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[ "2005" ]	[ { "id": "2124883", "text": "never offered on the Volkswagen Routan, the rebadged nameplate variant of the Chrysler minivans. For model year 2011 Chrysler revised the system, rebranding it as \"Super Stow 'n Go\". New pivoting head restraints with taller seatbacks and a revised folding mechanism (marketed as \"single action\") improved stowage ease – with the head restraints folding on themselves automatically and the entire seat automatically folding down to a position just over its floor recess. Dodge introduced a seating system in 2007, marketed as \"Swivel 'n Go\". In the seating system, two full size second row seats swivel to face the third row.", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124886", "text": "is no longer an option on 2011 and later Chrysler and Dodge vans. However, the seats can still be installed by modifying the van with a few basic tools and parts. However, it is impossible to install the table. The long-wheelbase Dodge Grand Caravan with \"Stow 'n Go\" seats are built in Windsor, Ontario, Canada at Windsor Assembly (WAP Plant 3) by members of Canadian Auto Workers Local 444. Both wheelbase models were also produced in Fenton, Missouri at Saint Louis Assembly by members of the United Auto Workers Local 110 until 31 October 2008. Dodge Caravan The Dodge Caravan", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124882", "text": "costing $400 million, engineers initially used an Erector Set to visualize the complex interaction of the design and redesigned under-floor components. The system included the spare tire well, fuel tank, exhaust system, parking brake cables, rear climate control lines, and rear suspension but precluded all-wheel drive (AWD). The system, in turn, creates a combined volume of of under-floor storage when second-row seats are deployed. With both rows folded, the vans have a flat-load floor and a maximum cargo volume of . The Stow 'n Go system received the Popular Science Magazine's \"Best of What's New\" for 2005 award, and was", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124858", "text": "disappearance of the AutoStick Transmission option. This year also saw the appearance of an optional factory-installed rear seat DVD system with single disc player mounted below the HVAC controls. 2004 offered an exclusive one year only \"Anniversary Edition\" package to mark Caravan's 20th year in production. This package was offered on higher level SXT models, and included chrome wheels, body color moldings, special interior accents and a unique fender badge. 2005 changes to the Caravan included a revised grille, new foglight fascia, and a system of in-floor folding second and third row seats, marketed as \"Stow 'n Go seating\". Production", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124855", "text": "unveiling. The first vans rolled off the line at the Windsor Assembly Plant on July 24. The fourth generation vans were available in the trim levels; \"SE\", \"Sport\", \"SXT\", \"AWD Sports\", \"base\" model, \"AWD Choice\", \"eL\", \"C/V\", \"ES\", \"EX\", \"AWD Wagon\", and \"SXT All-Wheel-Drive\". In development from February 1996 to December 1999, the Generation IV minivans were based on the Chrysler RS platform and featured a larger body frame with modified headlights and taillights. Design work was done by Brandon Faurote from January 1997 and reached production approval in 1998. In addition to other detailed changes, power sliding doors and", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "3634666", "text": "What's New\" for 2005 award. The Stow 'n Go system was not offered on the (now discontinued) Volkswagen Routan, a rebadged nameplate variant of the Chrysler minivans. The Stow 'n Go seating and storage system in the Town & Country and Dodge Grand Caravan was improved, revised and renamed \"Super Stow 'n Go\" for the 2011 model year. This system is still on the Grand Caravan and was adapted for the new Pacifica. Chrysler introduced a seating system in 2008, marketed as \"Swivel'n Go\". In the system, the two second row seats swivel to face the third row. A detachable", "title": "Chrysler Town & Country" }, { "id": "2124829", "text": "Dodge Caravan The Dodge Caravan is a minivan manufactured and marketed by Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (and predecessor Chrysler companies) and marketed under the Dodge brand. Introduced for the 1984 model year, it is the longest-used nameplate currently in use by Chrysler. Introduced as the Dodge version of the Chrysler minivans alongside the Plymouth Voyager (and the later Chrysler Town & Country), the Dodge Caravan is currently in its fifth generation of production. Largely marketed in the United States and Canada, outside North America, the Dodge Caravan was marketed as the Chrysler Voyager. In North America, the Grand Caravan served as", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124856", "text": "a power hatch became available as options. The Mitsubishi 3.0 L V6, which no longer met emissions standards in California and the northeastern U.S., was discontinued, and a more powerful 3.8L engine, based on the 3.3L, became available. All Wheel Drive continued to be offered on high end models. Other innovative available features included remote operated sliding doors and rear hatch, which could be opened and closed at the push of a button, either inside the vehicle, or with the keyless entry fob. In the 2002 model year, DaimlerChrysler stopped using the \"DODGE\" badges on the front doors, like with", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124843", "text": "V6 was added to the option list. The V6 engines became popular as sales of the 2.5 turbo dwindled and it was dropped at the end of the year. In these years, the ES model debuted (short wheelbase only) to highlight the new engines, the turbo 2.5 in particular. The ES was introduced to the long wheelbase Grand Caravan for 1991 and continued throughout 2003, before it was discontinued and replaced with the SXT. From 1991 through 1995, the Caravan used the Chrysler AS platform; they were the last minivans derived from the Chrysler K platform. The increasing popularity of", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124884", "text": "A detachable table can be placed between the second and third row seats. The Swivel 'n Go seating system includes the third row seating from the Stow 'n Go system. The system is offered on the Dodge Grand Caravan and Chrysler Town & Country, but not the Volkswagen Routan, a rebadged nameplate variant of the Chrysler minivans. These Swivel 'n Go Seats are manufactured by Intier Corp. a division of Magna. The tracks, risers and swivel mechanisms are assembled by Camslide, a division of Intier. The swivel mechanism was designed by and is produced by Toyo Seat USA Corp. The", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124830", "text": "the basis for the Volkswagen Routan assembled by Chrysler. Since 1984, more than 11 million Chrysler minivans (including rebadged variants and export versions) have been sold worldwide. Since its 1983 introduction, the Dodge Caravan has been assembled at Windsor Assembly, in Windsor, Ontario, Canada; prior to 2010, Saint Louis Assembly (in Fenton, Missouri) was an additional source of production. Lee Iacocca and Hal Sperlich had conceived their idea for this type of vehicle during their earlier tenure at Ford Motor Company. Henry Ford II rejected the idea (and a prototype) of a minivan in 1974. Iaccoca followed Sperlich to Chrysler,", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124877", "text": "payload plus a towing capability of up to . The Ram C/V included a 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 engine and 6-speed automatic transmission. The C/V Tradesman was discontinued after the 2015 model year in favor of the Fiat Doblò-based ProMaster City. Beginning with Generation V, Volkswagen began marketing the Volkswagen Routan, a rebadged variant of the Chrysler RT platform minivan with revised styling and content, for the North American market. The original contract between Chrysler and Volkswagen called for five years of production (through 2013). The Routan, made at Windsor Assembly alongside the Grand Caravan, debuted in 2008 at the Chicago", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124860", "text": "& Country, aside from the lack of chrome trim on the exterior door panels, and used a modified version of the Town & Country front bumper with a Dodge grille. Chinese vans were equipped with Mitsubishi 6G72 engines, and came in three trim levels: Classic, SXT, and Luxury. In Canada, the 3.3 L V6 was standard on all models. The 2001 model of this version earned a \"Poor\" rating in the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety 's 40 mph offset test. It did protect its occupants reasonably well, and the dummy movement was well controlled, however, a fuel leak occurred.", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124846", "text": "to December 26, 1994 (final design by Don Renkert was approved on September 23, 1991 and frozen in May 1992), the 1996 model was introduced at the 1995 North American International Auto Show using the Chrysler S platform. It included a number of innovations, including a driver's side sliding door (optional initially, to become standard equipment later), a first for Chrysler and a non-compact minivan for the United States and Canada (the Honda Odyssey had introduced the first four-door non-compact minivan for the United States & Canada in 1994, although the first-generation Odyssey had conventional hinged rear doors). With Generation", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124848", "text": "the Chrysler Town & Country won the North American Car of the Year award. The Caravan itself won \"Motor Trend\" magazine's Car of the Year 1996 and appeared on the Car and Driver Ten Best for 1996 and 1997. 1999 also saw the addition of a one-year only 15th anniversary \"Platinum Edition\", to mark Caravan's 15th year of production. This package was offered on various trim levels, and included Platinum Metallic paint, and fender badges. The 2000 model year offered packages which included the \"2000+\" and \"Millennium\" package, however these were little more than unique fender badges on vans with", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124881", "text": "row three-person 50/50 split \"bench\" – with each section weighing under . The Easy-out system remained in use through Generation V – where certain models featured a two-person bench \"and\" the under-floor compartments from the \"Stow'n Go\" system. All the rebadged nameplate variants of the Chrysler minivans use the Easy Out Roller Seats on their second row seating, where not the Stow and Go system. In 2004, Dodge introduced a system of second- and third-row seating that folded completely into under-floor compartments. It was marketed as \"Stow 'N Go\" and was available exclusively on long-wheelbase models. In a development program", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124878", "text": "Auto Show. Sales began in autumn of 2008, and features neither Chrysler's Stow'n Go nor Swivel'n Go seating systems. When the Chrysler and Dodge badged versions received new features for 2011, not all were shared with the Routan. Total sales as of September 2010 were reported as being under 10,000 units, far lower than the target of 5% of the minivan market. The Routan was discontinued after the 2013 model year. A total of 2,500 were produced by Chrysler during the calendar year. The Caravan has incorporated numerous seating systems for their minivans to enhance interior flexibility. In 1991, Dodge", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "3634669", "text": "Town & Country and Dodge Grand Caravan minivans with \"Stow 'n Go\" & \"Swivel 'n Go\" seats are built in Windsor, Ontario. Two plants have had the task of building the Town & Country, with Saint Louis Assembly building it from 1989 to 2001, and Windsor from 2001 to the present. As of May 2006, Windsor Assembly will be the lead producer of the RT, but will not fully take over until 2009 when they phase out current production of the Pacifica (CS). Saint Louis Assembly minivan plant was closed in October 2008 making Windsor the sole producer of the", "title": "Chrysler Town & Country" }, { "id": "2124862", "text": "debuted at the 2007 North American International Auto Show with exterior styling by Ralph Gilles. Beginning with Generation V in model year 2008, Chrysler only made the long wheelbase Grand Caravan. With discontinuation of the short-wheelbase Caravan, Dodge offered the Journey on nearly an identical wheelbase and as a crossover rather than a minivan. Although the SWB model, which had accounted for half of all sales in Canada, cost approximately $2,000 less and offered a four-cylinder engine option with improved fuel economy, Chrysler executives stated the SWB Caravan was discontinued to accommodate new features offered in the Grand Caravan, consistent", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124849", "text": "popular equipment. The Caravan received minor updates in 1997 for the 1998 model year. These changes came in the form of new colors, new wheels for trims above SE, new interior fabric, optional heated seats and a new design for the optional auto-dimming rear view mirror. In calendar year 1998, the Caravan's HVAC vents on the driver's side and center of the dashboard were updated to have a more conventional design. Later that year, the 1999 Caravan received new front styling on all trims above SE, while the Sport and ES models received even sportier styling. The ES model was", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124837", "text": "station wagons. The hatch was hinged at the top and held open by gas struts. A long wheelbase variant, marketed as the Grand Caravan, was introduced in May 1987. It allowed more cargo space behind the rear seat. A cargo version of the Caravan, called the Mini Ram Van, was also introduced for 1984, with a flat floored cargo space four feet tall and with four feet between the wheel wells. The load capacity was . It was renamed the Caravan C/V for 1989 and was then discontinued after 1995. It was initially available with the short wheelbase; a long-wheelbase", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124850", "text": "the first minivan to receive the \"AutoStick\" transmission and 17 inch wheels. A cargo net between the driver and front passenger seats was added. Color keyed door and lift-gate handles were standard across the whole range, in addition to a new keyless entry remote. Base and SE models had options for a spoiler as well as color keyed bumpers and trim (grey or color molded bumpers and trim were standard). The driver's side sliding door became standard. Chrysler had updates of the Plymouth Voyager in 1996 for the 1997 model year and the Chrysler Town & Country in 1997 for", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124874", "text": "Caravan would be discontinued, and that they would have to look into offering \"some level of affordable access to the Pacifica at the lower end to try and replace the outgoing models\". Despite the introduction of the higher-cost Pacifica model, sales of the Caravan increased by 26% in 2016. Production of Grand Caravans was temporarily suspended from September to November 2017 with the assembly of the 2018 model year versions starting in December 2017. The production line required changes to install airbags that meet U.S. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 226 calling for larger and more robust side-impact air curtains,", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124853", "text": "was powered by 28 12-volt NiMH batteries and was capable of traveling up to on a single charge. The EPIC was sold as a fleet-only lease vehicle. Production of the EPIC was discontinued in 2001. Only a few hundred of these vehicles were produced and sold. After the leases expired they were returned and crushed. Approximately 10 vans remain in private hands today. The 1996–2000 Dodge Grand Caravan received a \"Marginal\" rating in the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's 40 mph offset test. The structural performance and restraints were graded \"Acceptable\", but the foot injuries were very high. In the", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124866", "text": "of the range SXT models. In 2011 the six-speed transmission was specified as standard on the Town & Country. In the U.S. the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) New Car Assessment Program crash testing, the 2010 Dodge Grand Caravan achieved a five star (top safety) rating in several categories. The Grand Caravan underwent a mid-cycle refresh for the 2011 model year, which included major changes in both styling and functionality. The suspension was heavily re-tuned, with both Dodge and Chrysler minivans gaining a larger front sway bar and new rear sway bar, increased rear roll center height, adjusted spring", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124879", "text": "introduced a second row bench seat integrating two child booster seats on 1992 models. These seats continued as an available option through Generation V until they were discontinued in 2010. In 1995, Dodge introduced a system of seats to simplify installation, removal, and re-positioning, marketed as \"Easy-Out Roller Seats\". When installed, the seats are latched to floor-mounted strikers. When unlatched, eight rollers lift each seat, allowing it to be rolled fore and aft. Tracks have locator depressions for rollers, to simplify installation. Ergonomic levers at the seat backs release the floor latches single-handedly, without tools, and raise the seats onto", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124873", "text": "SXT, and GT models. The 6.5\" Touchscreen (Radio 430 and 430 NAV) became standard equipment. (Navigation is standard on GT and optional on SXT.) FCA unveiled the Chrysler Pacifica, a new crossover minivan for the 2017 model year, at the 2016 North American International Auto Show. The Pacifica replaced the Chrysler Town & Country, but it was originally stated that the 2016 model of the Dodge Caravan would be produced for one more model year as a lower-cost alternative to the Pacifica, before being discontinued. In January 2017, FCA CEO Sergio Marchionne stated that it was not clear if the", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124868", "text": "lighting and center console, and halogen projector headlamps with LED accents. The Chrysler models were adjusted so that instead of competing against equivalent Dodge trim levels, they were above Dodge in trim and features. For 2012, a new, basic style trim called \"AVP\" was introduced, while some features previously unavailable for \"SE\" (like touch navigation panel) become available as options (The \"SE\" now also received a floor console, similar to the one available for \"SXT\"). The same year, the front logo design was changed the two slanted rectangles in red to match the rest of the Dodge lineup. For 2013,", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124863", "text": "with the demands of the majority of the minivan market. A new six-speed automatic transmission became standard with the 3.8 L V6 and the new 4.0 L V6. The four-speed automatic transmission is standard with the 3.3 L Flex-Fuel V6. This generation of Grand Caravan and its Town & Country counterpart were not available with an all-wheel-drive system. The previously unavailable Electronic Stability Control was made standard on this generation. Chrysler introduced a seat management system marketed as \"Swivel'n Go\" seating, the MyGIG entertainment system (a stereo with built in hard drive for recording, storing, and playing music), second and", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124867", "text": "rates, a new steering gear, a revised front static camber setting, and lowered ride height. This dramatically improved handling in both the Chrysler and Dodge. All three of the former engine choices were replaced by the new Pentastar 3.6-liter V6 with six-speed automatic transmission, now the sole powertrain choice for all models. Interior trim was restyled on both vans, in addition to major exterior revisions highlighted by the new \"double-crosshair\" grille on the Grand Caravan and a new chrome grille for the Town & Country. Other changes included extra sound insulation, acoustic glass, new seats, softer-touch surfaces, new LED ambient", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124847", "text": "III, Chrysler introduced a seat management system marketed as \"Easy Out Roller Seats\". A conventional door handle and lock was added to the rear hatch, eliminating the confusing pop-and-lift maneuver which had been required on earlier models. Base models of the Caravan were offered in most states with either a 2.4 L four-cylinder or the 3.0 L Mitsubishi 6G72 V6 engine, except in several northeastern states, where the Mitsubishi did not meet emissions standards. In those areas, the 3.3 L engine was offered as the V6 option from 1997 through 2000. The 1996 Caravan, along with the Plymouth Voyager and", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "531875", "text": "Motor Company focusing on performance and mid-luxury, respectively. (Among the American press, it has drawn comparisons to the decades-long set up of Chevrolet and Pontiac at General Motors before the phase-out of Pontiac in 2010.) As part of the restructuring, Dodge will discontinue the Dodge Grand Caravan (after 32 years) and Dodge Avenger without replacements, while launching a sporty subcompact below the Dart in 2018. Additionally, while the Ram Trucks division will remain separate (although the Dodge Durango will remain in production as a Dodge), the SRT division was merged back into Dodge. Over the decades, Dodge has become well", "title": "Dodge" }, { "id": "2124832", "text": "discontinued in 1970 and replaced by the larger, fullsized Dodge B-series van in 1971. Interior trim, controls, and instrumentation were borrowed from the Chrysler K platform, and coupled with the lower floor enabled by the front-wheel-drive, the Caravan featured car-like ease of entry. There were three trim levels: base, SE, and LE. Base vans came equipped for five passengers in two rows of seating. The LE came with seven passengers standard in three rows of seating. The base van had two bucket seats with attached armrests and open floor space between them in the front, a three-person bench seat in", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124844", "text": "the short wheelbase Caravan had a dramatic effect on the captive import from Mitsubishi, called the Dodge Colt Vista, and was no longer imported to North America starting in 1991. The second generation had features including: 1992 models included revised roof-racks and doorhandles. 1993 marked the final year for optional woodgrain and wire wheels on higher level models. 1994 models had a redesigned interior, with slightly different seat contours/fabrics, along with a new dash, in order to accommodate a passenger-side air bag. 1994 exterior trim changes included a body colored grill and moldings on certain models, as well as the", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124857", "text": "all Dodge vehicles. In 2003, the Caravan C/V and Grand Caravan C/V returned after having been discontinued in 1995. The C/V featured the option of deleted side windows (replaced by composite panels), optional rear seats, a cargo floor made of plastic material similar to pickup truck bedliners, rubber flooring in lieu of carpeting and normal hatch at the rear. Minor changes were made to the Grand Caravan ES including many of the features included in Option Group 29S becoming standard, the 17 inch Titan Chrome wheels no longer being an option replaced with standard 16 inch chrome wheels, and the", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124869", "text": "the \"AVP\" trim starting MSRP reduced by $1,000 from the year before. For the 2014 model year, three new packages are introduced: American Value Package (US; Canada Value Package in Canada), Blacktop package (US only) and the 30th Anniversary Edition. They are all different sets of the SE and SXT trims, and include new luxury features for basically the same price. The Grand Caravan AVP also gained easy-clean floor mats that came with the optional second-row Stow'n Go seats (standard on SE, SXT and R/T). The \"Blacktop package\", based on SE and SXT, came equipped with 17-inch polished aluminum wheels", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "3634667", "text": "table can be placed between the second and third row seats. Swivel'n Go is available with Stow 'n Go seating after 2008 models. The Swivel 'n Go system is offered on the Dodge Caravan, but not the Volkswagen Routan, a rebadged nameplate variant of the Chrysler minivans. These Swivel 'n Go Seats were manufactured by Intier Corp. a division of Magna. The tracks, risers and swivel mechanisms are assembled by Camslide, a division of Intier. The swivel mechanism was designed by and is produced by Toyo Seat USA Corp. The system is noted for its high strength. The entire load", "title": "Chrysler Town & Country" }, { "id": "531836", "text": "the American automobile industry led Chrysler to develop the K platform of compact to midsize cars for the 1981 model year. The K platform and its derivatives are credited with reviving Chrysler's business in the 1980s; one such derivative became the Dodge Caravan. The Dodge brand has withstood the multiple ownership changes at Chrysler from 1998 to 2009, including its short-lived merger with Daimler-Benz AG from 1998 to 2007, its subsequent sale to Cerberus Capital Management, its 2009 bailout by the United States government, and its subsequent Chapter 11 bankruptcy and acquisition by Fiat. In 2011, Dodge, Ram, and Dodge's", "title": "Dodge" }, { "id": "2124841", "text": "years to improve reliability, and many early model transmissions would eventually be retrofitted or replaced with the updated versions by dealers, under warranty. These efforts were mostly successful, and most first-generation Caravans eventually got an updated transmission. For the first three years of production, two engines were offered in the Caravan – both inline-4 engines with 2 barrel carburetors. The base 2.2 L was borrowed from the Chrysler K-cars, and produced horsepower. The higher performance fuel-injected version of the 2.2 L engine later offered in the K-cars was never offered in the Caravan, and the 2-bbl version would remain the", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124875", "text": "as well as for them to deploy in the event of either a side-on collision or a rollover. Standard on all 2018 models are advanced multistage driver and front-passenger airbags that include low-risk deployment, a driver's-side inflatable knee blocker, front seat-mounted side airbags, and side-curtains for outboard passengers in all three rows. Originally from 2007 to June 1, 2011, the van was known in Europe as the Chrysler G. Voyager, but since June 1, 2011, it has been known in the UK and Ireland as a Chrysler G. Voyager and in the rest of Europe as a Lancia Voyager. For", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124845", "text": "addition of a one-year only \"10th Anniversary Edition\" package. Available as an option on a mid-level Caravan and Grand Caravan (also offered on Voyager models as well), the package featured 2-tone paint schemes, which included a contrasting light gray colored lower break, along with a gold fender badge. Only select colors were available on this model. The third-generation Chrysler minivans were available in long- and short– wheelbase models; three- and four-door configurations; and eight different powertrains, including electric and compressed natural gas; on a single, flexible platform. In development for nearly 5 years from early 1990 (full development from 1991)", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "3620904", "text": "has been produced in Sydney by the Seven Network since July 1987. It premiered in January 1988 and is the second longest-running drama on Australian television, winning more than 30 Logie Awards. The show initially focused on the characters of Pippa and Tom Fletcher who ran the Summer Bay Caravan Park and lived there with a succession of foster children, most notably their adopted daughter Sally, played by Kate Ritchie. Other notable actors who have starred in the series include Heath Ledger, Julian McMahon and Naomi Watts. The late 1980s saw the ownership changeover for many commercial and regional stations.", "title": "Television in Australia" }, { "id": "2124870", "text": "with gloss black pockets, a gloss black grille, black headlamp bezels, an all-black interior including headliner, door panels and console, unique black cloth seats and door trim panels with silver accent stitching, a leather-wrapped steering wheel with silver accent stitching and a leather shift knob, choice of 6 body colors (Granite Crystal, Billet Silver, Brilliant Black, Maximum Steel, Redline Red, Bright White). SXT models also include fog lamps. The \"SE 30th Anniversary Edition\", based on the SE trim, came equipped with 17-inch satin carbon aluminum wheels, body-color heated exterior mirrors, 30th Anniversary badging on the front fenders, silver accent stitching", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124831", "text": "and together they created what was internally designated the T-115 minivan – a prototype that was to become the Caravan and Voyager, known in initial marketing as the Magic-wagons. Chrysler introduced the Dodge Caravan and the Plymouth Voyager in November 1983 for the 1984 model year, using the Chrysler S platform, an extended derivative of the Chrysler K platform. The Renault Espace launched in Europe the same year, and Chrysler began selling the Chrysler Voyager in Europe four years later. During the 1960s, Dodge did sell a small cargo van adapted for passenger use, called the Dodge A100 which was", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124842", "text": "base power plant until mid-1987. Alongside the 2.2 L, an optional Mitsubishi 2.6 L engine was available, producing horsepower. In mid-1987, the base 2.2 L I4 was replaced with a fuel-injected 2.5 L I4, which produced , while the Mitsubishi \"G54B\" I4 was replaced with the new fuel-injected 3.0 L Mitsubishi V6 producing in March of that year. Shortly thereafter in model year 1989, a more powerful engine became optional, with a turbocharged version of the base 2.5 L producing . Revisions to the Mitsubishi V6 upped its output to that same year, and in 1990 a new 3.3 L", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124872", "text": "bezels, and bright chrome accents throughout. Both 30th Anniversary Editions included an available special body color, Granite Crystal Pearl Coat, a customized gauge cluster with 30th Anniversary badging, as well as the UConnect Handsfree Group (SiriusXM Satellite Radio with a one-year subscription, Bluetooth streaming audio and voice command and an auto-dimming rear view mirror). The vehicles arrived at dealerships at Q3 2013. Also new for the 2014 model year, the Grand Caravan R/T gained standard auto headlamps with black bezels and the Security Group featuring remote start and security alarm. A small 2017 model year update yields SE, SE Plus,", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124880", "text": "the rollers in a single motion. Additionally, seat backs were designed to fold forward. Seat roller tracks are permanently attached to the floor and seat stanchions are aligned, facilitating the longitudinal rolling of the seats. Bench seat stanchions were moved inboard to reduce bending stress in the seat frames, allowing them to be lighter. When configured as two and three person benches (available through Generation IV), the Easy Out Roller Seats could be unwieldy. Beginning in 2000, second and third row seats became available in a 'quad' configuration – bucket or captain chairs in the second row and a third", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124864", "text": "third row video screens, powered second row windows, standard side curtain airbags, and dashboard-mounted transmission controls. The gear shift lever moved to the instrument panel, the location used by competitors. The market shifted briefly away from minivans and SUVs with the gasoline price spikes of the earlier part of 2008. This trend began to reverse itself towards the fall of 2008. In 2009 and 2010 the Dodge Grand Caravan continued to be the top selling minivan in Canada, with over 60% of the market's monthly sales. \"Automotive News\" reported that, from January to October in 2010, Dodge sold about a", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "19995574", "text": "variant of the RT minivans with revised styling, content features and suspension tuning. Manufactured alongside the Chrysler and Dodge minivans at Windsor Assembly and marketed in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, the Routan debuted at the 2008 Chicago Auto Show and went on sale in the United States in September 2008. The Routan's minivan variants include the Dodge Caravan, Ram C/V, Chrysler Town & Country, and Chrysler Grand Voyager (export)—that by 2009 have ranked as the 13th bestselling automotive nameplate worldwide, with over 12 million sold. The Routan marked the start of Volkswagen's business strategy to offer additional vehicles", "title": "Chrysler minivans (RT)" }, { "id": "19995105", "text": "to mark Caravan's 20th year in production. This package was offered on higher level SXT models, and included chrome wheels, body color moldings, special interior accents and a unique fender badge. The 2005 minivans received a mid-cycle refresh including revised front fascias and a mildly restyled interior. This model introduced a system of second- and third-row seating that folded completely into under-floor compartments. It was marketed as \"Stow 'N Go\" and was available exclusively on long-wheelbase models. In a development program costing $400 million, engineers initially used an Erector Set to visualize the complex interaction of the design and redesigned", "title": "Chrysler minivans (RS)" }, { "id": "3634646", "text": "debuted in 2008 at the Chicago Auto Show and with sales beginning in autumn of 2008, and features neither Chrysler's Stow'n Go nor Swivel'n Go seating systems, but however, features the Easy Out Roller Seats. On June 3, 2010 Chrysler recalled 284,831 MY 2008 and 2009 Town & Country vehicles due to an improperly routed wiring harness inside the sliding door. A similar recall also affected 15,902 MY 2010 Volkswagen Routan vehicles. The Dodge Grand Caravan and Chrysler Town & Country received mid-cycle refreshes for the 2011 model year. Changes included restyled exterior and interior with all-new wing logo, standard", "title": "Chrysler Town & Country" }, { "id": "2124840", "text": "computer controlled Ultradrive four-speed automatic became available in 1989. The Ultradrive offered much better fuel economy and responsiveness, particularly when paired with the inline-four engine. However, it suffered from reliability problems, usually stemming from what is known as \"gear hunt\" or \"shift busyness\", resulting in premature wear of the internal clutches. It also required an uncommon type of automatic transmission fluid and is not clearly labeled as such, leading many owners to use the more common Dexron II rather than the specified \"Mopar ATF+3\", resulting in transmission damage and eventual failure. The Ultradrive received numerous design changes in subsequent model", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "6578774", "text": "wheel-base version. The Generation III (NS) minivan production began in 1995 — with dual sliding doors. Starting in July 2000 the Generation IV (RS) minivan, which included the \"Stow'n Go\" seating, was produced until July 2007. In August 2007 the Generation IV (RT) minivan was introduced which continues with the \"Stow 'n Go\" and features the new \"Swivel'n Go\" seating. The plant operates with 3 shifts and produces about 1,426 vehicles per day. Windsor Assembly started assembling the new Volkswagen Routan (RM) on the same platform as the Dodge Grand Caravan and Chrysler Town & Country models in August 2008.", "title": "Windsor Assembly" }, { "id": "15872353", "text": "away. At the party Steven Matheson (Adam Willits) and Carly Morris (Sharyn Hodgson) are startled to meet the person they heard so much about whilst growing up. Miles becomes the new owner of the caravan park. He becomes good friends with Leah and falls in love with her. She feels it is to soon after husband Dan's death and does not feel the same, leaving him upset. Morag Bellingham (Cornelia Frances) then helps him track down Jai, a boy from Phuket whom he told he would help, but never did. He comes to live with Miles, their relationship is strained", "title": "Miles Copeland (Home and Away)" }, { "id": "531887", "text": "to the short-wheelbase B Series Ram Vans, and later naming it the Caravan C/V, the C/V stood for Cargo Van. For model year 2011, the Caravan C/V was rebranded as a Ram, and was renamed the Ram C/V. Dodge's first experiments with anything like a sport utility vehicle appeared in the late 1950s with a windowed version of their standard panel-truck – known as the Town Wagon. These were built in the same style through the mid-1960s. But the division did not enter the SUV arena in earnest until 1974, with the purpose-built Ramcharger. Offering the then-popular open body style", "title": "Dodge" }, { "id": "3502071", "text": "Windsor Assembly, in Windsor, Ontario, Canada; from 1987 to 2007, Saint Louis Assembly in Fenton, Missouri added additional manufacturing in North America. For the European market, exports were largely supplemented by the Eurostar joint-venture factory in Graz, Austria from 1992 to 2002. The S platform was a modified variant of the Chrysler K platform used for the Dodge Caravan, Chrysler Town & Country and Plymouth Voyager. Chrysler manufactured the Generation I minivans, internally codenamed T-115 during development from October 1983 until 1990. Models include: Developed from 1985 to 1989, Generation II was introduced in 1990 and called AS. Design specifications", "title": "Chrysler minivans" }, { "id": "82200", "text": "ceased to be an independent company. It was purchased by General Dynamics Corporation and became a wholly owned subsidiary. Production of the Cessna Caravan began. General Dynamics in turn, sold Cessna to Textron Inc, in 1992. Late in 2007, Cessna purchased the bankrupt Columbia Aircraft company for US$26.4M and would continue production of the Columbia 350 and 400 as the Cessna 350 and Cessna 400 at the Columbia factory in Bend, Oregon. On November 27, 2007, Cessna announced the then-new Cessna 162 would be built in the People's Republic of China by Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, which is a subsidiary of", "title": "Cessna" }, { "id": "10080144", "text": "Volkswagen Routan The Volkswagen Routan is a seven-seat minivan and rebadged variant of the Chrysler RT platform, with revised styling, content features, and suspension tuning from the fifth-generation Dodge Grand Caravan and Chrysler Town & Country. Manufactured alongside the Chrysler and Dodge minivans at Windsor Assembly and marketed in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, the Routan debuted at the 2008 Chicago Auto Show and went on sale in the United States in September 2008. The Routan's minivan variants include the Dodge Caravan, Ram C/V, Chrysler Town & Country, and Lancia Voyager (export)—that by 2009 have ranked as the 13th", "title": "Volkswagen Routan" }, { "id": "8922129", "text": "right (up-shift) or to the left (down-shift). When the driver pushes the shifter in either of these directions the assembly sends a signal to the TCM to shift up, or down depending on the driver's actions. Dropping the shifter into the Autostick gate while the vehicle is moving will simply keep the vehicle in the current gear selected. For the column-shift third- and fourth-generation Dodge Grand Caravan ES, Chrysler Town and Country 1999-2003, four speed automatic transmission models with FWD (41TE) or AWD (41AE) transmission only. The Autostick feature is activated by moving the \"PRNDL\" transmission selection on the steering", "title": "Autostick" }, { "id": "2124854", "text": "NHTSA crash tests, it received 4 stars for the driver and front passenger in the frontal-impact. In the side-impact test, it received 5 stars for the driver, and 3 stars for the rear occupant, and resulted in a fuel leak that could cause a fire hazard. Unveiled at the 2000 North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) on Monday, January 10, 2000, the redesigned 2001 Dodge Caravan and 2001 Chrysler Town & Country were released for sale in August 2000. The release was part of a promotional tie-in with Nabisco, which unveiled their new \"Mini Oreos\" inside the van during the", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "3634644", "text": "Dodge Grand Caravan also received special treatment). It added special alloy wheels, special interior trim, and special '30th Anniversary 1984-2014' emblems to the exterior of the van. For 2016, a 90th Anniversary Edition Town & Country was available to celebrate Chrysler's 90th anniversary (the company was founded in 1926). It added special interior trim and special '90th Anniversary Edition 1926-2016' emblems to the exterior of the van. Both the 3.8 L and 4.0 L engines were paired with Chrysler's 62TE 6-speed automatic transmission with variable line pressure (VLP) technology (See Ultradrive#62TE). This transmission is standard with the new (2011 on)", "title": "Chrysler Town & Country" }, { "id": "8922127", "text": "year. VW ended Autostick production with the 1976 model year. The Dodge Intrepid ES and Eagle Vision TSi were the first automobile models in North America that came equipped with the Autostick system as an option, later standard equipment on the 1997 Plymouth Prowler and 1999 Chrysler 300M. It was added to the JA cars on the 1997 Stratus. This system was standard on 1999 to 2003 model year Dodge Grand Caravan ES, but only the front-wheel drive models since the AWD used a different TCM. Many Chrysler models today come with this system, including the 300, 300C, Charger, Challenger,", "title": "Autostick" }, { "id": "2124865", "text": "third of its 2010 Grand Caravans to rental fleets. The number of returned ex-rental 2010 Grand Caravan to the market jumped fourfold between July to October, depressing prices of used 2009 and 2010 Dodge minivans by as much as 20%. Both the 3.8 L and 4.0 L engines were paired with Chrysler's 62TE 6-speed automatic transmission with variable line pressure (VLP) technology (See Ultradrive#62TE). In Canada (2008–2010) the 3.3 L was the standard engine across the range, combined with the 4-speed 41TE automatic transmission. The 4.0 L engine and six-speed combination was available as an option on only the top", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "4661292", "text": "the U.S. in 1994. The new Ramcharger was produced in Mexico for the 1999 model year based on the same platform as the Dodge Ram pickup, and had also shared several parts and other components with the Dodge Ram as well. It had also shared some of its parts and components with the third generation Chrysler minivans (Chrysler Town & Country, Dodge Caravan/Plymouth Voyager) as well. It was only sold in Mexico where the previous generation Ramcharger had been successful. It was available in the ST, SLT, SLT Plus and Sport trim levels. Powered by the or Magnum V8 engines", "title": "Dodge Ramcharger" }, { "id": "2124839", "text": "were available with all inline-four engines, including the turbocharged 2.5-liter (this was a rare combination). The Plymouth Voyager, which was a rebadged version of the Caravan, was also available with a manual transmission. The Chrysler Town & Country, which was a more luxurious repackaged version of the Caravan, had no manual transmission option. Manual transmissions were not available on V6 models of the passenger Caravan, but were an option on the Mini Ram Van and Caravan C/V's long wheelbase models with a 3.0 L V6. The V6 engines were only offered with the venerable fully hydraulically operated TorqueFlite, until the", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "12133045", "text": "issued as a single - the album's third - reaching #37 on the \"Billboard\" R&B charts. It was while Oleta Adams was visiting Stockholm that she heard Russell's song playing in a record store and was sufficiently impressed with the song to record it for her 1990 album \"Circle of One\". Adams' version of \"Get Here\" was issued as a single in early 1991. World events at this time gave the song a resonance as an anthem for the US troops in the Gulf War—underscored by the lyrics \"You can reach me by caravan / Cross the desert like an", "title": "Get Here" }, { "id": "2124834", "text": "the benches were easy to operate though removing and replacing the seats typically required two adults. A front low-back 60/40 split bench, accommodating a third front passenger in the middle, was offered in the SE trim level in 1985 only, allowing for a maximum of eight passengers. This configuration was subsequently dropped. Base model curb weight 2,910 lbs. Safety features consisted of 3-point seat belts for the front two passengers, with simple lap belts for the rear five. Seats on base models and cloth-trimmed SEs had no headrests, which were not mandated due to the van's \"light truck\" legal status.", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "2124835", "text": "However, the two front seats were equipped with non-adjustable headrests on the LE model and in conjunction with vinyl upholstery on the SE. Side-impact reinforcements were mandated, and were at all seating positions front and rear. Neither airbags nor anti-lock braking systems were available. Access to the rear rows of seating was by a large passenger-side sliding door enabling easy access in confined situations, e.g., parking. Because only one sliding door was offered, the smaller 2nd row bench seat was shifted to the driver's side of the van, facilitating passenger access to the 3rd row seat. To facilitate variable cargo", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "7554565", "text": "Caravan of East and West The Caravan of East and West is a tax-exempt, educational foundation for brotherhood, established in 1929 by Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler and his wife Julie and located at 132 East 65th Street in New York City, at \"Caravan House\", the former Chanler town residence. The Caravan was a foundation that grew out of the \"New History Society\". The foundation had a quarterly magazine called The Caravan in 1929, it is not clear how long this magazine lasted. They also had a quarterly magazine called The Children's Caravan in 1935, which 'helps to keep", "title": "Caravan of East and West" }, { "id": "12091806", "text": "is also responsible for the creation of Stow ’n Go seating in the Chrysler Town & Country and the Dodge Grand Caravan minivans. Stow ’n Go seating became known to be a reality after Louis Rhodes and his son, Jon Rhodes, had been tinkering with an Erector Set in their kitchen . Stow ’n Go seating was revolutionary because while fold on to the floor seating was the new option to be offered in minivans, Stow ’n Go seating allows the second and third-rows of seats to fold in to the floor . For this revolutionary idea, Louis Rhodes received", "title": "Louis Rhodes" }, { "id": "1454665", "text": "Steven Matheson (Adam Willits), Lynn Davenport (Helena Bozich), and Sally Fletcher (Kate Ritchie) – who relocated from the city to live in the seaside town of Summer Bay. At the end of the first episode, Tom and Pippa take in their sixth foster child Bobby Simpson (Nicolle Dickson). The Fletchers bought the Summer Bay Caravan Park and moved into the Summer Bay House. They quickly built strong friendships with the locals, Ailsa Stewart (Judy Nunn), Alf Stewart (Ray Meagher), Donald Fisher (Norman Coburn), and Neville (Frank Lloyd) and Floss McPhee (Sheila Kennelly). While \"Home and Away\" features a mix of", "title": "Home and Away" }, { "id": "19995375", "text": "rating called \"Safest\" (at least 30% safer than the average car.) Introduced in March 1995 for the 1996 model year, the third-generation Chrysler minivans were marketed by the Chrysler, Dodge, and Plymouth divisions. In line with the second generation, Chrysler marketed the minivans as the Plymouth Voyager, Dodge Caravan, and Chrysler Town & Country in both standard wheelbase and long-wheelbase (\"Grand\") configurations. The Dodge Caravan C/V was withdrawn from the model line; all NS-platform vans were of passenger van configuration. Again positioned as the flagship of the Chrysler minivans, the third-generation marked a major expansion of the Town & Country", "title": "Chrysler minivans (NS)" }, { "id": "18109427", "text": "launch of the joint venture and Hasbro Studios. The series debuted with a special prime time premiere of the two-part pilot on March 14, 2015, followed by the regular time slot debut, starting with an encore of \"Pilot\" Pt. 1, on March 21. Season 2 ran from February 20 to May 14, 2016. The six-part miniseries premiered on October 22 and concluded on December 3. Season 3 ran from April 29 to November 11, 2017. It was the third and final season. On January 13, 2015, it was announced that Cartoon Network has acquired the rights to broadcast the series", "title": "Transformers: Robots in Disguise (2015 TV series)" }, { "id": "19995573", "text": "In this seating system, two full size second row seats swivel to face the third row. A detachable table can be placed between the second and third row seats. The Swivel 'n Go seating system includes the 3rd row seating from the Stow 'n Go system, but not the second row, which must be manually removed from the vehicle. This model was exported as the Dodge Grand Caravan and Chrysler Town & Country to the Philippines, Chrysler Town & Country to Central and South America, and Chrysler Grand Voyager to all other markets. The Volkswagen Routan is a seven-seat rebadged", "title": "Chrysler minivans (RT)" }, { "id": "19995181", "text": "since their introduction. Introduced in November 1990, the second-generation Chrysler minivans were marketed by the Dodge, Plymouth, and Chrysler divisions. The Dodge Caravan and Plymouth Voyager nameplates returned, with both short-wheelbase and long-wheelbase (Grand) body configurations. As with the first-generation minivans, base-trim examples were equipped with 5-passenger seating, with 7-passenger seating as standard in higher-trim versions (SE, LE, ES/LX, and all Town & Country vans). For 1994, the model range underwent a mid-cycle revision, primarily intended to comply with 1998 upgrades to US federal safety standards for cars (although the entire model range was officially considered a light truck). Alongside", "title": "Chrysler minivan (AS)" }, { "id": "2124851", "text": "the 1998 model year, prior to the 1998–2007 DaimlerChrysler era; it was the only exterior update of the NS Dodge Caravan. Other plans for this model year included three minivan concepts all to be made in the Windsor Assembly, the Dodge Caravan R/T, Voyager XG, and the Chrysler Pacifica 1999 concept. The Caravan R/T (originally ESS) was to include the most powerful engine ever for a minivan, rated at . It had two Dodge Viper hoodscoops, a brushed aluminum instrument panel, racing-style pedals, and black and white rubber flooring. The Voyager XG was more rugged, featured a diesel engine and", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "3634660", "text": "Limited, and are standard on Limited Platinum. The reflector headlamps are retained on the Dodge Caravan. Last year for the Chrysler Town & Country. The 90th Anniversary Edition is a variant of the Touring-L commemorating the 90th anniversary of the Chrysler company, adding several optional features as standard features including heated second row seats, a heated steering wheel, and a power sunroof. Distinguishing features are special badging, a 90th Anniversary Edition radio splash screen, and special floor mats. This model went on sale alongside the 200 90th Anniversary Edition, based on the 200 Limited, and 300 90th Anniversary Edition based", "title": "Chrysler Town & Country" }, { "id": "19995590", "text": "only offered as an extra-cost option on some trim levels. Dodge did not start production of the 2018 Grand Caravan until November 2017 because of this. With the all-new 2017 Chrysler Pacifica introduced to replace the Chrysler Town & Country, the Dodge Grand Caravan was due to be discontinued after the 2016 model year. However, it was later announced that the Grand Caravan would be sold alongside the Chrysler Pacifica unchanged from the 2016 model, with a simplified model lineup. At the 2018 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne said there may be a", "title": "Chrysler minivans (RT)" }, { "id": "531886", "text": "was brought over and given a Dodge styling treatment. Redesigned for 2006 as a 2007 model, the economical diesel-powered Sprinters have become very popular for city usage among delivery companies like FedEx and UPS in recent years. Because of their fuel efficiency major motorhome manufacturer Thor Motor Coach made several Class C and Class A Motorhomes available on the Dodge Sprinter Chassis including their popular Four Winds Siesta & Chateau Citation product lines. Dodge also offered a cargo version of its best-selling Caravan for many years, at first calling it the Mini Ram Van, which was a name originally applied", "title": "Dodge" }, { "id": "19995048", "text": "the rest of the dashboard remained unchanged). In addition to the standard trim levels, Chrysler added the top-line Dodge Caravan ES and Plymouth Voyager LX; as an early 1990 model, the Chrysler Town & Country luxury minivan was introduced in early 1989. The first-generation Chrysler minivans are based upon the Chrysler S platform, using unibody construction. Contrary to popular belief, the S platform is not directly related to the K platform; though sharing powertrains to lower development and production costs, the S platform has a distinct body structure, allowing for a higher hoodline and seat height. The S platform is", "title": "Chrysler minivans (S)" }, { "id": "2124852", "text": "manual transmission, and included many outdoor amenities, such as a built-in ice pack. The Chrysler Pacifica, based on the Town & Country, was more luxurious, had power leather seats and footrests, overhead bins and lighting, an LHS grille, and roof-long skylights. The skylight feature was used by Nissan in the Quest. The Pacifica actually did come to be in 2004, based on the fifth generation Caravan, except that it became a crossover SUV rather than a minivan; the nameplate was eventually applied to a minivan in 2016. In 1999, Dodge introduced the Caravan EPIC, a fully electric minivan. The EPIC", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "6882349", "text": "Nissan Caravan The Nissan Caravan is a light commercial van designed for use as a fleet vehicle or cargo van and manufactured by Nissan since 1973. Between 1976 and 1997, a rebadged version of the Caravan sold as the Nissan Homy, which was introduced as an independent model in 1965. Outside Japan, the Caravan was sold as either Nissan Urvan, Nissan King Van, or Nissan Homy. All generations use a cabover approach due to Japanese Government dimension regulations that annually tax larger vehicles, and the cabover approach maximizes interior space while remaining within defined exterior dimensions. Prior to 1973, the", "title": "Nissan Caravan" }, { "id": "2124871", "text": "and piano black accents throughout, black cloth seats, a black leather-wrapped steering wheel, black leather-wrapped shift knob, black headliner and overhead console, bright heating and air conditioning trim bezels, power second- and third-row windows, and 30th Anniversary logo on the key fob The \"SXT 30th Anniversary Edition\", based on the SXT trim, was packaged with 17-inch polished aluminum wheels with satin carbon pockets, bright chrome roof rack, bright window trim moldings, fog lamps, automatic headlamps and special 30th Anniversary badging, Black Torino leatherette seats with premium suede inserts and silver accent stitching, power 10-way driver's seat, piano black accent trim", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "19995585", "text": "6 speed 62TE automatic transmission. In 2011, the 3.3L, 3.8L and 4.0L engines were all dropped, replaced with the \"Pentastar\" 3.6 L V6, which came with the 62TE transmission. Grand Caravan: Automotive news reported that, from January to October in 2010, Dodge sold about a third of its 2010 Grand Caravans to rental fleets. The number of returned ex-rental 2010 Grand Caravan to the market jumped fourfold between July to October, depressing prices of used 2009 and 2010 Dodge minivans by as much as 20%. Town & Country: For 2018, the Dodge Grand Caravan is only available in three trim", "title": "Chrysler minivans (RT)" }, { "id": "3502074", "text": "The Chrysler RG platform is the global export counterpart to the North American Chrysler RS platform. Model: Generation V Chrysler minivan was introduced at the 2007 Detroit Auto Show as a 2008 model, based on the new RT platform. It offers a new 4.0 L V6 as its top engine, mated to a six-speed automatic. The short-wheelbase model was dropped, and, as a result, there is no longer a Dodge Caravan, only the Grand Caravan. A version of the Chrysler Town & Country is sold in Europe as the Lancia Voyager and several other export markets as the Chrysler Grand", "title": "Chrysler minivans" }, { "id": "3634620", "text": "Chrysler Town & Country The Chrysler Town & Country is a minivan that was manufactured and marketed by Chrysler. It was introduced in 1989 for the 1990 model year. Chrysler group minivans, which include the Dodge Caravan/Dodge Grand Caravan and included the Plymouth Voyager/Plymouth Grand Voyager/Chrysler Voyager, have ranked as the 13th bestselling automotive nameplates worldwide, with over 12 million sold. After five generations and 27 model year runs, the Town & Country nameplate was discontinued at the end of the 2016 model year run and was replaced by the 2017 model-year Chrysler Pacifica minivan. Originally planned to be introduced", "title": "Chrysler Town & Country" }, { "id": "2124859", "text": "of this generation continued in China from 2008, when the Taiwanese Chrysler Town & Country production line was relocated there, until late 2010 when the fifth generation Chrysler Voyager was introduced to the Chinese market. The Caravan was subsequently replaced by the Journey, although a page for the Caravan still exists on the Dodge China site. The Chinese Caravan was produced alongside the Town & Country, now using the Grand Voyager nameplate, by Soueast, and did not share any aesthetic components with the North American Caravan aside from the wheels. Instead, the Chinese Caravan was identical to the Taiwanese Town", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "19995569", "text": "Chrysler minivans (RT) The RT-platform Chrysler minivans are a series of passenger minivans marketed by Chrysler starting in model year 2008, the fifth in six generations of Chrysler minivans. Depending on the market, these vans were known as the Dodge Grand Caravan, Chrysler Town & Country, Chrysler Grand Voyager, Lancia Voyager and the Volkswagen Routan, a modified version sold by Volkswagen in North America. Only long wheelbase models were offered with the Dodge Journey replacing the short wheelbase model. While most versions were discontinued in 2016 with the launch of the Chrysler Pacifica minivan, the Grand Caravan remains in production", "title": "Chrysler minivans (RT)" }, { "id": "3690902", "text": "on March 28, 2008. The Dodge Magnum, (along with the short-wheelbase Dodge Caravan), has been replaced by the Dodge Journey. Dodge Magnum The Dodge Magnum is a nameplate used by several Dodge vehicles, prominently as a large coupe marketed from 1978 to 1979 in the United States as well as a rear-wheel drive station wagon introduced in 2004 for the 2005 model year and produced until the end of the 2008 model year and assembled at Brampton Assembly Plant, near Toronto, Ontario, Canada. In Brazil, the Magnum was a top of the line version of the local Dodge Dart from", "title": "Dodge Magnum" }, { "id": "2124838", "text": "variant was introduced alongside the Grand Caravan. Unique to the Caravan C/V was the option of either having the traditional hatch door in the back or the optional swing-out bi-parting doors (with or without windows), similar to those of more traditional cargo vans. These doors were made of fiberglass and required the C/V vans to be \"drop shipped\", as these doors were custom installed by another vendor. Also based on the Mini Ram and C/V were aftermarket conversion vans sold through official Chrysler dealers and from the conversion companies themselves. Both a three-speed TorqueFlite automatic transmission and a five-speed manual", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "3778788", "text": "surfaces, front (or front and rear) bench seats, styled steel fifteen-inch (later sixteen-inch) wheels, and vinyl flooring. It also included, and was only available with, the 3.9L (later 3.7L) V6 engine. The ST was also not offered as a four-door Quad Cab model. The Sport served as the \"step-up\" Dakota model. It added the following features to the ST model: an A/M-F/M stereo with cassette player (later, a single-disc CD player), cloth seating surfaces, sport-styled alloy wheels, and carpeted flooring. It was available with all engines except for the high-performance 5.9L V8 engine. The SXT, introduced for model year 2001,", "title": "Dodge Dakota" }, { "id": "3932256", "text": "Richardson rejoined the band. This version of the group released \"The Battle of Hastings\" in 1995. The group continued to play into the 21st century. They have also achieved steady sales and a fan following with the support of Stuart Maconie' \"Freak Zone\" show on BBC 6 Music. After performing at NEARFest in 2002, they released \"The Unauthorized Breakfast Item\" album in 2003, where David Sinclair was replaced by a returning Jan Schelhaas. An archive collection of BBC sessions from 1968–1975, \"The Show of Our Lives\" was released in 2007. In 2010, Pye Hastings announced that the band had resumed", "title": "Caravan (band)" }, { "id": "2124876", "text": "the European market, the Lancia/Chrysler Voyager will be available in three trim levels (Silver, Gold and Platinum) and two choices of engine: a 3.6-liter V6 petrol unit and a 2.8-liter CRD diesel with particulate filter as standard delivering and . For more information on the European specification Voyager, see Chrysler Voyager. The Ram Cargo Tradesman, or Ram C/V Tradesman, debuted for the 2012 model year, replacing the Dodge Grand Caravan C/V. It is based on the Dodge Grand Caravan, but with solid metal instead of rear windows and a flat load space with of interior storage, and a . cargo", "title": "Dodge Caravan" }, { "id": "9604551", "text": "Caravan (Van Morrison song) \"Caravan\" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and included on his 1970 album, \"Moondance\". It was a concert highlight for several years and was included as one of the songs on Morrison's 1974 acclaimed live album, \"It's Too Late to Stop Now\". It was also performed by Morrison with The Band in the 1978 film by Martin Scorsese entitled \"The Last Waltz\", which commemorates The Band's last concert appearance together before ceasing to tour, on Thanksgiving Day 1976. \"Caravan\" was originally recorded on July 30, 1969 at Mastertone Studios in New York", "title": "Caravan (Van Morrison song)" }, { "id": "7133785", "text": "Ultradrive The Ultradrive is a 4-speed automatic transmission from Chrysler Corporation beginning in 1989, originally paired with the Mitsubishi 3.0 (6G72) engine in vehicles with transverse engines. In 1990, application was expanded to the Chrysler 3.3 & 3.8 V6 engines in Dodge Caravan/Grand Caravan, Plymouth Voyager/Grand Voyager, Chrysler Town & Country, Dodge Dynasty & Chrysler New Yorker. A 6-speed variant was introduced in 2006. The Ultradrive is produced at Kokomo Transmission in Kokomo, Indiana, a plant which still made front wheel drive Chrysler automatic transmissions. The Ultradrive was a significant technological advancement in transmission operation, one of the first electronically", "title": "Ultradrive" }, { "id": "10364293", "text": "a version of Chrysler's GEMA built, World Engine class of four-cylinder engines shared with Hyundai and Mitsubishi. Through 2010, the V6 offered in North America was a with a six-speed automatic transmission, producing and of torque. For 2011, it was changed to the 3.6-liter Pentastar V6, producing and torque.<ref name=\"media.chrysler.com/newsrelease\"></ref> Other markets offer the six-speed automatic transmission with the flex-fuel (E85 compatible) 2.7-liter V6. All-wheel drive is only available with a V6. Also through 2010 a Volkswagen-sourced diesel engine was available outside of North America with an automatically shifted dual clutch transmission. Chrysler performed primary engineering for the dual-clutch transmission", "title": "Dodge Journey" }, { "id": "13572547", "text": "Dodge Caravan, and proved very popular. These vehicles were built on a passenger-car chassis and seated up to seven people as well as being able to hold bulky loads. Chrysler also introduced their \"K-cars\" in the 1980s, which came with front-wheel drive and fuel-efficient OHC engines. In 1987, Chrysler bought American Motors Corporation, which produced the Jeep. This proved to be excellent timing to take advantage of the Sport utility vehicle boom. Ford also began a comeback after losses of $3.3 billion in the early 1980s. In 1985, the company introduced the very successful, aerodynamic Taurus. General Motors, under the", "title": "Automotive industry in the United States" }, { "id": "3932255", "text": "with the band's sound becoming more mainstream. The group signed to Miles Copeland's BTM Records and recorded \"Blind Dog at St. Dunstans\" (1976) which was another minor album hit, but by this point the group were out of step with the prevailing musical trends, and after a final album, \"Better by Far\" (1977) on Arista Records, the group split. Caravan were largely dormant in the 1980s until a 1990 reunion, planned as a one-off for television, reinvigorated their career. The group continued to tour in the early 1990s, before Richard Sinclair left. He was replaced by Jim Leverton, while Geoffrey", "title": "Caravan (band)" }, { "id": "19995385", "text": "253 hp, paired with the 4-speed AutoStick transmission. The Dodge Caravan adapted several styling elements from the Dodge Viper RT/10, including hoodscoops (carried directly over from the Viper), and a redesigned lower fascia that shifted the Dodge \"crosshair\" grille into the lower bumper (with the addition of foglamps from the Viper). The interior featured a performance-oriented theme, with brushed aluminum trim for the trim and door panels, with black leather seats and racing-style pedals.From 2011 to 2016, Dodge produced the Grand Caravan R/T as an trim variant, though the option was largely cosmetic. Derived from the Plymouth Voyager, the Plymouth", "title": "Chrysler minivans (NS)" }, { "id": "1945908", "text": "on the UK Singles Chart, making it the band's highest charting single worldwide. The LP also contained the first cover song on one of their major-label releases—Black Sabbath’s \"Planet Caravan\" which served as the album's closing track and reached #21 on \"Billboard\"s Mainstream Rock Tracks and #26 on the UK Singles Chart. By March the LP had sold over 185,000 copies and had reached #1 on the U.S \"Billboard\" 200 album charts and Australian charts upon release. It remained on the \"Billboard\" 200 for 29 weeks. The album received mixed to positive reviews. \"Rolling Stone\" gave the album four out", "title": "Far Beyond Driven" } ]	when did dodge caravan start stow and go
[ "Middlesbrough", "Sunderland", "Hull City" ]	[ { "id": "19987961", "text": "three points from safety with one game remaining, fellow strugglers Swansea and Southampton still had to play each other, meaning that Stoke would be unable to catch both of those teams and finish fourth from bottom. The game between Swansea and Southampton ended in a 1–0 away win for Southampton, which also meant that despite a five game unbeaten run, West Bromwich Albion became the second team to be relegated to the Championship on 8 May 2018. Following their 1–2 defeat at the hands of Stoke on the final matchday, Swansea City were also relegated. Twenty teams competed in the", "title": "2017–18 Premier League" }, { "id": "19448132", "text": "the bottom four are relegated to the North or South divisions. The champions of the North and South divisions will be promoted to the Premier division, alongside the play-off winners from each division. The bottom three in each of the North and South divisions are relegated to the premier divisions of the Northern Premier League, Isthmian League or Southern League. The fixtures were announced on 6 July 2016. The following teams changed divisions after the 2015–16 season. Solihull Moors were the first team to be promoted after North Ferriby United's 2–0 loss to Stalybridge Celtic on 13 April 2016 clinched", "title": "2016–17 National League" }, { "id": "18318850", "text": "Championship after beating Yeovil Town 5–1 after Preston North End slipped up against Colchester United. On 9 May, Burnley became the first team to be relegated from the Premier League despite winning away 1–0 against Hull City as results on the day went against them. On 10 May, Queens Park Rangers were the second team to be relegated from the Premier League after suffering a 6–0 defeat to Manchester City. On 24 May 2015, Hull City were the 3rd and final team to be relegated from the Premier League, finishing 18th in the Premier League. On the same day Preston", "title": "2015–16 Football League Championship" }, { "id": "20132705", "text": "Hard Rock won the league title after beating St. John's Sports 4–0 on aggregate in their semifinal series. St. John's was the default runner-up. Both St. John's and Hard Rock earned berths into the 2017 CFU Club Championship, but ended up not participating in the competition. A total of 10 teams are taking part in the league. New Hampshire United and GBSS were relegated to the GFA First Division. The two clubs that replaced them were Mount Rich and Gouyave. Mount Rich is returned to the top flight for the first time since 2014, while Gouyave was making their inaugural", "title": "2016 GFA Premier Division" }, { "id": "142691", "text": "and the EFL Championship. The three lowest placed teams in the Premier League are relegated to the Championship, and the top two teams from the Championship promoted to the Premier League, with an additional team promoted after a series of play-offs involving the third, fourth, fifth and sixth placed clubs. The Premier League had 22 teams when it began in 1992, but this was reduced to the present 20-team format in 1995. 49 clubs have played in the Premier League from its inception in 1992, up to and including the 2018–19 season. The following 20 clubs will compete in the", "title": "Premier League" }, { "id": "17882949", "text": "1–0 home win over Crystal Palace. It was their first league title since 2010, their fourth Premier League title and their fifth English league title overall. Holders Manchester City eventually finished second, after a short drop to fourth a few weeks before the final match. Burnley were the first team to be relegated despite beating Hull City 1–0, while Queens Park Rangers suffered the same fate after a 6–0 demolition by Manchester City the next day. Hull City were the third and final team to be relegated after a draw against Manchester United on the final day of the season.", "title": "2014–15 Premier League" }, { "id": "20386909", "text": "the teams relegated from the Premier League last season - Swansea City, West Bromwich Albion, and Stoke City - have managed to join the Championship promotion race yet and stand 10th, 11th, and 17th respectively. Leeds United and Middlesbrough take an early lead in the Championship and stand three points clear of third-placed Bolton Wanderers. Aston Villa, newly-promoted Blackburn Rovers, Derby County, and Sheffield United hold fourth to seventh place on 9 points each, with Derby only ahead of United because of alphabetical order. Reading (23rd) and Ipswich Town share joint bottom, while Birmingham City stand above Queens Park Rangers", "title": "2018–19 in English football" }, { "id": "19245453", "text": "the league – the top seventeen teams from the previous season, as well as the three teams promoted from the Championship. The promoted teams were Burnley, Middlesbrough and play-off winners Hull City, who replaced Aston Villa, Norwich City and Newcastle United. West Ham United played for the first time at the London Stadium, formerly known as the Olympic Stadium. Although having a capacity of 60,010, for the first Premier League game this was limited to 57,000 due to safety fears following persistent standing by fans at West Ham's Europa League game played in early August. Stoke City announced that from", "title": "2016–17 Premier League" }, { "id": "18790476", "text": "bottom of the league. Ex-Coventry City manager Eric Black was put in temporary charge. The club were relegated from the top flight of English football for the first time since the 1986–87 season, following an away loss to Manchester United on 16 April 2016. Summer Total incoming: Undisclosed Summer Winter Summer Total outgoing: Undisclosed Summer Summer Winter Spending Summer: Undisclosed Total: Undisclosed Income Summer: Undisclosed Total: Undisclosed Net expenditure Summer: Undisclosed Total: Undisclosed 2015–16 Aston Villa F.C. season The 2015–16 season was Aston Villa's 24th season in the Premier League and 28th and final consecutive season in the top flight", "title": "2015–16 Aston Villa F.C. season" }, { "id": "20202912", "text": "round. All 92 clubs in the top four divisions of English football participate. In the first round, all the clubs in EFL League Two and EFL League One will enter alongside 22 of the 24 EFL Championship teams except for Hull City and Middlesbrough who received byes to the next round as the highest finishing teams relegated from the 2016–17 Premier League. In the second round, all Premier League clubs not involved in European competition enter. Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur all received byes to the third round owing to their participation in the", "title": "2017–18 EFL Cup" }, { "id": "19499502", "text": "the table. Their total of 27 goals scored throughout the season was the lowest in the Premier League, leading to manager Aitor Karanka's dismissal in March. Caretaker manager Steve Agnew could not improve the team's fortunes as they were mathematically relegated back to the Championship on 8 May 2017 following their 3-0 away defeat to Chelsea, who would go on to become champions. 2016–17 Middlesbrough F.C. season The 2016–17 season was Middlesbrough's fifteenth season in the Premier League, their first since relegation in the 2008–2009 season, after gaining promotion the previous season in their 141st year in existence. Along with", "title": "2016–17 Middlesbrough F.C. season" }, { "id": "6990455", "text": "club moved to the present ground at Miller Park at Little Testwood Farm which is adjacent to AFC Totton. They stayed in the Premier division until 2015 when, due to a lack of funds and a clubhouse and a real lack of people to help, the club got relegated to Division 1. After a great fight back right till the end of the season which saw the club narrowly relegated on the last day of last season. The club currently has the following teams: U9, x2 U14, U15 (Girls), x2 U18, Reserve side & 1st Team and still growing every", "title": "Totton & Eling F.C." }, { "id": "18487240", "text": "be mathematically relegated, after a 1–0 loss at Manchester United on 16 April. On 11 May, Sunderland won 3–0 against Everton, a result which relegated Newcastle United and Norwich City with one game remaining. All of the final fixtures of the season were scheduled for 15 May, and to kick off at the same time. However, Manchester United's home game against Bournemouth was postponed for a future date after Old Trafford was evacuated because of the discovery of a suspicious device, which was destroyed in a controlled explosion. It was confirmed to be an accidental leftover from a training exercise.", "title": "2015–16 Premier League" }, { "id": "18698929", "text": "while the bottom four are relegated to the North or South divisions. The champions of the North and South divisions will be promoted to the Premier division, alongside the play-off winners from each division. The bottom three in each of the North and South divisions are relegated to the premier divisions of the Northern Premier League, Isthmian League or Southern League. On 6 April 2015, it was announced that as of the 2015–16 season the League was to undergo a name change from the Football Conference to the National League. As well as the name change, the league's logo has", "title": "2015–16 National League" }, { "id": "7170749", "text": "claim their third successive league title after drawing 0-0 with Notts County. Birmingham City go down as they draw their final match 0-0 with Southampton while Coventry City and Stoke City both win, and join Notts County and Wolverhampton Wanderers in relegation. Newcastle United are promoted to the First Division behind champions Chelsea, and Sheffield Wednesday. Kevin Keegan announces his retirement from playing at the age of 33. 14 May 1984: Alan Mullery departs Crystal Palace, ostensibly \"by mutual consent\" though Palace players suspect the sack. Meanwhile, Archie Gemmill is one of eight released by Derby County, who will spend", "title": "1983–84 in English football" }, { "id": "5933414", "text": "on 11 March 2016 with critics and former players voicing their favour of the decision. Rafael Benítez was announced as McClaren's successor the same day, signing a three-year deal. Benítez recorded his first victory in 3–0 defeat of Swansea City in the Premier League on the 17th April 2016 after 5 games in charge, and maintained an emphatic 5 game unbeaten streak to the end of the season. Newcastle were however relegated from the Premier League along with Aston Villa and Norwich finishing 18th place, 2 points below safety. Betting websites confirmed after the final game that the club's 5-1", "title": "History of Newcastle United F.C." }, { "id": "19604340", "text": "replaced by three clubs from the 2015–16 Russian National Football League, FC Arsenal Tula, FC Orenburg and FC Tom Tomsk. The 16 teams will play a round-robin tournament whereby each team plays each one of the other teams twice, once at home and once away. Thus, a total of 240 matches will be played, with 30 matches played by each team. The teams that finish 15th and 16th will be relegated to the FNL, while the top 2 in that league will be promoted to the Premier League for the 2016–17 season. The 13th and 14th Premier League teams will", "title": "2016–17 Russian Premier League" }, { "id": "19245452", "text": "title defence; the record had previously been held by Chelsea, who had finished 10th in 2015–16 after winning the title in 2014–15. Burnley, Middlesbrough and Hull City entered as the three promoted teams from the 2015–16 Football League Championship. On 9 February 2016, the Premier League announced a rebrand; beginning with the 2016–17 season, the competition was known simply as the Premier League, without any sponsor's name attached. As part of the rebranding, a new logo was introduced. From the beginning of the 2016–17 season, ticket prices for away fans were capped at £30 per ticket. Twenty teams competed in", "title": "2016–17 Premier League" }, { "id": "20111435", "text": "by the death of Leicester City owner Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha in a helicopter crash outside the King Power Stadium on 27 October 2018, shortly after a 1–1 home draw against West Ham United. Twenty teams compete in the league – the top seventeen teams from the previous season, and three teams promoted from the EFL Championship. The new teams this season are Wolverhampton Wanderers (returning to the top flight after six years), Cardiff City and Fulham (both clubs returning after a four-year absence), who replace Stoke City, West Bromwich Albion and Swansea City, ending spells in the top flight of ten,", "title": "2018–19 Premier League" }, { "id": "9336957", "text": "relegated directly from the Premier Division to the 2009 A Championship after they failed to obtain a First Division license. In 2017, to even up the numbers of clubs in the Premier Division and First Division, the bottom three Premier League teams (25% of the current roster) were relegated and \"only\" the First Division champion were promoted. For 2018, this leaves each division with 10 teams, as opposed to 12 in the Premier Division and 8 in First Division previously.. In 2018 the bottom team will be relegated and the ninth-placed team will take part in a relegation play-off .", "title": "League of Ireland Premier Division" }, { "id": "13557438", "text": "First Divisions to the county level was reduced from the planned two per division to one. Relegation from the Premier Division was reduced from two to one on account of developments in the Conference. The final decision on relegations were made during the close season by the FA's National League System Committee which left this method completely redundant as Chester City, Farsley Celtic (now Farsley A.F.C.), King's Lynn, Grays Athletic (lost their ground), Merthyr Tydfil (expelled), VCD Athletic (ground grade fail) and Rothwell Town (resigned) were all demoted to Level 8. Challenge Cup: Teams from all 3 divisions. President's Cup:", "title": "2009–10 Northern Premier League" }, { "id": "20121291", "text": "while the bottom four are relegated to the North or South divisions. The champions of the North and South divisions will be promoted to the Premier division, alongside the play-off winners from each division. The bottom three in each of the North and South divisions are relegated to the premier divisions of the Northern Premier League, Isthmian League or Southern League. This is the first season to include six teams in the play-offs for each division, with the 4th-7th placed teams participating in the qualifying round and the 2nd and 3rd placed teams qualifying for the semi-finals. The National League", "title": "2017–18 National League" }, { "id": "19191805", "text": "May 2017. The fixtures were announced on 22 June 2016. A total of 24 teams are contesting the league, including 18 sides from the 2015–16 season, three relegated from the 2015–16 Premier League and three promoted from the 2015–16 Football League One. The 2016–17 season is the first in which former European Cup winners Aston Villa are competing outside of the top flight since the beginning of the Premier League era in 1992. Promoted from League One Relegated from Premier League Relegated to League One Promoted to Premier League The four teams that finished from third to sixth played off,", "title": "2016–17 EFL Championship" }, { "id": "7164922", "text": "United as their closest rivals. Liverpool, Chelsea and Arsenal are looking more and more distant a threat in the race to prevent the Premier League trophy from remaining at Old Trafford. At the other end of the table, Sheffield Wednesday and Watford are looking doomed, with Bradford City occupying the final relegation position and Derby County hovering dangerously close to the drop zone. The race for Premier League football next season is headed by Charlton Athletic and Ipswich Town. Barnsley, Manchester City, Huddersfield Town and Birmingham City complete the top six. 2 April 2000 — Aston Villa beat Bolton Wanderers", "title": "1999–2000 in English football" }, { "id": "142676", "text": "old First and Second Divisions with three teams relegated from the league and three promoted. The league held its first season in 1992–93. It was composed of 22 clubs for that season. The first Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United. The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and", "title": "Premier League" }, { "id": "19987960", "text": "League. Despite the defeat, Burnley finished in seventh place, their best finish in English football since 1973–74. This meant they would be entered into the second qualifying round of the Europa League, their first competitive European football campaign in 50 years. Their strong finish led to manager Sean Dyche and defender James Tarkowski being nominated for the Premier League Manager of the Season and Premier League Player of the Season awards respectively. Stoke City were the first team to be relegated to the EFL Championship when they lost 1–2 to Crystal Palace in their penultimate game. Although Stoke were only", "title": "2017–18 Premier League" }, { "id": "15539382", "text": "European qualification is over; the sole remaining aim of the season is to finish above archrivals Liverpool, who are two points behind in eighth. Wolves have already been mathematically relegated, while Blackburn and Bolton (the latter with a game in hand) remain in the bottom three, but QPR, Wigan and Aston Villa are not yet certain of safety. In the Championship, Reading and Southampton have achieved promotion to the Premier League. West Ham, Birmingham, Blackpool and Cardiff will compete in the play-offs, while Portsmouth, Coventry and Doncaster are relegated. 1st: Roy Hodgson of West Bromwich Albion is confirmed as the", "title": "2011–12 in English football" }, { "id": "3112071", "text": "he won the award on 9 January 2017. On 23 February 2017, Ranieri was sacked by Leicester, with the club one point above the relegation zone with 13 matches remaining in the 2016–17 Premier League season. After a first leg 2–1 away loss to Sevilla in the Champions League round of 16, it was reported by the media that senior players had been summoned to meet the Leicester City Chairman Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha, and the outcome of the meeting had sealed Ranieri's fate. However, caretaker manager Craig Shakespeare and players denied that a player revolt had led to Ranieri's dismissal. The", "title": "Claudio Ranieri" }, { "id": "7164908", "text": "— Manchester United retain their lead of the Premier League, with Leeds United now their nearest contenders by a two-point margin. Arsenal, Sunderland and Chelsea complete the top five. Sheffield Wednesday remain bottom after a terrible first two months of the season, while Newcastle United remain second from bottom despite that record-breaking victory 12 days ago, and Wimbledon now occupy the final remaining relegation position. Ipswich Town and Birmingham City are level on points at the top of Division One. Charlton Athletic, Manchester City, Fulham and Barnsley complete the top six. 2 October 1999 — Sheffield Wednesday pull together with", "title": "1999–2000 in English football" }, { "id": "20111436", "text": "eight and seven years respectively. 2018–19 Premier League The 2018–19 Premier League is the 27th season of the Premier League, the top English professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. The season started on 10 August 2018 and is scheduled to finish on 12 May 2019. Fixtures for the 2018–19 season were announced on 14 June 2018. Manchester City are the defending champions. Wolverhampton Wanderers, Cardiff City and Fulham joined as the promoted clubs from the 2017–18 EFL Championship. They replaced West Bromwich Albion, Swansea City and Stoke City who were relegated to the 2018–19 EFL", "title": "2018–19 Premier League" }, { "id": "2170542", "text": "there so just watch yourself. You still might get a slap even though you're a woman. Careful the next time you come in\". Moyes apologised for the incident. The FA wrote to Moyes to ask for his observations on the incident. Later that month, Sunderland were confirmed to be relegated to the EFL Championship for the first time in ten years after a 1–0 loss to Bournemouth, marking the first relegation of Moyes' career. After the match, Moyes stated that he would like to remain as manager. However, on 22 May 2017, one day after the end of the Premier", "title": "David Moyes" }, { "id": "19987962", "text": "league – the top seventeen teams from the previous season and the three teams promoted from the Championship. The promoted teams were Brighton & Hove Albion, Newcastle United and play-off winners Huddersfield Town, who replaced Sunderland, Middlesbrough and Hull City. 2017–18 Premier League The 2017–18 Premier League was the 26th season of the Premier League, the top English professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. The season started on 11 August 2017 and concluded on 13 May 2018. Fixtures for the 2017–18 season were announced on 14 June 2017. Chelsea were the defending champions, while Newcastle", "title": "2017–18 Premier League" }, { "id": "19653521", "text": "14 title run and winning their first title since 1952. As with the previous season, each of the ten Premier Division teams played each other three times for a total of 27 matches each. The tenth-placed team was relegated while the ninth-placed team from the Premier Division entered a playoff with the second-placed team from the Second Division for a spot in the 2017–18 Premier Division. Starting from this season, Gibraltar are granted two spots instead of one in the Europa League. The season also saw the introduction of a Home Grown Player (HGP) rule, forcing clubs in both of", "title": "2016–17 Gibraltar Premier Division" }, { "id": "20707416", "text": "twice on a home and away basis for a total of 22 matches played each. The team with the most points at the end of the season will be declared the winners. The winning club will not be promoted due to \"ring-fencing\" of the Premiership. The bottom two clubs at the end of the season will be relegated to Division 1 (based on geographical location). Last year's champions Merthyr were promoted alongside Swansea, Bargoed and RGC 1404 into the newly formatted 2016-17 Principality Premiership. Bridgend Athletic and Llanharan were relegated into Division 1 West Central and 1 East central respectively.", "title": "2016–17 WRU Championship" }, { "id": "142664", "text": "Premier League The Premier League (often referred to as the English Premier League (EPL) outside England) is the top level of the English football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the English Football League (EFL). The Premier League is a corporation in which the member clubs act as shareholders. Seasons run from August to May with each team playing 38 matches (playing each other home and away). Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons. The Premier League has featured 47 English and two Welsh clubs since its inception,", "title": "Premier League" }, { "id": "19137583", "text": "play-off, to decide who will play in the 2017 Premier Division. \"Drogheda United are promoted to the 2017 Premier Division; Wexford Youths are relegated to the 2017 First Division.\" 2016 League of Ireland Premier Division The 2016 League of Ireland Premier Division was the 32nd season of the League of Ireland Premier Division. The league began on 4 March 2016 and concluded on 28 October 2016; the relegation play-offs followed on 31 October and 4 November 2016. The prize fund for the SSE Airtricity League Premier and First Divisions was €475,500 for the 2016 season. Dundalk were crowned champions for", "title": "2016 League of Ireland Premier Division" }, { "id": "20061518", "text": "the two teams relegated from the Football League the previous season, and neither achieved particular success, finishing 13th and 15 in the league respectively. Through much of the season, both looked more likely to be relegated again than to challenge for promotion and Hartlepool also endured struggles off the field, nearly going out of business altogether. Relegated from the league were Guiseley, Chester, Torquay United and Woking. Guiseley finished bottom of the table, picking up just seven wins and conceding the most goals in the league, seeing them relegated back to the National League North three years after being promoted.", "title": "2017–18 in English football" }, { "id": "9774291", "text": "below. Leyland merged with lower level club BTR in 2000 and adopted the name Leyland and Farington, while Leyland Motors were known as Leyland DAF between 1991 and 2000. Founder members Darwen left the league after the 2016 season. In 2017 promotion and relegation was agreed between the Northern League and Palace Shield and at the end of the season Garstang and Fulwood & Broughton replaced Lancaster and Kendal. Northern Premier Cricket League The Northern Premier Cricket League is a cricket league in the North West of England and was designated as an ECB Premier League in 2000. Prior to", "title": "Northern Premier Cricket League" }, { "id": "19245451", "text": "2016–17 Premier League The 2016–17 Premier League was the 25th season of the Premier League, the top English professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. The season began on 13 August 2016 and concluded on 21 May 2017. Fixtures for the 2016–17 season were announced on 15 June 2016. Chelsea won their fifth Premier League title, and sixth English title, with two matches to spare following a 1–0 away win over West Bromwich Albion on 12 May. The defending champions were Leicester City, who finished 12th, thereby setting a new record for the worst Premier League", "title": "2016–17 Premier League" }, { "id": "7014945", "text": "club were relegated again in 2010–11, but finished second in Division Two the following season to earn an immediate promotion back to Division One. In 2015 the league was renamed the Southern Combination, with Division One becoming the Premier Division. They finished bottom of the Premier Division in 2016–17 and were relegated to Division One. Hailsham Town F.C. Hailsham Town Football Club is a football club based in Hailsham, East Sussex, England. They are currently members of the and play at the Beaconsfield. The club are known locally as 'The Stringers', a nickname which derives from traditional industry in the", "title": "Hailsham Town F.C." }, { "id": "19548310", "text": "and Street applied for promotion to Step 4 for 2017–18. With the news that Gillingham Town were resigning from the Western League for financial reasons at the end of the season, and the fact that the Premier Division is already two clubs short, only one club was relegated. The First Division was increased from 21 clubs to 22, and featured three new clubs after the promotion of Chipping Sodbury and Wells City to the Premier Division: 2016–17 Western Football League The 2016–17 Western Football League season (known as the 2016–17 Toolstation Western Football League for sponsorship reasons) was the 115th", "title": "2016–17 Western Football League" }, { "id": "6626713", "text": "The Championship relegation zone is unchanged. 1 March 2008: Colchester United's former England striker Teddy Sheringham, who turns 42 next month and is the oldest professional footballer in the country, announces that he will retire from playing at the end of the season, calling time on a 26-year playing career. 29 March 2008: Derby County's relegation is confirmed after they can only manage a 2–2 draw at home to fellow Premier League strugglers Fulham – the earliest relegation to be confirmed in all 16 seasons of the Premier League. 31 March 2008: Manchester United have established a five-point lead over", "title": "2007–08 in English football" }, { "id": "20876870", "text": "the regular season. Al-Sareeh returned to the Premier League for the first time since the 2016–17 season. Teams relegated to the 2018–19 Division 1 The first team to be relegated was Mansheyat Bani Hasan, following their 2–4 defeat against Shabab Al-Ordon on 26 April 2018, ending their 2-year stay in the top flight. The second team to be relegated was Al-Yarmouk, ending their 1-year stay in the top flight. <section begin=map /><section end=map /> The number of foreign players is limited to 3 per team, and should not be a goalkeeper. The following table lists the positions of teams after", "title": "2018–19 Jordanian Pro League" }, { "id": "20257010", "text": "as champions of the previous year. Wimbledon were also promoted from the league after winning a play-off against National League 3 South West runners-up, Dings Crusaders. Amersham and Chiltern, Chichester and Colchester were all relegated from the league due to finishing in the relegation places. Promoted into the league are Tring as champions of London 1 North and Sidcup as winners of London 1 South. The final promoted team is Tunbridge Wells who finished second in London 1 South and defeated Chingford in a promotion play-off to earn back-to-back promotions and play at Level 5 for the first time in", "title": "2017–18 London & South East Premier" }, { "id": "3253047", "text": "play-off place (see below) is at stake, when the teams are separated by a play-off game, though this improbable situation has never arisen in all the years the rule has existed. At the end of the season, the top two teams and the winner of the Championship play-offs are promoted to the Premier League and the bottom three teams are relegated to Football League One. The Football League Championship play-offs is a knock-out competition for the teams finishing the season in third to sixth place with the winner being promoted to the Premier League. In the play-offs, the third-placed team", "title": "EFL Championship" }, { "id": "20111434", "text": "2018–19 Premier League The 2018–19 Premier League is the 27th season of the Premier League, the top English professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. The season started on 10 August 2018 and is scheduled to finish on 12 May 2019. Fixtures for the 2018–19 season were announced on 14 June 2018. Manchester City are the defending champions. Wolverhampton Wanderers, Cardiff City and Fulham joined as the promoted clubs from the 2017–18 EFL Championship. They replaced West Bromwich Albion, Swansea City and Stoke City who were relegated to the 2018–19 EFL Championship. The season was marred", "title": "2018–19 Premier League" }, { "id": "7155357", "text": "Hughes and Brian McClair. Howard Kendall resigned three years into his second spell as Everton manager and was replaced by Norwich City's Mike Walker. They looked set for relegation from the Premiership on the final day of the season as they were 2–0 down to Wimbledon – just seven years after they had been league champions – but turned the tables on their opponents to win 3–2 and beat the drop. Sheffield United went down instead. Swindon Town, in the top division for the first time, were relegated from the Premiership after collecting just five wins, conceding 100 goals in", "title": "1993–94 in English football" }, { "id": "142717", "text": "Premier League and the Football League. Since its split with the Football League, many established clubs in the Premier League have managed to distance themselves from their counterparts in lower leagues. Owing in large part to the disparity in revenue from television rights between the leagues, many newly promoted teams have found it difficult to avoid relegation in their first season in the Premier League. In every season except 2001–02, 2011–12 and 2017–18, at least one Premier League newcomer has been relegated back to the Football League. In 1997–98, all three promoted clubs were relegated at the end of the", "title": "Premier League" }, { "id": "690172", "text": "the relegation zone. On the eve of the final day of the season on 24 May, where all fixtures are played simultaneously, Newcastle faced the prospect of being relegated to the Championship, along with Hull City, Middlesbrough and Sunderland, which would end their 16-year unbroken spell in the Premier League. After losing 1–0 at Aston Villa with Damien Duff scoring an own goal, Newcastle were relegated with local rivals Middlesbrough, joining West Bromwich Albion whose relegation had been confirmed in previous weeks, while Sunderland and Hull City survived. Shearer's eight games yielded only five points out of a possible twenty-four.", "title": "Alan Shearer" }, { "id": "7029324", "text": "league reorganisation. In 2004 the league merged into the Wessex League, with the club becoming members of Division Two, which was renamed Division One in 2006. In 2015–16 they were Division One runners-up, and were promoted to the Premier Division. After finishing third-from-bottom of the Premier Division in 2017–18, the club were relegated back to Division One. Amesbury Town F.C. Amesbury Town Football Club is a football club based in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England. They are currently members of the and play at Bonnymead Park. The club was established in 1904 as Amesbury Football Club. They joined the Salisbury & District", "title": "Amesbury Town F.C." }, { "id": "19987927", "text": "& AFC license requirement, Sarawak and Penang alongside Felda United and T-Team altogether 4 teams relegated to premier league for 2018. Which saw Negeri Sembilan and PKNP promoted to 2018 super league replacing demoted T-team and Felda united. After Kuala Lumpur and Terengganu advanced as 2017 premier league winners and runners up. By following the AFC,FAM rules and condition Terengganu and T Team later rebrand as Terengganu FC II are disallowed to compete in same league/division since they acted as reserve team/feeder team to Terengganu FC I. The same law applied to JDT I and JDT II where they need", "title": "2017 Sarawak FA season" }, { "id": "18487233", "text": "teams from the 2014–15 Football League Championship. Leicester City won the championship for the first time in their 132-year history, becoming the 24th club to become English football champions, and the sixth club to win the Premier League. Many commentators consider this to be one of the greatest sports shocks in history, especially considering that Leicester City spent much of the previous season in the relegation zone before finishing 14th. Leicester City were the surprise of the season. Following their late escape from relegation in the previous season many pundits had predicted that they would be relegated and bookmakers gave", "title": "2015–16 Premier League" }, { "id": "19245454", "text": "the 2016–17 season onward the Britannia Stadium would be renamed to the bet365 Stadium. Tottenham Hotspur played at White Hart Lane with a reduced capacity, due to the north east corner of the stadium being dismantled to help facilitate building works for their new stadium being built adjacently. Player scored 4 goals; (H) – Home ; (A) – Away 2016–17 Premier League The 2016–17 Premier League was the 25th season of the Premier League, the top English professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. The season began on 13 August 2016 and concluded on 21 May", "title": "2016–17 Premier League" }, { "id": "18953159", "text": "Association decided to hold a championship game at the National Stadium on June 15, although the match was later postponed and played on August 11 at Molepolole Stadium in Molepolole. Motlakase Power Dynamos, BR Highlanders and Satmos finished in the bottom three spots, respectively, and will be relegated to the Botswana First Division for the 2016–17 season. Teams promoted from Botswana First Division North and South Teams relegated to Botswana First Division North and South Township Rollers were docked 7 points for playing ineligible player Ofentse Nato. Miscellaneous SC and Police XI were each awarded 3 points in the decision", "title": "2015–16 Botswana Premier League" }, { "id": "19631732", "text": "is in danger of relegation until the 2018–19 season. After a two-season absence spent in the WRU Championship, Swansea returned to the Premiership finishing as runners-up in the 2015–16 WRU Championship. Also promoted to the Premiership, for the first time, were Championship winners Merthyr, Bargoed and RGC 1404, who narrowly finished above Pontypool to deny them a return to the Premiership after demotion in 2012. After 15 rounds, the table is split into a top 8 and bottom 8 and points are reset to zero. Each team now plays each other team once, either home or away, in their respective", "title": "2016–17 Principality Premiership" }, { "id": "15302012", "text": "of over 18,000. Sunderland's best U18 Premier League finish was in 2015–16 when they finished fifth. In 2016–17, the U21 Premier League was rebranded \"Premier League 2\", and was widened to U23 level. A second division was added, with Promotion and relegation between the two. Sunderland finished seventh in the first season of the Premier League 2, but finished second bottom (ahead of Manchester United) in the 2017–18 season, and were relegated to Division 2. Selected players who came through Sunderland youth system. \"1966 onwards\" Previously called Sunderland 'A', Sunderland II, Sunderland Reserves and Sunderland U21s, the Sunderland U23 team", "title": "Sunderland A.F.C. Reserves and Academy" }, { "id": "18976230", "text": "2015–16 South African Premier Division The 2015–16 South African Premier Division season (known as the ABSA Premiership for sponsorship reasons) is the twentieth season of the Premier Soccer League since its establishment in 1996. Mamelodi Sundowns won their seventh league title in dominant fashion, finishing 14 points ahead of second-place BV Wits. League newcomers Jomo Cosmos fell into last place for the first all year in their final game and will be relegated to the National First Division for the 2016-17 season. Football teams in South Africa tend to use multiple stadiums over the course of a season for their", "title": "2015–16 South African Premier Division" }, { "id": "18757066", "text": "from the previous season, and five new clubs: AFC Sudbury won the division and were promoted to the Premier Division for the first time in their history. Harlow Town won the play-offs and returned to the Premier Division after seven seasons of absence. Barkingside and Redbridge, both reprieved in the previous season, finished bottom of the table and were relegated, while Wroxham were reprieved from relegation as the best eighth level club finished in the relegation zone due to lack of promoting ninth level clubs. Division One South consisted of 24 clubs: 20 clubs from the previous season, and four", "title": "2015–16 Isthmian League" }, { "id": "20144958", "text": "a row. Whilst Canterbury finished one off the bottom and survived the relegation playoffs for the 3rd time in a row as Loughborough Students were relegated having just got up into the top flight last season. Sevenoaks beat Team Bath Buccaneers and Durham University to secure promotion and go up to the top flight next season in the men's competition. In the women's Reading got relegated and Buckingham beat Wimbledon and Brooklands Poynton to secure promotion, as Bowdon Hightown won the group to keep their place in the Premier League. The Men's Cup was won by Reading with the biggest", "title": "2016–17 England Hockey League season" }, { "id": "7155427", "text": "are still under threat of relegation. Crystal Palace and Nottingham Forest will be playing Premier League football next season after sealing promotion from Division One, a year after relegation. The playoff zone is occupied by Tranmere Rovers, Leicester City, Derby County and Millwall, but there is still a chance of Notts County or Wolverhampton Wanderers ousting Millwall from the playoff places. The last game is played in front of Liverpool's Spion Kop before it is rebuilt as an all-seater stand. 1 May 1994 – Manchester United complete a back-to-back FA Premier League title triumph after their nearest rivals Blackburn Rovers", "title": "1993–94 in English football" }, { "id": "20235586", "text": "by both relegated teams from the 2016–17 Welsh Premier League, Airbus UK Broughton and Rhyl. The bottom four teams from the previous season, Llanfair United, Mold Alexandra, Conwy Borough and Buckley Town, were all relegated to various third-tier district leagues for 2017–18. Three teams were successful in the 2016–17 Welsh third-tier leagues and were promoted in their place: Llandudno Junction (Welsh Alliance League runners-up, champions Glantraeth declined promotion), Queens Park (Welsh National League champions) and Rhayader Town (Mid Wales Football League champions). On 27 July 2017, Rhayader Town withdrew from the league, citing that their players were unwilling to commit", "title": "2017–18 Cymru Alliance" }, { "id": "17211938", "text": "Premier League club Sunderland, on a five-year contract, for a club record transfer fee (excluding add-ons) of £13.6 million. He made his debut on 12 September 2016, in a 3–0 defeat to Everton. Ndong was a key member of the Sunderland team in his initial season and scored his first goal for Sunderland, on 4 February 2017 in a 4–0 win over Crystal Palace. The club were later relegated to the Championship for the first time in ten years, following a 1–0 loss to Bournemouth at the Stadium of Light on 29 April 2017. He initially stayed with Sunderland following", "title": "Didier Ibrahim Ndong" }, { "id": "3450391", "text": "Longford Town F.C. Longford Town Football Club () is an Irish football club playing in the League of Ireland First Division. The club, founded in 1924 and elected to the league in 1984, is based in Longford, County Longford and play their home matches at Strokestown Road, which for sponsorship reasons is also known as 'City Calling Stadium'. Club colours are red and black, and the club goes by the nickname 'De Town'. In October 2016, the club's senior side suffered relegation from the Premier Division at the end of a very disappointing 2016 season. Previously 'the Town' was promoted", "title": "Longford Town F.C." }, { "id": "7164681", "text": "but Manchester United are a point behind with a game in hand. Chelsea and Leeds United remain in distant contention, while the final European place is being contested by Aston Villa, West Ham United, Middlesbrough, Derby County, Liverpool and Leicester City. Nottingham Forest's inevitable relegation has now been confirmed, with Southampton, Charlton Athletic, Blackburn Rovers, Coventry City, Everton and Sheffield Wednesday all in the battle of avoid going down as well. Sunderland are definitely in the Premier League next season, as champions of Division One. Bradford City and Ipswich Town are level on points in the race for second place,", "title": "1998–99 in English football" }, { "id": "19343948", "text": "2016 Nigeria Professional Football League The 2016 Nigeria Professional Football League (referred to as the Nigerian Glo premier league for sponsorship reasons) is the 45th season of the Nigeria Premier League, the top Nigerian professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1972, and the 26th since the rebranding of the league as the \"Professional League\". Enugu Rangers won their seventh league title and first since 1984. Giwa, Heartland, Ikorodu United and Warri Wolves finished as the bottom four teams in the standings and will be relegated to Nigeria National League for the 2017 season. A total of", "title": "2016 Nigeria Professional Football League" }, { "id": "4326880", "text": "Defoe hinted that he may leave Sunderland, if the club were to be relegated at the end of the 2016–17 Premier League. He was linked with a possible transfer to Newcastle United, and potential returns to former clubs Bournemouth and West Ham United. Sunderland's relegation was confirmed later that month. On 23 June, it was confirmed that Defoe had signed a contract with Bournemouth on a free transfer, leaving Sunderland on 1 July. He had previously played for the club in the 2000–01 season, on loan from West Ham United. On 16 September 2017, Defoe scored the winning goal and", "title": "Jermain Defoe" }, { "id": "18801951", "text": "from the 2014–15 Russian National Football League, FC Krylia Sovetov Samara and FC Anzhi Makhachkala. The 16 teams will play a round-robin tournament whereby each team plays each one of the other teams twice, once at home and once away. Thus, a total of 240 matches will be played, with 30 matches played by each team. The teams that finish 15th and 16th will be relegated to the FNL, while the top 2 in that league will be promoted to the Premier League for the 2016–17 season. The 13th and 14th Premier League teams will play the 4th and 3rd", "title": "2015–16 Russian Premier League" }, { "id": "17336695", "text": "director of football. 19 June 2013: The 2013–14 Premier League fixtures are released, giving Newcastle a tough trip to face runners-up Manchester City, who had appointed Manuel Pellegrini as manager the previous week. On the same day, Derek Llambias resigned as managing director following Joe Kinnear's appointment. 27 June 2013: Defender Danny Simpson leaves for relegated Queens Park Rangers on a free transfer and signs a three-year deal with the west Londoners. 3 July 2013: Defensive midfielder James Perch leaves for Wigan Athletic, another side relegated from the Premier League, for £750,000. 4 July 2013: 16-year-old Olivier Kemen signs for", "title": "2013–14 Newcastle United F.C. season" }, { "id": "18886088", "text": "from the Premier Division will enter a playoff with the second-placed team from the Second Division for a spot in the 2016–17 Premier Division. After the 2014–15 season no teams were relegated, and both Gibraltar United and Angels were promoted as champions and runners-up of the 2014–15 Gibraltar Second Division, when the league expands to ten teams this season. Teams play each other twice. Teams play each other once. At the end of the season, the ninth-placed team from the Premier Division, Britannia XI, entered a play-off with Mons Calpe, the second-placed team from the Second Division for a spot", "title": "2015–16 Gibraltar Premier Division" }, { "id": "4258398", "text": "competitions. In fourth place came Arsenal, who achieved success in European competition with a 1–0 win over Parma in the Cup Winners' Cup final. Swindon Town managed just five league wins all season and were relegated in bottom place having conceded 100 league goals in 42 games. Oldham Athletic, who had avoided relegation on goal difference the previous season, were relegated on the final day of the season after failing to win at Norwich City. The final relegation place went to Sheffield United, who were relegated from the top flight after a 3–2 defeat at Chelsea, with the winning goal", "title": "1993–94 FA Premier League" }, { "id": "15539368", "text": "League after having overcome City's five-point lead, although City have a game in hand. Tottenham Hotspur remain in third, six points adrift of United but with a game in hand, while Arsenal have moved into the crucial fourth place for the first time this season, at the expense of Chelsea. Liverpool and Newcastle complete the top seven. Bolton Wanderers end the year bottom of the Premier League; Blackburn Rovers (who were bottom on Christmas) and Wigan Athletic remain in the relegation zone, although the pressure is building up on Wolverhampton Wanderers and QPR. In the Championship, Southampton remain top and", "title": "2011–12 in English football" }, { "id": "17233169", "text": "an immediate relegation back to the Championship, despite breaking the 30-point mark. Their season had begun reasonably well, but quickly imploded after promotion-winning manager Malky Mackay was controversially sacked after a fall-out with club owner Vincent Tan. Ole Gunnar Solskjær was drafted in, but was unable to save the Welsh side from the drop despite some positive results. Fulham's 13-year stay in the Premier League came to a disastrous end after a season in which they employed three different managers (Martin Jol, René Meulensteen and Felix Magath) and conceded 85 goals, the most out of the bottom 3 and the", "title": "2013–14 in English football" }, { "id": "9594830", "text": "immediately travelled to their Maine Road ground to play a league fixture against Leeds. Manchester City won that match 2–1, but failed to win the following Saturday and were relegated to the Second Division. In doing so they became the first cup finalists ever to be relegated in the same season, a fate since shared by 1969 finalist Leicester City, 1983 finalist Brighton & Hove Albion, 2010 finalist Portsmouth and 2013 winners Wigan Athletic. The final was the last time Albert Alexander's committee selected the team. Peter Hodge had agreed to join the club as manager well in advance of", "title": "1926 FA Cup Final" }, { "id": "19020712", "text": "2015–16 Namibia Premier League The 2015–16 Namibia Premier League is the 27th season of top-tier football in Namibia. The season started on 11 September 2014. Tigers won their first championship since the league's first season in 1985, clinching the title with a week to go and finishing nine points ahead of runners up Black Africa. United Stars, Julinho Sporting and Flamingo finished in the bottom three spots and will be relegated to the First Division for the 2016-2017 season. A total of 16 teams will contest the league. Touch & Go F.C., Rebels F.C. and Benfica F.C. were each relegated", "title": "2015–16 Namibia Premier League" }, { "id": "20061495", "text": "relegation after poor starts to the season, but they rallied after the respective appointments of Sam Allardyce and Claude Puel, only missing out on the Europa League late on in the season. For only the third time in Premier League history, all three promoted teams avoided the drop. Newcastle United finished highest, a final day win against Chelsea earning them a tenth-place finish after a poor run of form. Brighton & Hove Albion's first top-flight campaign since 1983 saw the \"Seagulls\" finish below them, never being seriously threatened with immediate relegation despite a few scares. However, arguably the biggest surprise", "title": "2017–18 in English football" }, { "id": "5987170", "text": "Division of the newly formed Shropshire County Cricket League but were relegated to Division One at the end of that season. In 2015 Shelton finished second in Division One, gaining promotion to the Premier Division and ending a spell of three years outside the top division. However at the end of the 2016 season they finished bottom of the Premier Division and were relegated back to Division One for the 2017 season. Shelton, Shropshire Shelton is a suburb of Shrewsbury in Shropshire, England, described by the Pevsner Architectural Guides as \"Shrewsbury's principal interwar suburb.\" It was once a village of", "title": "Shelton, Shropshire" }, { "id": "18391302", "text": "of Royal Challengers Bangalore was the tournament's leading run-scorer with 973 runs and Bhuvneshwar Kumar of Sunrisers Hyderabad was the leading wicket-taker of the tournament with 23 wickets. Eight teams contested the season. Two teams, Rising Pune Supergiants and Gujarat Lions, based in Pune and Rajkot were new to the tournament, replacing the Chennai Super Kings and Rajasthan Royals franchises which had been suspended until 2017. The schedule for the tournament was published on 10 March 2016. The league stage, consisting of 56 matches, took place between 9 April and 22 May 2016. The top four teams qualified for the", "title": "2016 Indian Premier League" }, { "id": "19776451", "text": "2016–17 Bermudian Premier Division The 2016–17 season of the Bermudian Premier Division (also known as the \"Cingular Wireless Premier Division\" for sponsorship reasons) is the 54th season of top-tier football in Bermuda. It started on 25 September 2016 and will finish on 19 March 2017. Dandy Town Hornets are the defending champions, having won their 8th top tier title last season. At the end of the 2015–16 season, Southampton Rangers and Hamilton Parish were relegated after finishing 9th and 10th in the competition. They were replaced by the champions and runners-up of the First Division, Somerset Eagles and Flanagan's Onions.", "title": "2016–17 Bermudian Premier Division" }, { "id": "19776452", "text": "2016–17 Bermudian Premier Division The 2016–17 season of the Bermudian Premier Division (also known as the \"Cingular Wireless Premier Division\" for sponsorship reasons) is the 54th season of top-tier football in Bermuda. It started on 25 September 2016 and will finish on 19 March 2017. Dandy Town Hornets are the defending champions, having won their 8th top tier title last season. At the end of the 2015–16 season, Southampton Rangers and Hamilton Parish were relegated after finishing 9th and 10th in the competition. They were replaced by the champions and runners-up of the First Division, Somerset Eagles and Flanagan's Onions.", "title": "2016–17 Bermudian Premier Division" }, { "id": "7144349", "text": "Premier Division. They went on to finish second in the Premier Division in 2005–06. The club were Premier Division champions in 2011–12 and were promoted to the Midland Alliance. However, they were relegated back to the West Midlands (Regional) League Premier Division at the end of the 2013–14 season. In 2016–17 they finished bottom of the Premier Division and were relegated to Division One. Gornal Athletic F.C. Gornal Athletic Football Club is a football club based in Lower Gornal, Dudley, in the West Midlands county in England. They are currently members of the and play at the Garden Walk Stadium.", "title": "Gornal Athletic F.C." }, { "id": "457795", "text": "to Stoke City in January 2017 for a fee of £12 million. West Bromwich Albion F.C. West Bromwich Albion Football Club ) is a football club in West Bromwich, West Midlands, England. The club was formed in 1878 and has played at its home ground, The Hawthorns, since 1900. Albion currently play in the Championship, the second tier of English football, having been relegated from the Premier League in 2017–18. Albion were one of the founding members of the Football League in 1888, and have spent the majority of their existence in the top tier of English football. They have", "title": "West Bromwich Albion F.C." }, { "id": "3072536", "text": "16 years, despite finishing behind bitter rivals Southampton, who recovered from the sudden resignation of Gordon Strachan in March to finish 12th. Newly promoted Leicester City and Wolverhampton Wanderers both went down after just one season (Wolves not gaining one away win all season), while Leeds United's Premiership status was crushed under a multi-million pound debt which had been mounting relentlessly for the best part of three years, as their relegation ultimately became a matter of when rather than if, ending their top-flight membership after 14 successive seasons among the elite. Leading goalscorer: Thierry Henry (Arsenal) – 30 The top", "title": "2003–04 in English football" }, { "id": "19471188", "text": "and Burgess Hill Town were reprieved from relegation. On 12 May 2016 the league constitution was announced. The Premier Division featured six new clubs: Havant & Waterlooville were pronounced champions of the Premier Division on 22 April 2017. On 12 May 2016 the league constitution was announced. Wroxham were reprieved from relegation as a level 8 club with the best record among clubs finishing in the relegation zone, due to insufficient level 9 teams available for promotion. One Division One North club were moved to the parallel division: Cray Wanderers were transferred to Division One South. Thus, Division One North", "title": "2016–17 Isthmian League" }, { "id": "18706826", "text": "were subject to approval by the DNCG before becoming eligible to participate. Originally, only two teams were planned to be relegated at the end of the season. However, this proposal was appealed and eventually overturned, so as in past seasons, three teams are to be relegated. Evian, Metz and Lens were relegated to Ligue 2 at the conclusion of the 2014–15 season. Troyes, Gazelec Ajaccio and Angers were promoted to the top level. Troyes returned after being relegated in 2013–14 season. Gazelec Ajaccio secured their second consecutive promotion and joined Ligue 1 for the first time in the club's history.", "title": "2015–16 Ligue 1" }, { "id": "9065101", "text": "Capeverdean Football Federation (FCF) officially revoked the award to Juventus Assomada and its 2-4 result was kept and also declared AJAC regional champions on May 17 and qualifies into the national competition as the suspended player in a 16th round match was not fielded and scored not a single goal that match, Juventus Assomada was relegated as they were officially 11th place for the season. AJAC's manager said justice is protected in sports. As three clubs were relegated for the 2017-18 season to the Second Division, the Premier Division had its last club reduction which reduced it to ten, tying", "title": "Santiago North Premier Division" }, { "id": "11852460", "text": "Fulham complete the top seven who will qualify for Europe club competitions for next this season. West Bromwich Albion, Newcastle United and Middlesbrough occupy the relegation zone. Birmingham City and Sheffield United the final two teams in contention for automatic promotion to the Premier League, while playoff qualification is being contested between Reading, Cardiff City, Burnley and Preston North End. 2 May 2009: Chester City are relegated to the Conference. resulting in the loss of league status for second time. 2 May 2009: Wycombe Wanderers and Exeter City won promotion to League One. 3 May 2009: Birmingham City are Promoted", "title": "2008–09 in English football" }, { "id": "17113307", "text": "draw in two of their last three matches, combined with Manchester City winning their final five league matches, ultimately meant they finished in second place with 84 points. Chelsea finished third and Arsenal, who led the table for the longest period, finished fourth. Manchester United had a disappointing season attempting to defend their title and ended up seventh, a then-joint worst performance for Premier League holders. Norwich City, Fulham, and Cardiff City finished in the bottom three and were relegated to the Football League Championship. Luis Suárez won the scoring title with 31 goals, and was also named Player of", "title": "2013–14 Premier League" }, { "id": "3168633", "text": "their home stadium and once at that of their opponents for a total of 30 games for each club. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a defeat. The champion and runners up of the Premier Division advances to the CAF Champions League, while the third-place finishers and the Nedbank Cup champions advance to the CAF Confederation Cup, which is the African equivalent of the UEFA Europa League. The bottom team in the ABSA Premiership is automatically relegated and replaced by the winner of the National First Division. The", "title": "South African Premier Division" }, { "id": "7155394", "text": "scores a hat-trick in a 4–2 home league win over Southampton. 31 October 1993 – Manchester United end October as Premier League leaders with an 11-point margin over their nearest rivals Norwich City, Arsenal, Blackburn Rovers and Aston Villa who are all bracketed together on points. Swindon are still bottom of the league and their winless run has now stretched to 13 games, while Southampton and Sheffield Wednesday are still in the relegation zone. Liverpool have improved after last season's wobbles to occupy seventh place. Charlton Athletic are top of Division One, with Leicester City occupying second place. The playoff", "title": "1993–94 in English football" }, { "id": "20659775", "text": "while the bottom four are relegated to the North or South divisions. The champions of the North and South divisions will be promoted to the Premier division, alongside the play-off winners from each division. The bottom four in each of the North and South divisions are relegated to the premier divisions of the Northern Premier League, Southern Football League (Central or Eastern) or Isthmian League. The National League consists of 24 clubs. The following clubs changed divisions after the 2017–18 season: Despite a 2–1 defeat to Boston United on 21 April 2018, Salford City became 2017–18 National League North champions", "title": "2018–19 National League" }, { "id": "20132355", "text": "May 2017. The Premier Division features 20 teams, the same as the previous season, after St Blazey were relegated to Division One East, and Tiverton Town Reserves left the league. Three new clubs joined the league: Reserve sides are not eligible for promotion to Step 5. Any Step 6 club without ground grading Grade G were to be relegated to Step 7. Godolphin Atlantic and Stoke Gabriel passed the ground grading requirements with a dispensation that certain works had to be completed by 30 September 2018, or those clubs will face a financial penalty. Potential demotion at the end of", "title": "2017–18 South West Peninsula League" }, { "id": "4176416", "text": "at the new Wembley Stadium, pitted West Brom against Portsmouth, the only remaining Premier League team left in the FA Cup. Portsmouth won the match 1–0 with the only goal of the game coming from Kanu. Mowbray won the Championship manager of the month award for April, as well as the League Managers Association manager of the year award. After a poor 2008–09 season, West Bromwich were relegated from the Premier League, finishing 20th. Mowbray was still thought highly of by the fans, however, and this was evidenced by them wearing Mowbray masks at their last game of the season.", "title": "Tony Mowbray" }, { "id": "19477601", "text": "third time. Scott Dann, James McArthur, James Tomkins and Andros Townsend scored for Palace with Marko Arnautović scoring a last minute consolation. The result kept Stoke rock bottom of the Premier League and increased the pressure on Mark Hughes. Following their EFL Cup exit to Hull City, Stoke came up against midlands rivals West Bromwich Albion and former manager Tony Pulis, who was in charge of his 1,000th match. In what was a hard fought encounter, Stoke took the lead in the 73rd minute through Joe Allen's first goal for the Potters. Stoke, however, were unable to see out their", "title": "2016–17 Stoke City F.C. season" }, { "id": "13296744", "text": "Premier League for the last four seasons – Liverpool will now finish sixth or seventh, while Tottenham Hotspur or Manchester City will seal the final Champions League place. West Ham United's 3–2 defeat at Fulham means that they will go into the final match of the season knowing that a heavy defeat at home to Manchester City and a heavy win for Hull City at home to Liverpool could see them slide out of the Premier League on goal difference. In the Championship relegation crunch, Sheffield Wednesday go down after only managing a 2–2 draw at home to Crystal Palace,", "title": "2009–10 in English football" }, { "id": "7155409", "text": "of the relegation zone at the expense of Manchester City. In Division One, Crystal Palace and Charlton Athletic lead the race for promotion to the Premier League. The playoff zone is occupied by Millwall, Leicester City, Tranmere Rovers and Nottingham Forest. Wolverhampton Wanderers are on the comeback trail after a run of dismal form before Christmas, and are now just two points and two places outside the playoff zone. 2 February 1994 – Newcastle United pay a club record £2.5million for Norwich City winger Ruel Fox. 5 February 1994 – Having scored only one league goal all season before now,", "title": "1993–94 in English football" }, { "id": "17223842", "text": "will be promoted to the Premier division, alongside the play-off winners from each division. The bottom three in each of the North and South divisions are relegated to the premier divisions of the Northern Premier League, Isthmian League or Southern League. Skrill will sponsor the Conference for this season and the divisions will now be known as the Skrill Premier, the Skrill North and the Skrill South. Skrill terminated the sponsorship deal early, meaning a new title sponsor must be found for next season. A total of 24 teams contest the division, including 18 sides from last season, two relegated", "title": "2013–14 Football Conference" }, { "id": "13396890", "text": "Premier League for a surviving team with 34. On the final day of the 2007–08 Premier League season, Derby County had long-since been relegated in bottom place after experiencing the worst season in Premier League history (the Rams only won a single game all season, going an astonishing 1-8-29), but the other two relegation spots were still yet to be filled, and four teams could go down: Birmingham City, Bolton Wanderers, Fulham and Reading. Fulham were level on points with Reading but had slightly a better goal difference. Matches kicked off at 16:00 GMT. In the end Birmingham City went", "title": "Survival Sunday" }, { "id": "9299826", "text": "club. He also felt that Benítez was the right man to keep the club in the Premier League. On 11 May 2016, Newcastle United were relegated for the second time under the ownership of Ashley, after local rivals Sunderland beat Everton 3–0. As of October 2014, Ashley owned an 8.92% stake in Rangers International Football Club (RIFC), the parent company of Scottish football club Rangers. The Scottish Football Association has rejected Ashley's request to raise his shareholding in RIFC to 29.9%, due to the fact he already owns a large amount of Newcastle United shares, which was seen as a", "title": "Mike Ashley (businessman)" }, { "id": "10336758", "text": "day, leaving the Tigers bottom of the Premier League and three points adrift of safety. On 5 January 2017, the club announced the appointment of Marco Silva as the new head coach until the end of the 2016–17 season. Hull were relegated back to the Championship on 14 May 2017, following their 4–0 away defeat to Crystal Palace. On 25 May 2017, following relegation from the Premier League manager Marco Silva resigned. On 9 June 2017, the club announced the appointment of Leonid Slutsky as head coach. On 3 December 2017, Leonid Slutsky and Oleg Yarovinsky left the club by", "title": "History of Hull City A.F.C." }, { "id": "19191806", "text": "with the winning team, Huddersfield Town, gaining the final promotion spot to the Premier League. In the play-off semi-finals the third-placed team played the sixth-placed team and the fourth-placed team played the fifth-placed team. The team that finished in the higher league position played away in the first leg and played at home in the second leg. If the aggregate score was level after both legs, then extra time was played. If the scores were still level, a penalty shoot-out decided the winner. The away goals rule does not apply in the playoffs. The winners from the two semi-finals played", "title": "2016–17 EFL Championship" } ]	who will get relegated from the premier league 2016/17
[ "mericarp" ]	[ { "id": "8290120", "text": "Carrot The carrot (\"Daucus carota\" subsp. \"sativus\") is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist. Carrots are a domesticated form of the wild carrot, \"Daucus carota\", native to Europe and southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Persia and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds. The most commonly eaten part of the plant is the taproot, although the stems and leaves are eaten as well. The domestic carrot has been selectively bred for its greatly enlarged, more palatable, less woody-textured taproot. The carrot is a biennial plant in the", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290133", "text": "or fairly flat to concave, and when cupped it resembles a bird's nest. The fruit that develops is a schizocarp consisting of two mericarps; each mericarp is a true seed. The paired mericarps are easily separated when they are dry. Premature separation (shattering) before harvest is undesirable because it can result in seed loss. Mature seeds are flattened on the commissural side that faced the septum of the ovary. The flattened side has five longitudinal ribs. The bristly hairs that protrude from some ribs are usually removed by abrasion during milling and cleaning. Seeds also contain oil ducts and canals.", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290128", "text": "after germination. Subsequent leaves are alternate (with a single leaf attached to a node), spirally arranged, and pinnately compound, with leaf bases sheathing the stem. As the plant grows, the bases of the seed leaves, near the taproot, are pushed apart. The stem, located just above the ground, is compressed and the internodes are not distinct. When the seed stalk elongates for flowering, the tip of the stem narrows and becomes pointed, and the stem extends upward to become a highly branched inflorescence up to tall. Most of the taproot consists of a pulpy outer cortex (phloem) and an inner", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290127", "text": "to colonial America in the 17th century. Outwardly purple carrots, still orange on the inside, were sold in British stores beginning in 2002. \"Daucus carota\" is a biennial plant. In the first year, its rosette of leaves produces large amounts of sugars, which are stored in the taproot to provide energy for the plant to flower in the second year. Soon after germination, carrot seedlings show a distinct demarcation between taproot and stem: the stem is thicker and lacks lateral roots. At the upper end of the stem is the seed leaf. The first true leaf appears about 10–15 days", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290124", "text": "increase sweetness and minimise the woody core; this process produced the familiar garden vegetable. When they were first cultivated, carrots were grown for their aromatic leaves and seeds rather than their roots. Carrot seeds have been found in Switzerland and Southern Germany dating back to 2000–3000 BC. Some close relatives of the carrot are still grown for their leaves and seeds, such as parsley, cilantro, coriander, fennel, anise, dill and cumin. The first mention of the root in classical sources is from the 1st century AD; the Romans ate a root vegetable called \"pastinaca\", which may have been either the", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "5567769", "text": "Edible plant stem Edible plant stems are one part of plants that are eaten by humans. Most plants are made up of stems, roots, leaves, flowers, and produce fruits containing seeds. Humans most commonly eat the seeds (e.g. maize, wheat), fruit (e.g. tomato, avocado, banana), flowers (e.g. broccoli), leaves (e.g. lettuce, spinach, and cabbage), roots (e.g. carrots, beets), and stems (e.g. asparagus, ginger) of many plants. There are also a few edible petioles (also known as leaf stems) such as celery or rhubarb. Plant stems have a variety of functions. Stems support the entire plant and have buds, leaves, flowers,", "title": "Edible plant stem" }, { "id": "8290131", "text": "of five petals, five stamens, and an entire calyx. The stamens usually split and fall off before the stigma becomes receptive to receive pollen. The stamens of the brown, male, sterile flowers degenerate and shrivel before the flower fully opens. In the other type of male sterile flower, the stamens are replaced by petals, and these petals do not fall off. A nectar-containing disc is present on the upper surface of the carpels. Flowers change sex in their development, so the stamens release their pollen before the stigma of the same flower is receptive. The arrangement is centripetal, meaning the", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290149", "text": "help them see better at night and in 1942 there was a 100,000 ton surplus of carrots from the extra production. Carrot The carrot (\"Daucus carota\" subsp. \"sativus\") is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist. Carrots are a domesticated form of the wild carrot, \"Daucus carota\", native to Europe and southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Persia and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds. The most commonly eaten part of the plant is the taproot, although the stems and leaves are eaten as well. The domestic carrot", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290135", "text": "is the main compound responsible for bitterness in carrots. Other compounds such as pyrrolidine (present in the leaves), 6-hydroxymellein, 6-methoxymellein, eugenin, 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (gazarin) or (Z)-3-acetoxy-heptadeca-1,9-diene-4,6-diin-8-ol (falcarindiol 3-acetate) can also be found in carrot. Carrots are grown from seed and can take up to four months (120 days) to mature, but most cultivars mature within 70 to 80 days under the right conditions. They grow best in full sun but tolerate some shade. The optimum temperature is . The ideal soil is deep, loose and well-drained, sandy or loamy, with a pH of 6.3 to 6.8. Fertilizer should be applied according", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290121", "text": "umbellifer family Apiaceae. At first, it grows a rosette of leaves while building up the enlarged taproot. Fast-growing cultivars mature within three months (90 days) of sowing the seed, while slower-maturing cultivars are harvested four months later (120 days). The roots contain high quantities of alpha- and beta-carotene, and are a good source of vitamin K and vitamin B6, but the belief that eating carrots improves night vision is a myth put forward by the British in World War II to mislead the enemy about their military capabilities. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) reports that world production", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "9109773", "text": "Carrot seed oil Carrot seed oil is the essential oil extract of the seed from the carrot plant \"Daucus carota\". The oil has a woody, earthy sweet smell and is yellow or amber-coloured to pale orange-brown in appearance. The pharmocologically active constituents of carrot seed extract are three flavones: luteolin, luteolin 3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and luteolin 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Rather than the extract the distilled (ethereal) oil is used in perfumery and food aromatization. The main constituent of this oil is carotol. Pressed carrot seed oil is extracted by cold-pressing the seeds of the carrot plant. The properties of pressed carrot seed oil are", "title": "Carrot seed oil" }, { "id": "8290132", "text": "oldest flowers are near the edge and the youngest flowers are in the center. Flowers usually first open at the outer edge of the primary umbel, followed about a week later on the secondary umbels, and then in subsequent weeks in higher-order umbels. The usual flowering period of individual umbels is 7 to 10 days, so a plant can be in the process of flowering for 30–50 days. The distinctive umbels and floral nectaries attract pollinating insects. After fertilization and as seeds develop, the outer umbellets of an umbel bend inward causing the umbel shape to change from slightly convex", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "9109774", "text": "quite different from those of the essential oil. It can be made into lotion, and helps heal boils and ulcers. It can treat the liver, gallbladder and lymph system. Carrot seed oil Carrot seed oil is the essential oil extract of the seed from the carrot plant \"Daucus carota\". The oil has a woody, earthy sweet smell and is yellow or amber-coloured to pale orange-brown in appearance. The pharmocologically active constituents of carrot seed extract are three flavones: luteolin, luteolin 3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and luteolin 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Rather than the extract the distilled (ethereal) oil is used in perfumery and food aromatization. The", "title": "Carrot seed oil" }, { "id": "5567772", "text": "of these also require preparation (as do many domestic plants, such as the potato), so it is wise to read up on the plant before experimenting with eating it. Edible plant stem Edible plant stems are one part of plants that are eaten by humans. Most plants are made up of stems, roots, leaves, flowers, and produce fruits containing seeds. Humans most commonly eat the seeds (e.g. maize, wheat), fruit (e.g. tomato, avocado, banana), flowers (e.g. broccoli), leaves (e.g. lettuce, spinach, and cabbage), roots (e.g. carrots, beets), and stems (e.g. asparagus, ginger) of many plants. There are also a few", "title": "Edible plant stem" }, { "id": "1483337", "text": "Caraway Caraway, also known as meridian fennel, and Persian cumin (\"Carum carvi\"), is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa. The plant is similar in appearance to other members of the carrot family, with finely divided, feathery leaves with thread-like divisions, growing on stems. The main flower stem is tall, with small white or pink flowers in umbels. Caraway fruits (erroneously called seeds) are crescent-shaped achenes, around long, with five pale ridges. The etymology of caraway is complex and poorly understood. Caraway has been called by many names in different regions, with", "title": "Caraway" }, { "id": "8290134", "text": "Seeds vary somewhat in size, ranging from less than 500 to more than 1000 seeds per gram. The carrot is a diploid species, and has nine relatively short, uniform-length chromosomes (2\"n\"=18). The genome size is estimated to be 473 mega base pairs, which is four times larger than \"Arabidopsis thaliana\", one-fifth the size of the maize genome, and about the same size as the rice genome. Polyacetylenes can be found in Apiaceae vegetables like carrots where they show cytotoxic activities. Falcarinol and falcarindiol (\"cis\"-heptadeca-1,9-diene-4,6-diyne-3,8-diol) are such compounds. This latter compound shows antifungal activity towards \"Mycocentrospora acerina\" and \"Cladosporium cladosporioides\". Falcarindiol", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "484410", "text": "area of growth of the embryo, while the lower or micropylar pole produces the stalk-like suspensor that attaches to the micropyle. The suspensor absorbs and manufactures nutrients from the endosperm that are used during the embryo's growth. The main components of the embryo are: Monocotyledonous plants have two additional structures in the form of sheaths. The plumule is covered with a coleoptile that forms the first leaf while the radicle is covered with a coleorhiza that connects to the primary root and adventitious roots form from the sides. Here the hypocotyl is a rudimentary axis between radicle and plumule. The", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "8290129", "text": "core (xylem). High-quality carrots have a large proportion of cortex compared to core. Although a completely xylem-free carrot is not possible, some cultivars have small and deeply pigmented cores; the taproot can appear to lack a core when the colour of the cortex and core are similar in intensity. Taproots are typically long and conical, although cylindrical and nearly-spherical cultivars are available. The root diameter can range from to as much as at the widest part. The root length ranges from , although most are between . Flower development begins when the flat meristem changes from producing leaves to an", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "1483343", "text": "in the summer. This results in fruits that contain higher levels of essential oils than those produced in other main growing areas which include Canada, the Netherlands, Egypt, and central Europe. Caraway Caraway, also known as meridian fennel, and Persian cumin (\"Carum carvi\"), is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa. The plant is similar in appearance to other members of the carrot family, with finely divided, feathery leaves with thread-like divisions, growing on stems. The main flower stem is tall, with small white or pink flowers in umbels. Caraway fruits (erroneously", "title": "Caraway" }, { "id": "5528938", "text": "Pumpkin seed A pumpkin seed, also known as a pepita (from the Mexican , \"little seed of squash\"), is the edible seed of a pumpkin or certain other cultivars of squash. The seeds are typically rather flat and asymmetrically oval, and light green in color and may have a white outer hull. Some cultivars are hulless, and are grown only for their seed. The seeds are nutrient-rich, with especially high content of protein, dietary fiber and numerous micronutrients. The word can refer either to the hulled kernel or unhulled whole seed, and most commonly refers to the roasted end product.", "title": "Pumpkin seed" }, { "id": "484403", "text": "Seed A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering . The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants. Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after fertilization by pollen and some growth within the mother plant. The embryo is developed from the zygote and the seed coat from the integuments of the ovule. Seeds have been an important development in the reproduction and success of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants, relative to more primitive plants such as ferns, mosses and liverworts,", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "19036910", "text": "Husk Husk (or hull) in botany is the outer shell or coating of a seed. It often refers to the leafy outer covering of an ear of maize (corn) as it grows on the plant. Literally, a husk or hull includes the protective outer covering of a seed, fruit, or vegetable. It can also refer to the exuvia of bugs or small animals left behind after moulting. In cooking, hull can also refer to other waste parts of fruits and vegetables, notably the cap or sepal of a strawberry. The husk of a legume and some similar fruits is called", "title": "Husk" }, { "id": "484419", "text": "grow under proper conditions. The embryo has one cotyledon or seed leaf in monocotyledons, two cotyledons in almost all dicotyledons and two or more in gymnosperms. In the fruit of grains (caryopses) the single monocotyledon is shield shaped and hence called a scutellum. The scutellum is pressed closely against the endosperm from which it absorbs food, and passes it to the growing parts. Embryo descriptors include small, straight, bent, curved and curled. Within the seed, there usually is a store of nutrients for the seedling that will grow from the embryo. The form of the stored nutrition varies depending on", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "3421816", "text": "Taproot A taproot is a large, central, and dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally. Typically a taproot is somewhat straight and very thick, is tapering in shape, and grows directly downward. In some plants, such as the carrot, the taproot is a storage organ so well developed that it has been cultivated as a vegetable. The taproot system contrasts with the adventitious or fibrous root system of plants with many branched roots, but many plants that grow a taproot during germination go on to develop branching root structures, although some that rely on the main root for storage", "title": "Taproot" }, { "id": "484411", "text": "seeds of corn are constructed with these structures; pericarp, scutellum (single large cotyledon) that absorbs nutrients from the endosperm, plumule, radicle, coleoptile and coleorhiza—these last two structures are sheath-like and enclose the plumule and radicle, acting as a protective covering. The maturing ovule undergoes marked changes in the integuments, generally a reduction and disorganisation but occasionally a thickening. The seed coat forms from the two integuments or outer layers of cells of the ovule, which derive from tissue from the mother plant, the inner integument forms the tegmen and the outer forms the testa. (The seed coats of some mononocotyledon", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "484427", "text": "from the outer integument in the vicinity of the micropyle), spines, or tubercles. A scar also may remain on the seed coat, called the hilum, where the seed was attached to the ovary wall by the funicle. Just below it is a small pore, representing the micropyle of the ovule. Seeds are very diverse in size. The dust-like orchid seeds are the smallest, with about one million seeds per gram; they are often embryonic seeds with immature embryos and no significant energy reserves. Orchids and a few other groups of plants are mycoheterotrophs which depend on mycorrhizal fungi for nutrition", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "8290130", "text": "uplifted, conical meristem capable of producing stem elongation and a cluster of flowers. The cluster is a compound umbel, and each umbel contains several smaller umbels (umbellets). The first (primary) umbel occurs at the end of the main floral stem; smaller secondary umbels grow from the main branch, and these further branch into third, fourth, and even later-flowering umbels. A large, primary umbel can contain up to 50 umbellets, each of which may have as many as 50 flowers; subsequent umbels have fewer flowers. Individual flowers are small and white, sometimes with a light green or yellow tint. They consist", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "11602156", "text": "the inner part of the peel and is commonly removed before eating. In citron fruit, where the mesocarp is the most prominent part, it is used to produce succade. Endocarp (from Greek: \"endo-\", \"inside\" + \"-carp\", \"fruit\") is a botanical term for the inside layer of the pericarp (or fruit), which directly surrounds the seeds. It may be membranous as in citrus where it is the only part consumed, or thick and hard as in the stone fruits of the family Rosaceae such as peaches, cherries, plums, and apricots. In nuts, it is the stony layer that surrounds the kernel", "title": "Fruit anatomy" }, { "id": "8290136", "text": "to soil type because the crop requires low levels of nitrogen, moderate phosphate and high potash. Rich or rocky soils should be avoided, as these will cause the roots to become hairy and/or misshapen. Irrigation is applied when needed to keep the soil moist. After sprouting, the crop is eventually thinned to a spacing of and weeded to prevent competition beneath the soil. There are several diseases that can reduce the yield and market value of carrots. The most devastating carrot disease is \"Alternaria\" leaf blight, which has been known to eradicate entire crops. A bacterial leaf blight caused by", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "6550385", "text": "the soil to prevent erosion. The seeds of plantain are a common contaminant in cereal grain and other crop seeds. As a result, it now has a worldwide distribution. The leaves are edible as a salad green when young and tender, but they quickly become tough and fibrous as they get older. The older leaves can be cooked in stews. The leaves contain calcium and other minerals, with 100 grams of plantain containing approximately the same amount of vitamin A as a large carrot. The seeds are so small that they are tedious to gather, but they can be ground", "title": "Plantago major" }, { "id": "484417", "text": "and black, other colours are infrequent. The surface varies from highly polished to considerably roughened. The surface may have a variety of appendages (see Seed coat). A seed coat with the consistency of cork is referred to as suberose. Other terms include crustaceous (hard, thin or brittle). A typical seed includes two basic parts: In addition, the endosperm forms a supply of nutrients for the embryo in most monocotyledons and the endospermic dicotyledons. Seeds have been considered to occur in many structurally different types (Martin 1946). These are based on a number of criteria, of which the dominant one is", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "484418", "text": "the embryo-to-seed size ratio. This reflects the degree to which the developing cotyledons absorb the nutrients of the endosperm, and thus obliterate it. Six types occur amongst the monocotyledons, ten in the dicotyledons, and two in the gymnosperms (linear and spatulate). This classification is based on three characteristics: embryo morphology, amount of endosperm and the position of the embryo relative to the endosperm. In endospermic seeds, there are two distinct regions inside the seed coat, an upper and larger endosperm and a lower smaller embryo. The embryo is the fertilised ovule, an immature plant from which a new plant will", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "484424", "text": "locust and coconut), or fleshy as in the sarcotesta of pomegranate. The seed coat helps protect the embryo from mechanical injury, predators and drying out. Depending on its development, the seed coat is either bitegmic or unitegmic. Bitegmic seeds form a testa from the outer integument and a tegmen from the inner integument while unitegmic seeds have only one integument. Usually parts of the testa or tegmen form a hard protective mechanical layer. The mechanical layer may prevent water penetration and germination. Amongst the barriers may be the presence of lignified sclereids. The outer integument has a number of layers,", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "8290139", "text": "into two broad classes, eastern carrots and western carrots. A number of novelty cultivars have been bred for particular characteristics. \"Eastern\" (a European and American continent reference) carrots were domesticated in Persia (probably in the lands of modern-day Iran and Afghanistan within West Asia) during the 10th century, or possibly earlier. Specimens of the \"eastern\" carrot that survive to the present day are commonly purple or yellow, and often have branched roots. The purple colour common in these carrots comes from anthocyanin pigments. The western carrot emerged in the Netherlands in the 17th century, There is a popular belief that", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "484422", "text": "oil), \"Croton\" and Poppy. The endosperm is called \"horny\" when the cell walls are thicker such as date and coffee, or \"ruminated\" if mottled, as in nutmeg, palms and Annonaceae. In most monocotyledons (such as grasses and palms) and some (endospermic or albuminous) dicotyledons (such as castor beans) the embryo is embedded in the endosperm (and nucellus), which the seedling will use upon germination. In the non-endospermic dicotyledons the endosperm is absorbed by the embryo as the latter grows within the developing seed, and the cotyledons of the embryo become filled with stored food. At maturity, seeds of these species", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "484423", "text": "have no endosperm and are also referred to as exalbuminous seeds. The exalbuminous seeds include the legumes (such as beans and peas), trees such as the oak and walnut, vegetables such as squash and radish, and sunflowers. According to Bewley and Black (1978), Brazil nut storage is in hypocotyl, this place of storage is uncommon among seeds. All gymnosperm seeds are albuminous. The seed coat develops from the maternal tissue, the integuments, originally surrounding the ovule. The seed coat in the mature seed can be a paper-thin layer (e.g. peanut) or something more substantial (e.g. thick and hard in honey", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "18619922", "text": "Tordylium Tordylium is a genus of flowering plants in the carrot family (Apiaceae). Members of the genus are known as hartworts. \"Tordylium\" species are annuals or biennials, covered in long hairs. Their stems may be hollow or almost solid. The basal leaves are more-or-less undivided, and have usually disappeared when the plant flowers. The stem leaves are once pinnate. The flowers have persistent sepals and white petals, with those on one side much longer than the other. The fruits are about as long as they are wide. Their side ridges have whitish wings. Species assigned to the genus were first", "title": "Tordylium" }, { "id": "8290138", "text": "of splitting include wide plant spacing, early sowing, lengthy growth durations, and genotype. Carrots benefit from strongly scented companion plants. The pungent odour of onions, leeks and chives help repel the carrot root fly, and other vegetables that team well with carrots include lettuce, tomatoes and radishes, as well as the herbs rosemary and sage. Carrots thrive in the presence of caraway, coriander, chamomile, marigold and Swan River daisy. They can also be good companions for other plants; if left to flower, the carrot, like any umbellifer, attracts predatory wasps that kill many garden pests. Carrot cultivars can be grouped", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "13095081", "text": "Lomatium parryi Lomatium parryi, commonly known as Parry's biscuitroot and Utah desertparsley, is a perennial herb in the carrot family. It is a common herb in high altitude areas of deserts and common in desert National parks, such as Death Valley mountains, in the western part of the United States. The species epithet \"parryi\" honors Charles Christopher Parry (1823-1890), the first official botanist for the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a collector with the Pacific Railway Survey. \"Lomatium parryi\" is a plant that grows from a taproot. The flowering stems are usually stout or and with hollow internodes. The plant", "title": "Lomatium parryi" }, { "id": "634569", "text": "pulp produced from the ovary of a single flower. It is fleshy throughout, except for the seeds. It does not have a special \"line of weakness\" along which it splits to release the seeds when ripe (i.e. it is indehiscent). A berry may develop from an ovary with one or more carpels (the female reproductive structures of a flower). The seeds are usually embedded in the fleshy interior of the ovary, but there are some non-fleshy examples such as peppers, with air rather than pulp around their seeds. The differences between the everyday and botanical uses of \"berry\" results in", "title": "Berry" }, { "id": "11005123", "text": "the machine where the tops are cut off and sent along a waste path and dropped back on to the field. A share lifter uses a share to get the carrots out of the ground from underneath. The machine must be preceded by a topper to cut the green tops off the carrot plants. The carrots travel along a longer web to separate out the soil. The carrot roots travel along one or more webs to remove most of the soil attached to the carrot. The carrots are collected either in a storage tank on the machine or in a", "title": "Carrot harvester" }, { "id": "11602152", "text": "forms the edible tissue around the seeds. In other fruits such as \"Citrus\" stone fruits (\"Prunus\") only some layers of the pericarp are eaten. In accessory fruits, other tissues develop into the edible portion of the fruit instead, for example the receptacle of the flower in strawberries. In fleshy fruits, the pericarp is typically made up of three distinct layers: the epicarp (also known as exocarp), which is the outermost layer; the mesocarp, which is the middle layer; and the endocarp, which is the inner layer surrounding the ovary or the seeds. In a citrus fruit, the epicarp and mesocarp", "title": "Fruit anatomy" }, { "id": "11005122", "text": "Carrot harvester A carrot harvester is an agricultural machine for harvesting carrots. Carrot harvesters are either top lifters or share lifters and may be tractor mounted, trailed behind a tractor or self-propelled. The machine typically harvests between one and six rows of carrots at once. The two types of harvesters differ in how they get the carrots from the ground. Top lifters use rubber belts to grab the green tops of the carrot plant and pull them from the soil. A share pushes under the carrot root and loosens the plant. The belt takes the carrots, with tops, in to", "title": "Carrot harvester" }, { "id": "19763463", "text": "Potato fruit The potato fruit is the part of the potato plant that after flowering, produces a poisonous green cherry tomato-like fruit. After flowering, potato plants produce small green fruits that resemble green cherry tomatoes, each containing about 300 seeds. Like all other parts of the plant except the tubers, the fruit contain the toxic alkaloid solanine and are therefore unsuitable for consumption. All new potato varieties are grown from seeds, also called \"true potato seed\", \"TPS\" or \"botanical seed\" to distinguish it from seed tubers. New varieties grown from seed can be propagated vegetatively by planting tubers, pieces of", "title": "Potato fruit" }, { "id": "484426", "text": "the mechanical layer is the endotegmen, then the seed is endotestal. The exotesta may consist of one or more rows of cells that are elongated and pallisade like (e.g. Fabaceae), hence 'palisade exotesta'. In addition to the three basic seed parts, some seeds have an appendage, an aril, a fleshy outgrowth of the funicle (funiculus), (as in yew and nutmeg) or an oily appendage, an elaiosome (as in \"Corydalis\"), or hairs (trichomes). In the latter example these hairs are the source of the textile crop cotton. Other seed appendages include the raphe (a ridge), wings, caruncles (a soft spongy outgrowth", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "484405", "text": "are sometimes sold commercially while still enclosed within the hard wall of the fruit, which must be split open to reach the seed. Different groups of plants have other modifications, the so-called stone fruits (such as the peach) have a hardened fruit layer (the endocarp) fused to and surrounding the actual seed. Nuts are the one-seeded, hard-shelled fruit of some plants with an indehiscent seed, such as an acorn or hazelnut. Seeds are produced in several related groups of plants, and their manner of production distinguishes the angiosperms (\"enclosed seeds\") from the gymnosperms (\"naked seeds\"). Angiosperm seeds are produced in", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "745", "text": "not a nut but a drupe. The outer covering or exocarp, fleshy in other members of \"Prunus\" such as the plum and cherry, is instead a thick, leathery, grey-green coat (with a downy exterior), called the hull. Inside the hull is a reticulated, hard, woody shell (like the outside of a peach pit) called the endocarp. Inside the shell is the edible seed, commonly called a nut. Generally, one seed is present, but occasionally two occur. After the fruit matures, the hull splits and separates from the shell, and an abscission layer forms between the stem and the fruit so", "title": "Almond" }, { "id": "13095082", "text": "grows 20 to 40 centimeters tall. The hairy, basal leaves are divided into many small segments. The yellow flowers are borne in an umbel only one or two centimeters wide. Like most other plants, the flowers are pollinated by insects. The fruits are schizocarp, which are flat and wide with lateral wings. They split into two halves, each one seeded. \"Lomatium parryi\" is a plant that was consumed by early Native Americans. Lomatium parryi Lomatium parryi, commonly known as Parry's biscuitroot and Utah desertparsley, is a perennial herb in the carrot family. It is a common herb in high altitude", "title": "Lomatium parryi" }, { "id": "2551580", "text": "scaly plates, becoming increasingly fissured with age. The leaves (\"needles\") are thinner and more flexible in western populations (see 'Taxonomy' section below). The ovulate and pollen cones appear from May to June. The mature seed cones are 5–10 cm (rarely to 11 cm) long, with rounded scales; they ripen from green to pale grey-buff or yellow-buff in September to November, about 18 months after pollination. The seeds are dark grey, 6–8 mm long, with a yellow-buff wing 20–25 mm long; they are wind-dispersed when the cones open from December to April. maturity is reached at 15–40 years; large seed crops", "title": "Pinus nigra" }, { "id": "19763465", "text": "not normally produced on the potato plant: this was due to the cool weather in July that year. Potato fruit The potato fruit is the part of the potato plant that after flowering, produces a poisonous green cherry tomato-like fruit. After flowering, potato plants produce small green fruits that resemble green cherry tomatoes, each containing about 300 seeds. Like all other parts of the plant except the tubers, the fruit contain the toxic alkaloid solanine and are therefore unsuitable for consumption. All new potato varieties are grown from seeds, also called \"true potato seed\", \"TPS\" or \"botanical seed\" to distinguish", "title": "Potato fruit" }, { "id": "2013820", "text": "Carotenoid Carotenoids (), also called tetraterpenoids, are organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria and fungi. Carotenoids give the characteristic color to carrots, corn, canaries, and daffodils, as well as egg yolks, rutabagas, buttercups, and bananas. Carotenoids can be produced from fats and other basic organic metabolic building blocks by all these organisms. The only animals known to produce carotenoids are aphids and spider mites, which acquired the ability and genes from fungi or it is produced by endosymbiotic bacteria in whiteflies. Carotenoids from the diet are stored in the fatty tissues of", "title": "Carotenoid" }, { "id": "2042690", "text": "Daucus carota Daucus carota, whose common names include wild carrot, bird's nest, bishop's lace, and Queen Anne's lace (North America), is a white, flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate regions of Europe and southwest Asia, and naturalized to North America and Australia. Domesticated carrots are cultivars of a subspecies, \"Daucus carota\" subsp. \"sativus\". The wild carrot is a herbaceous, somewhat variable biennial plant that grows between tall, and is roughly hairy, with a stiff, solid stem. The leaves are tripinnate, finely divided and lacy, and overall triangular in shape. The leaves are bristly and alternate in a", "title": "Daucus carota" }, { "id": "10982", "text": "Apiaceae Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus \"Apium\" and commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,700 species in 434 genera including such well-known and economically important plants such as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, hemlock, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip, sea holly, and silphium (a plant whose identity is unclear and which may be extinct). The Apiaceae family includes a significant number of phototoxic species", "title": "Apiaceae" }, { "id": "8290146", "text": "preserves. Carrot juice is also widely marketed, especially as a health drink, either stand-alone or blended with juices extracted from fruits and other vegetables. Highly excessive consumption over a period of time results in a condition of carotenemia which is a yellowing of the skin caused by a build up of carotenoids. Raw carrots are 88% water, 9% carbohydrates, 0.9% protein, 2.8% dietary fiber, 1% ash and 0.2% fat. Carrot dietary fiber comprises mostly cellulose, with smaller proportions of hemicellulose, lignin and starch. Free sugars in carrot include sucrose, glucose, and fructose. The carrot gets its characteristic, bright orange colour", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "19036913", "text": "dehulling is still often done by hand using a large mortar and pestle. These are usually made of wood, and operated by one or more people. The husk is biodegradable and may be composted. Husk Husk (or hull) in botany is the outer shell or coating of a seed. It often refers to the leafy outer covering of an ear of maize (corn) as it grows on the plant. Literally, a husk or hull includes the protective outer covering of a seed, fruit, or vegetable. It can also refer to the exuvia of bugs or small animals left behind after", "title": "Husk" }, { "id": "6611279", "text": "Carrot juice Carrot juice is juice produced from carrots. Carrot juice has a particularly high content of β-carotene, a source of vitamin A, but it is also high in B complex vitamins like folate, and many minerals including calcium, copper, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron. A pound (454 g) of carrots will yield about a cup of juice (about 236 ml), which is a low yield compared to fruits like apples and oranges. However, carrot pulp is very tough; the main difficulty in juicing carrots is in separating the pulp from the juice. Like many products high in beta-carotene, it", "title": "Carrot juice" }, { "id": "8290142", "text": "Only 3 percent of the β-carotene in raw carrots is released during digestion: this can be improved to 39% by pulping, cooking and adding cooking oil. Alternatively they may be chopped and boiled, fried or steamed, and cooked in soups and stews, as well as baby and pet foods. A well-known dish is \"carrots julienne\". Together with onion and celery, carrots are one of the primary vegetables used in a \"mirepoix\" to make various broths. The greens are edible as a leaf vegetable, but are rarely eaten by humans; some sources suggest that the greens contain toxic alkaloids. When used", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "484408", "text": "two male gametes with the egg cell and the central cell to form the primary endosperm and the zygote. Right after fertilization, the zygote is mostly inactive, but the primary endosperm divides rapidly to form the endosperm tissue. This tissue becomes the food the young plant will consume until the roots have developed after germination. After fertilization the ovules develop into the seeds. The ovule consists of a number of components: The shape of the ovules as they develop often affects the final shape of the seeds. Plants generally produce ovules of four shapes: the most common shape is called", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "2979", "text": "style of growing is often used in classrooms for education. Many desert annuals are therophytes, because their seed-to-seed life cycle is only weeks and they spend most of the year as seeds to survive dry conditions. In cultivation, many food plants are, or are grown as, annuals, including virtually all domesticated grains. Some perennials and biennials are grown in gardens as annuals for convenience, particularly if they are not considered cold hardy for the local climate. Carrot, celery and parsley are true biennials (divarsiya) that are usually grown as annual crops for their edible roots, petioles and leaves, respectively. Tomato,", "title": "Annual plant" }, { "id": "8290125", "text": "carrot or the closely related parsnip. The plant is depicted and described in the Eastern Roman Juliana Anicia Codex, a 6th-century AD Constantinopolitan copy of the Greek physician Dioscorides' 1st-century pharmacopoeia of herbs and medicines, De Materia Medica. Three different types of carrots are depicted, and the text states that \"the root can be cooked and eaten\". The plant was introduced into Spain by the Moors in the 8th century. In the 10th century, roots from West Asia, India and Europe were purple. The modern carrot originated in Afghanistan at about this time. The 11th-century Jewish scholar Simeon Seth describes", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290141", "text": "with turnips) was 42.7 million tonnes, with China producing 48% of the world total (20.5 million tonnes, table). Other major producers were the European Union, Uzbekistan, Russia, the United States, and Ukraine. Carrots can be stored for several months in the refrigerator or over winter in a moist, cool place. For long term storage, unwashed carrots can be placed in a bucket between layers of sand, a 50/50 mix of sand and wood shavings, or in soil. A temperature range of 32 to 40 °F (0 to 5 °C) is best. Carrots can be eaten in a variety of ways.", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "11602158", "text": "rate of germinating seeds. Fruit anatomy Fruit anatomy is the plant anatomy of the internal structure of fruit. Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. In fleshy fruits, the outer layer (which is often edible) is the \"pericarp\", which is the tissue that develops from the ovary wall of the flower and surrounds the seeds. But in some seemingly pericarp fruits, the edible portion is not derived from the ovary. For example, in the fruit of the ackee tree the edible portion is an aril, and in the pineapple several tissues from the flower and", "title": "Fruit anatomy" }, { "id": "5905592", "text": "Seedling A seedling is a young plant sporophyte developing out of a plant embryo from a seed. Seedling development starts with germination of the seed. A typical young seedling consists of three main parts: the radicle (embryonic root), the hypocotyl (embryonic shoot), and the cotyledons (seed leaves). The two classes of flowering plants (angiosperms) are distinguished by their numbers of seed leaves: monocotyledons (monocots) have one blade-shaped cotyledon, whereas dicotyledons (dicots) possess two round cotyledons. Gymnosperms are more varied. For example, pine seedlings have up to eight cotyledons. The seedlings of some flowering plants have no cotyledons at all. These", "title": "Seedling" }, { "id": "6608552", "text": "called a caryopsis. Maize kernels are frequently and incorrectly referred to as seeds. The kernels are about the size of peas, and adhere in regular rows round a white, pithy substance, which forms the ear. About 82 percent of the corn kernel’s dry weight consists of endosperm. Starch is the primary source and it most widely used part of the kernel. It is known as the key component in fuel, sweeteners, bioplastics and other products. The germ is the only living part of the corn kernel and also called its embryo. It consists the important genetic information, vitamin, enzymes and", "title": "Corn kernel" }, { "id": "484425", "text": "generally between four and eight organised into three layers: (a) outer epidermis, (b) outer pigmented zone of two to five layers containing tannin and starch, and (c) inner epidermis. The endotegmen is derived from the inner epidermis of the inner integument, the exotegmen from the outer surface of the inner integument. The endotesta is derived from the inner epidermis of the outer integument, and the outer layer of the testa from the outer surface of the outer integument is referred to as the exotesta. If the exotesta is also the mechanical layer, this is called an exotestal seed, but if", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "5308863", "text": "manner. Its margin has a distinct broader that is revolute, rolled backward from the tip or margins to the undersurface, towards the hilar. The hilar pertains the hilum, which is a scar on a seed indicating the point of attachment to the funiculus, the stalk connecting a seed with the placenta. The seed measures 3.5 to 3.9 mm in length by 1.5 to 1.8 mm in width. The testa, the outer and normally hard and protective layer of the seed, is smooth. The coma of \"Pachypodium brevicaule\" Baker is straw-colored at 13 to 21 mm long. A coma is usually", "title": "Pachypodium brevicaule" }, { "id": "771603", "text": "two microsporangia spirally arranged around a central axis. Female plants do not produce cones. Two ovules are formed at the end of a stalk, and after pollination, one or both develop into seeds. The seed is 1.5–2 cm long. Its fleshy outer layer (the sarcotesta) is light yellow-brown, soft, and fruit-like. It is attractive in appearance, but contains butyric acid (also known as butanoic acid) and smells like rancid butter or vomit when fallen. Beneath the sarcotesta is the hard sclerotesta (the \"shell\" of the seed) and a papery endotesta, with the nucellus surrounding the female gametophyte at the center.", "title": "Ginkgo biloba" }, { "id": "133981", "text": "seed-based foods. Edible seeds include cereals (corn, wheat, rice, et cetera), legumes (beans, peas, lentils, et cetera), and nuts. Oilseeds are often pressed to produce rich oils - sunflower, flaxseed, rapeseed (including canola oil), sesame, et cetera. Seeds are typically high in unsaturated fats and, in moderation, are considered a health food. However, not all seeds are edible. Large seeds, such as those from a lemon, pose a choking hazard, while seeds from cherries and apples contain cyanide which could be poisonous only if consumed in large volumes. Fruits are the ripened ovaries of plants, including the seeds within. Many", "title": "Food" }, { "id": "660049", "text": "Cotyledon A cotyledon (; \"seed leaf\" from Latin \"cotyledon\", from Greek: κοτυληδών \"kotylēdōn\", gen.: κοτυληδόνος \"kotylēdonos\", from κοτύλη \"kotýlē\" \"cup, bowl\") is a significant part of the embryo within the seed of a plant, and is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as \"The primary leaf in the embryo of the higher plants (Phanerogams); the seed-leaf.\" Upon germination, the cotyledon may become the embryonic first leaves of a seedling. The number of cotyledons present is one characteristic used by botanists to classify the flowering plants (angiosperms). Species with one cotyledon are called monocotyledonous (\"monocots\"). Plants with two embryonic leaves are", "title": "Cotyledon" }, { "id": "18619916", "text": "Tordylium maximum Tordylium maximum, known as hartwort, is an annual or biennial flowering plant in the carrot family (Apiaceae). \"Tordylium maximum\" is a hairy or bristly biennial or annual, growing to about tall, with a hollow ridged stem that is usually branched. The lower leaves are pinnate, with two to five pairs of coarsely toothed leaflets. The upper leaves may be reduced to a single leaflet. The flowers are arranged in flat umbels, with 5–15 rays. Like other members of the genus \"Tordylium\", the flowers are white, with the outer flowers having some much longer petals on the outer side", "title": "Tordylium maximum" }, { "id": "2090765", "text": "Achene An achene (; Greek ἀ, \"a\", privative + χαίνειν, \"chainein\", to gape; also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp) is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it. In many species, what is called the \"seed\" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the wall of the seed-vessel, which encloses the", "title": "Achene" }, { "id": "2013840", "text": "carotenoid called staphyloxanthin. This carotenoid is a virulence factor with an antioxidant action that helps the microbe evade death by reactive oxygen species used by the host immune system. Microorganisms can be genetically modified to produce certain C40 carotenoids, including lycopene and beta carotene. Carotenoid Carotenoids (), also called tetraterpenoids, are organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria and fungi. Carotenoids give the characteristic color to carrots, corn, canaries, and daffodils, as well as egg yolks, rutabagas, buttercups, and bananas. Carotenoids can be produced from fats and other basic organic metabolic building blocks", "title": "Carotenoid" }, { "id": "2065764", "text": "Hypocotyl The hypocotyl (short for \"hypocotyledonous stem\", meaning \"below seed leaf\") is the stem of a germinating seedling, found below the cotyledons (seed leaves) and above the radicle (root). As the plant embryo grows at germination, it sends out a shoot called a radicle that becomes the primary root, and then penetrates down into the soil. After emergence of the radicle, the hypocotyl emerges and lifts the growing tip (usually including the seed coat) above the ground, bearing the embryonic leaves (called cotyledons), and the plumule that gives rise to the first true leaves. The hypocotyl is the primary organ", "title": "Hypocotyl" }, { "id": "18793496", "text": "Carrot bread Carrot bread is a bread or quick bread that uses carrots as the primary ingredient. It may be prepared with grated,shredded carrots, or carrot juice. Baking times can vary depending on the amount of juice in the carrots used, and it may be a moist bread. Carrot bread may have an orange color derived from carrot juice or carrots used. Additional ingredients used in its preparation may include zucchini (although zucchini itself can be made into zucchini bread), buttermilk, eggs, milk, brown sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg, walnuts, ginger and raisins. Carrot bread can be prepared as a sourdough and", "title": "Carrot bread" }, { "id": "13665871", "text": "Ligusticum grayi Ligusticum grayi is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family known by the common name Gray's licorice-root. It is native to the western United States from Montana to California, where it grows in moist, mountainous habitat, such as meadows and forest floors. It is a carrotlike, perennial herb growing from a taproot to heights between 20 and 80 centimeters. The leaves are like those of its relatives, including celery, each divided into several leaflets with pointed lobes. The inflorescence is a compound umbel of many small, white flowers. The Atsugewi used various parts of this plant", "title": "Ligusticum grayi" }, { "id": "7351339", "text": "Carrot fly The carrot fly (\"Chamaepsila rosae\") is a pest of gardens and farms, and mainly affects the crop of carrots, but can also attack parsnips, parsley and celery. It is a member of the family Psilidae (order Diptera). Crop damage is caused by the creamy-yellow larvae (maggots) feeding on the outer layers of the carrot root. In autumn, they may penetrate further into the root. The legless larvae are up to 10 mm in length. Foliage becomes wilted and discoloured. Leaves turn rusty red to scarlet with some yellowing. Rusty-brown tunnels are seen under the outer skin of mature", "title": "Carrot fly" }, { "id": "15760258", "text": "Chlorpropham Chlorpropham (commercial names: Bud Nip, Taterpex, Preventol, Elbanil, Metoxon, Nexoval, Stickman Pistols, Preweed, Furloe, Stopgerme-S, Sprout Nip, Mirvale, Bygran, ChlorIPC, CHLOROPROPHAM, Spud-Nic, Spud-Nie, Chloro-IFK, Chloro-IPC, Keim-stop, Triherbicide CIPC) is a plant growth regulator and herbicide used as a sprout suppressant for grass weeds, alfalfa, lima and snap beans, blueberries, cane fruit, carrots, cranberries, ladino clover, garlic, seed grass, onions, spinach, sugar beets, tomatoes, safflower, soybeans, gladioli and woody nursery stock. It is also used to inhibit potato sprouting and for sucker control in tobacco. Chlorpropham is available in emulsifiable concentrate and liquid formulations. Chlorpropham is within the maximum residue", "title": "Chlorpropham" }, { "id": "12786344", "text": "tassel. Elongated stigmas, called silks, emerge from the whorl of husk leaves at the end of the ear. They are often pale yellow and in length, like tufts of hair in appearance. At the end of each is a carpel, which may develop into a \"kernel\" if fertilized by a pollen grain. The pericarp of the fruit is fused with the seed coat referred to as \"caryopsis\", typical of the grasses, and the entire kernel is often referred to as the \"seed\". The cob is close to a multiple fruit in structure, except that the individual fruits (the kernels) never", "title": "Maize" }, { "id": "316719", "text": "length, although this tendency has been minimized in commercial varieties. After flowering, potato plants produce small green fruits that resemble green cherry tomatoes, each containing about 300 seeds. Like all parts of the plant except the tubers, the fruit contain the toxic alkaloid solanine and are therefore unsuitable for consumption. All new potato varieties are grown from seeds, also called \"true potato seed\", \"TPS\" or \"botanical seed\" to distinguish it from seed tubers. New varieties grown from seed can be propagated vegetatively by planting tubers, pieces of tubers cut to include at least one or two eyes, or cuttings, a", "title": "Potato" }, { "id": "329919", "text": "petals. Like that of the related apple, the pear fruit is a pome, in most wild species diameter, but in some cultivated forms up to long and broad; the shape varies in most species from oblate or globose, to the classic pyriform 'pear-shape' of the European pear with an elongated basal portion and a bulbous end. The fruit is composed of the receptacle or upper end of the flower-stalk (the so-called calyx tube) greatly dilated. Enclosed within its cellular flesh is the true fruit: five cartilaginous carpels, known colloquially as the \"core\". From the upper rim of the receptacle are", "title": "Pear" }, { "id": "1368241", "text": "Radicle In botany, the radicle is the first part of a seedling (a growing plant embryo) to emerge from the seed during the process of germination. The \"radicle\" is the embryonic root of the plant, and grows downward in the soil (the shoot emerges from the plumule). Above the radicle is the embryonic stem or hypocotyl, supporting the cotyledon(s). It is the embryonic root inside the seed. It is the first thing to emerge from a seed and down into the ground to allow the seed to suck up water and send out its leaves so that it can start", "title": "Radicle" }, { "id": "8290140", "text": "its orange colour making it popular in those countries as an emblem of the House of Orange and the struggle for Dutch independence, although there is little evidence for this. The orange colour results from abundant carotenes in these cultivars. Western carrot cultivars are commonly classified by their root shape. The four general types are: One particular cultivar lacks the usual orange pigment due to carotene, owing its white colour to a recessive gene for tocopherol (vitamin E), but this cultivar and wild carrots do not provide nutritionally significant amounts of vitamin E. In 2016, world production of carrots (combined", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8089819", "text": "Lomatium nudicaule Lomatium nudicaule is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family known by the common names pestle lomatium, barestem biscuitroot, Indian celery and Indian consumption plant. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California to Utah, where it is known from several habitat types, including forest and woodland. It is a perennial herb growing up to about 70 centimeters tall from a thick taproot. It generally lacks a stem, the inflorescence and leaves emerging from ground level. The leaves are made up of many dull green, waxy lance-shaped leaflets each up to 9", "title": "Lomatium nudicaule" }, { "id": "6208192", "text": "Epicotyl An epicotyl is important for the beginning stages of a plant's life. It is the region of a seedling stem above the stalks of the seed leaves of an embryo plant. It grows rapidly, showing hypogeal germination, and extends the stem above the soil surface. Epicotyls also form a hook during hypogeal germination. The epicotyl will expand and form the shoot apex and leaf primordia or \"first true leaves\", but the cotyledon will stay below the ground. In plant physiology, the epicotyl is the embryonic shoot above the cotyledons. In most plants the epicotyl will eventually develop into the", "title": "Epicotyl" }, { "id": "1754458", "text": "Rose hip The rose hip or rosehip, also called rose haw and rose hep, is the accessory fruit of the rose plant. It is typically red to orange, but ranges from dark purple to black in some species. Rose hips begin to form after successful pollination of flowers in spring or early summer, and ripen in late summer through autumn. Roses are propagated from hips by removing the achenes that contain the seeds from the hypanthium (the outer coating) and sowing just beneath the surface of the soil. The seeds can take many months to germinate. Most species require chilling", "title": "Rose hip" }, { "id": "8290122", "text": "of carrots and turnips (these plants are combined by the FAO) for the calendar year 2013 was 37.2 million tonnes; almost half (~45%) were grown in China. Carrots are widely used in many cuisines, especially in the preparation of salads, and carrot salads are a tradition in many regional cuisines. The word is first recorded in English circa 1530 and was borrowed from Middle French \"carotte\", itself from Late Latin \"carōta\", from Greek καρωτόν or \"karōton\", originally from the Indo-European root \"*ker-\" (horn), due to its horn-like shape. In Old English, carrots (typically white at the time) were not clearly", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "8290126", "text": "both red and yellow carrots, as does the 12th-century Arab-Andalusian agriculturist, Ibn al-'Awwam. Cultivated carrots appeared in China in the 14th century, and in Japan in the 18th century. There are many claims that Dutch growers created orange carrots in the 17th century to honor the Dutch flag at the time. Other authorities argue these claims lack convincing evidence. Modern carrots were described at about this time by the English antiquary John Aubrey (1626–1697): \"Carrots were first sown at Beckington in Somersetshire. Some very old Man there [in 1668] did remember their first bringing hither.\" European settlers introduced the carrot", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "6611281", "text": "(236 ml) contains the following nutritional information according to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA): Carrot juice Carrot juice is juice produced from carrots. Carrot juice has a particularly high content of β-carotene, a source of vitamin A, but it is also high in B complex vitamins like folate, and many minerals including calcium, copper, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron. A pound (454 g) of carrots will yield about a cup of juice (about 236 ml), which is a low yield compared to fruits like apples and oranges. However, carrot pulp is very tough; the main difficulty in juicing", "title": "Carrot juice" }, { "id": "10994", "text": "effects. Apiaceae Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus \"Apium\" and commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,700 species in 434 genera including such well-known and economically important plants such as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, hemlock, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip, sea holly, and silphium (a plant whose identity is unclear and which may be extinct). The Apiaceae family includes a significant number of phototoxic", "title": "Apiaceae" }, { "id": "6650766", "text": "Lomatium Lomatium is a genus of about 75 species of perennial herbs native to western North America; its common names include biscuitroot, Indian parsley, and desert parsley. It is in the Apiaceae family and therefore related to many familiar edible species such as carrots and celery; some \"Lomatium\" species were extensively used by Native Americans in the inland Northwest as a staple food. Roots range from woody taproots to more fleshy underground tuberous-thickened roots. Most lomatiums are desert species or grow on bluffs where water is limited for most of the year. They are green and grow the most during", "title": "Lomatium" }, { "id": "11602143", "text": "Fruit anatomy Fruit anatomy is the plant anatomy of the internal structure of fruit. Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. In fleshy fruits, the outer layer (which is often edible) is the \"pericarp\", which is the tissue that develops from the ovary wall of the flower and surrounds the seeds. But in some seemingly pericarp fruits, the edible portion is not derived from the ovary. For example, in the fruit of the ackee tree the edible portion is an aril, and in the pineapple several tissues from the flower and stem are involved. The", "title": "Fruit anatomy" }, { "id": "8290145", "text": "1980s, baby carrots or mini-carrots (carrots that have been peeled and cut into uniform cylinders) have been a popular ready-to-eat snack food available in many supermarkets. Carrots are puréed and used as baby food, dehydrated to make chips, flakes, and powder, and thinly sliced and deep-fried, like potato chips. The sweetness of carrots allows the vegetable to be used in some fruit-like roles. Grated carrots are used in carrot cakes, as well as carrot puddings, an English dish thought to have originated in the early 19th century. Carrots can also be used alone or blended with fruits in jams and", "title": "Carrot" }, { "id": "9005590", "text": "The Carrot Seed The Carrot Seed is a 1945 children's book by Ruth Krauss. As of 2004, \"The Carrot Seed\" has been in print continuously since its first publication in 1945. \"The Carrot Seed\" was illustrated by Krauss's husband, Crockett Johnson. At 101 words, it was one of the shortest picture book texts when it was published in 1945. The book opens with the words: \"A little boy planted a carrot seed. His mother said, 'I'm afraid it won't come up.\" Despite the skepticism of his parents and, particularly, his older brother, he persists and \"pulled up the weeds around", "title": "The Carrot Seed" }, { "id": "7582945", "text": "flavedo), and together they are called the peel. The flavedo and albedo, respectively, are the exocarp and the mesocarp. The juicy layer inside the peel (containing the seeds) is the endocarp. Depending on the thickness and taste, fruit peel is sometimes eaten as part of the fruit, such as with apples. In some cases the peel is unpleasant or inedible, in which case it is removed and discarded, such as with bananas or grapefruits. The peel of some fruits — for example, pomegranates — is high in tannins and other polyphenols, and is employed in the production of dyes. The", "title": "Peel (fruit)" }, { "id": "484432", "text": "(e.g. bloodroot, trilliums, acacias, and many species of Proteaceae). Elaiosomes are soft, fleshy structures that contain nutrients for animals that eat them. The ants carry such seeds back to their nest, where the elaiosomes are eaten. The remainder of the seed, which is hard and inedible to the ants, then germinates either within the nest or at a removal site where the seed has been discarded by the ants. This dispersal relationship is an example of mutualism, since the plants depend upon the ants to disperse seeds, while the ants depend upon the plants seeds for food. As a result,", "title": "Seed" }, { "id": "5905593", "text": "are said to be acotyledons. The plumule is the part of a seed embryo that develops into the shoot bearing the first true leaves of a plant. In most seeds, for example the sunflower, the plumule is a small conical structure without any leaf structure. Growth of the plumule does not occur until the cotyledons have grown above ground. This is epigeal germination. However, in seeds such as the broad bean, a leaf structure is visible on the plumule in the seed. These seeds develop by the plumule growing up through the soil with the cotyledons remaining below the surface.", "title": "Seedling" }, { "id": "4983152", "text": "Falcarinol Falcarinol (also known as carotatoxin or panaxynol) is a natural pesticide and fatty alcohol found in carrots (\"Daucus carota\"), red ginseng (\"Panax ginseng\") and ivy. In carrots, it occurs in a concentration of approximately 2 mg/kg. As a toxin, it protects roots from fungal diseases, such as liquorice rot that causes black spots on the roots during storage. The compound requires the freezing condition to maintain well because it is sensitive to light and heat. Falcarinol was also credited for helping to prevent colon cancer. Falcarinol is a polyyne with two carbon-carbon triple bonds and two double bonds. The", "title": "Falcarinol" }, { "id": "7736678", "text": "Lotus seed A lotus seed or lotus nut is the seed of a plant in the genus \"Nelumbo\", particularly the species \"Nelumbo nucifera\". The seeds are used in Asian cuisine and traditional medicine. Mostly sold in dried, shelled form, the seeds contain rich contents of protein, B vitamins, and dietary minerals. Two types of dried lotus seeds can be found commercially; \"brown peel\" and \"white\". The former is harvested when the seed head of the lotus is ripe or nearly ripe and the latter is harvested when the seed head is still fully green but with almost fully developed seeds.", "title": "Lotus seed" }, { "id": "816975", "text": "contain seeds inside arils, which are embedded without attachment to the mesocarp. Containing juice, the arils are formed as a thin membrane derived from the epidermal cells of the seeds. The number of seeds in a pomegranate can vary from 200 to about 1,400. Botanically, the edible fruit is a berry with seeds and pulp produced from the ovary of a single flower. The fruit is intermediate in size between a lemon and a grapefruit, in diameter with a rounded shape and thick, reddish husk. In mature fruits, the juice obtained by compressing the arils and seeds yields a sour", "title": "Pomegranate" }, { "id": "9626530", "text": "raised, transversely keeled, more or less gibbous on the proximal scales, more so on one side of the cone, rhombic, upper margin acute or obtuse-rounded, abaxial surface striate or smooth, (lustrous) ochraceous or yellow-brown. Umbo dorsal, flat or raised, often sunken into the apophysis, 3–7 mm wide, grey, with a minute, deciduous prickle. Seeds obliquely ovoid, flattened, 4-6 × 2–4 mm, dark gray. Seed wings articulate, held to the seed by two oblique claws which partly cover the seed on one side, obliquely ovate-oblong, 12-18 × 5–8 mm, light brown with dark stripes (Farjon and Styles 1997). Pinus patula Pinus", "title": "Pinus patula" } ]	what part of the carrot is the seed
[ "March 19, 1918" ]	[ { "id": "11677013", "text": "effort to conserve fuel, Germany began observing DST on May 1, 1916. The rest of Europe soon followed. The plan was not adopted in the United States until the Standard Time Act of March 19, 1918, which confirmed the existing standard time zone system and set summer DST to begin on March 31, 1918 (reverting October 27). The idea was unpopular and Congress abolished DST after the war, overriding President Woodrow Wilson's veto. DST became a local option and was observed in some states until World War II, when President Franklin Roosevelt instituted year-round DST, called \"War Time\", on February", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677017", "text": "Virgin Islands. During the 1973 oil embargo by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC), in an effort to conserve fuel, Congress enacted a trial period of year-round DST (P.L. 93-182), beginning January 6, 1974, and ending April 27, 1975. The trial was hotly debated. Those in favor pointed to increased daylight hours in the summer evening: more time for recreation, reduced lighting and heating demands, reduced crime, and reduced automobile accidents. The opposition was concerned about children leaving for school in the dark. The act was amended in October 1974 (P.L. 93-434) to return to standard time for", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678300", "text": "zones was not established in U.S. law until the Standard Time Act of 1918 of March 19, 1918, also known as the Calder Act (15 USC 260). The act also established daylight saving time, itself a contentious idea. Daylight saving time was repealed in 1919, but standard time in time zones remained in law, with the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) having the authority over time zone boundaries. Daylight time became a local matter. It was re-established nationally early in World War II, and was continuously observed until the end of the war. After the war its use varied among states", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678310", "text": "260a(b)) from increasing a state's time spent on DST, unless the United States Congress does this for the entire nation. In response to the 1973 energy crisis, DST in the United States began earlier in both 1974 and 1975, commencing on the first Sunday in January (January 6) in the former year and the last Sunday in February (February 23) in the latter. The extension of daylight saving time was not continued due to public opposition to late sunrise times during the winter months. In 1976, the United States reverted to the schedule set in the Uniform Time Act. Starting", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677020", "text": "no significant difference was found in fatalities among school-age children in the mornings. In 1986 Congress enacted P.L. 99-359, amending the Uniform Time Act by changing the beginning of DST to the first Sunday in April and having the end remain the last Sunday in October. These start and end dates were in effect from 1987 to 2006. The time was adjusted at 2:00 a.m. local time. By the Energy Policy Act of 2005, daylight saving time (DST) was extended in the United States beginning in 2007. As from that year, DST begins on the second Sunday of March and", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677015", "text": "DST anywhere. By 1962, the transportation industry found the lack of consistency confusing enough to push for federal regulation. The result was the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (P.L. 89-387). Beginning in 1967, the act mandated standard time within the established time zones and provided for advanced time: clocks would be advanced one hour beginning at 2:00 a.m. on the last Sunday in April and turned back one hour at 2:00 a.m. on the last Sunday in October. States were allowed to exempt themselves from DST as long as the entire state did so. If a state chose to observe", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677014", "text": "9, 1942. It lasted until the last Sunday (the 30th) in September 1945. After 1945 many states and cities east of the Mississippi River (and mostly north of the Ohio and Potomac rivers) adopted summer DST. From 1945 to 1966 there was no federal law on daylight saving time, so localities could choose when it began and ended or drop it entirely. As of 1954, only California and Nevada had statewide DST west of the Mississippi, and only a few cities between Nevada and St. Louis. In the 1964 Official Railway Guide, 21 of the 48 contiguous states had no", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "579607", "text": "history of time in the United States includes DST during both world wars, but no standardization of peacetime DST until 1966. In May 1965, for two weeks, St. Paul, Minnesota and Minneapolis, Minnesota were on different times, when the capital city decided to join most of the nation by starting Daylight Saving Time while Minneapolis opted to follow the later date set by state law. In the mid-1980s, Clorox (parent of Kingsford Charcoal) and 7-Eleven provided the primary funding for the Daylight Saving Time Coalition behind the 1987 extension to U.S. DST, and both Idaho senators voted for it based", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "579595", "text": "to conserve coal during wartime. Britain, most of its allies, and many European neutrals soon followed. Russia and a few other countries waited until the next year, and the United States adopted daylight saving in 1918. Broadly speaking, most jurisdictions abandoned daylight saving time in the years after the war ended in 1918 (with some notable exceptions including Canada, the UK, France, Ireland, and the United States). However, many different places adopted it for periods of time during the following decades and it became common during World War II. It became widely adopted, particularly in North America and Europe, starting", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "3133965", "text": "Yale University Observatory, agreed to provide telegraphic time signals at noon Eastern Time. Standard time was not enacted into US law until the 1918 Standard Time Act established standard time in time zones; the law also instituted daylight saving time (DST). The daylight saving time portion of the law was repealed in 1919 over a presidential veto, but was reestablished nationally during World War II. In 2007 the US enacted a federal law formalizing the use of Coordinated Universal Time as the basis of standard time, and the role of the Secretary of Commerce (effectively, the National Institute of Standards", "title": "Standard time" }, { "id": "11677010", "text": "Daylight saving time in the United States Daylight saving time in the United States is the practice of setting the clock forward by one hour during the warmer part of the year, so that evenings have more daylight and mornings have less. Most areas of the United States observe daylight saving time (DST), the exceptions being Arizona (except for the Navajo, who do observe daylight saving time on tribal lands), Hawaii, and the overseas territories of American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands. The Uniform Time Act of 1966 established the system", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677038", "text": "in 1969, 1970, 1971, or 1972. (Radio station CKLW in Windsor, Ontario, just across the river from Detroit, was popular on both sides of the border and would often give both times on the air, \"e.g.\" \"It's 4:30 in Detroit and 5:30 in Windsor!\") In November 1972, an initiative measure, repealing the exemption statute, was approved by the voters. Michigan again observed DST in 1973, and has continued to do so since then. The vast majority of Michigan is in the Eastern Time Zone. Only the Upper Peninsula counties that border Wisconsin (Gogebic, Iron, Dickinson, and Menominee) are in the", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "8503363", "text": "Daylight Saving Act of 1917 The Daylight Saving Act of 1917 was enacted by the Dominion of Newfoundland to adopt daylight saving time (DST), thus making it one of the first jurisdictions in North America to do so, only a year after the United Kingdom on May 21, 1916. DST was not instituted in the United States until March 31, 1918. While living in Paris in 1784, Benjamin Franklin wrote a satirical essay, in which he suggested that Parisians get up earlier in the morning. Modern DST was first proposed by the New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson in 1895.", "title": "Daylight Saving Act of 1917" }, { "id": "11677011", "text": "of uniform Daylight Saving Time throughout the US. In the U.S., daylight saving time starts on the second Sunday in March and ends on the first Sunday in November, with the time changes taking place at 2:00 a.m. local time. With a mnemonic word play referring to seasons, clocks \"spring forward, fall back\"—that is, in springtime the clocks are moved forward from 2:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m. and in fall they are moved back from 2:00 a.m. to 1:00 a.m. Daylight saving time lasts for a total of 34 weeks (238 days) every year, about 65% of the entire year.", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "579604", "text": "way with starting DST () during World War I on April 30, 1916 together with its allies to alleviate hardships from wartime coal shortages and air raid blackouts, the political equation changed in other countries; the United Kingdom used DST first on May 21, 1916. U.S. retailing and manufacturing interests led by Pittsburgh industrialist Robert Garland soon began lobbying for DST, but were opposed by railroads. The U.S.'s 1917 entry to the war overcame objections, and DST was established in 1918. The war's end swung the pendulum back. Farmers continued to dislike DST, and many countries repealed it after the", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "11677018", "text": "the period beginning October 27, 1974, and ending February 23, 1975, when DST resumed. When the trial ended in 1975, the country returned to observing summer DST (with the aforementioned exceptions). The DOT, evaluating the plan of extending DST into March, reported in 1975 that \"modest overall benefits might be realized by a shift from the historic six-month DST (May through October) in areas of energy conservation, overall traffic safety and reduced violent crime.\" However, DOT also reported that these benefits were minimal and difficult to distinguish from seasonal variations and fluctuations in energy prices. Congress then asked the National", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678307", "text": "Louisville and Shelbyville will advance their clocks one hour from Central Standard time for the period April 24 to October 29, inclusive.\") In the middle 1960s the airline and other transportation industries lobbied for uniformity of Daylight dates in the United States. The U.S. federal Uniform Time Act became law on April 13, 1966 and it mandated that DST begin nationwide on the last Sunday in April and end on the last Sunday in October, effective in 1967. The act explicitly preempted all previously enacted state laws related to the beginning and ending of DST effective in 1966. Any state", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678309", "text": "observes DST, leaving Arizona (with the exception of the Navajo Nation) and Hawaii as the only two states not to observe DST. On July 8, 1986, President Ronald Reagan signed the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1986 into law that contained a daylight saving rider authored by Senator Slade Gorton (R-WA). The starting date of DST was amended to the first Sunday in April effective in 1987. DST continued to end on the last Sunday in October. While the states retain the capability to exempt themselves from DST, they are forbidden by the 1966 federal law (15 USC", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678303", "text": "on a time zone change is the \"convenience of commerce\". Proposed time zone changes have been both approved and rejected based on this criterion, although most such proposals have been accepted. Daylight saving time was established by the Standard Time Act of 1918. The Act was intended to save electricity for seven months of the year, during World War I. DST was repealed in 1919 over a Presidential veto, but standard time in time zones remained in law, with the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) having the authority over time zone boundaries. Daylight time became a local matter. During World War", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "579594", "text": "committee was set up to examine the issue, but Pearce's bill did not become law, and several other bills failed in the following years. Willett lobbied for the proposal in the UK until his death in 1915. Port Arthur, Ontario, Canada, was the first city in the world to enact DST on July 1, 1908. This was followed by Orillia, Ontario, introduced by William Sword Frost while mayor from 1911 to 1912. The first states to adopt DST () nationally were those of the German Empire and its World War I ally Austria-Hungary commencing April 30, 1916 as a way", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "579605", "text": "war. Britain was an exception: it retained DST nationwide but over the years adjusted transition dates for several reasons, including special rules during the 1920s and 1930s to avoid clock shifts on Easter mornings. Now under a European Community directive summer time begins annually on the last Sunday in March, which may be Easter Sunday (as in 2016). The U.S. was more typical: Congress repealed DST after 1919. President Woodrow Wilson, like Willett an avid golfer, vetoed the repeal twice but his second veto was overridden. Only a few U.S. cities retained DST locally thereafter, including New York so that", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "579600", "text": "observes DST from the second Saturday in October to the second Saturday in March, with transitions at local time. In some countries time is governed by regional jurisdictions within the country so that some jurisdictions shift and others do not; this is currently the case in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Mexico, and the United States. From year to year, the shift dates may change for political and social reasons. The 2007 U.S. change was part of the Energy Policy Act of 2005; previously, from 1987 through 2006, the start and end dates were the first Sunday in April and the last", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "579599", "text": "three hours during the southern summer, and four hours a few weeks per year. Since 1996, European Summer Time has been observed from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October; previously the rules were not uniform across the European Union. Starting in 2007, most of the United States and Canada observe DST from the second Sunday in March to the first Sunday in November, almost two-thirds of the year. Moreover, the beginning and ending dates are roughly reversed between the northern and southern hemispheres because spring and autumn are displaced six months. For example, mainland Chile", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "11677016", "text": "DST, the time changes were required to begin and end on the established dates. In 1967, Arizona and Michigan became the first states to exempt themselves from DST (Michigan would begin observing DST in 1972). In 1972, the act was amended (P.L. 92-267), allowing those states split between time zones to exempt either the entire state or that part of the state lying within a different time zone. The newly created Department of Transportation (DOT) was given power to enforce the law. , the following states and territories are not observing DST: Arizona, Hawaii, American Samoa, Puerto Rico, and the", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2932592", "text": "the first Sunday in November. Clocks will be set ahead one hour at 2 a.m. on the following start dates and set back one hour at 2 a.m. on these ending dates: In response to the Uniform Time Act of 1966, each state of the US has officially chosen to apply one of two rules over its entire territory: The Energy Policy Act of 2005 extended daylight saving time (DST) for an additional month beginning in 2007. Previous DST change dates include: There exist more than one hundred clock towers in the United States; see . Time in the United", "title": "Time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678306", "text": "Virginia Route 2 between Moundsville, West Virginia, and Steubenville, Ohio had to reset their watches seven times over 35 miles). In summer 1960 April–October Daylight Time was nearly universal in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware and states east and north of there. In Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kentucky and Virginia and states north and east of there, some areas had it and some did not. Except for California and Nevada, which had April-Sept Daylight Time, 99% of the rest of the country used Standard Time year-round. (The Official Guide says \"State law prohibits the observance of \"Daylight Saving\" time in Kentucky but Anchorage,", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677021", "text": "ends on the first Sunday of November. In years when April 1 falls on Monday through Wednesday, these changes result in a DST period that is five weeks longer; in all other years the DST period is instead four weeks longer. In 2008 daylight saving time ended at 2:00 a.m. DST (0200) (1:00 a.m. ST) on Sunday, November 2, and in 2009 it began at 2:00 a.m. (3:00 a.m. DST) on Sunday, March 8. Under Section 110 of the Act, the U.S. Department of Energy was required to study the impact of the 2007 DST extension no later than nine", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "579616", "text": "fuel. The period of Daylight Saving Time before the longest day is shorter than the period after, in several countries including the United States and Europe. For example, in the U.S. the period of Daylight Saving Time is defined by the Energy Policy Act of 2005. The period for Daylight Saving Time was extended by changing the start date from the first Sunday of April to the second Sunday of March, and the end date from the last Sunday in October to the first Sunday in November. DST's potential to save energy comes primarily from its effects on residential lighting,", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "16001155", "text": "Formerly, starting and ending dates were variable, but in 2008, a decree (No. 6558 of 9 September 2008) established a permanent rule: DST starts at 00:00 on the third Sunday in October from 2008 to 2017 (and on the first Sunday in November from 2018 to the present), and ends at 00:00 on the third Sunday in February—unless the latter falls during Carnaval: in this case, the end of DST is postponed by one week. The next four times in which the end of DST is scheduled to be postponed are 2023, 2026, 2034 and 2037. Chile did not observe", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "2938306", "text": "observe DST to begin it at 02:00 local time on the last Sunday in April and to end it at 02:00 local time on the last Sunday in October and explicitly preempted all state laws related to daylight saving time per the weights and measures power given to Congress in Article 1, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. The law was later amended in 1986 to move the uniform start date for DST to the \"first\" Sunday in April (effective 1987). The latest amendment, part of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, extends DST by four or five weeks by", "title": "Uniform Time Act" }, { "id": "15440701", "text": "Congress to MST Mountain Standard Time. MST was observed prior to the correction. Standard Time Act The Standard Time Act of 1918, also known as the Calder Act, was the first United States federal law implementing Standard time and Daylight saving time in the United States. It authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to define each time zone. The section concerning daylight saving time was repealed by the act titled \"An Act For the repeal of the daylight-saving law\", , over President Woodrow Wilson's veto. Section 264 of the act mistakenly placed most of the state of Idaho (south of Salmon", "title": "Standard Time Act" }, { "id": "579583", "text": "Daylight saving time Daylight saving time (DST), also daylight savings time or daylight time (United States), also summer time (United Kingdom and others), is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months so that evening daylight lasts longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times. Typically, regions that use daylight saving time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring and adjust them backward in the autumn to standard time. In effect, DST causes a lost hour of sleep in the spring and an extra hour of sleep in the fall. George Hudson proposed the idea of daylight saving", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "16001143", "text": "The United States territory of Puerto Rico adopted DST through legislation passed in 2000 but, after a change in governors, dropped it in 2001, three days before it would have gone into effect. Since 2007, in areas of Canada and United States in which it is used, daylight saving time begins on the second Sunday of March and ends on the first Sunday of November. In Mexico, Congress has consistently been refusing to adopt this schedule on a nationwide basis for nearly a decade. Therefore, only certain border cities in Mexican states that observe DST follow the same pattern as", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "2678301", "text": "and localities. The Uniform Time Act of 1966 provided standardization in the dates of beginning and end of daylight time in the U.S. but allowed for local exemptions from its observance. The act also continued the authority of the ICC over time zone boundaries. In subsequent years, the United States Congress transferred the authority over time zones to the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), modified (several times) the beginning date of daylight time, and renamed the three westernmost time zones. Time zone boundaries have changed greatly since their original introduction and changes still occasionally occur. DOT issues press releases when", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677024", "text": "especially to allow children to go trick-or-treating in more daylight. In some areas, the extension of daylight saving time in March and November has pushed back sunrise to as late as 8:30 am. Under the Standard Time Act of 1918, as amended by the Uniform Time Act of 1966, moving a state or an area within a state from one time zone to another requires a regulation issued by DOT. The governor or state legislature may initiate a request for the state or any part of the state; the highest elected officials in the county may make a request for", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677035", "text": "last Sunday in April (April 30 in that year) to the last Sunday in September, but the law was repealed three weeks later on May 21, 1933. During World War II between February 9, 1942 and September 30, 1945, Hawaiian Standard Time was advanced one hour to so-called \"Hawaiian War Time,\" effectively placing the territory on year-round daylight saving time. In both cases where DST was used, Hawaii used UTC−9:30 during DST as standard time was 30 minutes behind. From 1970 until 2006, most of Indiana in the Eastern Time Zone did not observe daylight saving time, but the entire", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678305", "text": "1966 U.S. federal law did not address DST. States and cities were free to observe DST or not, and most places that did observe DST did so from the last Sunday in April to the last Sunday in September. In the mid-1950s many areas in the northeastern United States began extending DST to the last Sunday in October. The lack of standardization led to a patchwork where some areas observed DST while adjacent areas did not, and it was not unheard of to have to reset a clock several times during a short trip (e.g., bus drivers operating on West", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677012", "text": "The following table lists recent past and near future starting and ending dates of daylight saving time in the United States: Benjamin Franklin proposed a form of daylight time in 1784. His essay, “An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost of Light”, written to the editor of \"The Journal of Paris\", observed that Parisians could save on candles by getting out of bed earlier in the morning, making use of the natural morning light instead. Franklin's suggestion seems to have been more of a joke than a real proposal, and nothing came of it. During World War I, in an", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2678311", "text": "March 11, 2007, DST was extended another four to five weeks, from the second Sunday of March to the first Sunday of November. The change was introduced by Representatives Fred Upton (R-MI) and Edward Markey (D-MA) and added to the Energy Policy Act of 2005; the House had originally approved a motion that would have extended DST even farther from the first Sunday in March to the last Sunday in November, but Senators Jeff Bingaman (D-NM) and Pete Domenici (R-NM) agreed to scale back the proposal in conference committee due to complaints from farmers and the airline industry. Proponents claimed", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677029", "text": "due to look into the issue during the 2016 legislative session. Arizona observed DST in 1967 under the Uniform Time Act because the state legislature did not enact an exemption statute that year. In March 1968 the DST exemption statute was enacted and the state of Arizona has not observed DST since 1967. This is in large part due to an effort to conserve energy. Phoenix and Tucson are among the hottest U.S. metropolitan areas during the summer, resulting in more power usage from air conditioning units and evaporative coolers in homes and businesses. An extra hour of sunlight while", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "579648", "text": "Congress changes federal law, states can not implement permanent DST—states can only opt out of DST, not standard time. Daylight saving time Daylight saving time (DST), also daylight savings time or daylight time (United States), also summer time (United Kingdom and others), is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months so that evening daylight lasts longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times. Typically, regions that use daylight saving time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring and adjust them backward in the autumn to standard time. In effect, DST causes a lost hour of sleep in", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "579647", "text": "permanent DST from 2011 to 2014, but the move proved unpopular because of the late sunrises in winter, so the country switched permanently back to standard time in 2014 for the whole Russian Federation. The United Kingdom and Ireland also experimented with year-round summer time between 1968 and 1971, and put clocks forward by an extra hour during World War II. In the United States, the Florida legislature passed a bill to enact permanent DST; and Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island have introduced proposals or commissions to that effect. 26 states are considering making DST permanent. However, unless", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "579603", "text": "Harrods, and the manager of the National Bank. However, the opposition was stronger: it included Prime Minister H. H. Asquith, Christie (the Astronomer Royal), George Darwin, Napier Shaw (director of the Meteorological Office), many agricultural organizations, and theatre owners. After many hearings the proposal was narrowly defeated in a parliamentary committee vote in 1909. Willett's allies introduced similar bills every year from 1911 through 1914, to no avail. The U.S. was even more skeptical: Andrew Peters introduced a DST bill to the United States House of Representatives in May 1909, but it soon died in committee. After Germany led the", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "2932588", "text": "prime meridian. In 1960, the International Radio Consultative Committee formalized the concept of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), which became the new international civil time standard. UTC is, within about 1 second, mean solar time at 0°. UTC does not observe daylight saving time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, but GMT is no longer precisely defined by the scientific community. UTC is one of several closely related successors to GMT. Standard time zones in the United States are currently defined at the federal level by law 15 USC §260. The federal law also establishes the transition dates", "title": "Time in the United States" }, { "id": "2938305", "text": "Uniform Time Act The Uniform Time Act of 1966, , was a Law of the United States to \"promote the adoption and observance of uniform time within the standard time zones\" prescribed by the Standard Time Act of 1918. Its intended effect was to simplify the official pattern of where and when daylight saving time (DST) is applied within the U.S. Prior to this law, each state worked out its own scheme for the dates of beginning and ending DST, and in some cases, which parts of the state should use it. The law, as originally written, required states that", "title": "Uniform Time Act" }, { "id": "579602", "text": "it enlarges \"the opportunities for the pursuit of health and happiness among the millions of people who live in this country\" and pundits have dubbed it \"Daylight Slaving Time\". Historically, retailing, sports, and tourism interests have favored daylight saving, while agricultural and evening entertainment interests have opposed it, and its initial adoption had been prompted by energy crises and war. The fate of Willett's 1907 proposal illustrates several political issues involved. The proposal attracted many supporters, including Arthur Balfour, Churchill, David Lloyd George, Ramsay MacDonald, Edward VII (who used half-hour DST at Sandringham or \"Sandringham time\"), the managing director of", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "2725347", "text": "daylight saving time as of 1987. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 extended daylight saving time in the United States beginning in 2007. So local times change at 2:00 a.m. EST to 3:00 a.m. EDT on the second Sunday in March and return at 2:00 a.m. EDT to 1:00 a.m. EST on the first Sunday in November. In Canada, the time changes as it does in the United States. In Canada, the following provinces and territories are part of the Eastern Time Zone: All observe Daylight Saving Time in sync with the United States, with very localized exceptions. The boundary", "title": "Eastern Time Zone" }, { "id": "2932583", "text": "Time in the United States Time in the United States, by law, is divided into nine standard time zones covering the states and its possessions, with most of the United States observing daylight saving time (DST) for approximately the spring, summer, and fall months. The time zone boundaries and DST observance are regulated by the Department of Transportation. Official and highly precise timekeeping services (clocks) are provided by two federal agencies: the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (an agency of the Department of Commerce); and its military counterpart, the United States Naval Observatory (USNO). The clocks run by", "title": "Time in the United States" }, { "id": "9013116", "text": "of 1917, but Congress overrode the veto. Its goal was to reduce immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe, by requiring literacy tests. It was the first U.S. law to restrict immigration from Europe, and it foreshadowed the more restrictive immigration laws of the 1920s. With the American entrance into World War I in April 1917, Wilson became a war-time president. The War Industries Board, headed by Bernard Baruch, was established to set U.S. war manufacturing policies and goals. Future President Herbert Hoover led the Food Administration; the Federal Fuel Administration, run by Henry Garfield, introduced daylight saving time and rationed", "title": "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson" }, { "id": "2678314", "text": "the clocks were changing that day. If the original proposal to extend DST through the last Sunday in November had been adopted, the entire United States, with the exception of the states that exempted themselves, would have experienced the latest sunrises of the year during the month of November, which would have approached the extremely late sunrise times when DST went into effect on January 6, 1974 due to the 1973 energy crisis creeping after 9 am in places like New Salem, North Dakota at the northwestern edges of time zones. History of time in the United States The history", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "16001156", "text": "DST in 2015 when the government declared that the country would remain on GMT-3 permanently. But on March 16, 2016, decree 253 modified the 2015 decision and restored winter time. It would last 90 days from the second weekend of May to the second weekend of August. In the past, DST was observed from the second Saturday in October to the second Saturday in March, but it has varied (see Time in Chile). In 2008, for example, the time was adjusted on Sunday, March 30, at 12 midnight. In 2010, because of an earthquake, DST remained in effect until April", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "16001158", "text": "electricity. The experiment failed to deliver the intended results, possibly due to Colombia's low latitude, and the DST experiment was discontinued. President Sixto Durán Ballén imposed daylight saving time in 1992 in an energy-saving effort. It was poorly received by the populace and did not last long. DST (UTC−3) is generally observed from the first Sunday of September to the third Sunday of April. However, the Falklands remained on DST throughout 2011 and 2012. Paraguay observes DST under decree 1867 of March 5, 2004. DST ends on the second Sunday of March and starts on the third Sunday of October.", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "2932584", "text": "these services are kept synchronized with each other as well as with those of other international timekeeping organizations. It is the combination of the time zone and daylight saving rules, along with the timekeeping services, which determines the legal civil time for any U.S. location at any moment. Prior to the adoption of four standard time zones for the continental United States, many towns and cities set their clocks to noon when the sun passed their local meridian, pre-corrected for the equation of time on the date of observation, to form local mean solar time. Noon occurred at different times", "title": "Time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677026", "text": "soliciting public comment and scheduling a public hearing. Usually the hearing is held in the area requesting the change so that all affected parties can be represented. After the close of the comment period, the comments are reviewed and appropriate final action taken. If the Secretary agrees that the statutory requirement has been met, the change is instituted, usually at the next changeover to or from DST. Under the Uniform Time Act, moving an area on or off DST is accomplished through legal action at the state level. Some states require legislation while others require executive action such as a", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "579590", "text": "44 minutes at the winter solstice, but at the summer solstice it started at 06:58 and lasted 75 minutes. From the fourteenth century onwards, equal-length civil hours supplanted unequal ones, so civil time no longer varies by season. Unequal hours are still used in a few traditional settings, such as some monasteries of Mount Athos and all Jewish ceremonies. During his time as an American envoy to France (1776–1785), Benjamin Franklin, publisher of the old English proverb \"Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise\", anonymously published a letter in the \"Journal de Paris\"", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "2678304", "text": "II, Congress enacted the War Time Act (56 Stat. 9) on January 20, 1942. Year-round DST was reinstated in the United States on February 9, 1942, again as a wartime measure to conserve energy resources. This remained in effect until after the end of the war. The Amendment to the War Time Act (59 Stat. 537), enacted September 25, 1945, ended DST as of September 30, 1945. During this period, the official designation War Time was used for year-round DST. For example, Eastern War Time (EWT) would be the equivalent of Eastern Daylight Time during this period. From 1945 to", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "11914731", "text": "the Fuel Administration. The Standard Time Act of 1918 established both standard time zones and set summer DST to begin on March 31, 1918. The idea was unpopular, however, and Congress abolished DST after the war, overriding President Woodrow Wilson's veto. DST became a local option and was observed in some states until World War II, when President Franklin Roosevelt instituted year-round DST, called \"War Time,\" on February 9, 1942. It lasted until the last Sunday in September 1945. The next year, many states and localities adopted summer DST. By mid-1922, the administration's activities were declining and some states were", "title": "Federal Fuel Administration" }, { "id": "11677036", "text": "state started to do so in April 2006 after eight counties in western Indiana were shifted from the Central Time Zone to the Eastern Time Zone. One goal for observing DST was to get more Indiana counties observing the same time zone; formerly, 77 counties observed EST, 5 observed EST/EDT (the EDT usage being unofficial only), and 10 observed CST/CDT. , Indiana has 12 counties observing Central Daylight Time while the remaining 80 counties observe Eastern Daylight Time. Those counties observing CST are in two groups: one near or in the Chicago metropolitan area, and the other around Evansville in", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2932589", "text": "and times at which daylight saving time occurs, if observed. It is ultimately the authority of the Secretary of Transportation, in coordination with the states, to determine which regions will observe which of the standard time zones and if they will observe daylight saving time. As of August 9, 2007, the standard time zones are defined in terms of hourly offsets from UTC. Prior to this they were based upon the mean solar time at several meridians 15° apart west of Greenwich (GMT). Only the full-time zone names listed below are official; abbreviations are by common use conventions, and duplicated", "title": "Time in the United States" }, { "id": "16002966", "text": "synchronized with its observance in the United States to facilitate consistent economic and social interaction. When the United States extended DST in 1987 to the first Sunday in April, all DST-observing Canadian jurisdictions followed suit to mimic the change. The latest United States change (Energy Policy Act of 2005), adding parts of March and November starting in 2007, was adopted by the various provinces and territories on the following dates: Most of British Columbia (BC) is on Pacific Time and observes DST. However, there are two main exceptions: While the rest of Nunavut observes DST, Southampton Island including Coral Harbour", "title": "Daylight saving time in Canada" }, { "id": "9275612", "text": "in York, Pennsylvania, while the British occupied the national capital at Philadelphia. Delegate Samuel Adams created the first draft. Congress then adapted the final version: George Washington, leader of the revolutionary forces in the American Revolutionary War, proclaimed a Thanksgiving in December 1777 as a victory celebration honoring the defeat of the British at Saratoga. The Continental-Confederation Congress, the legislative body that governed the United States from 1774 to 1789, issued several \"national days of prayer, humiliation, and thanksgiving\", a practice that was continued by presidents Washington and Adams under the Constitution, and has manifested itself in the established American", "title": "Thanksgiving (United States)" }, { "id": "15440700", "text": "Standard Time Act The Standard Time Act of 1918, also known as the Calder Act, was the first United States federal law implementing Standard time and Daylight saving time in the United States. It authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to define each time zone. The section concerning daylight saving time was repealed by the act titled \"An Act For the repeal of the daylight-saving law\", , over President Woodrow Wilson's veto. Section 264 of the act mistakenly placed most of the state of Idaho (south of Salmon River (Idaho)) in CST Central Standard Time, but was amended in 2007 by", "title": "Standard Time Act" }, { "id": "11677039", "text": "Central Time Zone. In 2015, the Nevada Senate passed Nevada Assembly Joint Resolution 4, which urged Congress to enact legislation allowing individual states to establish daylight saving time as the standard time in their respective states throughout the calendar year. This would mean that Nevada is on the same time as Arizona all year, but would be an hour ahead of California in the winter. The United States Congress has not yet enacted any enabling legislation in this regard. In 2015, Rep. Elizabeth Scott (R-Monroe) filed a House bill to end DST in Washington, and a companion bill was filed", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2725346", "text": "Eastern. In 2000, Wayne County, on the Tennessee border, switched from Central to Eastern. In March 2018, the Florida Legislature passed a bill requesting authorization from Congress for year-round daylight savings time, which would effectively put Florida on Atlantic Standard Time year-round (except for west of the Apalachicola River, which would be on Eastern Standard Time year-round). The Uniform Time Act of 1966 ruled that daylight saving time would run from the last Sunday of April until the last Sunday in October in the United States. The act was amended to make the first Sunday in April the beginning of", "title": "Eastern Time Zone" }, { "id": "2678299", "text": "History of time in the United States The history of standard time in the United States began November 18, 1883, when United States and Canadian railroads instituted standard time in time zones. Before then, time of day was a local matter, and most cities and towns used some form of local solar time, maintained by some well-known clock (for example, on a church steeple or in a jeweler's window). The new standard time system was not immediately embraced by all. Use of standard time gradually increased because of its obvious practical advantages for communication and travel. Standard time in time", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "11914732", "text": "taking a more active role in managing coal production. Federal Fuel Administration The Federal Fuel Administration was a World War I-era agency of the Federal government of the United States established by of August 23, 1917 pursuant to the Food and Fuel Control Act, managed use of coal and oil. To conserve energy, it introduced daylight saving time, shortened work weeks for civilian goods factories, and encouraged Heatless Mondays. Even prior to a declaration of war by the United States, shortages of coal were experienced in the winter of 1916-17. To address concerns about a steady supply of fuel to", "title": "Federal Fuel Administration" }, { "id": "11677019", "text": "Bureau of Standards (NBS, today NIST) to evaluate the DOT report. Its report, \"Review and Technical Evaluation of the DOT Daylight Saving Time Study\" (April 1976), found no significant energy savings or differences in traffic fatalities. It did find statistically significant evidence of increased fatalities among school-age children in the mornings during the four-month period January–April 1974 as compared with the same period (non-DST) of 1973. NBS stated that it was impossible to determine, what, if any, of this increase was due to DST. When this data was compared between 1973 and 1974 for the months of March and April,", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "16001154", "text": "over the years (see for details). As of 2013, DST is used only in the southern region (the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná), the southeast region (the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais), and the central-west region (the state of Goiás and the Distrito Federal, and the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul). Every year, 32 municipalities of eastern Mato Grosso, along Araguaia River and close to Goiás border, and unofficially following standard Brasilia time () all year long, don't change their clocks when DST starts or ends.", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "579606", "text": "its financial exchanges could maintain an hour of arbitrage trading with London, and Chicago and Cleveland to keep pace with New York. Wilson's successor Warren G. Harding opposed DST as a \"deception\". Reasoning that people should instead get up and go to work earlier in the summer, he ordered District of Columbia federal employees to start work at 08:00 rather than 09:00 during summer 1922. Some businesses followed suit though many others did not; the experiment was not repeated. Since Germany's adoption in 1916, the world has seen many enactments, adjustments, and repeals of DST, with similar politics involved. The", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "9275618", "text": "As President, on October 3, 1789, George Washington made the following proclamation and created the first Thanksgiving Day designated by the national government of the United States of America: On January 1, 1795, Washington proclaimed a Thanksgiving Day to be observed on Thursday, February 19. President John Adams declared Thanksgivings in 1798 and 1799. As Thomas Jefferson was a deist and a skeptic of the idea of divine intervention, he did not declare any thanksgiving days during his presidency. James Madison renewed the tradition in 1814, in response to resolutions of Congress, at the close of the War of 1812.", "title": "Thanksgiving (United States)" }, { "id": "11677034", "text": "clock to UTC−9 (DST) in Hawaii would make sunrise times close to 7:00 a.m. even in June. Most of the inhabited islands are located close to the west end of the Hawaii-Aleutian time zone, but Oahu, Kauai, and Niihau are located more than 7 degrees west of the Hawaii-Aleutian time zone's meridian and should, theoretically, be located in the next time zone to the west. (Until about 1946 Hawaiian standard time was based on longitude 157.5 degrees west rather than 150 degrees.) On April 26, 1933, the Territorial Legislature enacted a bill placing Hawaii on daylight saving time from the", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677030", "text": "people are active would cause people to run their cooling systems longer, thereby using more energy. The Navajo Indian Reservation extends into Utah and New Mexico and does observe daylight saving time. The Hopi Reservation is entirely within the state of Arizona and is an enclave within the Navajo Indian Reservation, but does not observe DST. California voters passed Proposition 12 in 1949, approving DST in the state. In February 2017, California Assembly member Kansen Chu introduced A.B. 807, proposing to enable the legislature to eliminate DST in the state, or, if federal law allows, to adopt DST for the", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "1721583", "text": "1885 to all federal employees. The original four holidays were: George Washington's Birthday became a Federal holiday in 1880. In 1888 and 1894, respectively, Decoration Day (now Memorial Day) and Labor Day were created. In 1938, Armistice Day (now Veterans Day) was created to mark the end of World War I. The scope and the name of the holiday was expanded in 1954 to honor Americans who fought in World War II and the Korean War. In 1968, the Monday Holiday Act of 1968 shifted several holidays to always fall on a Monday and saw the establishment of Columbus Day.", "title": "Federal holidays in the United States" }, { "id": "16001144", "text": "Canada and the United States. The rest of Mexico remains out of phase beginning DST on the first Sunday of April and ending on the last Sunday of October, the same schedule followed by Canada and the United States prior to 2007. Saint Pierre and Miquelon, located near the Canadian coast, belongs to France, but observes daylight saving time according to Canadian rules. Greenland (excluding two minor areas at Danmarkshavn and Pituffik) observes DST and uses the European convention (DST begins 01:00 UTC last Sunday in March and ends 01:00 UTC last Sunday in October). Most populated places in the", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "16001153", "text": "in order to offset their energy problems. The schedule change was planned to take place every year between September and March, corresponding to the spring and summer of the South American country. However, the day before the scheduled change, on August 31, 2011, the national government indefinitely suspended the observation of DST due to opposition from experts in electricity, neighborhood and school leaders, and the general populace. Brazil adopted DST (called \"horário de verão\"—\"summer time\"—in Portuguese) for the first time in 1931, and it was in effect across the entire country. The duration and regional applicability of DST has varied", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "739713", "text": "new Constitution that was adopted in 1789. In 1791, a Bill of Rights was added to guarantee inalienable rights. With Washington as the first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief adviser, a strong central government was created. Purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 doubled the size of the United States. A second and final war with Britain was fought in 1812, which solidified national pride. Encouraged by the notion of manifest destiny, U.S. territory expanded all the way to the Pacific coast. While the United States was large in terms of area, its population in 1790 was", "title": "History of the United States" }, { "id": "13148086", "text": "Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, that churches celebrate the Lord's Supper on the first day of each week, and that baptism of adult believers, by immersion in water, is a necessary condition for Salvation. The Restoration Movement began as two separate threads, each of which initially developed without the knowledge of the other, during the Second Great Awakening in the early 19th century. The first, led by Barton W. Stone began at Cane Ridge, Bourbon County, Kentucky. The group called themselves simply \"Christians\". The second, began in western Pennsylvania and Virginia (now West Virginia), led by Thomas", "title": "History of Christianity in the United States" }, { "id": "11914729", "text": "Federal Fuel Administration The Federal Fuel Administration was a World War I-era agency of the Federal government of the United States established by of August 23, 1917 pursuant to the Food and Fuel Control Act, managed use of coal and oil. To conserve energy, it introduced daylight saving time, shortened work weeks for civilian goods factories, and encouraged Heatless Mondays. Even prior to a declaration of war by the United States, shortages of coal were experienced in the winter of 1916-17. To address concerns about a steady supply of fuel to support military and industrial operations and for use by", "title": "Federal Fuel Administration" }, { "id": "7598201", "text": "visible within a narrow corridor wide, crossing fourteen of the contiguous United States: Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. It was first seen from land in the U.S. shortly after 10:15 a.m. PDT (17:15 UTC) at Oregon's Pacific coast, and then it progressed eastward through Salem, Oregon; Idaho Falls, Idaho; Casper, Wyoming; Lincoln, Nebraska; Kansas City, Missouri; St. Louis, Missouri; Hopkinsville, Kentucky; and Nashville, Tennessee; before reaching Columbia, South Carolina about 2:41 p.m.; and finally Charleston, South Carolina. A partial eclipse was seen for a greater time period, beginning", "title": "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017" }, { "id": "579608", "text": "on the premise that during DST fast-food restaurants sell more French fries, which are made from Idaho potatoes. In 1992, after a three-year trial of daylight saving in Queensland, Australia, a referendum on daylight saving was held and defeated with a 54.5% 'no' vote – with regional and rural areas strongly opposed, while those in the metropolitan south-east were in favor. In 2005, the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association and the National Association of Convenience Stores successfully lobbied for the 2007 extension to U.S. DST. In December 2008, the Daylight Saving for South East Queensland (DS4SEQ) political party was officially registered", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "11677037", "text": "the southwest corner of the state. In 1967, the Michigan Legislature adopted a statute, Act 6 of the Public Acts of 1967, exempting the state from the observance of DST. The exemption statute was suspended on June 14, 1967, however, when the referendum was invoked. From June 14, 1967 until the last Sunday in October 1967, Michigan observed DST, and did so in 1968 as well. The exemption statute was submitted to the voters at the General Election held in November 1968, and, in a close vote, the exemption statute was sustained. As a result, Michigan did not observe DST", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "2799756", "text": "(local standard time) to 03:00 LDT (local daylight time) on the first Sunday in April, and returned at 02:00 LDT to 01:00 LST on the last Sunday in October. Effective in the U.S. in 2007 as a result of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the local time changes from PST to PDT at 02:00 LST to 03:00 LDT on the second Sunday in March and the time returns at 02:00 LDT to 01:00 LST on the first Sunday in November. The Canadian provinces and territories that use daylight time each adopted these dates between October 2005 and February 2007.", "title": "Pacific Time Zone" }, { "id": "11677033", "text": "common time). There are currently no states that keep daylight saving time year round. On March 6, 2018, the Florida Senate approved the “Sunshine Protection Act” which would put Florida on permanent Daylight Saving Time year round, and Governor Rick Scott signed it March 23. Congress would need to amend the existing 1966 federal law to allow the change. Hawaii has never observed daylight saving time under the Uniform Time Act, having opted out of the Act's provisions in 1967. Because of Hawaii's tropical latitude, there is not a large variation in daylight length between winter and summer. Advancing the", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "4243183", "text": "out. After the invention of gas lighting by William Murdoch in 1792, cities in Britain began to light their streets using gas. The United States followed suit shortly afterwards with the introduction of gas lighting to Pelham Street in Newport, Rhode Island in 1803. Throughout the 19th century, the use of gas lighting increased. Some locations in the US still use gas lights. After Thomas Edison pioneered electric use, light bulbs were developed for the streetlights as well. The first city to use electric street lights was Wabash, Indiana. Charles F. Brush of Cleveland, Ohio wanted to publicly test his", "title": "History of street lighting in the United States" }, { "id": "579596", "text": "in the 1970s as a result of the 1970s energy crisis. Since then, the world has seen many enactments, adjustments, and repeals. For specific details, see Daylight saving time by country. Clock shifts are usually scheduled at, or soon after, midnight and on a weekend to lessen disruption to weekday schedules. A one-hour shift is customary but twenty minute and two hour shifts have been used in the past. In all countries that use daylight saving, the clock is advanced in spring and set back in autumn; the spring change reduces the length of that day and the autumn change", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "13960402", "text": "'Carolina Day' in South Carolina.\" Founder's Day originated from a proclamation by the United States Continental Congress on October 11, 1782, in response to Great Britain's expected military defeat in the American Revolutionary War. The war did not formally end until Congress ratified the Treaty of Paris on January 14, 1784. The purpose of the proclamation was essentially to thank God for America's good fortune in the Revolutionary War. This did not form the basis for Thanksgiving Day as it is known presently in the United States. Congressional and presidential declarations named several days of thanks each year throughout the", "title": "Minor American Revolution holidays" }, { "id": "9527626", "text": "on November 6. However, when World War I ended, the Armistice Day holiday was usually held during the same week. To prevent the two holidays from clashing with one another, in 1957 the Canadian Parliament proclaimed Thanksgiving to be observed on its present date on the second Monday of October. Thanksgiving in the United States was observed on various dates throughout history. From the time of the Founding Fathers until the time of Lincoln, the date Thanksgiving was observed varied from state to state. The final Thursday in November had become the customary date in most U.S. states by the", "title": "Thanksgiving" }, { "id": "2678313", "text": "or too far after the autumnal equinox. Because of this, the extension was greeted with criticism by those concerned for the safety of children who would have been forced to travel to school before sunrise, especially in the month of March. In addition, the airline industry was especially concerned if DST were to be extended through to the last Sunday in November, as this is very often (6 out of every 7 years) the Sunday after Thanksgiving. This is one of the busiest travel days at American airports, and could have resulted in much havoc among travelers who forgot that", "title": "History of time in the United States" }, { "id": "2725491", "text": "2007, the local time changes from MST to MDT at 2am MST to 3am MDT on the second Sunday in March and returns at 2am MDT to 1am MST on the first Sunday in November. Sonora in Mexico and most of Arizona in the United States do not observe daylight saving time, and during the spring, summer, and autumn months they are on the same time as Pacific Daylight Time. The Navajo Nation, most of which lies within Arizona, does observe DST, although the Hopi Nation, as well as some Arizona state offices lying within the Navajo Nation, do not.", "title": "Mountain Time Zone" }, { "id": "5285674", "text": "and Queries\" in 1879. In 1908, the first five-day workweek in the United States was instituted by a New England cotton mill so that Jewish workers would not have to work on the Sabbath from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday. In 1926, Henry Ford began shutting down his automotive factories for all of Saturday and Sunday. In 1929, the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America Union was the first union to demand and receive a five-day workweek. The rest of the United States slowly followed, but it was not until 1940, when a provision of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act", "title": "Workweek and weekend" }, { "id": "16001157", "text": "3. In 2011, in order to prevent energy shortages after a dry summer, DST was first extended until April 2 and then until May 7. From 2011-2014, Chile DST started the first Saturday of September at 24:00, and ended the last Saturday of April at 24:00. From February 1992 until March 1993, Colombia suffered rolling blackouts of up to 10 hours a day due to a particularly strong El Niño season, which dried the reservoirs in hydroelectric plants in a country deriving 70% of its energy output from hydroelectric sources; consequently, the government decided to use DST to help save", "title": "Daylight saving time in the Americas" }, { "id": "579626", "text": "sunlight for outdoor exercise. It alters sunlight exposure; whether this is beneficial depends on one's location and daily schedule, as sunlight triggers vitamin D synthesis in the skin, but overexposure can lead to skin cancer. DST may help in depression by causing individuals to rise earlier, but some argue the reverse. The Retinitis Pigmentosa Foundation Fighting Blindness, chaired by blind sports magnate Gordon Gund, successfully lobbied in 1985 and 2005 for U.S. DST extensions. DST shifts are associated with higher rates of ischemic stroke in the first two days after the shift, though not in the week thereafter. Clock shifts", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "579584", "text": "in 1895. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30, 1916. Many countries have used it at various times since then, particularly since the energy crisis of the 1970s. DST is generally not observed near the equator, where sunrise times do not vary enough to justify it. Some countries observe it only in some regions; for example, southern Brazil observes it while equatorial Brazil does not. Only a minority of the world's population uses DST, because Asia and Africa generally do not observe it. DST clock shifts sometimes complicate timekeeping and can disrupt travel,", "title": "Daylight saving time" }, { "id": "8503365", "text": "and three times introduced a bill to the Legislative Council for its adoption. The first two attempts, in 1909 and 1910, failed. In 1917, spurred on perhaps by the recent adoptions of DST in Europe, Anderson introduced a third bill which passed on June 17, 1917. The new law stated that at nine o'clock in the evening of the second Sunday in June clocks would be put ahead to ten o'clock and would not be turned back until the last Sunday in September. It is not clear exactly when clocks were put ahead in 1917, as the bill became law", "title": "Daylight Saving Act of 1917" }, { "id": "11677040", "text": "in the Senate. She told a House committee that the semiannual time switches are not only inconvenient but lead to health problems and accidents due to lost sleep. She added that the bill to drop daylight saving time would reduce heart attacks, car wrecks, and work accidents found to increase with the sleep-schedule disruptions. A different Senate Bill would petition the federal government for year-round DST. The bills were defeated. All U.S. insular territories with civilian government (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands) lie in the tropics and do not observe DST. While neighboring", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "11677041", "text": "Samoa began observing DST in September 2010, the smaller American Samoa cannot legally follow because of the DST observation period mandated by the Uniform Time Act. This period is actually wintertime in this Southern Hemisphere territory. Many computer operating systems (such as Microsoft Windows, Linux, UNIX, and macOS) and programming languages (such as Java, perl, and most shell languages) allow a local time zone setting in the format of \"(standard time zone abbreviation)(UTC hour difference)(daylight saving time zone abbreviation)\". This allows programs and programming languages that must do calculations based on local time to more easily calculate differences between local", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "9275606", "text": "occurred between Sept. 21 and Nov. 11, 1621, with the most likely time being around Michaelmas (Sept. 29), the traditional time.\" Seventeenth-century accounts do not identify this as a Thanksgiving observance, rather it followed the harvest. It included 50 persons who were on the Mayflower (all who remained of the 100 who had landed) and 90 Native Americans. The feast was cooked by the four adult Pilgrim women who survived their first winter in the New World (Eleanor Billington, Elizabeth Hopkins, Mary Brewster, and Susanna White), along with young daughters and male and female servants. Two colonists gave personal accounts", "title": "Thanksgiving (United States)" }, { "id": "11677042", "text": "time and UTC, as well as knowing whether calculations should be changed during daylight saving time. For example, a time zone setting of EST5EDT indicates that local time on the computer is 5 hours behind UTC and should be adjusted for daylight saving time. General topic Official civil time distribution Quasi-governmental time distribution systems Daylight saving time in the United States Daylight saving time in the United States is the practice of setting the clock forward by one hour during the warmer part of the year, so that evenings have more daylight and mornings have less. Most areas of the", "title": "Daylight saving time in the United States" }, { "id": "739717", "text": "and Midwest and the arrival of millions of immigrant workers and farmers from Europe. The national railroad network was completed and large-scale mining and factories industrialized the Northeast and Midwest. Mass dissatisfaction with corruption, inefficiency and traditional politics stimulated the Progressive movement, from the 1890s to 1920s, which led to many reforms including the 16th to 19th constitutional amendments, which brought the federal income tax, direct election of Senators, prohibition, and women's suffrage. Initially neutral during World War I, the United States declared war on Germany in 1917 and funded the Allied victory the following year. Women obtained the right", "title": "History of the United States" }, { "id": "2897485", "text": "that the wasteful nature of much of military spending eventually can hurt technological progress. The United States alone has a very complex history with wartime economies. Many notable instances came during the twentieth century in which America’s main conflicts consisted of the World Wars, Korea, and Vietnam. In mobilizing for World War I, the United States expanded its governmental powers by creating institutions such as the War Industries Board (WIB) to help with military production. Others, such as the Fuel Administration, introduced daylight saving time in an effort to save coal and oil while the Food Administration encouraged higher grain", "title": "War economy" } ]	when did daylight savings begin in the united states
[ "Noah Jupe", "John Krasinski", "Emily Blunt", "Millicent Simmonds" ]	[ { "id": "20236595", "text": "A Quiet Place (film) A Quiet Place is a 2018 American post-apocalyptic horror film directed by John Krasinski, who wrote the screenplay with Bryan Woods and Scott Beck. The film stars Krasinski, alongside Emily Blunt, Millicent Simmonds and Noah Jupe. The plot revolves around a family facing struggles in a post-apocalyptic world inhabited by blind monsters with an acute sense of hearing. The film entered development when Beck and Woods began developing a story that would lead into the film. In July 2016, Krasinski read a spec script and was hired to direct and rewrite the script in March the", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236596", "text": "following year. The film drew inspiration from other films, such as \"Alien\", \"No Country for Old Men\" and \"In the Bedroom\". Krasinski and Blunt were cast in the lead roles in May 2017. Filming took place in upstate New York from May to November 2017. Erik Aadahl and Ethan Van der Ryn served as supervising sound editors, with Marco Beltrami composing a traditional musical score. The film was produced by Sunday Night and Platinum Dunes. \"A Quiet Place\" premiered at South by Southwest on March 9, 2018, and was released in the United States on April 6, 2018, by Paramount", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "3881252", "text": "work in \"The Girl on the Train\", she received nominations for the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) award for Outstanding Female Actor and the BAFTA Award for Best Actress. After providing her voice for the 2017 animated films \"\" and \"Animal Crackers\", Blunt made her return to the screen, in husband John Krasinski's 2018 horror film \"A Quiet Place\", which centers on a family being tormented by monstrous creatures that hunt by sound. Neither Krasinski nor Blunt had any initial plans for Blunt to co-star in the film with him; upon reading the script, Blunt persuaded Krasinski to cast her. \"A", "title": "Emily Blunt" }, { "id": "15154437", "text": "and \"\". In 2018, Fuller and Platinum Dunes produced the post-apocalyptic horror film \"A Quiet Place.\" The film premiered as the Opening Night film at South by Southwest on March 9, 2018, and was released in the United States on April 6, 2018, by Paramount Pictures. It became a major box office hit, grossing $332 million worldwide, and received acclaim from critics, who praised its originality and atmosphere, as well as the acting, direction, and sound design, calling it a \"smart, wickedly frightening good time.\" On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 95% based", "title": "Bradley Fuller" }, { "id": "20236597", "text": "Pictures. It became a major box office hit, grossing over $340 million worldwide, and received acclaim from critics, who praised its originality and atmosphere, as well as the acting, direction, and sound design, calling it a \"smart, wickedly frightening good time.\" It was chosen by both the National Board of Review and American Film Institute as one of the Top 10 Films of 2018, and received numerous award nominations, including a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role for Blunt. A sequel is scheduled", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "3881229", "text": "Woods\" (2014). She received acclaim for her performances as a principled FBI agent in the crime film \"Sicario\" (2015) and an alcoholic in the thriller \"The Girl on the Train\" (2016); for the latter she received a nomination for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role. In 2018, Blunt starred in the acclaimed horror film \"A Quiet Place\", directed by her husband John Krasinski, and played the title character in the musical fantasy \"Mary Poppins Returns\". Blunt was born in Wandsworth, London. She is the second of four children born to Joanna, a former actress and teacher,", "title": "Emily Blunt" }, { "id": "20236607", "text": "parents protecting their children appealed to him, especially as his second child with actress Emily Blunt had just been born. Blunt encouraged him to direct the film. By March 2017, Paramount had bought Beck and Woods's spec script. The studio hired Krasinski to rewrite the script and direct the film, which was his third directorial credit and his first for a major studio. Krasinski cited cinematic influences including \"Alien\" (1979), \"No Country for Old Men\" (2007), and \"In the Bedroom\" (2001) when writing a new draft. Initially, Blunt did not want to be cast in the film but after reading", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20416215", "text": "Hurt and Charles Dance; had one of the lead roles, the son of Matt Damon's character, in the black comedy film, \"Suburbicon\", directed by George Clooney; and appeared in the comedy-drama \"Wonder\" as Jack Will, best friend to Auggie Pullman (played by Jacob Tremblay). In 2018, he starred with Sam Worthington and Tom Wilkinson in science fiction film \"The Titan\", and alongside Emily Blunt and John Krasinski in the well-reviewed horror film \"A Quiet Place\". Krasinski, who cowrote and directed the film, cast Jupe on the recommendation of Clooney. Jupe will next star in the short film adaptation of Stephen", "title": "Noah Jupe" }, { "id": "20236608", "text": "it on a plane, she immediately told her husband, \"I need to do it.\" He agreed, and they were both cast in the starring roles. Production took place from May to November 2017 in Dutchess and Ulster counties in upstate New York. Filmmakers spent their budget locally, including a purchase of of corn, which they hired local farmers to grow. Some filming took place on a soundstage in the town of Pawling in Dutchess County, as well as on-location in the county's city of Beacon. Filming also took place on the Wallkill Valley Rail Trail in New Paltz of Ulster", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "5059293", "text": "which he also co-starred with his wife Emily Blunt. The film was released on April 6, 2018 by Paramount Pictures, to significant critical acclaim. It holds an approval rating of 95% based on 264 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"A Quiet Place\" artfully plays on elemental fears with a ruthlessly intelligent creature feature that's as original as it is scary – and establishes director John Krasinski as a rising talent.\" It also became a major box office hit, grossing over $325 million worldwide. Krasinski produces and stars as the title character in the television series \"Jack Ryan\", making him", "title": "John Krasinski" }, { "id": "2908483", "text": "Form co-produced with Galen Walker, Scott Mednick and Marina Norman and worked on the sequel, which was released on June 3, 2016 and grossed $245 million globally. Platinum Dunes also produced the successful \"The Purge\" series and \"Ouija\" franchise. In April 2018, the company, along with Paramount Pictures, released the horror film \"A Quiet Place\" to a $50 million opening weekend, the second-highest of 2018. The film was written by Scott Beck and Bryan Woods, and directed by John Krasinski, who also rewrote the script. Krasinski starred in the film alongside his real-life wife, Emily Blunt. Platinum Dunes also expanded", "title": "Michael Bay" }, { "id": "20140477", "text": "Millicent Simmonds Millicent \"Millie\" Simmonds (born ) is a deaf American actress who starred in the 2017 drama film \"Wonderstruck\" and the 2018 horror film \"A Quiet Place\". For both films, she was nominated for several awards for best youth performance. In television, she appeared in \"Andi Mack\" in 2018 and will appear in \"This Close\" in 2019. Simmonds is a native of the US state of Utah. She lives in Bountiful, Utah. She has four siblings; two older and two younger than her. At twelve months old, Simmonds lost her hearing due to a medication overdose. Her mother learned", "title": "Millicent Simmonds" }, { "id": "20236634", "text": "a sequel to the first film\", and \"would focus on other people trying to survive the hearing monsters\". Films with little or no dialogue The British Film Institute listed the following noteworthy films with little or no dialogue: A Quiet Place (film) A Quiet Place is a 2018 American post-apocalyptic horror film directed by John Krasinski, who wrote the screenplay with Bryan Woods and Scott Beck. The film stars Krasinski, alongside Emily Blunt, Millicent Simmonds and Noah Jupe. The plot revolves around a family facing struggles in a post-apocalyptic world inhabited by blind monsters with an acute sense of hearing.", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20416213", "text": "Noah Jupe Noah Casford Jupe (born 25 February 2005) is an English actor. He is known for appearing in the television series \"The Night Manager\", the dark comedy film \"Suburbicon\", the drama film \"Wonder\", and the horror film \"A Quiet Place\". He made his feature film acting debut in 2017 with the war drama film \"The Man with the Iron Heart\". Noah Casford Jupe was born on 25 February 2005 in Islington, London, to filmmaker Chris Jupe and actress Katy Cavanagh. He currently lives in Manchester. He has a younger sister and a younger brother. Jupe started his acting career", "title": "Noah Jupe" }, { "id": "20416216", "text": "King's \"My Pretty Pony\" along with Tobin Bell. He will also star in the film \"Honey Boy\" opposite Shia LaBeouf and Lucas Hedges, an independent film based on LaBeouf's life. Jupe will play LaBeouf in his childhood. Noah Jupe Noah Casford Jupe (born 25 February 2005) is an English actor. He is known for appearing in the television series \"The Night Manager\", the dark comedy film \"Suburbicon\", the drama film \"Wonder\", and the horror film \"A Quiet Place\". He made his feature film acting debut in 2017 with the war drama film \"The Man with the Iron Heart\". Noah Casford", "title": "Noah Jupe" }, { "id": "20236620", "text": "of $340.7 million. Paramount Pictures released the film in in the United States and Canada on , 2018, alongside \"Blockers\", \"Chappaquiddick\", and \"The Miracle Season\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"B+\" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it an 81% overall positive score and a 63% \"definite recommend\". The film made $19 million on its first day (including $4.3 million from Thursday night previews at ), increasing weekend projections to $47 million. Unlike most horror films, which are front-loaded on Friday and suffer drops the rest of the weekend,", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "16776557", "text": "Beck, Michael Bay and Platinum Dunes, stars Emily Blunt and John Krasinski, the latter of who also directed and re-wrote the script. Paramount subsequently signed Woods and Beck to a blind script deal for a second project they will write and direct. \"A Quiet Place\" was released in April 2018 to critical acclaim with an approval rating of 95% and became a major box office hit, grossing over $330 million worldwide. The duo also wrote and directed the thriller \"Haunt\", produced by Eli Roth and Sierra/Affinity. In June 2018, Woods and Beck signed on to adapt and executive produce Stephen", "title": "Bryan Woods" }, { "id": "5059292", "text": "2016, he directed a live reading of the \"Good Will Hunting\" (1997) screenplay at New York's Skirball Theater in a one-off stage appearance of both the original stars Ben Affleck and Matt Damon along with Emily Blunt. Krasinski's only release in 2017 was Kathryn Bigelow's \"Detroit\". The film was set during the 1967 Detroit riots and was released in July 2017, around the time of the 50th anniversary of the events, and on the anniversary day of the Algiers Motel incident, which is depicted in the film. In 2018, Krasinski directed and co-wrote the horror film \"A Quiet Place\", in", "title": "John Krasinski" }, { "id": "789278", "text": "the Academy Award for Best Director for John Ford, his fourth, and for Best Cinematography. In 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\". In the 1920s, Sean Thornton (John Wayne), an Irish-born American from Pittsburgh, travels to Ireland to reclaim his family's farm and his birthplace in Inisfree. He meets and falls in love with the fiery Mary Kate Danaher (Maureen O'Hara), the sister of the bullying, loud-mouthed landowner Squire \"Red\" Will Danaher (Victor McLaglen). Danaher, who had wanted the farm", "title": "The Quiet Man" }, { "id": "17774898", "text": "Bay and Platinum Dunes, stars Emily Blunt and John Krasinski, the latter of who also directed and re-wrote the script. Paramount subsequently signed Beck and Woods to a blind script deal for a second project they will write and direct. \"A Quiet Place\" was released in April 2018 to critical acclaim with an approval rating of 95% and became a major box office hit, grossing over $330 million worldwide. The duo also wrote and directed the thriller \"Haunt\", produced by Eli Roth and Sierra/Affinity. In June 2018, Beck and Woods signed on to adapt and executive produce Stephen King's short", "title": "Scott Beck" }, { "id": "20236598", "text": "to be released on May 15, 2020. Over three months in 2020, most of Earth's human and animal populations have been wiped out by sightless creatures of unknown origin. The creatures, attacking anything that makes noise, have hypersensitive hearing and indestructible, armored skin. The Abbott familywife Evelyn, husband Lee, congenitally deaf daughter Regan, and sons Marcus and Beausilently scavenge for supplies in a deserted town. While out in the open, the family communicates with American Sign Language (ASL). Four-year-old Beau is drawn to a battery-powered space shuttle toy, but Lee takes it away due to the noise it would make.", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "175204", "text": "globally. \"Gerald's Game\" (2017) is a psychological horror film based on Stephen King's novel of the same name. Other horror films include \"Frozen\" (2010), \"Black Swan\" (2010), \"Devil\" (2010), \"The Innkeepers\" (2011), \"Oculus\" (2013), \"Under the Skin\" (2013),\" Mama\" (2013)\", Green Room\" (2015)\", The Invitation (2015), Hush\" (2016), \"Lights Out\" (2016), \"Don't Breathe\" (2016), \"Mother!\" (2017), \"It Comes at Night\" (2017), and \"Unsane\" (2018). \"A Quiet Place\" (2018) is a critically acclaimed post-apocalyptic science-fiction horror film with a plot that follows a family who must live life in silence while hiding from extraterrestrial creatures that arrived on earth on fragments", "title": "Horror film" }, { "id": "5059273", "text": "also served as a producer and occasional director of the series throughout its nine-season run. His film credits include \"License to Wed\" (2007), \"Leatherheads\" (2008), \"Away We Go\" (2009), \"It's Complicated\" (2009), \"Something Borrowed\" (2011), \"Big Miracle\" (2012), \"Promised Land\" (2012), \"Aloha\" (2015), and \"\" (2016). Krasinski directed and starred in the drama \"Brief Interviews with Hideous Men\" (2009) and the comedy-drama film \"The Hollars\" (2016). In 2018, Krasinski co-wrote, directed, and starred in the critically acclaimed horror film \"A Quiet Place\". That year, he began portraying the title character in the Amazon thriller series \"Jack Ryan\", which he also", "title": "John Krasinski" }, { "id": "20236633", "text": "Blu-ray, Blu-ray and DVD on July 10, 2018. In April 2018, Paramount Chair and CEO Jim Gianopulos said a sequel to the film was \"in the works\". Screenwriters Woods and Beck had previously stated that they had begun thinking of ideas and set pieces for a possible second film. In August 2018, Paramount scheduled the film for a May 15, 2020 release date, with Krasinski returning to write the script, Platinum Dunes producers Bay, Form and Fuller returning to produce it, and Emily Blunt reprising her role. In November 2018, in a interview, Krasinski said the sequel \"would not be", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20140481", "text": "May 2017, \"Millie plans to continue both acting and advocating for the deaf community.\" In 2018, she starred in the horror film \"A Quiet Place\" as the deaf daughter of a hearing couple, played by John Krasinski and Emily Blunt. While the producers did not specifically plan to cast a deaf actress to play the deaf daughter, Krasinski, who was also the director, pushed to have a deaf actress. Simmonds and her family answered Krasinski's questions for writing about a family with a deaf child. The filmmakers hired an ASL interpreter for Simmonds, so that spoken and signed language could", "title": "Millicent Simmonds" }, { "id": "789298", "text": "It was narrated by Gabriel Byrne, and had interviews with Peter Bogdanovich, Martin Scorsese, Charles F. Fitzsimons, and Maureen O'Hara. It was released on DVD and Blu-ray for the first time on March 24, 2015. The Quiet Man The Quiet Man is a 1952 Technicolor American romantic comedy-drama film directed by John Ford. It stars John Wayne, Maureen O'Hara, Barry Fitzgerald, Ward Bond and Victor McLaglen. The screenplay by Frank S. Nugent was based on a 1933 \"Saturday Evening Post\" short story of the same name by Maurice Walsh, later published as part of a collection titled \"The Green Rushes\".", "title": "The Quiet Man" }, { "id": "20236623", "text": "$15 million from 57 markets. In its fourth weekend in international markets, it grossed $6.6 million. As of May 20, 2018, the film's largest markets were United Kingdom ($16.3 million), Australia ($9.3 million), Mexico ($7.5 million) and Brazil ($6.9 million). The film was released in China on May 18 and made $17.7 million from 8,731 screens in its opening weekend. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 95% based on 324 reviews, and an average rating of 8.2/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"A Quiet Place\" artfully plays on elemental fears with a ruthlessly", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236617", "text": "on , 2018. It was selected from 2,458 submissions, and earned \"raves\" from critics, according to \"IndieWire\". Following its premiere, the film experienced social media growth to under views across multiple platforms, outpacing \"Get Out\" (2017), which had views. \"The Tracking Board\" reported on , \"The stellar reviews out of SXSW, coupled with the fact that there isn't anything like it in the marketplace, should help it stand out among its bigger-budget competition.\" \"Deadline Hollywood\" said on that the film was projected to gross around $20 million in its opening weekend. \"Variety\" reported on that the film \"is tracking to", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "16673668", "text": "Pillai and Jishnu Raghavan died before they could see the fruit of their efforts onscreen. The supporting cast includes Ann Zibi, Amit Roy, Manuj Bhaskar, Raj Arjun, Syed Zafar Ali, Leena Panchal, Talib Mehdi,Satyajeet Bhattacharya, Ritika Murthy, Sheron Kurian A., Raj Gopal Iyer, Ritesh Raghuvanshi, Sanjay Gurubaxani, Mohd Rashid Ghaswala, Vijay Sanap, Manish Sharma, Harish Shashi Nair, Santosh Krishnan, Shahrukh B Sadri, Sandeep Singh Chopra, Premchand Singh, Gunjan Khare, Sagar Kale, Avesh Khan, Amit Shukla, Hagupreet Singh, Raj Singh, Ajay Arya, Nidha Bhat and Sameer Gogate Endemol India that has produced several local television shows ventured into feature films, after", "title": "Traffic (2016 film)" }, { "id": "20236605", "text": "it. The family views a CCTV monitor, showing two creatures attracted by the noise of the shotgun blast approaching the house. With their newly acquired knowledge of the creatures' weakness, the members of the family arm themselves and prepare to fight back. \"A Quiet Place\" is a production of Sunday Night and Platinum Dunes; it was produced on a budget of . Krasinski wrote the screenplay with story co-writers Scott Beck and Bryan Woods. Beck and Woods grew up together in the US state of Iowa, and had watched numerous silent films in college. By 2013, they began working on", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "6391450", "text": "The Quiet The Quiet is a 2005 American drama thriller film directed by Jamie Babbit and starring Camilla Belle and Elisha Cuthbert. It focuses on a deaf-mute teenage girl, Dot (Camilla Belle) who goes to live with her godparents (played by Martin Donovan and Edie Falco) after her father dies, where she slowly learns the disturbing secrets of the family, primarily concerning their teenage daughter, Nina (Elisha Cuthbert). The film was acquired by Destination Films, which released this film in the United States theatrically through Sony Pictures Classics on August 25, 2006, and marketed with the tagline: \"\"Isn't it time", "title": "The Quiet" }, { "id": "20119189", "text": "Ashley Mary Nunes Ashley Mary Nunes is an American horror actress, producer, model, and Wonder Woman impersonator. Her brother is horror film screenwriter and director Todd Nunes. Nunes earned a Psychology degree from California State University, Stanislaus and worked as a Probation Counselor. Nunes will be featured in the upcoming Grindhouse horror film \"Death Ward 13\" with former Misfit’s Guitarist Doyle Wolfgang von Frankenstein, and directed by Todd Nunes. She will also star as \"Lori\" in the 2018 horror film \"Safe Place\" alongside co-stars Genoveva Rossi, Lloyd Kaufman, and James R Taylor. Ashley Mary Nunes starred in the Holiday horror", "title": "Ashley Mary Nunes" }, { "id": "20236619", "text": "in recent years, setting this release up for potential success.\" It added that \"A Quiet Place\" would have to compete against another horror film, \"Truth or Dare\", which would be released the following weekend. The magazine's staff drew \"very favorable\" comparisons between \"A Quiet Place\" and the 2016 films \"10 Cloverfield Lane\" and \"Don't Breathe\". \"A Quiet Place\" was first commercially released in theaters in the first week of April 2018 in multiple territories, including North America. \"A Quiet Place\" has grossed $188 million in the United States and Canada, and $152.7 million in other territories, for a worldwide total", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236624", "text": "intelligent creature feature that's as original as it is scary – and establishes director John Krasinski as a rising talent.\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 82 out of 100, based on 55 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\". Writing for \"Rolling Stone\", Peter Travers gave the film 3.5 out of 4 stars, saying, \"The question Krasinski tackles is what defines a family and what's needed to preserve it? 'Who are we', asks Mom, 'if we can't protect our children?' The answers are worked out with satisfying complexity and genuine feeling, proving indeed that home is where family", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "747523", "text": "2013 British-American comic science fiction film directed by Edgar Wright, written by Wright and Simon Pegg, and starring Pegg, Nick Frost, Paddy Considine, Martin Freeman, Eddie Marsan and Rosamund Pike. The film follows a group of friends who discover an alien invasion during a pub crawl in their home town. In the final confrontation with the aliens (Bill Nighy) it is revealed that it was the aliens who helped create all the technology around us and once the aliens were ordered to leave the world reset to a post apocalyptic state. In the 2018 horror film \"A Quiet Place\", society", "title": "Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction" }, { "id": "15154438", "text": "on 288 reviews, and an average rating of 8.1/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"A Quiet Place\" artfully plays on elemental fears with a ruthlessly intelligent creature feature that's as original as it is scary.\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 82 out of 100, based on 55 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\". \"A Quiet Place\" ranks sixth on the list of all-time highest-grossing films in the horror-thriller genre, and currently has the highest worldwide box office gross for a live-action film from an original screenplay since \"Gravity\" in 2013. Later in 2018 saw the release of", "title": "Bradley Fuller" }, { "id": "20748891", "text": "was announced that Sandler and Jennifer Aniston had signed to star, reuniting them after \"Just Go with It\". The film will be directed by Kyle Newacheck from the script written by Vanderbilt and will premiere on Netflix as part of Sandler's distribution deal. In June 2018, Luke Evans, Gemma Arterton, David Walliams, Erik Griffin, John Kani, Shioli Kutsuna, Luis Gerardo Mendez, Adeel Akhtar, Ólafur Darri Ólafsson, Dany Boon and Terence Stamp had joined the cast. Principal photography on the film began on June 14, 2018 in Montréal. In late July 2018, filming began in Italy at different locations including Santa", "title": "Murder Mystery (film)" }, { "id": "20236616", "text": "2017. It aired a 30-second commercial for the film during the US football playoff Super Bowl LII on February 4, 2018. Of the seven trailers that aired during the playoff, \"A Quiet Place\" and \"Red Sparrow\" were shown during the pregame and had the lowest views and social conversations. \"A Quiet Place\" had 149,000 views on YouTube, 275,000 views on Facebook, and 2,900 social conversations. On February 12, 2018, Krasinski appeared on \"The Ellen DeGeneres Show\" to present the full trailer for \"A Quiet Place\". \"A Quiet Place\" premiered at the South by Southwest Film Festival as the opening-night film", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236628", "text": "really fun—but certainly about deep stuff like that, is awesome.\" Krasinski, who did not grow up with horror films, said that prior films of the genre such as \"Don't Breathe\" (2016) and \"Get Out\" (2017) that had societal commentary were part of his research. In addition to considering his film a metaphor for parenthood, he compared the premise to US politics in 2018, \"I think in our political situation, that's what's going on now: You can close your eyes and stick your head in the sand, or you can try to participate in whatever's going on.\" He cited \"Jaws\" (1975)", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "789277", "text": "The Quiet Man The Quiet Man is a 1952 Technicolor American romantic comedy-drama film directed by John Ford. It stars John Wayne, Maureen O'Hara, Barry Fitzgerald, Ward Bond and Victor McLaglen. The screenplay by Frank S. Nugent was based on a 1933 \"Saturday Evening Post\" short story of the same name by Maurice Walsh, later published as part of a collection titled \"The Green Rushes\". The film is notable for Winton Hoch's lush photography of the Irish countryside and a long, climactic, semi-comic fist fight. It was an official selection of the 1952 Venice Film Festival. \"The Quiet Man\" won", "title": "The Quiet Man" }, { "id": "20236612", "text": "\"In the movie, we've been signing together for years and years. So it should look fluent.\" She observed that the way the others used their sign language reflected their characters' motivations; the father had short and brief signs that showed his survival mentality, while the mother had more expressive signs as part of her wanting her children to experience more than survival. Krasinski said Simmonds's character was \"a little bit of the warrior princess, the black sheep in the family,\" and that she used \"signing that's very defiant, it's very teenage defiant.\" Simmonds said that for a scene in which", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236601", "text": "and alerts a nearby creature. Evelyn flips a switch that changes the exterior house lights to red as a danger signal to the others and struggles to remain silent during her contractions. Arriving at the farm and seeing the lights, Lee instructs Marcus to set off fireworks as a diversion. Arriving at the house, Lee finds Evelyn hiding in the bathroom with their newborn son and, along with Evelyn, makes his way to their improvised soundproofed basement. Lee leaves to find the other children, promising Evelyn he will protect them. Evelyn then falls asleep but soon wakes to discover that", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "19276572", "text": "Max Records Max Records (born June 18, 1997) is an American actor. He is most notable for his roles as Max in the film \"Where the Wild Things Are\", for which he won the 2009 Young Artist Award for Best Leading Young Actor in a Feature Film, and as Slater Pedulla in \"The Sitter\". He starred in the lead role of John Wayne Cleaver in the 2016 film titled \"I Am Not A Serial Killer\" based on the Dan Wells' 2009 novel of the same name which received positive reviews and ratings. He has also appeared as a guest on", "title": "Max Records" }, { "id": "9723638", "text": "Haley Bennett Haley Loraine Keeling (born January 7, 1988), known professionally as Haley Bennett, is an American actress and singer. She made her film debut as pop star Cora Corman in the romantic comedy \"Music and Lyrics\" (2007) and has since appeared in the films \"The Haunting of Molly Hartley\" (2008), \"College\" (2008), \"The Hole\" (2009), \"Kaboom\" (2010), \"The Equalizer\" (2014), \"Kristy\" (2014), \"Hardcore Henry\" (2015), \"The Magnificent Seven\" (2016), \"The Girl on the Train\" (2016) and \"Thank You for Your Service\" (2017). Bennett's parents, Leilani (née Dorsey Bennett) and Ronald Keeling, met in church, when they were quit young", "title": "Haley Bennett" }, { "id": "20236613", "text": "her character fights with her father in sign language, she suggested for the daughter to rebel rather than cower as in the script. She also said that at the end of the film, the script originally had the father sign to his daughter, \"I love you,\" but she suggested for him to follow with \"I've always loved you\" to make up for their arguing earlier in the film, which prompted Krasinski to cry. The producers Andrew Form and Bradley Fuller said they initially planned not to provide on-screen subtitles for sign-language dialogue with \"context clues,\" but realized that for the", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "2293309", "text": "in the television series \"Sex and the City\". He made his film debut two years later in the comedy \"Wet Hot American Summer\". He first gained recognition as Will Tippin in the spy-action television show \"Alias\" (2001–2006), and achieved minor success with a supporting part in the comedy film \"Wedding Crashers\" (2005). His breakthrough role came in 2009 with \"The Hangover\", a critically and commercially successful comedy, which spawned two sequels in 2011 and 2013. Cooper's portrayal of a struggling writer in the thriller \"Limitless\" (2011) and a rookie police officer in the crime drama \"The Place Beyond the Pines\"", "title": "Bradley Cooper" }, { "id": "18528271", "text": "Dark Places (2015 film) Dark Places is a 2015 mystery thriller film directed by Gilles Paquet-Brenner. The screenplay, by Paquet-Brenner, is based on Gillian Flynn's 2009 novel of the same name. It stars Charlize Theron, Christina Hendricks, Nicholas Hoult, and Chloë Grace Moretz. The film was released in France on April 8, 2015, and in the United States on August 7, 2015, by A24. It is the second film on which Theron and Hoult have collaborated, the first being \"\". The film opens in 1985 in Kinnakee, Kansas, where Libby Day is the sole survivor of the massacre of her", "title": "Dark Places (2015 film)" }, { "id": "20236614", "text": "scene in which the deaf daughter and her hearing father argue about the modified hearing aid, subtitles were necessary. The producers subsequently added subtitles for all sign-language dialogue in the film. Producer Brad Fuller said, \"And I think once you put one subtitle in, you subtitle the whole movie. You don't take liberties like, 'Oh they probably know what I love you is, but we don't subtitle it.' It's just gonna live everywhere and that's the world we live by.\" Production designer Jeffrey Beecroft headed the creature design, and Industrial Light & Magic created the creatures, led by visual effects", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236611", "text": "feedback, normally avoided by sound editors, was woven into the story at a loudness level that would not bother audiences too much. Because the characters communicate in American Sign Language to avoid making sound, filmmakers hired deaf mentor Douglas Ridloff to teach ASL to the actors and to be available to make corrections. The filmmakers also hired an ASL interpreter for deaf actress Simmonds, so that spoken and signed language could be interpreted back and forth on set. Simmonds, who is growing up with ASL, helped teach her fellow actors to sign. She said of the need to practice ASL,", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "8279525", "text": "Ben Lawson Ben Lawson (born 6 February 1980) is an Australian actor, known for his role as Frazer Yeats in the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\" from 2006 to 2008. Lawson has since appeared in several American television series, including \"The Deep End\", \"Covert Affairs\", and \"Don't Trust the B---- in Apartment 23\". In 2011, he starred opposite Natalie Portman and Ashton Kutcher in the film \"No Strings Attached\". Recently, he starred as Damien Rennett on the ABC political drama \"Designated Survivor\" and as Larry Hemsworth on \"The Good Place\". Ben was born and raised in Brisbane, Queensland. He attended St.", "title": "Ben Lawson" }, { "id": "2940540", "text": "producer Katharine Cornell cast Power as her love interest in the play \"The Dark is Light Enough\", a verse drama by British dramatist Christopher Fry set in Austria in 1848. Between November 1954 and April 1955, Power toured the United States and Canada in the role, ending with 12 weeks at the ANTA Theater, New York, and two weeks at the Colonial Theater, Boston. His performance in Julian Claman's \"A Quiet Place\", staged at the National Theater, Washington, at the end of 1955 was warmly received by the critics. \"Untamed\" (1955) was Tyrone Power's last movie made under his contract", "title": "Tyrone Power" }, { "id": "2448552", "text": "Jeremy Sumpter Jeremy Robert Myron Sumpter (born February 5, 1989) is an American actor. His prominent roles include the title role in the 2003 live action film \"Peter Pan\", Jacob in the 2014 disaster film \"Into the Storm\", and the recurring role of J. D. McCoy in the NBC television series \"Friday Night Lights\" (2008–2010). Sumpter was born in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, to Sandy (née Johnson) and Gary Sumpter. He has a twin sister, Jessica, and two other siblings, Travis and Jennifer. His family moved to his mother's hometown, Mount Sterling, Kentucky, when he was ten months old. When Sumpter was", "title": "Jeremy Sumpter" }, { "id": "20236606", "text": "the story that would lead to the film. They used their experience growing up close to farmland as the basis, including a grain silo setting as a place considered dangerous in their upbringing. They initiated their approach with a 15-page proof of concept. Initially, the writers had considered developing the film into a \"Cloverfield\" installment, but after pitching their ideas to the studio collectively, all of those involved decided to keep the film its own entity. In January 2016, Beck and Woods began writing \"A Quiet Place\" in earnest. Krasinski read their spec script the following July. The concept of", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "18929392", "text": "the Lucille Lortel Theater starting January 2017 and closed on March 4, 2017. In February 2018, Smith co-starred in \"Every Day\" as Justin, boyfriend of lead character Rhiannon. A few months later, in June 2018, he had a major role in the science fiction sequel \"\". In November 2018, it was announced that Smith would star in \"\", a live-action film based on the video game of the same name. In July 2018, Smith was set to star alongside Elle Fanning in \"All the Bright Places\", to be directed by Brett Haley from a screenplay by Liz Hannah and Jennifer", "title": "Justice Smith" }, { "id": "6391479", "text": "amateur comedy -\"Pretty Persuasion\" without the guts.\" The Quiet The Quiet is a 2005 American drama thriller film directed by Jamie Babbit and starring Camilla Belle and Elisha Cuthbert. It focuses on a deaf-mute teenage girl, Dot (Camilla Belle) who goes to live with her godparents (played by Martin Donovan and Edie Falco) after her father dies, where she slowly learns the disturbing secrets of the family, primarily concerning their teenage daughter, Nina (Elisha Cuthbert). The film was acquired by Destination Films, which released this film in the United States theatrically through Sony Pictures Classics on August 25, 2006, and", "title": "The Quiet" }, { "id": "14419741", "text": "The Secret Place (film) The Secret Place is a 1957 British crime film, and the directorial debut of Clive Donner. It stars Belinda Lee, Ronald Lewis, and a young David McCallum in a supporting role. Crime heist melodrama set in the bombed out East End of London. A diamond robbery is masterminded by small-time crooks, and an adolescent boy finds himself unwittingly caught up in events, after discovering they've hidden the loot in his home. In East London, young Freddie Hatwood has a crush on kiosk attendant Molly Wilson, who is engaged to Gerry Garter. Gerry is part of a", "title": "The Secret Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236600", "text": "Later, Lee takes Marcus to a nearby river with a large waterfall to teach him to fish while Regan visits Beau's memorial. Lee explains to Marcus that they are safe from the creatures in the presence of louder sounds, as the sounds mask out their voices. Marcus then reveals that Regan blames herself for Beau's death and needs her father to tell her he still loves her. Alone at the house, Evelyn goes into labor earlier than expected. While making her way to their basement, she steps on an exposed nail. In pain, she accidentally drops a glass picture frame", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "5059294", "text": "the fifth actor to portray the character after Alec Baldwin, Harrison Ford, Ben Affleck and Chris Pine from the film series. \"Jack Ryan\" premiered on Amazon Video on August 31, 2018. Four months before the series premiere, the series was renewed for a second season, after the critical and commercial success of \"A Quiet Place\". Beginning in March 2006, Krasinski narrated a series of commercials for Ask.com. He has also narrated commercials for Apple TV, Verizon Wireless, Esurance, BlackBerry Storm, My Coke Rewards, and Carnival Cruise Lines, and has appeared in print advertisements for Gap. Krasinski began dating English actress", "title": "John Krasinski" }, { "id": "307318", "text": "2015. Bob Bakish, CEO of parent Viacom, said in a statement that turnaround efforts \"have firmly taken hold as the studio improved margins and returned to profitability. This month’s outstanding box-office performance of \"A Quiet Place\", the first film produced and released under the new team at Paramount, is a clear sign of our progress.\" On December 7, 2017, it was reported that Paramount sold the international distribution rights to \"Annihilation\" to Netflix. Netflix subsequently bought the worldwide rights to \"The Cloverfield Paradox\" for $50 million. On November 16, 2018, Paramount signed a multi-picture film deal with Netflix as part", "title": "Paramount Pictures" }, { "id": "18528280", "text": "based on 19 critics, indicating \"generally unfavorable reviews\". The film grossed a meager total of $208,588 in the United States from 151 venues over the course of two weeks. Overseas, the film earned $3,304,354 for a worldwide total of $3,512,942. Dark Places (2015 film) Dark Places is a 2015 mystery thriller film directed by Gilles Paquet-Brenner. The screenplay, by Paquet-Brenner, is based on Gillian Flynn's 2009 novel of the same name. It stars Charlize Theron, Christina Hendricks, Nicholas Hoult, and Chloë Grace Moretz. The film was released in France on April 8, 2015, and in the United States on August", "title": "Dark Places (2015 film)" }, { "id": "20236629", "text": "as an influence, with how the protagonist police officer moved from New York to an island to avoid frightening situations, and was forced to encounter one in his new location with shark attacks. Matthew Monagle of \"Film School Rejects\" said \"A Quiet Place\" seemed to be \"the early frontrunner for the sparsely intellectual horror movie of the year\", like previous films \"The Babadook\" (2014) and \"The Witch\" (2015). Monagle said Krasinski, who had directed two previous films, was \"making an unusual pivot into a genre typically reserved for newcomers\", and considered it to be part of a movement toward horror", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "16091605", "text": "the hospital because of undisclosed egg whites in a parfait he ate. Jason Mantzoukas Jason Mantzoukas (; born December 18, 1972) is an American comedic actor best known for his recurring roles as Rafi in the FX comedy series \"The League\" and Nuclear Nadal in \"The Dictator\". Mantzoukas has appeared in such films as \"Sleeping with Other People\", \"They Came Together\", and \"Conception\". He has had recurring roles on the three TV shows created by Michael Schur: \"Parks and Recreation\" as Dennis Feinstein; \"Brooklyn Nine-Nine\" as Adrian Pimento; and \"The Good Place\" as Derek Hoffstetler. He also co-hosts the popular", "title": "Jason Mantzoukas" }, { "id": "9723667", "text": "\"Thank You for Your Service\". Bennett was cast in Terrence Malick's musical drama film \"Song to Song\", alongside Christian Bale, but her scenes were later cut. She is expecting her first child with director Joe Wright in 2019. Haley Bennett Haley Loraine Keeling (born January 7, 1988), known professionally as Haley Bennett, is an American actress and singer. She made her film debut as pop star Cora Corman in the romantic comedy \"Music and Lyrics\" (2007) and has since appeared in the films \"The Haunting of Molly Hartley\" (2008), \"College\" (2008), \"The Hole\" (2009), \"Kaboom\" (2010), \"The Equalizer\" (2014), \"Kristy\"", "title": "Haley Bennett" }, { "id": "16091600", "text": "Jason Mantzoukas Jason Mantzoukas (; born December 18, 1972) is an American comedic actor best known for his recurring roles as Rafi in the FX comedy series \"The League\" and Nuclear Nadal in \"The Dictator\". Mantzoukas has appeared in such films as \"Sleeping with Other People\", \"They Came Together\", and \"Conception\". He has had recurring roles on the three TV shows created by Michael Schur: \"Parks and Recreation\" as Dennis Feinstein; \"Brooklyn Nine-Nine\" as Adrian Pimento; and \"The Good Place\" as Derek Hoffstetler. He also co-hosts the popular film discussion podcast \"How Did This Get Made?\" alongside Paul Scheer and", "title": "Jason Mantzoukas" }, { "id": "17224391", "text": "Emory Cohen Emory Isaac Cohen (born March 13, 1990) is an American actor. He made his feature film debut in \"Afterschool\" (2008). He is best known for his roles as AJ Cross in Derek Cianfrance's film \"The Place Beyond the Pines\" (2012), Tony Fiorello in John Crowley's film \"Brooklyn\" (2015) and Homer in the Netflix series \"The OA\" (2016). Cohen was born in Manhattan, the only child of Donna (née Ackerman), a director of a preschool, and Noel Cohen, a music teacher. He is Jewish, a fourth generation New Yorker whose ancestors emigrated from Russia. Cohen made his stage debut", "title": "Emory Cohen" }, { "id": "18906306", "text": "García Bernal, and Diego Luna. The film was directed by Matt Piedmont and was released on March 16, 2012. In 2013, Martinez appeared in the biographical comedy film \"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty\" as Hernando for a supporting role along with Ben Stiller and Kristen Wiig in the lead. Stiller directed the film based on the script by Steve Conrad, which released in North America by 20th Century Fox on December 25, 2013. Later he also starred in the film \"American Hustle\" as Julius along with Christian Bale, Bradley Cooper, Jeremy Renner, Amy Adams, and Jennifer Lawrence. David O.", "title": "Adrian Martinez (actor)" }, { "id": "20657463", "text": "or sometimes directly interfere with what he demanded from other visitors. The film was presented at the Rome Film Festival in 2017 and was released on Italian screens on 9 November 2017. The Place (film) The Place is a 2017 Italian film directed by Paolo Genovese, who also co-authored the script. It is a cinematographic adaptation of the television series \"The Booth at the End\". The film features Marco Giallini, Alessandro Borghi, Sabrina Ferilli, Giulia Lazzarini, Vinicio Marchioni, Valerio Mastandrea, Silvio Muccino, Rocco Papaleo, Vittoria Puccini and Alba Rohrwacher. A mysterious man is sitting at the table in a cheap", "title": "The Place (film)" }, { "id": "5853340", "text": "the Abbey Company to the United States. In 1936, John Ford brought him to the United States to act in a film version of \"The Plough and the Stars\". Some of his memorable roles were in Ford films. Shields portrayed the Reverend Playfair in Ford's \"The Quiet Man\", opposite John Wayne, Maureen O'Hara and his brother, Barry Fitzgerald. He played Dr. Laughlin in \"She Wore a Yellow Ribbon\" with Wayne and Joanne Dru, and appeared yet again with Wayne and Barry Fitzgerald in Ford's \"Long Voyage Home\". His other films include: \"Little Nellie Kelly\", \"The Keys of the Kingdom\", \"The", "title": "Arthur Shields" }, { "id": "17423081", "text": "supernatural horror film directed by James Wan, which was released on July 19, 2013. Jerins played Judy Warren, the daughter of Ed and Lorraine Warren (Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga). Jerins co-starred in the romantic comedy \"And So It Goes\", directed by Rob Reiner, playing the supporting role of Michael Douglas' character's granddaughter. In 2015, Jerins co-starred in the mystery thriller \"Dark Places\", based on the novel of same name written by Gillian Flynn. Jerins played a young version of Charlize Theron's lead character Libby Day. Also that same year, she co-starred with Owen Wilson and Lake Bell in the", "title": "Sterling Jerins" }, { "id": "3161317", "text": "out her speaking part for the theatrical release. She had received the role after appearing on the Australian reality show \"Dream Factory\". She also appeared in an advertising campaign for Rice Krispies cereal in the United States. In 2017, she is slated to star in an upcoming short movie \"The Order\" alongside : Austin St. John, Walter Emanuel Jones, David Yost, Johnny Yong Bosch, Paul Schrier, Karan Ashley, Steve Cardenas, Erin Cahill, Blake Foster, Nakia Burrise, Hilary Shepard Turner, Dan Southworth, Alyson Sullivan, Deborah Estelle Phillips and Azim Rizk. Catherine Sutherland Catherine Jane Sutherland (born 24 October 1974) is an", "title": "Catherine Sutherland" }, { "id": "18053116", "text": "Navarro has written and directed four movies: \"American Lowrider,\" starring Danny Trejo; \"Anything is Possible\", starring Lacey Chabert, Jonathan Bennett and Ethan Bortnick in his feature film debut; \"American Justice\" (which he co-write with Jerry Bryant and Tommy Lister); and \"Gone Hollywood\". He also directed \"Lean like a Cholo\" starring Danny Trejo, \"Put Your Locs On\" and \"Silent No More\" starring K.D. Aubert, Kym Whitley and Erlinda Orozsco. He produced \"Runaways\", which was nominated for several awards, including the Los Angeles FirstGlance Film Festival for Best Feature in 2004, the Philadelphia FirstGlance Film Festival for Best Feature in 2005 and", "title": "Demetrius Navarro" }, { "id": "10262031", "text": "Fiction\", by Taylor Swift. In 2017, Zackham wrote and produced \"Second Act\" for STX Entertainment. In October 2017, Leah Remini, Annaleigh Ashford, Vanessa Hudgens, Dan Bucatinsky and Freddie Stroma joined the cast of the film.Starring Jennifer Lopez, Vanessa Hudgens, Milo Ventimiglia, Leah Remini, Treat Williams, Annaleigh Ashford, and Charlyne Yi. The film was directed by Peter Segal and will be released over Thanksgiving, 2018. Zackham is the creator and executive producer of the FX drama series \"Lights Out\", about a former heavyweight champion facing bankruptcy and Alzheimer's disease. He wrote \"Riverside\", a 2007 television pilot, a coming of age semi-autobiographical", "title": "Justin Zackham" }, { "id": "5431822", "text": "star Joaquin Phoenix as The Joker. As of July 2018, Scorsese was no longer involved in the project. Todd Phillips Todd Phillips (born Todd Bunzl; December 20, 1970) is an American director, producer, screenwriter and actor. He is best known for writing and directing films, including \"Road Trip\" (2000), \"Old School\" (2003), \"Starsky & Hutch\" (2004), \"The Hangover Trilogy\" (2009, 2011, and 2013), \"Due Date\" (2010) and \"War Dogs\" (2016). For his work on the film \"Borat\", he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Born in Brooklyn and raised in Huntington, New York, Phillips attended New", "title": "Todd Phillips" }, { "id": "20236631", "text": "self-giving love. Barron noted the pervasive pro-life themes, especially in the choices of the parents, as Mrs. Abbott risks everything to give birth to a child, and her husband lays down his own life so that the children can live: what Barron sees as the ultimate expression of parental love. Sonny Bunch of the \"Washington Post\" also commented and expanded on a pro-life message. Krasinski, who had recently become a father, said in a conference interview \"I was already in a state of terror about whether or not I was a good enough father,\" and added that the meaning of", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "20236626", "text": "its own premise.\" Michael Phillips of the \"Chicago Tribune\" gave the film 2.5 out of 4 stars and said, \"My favorite moment, an encounter between Regan and one of the monsters in a cornfield, plays with sound and image and tension, creatively. Other bits are more shameless...I don't know if I'd call \"A Quiet Place\" enjoyable; it's more grueling than cathartic.\" Horror author Stephen King praised the film in a tweet, \"A QUIET PLACE is an extraordinary piece of work. Terrific acting, but the main thing is the SILENCE, and how it makes the camera's eye open wide in a", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "16266371", "text": "Cris Lankenau Cris Lankenau (born June 24, 1981) is an American actor. Cris Lankenau was born in Miami, Florida and grew up in Orlando and Boca Raton, Florida. He currently resides in Brooklyn, New York. After leaving high school in Boca Raton, Lankenau moved to New York and joined with the growing creative community centered in Williamsburg, Brooklyn working as a DJ and writing occasionally for Vice magazine. He soon met filmmakers Aaron Katz and Brendan McFadden and was cast as the lead in Katz’ second feature film, \"Quiet City\". Lankenau and co-star Erin Fisher wrote much of their own", "title": "Cris Lankenau" }, { "id": "19276574", "text": "his most notable roles are Young Stephen in \"The Brothers Bloom\" and Slater Pedula in \"The Sitter\". Records co-stars with Christopher Lloyd as John Wayne Cleaver in the film, \"I Am Not a Serial Killer\", shot in 2015 and released in early 2016. \"Rolling Stone\" described the role as \"a homicidal Midwestern teen who has to kill a mass murderer in order to stop becoming one himself\". Max Records Max Records (born June 18, 1997) is an American actor. He is most notable for his roles as Max in the film \"Where the Wild Things Are\", for which he won", "title": "Max Records" }, { "id": "17564675", "text": "John D'Leo John D'Leo (born July 8, 1995) is an American actor. He is known for his role in the 2013 film \"The Family\", opposite Robert De Niro, Michelle Pfeiffer, and Dianna Agron. D'Leo is from Monmouth County He is of Italian and Irish descent. He has also appeared in the films Unbroken, \"Cop Out\" (2010), \"Brooklyn's Finest\" (2010), \"Wanderlust\" (2012), and \"The Family\" (2013) and on the television series \"\" and \"How to Make It in America\". John is often seen with American actress, Jennie Eps and has made frequent appearances on social media. Jennie is suspected to be", "title": "John D'Leo" }, { "id": "17595956", "text": "Tiya Sircar Tiya Sircar (born May 16, 1982) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in \"The Internship\", \"17 Again\", \"Star Wars Rebels\", and \"The Good Place\". Sircar is of Indian descent. She attended the University of Texas at Austin, receiving two bachelor's degrees: one in Business/Marketing, the other in Theater & Dance. After college, she moved to Los Angeles to realize her dream of being a professional actress. Sircar's television appearances include \"Master of None\", \"House MD\", \"Hannah Montana\", \"Greek\", \"Moonlight\", \"Numbers\", \"Privileged\", \"\", and she has played recurring characters on \"The Suite Life on", "title": "Tiya Sircar" }, { "id": "3449576", "text": "Garrett Hedlund Garrett Hedlund (born September 3, 1984) is an American actor and model. His films include \"Friday Night Lights\" (2004), \"Troy\" (2004), \"Four Brothers\" (2005), \"Eragon\" (2006), \"Country Strong\" (2010), \"\" (2010), \"On the Road\" (2012), \"Inside Llewyn Davis\" (2013), \"Unbroken\" (2014), \"Pan\" (2015) and \"Mudbound\" (2017). Hedlund was born in Roseau, Minnesota, to Kristine Anne (née Yanish) and Robert Martin Hedlund. He is the youngest of three children, with a brother, Nathaniel, and a sister, Amanda. His father is of Swedish descent and his mother is of German and Norwegian descent. Hedlund was raised on a remote beef", "title": "Garrett Hedlund" }, { "id": "5263488", "text": "Adam Scott (actor) Adam Paul Scott (born April 3, 1973) is an American actor, comedian, producer, and podcaster. He is known for his role as Ben Wyatt in the NBC sitcom \"Parks and Recreation\". He has also appeared as Derek in the film \"Step Brothers\", Johnny Meyer in \"The Aviator\", Henry Pollard in the Starz sitcom \"Party Down\", Ed Mackenzie in the HBO series \"Big Little Lies\" and Trevor in the NBC series \"The Good Place\". Scott was born in Santa Cruz, California, to Anne (born Quartararo) and Simon Dougald Scott, both of whom are retired teachers. He is of", "title": "Adam Scott (actor)" }, { "id": "4571986", "text": "was recorded with the composer conducting, these roles could be said to be included, although cast lists still separated them from the four principal roles in \"A Quiet Place\" itself: Dede, François, Junior, and (Old) Sam. (In the three-act form) A chorus sings scattered musical phrases such as \"My Heart Shall Be Thy Garden\", \"Cakes and Friends We Choose With Care\", and \"Lost Time is Never Found\". Some of these themes are repeated throughout the opera. Meanwhile, voices are heard in reaction to a car accident. The victim is Dinah, a wife and mother of two. Friends and family gather", "title": "A Quiet Place (opera)" }, { "id": "17641748", "text": "Brendan Gall Brendan Gall (born September 2, 1978) is a Canadian writer, actor and producer currently living in Los Angeles, California. Gall graduated from the George Brown Theatre School. Gall has written and/or produced for the television series \"Blindspot\", \"Open Heart\", and \"The L.A. Complex\", the CBC Radio drama series \"Afghanada,\" the feature films \"The Go-Getters\" and \"Dakota\", and stage plays such as \"Panhandled\", \"A Quiet Place\", \"Alias Godot\" and \"Wide Awake Hearts\". As an actor, he has had lead or recurring roles on the series \"Remedy\", \"Good God\", \"Overruled!\", and \"Men With Brooms\", and guest appearances on \"Covert Affairs\",", "title": "Brendan Gall" }, { "id": "8640744", "text": "Ruth Wilson Ruth Wilson (born 13 January 1982) is an English actress. She is known for her performances in \"Suburban Shootout\" (2005), \"Jane Eyre\" (2006), as Alice Morgan in the BBC TV psychological crime drama \"Luther\" (2010–2013, 2019), and as Alison Lockhart in the Showtime drama \"The Affair\" (2014–2018). Her film credits include \"Anna Karenina\" (2012), \"The Lone Ranger\" (2013), \"Saving Mr. Banks\" (2013), \"Suite Française\" (2015), \"Locke\" (2013), \"I Am the Pretty Thing That Lives in the House\" (2016), and \"Dark River\" (2017). Wilson is a three-time Olivier Award nominee and two-time winner, earning the Best Actress for the", "title": "Ruth Wilson" }, { "id": "14419743", "text": "\"remarkable debut screenplay by Linette Perry, which manages to intertwine the generic conventions of the heist thriller with a simple, but poetic, moral drama. In Perry's world the secret places stretch beyond the physical - the record player, gang hideouts and derelict buildings - into the hearts of the young protagonists. Faced with opportunity and misguided by love, the characters are all confronted with their own buried selfishness.\" The Secret Place (film) The Secret Place is a 1957 British crime film, and the directorial debut of Clive Donner. It stars Belinda Lee, Ronald Lewis, and a young David McCallum in", "title": "The Secret Place (film)" }, { "id": "19931423", "text": "Manny Jacinto Manuel Luis \"Manny\" Jacinto (; born August 19, 1987) is a Filipino-born Canadian actor. After several small roles on television, his breakout role came in 2016, playing Jason Mendoza on the NBC comedy hit \"The Good Place\". In 2018, he was cast in the upcoming feature film \"\". Jacinto was born in Manila, Philippines. His family emigrated to Canada when he was about three years old. He was raised in Richmond, British Columbia. Jacinto grew up playing baseball, basketball and attended an all-boys Catholic high school, Vancouver College. He earned a Bachelor's degree in Applied Science in civil", "title": "Manny Jacinto" }, { "id": "14883952", "text": "also directed the dark comedy He Was A Quiet Man, where he cast Anzu opposite Christian Slater, to play his neighbor. She was nominated \"Best Actress\" for her role as Yoko Ono in 2014 at the Hollywood Fringe Festival in the musical \"Rock and Roll's Greatest Lovers\". As a stand-up comic, Anzu performs in comedy festivals as well as The Hollywood and Brea Improv, The Laugh Factory, The Ha-Ha Café, The Comedy Store and The IceHouse Pasadena. Lawson's TV and film credits are below: Anzu Lawson Anzu Lawson, (born Cristina Anzu Lawson in Klamath Falls, Oregon, United States) and is", "title": "Anzu Lawson" }, { "id": "20512112", "text": "the hybrid-documentary feature \"I Send You This Place\" premiered at the Full Frame Documentary Film Festival. The film was co-directed with contemporary artist Andrea Sisson. He was named one of \"Filmmaker Magazine\"'s \"25 New Faces of Independent Film\" for 2013. In 2013, his screenplay for \"Everything Beautiful is Far Away\" was selected for IFP's Emerging Storytellers program. In 2017, \"Everything Beautiful is Far Away\" had its world premiere at the Los Angeles Film Festival and received the U.S. Fiction Cinematography Award. The film stars Julia Garner & Joseph Cross with an original score by Alan Palomo. In 2018, Ohs directed", "title": "Pete Ohs" }, { "id": "18232322", "text": "a short film by Academy Award winning writer Diablo Cody (JUNO). Jon Poll (Dir. Charlie Bartlett/Co-Prod. Meet the Fockers) directed. The film stars: Bailee Maidson (Parental Guidance/Just Go With it); Hailee Steinfeld (Academy Award nominated-True Grit); Jackson Rathbone (Twilight Film Franchise); JK Simmons (Juno/Spider-Man); James Van Der Beek (Don't Trust the B---- in Apartment 23/Dawson's Creek). The film's red carpet premiere was in Los Angeles in May 2013 and Philadelphia in June 2013. It is currently being requested by festivals all over the US. Written by Clay Beabout, an 11-year-old boy with Vater's Syndrome who has survived over 40 surgeries.", "title": "Make A Film Foundation" }, { "id": "6391461", "text": "made another pass through [the script], I specifically zeroed in on Nina, going holy cow, this girl is dealing with even more stuff. The layers there exceeded, in my opinion, Dot's character and her issues... now watching it, thank God for Jamie.\" Belle's role as Dot was a departure from previous roles and the film was released around the same time as two other indie films starring Belle, \"The Ballad of Jack and Rose\" and \"The Chumscrubber\". Belle learned sign language and classical piano for the role, and wore no makeup for the part. She said of her part that", "title": "The Quiet" }, { "id": "12785641", "text": "dose of enthusiasm with her Jamie Lee Curtis esque performance.\" Cuthbert was nominated at Teen Choice Awards in two categories Choice Movie: Actress – Action / Adventure / \"Thriller\" and . Cuthbert's next film was the indie film \"The Quiet\". She was co-star and co-producer. She played Nina, a temperamental 17-year-old cheerleader who suffers sexual abuse by her father. Cuthbert looked to her younger cousin as inspiration for how to play a teenager. \"The Quiet\", distributed by Sony Pictures Classics, premiered at the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival and received a limited release in Los Angeles and New York City", "title": "Elisha Cuthbert" }, { "id": "13887261", "text": "for the role. In 2013, Stoll received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his performance in the Netflix series \"House of Cards\". After \"House of Cards\", he joined the FX horror television series \"The Strain\", which is based on a series of novels written by Chuck Hogan and film director Guillermo Del Toro. In 2014, Stoll also played Austin Reilly, an NYPD police officer, in the action film \"Non-Stop\", and Paul Altman in the comedy-drama \"This Is Where I Leave You\". In 2015, Stoll played Ben Day in the film \"Dark Places\", based on the novel by Gillian Flynn, and", "title": "Corey Stoll" }, { "id": "6391459", "text": "to protect her daughter Nina and atone for allowing the abuse. The film ends on a philosophical note as the two girls play piano together, freed from their respective fathers. After appearing in \"The Girl Next Door\", Cuthbert wanted to \"not just ... play the hot girl in the movie, it kills me.\" She had just finished the \"House of Wax\" and \"was ready to do something that was definitely more character-driven.\" She read the Sundance workshop script by writers Abdi Nazemian and Micah Shraft, who had not previously made a feature film, and became an associate producer for the", "title": "The Quiet" }, { "id": "6175402", "text": "of July. The film again stars Sandler, along with Kevin James, Chris Rock, Rob Schneider, and David Spade; it was released in the summer of 2010 with major box office success. Dugan's \"Just Go with It\" (2011) was his sixth film with Sandler; it also starred Jennifer Aniston and Brooklyn Decker. Dugan directed \"Jack & Jill\" (2011), again with Sandler, and \"Grown Ups 2\" (2013), with Sandler, James, Rock and Spade, all reprising their roles. Schneider was unable to do so due to scheduling conflicts. To date, Dugan's films have grossed over $1 billion worldwide. Dugan's first marriage was to", "title": "Dennis Dugan" }, { "id": "16776556", "text": "Bryan Woods Bryan Woods (born September 14, 1984) is an American film director and screenwriter born Davenport, Iowa and raised in the neighboring community of Bettendorf, IA. He co-writes and co-directs with filmmaking partner Scott Beck. In 2001, Woods and Beck formed Bluebox Films. Together they co-wrote and executive produced \"A Quiet Place\" for Paramount Pictures, in addition to writing and directing \"Spread\", a scripted pilot for MTV, and \"Nightlight\", a supernatural thriller for Lionsgate and Herrick Entertainment. In 2016, Woods and Beck sold their original screenplay for \"A Quiet Place\" to Paramount Pictures. The film, executive produced by Woods,", "title": "Bryan Woods" }, { "id": "2764905", "text": "and \"Sisters\" (2015). She has lent her voice to the animated films \"Shrek the Third\" (2007) and \"Big Hero 6\" (2014). In addition to her film appearances, Rudolph starred as Ava Alexander on the NBC sitcom \"Up All Night\" from 2011 to 2012, and co-hosted her own variety show \"Maya & Marty\". She appeared on \"The Good Place\" on NBC in 2018, an appearance that earned her an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series. Rudolph was born in Gainesville, Florida, the daughter of singer-songwriter Minnie Riperton and composer Richard Rudolph. Her mother was African-American and her", "title": "Maya Rudolph" }, { "id": "17774899", "text": "story \"The Boogeyman\" for 20th Century Fox and 21 Laps Entertainment. In the television world, Beck & Woods developed the series \"Zeroes\" for Sony Pictures Television and Davis Entertainment, based on the novel by New York Times best-selling author Scott Westerfeld, Margo Lanagan, and Deborah Biancotti. Scott Beck Scott Beck (born October 22, 1984) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter born in Denver, Colorado and raised in Bettendorf, Iowa. He co-writes and co-directs with filmmaking partner Bryan Woods. In 2001, Beck and Woods formed Bluebox Films. Together they co-wrote and executive produced \"A Quiet Place\" for Paramount Pictures,", "title": "Scott Beck" }, { "id": "9608877", "text": "avoid an arranged marriage. In 2009, Hazlewood appeared as Nalini, an Ajira Airways ticket agent in Season 5 of \"Lost\". In 2011, Hazlewood appeared as Meera in \"Embrace\", written, directed and produced by Ghalib Shiraz Dhalla. In 2012, Hazlewood guest starred on \"Grey's Anatomy\", episode 17, \"One Step Too Far\". In 2013, Hazlewood guest-starred on the \"White Collar\" season 5 episode \"Digging Deeper\". She appeared in the film \"Equals\". She guest starred in multiple episodes of \"The Good Place\" as Kamilah, the famous rockstar sister of Tahani, portrayed by Jameela Jamil. Rebecca Hazlewood Rebecca Hazlewood (born 9 April 1977) is", "title": "Rebecca Hazlewood" }, { "id": "20236627", "text": "way few movies manage.\" Nick Allen of RogerEbert.com called \"A Quiet Place\" \"Krasinski's breakthrough as a triple-threat entertainer, but it's been a long time coming... By no accident, he's tackled the horror genre while relying on the unique strength that can be seen throughout his acting work, and one that has made him relatable as an everyman across TV and film—expressive silence.\" Speaking of the political and social commentary the film encouraged, Krasinski said, \"The best compliment you can get on any movie is that it starts a conversation. The fact that people are leaving and talking about anything is", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "id": "2293323", "text": "musical guest TV on the Radio, portraying actor Christian Bale in one sketch. Later that year, he appeared in a supporting role in the film \"He's Just Not That Into You\". Cooper's breakthrough role came in Todd Phillips' comedy \"The Hangover\" (2009). He played Phil Wenneck, one of the three friends—alongside Ed Helms and Zach Galifianakis—to wake up from a bachelor party in Las Vegas, with no memory of the previous night and the bachelor missing. \"The Hangover\" was a commercial success and finished as among the highest-grossing R-rated films in the United States. \"The New York Times\" A. O.", "title": "Bradley Cooper" } ]	who stars in the movie the quiet place
[ "10,000 years ago" ]	[ { "id": "2762796", "text": "History of Tasmania The history of Tasmania begins at the end of the most recent ice age (approximately 10,000 years ago) when it is believed that the island was joined to the Australian mainland. Little is known of the human history of the island until the British colonisation in the 19th century. Tasmania was inhabited by an indigenous population, the Tasmanian Aborigines, and evidence indicates their presence in the territory, later to become an island, at least 35,000 years ago. At the time of the British occupation and colonisation in 1803 the indigenous population was estimated at between 3000 and", "title": "History of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408891", "text": "which gives the mountains the false impression of having snow-capped peaks year round. Evidence indicates the presence of Aborigines in Tasmania about 40,000 years ago. Rising sea levels cut Tasmania off from mainland Australia about 10,000 years ago and by the time of European contact, the Aboriginal people in Tasmania had nine major nations or ethnic groups. At the time of the British occupation and colonisation in 1803, the indigenous population was estimated at between 3,000 and 10,000. Historian Lyndall Ryan's analysis of population studies led her to conclude that there were about 7,000 spread throughout the island's nine nations;", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408923", "text": "Gondwana, 50 million years ago. The island of Tasmania was home to the thylacine, a marsupial which resembled a fossa or some say a wild dog. Known colloquially as the Tasmanian tiger for the distinctive striping across its back, it became extinct in mainland Australia much earlier because of competition by the dingo, introduced in prehistoric times. Owing to persecution by farmers, government-funded bounty hunters and, in the final years, collectors for overseas museums, it appears to have been exterminated in Tasmania. The Tasmanian devil became the largest carnivorous marsupial in the world following the extinction of the thylacine in", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408882", "text": "Tasmania Tasmania (; abbreviated as TAS and known colloquially as Tassie) is an island state of Australia. It is located to the south of the Australian mainland, separated by the Bass Strait. The state encompasses the main island of Tasmania, the 26th-largest island in the world, and the surrounding 334 islands. The state has a population of around 526,700 . Just over forty percent of the population resides in the Greater Hobart precinct, which forms the metropolitan area of the state capital and largest city, Hobart. Tasmania's area is , of which the main island covers . It is promoted", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408886", "text": "Empire to prevent claims to the land by the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars; around 75,000 convicts were sent to Van Diemen's Land before transportation ceased in 1853. The island was initially part of the Colony of New South Wales but became a separate, self-governing colony under the name Van Diemen's Land (named after Anthony van Diemen) in 1825. In 1854 the present Constitution of Tasmania was passed and the following year the colony received permission to change its name to Tasmania. In 1901 it became a state through the process of the Federation of Australia. The state", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "2762805", "text": "convicts (\"female factory\") opened at Cascades, \"Protector\" George Augustus Robinson starts an Aboriginal mission at Bruny Island, convicts seized the brig \"Cyprus\" at Recherche Bay and sail to China, Van Diemen's Land Scientific Society formed under patronage of Lieutenant-Governor George Arthur and a Hobart-New Norfolk coach service began. History of Tasmania The history of Tasmania begins at the end of the most recent ice age (approximately 10,000 years ago) when it is believed that the island was joined to the Australian mainland. Little is known of the human history of the island until the British colonisation in the 19th century.", "title": "History of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408902", "text": "move to Flinders Island. Many quickly succumbed to infectious diseases to which they had no immunity, reducing the population further. Of those removed from Tasmania, the last to die was Truganini, in 1876. The near-destruction of Tasmania's Aboriginal population has been described as an act of genocide by historians including Robert Hughes, James Boyce, Lyndall Ryan and Tom Lawson. Boyce has claimed that the April 1828 \"Proclamation Separating the Aborigines from the White Inhabitants\" sanctioned force against Aboriginals \"for no other reason than that they were Aboriginal\" and described the decision to remove all Tasmanian Aborigines after 1832—by which time", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408903", "text": "they had given up their fight against white colonists—as an extreme policy position. He concluded: \"The colonial government from 1832 to 1838 ethnically cleansed the western half of Van Diemen's Land and then callously left the exiled people to their fate.\" Van Diemen's Land—which thus far had existed as a territory within the colony of New South Wales—was proclaimed a separate colony, with its own judicial establishment and Legislative Council, on 3 December 1825. Transportation to the island ceased in 1853 and the colony was renamed Tasmania in 1856, partly to differentiate the burgeoning society of free settlers from the", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408884", "text": "Island, are the southernmost terrestrial point of the state of Tasmania, and the southernmost internationally recognised land in Australia. About south of Tasmania island lies Antarctica. Antarctica is nearer to Tasmania than areas in the northern Australian mainland. The island is believed to have been occupied by indigenous peoples for 30,000 years before British colonisation. It is thought Aboriginal Tasmanians were separated from the mainland Aboriginal groups about 10,000 years ago when the sea rose to form the Bass Strait. The Aboriginal population was estimated to have been between 3,000 and 7,000 at the time of colonisation, but was almost", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "13655539", "text": "the opportunity of free passage aboard convict transports and the change of escaping to the gold fields would provide an incentive to would-be offenders. The last convict ship to be sent from England, the \"St. Vincent\", arrived in 1853, and on 10 August 1853 Jubilee festivals in Hobart and Launceston celebrated 50 years of European settlement with the official end of transportation. Celebratory medallions were minted and distributed to school children. The era immediately following the granting of responsible self-government brought a new confidence to the colony. Whilst Tasmania suffered a setback with a large loss of working-age males to", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "9243699", "text": "Conservation Division had responsibility for the natural and cultural resources and the Parks and Wildlife Service covered Tasmania's parks, reserves and World Heritage Areas. The Parks and Wildlife Service was separated from the Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment following the 2002 State elections, becoming part of the Department of Tourism, Parks, Heritage and the Arts (DTPHA), while the Resource Management and Conservation Division remained part of the DPIWE. In 2002 three islands, Deal, Erith and Dover were declared as part of the Kent Group National Park and marine protected areas were created there and at Port Davey-Bathurst Harbour.", "title": "Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service" }, { "id": "408885", "text": "wiped out within 30 years by a combination of violent guerrilla conflict with settlers known as the \"Black War\", intertribal conflict, and from the late 1820s, the spread of infectious diseases to which they had no immunity. The conflict, which peaked between 1825 and 1831 and led to more than three years of martial law, cost the lives of almost 1100 Aboriginals and settlers. The near-destruction of Tasmania's Aboriginal population has been described by some historians as an act of genocide by the British. The island was permanently settled by Europeans in 1803 as a penal settlement of the British", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "727331", "text": "Tasmania by at least 35,000 years ago. During the Ice Age about 20,000 years BP, the area now the bay of Port Phillip would have been dry land, and the Yarra and Werribee river would have joined to flow through the heads then south and south west through the Bassian plain before meeting the ocean to the west. Tasmania and the Bass Strait islands became separated from mainland Australia around 12,000 BP, when the sea level was approximately 50m below present levels. Port Phillip was flooded by post-glacial rising sea levels between 8000 and 6000 years ago. Oral history and", "title": "History of Victoria" }, { "id": "12553053", "text": "Tethys Ocean, while Madagascar stopped and became locked to the African Plate. New Zealand, New Caledonia and the rest of Zealandia began to separate from Australia, moving eastward toward the Pacific and opening the Coral Sea and Tasman Sea. The third major and final phase of the break-up of Pangaea occurred in the early Cenozoic (Paleocene to Oligocene). Laurasia split when North America/Greenland (also called Laurentia) broke free from Eurasia, opening the Norwegian Sea about 60–55 Ma. The Atlantic and Indian Oceans continued to expand, closing the Tethys Ocean. Meanwhile, Australia split from Antarctica and moved quickly northward, just as", "title": "Pangaea" }, { "id": "423938", "text": "to three relict populations around 3000 years ago. A tooth found in Augusta, Western Australia has been dated to 430 years ago, but archaeologist Oliver Brown disputes this and considers the devil's mainland extinction to have occurred around 3000 years ago. This disappearance is usually blamed on dingoes, which are absent from Tasmania. Because they were seen as a threat to livestock and animals that humans hunted for fur in Tasmania, devils were hunted and became endangered. In 1941, the devils, which were originally seen as implacably vicious, became officially protected. Since then, scientists have contended that earlier concerns that", "title": "Tasmanian devil" }, { "id": "408904", "text": "island's convict past. The Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land drafted a new constitution which it passed in 1854. The following year the Privy Council approved the colony changing its name from \"Van Diemen's Land\" to \"Tasmania\", and in 1856 the newly elected bicameral parliament sat for the first time, establishing Tasmania as a self-governing colony of the British Empire. The colony suffered from economic fluctuations, but for the most part was prosperous, experiencing steady growth. With few external threats and strong trade links with the Empire, Tasmania enjoyed many fruitful periods in the late 19th century, becoming a world-centre", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "13655536", "text": "May 1855. On 21 July 1855, the Privy Council granted the application to change the colony's name from \"Van Diemen's Land\" to \"Tasmania\", and on 24 October 1855, a tumultuous crowd gathered in Hobart to hear that the \"Tasmanian Constitution Act\" had been granted Royal Assent. On 8 February 1856, the old Legislative Council met for the last time, and between September and October, elections were held across the state for the new Tasmanian Legislative Council, and Tasmanian House of Assembly. On 1 November 1856, Governor Sir Henry Fox Young proclaimed former British Army officer, William Champ as the first", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "2888563", "text": "was not until the 1880s that permanent settlements were established. The largest of these is Currie, situated on the island's west coast. Today, the island's economy is largely based on agriculture and tourism. It is also home to the Huxley Hill Wind Farm. King Island was originally part of a land bridge linking Tasmania with the Australian mainland, which was submerged around 12,000 years ago due to rising sea levels. A human skeleton was discovered in a cave on the island in 1989, which was dated to approximately 14,000 years ago. However, previous examinations had revealed no \"shell heaps, bones,", "title": "King Island (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "7555197", "text": "all major supercontinents, the Australian continent began to form after the breakup of Gondwana in the Permian, with the separation of the continental landmass from the African continent and Indian subcontinent. It separated from Antarctica over a prolonged period beginning in the Permian and continuing through to the Cretaceous. When the last glacial period ended in about 10,000 BC, rising sea levels formed Bass Strait, separating Tasmania from the mainland. Then between about 8,000 and 6,500 BC, the lowlands in the north were flooded by the sea, separating New Guinea, the Aru Islands, and the mainland of Australia. The Australian", "title": "Australia" }, { "id": "408909", "text": "Strait. Tasmania is the only Australian state that is not located on the Australian mainland. Depending on which borders of the oceans are used, the island can be said to be either surrounded by the Southern Ocean, or to have the Pacific on its east and the Indian to its west. Still other definitions of the ocean boundaries would have Tasmania with the Great Australian Bight to the west, and the Tasman Sea to the east. It lies at similar latitudes to the South Island of New Zealand, and parts of Patagonia in South America. Tasmania has been volcanically inactive", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "7555068", "text": "in 1788 and originally comprised much of the Australian mainland, as well as Lord Howe Island, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, and Van Diemen's Land, in addition to the area currently referred to as the state of New South Wales. During the 19th century, large areas were successively separated to form the Colony of Tasmania (initially established as a separate colony named Van Diemen's Land in 1825), the Colony of Western Australia (initially established as the smaller Swan River Colony in 1829), the Province of South Australia (1836), the Colony of New Zealand (1840), the Victoria Colony (1851) and the Colony", "title": "States and territories of Australia" }, { "id": "13655531", "text": "Colony of Tasmania The Colony of Tasmania (more commonly referred to simply as \"Tasmania\") was a British colony that existed on the island of Tasmania from 1856 until 1901, when it federated together with the five other Australian colonies to form the Commonwealth of Australia. The possibility of the colony was established when the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the \"Australian Constitutions Act\" in 1850, granting the right of legislative power to each of the six Australian colonies. The Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land drafted a new constitution which they passed in 1854, and it was given Royal", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408895", "text": "shortages and by 1806 its inhabitants were starving, with many resorting to scraping seaweed off rocks and scavenging washed-up whale blubber from the shore to survive. A smaller colony was established at Port Dalrymple on the Tamar River in the island's north in October 1804 and several other convict-based settlements were established, including the particularly harsh penal colonies at Port Arthur in the southeast and Macquarie Harbour on the West Coast. Tasmania was eventually sent 75,000 convicts—four out of every ten people transported to Australia. By 1819 the Aboriginal and British population reached parity with about 5000 of each, although", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408888", "text": "\"Tassie\". Tasmania is also colloquially shortened to \"Tas,\" mainly when used in business names and website addresses. TAS is also the Australia Post abbreviation for the state. The reconstructed Palawa kani language name for Tasmania is Lutriwita. The island was adjoined to the mainland of Australia until the end of the last glacial period about 10,000 years ago. Much of the island is composed of Jurassic dolerite intrusions (the upwelling of magma) through other rock types, sometimes forming large columnar joints. Tasmania has the world's largest areas of dolerite, with many distinctive mountains and cliffs formed from this rock type.", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408901", "text": "period of martial law in Australian history. In November 1830 Arthur organised the so-called \"Black Line\", ordering every able-bodied male colonist to assemble at one of seven designated places in the Settled Districts to join a massive drive to sweep Aboriginals out of the region and on to the Tasman Peninsula. The campaign failed and was abandoned seven weeks later, but by then Tasmania's Aboriginal population had fallen to about 300. After hostilities between settlers and Aboriginals ceased in 1832, almost all of the remnants of the indigenous population were persuaded or forced by government agent George Augustus Robinson to", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "8097498", "text": "the 2011 genetic study by the Australian geneticist Tim H. Heupink and colleagues, the close relation between the King Island and mainland emus indicates that the former population was isolated from the latter relatively recently, due to sea level changes in the Bass Strait, as opposed to a founding emu lineage that diverged from the mainland emu far earlier and had subsequently gone extinct on the mainland. Models of sea level change indicate that Tasmania, including King Island, was isolated from the Australian mainland around 14,000 years ago. Up to several thousand years later King Island was then separated from", "title": "King Island emu" }, { "id": "16193116", "text": "British colonisation of Tasmania \"For information concerning warfare with the aborigines of Australia, see Black War.\" The British colonisation of Tasmania took place between 1803 and 1830. Tasmania was a British colony from 1856 until 1901, at which time it joined five other colonies to form the Commonwealth of Australia. By the end of the colonisation in 1830 the British Empire had annexed large parts of mainland Australia, and all of Tasmania. The first British colonies on Tasmania appeared circa 1803. Small numbers of whalers and sealers set up communities along the Northern Coast and the Bass Strait islands. The", "title": "British colonisation of Tasmania" }, { "id": "4035527", "text": "the last Ice Age, about 8–9000 years ago, as sea levels rose, and the land of southern Britain sunk due to the post-glacial rebound of the north that had been under the ice. This flooded the former river valley of the Solent to the north, and the future English Channel to the south, and cut Wight off from the island of Britain. Once open to the sea, tidal scouring widened the Solent. The first inhabitants are assumed to have been hunter-gatherers migrating by land during the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) period, as the ice age began to recede and the", "title": "History of the Isle of Wight" }, { "id": "2762800", "text": "later abandoned. The early settlers were mostly convicts and their military guards, with the task of developing agriculture and other industries. Numerous other convict settlements were made in Van Diemens Land, including secondary prisons, such as the particularly harsh penal colonies at Port Arthur in the south-east and Macquarie Harbour on the West Coast. The Aboriginal resistance to this invasion was so strong, that troops were deployed across much of Tasmania to drive the Aborigines into captivity on nearby islands. In 1820, Tasmanian roads were first macadamised and carthorses began to replace bullocks. In the same year, the first substantial", "title": "History of Tasmania" }, { "id": "424008", "text": "3,000 years ago. The cause of their disappearance from the mainland is unclear, but their decline seems to coincide with the expansion across the mainland of indigenous Australians and dingoes. However, whether it was direct hunting by people, competition with dingoes, changes brought about by the increasing human population, who by 3000 years ago were using all habitat types across the continent, or a combination of all three, is unknown; devils had coexisted with dingoes on the mainland for around 3000 years. Brown has also proposed that the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) grew stronger during the Holocene, and that the", "title": "Tasmanian devil" }, { "id": "408893", "text": "Furneaux became the first Englishman to land in Tasmania when he arrived at Adventure Bay. Captain James Cook landed at Adventure Bay in 1777. Matthew Flinders and George Bass sailed through Bass Strait in 1798–99, determining for the first time that Tasmania was an island. Sealers and whalers based themselves on Tasmania's islands from 1798, and in August 1803 New South Wales Governor Philip King sent Lieutenant John Bowen to establish a small military outpost on the eastern shore of the Derwent River in order to forestall any claims to the island by French explorers who had been exploring the", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "15540047", "text": "platypus have also been discovered in South America. The repeated lowering of sea levels during the ice ages of the Pleistocene facilitated the movement of many species more, including the five species of rodent and eight species of bat. The island of Tasmania was home to the thylacine, a marsupial which resembled a wild dog. Known colloquially as the Tasmanian tiger for the distinctive striping across its back, it became extinct in mainland Australia about 4,000 years ago because of competition by the introduced dingo. Owing to persecution by farmers, government-funded bounty hunters and, in the final years, collectors for", "title": "Flora and fauna of Tasmania" }, { "id": "13655532", "text": "Assent by Queen Victoria in 1855. Later in that year the Privy Council approved the colony changing its name from \"Van Diemen's Land\" to \"Tasmania\", and in 1856, the newly elected bicameral parliament of Tasmania sat for the first time, establishing Tasmania as a self-governing colony of the British Empire. Tasmania was often referred to as one of the \"most British\" colonies of the Empire. The Colony suffered from economic fluctuations, but for the most part was prosperous, experiencing steady growth. With few external threats and strong trade links with the Empire, the Colony of Tasmania enjoyed many fruitful periods", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408916", "text": "to an invented Point Hicks. Cook's ploy worked and Tasmania's insularity was suppressed for three more decades, as Europe's mapmakers increasingly depicted it as a peninsula joined to the mainland. The age-old question about Tasmania's insularity - 'Is Van Diemen's Land a peninsula or an island?' - was officially resolved in 1798-99 when George Bass and Matthew Flinders circumnavigated the island. When news of their discovery of Bass Strait reached Europe, the French government despatched a reconnaissance expedition commanded by Nicolas Baudin. This prompted Governor King to send two vessels from Sydney to the island to establish a garrison at", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408883", "text": "as a natural state, and protected areas of Tasmania cover about 42% of its land area, which includes national parks and World Heritage Sites. Tasmania was the founding place of the first environmental political party in the world. Due to an administrative quirk caused by an early mapping error, the state of Tasmania shares a tiny land border with the state of Victoria. This line bisects Boundary Islet, a nature reserve in the Bass Strait, separating the northernmost land governed by Tasmania from the southernmost land governed by Victoria. The Bishop and Clerk Islets, about 37 km south of Macquarie", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "8290355", "text": "Pedra Branca (Tasmania) Pedra Branca is a rock islet or small island, located in the Southern Ocean, off the southern coast of Tasmania, Australia. The island is situated approximately south southeast of South East Cape and is contained within the Southwest National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Site. An erosional remnant of the Tasmanian mainland, the island is approximately long, wide, with an elevation of above sea level. The island is estimated to have separated from the Tasmanian mainland at least 15,000 years ago. Pedra Branca is known for its inaccessibility, rich marine wildlife, wet and windy", "title": "Pedra Branca (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "285684", "text": "and employed a planner to design the street layout of Sydney. Macquarie's legacy is still evident today. During the 19th century, large areas were successively separated to form the British colonies of Tasmania (proclaimed as a separate colony named Van Diemen's Land in 1825), South Australia (1836), Victoria (1851) and Queensland (1859). Responsible government was granted to the New South Wales colony in 1855. Following the Treaty of Waitangi, William Hobson declared British sovereignty over New Zealand in 1840. In 1841 it was separated from the Colony of New South Wales to form the new Colony of New Zealand. Charles", "title": "New South Wales" }, { "id": "301957", "text": "after 1847, and the last convicts were removed to Tasmania in May 1855. The island was abandoned because transportation from the United Kingdom to Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania) had ceased in 1853, to be replaced by penal servitude in the UK. The next settlement began on 8 June 1856, as the descendants of Tahitians and the HMS \"Bounty\" mutineers, including those of Fletcher Christian were resettled from the Pitcairn Islands, which had become too small for their growing population. On 3 May 1856, 193 people had left Pitcairn Islands aboard the \"Morayshire\". On 8 June 194 people arrived, a baby", "title": "Norfolk Island" }, { "id": "1807343", "text": "Aboriginal Tasmanians The Aboriginal Tasmanians (Tasmanian: \"Palawa\") are the indigenous people of the Australian state of Tasmania, located south of the mainland. For much of the 20th century, the Tasmanian Aboriginal people were widely, and erroneously, thought of as being an extinct cultural and ethnic group. Contemporary figures (2016) for the number of people of Tasmanian Aboriginal descent vary according to the criteria used to determine this identity, ranging from 6,000 to over 23,000. First arriving in Tasmania (then a peninsula of Australia) around 40,000 years ago, the ancestors of the Aboriginal Tasmanians were cut off from the Australian mainland", "title": "Aboriginal Tasmanians" }, { "id": "3052774", "text": "shift. Some of the south-eastern islands of the Furneaux Group were first recorded in 1773 by British navigator Tobias Furneaux, commander of , the support vessel with James Cook on Cook's second voyage. In February 1798 British navigator Matthew Flinders charted some of the southern islands, using one of the schooner \"Francis\"<nowiki>'</nowiki> open boats. Later that year, Flinders returned and finished charting the islands in the \"Norfolk\", he then went on to complete the first circumnavigation of Tasmania (1798–99), accompanied by George Bass, proving Tasmania to be an island separated from the Australian mainland by Bass Strait, later named in", "title": "Flinders Island" }, { "id": "17292488", "text": "continent, but it survived on the island of Tasmania along with several other endemic species, including the Tasmanian devil. Intensive hunting encouraged by bounties is generally blamed for its extinction, but other contributing factors may have been disease, the introduction of dogs, and human encroachment into its habitat. Despite its official classification as extinct, sightings are still reported, though none has been conclusively proven. The last known thylacine, named Benjamin, died at the Hobart Zoo, on 7 September 1936. It is believed to have died as the result of neglect—locked out of its sheltered sleeping quarters, it was exposed to", "title": "De-extinction" }, { "id": "446646", "text": "renamed \"Tasmania\". This removed the unsavoury criminal connotations with the name Van Diemen's Land (and the \"demon\" connotation), while honouring Abel Tasman, the first European to find the island. The last penal settlement in Tasmania at Port Arthur closed in 1877. Australian winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature Patrick White's novel 'A Fringe of Leaves' places much of the novel's beginnings in Van Diemen's Land. Van Diemen's Land Van Diemen's Land was the original name used by most Europeans for the island of Tasmania, part of Australia. The name was changed from Van Diemen's Land to Tasmania in 1856.", "title": "Van Diemen's Land" }, { "id": "16193121", "text": "Introduction of the Dog to Tasmania’, Environmental History Vol. 11, No. 1 (Jan., 2006). It has been claimed by authors such as Jeremy Paxman and Niall Ferguson, that the British colonisation of Tasmania led to the genocide of the native aborigines of Tasmania. Although distantly related, they had been separate from the Australian Aborigines for around 8,000 years. It is unknown how many Aborigines were living on the island when the Dutch arrived in 1642 nor when James Cook landed in 1777 but when the British began their colonisation in 1803, there were perhaps seven to eight thousand left, many", "title": "British colonisation of Tasmania" }, { "id": "12774099", "text": "Gondwana until the plate began to drift north about 96 million years ago. For most of the time since then, Australia–New Guinea remained a continuous landmass. When the last glacial period ended in about 10,000 BC, rising sea levels formed Bass Strait, separating Tasmania from the mainland. Then between about 8,000 and 6,500 BC, the lowlands in the north were flooded by the sea, separating New Guinea, the Aru Islands, and the Australian mainland. A northern arc consisting of the New Guinea Highlands, the Raja Ampat Islands, and Halmahera was uplifted by the northward migration of Australia and subduction of", "title": "Australia (continent)" }, { "id": "2888562", "text": "is subject to the infamous Roaring Forties winds. The southernmost point is Stokes Point and the northernmost point is Cape Wickham. There are three small islands immediately offshore: New Year Island and Christmas Island situated to the northwest, and a smaller island Councillor Island to the east, opposite Sea Elephant Beach. King Island was first visited by Europeans in the late 18th century. It was named after Philip Gidley King, Colonial Governor of New South Wales, whose territory at the time included what is now Tasmania. Sealers established temporary settlements on the island in the early 19th century, but it", "title": "King Island (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "16193123", "text": "village near the Bass Strait, hiding from British authorities. British colonisation of Tasmania \"For information concerning warfare with the aborigines of Australia, see Black War.\" The British colonisation of Tasmania took place between 1803 and 1830. Tasmania was a British colony from 1856 until 1901, at which time it joined five other colonies to form the Commonwealth of Australia. By the end of the colonisation in 1830 the British Empire had annexed large parts of mainland Australia, and all of Tasmania. The first British colonies on Tasmania appeared circa 1803. Small numbers of whalers and sealers set up communities along", "title": "British colonisation of Tasmania" }, { "id": "9243696", "text": "Site Management Authority also became part of the Department. In the same year the Douglas-Apsley National Park, important for its dry sclerophyll forests, was established in the east of the state. The Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area was expanded to include the Central Plateau Conservation Area. With other additions the World Heritage Area increased to (approximately 20% of Tasmania). In 1990, Tasmania's first marine reserves were established at Maria Island, Governor Island, Tinderbox and Ninepins Point. On 3 February 1993, the Department once again merged, this time with the Department of Environment and Land Management (DELM), with The Parks and", "title": "Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service" }, { "id": "751856", "text": "BP, at which point Bass Strait was formed and Tasmania became a separate island. Like the rest of the waters surrounding Tasmania, and particularly because of its limited depth, it is notoriously rough, with many ships lost there during the 19th century. A lighthouse was erected on Deal Island in 1848 to assist ships in the eastern part of the Straits, but there were no guides to the western entrance until the Cape Otway Lighthouse was first lit in 1848, followed by another at Cape Wickham at the northern end of King Island in 1861. Strong currents between the Antarctic-driven", "title": "Bass Strait" }, { "id": "12273584", "text": "Climate of Tasmania Tasmania has a cool temperate climate with four distinct seasons. The highest recorded maximum temperature in Tasmania is at Scamander on 30 January 2009, during the 2009 southeastern Australia heat wave. Tasmania's lowest recorded minimum temperature is on 30 June 1983, at Butlers Gorge, Shannon, and Tarraleah. Rainfall in Tasmania is highly differentiated for a relatively compact island. It follows a complicated pattern rather analogous to that found on large continents at the same latitude in the northern hemisphere. Rainfall increases from around at Ouse in the centre to at Cradle Valley in the northwestern highlands. Sunshine", "title": "Climate of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408924", "text": "1936, and is now found in the wild only in Tasmania. Tasmania was one of the last regions of Australia to be introduced to domesticated dogs. Dogs were brought from Britain in 1803 for hunting kangaroos and emus. This introduction completely transformed Aboriginal society, as it helped them to successfully compete with European hunters, and was more important than the introduction of guns for the Aboriginals. Tasmania's population is more homogeneous than that of other states of Australia, with many of British descent. Approximately 65% of its residents are descendants of an estimated 10,000 \"founding families\" from the mid-19th century.", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408913", "text": "tributary to the Tamar Estuary, and the outflow from the power station also joins the Tamar River downstream of Launceston. The state of Tasmania shares a land border with Victoria at its northernmost terrestrial point, Boundary Islet, a nature reserve in Bass Strait. Tasmania (the state) also includes Macquarie Island, situated 1,500 km south of the state, and approximately halfway between New Zealand and the Antarctic mainland, along with neighbouring island groups Judge and Clerk Islets 11 km north and Bishop and Clerk Islets about 37 km south of Macquarie Island. The latter include the southernmost terrestrial point of the", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "12232018", "text": "boundary of the Australian Plate and the Pacific Plate in Eocene times . Spreading from the ridge became less perpendicular (ESE-WNW), more oblique (SE-NW) and eventually almost parallel to the ridge (NNE-SSW). The plate boundary is now entirely a transform fault a few kilometers to the west of the island. This left fracture zones and spreading fabric in the rock. The geomagnetic reversals leave a magnetic anomaly trace in the rock. Transpression on the plate boundary has deformed the oceanic crust in the vicinity to make the Macquarie Ridge Complex, raising Macquarie Island out of the water. It is studied", "title": "Geology of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408892", "text": "Nicholas Clements, citing research by N.J.B. Plomley and Rhys Jones, settled on a figure of 3,000 to 4,000. They engaged in fire-stick farming, hunted game including kangaroo and wallabies, caught seals, mutton-birds, shellfish and fish and lived as nine separate \"nations\" on the island, which they knew as \"Trouwunna\". The first reported sighting of Tasmania by a European was on 24 November 1642 by Dutch explorer Abel Tasman, who landed at today's Blackmans Bay. More than a century later, in 1772, a French expedition led by Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne also landed at Blackmans Bay, and the following year Tobias", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "16193122", "text": "of whom were already dying from diseases thought to have been contracted from European sailors, explorers and seal hunters. In addition many had been left infertile by venereal disease but the introduction of technologically advanced, brutal convicts and less than sympathetic settlers contributed to their misery. Almost all of the 7000 native people were killed during a period of colonisation lasting around 27 years. By the end of Britain's colonisation in 1830, at least two families of Aborigines were living on the Island. By 1835 only one aboriginal family remained on the island. They were living in a white sealing", "title": "British colonisation of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408917", "text": "Hobart. Tasmania has a relatively cool temperate climate compared to the rest of Australia with four distinct seasons. Summer is from December to February when the average maximum sea temperature is and inland areas around Launceston reach . Other inland areas are much cooler, with Liawenee, located on the Central Plateau, one of the coldest places in Australia, ranging between and in February. Autumn is from March to May, with mostly settled weather, as summer patterns gradually take on the shape of winter patterns. The winter months are from June to August, and are generally the wettest and coolest months", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "2888561", "text": "King Island (Tasmania) King Island is an island in the Bass Strait, belonging to the Australian state of Tasmania. It is the largest of three islands known as the New Year Group, and the second-largest island in Bass Strait (after Flinders Island). The island's population at the was 1,585 people, up from 1,566 in 2011. The local government area of the island is the King Island Council. The island forms part of the official land divide between the Great Australian Bight and Bass Strait, off the north-western tip of Tasmania and about halfway to the mainland state of Victoria. It", "title": "King Island (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "16193118", "text": "settlers and convicts came from Great Britain. Communities around Hobart and Launceston were established, which would eventually become the largest settlements on Tasmania, and railways connecting the towns were built. The early colonies on Tasmania constantly suffered from lack of food. By 1820, British authorities controlled around 15% of Tasmania stretching from Hobart to Launceston. Much of this land had been settled for farming, with colonists exporting grain to Great Britain and rearing cattle for local consumption. It was during this agricultural expansion that the population of colonists from 7,185 in 1821 to 24, 279 in 1830. During this time,", "title": "British colonisation of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408887", "text": "is named after Dutch explorer Abel Tasman, who made the first reported European sighting of the island on 24 November 1642. Tasman named the island Anthony van Diemen's Land after his sponsor Anthony van Diemen, the Governor of the Dutch East Indies. The name was later shortened to Van Diemen's Land by the British. It was officially renamed Tasmania in honour of its first European discoverer on 1 January 1856. Tasmania was sometimes referred to as \"Dervon,\" as mentioned in the Jerilderie Letter written by the notorious Australian bushranger Ned Kelly in 1879. The colloquial expression for the state is", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "13655534", "text": "of effective legislation led to agitators lobbying for better representation. on 31 October 1845 the 'Patriotic six' walked out of the Legislative Council, leaving it without a quorum, but by 23 March 1847 they had been restored. In 1849 the Australasian Anti-Transportation League was established in Launceston, and had soon established branches in the other Australian colonies. The Australian Republican Association (ARA) was founded at this time, but failed to gain much support. On 5 August 1850, the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the \"Australian Constitutions Act\", granting the right of legislative power to the Australian colonies, and called", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408900", "text": "declaring that colonists were free to kill Aborigines when they attacked settlers or their property and in the following eight months more than 200 Aborigines were killed in the Settled Districts in reprisal for the deaths of 15 colonists. After another eight months the death toll had risen to 43 colonists and probably 350 Aboriginals. Almost 300 British troops were sent into the Settled Districts, and in November 1828 Arthur declared martial law, giving soldiers the right to shoot on sight any Aboriginal in the Settled Districts. Martial law would remain in force for more than three years, the longest", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "1807348", "text": "describe themselves as Aboriginal Tasmanians since a number of Parlevar women bore children to European men in the Furneaux Islands and mainland Tasmania. People crossed into Tasmania approximately 40,000 years, ago via a land bridge between the island and the rest of mainland Australia, during the last glacial period. According to genetic studies, once the sea level rose, flooding the Bassian Plain, the people were left isolated for approximately 8,000 years, until the time of European exploration, during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Until the 1980s, it was thought that Tasmania was only occupied relatively recently, but the", "title": "Aboriginal Tasmanians" }, { "id": "408914", "text": "state of Tasmania, and the southernmost internationally recognised land in Australia. Tasmania's insularity was probably detected by Captain Abel Tasman when he charted Tasmania's coast in 1642. On 5 December, Tasman was following the east coast northward to see how far it went. When the land veered to the north-west at Eddystone Point, he tried to keep in with it but his ships were suddenly hit by the Roaring Forties howling through Banks Strait. Tasman was on a mission to find the Southern Continent, not more islands, so he abruptly turned away to the east and continued his continent-hunting. The", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "2762797", "text": "10,000. Historian Lyndall Ryan's analysis of population studies led her to conclude that there were about 7000 spread throughout the island's nine nations; Nicholas Clements, citing research by N.J.B. Plomley and Rhys Jones, settled on a figure of 3000 to 4000. The combination of the so-called Black War, internecine conflict and, from the late 1820s, the spread of infectious diseases to which they had no immunity, reduced the population to about 300 by 1833. Almost all of the indigenous population was relocated to Flinders Island by George Augustus Robinson. Until the 1970s, most people thought that the last surviving Tasmanian", "title": "History of Tasmania" }, { "id": "2888575", "text": "but eventually proved uneconomic to construct. The proposal was shelved in late 2014. The Dolphin mine, located on the southeast side of the island, is one of the largest tungsten reserves in Australia. The King Island emu was endemic to the island. Although numerous bones have been found, the only existing skin was collected by Nicolas Baudin in 1802, shortly before the species became extinct, probably as a result of hunting by sealers for food. Some 193 km of the island, consisting of the coastline in a strip extending from the low water mark to one kilometre inland of the", "title": "King Island (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "511794", "text": "when they approached the town. The British established a new outpost in Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania) in 1803. Although Tasmanian history is amongst the most contested by modern historians, conflict between colonists and Aborigines was referred to in some contemporary accounts as the \"Black War\". The combined effects of disease, dispossession, intermarriage and conflict saw a collapse of the Aboriginal population of Tasmania from a few thousand people when the British arrived, to a few hundred by the 1830s. Estimates of how many people were killed during the period begin at around 300, though verification of the true figure is", "title": "History of Australia" }, { "id": "408896", "text": "among the colonists men outnumbered women four to one. Wealthy middle-class free settlers began arriving in large numbers from 1820, lured by the promise of land grants and free convict labour. Settlement in the island's northwest corner was monopolised by the Van Diemen's Land Company, which sent its first surveyors to the district in 1826. By 1830 one-third of Australia's non-Indigenous population lived in Van Diemen's Land and the island accounted for about half of all land under cultivation and exports. Tensions between Tasmania's black and white inhabitants rose, partly driven by increasing competition for kangaroo and other game. Explorer", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "2521024", "text": "RAN on 27 January 1920. \"Tasmania\" and three of her sister ships sailed for Australia on 20 February, visiting ports in the Mediterranean, India, Singapore, and the Netherlands East Indies before reaching Sydney on 29 April. \"Tasmania\" was primarily used for training, and apart from a visit to New Guinea in 1924, remained in Australian waters. \"Tasmania\" paid off into reserve on 9 January 1928. She was sold to Penguins Limited for ship breaking on 4 June 1937. HMAS Tasmania HMAS \"Tasmania\" (H25) was an Admiralty S class destroyer of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Built for the Royal Navy", "title": "HMAS Tasmania" }, { "id": "15540031", "text": "complete isolation. The isolation of the island was not absolute, given the rise and fall of sea level caused by the ebb and flow of ice ages. Land bridges or islands formed between Tasmania and its neighbour, mainland Australia. Thus new species came to Tasmania while Gondwanan species were able to penetrate the Pacific Islands region. Plants have limited seed dispersal mobility away from the parent plant and consequently rely upon a variety of dispersal vectors to transport their propagules, including both abiotic and biotic vectors. Seeds can be dispersed away from the parent plant individually or collectively, as well", "title": "Flora and fauna of Tasmania" }, { "id": "2422302", "text": "Aboriginal people to move across the region of southern Victoria and on to the land bridge of the Bassian plain to Tasmania by at least 35,000 years ago. During the Ice Age about 20,000 years BP, the area now known as Port Phillip would have been dry land, and the Yarra and Werribee river would have joined to flow through the heads then south and south west through the Bassian plain before meeting the ocean to the west. Tasmania and the Bass Strait islands became separated from mainland Australia around 12,000 BP, when the sea level was approximately 50m below", "title": "Wurundjeri" }, { "id": "4813296", "text": "Boundary Islet Boundary Islet, historically known as North East Islet, part of the Hogan Island Group, is a islet that straddles the border of the Australian states of Victoria and Tasmania. The islet is Tasmania's only land boundary, and at long, it is the shortest land border between any Australian states or territory. It is located at latitude 39°12′ S, about east of the southernmost point of mainland Victoria. The boundary between Victoria and Tasmania is a parallel similarly at latitude 39°12′. The position of the island was surveyed in 1801 by Captain John Black, who erred in placing the", "title": "Boundary Islet" }, { "id": "408908", "text": "will be created, while opponents argue that pollution will damage both the Bass Strait fishing industry and local tourism. The company behind the proposal collapsed in 2012 and the pulp mill project officially ended in 2017 when the building permits lapsed. In January 2011 philanthropist David Walsh opened the Museum of Old and New Art (MONA) in Hobart to international acclaim. Within 12 months, MONA became Tasmania's top tourism attraction. Tasmania's landmass of is located directly in the pathway of the notorious \"Roaring Forties\" wind that encircles the globe. To its north, it is separated from mainland Australia by Bass", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "13655556", "text": "the 1830s and 40s in which the Royal Navy had threatened to ban shore visits in Hobart because of debauchery, licentious behaviour and gambling, the colony had evolved to become quite conservative. The adoption of responsible self-government and the cessation of transportation had seem Tasmanian society deliberately seek to break with its past as a penal colony, and establish the more sophisticated trappings of proper British polite society. The influence of Governor John Franklin, and his wife Jane had done much to provide that sense of refinement, Tasmania had previously been lacking. They had promoted culture and education, Jane Franklin", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "11238105", "text": "in the Hobart region. Prior to Australian Federation, the island of Tasmania was a colony of the British Empire, and as such was often at war with Britain's enemies and European rivals, such as France and later Russia. The British had already established the colony of Sydney at Port Jackson in New South Wales in 1788, but soon began to consider the island of Tasmania as the potential site of a useful second colony. It was an island, cut off from the mainland of Australia and isolated geographically, making it ideal for a penal colony, and was rich in timber,", "title": "Hobart coastal defences" }, { "id": "2762798", "text": "Aborigine was Trugernanner, who died in 1876. However this \"extinction\" was a myth, as documented by Lyndall Ryan in 1991. The first reported sighting of Tasmania by a European was on 24 November 1642 by the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman, who named the island Anthoonij van Diemenslandt, after his sponsor, the Governor of the Dutch East Indies. The name was later shortened to Van Diemen's Land by the British. In 1772, a French expedition led by Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne landed on the island. Captain James Cook also sighted the island in 1777, and numerous other European seafarers made landfalls,", "title": "History of Tasmania" }, { "id": "12273590", "text": "are June, July, and August, and are generally the wettest and coolest months in the state, with most elevated areas receiving considerable snowfall. Winter maximums range from along the coast, to on the Central Plateau, thanks to frequent cold fronts from the Southern Ocean. Minimum temperatures however are warmer than mainland Australia, most of coastal Tasmania rarely drops below freezing and daily temperature variation is often very narrow. Elevated, inland areas can however drop below during clear nights between fronts, while during snowy weather the maximum temperature may not rise above . The Spring months are September, October, and November.", "title": "Climate of Tasmania" }, { "id": "2762804", "text": "the year that the Legislative Council met formally for the first time. 1827 saw the first regatta-style events on Derwent River and Van Diemen's Land Company began settlement at Emu Bay (now Burnie). A proclamation made in 1828 by Lieutenant-Governor George Arthur excluded Aborigines from settled areas and was the year of the Cape Grim massacre. In 1828, martial law was also declared against Aborigines in settled areas after Van Diemen's Land Company shepherds killed 30 Aborigines at Cape Grim and regular mail services with Sydney began. That year also saw widespread floods. The following year a jail for women", "title": "History of Tasmania" }, { "id": "16193119", "text": "the British authorities ceded rural land owned by the Crown to British colonists. 6,000 settlers received land along rivers on the Eastern Midland Plain between Hobart and Launceston under this scheme, many colonists also settled along the Meander River west of Launceston. These settlers reared sheep and exported wool and mutton to Northern England. The total number of sheep reared on Tasmania was around 1,000,000. Over time, the British acquired over 30% of Tasmanian land. The entire area became known as the Settled Districts. By 1823 the population of aboriginals was estimated at around 2,000. Tasmania had until 1803 been", "title": "British colonisation of Tasmania" }, { "id": "408925", "text": ", more than 80% of Tasmanians were born in the state and almost 90% were born in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, or Ireland. Until 2012, Tasmania was the only state in Australia with an above-replacement total fertility rate; Tasmanian women had an average of 2.24 children each. By 2012 the birth rate had slipped to 2.1 children per woman, bringing the state to the replacement threshold, but it continues to have the second-highest birth rate of any state or territory (behind the Northern Territory). Major population centres include Hobart, Launceston, Devonport, Burnie, and Ulverstone. Kingston is often defined as", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408918", "text": "in the state, with most high lying areas receiving considerable snowfall. Winter maximums are on average along coastal areas and on the central plateau, as a result of a series of cold fronts from the Southern Ocean. Inland areas receive regular freezes throughout the winter months. Spring is from September to November, and is an unsettled season of transition, where winter weather patterns begin to take the shape of summer patterns, although snowfall is still common up until October. Spring is generally the windiest time of the year with afternoon sea breezes starting to take effect on the coast. Despite", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "4813297", "text": "islet further north than it is. It was later found that the border at 39°12′ S passed through the islet. Boundary Islet Boundary Islet, historically known as North East Islet, part of the Hogan Island Group, is a islet that straddles the border of the Australian states of Victoria and Tasmania. The islet is Tasmania's only land boundary, and at long, it is the shortest land border between any Australian states or territory. It is located at latitude 39°12′ S, about east of the southernmost point of mainland Victoria. The boundary between Victoria and Tasmania is a parallel similarly at", "title": "Boundary Islet" }, { "id": "13655543", "text": "from office, a later replacement, Hugh Childers reinvigorated the process with the Childers reforms. One of Cardwell's major proposals to increase troop numbers was the withdrawal of British garrisons from the self-governing colonies (to be replaced by locally raised units) which would save money and allow for more troops to be available for deployment in times of war, which he announced in 1869. By 1870 the troops were being withdrawn, and by 1871, more than 26,000 men had returned to Great Britain from all over the British Empire. This meant that at short notice the Government of Tasmania was given", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "751869", "text": "leaving Wilsons Promontory in Victoria on 25 February 2014 and arriving at Cape Portland in northeastern Tasmania on 4 March 2014. Bass Strait Bass Strait is a sea strait separating Tasmania from the Australian mainland, specifically the state of Victoria. The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of Bass Strait as follows: Some authorities consider the strait to be part of the Pacific Ocean as in the never-approved 2002 IHO \"Limits of Oceans and Seas\" draft. In the currently in-force IHO 1953 draft, it is instead listed as part of the Indian Ocean. The Australian Hydrographic Service does not consider", "title": "Bass Strait" }, { "id": "424006", "text": "the female contraceptive implants will be tested in the Maria Island insurance population. Widespread across Australia in the Pleistocene, the Tasmanian devil had declined and become restricted to three relict populations during the mid-Holocene period around 3,000 years ago. Rock art and a single fossil near Darwin point to a northern population, and remains in the southeast signify a southeastern population ranging from the mouth of the Murray River eastwards to the vicinity of Port Phillip in Victoria. This population had contracted from northern Victoria and New South Wales. The rising sea levels in the Holocene also cut it off", "title": "Tasmanian devil" }, { "id": "11677074", "text": "Great Dog Island (Tasmania) The Great Dog Island, also known as Big Dog Island, and part of the Great Dog Group within the Furneaux Group, is a granite island, located in Bass Strait, lying south of the Flinders Island and north of the Cape Barren Island, in Tasmania, in south-eastern Australia. The island is private property and has been severely affected by grazing livestock, fire, muttonbirding and the introduction of exotic animals. The island is part of the Franklin Sound Islands Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because it holds over 1% of the world populations of", "title": "Great Dog Island (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "8705771", "text": "won all 16 seats up for election. The Legislative Council subsequently voted 16 to 4 to request Queen Victoria to revoke the Order in Council, permitting transportation to Tasmania and Norfolk Island in spite of the strong opposition of Lieutenant Governor William Denison. The Victorian gold rush, commencing in the same year, led the British Government to discontinue transportation, because it was seen as an incentive for criminals to be transported to eastern Australia, and the last convict ship to be sent from England, the \"St. Vincent\", arrived in Tasmania in 1853. The League had its own flag, the Union", "title": "Australasian Anti-Transportation League" }, { "id": "9524548", "text": "Hampshire, Tasmania Hampshire is a locality in the north-west of Tasmania (Australian postcode 7321) inland from Burnie. It was first settled by Europeans in the late 1820s when rolling plains were mistakenly believed to be good grazing ground for sheep by the surveyors of the Van Diemen's Land Company. In fact, the open lands were the result of generations of burning off the natural temperate rainforest by the indigenous aboriginal population of the area, and it proved totally unsuitable for the chosen purpose. In later years its fertile soils have been used for a variety of agricultural uses although it", "title": "Hampshire, Tasmania" }, { "id": "13655533", "text": "in the late nineteenth century, becoming a world-centre of shipbuilding. It raised a local defence force which eventually played a significant role in the Second Boer War in South Africa, and Tasmanian soldiers in that conflict won the first two Victoria Crosses won by Australians. Tasmanians voted in favour of federation with the largest majority of all the Australian colonies, and on 1 January 1901, the Colony of Tasmania, became the Australian state of Tasmania. A campaign for self-government in Van Diemen's Land had first begun in 1842. A growing resentment against penal transportation to the colony, and a lack", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "13655548", "text": "proclamation by Tasmanian colonial Governor Frederick Aloysius Weld on 25 September 1876, and was first published in the \"Tasmanian Gazette\" the same day. The governor's proclamation here were three official flags, they being the Governor's flag, the Tasmania Government vessel flag, and a Tasmania merchant flag. Up until 1856 when Tasmania was granted responsible self-government, the Union flag and the British ensign were primarily used on state occasions. The population of the colony began to rise quite rapidly in the period immediately following the discovery of gold. In 1880 the colony's population was 114, 762, but by 1884, it had", "title": "Colony of Tasmania" }, { "id": "20179371", "text": "Conventions successfully advocated for section 87 and section 96 to be included in the Australian Constitution. After federation, Tasmania lost much of its revenue due to the free trade provisions of the Australian Constitution, and was constantly dependent on grants from the Commonwealth to maintain itself (though it also gained revenue from its state lottery, which was popular in other states). This frustration began turning into calls for independence in the 1920s, which were supported by the Hobart Chamber of Commerce, and the \"Mercury\" newspaper - in 1922, the \"Mercury\" called for the \"complete dissolution of the Federation\". In 1925,", "title": "Secessionism in Tasmania" }, { "id": "408897", "text": "and naval officer John Oxley in 1810 noted the \"many atrocious cruelties\" inflicted on Aboriginals by convict bushrangers in the north, which in turn led to black attacks on solitary white hunters. Hostilities increased further with the arrival of 600 colonists from Norfolk Island between 1807 and 1813. They established farms along the River Derwent and east and west of Launceston, occupying 10 percent of Van Diemen's Land. By 1824 the colonial population had swelled to 12,600, while the island's sheep population had reached 200,000. The rapid colonisation transformed traditional kangaroo hunting grounds into farms with grazing livestock as well", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "6600737", "text": "Jan Pelgrom and Wouter Loos were marooned on the Australian mainland, probably at or near the mouth of Hutt River in Western Australia, on 16 November 1629. They were the first Europeans to reside in Australia. Abel Tasman (whose last name now names Tasmania) was subsequently ordered to search for the castaways on his voyage along the coasts of northern Australia in 1643-44 but did not sail that far south. They were not seen again by Europeans. It has been argued by Rupert Gerritsen in \"And Their Ghosts May Be Heard\" and subsequent publications that they survived and had a", "title": "Castaway" }, { "id": "9087606", "text": "the settlers, at one stage numbering a hundred, outgrew the island resources. The population, having to relocate or face starvation, moved to adjacent Cape Barren Island. Long Island was Australia's first post office south of Sydney. It is currently not permanently inhabited and is used to graze sheep. Much of Long Island has been heavily grazed and regularly burnt over a long period. There are patches of remnant \"Melaleuca\" scrub at the western end of the island, and the southernmost community of \"Melaleuca armillaris\" in Australia is found here. Recorded breeding seabird, wader and waterbird species include little penguin, Pacific", "title": "Long Island (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "1921111", "text": "on which Port Arthur is located is a naturally secure site by being surrounded by water (rumoured by the administration to be shark-infested). The 30-m-wide isthmus of Eaglehawk Neck that was the only connection to the mainland was fenced and guarded by soldiers, man traps, and half-starved dogs. Contact between visiting seamen and prisoners was barred. Ships had to check in their sails and oars upon landing to prevent any escapes. However, many attempts were made, and some were successful. Boats were seized and rowed or sailed long distances to freedom. Shore-based and ship-based whaling was banned in the area", "title": "Port Arthur, Tasmania" }, { "id": "446638", "text": "Van Diemen's Land Van Diemen's Land was the original name used by most Europeans for the island of Tasmania, part of Australia. The name was changed from Van Diemen's Land to Tasmania in 1856. The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman was the first European to land on the shores of Tasmania in 1642. Landing at Blackman Bay and later having the Dutch flag flown at North Bay, Tasman named the island Anthoonij van Diemenslandt, in honour of Anthony van Diemen, the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, who had sent Tasman on his voyage of discovery. Between 1772 and 1798, only", "title": "Van Diemen's Land" }, { "id": "8097497", "text": "Island emu, was confined to a small island situated in the Bass Strait between Tasmania and Victoria, approximately 100 km (62 mi) from both coasts. King Island was once part of the land bridge which connected Tasmania and mainland Australia, but rising sea levels following the last glacial maximum eventually isolated the island. As a result of phenotypic plasticity the King Island emu population possibly underwent a process of insular dwarfism. Emu eggshells were also identified from Flinders Island (in the opposite, eastern end of the Bass Strait) in 2017, possibly representing a distinct taxon. According to the authors of", "title": "King Island emu" }, { "id": "8629511", "text": "Tasmania Fire Service The Tasmania Fire Service (TFS) is the Tasmanian Government agency responsible for fire suppression and control for the state of Tasmania and its surrounding islands. Established on 1 November 1979 as a result of enacting the \"Fire Service Act\" 1979, the TFS superseded the State Fire Authority, the Rural Fires Board and 22 urban fire brigades. The Tasmanian Fire Service is under the State Fire Commission and comprises, the Commissioner, the Director of Urban brigades, the Director of Country brigades - as well as two representatives from local government, and a representative of the State Treasurer. As", "title": "Tasmania Fire Service" }, { "id": "408894", "text": "southern Australian coastline. Bowen, who led a party of 49, including 21 male and three female convicts, named the camp Risdon. Several months later a second settlement was established by Captain David Collins, with 308 convicts, to the south in Sullivans Cove on the western side of the Derwent, where fresh water was more plentiful. The latter settlement became known as Hobart Town or Hobarton, later shortened to Hobart, after the British Colonial Secretary of the time, Lord Hobart. The settlement at Risdon was later abandoned. Left on their own without further supplies, the Sullivans Cove settlement suffered severe food", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "408926", "text": "a separate city but is generally regarded as part of the Greater Hobart Area. The form of the government of Tasmania is prescribed in its constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then. Since 1901, Tasmania has been a state of the Commonwealth of Australia, and the Australian Constitution regulates its relationship with the Commonwealth and prescribes which powers each level of government is allowed. Tasmania is a State in the Australian federation. Its relationship with the Federal Government and Parliament are regulated by the Australian Constitution. Tasmania is represented in the Senate by", "title": "Tasmania" }, { "id": "5357191", "text": "counterweights above the road, forcing the temporary closure of the bridge. This closure caused peak hour traffic delays, mainly along the East Derwent Highway, due to traffic being diverted over the Bowen and Tasman Bridges. The cables, which were put in place in 1994, were supposed to have a 20-year lifespan, and as they have lasted barely over half that time, investigations are underway as to the maintenance procedures of the bridge. Since 2001 The Federal Government declared $100 million towards the replacement of the Bridgewater Bridge, soon after the State government decided to build the replacement to the south", "title": "Bridgewater Bridge (Tasmania)" }, { "id": "5478327", "text": "summer. Many outsiders have had difficulty understanding the isolation of the west coast, and the small communities, and the historical context to that isolation. Initially the only way in and out was by sea, and no serviceable roads to either the north or east existed until the 1930s (east) or the 1960s (north). Railways were the main land connection from the 1920s to the 1960s - though that connection was with the north coast, rather than the more populous southeast. The treacherous conditions at Hell's Gates at the mouth of Macquarie Harbour, and ocean travel along the exposed western side", "title": "West Coast, Tasmania" } ]	when was tasmania cut off from the mainland
[ "Solomon Burke" ]	[ { "id": "3798064", "text": "Don't Give Up on Me Don't Give Up on Me is a studio album by R&B/Soul singer Solomon Burke, recorded and released in 2002 on Fat Possum Records. The album won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album. It is noteworthy for the contributions of original and previously unreleased compositions by top-rank songwriters, the effect of which placed Burke back in the public eye for a time. Guest stars are Daniel Lanois, who plays electric guitar on \"Stepchild\", and The Blind Boys of Alabama, who feature on backing vocals for \"None of Us Are Free\". \"None of Us Are", "title": "Don't Give Up on Me" }, { "id": "3798065", "text": "Free\" was also featured at the end of the sixth episode (\"Spin\") of the second season of \"House\". \"Fast Train\" was featured during the ending montage of the season three finale of \"The Wire\". The title track, written by the team of Dan Penn and Carson Whitsett with Hoy Lindsey, gained popularity (and introduced Burke to a new generation) when it was used several times on the popular primetime teen soap opera \"The O.C.\" as one of the signature song of adult couple Sandy and Kirsten Cohen, played by Peter Gallagher and Kelly Rowan. It became a staple of Burke's", "title": "Don't Give Up on Me" }, { "id": "8840330", "text": "Don't Give Up on Us (song) \"Don't Give Up on Us\" is a song by American-British singer David Soul. Riding high on the success of playing in the hit TV show \"Starsky and Hutch\", Soul returned to one of his early career choices as a singer. His debut, the Tony Macaulay-written-and-produced \"Don't Give Up on Us\" was a worldwide smash, spending four weeks at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart in January and February 1977, and a single week at No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in April 1977. In addition, the song spent one week at No.", "title": "Don't Give Up on Us (song)" }, { "id": "3798066", "text": "live performances and has been covered by Joe Cocker, as well as Peter Gallagher, who also performed the song on \"The O.C.\" Don't Give Up on Me Don't Give Up on Me is a studio album by R&B/Soul singer Solomon Burke, recorded and released in 2002 on Fat Possum Records. The album won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album. It is noteworthy for the contributions of original and previously unreleased compositions by top-rank songwriters, the effect of which placed Burke back in the public eye for a time. Guest stars are Daniel Lanois, who plays electric guitar on", "title": "Don't Give Up on Me" }, { "id": "3961188", "text": "title track to Solomon Burke's Grammy winning \"comeback\" album \"Don't Give Up On Me\", later covered by Joe Cocker and Susan Boyle. Actor Peter Gallagher performed the song on the hit TV show The O.C.. Other artists who recorded songs written or co-written by Carson Whitsett include Soul icons Etta James, Eddie Floyd, Johnny Adams, James Carr, Ruth Brown, and Wilson Pickett, as well as Country superstars Conway Twitty and Barbara Mandrell and Gospel greats Albertina Walker and The Staple Singers. He also played and wrote material for B.B. King, Jerry Butler, Suzy Bogguss, and Irma Thomas, among others. At", "title": "Carson Whitsett" }, { "id": "7628947", "text": "Lange's images in a 1973 book titled \"In This Proud Land\". He felt that a song based on this was wholly appropriate to difficult economic conditions in England under Margaret Thatcher. He composed lyrics within a situation about a man whose unemployment causes stress in his domestic relationship. The verses, sung by Gabriel, describe the man's feelings of isolation, loneliness and despair; the choruses, sung by Bush, offer words of hope and encouragement. Gabriel originally wrote the song from a reference point of American roots music and he approached country singer Dolly Parton to sing it with him. However, Parton", "title": "Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song)" }, { "id": "7628946", "text": "Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song) \"Don't Give Up\" is a song written by English musician Peter Gabriel and recorded as a duet with Kate Bush for Gabriel's fifth solo studio album \"So\" (1986). The single version was released as the second single from the album in the UK in 1986 and as the fifth single in the United States in 1987. It spent eleven weeks in the UK Top 75 chart in 1986, peaking at #9. The song was inspired by the Depression-era photographs of Dorothea Lange, showing poverty-stricken Americans in dust bowl conditions. Gabriel saw", "title": "Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song)" }, { "id": "19971201", "text": "Never Give Up on You \"Never Give Up on You\" is a song performed by Welsh singer Lucie Jones, who previously appeared on series 6 of \"The X Factor UK\". The song was released on 27 January 2017 by ArtPeople, and represented the United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017. The song was written by Daniel Salcedo, Lawrie Martin, and Emmelie de Forest, the latter whom won the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 with the song \"Only Teardrops\". A new version of the song, along with a music video, was released on 11 March 2017. Danish singer Lasse Meling released", "title": "Never Give Up on You" }, { "id": "20579726", "text": "Don't Give Up on Me (Kill the Noise and Illenium song) \"Don't Give Up on Me\" is a song recorded by American DJs and record producers Kill the Noise and Illenium. It features Mako, who contributed vocals. It was released on February 13, 2018, via Proximity. \"Don't Give Up on Me\" was first leaked in the Reddit community by fans, who shared a link to the unlisted video that was published on Mako's YouTube channel. The video was immediately taken down and removed from public access. The song is described as a genre-bending banger beginning with \"a post-apocalyptic vibe\" with", "title": "Don't Give Up on Me (Kill the Noise and Illenium song)" }, { "id": "16200768", "text": "I Won't Give Up \"I Won't Give Up\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Jason Mraz. It was released as the first official single from his fourth studio album, \"Love Is a Four Letter Word\" on January 3, 2012 via iTunes. It was written by Mraz and Michael Natter, and produced by Joe Chiccarelli. The acoustic folk ballad was written during his activist outings and discusses not giving up on loving someone, loving oneself, and not giving up on one's dreams. It received mostly positive reviews from music critics, who agreed that the song is straightforward, emotional and inspiring. The", "title": "I Won't Give Up" }, { "id": "1423215", "text": "albums on at least 17 record labels and had 35 singles that charted in the US, including 26 singles that made the \"Billboard\" R&B charts. In 2001, Burke was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a performer. His album \"Don't Give Up on Me\" won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album at the 45th Grammy Awards in 2003. By 2005 Burke was credited with selling 17 million albums. \"Rolling Stone\" ranked Burke as no. 89 on its 2008 list of \"100 Greatest Singers of All Time\". Burke was born James Solomon McDonald on March", "title": "Solomon Burke" }, { "id": "19341209", "text": "Don't Give It Up (Robbie Patton song) \"Don't Give it Up\" is a 1981 song by English singer/songwriter Robbie Patton . As of 2016, it is Patton's first and only Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100. \"Don't Give it Up\" reached #26 in the United States in 1981. The song is co-produced by Fleetwood Mac producer Ken Caillat, Fleetwood Mac keyboardist Christine McVie, and Patton. Fleetwood Mac members Bob Weston, Christine McVie, Bob Welch, and Lindsey Buckingham are featured as performers. Also, Colin Allan, who co-wrote Fleetwood Mac's \"Wish You Were Here\" is featured on the track as", "title": "Don't Give It Up (Robbie Patton song)" }, { "id": "10589960", "text": "song was featured in the 1994 comedy film \"Airheads\". All tracks written by Bobby Gillespie, Andrew Innes, Robert Young. \"UK 7\" and cassette\" (Creation) \"US 7\"\" (Sire) \"UK 12\" and CD\" (Creation) Rocks (song) \"Rocks\" is a song by British group Primal Scream, taken from their fourth album, \"Give Out But Don't Give Up\". The song was released as a single in 1994 and reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart, acting as a double A-side with another of the band's songs, \"Funky Jam\". Together they were the highest-charting Primal Scream single until \"Country Girl\" in 2006. In 2018", "title": "Rocks (song)" }, { "id": "11619825", "text": "Tom Shapiro Tom Shapiro (born in Kansas City, Missouri) is an American songwriter and occasional record producer, known primarily for his work in country music. To date, he holds four Country Songwriter of the Year awards from Broadcast Music Incorporated, as well as the Songwriter of the Decade award from the Nashville Songwriters Association International. He has also written more than fifty Top Ten hits, including twenty-six Number Ones. Since the 1970s, Shapiro has been a prominent songwriter, doing most of his work in country music.His first big hit was the international smash, \"Never Give Up On a Good Thing\"", "title": "Tom Shapiro" }, { "id": "8452017", "text": "None of Us Are Free \"None of Us Are Free\" is a rhythm and blues song written by Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil, and Brenda Russell. It was first recorded by Ray Charles on his 1993 album \"My World\", but received relatively little attention at that time. A version was also included by Lynyrd Skynyrd on their 1997 album \"Twenty\". In 2002, a version was recorded by soul singer Solomon Burke on his album \"Don't Give Up On Me\". The track featured The Blind Boys of Alabama on backing vocals, and the album won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues", "title": "None of Us Are Free" }, { "id": "19971202", "text": "a version of the song on April 14, 2017 through AEM Records and Sony Music. The song was produced by Daniel Salcedo and Rune Braager. Never Give Up on You \"Never Give Up on You\" is a song performed by Welsh singer Lucie Jones, who previously appeared on series 6 of \"The X Factor UK\". The song was released on 27 January 2017 by ArtPeople, and represented the United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017. The song was written by Daniel Salcedo, Lawrie Martin, and Emmelie de Forest, the latter whom won the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 with the", "title": "Never Give Up on You" }, { "id": "19771873", "text": "September 2017, Illenium released his second studio album Awake via Kasaya Recordings & Seeking Blue. Illenium won Remix of the Year at the 2017 Electronic Music Awards for his \"Say It\" Flume remix. He also performed at the Electronic Music Awards show that year. On February 13, 2018, a collaboration between Kill the Noise, Illenium and Mako, titled \"Don't Give Up on Me\", was released as single via Proximity. The song was initially leaked in the Reddit community by fans who revealed the link to the then-unreleased version of the song that was published on Mako's YouTube channel. On July", "title": "Illenium" }, { "id": "5271702", "text": "alternative edition There exists an edition of this CD, dated 1999 and carrying a sticker bearing the catalogue number 490 522-2 [11], which omits the final track listed above, \"18 Til I Die\", and instead adds a hidden track after track 15: 16. \"Don't Give Up\" – 3:42, by Chicane Featuring Bryan Adams, written by Nick Bracegirdle, Bryan Adams, and Ray Hedges. No bonus disc is included with this edition. The Best of Me (Bryan Adams album) The Best of Me is the third greatest hits album by Canadian singer Bryan Adams. It was released worldwide in 1999, and in", "title": "The Best of Me (Bryan Adams album)" }, { "id": "8879253", "text": "\"Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me\" was co-written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin during a ten-day period in January 1974 along with the other songs for John's \"Caribou\" album. The song was released as the first single from the album in May 1974 in the United Kingdom, and on 10 June 1974 in the United States. The chorus of the song is supported with a horn arrangement by Del Newman, and features backing vocals by Carl Wilson and Bruce Johnston of the Beach Boys and Toni Tennille. Also on the song are percussion accents provided by Ray", "title": "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" }, { "id": "6700247", "text": "Right Man,\" for which he reunited with many of his friends and colleagues from Memphis and Muscle Shoals Sound Studio. He also has recently written and produced for the Hacienda Brothers. He now lives in Nashville and continues to write with Oldham and other contemporaries, such as Donnie Fritts, Gary Nicholson, and Norbert Putnam. Carson Whitsett and Penn have had their collaborations recorded by Irma Thomas and Johnny Adams and often teamed with writers Jonnie Barmett and, later, Hoy Lindsey. The team of Penn, Whitsett, and Lindsey are responsible for the title track of Solomon Burke's album \"Don't Give Up", "title": "Dan Penn" }, { "id": "20579727", "text": "\"dark synths contrasted by layered harmonic vocals.\" About the song, Illenium told \"Billboard\" \"I've looked up to Kill the Noise for a while now, so it was awesome to get a chance to work on a song with him... I got the vocal from Mako and instantly fell in love with it.\" Don't Give Up on Me (Kill the Noise and Illenium song) \"Don't Give Up on Me\" is a song recorded by American DJs and record producers Kill the Noise and Illenium. It features Mako, who contributed vocals. It was released on February 13, 2018, via Proximity. \"Don't Give", "title": "Don't Give Up on Me (Kill the Noise and Illenium song)" }, { "id": "15488994", "text": "The Sylvers III The Sylvers III is the third album by the Los Angeles, California-based R&B group the Sylvers. Released in 1974, it was produced by Perry Botkin, Jr. and Michael Viner. This was their last recording on MGM before they went to Capitol Records. The album is notable for having few songwriting credits from primary songwriter Leon Sylvers III. Instead, most of the writing is handled by Sharon Sylvers, group member James Sylvers and the Sylvers family matriarch Shirley Sylvers, who wrote three songs: \"Don't Give Up the Good Life\", \"What's It All About\" and \"TCB\". The album released", "title": "The Sylvers III" }, { "id": "19207892", "text": "My Wild West My Wild West is the third album by American singer-songwriter Lissie, released on February 12, 2016. It is released under her own label, Lionboy, together with Thirty Tigers. In anticipation of the album, a music video for the promotional single \"Hero\" was released on November 5, 2015. The album has three singles: the promotional single \"Hero\", the lead single \"Don't You Give Up On Me\", and \"Daughters\", a charity single for the association \"Charity Water\", that helps women working to get clean water. The album was Lissie's most critically acclaimed with an average grade of 73% on", "title": "My Wild West" }, { "id": "8840332", "text": "the film version of \"Starsky and Hutch\". Zsa Zsa Padilla revived this in 1998, making it the first Filipino revival. Piolo Pascual also covered this song for the soundtrack of the film of the same title in the Philippines. The song was also used in the film \"Johnny English Reborn\" (2011). Don't Give Up on Us (song) \"Don't Give Up on Us\" is a song by American-British singer David Soul. Riding high on the success of playing in the hit TV show \"Starsky and Hutch\", Soul returned to one of his early career choices as a singer. His debut, the", "title": "Don't Give Up on Us (song)" }, { "id": "9289343", "text": "and former Hi Records drummer Howard Grimes, Bryant was invited to perform as a vocalist with Memphis-based soul homage outfit The Bo-Keys. After some convincing from Grimes, Bryant accepted and, within a few months, found the inspiration to return to the studio. Bryant and The Bo-Keys recorded \"Don’t Give Up on Love\" in the fall of 2016, which was released on the Fat Possum label in 2017. The album features an array of Bryant’s past triumphs as well as new material. Don Bryant (songwriter) Donald Maurice Bryant (born April 4, 1942, Memphis, Tennessee, United States) is an American rhythm and", "title": "Don Bryant (songwriter)" }, { "id": "8879252", "text": "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me \"Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me\" is a song written by English singer Elton John and his lyricist Bernie Taupin. It was originally recorded in 1974 by Elton John for his studio album \"Caribou\" and was released as a single that peaked at number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and reached number 16 on the UK Singles Chart. The song found further success in 1991 in a live cover version recorded as a duet between John and George Michael, which reached number one in the UK and US.", "title": "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" }, { "id": "15405734", "text": "Grave Remixed EP\". In 2017, Kill the Noise's collaboration with Skrillex and 12th Planet, \"Right on Time\", was remixed by bass DJs Not Sorry and Wild Boyz!. He collaborated with Madsonik and Tom Morello to release the single \"Divebomb\". On February 13, 2018, a collaboration between Kill the Noise, Illenium and Mako, titled \"Don't Give Up on Me\", was released as a single via Proximity. The song was initially leaked in the Reddit community by fans who revealed the link to the then-unreleased version of the song that was published on Mako's YouTube channel. Studio albums Kill the Noise Jacob", "title": "Kill the Noise" }, { "id": "1589465", "text": "of Me\" and the UK number 1 track \"Don't Give Up\". The album reached the Top 10 in Germany and was certified three times platinum in Canada and Platinum in the UK. The single from the album, \"The Best of Me\" was a successful hit with the exception of the US, where neither the single or the album were released by Interscope Records. In 2000, Adams co-wrote and sang on the UK number one song for Chicane's album \"Behind the Sun\" called \"Don't Give Up\". Adams co-wrote and performed the songs for the DreamWorks animated film, \",\" in 2002. The", "title": "Bryan Adams" }, { "id": "2494523", "text": "Chicane (musician) Nicholas Bracegirdle (born 28 February 1971), known professionally as Chicane, is a British musician, composer, songwriter, and record producer. Among his works are singles \"Offshore\", an Ibiza trance anthem included in many compilations in both chill-out and dance versions; \"Saltwater\", which featured vocals by Clannad member Máire Brennan, and the UK number one hit \"Don't Give Up\", featuring vocals by Bryan Adams, which also became a top ten hit on singles charts across Europe and Australia. \"Far from the Maddening Crowds\", Chicane's debut studio album from 1997, is still considered a seminal release among the trance music community,", "title": "Chicane (musician)" }, { "id": "7628953", "text": "two with a Platinum certification. The song was also performed live on the fifth season of \"Dancing with the Stars\". The music video features Noll and Bassingthwaighte in the studio recording the single. The song was included on Willie Nelson's \"Across the Borderline\" album, produced by Don Was, Paul Simon, and Roy Halee. Kate Bush's parts are sung by Sinéad O'Connor. It was reported that funds raised by sales of the single were in excess of $300,000. Track listing Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song) \"Don't Give Up\" is a song written by English musician Peter Gabriel", "title": "Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song)" }, { "id": "16200774", "text": "Lyrically, it is a poignant ode to a long-lasting relationship, which Mraz says he won't give up on her whatever happens. \"Well, I won't give up on us/Even if the skies get rough/I'm giving you all my love/I'm still looking up,\" he sings. It is guitar led with some additional vocal landscapes towards the end of the song. Mraz told \"Billboard\" magazine: \"That, to me, has always been my favorite part of making music; the singing and what voices can do and the voices singing in harmony.\" It is likely that the song was inspired by Mraz's relationship with singer-songwriter", "title": "I Won't Give Up" }, { "id": "3094440", "text": "By Association,\" on the charity album \",\" and collaborated on the songs \"Jump\" on \"Confessions on a Dance Floor,\" \"Devil Wouldn't Recognize You\" on \"Hard Candy,\" and \"Falling Free\" on \"MDNA.\" In the early 2000s, Henry was an inaugural member of the Independent Music Awards' judging panel to support independent artists. After producing the Grammy-award-winning album \"Don't Give Up on Me\" by Solomon Burke, Henry produced additional records and in 2006 opened up a home studio where he often collaborates with recording engineer Ryan Freeland and Los Angeles-based musicians such as Jay Bellerose, Greg Leisz, David Piltch, Patrick Warren and", "title": "Joe Henry" }, { "id": "8840331", "text": "1 on the U.S. adult contemporary chart. It has sold 1.16 million copies in the UK. Its B-side, \"Black Bean Soup\", was a duet with actress Lynne Marta, whom Soul was involved with at the time. \"Don't Give Up on Us\" was rated No. 93 in VH1's \"100 Greatest One-Hit Wonders\" because, despite having more hits in the UK, Soul was never again able to reach the top forty in the US. Soul recorded a new version of the song in 2004, allegedly after being embarrassed when hearing it by chance in an elevator as sung by Owen Wilson in", "title": "Don't Give Up on Us (song)" }, { "id": "15488995", "text": "only one single: \"Don't Give Up the Good Life\". The Sylvers III The Sylvers III is the third album by the Los Angeles, California-based R&B group the Sylvers. Released in 1974, it was produced by Perry Botkin, Jr. and Michael Viner. This was their last recording on MGM before they went to Capitol Records. The album is notable for having few songwriting credits from primary songwriter Leon Sylvers III. Instead, most of the writing is handled by Sharon Sylvers, group member James Sylvers and the Sylvers family matriarch Shirley Sylvers, who wrote three songs: \"Don't Give Up the Good Life\",", "title": "The Sylvers III" }, { "id": "11133417", "text": "major, accompanied by Fender Rhodes electric piano and steel-string acoustic guitar. It tells of a couple who promise to love each other. The song's narrator tells of being with his grandfather, and reading a note that was written by his late grandmother back when both grandparents were younger. The grandfather explains that he had intended to meet her at a certain tree: \"\"If you get there before I do, don't give up on me / I'll meet you when my chores are through, I don't know how long I'll be / But I'm not gonna let you down, darling, wait", "title": "Love, Me" }, { "id": "9448775", "text": "Page to form the dance group La Casa Fronted by Allan Edwards Tibbitt & Dacia Palmer. Together she and Page wrote and produced three songs that appeared on the \"New Faces\" compilation album released by Sire/Warner Bros. Records in 1993. This was not the first time Sa-Fire and Page had collaborated on a project. In 1990, they both co-wrote, produced, and sang the duet \"Don't Give up on Love.\" The song was featured on Page's 1990 album, \"Paintings in my Mind.\" \"Taste the Bass\" was released as a single from her second album, \"I Wasn't Born Yesterday.\" The song peaked", "title": "Sa-Fire" }, { "id": "4867812", "text": "in art history. During her college years, she met her future husband, Sanford \"Sandy\" Cohen, on a campaign for the 1984 presidential elections. Kirsten states that when they fell in love, she \"lived in a mail truck and stank of patchouli\". They married, and Kirsten gave birth to a son, Seth. In the season 2 episode \"The O.Sea\", they celebrated their twentieth anniversary and Sandy serenades her with the song \"Don't Give Up on Me\". Shortly after Kirsten began her family, her mother became ill with ovarian cancer. This prompted the Cohens to move back to Newport. She joined her", "title": "Kirsten Cohen" }, { "id": "9774643", "text": "Time list. The song is ranked at number 339 on the \"Rolling Stone\" magazine's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. On 27 November 2016, the Grammy Hall of Fame announced its induction, along with that of another 24 songs. \"I Can't Make You Love Me\" was written by Nashville writers Mike Reid and Allen Shamblin, who were well-noted for their successes in the country music arena. The song was rewritten many times before being finalized, months later. \"We wrote, most every week, in Mike's basement,\" Shamblin told Peter Cooper in an interview with the Nashville Tennessean. \"And", "title": "I Can't Make You Love Me" }, { "id": "3675857", "text": "1993. \"Toyer\" was produced in London at the Arts Theatre in 2009. His play \"Sea Marks\" was produced in New York in 1981 at the Players Theatre, and in 2014 \"Sea Marks\" was produced Off-Broadway at the Irish Repertory Theatre. A verse by McKay became the lyrics for the song \"Black Bean Soup\" sung by the actor and singer David Soul. It was the B-side of the hit single \"Don't Give Up on Us\". Soul sang it as a duet with actress Lynne Marta. It has sold 1.16 million copies in the UK. It is also part of the soundtrack", "title": "Gardner McKay" }, { "id": "7943674", "text": "US). The Hollies replaced Nash with Terry Sylvester and \"Hollies Sing Dylan\" (1969) was No. 3 in the UK album charts, although it failed to chart in the US. This was one of the first \"tribute albums\" devoted to a single artist by a vocal group. After Nash's December 1968 departure from the group Hicks began to write more solo songs, which were used as either B-sides or album tracks (such as \"Cos You Like To Love Me\" and \"Don't Give Up Easily\" in 1969 and \"Dandelion Wine\" in 1970). He wrote much of The Hollies' 1970 album \"'Confessions of", "title": "Tony Hicks" }, { "id": "235725", "text": "Bush to American listeners, climbing to number 30 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in November 1985. The second side of the album, \"The Ninth Wave\", takes its name from Tennyson's poem, \"Idylls of the King\", about the legendary King Arthur's reign, and is seven interconnecting songs joined in one continuous piece of music. The album earned Bush nominations for Best Female Solo Artist, Best Album, Best Single, and Best Producer at the 1986 BRIT Awards. In the same year, Bush and Peter Gabriel had a UK Top 10 hit with the duet \"Don't Give Up\" (Dolly Parton, Gabriel's original choice", "title": "Kate Bush" }, { "id": "12977335", "text": "Louder Than Love (TKA album) Louder Than Love is an album by Latin freestyle group TKA. It was released on August 15, 1990, on Tommy Boy Records. The album contains four singles, and three entered on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The song \"You Are the One\", was originally released to promote the film Lean on Me, since that music is part of the soundtrack. The song reached position # 91 on the Billboard Hot 100. The singles \"I Won't Give Up on You\" and \"Crash (Have Some Fun)\" reached the # 65 and # 80 respectively. Unlike previous \"Give Your", "title": "Louder Than Love (TKA album)" }, { "id": "4454366", "text": "1 hits; in Canada, five (these two plus \"Daniel\", \"Goodbye Yellow Brick Road\" and \"Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me\") had been chart-toppers. In 2003, \"Greatest Hits\" was ranked at number 136 on \"Rolling Stone\" magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. All music composed by Elton John, all lyrics written by Bernie Taupin. On the international releases, \"Bennie and the Jets\" was replaced by \"Candle in the Wind\" (3:41, taken from the album \"Goodbye Yellow Brick Road\"). The compact disc version of \"Greatest Hits\", issued in the 1990s, features both \"Bennie and the Jets\"", "title": "Greatest Hits (Elton John album)" }, { "id": "7532662", "text": "at the 2007 GMA Dove Awards. The album's lead single \"I'm Not Alright\" also received a Dove Award nomination, in the category Rock/Contemporary Recorded Song of the Year. The Face of Love (album) The Face of Love is the third studio album from Christian rock band Sanctus Real. It was released on April 4, 2006 and peaked at number 158 on the \"Billboard\" 200. The singles \"I'm Not Alright\" and \"Don't Give Up\" both reached number 1 on Christian contemporary hit radio. The album was written and recorded following a period of personal struggles for the band members, and carries", "title": "The Face of Love (album)" }, { "id": "7247624", "text": "Sylver Logan Sharp Sylver Logan Sharp has been lead vocalist with Nile Rodgers and Chic since the early 1990s and continued to tour with them until 2010. In 2005, her song \"All This Time\", written by Jonathan Peters, became a huge hit in clubs and dance stations in large cities such as WKTU in New York, KNHC in Seattle or KNGY in San Francisco. The following year, in 2006, Sharp released a new single entitled \"Don't Give Up (On You),\" which was in digital-format only and not released to radio. It is available on iTunes. In between gigs, she manages", "title": "Sylver Logan Sharp" }, { "id": "2962252", "text": "a theatrical feature film in some countries. During the mid- to late 1970s, Soul returned to his singing roots. Produced by Tony Macaulay, he recorded hits including \"Don't Give Up on Us\" (1977) which reached No. 1 in the US and the UK, and \"Silver Lady\" (1977) which also topped the charts in the UK. From 1976 until 1978, he had five UK Top 20 singles and two Top 10 albums. From 1976 to 1982 he toured extensively in the US, Europe, Far East and South America. In the U.S., he continued to make guest appearances in various television series.", "title": "David Soul" }, { "id": "13490213", "text": "Don't Give Up (Sanctus Real song) \"Don't Give Up\" is a song by Christian rock band Sanctus Real from their 2006 album \"The Face of Love\". The song was released as the third radio single in early 2007, and reached No. 1 on \"R&R\"'s Christian CHR chart in the beginning of May 2007. It is the band's fifth No. 1 hit, and the second chart-topping single from \"The Face of Love\". It ended 2007 as the 6th most played song of the year on Christian contemporary hit radio. The song peaked at No. 11 on the Hot Christian Songs chart.", "title": "Don't Give Up (Sanctus Real song)" }, { "id": "10121256", "text": "by Henry for Solomon Burke to record on \"Don't Give Up on Me\", Burke's Grammy-award-winning album, which Henry produced. The song \"Animal Skin\" was previously recorded by Joe for the \"Groundwork: Act to Reduce Hunger\" charity album. All tracks composed by Joe Henry. Tiny Voices Tiny Voices is the ninth studio album by Joe Henry, released in September 2003, and his first release on the ANTI- label. \"Tiny Voices\" features a unique production sound, quite discordant and unpolished in comparison to Henry's previous album \"Scar\" in 2001. Joe assembled a group of accomplished musicians, and provided them only with basic", "title": "Tiny Voices" }, { "id": "15240294", "text": "30 artists, including George Jones, Jerry Lee Lewis, and Dolly Parton. Other songs Jay wrote include Skeeter Davis' \"Set Him Free\", Jimmy Martin's trucker ode \"Widow Maker\", and many more. Jay eventually stopped performing in the 1970s, and moved to Nashville, Arkansas in 1996 to live with her daughter and son-in-law, guitarist Bobby Chambers. She died in 2006. She was buried in Knoxville, Tennessee. Penny Jay Penny Jay (June 12, 1925 – March 29, 2006) was an American country music singer and songwriter, who was active from the 1940s to the 1960s. She is best known for \"Don't Let Me", "title": "Penny Jay" }, { "id": "6930609", "text": "The album also features \"Don't Give Up on Love,\" a duet with Latin freestyle singer Sa-Fire. Sa-Fire and Page co-wrote the song, which was released as a single overseas. Page's third album, released in 1991, was titled \"From the Heart\", and his vocals there showcased a wider range with higher notes than previous efforts. On this album, the ballads were more orchestral. Tommy cited the songs in the album were inspired by the current music trend at the time of Wilson Phillips. The first single, \"Whenever You Close Your Eyes,\" saw Page working with Michael Bolton and Diane Warren. \"Under", "title": "Tommy Page" }, { "id": "20667297", "text": "Johnny MacRae Johnny MacRae (February 15, 1929—July 3, 2013), born Fred A. MacRae, nicknamed \"Dog\" was an American country music composer credited with 235 songs released by recording artists including Ray Charles, George Jones, and Reba McEntire. His best known songs include \"You Can't Make a Heart Love Somebody\" (George Strait), \"Tonight the Heartache's on Me\" (Dixie Chicks), \"I'd Love to Lay You Down\" (Conway Twitty), \"I Still Believe in Waltzes\" (Loretta Lynn & Conway Twitty), \"Goodbye Says It All\" (Blackhawk), and \"Living Proof\" (Ricky Van Shelton). MacRae was a native of Independence, Missouri. He began composing at age 30.", "title": "Johnny MacRae" }, { "id": "7532653", "text": "The Face of Love (album) The Face of Love is the third studio album from Christian rock band Sanctus Real. It was released on April 4, 2006 and peaked at number 158 on the \"Billboard\" 200. The singles \"I'm Not Alright\" and \"Don't Give Up\" both reached number 1 on Christian contemporary hit radio. The album was written and recorded following a period of personal struggles for the band members, and carries themes of honesty and brokenness. \"The Face of Love\" was generally well received by music critics, who praised its lyrical maturity and vocal performance of lead singer Matt", "title": "The Face of Love (album)" }, { "id": "884485", "text": "Rod Stewart was so moved by the Marathon of Hope that he was inspired to write and dedicate the song \"Never Give Up on a Dream\" – found on his 1981 album \"Tonight I'm Yours\" – to Fox. Stewart also called his 1981–1982 tour of Canada the \"Terry Fox Tour\". The Terry Fox Hall of Fame was established in 1994 to recognize individuals that have made contributions that improved the quality of life of disabled people. The Terry Fox Laboratory research centre was established in Vancouver to conduct leading edge research into the causes and potential cures for cancer. The", "title": "Terry Fox" }, { "id": "10589958", "text": "Rocks (song) \"Rocks\" is a song by British group Primal Scream, taken from their fourth album, \"Give Out But Don't Give Up\". The song was released as a single in 1994 and reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart, acting as a double A-side with another of the band's songs, \"Funky Jam\". Together they were the highest-charting Primal Scream single until \"Country Girl\" in 2006. In 2018 the song received a Silver certification from the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI) for sales exceeding 200,000 copies. This song was the first indication of Primal Scream's change of musical style, when", "title": "Rocks (song)" }, { "id": "16200773", "text": "I'm here to stay and make a difference.' That is for all of us. We all have something that we're fighting for or that we're striving for. Whether we want to coach our soccer team to victory or lose five pounds in a month, whatever it is, there's nothing too small worth fighting for and there's nothing too big worth going after.\" \"I Won't Give Up\" was written by Jason Mraz and Michael Natter, while production was handled by Joe Chiccarelli. The acoustic folk ballad features a slower tempo and a sparse arrangement written in the key of E major.", "title": "I Won't Give Up" }, { "id": "20560971", "text": "Jay Roecker Jay Roecker is an American record producer from Texas. He is best known for the song \"Don't Give Up On Love\" with rapper Jedidiah Breeze. Roecker was born in Ft. Huachuca, Arizona. He grew up in Fort Worth, Texas alongside three siblings. Upon graduating from a school in Denton, Texas, he pursued a career at Radio Disney Network. He has promoted and worked with artists such as Hilary Duff and Miley Cyrus. In 2012, he worked with the band name \"Members Only\", collaborating with other artists. In 2013, he launched Roecker Records and released \"Labor of Love\", his", "title": "Jay Roecker" }, { "id": "7238806", "text": "Lean on Me (song) \"Lean on Me\" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Bill Withers. It was released in April 1972 as the first single from his second album, \"Still Bill\". It was his first and only number one single on both the soul singles and the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. \"Billboard\" ranked it as the No. 7 song of 1972. It is ranked number 208 on \"Rolling Stone\"s list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\". Numerous cover versions have been recorded, and it is one of only nine songs to have reached No. 1 in", "title": "Lean on Me (song)" }, { "id": "8452019", "text": "as CBC Radio's Song Of The Week in Toronto, December 5, 2016. None of Us Are Free \"None of Us Are Free\" is a rhythm and blues song written by Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil, and Brenda Russell. It was first recorded by Ray Charles on his 1993 album \"My World\", but received relatively little attention at that time. A version was also included by Lynyrd Skynyrd on their 1997 album \"Twenty\". In 2002, a version was recorded by soul singer Solomon Burke on his album \"Don't Give Up On Me\". The track featured The Blind Boys of Alabama on backing", "title": "None of Us Are Free" }, { "id": "9717660", "text": "a total of $38,543 and 646 backers. On February 7, 2012 the Kickstarter-backed third studio album, titled \"An Unwavering Band of Light\" was released. In 2017, a song from that album, \"Wake Up\", appeared over the end titles of the season Four finale of Netflix's \"Bojack Horseman\". On April 5, 2018, Youngs released the song \"Won't Let Go of Me\" which was featured in the Grey's Anatomy episode \"Hold Back The River\" (Season 14, Episode 18). The song was written with Aaron Espe and Kyle Neal. Neal produced the song while Espe was credited as a co-producer. On March 28,", "title": "Jenny Owen Youngs" }, { "id": "7628951", "text": "took place at the Oven Studios on Long Island. Keys spoke of the recording session at the studio with Bono and Steve Lillywhite: Jann Klose and Renaissance vocalist and painter Annie Haslam released their version, produced by Rave Tesar in June 2017. The recording features Jann Klose on acoustic guitar and lead vocals, Annie Haslam on lead vocals, John Arbo on upright bass, Rob Mitzner on cajon and Rave Tesar on keys. Proceeds from the sale of the recording benefit Desmond Tutu's TutuDesk foundation. Máire Brennan included a version of this song as a bonus track on her 1999 album", "title": "Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song)" }, { "id": "7432372", "text": "at the Seams\"; The 5th Dimension's \"(Last Night) I Didn't Get to Sleep at All\", David Soul's \"Don't Give Up on Us\", plus Donna Summer's 1977 single \"Can't We Just Sit Down (And Talk It Over)\", each of which he wrote on his own. Many others came in collaboration with other songwriters, amongst them were Long John Baldry's \"Let the Heartaches Begin\", Paper Dolls' \"Something Here in My Heart (Keeps A Tellin' Me No)\" and Pickettywitch's \"That Same Old Feeling\", all co-written with John Macleod. Another success for The Foundations was \"Build Me Up Buttercup\", written by Macaulay and Mike", "title": "Tony Macaulay" }, { "id": "10751782", "text": "Don't Touch Me \"Don't Touch Me\" is the name of a classic country music song originally recorded and made famous by Jeannie Seely in 1966. \"Don't Touch Me\" was written by Jeannie Seely's husband, Hank Cochran, the songwriter who wrote Patsy Cline's \"I Fall to Pieces\" and Eddy Arnold's \"Make the World Go Away\". Country music singer, Buck Owens originally wanted to record the song, but before he could do so, Cochran gave the song to Seely instead. This was the first single recorded by Seely after recently signing with Monument records in early 1966. \"Don't Touch Me\" was recorded", "title": "Don't Touch Me" }, { "id": "16712705", "text": "House We Built\" by Brooks & Dunn, and \"Creepin'\" by Eric Church. Marv Green Marv Green (born in California) is an American country music songwriter. He is known for co-writing Lonestar's 1999 single \"Amazed\", which reached number 1 on both the Hot Country Songs and \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts. This song won him a Song of the Year award from Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI). Other songs that Green co-wrote include \"True\" by George Strait, \"Wasted\" by Carrie Underwood, \"Consider Me Gone\" by Reba McEntire, \"Let's Make Love\" by Tim McGraw and Faith Hill, \"Wild in Your Smile\" by Dustin Lynch,", "title": "Marv Green" }, { "id": "11923725", "text": "Bob McDill Robert Lee \"Bob\" McDill (born April 4, 1944 in Walden (near Beaumont), Texas) is an American retired songwriter. Active from the 1960s until 2000, he has written songs for many country music artists, including 31 number one hits, as well as songs for Ray Charles, Joe Cocker, Anne Murray, Juice Newton, and other popular artists. In addition to four Grammy nominations, McDill has received Songwriter of the Year awards from Broadcast Music Incorporated, the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, and the Nashville Songwriters Association International. In October 2012, he was awarded ASCAP's Golden Note Award in", "title": "Bob McDill" }, { "id": "13490214", "text": "It lasted 20 weeks on the overall chart. The song is played in a D-flat major key, and 120 beats per minute. \"Don't Give Up\" is a rock-based song which encourages the longevity of marriage relationships. Lead singer Matt Hammit said: \"The song was inspired by close friends of ours that made difficult decisions to end their marriages. I'm not here to judge those decisions, but as a band we want to be a voice for lasting love and commitment in a world where breaking vows is as common as taking them.\" The song has been compared to U2's \"Beautiful", "title": "Don't Give Up (Sanctus Real song)" }, { "id": "1423250", "text": "2001, in New York City by Mary J. Blige, after eight previous nominations since 1986. In 2002, Burke signed with Fat Possum Records and released the album, \"Don't Give Up on Me\". The album became critically acclaimed and later resulted in Burke's first Grammy Award win. In 2004 Burke featured Italian singer Zucchero Fornaciari in \"Zu & Co.\" duets album. He also performed at the Royal Albert Hall for the beginning of the \"Zu & Co. Tour\", from which \"Zu & Co live at the Royal Albert Hall\" was recorded. Burke later signed with Shout! Factory to release the album", "title": "Solomon Burke" }, { "id": "1316987", "text": "contemplative love song, as a digital single in the iTunes Store; also accompanied with a video performance. McLachlan also admitted the song was inspired by the dissolution of her marriage, which she announced in September 2008, during initial promotion. \"Don't Give Up on Us\", the other new song on the album, was released as the second and final single on February 3, 2009. Both singles were subsequently included on her next album, \"Laws of Illusion\". A single, \"One Dream\", was released on September 29, 2009 and was the official theme song of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. McLachlan's first", "title": "Sarah McLachlan" }, { "id": "14785768", "text": "Not Giving Up on Love \"Not Giving Up on Love\" is a collaboration between Dutch DJ and record producer Armin van Buuren and English singer Sophie Ellis-Bextor. It was released on 20 August 2010 as the second single from van Buuren's fourth studio album, \"Mirage\", and the fourth single from Ellis-Bextor's fourth studio album, \"Make a Scene\". The song was written by Australian songwriters Olivia Nervo and Miriam Nervo and Sophie Ellis-Bextor. It premiered on BBC Radio 2's \"The Dermot O'Leary Show\" on 11 July 2010 when it was performed in an acoustic version by Sophie Ellis-Bextor. The extended version", "title": "Not Giving Up on Love" }, { "id": "1572119", "text": "a Canadian documentary by Michael Landsberg to talk about his battle with depression. On Wednesday, November 15, 2017, Strawberry appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon to talk about his new book that sheds light on addiction and recovery, Don't Give Up on Me. Darryl Strawberry Darryl Eugene Strawberry Sr. (born March 12, 1962) is an American former professional baseball right fielder and author. Strawberry is well known for his 17-year career in Major League Baseball (MLB). Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s, Strawberry was one of the most feared sluggers in the sport, known for his prodigious home", "title": "Darryl Strawberry" }, { "id": "16200778", "text": "a male pop/rock singer-songwriter since David Cook burst in at number 3 with \"The Time of My Life\" the week of June 7, 2008, after he was crowned \"American Idol\" champion. On Adult Pop Songs it began at number 36. On the week of October 18, 2012, the song became the \"Greatest Gainer\" on the Hot Adult Contemporary chart, reaching number 7. After the success, his manager Bill Silva commented: \"What surprised us is how the fans reacted. We didn't pre-promote the single, we didn't go to radio with it, and this song did 229,000 units its first week in", "title": "I Won't Give Up" }, { "id": "19207894", "text": "but touches of acoustic guitar and banjo suggest a country feel. This contrast mirrors the album’s theme\". My Wild West My Wild West is the third album by American singer-songwriter Lissie, released on February 12, 2016. It is released under her own label, Lionboy, together with Thirty Tigers. In anticipation of the album, a music video for the promotional single \"Hero\" was released on November 5, 2015. The album has three singles: the promotional single \"Hero\", the lead single \"Don't You Give Up On Me\", and \"Daughters\", a charity single for the association \"Charity Water\", that helps women working to", "title": "My Wild West" }, { "id": "17324621", "text": "Gave Up \"Gave Up\" is a song by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails. Written by frontman Trent Reznor and co-produced by Flood, the song serves as the sixth track of Nine Inch Nails' 1992 EP, \"Broken\". The song is noted for its multiple music videos and became a concert favorite during the band's live performances. The song is noted for its aggressive tone, fast tempo and heavier use of guitars, in contrast to Reznor's dance-oriented previous songs from the album \"Pretty Hate Machine\". The song also features prominent use of Mellotron MKIV, which was previously owned by The", "title": "Gave Up" }, { "id": "1692026", "text": "Bill Withers William Harrison Withers Jr. (born July 4, 1938) is an American singer-songwriter and musician who performed and recorded from 1970 until 1985. He recorded several major hits, including \"Lean on Me\", \"Ain't No Sunshine\", \"Use Me\", \"Just the Two of Us\", \"Lovely Day\", and \"Grandma's Hands\". Withers won three Grammy Awards and was nominated for four more. His life was the subject of the 2009 documentary film \"Still Bill\". He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015. Bill Withers was born in the small coal-mining town of Slab Fork, West Virginia. He was", "title": "Bill Withers" }, { "id": "16705804", "text": "shortened to simply \"Tired of Waiting\"), the Kinks song \"Love Me till the Sun Shines\" and Pete Best Combo song \"The Way I Feel About You\" On Fyre On Fyre is the first studio album by the American Garage Rock band Lyres, released in 1984 by the label Ace of Hearts, and reissued in 2002 by Matador Records. The album contains several quotes from songs of the 1960s; for example, \"Don't Give It Up Now\" contains an excerpt of the guitar riff from \"Lucifer Sam\" by Pink Floyd, and \"I'm Telling You Girl\" contains an excerpt of the guitar riff", "title": "On Fyre" }, { "id": "16861533", "text": "and final single, \"Where Is the Love\" is a cover of the 1972 Grammy Award-winning Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway single written by Ralph MacDonald and William Salter. It became the album's second top-twenty hit in the UK and Paris's second and last appearance on the Irish Singles Chart where it peaked at number twenty-one. In the US, \"Don't Give Me Up\" was released, reaching number eighty-seven on the US R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart in the week dated 9 December 1989. All tracks composed by Mike Leeson and Peter Vale; except where indicated ^Some releases feature the song \"Words Into Action\"", "title": "So Good (Mica Paris album)" }, { "id": "11855863", "text": "Buddy Cannon Buddy Cannon (born in Lexington, Tennessee, August 9, 1947) is an American country music songwriter and record producer. Active since the late 1970s, he is known primarily for his work as Kenny Chesney's record producer, for which he won the Academy of Country Music's Producer of the Year award in 2006. Along with Bill Anderson and Jamey Johnson, Cannon co-wrote George Strait's 2006 single \"Give It Away\", which won the Country Music Association's Song of the Year award. Other artists who have recorded Cannon's songs include Vern Gosdin, George Strait, Billy Ray Cyrus and Mel Tillis; artists whose", "title": "Buddy Cannon" }, { "id": "15251324", "text": "he received the Ivor Novello Award for Songwriter of the Year from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. His single from \"x\", \"Thinking Out Loud\", earned him two Grammy Awards at the 2016 ceremony: Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance. In May 2016, \"x\" was named the second-best-selling album worldwide of 2015. Sheeran's third album, \"÷\" (pronounced \"divide\"), was released in March 2017. The album debuted at number one in the UK, the US and other major markets. The first two singles from the album, \"Shape of You\" and \"Castle on the Hill\", were released", "title": "Ed Sheeran" }, { "id": "9389707", "text": "Don't Leave Me Lonely \"Don't Leave Me Lonely\" is a song by the Canadian musician Bryan Adams featured on his 1983 album \"Cuts Like a Knife\". Written by Adams, collaborator Jim Vallance and late Kiss drummer Eric Carr, the song's origin dates back to sometime in 1981 or 1982 when Adams was working with the band on material for their \"Killers\" album. Adams and Carr began working on the song, which Carr wrote the music and lyrics of the chorus before Adams relocated to Canada and finished the song with Vallance. Carr made a demo of the song for possible", "title": "Don't Leave Me Lonely" }, { "id": "17069303", "text": "Midnight Fire Midnight Fire is the second studio album by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was released in 1983 by RCA Records. The album produced five singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart including two top ten singles: \"Don't Your Memory Ever Sleep at Night\" at number 23, \"Midnight Fire\" at number 5, \"Lonely Women Make Good Lovers\" (a cover of a 1972 Bob Luman hit) at number 4, \"Why Goodbye\" at number 12, and \"Don't You Give Up on Love\" at number 49. The song \"Overnight Sensation\" is a duet with country superstar Barbara Mandrell, and", "title": "Midnight Fire" }, { "id": "16712704", "text": "Marv Green Marv Green (born in California) is an American country music songwriter. He is known for co-writing Lonestar's 1999 single \"Amazed\", which reached number 1 on both the Hot Country Songs and \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts. This song won him a Song of the Year award from Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI). Other songs that Green co-wrote include \"True\" by George Strait, \"Wasted\" by Carrie Underwood, \"Consider Me Gone\" by Reba McEntire, \"Let's Make Love\" by Tim McGraw and Faith Hill, \"Wild in Your Smile\" by Dustin Lynch, \"Farmer's Daughter\" by Rodney Atkins, \"Stronger Woman\" by Jewel, \"Proud of the", "title": "Marv Green" }, { "id": "20860511", "text": "Late Show with James Corden to promote that it was to be the lead single on his new album. Yung passed the audition for \"America's Got Talent\" and made it to the quarterfinals. He performed \"Thinking Out Loud\" by Ed Sheeran in the quarterfinals. Yung was eliminated in the semifinals where he performed \"Don't Give Up on Me\" by Solomon Burke. Yung released \"Alright\" as a single on January 12, 2018, along with a lyric video. On March 2, 2018, Yung announced a Kickstarter fundraiser for the album, where he has so far raised $90,000, enough for an EP. .", "title": "Mike Yung" }, { "id": "10844708", "text": "Lin-Manuel Miranda Lin-Manuel Miranda (; born January 16, 1980) is an American composer, lyricist, playwright, rapper, and actor best known for creating and starring in the Broadway musicals \"In the Heights\" and \"Hamilton\". He co-wrote the songs for Walt Disney Animation Studios' \"Moana\" soundtrack (2016) and co-starred in the film \"Mary Poppins Returns\". Miranda's awards include a Pulitzer Prize, three Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, three Tony Awards and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Miranda was awarded the Kennedy Center Honor in 2018. Miranda wrote the music and lyrics for the musical \"In the", "title": "Lin-Manuel Miranda" }, { "id": "10648019", "text": "Inside Out (Bryan Adams song) \"Inside Out\" is a song by Canadian singer Bryan Adams from his 1998 album \"On a Day Like Today\". It is also featured on his greatest hits album \"The Best of Me\". On some versions of this album, the song \"Don't Give Up\" with Chicane was added as a ghost track right after \"Inside Out\". It was released as a single in 2000. The single included live versions of \"Back to You\" and \"Rock Steady\", recorded in South Africa, taken from the special edition release of \"The Best Of Me\". There is a music video", "title": "Inside Out (Bryan Adams song)" }, { "id": "19710233", "text": "leader of the DJ set. So he would prepare the set, I would write all the music, and then at almost the right moment, his life took off in a different direction while I started making other stuff other than dance music.\" On February 13, 2018, a collaboration between Kill the Noise, Illenium and Mako, titled \"Don't Give Up on Me\", was released as single via Proximity. The song was initially leaked in the Reddit community by fans who revealed the link to the then-unreleased version of the song that was published on Mako's YouTube channel. Mako (DJ) Alex Seaver,", "title": "Mako (DJ)" }, { "id": "16276595", "text": "The album also features a duet with singer Sa-Fire on the song \"Don't Give Up on Love.\" In his allmusic review, Peter Fawthrop gave the album four stars (of a possible five). He called it a fresh, innocent album full of youthful longing and said that it was top fare for the teen pop crowd. Paintings in My Mind Paintings in My Mind is the second full-length studio release (third, if the \"Republic of Idols\" EP is counted) from pianist and singer-songwriter Tommy Page. Released in 1990, it features 10 tracks, all of which Page either wrote by himself or", "title": "Paintings in My Mind" }, { "id": "662416", "text": "remixed instrumental tracks from his previous studio album. In 1985, Gabriel recorded his fifth studio album \"So\". Released in 1986, Gabriel achieved his greatest popularity with songs from \"So\"; the album charted at No. 1 in the UK Albums Chart and No. 2 on the \"Billboard\" 200 in the U.S. It is certified triple platinum in the UK, and five times platinum in the U.S. The album produced three UK Top 20 hits, \"Sledgehammer\", \"Big Time\", and \"Don't Give Up\" – a duet with Kate Bush. The album also produced three Top 40 hits in the U.S., \"Sledgehammer\", \"In Your", "title": "Peter Gabriel" }, { "id": "4824354", "text": "had five members: Paul Moss himself on guitars, Malcolm Smith on keyboards, Glenn Peters on Bass, Dave Larsen on drums and Aishah as their lead vocalist. Aishah and The Fan Club were a big hit in 1990 when they released the album \"Sensation\" which had three #1 singles in New Zealand and Malaysian charts. The hits were \"Sensation\", \"Paradise\" and \"Call Me\". Their next album, titled \"Respect The Beat\", also produced three hit singles such as \"I Feel Love\", \"Never Gave Up On You\" and the only single to actually debut in the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts, \"Don't Let", "title": "Paul Moss" }, { "id": "2885508", "text": "from critics, who welcomed it as a return to form after 1994's underwhelming \"Give Out But Don't Give Up\". The \"NME\" called it \"a brilliant record\", and the album was also included in \"1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die\". All songs written by Bobby Gillespie, Andrew Innes, Robert Young, and Martin Duffy, unless noted. Adapted from the liner notes: Vanishing Point (Primal Scream album) Vanishing Point is the fifth studio album by Scottish rock band Primal Scream. It was released on 7 July 1997 in the United Kingdom by Creation Records and in the United States by Reprise", "title": "Vanishing Point (Primal Scream album)" }, { "id": "13490215", "text": "Day\" and Coldplay's \"Speed of Sound\", having similarities in style to the band's previous album, \"Fight the Tide\". Don't Give Up (Sanctus Real song) \"Don't Give Up\" is a song by Christian rock band Sanctus Real from their 2006 album \"The Face of Love\". The song was released as the third radio single in early 2007, and reached No. 1 on \"R&R\"'s Christian CHR chart in the beginning of May 2007. It is the band's fifth No. 1 hit, and the second chart-topping single from \"The Face of Love\". It ended 2007 as the 6th most played song of the", "title": "Don't Give Up (Sanctus Real song)" }, { "id": "13277112", "text": "Annual Independent Music Awards. Cannon was married to Lari White until her death on January 23, 2018, for whom he has also written singles. They have two daughters, M'Kenzy and Kyra, and a son, Jaxon. Chuck Cannon Marion Cletus \"Chuck\" Cannon, Jr. (born in Greenville, South Carolina) is an American country music songwriter. His compositions include hit singles for Toby Keith and John Michael Montgomery. Cannon has also received awards for Broadcast Music Incorporated, as well as an Academy of Country Music award for Song of the Year. He is the widower of the late singer Lari White. Cannon was", "title": "Chuck Cannon" }, { "id": "13737592", "text": "Ballestrini released another single \"Don't Give Up On Me\", along with a music video. She was in a relationship with country singer Shay Mooney from Dan and Shay from New Year's Eve 2011 to early March 2013. During their relationship, they would post cover and original songs on YouTube and reached over 150,000 views combined. The pair co-wrote songs for Ballestrini's sophomore album \"Flip Side\". The album was released on June 17, 2014. In 2014, Ballestrini changed her album title name from \"Gotta Make A Change\" to \"Flip Side\". Ballestrini still continued to work on this album with producer/engineer Brandon", "title": "Veronica Ballestrini" }, { "id": "10648386", "text": "Than That\", but Richard had also revealed by mistake that the latter was composed by Alan Tarney who had written most of Richard's biggest hits since 1979. Regardless, it was enough confirmation for Richard to choose \"The Best of Me\" with its fitting lyrics as a tribute to his audience. Coming third in the vote was \"I Just Don't Have the Heart\", ahead of \"Joanna\" and \"Lean on You\". The Best of Me (David Foster song) \"The Best of Me\" is a song originally by David Foster and the title-track of his debut solo album in 1983. The song was", "title": "The Best of Me (David Foster song)" }, { "id": "8394396", "text": "the film \"Lean on Me\" featured the single \"You Are the One\", which hit #91 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The album \"Louder Than Love\" was released in 1990, accompanied by its first single, \"I Won't Give Up on You\", a slick contemporary R&B groove that was quite a departure from their earlier material, stylistically. 1991 saw even more diversity of sound with the release of the singles \"Crash (Have Some Fun)\", a house music hit that featured a hip hop vocal by Michelle Visage of the group Seduction; \"Give Your Love to Me\" produced by Platinum producer Frankie Cutlass", "title": "TKA" }, { "id": "14859529", "text": "I Love You (Faith Evans song) \"I Love You\" is a song by American recording artist Faith Evans. It was written by Anthony Best, Isaac Hayes, Michael Jamison, Bobby Springsteen, and Jennifer Lopez for the latter's second studio \"J.Lo\" (2001), but eventually recorded by Evans for her third studio album, \"Faithfully\", also released in 2001. Production on the track was helmed by Buckwild along with Mario Winans and Sean \"P. Diddy\" Combs. A contemporary R&B ballad with heavy soul elements, it samples Hayes' 1976 record \"Make a Little Love to Me\" and finds Evans, as the protagonist, confessing her love", "title": "I Love You (Faith Evans song)" }, { "id": "8562394", "text": "Lonely (Shannon Noll song) \"Lonely\" was the fourth single from Shannon Noll's second album \"Lift\". Co-written by Noll, the single was released on 26 August 2006 With the release of the single, Noll created Australian ARIA chart history, becoming the first artist to have his first eight single releases reach the Top 10 since the charts induction in 1988 (a record which Noll broke himself following the release of his single with Natalie Bassingthwaighte, \"Don't Give Up\"). \"Lonely\" proved to be extremely popular on radio, where it followed the long list of Noll's singles to reach number one on the", "title": "Lonely (Shannon Noll song)" }, { "id": "564503", "text": "and US, and was Michael's first solo effort as a single. In 1985 Michael received the first of his three Ivor Novello Awards for Songwriter of the Year from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. Michael sang on the original Band Aid recording of \"Do They Know It's Christmas?\" (which became the UK Christmas number one) and donated the profits from \"Last Christmas\" and \"Everything She Wants\" to charity. Michael sang \"Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me\" with Elton John at Live Aid at Wembley Stadium in London on 13 July 1985. He also contributed background", "title": "George Michael" }, { "id": "3889979", "text": "his first minor hit, \"I'm a Lonely Man\", written by Little Milton, another guitar hero, who was then an A&R man for Bobbin Records and was responsible for King's signing with the label. It was not until his 1961 release \"Don't Throw Your Love on Me So Strong\" that King had a major hit, reaching #14 on the US \"Billboard\" R&B chart. The song was included on his first album \"The Big Blues\", released in 1962. However, the other singles that King cut for Bobbin failed to chart at all and he was dropped from the label in 1964. He", "title": "Albert King" }, { "id": "9929286", "text": "Ross Copperman Ross Copperman (born October 1, 1982) is a Grammy nominated American singer-songwriter and producer. After his experience as an artist in the UK, Ross discovered his talent for writing and producing country music. Ross has written several #1 songs including: Brett Eldredge's \"Beat of the Music\", \"Lose My Mind\" and \"Drunk on Your Love,\" Billy Currington's \"Don't It\", A Thousand Horses' \"Smoke\", Luke Bryan's \"Strip It Down\", Keith Urban's \"\" and \"Break on Me\", Justin Moore's \"Point at You,\" Jake Owen's \"American Country Love Song,\" Florida Georgia Line's \"Confession,\" LoCash's \"I Know Somebody\" and \"Setting the World on", "title": "Ross Copperman" }, { "id": "12662826", "text": "Don't Let Go (David Sneddon song) \"Don't Let Go\" is a pop song, written by musician, singer and songwriter David Sneddon and Scott MacAlister, and released as a single on 21 April 2003 where it reached No. 3 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 36 in Ireland. It was the second single and follow up to his debut number-one hit, \"Stop Living the Lie\". The song was included on his debut album, \"Seven Years - Ten Weeks\". The B-sides to this song – \"She Needs to Know\", \"The Longest Time\" and \"Smile Again\" – did not appear on the", "title": "Don't Let Go (David Sneddon song)" }, { "id": "16632055", "text": "and the Grammy nominated \"Graffiti\", and the Grammy nominated \"Fortune\". In the Summer of 2011, Marsh left Free School to perform/DJ under the name \"PUBLIC\", and continues to write and produce with various songwriters and artists. Marsh also co-wrote Chris Brown's smash hit \"Don't Wake Me Up' which won the ASCAP award for most performed songs of the year in 2012 alongside Alain Whyte, Allessandro Benassi, Brian \"BK\" Kennedy, Brown, Marco \"Benny\" Benassi, Michael McHenry, Priscilla \"Priscilla Renea\" Hamilton, Ryan Buendia and William Orbit, which went number one in three countries. Sponsorships include Moog Music and D16 Group. PUBLIC is", "title": "Nick Marsh" } ]	who wrote the song don't give up on me
[ "Alexander Norén" ]	[ { "id": "18830283", "text": "according to the first category in which he qualified, but other categories are shown in parentheses. Mark Calcavecchia, Darren Clarke (2), Ben Curtis, John Daly, David Duval, Ernie Els (2), Todd Hamilton, Pádraig Harrington (2), Zach Johnson (2,3,4,12,14), Paul Lawrie, Justin Leonard, Sandy Lyle, Rory McIlroy (2,4,5,6,10,12), Phil Mickelson (2,4,14), Mark O'Meara, Louis Oosthuizen (2,3,4,5,12,14) Jason Day (4,10,11,12,14), Sergio García (4), Marc Leishman (4,14), Jordan Niebrugge, Justin Rose (4,5,8,12), Adam Scott (4,9,14), Jordan Spieth (4,8,9,12,14), Danny Willett (4,5,9) An Byeong-hun (5,6), Kiradech Aphibarnrat (5), Rafael Cabrera-Bello, Paul Casey (12), Kevin Chappell, Matthew Fitzpatrick (5), Rickie Fowler (11,12,14), Jim Furyk (12),", "title": "2016 Open Championship" }, { "id": "18830280", "text": "2016 Open Championship The 2016 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 145th Open Championship, played from 14–17 July at Royal Troon Golf Club in Ayrshire, Scotland. It was the ninth Open Championship played at the Old Course of Troon, and the fifth since gaining royal status. Henrik Stenson shot a final round 63 for 264, a record 20-under par, three strokes ahead of runner-up Phil Mickelson, the 2013 champion. The leader after 54 holes, Stenson became the first Scandinavian man to win a major title. This was the final appearance for 1997 champion Justin Leonard. This", "title": "2016 Open Championship" }, { "id": "18830284", "text": "Branden Grace (5,14), Emiliano Grillo, Bill Haas (12,14), Charley Hoffman (12), J. B. Holmes (12,14), Billy Horschel, Thongchai Jaidee (5,14), Dustin Johnson (8,12,14), Kim Kyung-tae (19), Kevin Kisner (12), Søren Kjeldsen (5), Russell Knox, Matt Kuchar (12,14), Danny Lee (12,14), David Lingmerth, Shane Lowry (5), Hideki Matsuyama (12,14), Ryan Moore, Kevin Na (12), Patrick Reed (5,12,14), Charl Schwartzel (5,14), Brandt Snedeker (12), Henrik Stenson (5,12), Andy Sullivan (5), Justin Thomas, Jimmy Walker (12,14), Bubba Watson (9,12,14), Lee Westwood (OQS-Thailand), Bernd Wiesberger (5) Kristoffer Broberg, Victor Dubuisson, Ross Fisher, Tommy Fleetwood, David Howell, Miguel Ángel Jiménez, Martin Kaymer (8,11), Anirban Lahiri", "title": "2016 Open Championship" }, { "id": "18830296", "text": "Oosthuizen, Ryan Palmer, Scott Piercy, Patrick Reed (9), Kyle Reifers, Charl Schwartzel (10), Kevin Streelman, Brian Stuard (10), Daniel Summerhays, Vaughn Taylor (10), Justin Thomas (10), Jimmy Walker (9), Gary Woodland Jamie Donaldson, Victor Dubuisson, Lee Westwood Greg Chalmers, Peter Malnati, Jhonattan Vegas Zac Blair, Billy Horschel, Freddie Jacobson, Jason Kokrak, Steve Stricker, Cameron Tringale, Harold Varner III An Byeong-hun, Kiradech Aphibarnrat, Grégory Bourdy, Kristoffer Broberg, Rafael Cabrera-Bello, K. J. Choi, Darren Clarke, Nicolas Colsaerts, Luke Donald, Bradley Dredge, Ross Fisher, Matthew Fitzpatrick, Marcus Fraser, Tyrrell Hatton, Scott Hend, Yuta Ikeda, Thongchai Jaidee, Andrew Johnston, Matt Jones, Rikard Karlberg, Kim", "title": "2016 PGA Championship" }, { "id": "18830295", "text": "Sharp, Josh Speight, Joe Summerhays, Omar Uresti, Wyatt Worthington II Aaron Baddeley (10), Daniel Berger (10), Jason Bohn, Paul Casey, Roberto Castro, Kevin Chappell, Jon Curran, Harris English, Rickie Fowler (9,10), Jim Furyk (9), Sergio García (9,10), Fabián Gómez (10), Emiliano Grillo (10), Bill Haas, James Hahn (10), Jim Herman (10), Charley Hoffman (10), J. B. Holmes, Billy Hurley III (10), Smylie Kaufman (10), Kim Si-woo, Chris Kirk, Kevin Kisner (10), Patton Kizzire, Colt Knost, Russell Knox (10), Danny Lee, Jamie Lovemark, Shane Lowry, Hideki Matsuyama (10), Graeme McDowell (9,10), William McGirt (10), Bryce Molder, Ryan Moore, Kevin Na, Louis", "title": "2016 PGA Championship" }, { "id": "18830291", "text": "from the greenside rough for a birdie to maintain the advantage. With another birdie at the 18th, Stenson tied the major championship scoring record at 63 (−8). Runner-up Mickelson shot 267 to equal the previous Open record set by Greg Norman in 1993. Eleven strokes behind Mickelson in solo third was J. B. Holmes at 278 (−6). \"Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par\" 2016 Open Championship The 2016 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 145th Open Championship, played from 14–17 July at Royal Troon Golf Club in Ayrshire, Scotland. It was the ninth Open Championship played", "title": "2016 Open Championship" }, { "id": "18944493", "text": "2016 Aberdeen Asset Management Ladies Scottish Open, who have entered the Championship and who are not otherwise exempt. 16. The 2016 British Ladies Amateur champion, 2015 U.S. Women's Amateur champion, 2015 International European Ladies Amateur Championship champion, winner or next available player in the 2015 LGU Order of Merit, and the Mark H. McCormack Medal holder provided they are still amateurs at the time of the Championship and a maximum of two other leading amateurs at the discretion of the Ladies' Golf Union. 17. Any players granted special exemptions from qualifying by the Championship Committee. 18. Balance of the 90", "title": "2016 Women's British Open" }, { "id": "20108662", "text": "Cameron Menzies Cameron Menzies (born 27 June 1989) is a Scottish darts player who currently playing in Professional Darts Corporation events. Scotsman Menzies first played darts on the BDO circuit in 2006, playing in the Gibraltar Open. However, he did not emerge to prominence until 2016 where he won the British Open. He played in the 2016 World Masters but lost to Irish darts player John O'Shea in the last 80. In 2017 he became the first Scottish player to win the Scottish Open in 10 years when Gary Anderson won it. He qualified for the 2017 BDO World Trophy", "title": "Cameron Menzies" }, { "id": "18830285", "text": "(14,15), James Morrison, Thorbjørn Olesen, Thomas Pieters, Marc Warren, Chris Wood (6) Andrew Johnston, Rikard Karlberg, Lee Soo-min, Joost Luiten Webb Simpson Keegan Bradley, Jason Dufner Steven Bowditch (14), Harris English, Scott Piercy, Robert Streb Smylie Kaufman, William McGirt Chris Kirk Nathan Holman George Coetzee Satoshi Kodaira Yūsaku Miyazato Yuta Ikeda, Yosuke Tsukada Marco Dawson Scott Gregory (a) Stefano Mazzoli (a) The Open Qualifying Series (OQS) consists of 10 events from the six major tours. Places are available to the leading players (not otherwise exempt) who finish in the top \"n\" and ties. In the event of ties, positions go", "title": "2016 Open Championship" }, { "id": "18830294", "text": "(4,8,9), Vijay Singh, David Toms, Yang Yong-eun Dustin Johnson (6,8,10), Justin Rose (6,8,9), Webb Simpson (8,9), Jordan Spieth (3,6,8,9,10) Adam Scott (8,10), Bubba Watson (8,9,10), Danny Willett (8) Ernie Els, Zach Johnson (8,9), Henrik Stenson (8,9) Rocco Mediate George Coetzee, Tony Finau (8,10), Branden Grace (8,10), Russell Henley, Brooks Koepka (8), Matt Kuchar (8,9), Anirban Lahiri, David Lingmerth (8), Brandt Snedeker (8,10), Brendan Steele (8), Robert Streb (8) Rich Berberian, Jr., Michael Block, Mark Brown, Matt Dobyns, Brian Gaffney, Ryan Helminen, Johan Kok, Rob Labritz, Brad Lardon, Mitch Lowe, David Muttitt, Brad Ott, Rod Perry, Ben Polland, Rick Schuller, Tommy", "title": "2016 PGA Championship" }, { "id": "18713492", "text": "Russell Knox (17,18), Danny Lee (16,17,18), David Lingmerth (18), Davis Love III, Shane Lowry (17,18), Graeme McDowell, Troy Merritt, Brandt Snedeker (16,17,18), Vaughn Taylor, Justin Thomas (17,18) Daniel Berger, Harris English, J. B. Holmes (17,18), Brooks Koepka (17,18), Matt Kuchar (17,18), Scott Piercy (17,18), Patrick Reed (17,18), Henrik Stenson (17,18), Robert Streb (17), Jimmy Walker (17,18) An Byeong-hun (18), Kiradech Aphibarnrat (18), Jamie Donaldson, Victor Dubuisson (18), Matthew Fitzpatrick (18), Sergio García (18), Billy Horschel (18), Thongchai Jaidee (18), Søren Kjeldsen (18), Anirban Lahiri (18), Andy Sullivan (18), Lee Westwood, Bernd Wiesberger (18), Danny Willett (18), Chris Wood (18) Rafael", "title": "2016 Masters Tournament" }, { "id": "20108664", "text": "playing darts Menzies works full-time as a plumber. Cameron Menzies Cameron Menzies (born 27 June 1989) is a Scottish darts player who currently playing in Professional Darts Corporation events. Scotsman Menzies first played darts on the BDO circuit in 2006, playing in the Gibraltar Open. However, he did not emerge to prominence until 2016 where he won the British Open. He played in the 2016 World Masters but lost to Irish darts player John O'Shea in the last 80. In 2017 he became the first Scottish player to win the Scottish Open in 10 years when Gary Anderson won it.", "title": "Cameron Menzies" }, { "id": "18847142", "text": "Jennifer Johnson, Moriya Jutanugarn, Danielle Kang, Haeji Kang, Kim Kaufman, Sarah Kemp, Megan Khang, In-Kyung Kim, SooBin Kim, Katherine Kirk, P.K. Kongkraphan, Stephanie Kono, Candie Kung, Min Seo Kwak, Maude-Aimee Leblanc, Ilhee Lee, Min Lee, Amelia Lewis, Xi Yu Lin, Pernilla Lindberg, Alejandra Llaneza, Gaby López, Lee Lopez, Briana Mao, Sydnee Michaels, Ai Miyazato, Mika Miyazato, Giulia Molinaro, Becky Morgan, Belen Mozo, Benyapa Niphatsophon, Su-Hyun Oh, Oh Ji-young, Ryann O'Toole, Annie Park, Park Hee-young, Jane Park, Sadena Parks, Pornanong Phatlum, Beatriz Recari, Paula Reto, Samantha Richdale, Marion Ricordeau, Rachel Rohanna, Giulia Sergas, Alena Sharp, Kelly Shon, Ashleigh Simon, Sarah Jane", "title": "2016 KPMG Women's PGA Championship" }, { "id": "19334123", "text": "the Winmau World Masters. He also qualified for the Zuiderduin Masters. A 5–2 victory and a 5–4 defeat to Scott Mitchell were enough to come through the group stage. Then he beat Darryl Fitton 3–0 in the quarters to reach the semis, where he lost 3–1 to Martin Adams. Noppert started off 2016 very well by reaching the final of the Dutch Open, in which he lost to Martin Adams 3–1. Two weeks later, Noppert won the Scottish Open, having beaten Dean Reynolds 6–0 in the final. Noppert won also the Masters of Waregem, where he defeated Geert De Vos", "title": "Danny Noppert" }, { "id": "19161403", "text": "2016 Australian Open – Men's Singles Novak Djokovic was the defending champion and successfully defended his title, defeating Andy Murray, 6–1, 7–5, 7–6 in a rematch of the previous year's final, and the fourth Australian Open final between the pair. Djokovic also equaled Roy Emerson's all-time men's record of six Australian Open singles titles. Murray also became the second man in the Open Era (after Ivan Lendl) to lose five Grand Slam finals at one event, and is the only one to have the distinction without having won the title. Australian Lleyton Hewitt, a 2005 finalist, two-time Grand Slam champion", "title": "2016 Australian Open – Men's Singles" }, { "id": "7395888", "text": "winning again, mostly finishing within the top 100 on the Order of Merit until 2004, when he lost his tour card. Eales was the assistant professional to Eddie Birchenough at Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club, where he first became an assistant in 1987. Eales is now playing on the European Senior Tour. He won the Scottish Senior Open in August 2016 and the Jamaican Open in January 2017. He is a Non-Executive Board member of the European Tour. He regularly works as a broadcaster and golf analyst for various media companies including European Tour Productions, R&A Open Golf", "title": "Paul Eales" }, { "id": "19027762", "text": "(−19) to stretch her lead to four strokes over Park Sung-hyun. \"Sunday, 18 September 2016\" Chun In-gee completed her wire-to-wire victory with 69 for 263, four strokes over Park Sung-hyun and Ryu So-yeon. Her 21-under-par total was a record for both women and men. For men's majors, the record is 20 under par, held by Jason Day at the 2015 PGA Championship and Henrik Stenson at the 2016 Open Championship. The previous women's record of 19-under-par was shared by five: Dottie Pepper (1999 Nabisco Dinah Shore), Karen Stupples (2004 Women's British Open), Cristie Kerr (2010 LPGA Championship), Yani Tseng (2011", "title": "2016 Evian Championship" }, { "id": "12223505", "text": "for the second time in his career. He won by four strokes from Søren Kjeldsen, having held a two-stroke lead after 54 holes. In the second half of 2016 Norén would hit outstanding form, winning four in eleven starts on the European Tour. In July he won the Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open, the event before The Open Championship, for his fifth European Tour victory. He won by a single stroke from the Englishman Tyrrell Hatton. This win continued his trend of holding the 54-hole lead in every event that he had won on tour. It also represented the first", "title": "Alex Norén" }, { "id": "21013299", "text": "World Champion Stephen Hendry. Ding Junhui was the defending champion but he decided not to compete this year. Marco Fu captured his third ranking title by beating John Higgins 9–4, having trailed 1–4. The breakdown of prize money for this year is shown below: The \"rolling 147 prize\" for a maximum break stands at £5,000. 2016 Scottish Open (snooker) The 2016 Coral Scottish Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament that began on 12 December and ended on 18 December 2016 at the Commonwealth Arena in Glasgow, Scotland. It was the eleventh ranking event of the 2016/2017 season. The Scottish", "title": "2016 Scottish Open (snooker)" }, { "id": "19631660", "text": "Adam Hadwin, Billy Horschel, Kim Si-woo (11,12), Kevin Kisner (12), Russell Knox (12), Brooks Koepka (8,17), Matt Kuchar (12,17), Marc Leishman, Hideki Matsuyama (12,21), William McGirt (12), Francesco Molinari (5), Ryan Moore (12,17), Alex Norén (5,6), Pat Perez, Thomas Pieters (5,17), Jon Rahm, Patrick Reed (12,17), Justin Rose (8,14,17), Charl Schwartzel (5,12), Adam Scott (9,12), Jordan Spieth (8,9,12,17), Hideto Tanihara (22), Justin Thomas (12), Jimmy Walker (10,12,17), Bubba Watson (9,12), Bernd Wiesberger (5), Danny Willett (5,9,17), Gary Woodland (12) Richard Bland, Scott Hend (18), David Horsey, Thongchai Jaidee, Martin Kaymer (8,17), Li Haotong, Shane Lowry, Joost Luiten, Thorbjørn Olesen, Andy", "title": "2017 Open Championship" }, { "id": "19296109", "text": "since the start of the Open Era (after Rod Laver, Andre Agassi, Roger Federer, and Rafael Nadal). Djokovic also achieved a non-calendar year Grand Slam, becoming the first man since Rod Laver in 1969 to hold all four major titles at once. The victory by Garbiñe Muguruza was her first Grand Slam win in her second Grand Slam final. The 2016 French Open was the 115th edition of the French Open and was held at Stade Roland Garros in Paris. The tournament was run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and was part of the 2016 ATP World Tour and", "title": "2016 French Open" }, { "id": "19056364", "text": "Piercy (2), Adam Scott (2,4,7,9,13), Brandt Snedeker (2,9,13), Jordan Spieth (2,4,6,9,13), Brian Stuard, Vaughn Taylor, Justin Thomas (2,9,13), Bubba Watson (2,4,7,9,13), Danny Willett (4,9) Daniel Berger (9), Zac Blair, Jonas Blixt, Jason Bohn, Keegan Bradley (4), Scott Brown, Chad Campbell, Paul Casey (9), Alex Čejka, Kevin Chappell, Chad Collins, Erik Compton, Jon Curran, Brendon de Jonge, Graham DeLaet, Luke Donald, Ken Duke, Harris English, Matt Every (8), Jim Furyk (9), Sergio García (9), Andres Gonzales, Retief Goosen, Jason Gore, Bill Haas (9), Chesson Hadley, Adam Hadwin, Brian Harman, Pádraig Harrington, David Hearn, Russell Henley, Morgan Hoffmann, J. B. Holmes (9),", "title": "2016 Players Championship" }, { "id": "19056365", "text": "Billy Horschel (6,9), Charles Howell III, John Huh, Dustin Johnson (7,9), Matt Jones, Jerry Kelly, Colt Knost, Brooks Koepka (9), Jason Kokrak, Matt Kuchar (5,9), Martin Laird, Marc Leishman (9), Spencer Levin, Hunter Mahan, Ben Martin, William McGirt, George McNeill, Phil Mickelson (4,9), Bryce Molder, Francesco Molinari, Ryan Moore (9), Kevin Na (9,13), Sean O'Hair, Louis Oosthuizen (9), Carlos Ortiz, Jeff Overton, Greg Owen, Ryan Palmer, Carl Pettersson, Scott Pinckney, Ian Poulter, Patrick Reed (7,9,13), Kyle Reifers, Justin Rose (4,9), John Senden, Vijay Singh, Brendan Steele, Shawn Stefani, Henrik Stenson (6,9), Robert Streb, Kevin Streelman, Chris Stroud, Daniel Summerhays, Hudson", "title": "2016 Players Championship" }, { "id": "3746677", "text": "the first male British player since Bunny Austin in 1937, to reach a French Open final. He was unable to win his maiden French Open final, losing to Djokovic in four sets. In June 2016, Ivan Lendl agreed to return to his former role as Murray's coach. Murray started his grass season at the 2016 Aegon Championships as the 1st seed and the defending champion. Murray defeated Nicolas Mahut in straight sets despite facing a set point in the first set and three set points in the second set. He then defeated his countryman Aljaž Bedene in straight sets. He", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "19161404", "text": "and former world No. 1, played his last professional singles matches. He lost to David Ferrer in the second round. 2016 Australian Open – Men's Singles Novak Djokovic was the defending champion and successfully defended his title, defeating Andy Murray, 6–1, 7–5, 7–6 in a rematch of the previous year's final, and the fourth Australian Open final between the pair. Djokovic also equaled Roy Emerson's all-time men's record of six Australian Open singles titles. Murray also became the second man in the Open Era (after Ivan Lendl) to lose five Grand Slam finals at one event, and is the only", "title": "2016 Australian Open – Men's Singles" }, { "id": "19161716", "text": "2016 Australian Open The 2016 Australian Open was a tennis tournament that took place at Melbourne Park between 18–31 January 2016. It was the 104th edition of the Australian Open, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. The tournament consisted of events for professional players in singles, doubles and mixed doubles play. Junior and wheelchair players competed in singles and doubles tournaments. Novak Djokovic successfully defended the men's singles title and thus won a record-equaling sixth Australian Open title. Serena Williams was the defending champion in the women's singles but failed to defend her title, losing to Angelique", "title": "2016 Australian Open" }, { "id": "13819070", "text": "earned him an automatic selection for the 2016 Ryder Cup. Cabrera-Bello recorded an albatross in the fourth round of the 2017 Players Championship. In July 2017, Cabrero-Bello had his first European Tour win since 2012, winning the Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open after defeating Callum Shinkwin in a play-off on the 18th hole at Dundonald Links, Irvine, after both players had finished on 13 under par. European Tour playoff record (1–1) CUT = missed the half way cut<br> \"T\" indicates a tie for a place. \"Results not in chronological order prior to 2015.\" QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in", "title": "Rafa Cabrera-Bello" }, { "id": "19891771", "text": "Diaz, Thidapa Suwannapura, Prima Thammaraks 16. The leading three LET members in the 2017 Aberdeen Asset Management Ladies Scottish Open, who have entered the Championship and who are not otherwise exempt. Lina Boqvist, Olafia Kristinsdottir, Becky Morgan 17. The 2017 British Ladies Amateur champion, 2016 U.S. Women's Amateur champion, 2016 European Ladies Amateur Championship champion, winner or next available player in the 2016 LGU Order of Merit, and the Mark H. McCormack Medal holder provided they are still amateurs at the time of the Championship and a maximum of two other leading amateurs at the discretion of the Ladies' Golf", "title": "2017 Women's British Open" }, { "id": "18924188", "text": "Chella Choi (12,15,16), Carlota Ciganda (15,16), Austin Ernst, Sandra Gal, Julieta Granada, Jaye Marie Green, Wei Ling Hsu, Charley Hull (15,16), M. J. Hur, Karine Icher, Jang Ha-na (11,12,15,16), Ariya Jutanugarn (12,15,16), Moriya Jutanugarn, Danielle Kang, Kim Kaufman, Christina Kim, In-Kyung Kim, Kim Sei-young (11,15,16), Jessica Korda (12,15,16), Candie Kung (15,16), Brittany Lang (15,16), Alison Lee (15,16), Ilhee Lee (15), Lee Mi-hyang (15), Min Lee, Minjee Lee (11,12,15,16), Mirim Lee (15,16), Caroline Masson, Catriona Matthew, Maria McBride, Sydnee Michaels, Mika Miyazato (15,16), Azahara Muñoz (15,16), Haru Nomura (11,12,15,16), Anna Nordqvist (15,16), Ryann O'Toole, Lee-Anne Pace (15,16), Park Hee-young (16), Pornanong", "title": "2016 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship" }, { "id": "18830270", "text": "the U.S. Open. Each player is classified according to the first category in which he qualified, and other categories are shown in parentheses. Ángel Cabrera, Lucas Glover, Martin Kaymer (8,13,14), Graeme McDowell, Rory McIlroy (6,7,11,12,13,14), Geoff Ogilvy, Justin Rose (12,13,14), Webb Simpson, Jordan Spieth (5,11,12,13,14) Derek Bard (a) Jon Rahm (a) Adam Scott (11,13,14), Bubba Watson (12,13.14), Danny Willett (13,14) Ernie Els, Zach Johnson (12,13,14), Phil Mickelson (13,14) Keegan Bradley, Jason Day (8,11,12,13,14), Jason Dufner (14) Rickie Fowler (12,13,14) Chris Wood (13,14) Jeff Maggert Branden Grace (13,14), Dustin Johnson (12,13,14), Shane Lowry (13,14), Louis Oosthuizen (12,13,14), Charl Schwartzel (13,14), Cameron", "title": "2016 U.S. Open (golf)" }, { "id": "4237068", "text": "game before finally signing a contract, which was held up due to financial constraints, that lasted until January 2014. Kyle has represented Scotland at under-21, and at full international level making ten appearances scoring once, against a Hong Kong League XI during the HKSAR Reunification Cup in May 2002. His last call up was for a friendly against the Faroe Islands in November 2010. Kevin entered the BDO Scottish Open darts tournament in 2016, reaching the last 256. He beat Lakeside semi-finalist Richard Veenstra, who was ninth seed in the tournament, on the way. Kevin Kyle Kevin Alistair Kyle (born", "title": "Kevin Kyle" }, { "id": "18713491", "text": "Woosnam Martin Kaymer (5,17,18), Rory McIlroy (3,4,11,15,16,17,18), Justin Rose (11,14,15,16,17,18), Webb Simpson Darren Clarke, Ernie Els Keegan Bradley, Jason Day (13,14,15,16,17,18), Jason Dufner (15) Rickie Fowler (11,15,16,17,18) Derek Bard (a), Bryson DeChambeau (a) Romain Langasque (a) Jin Cheng (a) Paul Chaplet (a) Sammy Schmitz (a) Paul Casey (16,17,18), Bill Haas (16,17,18), Charley Hoffman (16), Dustin Johnson (12,16,17,18), Hunter Mahan, Hideki Matsuyama (15,16,17,18), Ryan Moore (18), Kevin Na (16,17,18), Ian Poulter, Kevin Streelman Branden Grace (14,17,18), Louis Oosthuizen (13,16,17,18), Cameron Smith Marc Leishman (17,18) Steven Bowditch (16), Fabián Gómez, Emiliano Grillo (17,18), Jim Herman, Smylie Kaufman, Chris Kirk, Kevin Kisner (16,17,18),", "title": "2016 Masters Tournament" }, { "id": "21013298", "text": "2016 Scottish Open (snooker) The 2016 Coral Scottish Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament that began on 12 December and ended on 18 December 2016 at the Commonwealth Arena in Glasgow, Scotland. It was the eleventh ranking event of the 2016/2017 season. The Scottish Open returned as a full-ranking event, being held as part of a new Home Nations Series introduced in the 2016/2017 season with the existing Welsh Open and new English Open and Northern Ireland Open tournaments. The winner of the Scottish Open is awarded the Stephen Hendry Trophy which is named in honour of Scottish seven-time", "title": "2016 Scottish Open (snooker)" }, { "id": "19249190", "text": "a leg injury saw Murray reach the final. There he defeated Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, for his third title in succession. The result saw Murray win seven titles in a single season for the first time in his career, and move to sole possession of 15th place on the all-time list of singles titles in the Open Era, breaking a tie with former world No. 1 Stefan Edberg. The win also took Murray over $10,000,000 prize money in a single season for the first time in his career. With Djokovic's loss in the quarter-finals, Murray could become World No. 1 for the", "title": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season" }, { "id": "18924189", "text": "Phatlum (15,16), Gerina Piller (11,15,16), Beatriz Recari, Lizette Salas (15), Alena Sharp, Jenny Shin (11,12,15,16), Kelly Shon, Jennifer Song, Angela Stanford, Kris Tamulis (12), Mariajo Uribe, Karrie Webb (15), Sakura Yokomine Ssu-Chia Cheng, Xi Yu Lin Su-Hyun Oh, Ayaka Watanabe Se Ri Pak Additional players qualified through sectional qualifying tournaments taking place in May and June at sites in the United States, China, South Korea, England, and Japan. May 9 at The Home Course, DuPont, Washington<br> May 16 at Cheonan, South Korea May 16 at Bradenton Country Club, Bradenton, Florida May 16 at Butler Country Club, Butler, Pennsylvania May 16", "title": "2016 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship" }, { "id": "19161722", "text": "$A375,000 she earned for reaching the quarter-finals. Below is a series of tables for each of the competitions showing the ranking points on offer for each event. The Australian Open total prize money for 2016 was increased by four million Australian dollar<nowiki>s</nowiki> to tournament record A$44,000,000. Qualifiers prize money was also the Round of 128 prize money.<br> <nowiki>*</nowiki>per team 2016 Australian Open – Men's Singles Djokovic and Murray had faced one another 30 times prior to the final, with Djokovic victorious on 21 occasions. Murray had lost four Australian Open finals, three times to Djokovic, while the Serb had won", "title": "2016 Australian Open" }, { "id": "18830293", "text": "The John Deere Classic was moved back two weeks from its mid-July spot before the Open Championship and is taking its place on the schedule for those not qualified for the Olympics. Lower Course Lengths of the course for previous major championships: The following qualification criteria were used to select the field. Each player is listed according to the first category by which he qualified with additional categories in which he qualified shown in parentheses. Rich Beem, Keegan Bradley (9), John Daly, Jason Day (6,8,10), Jason Dufner (8,10), Pádraig Harrington, Martin Kaymer (2,6,9), Rory McIlroy (4,8,9), Shaun Micheel, Phil Mickelson", "title": "2016 PGA Championship" }, { "id": "3746671", "text": "his first competitive tournament of 2016 at the Australian Open where he was aiming to win his first title there after four runner-up finishes. He went on to reach his fifth Australian Open final with victories over Alexander Zverev, Sam Groth, João Sousa, Bernard Tomic, David Ferrer and Milos Raonic, dropping four sets along the way. However, in a rematch of the previous year final, he was unable to win his first title as he lost in the final to an in-form Novak Djokovic (who won a record-equalling sixth title) in straight sets. He became the second man in the", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "19249170", "text": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season Andy Murray's 2016 tennis season began at the Australian Open. The 2016 season was Murray's greatest season, as he finished the season as the year-end world No. 1 player and clinched the year-end prize money title. Andy and Jamie Murray, also became the first brothers to finish as year-end No. 1 ranked players in singles and doubles team, respectively. He won an ATP-best and career-high nine Tour titles from 13 finals (from 17 tournaments), including his second Wimbledon crown and second successive Olympic gold medal in singles, thus becoming the first person, man or woman,", "title": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season" }, { "id": "19056366", "text": "Swafford, Nick Taylor, Brendon Todd, Cameron Tringale, Camilo Villegas, Johnson Wagner, Jimmy Walker (9), Boo Weekley, Steve Wheatcroft, Will Wilcox, Mark Wilson, Gary Woodland Fredrik Jacobson Ernie Els, Martin Kaymer (5) K. J. Choi An Byeong-hun, Kiradech Aphibarnrat, Rafael Cabrera-Bello, Matthew Fitzpatrick, Søren Kjeldsen, Andy Sullivan, Bernd Wiesberger Bernhard Langer Patton Kizzire Chez Reavie Ricky Barnes, Kim Si-woo, Jamie Lovemark, Patrick Rodgers, Harold Varner III, Jhonattan Vegas \"Thursday, May 12, 2016\" \"Friday, May 13, 2016\"<br> \"Saturday, May 14, 2016\" A two-hour weather delay on Friday afternoon caused several players to suspend their rounds due to darkness. Among these was Day,", "title": "2016 Players Championship" }, { "id": "7029538", "text": "Henrik Stenson Henrik Olof Stenson (; born 5 April 1976) is a Swedish professional golfer who plays both on the PGA and European Tours. He is the first male Swedish and first male Nordic major champion, having won the 2016 Open Championship at Royal Troon with a major championship record score of 264. A two-time European Tour Golfer of the Year (2013 and 2016), he has spent over 300 weeks ranked in the World top ten and his career high ranking of second is the best by any male Swedish golfer. At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro,", "title": "Henrik Stenson" }, { "id": "18847139", "text": "(4,8), Yoo Sun-young \"Jiyai Shin (6) did not play.\" 4. Professionals who have won an official LPGA tournament in the previous two calendar years and during the current year Baek Kyu-jung, Chella Choi, Paula Creamer (8), Austin Ernst, Brooke Henderson (5,6), M. J. Hur, Jang Ha-na (6), Ariya Jutanugarn (6), Christina Kim, Kim Sei-young (5,6), Jessica Korda (6), Lee Mi-hyang, Minjee Lee (6), Mirim Lee, Haru Nomura (6), Lee-Anne Pace, Lizette Salas (8), Jenny Shin (6), Kris Tamulis, Amy Yang (6) \"Ahn Sun-ju did not play.\" 5. Professionals who finished top-10 and ties at the previous year's Women's PGA Championship", "title": "2016 KPMG Women's PGA Championship" }, { "id": "19143418", "text": "Shane Lowry (5), Hideki Matsuyama (4), Rory McIlroy (4,5), Francesco Molinari (5), Ryan Moore (4), Kevin Na (4), Alexander Norén (5), Louis Oosthuizen (5), Scott Piercy, Thomas Pieters (5), Patrick Reed (4), Charl Schwartzel (4,5,9), Justin Thomas (4), Bubba Watson (4), Lee Westwood (5), Chris Wood (5), Gary Woodland (4) Roberto Castro, Kim Si-woo, Jason Kokrak, Sean O'Hair, Jhonattan Vegas Richard Bland, Grégory Bourdy, Bradley Dredge, Ross Fisher, Scott Hend (6), Andrew Johnston, Rikard Karlberg, Alexander Lévy, Joost Luiten, Bernd Wiesberger Chan Shih-chang, Marcus Fraser, Miguel Tabuena, Wang Jeung-hun Kim Kyung-tae, Hideto Tanihara Nathan Holman, Jordan Zunic Jacques Blaauw, George", "title": "2016 WGC-HSBC Champions" }, { "id": "18830297", "text": "Kyung-tae, Søren Kjeldsen, Lee Soo-min, Marc Leishman, Joost Luiten, Troy Merritt, Francesco Molinari, James Morrison, Alexander Norén, Thorbjørn Olesen, Thomas Pieters, John Senden, Song Young-han, Brandon Stone, Andy Sullivan, Hideto Tanihara, Wang Jeung-hun, Bernd Wiesberger, Chris Wood \"Thursday, July 28, 2016\" Jimmy Walker led after the first round with a five-under-par 65, one clear of Ross Fisher, Martin Kaymer and Emiliano Grillo. Two-time PGA winner Rory McIlroy was nine shots off the lead after a four-over-par 74 and 2016 U.S. Open champion Dustin Johnson was further behind at seven-over-par 77. \"Friday, July 29, 2016\" Robert Streb shot a major record-tying", "title": "2016 PGA Championship" }, { "id": "15771692", "text": "Russell Knox Russell Knox (born 21 June 1985) is a Scottish professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He had considerable success from 2014 to 2016 during which time he won the 2015 WGC-HSBC Champions and the 2016 Travelers Championship. Together with three runner-up finishes and three third-places on the PGA Tour, he was a runner-up in the 2016 Dubai Duty Free Irish Open and reached a career-high 18 in the world rankings at the end of 2016. Knox joined the European Tour at the start of 2016 but just failed to gain an automatic place on the 2016", "title": "Russell Knox" }, { "id": "19161717", "text": "Kerber in the final; by winning, Kerber became the first German player of any gender to win a Grand Slam title since Steffi Graf won her last such title at the 1999 French Open. As in previous years, this year's tournament's title sponsor was Kia. This edition set a new attendance record for the tournament of 720,363. The 2016 Australian Open was the 104th edition of the tournament and was held at Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The tournament was run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and was part of the 2016 ATP World Tour and the 2016", "title": "2016 Australian Open" }, { "id": "3163178", "text": "Scottish Open (snooker) The Scottish Open is a ranking professional snooker tournament held in Scotland. The tournament had many name changes in its history, as the tournament was formerly called International Open, Matchroom Trophy and Players Championship. Apart from a hiatus in the 1990/1991 and 1991/1992 seasons, the tournament remained a ranking event until 2003/2004. In the 2012/2013 season the tournament was added back to the calendar as part of the Players Tour Championship minor-ranking series. The most recent champion is Mark Allen. On 29 April 2015, Barry Hearn announced it would return to the main tour in 2016 at", "title": "Scottish Open (snooker)" }, { "id": "3746727", "text": "together to make the best of it.\" Andy Murray Sir Andrew Barron Murray (born 15 May 1987) is a British professional tennis player from Scotland currently ranked No. 257 in men's singles as of 17 December 2018. Murray represents Great Britain in his sporting activities and is a three-time Grand Slam tournament winner, two-time Olympic champion, Davis Cup champion, winner of the 2016 ATP World Tour Finals and former world No. 1. Murray defeated Novak Djokovic in the 2012 US Open final, becoming the first British player since 1977, and the first British man since 1936, to win a Grand", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "19249195", "text": "finish the season with his 24th consecutive match win. 2016 Andy Murray tennis season Andy Murray's 2016 tennis season began at the Australian Open. The 2016 season was Murray's greatest season, as he finished the season as the year-end world No. 1 player and clinched the year-end prize money title. Andy and Jamie Murray, also became the first brothers to finish as year-end No. 1 ranked players in singles and doubles team, respectively. He won an ATP-best and career-high nine Tour titles from 13 finals (from 17 tournaments), including his second Wimbledon crown and second successive Olympic gold medal in", "title": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season" }, { "id": "18830288", "text": "16-foot putt at the 18th to become the first player to score 62 at a major championship, but the putt lipped out of the hole. \"Friday, 15 July 2016\" Phil Mickelson maintained his lead at the halfway point at 132 (−10), a stroke ahead of Henrik Stenson, whose 65 moved him into solo second place. The cut was at 146 (+4), allowing previous major champions Jordan Spieth, Danny Willett, and Bubba Watson to continue onto the third day. Billy Horschel started in joint fourth place, but had a dismal 85 to miss the cut by six strokes. Amateurs: Gregory (+9),", "title": "2016 Open Championship" }, { "id": "18952128", "text": "distributed ranking points. During this season Novak Djokovic won his sixth Australian Open title and his first French Open title, thus completing a Career Grand Slam and Non-calendar year Grand Slam. Murray won his second Wimbledon title (his third overall major), and defended his Olympics gold medal. After winning the last two Masters 1000 tournaments of the year in Shanghai and Paris, he defeated Djokovic in the finals of the ATP World Tour Finals to overtake Djokovic for the No. 1 ranking for the year. Stan Wawrinka won his third major at the US Open. This is the complete schedule", "title": "2016 ATP World Tour" }, { "id": "19546583", "text": "unfriendly weather and play was cancelled (for the first time in sixteen years). Only two uncompleted matches were finished due to the rain. After losing 10 games in a row with a 6–2, 3–0 lead, and eventually losing the match, to 102nd-ranked Tsvetana Pironkova, world number two Agnieszka Radwanska described herself \"surprised and angry\" having to play in the rain. Defending champion Stan Wawrinka lost to Andy Murray in the semi-final, thus ended his 12-match winning streak in Roland Garros. Murray became the 10th male player to reach all four major finals in open era. Martina Hingis and Leander Paes", "title": "2016 French Open – Day-by-day summaries" }, { "id": "18924187", "text": "13 who qualified in other categories are denoted with the tour by which they qualified. Choi Na-yeon (10,15,16), Chun In-gee (9,11,13-KLPGA,15,16), Paula Creamer (10,15), Ji Eun-hee (10,15,16), Cristie Kerr (10,12,15,16), Ryu So-yeon (9,10,15,16), Michelle Wie (10) Hannah O'Sullivan (a), Sierra Brooks (a) Julia Engström (a) Leona Maguire (a) Shanshan Feng (13-LET,14,15,16), Brooke Henderson (9,11,12,15,16) Stacy Lewis (9,10,15,16), Mo Martin (16), Yani Tseng Lydia Ko (8,10,11,12,15,16), Brittany Lincicome (15,16), Lexi Thompson (11,12,15,16), Yoo Sun-young (10) Kim Hyo-joo (12, 13-KLPGA,15,16), Suzann Pettersen (10,15,16) Pernilla Lindberg (10), Shiho Oyama (15,16), Jane Park (10), Morgan Pressel (10,15,16) Amy Yang (10,15,16) Marina Alex, Baek Kyu-jung,", "title": "2016 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship" }, { "id": "18944489", "text": "Mirim Lee and\| Mo Martin, the 2014 champion. Golf Channel and NBC televised the event in the United States for the first time, while BBC Sport handled the coverage in the UK, for the last time. Woburn Golf and Country Club Source: The field for the tournament is set at 144, and most earn exemptions based on past performance on the Ladies European Tour, the LPGA Tour, previous major championships, or with a high ranking in the Women's World Golf Rankings. The rest of the field earn entry by successfully competing in qualifying tournaments open to any female golfer, professional", "title": "2016 Women's British Open" }, { "id": "3746700", "text": "for each respective season. Due to the tight competition between 2008 and 2013, many saw this as the emerging rivalry. Djokovic went on to dominate the rivalry after the 2013 Wimbledon final, winning 13 of their last 16 matches. In 2016, Murray suffered his 4th loss (his 5th total) in the final of the Australian Open from Djokovic, then the Serbian defeated the British player in four sets in the Roland Garros final, where Djokovic won his first Roland Garros title and completed the Career Grand Slam. Murray and Djokovic met in the final at the year's end final of", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "3746682", "text": "sets to capture his 13th masters title and 3rd title in Shanghai. This marked his 6th title of 2016 and drew him even with former No. 1 Stefan Edberg at No. 15 on the Open Era titles list with 41 Tour titles each. Murray brought his win streak to 15 consecutive match wins by winning the Erste Bank Open for his seventh tour title of the 2016 season. His tournament started slowly with three-set wins over Martin Klizan and Gilles Simon in the first two rounds. However, a decisive win over John Isner in the quarter-final and a walkover due", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "19547643", "text": "Club and International Tennis Federation. Novak Djokovic was the two-time defending champion in the Gentlemen's Singles, but he lost in the third round to Sam Querrey, ending a 30-match winning streak in Grand Slams and Djokovic's hopes of becoming the first man to achieve the golden calendar slam. The Gentlemen's Singles title was won by Andy Murray. Serena Williams successfully defended her Ladies' Singles title and equaled Steffi Graf's Open Era record of 22 major singles titles. The Gentlemen's Doubles event consisted of 'best of three sets' matches for Rounds 1 and 2 in order to help with 'catch-up' scheduling", "title": "2016 Wimbledon Championships" }, { "id": "3746577", "text": "Andy Murray Sir Andrew Barron Murray (born 15 May 1987) is a British professional tennis player from Scotland currently ranked No. 257 in men's singles as of 17 December 2018. Murray represents Great Britain in his sporting activities and is a three-time Grand Slam tournament winner, two-time Olympic champion, Davis Cup champion, winner of the 2016 ATP World Tour Finals and former world No. 1. Murray defeated Novak Djokovic in the 2012 US Open final, becoming the first British player since 1977, and the first British man since 1936, to win a Grand Slam singles tournament. Murray is also the", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "19631659", "text": "parentheses. Stewart Cink (2), Darren Clarke (2), John Daly, David Duval, Ernie Els (2), Todd Hamilton, Pádraig Harrington (2), Zach Johnson (2,17), Paul Lawrie, Tom Lehman, Sandy Lyle, Rory McIlroy (2,3,4,5,10,12,17), Phil Mickelson (2,3,4,12,17), Mark O'Meara, Louis Oosthuizen (2,4,5), Henrik Stenson (2,3,4,5,17) Sergio García (4,5,9,17), Bill Haas (4), Tyrrell Hatton (4,5), J. B. Holmes (4,12,17), Dustin Johnson (4,8,12,17), Andrew Johnston (5), Søren Kjeldsen (5), Steve Stricker Daniel Berger (12), Wesley Bryan, Rafael Cabrera-Bello (5,17), Paul Casey (12), Kevin Chappell (12), Jason Day (10,11,12), Ross Fisher (5), Matthew Fitzpatrick (5,17), Tommy Fleetwood, Rickie Fowler (11,17), Branden Grace (5), Emiliano Grillo (12),", "title": "2017 Open Championship" }, { "id": "13770934", "text": "Andy Murray career statistics Andy Murray is a professional tennis player who is the current world No. 262 in the ATP rankings. He is the reigning Olympic champion, having won the men's singles tennis tournament at the 2016 Rio Olympics. He has reached eleven grand slam finals in total: he won the 2016 Wimbledon Championships, 2013 Wimbledon Championships and the 2012 US Open, and finished as runner-up at the 2008 US Open, the 2010, 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2016 Australian Opens, at Wimbledon in 2012 and the 2016 French Open. Murray made his professional tennis debut on the main tour", "title": "Andy Murray career statistics" }, { "id": "4642995", "text": "spent a week practising for the Open on links courses in Ireland. In 2011 it was held at Castle Stuart Golf Links, near Inverness, due to the financial difficulties being suffered by Loch Lomond. Play was reduced to 54 holes (three rounds) in the tournament due to heavy rain, which caused flooding and landslides. Aberdeen Asset Management took over sponsorship in 2012, but the event remained at Castle Stuart in 2012 and 2013 before moving to Royal Aberdeen Golf Club in 2014. It was played at Gullane Golf Club in 2015 and at Castle Stuart Golf Links in 2016. In", "title": "Scottish Open (golf)" }, { "id": "4650976", "text": "the Ryder Cup: Joakim Haeggman, Per-Ulrik Johansson, Jesper Parnevik, Robert Karlsson, Jarmo Sandelin, Pierre Fulke, Niclas Fasth, Peter Hanson and Henrik Stenson. Karlsson and Stenson (twice) have won the European Tour Order of Merit/Race to Dubai. Stenson rose to second on the world ranking after winning the PGA Tour's championship trophy the FedEx Cup in 2013. Fasth and Parnevik (twice) have been runner-up in the British Open, which Stenson won in record-breaking fashion in 2016, shortly before securing an Olympic silver medal. Annika Sörenstam is a World Golf Hall of Fame member and dominated her sport 1995–2005, with ten major", "title": "Sport in Sweden" }, { "id": "14713089", "text": "round of the Snooker Shootout 2018. Mark Davis scored a century break(102) to knock McGill, defending champion out of the tournament. Anthony McGill Anthony McGill (born 5 February 1991) is a Scottish professional snooker player. He is a practice partner of Alan McManus. McGill turned professional in 2010, after finishing fourth in the 2009/2010 PIOS rankings. McGill won the 2016 Indian Open after having never been beyond the quarter-final stage of a ranking event previously. He was runner-up to Stuart Carrington in the 2006 Junior Pot Black. He was runner-up in the 2008 European Under-19′s Championship behind Stephen Craigie. In", "title": "Anthony McGill" }, { "id": "3746678", "text": "then had three set wins over Kyle Edmund, another countryman, and No. 5 seed Marin Čilić. In the final he was down a set and a break to 3rd seed Milos Raonic. Murray still managed to come back and win a record 5th Queen's Club Championships and it was also his 2nd title in 2016. Murray then played at the third major of the year at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships as the 2nd seed. Murray had straight set wins over Liam Broady, Lu Yen-hsun, John Millman, and Nick Kyrgios in the first four rounds. Murray then defeated 12th seed Jo-Wilfried", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "19215384", "text": "week later with Murray the victor, despite a sluggish performance. Djokovic defeated Andy Murray in the final of the French Open in four sets, making him the reigning champion of all four major tournaments, a historic feat the media dubbed the \"Nole Slam.\" With his French Open triumph, Djokovic became the 8th player in history (and the second oldest) to achieve a Career Grand Slam. However, at Wimbledon, his major win streak came to an end in the third-round when he lost to American Sam Querrey in four sets. It was his earliest exit in a Grand Slam since the", "title": "2016 ATP World Tour Finals" }, { "id": "18212478", "text": "in parentheses. Mark Calcavecchia (3), Stewart Cink (2,3), Darren Clarke (2,3), Ben Curtis, John Daly, David Duval, Ernie Els (2,3), Nick Faldo, Todd Hamilton, Pádraig Harrington (2), Paul Lawrie, Tom Lehman, Justin Leonard (3), Sandy Lyle, Phil Mickelson (2,3,5,15), Mark O'Meara, Louis Oosthuizen (2,3,5,6), Tiger Woods (2,3,12) Tom Watson Victor Dubuisson (5,6,15), Rickie Fowler (5,12,13,15), Jim Furyk (5,13,15), Sergio García (5,6,13,15), Marc Leishman, Shane Lowry (5,6), Graeme McDowell (5,6,15), Edoardo Molinari, Charl Schwartzel (5,6,10), Adam Scott (5,10,13) Keegan Bradley (11,15), Paul Casey, Jason Day (13), Jamie Donaldson (6,15), Matt Every, Branden Grace, Bill Haas (13), J. B. Holmes, Billy Horschel", "title": "2015 Open Championship" }, { "id": "7704436", "text": "summer of 2018. Rooney scored 28 goals in total for the season and finished the top scorer in the Scottish Premiership. On 5 August 2016, Rooney signed a four-year contract extension at Aberdeen. He scored his 100th Scottish League goal on 31 March 2017, in a 7–0 victory over Dundee. On 22 April 2017, in the semi-final of the Scottish Cup, Rooney opened the scoring after just 12 seconds as Aberdeen won 3–2 against Hibernian. Rooney signed a three-year contract with Salford City of the National League on 19 July 2018; the fee was undisclosed. The transfer led to Accrington", "title": "Adam Rooney" }, { "id": "10728905", "text": "Japan's Hideki Matsuyama in a playoff at the Waste Management Phoenix Open. On March 7, Fowler sparked fantastic scenes after sinking a hole-in-one with fellow tour pro Luke Donald's pitching wedge to win $1 million for Ernie Els' charity, Els for Autism. In June, Fowler announced that he wouldn't be defending his Scottish Open title at Castle Stuart, citing the crowded schedule due to golf's return to the Olympic Games as the main reason. At the 2016 Olympics, he came in 37th place. At the first FedEx Cup playoff event of the season, The Barclays, Fowler went into the final", "title": "Rickie Fowler" }, { "id": "19190238", "text": "birth. The women's wildcard playoff was won by unseeded teen Maddison Inglis, who defeated newlywed Arina Rodionova in the final. NB: Kimberly Birrell was the number 5 seed, but withdrew prior to the commencement of play. For the first time in Australian Open history, the winner of the girls' 18/U Championships will receive a main draw wildcard into the 2016 Australian Open. The wildcard was won by top seed Priscilla Hon who defeated wildcard playoff winner Maddison Inglis in the final. NB: Kimberly Birrell was the number 2 seed. The 'Win a Wildcard' competition held by Tennis Australia allowed any", "title": "2016 Australian Open – Main Draw Wildcard Entries" }, { "id": "19554504", "text": "2016 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles Novak Djokovic was the two-time defending champion, and top seed, but was defeated in the third round by the No. 28 seed Sam Querrey. This was his first defeat before the quarterfinals of a major tournament since the 2009 French Open, a streak of 28 quarterfinal appearances in a row. The defeat also broke his streak of four consecutive major tournament victories, dating back to the 2015 Wimbledon Championships. Andy Murray won his third major and second Wimbledon title defeating Milos Raonic in the final, 6–4, 7–6, 7–6. Raonic became the first Canadian male", "title": "2016 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles" }, { "id": "19798523", "text": "and Aberdeen were drawn at home to fellow Premiership side St Johnstone on 22 September. Another nervy encounter followed as the Dons required a last-minute Adam Rooney goal to win 1–0. Aberdeen were drawn to face Championship side Greenock Morton in the semi-finals at Hampden Park on 22 October. The Dons hadn't won a match at the National Stadium for 16 years but goals from Rooney and Kenny McLean in a game Aberdeen dominated saw them into the final. Celtic were seeded for the second round draw and were drawn at home to face Group F runners-up Motherwell on 10", "title": "2016 Scottish League Cup Final (November)" }, { "id": "18830271", "text": "Smith, Brandt Snedeker (12,13,14) Daniel Berger (13,14), Steven Bowditch, Paul Casey (13,14), Harris English (14), Jim Furyk (13,14), Bill Haas (13,14), Charley Hoffman (13,14), J. B. Holmes (13,14), Kevin Kisner (13,14), Brooks Koepka (13,14), Matt Kuchar (13,14), Danny Lee (13,14), Hideki Matsuyama (13,14), Kevin Na (13,14), Scott Piercy (13), Patrick Reed (13,14), Henrik Stenson (13,14), Robert Streb, Jimmy Walker (13,14) An Byeong-hun (14), Kiradech Aphibarnrat (14), Rafael Cabrera-Bello (14), Kevin Chappell (14), Jamie Donaldson, Matthew Fitzpatrick (14), Sergio García (14), Emiliano Grillo (14), James Hahn (14), Billy Horschel (14), Smylie Kaufman (14), Kim Kyung-tae (14), Chris Kirk (14), Patton Kizzire,", "title": "2016 U.S. Open (golf)" }, { "id": "20298515", "text": "My Leander My Leander (born 12 September 1994) is a Swedish professional golfer. Leander is a 2017 graduate of San José State University where she was awarded 2016–17 Mountain West Women's Golfer of the Year. Her stroke average in the 2016–17 season was the best in school history, shooting 17 rounds under par and six rounds of par and winning two tournaments, the Ptarmigan Ram Classic and Meadow Club Intercollegiate, and placing second at three other tournaments. Leander qualified for the 2017 Women's British Open at the Kingsbarns Golf Links in Scotland as an amateur by shooting three-under and finishing", "title": "My Leander" }, { "id": "20652744", "text": "Oakville Tankard and Oakville OCT Fall Classic tour events to begin the season. The Team would win the 2017 Boost National, becoming the first Scottish team to win a Grand Slam title. Also on the tour that season, the team would win the Dumfries Challenger Series and the Aberdeen International Curling Championship. The team had less success at the second slam they played in that season the, 2018 Meridian Canadian Open, failing to make it to the playoffs. Later in the season, the team won the Scottish Men's Curling Championship, and defeated the British Olympic team (skipped by Kyle Smith)", "title": "Bobby Lammie" }, { "id": "19249187", "text": "del Potro eventually emerging as the winner. Murray teamed up with his brother Jamie to win the doubles, keeping Team GB in the tie, and then beat Guido Pella in three sets to take the tie to 2–2. Dan Evans would lose the deciding rubber, and Great Britain were unable to defend their Davis Cup title. Defending champion Novak Djokovic had withdrawn from the China Open, leaving Murray as the top seed. He went on to win the title for the first time, defeating Andreas Seppi, Andrey Kusnetsov, Kyle Edmund and David Ferrer on his way to the final, where", "title": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season" }, { "id": "19249172", "text": "years. He reached the No. 1 ranking despite the fact that, in contrast to previous years, no ranking points were awarded for the Olympics. Of note, Murray had 16 wins against players ranked in the top 10, whereas Djokovic had 21 such wins. Djokovic had a 3–2 edge in matches between the two in 2016, including winning their two matches in Grand Slam finals (Australian and French Opens). Murray had a 1–1 record against Rafael Nadal in the year. The following are also career firsts for a single season for Murray: (1) won ≥$16,000,000 in prize money, (2) amassed 78", "title": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season" }, { "id": "14594370", "text": "missed the half-way cut<br> WD = withdrew<br> \"T\" = tied \"Results not in chronological order prior to 2015.\" QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play<br> \"T\" = tied Amateur Professional Ryder Cup points record Danny Willett Daniel John Willett (born 3 October 1987) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour. In April 2016, he won his first major championship at the 2016 Masters Tournament, becoming only the second Englishman to achieve the feat and the first European in 17 years to win at Augusta National. Willett was born in Sheffield,", "title": "Danny Willett" }, { "id": "8188330", "text": "3–1 home victory over St Mirren on 7 August 2015. Wallace was officially appointed captain on a permanent basis prior to Rangers' 5–1 win over Alloa Athletic at Recreation Park on 16 August 2015. On 5 April 2016, Wallace captained Rangers to a 1–0 home victory against Dumbarton to win the Scottish Championship and earn promotion to the top flight of Scottish football. He also led out the team in the 2016 Scottish Cup Final, the first major final in five years for Rangers. The match ended in a 3–2 win for opponents Hibernian, whose supporters staged a pitch invasion", "title": "Lee Wallace" }, { "id": "18847141", "text": "Stanford 9. Maximum of two sponsor invites Nicole Broch Larsen, Klára Spilková 10. LPGA members who have committed to the event, ranked in the order of their position on the 2016 official money list through the conclusion of the ShopRite LPGA Classic Marina Alex, Brittany Altomare, Amy Anderson, Laetitia Beck, Christel Boeljon, Katie Burnett, Dori Carter, Sandra Changkija, Ssu-Chia Cheng, Cydney Clanton, Holly Clyburn, Jacqui Concolino, Brianna Do, Lindy Duncan, Jodi Ewart Shadoff, Simin Feng, Julieta Granada, Jaye Marie Green, Casey Grice, Mina Harigae, Céline Herbin, Nannette Hill, Wei-Ling Hsu, Vicky Hurst, Daniela Iacobelli, Ji Eun-hee, Tiffany Joh, Felicity Johnson,", "title": "2016 KPMG Women's PGA Championship" }, { "id": "19249182", "text": "Nicolas Mahut in the first round, and then played his first tour-level matches against fellow Britons since losing to Tim Henman quickly made in 2006, defeating Aljaž Bedene and then Kyle Edmund in the quarter-finals in three sets. Murray reached the final after defeating Marin Čilić in the semi-finals, and won the title after coming from a set and a break down to defeat Milos Raonic for the third time in 2016. With this win Murray became the first person ever to win five titles at Queen's club. After straight-sets victories over Liam Broady, Lu Yen-hsun, John Millman and Nick", "title": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season" }, { "id": "14594357", "text": "Danny Willett Daniel John Willett (born 3 October 1987) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour. In April 2016, he won his first major championship at the 2016 Masters Tournament, becoming only the second Englishman to achieve the feat and the first European in 17 years to win at Augusta National. Willett was born in Sheffield, Yorkshire, one of four brothers. His father, Steve, was a Church of England vicar and his mother, Swedish-born Elisabet, was a maths teacher. Willett used to practise his golf in a sheep pasture; interviewed by \"The Daily Telegraph\" in 2016", "title": "Danny Willett" }, { "id": "13770963", "text": "Birmingham, before sitting out the quarter final in Belgrade against Serbia which fell just after Wimbledon. Andy Murray career statistics Andy Murray is a professional tennis player who is the current world No. 262 in the ATP rankings. He is the reigning Olympic champion, having won the men's singles tennis tournament at the 2016 Rio Olympics. He has reached eleven grand slam finals in total: he won the 2016 Wimbledon Championships, 2013 Wimbledon Championships and the 2012 US Open, and finished as runner-up at the 2008 US Open, the 2010, 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2016 Australian Opens, at Wimbledon in", "title": "Andy Murray career statistics" }, { "id": "19827098", "text": "Marcus Armitage Marcus Armitage (born 15 July 1987) is an English professional golfer. He won the 2016 Foshan Open on the Challenge Tour. Armitage earned rookie of the year honours on the 2013 PGA EuroPro Tour. He also won on tour as part of fourteen total victories for the year. Over the 2014 season, Armitage reworked his swing. Armitage won twice on the 2015 PGA EuroPro Tour, finished fourth in the money list, and earned his tour card for the 2016 Challenge Tour. Armitage won the 2016 Foshan Open on the Challenge Tour. He was also a runner-up in the", "title": "Marcus Armitage" }, { "id": "19249179", "text": "In the final he lost to Novak Djokovic in three sets, a result that saw Murray fall to number three in the world rankings for the first time in 2016. Prior to the tournament, it was announced that Murray's coach, Amélie Mauresmo, would no longer be working with him. In the tournament itself, Murray recorded victories over Mikhail Kukushkin, Jérémy Chardy, David Goffin and Lucas Pouille, all in straight sets, to reach his first final in the Rome Masters. Once again he faced Djokovic, but this time won, again in straight sets, to win his first title of 2016 and", "title": "2016 Andy Murray tennis season" }, { "id": "17544249", "text": "of Q School, where he was unable to earn a full card. In December 2015, Holman earned the first professional win of his career, the Australian PGA Championship, with a par on the first hole of a playoff with Harold Varner III of the United States and Dylan Frittelli of South Africa. The win at a tournament co-sanctioned by the European Tour earned Holman the top spot on the final 2015 PGA Tour of Australasia Order of Merit as well as spots in the 2016 Open Championship at Royal Troon and the 2016 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational. The win also secured Holman's", "title": "Nathan Holman" }, { "id": "4670651", "text": "Paul Lawrie Paul Stewart Lawrie (born 1 January 1969) is a Scottish professional golfer who is best known for winning The Open Championship in 1999. He was a vice-captain for the European Ryder Cup team in 2016. Lawrie was born in Aberdeen. He turned professional in 1986 and became a member of the European Tour in 1992. He performed steadily without doing much to draw attention to himself, aside from a 6th-place finish in the 1993 Open Championship. In his first seven seasons his only top 50 finish on the Order of Merit came in 1996 when he was 21st.", "title": "Paul Lawrie" }, { "id": "19204865", "text": "2015, he earned his first professional win at the Sunshine Tour's Lion of Africa Cape Town Open. In January 2016, making his second European Tour start as a full member, Stone won the South African Open by two strokes. The event was co-sanctioned with the Sunshine Tour. In July 2017, Stone employed Alan Burns as his full time caddie commencing with The Open Championship. He had previously worked with Burns at the Alfred Dunhill Championship in December 2015. He won the 2018 Aberdeen Standard Investments Scottish Open at Gullane with a final-round 60, tying the European Tour record, after narrowly", "title": "Brandon Stone" }, { "id": "19503999", "text": "2016 French Open – Men's Singles Stan Wawrinka was the defending champion, but was defeated in the semifinals by Andy Murray. Murray became the first British man since Bunny Austin in 1937 to reach the final. Novak Djokovic won his first French Open title, defeating Murray in the final, 3–6, 6–1, 6–2, 6–4. Djokovic completed a career Grand Slam and achieved a non-calendar year Grand Slam with this title, becoming the first man since Rod Laver in 1969 to hold all four major titles at once and the first man in history to do so on three different surfaces. Djokovic", "title": "2016 French Open – Men's Singles" }, { "id": "4642988", "text": "qualified, could play in the Open. The Scottish Open is one of the European Tour Rolex Series events. The Rolex Series started in 2017, with each tournament in the series having a minimum prize fund of $7 million. In 1935 Gleneagles hosted a Scottish Open Championship held on the King's course. Total prize money was £750. The R&A objected to the use of the term \"Championship\" being used for a tournament organised by a private enterprise. Percy Alliss won the tournament by 4 strokes from Jack Busson with an aggregate of 273. The 1936 tournament was sponsored by Penfold and", "title": "Scottish Open (golf)" }, { "id": "3746681", "text": "his brother Jamie to beat del Potro and Leonardo Mayer in the third rubber in four sets. He then won the fourth rubber against Guido Pella in straight sets, though Great Britain eventually lost the tie. Murray then won the China Open for his fifth title of 2016 and 40th career tour title. He defeated Andreas Seppi, Andrey Kuznetsov, Kyle Edmund, David Ferrer, and Grigor Dimitrov all in straight sets. Murray then backed this up with a tournament win at the Shanghai Rolex Masters defeating Steve Johnson, Lucas Pouille, David Goffin, Gilles Simon, and Roberto Bautista Agut all in straight", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "id": "18212479", "text": "(13), Thongchai Jaidee (6), Miguel Ángel Jiménez (6), Dustin Johnson (13), Zach Johnson (13,15), Martin Kaymer (6,9,11,12,13,15), Brooks Koepka (6), Matt Kuchar (13,15), Anirban Lahiri (OQS Thailand), Joost Luiten (6), Hunter Mahan (13,15), Ben Martin, Hideki Matsuyama (13), Ryan Moore, Kevin Na (13), Ryan Palmer (13), Ian Poulter (6,15), Patrick Reed (13,15), Justin Rose (6,9,13,15), Webb Simpson (9,13,15), Brandt Snedeker, Jordan Spieth (9,10,13,15), Henrik Stenson (6,15), Brendon Todd (13), Jimmy Walker (13,15), Bubba Watson (10,13,15), Lee Westwood (6,15), Bernd Wiesberger, Danny Willett (6), Gary Woodland (13) Thomas Bjørn (15), Jonas Blixt, George Coetzee, Ross Fisher, Tommy Fleetwood, Stephen Gallacher (15),", "title": "2015 Open Championship" }, { "id": "18830272", "text": "Søren Kjeldsen (14), Russell Knox (14), Anirban Lahiri (14), Marc Leishman (14), David Lingmerth (14), Ryan Moore (14), Andy Sullivan (14), Justin Thomas (14), Jaco van Zyl (14), Lee Westwood (14), Bernd Wiesberger (14) William McGirt Retief Goosen The remaining contestants earned their places through sectional qualifiers. Alternates who gained entry: (a) denotes amateur (L) denotes player advanced through local qualifying \"Thursday, June 16, 2016\" Play was suspended three times during the morning wave of players, all for dangerous weather conditions. At 4:40 pm EDT, play was called for the day with the second wave of players yet to tee", "title": "2016 U.S. Open (golf)" }, { "id": "12223506", "text": "time that Norén had won in back-to-back seasons. After finishing runner-up at the Paul Lawrie Matchplay in August, he won the Omega European Masters in September, beating Scott Hend at the first playoff hole. A month later, he captured his third win of the season at the British Masters at The Grove. The win lifted him to the 18th place of the Official World Golf Ranking. In November, Norén won his fourth title of 2016 at the Nedbank Golf Challenge, capturing $1,166,660, the largest in his career so far. He began the final day six shots behind Wang Jeung-hun only", "title": "Alex Norén" }, { "id": "19309982", "text": "am\" \"Friday, April 15, 3:30 pm\" \"Saturday, April 16, 12:00 pm\" \"Sunday, April 17, 10:00 am\" \"Sunday, April 17, 11:30 am\" 2016 Players' Championship The 2016 Players' Championship was held from April 12 to 17 at the Mattamy Athletic Centre in Toronto, Ontario. It was the sixth men's and fifth women's Grand Slam of the 2015–16 World Curling Tour. Newfoundland's Brad Gushue rink won their first men's title while Scotland's Eve Muirhead won her third women's title. The teams are listed as follows: \"Final Round Robin Standings\" \"Tuesday, April 12, 7:00 pm\" \"Wednesday, April 13, 8:30 am\" \"Wednesday, April 13,", "title": "2016 Players' Championship" }, { "id": "19215421", "text": "the second round of the Chengdu Open and was upset by Alexander Zverev in the first round of the China Open in 3 sets. In the indoor events of Erste Bank Open and BNP Paribas Masters, he suffered early loses in the second round to Viktor Troicki and in the first round to Jack Sock, respectively. The following players qualified for the 2016 World Tour Finals. The following teams qualified for the 2016 World Tour Finals. 2016 ATP World Tour Finals – Singles 2016 ATP World Tour Finals – Doubles Andy Murray def. Novak Djokovic, 6–3, 6–4 Henri Kontinen /", "title": "2016 ATP World Tour Finals" }, { "id": "18830286", "text": "to players ranked highest according to that week's OWGR. The Greenbrier Classic was cancelled due to the damage sustained by the course in the 2016 West Virginia flood. The Open Qualifying Series event originally slated for the Greenbrier was shifted to the Barracuda Championship. The Final Qualifying events were played on 28 June at four courses covering Scotland and the North-West, Central and South-coast regions of England. Three qualifying places were available at each location. None of the twelve qualifiers had played in Regional Qualifying on 20 June: each was exempted by virtue of holding an Official World Golf Ranking.", "title": "2016 Open Championship" }, { "id": "19498221", "text": "2016 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship The 2016 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship was the 78th annual tournament to determine the national champions of NCAA Division I men's collegiate golf. It was contested from May 27 to June 1 at the Eugene Country Club in Eugene, Oregon. Host team Oregon won 3–2 over Texas and Aaron Wise of Oregon won the individual competition. Remaining teams: Clemson (867), Georgia (867), TCU (867), Auburn (868), Florida State (868), Houston (868), Virginia (869), Alabama (871), Wake Forest (871), San Diego State (872), South Florida (876), Baylor (880), Stanford (884), Purdue (898),", "title": "2016 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship" }, { "id": "12894240", "text": "Champion in history. Harbour appeared as a contestant on the popular darts quiz show Bullseye and managed to win a car. He enjoys drinking coffee from a rather vulgar smelling old boot. He was once asked why by darts TV and said \"I just love the bitter and acrid taste. And it makes my breath stink to high heaven which helps with me darts because the other players hate it. BROWN teeth!\". Harbour has qualified for the 2016 BDO World Championships, this was a result of a fine performance in 2015 winning the Scottish Open and Isle of Man Open", "title": "Dennis Harbour" }, { "id": "19501474", "text": "Callum Hawkins Callum Hawkins (born 22 June 1992) is a British distance runner, who competed in the marathon at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He is the all-time Great Britain number 2 (and European all-time number six) at half marathon, behind Mo Farah, and 2016 winner, and course record holder, of the Great Scottish Run, the first British winner of the event in 23 years. Hawkins was born on 22 June 1992 in Elderslie near Paisley. He has an elder brother Derek. Callum and Derek were encouraged to take up distance running, and are trained by their father Robert, a former", "title": "Callum Hawkins" }, { "id": "19501480", "text": "this event. Callum Hawkins Callum Hawkins (born 22 June 1992) is a British distance runner, who competed in the marathon at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He is the all-time Great Britain number 2 (and European all-time number six) at half marathon, behind Mo Farah, and 2016 winner, and course record holder, of the Great Scottish Run, the first British winner of the event in 23 years. Hawkins was born on 22 June 1992 in Elderslie near Paisley. He has an elder brother Derek. Callum and Derek were encouraged to take up distance running, and are trained by their father Robert,", "title": "Callum Hawkins" } ]	who won the aam scottish open in 2016
[ "European theatre" ]	[ { "id": "7594611", "text": "World War I World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as \"the war to end all wars\", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. An estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a direct result of the war, and it also contributed to later genocides and the", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7696582", "text": "Great Britain's control over the Atlantic Ocean, the only fighting for the U.S. Army was in Europe on the Western Front. The American army was transported by ship across the ocean so it could fight the Germans in France. The Western Front was the scene of continuous combat from the start of the war until the last day of the war, November 11, 1918. The fighting on the Western Front was mainly confined to the north-eastern part of France as well as Belgium. Most of France was not fought over, and the Netherlands remained neutral for the entire war. The", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "20439121", "text": "Deadliest single days of World War I The First World War was fought on many fronts around the world from the battlefields of Europe to the far-flung colonies in the Pacific and Africa. While it is most famous for the trench combat stalemate that existed on Europe's Western Front, in other theatres of combat the fighting was mobile and often involved set-piece battles and cavalry charges. The Eastern Front often took thousands of casualties a day during the big offensive pushes but it was the West that saw the most concentrated slaughter. It was in the west that the newly", "title": "Deadliest single days of World War I" }, { "id": "7594663", "text": "last large-scale offensive of this period was a British attack (with French support) at Passchendaele (July–November 1917). This offensive opened with great promise for the Allies, before bogging down in the October mud. Casualties, though disputed, were roughly equal, at some 200,000–400,000 per side. The years of trench warfare on the Western front achieved no major exchanges of territory and, as a result, are often thought of as static and unchanging. However, throughout this period, British, French, and German tactics constantly evolved to meet new battlefield challenges. At the start of the war, the German Empire had cruisers scattered across", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "620227", "text": "Western Front (World War I) The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "7594835", "text": "the pocketwatch, which requires a free hand to operate. Military funding of advancements in radio contributed to the postwar popularity of the medium. World War I World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as \"the war to end all wars\", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. An estimated nine", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594652", "text": "seized all the German territories in the Pacific; only isolated commerce raiders and a few holdouts in New Guinea remained. Some of the first clashes of the war involved British, French, and German colonial forces in Africa. On 6–7 August, French and British troops invaded the German protectorate of Togoland and Kamerun. On 10 August, German forces in South-West Africa attacked South Africa; sporadic and fierce fighting continued for the rest of the war. The German colonial forces in German East Africa, led by Colonel Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, fought a guerrilla warfare campaign during World War I and only surrendered", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594786", "text": "At the siege of Maubeuge about 40,000 French soldiers surrendered, at the battle of Galicia Russians took about 100,000 to 120,000 Austrian captives, at the Brusilov Offensive about 325,000 to 417,000 Germans and Austrians surrendered to Russians, and at the Battle of Tannenberg 92,000 Russians surrendered. When the besieged garrison of Kaunas surrendered in 1915, some 20,000 Russians became prisoners, at the battle near Przasnysz (February–March 1915) 14,000 Germans surrendered to Russians, and at the First Battle of the Marne about 12,000 Germans surrendered to the Allies. 25–31% of Russian losses (as a proportion of those captured, wounded, or killed)", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7696585", "text": "between the Alps and the Adriatic, near the town of Trieste. The fighting primarily involved Italy and Austria-Hungary but also included smaller contingents from France, the UK, and the US (who fought on the side of Italy), and Germany (who was allied with Austria-Hungary). The Balkans Front covered all of Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, and Romania. It also covered northern Greece, the western part of Bulgaria, and the south and eastern parts of Austria-Hungary. Very little fighting took place in this theatre for long periods of time. It was considered a lesser theatre of war by the Great Powers. The Central", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "7696584", "text": "last significant military operation taking place in the autumn of 1917. The two Russian Revolutions of 1917 forced Russia out of the war. The Bolshevik government that took power in November 1917 had promised an end to the war and that government signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk which ended the war for Russia in March 1918. The Italian Front covered only a small part of northern Italy and the western border of Austria-Hungary. The fighting here began on 23 May 1915 and lasted till 3 November 1918. Most of the fighting was concentrated on a very small bit of land", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "7594656", "text": "develop tactics for breaching entrenched positions without heavy casualties. In time, however, technology began to produce new offensive weapons, such as gas warfare and the tank. After the First Battle of the Marne (5–12 September 1914), Allied and German forces unsuccessfully tried to outflank each other, a series of manoeuvres later known as the \"Race to the Sea\". By the end of 1914, the opposing forces were left confronting each other along an uninterrupted line of entrenched positions from Alsace to Belgium's North Sea coast. Since the Germans were able to choose where to stand, they normally had the advantage", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594658", "text": "were developed by Britain and France and were first used in combat by the British during the Battle of Flers–Courcelette (part of the Battle of the Somme) on 15 September 1916, with only partial success. However, their effectiveness would grow as the war progressed; the Allies built tanks in large numbers, whilst the Germans employed only a few of their own design, supplemented by captured Allied tanks. Neither side proved able to deliver a decisive blow for the next two years. Throughout 1915–17, the British Empire and France suffered more casualties than Germany, because of both the strategic and tactical", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7696583", "text": "Western Front involved the allied powers of France, the British Empire, Belgium, and America fighting against the armed forces of the German Empire. The fighting on the Eastern Front was primarily contested by the German army and the Austro-Hungarian army on one side and the forces of the Russian Empire and Romania on the other. The Eastern front covered a very large territory, from the Baltic in the north to the Black Sea in the south and from Prussia and Galicia in the west to Latvia and Minsk to the east. The fighting on this front ended early, with the", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "7594721", "text": "appointed as supreme commander of the Allied forces. Haig, Petain, and Pershing retained tactical control of their respective armies; Foch assumed a co-ordinating rather than a directing role, and the British, French, and US commands operated largely independently. Following Operation Michael, Germany launched Operation Georgette against the northern English Channel ports. The Allies halted the drive after limited territorial gains by Germany. The German Army to the south then conducted Operations Blücher and Yorck, pushing broadly towards Paris. Germany launched Operation Marne (Second Battle of the Marne) on 15 July, in an attempt to encircle Reims. The resulting counter-attack, which", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594711", "text": "line created by the infantry. During virtually continuous operations by Australian Light Horse, British mounted Yeomanry, Indian Lancers, and New Zealand Mounted Rifle brigades in the Jezreel Valley, they captured Nazareth, Afulah and Beisan, Jenin, along with Haifa on the Mediterranean coast and Daraa east of the Jordan River on the Hejaz railway. Samakh and Tiberias on the Sea of Galilee were captured on the way northwards to Damascus. Meanwhile, Chaytor's Force of Australian light horse, New Zealand mounted rifles, Indian, British West Indies and Jewish infantry captured the crossings of the Jordan River, Es Salt, Amman and at Ziza", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594617", "text": "halted at the Battle of the Marne and by the end of 1914, the Western Front settled into a battle of attrition, marked by a long series of trench lines that changed little until 1917. The Eastern Front was marked by much greater exchanges of territory, but though Serbia was defeated in 1915, and Romania joined the Allied Powers in 1916 only to be defeated in 1917, none of the great powers were knocked out of the war until 1918. In November 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers, opening fronts in the Caucasus, Mesopotamia and the Sinai Peninsula.", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "620228", "text": "1918. Between 1915 and 1917 there were several offensives along this front. The attacks employed massive artillery bombardments and massed infantry advances. Entrenchments, machine gun emplacements, barbed wire and artillery repeatedly inflicted severe casualties during attacks and counter-attacks and no significant advances were made. Among the most costly of these offensives were the Battle of Verdun, in 1916, with a combined 700,000 casualties (estimated), the Battle of the Somme, also in 1916, with more than a million casualties (estimated), and the Battle of Passchendaele (Third Battle of Ypres), in 1917, with 487,000 casualties (estimated). To break the deadlock of trench", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "7594769", "text": "role in both of these assaults, as they had the year before at Cambrai. The areas in the East were larger. The Germans did well at the First Masurian Lakes driving the invaders from East Prussia, and at Riga, which led the Russians to sue for peace. The Austro-Hungarians and Germans joined for a great success at Gorlice–Tarnów, which drove the Russians out of Poland. In a series of attacks along with the Bulgarians they occupied Serbia, Albania, Montenegro and most of Romania. The Allies successes came later in Palestine, the beginning of the end for the Ottomans, in Macedonia,", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594768", "text": "side made impressive gains in the first three years of the war with attacks at Verdun, the Somme, Passchendaele, and Cambrai the exception was Nivelle's Offensive in which the German defence gave ground while mauling the attackers so badly that there were mutinies in the French Army. In 1918 the Germans smashed through the defence lines in three great attacks: Michael, on the Lys, and on the Aisne, which displayed the power of their new tactics. The Allies struck back at Soissons, which showed the Germans that they must return to the defensive, and at Amiens; tanks played a prominent", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "16352636", "text": "influenza epidemic and severe food shortages. Nearly all of Belgium was occupied by the Germans, but the government and army escaped and fought the war on a narrow slice of the Western Front. The German invaders treated any resistance—such as sabotaging rail lines—as illegal and immoral, and shot the offenders and burned buildings in retaliation. The German army executed over 6,500 French and Belgian civilians between August and November 1914, usually in near-random large-scale shootings of civilians ordered by junior German officers. The German Army destroyed 15,000-20,000 buildings—most famously the university library at Louvain—and generated a refugee wave of over", "title": "Home front during World War I" }, { "id": "454787", "text": "late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. Following the onset of campaigns in North Africa and East Africa, and the fall of France in mid 1940, the war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the British Empire. War in the Balkans, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz, and", "title": "World War II" }, { "id": "284004", "text": "them, and then upon each other, near the Dogger Bank, nearly causing Britain to enter the war on the side of Japan. During the First World War, Great Britain's Grand Fleet and Germany's Kaiserliche Marine faced each other in the North Sea, which became the main theatre of the war for surface action. Britain's larger fleet and North Sea Mine Barrage were able to establish an effective blockade for most of the war, which restricted the Central Powers' access to many crucial resources. Major battles included the Battle of Heligoland Bight, the Battle of the Dogger Bank, and the Battle", "title": "North Sea" }, { "id": "7594651", "text": "Force landed on the island of Neu Pommern (later New Britain), which formed part of German New Guinea. On 28 October, the German cruiser sank the Russian cruiser Zhemchug in the Battle of Penang. Japan seized Germany's Micronesian colonies and, after the Siege of Tsingtao, the German coaling port of Qingdao on the Chinese Shandong peninsula. As Vienna refused to withdraw the Austro-Hungarian cruiser from Tsingtao, Japan declared war not only on Germany, but also on Austria-Hungary; the ship participated in the defence of Tsingtao where it was sunk in November 1914. Within a few months, the Allied forces had", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "17732638", "text": "years old. Later his body was moved and re-interred at the Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery and Memorial (also known as the Argonne American Cemetery), along with 14,245 other American comrades from the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF). Most lost their lives during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, which was the largest battle in American military history, involving 1.2 million American troops and was the principal engagement of the United States in WW 1. It lasted from September 26 to the Armistice with Germany on November 11, 1918. Major Emory's oil portrait hangs in Courtroom 226 of the Clarence M. Mitchell Jr. Courthouse in Baltimore,", "title": "German Horton Hunt Emory" }, { "id": "7594677", "text": "Armenian Genocide, Greek Genocide, and Assyrian Genocide. The British and French opened overseas fronts with the Gallipoli (1915) and Mesopotamian campaigns (1914). In Gallipoli, the Ottoman Empire successfully repelled the British, French, and Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZACs). In Mesopotamia, by contrast, after the defeat of the British defenders in the Siege of Kut by the Ottomans (1915–16), British Imperial forces reorganised and captured Baghdad in March 1917. The British were aided in Mesopotamia by local Arab and Assyrian tribesmen, while the Ottomans employed local Kurdish and Turcoman tribes. Further to the west, the Suez Canal was defended", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594763", "text": "deadliest battles in history occurred during World War I. Such battles include Ypres, the Marne, Cambrai, the Somme, Verdun, and Gallipoli. The Germans employed the Haber process of nitrogen fixation to provide their forces with a constant supply of gunpowder despite the British naval blockade. Artillery was responsible for the largest number of casualties and consumed vast quantities of explosives. The large number of head wounds caused by exploding shells and fragmentation forced the combatant nations to develop the modern steel helmet, led by the French, who introduced the Adrian helmet in 1915. It was quickly followed by the Brodie", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "713566", "text": "Battle of the Somme The Battle of the Somme (; ), also known as the Somme Offensive, was a battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and French Third Republic against the German Empire. It took place between 1 July and 18 November 1916 on both sides of the upper reaches of the River Somme in France. The battle was intended to hasten a victory for the Allies and was the largest battle of the First World War on the Western Front. More than three million men fought in the battle and one", "title": "Battle of the Somme" }, { "id": "7594719", "text": "assaults. In the Spring Offensive of 1918, however, Ludendorff used artillery only briefly and infiltrated small groups of infantry at weak points. They attacked command and logistics areas and bypassed points of serious resistance. More heavily armed infantry then destroyed these isolated positions. This German success relied greatly on the element of surprise. The front moved to within of Paris. Three heavy Krupp railway guns fired 183 shells on the capital, causing many Parisians to flee. The initial offensive was so successful that Kaiser Wilhelm II declared 24 March a national holiday. Many Germans thought victory was near. After heavy", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "8406842", "text": "marked by near disaster for the Allies on all the European fronts. A French offensive in April, with which the British cooperated, was a failure, and was followed by widespread mutinies in the French armies. The British maintained strong pressure on their front throughout the year; but British attacks at Messines Ridge (7 June), at Passchendaele (31 July), and at Cambrai (20 November) failed in their main objective–the capture of German submarine bases–and took a severe toll of British fighting strength. Three American engineer regiments–the 11th, 12th, and 14th–were engaged in construction activity behind the British lines at Cambrai in", "title": "United States campaigns in World War I" }, { "id": "7696581", "text": "take place throughout all of the major combatants territory. The United Kingdom was nearly untouched by the war. Most of France was unaffected, as was most of Germany and Italy. Some large countries in Europe remained neutral for the entire war such as Sweden and Spain – the Great War passed them by without much impact. On the other hand, some countries were conquered (Serbia, Belgium, Romania). Other countries like Russia and the Ottoman Empire saw armies marching over much of their lands, with a great deal of resulting devastation. Although the United States did join the war, due to", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "7594685", "text": "on Germany. The Italians had numerical superiority, but this advantage was lost, not only because of the difficult terrain in which the fighting took place, but also because of the strategies and tactics employed. Field Marshal Luigi Cadorna, a staunch proponent of the frontal assault, had dreams of breaking into the Slovenian plateau, taking Ljubljana and threatening Vienna. On the Trentino front, the Austro-Hungarians took advantage of the mountainous terrain, which favoured the defender. After an initial strategic retreat, the front remained largely unchanged, while Austrian Kaiserschützen and Standschützen engaged Italian Alpini in bitter hand-to-hand combat throughout the summer. The", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7696580", "text": "European theatre of World War I Although considerable conflict took place outside Europe, the European theatre (also known as the First European War) was the main theatre of operations during World War I and was where the war began and ended. During the four years of conflict, battle was joined by armies of unprecedented size equipped with new mechanized technologies, leaving millions dead or wounded. The European theatre is divided into four main theatres of operations: the Western Front, the Eastern Front, the Italian Front, and the Balkans Front. Not all of Europe involved in the war. Nor did fighting", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "7594659", "text": "stances chosen by the sides. Strategically, while the Germans only mounted one major offensive, the Allies made several attempts to break through the German lines. In February 1916 the Germans attacked French defensive positions at the Battle of Verdun, lasting until December 1916. The Germans made initial gains, before French counter-attacks returned matters to near their starting point. Casualties were greater for the French, but the Germans bled heavily as well, with anywhere from 700,000 to 975,000 casualties suffered between the two combatants. Verdun became a symbol of French determination and self-sacrifice. The Battle of the Somme was an Anglo-French", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594687", "text": "offensives, centred on the Banjšice and Karst Plateau east of Gorizia. The Central Powers launched a crushing offensive on 26 October 1917, spearheaded by the Germans, and achieved a victory at Caporetto (Kobarid). The Italian Army was routed and retreated more than to reorganise, stabilising the front at the Piave River. Since the Italian Army had suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Caporetto, the Italian Government ordered conscription of the so-called \"99 Boys\" (\"Ragazzi del '99\"): all males born in 1899 and prior, who were 18 years old or older. In 1918, the Austro-Hungarians failed to break through in", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594624", "text": "grown up with the appellation of the Great War firmly applied to the 1914–18 First World War. But to anyone living before 1918, the title of the Great War was applied to the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars in which Britain fought France almost continuously for twenty-two years from 1793 to 1815.\" In Germany, \"The Great War\" was historically used for the 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War, also known as the \"Great German War\" or \"Great Schism\". One of the longest and most destructive conflicts in human history, it resulted in eight million fatalities from military action, violence, famine and plague, the", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7696590", "text": "Russian fleet was essentially inactive, hiding behind the belts of mines which stretched across the entry into the Gulf of Finland. So the German Baltic fleet dominated the sea and was of occasional use to the German army on the Eastern front. European theatre of World War I Although considerable conflict took place outside Europe, the European theatre (also known as the First European War) was the main theatre of operations during World War I and was where the war began and ended. During the four years of conflict, battle was joined by armies of unprecedented size equipped with new", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "7594722", "text": "started the Hundred Days Offensive, marked the first successful Allied offensive of the war. By 20 July, the Germans had retreated across the Marne to their starting lines, having achieved little, and the German Army never regained the initiative. German casualties between March and April 1918 were 270,000, including many highly trained stormtroopers. Meanwhile, Germany was falling apart at home. Anti-war marches became frequent and morale in the army fell. Industrial output was half the 1913 levels. In the late spring of 1918, three new states were formed in the South Caucasus: the First Republic of Armenia, the Azerbaijan Democratic", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "9927743", "text": "in 1995, the series is available on video tape and DVD but no US video-on-demand services have it. The series is available on YouTube. The series begins with a review of the rivalries and tensions between the major European powers from 1870 to 1914, which culminated with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie in the city of Sarajevo by members of the Serbian Black Hand. The series then followed the course of the war, showing how more countries both in and out of Europe, such as Japan, the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria, Romania and the United States,", "title": "World War One (TV series)" }, { "id": "4340003", "text": "Hundred Days Offensive The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term \"Hundred Days Offensive\" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply. The Spring Offensive of the German Army", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "id": "12502948", "text": "reinforcement of existing formations with conscripts after the introduction of compulsory service in January 1916. By the end of 1918, the British Army had reached its maximum strength of 3,820,000 men and could field over 70 divisions. The vast majority of the British Army fought in the main theatre of war on the Western Front in France and Belgium against the German Empire. Some units were engaged in Italy and Salonika against Austria-Hungary and the Bulgarian Army, while other units fought in the Middle East, Africa and Mesopotamia—mainly against the Ottoman Empire—and one battalion fought alongside the Japanese Army in", "title": "British Army during World War I" }, { "id": "1535699", "text": "Trench warfare Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines consisting largely of military trenches, in which troops are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery. The most famous use of trench warfare is the Western Front in World War I. It has become a byword for stalemate, attrition, sieges, and futility in conflict. Trench warfare occurred when a revolution in firepower was not matched by similar advances in mobility, resulting in a grueling form of warfare in which the defender held the advantage. On the Western Front in 1914–1918,", "title": "Trench warfare" }, { "id": "7594730", "text": "belligerents and neutrals suggesting a meeting for peace talks on neutral soil, and on 15 September Germany made a peace offer to Belgium. Both peace offers were rejected. In September the Allies advanced to the Hindenburg Line in the north and centre. The Germans continued to fight strong rear-guard actions and launched numerous counterattacks, but positions and outposts of the Line continued to fall, with the BEF alone taking 30,441 prisoners in the last week of September. On 24 September an assault by both the British and French came within of St. Quentin. The Germans had now retreated to positions", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594783", "text": "of Settlement in present-day Ukraine). The German invaders treated any resistance—such as sabotaging rail lines—as illegal and immoral, and shot the offenders and burned buildings in retaliation. In addition, they tended to suspect that most civilians were potential \"francs-tireurs\" (guerrillas) and, accordingly, took and sometimes killed hostages from among the civilian population. The German army executed over 6,500 French and Belgian civilians between August and November 1914, usually in near-random large-scale shootings of civilians ordered by junior German officers. The German Army destroyed 15,000–20,000 buildings—most famously the university library at Louvain—and generated a wave of refugees of over a million", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "20439124", "text": "or taken prisoner for a total of 39,929 casualties. The word \"casualty\" has been used in a military context since at least 1513. In this article the numbers killed refer to those killed in action, killed by disease or someone who died from their wounds. Notes References Deadliest single days of World War I The First World War was fought on many fronts around the world from the battlefields of Europe to the far-flung colonies in the Pacific and Africa. While it is most famous for the trench combat stalemate that existed on Europe's Western Front, in other theatres of", "title": "Deadliest single days of World War I" }, { "id": "13804841", "text": "Battle of Flirey The Battle of Flirey () was a First World War battle fought from 19 September – 11 October 1914. It resulted in a German victory against the French army. The battle cut most of the roads and railways to the strategically important Fortified Region of Verdun ( [RFV]) and was to have a large effect on the course of the war. The Woëvre Plain stretches from the city of Luxemburg, south to the French city of Toul and has been a common route of attack between Germany and France. The plain is flanked on the western side", "title": "Battle of Flirey" }, { "id": "7594686", "text": "Austro-Hungarians counterattacked in the Altopiano of Asiago, towards Verona and Padua, in the spring of 1916 (\"Strafexpedition\"), but made little progress. Beginning in 1915, the Italians under Cadorna mounted eleven offensives on the Isonzo front along the Isonzo (Soča) River, northeast of Trieste. Of this eleven offensives, five were won by Italy, three remained inconclusive, and other three were repelled by the Austro-Hungarians, who held the higher ground. In the summer of 1916, after the Battle of Doberdò, the Italians captured the town of Gorizia. After this minor victory, the front remained static for over a year, despite several Italian", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "4340018", "text": "Valenciennes (1 November) and the Battle of the Sambre (including the Second Battle of Guise (4 November) and the Battle of Thiérache (4 November), with fighting continuing until the last minutes before the Armistice took effect at 11:00 on 11 November 1918. The last soldier to die was Henry Gunther, one minute before the armistice came into effect. Hundred Days Offensive The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "id": "7594724", "text": "of 1918, but this collapsed in May, when the Georgians asked for and received protection from Germany and the Azerbaijanis concluded a treaty with the Ottoman Empire that was more akin to a military alliance. Armenia was left to fend for itself and struggled for five months against the threat of a full-fledged occupation by the Ottoman Turks before defeating them at the Battle of Sardarabad. The Allied counteroffensive, known as the Hundred Days Offensive, began on 8 August 1918, with the Battle of Amiens. The battle involved over 400 tanks and 120,000 British, Dominion, and French troops, and by", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "620235", "text": "A series of engagements known as the Battle of the Frontiers ensued, which included the Battle of Charleroi and the Battle of Mons. In the former battle the French Fifth Army was almost destroyed by the German 2nd and 3rd Armies and the latter delayed the German advance by a day. A general Allied retreat followed, resulting in more clashes at the Battle of Le Cateau, the Siege of Maubeuge and the Battle of St. Quentin (also called the First Battle of Guise). The German Army came within of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6–12 September),", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "7594671", "text": "combat, with launching Sopwith Camels in a successful raid against the Zeppelin hangars at Tondern in July 1918, as well as blimps for antisubmarine patrol. Faced with Russia in the east, Austria-Hungary could spare only one-third of its army to attack Serbia. After suffering heavy losses, the Austrians briefly occupied the Serbian capital, Belgrade. A Serbian counter-attack in the Battle of Kolubara succeeded in driving them from the country by the end of 1914. For the first ten months of 1915, Austria-Hungary used most of its military reserves to fight Italy. German and Austro-Hungarian diplomats, however, scored a coup by", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "620278", "text": "over a half million men during this offensive. The battle has become a byword among some British revisionist historians for bloody and futile slaughter, whilst the Germans called Passchendaele \"the greatest martyrdom of the war\". On 20 November the British launched the first massed tank attack and the first attack using predicted artillery-fire (aiming artillery without firing the guns to obtain target data) at the Battle of Cambrai. The Allies attacked with 324 tanks (with one-third held in reserve) and twelve divisions, advancing behind a hurricane bombardment, against two German divisions. The machines carried fascines on their fronts to bridge", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "7594751", "text": "parts of the Kingdom of Hungary, became a new nation. Russia became the Soviet Union and lost Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia, which became independent countries. The Ottoman Empire was soon replaced by Turkey and several other countries in the Middle East. In the British Empire, the war unleashed new forms of nationalism. In Australia and New Zealand the Battle of Gallipoli became known as those nations' \"Baptism of Fire\". It was the first major war in which the newly established countries fought, and it was one of the first times that Australian troops fought as Australians, not just subjects", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594731", "text": "along or behind the Hindenburg Line. That same day, Supreme Army Command informed the leaders in Berlin that armistice talks were inevitable. The final assault on the Hindenburg Line began with the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, launched by French and American troops on 26 September. The following week, co-operating French and American units broke through in Champagne at the Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge, forcing the Germans off the commanding heights, and closing towards the Belgian frontier. On 8 October the line was pierced again by British and Dominion troops at the Battle of Cambrai. The German army had to shorten its", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594678", "text": "from Ottoman attacks in 1915 and 1916; in August, a German and Ottoman force was defeated at the Battle of Romani by the ANZAC Mounted Division and the 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division. Following this victory, an Egyptian Expeditionary Force advanced across the Sinai Peninsula, pushing Ottoman forces back in the Battle of Magdhaba in December and the Battle of Rafa on the border between the Egyptian Sinai and Ottoman Palestine in January 1917. Russian armies generally had success in the Caucasus. Enver Pasha, supreme commander of the Ottoman armed forces, was ambitious and dreamed of re-conquering central Asia and areas", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7696586", "text": "Powers of Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire were opposed by the allied powers of Serbia, France, the United Kingdom, Romania, Russia, Montenegro, and Greece. Because of the dominance of the British and French navies, only limited fighting took place in the seas around Europe. The German U-Boat fleet tried to sink British merchant ships, with some success early in the war. German U-Boats had only moderate cruising range in this war and operated mostly in the North Sea, the Irish Sea and in the Mediterranean. The German U-Boat threat was drastically reduced when the British finally adopted a", "title": "European theatre of World War I" }, { "id": "14138934", "text": "unit Croix de Guerre for their actions at Château-Thierry, Belleau Wood, and Séchault. On the battlefields of France in spring 1918, the war-weary Allied armies enthusiastically greeted the fresh American troops. They arrived at the rate of 10,000 a day, at a time when the Germans were unable to replace their losses. The Americans won a victory at Cantigny, then again in defensive stands at Chateau-Thierry and Belleau Wood. The Americans helped the British Empire, French and Portuguese forces defeat and turn back the powerful final German offensive (Spring Offensive of March to July, 1918), and most importantly, the Americans", "title": "United States in World War I" }, { "id": "7594616", "text": "under this, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August. On 12 August, Britain and France also declared war on Austria-Hungary; on the 23rd, Japan sided with the Entente, seizing the opportunity to expand its sphere of influence by capturing German possessions in China and the Pacific. The war was fought in and drew upon each powers' colonial empires as well, spreading the conflict across the globe. The Entente and its allies would eventually become known as the Allied Powers, while the grouping of Austria-Hungary and Germany would become known as the Central Powers. The German advance into France was", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "111434", "text": "War I was fought between 1914 and 1918. It started when Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated by the Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip. Most European nations were drawn into the war, which was fought between the Entente Powers (France, Belgium, Serbia, Portugal, Russia, the United Kingdom, and later Italy, Greece, Romania, and the United States) and the Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire). The war left more than 16 million civilians and military dead. Over 60 million European soldiers were mobilised from 1914 to 1918. Russia was plunged into the Russian Revolution, which threw down the", "title": "Europe" }, { "id": "4445533", "text": "economic control of a quarter of the world's population, industry and resources, in addition to its close allies in the independent Dominion nations (such as Canada and South Africa). From 1938 to mid-1942, the British coordinated the Allied effort in all global theatres. They fought the German, Italian, Japanese and Vichy armies, air forces and navies across Europe, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, India, the Mediterranean and in the Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Arctic Oceans. British forces destroyed Italian armies in North and East Africa and occupied overseas colonies of occupied European nations. Following engagements with Axis forces, British Empire", "title": "Military production during World War II" }, { "id": "10394014", "text": "few hours later. On the same day the Austro-Hungarian fleet bombarded the railway stations of Manfredonia and Ancona. The first Italian casualty was Riccardo Di Giusto. The main effort was to be concentrated in the Isonzo and Vipava valleys and on the Kras plateau, in the direction of Ljubljana. The Italian troops had some initial successes, but as in the Western Front, the campaign soon evolved into trench warfare. The main difference was that the trenches had to be dug in the Alpine rocks and glaciers instead of in the mud, and often up to of altitude. In the first", "title": "Military history of Italy during World War I" }, { "id": "8406848", "text": "this Friedensturm (peace offensive); its failure was a tremendous psychological blow to the whole nation. That part of the Western Front extending from the English Channel south through Ypres, and thence across the Lys River to the vicinity of Arras, was manned by an army group under King Albert of Belgium composed of Belgian, British, and French armies. In late August and early September the British Second and Fifth Armies, assisted by the American II Corps (27th and 30th Divisions), wiped out the Lys salient. When the Germans began retiring in the sector south of the Lys in October to", "title": "United States campaigns in World War I" }, { "id": "7594612", "text": "1918 influenza pandemic, which caused between 50 and 100 million deaths worldwide. Military losses were exacerbated by new technological and industrial developments and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political changes, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923, in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of World War II about twenty years later. On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist, assassinated the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, leading to the July", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594709", "text": "Valley was occupied, following the First Transjordan and the Second Transjordan attacks by British Empire forces in March and April 1918. In March, most of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's British infantry and Yeomanry cavalry were sent to the Western Front as a consequence of the Spring Offensive. They were replaced by Indian Army units. During several months of reorganisation and training of the summer, a number of attacks were carried out on sections of the Ottoman front line. These pushed the front line north to more advantageous positions for the Entente in preparation for an attack and to acclimatise the", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594738", "text": "eleventh day of the eleventh month\"—a ceasefire came into effect. During the six hours between the signing of the armistice and its taking effect, opposing armies on the Western Front began to withdraw from their positions, but fighting continued along many areas of the front, as commanders wanted to capture territory before the war ended. The occupation of the Rhineland took place following the Armistice. The occupying armies consisted of American, Belgian, British and French forces. In November 1918, the Allies had ample supplies of men and materiel to invade Germany. Yet at the time of the armistice, no Allied", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "620237", "text": "French pig-iron production, 24 percent of its steel manufacturing and 40 percent of the coal industry – dealing a serious blow to French industry. On the Entente side (those countries opposing the German alliance), the final lines were occupied with the armies of each nation defending a part of the front. From the coast in the north, the primary forces were from Belgium, the British Empire and then France. Following the Battle of the Yser in October, the Belgian army controlled a length of West Flanders along the coast, known as the Yser Front, along the Yser river and the", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "5785533", "text": "ships to get close enough to conduct coastal bombardment or support attacks. The first battleship sinking in the war — that of — was the result of her striking a naval mine on 27 October 1914. Suitably placed mines also served to restrict the freedom of movement of submarines. The North Sea was the main theater of the war for surface action. The British Grand Fleet took position against the German High Seas Fleet. Britain's larger fleet could maintain a blockade of Germany, cutting it off from overseas trade and resources. Germany's fleet remained mostly in harbor behind their screen", "title": "Naval warfare of World War I" }, { "id": "18744716", "text": "Hooge in World War I In World War I, the area around Hooge on Bellewaerde Ridge, about east of Ypres in Flanders in Belgium, was one of the eastern-most sectors of the Ypres Salient and was the site of much fighting between German and Allied forces. Within a radius of Hooge are the sites of Château Wood, Sanctuary Wood, Railway Wood and Menin Road. There are four Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) war cemeteries in this area and several museums and memorials. Hill 62 and Mount Sorrel (Also Mont Sorrel) are further south, while the sites known to British and", "title": "Hooge in World War I" }, { "id": "12503068", "text": "Offensive, the final Allied offensive on the Western Front. Over the following weeks, all five armies of the BEF went on the offensive from the Somme to Flanders. Fighting continued right up until the Armistice with Germany came into effect at 11:00 am on 11 November 1918. In the final offensives, the BEF had captured 188,700 prisoners and 2,840 guns which was only 7,800 prisoners and 935 guns less than those taken by the French, Belgian and American armies combined. The Easter Rising was a rebellion staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. It was mounted by Irish republicans with", "title": "British Army during World War I" }, { "id": "9927744", "text": "became involved in the war, as well as the war's various fighting fronts and campaigns. Various episodes examined the German atrocities in Belgium, the war at sea, trench warfare, the Russian Revolution, the Italian Front, air warfare, America's entry into the war, the home fronts of the various participants, the music of that era, the war's final campaigns, and the war's legacy. The series used archival footage from various national and private archives, some of which were at that point being seen by the public for the first time. Rather than use sound effects to simulate combat noises, the series", "title": "World War One (TV series)" }, { "id": "7594682", "text": "The Arab Revolt, instigated by the Arab bureau of the British Foreign Office, started June 1916 with the Battle of Mecca, led by Sherif Hussein of Mecca, and ended with the Ottoman surrender of Damascus. Fakhri Pasha, the Ottoman commander of Medina, resisted for more than two and half years during the Siege of Medina before surrendering in January 1919. The Senussi tribe, along the border of Italian Libya and British Egypt, incited and armed by the Turks, waged a small-scale guerrilla war against Allied troops. The British were forced to dispatch 12,000 troops to oppose them in the Senussi", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "620251", "text": "German air superiority was diminished by their primarily defensive doctrine in which they tended to remain over their own lines, rather than fighting over Allied held territory. In September 1915 the Entente allies launched another offensive, with the French Third Battle of Artois, Second Battle of Champagne and the British at Loos. The French had spent the summer preparing for this action, with the British assuming control of more of the front to release French troops for the attack. The bombardment, which had been carefully targeted by means of aerial photography, began on 22 September. The main French assault was", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "7594618", "text": "In 1915, Italy joined the Allied Powers and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers. After the sinking of seven US merchant ships by German submarines, and the revelation that the Germans were trying to incite Mexico to make war on the United States, the US declared war on Germany on 6 April 1917. The 1917 February Revolution in Russia replaced the Tsarist autocracy with the Provisional Government, but continuing discontent at the cost of the war led to the October Revolution, the creation of the Soviet Socialist Republic, and the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk by the new government, ending", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "5785535", "text": "included those at Heligoland Bight (two of them), Dogger Bank, and Jutland. Though British tactical success remains a subject of historical debate, Britain accomplished its strategic objective of maintaining the blockade and keeping the main body of the High Seas Fleet in port for the vast majority of the war. The High Seas Fleet remained a threat as a fleet in being that forced Britain to retain a majority of its capital ships in the North Sea. The set-piece battles and maneuvering have drawn historians' attention; however, it was the naval blockade of food and raw material imports into Germany", "title": "Naval warfare of World War I" }, { "id": "20825873", "text": "left unanswered. Japan then formally declared war on the German Empire on 23 August 1914 thereby entering the First World War as an ally of Britain, France and the Russian Empire to seize the German-held Caroline, Marshall, and Mariana Islands in the Pacific. The only major battle that took place between Japan and Germany was the siege of the German-controlled Chinese port of Tsingtao in Kiautschou Bay. The German forces held out from August until November 1914, under a total Japanese/British blockade, sustained artillery barrages and manpower odds of 6:1 – a fact that gave a morale boost during the", "title": "Japanese entry into World War I" }, { "id": "7594761", "text": "1914, cannons were positioned in the front line and fired directly at their targets. By 1917, indirect fire with guns (as well as mortars and even machine guns) was commonplace, using new techniques for spotting and ranging, notably aircraft and the often overlooked field telephone. Counter-battery missions became commonplace, also, and sound detection was used to locate enemy batteries. Germany was far ahead of the Allies in using heavy indirect fire. The German Army employed and howitzers in 1914, when typical French and British guns were only and . The British had a 6-inch (152 mm) howitzer, but it was", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "8406844", "text": "losses incurred. No large American units were in the immediate vicinity of this action, although the 1st Division at Cantigny was subjected to artillery fire and diversionary raids. In the four great offensives from 21 March to 13 June 1918 the Germans gained considerable ground, but failed to achieve a decisive advantage at any point on the front. Furthermore, success was bought at a price in manpower and material which they could ill afford. Their more than 600,000 casualties were irreplaceable, whereas the Allied loss of some 800,000 men was soon more than compensated for by new American units arriving", "title": "United States campaigns in World War I" }, { "id": "620259", "text": "after a week of heavy rain, British divisions in Picardy began the Battle of the Somme with the Battle of Albert, supported by five French divisions on their right flank. The attack had been preceded by seven days of heavy artillery bombardment. The experienced French forces were successful in advancing but the British artillery cover had neither blasted away barbed wire, nor destroyed German trenches as effectively as was planned. They suffered the greatest number of casualties (killed, wounded and missing) in a single day in the history of the British Army, about 57,000. The Verdun lesson learnt, the Allies'", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "7594787", "text": "were to prisoner status; for Austria-Hungary 32%, for Italy 26%, for France 12%, for Germany 9%; for Britain 7%. Prisoners from the Allied armies totalled about 1.4 million (not including Russia, which lost 2.5–3.5 million men as prisoners). From the Central Powers about 3.3 million men became prisoners; most of them surrendered to Russians. Germany held 2.5 million prisoners; Russia held 2.2–2.9 million; while Britain and France held about 720,000. Most were captured just before the Armistice. The United States held 48,000. The most dangerous moment was the act of surrender, when helpless soldiers were sometimes gunned down. Once prisoners", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "17175738", "text": "at Rantoul, Illinois, as did Selfridge Field near Detroit. By October 31, fourteen facilities had been built, of which nine had begun flight training. During 1917, a number of fields provided primary training: Hazelhurst Field (Mineola, New York), Selfridge Field (Mt. Clemens, Michigan), Wilbur Wright Field (Fairfield, Ohio), Chanute Field (Rantoul, Illinois), Scott Field (Belleville, Illinois), Camp Kelly (San Antonio, Texas), and Rockwell Field (the old North Island site in San Diego). Proposed advanced schools at Houston, Texas, and Lake Charles, Louisiana, were also used for primary training until the necessary equipment could be supplied for specialized instruction. All of", "title": "United States Army World War I Flight Training" }, { "id": "3807599", "text": "with the surrender of the Central Powers in November 1918. The front in the east was much longer than that in the west. The theater of war was roughly delimited by the Baltic Sea in the west and Minsk in the east, and Saint Petersburg in the north and the Black Sea in the south, a distance of more than . This had a drastic effect on the nature of the warfare. While World War I on the Western Front developed into trench warfare, the battle lines on the Eastern Front were much more fluid and trenches never truly developed.", "title": "Eastern Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "5500685", "text": "like Douglas Haig on the Western Front or Edmund Allenby in Palestine then reported to the CIGS. After the Indian Army, the largest individual units were the Australian Corps and Canadian Corps in France, which by 1918 were commanded by their own generals, John Monash and Arthur Currie. Contingents from South Africa, New Zealand and Newfoundland served in theatres including France, Gallipoli, German East Africa and the Middle East. Australian troops separately occupied German New Guinea, with the South Africans doing the same in German South West Africa; this resulted in the Maritz rebellion by former Boers, which was quickly", "title": "Allies of World War I" }, { "id": "7594660", "text": "offensive of July to November 1916. The opening day of the offensive (1 July 1916) was the bloodiest day in the history of the British Army, suffering 57,470 casualties, including 19,240 dead. The entire Somme offensive cost the British Army some 420,000 casualties. The French suffered another estimated 200,000 casualties and the Germans an estimated 500,000. Gun fire wasn't the only factor taking lives; the diseases that emerged in the trenches were a major killer on both sides. The living conditions made it so that countless diseases and infections occurred, such as trench foot, shell shock, blindness/burns from mustard gas,", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594810", "text": "the end of 1918 this increased to 24 million men that were registered with nearly 3 million inducted into the military services. The draft was universal and included blacks on the same terms as whites, although they served in different units. In all 367,710 black Americans were drafted (13% of the total), compared to 2,442,586 white (87%). Forms of resistance ranged from peaceful protest to violent demonstrations and from humble letter-writing campaigns asking for mercy to radical newspapers demanding reform. The most common tactics were dodging and desertion, and many communities sheltered and defended their draft dodgers as political heroes.", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "454877", "text": "history. In May 1945, Australian troops landed in Borneo, over-running the oilfields there. British, American, and Chinese forces defeated the Japanese in northern Burma in March, and the British pushed on to reach Rangoon by 3 May. Chinese forces started a counterattack in the Battle of West Hunan that occurred between 6 April and 7 June 1945. American naval and amphibious forces also moved towards Japan, taking Iwo Jima by March, and Okinawa by the end of June. At the same time, American submarines cut off Japanese imports, drastically reducing Japan's ability to supply its overseas forces. On 11 July,", "title": "World War II" }, { "id": "18744717", "text": "Commonwealth soldiers as Stirling Castle and Clapham Junction are further east. For much of the war, Hooge was one of the eastern-most sectors of the Ypres Salient, being almost constantly exposed to enemy attacks from three sides. After the First Battle of Ypres in 1914, the front line of the salient ran through the Hooge area and there was almost constant fighting in the region over the next three years, during which Hooge and the \"Château de Hooge\", a local manor house were destroyed. Around the village, the opposing front lines were almost within whispering distance of each other. With", "title": "Hooge in World War I" }, { "id": "7594710", "text": "newly arrived Indian Army infantry. It was not until the middle of September that the integrated force was ready for large-scale operations. The reorganised Egyptian Expeditionary Force, with an additional mounted division, broke Ottoman forces at the Battle of Megiddo in September 1918. In two days the British and Indian infantry, supported by a creeping barrage, broke the Ottoman front line and captured the headquarters of the Eighth Army (Ottoman Empire) at Tulkarm, the continuous trench lines at Tabsor, Arara, and the Seventh Army (Ottoman Empire) headquarters at Nablus. The Desert Mounted Corps rode through the break in the front", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594645", "text": "thrown back with heavy losses, which marked the first major Allied victories of the war and dashed Austro-Hungarian hopes of a swift victory. As a result, Austria had to keep sizeable forces on the Serbian front, weakening its efforts against Russia. Serbia's defeat of the Austro-Hungarian invasion of 1914 has been called one of the major upset victories of the twentieth century. When the war began, the German Order of Battle placed 80% of the army in the West, with the remainder acting as a screening force in the East. The plan was to quickly knock France out of the", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "1988854", "text": "Meuse-Argonne Offensive The Meuse-Argonne Offensive (also known as Battles of the Meuse-Argonne and the Meuse-Argonne Campaign) was a major part of the final Allied offensive of World War I that stretched along the entire Western Front. It was fought from September 26, 1918 until the Armistice of November 11, 1918, a total of 47 days. The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was the largest in United States military history, involving 1.2 million American soldiers. It was one of a series of Allied attacks known as the Hundred Days Offensive, which brought the war to an end. The battle cost 28,000 German lives, 26,277", "title": "Meuse-Argonne Offensive" }, { "id": "13336816", "text": "French Army in World War I This article is about the French Army in World War I. During World War I, France was one of the Triple Entente powers allied against the Central Powers. Although fighting occurred worldwide, the bulk of the fighting in Europe occurred in Belgium, Luxembourg, France and Alsace-Lorraine along what came to be known as the Western Front, which consisted mainly of trench warfare. Specific operational, tactical, and strategic decisions by the high command on both sides of the conflict led to shifts in organizational capacity, as the French Army tried to respond to day-to-day fighting", "title": "French Army in World War I" }, { "id": "7594718", "text": "Operation Michael) for the 1918 offensive on the Western Front. The Spring Offensive sought to divide the British and French forces with a series of feints and advances. The German leadership hoped to end the war before significant US forces arrived. The operation commenced on 21 March 1918 with an attack on British forces near Saint-Quentin. German forces achieved an unprecedented advance of . British and French trenches were penetrated using novel infiltration tactics, also named \"Hutier\" tactics after General Oskar von Hutier, by specially trained units called stormtroopers. Previously, attacks had been characterised by long artillery bombardments and massed", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "8406849", "text": "shorten their lines, King Albert's army group attacked along its entire front. By 20 October Ostend and Bruges had been captured and the Allied left was at the Dutch frontier. In mid-October Pershing dispatched two American divisions – the 37th and 91st – to the French Army of Belgium, at Foch's request, to give impetus to the drive to cross the Scheldt (Escaut) southwest of Ghent. A general attack began in this area on 31 October and continued intermittently until hostilities ended on 11 November. The 37th Division forced a crossing of the river southeast of Heurne on 2 November", "title": "United States campaigns in World War I" }, { "id": "7594668", "text": "than they received. Strategically, however, the British asserted their control of the sea, and the bulk of the German surface fleet remained confined to port for the duration of the war. German U-boats attempted to cut the supply lines between North America and Britain. The nature of submarine warfare meant that attacks often came without warning, giving the crews of the merchant ships little hope of survival. The United States launched a protest, and Germany changed its rules of engagement. After the sinking of the passenger ship RMS \"Lusitania\" in 1915, Germany promised not to target passenger liners, while Britain", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "620231", "text": "French Army and trap it on the German border. The Western Front was the place where the most powerful military forces in Europe, the German and French armies, met and where the war was decided. Belgian neutrality had been guaranteed by Britain under the Treaty of London, 1839; this caused Britain to join the war at the expiration of its ultimatum at 11 pm GMT on 4 August. Armies under German generals Alexander von Kluck and Karl von Bülow attacked Belgium on 4 August 1914. Luxembourg had been occupied without opposition on 2 August. The first battle in Belgium was", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "id": "7594741", "text": "a result of the war: the Romanovs, the Hohenzollerns, the Habsburgs, and the Ottomans. Belgium and Serbia were badly damaged, as was France, with 1.4 million soldiers dead, not counting other casualties. Germany and Russia were similarly affected. A formal state of war between the two sides persisted for another seven months, until the signing of the Treaty of Versailles with Germany on 28 June 1919. The United States Senate did not ratify the treaty despite public support for it, and did not formally end its involvement in the war until the Knox–Porter Resolution was signed on 2 July 1921", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "7594619", "text": "Russia's involvement in the war. This allowed the transfer of large numbers of German troops from the East to the Western Front, resulting in the German March 1918 Offensive. The offensive was initially successful, but the Allied Powers rallied and drove the Germans back in the Hundred Days Offensive. Bulgaria was the first Central Power to sign an armistice—the Armistice of Salonica on 29 September 1918. On 30 October, the Ottoman Empire capitulated, signing the Armistice of Mudros. On 4 November, the Austro-Hungarian empire agreed to the Armistice of Villa Giusti. With its allies defeated, revolution at home, and the", "title": "World War I" }, { "id": "1442719", "text": "on 4 April 1917. On 31 March 1918 the British conducted their largest ever \"gas shoot\", firing 3,728 cylinders at Lens. Over of France had to be cordoned off at the end of the war because of unexploded ordnance. About 20% of the chemical shells were duds, and approximately 13 million of these munitions were left in place. This has been a serious problem in former battle areas from immediately after the end of the War until the present. Shells may be, for instance, uncovered when farmers plough their fields (termed the 'iron harvest'), and are also regularly discovered when", "title": "Chemical weapons in World War I" }, { "id": "20090320", "text": "on for two years longer than they would have been able on their own, a view shared by historian Ian F.W. Beckett. The Turks fought the war on multiple fronts: against Russia on the Black Sea and eastern Turkey and the Russian Caucasus; against Britain in Mesopotamia (Iraq) and Sinai and Palestine in 1917; and against the combined Allies at Gallipoli, near the approaches to Constantinople. Their great victory was at Gallipoli. Troop movements were extremely difficult because of the heavy inadequate and uncompleted railway system. The British engaged in secret peace talks with Ottoman representatives in Switzerland in 1917-1918,", "title": "Diplomatic history of World War I" }, { "id": "19056455", "text": "Front in the mountains of Italy, and the Eastern Front was on the border of Russia. Because Germany and Austria-Hungary had to split their armies, they were severely weakened. While the Schlieffen Plan intended for Germany to send ninety percent of their army to France and quickly overtake it then move to Russia, they were held up by fierce fighting at the First Battle of the Marne. Throughout major battles in the war, geography influenced the method of fighting and often the victor. At Ypres, many men died by drowning in thick, liquid mud and fighting conditions were awful The", "title": "Role of geography in World War I" }, { "id": "2783430", "text": "ways this was a 'perfect' operation, delivered with the skill gained during the bitter fighting with the Wehrmacht and Luftwaffe over four years. The Eastern Front was the largest and bloodiest theatre of World War II. It is generally accepted as being the deadliest conflict in human history, with over 30 million killed as a result. The German armed forces suffered 80% of its military deaths in the Eastern Front. It involved more land combat than all other World War II theatres combined. The distinctly brutal nature of warfare on the Eastern Front was exemplified by an often willful disregard", "title": "Eastern Front (World War II)" }, { "id": "16329458", "text": "combined with the innovative deployment of aircraft, submarines and poison gas. In many theatres of operation, mobile campaigns degenerated into static trench warfare, depending on the slow attrition of the enemy over many years for victory. The battles spread across larger areas than ever before, with key engagements, such as that at Verdun etched on the memories of the nations involved. One result of this style of warfare was a level of casualties unknown in previous conflicts. Approximately 2 million Germans and 1.3 million Frenchmen died during the war; 720,000 British soldiers died, along with 61,000 Canadian, 60,000 Australian and", "title": "World War I memorials" } ]	where did most of the fighting take place in ww1
[ "8 March 2018" ]	[ { "id": "8895207", "text": "December 2016, it was announced that the show had been re-commissioned for a ninth and tenth series. Series 9 began on 8 March 2018. A live Christmas-based episode will be broadcast on BBC One on 21 December 2018. The series focuses on Lee Mack, who plays a fictional version of himself: an unambitious man in his late thirties living as a lodger in a flat in the London Docklands. Originally from Chorley, Lancashire (which is approximately 20 miles from Southport, Mack's real-life birthplace), Lee is a negligent, unmotivated layabout. Frequently between jobs, he spends most of his days on his", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895206", "text": "comprising ten episodes began airing on 17 October 2014 and ended with a Christmas special on 24 December. A further Christmas special, which was shot at West London Film Studios, was aired on 24 December 2015. On 24 August 2016, it was confirmed that \"Not Going Out\" would return for an eighth series, which began airing on 13 January 2017 and ended on 3 March 2017. On 14 November 2017, it was confirmed that a Christmas Special will air in 2017. On 4 December 2017, it was confirmed that the Christmas Special will air on 24 December 2017. On 14", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895232", "text": "viewers. On 14 November 2017, it was confirmed that a Christmas Special will air in 2017. The episode will feature Lee and Lucy facing a possible yuletide disaster when they discover the perfect present they have bought for their children has already been bought by grandparents. On 4 December 2017, it was confirmed that the Christmas Special will air on 24 December 2017. At a press screening event for Series 8 on 14 December 2016, it was confirmed that a ninth and tenth series of \"Not Going Out\" had been ordered by the BBC. The ninth series of \"Not Going", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895216", "text": "after his son). The 2015 Christmas special was filmed on location in Wimbledon, mainly in St George's car park, and was screened in London to record the laugh track. After Teddington Studios closed, series 8 was filmed at Elstree Studios and series 9 was filmed at Pinewood Studios. The show is filmed in HDTV and, since series 4, airs simultaneously on BBC One HD. Previous to this, the show was not simulcast on BBC HD, but shown on BBC HD 30 minutes after the BBC One airing. A lot of the humour is based on word play and double entendres", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895233", "text": "Out\" began on 8 March 2018. In Series 9, two episodes were classically farcical: in Stolen, Lee and Lucy, having broken into their best friends' house, are forced to hide under their bed when their friends return unexpectedly early - and head straight for the bedroom; in Pants on Fire, lies build upon lies, and embarrassment soars to a crescendo. In Pets and Lollipop Man, they deal with common parents' dilemmas, and in Home Improvements and Escape Room they interact more with their parents - with, naturally, disastrous consequences. In Bust Up, Lucy contemplates having breast augmentation. Although filmed and", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895231", "text": "all in the security room and Lee had a showdown with the armed robber, the episode ended with Lucy giving birth to the couple's first child. On 24 August 2016, it was confirmed that there would be an eighth series in 2017. It is set seven years after the events of the 2015 Christmas special and shows how Lee and Lucy cope being parents to three young children. The series began airing on 13 January 2017, and ended on 3 March 2017. \"Not Going Out\" reached its highest ever audience in the opening episode, with a total of 5.52 million", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895205", "text": "only actor to appear in every episode. The show was cancelled by the BBC in 2009, whilst the third series was still airing, but the decision was later reversed due to a combination of strong DVD sales and an online petition. This led to the show receiving a renewal for a fourth series which aired from 6 January 2011. A fifth series began airing on 13 April 2012 and ended on 18 May 2012. A sixth series began airing on 5 April 2013 and ended on 31 May 2013, with a Christmas special following later that year. A seventh series", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895229", "text": "and Richard Osman make appearances throughout the episode. In Episode 9, Lee finally reveals his love for Lucy and asks her to marry him. Episode 10 features their wedding day and a guest appearance from Tim Vine, and a cameo appearance by Tommy Cannon. An outtakes episode aired 27 December 2014. Hosted by Lee Mack, Sally Bretton and Katy Wix. Lee Mack announced on \"\" that there would be a Christmas Special in 2015 and possibly another series in 2016. Talking to \"BBC News\", Mack gave an outline of the special; it follows on from the marriage of Lucy and", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895204", "text": "Not Going Out Not Going Out is a British television sitcom that has aired on BBC One since 2006, currently starring Lee Mack, Sally Bretton, Finley Southby, Max Pattison and Francesca Newman. The series has previously starred Megan Dodds, Miranda Hart, Tim Vine and Katy Wix. The recurring cast currently includes Geoffrey Whitehead, Deborah Grant, Bobby Ball, Hugh Dennis and Abigail Cruttenden. Mack and Andrew Collins were the initial writers for the show, with Paul Kerensa, Simon Evans and Daniel Peak joining the writing staff in later series. Mack is the last remaining actor from the original cast, and the", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895226", "text": "series finishes with a near death experience for Lee, who later organises a date with Lucy. The fifth series, consisting of six episodes, was filmed between November and 22 December 2011 and aired on BBC One from 13 April 2012. A short Children in Need special featuring Sir Terry Wogan followed later in 2012. The sixth series began airing on 5 April and ended on 31 May 2013. This was the first series since the departure of Tim. In this series Lucy accidentally kills two rabbits, Lee, Lucy and Daisy end up stuck in a ski lift with a heavily", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895227", "text": "pregnant woman, Lee is stalked, Lucy and Lee host a children's party, and the main characters find themselves in another of Frank's schemes as he a deliberately sinks a boat for insurance purposes. A Christmas special aired on 24 December 2013, with Mack's real-life son making a cameo appearance as a ghost. On 5 April 2013, whilst promoting the sixth series of \"Not Going Out\" on \"The One Show\", Lee Mack confirmed that a seventh series had been commissioned. Filming for this series began 23 May 2014, and later finished on 25 July 2014. The seventh series aired from 17", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895228", "text": "October 2014 to 24 December 2014 and consisted of ten episodes, making it the longest series to date. Lee Mack, Sally Bretton, Katy Wix, Bobby Ball, Geoffrey Whitehead and Deborah Grant all reprise their roles as Lee, Lucy, Daisy, Frank, Geoffrey and Wendy respectively, whilst Hugh Dennis and Abigail Cruttenden join the cast as new neighbours Toby and Anna who soon struggle to share a building with Lee and Lucy. Lee and Lucy are mugged, attend a dinner party and try to conceive a baby together. In episode 5, they go on the BBC game show, Pointless. Hosts Alexander Armstrong", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895234", "text": "broadcast in HD, no Blu-rays have been released to date. All episodes up to the end of Series 4 feature different video post-production to the broadcast versions, giving them a US-style 'filmlook' effect, however this was dropped from the Series 5 DVD onwards. The episodes \"Movie\" and \"Drunk\" are slightly extended for DVD, featuring shots and lines cut or censored for their original BBC One transmission. Some music tracks are replaced by soundalikes for release. Not Going Out Not Going Out is a British television sitcom that has aired on BBC One since 2006, currently starring Lee Mack, Sally Bretton,", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "7512067", "text": "in comedian Tracey Ullman's BBC One sketch comedy series, \"Tracey Ullman's Show\" and \"Tracey Breaks the News\". In 2018 Skinner appeared in the second episode of series 9 of \"Not Going Out\" as a mad man hell bent on revenge. Skinner appeared as Angelos Epithemiou on series 6 of \"Shooting Stars\" as a permanent member of Team B, replacing Johnny Vegas. In series 7 and 8, he replaced George Dawes as the score keeper. The character's signature tune is \"Drop the Pressure (Jack Beats 'Rinsed Out Rave' Remix)\" by Project Bassline. He is (apparently) of Greek origin and resides in", "title": "Dan Renton Skinner" }, { "id": "8895224", "text": "mechanic so he can stay in the country however she realises that she's made a mistake and Lee gets Barbara to marry Pavlov instead, the last scene is of them driving off together for their honeymoon in India. Barbara is seen back in the flat, wanting to go off with Lee's dad, Frank, who is seen in the last episode, which was broadcast as a Christmas Special on 23 December 2009. Lucy and Lee kiss under the mistletoe. A fourth series of six episodes was filmed from late September to early November 2010. Miranda Hart did not return as Barbara,", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895219", "text": "on a single episode with Milton Jones amongst the additional writers of the show. In the original pilot of the series, which has not been aired, the part of Kate was played by Catherine Tate. However, due to the success of \"The Catherine Tate Show\", her character was re-written for the American actress Megan Dodds. The theme song is performed by Frank Sinatra impersonator Stephen Triffitt. The flat in which Lee and Kate/Lucy lived from 2006 to 2015 is No. 17. In a DVD commentary for the first series, it was mentioned that \"Number 17\" was originally considered as a", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "16298216", "text": "Charmed: Season 9 Charmed: Season 9 is a comic book series that was published monthly between June 2010 and October 2012 by Zenescope Entertainment, which owns the publishing rights to the \"Charmed\" comic book series. Written by Paul Ruditis and Raven Gregory, the series is an officially licensed continuation of the popular television series of the same name, which ended its eight-year run in 2006. \"Charmed: Season 9\" is set eighteen months after the events of the television show's final episode. The first issue was released on July 21, 2010 and made its premiere at San Diego Comic-Con International. The", "title": "Charmed: Season 9" }, { "id": "6282223", "text": "Hancock. However, it proved to be the show's final series. In 2007 he appeared on \"TV Heaven, Telly Hell\". His first sitcom \"Not Going Out\" for BBC One with Tim Vine (in which he plays Lee, the central character) premiered on 6 October 2006. The show has since returned for eight more series, the most recent airing in 2018. The show has won a Rose d'Or and RTS Award. Since 2007, Mack has been a team captain on the BBC One comedy panel show \"Would I Lie to You?\". He has also been guest host on \"Have I Got News", "title": "Lee Mack" }, { "id": "8895215", "text": "are in touch with Lucy's parents, Geoffrey and Wendy, and with Lee's feckless father, Frank. Most of each episode were shot on set in front of an audience at Teddington Studios. There are two main sets: the flat and the bar that Lee frequently visits. Outdoor shots and real indoor location shots have also been used on occasion. The fourth and fifth series were shot at the BBC Television Centre. The sixth and seventh series saw filming return to Teddington Studios. From Series 5 onwards, \"Not Going Out\" was produced in association with Lee Mack's own company, Arlo Productions (named", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "15520027", "text": "and ended on 22 February. For the first time, the show began airing on Mondays. In February 2016, during the airing of the eighth series, a ninth series was commissioned. Filming began on 14 March 2016 and ended on 14 July 2016. It began airing on 1 March 2017 and ended on 3 May. The news was confirmed by Pere Agullo - a spokesperson for Filming Spain, the local production company in Spain for Tiger Aspect Productions. The series will consist of 9 episodes. Sherrie Hewson (Joyce Temple-Savage), Jake Canuso (Mateo Castellanos) and Tim Healy (Les/Lesley Conroy) were the first", "title": "Benidorm (TV series)" }, { "id": "20855903", "text": "The Great British Bake Off (series 9) The ninth series of \"The Great British Bake Off\" began on 28 August 2018, with this being the second series to be broadcast on Channel 4. The series is presented by Noel Fielding and Sandi Toksvig, with judges Paul Hollywood and Prue Leith. The series was won by Rahul Mandal, with Kim-Joy Hewlett and Ruby Bhogal as the runners-up. Colour key: Breaking with tradition, this year the series kicked off with Biscuits week. For the first challenge of the series, the bakers were tasked to bake 24 regional biscuits that needed to be", "title": "The Great British Bake Off (series 9)" }, { "id": "8895214", "text": "marry him, and she agrees. They marry in the finale of Series 7. In the 2015 Christmas Special, Lucy gives birth to her and Lee's first child. In the eighth series, Lee and Lucy have been married for eight years (the series is set seven years after the 2015 Christmas Special), they have moved out of the flat and now live in a house in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey. They now have three children, seven-year-old Charlie and five-year old twins, Benji and Molly. Daisy is no longer in Lee and Lucy's lives, but the couple remain friends with Toby and Anna and", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895212", "text": "to impress Lucy continue well into the fifth series, when they both think they accidentally sleep together after drinking potato hooch. In the sixth series, after Tim Vine quit the series, Tim was written out of the show. In the opening dialogue of the series, it is explained that he has been given a work placement in Germany. Daisy continues her friendship with Lucy and Lee, and her naivety often gets them in trouble. With Tim's absence, Lee often finds himself listening to suggestions from Daisy on how to impress Lucy, and they include acting as a test subject for", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895221", "text": "with 23-year-old Emma) and he wants to repair their relationship. Lee is torn between pursuing his romantic feelings for Kate and remaining loyal to his increasingly paranoid best friend. Kate has gone back to America leaving Tim with a flat and lodger he cannot afford to keep. Tim's sister Lucy Adams, a head hunter recently back from ten years abroad, buys the flat and becomes the new landlady and flatmate to Lee. Tim also hires a cleaner, Barbara, to clean the flat. In \"Gay\", the series' second episode, 51-year-old Guy first appears and he soon becomes Lucy's boyfriend. Lee, now", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "5789134", "text": "2017 on MTV. The 10th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from November 30, 2017 to March 1, 2018 on MTV. The 11th season will consist of 22 episodes and premiered on March 15, 2018 on MTV, two weeks after the end of Season 10. The season resumed on July 12, 2018. The 12th season will consist of 26 episodes and premiered on August 17, 2018 on MTV. The 13th season had filmed in Atlanta from October 29 to November 11, 2018 and will air sometime in 2019 on MTV. Wild 'n Out Nick Cannon Presents:", "title": "Wild 'n Out" }, { "id": "20795867", "text": "season due to other commitments. The ninth season features nineteen series regulars overall. For this season, Katelyn Nacon and Tom Payne were added to the opening credits, along with Khary Payton as of the season's sixth episode, after previously being credited as \"also starring\". Callan McAuliffe and Avi Nash were promoted to series regular status, after previously having recurring roles. Samantha Morton enters the secondary cast as Alpha, the leader of the Whisperers, who will be the main antagonist of this season. This will be the first season not to include Chandler Riggs and Steven Ogg (since their first appearance", "title": "The Walking Dead (season 9)" }, { "id": "8895225", "text": "as filming of the second series of her own sitcom \"Miranda\" was also taking place. The series began airing on 6 January 2011. The series sees Lee and Tim thrown into a drugs deal after Tim accidentally takes someone else's coat in a nightclub, Lee and Tim discovering that either one of them could have a long-lost daughter, Lee accidentally agreeing to let a porn film be shot in his and Lucy's flat, Lee having to organise a fireworks display and return an elderly woman to her son, and Tim and Lucy's parents' rough patch in their 40-year marriage. The", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "7467336", "text": "Sally Bretton Sally Bretton (born Sally Davis) is an English actress. She is best known for appearing as Lucy Adams in the television sitcom \"Not Going Out\" since 2007, and as Martha Lloyd in the BBC1 crime drama \"Death in Paradise\", between 2015 and 2017. She has also been featured in programmes such as \"Absolute Power\", \"Green Wing\" and \"The Office\". In 2008, she played Goneril in Shakespeare's \"King Lear\" at Shakespeare's Globe. Bretton trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama, and worked as a drama teacher at Top Hat Stage and Screen School. She chose the professional", "title": "Sally Bretton" }, { "id": "1381300", "text": "in the BBC drama series \"Bedtime\". At Christmas 2007, he joined \"Not Going Out\" as Geoffrey Adams. He reprised this role in two episodes of series three; Geoffrey Whitehead played the role in later seasons. In 2011, he appeared alongside John Simm and Jim Broadbent in BBC series \"Exile\", written by BAFTA-winning Danny Brocklehurst. In February 2013, West joined the cast of ITV soap \"Coronation Street\", playing Eric Babbage. He joined the cast of \"EastEnders\" in 2013, playing Stan Carter from January 2014. He filmed his final scenes for \"EastEnders\" in February 2015. He was Artistic Director of the Forum", "title": "Timothy West" }, { "id": "8895211", "text": "Later on in the series, Tim forms a relationship with Daisy (Katy Wix), an incredibly dimwitted young woman. In the third series, Daisy became a regular character, with her and Barbara in the same daft league. Over the series, Lucy considers marrying an Eastern European refugee in a marriage of convenience until he marries Barbara instead. Later on, Lee's father returns to try to make amends with his son. In the midst of the fourth series, Lee continues his antics to impress Lucy. In the series finale, Lee gets hit by a car and falls into a coma. Lee's actions", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "8895209", "text": "of his dreams. In the first series, it is Kate (Megan Dodds), Lee's feisty American landlady, with whom he frequently has conflict but has an otherwise close relationship. Kate is Tim's ex-girlfriend, and he left her for a 23-year-old named Emma (whom Lee and Kate frequently suggest looked a lot younger), but he is single again after Emma left him. In the second series, after Megan Dodds left the show, Kate moves back to the United States. Lee's affections soon turn to Tim's sister, Lucy (Sally Bretton), who is a decade younger than Tim and buys the flat after having", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "20819465", "text": "Shameless (season 9) The ninth season of \"Shameless\", an American comedy-drama television series based on the British series of the same name by Paul Abbott, was announced on November 8, 2017, following the season 8 premiere. The season premiered on September 9, 2018, and will consist of a total of 14 episodes. After the seventh episode, the season will be on hiatus until January 20, 2019. The 100th episode of the series will air this season. On August 30, 2018, Emmy Rossum announced that she would leave the series following the ninth season. On October 7, 2018, Cameron Monaghan announced", "title": "Shameless (season 9)" }, { "id": "7467337", "text": "name Bretton as a Sally Davis was already registered with actors' union Equity. Bretton has three daughters with her husband, Lee, a photographer. She grew up in a small town in Hertfordshire and as of 2015 resides near Hitchin, Hertfordshire. Guest Sally Bretton Sally Bretton (born Sally Davis) is an English actress. She is best known for appearing as Lucy Adams in the television sitcom \"Not Going Out\" since 2007, and as Martha Lloyd in the BBC1 crime drama \"Death in Paradise\", between 2015 and 2017. She has also been featured in programmes such as \"Absolute Power\", \"Green Wing\" and", "title": "Sally Bretton" }, { "id": "20081670", "text": "auditionee from the eighth series who failed to reach the auditions when he was hospitalized with brain damage after a run-in with a car thief. The series featured other previous auditionees: Pia Gava, Benita Orwell and Eloise Praino. MasterChef Australia (series 9) The ninth series of MasterChef Australia premiered on 1 May 2017 on Network Ten. Judges Gary Mehigan, George Calombaris and Matt Preston from the previous series returned. This series was won by Diana Chan in the grand finale against Ben Ungermann, on 24 July 2017. This series introduced the \"Power Pin\" in the seventh week. The pin grants", "title": "MasterChef Australia (series 9)" }, { "id": "5829852", "text": "Deborah Grant Deborah Grant (born 22 February 1947) is an English actress. Born as Deborah Jane Snelling, she trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama and appeared on stage at the Bristol Old Vic and in the West End of London. She has had a successful television acting career. Since 2007, she has appeared on and off in the sitcom \"Not Going Out\", as the mother of Tim (Tim Vine) and Lucy (Sally Bretton). She has been married twice, including to the actor Jeremy Child by whom she has a daughter. Public Eye (TV series) 1969 episode, 'A", "title": "Deborah Grant" }, { "id": "8895220", "text": "title for the series, before the name \"Not Going Out\" was decided on. – Current main characters<br> – Current recurring characters Lee is a juvenile and lazy slacker, who goes from one job to another, living off the good graces of his Californian landlady Kate (Megan Dodds), with whom he shares a flat in London. It is not long before they find that their friendship is changing into something more. The situation is somewhat complicated by the fact that Lee's best friend Timothy Gladstone Adams, an accountant from Henley, is Kate's ex-boyfriend (they broke up when he cheated on her", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "17821913", "text": "\"Séance Time\" began with the idea of a séance, an idea the writers had wanted to explore for some time. A third series began broadcasting in February 2017, with a Christmas special, \"The Devil of Christmas\", airing on 27 December 2016. Settings for the third series include an art gallery, a restaurant and an alpine cabin, while guest stars include Keeley Hawes, Jessica Raine, Felicity Kendal, Tamzin Outhwaite, Fiona Shaw, Jason Watkins, Mathew Baynton, Rula Lenska, Philip Glenister, Sarah Hadland, Javone Prince, Montserrat Lombard, Morgana Robinson, and Alexandra Roach. A fourth series was confirmed after the airing of \"The Devil", "title": "Inside No. 9" }, { "id": "10718134", "text": "decorating consulting business and less on flipping houses, though in season four he considered moving back into flipping small projects on the side. \"Flipping Out\" was renewed for a seventh season that premiered on March 5, 2014. On January 15, 2015, Bravo renewed the show for an eighth season. The show was subsequently renewed for a ninth season, which premiered on July 13, 2016. Bravo renewed the series for a tenth season which premiered on August 17, 2017. In April 2018, the show was renewed for an eleventh season. Internationally, the series airs in Canada on Slice, in Australia on", "title": "Flipping Out" }, { "id": "18832363", "text": "Like the previous season, the first six episodes of the ninth season aired on a different night due to to \"Thursday Night Football\" games. In May 2015, CBS announced at its annual upfront presentation, that the series would begin its ninth season on Mondays, before returning to the Thursday slot once the football games ended. Filming for the ninth season began on August 5, 2015, according to posts on Twitter by several of the cast members including Melissa Rauch and Kunal Nayyar. Laurie Metcalf reprised her role as Sheldon's mother Mary in episodes 1 and 24, and Keith Carradine returned", "title": "The Big Bang Theory (season 9)" }, { "id": "5364623", "text": "second stage show was to run for ten nights beginning 4 February 2017, but in October 2016, a further five performances were added. Unlike the previous live show, this show was not televised or recorded in any other way. On 16 March 2017, it was announced that an eighth series has been commissioned to air on BBC One with plans to broadcast towards the end of 2017. The series was pushed back to start on 8 March 2018. Before the start of the eighth series, Hemphill revealed that he and Kiernan were about to start writing the ninth series and", "title": "Still Game" }, { "id": "8895223", "text": "6, Lee meets a woman called Daisy at speed dating, who later appeared to fall for Tim. Although at the time it seems that she will be a one-time character, she reappears in the Christmas special as Tim's girlfriend and returns in Series Three. The third series sees Lee trying to pursue Lucy, usually encouraged by Barbara he invariably ends up making things worse for himself. We also witness Lucy questioning her sexuality, which worries Lee. Tim's girlfriend Daisy also becomes more of a fixture in series three. In the last episode Lucy is about to marry Pavlov Petrietskivadorski the", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "9865941", "text": "Jennifer Baxter Jennifer Baxter (born 1976) is a Canadian actress and comedian formerly based out of Toronto and currently living in Los Angeles with her husband Mike Beaver. Her best-known roles include Number 9 in George A. Romero's \"Land of the Dead\", Wanda on \"The Eleventh Hour\", and lawyer Robin Howland on \"Billable Hours\". She is also a well recognized face in a multitude of television commercials in Canada. She portrayed Kelly Pitts in the pilot episode of \"The Game\", though the role was later recast with Brittany Daniel. The CW Television Network did not provide a reason for the", "title": "Jennifer Baxter" }, { "id": "16298236", "text": "the Grimoire, she is now the conduit that holds the realms together. She is the caretaker of the connection and can never leave the Nexus. Cole is her messenger. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The issues are collected into trade paperback by Zenescope Entertainment after each story arc is complete. Charmed: Season 9 Charmed: Season 9 is a comic book series that was published monthly between June 2010 and October 2012 by Zenescope Entertainment, which owns the publishing rights to the \"Charmed\" comic book series. Written by Paul Ruditis and Raven Gregory, the series is an officially licensed continuation of the popular television series", "title": "Charmed: Season 9" }, { "id": "10813976", "text": "Abigail Cruttenden Abigail Lucy Cruttenden (born 23 March 1968) is an English actress. Cruttenden played opposite Sean Bean as his character's onscreen wife Jane in several episodes of the TV series \"Sharpe.\" She has appeared in the sitcom \"Not Going Out\" as Anna since 2014. Cruttenden lives in East Sheen, southwest London. She married actor Sean Bean in 1997 and had a daughter, Evie. Three months later the couple started divorce proceedings; they divorced in 2000. In 2003, she married Jonathan Fraser. They have a child, Merle. Her grandmother, Cynthia Coatts, ran the Rosslyn School of Dance and Drama in", "title": "Abigail Cruttenden" }, { "id": "10409878", "text": "Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th", "title": "2007 New York Dragons season" }, { "id": "13191376", "text": "Katy Wix Katy Wix (born 28 February 1980) is a Welsh actress and comedian. She is best known for her television roles as Daisy in \"Not Going Out\", Mary Fawn in \"Fried\", and Gemma Simpson in \"Agatha Raisin\". She has also appeared in \"Rush Hour\" and \"Miranda\". Wix was born in Cardiff and attended the University of Warwick before going on to the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama. In 2007, she joined the cast of sitcom \"Not Going Out\" as recurring character Daisy and then went on to be a regular from Series 3 until her final appearance", "title": "Katy Wix" }, { "id": "551481", "text": "early 2010s saw a major resurgence in traditional-style sitcoms filmed in front of a studio audience and featuring a laughter track, such as \"Not Going Out\", \"Miranda\", \"Reggie Perrin\" (a remake of the 1970s series \"The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin\"), \"Big Top\", \"Mrs Brown's Boys \"and \"In with the Flynns\". ITV also revisited sitcoms upon their rebranding in 2013. Birds of a Feather returned with another series over a decade after its conclusion and received critical acclaim. Focus on sitcoms has since been redirected to a channel that is part of the ITV network - ITV2, which frequently", "title": "British sitcom" }, { "id": "8895230", "text": "Lee in \"The Wedding\", the most recent episode, and involved a gun. Mack also announced that the special would not be filmed before a studio audience, unlike past episodes, and that he had written its first scenes. The Christmas special aired on 24 December 2015, where the regular cast were involved in an armed robbery in a department store. Frank was working as an elf in the Christmas department, when Lee, Lucy and Daisy were with Toby and Anna who had sent their son away over Christmas. The two security guards were attacked by the armed robber who locked them", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "20081669", "text": "MasterChef Australia (series 9) The ninth series of MasterChef Australia premiered on 1 May 2017 on Network Ten. Judges Gary Mehigan, George Calombaris and Matt Preston from the previous series returned. This series was won by Diana Chan in the grand finale against Ben Ungermann, on 24 July 2017. This series introduced the \"Power Pin\" in the seventh week. The pin grants the wearer an extra 15 minutes cooking time in the challenge the user chooses to use the pin until the finals. The Top 24 contestants were announced on 1–3 May 2017. Chosen contestant Josh Clearihan was a previous", "title": "MasterChef Australia (series 9)" }, { "id": "20814470", "text": "Ex on the Beach (series 9) The ninth series of \"Ex on the Beach\", a British television programme began on 15 August 2018, The series was confirmed at the end of the eighth series final episode in May 2018. The cast members for this series were confirmed on 23 July 2018, and features former \"Made in Chelsea\" cast member Daisy Robins, as well as \"The Valleys\" star Natalee Harris. The series was filmed in Tulum, Mexico at the luxury villa Playaakun. This series it was revealed that the exes would have more power than ever before, as the \"Tablet of", "title": "Ex on the Beach (series 9)" }, { "id": "17821921", "text": "lawyers or journalists...\". The second series was released on DVD on 4 May 2015. A review in the \"Leicester Mercury\" awarded it four out of five stars. The advent of Series 3 saw Series 1&2 released on Blu-ray on 13 February 2017. Series 3 has a 27 March 2017 release on DVD and Blu-ray. Many critics responded very positively to \"Inside No. 9\". After the final episode of the first series, the comedic critic Bruce Dessau said on his website that it had \"really set an early benchmark to beat for comedy of the year. It has been consistently compelling", "title": "Inside No. 9" }, { "id": "7084802", "text": "Steve Pemberton who also plays Mick Garvey. It was created for ITV in 2007. The series was re-commissioned for 2018. Series 10 began airing on the 28th of February with the weekly air date being on Wednesday night. The show has won several awards for Best Comedy. Litten has appeared in \"Benidorm\" several times as different characters. His most recent is 'Elvis', chauffeur for Crystal Hennesy-Vass (played by Joan Collins), CEO of Solana Hotel Groups. He wrote an episode of \"Not Going Out\", and is also the credited writer of an episode of the \"Only Fools and Horses\" spin-off \"Green", "title": "Derren Litten" }, { "id": "8895217", "text": "delivered in a deadpan manner. This is the comedy style Lee Mack and Tim Vine have used both in stand-up and in \"The Sketch Show\", to the extent that an occasional one-liner from their solo performances is slipped in. This is mostly one sided with Kate/Lucy typically being the victims of the joke. Sight gags are also frequently used, while gags and witticisms are incorporated into almost every line of script. For the first series, episodes were written by Mack and Andrew Collins, with members of the cast credited for additional material. Because the eight episodes of the second season", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "14786399", "text": "And Then There Were Fewer \"And Then There Were Fewer\" is the hour-long premiere of the ninth season of the American animated television series \"Family Guy\". This and most of the season 9 episodes were produced for the eighth season. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on September 26, 2010. The episode follows the citizens of Quahog after they are invited by actor James Woods to his stately mansion on a remote island. While there, a series of murders occurs, and the group struggles to determine who committed the mysterious acts, before ultimately attempting to escape from", "title": "And Then There Were Fewer" }, { "id": "9865942", "text": "casting change. Jennifer Baxter Jennifer Baxter (born 1976) is a Canadian actress and comedian formerly based out of Toronto and currently living in Los Angeles with her husband Mike Beaver. Her best-known roles include Number 9 in George A. Romero's \"Land of the Dead\", Wanda on \"The Eleventh Hour\", and lawyer Robin Howland on \"Billable Hours\". She is also a well recognized face in a multitude of television commercials in Canada. She portrayed Kelly Pitts in the pilot episode of \"The Game\", though the role was later recast with Brittany Daniel. The CW Television Network did not provide a reason", "title": "Jennifer Baxter" }, { "id": "13159096", "text": "the series, and included guest appearances from John Barrowman and David Haig. The series was once again produced by Rude Boy Productions, a company that produces comedies created by Fred Barron. The series was filmed at Pinewood Studios in London, in front of a live audience. The series was given a new, Thursday evening prime-time slot, with the opening episode airing at 8:30pm, with all the following episodes airing at 8:30. To celebrate the 100th episode of \"My Family\", the fourth and fifth episodes were aired as a double-bill in a Sunday evening prime-time slot. The opening episode of the", "title": "My Family (series 9)" }, { "id": "13669302", "text": "most gifted comic actresses at work today. She then later guest starred in close friends' Tate and Mack's TV shows, \"The Catherine Tate Show\" (all 3 series) and \"Not Going Out\". She has appeared in the latter four times, each time playing a different guest role. She has also been in \"Miranda\" (written by and starring Miranda Hart) and latterly 'The Bill'. Angela McHale Angela McHale (born 1972 in London, England) is an English actress and comedian, particularly well known for her variety of British television roles including roles in \"Not Going Out\", \"The Catherine Tate Show\" and \"Grange Hill\".", "title": "Angela McHale" }, { "id": "12467659", "text": "stand up appearance will be on 7 December 2019. Stewart starred as a series regular on \"An American in Canada\" and also acted in \"Kevin Hill\". In 2007, he appeared in an episode of the BBC sitcom \"Not Going Out\" as Hilary Allison. (The producers said in an interview that he had been considered for the part of recurring character Guy, but rejected because he was too young and given this role instead.) He also made a brief appearance in \"The Omid Djalili Show\". Stewart has written for \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\", \"The Gemini Awards\" and \"Puppets Who", "title": "Stewart Francis" }, { "id": "14786420", "text": "normally interact, writing, \"We never thought we'd see Jillian's boyfriend Derek hanging out with Seamus the sea captain.\" He expressed his shock at the death of characters such as Muriel Goldman and Diane Simmons and noted, \"That's one way to cut some dead wood.\" And Then There Were Fewer \"And Then There Were Fewer\" is the hour-long premiere of the ninth season of the American animated television series \"Family Guy\". This and most of the season 9 episodes were produced for the eighth season. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on September 26, 2010. The episode follows", "title": "And Then There Were Fewer" }, { "id": "20795879", "text": "20, 2018. The ninth season premiered on October 7, 2018, and the episode was made available a day early via AMC Premiere, the network's on-demand service. Critical reception for the ninth season of \"The Walking Dead\" has been positive, with critics noting its improvement over the two previous seasons, but remain cautious if the series can maintain its improved quality for the entire season. On Rotten Tomatoes, the season holds a score of 93% with an average rating of 7.03 out of 10, based on 12 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads, \"Nine seasons in, \"The Walking Dead\" feels more", "title": "The Walking Dead (season 9)" }, { "id": "7658775", "text": "Robert Moloney. Recurring cast members include Robyn Moore as Jorjie's mother June Turner, and Connor Van Vuuren as Drake. The first episode aired as a sneak preview of the series on Halloween 2009 on satellite channel Disney XD in the UK & Ireland. The full series later aired on Network Ten in Australia, Disney XD in the UK & Ireland, Scandinavia, Poland, Italy and The Netherlands; and Disney Channel CEE in Bulgaria, Romania, Moldava, Slovakia, Hungary and The Czech Republic. It was subsequently syndicated around the globe, including on Channel 5 in the UK and on Cartoon Network in New", "title": "K-9 (TV series)" }, { "id": "8895210", "text": "spent ten years living in Switzerland, much to Tim's annoyance. Lucy shares Kate's feisty nature and quick wit, and her interaction with Lee is very similar. Although his frequent laziness annoys her, Lucy appears to enjoy Lee's presence in the flat, largely because of his company and his willingness to help her out of an awkward situation. Tim soon finds himself drawn into Lee's many schemes to impress Lucy, most of which backfire, fail to impress her or land them in trouble. Very often, Lee finds himself confiding in his friend, Barbara (Miranda Hart), the cleaner, about his many problems.", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "5156093", "text": "again in the first series of \"House of Fools\" as Martin the ghost and in the Christmas special as Santa. He made two guest appearances in Jeremy Dyson's \"Psychobitches\" as Old Mother Shipton in series one and Princess Margaret in series two. Also in 2013, he starred in Ben Wheatley's \"A Field In England\" as Whitehead and appeared in \"The World's End\". In 2014, Shearsmith and Pemberton returned to BBC2 with a new dark comedy series called \"Inside No. 9\". Each episode of the anthology series takes place in a different 'No. 9' location. Shearsmith and Pemberton play various characters", "title": "Reece Shearsmith" }, { "id": "5276698", "text": "Gentlemen\" cohort Mark Gatiss. It was broadcast during Christmas 2014. Since 2014, he has starred as various characters in the dark comedy anthology series \"Inside No. 9\", which he co-created with Shearsmith, airing on BBC Two. A second series aired in 2015 and a third in 2017. A fourth series is currently airing on BBC Two (January 2018). Pemberton reunited with his \"The League of Gentlemen\" colleagues in 2017 for three special episodes, transmitted in December 2017 on BBC2. Pemberton appears as himself in the 2018 short film To Trend on Twitter in aid of young people with cancer charity", "title": "Steve Pemberton" }, { "id": "19977170", "text": "Will & Grace (season 9) The ninth season of the American comedy series \"Will & Grace\" premiered on September 28, 2017. It comprised 16 episodes, and is the first of three planned reunion seasons following the series' eighth season in 2006. The season concluded on April 5, 2018. In January 2017, NBC announced that \"Will & Grace\" would return for a 12-episode limited series during the 2017–18 season. At the time of the announcement, all four principal cast members (Debra Messing, Eric McCormack, Sean Hayes and Megan Mullally) had already confirmed their return to the revival. An additional four episodes", "title": "Will & Grace (season 9)" }, { "id": "20795865", "text": "The Walking Dead (season 9) The ninth season of \"The Walking Dead\", an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC premiered on October 7, 2018, and will consist of 16 episodes, split into two parts, each consisting of eight episodes. The second part of the season is scheduled to premiere on February 10, 2019. Developed for television by Frank Darabont, the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Scott M. Gimple, Angela Kang, Greg Nicotero, Tom Luse, Denise Huth, and Gale Anne", "title": "The Walking Dead (season 9)" }, { "id": "10409701", "text": "3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter:", "title": "2007 Orlando Predators season" }, { "id": "3983280", "text": "from 2005-2006. From 2005 - 2008, he played Lenny in the BBC series \"Last of the Summer Wine\". In 2009, Ball starred in the comedy \"The Fattest Man in Britain\" playing Morris Morrissey. Since 2009, Ball has played Frank in the long-running BBC One Sitcom \"Not Going Out\", he first made a guest appearance in the 2009 and two further guest appearance in 2011 (Series 4) and 2012 (Series 5), but since became a recurring fixture from series 6 onwards appearing in roughly three episodes per series, he also was a main character in the 2015 Christmas special. He returned", "title": "Bobby Ball" }, { "id": "20855915", "text": "final of 7.7 million and the lowest since 2012. The ratings below are cumulative figures over longer periods, and they include multiple-screen viewing figures (on TV, computer, tablet and smartphone), the first year this system was implemented, and the figures are therefore slightly higher than it would have been without the multiple-screen viewing figures. The Great British Bake Off (series 9) The ninth series of \"The Great British Bake Off\" began on 28 August 2018, with this being the second series to be broadcast on Channel 4. The series is presented by Noel Fielding and Sandi Toksvig, with judges Paul", "title": "The Great British Bake Off (series 9)" }, { "id": "5364613", "text": "first two series were later broadcast throughout the UK on BBC Two from January - February 2004. From the fourth series, \"Still Game\" was broadcast across the UK on BBC Two. With the seventh series in 2016, the programme began to be broadcast on BBC One on a nationwide basis. An eighth series has been filmed, which started airing on 8 March 2018 on BBC One. It was announced on 13 July 2018 that a ninth and final series will be produced later in the year which will see the characters go into \"comedy retirement\". The last day of production", "title": "Still Game" }, { "id": "5789133", "text": "to February 4, 2015 on MTV2. The 7th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from June 10, 2015 to January 6, 2016 on MTV2. There are also stand up specials after the episodes in this season are finished. The 8th season contains a total of 21 episodes which were broadcast from August 4, 2016 to April 20, 2017 on MTV, marking the first time in almost a decade that the show aired new episodes on its original network. The 9th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from June 29 to October 5,", "title": "Wild 'n Out" }, { "id": "10416126", "text": "Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance:", "title": "2007 Utah Blaze season" }, { "id": "19977172", "text": "based on 27 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". Will & Grace (season 9) The ninth season of the American comedy series \"Will & Grace\" premiered on September 28, 2017. It comprised 16 episodes, and is the first of three planned reunion seasons following the series' eighth season in 2006. The season concluded on April 5, 2018. In January 2017, NBC announced that \"Will & Grace\" would return for a 12-episode limited series during the 2017–18 season. At the time of the announcement, all four principal cast members (Debra Messing, Eric McCormack, Sean Hayes and Megan Mullally) had already confirmed their", "title": "Will & Grace (season 9)" }, { "id": "8895213", "text": "her Psychology course, which leads to Lee finding out that he was unplanned and held responsible for the breakdown in his parents' marriage, and getting a girlfriend, who develops a \"Fatal Attraction\"-esque crush on him. He comes close to admitting his feelings to Lucy several times over the course of the series, particularly at the end of \"Therapy\" and \"Play\", but although she is receptive, he changes his mind each time. In the seventh series, however, neighbour Toby lies to him, saying Lucy has had a date, after which Lee tells Lucy that he loves her and asks Lucy to", "title": "Not Going Out" }, { "id": "3516814", "text": "High and Unemployed, which toured across the United States, and appeared in the \"Archer\" episode \"The Limited.\" Tremblay reunited with the \"Trailer Park Boys\" for an eighth and ninth season of the show which premiered on Netflix from September 5, 2014. Writing for seasons 10 & 11 began in January 2015. Filming began for season 10 in June 2015. Season 10 of the show was released March 28, 2016, the eleventh on March 31, 2017, and the twelfth and most recent season was released on March 30, 2018. John Paul Tremblay John Paul Tremblay (born 1968) is a Canadian actor", "title": "John Paul Tremblay" }, { "id": "9113542", "text": "Megan Dodds Megan Lynne Dodds (born February 15, 1970) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her role as Kate in the 2006 series \"Not Going Out\", alongside Lee Mack and Tim Vine. Based in the United Kingdom, her other notable works include multi-episode appearances in the series \"Spooks\", \"House\", \"Detroit 1-8-7\", and \"\", and roles in the films \"Ever After\", \"The Contract\", and \"Chatroom\". Dodds' stage work includes having played the title role in the stage production \"My Name is Rachel Corrie\" (2006), which won the London Theatregoers' Choice Award for Best Actress in that year.", "title": "Megan Dodds" }, { "id": "17226476", "text": "finale, but was pre-empted by coverage of the Orlando nightclub shooting. Season 9 was broadcast from April to July 2017. The final two episodes were delayed one week when coverage of the attack near the Finsbury Park mosque pre-empted the June 18, 2017 broadcast. Season 10 premiered on October 1, 2017. In the premiere, Bourdain traveled to Singapore. Other locations include the French Alps, Lagos, Pittsburgh, Sri Lanka, Puerto Rico, Seattle, and Southern Italy. On November 12, 2017, the show was pre-empted when Bourdain presented his documentary \"Jeremiah Tower, The Last Magnificent\", exploring America's first celebrity chef. Season 11 premiered", "title": "Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown" }, { "id": "10411020", "text": "Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd", "title": "2007 Nashville Kats season" }, { "id": "16531011", "text": "four crash survivors and Torres to purchase the hospital. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) marries her partner Ben Warren (Jason George), April Kepner (Sarah Drew) returns home to Ohio, but is brought back by Hunt to rejoin the hospital and she restarts her relationship with Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams). The season ended with an average of 12.51 million viewers and ranked no. 26 which was higher than the previous two seasons and in the 18-49 key demographic ranked at no. 10. Ellen Pompeo won the Favorite TV Drama Actress at the 39th People's Choice Awards and the show itself won the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "17651146", "text": "chess prodigy and UK British Chess Champion, winning the U8 and U9 events at the 1992 British Junior Chess Championships in Plymouth and secured a place to play against world champion Garry Kasparov at a simultaneous tournament at Simpsons-In-The-Strand. Siobhan O'Neill Siobhan O'Neill is an English actress and musician born in Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire. She is notable for her work in television, including \"\", TV sitcom \"Him and Her\", TV sitcom \"Not Going Out\" starring Lee Mack and BBC TV medical series \"Holby City\". Siobhan O'Neill is also the drummer for all-sister rock band Kyneska (formerly Emerald Sky). She has recently", "title": "Siobhan O'Neill" }, { "id": "16298218", "text": "magic. The series was generally well received. One volume made \"The New York Times\" Best Seller list in early 2011. Initially, only 12 issues were contracted by Zenescope but, due to the success of the first few issues, the contract was doubled to 24 issues. One story arc comprises between five and seven issues which are reprinted in graphic novel form. The first issue sold out of its initial 17,000 copies in the first three weeks, which prompted Zenescope to release a second printing in time for the release of Issue #2. Set eighteen-months after \"Forever Charmed\", the sisters have", "title": "Charmed: Season 9" }, { "id": "1450944", "text": "Common year starting on Monday A common year starting on Monday is any non-leap year (i.e., a year with 365 days) that begins on Monday, 1 January, and ends on Monday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is G. The current year, 2018, is a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar. The last such year was 2007 and the next such year will be 2029, or likewise, 2013 and 2019 in the obsolete Julian calendar. The century year, 1900, was also a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar. See below for more. Any common", "title": "Common year starting on Monday" }, { "id": "9113546", "text": "Times\". After a successful run in London's West End, the show eventually played to a sellout audience at the off-Broadway Minetta Lane Theatre in early 2006. Dodds has appeared in television shows such as \"Love in a Cold Climate\" (2001), the BBC series \"Spooks\" (in the U.S., \"MI-5\"; 2002-2004), and \"Viva Blackpool\". Dodds was a part of the first series cast of the BBC One sitcom, \"Not Going Out\" in 2006 as Kate, the love interest of the lead character Lee Mack, leaving the show after the first series. Dodds portrayed a \"more conventionally beautiful\" Marguerite as stepsister to Cinderella", "title": "Megan Dodds" }, { "id": "10409773", "text": "Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd", "title": "2007 Dallas Desperados season" }, { "id": "7256462", "text": "\"In Melbourne Tonight\", as well as regular appearances on \"The Midday Show\", \"Good Morning Australia\", \"Beauty and the Beast\" and \"Who Dares Wins\" as well as the action series \"Gladiators\". Morris relocated to the United Kingdom in 2000. As well as stand-up, she made appearances on the TV quiz \"QI\", an episode of the sitcom \"Not Going Out\" playing a successful beautician, and in the sixth episode of season three of Kathy Griffin's \"My Life on the D-List\", offering advice on the British audiences. Morris also had a stint presenting the BBC's \"Liquid News\" show in 2002. Since her return", "title": "Julia Morris" }, { "id": "17786232", "text": "in the first production block. It was later announced that other guest actors featuring in the first block include Arsher Ali, Morven Christie, Neil Fingleton, Colin McFarlane, and Steven Robertson. Jemma Redgrave returned in the recurring role of Kate Lethbridge-Stewart. Kelly Hunter was also confirmed to be appearing in the opening story, alongside Jaye Griffiths and Clare Higgins. Hunter previously appeared as the Shadow Architect for the Shadow Proclamation in \"The Stolen Earth\", while Higgins appeared in \"The Night of the Doctor\" as Ohila, High Priestess of the Sisterhood of Karn. It was announced on 8 May 2015 that Ingrid", "title": "Doctor Who (series 9)" }, { "id": "19891040", "text": "in Germany, the series had its world premiere in Australia on Universal Channel on 13 November 2017. In France, the series premiered on TF1, beginning on 23 January 2018 and ending on 27 February 2018. In Germany, the series aired on VOX a day after the French broadcast. In the United Kingdom, the series premiered on Universal Channel on 19 March 2018. In the U.S., the series is set to be shown on WGN America, which acquired the rights to the series in June 2018, in early 2019. Kit \"Kick\" Lannigan survives a childhood abduction and is rescued by FBI", "title": "Gone (TV series)" }, { "id": "18263082", "text": "Just Do Nothing\", both consisting of six 30-minute episodes. The BBC confirmed Series 3 & 4 would initially be available on the new online BBC Three and later screened on BBC Two. Episode one of series three premiered on BBC iPlayer on 17 August 2016. Episodes of series three were released weekly on iPlayer and then broadcast the following week on BBC Two. Series four began on iPlayer on 15 August 2017, and was also broadcast on BBC One on Saturday evenings. In Australia, the series premiered on 12 August 2015 on Channel [V]. In the US, the show premiered", "title": "People Just Do Nothing" }, { "id": "18762402", "text": "September 27, 2015. The series debuted in Canada on CTV on the same day as its American premiere. The episodes, about 43 minutes in length, were broadcast in standard and high definition. In Australia, it premiered on the Seven Network on October 11, 2015. The series was acquired by Alibi in the United Kingdom. Season two premiered on September 25, 2016. After the mid-season finale, it moved to Mondays at 10:00 p.m. on January 23, 2017. The third season premiered on April 26, 2018. After the cancellation, it was announced that the network will air the remaining episodes of the", "title": "Quantico (TV series)" }, { "id": "20819466", "text": "that the sixth episode of the season would be his last one. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Shameless (season 9) The ninth season of \"Shameless\", an American comedy-drama television series based on the British series of the same name by Paul Abbott, was announced on November 8, 2017, following the season 8 premiere. The season premiered on September 9, 2018, and will consist of a total of 14 episodes. After the seventh episode, the season will be on hiatus until January 20, 2019. The 100th episode of the series will air this season. On August 30, 2018, Emmy Rossum announced that she would leave", "title": "Shameless (season 9)" }, { "id": "11754630", "text": "Blue Heelers (season 9) The ninth season of the Australian police-drama \"Blue Heelers\" premiered on the Seven Network on 13 February 2002 and aired on Wednesday nights at 8:30 pm. The 41-episode season concluded 20 November 2002. Main cast for this season consisted of: Notable guest actors this season included Ailsa Piper, Alan David Lee, John Orcsik, Leslie Dayman, Margot Knight, Justine Saunders, Jane Badler, Elspeth Ballantyne, Peter Sumner, Shaunna O'Grady, Kate Jason, Alethea McGrath, Marg Downey, Monica Maughan, Lois Collinder and Annie Jones. the show really started to decline around this season from its usual 2.5 million down to", "title": "Blue Heelers (season 9)" }, { "id": "11258681", "text": "shows airing Sundays at 8 p.m. (EST), Tuesdays 9 p.m., and Wednesdays 8 p.m. The live eviction show was moved to Wednesdays due to \"\" airing Thursdays 8 p.m. This is the first season of \"Big Brother\" to air during an official television season, and the second to air concurrently with a season of \"Survivor\". \"Big Brother 9\" is also competing with Fox's \"American Idol\" on Wednesdays. The first episode of \"Big Brother 9\" premiered on February 12, 2008 with 7.33 million viewers (4.6/7 viewing audience), down from last summer's 4.8/9 (7.4 million viewers) launch. This is ratings information for", "title": "Big Brother 9 (U.S.)" }, { "id": "17014831", "text": "the series was given an additional 44-episode order. The second half of season 5 premiered on June 20, 2017 and ended with the season finale on September 12, 2017. On November 21, 2017, the series was renewed for a sixth season, which premiered on January 9, 2018, and the 1st mid-season finale aired March 13, 2018 and on March 13, 2018, OWN also announced the second half of the season, which premiered on May 1, 2018 and with the 2nd mid-season finale July 17, 2018. On July 17, 2018, OWN announced the third half of the season, which premiered on", "title": "The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series)" }, { "id": "5407387", "text": "that year she played several roles, including Beatrix Potter, in Sky's \"Psychobitches\" (part of \"Playhouse Presents\"), appearing in four episodes. Airing on 26 May 2013, Griffiths appeared in episode 2 (\"Nobody's Darling\") of \"Case Histories\". In 2014 she appeared in the TV show \"Jonathan Creek\". In 2015 she appeared as Elspeth Rice in ITV's \"Midsomer Murders\" episode 17.4 \"A Vintage Murder\". In February 2017 she appeared in the BBC Comedy, Not Going Out starring Lee Mack. Selina Griffiths Selina Jane Griffiths (born 1969) is an English actress mostly known for her performance of Pauline Maltby in \"Benidorm\". Selina Griffiths is", "title": "Selina Griffiths" }, { "id": "3983287", "text": "a one-off guest appearance in the 2014 Christmas special of \"Not Going Out\" on BBC One. Cannon's first marriage was to Margaret; they had two daughters, Jeanette and Julie, and divorced. He lives in York with his second wife Hazel, by whom he has three children: Kelly-Anne (born 1991), Zoe Louise (born 1993) and Luke Thomas (born 1996) Cannon and Ball are devout Christians and have published a book called Christianity for Beginners. Ball became a born-again Christian in 1986 and Cannon in 1992. It had a lot to do with the rekindling of their broken friendship. They now regularly", "title": "Tommy Cannon" }, { "id": "5829853", "text": "Fixed Address' ... as Rosie. Deborah Grant Deborah Grant (born 22 February 1947) is an English actress. Born as Deborah Jane Snelling, she trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama and appeared on stage at the Bristol Old Vic and in the West End of London. She has had a successful television acting career. Since 2007, she has appeared on and off in the sitcom \"Not Going Out\", as the mother of Tim (Tim Vine) and Lucy (Sally Bretton). She has been married twice, including to the actor Jeremy Child by whom she has a daughter. Public Eye", "title": "Deborah Grant" }, { "id": "17694469", "text": "a full series in 2014. This began airing on 26 December 2014 and finished on 25 January 2015. Series 2 began on 26 December 2015 with a run of 6 episodes and finished on 26 January 2016, Season 3 which began airing on 26 December 2016 with 7 episodes, Season 4 which began airing on 28 December 2017, followed by Season 5 starting on 7 October 2018 Although filmed and broadcast in High-definition, no Blu-ray releases have been announced to date. Series One and the 2013 Christmas Special was released on DVD on 2 February 2015 by 2 entertain. Still", "title": "Still Open All Hours" }, { "id": "19716738", "text": "Archer (season 9) The ninth season of the animated television series, \"Archer\", known as Archer Danger Island, premiered on April 25, 2018, on FXX. FXX announced that this season would see a change in the time period once again, with this series taking place in 1938. Along with the change in time period, the network announced that although the same voice cast will return as in previous seasons, they will again play different versions of their characters. This means that Archer, who was found shot in actress Veronica Deane's pool at the conclusion of season seven, will remain in a", "title": "Archer (season 9)" }, { "id": "20814473", "text": "Rhianne the power to send somebody home in this episode, who ultimately chose Zayn. George Keys made his debut during the third episode, as the ex-fling of Bayley. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Ex on the Beach (series 9) The ninth series of \"Ex on the Beach\", a British television programme began on 15 August 2018, The series was confirmed at the end of the eighth series final episode in May 2018. The cast members for this series were confirmed on 23 July 2018, and features former \"Made in Chelsea\" cast member Daisy Robins, as well as \"The Valleys\" star Natalee Harris. The series", "title": "Ex on the Beach (series 9)" }, { "id": "8895208", "text": "sofa watching television or at the local pub with his best friend, Tim Adams (Tim Vine), whom he has known for 15 years. Tim is an accountant from Henley-on-Thames who owns the flat in which Lee is a lodger. He is also noted for his cheeky wit and for having a very troubled relationship with his father, with whom he shares many traits and who openly mentions that Lee was unplanned and resulted in the end of his marriage. Very often, the only thing that can get Lee off his couch and active is his efforts to impress the girl", "title": "Not Going Out" } ]	when does not going out series 9 start
[ "Tevilah" ]	[ { "id": "15136702", "text": "History of baptism John the Baptist, who is considered a forerunner to Christianity, used baptism as the central sacrament of his messianic movement. Christians consider Jesus to have instituted the sacrament of baptism. The earliest Christian baptisms were probably normally by immersion, though other modes may have also been used. By the third and fourth centuries, baptism involved catechetical instruction as well as chrismation, exorcisms, laying on of hands, and recitation of a creed. In the West, Affusion became the normal mode of baptism between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries, though immersion was still practiced into the sixteenth. In the", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "15136721", "text": "one into the visible church and the covenant of grace. History of baptism John the Baptist, who is considered a forerunner to Christianity, used baptism as the central sacrament of his messianic movement. Christians consider Jesus to have instituted the sacrament of baptism. The earliest Christian baptisms were probably normally by immersion, though other modes may have also been used. By the third and fourth centuries, baptism involved catechetical instruction as well as chrismation, exorcisms, laying on of hands, and recitation of a creed. In the West, Affusion became the normal mode of baptism between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries,", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "39622", "text": "Baptism Baptism (from the Greek noun βάπτισμα \"baptisma\"; see below) is a Christian rite of admission and adoption, almost invariably with the use of water, into Christianity. The synoptic gospels recount that John the Baptist baptised Jesus. Baptism is considered a sacrament in most churches, and as an ordinance in others. Baptism is also called christening, although some reserve the word \"christening\" for the baptism of infants. It has also given its name to the Baptist churches and denominations. The usual form of baptism among the earliest Christians involved the candidate's immersion, either totally (submerged completely under the water) or", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136706", "text": "Greek noun \"baptmos\" was used to refer to ritual washing in Hellenistic Judaism. John the Baptist adopted baptism as the central sacrament in his messianic movement, seen as a forerunner of Christianity. Baptism has been part of Christianity from the start, as shown by the many mentions in the Acts of the Apostles and the Pauline epistles. Christians consider Jesus to have instituted the sacrament of baptism. How explicit Jesus' intentions were and whether he envisioned a continuing, organized Church is a matter of dispute among scholars. There is a scholarly consensus that the earliest Christian baptism was normally by", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "39675", "text": "been properly baptized, having received infant baptism, sprinkling. The traditional form of Anabaptist baptism was pouring or sprinkling, the form commonly used in the West in the early 16th century when they emerged. Since the 18th century immersion and submersion became more widespread. Today all forms of baptism can be found among Anabaptist. Baptism memorializes the death, burial and resurrection of Jesus. Baptism does not accomplish anything in itself, but is an outward personal sign or testimony that the person's sins have already been washed away by the blood of Christ's cross. It is considered a covenantal act, signifying entrance", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "39631", "text": "baptism became common and the rite was significantly simplified. In Western Europe Affusion became the normal mode of baptism between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries, though immersion was still practiced into the sixteenth. In the sixteenth century, Martin Luther retained baptism as a sacrament, but Swiss reformer Huldrych Zwingli considered baptism and the Lord's supper to be symbolic. Anabaptists denied the validity of the practice of infant baptism, and rebaptized converts. Baptism is practiced in several different ways. Aspersion is the sprinkling of water on the head, and affusion is the pouring of water over the head. The word \"immersion\"", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136714", "text": "from paganism. The rite became much less important and was conducted very quickly. Prebaptismal catechesis was abandoned, and baptism was usually conducted shortly after birth. In 895, the provincial Council of Tribur commented on the traditional teaching that the triple immersion in baptism was an imitation of Christ for the three days he spent in the tomb, and the rising from the water an imitation of the resurrection of Jesus. The linking of the baptismal immersion in and rising from the water with the burial and resurrection of Jesus arguably goes back to Saint Paul, and the linking of the", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "15361685", "text": "baptisms in early Christianity are recorded in the Acts of the Apostles. Acts 2 records the Apostle Peter, on the day of Pentecost, preaching to the crowds to \"repent and be baptised in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission (or forgiveness) of sins\" (). Other detailed records of baptisms in the book of Acts show the first Apostles baptising in the name of Jesus. The Apostle Paul also refers to baptism into Christ Jesus. Over time the Trinitarian formula from became popularized. This was further supported by the Didache, which most scholars date to around the year 100.Although", "title": "Baptism in the name of Jesus" }, { "id": "15136715", "text": "triple immersion with the three days in the tomb is found in Cyril of Jerusalem (c. 313–86) and Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335 – after 394). The 12th century saw the meaning of the word \"sacrament\" narrowed down and restricted to seven rites, among them that of baptism, while other symbolic rites came to be called \"sacramentals\". In the period between the 12th and the 14th centuries, affusion became the usual manner of administering baptism in Western Europe, though immersion continued to be found in some places even as late as the 16th century. Throughout the Middle Ages, there was", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "15136642", "text": "owners. The New Testament includes several references to baptism as an important practice among early Christians and, while giving no actual account of its institution by Jesus, portrays him as giving instructions, after his resurrection, for his followers to perform the rite (see Great Commission). It also gives interpretations by the Apostle Paul and in the First Epistle of Peter of the significance of baptism. The baptism of Jesus is described in the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. John's gospel does not directly describe Jesus' baptism. John the Baptist was a 1st-century mission preacher on the banks of the", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "39629", "text": "the name of Jesus, and it is questionable whether Christian baptism was in some way linked with that of John. Christians consider Jesus to have instituted the sacrament of baptism. The earliest Christian baptisms were probably normally by immersion, complete or partial. though other modes may have also been used. Though some form of immersion was likely the most common method of baptism, many of the writings from the ancient church appeared to view the mode of baptism as inconsequential. The Didache 7.1–3 (AD 60–150) allowed for affusion practices in situations where immersion was not practical. Likewise, Tertullian (AD 196–212)", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "328675", "text": "speaking on their behalf. The Apostolic Tradition, sometimes attributed to Hippolytus of Rome (died 235), describes how to perform the ceremony of baptism; it states that children were baptised first, and if any of them could not answer for themselves, their parents or someone else from their family was to answer for them. From at least the 3rd century onward Christians baptised infants as standard practice, although some preferred to postpone baptism until late in life, so as to ensure forgiveness for all their preceding sins. In the 21st century, a number of incidents surrounding apparently particularly \"rough\", \"aggressive\" or", "title": "Infant baptism" }, { "id": "39630", "text": "allowed for varying approaches to baptism even if those practices did not conform to biblical or traditional mandates (cf. De corona militis 3; De baptismo 17). Finally, Cyprian (ca. AD 256) explicitly stated that the amount of water was inconsequential and defended immersion, affusion, and aspersion practices (Epistle 75.12). As a result, there was no uniform or consistent mode of baptism in the ancient church prior to the fourth century. By the third and fourth centuries, baptism involved catechetical instruction as well as chrismation, exorcisms, laying on of hands, and recitation of a creed. In the early middle ages infant", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "39717", "text": "to prayer. \"Baptism of Dolls\": the custom of 'dolly dunking' was once a common practice in parts of the United Kingdom, particularly in Cornwall where it has been revived in recent years. Mandaeans revere John the Baptist and practice frequent baptism as a ritual of purification, not of initiation. Baptism Baptism (from the Greek noun βάπτισμα \"baptisma\"; see below) is a Christian rite of admission and adoption, almost invariably with the use of water, into Christianity. The synoptic gospels recount that John the Baptist baptised Jesus. Baptism is considered a sacrament in most churches, and as an ordinance in others.", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "14251735", "text": "his baptism show him standing in waist-deep water. The immersion used by early Christians in baptizing \"need not have meant full submersion in the water\" and, while it may have been normal practice, it was not seen as a necessary mode of baptism, so that other modes also may have been used. Submersion, as opposed to partial immersion, may even have been a minority practice in early Christianity. The \"Didache\" or \"Teaching of the Twelve Apostles\", an anonymous book of 16 short chapters, is probably the earliest known written instructions, outside of the Bible, for administering baptism. The first version", "title": "Immersion baptism" }, { "id": "39643", "text": "(βαπτισμός) and the neuter noun \"baptisma\" (βάπτισμα): A Christian baptism is administered in one of the following forms, performing the action either once or thrice: Until the Middle Ages, most baptisms were performed with the candidates naked—as is evidenced by most of the early portrayals of baptism (some of which are shown in this article), and the early Church Fathers and other Christian writers. Deaconesses helped female candidates for reasons of modesty. Typical of these is Cyril of Jerusalem who wrote \"On the Mysteries of Baptism\" in the 4th century (c. 350 AD): The symbolism is threefold: 1. Baptism is", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "14251733", "text": "Most scholars agree that immersion was the practice of the New Testament church. The Oxford Dictionary of the Bible (2004) says \"Archaeological evidence from the early centuries shows that baptism was sometimes administered by submersion or immersion...but also by affusion from a vessel when water was poured on the candidate's head...\". The Cambridge History of Christianity (2006) also concludes from the archaeological evidence that pouring water three times over the head was a frequent arrangement. Robin Jensen writes: \"Historians have sometimes assumed that baptism was usually accomplished by full immersion - or submersion - of the body (dunking). However, the", "title": "Immersion baptism" }, { "id": "39624", "text": "burial in Romans 6:3. \"Dip\" is translated from \"baptō\" (). The traditional depiction in Christian art of John the Baptist pouring water over Jesus' head may therefore be based on later Christian practice.\" Pictorial and archaeological evidence of Christian baptism from the 3rd century onward indicates that a normal form was to have the candidate stand in water while water was poured over the upper body. Other common forms of baptism now in use include pouring water three times on the forehead, a method called affusion. Martyrdom was identified early in Church history as \"baptism by blood\", enabling the salvation", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136640", "text": "Baptism in early Christianity Baptism has been part of Christianity from the start, as shown by the many mentions in the Acts of the Apostles and the Pauline epistles. Although the term \"baptism\" is not today used to describe the Jewish rituals (in contrast to New Testament times, when the Greek word \"baptismos\" did indicate Jewish ablutions or rites of purification), the purification rites (or \"mikvah\"—ritual immersion) in Jewish law and tradition have some similarity to baptism, and the two have been linked. In the Hebrew Bible and other Jewish texts, immersion in water for ritual purification was established for", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136660", "text": "interpreted as referring to baptism, in particular, the phrase \"born of water and the Spirit\" and the account of blood and water coming out of the side of Jesus when pierced after crucifixion Acts of the Apostles, written , states that about 3,000 people in Jerusalem were baptized in one day on Pentecost. It further relates baptisms of men and women in Samaria, of an Ethiopian eunuch, of Saul of Tarsus, of the household of Cornelius, of Lydia's household, of the Philippi jailer's household, of many Corinthians and of certain Corinthians baptized by Paul personally. In Acts, the prerequisites of", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136662", "text": "questioned. There is a scholarly consensus that the earliest Christian baptism was by immersion. Thomas Schreiner likewise states that \"Most scholars agree that immersion was practiced in the NT\", identifying submersion as the form of immersion practiced. Heyler says most New Testament scholars generally agree that Christian baptism in the New Testament era was by immersion. Everett Ferguson similarly speaks of \"general scholarly agreement\" that the baptism commanded by Jesus was immersion in water by dipping, in the form of a \"full bath\". He describes medieval depictions of Jesus standing in water while John poured water over him as a", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136709", "text": "and also the \"Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church\", and the \"Oxford Dictionary of the Bible\". The theology of baptism attained precision in the 3rd and 4th centuries. While instruction was at first given after baptism, believers were given increasingly specific instructions before being baptized, especially in the face of heresies in the 4th century. By the fourth and fifth centuries, baptism had become a several-week-long rite leading up to the actual baptismal washing on Easter. During this time, catechumens attended several meetings of intensive catechetical instruction, often by the bishop himself, and often accompanied by special prayers, exorcisms, and", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "39653", "text": "generally baptize by affusion (pouring); Eastern Catholics usually by submersion, or at least partial immersion. However, submersion is gaining in popularity within the Latin Catholic Church. In newer church sanctuaries, the baptismal font may be designed to expressly allow for baptism by immersion. Anglicans baptize by submersion, immersion, affusion or sprinkling. According to evidence which can be traced back to at latest about the year 200, sponsors or godparents are present at baptism and vow to uphold the Christian education and life of the baptized. Baptists argue that the Greek word originally meant \"to immerse\". They interpret some Biblical passages", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136713", "text": "remained a subject of debate between Christian scholars at least since the earliest clear reference to the practice by Tertullian in the early third century. Some claim that Biblical baptism can be interpreted and thus relative, others support the Biblical literal baptism as a public and personal testimony, without intermediaries, in the case of infants that cannot talk for themselves yet. Against Pelagius, Augustine insisted that baptism was necessary for salvation even for virtuous people and for children. The baptismal rite was significantly simplified during the sixth, seventh, and eighth centuries as fewer and fewer of those baptized were converts", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "328669", "text": "practice infant baptism include Catholics, Eastern and Oriental Orthodox, Anglicans, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Congregationalists and other Reformed denominations, Methodists and some Nazarenes, and the Moravian Church. The exact details of the baptismal ceremony vary among Christian denominations. Many follow a prepared ceremony, called a rite or liturgy. In a typical ceremony, parents or godparents bring their child to their congregation's priest or minister. The rite used would be the same as that denomination's rite for adults, i.e., by pouring holy water (affusion) or by sprinkling water (aspersion). Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic traditions practise total immersion and baptise babies in a", "title": "Infant baptism" }, { "id": "15136654", "text": "Gospel of Matthew also includes the most famous version of the Great Commission. Here, the resurrected Jesus appears to the apostles and commissions them to make disciples of all nations, to baptize, and teach. This commission reflects the program adopted by the infant Christian movement. This gospel, today generally believed by scholars to be the first and to have been used as a basis for Matthew and Luke, begins with Jesus' baptism by John, who preached a baptism of repentance for forgiveness of sins. John says of Jesus that he will baptize not with water but with the Holy Spirit.", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136651", "text": "sacramental principle, widespread not only in the Greco-Roman world, but even in pre-Columbian America and in preliterate societies, took on a unique significance, and to Paul's influence is attributed an interpretation given to the Christian rite in terms of the Greco-Roman mysteries but little weight can be attached to the counterparts of baptism in mystery religions as an explanation of the Christian practice. Matthew begins with the \"generation\" of Jesus as Son of David, followed by the visit of the gentile Magi, and the flight into Egypt to escape Herod, after whose death the holy family returns into the land", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136664", "text": "Apostles\", an anonymous book of 16 short chapters, is probably the earliest known written instructions, outside of the Bible, for administering baptism. The first version of it was written . The second, with insertions and additions, was written . This work, rediscovered in the 19th century, provides a unique look at Christianity in the Apostolic Age and is the first explicit reference to baptism by pouring, although the New Testament does not exclude the possibility of this practice.\" Its instructions on baptism are as follows: Commentaries typically understand that the Didache indicates a preference for baptizing by immersion. in \"living", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "2565818", "text": "Baptism is a water purification ritual where one is immersed in water. The practice of purification via immersion exists in many cultures. The word \"baptize\" derives from the Greek word βάπτειν (the infinitive; also listed as the 1st person singular present active indicative βαπτίζω, which loosely means \"to dip, bathe, or wash\"). The Christian ritual of baptism traces back to the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist, who the Bible says baptized Jesus in the Jordan River. Mormon belief holds that baptisms were performed in Adam and Eve's day. Baptism is a required ordinance and ritual cleansing process when", "title": "Judaism and Mormonism" }, { "id": "328674", "text": "of God\" may indicate that Christians customarily baptised infants too. The earliest reference to infant baptism was by Irenaeus (c. 130–202) in his work \"Against Heresies\". Due to its reference to Eleutherus as the current bishop of Rome, the work is usually dated . Irenaeus speaks of children being \"born again to God.\" This reference has been described as \"obscure.\" Three passages by Origen (185–c. 254) mention infant baptism as traditional and customary. While Tertullian writing c. 198–203 advises the postponement of baptism of little children and the unmarried, he mentions that it was customary to baptise infants, with sponsors", "title": "Infant baptism" }, { "id": "39713", "text": "may be archaeological and descriptive in nature, rather than a modern practice. Apuleius, a 2nd-century Roman writer, described an initiation into the mysteries of Isis. The initiation was preceded by a normal bathing in the public baths and a ceremonial sprinkling by the priest of Isis, after which the candidate was given secret instructions in the temple of the goddess. The candidate then fasted for ten days from meat and wine, after which he was dressed in linen and led at night into the innermost part of the sanctuary, where the actual initiation, the details of which were secret, took", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136688", "text": "in waist-deep water. The immersion used by early Christians in baptizing \"need not have meant full submersion in the water\" and, while it may have been normal practice, it was not seen as a necessary mode of baptism, so that other modes also may have been used. Submersion, as opposed to partial immersion, may even have been a minority practice in early Christianity. Baptism in early Christianity Baptism has been part of Christianity from the start, as shown by the many mentions in the Acts of the Apostles and the Pauline epistles. Although the term \"baptism\" is not today used", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136669", "text": "of Christians, using an adaptation of the rite intended for adults, became more common than baptisms of adult converts, the number of catechumens decreased. As baptism was believed to forgive sins, the issue of sins committed after baptism arose. Some insisted that apostasy, even under threat of death, and other grievous sins cut one off forever from the Church. As indicated in the writings of Saint Cyprian, others favoured readmitting the \"lapsi\" easily. The rule that prevailed was that they were readmitted only after undergoing a period of penance that demonstrated sincere repentance. What is now generally called the Nicene", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136672", "text": "partial. The Dictionary of the Bible (2004) says \"Archaeological evidence from the early centuries shows that baptism was sometimes administered by submersion or immersion... but also by affusion from a vessel when water was poured on the candidate's head...\". In one form of early Christian baptism, the candidate stood in water and water was poured over the upper body. Baptism of the sick or dying usually used means other than even partial immersion and was still considered valid. Internet-available illustrations of ancient Christian representations of baptism from as early as the 2nd century include those in CF Rogers, \"Baptism and", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "39687", "text": "generally considered valid. Reformed churches, while rejecting the baptismal ceremonies of the Roman Catholic church, accept the validity of baptisms performed with them and do not rebaptize. In Catholic teaching, baptism is stated to be \"necessary for salvation by actual reception or at least by desire\". This teaching is based on Jesus' words in the Gospel according to John: \"Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter into the Kingdom of God.\" It dates back to the teachings and practices of 1st-century Christians, and the connection between salvation and baptism", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "12421769", "text": "been known to the Book of Mormon prophets). Baptism is mentioned as a ritual that is taught and performed among the Nephite civilization, with its first mention being taught by Nephi between 559 and 545 BC. However, baptism as a part of conversion was not customary until after the Babylonian captivity, which ended decades after the practice was ostensibly taught and practiced as related in the Book of Mormon. A practice similar to baptism is known to have been practiced by the Jewish Essenes between the 2nd century BC and the 1st century AD. The Jewish Encyclopedia compares Christian baptism", "title": "Anachronisms in the Book of Mormon" }, { "id": "39628", "text": "a reconstructed Indo-European root *\"gʷabh-\", \"dip\". The Greek words are used in a great variety of meanings. Baptism has similarities to Tvilah, a Jewish purification ritual of immersing in water, which is required for, among other things, conversion to Judaism, but which differs in being repeatable, while baptism is to be performed only once. (In fact, the Modern Hebrew term for \"baptism\" is \"Christian Tvilah\".) John the Baptist, who is considered a forerunner to Christianity, used baptism as the central sacrament of his messianic movement. The apostle Paul distinguished between the baptism of John, (\"baptism of repentance\") and baptism in", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136663", "text": "\"strange fantasy\" deriving from later church practice. Di Berardino describes the baptism of the New Testament era as generally requiring total immersion, Tischler says that total immersion seems to have been most commonly used, and Lang says \"Baptism in the Bible was by immersion, that is, the person went fully under the waters\". Sookey says it is \"almost certain\" that immersion was used. The \"Global Dictionary of Theology\" says that it is probable that immersion was the early church's normal mode of baptism, but that it was not seen as an important issue. The \"Didache\" or \"Teaching of the Twelve", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136707", "text": "immersion, or at least that this is probable. Some interpret this as meaning total immersion or submersion beneath the water. Among those who take this view are Thomas Schreiner, Everett Ferguson, Di Berardino, Tischler, and Lang Others understand immersion as not necessarily implying submersion beneath the water. Kirsten Marie Hartvigsen distinguishes between immersion and submersion and considers both as possible early-Christian forms of baptism, as does Christian Strecker. Laurie Guy says: \"The church most likely practiced full immersion, partial immersion and affusion at various times and places in the early centuries, with sprinkling being practiced rarely (and probably only for", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "15136667", "text": "was at first given after baptism, believers were given increasingly specific instructions before being baptized, especially in the face of heresies in the 4th century. By the 4th and 5th centuries, a series of rites spread over several weeks led up to the actual baptism at Easter: catechumens attended several meetings of intensive catechetical instruction, often by the bishop himself, and often accompanied by special prayers, exorcisms, and other rites. Catechumens recited the Creed on Holy Saturday to show that they had completed their catechetical instruction. At dawn following the Paschal Vigil starting the night of Holy Saturday, they were", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136712", "text": "favoured readmitting the \"lapsi\" easily. The rule that prevailed was that they were readmitted only after undergoing a period of penance that demonstrated sincere repentance. What is now generally called the Nicene Creed, longer than the text adopted by the First Council of Nicaea of 325, and known also as the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed because of its adoption in that form by the First Council of Constantinople in 381, was probably the baptismal creed then in use in Constantinople, the venue of the 381 Council. Whether the earliest Christians practiced infant baptism, and thus whether modern Christians should do so, has", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "15136668", "text": "taken to the baptistry where the bishop consecrated the water with a long prayer recounting the types of baptisms. The catechumens disrobed, were anointed with oil, renounced the devil and his works, confessed their faith in the Trinity, and were immersed in the font. They were then anointed with chrism, received the laying on of hands, clothed in white, and led to join the congregation in the Easter celebration. By then, postponement of baptism had become general, and a large proportion of believers were merely catechumens (Constantine was not baptized until he was dying); but as baptisms of the children", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "5442994", "text": "Jericho. In the 3rd century Origen, who moved to the area from Alexandria, suggested Bethabara as the location. In the 4th century, Eusebius of Caesarea stated that the location was on the west bank of the Jordan, and following him, the early Byzantine Madaba Map shows Bethabara as (Βέθαβαρά). The biblical baptising is related to springs and a Wadi (al-Kharrar) close to the Eastern site of the Jordan River, not the Jordan itself. The pilgrimage sites, important for both Christians and Jews have shifted place during history. The site of Al-Maghtas (\"baptism\", or \"immersion\" in Arabic) on the East side", "title": "Baptism of Jesus" }, { "id": "3838668", "text": "practices, mentions that baptism may occur by pouring water on the head three times using the trinitarian formula (i.e., in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit). The Orthodox Church continues this practice, submerging the baptized and then pouring water on the head in that formula. Infant baptism was widely practised at least by the 3rd century, but it is disputed whether it was in the first centuries of Christianity. Some believe that the Church in the apostolic period practised infant baptism, arguing that the mention of the baptism of households in the Acts of the", "title": "Early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136716", "text": "therefore considerable variation in the kind of facility required for baptism, from the baptismal pool large enough to immerse several adults simultaneously of the 13th century Baptistery at Pisa, to the half-metre deep basin in the 6th century baptistery of the old Cologne Cathedral. Both East and West considered washing with water and the Trinitarian baptismal formula necessary for administering the rite. Scholasticism referred to these two elements as the matter and the form of the sacrament, employing terms taken from the then prevailing Aristotelian philosophy. The Catechism of the Catholic Church, while teaching the necessity of both elements, nowhere", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "7557995", "text": "also practice infant baptism. This may be due to the practical difficulties of totally immersing an infant underwater. However, Eastern Orthodox and some Roman Catholics practice infant immersion. Amish, Old Order Mennonites, and Conservative Mennonites still practice baptism by pouring. Affusion became the standard practice in the western church around the 10th century, but was in use much earlier. The earliest explicit reference to baptism by affusion occurs in the Didache (c. AD 100), the seventh chapter of which gives instructions on how to baptize, which include affusion: …But if you have no living water, baptize into other water; and", "title": "Affusion" }, { "id": "13486307", "text": "was better to err on the side of caution and baptize such a person. In the early 16th century, the Anabaptist movement began demanding that baptismal candidates be able to make a confession of faith that is freely chosen, thus rejecting the baptism of infants. This and other doctrinal differences led both Catholics and Protestants to persecute the Anabaptists, executing them by fire, sword, or drowning. Anabaptist groups spread across Europe and later to Russia and the Americas. In 1609, the Baptist movement applies this practice in all its churches. Christians who practice believer's baptism believe that saving grace and", "title": "Believer's baptism" }, { "id": "39633", "text": "submersion of the person. On these three meanings of the word \"immersion\", see Immersion baptism. When \"immersion\" is used in opposition to \"submersion\", it indicates the form of baptism in which the candidate stands or kneels in water and water is poured over the upper part of the body. Immersion in this sense has been employed in West and East since at least the 2nd century and is the form in which baptism is generally depicted in early Christian art. In the West, this method of baptism began to be replaced by affusion baptism from around the 8th century, but", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136708", "text": "medical reasons) during that time period.\" Robin M. Jensen describes the early Christian baptismal ritual as having for basis \"immersion in water (or a thorough soaking by pouring)\", and describes the primitive, first-century ritual as having encompassed both \"application of water (whether by immersion or by some other means) and an imposition of hands\", adding that \"'Baptism' originally conveyed the sense of water's application (if not also immersion) in its very definition\". Other recent studies that see total immersion (submersion) as not the only form of baptism utilized by early Christians include Steven J. Schloeder, Charles Thomas, Stanley J. Grenz,", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "14251729", "text": "says that at least from the 2nd century baptism was administered by a method \"whereby part of the candidate's body was submerged in the baptismal water which was poured over the remainder\". William Sanford La Sor, Lothar Heiser, Jean-Charles Picard, Malka Ben Pechat, and Everett Ferguson agree that early Christian baptism was normally by total immersion. Sanford La Sor (1987) considers it likely that the archaeological evidence favours total immersion. Lothar Heiser (1986), likewise understands the literary and pictorial evidence to indicate total immersion. Jean-Charles Picard (1989), reaches the same conclusion, and so does Malka Ben Pechat (1989). The study", "title": "Immersion baptism" }, { "id": "15136710", "text": "other rites. Catechumens recited the Creed on Holy Saturday to show that they had completed their catechetical instruction. At dawn following the Paschal Vigil starting the night of Holy Saturday, they were taken to the baptistry where the bishop consecrated the water with a long prayer recounting the types of baptisms. The catechumens disrobed, were anointed with oil, renounced the devil and his works, confessed their faith in the Trinity, and were immersed in the font. They were then anointed with chrism, received the laying on of hands, clothed in white, and led to join the congregation in the Easter", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "39625", "text": "of martyrs who had not been baptized by water. Later, the Catholic Church identified a baptism of desire, by which those preparing for baptism who die before actually receiving the sacrament are considered saved. As evidenced also in the common Christian practice of infant baptism, Christians universally regarded baptism as in some sense necessary for salvation, until Huldrych Zwingli (1484-1531) denied its necessity in the 16th century. Quakers and the Salvation Army practice Baptism with the Holy Spirit instead of baptism with water. Among denominations that practice baptism by water, differences occur in the manner and mode of baptizing and", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "10186549", "text": "for the remission of sins. The Lord, as his part of the covenant, is to pour out his spirit upon them, redeem them from their sins, raise them in the first resurrection, and give them eternal life. Baptism is understood to represent the death of the old person and their rebirth as an adopted spiritual child of Christ. Baptism is considered necessary for salvation and exaltation. Baptism must be conducted by an ordained Priesthood Holder with a line of authority that can be traced back to Christ. Latter-Day Saints trace this line of authority through Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery", "title": "Baptismal regeneration" }, { "id": "3302261", "text": "the early Church, the laying on of hands on the newly baptized to impart the gift of the Holy Spirit was the origin of the sacrament of confirmation. In the Eastern church, confirmation continued to be celebrated immediately after water baptism. The two rites were separated in the Western church. According to Pentecostal historian H. Vinson Synan, \"the basic premise of Pentecostalism, that one may receive later effusions of the Spirit after initiation/conversion, can be clearly traced in Christian history to the beginnings of the rite of confirmation in the Western churches\". Huldrych Zwingli, a leading Protestant Reformer in Switzerland,", "title": "Baptism with the Holy Spirit" }, { "id": "15136643", "text": "River Jordan. He baptized Jews for repentance in the River Jordan. At the start of his ministry, Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist. Critical scholars broadly agree that the baptism of Jesus is one of the most authentic, or historically likely, events in the life of the historical Jesus. Christian baptism has its origin in the baptism of Jesus, in both a direct and historical sense. Many of the earliest followers of Jesus were people who, like him, were baptized in the Jordan by John the Baptist. The Gospel of John states that Jesus at an early stage led", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "12361818", "text": "Chrysostom (\"Homilies\" 40) attributed the practice respectively to the Cerinthians and to the Marcionites, whom they identified as heretical \"Gnostic\" groups. For that reason, the practice was forbidden by the early Church, and is therefore not practiced in modern mainstream Christianity, whether Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, or any Protestant churches. In the practice of the LDS Church, a living person, acting as proxy, is baptized by immersion on behalf of a deceased person of the same sex. After giving a short prayer, which includes the name of the deceased individual, the proxy is immersed briefly in the water,", "title": "Baptism for the dead" }, { "id": "15136670", "text": "Creed, longer than the text adopted by the First Council of Nicaea of 325, and known also as the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed because of its adoption in that form by the First Council of Constantinople in 381, was probably the baptismal creed then in use in Constantinople, the venue of the 381 Council. Scholars \"generally agree that the early church baptized by immersion\", but sometimes used other forms. Howard Marshall says that immersion was the general rule, but affusion and even sprinkling were also practised, His presentation of this view has been described by Porter and Cross as \"a compelling argument\".", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "3838666", "text": "doctrine and because the church leaders addressed human needs better than their rivals. From the writings of early Christians, historians have tried to piece together an understanding of various early Christian practices including worship services, customs and observances. Early Christian writers such as Justin Martyr (100–165) described these practices. Early Christian beliefs regarding baptism probably predate the New Testament writings. It seems certain that numerous Jewish sects and certainly Jesus's disciples practised baptism, which became integral to nearly every manifestation of the religion of the Jews. John the Baptist had baptized many people, before baptisms took place in the name", "title": "Early Christianity" }, { "id": "3473101", "text": "repelling evil. The use of holy water used by various sects of Christianity is a practice only attested to in Catholic documents. The Apostolic Constitutions, which goes back to about the year 400, attribute the precept of using holy water to the Apostle Matthew. It is plausible that in earliest Christian times water was used for expiatory and purificatory purposes in a way analogous to its employment in Jewish Law. Yet, in many cases, the water used for the Sacrament of Baptism was flowing water, sea or river water, and it could not receive the same blessing as that contained", "title": "Holy water" }, { "id": "5442997", "text": "assume it to be upon the death of his predecessor Augustus Caesar in 14 AD, implying that the ministry of John the Baptist began in 29 AD. The generally assumed dates for the start of the ministry of John the Baptist based on this reference in the Gospel of Luke are about 28–29 AD, with the ministry of Jesus with his baptism following it shortly thereafter. Most modern scholars believe that John the Baptist performed a baptism on Jesus, and view it as a historical event to which a high degree of certainty can be assigned. James Dunn states that", "title": "Baptism of Jesus" }, { "id": "39710", "text": "was sent to preach rather than to baptize in contradiction to the Great Commission. But Paul did occasionally still baptize Jews, for instance in Corinth and in Philippi. He also taught the spiritual significance of Spirit baptism in identifying the believer with the atoning death of Christ, his burial, and resurrection. Romans 6 baptism does not mention nor imply water but is rather a real baptism into Christ's death. Other Hyperdispensationalists believe that baptism was necessary until mid-Acts. The great commission and its baptism was directed to early Jewish believers, not the Gentile believers of mid-Acts or later. Any Jew", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "14251752", "text": "UPCI mode of baptism is complete immersion in water, completed in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins. Anabaptists (\"re-baptizers\") and Baptists promote adult baptism, or \"believer's baptism\". Baptism is seen as an act identifying one as having accepted Jesus Christ as Savior. Anabaptists were given that name because of performing baptism on people whom others, but not the Anabaptists, considered to be already baptized. They did not accept infant baptism as true baptism. Anabaptists perform baptisms indoors in a baptismal font or baptistry, a swimming pool, or a bathtub, or outdoors in a creek or river.", "title": "Immersion baptism" }, { "id": "12361839", "text": "of baptism for the dead is based on a revelation received by the prophet Joseph Smith. Smith first taught the doctrine at the funeral sermon of a deceased member of the church, Seymour Brunson. In a letter written on October 19, 1840, to the church's Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (who were on a mission in the United Kingdom at the time), Smith refers to the passage in (KJV): LDS Church scripture expands further upon this doctrine and states that such baptisms are to be performed in temples. Vicarious baptism is performed in connection with other vicarious ordinances in temples", "title": "Baptism for the dead" }, { "id": "39634", "text": "it continues in use in Eastern Christianity. The word submersion comes from the late Latin (\"sub-\" \"under, below\" + \"mergere\" \"plunge, dip\") and is also sometimes called \"complete immersion\". It is the form of baptism in which the water completely covers the candidate's body. Submersion is practiced in the Orthodox and several other Eastern Churches. In the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, baptism by submersion is used in the Ambrosian Rite and is one of the methods provided in the Roman Rite of the baptism of infants. It is seen as obligatory among some groups that have arisen since", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "39623", "text": "partially (standing or kneeling in water while water was poured on him or her). John the Baptist's use of a deep river for his baptising suggests immersion: \"The fact that he chose a permanent and deep river suggests that more than a token quantity of water was needed, and both the preposition 'in' (the Jordan) and the basic meaning of the verb 'baptize' probably indicate immersion. In v. 16, Matthew will speak of Jesus 'coming up out of the water'. Phillip and the Eunuch also went down and came up out of water (Acts 8:38-39). Baptism is likened unto a", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "15136711", "text": "celebration. By then, postponement of baptism had become general, and a large proportion of believers were merely catechumens (Constantine was not baptized until he was dying); but as baptisms of the children of Christians, using an adaptation of the rite intended for adults, became more common than baptisms of adult converts, the number of catechumens decreased. As baptism was believed to forgive sins, the issue of sins committed after baptism arose. Some insisted that apostasy, even under threat of death, and other grievous sins cut one off forever from the Church. As indicated in the writings of Saint Cyprian, others", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "328676", "text": "even \"violent\" infant baptisms according to the Orthodox submersion or immersion rite have sparked controversies as to whether they constituted child abuse. Based on their understanding of New Testament passages such as Colossians 2:11–12, paedobaptists believe that infant baptism is the New Testament counterpart to circumcision. In the Old Testament, all male converts to Judaism, male infants born to Jewish parents, and male servants were circumcised as ceremony of initiation into the Jewish community. Paedobaptists believe that baptism has replaced Old Testament circumcision and is the religious ceremony of initiation into the Christian community. During the medieval and Reformation eras,", "title": "Infant baptism" }, { "id": "39626", "text": "in the understanding of the significance of the rite. Most Christians baptize \"in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit\" (following the Great Commission), but some baptize in Jesus' name only. Much more than half of all Christians baptize infants; many others regard only believer's baptism as true baptism. The term \"baptism\" has also been used metaphorically to refer to any ceremony, trial, or experience by which a person is initiated, purified, or given a name. The English word \"baptism\" is derived indirectly through Latin from the neuter Greek concept noun \"baptisma\" (Greek", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "39677", "text": "allows the person to be a registered member of the local Baptist congregation (though some churches have adopted \"new members classes\" as a mandatory step for congregational membership). Regarding rebaptism the general rules are: Baptism in Churches of Christ is performed only by full bodily immersion, based on the Koine Greek verb \"baptizo\" which means to dip, immerse, submerge or plunge. Submersion is seen as more closely conforming to the death, burial and resurrection of Jesus than other modes of baptism. Churches of Christ argue that historically immersion was the mode used in the 1st century, and that pouring and", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "39647", "text": "speak of \"baptismal regeneration\". Its importance is related to their interpretation of the meaning of the \"Mystical Body of Christ\" as found in the New Testament. This view is shared by the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox denominations, and by Churches formed early during the Protestant Reformation such as Lutheran and Anglican. For example, Martin Luther said: The Churches of Christ,\" Jehovah's Witnesses, Christadelphians, and LDS Church also espouse baptism as necessary for salvation. For Roman Catholics, baptism by water is a sacrament of initiation into the life of the children of God (\"Catechism of the Catholic Church\", 1212–13). It configures", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "39699", "text": "of the proper form. The service of Baptism in Greek Orthodox (and other Eastern Orthodox) churches has remained largely unchanged for over 1500 years. This fact is witnessed to by St. Cyril of Jerusalem (d. 386), who, in his \"Discourse on the Sacrament of Baptism\", describes the service in much the same way as is currently in use. The Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses believes that baptism should be performed by complete immersion (submersion) in water and only when an individual is old enough to understand its significance. They believe that water baptism is an outward symbol that a person", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "7016065", "text": "day; this was most likely accomplished by aspersion or affusion. Baptism by affusion (pouring) was certainly in practice in Apostolic times, being prescribed by the \"Didache\" but there are no accounts that clearly show sprinkling rather than pouring or immersion was used. The normal form of baptism for the first centuries—until at least the twelfth century—was immersion. However, when a person could not be immersed, baptism by aspersion or affusion was performed. There are records of people receiving baptism in prison, awaiting martyrdom, where immersion would be difficult or impossible, but the most common use was for a person who", "title": "Aspersion" }, { "id": "328679", "text": "recalling that 'all human beings' are 'equal', whatever be 'their size or age', declared it lawful to baptize children 'by the second or third day after their birth'\". In the 17th and 18th centuries, many infants were baptised on the day of their birth as in the cases of Francoise-Athenais, Marquise de Montespan, Jeanne Du Barry and Marie Anne de Cupis de Camargo. Infant baptism is seen as showing very clearly that salvation is an unmerited favour from God, not the fruit of human effort. \"Born with a fallen human nature and tainted by original sin, children also have need", "title": "Infant baptism" }, { "id": "39644", "text": "considered to be a form of rebirth—\"by water and the Spirit\"—the nakedness of baptism (the second birth) paralleled the condition of one's original birth. For example, St. John Chrysostom calls the baptism \"λοχείαν\", i.e., giving birth, and \"new way of creation...from water and Spirit\" (\"to John\" speech 25,2), and later elaborates: 2. The removal of clothing represented the \"image of putting off the old man with his deeds\" (as per Cyril, above), so the stripping of the body before for baptism represented taking off the trappings of sinful self, so that the \"new man\", which is given by Jesus, can", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "13398466", "text": "Paul's conversion on the Road to Damascus is first recorded in . Peter baptized the Roman centurion Cornelius, traditionally considered the first Gentile convert to Christianity, in . Based on this, the Antioch church was founded. It is also believed that it was there that the term Christian was coined. Disputes over the Law of Moses generated intense controversy in early Christianity. This is particularly notable in the mid-1st century, when the circumcision controversy came to the forefront. The issue was addressed at the Council of Jerusalem where Paul made an argument that circumcision was not a necessary practice for", "title": "Christianity in the 1st century" }, { "id": "15136659", "text": "apostles gathered together with them in Jerusalem and gives them the Great Commission without \"explicitly\" speaking of baptism, but readers can infer that \"the forgiveness of sins\" here includes \"baptism\" according to the preaching of the apostles at the time of Luke's gospel. The Gospel of John mentions John the Baptist's baptizing activity, in particular his baptism of Jesus, and his statement that Jesus would baptize with the Holy Spirit. It also mentions baptizing activity by Jesus, specifying that the baptizing was not done by Jesus himself but by his disciples. Some references to water in John's Gospel have been", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136703", "text": "sixteenth century, Martin Luther retained baptism as a sacrament, but Swiss reformer Huldrych Zwingli considered baptism and the Lord's supper to be symbolic. Anabaptists denied the validity of infant baptism, which was the normal practice when their movement started and practiced believer's baptism instead. Several Anabaptist groups, notably the Baptists and Dunkards, have always practiced baptism by immersion as following the Biblical example. Although the term \"baptism\" is not used to describe the Jewish rituals, the purification rites in Jewish laws and tradition, called \"Tvilah\", have some similarity to baptism, and the two have been linked. The \"Tvilah\" is the", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "39636", "text": "(it is used with literal and figurative meanings such as \"sink\", \"disable\", \"overwhelm\", \"go under\", \"overborne\", \"draw from a bowl\"), lexical sources typically cite this as a meaning of the word in both the Septuagint and the New Testament. \"While it is true that the basic root meaning of the Greek words for baptize and baptism is immerse/immersion, it is not true that the words can simply be reduced to this meaning, as can be seen from Mark 10:38–39, Luke 12:50, Matthew 3:11 Luke 3:16 and Corinthians10:2.\" Two passages in the Gospels indicate that the verb \"baptizein\" did not always", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "2336338", "text": "the end of the Apostolic Age, the practice was continued. It appears to have been practiced in the early centuries of post-apostolic Christianity, though the evidence is scant. For example, Tertullian (145–220) mentions the practice in his \"De Corona\", but gives no details as to who practiced it or how it was practiced. It was practiced by the Church at Milan (c. 380), is mentioned by the \"Council of Elvira\" (300), and is even referenced by Augustine (c. 400). Observance of foot washing at the time of baptism was maintained in Africa, Gaul, Germany, Milan, northern Italy, and Ireland. According", "title": "Foot washing" }, { "id": "12361822", "text": "the Old Apostolic Church also practice baptism for the dead, as well as Communion and Sealing to the Departed. In this practice a proxy or substitute is baptised in the place of an unknown number of deceased persons. According to NAC and OAC doctrine the deceased do not enter the body of the substitute. Outside of Christianity, proxy baptisms were practiced by the Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran. Mormon scholar, John A. Tvedtnes says: \"Baptism for the dead was performed by the dominant church until forbidden by the sixth canon of the Council of Carthage (397). Some of the smaller", "title": "Baptism for the dead" }, { "id": "15136705", "text": "participation in the life of the community, ensuring that the cleansed person will not impose uncleanness on property or its owners. It did not become customary, however, to immerse converts to Judaism until after the Babylonian Captivity. This change of status by the mikvah could be obtained repeatedly, while Christian baptism, like circumcision, is, in the general view of Christians, unique and not repeatable. Even the so-called rebaptism by some Christian denominations is not seen by them as a repetition of an earlier valid baptism and is viewed by them as not itself repeatable. During the Second Temple period the", "title": "History of baptism" }, { "id": "14211058", "text": "was chaired by Martin de Alarcón, settling around 30 families in the surrounding area. On July 8, 1718 held at the new Mission San Antonio de Valero the first baptism, as reflected in the baptismal register of the mission. On February 14, 1719, the Marquess of San Miguel de Aguayo made a report to the king of Spain proposing that 400 families be transported from the Canary Islands, Galicia, or Habana to populate the province of Texas. In June 1730, 25 families come to Cuba, and 10 families were sent to Veracruz. Under the leadership of Juan Leal Goraz, the", "title": "History of San Antonio" }, { "id": "14251753", "text": "Baptism memorializes the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus. Baptism, they believe, does not accomplish anything in itself, but is an outward personal sign or testimony that the person's sins have already been washed away by the blood of Christ shed on the cross. It is considered a covenantal act, signifying entrance into the New Covenant of Christ. Immersion baptism, understood as demanding total submersion of the body, is required by Baptists, as enunciated in the 1689 Baptist Catechism: \"Baptism is rightly administered by immersion, or dipping the whole body of the person in water, in the name of the", "title": "Immersion baptism" }, { "id": "3838667", "text": "of Jesus Christ. Many of the interpretations that would later become Orthodox Christian beliefs concerning baptism can be traced to apostles such as Paul, who likened baptism to being buried with Christ in his death (Romans 6:3–4; Colossians 2:12). On the basis of this description, it was supposed by some modern theologians that the early Christians practised baptism by submersion (Matthew 3:13–17). This interpretation is debated between those Christian denominations who advocate immersion baptism exclusively and those who practice baptism by affusion or aspersion as well as by immersion. Yet the Didache, one of the earliest Christian writings on liturgical", "title": "Early Christianity" }, { "id": "39712", "text": "faith by adopting a non-Christian religion or by rejecting religion entirely. But some other organizations and individuals are practicing debaptism. Comparative Summary of Baptisms of Denominations of Christian Influence. (This section does not give a complete listing of denominations, and therefore, it only mentions a fraction of the churches practicing \"believer's baptism\".) Many cultures practice or have practiced initiation rites, with or without the use of water, including the ancient Egyptian, the Hebraic/Jewish, the Babylonian, the Mayan, and the Norse cultures. The modern Japanese practice of Miyamairi is such as ceremony that does not use water. In some, such evidence", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "5442985", "text": "Baptism of Jesus The baptism of Jesus is described in the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. John's gospel does not directly describe Jesus' baptism. Most modern theologians view the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist as a historical event to which a high degree of certainty can be assigned. Along with the crucifixion of Jesus, most biblical scholars view it as one of the two historically certain facts about him, and often use it as the starting point for the study of the historical Jesus. The baptism is one of the five major milestones in the gospel narrative", "title": "Baptism of Jesus" }, { "id": "15136682", "text": "baptism in southern Gaul and northern Italy?\" Jean-Charles Picard concluded that the texts speak only of immersion and that the area has no archaeological images of baptism by pouring water on the head. In 1987, on the basis of archaeology and parallels with Jewish practice, Sanford La Sor considered it likely that total immersion was also Christian practice. In the same year, Lothar Heiser, in his study of baptism in the Orthodox Church, concluded on the basis of the literary and pictorial evidence in that field that \"the water customarily reached the hips of the baptizand; after calling on the", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "15136677", "text": "be conclusive to show that in pre-Constantinian times baptism by affusion only was practiced generally or indeed in any one single case; but it does show that there was nothing repugnant in it to the general mind, that no stress was laid on total immersion, that the most important moments were held to be those when water was poured over the catchumen, and when the minister laid his hand on his head. This, taken in connexion with the known customs of later ages, make it more than probable that the usual method of administration was by affusion only.\" Taking into", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "39711", "text": "who believed did not receive salvation or the baptism of the Holy Spirit until they were water baptized. This period ended with the calling of Paul. Peter's reaction when the Gentiles received the Holy Spirit before baptism is seen as proof of transition from water to Spirit baptism. Also significant is the lack of any instructions in the Acts 15 apostolic conference requiring Gentiles to be water baptized. Most Christian churches see baptism as a once-in-a-lifetime event that can be neither repeated nor undone. They hold that those who have been baptized remain baptized, even if they renounce the Christian", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "5442996", "text": "considered as the start of his ministry, shortly after the start of the ministry of John the Baptist. states that: In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar—when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea ... , the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness. There are two approaches to determining when the reign of Tiberius Caesar started. The traditional approach is that of assuming that the reign of Tiberius started when he became co-regent in 11 AD, placing the start of the ministry of John the Baptist around 26 AD. However, some scholars", "title": "Baptism of Jesus" }, { "id": "39676", "text": "into the New Covenant of Christ. For the majority of Baptists, Christian baptism is the immersion of a believer in water in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. It is an act of obedience symbolizing the believer's faith in a crucified, buried, and risen Saviour, the believer's death to sin, the burial of the old life, and the resurrection to walk in newness of life in Christ Jesus. It is a testimony to the believer's faith in the final resurrection of the dead. Furthermore, for a new convert the general practice is that baptism also", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "13486306", "text": "years of the church, the common requirement for baptism was a profession of faith following a conversion to Christianity. Advocates of believers' baptism argue that this implies infants would not be baptized since they could not profess faith for themselves. Beginning with Augustine, the Catholic Church solidified the practice of infant baptism and there is little mention of competing practices until the 1500s. Augustine held the view that baptism was a requirement for the washing away of sins. He was faced with the issue of whether an unconscious or unwilling individual on their deathbed should be baptized; he felt it", "title": "Believer's baptism" }, { "id": "3302263", "text": "English Puritan Thomas Goodwin equated this experience with the baptism in the Holy Spirit and the \"seal of the Spirit\" referenced in Ephesians 1. Synan traces the influence of Catholic and Anglican mystical traditions on John Wesley's doctrine of Christian perfection or entire sanctification, from which Pentecostal beliefs on Spirit baptism developed. Furthermore, theologian James Dunn notes early Methodist beliefs can be directly linked to Puritan teaching on the Holy Spirit. Wesley taught that while the new birth was the start of the Christian life, \"inbred sin\" remained and must be removed through a lifelong process of moral cleansing. John", "title": "Baptism with the Holy Spirit" }, { "id": "328672", "text": "after the ceremony. It is a naval tradition to baptise children using the ship's bell as a baptismal font and to engrave the child's name on the bell afterwards. Tracking down and searching for an individual's name on a specific bell from a ship may be a difficult and time-consuming task. Christening information from the bells held by the Canadian Forces Base Esquimalt Museum has been entered into a searchable data archive that is accessible to any interested web site visitors. Scholars disagree on the date when infant baptism was first practiced. Some believe that 1st-century Christians did not practice", "title": "Infant baptism" }, { "id": "39651", "text": "the experience of Noah and the passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea divided by Moses. Thus, baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing, but also dying and rising again with Christ. Catholics believe baptism is necessary to cleanse the taint of original sin, and so commonly baptise infants. The Eastern Churches (Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy) also baptize infants on the basis of texts, such as Matthew 19:14, which are interpreted as supporting full Church membership for children. In these denominations, baptism is immediately followed by Chrismation and Communion at the next Divine Liturgy, regardless of", "title": "Baptism" }, { "id": "12361816", "text": "Baptism for the dead Baptism for the dead, vicarious baptism or proxy baptism today commonly refers to the religious practice of baptizing a person on behalf of one who is dead—a living person receiving the rite on behalf of a deceased person. Baptism for the dead is best known as a doctrine of the Latter Day Saint movement, which has practiced it since 1840. It is currently practiced by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), where it is performed only in dedicated temples, as well as in several other current factions of the movement. Those who", "title": "Baptism for the dead" }, { "id": "15136675", "text": "described are of much later periods, while the mosaic in the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Fonte, in Ravenna (erected in the 4th century), which shows John baptizing Jesus by pouring water on his head from a cup, Cote explained as the product of later restoring. The font in this baptistery Cote described as ten feet in diameter and three and a half feet deep. Cote listed 67 still existing Italian baptisteries dating from the 4th to the 14th centuries, all of which he understood to have been used for total immersion. He made no mention of any pre-Constantine evidence.", "title": "Baptism in early Christianity" }, { "id": "3302253", "text": "age God would pour out his spirit upon all of Israel, which would become a nation of prophets. While the exact phrase \"baptism with the Holy Spirit\" is not found in the New Testament, two forms of the phrase are found in the canonical gospels using the verb \"baptize\", from the Greek word \"baptizein\" meaning to \"immerse\" or \"plunge\". The baptism was spoken about by John the Baptist, who contrasted his water baptism for the forgiveness of sins with the baptism of Jesus. In Mark 1 and John 1, the Baptist proclaimed that Jesus \"will baptize in (the) Holy Spirit\";", "title": "Baptism with the Holy Spirit" }, { "id": "13486299", "text": "old enough to earnestly profess their faith. The oldest surviving manual of church discipline, the Didache, envisions the baptism of adults. Advocates of believer's baptism contend that non-Biblical records are not authoritative, and that no evidence exists from the Bible or early Christian literature that infant baptism was practiced by the apostles. Defenders of infant baptism have attempted to trace the practice to the New Testament era, but generally acknowledge that no unambiguous evidence exists that the practice existed prior to the 2nd century. Another argument posed by some advocates of believer's baptism focuses on the fact that most churches", "title": "Believer's baptism" }, { "id": "14251736", "text": "of it was written . The second, with insertions and additions, was written . This work, rediscovered in the 19th century, provides a unique look at Christianity in the Apostolic Age. Its instructions on baptism are as follows: Commentaries, including those that distinguish immersion from submersion, typically understand that the Didache indicates a preference for baptizing by immersion. in \"living water\" (i.e., running water, seen as symbolic of life). Barclay observes that the Didache shows that baptism in the early church was by total immersion, if possible, Barton describes the immersion of the Didache as \"ideally by total immersion\", and", "title": "Immersion baptism" } ]	where did the practice of baptism come from
[ "Louis Riel" ]	[ { "id": "1299539", "text": "its monopoly in the North-West, including Upper Fort Garry. In late 1869 and early 1870, the fort was seized by Louis Riel and his Métis followers during the Red River Rebellion. After the Rebellion, the area around the fort continued to grow. In 1873, the city of Winnipeg was established and the name Fort Garry was no longer used. In 1881-1884 the majority of the fort was demolished to straighten Main Street (it was at Main Street and Assiniboine Avenue). Although only the main gate of the fort remains today, the name \"Fort Garry\" lives on through various institutions and", "title": "Fort Garry" }, { "id": "5350761", "text": "Lake George. During the winter of 1756–57, Fort William Henry was garrisoned by several hundred men from the 44th Foot under Major Will Eyre. In March 1757 the French sent an army of 1,500 to attack the fort under the command of the governor's brother, Pierre de Rigaud. Composed primarily of colonial troupes de la marine, militia, and Indians, and without heavy weapons, they besieged the fort for four days, destroying outbuildings and a large number of watercraft before retreating. Eyre and his men were replaced by Lieutenant Colonel George Monro and the 35th Foot in the spring. Monro established", "title": "Siege of Fort William Henry" }, { "id": "17505552", "text": "American terrorism.\" His famous raid in October, 1859, involved a band of 22 men who seized the Federal armory at Harper's Ferry, West Virginia (then part of Virginia), knowing it contained tens of thousands of weapons. Brown believed the South was on the verge of a gigantic slave uprising and that one spark would set it off. Brown's supporters George Luther Stearns, Franklin B. Sanborn, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Theodore Parker, Samuel Gridley Howe, and Gerrit Smith were all abolitionists, members of the Secret Six who provided financial backing for Brown's raid. Brown's raid, says historian David Potter, \"was meant to", "title": "Abolitionism in the United States" }, { "id": "4770892", "text": "River and across the south basin of Lake Winnipeg to the Red River finally arriving at Fort Garry in late August. Wolseley formed up his troops and immediately began his advance on Upper Fort Garry. As first-hand accounts survive of the troops marching on the fort, the southern gate stood thrown open and the fort was abandoned. Fort Gary was officially reported as being taken back into the Canadian government's control as of August 24 with a ceremonial raising of the Union Jack. Louis Riel and his followers abandoned Fort Garry with the result of it being a bloodless victory", "title": "Wolseley expedition" }, { "id": "1827070", "text": "more resistant. It was loosely organized as the Canadian Party and led by Dr. John Christian Schultz and Charles Mair. Colonel Dennis and Major Charles Boulton also supported it. McDougall appointed Dennis to raise a militia to arrest the Métis who were occupying Upper Fort Garry. The Anglophone settlers largely ignored this call to arms, and Dennis withdrew to Lower Fort Garry. Schultz, however, was emboldened to fortify his house and store and attracted approximately 50 recruits. Riel took the threat seriously and ordered Schultz's home surrounded. The resisters surrendered on December 7 and were imprisoned in Fort Garry. Given", "title": "Red River Rebellion" }, { "id": "5980841", "text": "Capture of Fort Bute The Capture of Fort Bute signalled the opening of Spanish intervention in the American Revolutionary War on the side of France and the United States. Mustering an ad hoc army of Spanish regulars, Acadian militia, and native levies under Gilbert Antoine de St. Maxent, Bernardo de Gálvez, the Governor of Spanish Louisiana stormed and captured the small British frontier post on Bayou Manchac on September 7, 1779. Spain officially entered the American Revolutionary War on May 8, 1779, with a formal declaration of war by King Charles III. This declaration was followed by another on July", "title": "Capture of Fort Bute" }, { "id": "5350749", "text": "Siege of Fort William Henry The Siege of Fort William Henry was conducted in August 1757 by French General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm against the British-held Fort William Henry. The fort, located at the southern end of Lake George, on the frontier between the British Province of New York and the French Province of Canada, was garrisoned by a poorly supported force of British regulars and provincial militia led by Lieutenant Colonel George Monro. After several days of bombardment, Monro surrendered to Montcalm, whose force included nearly 2,000 Indians from a large number of tribes. The terms of surrender included the", "title": "Siege of Fort William Henry" }, { "id": "5612371", "text": "Battle of Fort Pitt The Battle of Fort Pitt (in Saskatchewan) was part of a Cree uprising coinciding with the Métis revolt that started the North-West Rebellion in 1885. Cree warriors began attacking Canadian settlements on April 2. On April 15, they captured Fort Pitt from a detachment of North-West Mounted Police. In the Canadian North-West, a period of escalating unrest immediately preceded the rebellion as Ottawa refused to negotiate with its disaffected citizens. While the Métis under Louis Riel declared a provisional government and mobilized their forces, Cree chief Big Bear was not planning any militarization or violence toward", "title": "Battle of Fort Pitt" }, { "id": "1827060", "text": "McDougall, who along with George-Étienne Cartier had been instrumental in securing Rupert's Land for Canada, ordered a survey party to the Red River Colony. Catholic Bishop Taché, the Anglican bishop of Rupert's land Robert Machray, and the HBC governor of Assiniboia William Mactavish all warned the federal government that such surveys would precipitate unrest. Headed by Colonel John Stoughton Dennis, the survey party arrived at Fort Garry on August 20, 1869. The Métis were anxious about it, as they did not possess clear title to their lands but held a tenuous right of occupancy. In addition, the lots had been", "title": "Red River Rebellion" }, { "id": "5350752", "text": "the North American colonies of France and Great Britain in areas that are now western Pennsylvania and upstate New York. The first few years of the war had not gone particularly well for the British. A major expedition by General Edward Braddock in 1755 ended in disaster, and British military leaders were unable to mount any campaigns the following year. In a major setback, a French and Indian army led by General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm captured the garrison and destroyed fortifications in the Battle of Fort Oswego in August 1756. In July 1756 the Earl of Loudoun arrived to take", "title": "Siege of Fort William Henry" }, { "id": "434006", "text": "and trenches, reaching Smith's division, instructing him to prepare for the next assault, and rode on and met up with McClernand and Wallace. After exchanging reports, he met up with Foote. On February 16, Foote resumed his bombardment, which signaled a general attack. Floyd and Pillow fled, leaving the fort in command of Simon Bolivar Buckner, who submitted to Grant's demand for \"unconditional and immediate surrender\". Grant had won the first major victory for the Union, capturing Floyd's entire rebel army of more than 12,000. Halleck was angry that Grant had acted without his authorization and complained to McClellan, accusing", "title": "Ulysses S. Grant" }, { "id": "5350787", "text": "Indian participation in the French campaigns of the following years. The tribes that Nester lists are: Siege of Fort William Henry The Siege of Fort William Henry was conducted in August 1757 by French General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm against the British-held Fort William Henry. The fort, located at the southern end of Lake George, on the frontier between the British Province of New York and the French Province of Canada, was garrisoned by a poorly supported force of British regulars and provincial militia led by Lieutenant Colonel George Monro. After several days of bombardment, Monro surrendered to Montcalm, whose force", "title": "Siege of Fort William Henry" }, { "id": "119793", "text": "Ethan Allen Ethan Allen ( – February 12, 1789) was a farmer, businessman, land speculator, philosopher, writer, lay theologian, American Revolutionary War patriot, and politician. He is best known as one of the founders of the U.S. state of Vermont, and for the capture of Fort Ticonderoga early in the American Revolutionary War along with Benedict Arnold. He was the brother of Ira Allen and the father of Frances Allen. Born in rural Connecticut, Allen had a frontier upbringing but also received an education that included some philosophical teachings. In the late 1760s he became interested in the New Hampshire", "title": "Ethan Allen" }, { "id": "119871", "text": "Ethan Allen Ethan Allen ( – February 12, 1789) was a farmer, businessman, land speculator, philosopher, writer, lay theologian, American Revolutionary War patriot, and politician. He is best known as one of the founders of the U.S. state of Vermont, and for the capture of Fort Ticonderoga early in the American Revolutionary War along with Benedict Arnold. He was the brother of Ira Allen and the father of Frances Allen. Born in rural Connecticut, Allen had a frontier upbringing but also received an education that included some philosophical teachings. In the late 1760s he became interested in the New Hampshire", "title": "Ethan Allen" }, { "id": "4770884", "text": "the Rebellion of 1870 came when surveyors of the Canadian government arrived at the Red River Settlement on October 11, 1869. A group of Métis soldiers obstructed the surveyor's work and forced them from the settlement. Following this clash, Riel along with loyal supporters were able to evict the local federal government including McDougall, take over Upper Fort Garry and set up a provisional government. Sir John A. Macdonald proposed in 1869 that a force of police officer type troops be sent to modern day Manitoba to control the Métis in the area. He wished to model this police force", "title": "Wolseley expedition" }, { "id": "5612375", "text": "Sites and Monuments plaque designates where Treaty six was signed. Battle of Fort Pitt The Battle of Fort Pitt (in Saskatchewan) was part of a Cree uprising coinciding with the Métis revolt that started the North-West Rebellion in 1885. Cree warriors began attacking Canadian settlements on April 2. On April 15, they captured Fort Pitt from a detachment of North-West Mounted Police. In the Canadian North-West, a period of escalating unrest immediately preceded the rebellion as Ottawa refused to negotiate with its disaffected citizens. While the Métis under Louis Riel declared a provisional government and mobilized their forces, Cree chief", "title": "Battle of Fort Pitt" }, { "id": "1827065", "text": "McDougall to enter the Red River Colony would be blocked unless the Canadians first negotiated terms with the Métis and with the general population of the settlement. On November 2 under the command of Ambroise-Dydime Lépine, the Métis turned back McDougall's party near the United States border and forced them to retreat to Pembina, Dakota Territory. The number of Riel's followers had grown rapidly. That same day Riel led about 400, who were recruited from the fur-brigades who had recently returned to the settlement for the season, in seizing Fort Garry without bloodshed. This would come to be known as", "title": "Red River Rebellion" }, { "id": "14051202", "text": "Siege of Fort Henry (1777) The Siege of Fort Henry was an attack on American militiamen during the American Revolutionary War near the Virginia outpost known as Fort Henry by a mixed band of Indians in September 1777. The fort, named for Virginia Governor Patrick Henry, was at first defended by only a small number of militia, as rumors of the Indian attack had moved faster than the Indians, and a number of militia companies had left the fort. The American settlers were successful in repulsing the Indian attack. In the summer of 1777, rumors began circulating throughout frontier areas", "title": "Siege of Fort Henry (1777)" }, { "id": "2441590", "text": "which was indefensible, to the more modern, more defensible, Fort Sumter in the middle of Charleston Harbor. South Carolina leaders cried betrayal, while the North celebrated with enormous excitement at this show of defiance against secessionism. In February 1861 the Confederate States of America was formed and took charge. Jefferson Davis, the Confederate President, ordered the fort be captured. The artillery attack was commanded by Brig. Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard, who had been Anderson's student at West Point. The attack began April 12, 1861, and continued until Anderson, badly outnumbered and outgunned, surrendered the fort on April 14. The", "title": "Origins of the American Civil War" }, { "id": "4360845", "text": "sortie from the fort attacked the battery on the south bank. The Indians had seemingly not guarded the river properly and the Kentuckians gained complete surprise. Early on the morning of 5 May, a detachment from Clay's brigade under Colonel William Dudley landed from boats on the north bank of the river. Dudley's command comprised 761 of his own 10th Kentucky Detached Regiment of Militia, 60 of the 13th Kentucky Detached Regiment of Militia and 45 U.S. Army regular troops. This force stormed the batteries on the north bank and spiked the guns but used ramrods for the spiking instead", "title": "Siege of Fort Meigs" }, { "id": "1131568", "text": "Shays' Rebellion Shays Rebellion was an armed uprising in Massachusetts, mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787. American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels (called Shaysites) in a protest against perceived economic and civil rights injustices. Shays was a farmhand from Massachusetts at the beginning of the Revolutionary War; he joined the Continental Army, saw action at the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Battle of Bunker Hill, and Battles of Saratoga, and was eventually wounded in action. In 1787, Shays' rebels marched on the United States' Armory at Springfield in an unsuccessful attempt to seize", "title": "Shays' Rebellion" }, { "id": "16536754", "text": "settlements while returning to the Tennessee Valley. Virginia settlers got angry and banded together to pursue the Cherokee, attacking them and killing, scalping and mutilating 20 of the Indians, later collecting the bounty offered for enemy scalps. Although Dinwiddie, the lieutenant governor of Virginia, apologized other Virginians called them horse thieves. Some Cherokees retaliated and the situation spun out of control. The new governor of South Carolina, William Henry Lyttelton, declared war on the Cherokee in 1759. The governor embargoed all shipments of gunpowder to the Cherokee and raised an army of 1,100 provincial troops which marched to confront the", "title": "Siege of Fort Loudoun" }, { "id": "20266636", "text": "Fort Pueblo Massacre The Fort Pueblo massacre was a retaliatory attack that occurred on December 25, 1854 against Fort Pueblo as known as \"El Pueblo\", a settlement on the north side of the Arkansas River, mile west of the mouth of Fountain Creek, above the mouth of the Huerfano. It followed the deaths of Chico Velasquez and others who died after having been given blankets saturated with smallpox by US authorities during the American Indian Wars. Coalition forces of over 100 Muache Utes and Jicarilla Dindes (mostly Muache Utes) under the leadership of Chief Tierra Blanco (Spanish for \"White Earth\")", "title": "Fort Pueblo Massacre" }, { "id": "1759177", "text": "from the fort, it was essentially a battle of musket and bayonet. Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, in command of the French troops at Fort Carillon decided to attack Fort William Henry from Fort Carillon. On August 9, 1757, Montcalm, with an army of 7,000 men consisting of French soldiers, Canadian militia, and Indians from various tribes, took Fort William Henry, situated at the southern point of Lake George. The Indians, who thought that an agreement had been made without their consent, revolted. What ensued were violent attacks by the Indians intoxicated by alcohol. There were, according to sources, between 70 and", "title": "Fort Carillon" }, { "id": "3065194", "text": "Beaufort arrived to seize the fort for the state of North Carolina and the Confederacy. North Carolina Confederate forces occupied the fort for a year, preparing it for battle and arming it with 54 heavy cannons. Early in 1862, Union forces commanded by Maj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside swept through eastern North Carolina, and part of Burnside's command under Brig. Gen. John G. Parke was sent to capture Fort Macon. Parke's men captured Morehead City and Beaufort without resistance, then landed on Bogue Banks during March and April to fight to gain Fort Macon. Col. Moses J. White and 400", "title": "Fort Macon State Park" }, { "id": "20765960", "text": "other side of the river, and, thinking they were Yamasee allies, sent a ferry across, which hastily reversed course and returned when it perceived its mistake. Oglethorpe then landed his regulars a mile north of Pupo and marched on it with four field guns. An advance party of Indians and Rangers attacked the fort, while the regulars under Ens. Sanford Mace opened their artillery fire. The combined assault forced the defenders to surrender after the second volley, just before sunset; the Highlanders and Indian scouts then seized the fort and the took the men of the garrison prisoner. Oglethorpe stationed", "title": "Fort San Francisco de Pupo" }, { "id": "12589459", "text": "John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry (also known as John Brown's raid or The raid on Harpers Ferry) was an effort by abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in 1859 by taking over a United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Brown's party of 22 was defeated by a company of U.S. Marines, led by First Lieutenant Israel Greene. Colonel Robert E. Lee was in overall command of the operation to retake the arsenal. John Brown had originally asked Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass, both of whom he had met in", "title": "John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry" }, { "id": "434004", "text": "that the attack be conducted in close cooperation with navy Flag Officer, Andrew H. Foote. Foote's gunboats bombarded Fort Henry, leading to its surrender on February 6, 1862, before Grant's infantry even arrived. Grant then ordered an immediate assault on Fort Donelson, under the command of John B. Floyd, which dominated the Cumberland River. Unlike Fort Henry, Grant was now going up against a force equal to his. Unaware of the garrison's strength, Grant's forces were over-confident. Grant, McClernand, and Smith positioned their divisions around the fort. The next day McClernand and Smith launched probing attacks on apparent weak spots", "title": "Ulysses S. Grant" }, { "id": "4360846", "text": "of handspikes, which meant that the cannon were only temporarily disabled. Dudley then lost control of some of his men. Coming under fire from Natives in the woods, part of the Kentuckian force pursued Tecumseh's men, who led them deeper into the forest. Dudley followed in an attempt to bring them back, leaving Major James Shelby in command at the battery. Major Adam Muir led three companies of the 41st Foot and one of Canadian militia from the British camp and stormed the battery, killing many of the Kentuckians and forcing Shelby to surrender. In the woods, the disorganised Kentuckians", "title": "Siege of Fort Meigs" }, { "id": "66485", "text": "River with the Grand River in what is now Canyonlands National Park in Utah. The Macomb party designated the confluence as the source of the Colorado River. On April 12, 1861, South Carolina artillery opened fire on Fort Sumter to start the American Civil War. While many gold seekers held sympathies for the Confederacy, the vast majority remained fiercely loyal to the Union cause. In 1862, a force of Texas cavalry invaded the Territory of New Mexico and captured Santa Fe on March 10. The object of this Western Campaign was to seize or disrupt the gold fields of Colorado", "title": "Colorado" }, { "id": "2470476", "text": "Langdon's volunteers not only broke open the powder house and absconded with about 100 barrels of gunpowder but, to three cheers, hauled down the fort's huge British flag. Several injuries but no deaths occurred in the engagement, and Cochran and his men were released after about an hour and a half of confinement. The next day, additional rebel forces arrived in Portsmouth from across the colony, as well as from Maine. Led by John Sullivan, the rebels returned to the fort late on the night of December 15, overran the post without gunfire and removed muskets, military supplies and 16", "title": "Fort William and Mary" }, { "id": "2470472", "text": "century. In 1774, it was the only permanently manned military post in New Hampshire. On December 14, 1774, local Patriots from the Portsmouth area, led by John Langdon, stormed the post (overcoming a six-man caretaker detachment) and seized the garrison's powder, which was distributed through several New Hampshire towns for potential use in the looming struggle against Great Britain. On December 15, 1774, patriots led by John Sullivan again raided the fort, this time seizing numerous cannons. As tensions increased before the American Revolutionary War, Lord North's ministry became concerned that the profusion of arms in New England would lead", "title": "Fort William and Mary" }, { "id": "1827055", "text": "of separate French schools for Métis children and protection for the practice of Catholicism. After reaching an agreement, Canada sent a military expedition to Manitoba to enforce federal authority. Now known as the Wolseley Expedition (or Red River Expedition), it consisted of Canadian militia and British regular soldiers led by Colonel Garnet Wolseley. Outrage grew in Ontario over Scott's execution, and many eastern folks demanded that Wolseley's expedition arrest Riel for murder and suppress what they considered to be rebellion. Riel peacefully withdrew from Fort Garry the day the troops arrived. Warned by many that the soldiers would harm him,", "title": "Red River Rebellion" }, { "id": "10100384", "text": "done to stop the besiegers using the outlying heights. The garrison was supported by the sloop of war \"Baltimore\" and she had been joined by the bomb vessel the \"Serpant\" on 15 February. On the Jacobites' side the operation was entrusted to the same team who had taken Fort Augustus: Lieutenant Colonel Stapleton, the French regulars and the clansman under Cameron of Lochiel and MacDonald of Keppoch. The Jacobites arrived with siege cannon on 20 March and both Cameron of Lochiel and MacDonald of Keppoch wrote to their Jacobite leader, Charles Edward Stuart to tell him that they had declared", "title": "Siege of Fort William" }, { "id": "5980847", "text": "at Baton Rouge secured for Gálvez the surrender of the remaining British outposts on the Mississippi River. Gálvez then returned to New Orleans and began planning a campaign against Mobile and Pensacola, the remaining British strongholds in West Florida. Capture of Fort Bute The Capture of Fort Bute signalled the opening of Spanish intervention in the American Revolutionary War on the side of France and the United States. Mustering an ad hoc army of Spanish regulars, Acadian militia, and native levies under Gilbert Antoine de St. Maxent, Bernardo de Gálvez, the Governor of Spanish Louisiana stormed and captured the small", "title": "Capture of Fort Bute" }, { "id": "4770882", "text": "Wolseley expedition The Wolseley expedition was a military force authorized by Sir John A. Macdonald to confront Louis Riel and the Métis in 1870, during the Red River Rebellion, at the Red River Colony in what is now the Canadian province of Manitoba. The expedition was also intended to counter American expansionist sentiments in northern border states. Leaving Toronto on in May 1870, the expedition arrived at Fort Garry on August 24, 1870. After a journey of three months in arduous conditions, the Expedition arrived at, and captured, Fort Garry. This extinguished Riel's Provisional Government, and eradicated the threat of", "title": "Wolseley expedition" }, { "id": "7048497", "text": "Siege of Fort Motte The Siege of Fort Motte was a military operation during the American Revolutionary War. A force of Patriots led by General Francis \"Swamp Fox\" Marion and Lt. Colonel \"Light Horse\" Harry Lee set out to capture the British post at Fort Motte, the informal name of a plantation mansion fortified by the British for use as a depot because of its strategic location at the confluence of the Congaree and Wateree rivers. The British garrisoned roughly 175 British soldiers under Lt. Daniel McPherson at the fort. Marion and Lee learned that Lord Rawdon was retreating towards", "title": "Siege of Fort Motte" }, { "id": "10977266", "text": "Siege of Fort Watson The Siege of Fort Watson was an American Revolutionary War confrontation in South Carolina that began on April 15, 1781 and lasted until April 23, 1781. Continental Army forces under Henry \"Light Horse Harry\" Lee and South Carolina militia under Francis Marion besieged Fort Watson, a fortified British outpost that formed part of the communication and supply chain between Charleston and other British outposts further inland. The attackers, lacking artillery, were unable to make a dent in the fortified works, and failed in attempts to deny the garrison of a water supply. They then devised a", "title": "Siege of Fort Watson" }, { "id": "14051208", "text": "Following the Revolutionary War, Captain Samuel Mason would later turn to a life of crime as a river pirate in 1797 at Cave-In-Rock on the Ohio River and a highwayman on the Natchez Trace. Siege of Fort Henry (1777) The Siege of Fort Henry was an attack on American militiamen during the American Revolutionary War near the Virginia outpost known as Fort Henry by a mixed band of Indians in September 1777. The fort, named for Virginia Governor Patrick Henry, was at first defended by only a small number of militia, as rumors of the Indian attack had moved faster", "title": "Siege of Fort Henry (1777)" }, { "id": "15260628", "text": "Buckingham's rebellion Buckingham's rebellion was a failed but significant uprising, or collection of uprisings, of October 1483 in England and parts of Wales against Richard III of England. To the extent that these local risings had a central coordination, the plot revolved around Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, who had become disaffected from Richard, and had backing from the exiled Henry Tudor (the future king Henry VII) and his mother Margaret Beaufort. Rebels took arms against the king, who had assumed power from Edward V in June of that year. They included many loyalists of Edward V, and others", "title": "Buckingham's rebellion" }, { "id": "776108", "text": "The massacre prompted the Canadian government to take notice of the growing unrest in the North-West Territories. When the rebellion was put down, the government hanged Wandering Spirit, the war chief responsible for the Frog Lake Massacre. On April 15, 1885, 200 Cree warriors descended on Fort Pitt. They intercepted a police scouting party, killing a constable, wounding another, and captured a third. Surrounded and outnumbered, garrison commander Francis Dickens capitulated and agreed to negotiate with the attackers. Big Bear released the remaining police officers but kept the townspeople as hostages and destroyed the fort. Six days later, Inspector Dickens", "title": "North-West Rebellion" }, { "id": "6782131", "text": "Siege of Fort Detroit \"For the action in the War of 1812, see the Siege of Detroit\" The Siege of Fort Detroit was an ultimately unsuccessful attempt by North American Indians to capture Fort Detroit during Pontiac's Rebellion. The siege was led primarily by Pontiac, an Ottawa chief and military leader. Fort Detroit had been captured by the British during the French and Indian War following the Fall of Montreal in 1760. It was on territory ceded by France to Great Britain in the Treaty of Paris in 1763 and was garrisoned by a British force during Pontiac's Rebellion. On", "title": "Siege of Fort Detroit" }, { "id": "88412", "text": "and capture of Fort Sumter in April 1861, Lincoln called up 75,000 of the states' militia to muster under his command. The stated purpose was to re-occupy U.S. properties throughout the South, as the U.S. Congress had not authorized their abandonment. The resistance at Fort Sumter signaled his change of policy from that of the Buchanan Administration. Lincoln's response ignited a firestorm of emotion. The people of both North and South demanded war, and young men rushed to their colors in the hundreds of thousands. Four more states (Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas) refused Lincoln's call for troops and", "title": "Confederate States of America" }, { "id": "15860090", "text": "a mile, making it even easier to defend against attackers. During the siege many Americans defended the fort from the British and Native American attack on Fort Henry. While not all names of those present were recorded, the following 47 people were involved in the defense of Fort Henry from September 11–13, 1782. Lydia Boggs, Andrew Scott, James Boggs, Molly Scott, Agnus/Shamus Bruce, Robert Scott, Margaret Bruce, Henry Smith, James Caldwell, James Smith, Harry Clark, Thomas Smith, James Clark, Conrad Stroop, Casper French, Copeland Sullivan, George Greer, Rachael Sullivan, Rachael Johnson, Copeland Sullivan(Jr), George Kerr, John Tait, Hamilton Kerr, Samuel", "title": "Siege of Fort Henry (1782)" }, { "id": "6162205", "text": "the Native Americans to trap and hunt, as well as rendering them less of a threat. The British colonists did not emphasize maintaining good relationships with the Native Americans. But the French Canadians had formed many families through intermarriage and knew about the Native American custom of giving gifts. After the French left the conflict, Pontiac war-leader of the Ottawa, rallied several tribes in Pontiac's Rebellion. He attempted to capture Detroit from the British on May 7, 1763. They failed to capture the fort, as the British were forewarned of the attack, but did lay siege to it (see the", "title": "Fort Detroit" }, { "id": "2828663", "text": "de Cavagnal, which was the farthest west fort in Louisiana (New France). Its commandant was François Coulon de Villiers, a brother to Louis Coulon de Villiers, who was the only military commander to force George Washington to surrender (after avenging the murder of his half brother Joseph Coulon de Jumonville while in Washington's custody, which was the incident that set off the French and Indian War). The French abandoned the fort after ceding its territory to Louisiana (New Spain) at the conclusion of the French and Indian War. Early American explorers on the Missouri River to visit the area of", "title": "Fort Leavenworth" }, { "id": "4086160", "text": "hunting grounds and game. After initial hostilities, the Mormons, led by Brigham Young, pursued a policy of reconciliation with the Shoshone. But other settlers complained, and the federal government ordered the U.S. Army into the Utah Territory in 1858, resulting in full-scale conflict between the U.S. and the Shoshone. There had been escalating conflicts, with the Shoshone and Bannock tribes pitted against the increasing tide of European-American settlers. The latter encroached on the Native Americans' traditional territory, competing for resources and damaging the habitat of game they depended on. In January 1863 Colonel Patrick Edward Connor led his troops from", "title": "Fort Hall Indian Reservation" }, { "id": "6633663", "text": "Christopher Rodgers, \"USS Flag\", led a landing party of sailors and Marines in thirteen surf-boats to occupy the Lighthouse and the Martello tower, and flew the national flag from them. Overnight, a reduced company set false campfires to misdirect the Confederates ashore. Two days later commanding Flag Officer Du Pont and General Thomas Sherman made a personal reconnaissance, and on 29 November, General Gillmore, the command's chief engineering officer, with three companies of the Fourth New Hampshire, took formal possession of the entire island without opposition. The Navy set the logistics train in motion, and by December 20, the Army", "title": "Siege of Fort Pulaski" }, { "id": "5810122", "text": "mostly by enslaved African-American workers. January 8, 1861, more than three months before the American Civil War officially started at Fort Sumter, South Carolina, a company of 50 U.S. Army soldiers stationed at Fort Barrancas, under the command of John H. Winder fired upon a militia. This militia was Florida state troops under Colonel William Henry Chase demanding that the U.S. troops surrender the fort. Lieutenant Adam J. Slemmer, acting commander in Winder's absence, had the troops fire shots meant to repel the militia. Lt Slemmer knew that Fort Pickens was easier to defend, so he spiked the guns at", "title": "Fort Barrancas" }, { "id": "2189076", "text": "Point on May 11. Seven days later, Arnold and 50 men intrepidly raided Fort Saint-Jean on the Richelieu River in southern Quebec, seizing military supplies, cannons, and the largest military vessel on Lake Champlain. Although the scope of this military action was relatively minor, it had significant strategic importance. It impeded communication between northern and southern units of the British Army, and gave the nascent Continental Army a staging ground for the invasion of Quebec later in 1775. It also involved two larger-than-life personalities in Allen and Arnold, each of whom sought to gain as much credit and honor as", "title": "Capture of Fort Ticonderoga" }, { "id": "4373960", "text": "the garrison into thinking they had artillery besieging the fort as well. Captain Rhea was again drunk, and \"took to his quarters, sick.\" The Indian Agent at Fort Wayne, Benjamin Stickney, was recovering from an illness, but took command of the fort with Lieutenants Daniel Curtis and Phillip Ostrander organizing the defense. Chief Winamac came to the gate again, that evening, and was admitted- unarmed- with thirteen of his men. As they talked, Winamac revealed a knife that he had hidden, and a fur trader, Antoine Bondie, jumped forward to save the life of Stickney. Winamac left the fort, and", "title": "Siege of Fort Wayne" }, { "id": "6633662", "text": "from Union warships, but the fort was lost before the reinforcements could arrive. The ship took off the garrison and returned to Savannah for repairs. After building up facilities on Hilton Head Island, the Federals began preparations for besieging Fort Pulaski. The Union expedition next captured Tybee Island. The Union advance on Fort Pulaski began on November 24, 1861. Following reconnaissance that Confederates had abandoned Tybee Island, Flag Officer Du Pont ordered forward an amphibious raid with three gunboats at the Tybee Island Lighthouse. Under a two-hour ship's bombardment, the Confederate pickets set fire to the lighthouse and withdrew. Commander", "title": "Siege of Fort Pulaski" }, { "id": "3910965", "text": "hold the fort on behalf of the new monarchs until they sent a properly accredited governor. Leisler's exact role in the militia uprising is unknown, but a number of observations point to his involvement. He and militia captain Charles Lodewick presented the petition on May 22. Jost Stoll, one of his officers, led the militia to the gates of Fort James, and another of his officers delivered the demand for the keys to the powder magazine. However, none of the depositions which Nicholson collected prior to his departure directly implicates Leisler as a ringleader. At this point, the militia controlled", "title": "Leisler's Rebellion" }, { "id": "6485344", "text": "and controversial. The British Army abandoned the fort sometime during this period. According to the autobiography of James Smith, leader of a colonial movement known as the \"Black Boys\", he and his men captured the fort in 1769. This incident is documented only in Smith's autobiography, so it may be a tall tale, although historian Gregory Evans Dowd (\"War Under Heaven: Pontiac, the Indian Nations, & the British Empire\", 2002) notes that there is some corroborating evidence, and that some other historians believe the tale to be true. Smith called this the first British fort to fall in the era", "title": "Fort Bedford" }, { "id": "12589488", "text": "of the events are particularly clear with regard to the Heyward Shepherd monument. John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry (also known as John Brown's raid or The raid on Harpers Ferry) was an effort by abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in 1859 by taking over a United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Brown's party of 22 was defeated by a company of U.S. Marines, led by First Lieutenant Israel Greene. Colonel Robert E. Lee was in overall command of the operation to retake the arsenal. John Brown had originally", "title": "John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry" }, { "id": "3616224", "text": "Fort Sanders was the most appropriate place to attempt a breakthrough of the Union defenses. He initially planned an assault on November 20, but chose to delay while he received reinforcements. His eventual assault was conducted by three infantry brigades, under Brig. Gen. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Brig. Gen. Goode Bryan, and Col. Solon Z. Ruff (commanding Wofford's Brigade). On November 23, 1863, Longstreet's forces seized Cherokee Heights, a tall bluff south of the Holston River (now called the Tennessee River) from Knoxville, but only about from Fort Sanders. Longstreet's original intent was to use artillery to \"soften up\" Fort Sanders", "title": "Battle of Fort Sanders" }, { "id": "4799207", "text": "the 12th West Virginia Infantry Regiment were reported to be the first to cross into the fort after their flag had been planted at the top of the wall. After several bayonet charges, the Union attackers finally carried the works by sheer force of numbers and, after desperate hand-to-hand combat, forced the surviving defenders to surrender. As the assault on Fort Gregg concluded, Turner's Third Brigade under Brigadier General Thomas M. Harris attacked Fort Whitworth, where Confederate Brigadier General Nathaniel Harris was in command. Fort Whitworth fell soon after Fort Gregg was taken as it was then being evacuated, with", "title": "Appomattox Campaign" }, { "id": "2441573", "text": "profited from the domestic trade, opposed the reopening of the slave trade since they saw it as a potential form of competition. The convention in 1858 wound up voting to recommend the repeal of all laws against slave imports, despite some reservations. On October 16, 1859, radical abolitionist John Brown led an attempt to start an armed slave revolt by seizing the U.S. Army arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia). Brown and twenty followers, both whites (including two of Brown's sons) and blacks (three free blacks, one freedman, and one fugitive slave), planned to seize the armory and", "title": "Origins of the American Civil War" }, { "id": "347933", "text": "Lee was at both events. Lee initially remained loyal to the Union after Texas seceded. John Brown led a band of 21 abolitionists who seized the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in October 1859, hoping to incite a slave rebellion. President James Buchanan gave Lee command of detachments of militia, soldiers, and United States Marines, to suppress the uprising and arrest its leaders. By the time Lee arrived that night, the militia on the site had surrounded Brown and his hostages. At dawn, Brown refused the demand for surrender. Lee attacked, and Brown and his followers were captured after", "title": "Robert E. Lee" }, { "id": "5536310", "text": "13. General Carleton escaped from Montreal, and made his way to Quebec City to prepare its defences against an anticipated attack. Fort Saint-Jean guarded the entry to the province of Quebec on the Richelieu River at the northern end of Lake Champlain. When Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen captured Fort Ticonderoga and raided Fort St. Jean in May 1775, Quebec was garrisoned by about 600 regular troops, some of which were widely distributed throughout Quebec's large territory. The invasion of Quebec began when about 1500 men, then under the command of General Philip Schuyler, arrived at the undefended Île-aux-Noix in", "title": "Siege of Fort St. Jean" }, { "id": "2980407", "text": "In order to consolidate British control of the immediate area, Clinton dispatched Banastre Tarleton and Patrick Ferguson to capture Monck's Corner on 14 April. On 18 April, Lt. Col. Lord Rawdon arrived with 2,500 men, including the 42nd Highlanders, the Hessian von Ditfurth Regiment, the Queen's Rangers, Prince of Wales American Volunteers, and the Volunteers of Ireland. Charleston was then completely surrounded. Governor John Rutledge escaped on 13 April, before Cornwallis crossed the Cooper River, and joined Webster in blocking escape from the left bank. On 21 April, Lincoln requested a surrender with \"honours of war\", which was rejected by", "title": "Siege of Charleston" }, { "id": "2199748", "text": "on an island controlling the entrance of Charleston Harbor. An attempt by U.S. President James Buchanan to reinforce and resupply Anderson using the unarmed merchant ship \"Star of the West\" failed when it was fired upon by shore batteries on January 9, 1861. South Carolina authorities then seized all Federal property in the Charleston area except for Fort Sumter. During the early months of 1861, the situation around Fort Sumter increasingly began to resemble a siege. In March, Brigadier General P. G. T. Beauregard, the first general officer of the newly formed Confederate States Army, was placed in command of", "title": "Battle of Fort Sumter" }, { "id": "6782136", "text": "siege and traveled south to the Maumee River, where he continued his efforts to rally resistance against the British. Siege of Fort Detroit \"For the action in the War of 1812, see the Siege of Detroit\" The Siege of Fort Detroit was an ultimately unsuccessful attempt by North American Indians to capture Fort Detroit during Pontiac's Rebellion. The siege was led primarily by Pontiac, an Ottawa chief and military leader. Fort Detroit had been captured by the British during the French and Indian War following the Fall of Montreal in 1760. It was on territory ceded by France to Great", "title": "Siege of Fort Detroit" }, { "id": "2470477", "text": "cannons marked as the property of the King. British authorities declared the raids - for which Sullivan later received a stipend from the Continental Congress - high treason. In response to a call for aid from Boston by British Governor John Wentworth, the armed hydrographic survey sloop \"Canceaux\" arrived to keep the peace in New Hampshire on December 17, followed by the twenty-gun frigate \"Scarborough\" on December 19, with numerous Royal Marines aboard. The Governor and his family were driven from their home in Portsmouth in the summer of 1775 and forced to take refuge in the fort, guarded by", "title": "Fort William and Mary" }, { "id": "5575517", "text": "Battle of Fort Cumberland The Battle of Fort Cumberland (also known as the Eddy Rebellion) was an attempt by a small number of militia commanded by Jonathan Eddy to bring the American Revolutionary War to Nova Scotia in late 1776. With minimal logistical support from Massachusetts and four to five hundred volunteer militia and Natives, Eddy attempted to besiege and storm Fort Cumberland in central Nova Scotia (near the present-day border between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick) in November 1776. The fort's defenders, the Royal Fencible American Regiment led by Joseph Goreham, a veteran of the French and Indian War,", "title": "Battle of Fort Cumberland" }, { "id": "5350766", "text": "under Lévis' command, travelling overland along Lake George's western shore because the expedition did not have enough boats to carry the entire force. Montcalm and the remaining forces sailed the next day, and met with Lévis for the night at Ganaouske Bay. The next night, Lévis camped just from Fort William Henry, with Montcalm not far behind. Early on the morning of 3 August, Lévis and the Canadians blocked the road between Edward and William Henry, skirmishing with the recently arrived Massachusetts militia. Montcalm summoned Monro to surrender at 11:00 am. Monro refused, and sent messengers south to Fort Edward,", "title": "Siege of Fort William Henry" }, { "id": "2623077", "text": "on July 12, 1776. They began reconstruction and renamed it Fort Schuyler, although many continued to call it Fort Stanwix. Colonel Peter Gansevoort took over command of the fort on May 3, 1777. On August 3, 1777, the fort was besieged by The King's 8th Regiment of Foot, Loyalists, and Indians, under the command of Brigadier General Barry St. Leger, as part of a three-pronged campaign to divide the American colonies. Gansevoort refused the terms of surrender offered by the British, and the siege commenced. According to local folklore, when the Colonial troops raised the flag over the fort on", "title": "Fort Stanwix" }, { "id": "10916021", "text": "the war. Except for Santo Domingo and some of the nearby towns, the whole country rose in arms. Town after town in Cibao joined the rebellion, and on September 3, a force of 6,000 guerrillas under Commander-in-Chief General besieged Fort San Luis and its 800 Spanish soldiers in Santiago, capturing it on September 13. The rebels established a new government the following day, with José Antonio Salcedo as self-appointed president, and immediately denounced Santana, who was now leading the Spanish forces, as a traitor. Salcedo attempted to engage the U.S. for assistance, but was rebuffed.By March 1864, 1,000 Spaniards had", "title": "Dominican Restoration War" }, { "id": "5536336", "text": "but most were driven off by Seth Warner's use of field artillery that had been captured at Chambly. Maclean attempted to press forward, but his militia forces began to desert him, and the forces under Brown and Livingston were growing in number. He retreated back to Sorel, and made his way back to Quebec. In late October, the American troop strength surged again with the arrival of 500 men from New York and Connecticut, including Brigadier General David Wooster. This news, combined with the new battery trained on the fort, news of the failed relief expedition, and dwindling supplies, made", "title": "Siege of Fort St. Jean" }, { "id": "14529732", "text": "the frontier, decided to raise a significant expedition to capture and destroy St. Augustine, capital of Spanish Florida. As part of the campaign, he realized his forces had to capture and hold Fort Mose. Oglethorpe launched his campaign. Regular troops from South Carolina and Georgia, militia volunteers, about 600 allied American Indian Creek and Uchise allies, and about 800 black slaves as auxiliaries made up the expedition, which was supported at sea by seven ships of the British Royal Navy. Montiano, who had 600 regulars including reinforcements recently arrived from Cuba, was forced to resist entrenched. On several occasions he", "title": "Siege of Fort Mose" }, { "id": "2189088", "text": "dawn approached, Allen and Arnold became fearful of losing the element of surprise, so they decided to attack with the men at hand. The only sentry on duty at the south gate fled his post after his musket misfired, and the Americans rushed into the fort. The Patriots then roused the small number of sleeping troops at gunpoint and began confiscating their weapons. Allen, Arnold, and a few other men charged up the stairs toward the officers' quarters. Lieutenant Jocelyn Feltham, the assistant to Captain William Delaplace, was awakened by the noise, and called to wake the captain. Stalling for", "title": "Capture of Fort Ticonderoga" }, { "id": "1827084", "text": "peace.\" Knowing he would be arrested and charged with criminal acts, and believing that members of the Canadian militia in the expedition meant to lynch him, Riel and his followers fled hurriedly when the troops arrived unexpectedly at Fort Garry on August 24 in pouring rain. The arrival of the expedition at Fort Garry marked the effective end of the Red River Rebellion. The Red River resistance was described as a rebellion only after sentiment grew in Ontario against the execution of Thomas Scott. Historian A. G. Morice suggests that the phrase \"Red River Rebellion\" owes its persistence to alliteration,", "title": "Red River Rebellion" }, { "id": "1131607", "text": "York. The memorial commemorates General Benjamin Lincoln, who raised 3,000 troops and routed the rebellion on February 4, 1787. It ends with the line, \"Obedience to the law is true liberty.\" Shays' Rebellion Shays Rebellion was an armed uprising in Massachusetts, mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787. American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels (called Shaysites) in a protest against perceived economic and civil rights injustices. Shays was a farmhand from Massachusetts at the beginning of the Revolutionary War; he joined the Continental Army, saw action at the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Battle", "title": "Shays' Rebellion" }, { "id": "5536311", "text": "the Richelieu River on September 4, 1775. On September 6, the Americans began making forays toward Fort St. Jean, only away. The army was initially composed of militia forces from New York and Connecticut, with most of its operation directed by Brigadier General Richard Montgomery, who took over complete command from Schuyler on September 16, when Schuyler became too ill to continue leading the invasion. Fort St. Jean had been under preparations for an attack from the south ever since Arnold's raid on Fort St. Jean on May 18, in which he captured its small garrison and Lake Champlain's only", "title": "Siege of Fort St. Jean" }, { "id": "10910268", "text": "the American Revolutionary War. The fort consisted of a ditch eighteen feet wide and nine feet deep surrounding an earthen wall with palisades in the form of \"chevaux de frise\". It was armed with thirteen cannon, 400 regular British soldiers from the 16th and 60th Regiments of Foot, a company of grenadiers from Waldeck, and an estimated 150 Loyalist Militia. The fort was captured on September 21, 1779, when Bernardo de Gálvez, the colonial Governor of Spanish Louisiana, after capturing Fort Bute led his force of approximately 1,000 men (reduced by the hardships of the march from New Orleans) against", "title": "Fort New Richmond" }, { "id": "10125013", "text": "on April 8. The information was telegraphed that night to Confederate President Jefferson Davis in Richmond. The Confederate cabinet was already meeting to discuss the Sumter crisis, and on April 10 Davis decided to demand the surrender of the fort and bombard it if the demand was refused. An attack on the fort was initiated on April 12, and the fort surrendered the next day. The relief expedition sent by the Union arrived too late to intervene. On April 15, following the Attack on Fort Sumter, Lincoln declared that a state of rebellion existed and called up a force of", "title": "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln" }, { "id": "3181363", "text": "Fort Donelson National Battlefield Fort Donelson National Battlefield preserves Fort Donelson and Fort Heiman, two sites of the American Civil War Forts Henry and Donelson Campaign, in which Union Army Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant and Flag Officer Andrew Hull Foote captured three Confederate forts and opened two rivers, the Tennessee River and the Cumberland River, to control by the Union Navy. The commanders received national recognition for their victories in February 1862, as they were the first major Union successes of the war. The capture of Fort Donelson and its garrison by the Union led to the capture of", "title": "Fort Donelson National Battlefield" }, { "id": "4745105", "text": "brigades into the Arcadia valley, where he invested the fort with his three divisions on the evening of September 26. Union Brig. General Thomas Ewing, deputy commander of the District of St. Louis and a brother-in-law to William T. Sherman, had arrived at Fort Davidson with 200 Iowa infantry to augment the small Federal force already there. He was scouting the route Price might take towards St. Louis when he got word that the Ironton-St. Louis railroad behind him had been cut by Confederate cavalry. Despite being outnumbered ten-to-one, he decided to stand and fight. The fort occupied a strong", "title": "Battle of Fort Davidson" }, { "id": "601156", "text": "Bruce Catton writes: Modern historians generally believe that Forrest's attack on Fort Pillow was a massacre, noting high casualty rates, and the rebels targeting black soldiers. The consensus of recent historians is that Forrest did not order the massacre; after thorough investigation he was not charged with a crime nor dereliction of duty. It was, however, the South's publicly stated position that slaves firing on whites would be killed on the spot, along with Southern whites that fought for the Union, whom the Confederacy considered traitors. According to this analysis, Forrest's troops were carrying out Confederate policy, and were simply", "title": "Nathan Bedford Forrest" }, { "id": "18101819", "text": "conference at New Casco with representatives of the Abenaki tribes on June 20, 1703, trying to convince them not to ally with the French. His efforts were unsuccessful, as the fort was besieged only two months later by Abenaki chiefs Moxus, Wanungonet, Assacombuit and their French Allies in the Northeast Coast Campaign (1703). John March was the commander of the fort. vastly outnumbered English were relieved by the armed vessel \"Province Galley\", which dispersed the Abenaki and the some 500 French with its guns. The natives killed 25 English and took many others prisoner. Major Samuel Moody became the commander", "title": "Fort Loyal" }, { "id": "7924767", "text": "army, fresh still from the purges of the civil war of 1829-1830. On June 4, 1837, Coronel José Antonio Vidaurre, commander of the \"Maipo\" regiment, captured and imprisoned Portales while he was reviewing troops at the army barracks in Quillota. Vidaurre immediately proceeded to attack Valparaíso on the mistaken belief that public opinion opposed to the war would support him and topple the government. Rear Admiral Manuel Blanco Encalada, in charge of the defense, defeated him right outside the port at the Battle of Baron. Captain Santiago Florín, who was in charge of Portales, had him shot when he heard", "title": "War of the Confederation" }, { "id": "2189075", "text": "Capture of Fort Ticonderoga The capture of Fort Ticonderoga occurred during the American Revolutionary War on May 10, 1775, when a small force of Green Mountain Boys led by Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold surprised and captured the fort's small British garrison. The cannons and other armaments were later transported to Boston by Colonel Henry Knox and used to fortify Dorchester Heights and break the standoff at the Siege of Boston. Capture of the fort marked the beginning of offensive action taken by the Americans against the British. After seizing Ticonderoga, a small detachment captured the nearby Fort Crown", "title": "Capture of Fort Ticonderoga" }, { "id": "16536752", "text": "exacerbated bad relations with the Cherokee. In 1759 Captain John Stuart and a reinforcement of 60 or 70 artillerymen of the South Carolina Provincial Regiment, known as the 'Buffs' after their facing colors, arrived bringing supplies of meat, flour, salt, ammunition and clothing. The alliance between the Cherokee and the British began to unravel with the British expedition under General Forbes against Fort Dusquesne in 1758. The Cherokee felt their efforts were unappreciated. Conocotocko, then the leading chief of the Cherokee, ordered his warriors home. Later, a contingent of Cherokee warriors under Moytoy accompanied Virginian troops on a campaign against", "title": "Siege of Fort Loudoun" }, { "id": "8990300", "text": "Arbuckle decided to detain Cornstalk and several other Shawnees as hostages in order to ensure that the Shawnees stayed neutral. When an American militiaman was killed outside the fort by Indians on November 10, his enraged companions charged into the fort and murdered Cornstalk and the other three Shawnee prisoners. Virginia's governor Patrick Henry brought the killers to trial, but they were acquitted because no one would testify against them. On May 20, 1778, about 200 Wyandots and Mingos under Dunquat, the Wyandot \"Half King\", surrounded Fort Randolph and began a week-long siege. Unable to compel the surrender of the", "title": "Fort Randolph (West Virginia)" }, { "id": "2582972", "text": "occupied Fort Ticonderoga and Mount Independence, the extensive fortifications on the Vermont side of the lake, without opposition on 6 July. Advance units pursued the retreating Americans. The uncontested surrender of Ticonderoga caused an uproar in the American public and in its military circles, as Ticonderoga was widely believed to be virtually impregnable, and a vital point of defense. General St. Clair and his superior, General Philip Schuyler, were vilified by Congress. Both were eventually exonerated in courts martial, but their careers were adversely affected. Schuyler had already lost his command to Horatio Gates by the time of the court", "title": "Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777)" }, { "id": "16646871", "text": "the 300 Frasers who had already defected to the Jacobites. Lord Lovat made the excuse that 'he could not govern his son and some of the young men of his name'. Siege of Fort Augustus (December 1745) The first siege of Fort Augustus took place in December 1745 and was part of the Jacobite rising of 1745. A force of 600 men from the recently formed Independent Highland Companies, formed to support the British-Hanoverian Government liberated the fort from the Clan Fraser after a small skirmish. The Clan Fraser had originally supported the British Government during the Jacobite rebellion of", "title": "Siege of Fort Augustus (December 1745)" }, { "id": "5669952", "text": "Fort Mims massacre The Fort Mims massacre took place on August 30, 1813, during the Creek War, when a force of Creek Indians belonging to the Red Sticks faction, under the command of head warriors Peter McQueen and William Weatherford (also known as Lamochattee or Red Eagle), stormed the fort and defeated the militia garrison. Afterward, a massacre ensued and almost all of the remaining Creek métis, white settlers, and militia at Fort Mims were killed. The fort was a stockade with a blockhouse surrounding the house and outbuildings of the settler Samuel Mims, located about 35 miles north of", "title": "Fort Mims massacre" }, { "id": "5612373", "text": "raiding parties pillaging the towns of Lac La Biche Saddle Lake, Beaverhill Lake, Bear Hills, Lac St. Anne and Green Lake. These events prompted the mobilization of an Alberta field force under Thomas Bland Strange. The Cree would later defeat the Albertans at the Battle of Frenchman's Butte. On April 15, 200 Cree warriors descended on Fort Pitt. They intercepted a police scouting party, killing a constable, wounding another, and captured a third. Surrounded and outnumbered, garrison commander Francis Dickens (son of famed novelist Charles Dickens) capitulated and agreed to negotiate with the attackers. Big Bear released the remaining police", "title": "Battle of Fort Pitt" }, { "id": "698763", "text": "1758. Amherst then led an army against French troops on Lake Champlain, where he captured Fort Ticonderoga in July 1759, while another army under William Johnson took Niagara also in July 1759 and James Wolfe besieged and eventually captured Quebec with a third army in September 1759. Amherst served as the nominal Crown Governor of Virginia from 12 September 1759. From July 1760, Amherst led an army down the Saint Lawrence River from Fort Oswego, joined with Brigadier Murray from Quebec and Brigadier Haviland from Ile-aux-Noix in a three-way pincer, and captured Montreal, ending French rule in North America on", "title": "Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst" }, { "id": "16646869", "text": "Siege of Fort Augustus (December 1745) The first siege of Fort Augustus took place in December 1745 and was part of the Jacobite rising of 1745. A force of 600 men from the recently formed Independent Highland Companies, formed to support the British-Hanoverian Government liberated the fort from the Clan Fraser after a small skirmish. The Clan Fraser had originally supported the British Government during the Jacobite rebellion of 1715–1716. However, during the rebellion of 1745–1746 a large number of them supported the Jacobite cause. Shortly after the siege of Fort Augustus, Lord Loudoun with 600 men of the Independent", "title": "Siege of Fort Augustus (December 1745)" }, { "id": "2337815", "text": "the town with 17,000 Confederate troops, thus cutting off northern commerce to the south and beyond. Two days later, Union Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, displaying the personal initiative that would characterize his later career, seized Paducah, Kentucky, a major transportation hub of rail and port facilities at the mouth of the Tennessee River. Henceforth, neither adversary respected Kentucky's proclaimed neutrality, and the Confederate advantage was lost. The buffer zone that Kentucky provided between the North and the South was no longer available to assist in the defense of Tennessee. By early 1862, a single general, Albert Sidney Johnston, commanded", "title": "Battle of Fort Henry" }, { "id": "5575541", "text": "National Historic Site of Canada, and is administered by Parks Canada. Thomas H. Raddall, \"His Majesty's Yankees\" Doubleday & Company Inc. 1942 (historical fiction by NovaScotia's most famous writer). Battle of Fort Cumberland The Battle of Fort Cumberland (also known as the Eddy Rebellion) was an attempt by a small number of militia commanded by Jonathan Eddy to bring the American Revolutionary War to Nova Scotia in late 1776. With minimal logistical support from Massachusetts and four to five hundred volunteer militia and Natives, Eddy attempted to besiege and storm Fort Cumberland in central Nova Scotia (near the present-day border", "title": "Battle of Fort Cumberland" }, { "id": "571886", "text": "Allen and Benedict Arnold, who captured it in the surprise attack. Cannons taken from the fort were transported to Boston to lift its siege by the British, who evacuated the city in March 1776. The Americans held the fort until June 1777, when British forces under General John Burgoyne occupied high ground above it; the threat resulted in the Continental Army troops being withdrawn from the fort and its surrounding defenses. The only direct attack on the fort during the Revolution took place in September 1777, when John Brown led 500 Americans in an unsuccessful attempt to capture the fort", "title": "Fort Ticonderoga" }, { "id": "17048704", "text": "cannon by firing through the fort's portholes, killing and wounding some of the gunners. Meanwhile, Clark received local help: villagers gave him powder and ammunition they had hidden from the British, and Young Tobacco, a Piankeshaw chief, offered to have his 100 men assist in the attack. Clark declined the chief's offer, fearing that in the darkness his men might mistake the friendly Piankeshaws and Kickapoos for one of the enemy tribes that were in the area. At about 9:00 a.m. on 24 February, Clark sent a message to the fort demanding Hamilton's surrender. Hamilton declined, and the firing continued", "title": "Siege of Fort Vincennes" }, { "id": "11992653", "text": "in 1826. Led by James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, the Federalists believed that a professional, standing army under the control of the federal government was necessary. The Federalists won the debate, in part because of circumstances beyond their control. The first of these circumstances was Shays' Rebellion. The uprising was triggered by veterans of the American Revolutionary War who were losing their farms to unscrupulous lenders and regressive Massachusetts taxes that heavily burdened small farmers to repay the war debt from the very war they fought in. Individuals unable to pay were often thrown into debtors' prisons. The various local", "title": "National service in the United States" }, { "id": "3616223", "text": "wall rose above the ditch. Inside the fort were 12 cannons and 440 men of the 79th New York Infantry. As a Confederate army under General Braxton Bragg besieged Union forces at Chattanooga, Tennessee, a detachment under the command of Lt. Gen. James Longstreet, a trusted subordinate of Robert E. Lee, was sent to Knoxville to prevent Burnside's Army of the Ohio from moving in support of Chattanooga. After Burnside escaped a trap at the Battle of Campbell's Station, his men took up defensive positions around Knoxville and the Siege of Knoxville began on November 17, 1863. Longstreet determined that", "title": "Battle of Fort Sanders" }, { "id": "17048710", "text": "register claims in Kentucky, and settlements such as Louisville were established. The winter expedition was Clark's most significant military achievement and became the source of his reputation as an early American military hero. Clark was credited with capturing the fort without losing a single soldier. When news of his victory reached General George Washington, Clark's success was celebrated and was used to encourage the alliance with France. Washington recognized his achievement had been gained without support from the regular army in men or funds. Virginia capitalized on Clark's success by laying claim to the whole of the Old Northwest, calling", "title": "Siege of Fort Vincennes" }, { "id": "8733719", "text": "of the county. In 1861, the rest of the county largely consisted of scattered farms, the occasional house, fields for grazing livestock, and Arlington House, owned by Mary Custis, wife of Robert E. Lee. Following the surrender of Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, on April 14, 1861, new American president Abraham Lincoln declared that \"an insurrection existed,\" and called for 75,000 troops to be called up to quash the rebellion. The move sparked resentment in many other southern states, which promptly moved to convene discussions of secession. The Virginia State Convention passed \"an ordinance of secession\" and ordered a", "title": "Fort Reynolds (Virginia)" }, { "id": "17048694", "text": "Siege of Fort Vincennes The Siege of Fort Vincennes (also known as the Siege of Fort Sackville or the Battle of Vincennes) was a Revolutionary War frontier battle fought in present-day Vincennes, Indiana won by a militia led by American commander George Rogers Clark over a British garrison led by Lieutenant Governor Henry Hamilton. Roughly half of Clark's militia were Canadien volunteers sympathetic to the American cause. After a daring wintertime march, the small American force was able to force the British to surrender the fort and in a larger frame the Illinois territory. On January 29, Francis Vigo, an", "title": "Siege of Fort Vincennes" }, { "id": "19980313", "text": "American Revolution. On 14–15 December 1774 Fort William and Mary was raided twice. On the first night a large group of patriots led by John Langdon overpowered a six-man caretaker detachment and confiscated much of the fort's supply of gunpowder. On the second night another raid under John Sullivan seized 16 of the fort's cannon and a number of muskets. These raids were the first acts of the Revolution in New Hampshire. In 1775 Fort William was seized by New Hampshire militia and expanded. The British recaptured Fort William and Mary, but eventually abandoned it and New Hampshire; the Patriot", "title": "Harbor Defenses of Portsmouth" } ]	who led an armed uprising and seized fort garry
[ "1831–1850" ]	[ { "id": "609633", "text": "a one-vote margin. It was enacted into law in May 1836. Two years later President Martin Van Buren ordered 7,000 Federal troops and state militia under General Winfield Scott into Cherokee lands to evict the tribe. Over 16,000 Cherokee were forcibly relocated westward to Indian Territory in 1838–1839, a migration known as the Trail of Tears or in Cherokee or (\"The Trail Where They Cried\"), although it is described by another word (\"The Removal\"). Marched over across Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri and Arkansas, the people suffered from disease, exposure and starvation, and as many as 4,000 died. As some Cherokees", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "15357328", "text": "treaty, who were willing to accept government support and move west on their own in the two years after the signing of the Treaty of New Echota in 1835. Most of the Cherokee, including Chief John Ross, were outraged and unwilling to move, and they reacted with opposition. They did not believe the government would take any action against them if they elected to stay. However, the U.S. army was sent in, and the forced removal stage began. The Cherokee were herded violently into internment camps, where they were kept for the summer of 1838. The actual transportation west was", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "13867310", "text": "Georgia\", the United States Supreme Court held that Cherokee Native Americans were entitled to federal protection from the actions of state governments. \"Worcester v. Georgia\" is considered one of the most important decisions in law dealing with Native Americans. Despite the \"Worcester v. Georgia\" ruling in their favor, the majority of Cherokees were forcibly relocated westward to Indian Territory in 1838–1839, a migration known as the Trail of Tears or in Cherokee ᏅᎾ ᏓᎤᎳ ᏨᏱ or \"Nvna Daula Tsvyi\" (Cherokee: The Trail Where They Cried). This took place during the Indian Removal Act of 1830. The harsh treatment the Cherokee", "title": "Cherokee history" }, { "id": "15357329", "text": "delayed by intense heat and drought, but in the fall, the Cherokee reluctantly agreed to transport themselves west under the supervision of Chief Ross in the reluctant removal stage. The Treaty provided a two-year grace period for Cherokee to willingly emigrate to Indian Territory. However, President Andrew Jackson dispatched General John E. Wool to begin the process of rounding up all those who would accept government provisions and prepare them for removal. Upon arrival, the staunch opposition to the treaty was evident to General Wool as the provisions were rejected by nearly all that he came in contact with, and", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "13867308", "text": "his death in 1866. Among the Cherokee, John Ross led the battle to halt their removal. Ross' supporters, commonly referred to as the \"National Party,\" were opposed by a group known as the \"Ridge Party\" or the \"Treaty Party\". The Treaty Party signed the Treaty of New Echota, stipulating terms and conditions for the removal of the Cherokee Nation from the lands in the East for lands in Indian Territory. Cherokees were displaced from their ancestral lands in northern Georgia and the Carolinas in a period of rapidly expanding white population. Some of the rapid expansion was due to a", "title": "Cherokee history" }, { "id": "791441", "text": "to continue with Indian removal, and negotiated The Treaty of New Echota, on December 29, 1835, which granted Cherokee Indians two years to move to Indian Territory (modern Oklahoma). Only a fraction of the Cherokees left voluntarily. The U.S. government, with assistance from state militias, forced most of the remaining Cherokees west in 1838. The Cherokees were temporarily remanded in camps in eastern Tennessee. In November, the Cherokee were broken into groups of around 1,000 each and began the journey west. They endured heavy rains, snow, and freezing temperatures. When the Cherokee negotiated the Treaty of New Echota, they exchanged", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "1225081", "text": "diseases devastating the Native tribes, which would have left a population vacuum, and also from expanding European settlement in the north, the Cherokee moved south from the area that is now Virginia. As British American colonists spread into the Province of Carolina, the native populations were forcibly displaced over time to the south and west, including all Muscogee and Yuchi peoples, the Chickasaw, and Choctaw. From 1838 to 1839, nearly 17,000 Cherokees were forced to march from \"emigration depots\" in Eastern Tennessee, such as Fort Cass, to Indian Territory west of Arkansas. This came to be known as the Trail", "title": "Elizabethton, Tennessee" }, { "id": "609623", "text": "the first edition of the bilingual 'Cherokee Phoenix,' the first American Indian newspaper, in February 1828. Before the final removal to present-day Oklahoma, many Cherokees relocated to present-day Arkansas, Missouri and Texas. Between 1775 and 1786 the Cherokee, along with people of other nations such as the Choctaw and Chickasaw, began voluntarily settling along the Arkansas and Red Rivers. In 1802, the federal government promised to extinguish Indian titles to lands claimed by Georgia in return for Georgia's cession of the western lands that became Alabama and Mississippi. To convince the Cherokee to move voluntarily in 1815, the US government", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "11228194", "text": "viewed the treaty as fraudulent. In 1838, Van Buren directed General Winfield Scott to forcibly move all those Cherokee who had not yet complied with the treaty. The Cherokee were herded violently into internment camps, where they were kept for the summer of 1838. The actual transportation west was delayed by intense heat and drought, but in the fall, the Cherokee reluctantly agreed to migrate west. During the Cherokee removal, part of the Trail of Tears, some 20,000 people were relocated against their will. In the Florida Territory, the Seminole engaged the army in a prolonged conflict known as the", "title": "Presidency of Martin Van Buren" }, { "id": "11121684", "text": "The Trail of Tears: Cherokee Legacy The Trail of Tears: Cherokee Legacy is a 2006 documentary by Rich-Heape Films. It presents the history of the forcible removal and relocation of Cherokee people from southeastern states of the United States to territories west of the Mississippi River, particularly to the Indian Territory in the future Oklahoma. This removal in the 1830s has been popularly referred to as the \"Trail of Tears.\" It followed the Indian Removal Act of 1845. This action was part of a larger United States policy of Indian removal. Actor Wes Studi as on-camera presenter James Earl Jones", "title": "The Trail of Tears: Cherokee Legacy" }, { "id": "1400197", "text": "tribes from their homes east of the Mississippi River took place over several decades during the series of removals, which is also known as the Trail of Tears. The territory to which they were displaced was, at the time, called Indian Territory, currently eastern Oklahoma. The most infamous removal was the Cherokee Trail of Tears of 1838, when President Martin Van Buren enforced the contentious Treaty of New Echota with the Cherokee Nation. One point of contention regarding the treaty is whether it is an instrument of mass displacement in violation of the human rights on which the new republic", "title": "Five Civilized Tribes" }, { "id": "15357303", "text": "Cherokee removal Cherokee removal, part of the Trail of Tears, refers to the forced relocation between 1836 and 1839 of the Cherokee Nation from their lands in Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Alabama to the Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma) in the then Western United States, and the resultant deaths along the way and at the end of the movement of an estimated 4000 Cherokee. The Cherokee have come to call the event \"Nu na da ul tsun yi\" (the place where they cried); another term is \"Tlo va sa\" (our removal)—both phrases not used at the", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "14998639", "text": "Believing that removal was inevitable in the face of settlers' greed, they wanted to try to get the best lands and settlements possible. They moved with followers to Arkansas Territory, establishing what later became known as the Cherokee Nation West. They next moved to Indian Territory following an 1828 treaty between their leaders and the US government. They were called the \"Old Settlers\" in Indian Territory and lived there nearly a decade before the remainder of the Cherokee were forced to join them. Likewise, the remaining leaders of the Lower Towns proved to be the strongest advocates of voluntary westward", "title": "Chickamauga Cherokee" }, { "id": "265412", "text": "established terms under which the Cherokees ceded their territory in the southeast and agreed to move west to Oklahoma. In 1838, Van Buren directed General Winfield Scott to forcibly move all those who had not yet complied with the treaty. The Cherokees were herded violently into internment camps where they were kept for the summer of 1838. The actual transportation west was delayed by intense heat and drought, but they were forcibly marched west in the fall. Under the treaty, the government was supposed to provide wagons, rations, and even medical doctors, but it did not. Some 20,000 people were", "title": "Martin Van Buren" }, { "id": "982496", "text": "settlement, which also extended into Georgia and Alabama. In 1838 the US government forced the Cherokees, along with other Native Americans from southeastern U.S. states, to relocate to the area designated as Indian Territory, in what is now the state of Oklahoma. Their journey west became known as the \"Trail of Tears\" for their exile and fatalities along the way. The US Army used Ross's Landing as the site of one of three large internment camps, or \"emigration depots\", where Native Americans were held before the journey on the Trail of Tears. One of the internment camps was located in", "title": "Chattanooga, Tennessee" }, { "id": "1620308", "text": "together to stop this relocation. However, the Cherokee were unsuccessful in their attempt to keep their land and were eventually forcibly removed by the United States government in a march to the west that later became known as the Trail of Tears. In the early 1800s, the United States government began a systematic effort to remove American Indian tribes from the southeast. The Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee-Creek, Seminole, and original Cherokee Nations had been established as autonomous nations in the southeastern United States. This acculturation was originally proposed by George Washington and was well under way among the Cherokee and Choctaw", "title": "Indian Removal Act" }, { "id": "14998617", "text": "Chickamauga Cherokee The Chickamauga Cherokee were a group that separated from the greater body of the Cherokee tribes during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). The majority of the Cherokee people wished to make peace with the American rebels near the end of 1776 following several military setbacks and the reprisals that followed. The \"Chickamauga\" followers of headman, Dragging Canoe, moved with him down the Tennessee River away from their historic Overhill Cherokee towns in the winter of 1776–1777. Relocated in a more isolated area, they established eleven new towns in order to gain distance from colonists' encroachments. The frontier Americans", "title": "Chickamauga Cherokee" }, { "id": "609602", "text": "posit a split between the groups in the distant past, perhaps 3500–3800 years ago. Glottochronology studies suggest the split occurred between about 1,500 and 1,800 BCE. The Cherokee have claimed the ancient settlement of \"Kituwa\" on the Tuckasegee River as the original Cherokee settlement in the Southeast. It was formerly adjacent to and is now part of Qualla Boundary (the reserve of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians) in North Carolina. In 1657, there was a disturbance in Virginia Colony as the \"Rechahecrians\" or \"Rickahockans\", as well as the Siouan \"Manahoac\" and \"Nahyssan\", broke through the frontier and settled near", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "7982212", "text": "Assumption during the Chickasaw Wars. The Cherokee eventually moved south from the area now called Virginia. As European colonists spread into the area, the native populations were forcibly displaced to the south and west, including the Muscogee, Yuchi, Chickasaw and Choctaw peoples. Then, from 1838 to 1839, the US government forced the Cherokee to leave the eastern United States. Nearly 17,000 Cherokee were forced to march from eastern Tennessee to the Indian Territory west of the Arkansas Territory. This came to be known as the Trail of Tears, as an estimated 4,000 Cherokee died along the way. In the Cherokee", "title": "History of Tennessee" }, { "id": "15357334", "text": "May 26, 1838; ten days later, operations began in Tennessee, North Carolina, and Alabama. Men, women, and children were removed at gunpoint from their homes over three weeks and gathered together in concentration camps, often with very few of their possessions. About 1,000 Cherokee took refuge in the mountains to the east, and some who owned private property also escaped the evacuation. Private John G. Burnett later wrote \"Future generations will read and condemn the act and I do hope posterity will remember that private soldiers like myself, and like the four Cherokee who were forced by General Scott to", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "3106373", "text": "Cherokee. In 1775, a faction of Cherokees led by Dragging Canoe— angry over the tribe's appeasement of European settlers— split off to form what became known as the Chickamauga faction, which was concentrated around what is now Chattanooga. In spite of Dragging Canoe's protests, the Cherokee were continuously induced to sign away most of the tribe's lands to the U.S. government in a series of treaties between 1775 and 1836. The last such treaty resulted in the tribe's tragic removal to Oklahoma via the Trail of Tears in 1838. The end of the French and Indian War in 1763 brought", "title": "East Tennessee" }, { "id": "20123905", "text": "slaves replaced Native American enslavement and eventually many Native Americans were forced off their land and forced to move westward. There are many examples of this forced removal, but one of the most famous was the Trail of Tears that forced people of the Cherokee nation and other tribes to move westward to present day Oklahoma. There are conflicting theories as to what caused the shift between traditional Native American servitude, to the oppressive racialized enslavement adopted by the Five Civilized tribes. One theory is the civilized tribes adopted slavery as means to defend themselves from federal pressure, believing that", "title": "Native American slave ownership" }, { "id": "10884727", "text": "Cherokee could not be allowed to stay in Texas after their part in the 1838-39 Córdova Rebellion (and after some disaffected Cherokee carried out the 1838 Killough massacre). The Cherokee War and subsequent removal of the Cherokee from Texas began shortly after Lamar took office. Lamar demanded that the Cherokee, who had been promised title to their land if they remained neutral during the Texas War of Independence, voluntarily relinquish their lands and all their property, and move to the Indian Territory of the United States. Houston, who had promised the Cherokee during the Córdova Rebellion that they would be", "title": "Texas–Indian wars" }, { "id": "791430", "text": "Trail of Tears The Trail of Tears was a series of forced relocations of Native Americans in the United States from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States, to areas to the west (usually west of the Mississippi River) that had been designated as Indian Territory. The forced relocations were carried out by government authorities following the passage of the Indian Removal Act in 1830. The relocated peoples suffered from exposure, disease, and starvation while en route to their new designated reserve, and many died before reaching their destinations. The forced removals included members of the Cherokee, Muscogee (Creek),", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "12305421", "text": "Cherokee in the American Civil War The Cherokee in the American Civil War were active in the Trans-Mississippi and Western Theaters. In the east, Confederate Cherokees led by William Holland Thomas hindered Union forces trying to use the Appalachian mountain passes of western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee. Out west, Confederate Cherokee Stand Watie led primarily Native Confederate forces in the Indian Territory, in what is now the state of Oklahoma. Before Indian Removal, the Cherokee Nation was centered in and around the Blue Ridge Mountains—southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, western South Carolina and northeastern Georgia. The Cherokee attempted to", "title": "Cherokee in the American Civil War" }, { "id": "8936257", "text": "to move west. The phrase \"Trail of Tears\" originated from a description of the removal of the Choctaw Nation in 1831, although the term is also used in reference to the Cherokee removal in 1838-39. The Creek refused to relocate and signed a treaty in March 1832 to open up a large portion of their land in exchange for protection of ownership of their remaining lands. The United States failed to protect the Creeks, and in 1837, they were militarily removed without ever signing a treaty. The Chickasaw saw the relocation as inevitable and signed a treaty in 1832 which", "title": "History of Oklahoma" }, { "id": "791432", "text": "their traditional lands in the Southeastern United States, and relocated farther west. Those Native Americans who were relocated were forced to march to their destinations by state and local militias. The Cherokee removal in 1838 (the last forced removal east of the Mississippi) was brought on by the discovery of gold near Dahlonega, Georgia in 1828, resulting in the Georgia Gold Rush. Approximately 2,000–8,000 of the 16,543 relocated Cherokee perished along the way. In 1830, a group of Indians collectively referred to as the Five Civilized Tribes (the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee, and Seminole tribes) were living as autonomous nations", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "13867307", "text": "formal education, and modern methods of farming. Facing removal, the Lower Cherokee were the first to move west. Remaining Lower Town leaders, such as Young Dragging Canoe and Sequoyah, were strong advocates of voluntary relocation. In 1815, the US government established a Cherokee Reservation in Arkansas. The reservation boundaries extended from north of the Arkansas River to the southern bank of the White River. The Bowl, Sequoyah, Spring Frog and Tatsi (Dutch) and their bands settled there. These Cherokees became known as \"Old Settlers.\" John Ross became the Principal Chief of the tribe in 1828 and remained the chief until", "title": "Cherokee history" }, { "id": "8936259", "text": "forced to move. At the end of the two years only 2,000 Cherokees had migrated westward and 16,000 remained on their lands. The U.S. sent 7,000 soldiers to force the Cherokee to move without the time to gather their belongings. This march westward is known as the Trail of Tears, in which 4,000 Cherokee died. In 1821, New Spain gained its independence and became the short-lived Mexican Empire, followed by the Mexican Republic in 1824. Thus Mexico was the new owner of the lands to the south and west of the U.S. Territories. Texas, a province within Mexico, declared its", "title": "History of Oklahoma" }, { "id": "609634", "text": "were slaveholders, they took enslaved African Americans with them west of the Mississippi. Intermarried European Americans and missionaries also walked the Trail of Tears. Ross preserved a vestige of independence by negotiating permission for the Cherokee to conduct their own removal under U.S. supervision. In keeping with the tribe's \"blood law\" that prescribed the death penalty for Cherokee who sold lands, Ross's son arranged the murder of the leaders of the \"Treaty Party\". On June 22, 1839, a party of twenty-five Ross supporters assassinated Major Ridge, John Ridge and Elias Boudinot. The party included Daniel Colston, John Vann, Archibald, James", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "15357304", "text": "time, and seems to be of Choctaw origin. Removal actions (voluntary, reluctantly or forcibly) occurred to other American Indian groups in the American South, North, Midwest, Southwest, and the Plains regions. The Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and (Muskogee) were removed reluctantly. The Seminole in Florida responded to removal by the United States Army for decades (1817–1850) with guerrilla warfare, part of the intermittent Native American Wars that lasted from 1540 to 1924. Some Seminole remained in their Florida home country, while others were transported to Native American Territory in shackles. The phrase \"Trail of Tears\" is used to refer to similar", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "9028796", "text": "Cherokee\". In the second phase, lasting 1783–1794, the Cherokee also served as proxies of the Viceroyalty of New Spain against the new United States of America. Because of their relocation westward to new homes initially known as the \"Five Lower Towns\", they then became known as the Lower Cherokee, a moniker which persisted well into the nineteenth century. In 1786, the Lower Cherokee became founding members of the Native Americans' Western Confederacy organized by the Mohawk leader Joseph Brant, and took an active part in the Northwest Indian War. The conflict in the Southwest ended in November 1794 with the", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "15357309", "text": "Chief Ross to Congress. Nevertheless, a slightly modified version of the treaty was ratified by the U.S. Senate by a single vote on May 23, 1836, and signed into law by President Jackson. The treaty provided a grace period until May 1838 for the tribe to voluntarily remove themselves to Indian Territory. Until widespread use of the cotton gin, short-staple cotton had been such an arduous crop to grow and process because of the time-consuming process of removing the sticky seeds from each of the individual boles of cotton. This process took so long that it was nearly unprofitable to", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "791472", "text": "River, they followed routes previously established by the Choctaws and the Creeks. Once in Indian Territory, the Chickasaws merged with the Choctaw nation. By 1838, about 2,000 Cherokee had voluntarily relocated from Georgia to Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma). Forcible removals began in May 1838 when General Winfield Scott received a final order from President Martin Van Buren to relocate the remaining Cherokees. Approximately 4,000 Cherokees died in the ensuing trek to Oklahoma. In the Cherokee language, the event is called \"nu na da ul tsun yi\" (\"the place where they cried\") or \"nu na hi du na tlo hi", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "4498010", "text": "to the 1835 Henderson Roll, including women and children, who had no vote. Ross's petition was ignored by President Martin Van Buren, who directed General Winfield Scott to forcibly move all those Cherokee who had not yet complied with the treaty and moved west. The Cherokee people were almost entirely removed west of the Mississippi (except for the Oconaluftee Cherokee in North Carolina, the Nantahala Cherokee who joined them, and two or three hundred married to whites). That summer (1839) a council to effect a union between the Old Settlers and the Late Immigrants convened at Double Springs in Indian", "title": "Treaty of New Echota" }, { "id": "791486", "text": "star, the symbol of the seven clans of the Cherokees. Trail of Tears The Trail of Tears was a series of forced relocations of Native Americans in the United States from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States, to areas to the west (usually west of the Mississippi River) that had been designated as Indian Territory. The forced relocations were carried out by government authorities following the passage of the Indian Removal Act in 1830. The relocated peoples suffered from exposure, disease, and starvation while en route to their new designated reserve, and many died before reaching their destinations.", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "791442", "text": "all their land east of the Mississippi for land in modern Oklahoma and a $5 million payment from the federal government. Many Cherokee felt betrayed that their leadership accepted the deal, and over 16,000 Cherokee signed a petition to prevent the passage of the treaty. By the end of the decade in 1840, tens of thousands of Cherokee and other tribes had been removed from their land east of the Mississippi River. The Creek, Choctaw, Seminole, and Chicksaw were also relocated under the Indian Removal Act of 1830. One Choctaw leader portrayed the removal as \"A Trail of Tears and", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "15357331", "text": "meeting that opposed the goals of the first in every way. Ross urged the people to continue to reject any government handout, stressing that the acceptance of any such gift also meant the acceptance of the treaty terms. Seeing that all efforts to sway their brethren were fruitless, a number of Cherokee (mostly members of the Ridge faction) ceased their delay and accepted government funds for subsistence and transportation. An approximate total of 10,000 Cherokee voluntarily removed themselves to the west, leaving around 1,000 of their brethren behind, who continued their opposition. Many travelled as individuals or families, but there", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "9028807", "text": "in 1771. Following the Battle of Alamance in 1771, James Robertson led a group of some twelve or thirteen Regulator families from North Carolina to the Watauga River. Each of the groups thought they were within the territorial limits of the colony of Virginia. After a survey proved their mistake, Alexander Cameron, Deputy Superintendent for Indian Affairs, ordered them to leave. Attakullakulla, now First Beloved Man (Principal Chief) of the Cherokee, interceded on their behalf. The settlers were allowed to remain, provided no additional people joined them. On May 8, 1772, the settlers on the Watauga and on the Nolichucky", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "18456529", "text": "Indians), is often cited as the original Cherokee settlement in the Southeast. In 1657, there was a disturbance in Virginia Colony as the \"Rechahecrians\" or \"Rickahockans\", as well as the Siouan \"Manahoac\" and \"Nahyssan\", broke through the frontier and settled near the Falls of the James, near present-day Richmond, Virginia. The following year, a combined force of English and Pamunkey drove the newcomers away. The identity of the \"Rechahecrians\" has been much debated. Historians noted the name closely resembled that recorded for the \"Eriechronon\" or \"Erielhonan\", commonly known as the Erie tribe. The Iroquoian people had been driven away from", "title": "History of the Cherokee language" }, { "id": "17228288", "text": "to removal, but Georgia included their land in a lottery for European-American settlement before that. President Jackson used the military to gather and transport the Cherokee to the west, whose timing and lack of adequate supplies led to the deaths of an estimated 4,000 Cherokees on the Trail of Tears. About 17,000 Cherokees, along with approximately 2,000 enslaved blacks held by Cherokees, were taken by force migration to Indian Territory. Tribes were generally located to reservations where they could more easily be separated from traditional life and pushed into European-American society. Some southern states additionally enacted laws in the 19th", "title": "History of Native Americans in the United States" }, { "id": "10949145", "text": "Blythe Ferry Blythe Ferry was a ferry across the Tennessee River in Meigs County, Tennessee. In 1838, the ferry served as a gathering point and crossing for the Cherokee Removal, commonly called the Trail of Tears, in which thousands of Cherokee were forced to move west to Oklahoma from their homeland in the southeastern United States. While the ferry no longer exists, the ferry site is now part of the Cherokee Removal Memorial Park, which was dedicated in 2005 and was still under development in 2007. The park comprises a section of the Hiwassee Wildlife Refuge, which is managed by", "title": "Blythe Ferry" }, { "id": "5168035", "text": "to migrate west and eventually forced them out. In 1838 the U.S. Army, under the command of Winfield Scott, began the forced removal of Cherokee from the state of Georgia. A Cherokee removal fort was located at New Echota, called Fort Wool. This held Cherokee from Gordon County and Pickens County until their removal. As the first group of Cherokee began their exodus to Rattlesnake Springs, Cherokee Nation (4 miles south of Charleston, Tennessee), the Cherokee from counties south and east of the area also were housed here. After the Cherokee were removed, their capital remained abandoned for more than", "title": "New Echota" }, { "id": "609627", "text": "signed the Treaty of Indian Springs (1825), ceding the last Muscogee (Creek) lands claimed by Georgia. The state's northwestern border reached the Chattahoochee, the border of the Cherokee Nation. In 1829, gold was discovered at Dahlonega, on Cherokee land claimed by Georgia. The Georgia Gold Rush was the first in U.S. history, and state officials demanded that the federal government expel the Cherokee. When Andrew Jackson was inaugurated as President in 1829, Georgia gained a strong ally in Washington. In 1830 Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, authorizing the forcible relocation of American Indians east of the Mississippi to a", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "13867311", "text": "received at the hands of white settlers caused some to enroll to emigrate west. As some Cherokees were slaveholders, they took enslaved African-Americans with them west of the Mississippi. Intermarried European-Americans and missionaries also walked the Trail of Tears. On June 22, 1839, Major Ridge, John Ridge and Elias Boudinot were assassinated by a party of twenty-five extremist Ross supporters that included Daniel Colston, John Vann, Archibald Spear, James Spear, Joseph Spear, Hunter, and others. Stand Watie fought off the attempt on his life that day and escaped to Arkansas. Some Cherokees were able to evade removal, and they became", "title": "Cherokee history" }, { "id": "1222973", "text": "in the north, the Cherokee moved south from the area now called Virginia. As European colonists spread into the area, the native populations were forcibly displaced to the south and west, including all Muscogee and Yuchi peoples, the Chickasaw, and Choctaw. From 1838 to 1839, nearly 17,000 Cherokees were forced to march from \"emigration depots\" in Eastern Tennessee, such as Fort Cass, to Indian Territory west of Arkansas. This came to be known as the Trail of Tears; as an estimated 4,000 Cherokees died along the way. The area around Clarksville was first surveyed by Thomas Hutchins in 1768. He", "title": "Clarksville, Tennessee" }, { "id": "17149287", "text": "Cherokee Expedition The Cherokee Expedition, also known as Christie's Campaign, was a military offensive that occurred during the American Revolutionary War between American forces and Cherokee tribes allied to Great Britain. The British encouraged and facilitated Cherokee raids in July 1776, into Colonial territories of Virginia, North and South Carolina, and Georgia to wreak havoc among the southern colonies. The state governments responded with a plan for retaliation throughout Cherokee territory. The main force of 1,800 Virginian volunteers under Colonel William Christian marched southwest passed the Northern Cherokee border, while the Georgians attacked north through the Southern border of Cherokee", "title": "Cherokee Expedition" }, { "id": "18456548", "text": "be of Choctaw origin. The Cherokee were not the only American Indians to emigrate as a result of the Indian Removal efforts. American Indians were not only removed from the American South but also from the North, Midwest, Southwest, and Plains regions. The Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Creek Indians (Muskogee) emigrated reluctantly. The Seminoles in Florida resisted removal by guerrilla warfare with the United States Army for decades (1817–1850). Ultimately, some Seminoles remained in their Florida home country, while others were transported to Indian Territory in shackles. The first known use of Native Americans in the American military to transmit messages", "title": "History of the Cherokee language" }, { "id": "10881756", "text": "Battle of the Neches The Battle of the Neches, the main engagement of the Cherokee War of 1838–1839 (part of the Texas-Indian Wars), took place on 15–16 July in 1839 in what is now the Redland community (between Tyler and Ben Wheeler, Texas). It resulted from the Córdova Rebellion and Texas President Lamar's determination to remove the Cherokee people from Texas. Many had migrated there from the American Southeast to avoid being forced to Indian Territory in present-day Kansas and Oklahoma. During Sam Houston's first term as President of Texas, while maintaining the Rangers to police rogue Indians, Houston used", "title": "Battle of the Neches" }, { "id": "1039079", "text": "Cherokee and Creek people developed disputes over hunting land. After two years of fighting, the Cherokee won the land in the Battle of Taliwa. The Creek people were forced to move south of the Chattahoochee River. The Cherokee coexisted with white settlers until the discovery of gold in Georgia in 1828. Settlers that moved to the area to mine for gold pushed for the removal of the Cherokee. In 1835, the Treaty of New Echota was signed. The treaty stated that the Cherokee Nation must move to the Indian Territory, west of the Mississippi River. This resulted in the Trail", "title": "Cumming, Georgia" }, { "id": "609587", "text": "Cherokee The Cherokee (; or ) are one of the indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands. Prior to the 18th century, they were concentrated in southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, and the tips of western South Carolina and northeastern Georgia. The Cherokee language is part of the Iroquoian language group. In the 19th century, James Mooney, an American ethnographer, recorded one oral tradition that told of the tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian-speaking peoples lived; however, anthropologist Thomas R. Whyte writes that the origin of the proto-Iroquoian language was likely the", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "14706884", "text": "as the \"Trail of Tears\"—during which the Cherokee in several southeastern states were driven from their homes. Groups of the natives were staged at various camps, including east of Ross's Landing, for their coming expulsion west. On June 6, 1838, over 1500 Cherokee departed from Ross's Landing in steamboats and barges. A final group of Cherokee left in the Fall of 1838, forced to walk due to the falling levels of water in the river caused by a drought. The westward march of the Cherokee claimed several hundred lives, including Ross' wife, Quatie. The name, \"Ross's Landing,\" was changed to", "title": "Ross's Landing" }, { "id": "9046321", "text": "1836, the state of Georgia proceeded to act against the Cherokee tribe. The tribe was forced to relocate in 1838. An estimated 4,000 Cherokees died in the march, now known as the Trail of Tears. In the decades that followed, white settlers encroached even into the western lands set aside for Native Americans. American settlers eventually made homesteads from coast to coast, just as the Native Americans had before them. No tribe was untouched by the influence of white traders, farmers, and soldiers. The Office of Indian Affairs (Bureau of Indian Affairs as of 1947) was established on March 11,", "title": "Cultural assimilation of Native Americans" }, { "id": "15357347", "text": "Cherokee assistance. The song has since become a sort of anthem for the Cherokee people. Cherokee who were removed initially settled near Tahlequah, Oklahoma. The political turmoil resulting from the Treaty of New Echota and the Trail of Tears led to the assassinations of Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot; of those targeted for assassination that day, only Stand Watie escaped his assassins. The population of the Cherokee Nation eventually rebounded, and today the Cherokee are the largest American Indian group in the United States. There were some exceptions to removal. Those Cherokee who lived on private, individually owned", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "609636", "text": "conservative and isolated from European-American settlements. They rejected the reforms of the Cherokee Nation. When the Cherokee government ceded all territory east of the Little Tennessee River to North Carolina in 1819, they withdrew from the Nation. William Holland Thomas, a white store owner and state legislator from Jackson County, North Carolina, helped over 600 Cherokee from Qualla Town obtain North Carolina citizenship, which exempted them from forced removal. Over 400 Cherokee either hid from Federal troops in the remote Snowbird Mountains, under the leadership of Tsali (), or belonged to the former Valley Towns area around the Cheoah River", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "9028991", "text": "(\"Dasigiyagi\"), stayed in the area until 1803, so it's likely others did as well. At the trading post of Colerain in what's now south coastal Georgia, the Muscogee signed a peace treaty with the United States on June 29, 1796, effectively ending the Southwest [?] Indian War. Also known as Pinckney's Treaty, Spain and the United States signed the Treaty of San Lorenzo on October 27, 1795, setting the boundary between American territory and Spanish West and East Florida at the 31st parallel. Furthermore, Spain agreed to allow the U.S.A. unobstructed use of the Mississippi River and to dismantle Fort", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "9028844", "text": "repeatedly attacked the Kentucky settlements between the Cumberland River and Levisa Fork. Besides continued small harassment raids against the back country of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia, the Cherokee established a camp at the confluence of the Tennessee and Ohio Rivers (near present-day Paducah, Kentucky) to prevent infiltration into the Mississippi in the spring of 1778. Warriors of the Chickamauga Towns renewed their raiding after the Green Corn festival in August 1778. In late 1778, British strategy shifted south. As their attention went, so too did their efforts, their armies, and their supplies, including those slated for the Southern Indians.", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "3079570", "text": "also kept the terms of the Holston treaty. In 1817, the Treaty of the Cherokee Agency began the start of the Indian removal era for the Cherokee. The treaty promised an \"acre for acre\" land trade, if the Cherokee would leave their homeland and move to areas west of the Mississippi River. In 1819, the tribal government passed a law prohibiting any additional land cessions, providing for the death penalty for violation of the statute. By the 1820s, most of the Cherokee had adopted a farming lifestyle similar to that of neighboring European Americans. By 1823, the state government and", "title": "Cherokee Nation v. Georgia" }, { "id": "609626", "text": "Cherokee traditionalists led by \"Di'wali\" moved to Spanish Texas in 1819. Settling near Nacogdoches, they were welcomed by Mexican authorities as potential allies against Anglo-American colonists. The Texas Cherokees were mostly neutral during the Texas War of Independence. In 1836, they signed a treaty with Texas President Sam Houston, an adopted member of the Cherokee tribe. His successor Mirabeau Lamar sent militia to evict them in 1839. During the first decades of the 19th century, Georgia focused on removing the Cherokee's neighbors, the Lower Creek. The Georgia Governor George Troup and his cousin William McIntosh, chief of the Lower Creek,", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "13803110", "text": "take the new oath of allegiance to the British Crown and left the colony. One, James Robertson, led a group of 12 or 13 Regulator families westward from the area of present-day Raleigh. Believing that they were in the colony of Virginia, they settled on the banks of the Watauga River in present-day northeastern Tennessee. After a survey indicated their error, they were ordered to leave. Cherokee leaders in the region interceded on their behalf, and they were allowed to remain if there was no further encroachment. In 1772, Robertson and the pioneers (who had settled along the Watauga, Doe,", "title": "Cherokee military history" }, { "id": "5616147", "text": "Southeast to Indian Territory in what became known as the 1838 Trail of Tears. By the 1880s, all Cherokee people faced increased pressure by the US government for assimilation. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Cherokee and other Native American children were sent to Indian boarding schools away from home for their education: they were expected to speak only English, were generally prohibited from speaking their own languages, and were expected to adopt Christianity rather than practice native spirituality. The US federal government unilaterally closed and seized Cherokee and other Native American governmental and public institutions through the", "title": "United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians" }, { "id": "4497993", "text": "legal basis for the forcible removal known as the Trail of Tears. By the late 1720's, the territory of the Cherokee Indian nation lay almost entirely in northwestern Georgia, with small parts in Tennessee, Alabama, and North Carolina. It extended across most of the northern border and all of the border with Tennessee. An estimated 16,000 Cherokee people lived in this territory. Others had emigrated west to present-day Texas and Arkansas. In 1826, the Georgia legislature asked President John Quincy Adams to negotiate a removal treaty. Adams, a supporter of Indian sovereignty, initially refused, but when Georgia threatened to nullify", "title": "Treaty of New Echota" }, { "id": "14103896", "text": "Texas Cherokees Texas Cherokees were the small settlements of Cherokee people who lived temporarily in what is now Texas, after being forcibly relocated from their homelands, primarily during the time that Spain, and then Mexico, controlled the territory. After the Cherokee War of 1839, the Cherokee communities in Texas were once again forcibly removed to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. While scattered individuals remained in Texas and assimilated, surviving families who remained culturally Cherokee generally returned to the Cherokee Nation. In 1806 a band of Cherokee, most likely migrating south from the Arkansas area of the Louisiana Territory, founded a", "title": "Texas Cherokees" }, { "id": "15357332", "text": "were several organized groups: There are muster rolls for groups # 1, 3 – 6 and daily journals of conductors for groups # 2 and 5 among records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the National Archives. Despite the government blandishments, only a few hundred volunteered to accept the Treaty terms for Removal. Many white Americans were outraged by the dubious legality of the treaty and called on the government not to force the Cherokee to move. For example, on April 23, 1838, Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote a letter to Jackson's successor, President Martin Van Buren, urging him not", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "609624", "text": "established a Cherokee Reservation in Arkansas. The reservation boundaries extended from north of the Arkansas River to the southern bank of the White River. Di'wali (The Bowl), Sequoyah, Spring Frog and Tatsi (Dutch) and their bands settled there. These Cherokees became known as \"Old settlers.\" The Cherokee, eventually, migrated as far north as the Missouri Bootheel by 1816. They lived interspersed among the Delawares and Shawnees of that area. The Cherokee in Missouri Territory increased rapidly in population, from 1,000 to 6,000 over the next year (1816–1817), according to reports by Governor William Clark. Increased conflicts with the Osage Nation", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "525292", "text": "of Tears\" for the Cherokee Nation. Resistance to Indian removal led to several violent conflicts, including the Second Seminole War in Florida. The Long Walk of the Navajo refers to the 1864 relocation of the Navajo people by the US government in a forced walk from their land in what is now Arizona to eastern New Mexico. The Yavapai people were forcibly marched from Camp Verde Reservation to San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, Arizona, on February 27, 1875, following the Yavapai War. The federal government restricted Plains Indians to reservations following several Indian Wars in which Indians and European Americans", "title": "Population transfer" }, { "id": "14904824", "text": "In 1802, the U.S. federal government promised to extinguish Native American titles to internal Georgia lands in return for the state's formal cession of its unincorporated western claim (which was made part of the Mississippi Territory). In 1815, the US government established a Cherokee Reservation in the Arkansaw district of the Missouri Territory and tried to convince the Cherokee to move there voluntarily. The reservation boundaries extended from north of the Arkansas River to the southern bank of the White River. The Cherokee who moved to this reservation became known as the \"Old Settlers\". Additional treaties signed with the U.S.,", "title": "Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)" }, { "id": "3799197", "text": "available for white settlers. The militia invaded Chota and destroyed the printing press used by the tribe to print their newspaper. When the Native Americans were rounded-up and forced into exile, only a few Cherokees managed to escape and find refuge in the mountains of North Carolina. In 1838, Cherokees were forced to relocate to land west of the Mississippi river. They traveled in several large groups primarily on foot, without proper clothing and provisions, approximately 800 miles. More than 4,000 Cherokees died as a result of President Andrew Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830, now referred to as the", "title": "Nancy Ward" }, { "id": "1862257", "text": "Chickasaw, and Seminole). To motivate natives reluctant to move, the federal government also promised rifles, blankets, tobacco, and cash. By 1835 the Cherokee, the last Indian nation in the South, had signed the removal treaty and relocated to Oklahoma. All the tribes were given new land in the \"Indian Territory\" (which later became Oklahoma). Of the approximate 70,000 Indians removed, about 18,000 died from disease, starvation, and exposure on the route. This exodus has become known as The Trail of Tears (in Cherokee \"\"Nunna dual Tsuny\"\", \"The Trail Where they Cried\"). The impact of the removals was severe. The transplanted", "title": "American frontier" }, { "id": "791477", "text": "Van Buren allowed Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Alabama an armed force of 7,000 militiamen, army regulars, and volunteers under General Winfield Scott to relocate about 13,000 Cherokees to Cleveland, Tennessee. After the initial roundup, the U.S. military oversaw the emigration to Oklahoma. Former Cherokee lands were immediately opened to settlement. Most of the deaths during the journey were caused by disease, malnutrition, and exposure during an unusually cold winter. In the winter of 1838 the Cherokee began the march with scant clothing and most on foot without shoes or moccasins. The march began in Red Clay, Tennessee, the location", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "4158785", "text": "That year they signed the Treaty of New Echota with the United States, which forced the Cherokee to remove into the Ozarks in Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. They called their mass removal and overland journey the Trail of Tears, during which many people died of the thousands traveling. Nearby settlers knew a Cherokee woman who lived in the area until the 1850s; she refused to leave when her tribe was removed. The first written account of the falls was by William Williamson, who was exploring the area seeking land to claim in the Sixth Georgia Land Lottery.", "title": "Amicalola Falls State Park" }, { "id": "3611732", "text": "the Cherokee were divided over the government's proposal for removal to Indian Territory, with most opposing it. Following passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, US soldiers forced the Cherokee west on the Trail of Tears. They built internment camps along the Hiwassee River as government forces rounded up the people. One of the largest such camps was Fort Cass near present-day Charleston, Tennessee, on the south bank of the Hiwassee River. The Hiawassee River passes through downtown Murphy, North Carolina, where it flows past a site famous in Cherokee Indian mythology. The legend tells of a house-sized leech", "title": "Hiwassee River" }, { "id": "791481", "text": "shall cross the river... A soldier from Georgia said: It eventually took almost three months to cross the on land between the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The trek through southern Illinois is where the Cherokee suffered most of their deaths. However a few years before forced removal, some Cherokee who opted to leave their homes voluntarily chose a water-based route through the Tennessee, Ohio and Mississippi rivers. It took only 21 days, but the Cherokee who were forcibly relocated were weary of water travel. Removed Cherokees initially settled near Tahlequah, Oklahoma. When signing the Treaty of New Echota in 1835", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "13867288", "text": "theorized that the Cherokee migrated south from that region. However, some argue that the Iroquois migrated north from the southeast, with the Tuscarora breaking off from that group during the migration. Linguistic analysis shows a relatively large difference between Cherokee and the northern Iroquoian languages, suggesting a split in the distant past. Glottochronology studies suggest the split occurred between about 1,500 and 1,800 B.C. The ancient settlement of Kituwa on the Tuckasegee River, formerly next to and now part of Qualla Boundary (the reservation of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians), is often cited as the original Cherokee settlement in", "title": "Cherokee history" }, { "id": "9028793", "text": "Cherokee–American wars The Cherokee–American wars, also known as the Chickamauga Wars, were a series of back-and-forth raids, campaigns, ambushes, minor skirmishes, and several full-scale frontier battles in the Old Southwest from 1776 to 1795 between the Cherokee (\"Ani-Yunwiya\", \"Tsalagi\") and the Americans on the frontier. Most of the events took place in the Upper South. While their fight stretched across the entire period, there were times, sometimes ranging over several months, of little or no action. The Cherokee leader Dragging Canoe, whom some historians call \"the Savage Napoleon\", and his warriors and other Cherokee fought alongside and in conjunction with", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "9028984", "text": "each going to one of the three counties that existed at the time, and they operated into at least September. In May 1794, Revolutionary War hero Elijah Clarke led a party of fellow Georgians across the Oconee River to settle the west side, annexation by occupation. This came about after a French-backed scheme to invade East Florida fell through. After Clarke and his followers ignored the governor's orders to leave, a combined force of federal troops and state militia destroyed their fort and homesteads in September. Desiring to end the wars once and for all, Robertson sent a detachment of", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "3901591", "text": "long occupied this area, having migrated here centuries before the Europeans arrived. During their colonial expansion west, European settlers sometimes came into conflict with the Cherokee, who had territory extending into present-day Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama. The Cherokee were forcibly removed from much of this area, especially the Black Belt in Georgia and Alabama, under authority of the 1830 Indian Removal Act, and were relocated to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. The Qualla Boundary was first surveyed in 1876 by M. S. Temple under the auspices of the United States Land Office. These pieces were embodied in a map published", "title": "Qualla Boundary" }, { "id": "15357350", "text": "Joint Resolution 37) to \"offer an apology to all Native Peoples on behalf of the United States\" for past \"ill-conceived policies\" by the United States Government regarding Indian Tribes. It passed in the U.S. Senate in February 2008. As of 2014, Cherokee Nation members can request heritage seeds for a species of beans carried on the Trail of Tears from the Cherokee Seed Project. Cherokee removal Cherokee removal, part of the Trail of Tears, refers to the forced relocation between 1836 and 1839 of the Cherokee Nation from their lands in Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Alabama", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "17283320", "text": "threat of permanent indigenous political and spatial structures led to violent relocation of many indigenous tribes to the American West, including the notable example of the Cherokee in what is known as the Trail of Tears. While the United States government and local state governments directly aided this dispossession through the use of military forces, ultimately this came about through agitation by settler society in order to gain access to indigenous land, which in some cases (especially in the American South) used in order to build a plantation society and perpetuate the practice of slavery in the creation of said", "title": "Settler colonialism" }, { "id": "5218512", "text": "treaty. President Jackson used it to justify the forcible Cherokee removal in 1838, in what is now known as the Trail of Tears. The treaty provided for Cherokee who wished to remain in the east to do so. They would have to become citizens of the states where they resided (and the United States) and give up their Cherokee tribal status. This provision was widely ignored during the removal. The US Army rounded up most Cherokee and their slaves from Georgia to take west. Among the Five Civilized Tribes, the Cherokee held the most slaves. After the treaty signing, Ridge", "title": "John Ridge" }, { "id": "13803127", "text": "Nation began to be pressured to migrate westward across the Mississippi, Lower Cherokee leaders were the first to leave; the remaining Lower Towns leaders, including Young Dragging Canoe and Sequoyah (George Guess), were the strongest advocates of migration. The domination of the nation's external affairs by former warriors lasted until an 1808 revolt by the young Upper Towns chiefs, which unseated Black Fox and the Glass until the reunification council at Willstown the following year abolished regional councils. Out of gratitude to William Holland Thomas, the western North Carolina Cherokee served in the American Civil War as part of what", "title": "Cherokee military history" }, { "id": "9124269", "text": "Fort Cass Fort Cass, established in 1835, was an important site during the Cherokee removal from the Southeast, an extended forced removal known as the Trail of Tears for their overland journey to Indian Territory. Located on the Hiwassee River in present-day Charleston, Tennessee, Fort Cass housed a garrison of United States troops who watched over the largest concentration of internment camps where Cherokee were kept during the summer of 1838 before starting the main trek west to Indian Territory. The camps stretched for many miles through the valley south of Fort Cass toward present-day Cleveland, Tennessee. The Cherokee population", "title": "Fort Cass" }, { "id": "284998", "text": "Jackson, United States Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which authorized the President to conduct treaties to exchange Native American land east of the Mississippi River for lands west of the river. As many as 100,000 Native Americans relocated to the West as a result of this Indian removal policy. In theory, relocation was supposed to be voluntary and many Native Americans did remain in the East. In practice, great pressure was put on Native American leaders to sign removal treaties. The most egregious violation, the Trail of Tears, was the removal of the Cherokee by President Jackson", "title": "Native Americans in the United States" }, { "id": "609610", "text": "protection from colonial encroachment to the Cherokee and other tribes. The Crown found the ruling difficult to enforce with colonists. In 1771–1772, North Carolinian settlers squatted on Cherokee lands in Tennessee, forming the Watauga Association. Daniel Boone and his party tried to settle in Kentucky, but the Shawnee, Delaware, Mingo, and some Cherokee attacked a scouting and forage party that included Boone's son. The American Indians used this territory as a hunting ground by right of conquest; it had hardly been inhabited for years. The conflict in Kentucky sparked the beginning of what was known as Dunmore's War (1773–1774). In", "title": "Cherokee" }, { "id": "3079580", "text": "that Georgia had no rights to enforce state laws in its territory. President Andrew Jackson refused to uphold the ruling of this case, and directed the expulsion of the Cherokee nation. U.S. Army forces were used in some cases to round them up. Their expulsion and subsequent route is called \"The Trail of Tears.\" Of the 15,000 who left, 4,000 died on the journey to \"Indian Territory\" in the present-day U.S. state of Oklahoma. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 30 U.S. (5 Pet.) 1 (1831), was a United States Supreme Court case. The Cherokee Nation sought a", "title": "Cherokee Nation v. Georgia" }, { "id": "6994492", "text": "were Whigs opposed to the monarchy) began preparing for invasion. The signing of the Watauga Petition and its acceptance by North Carolina —annexing the Washington District to that colony —added further impetus to the Cherokee, who were also being encouraged by the British, to push the American frontiersmen out of the Overmountain settlements. The invasion came in July of that year. While settlers were chased out of Carter's Valley and the Nolichucky settlements, the Cherokee were defeated at Eaton's Station on July 20 and at Fort Watauga on July 21, and eventually retreated from the area. The settlers' struggles gained", "title": "Overmountain Men" }, { "id": "951230", "text": "Lottery of 1832. An act of the Georgia General Assembly passed on December 3 of that year created the counties of Forsyth, Lumpkin, Union, Cobb, Gilmer, Murray, Cass (now Bartow), Floyd, and Paulding. The forcible (sometimes at gunpoint) removal of the Cherokee people, leading up to the notorious Trail of Tears to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River, began in this area the year before. The push by European Americans to expel the Cherokee was accelerated by the discovery of gold in local streams. County courts were authorized to meet at the home of Ambrose Harnage. The settlement soon", "title": "Cherokee County, Georgia" }, { "id": "15357327", "text": "full compensation for all property left in the East. There was also a clause in the treaty \"as signed\" allowing Cherokee who so desired to remain and become citizens of the states in which they resided on of land, but that was later stricken out by President Jackson. Despite the protests by the Cherokee National Council and principal Chief Ross that the document was a fraud, Congress ratified the treaty on May 23, 1836, by just one vote. The process of Cherokee removal took place in three stages. It began with the voluntary removal of those in favor of the", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "9028947", "text": "Martin Benge), based at Willstown, began leading attacks against settlers in East Tennessee, Southwest Virginia, and Kentucky, often in conjunction with Doublehead and his warriors from Coldwater. Eventually, he became one of the most feared warriors on the frontier. Meanwhile, Muscogee scalping parties began raiding the Cumberland settlements again, though without mounting any major campaigns. The Treaty of Holston, signed in July 1791, required the Upper Towns to cede more land in return for continued peace because the US government proved unable to stop or roll back illegal settlements. As it appeared to guarantee Cherokee sovereignty, the chiefs of the", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "9028854", "text": "the towns there to join them on their march to South Carolina. Three hundred took up arms and headed out to maraud the backcountry of Georgia and South Carolina. Later in October, Andrew Williamson's South Carolina militia responded by attacking several towns on the eastern frontier of Cherokee territory and burning their foodstores. In late 1779, Oconostota, Savanukah, and other non-belligerent Cherokee leaders traveled north to pay their respects after the death of the White Eyes, the Lenape leader who had been encouraging his people to give up their fighting against the Americans. He had also been negotiating, first with", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "9028884", "text": "a scorched earth strategy to deny their foes supplies. The force eventually retreated, opening the back country to further raids. By the fall of 1782, Lt. Col. Thomas Waters of the Loyalist Rangers, formerly stationed at Fort Ninety-Six in South Carolina, had retreated to the frontier of Cherokee-Muscogee territory just outside Georgia. From his base at the mouth of Long Swamp Creek on Etowah River, he and his remaining rangers, in conjunction with Cherokee and Muscogee warriors, ravaged backwoods homesteads and settlements. The states of South Carolina and Georgia sent out a joint expedition led by Andrew Pickens and Elijah", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "7924331", "text": "within the Cherokee Nation – approximately north of today's Johns Creek – led to America's first Gold Rush, the eventual takeover of the Cherokee Nation by the U.S. government in 1830, and the subsequent forced exile (the \"Trail of Tears\") of Cherokee Indians to Oklahoma and other areas of the American West. A few Cherokees remained, the most famous being Sarah Cordery (1785–1842), the half-blood Cherokee wife of pioneer John Rogers (1774–1851), and their 12 children. Rogers was a respected, influential plantation owner and colleague of President Andrew Jackson. Rogers's 1828 home – today, a private residence in Johns Creek", "title": "Johns Creek, Georgia" }, { "id": "15357341", "text": "Chattanooga, TN and took a northwestern route through eastern Kentucky and southern Illinois before bearing to the southwest near the center of Missouri. The entire trip was roughly 2,200 miles. The Cherokee endured freezing temperatures, snowstorms, and pneumonia. The harshness of the trail and the intense weather conditions claimed around 4,000 lives, although estimates vary. There exist muster rolls for four (Benge, Chuwaluka, G. Hicks, and Hildebrand) of the 12 wagon trains and payrolls of officials for all 13 detachments among the personal papers of Principal Chief John Ross in the Gilcrease Institution in Tulsa, OK. The number of people", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "15357305", "text": "events endured by other Indian groups, especially among the \"Five Civilized Tribes\". The phrase originated as a description of the voluntary removal of the Choctaw Nation in 1831. In the fall of 1835, a census was taken by civilian officials of the US War Department to enumerate Cherokee residing in Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee, with a count of 16,542 Cherokee, 201 inter-married whites, and 1592 slaves (total: 18,335 people). Tensions between the indigenous Cherokee and white settlers developed over ownership of the land rich in gold deposits and fertile soil that could be used for farming cotton. In", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "791473", "text": "lu i\" (the trail where they cried). The Cherokee Trail of Tears resulted from the enforcement of the Treaty of New Echota, an agreement signed under the provisions of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which exchanged Indian land in the East for lands west of the Mississippi River, but which was never accepted by the elected tribal leadership or a majority of the Cherokee people. The sparsely inhabited Cherokee lands were highly attractive to Georgian farmers experiencing population pressure, and illegal settlements resulted. Long-simmering tensions between Georgia and the Cherokee Nation were brought to a crisis by the discovery", "title": "Trail of Tears" }, { "id": "15357337", "text": "Continental Commands (Eastern Division, Gen. Winfield Scott's papers) in the National Archives. There are daily journals of conductors for groups # 1 and 3 among Special Files of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The deaths and desertions in the Army's boat detachments caused Gen Scott to suspend the Army's Removal efforts, and the remaining Cherokee were put into eleven internment camps, mostly located near Ross' Landing (now Chattanooga, TN) and at Red Clay, Bedwell Springs, Chatata, Mouse Creek, Rattlesnake Springs, Chestoee, and Calhoun (site of the former Cherokee Agency) located within Bradley County, TN and one camp (Fort Payne) in", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "14904825", "text": "in 1817 and 1819, exchanged remaining Cherokee lands in Georgia (north of the Hiwassee River) for lands in the Arkansaw Territory west of the Mississippi River. A majority of the remaining Cherokee resisted these treaties and refused to leave their lands east of the Mississippi. Finally, in 1830, the United States Congress enacted the Indian Removal Act to bolster the treaties and forcibly free up title to the sought over state lands. At this time, one-third of the remaining Native Americans left voluntarily, especially because now the act was being enforced by government troops and the Georgia militia. Most of", "title": "Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)" }, { "id": "5252373", "text": "Cherokee Trail The Cherokee Trail was a historic overland trail through the present-day U.S. states of Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, and Wyoming that was used from the late 1840s up through the early 1890s. The route was established in 1849 by a wagon train headed to the gold fields in California. Among the members of the expedition were a group of Cherokee. When the train formed in Indian Territory, Lewis Evans of Evansville, Arkansas, was elected Captain. Thus, this expedition is sometimes written as the Evans/Cherokee Train. According to one source, \"Neither the number of wagons nor the number of people", "title": "Cherokee Trail" }, { "id": "15357315", "text": "no desire to use the power of the national government to protect the Cherokee from Georgia, since he was already entangled with states' rights issues in what became known as the nullification crisis. With the Indian Removal Act of 1830, the U.S. Congress had given Jackson authority to negotiate removal treaties, exchanging Indian land in the East for land west of the Mississippi River. Jackson used the dispute with Georgia to put pressure on the Cherokee to sign a removal treaty. The rapidly expanding population of the United States early in the 19th century created tensions with Native American tribes", "title": "Cherokee removal" }, { "id": "9028798", "text": "destroyed a number of major Cherokee towns, which were never reoccupied. Kituwa was abandoned, and its former residents migrated west; they took up residence at \"Mialoquo\", called Great Island Town, on the Little Tennessee River among the Overhill Cherokee. At the end of this conflict, the Cherokee signed the Treaty of Long-Island-on-the-Holston with the Colony of Virginia (1761) and the Treaty of Charlestown with the Province of South Carolina (1762). Conocotocko (Standing Turkey), the First Beloved Man during the conflict, was replaced by Attakullakulla, who was pro-British. In the aftermath of the Seven Years' War, France in defeat ceded that", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" } ]	when were the cherokees forced to move west
[ "2004" ]	[ { "id": "17232322", "text": "down the slide too soon, resulting in the injury. The park was acquired by Universal Studios in October 1998, Ogden Corp in March 1999, Alfa SmartParks in March 2000, and Palace Entertainment on July 10, 2002. The park closed in 2004. In March 2007, Publishing and Broadcasting Limited and Christopher Milam announced plans to purchase the site for $1.2 billion. They intended to replace it with a mixed-use tower called the Crown Las Vegas. The cost of the project was estimated to be $5 billion, and its original completion date was set for 2014. In March 2008, the project's cancellation", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "17232318", "text": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas) Wet 'n Wild was a water park located at 2601 South Las Vegas Boulevard on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada. The park opened in 1985 and operated until 2004. Construction was underway as of October 1984, with plans to open the 27-acre park on May 1, 1985. The $12 million project was a joint venture between Howard Hughes Development Corporation – part of Summa Corporation – and San Diego-based Wet 'n' Wild. Howard Hughes Development Corporation conceived the project because of the potential to expand the local tourism market through family entertainment, and", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "16823932", "text": "of the park, Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas' opening was staggered for different ticket holders. Following a private grand opening party on May 23, the park opened to Gold Pass holders on May 25, Season Pass holders on May 28, and all other ticket holders on June 3. The overwhelming demand for season passes caused the park to cease selling passes for the year and has pushed expansion of the park forward to the immediate end of the season, as Village Roadshow owns 71 acres around the park for future expansion. Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas features 26 attractions including: Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas Wet'n'Wild", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas" }, { "id": "16823929", "text": "Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas is a water park in Spring Valley, Nevada. The park is part of Village Roadshow Theme Parks' Wet'n'Wild chain of water parks located across the world. The park opened in May 2013 and is located at 7055 S. Fort Apache Road, southwest of the I-215 and Sunset Road intersection. On August 6, 2011, plans to develop a water park in the Las Vegas Valley were unveiled. The owners of the Hawaiian Falls chain of water parks in Texas were behind the proposal to open the park by Memorial Day Weekend 2012. On November 14,", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas" }, { "id": "2577950", "text": "a result of electrical problems, killing 87 people. It reopened eight months later. In 1986, Kerkorian sold the MGM Grand to Bally Manufacturing, and it was renamed Bally's. The Wet 'n Wild water park opened in 1985 and was located on the south side of the Sahara hotel. It closed at the end of the 2004 season and was later demolished. The opening of The Mirage in 1989 set a new level to the Las Vegas experience, as smaller hotels and casinos made way for the larger mega-resorts. The Rio and the Excalibur opened in 1990. These huge facilities offer", "title": "Las Vegas Strip" }, { "id": "17232320", "text": "18, 1985, after $14 million was spent on construction. The park included three turbine engines capable of creating rolling four-foot waves in a 170-foot pool. The park also featured a 17,000-square-foot surf lagoon containing 500,000 gallons of water, ranging in depth from eight feet to two inches. The surf lagoon was a main attraction, as well as a 76-foot-high water slide known as the Der Stuka, located along Las Vegas Boulevard on the property's west end, south of the Sahara. Approximately 500,000 people were expected to visit the water park during its first year. By June 1986, park attendance had", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "10955797", "text": "2003; Disco H2O, an enclosed Behemoth Bowl, in 2005; and Brain Wash, an enclosed Tornado, in 2008. In 2011, the Kids Park was demolished. In 2012, it was replaced by Blastaway Beach, a larger children's water play area, also themed around sandcastles. In 2014, the Bubba Tub was removed and replaced with the Aqua Drag Racer, a four lane race slide. On June 17, 2015, it was confirmed that the park would close on December 31, 2016, to be replaced by a Universal Orlando Resort water park named Volcano Bay. The park was the most-attended water park in the United", "title": "Wet 'n Wild Orlando" }, { "id": "17232324", "text": "former UNLV student and NBA player, announced that he was planning on using the same site of the proposed Silver State Arena to build the All Net Resort and Arena, a $1.4 billion privately funded complex encompassing an arena, hotel and shopping project that could attract an NBA franchise to Las Vegas. The arena itself would cost $670 million. The project is delayed until 2018 or 2019. Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas) Wet 'n Wild was a water park located at 2601 South Las Vegas Boulevard on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada. The park opened in 1985 and", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "17232323", "text": "was announced and the site was put up for sale. The idea of turning the abandoned site into a stadium began in 2010, when Milam revealed plans for the Silver State Arena. Milam's company International Development Management would get the 27-acre land from Sue Lowden and her husband Paul, and atop build a 20,000-seat stadium at the cost of $750 million, using about $9 million a year in redevelopment district taxes. The project stalled after Clark County rejected a proposal to fund 15% of the venue with public money and nearby residents opposed construction. In 2013, businessman Jackie Robinson, a", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "16809095", "text": "for an undisclosed sum in 2009. Village Roadshow Theme Parks, however, continued to operate the park. In 2013, new Wet'n'Wild water parks were built by Village Roadshow Theme Parks in Las Vegas and Sydney. In November 2013, CNL Lifestyle Properties purchased Wet'n'Wild Phoenix, with Premier Parks, LLC taking over operations of both Wet'n'Wild Phoenix and Wet'n'Wild Hawaii for the 2014 season. In addition, CNL Lifestyle Properties also purchased the rights to the Wet'n'Wild brand in the United States. Village Roadshow Theme Parks will continue to operate and hold a majority stake in ownership of Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas. CNL Lifestyle Properties'", "title": "Wet'n'Wild (brand)" }, { "id": "2134040", "text": "season starts in September and ends in late May, which coincides with the completion of May sweeps. The show has five complete seasons; all are available on DVD. The show was renewed for the fifth season on February 27, 2007. On March 2, 2007, it was announced that James Caan and Nikki Cox would be leaving the series. Caan departed because he wanted to return to acting in feature films, while Cox's departure seemed to stem from budget cuts. Tom Selleck replaced James Caan as head boss in season five. In the final season, only 19 episodes of the originally", "title": "Las Vegas (TV series)" }, { "id": "4993708", "text": "Caesars Palace, and Circus Circus remaining from the pre-1969 era. On May 16, 2011, at 12:00 PM PDT, the last hotel guest checked out of the Sahara Hotel and Casino, and the hotel officially closed at 2:00 PM. This marked the end of a 59-year run on the Strip. According to the Sahara's website, any previous reservations would be honored at the Circus Circus. NCL/National Content Liquidators began a liquidation sale on June 16, 2011, of all items inside the property; the sale continued until the property was completely empty. The final day of the sale was September 4, 2011.", "title": "SLS Las Vegas" }, { "id": "17232319", "text": "the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority believed that the water park would appeal to families visiting Las Vegas. Howard Hughes Development Corporation chose a water park theme as the company did not want to compete against southern California's Disneyland and Knott's Berry Farm theme parks, as many Las Vegas tourists were residents of southern California. The concept of a water park in Las Vegas was also considered ideal because of the city's dry and hot weather. The water park was located on the Las Vegas Strip, between the Sahara and El Rancho hotel-casinos. Wet 'n Wild opened on May", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "17232321", "text": "increased 19.7 percent from the previous year. A capsule known as the Bomb Bay was eventually added atop the Der Stuka. The Bomb Bay required people to push a button, which opened the floor beneath them, plummeting riders to the slide approximately 20 feet below. In 1993, the park was sued by Russell Beatty, a man who suffered temporary paralysis after his neck was broken in three areas. Beatty had been waiting for his son at the bottom of the Hydro Blaster water slide and was struck by a 275-pound man. Beatty alleged that lifeguards allowed the man to go", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "16823931", "text": "Coast and Wet'n'Wild Sydney. On October 4, 2012, it was announced that Village Roadshow Theme Parks would be opening Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas in May 2013 on the site of the proposed Splash Canyon Waterpark. Village Roadshow holds a 51% stake in the park with private investors including Andre Agassi and Steffi Graf holding the remaining 49%. The water park cost over US$50 million. In mid-May 2013, Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas announced the park's opening and operating schedule, as well as the beginning of a charity auction for the first rides on four of the park's slides. Due to the expected popularity", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas" }, { "id": "16823930", "text": "2011, \"Splash Canyon Waterpark\" was officially announced along with a listing of the rides and attractions to be included in the park. On February 3, 2012, it was announced that the opening of the water park would be delayed by a year to ensure everything would be completely operational before opening. In June 2012, Australian-based entertainment company Village Roadshow revealed they had plans to open a Wet'n'Wild-branded water park in Las Vegas. The company already operates Wet'n'Wild Hawaii and Wet'n'Wild Phoenix in the United States, as well as a number of amusement and water parks in Australia including Wet'n'Wild Gold", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas" }, { "id": "2134033", "text": "from the Foundation for the Blind, after it was left to them following Monica's death. In the season-four episode \"Bare Chested in the Park\", his character is killed off in a fishing accident: a giant squid envelops him off the coast of New Zealand. The autopsy reveals that he was poisoned before the accident. He leaves the Montecito to Sam, who faces tax problems he left. In the series finale, Sam plans to marry Casey's brother Vic, though she does not love him, because Vic reminds her of Casey. Sarasvati Kumar (Lakshmi Manchu) is an accountant for the casino and", "title": "Las Vegas (TV series)" }, { "id": "10955793", "text": "Wet 'n Wild Orlando Wet 'n Wild Orlando was the flagship water park of Wet 'n Wild owned by NBC Universal, located on International Drive in Orlando, Florida. It was founded in 1977 by SeaWorld creator George Millay and is considered America's first water park. It closed on December 31, 2016. While developing SeaWorld, George Millay realized the need for a water park, later recalling \"being in Florida, with all its heat and hot sun, you naturally think about cooling off in water\". In the mid-1970s, he directed his time and money towards the project. The idea of it stemmed", "title": "Wet 'n Wild Orlando" }, { "id": "3226929", "text": "parking garage. Wet 'n Wild officially closed on December 31, 2016 due to the opening of Volcano Bay, Universal Orlando's on-site water park near the Cabana Bay Beach Resort that opened on May 25, 2017. It was announced on March 21, 2017 that the land once occupied by Wet 'n Wild would be transformed into Universal's seventh hotel. It was later learned that Universal would split the property into two hotels, rather than one resort. The resort features six official on-site hotels totaling up to 6,200 rooms. All six hotels are located in close proximity to the Universal Orlando theme", "title": "Universal Orlando" }, { "id": "9669450", "text": "the economy improves. Six of the stores were in the Las Vegas area, six in the Phoenix area and one in Moreno Valley, California. Most of the closures were \"C-level stores,\" or those doing less than $50,000 USD in weekly sales. The business was not expected to break even until 2012–13. In the Strategic Review announcement in December 2012, research was showing that the company was not going to make a profit until the end of 2013 or even 2014. An article in the \"Los Angeles Times\" estimated that the chain has experienced \"about $1.2 billion in cumulative annual losses\"", "title": "Fresh & Easy" }, { "id": "15726756", "text": "Miles have also been residing in San Francisco. The two announced their engagement in March 2015 and were married on June 18, 2016. They are currently expecting their first child, due in September 2018. Winners Ken and Yanina got married in the Dominican Republic on January 17, 2015. They welcomed their daughter Andi on January 8, 2016. Ben and Michelle were married on October 26, 2013 but divorced in 2014. Summer and Chase announced their engagement in September 2014. They were married on March 4, 2016. Jesse Wilson was a contestant on SyFy's reality game show \"Opposite Worlds\". \"Love in", "title": "Love in the Wild" }, { "id": "9704397", "text": "in Las Vegas, because of media coverage, for winning a lengthy court dispute about parking spaces with his neighbor and landlord, Rick Rizzolo, former owner of the Crazy Horse Too gentlemen's club, located next door to Barrier's repair shop. Rizzolo was court ordered to sell the nightclub to satisfy debts. When the business did not sell, the U.S. Marshals Service seized the bar in September 2007, forcing its eventual closure. Rizzolo was released in April 2008 after serving a year in a federal prison on a racketeering and tax evasion conviction in U.S. Federal court. Because of the government taking", "title": "James Barrier" }, { "id": "1415160", "text": "these occurred at the Pacific Proving Grounds in the Marshall Islands. During the 1950s, the mushroom clouds from atmospheric tests could be seen for almost . The city of Las Vegas experienced noticeable seismic effects, and the distant mushroom clouds, which could be seen from the downtown hotels, became tourist attractions. The last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada Test Site was \"Little Feller I\" of Operation Sunbeam, on July 17, 1962. Although the United States did not ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, it honors the articles of the treaty, and underground testing of weapons ended as of September 23,", "title": "Nevada Test Site" }, { "id": "10955795", "text": "and never looked back\". The success of the park spawned several other Wet 'n Wild-branded parks across the Americas. He was given the first ever Lifetime Achievement Award from the World Waterpark Association who named him the official \"Father of the Waterpark\". In 1998, Millay sold off his interests in his parks. The Orlando location was purchased by Universal Studios Recreation Group, who continued to lease the land on which it is located. In mid-2013, Universal purchased the of land for $30.9 million. In 1998, the Hydra Fighter was added to the park. Riders were able to control their suspended", "title": "Wet 'n Wild Orlando" }, { "id": "13438189", "text": "Wet N' Wild Waterworld Wet N' Wild Waterworld is a 60 acre waterpark featuring over 25 rides and attractions and a canopy of mature shade trees. It is located at 8804 S. Desert in Anthony, Texas, a small town in between El Paso, Texas, and Las Cruces, New Mexico. The park usually opens the first weekend in May, and closes after Labor Day. It has over twenty-five rides and attractions. In addition to traditional water rides, the park has a wave pool, a lazy river, shallow kiddie pools, a spray park, and a climbing wall. Amenities include shaded picnic areas", "title": "Wet N' Wild Waterworld" }, { "id": "10955798", "text": "States until 1999, when Walt Disney World Resort's Typhoon Lagoon and Blizzard Beach surpassed it. At the time, it was averaging around 1.3 million visitors for several years. The park was featured on Travel Channel's Extreme Waterparks and was also the setting for the music video for \"Se A Vida É\", by the Pet Shop Boys. The park was featured for Puerto Rican band Menudo for their video Nao Se Reprima in Portuguese. Wet 'n Wild Orlando Wet 'n Wild Orlando was the flagship water park of Wet 'n Wild owned by NBC Universal, located on International Drive in Orlando,", "title": "Wet 'n Wild Orlando" }, { "id": "1862535", "text": "2003 and closing on January 4, 2009. In June 2005, \"Mamma Mia!\" played its 1000th performance in Las Vegas, becoming the longest-running West End/Broadway musical in Las Vegas. The clothes and scenarios from this production are now used in Brazil. The show returned to Las Vegas on May 16, 2014 at the Tropicana Hotel & Casino, but announced its closing soon after on July 22. The North American tour started in Providence, Rhode Island in February 28, 2002 and closed in St. Louis, Missouri in July 30, 2017, after more than 4.000 performances. The first non-English version of the show", "title": "Mamma Mia!" }, { "id": "17142190", "text": "expected to open in 2016. However, the opening date was delayed several times due to redesigns of the project. Groundbreaking took place in May 2015, and construction began in late 2017. In 2007, Boyd Gaming demolished its Stardust Resort and Casino on the northern Las Vegas Strip to develop Echelon Place, but construction was halted during the economic downturn of 2008. In 2012, Boyd Gaming began negotiations to sell the site to the Malaysia-based Genting Group. After months of negotiating, the site was sold to Genting for $350 million on March 4, 2013. On the same day, as part of", "title": "Resorts World Las Vegas" }, { "id": "10084038", "text": "Speed – The Ride Speed – The Ride is a roller coaster currently in storage, it was located on the Las Vegas Strip at the now-defunct Sahara Hotel and Casino. The coaster operated from April 28, 2000, to May 1, 2011. The roller coaster is currently in storage at Akita Plaza. Speed – The Ride was introduced in the Sahara's 1999 remodeling, as part of the NASCAR Café. As of August 2008, the ride was shut down with no information from the venue. However, the ride reopened in February 2009, then closed again in May 2011 because of the closure", "title": "Speed – The Ride" }, { "id": "4993707", "text": "the 1999 architects. Bennett died in December 2002. Rumors of the Sahara's closure surfaced in the media in February 2006. By June, the Sahara site was reportedly up for sale. In March 2007, Sam Nazarian and Stockbridge Real Estate Group agreed to purchase the Sahara from the Bennett family for an estimated $300 to $400 million. The Sahara shut down on May 16, 2011. SBE chief executive Sam Nazarian stated that the hotel was not \"economically viable\". Nazarian said that he would help the 1,600 hotel workers find new jobs. Its closure left only Riviera (closed in 2015), Tropicana, Flamingo,", "title": "SLS Las Vegas" }, { "id": "5789134", "text": "2017 on MTV. The 10th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from November 30, 2017 to March 1, 2018 on MTV. The 11th season will consist of 22 episodes and premiered on March 15, 2018 on MTV, two weeks after the end of Season 10. The season resumed on July 12, 2018. The 12th season will consist of 26 episodes and premiered on August 17, 2018 on MTV. The 13th season had filmed in Atlanta from October 29 to November 11, 2018 and will air sometime in 2019 on MTV. Wild 'n Out Nick Cannon Presents:", "title": "Wild 'n Out" }, { "id": "14901300", "text": "April 2014 Season 2 - 20 September 2014 - 19 April 2015 Season 3 - 19 September 2015 - 24 April 2016 Season 4 - 24 September 2016 - 24 April 2017 Season 5 - 23 September 2017 - 29 April 2018 Wet'n'Wild Sydney Wet'n'Wild Sydney is a water park in Prospect, New South Wales, Australia, that opened on 12 December 2013. The park was announced on 11 September 2010 and was the third Wet'n'Wild water park operated by Village Roadshow Theme Parks, after locations on the Gold Coast and Las Vegas. On 2 July 2018, it was announced that", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Sydney" }, { "id": "4650712", "text": "result of the reconfiguration of the track. Between 2005 (old layout) and 2011 (new layout), no indycar race was held there. NASCAR still use the old length of exactly 1.5 miles for the reconfigured oval. Las Vegas Motor Speedway Las Vegas Motor Speedway, located in Clark County, Nevada in Las Vegas, Nevada about 15 miles northeast of the Las Vegas Strip, is a complex of multiple tracks for motorsports racing. The complex is owned by Speedway Motorsports, Inc., which is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. Following the final closure of Stardust International Raceway in 1971, plans were developed for a", "title": "Las Vegas Motor Speedway" }, { "id": "7260998", "text": "venture defaulted on loans eight months later, and the property remained vacant. Sometime before 2015, Starwood and Station Casinos held discussions about developing a W hotel on the site of Station's Wild Wild West Gambling Hall & Hotel. At the SLS Las Vegas on the north end of the Las Vegas Strip, Starwood operated one of the resort's hotel towers, the former LUX Tower, as a separate hotel known as W Las Vegas. It operated from December 2016 to August 2018. W Las Vegas W Las Vegas was a planned condo-hotel and casino resort near the Las Vegas Strip in", "title": "W Las Vegas" }, { "id": "9457212", "text": "Studio 54 (Las Vegas) Studio 54 opened in Las Vegas in December 1997 and closed in February 2012 at the MGM Grand. Designed to be a replica of the original Studio 54 nightclub, it had most of the original elements and equipment, including the \"Man in the Moon\" and the spoon, however the two were never displayed together. The club was visited on opening night by Elton John, one of the most frequent guests at the original location. It was one of Las Vegas' most popular dance clubs, with a reputation for a strict door policy, but not as strict", "title": "Studio 54 (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "14901299", "text": "a permanent MyBand, while Single Day Admission ticketed guests receive a temporary MyBand. The device is used by uploading cash from the park or online which can then be used to purchase retail items, food and beverages with a simple swipe. The system was designed by RFID n Print. Shortly after opening, various complaints had been made about ticket and food pricing, long queues, venue capacity, long lines for the car park, and rides being shut down without apparent reason. An 8-year-old girl was injured in January 2014 on the Bombora ride. Season 1 - 12 December 2013 - 27", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Sydney" }, { "id": "7243393", "text": "extras including five full-length music videos for \"California Love\", \"To Live & Die in LA\", \"Hit 'Em Up\", \"How Do You Want It\" and \"I Ain't Mad at Cha\". Live at the House of Blues (Tupac Shakur album) Tupac: Live at the House of Blues was 2Pac's last recorded performance. The album was recorded on July 4, 1996 and then released in 2005, 9 years after his death. It includes hit singles to date such as \"Hit 'Em Up\", \"2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted\" and \"So Many Tears\". Since its release it has sold over a million copies and is", "title": "Live at the House of Blues (Tupac Shakur album)" }, { "id": "16957989", "text": "new PV for the song \"Keep the Heat and Fire Yourself Up\" which is also the opening for the anime \"Hakyū Hōshin Engi\". The full single was released 2 May 2018. The band also provided \"The Gong of Knockout\" for the second opening for Netflix and TMS Entertainment's anime adaptation of \"Baki the Grappler\" in 2018. On 30 June 2018, their official website announced the guitarist Sxun left the band for personal circumstances. Fear, and Loathing in Las Vegas Fear, and Loathing in Las Vegas (Japanese: フィアー·アンド·ロージング·イン·ラスベガス) is a Japanese electronicore band from Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, formed in summer 2008.", "title": "Fear, and Loathing in Las Vegas" }, { "id": "2134041", "text": "planned 22 were filmed at the time the show was cancelled, due largely to the 2007 TV Writer's strike which effectively killed off numerous hit TV shows, like Las Vegas. The final episode was a cliffhanger with many issues left unresolved; they will remain unresolved, according to \"TV Guide Canada\". At one point, Michael Ausiello of \"TV Guide\" said that there were plans, should a proper resolution not be possible, to have the characters of Danny McCoy and Delinda Deline cameo in an episode of \"Knight Rider\", carrying a newborn. Due to \"Knight Rider\" cancellation, however, Danny and Delinda's cameo", "title": "Las Vegas (TV series)" }, { "id": "14829821", "text": "but did not perform in Las Vegas due to personal reasons. The Quarterfinals began on July 12, 2011, and ended on August 17, 2011, with the conclusion of the Wild Card results episode. This round includes the Top 48 acts which passed through Las Vegas Week, the acts that passed through the YouTube audition rounds, and a Wild Card show featuring previously eliminated quarterfinalists. Guests: Avril Lavigne, \"Priscilla, Queen of the Desert\" Guests: Hot Chelle Rae, TRACES Guests: Stevie Nicks, Fighting Gravity, \"The Smurfs\" Guests: Maroon 5, Jason Derülo Guests: OK Go and Pilobolus, Keenan Cahill, Rebecca Black, Tay Zonday,", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 6)" }, { "id": "7086285", "text": "as part of the dining options. In July 2012 a new zip line attraction called Face Drop was added.The first of its kind in Canada, Face Drop has four 1,200-foot long high-tension cable rides that can be reaching speeds of 50 km/hr In May 2015, Wild Water Kingdom announced that it would be closed for the 2015 season while it underwent major renovations and expansions. The water park remained closed during the 2016 season for continued renovations but the sports complex and golf driving range remained open.<ref name=\"http://www.wildwaterkingdom.com\">http://www.wildwaterkingdom.com/</ref> Premier Parks, LLC, the operator of multiple attraction properties in Canada and", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Toronto" }, { "id": "6406358", "text": "Hawaii for the 2014 season. In addition, CNL Lifestyle Properties also purchased the rights to the Wet'n'Wild brand in the United States, which was later used for the company's Palm Springs water park. Village Roadshow Theme Parks will continue to operate and hold a majority stake in ownership of Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas. In a press release, the company stated the water park market in the United States was too mature, and that they would be pursuing other opportunities in Asia. On 16 July 2014, Village Roadshow Theme Parks signed a partnership with 20th Century Fox Consumer Products to open the", "title": "Village Roadshow Theme Parks" }, { "id": "10084041", "text": "Intermountain Lift, Inc. Speed – The Ride Speed – The Ride is a roller coaster currently in storage, it was located on the Las Vegas Strip at the now-defunct Sahara Hotel and Casino. The coaster operated from April 28, 2000, to May 1, 2011. The roller coaster is currently in storage at Akita Plaza. Speed – The Ride was introduced in the Sahara's 1999 remodeling, as part of the NASCAR Café. As of August 2008, the ride was shut down with no information from the venue. However, the ride reopened in February 2009, then closed again in May 2011 because", "title": "Speed – The Ride" }, { "id": "19388382", "text": "Trip, and the latter reappearing since the Up and Coming Tour, 6 years after the last performance on the last show of that tour in Las Vegas, but now, though it's been inserted in the encore like before, it's not the culminating number of the show and is not attached in a medley with The End. Since the Newark concerts, there's another change in the set list: \"The Fool on the Hill\" is gone, and \"A Day in the Life/Give Peace a Chance\" replaces it, returning since the Desert Trip shows, and after being absent since On the Run. 24", "title": "One on One (tour)" }, { "id": "583326", "text": "summer months of June through September are very hot, though moderated by extremely low humidity. July is the hottest month, with an average daytime high of . On average, 134 days per year reach or exceed , of which 74 days reach and 7 days reach . During the peak intensity of summer, overnight lows frequently remain above and occasionally above . While most summer days are consistently hot, dry, and cloudless, the North American Monsoon sporadically interrupts this pattern and brings more cloud cover, thunderstorms, lightning, increased humidity, and brief spells of heavy rain. The window of opportunity for", "title": "Las Vegas" }, { "id": "15726755", "text": "in Season 1, when Steele's switch attempt led to a retaliatory rejection by Erica which eliminated both of them. In Season 1, the last three couples had formed romantic bonds which helped protect them from elimination. Mike and Samantha won Season 1 and earned a trip around the world together. Mike and Samantha announced their engagement in March 2013 and got married on April 19, 2014 in San Francisco, California, where they have been living together since the show ended. They have two children: daughter Audrey (born on December 29, 2015) and son Zachary (born February 1, 2018). Heather and", "title": "Love in the Wild" }, { "id": "2830463", "text": "August 2014, Vegas took part in ITV's two-part documentary series \"Secrets from the Clink\". In May 2013, Vegas played the role of Lord Ratspeaker in a BBC radio adaptation of Neil Gaiman's \"Neverwhere\", adapted by Dirk Maggs. Since 26 December 2013, Vegas has played Wet Eric Agnew in the revived BBC sitcom \"Still Open All Hours\". Vegas has guest presented numerous episodes of \"Sunday Brunch\" for Channel 4. In August 2015, he narrated the four-part series \"Travel Guides\" for ITV. In 2016, he took part in ITV's celebrity driving show \"Drive\", hosted by Vernon Kay. In August 2016, Vegas starred", "title": "Johnny Vegas" }, { "id": "19968157", "text": "UK and #3 in the US. It remains his highest charting album in The United States. Tom Jones Live in Las Vegas Tom Jones Live in Las Vegas is a live album recorded at The Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada during the summer of 1969, and released in November 1969. Performed and recorded during one of the peaks of his popularity, due to his TV series, \"This is Tom Jones\" (from 1969 to 1971) and several hit singles in the late 1960s (\"It's Not Unusual\", \"What's New Pussycat?\", \"Green, Green Grass of Home\", \"Love Me Tonight\"), Tom Jones and", "title": "Tom Jones Live in Las Vegas" }, { "id": "5900150", "text": "Studios Florida would be closing the ride. Several reports indicated it would be replaced by an attraction based on either \"The Simpsons\" TV series or \"The Fast and the Furious\" film franchise. On September 7, 2006, Universal Studios Florida officially confirmed the ride's closure. According to a Universal spokesman, the park had not formalized any plans for a replacement but decided to close one half of it immediately to \"explore possibilities for future rides\". The full ride's closure was initially suggested by media to be as early as October 2006, however, it wasn't until March 30, 2007, that it closed", "title": "Back to the Future: The Ride" }, { "id": "9111826", "text": "fresh voice-over and a preceding announcement pointing out that some situations are \"presented to Bear to show the viewer how to survive\". However, five of the most controversial Season 1 episodes were never re-released after editing and are no longer available on DVD from Discovery. These are The Rockies, Moab Desert, Costa Rican Rain Forest, Mount Kilauea (Hawaii) and Desert Island (Hawaii). Following criticism in the media in July 2007 about elements of the show's first season, British Channel 4 temporarily suspended the show's second season for a few weeks, promising clarification and transparency in the production and editing of", "title": "Man vs. Wild" }, { "id": "7107536", "text": "Wet 'n Wild (brand) Wet 'n Wild is a name used by various water parks across the United States, Brazil and Mexico, originally owned by SeaWorld creator George Millay. It is not to be confused with the Wet'n'Wild brand owned by Village Roadshow Theme Parks and CNL Lifestyle Properties or the stand-alone waterpark Wet 'N' Wild Waterworld in Anthony, Texas. The name was first used for a water park when SeaWorld founder George Millay opened his first water park Wet 'n Wild Orlando in Orlando, Florida in 1977. Wet 'n Wild in Orlando, However, closed permanently December 31, 2016, and", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (brand)" }, { "id": "20187526", "text": "Theatre, and was first scheduled to end July 7, 2019 in Dallas at the AT&T Performing Arts Center, then - after the Toronto run had begun - further dates were announced in Las Vegas and an 8-week run in New York (off-Broadway) from July 30, 2019 to September 22, 2019. On November 1, 2018, the North American tour was postponed by producers and concluded with the scheduled end of the Toronto run on November 3, 2018. No reason for the postponing was given, and this decision was criticized by many of the tour's cast, who voiced their displeasure with the", "title": "Bat Out of Hell The Musical" }, { "id": "6406356", "text": "acquisition of the Hawaiian Waters Adventure Park in the United States. The park was rebranded to Wet'n'Wild Hawaii the following year. At around the same time, the company also purchased WaterWorld Safari, investing $30 million in the park relaunched as Wet'n'Wild Phoenix. Village Roadshow's ownership of Wet'n'Wild Hawaii was short-lived. The park was sold to CNL Lifestyle Properties for an undisclosed sum in 2009. Village Roadshow Theme Parks, however, continued to operate the park on a lease which concluded in November 2013. On 4 October 2012, it was announced that Village Roadshow Theme Parks would be opening Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas", "title": "Village Roadshow Theme Parks" }, { "id": "5443064", "text": "Las Vegas Desert Classic The Las Vegas Desert Classic was a darts tournament, organized by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) and was held each year in July from 2002 until 2009. Its original venue was the MGM Grand Casino and Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada from 2002 to 2005, but the tournament moved down the strip to the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino from 2006 to 2009. The tournament carried a total prize purse of £126,400 (approx US$250,000). Due to the time difference between the UK and US, the matches were played in the morning local time – which is prime-time", "title": "Las Vegas Desert Classic" }, { "id": "5443066", "text": "In 2004 and 2005, the tournament reverted to straight knockout with a sets format with best of 5 legs per set throughout. In 2006, the tournament had a legs only format in the Last 32, before reverting to a sets format with best of 5 legs per set for the Last 16, Quarter Finals, Semi Finals and the Final. From 2007 to 2009, the tournament remained straight knockout but moved back to a legs only format throughout. Phil Taylor won the title five times out of the eight years the event was staged. Peter Manley, John Part and Raymond van", "title": "Las Vegas Desert Classic" }, { "id": "4367923", "text": "to the two parks. Loews Portofino Bay Hotel at Universal Orlando hotel opened at Universal Orlando Resort in September 1999, followed by Hard Rock Hotel in December 2000, Loews Royal Pacific Resort in February 2001, Cabana Bay Beach Resort on March 31, 2014, and Loews Sapphire Falls Resort on July 7, 2016. In 1998, Universal Orlando acquired Wet 'n Wild water park (founded in 1977 by Seaworld founder George Millay) and was the company's main water park until it closed on December 31, 2016, where it was replaced by another water park Volcano Bay, which opened on May 25, 2017.", "title": "Universal Parks & Resorts" }, { "id": "2577951", "text": "entertainment and dining options, as well as gambling and lodging. This change affected the smaller, well-known and now historic hotels and casinos, like The Dunes, The Sands, the Stardust, and the Sahara. The lights along the Strip have been dimmed in a sign of respect to six performers and one other major Las Vegas figure upon their deaths. They are Elvis Presley (1977), Sammy Davis Jr. (1990), Dean Martin (1995), George Burns (1996), Frank Sinatra (1998), former UNLV basketball head coach Jerry Tarkanian (2015), and Don Rickles (2017). The Strip lights were dimmed later in 2017 as a memorial to", "title": "Las Vegas Strip" }, { "id": "14048997", "text": "take at least a year. On August 15, 2011, MGM announced plans to implode the building. The hotel's demolition was approved by a judge in August 2013, as the building represented a threat to public safety due to the risk of collapse in an earthquake. Unlike many Las Vegas properties, the hotel was taken apart floor-by-floor due to its proximity to other buildings, rather than being imploded. Dismantling of the hotel began in June 2014 and was completed in 2015. The dismantling was expected to cost $11.5 million. In the fall of 2014, a large and complex legal dispute between", "title": "The Harmon" }, { "id": "4802884", "text": "Benji and Joel Madden were also investors. Wasted Space closed on September 19, 2010, with Alien Ant Farm as the closing act. The space was replaced by a Race and Sports book. The \"Vinyl\" venue opened August 24, 2012. Vinyl has a trendy industrial look and feel, featuring Chicago-common brick and cinderblock, wood floors and an exposed, sky-high ceiling. Along the perimeter of the venue is a bar where guests can watch all the action. On June 17, 2018, the \"Vinyl\" highlighted on what turned out to be the final performance of legendary drummer Vinnie Paul, who died five days", "title": "Hard Rock Hotel and Casino (Las Vegas)" }, { "id": "10087095", "text": "pre-show set by little-but-soon-to-be-widely known No Doubt, who performed on the entrance marquee of Radio City Music Hall. There was also a short-lived reunion of the four original members of Van Halen, who had not appeared together at that time for more than a decade, presenting the award for Best Male Video, as well as a live interlink with astronauts on the Mir space station. The show also marked Tupac Shakur's final public appearance before being shot four times in a drive-by shooting in Las Vegas, Nevada three days later on September 7, dying of his wounds on September 13.", "title": "1996 MTV Video Music Awards" }, { "id": "3256629", "text": "Terror's final day of operation was January 2, 2017; the ride then closed January 3. In preparation for the closure, Disney began a \"farewell\" promotion of the ride on September 9, 2016, which featured a \"Late Check Out\" option to experience the drop portion of the ride in total darkness. On the night of September 19 and early morning of September 20, the \"Hollywood Tower Hotel\" sign was removed to prepare for the new attraction. The other three Disney parks with versions of the Tower of Terror are unaffected, and Disney has stated that there are no plans to change", "title": "The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror" }, { "id": "19968154", "text": "Tom Jones Live in Las Vegas Tom Jones Live in Las Vegas is a live album recorded at The Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada during the summer of 1969, and released in November 1969. Performed and recorded during one of the peaks of his popularity, due to his TV series, \"This is Tom Jones\" (from 1969 to 1971) and several hit singles in the late 1960s (\"It's Not Unusual\", \"What's New Pussycat?\", \"Green, Green Grass of Home\", \"Love Me Tonight\"), Tom Jones and his accompanying band, led by Johnnie Spence, gave a tight and highly energetic performance. Jones' band", "title": "Tom Jones Live in Las Vegas" }, { "id": "6541291", "text": "Theatre in 2011-2012 with the original cast. It currently holds the record for playing in the most houses (eight) in London's West End. The production has played the following West End Theatres from 2003 - 2014 Peacock Theatre, Theatre Royal Haymarket, Novello Theatre , Savoy Theatre, London Palladium, Theatre Royal Drury Lane, Adelphi Theatre and Wyndham's Theatre. On 13 December 2017 it returned to the Theatre Royal Haymarket and in January the show was enhanced with a celebration of Ella Fitzgerald's centenary. Ella Fitzgerald is played by Nicola Emmanuelle. It will close in February 2018 followed by another U.K. Tour", "title": "The Rat Pack: Live from Las Vegas" }, { "id": "1503000", "text": "Wood Tour, with the band playing six all acoustic theater shows, as well as a special Wood performance held 333 feet underground in the Volcano Room at Cumberland Caverns in McMinville, TN for a taping of an episode of PBS' Bluegrass Underground. The band played an extensive 2014 tour, with three-night stands at Red Rocks, The Joint at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, NV, The Riverside Theater in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and 1stBank Center in Broomfield, CO. The band closed out 2014 with two shows in Charlotte, NC: the annual Tunes for Tots benefit performance at The", "title": "Widespread Panic" }, { "id": "15259519", "text": "44 have been removed, but the foundations are currently used for various functions. The FAA had operated the AN/FPS-20A as part of the Joint Surveillance System (JSS) until the facility was replaced with a CARSR and ModeS. Both the SMYC and FAA facilities are restricted access. Las Vegas Air Force Station Las Vegas Air Force Station (ADC ID: SM-163, NORAD ID: Z-163) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station. It is located west-northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. It was closed by the Air Force in 1969 and turned over to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The", "title": "Las Vegas Air Force Station" }, { "id": "9669454", "text": "Vegas Valley in anticipation of a chainwide rollout. On October 21, 2015, Fresh & Easy announced it was closing all of its stores. Brendan Wonnacott, a spokesman for the chain, said Fresh & Easy was starting “the process for an organized wind-down.” According to Wonnacott, Fresh & Easy did not have enough cash and could not obtain financing to continue operating the business. In a Chapter 7 manner, stores would be liquidated and closed within the next few weeks. The stores began a liquidation sale on October 24, 2015, and by November 13, 2015, all of their stores were closed,", "title": "Fresh & Easy" }, { "id": "19733839", "text": "a headlining performance in Las Vegas. On October 4, 2016, Simon Cowell signed a contract to remain as a judge through 2019. Long-time host Nick Cannon announced, on February 13, 2017, that he would not return as host for season 12, soon after he made disparaging remarks about NBC in his 2017 Showtime comedy special, \"Stand Up, Don't Shoot\". Cannon was still under contract to host, and NBC executives did not initially accept his resignation, but they ultimately searched for a new host. On March 12, 2017, NBC announced supermodel Tyra Banks as the host for this season. The season", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 12)" }, { "id": "6244871", "text": "due to methylenedioxymethamphetamine intoxication\" during Electric Daisy Carnival 2010; as a result, the event was re-located to Las Vegas the following year. Drug-related deaths during Electric Zoo 2013 in New York City, United States, and Future Music Festival Asia 2014 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, prompted the final day of both events to be cancelled, while Life in Color cancelled a planned event in Malaysia out of concern for the incident at Future Music Festival Asia and other drug-related deaths that occurred at the A State of Trance 650 concerts in Jakarta, Indonesia. In September 2016, the city of Buenos Aires,", "title": "Electronic dance music" }, { "id": "4734794", "text": "original sign. The Aladdin celebrated the grand opening of their new \"Aladdin Theatre for the Performing Arts\" with singer Neil Diamond being paid $650,000 for four shows; July 2 through July 5, 1976. In August 1979, several individuals were convicted by a Detroit Federal Jury of conspiring to allow hidden owners to exert control over the resort, and the Nevada Gaming Commission then closed the hotel. The resort was sold to Wayne Newton and Ed Torres in 1980 for $85 million, snubbing an offer from comedian Johnny Carson. Newton sold his share to Torres 21 months later. Newton sued NBC,", "title": "Planet Hollywood Las Vegas" }, { "id": "14499913", "text": "for their area. Additionally, the band created a weekly blog for MTV Transmission to chronicle behind the scenes adventures. On October 16, 2011, 30 Seconds to Mars announced that they planned to break the world record for most live shows during a single album cycle, with 300 shows. The 300th show took place on December 7, 2011 and the date marked the two-year anniversary of the album's release in the UK and other parts of Europe and ended a special week-long series of shows in New York and mark the end of the Into the Wild Tour. On the 24th", "title": "Into the Wild Tour" }, { "id": "20935992", "text": "received entry as lucky losers: 2018 Las Vegas Challenger The 2018 Las Vegas Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the revamped tournament which was the part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Las Vegas, United States between 22 and 28 October 2018. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following player received entry into the singles main draw as a special exempt: The following player received entry into the singles main draw as an alternate: The following players received entry from the", "title": "2018 Las Vegas Challenger" }, { "id": "5363411", "text": "Vegas were able to use publicity provided by these media capitals to steer the rapid growth of tourism into Las Vegas thereby dooming Galveston, Texas; Hot Springs, Arkansas; and other illegal gaming centers around the nation. Nevada's legal gaming as well as the paradoxical increased scrutiny by local and federal law enforcement in these other locales during the 1950s made their demise inevitable. While the Strip was booming, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission on January 27, 1951 detonated the first of over a hundred atmospheric explosions at the Nevada Test Site. These atmospheric tests would continue until enactment of the", "title": "History of Las Vegas" }, { "id": "1679536", "text": "surrounding the DeFeo murder case). It was a #12 hit on the UK Singles Chart in 1986. Lovebug Starski and World Famous Brucie B also worked together at the Rooftop Roller rink in Harlem during the 1980s. In the 1990s, Starski began DJing again with his friend DJ Hollywood. Starski died of a heart attack in Las Vegas on February 8, 2018, at the age of 57, while moving speakers out of storage into his apartment. Smith had recently relocated to Las Vegas, where he was working to revive his DJ career with gigs including a weekly residency at the", "title": "Lovebug Starski" }, { "id": "10287173", "text": "United States, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Denmark, Netherlands, Estonia and New Zealand, and reached top ten elsewhere. It was commercially successful achieving 3× Diamond status in Canada, Diamond in France and Multi-Platinum, Platinum and Gold in other countries. \"A New Day...\" ended on 15 December 2007, after a 5-year run of more than 700 shows and 3 million spectators. It reached one of the highest concert grosses in music history, $400,000,000. The 2 disc DVD contains more than 5 hours of never-before seen footage, including the concert and 3 exclusive documentaries: \"Because You Loved Me (A Tribute to", "title": "Live in Las Vegas: A New Day..." }, { "id": "2303957", "text": "\"The Wild Wild West\" returned to MeTV on Saturday afternoons. On January 1, 2018, MeTV began running the series weekday afternoons again, starting with second season (color) episodes. It also airs in the United Kingdom (as of 2015) on the Horror Channel on Sky channel 319, Virgin channel 149, Freeview channel 70 and Freesat channel 138. Conrad and Martin reunited for two television movies, \"The Wild Wild West Revisited\" (aired May 9, 1979) and \"More Wild Wild West\" (aired October 7–8, 1980). \"Revisited\" introduced Paul Williams as Miguelito Loveless Jr., the son of the agents' nemesis. (Michael Dunn, who played", "title": "The Wild Wild West" }, { "id": "7107537", "text": "was replaced by Volcano Bay. Millay went on to open six more water parks under the same name in the United States, Brazil and Mexico. In 1997 and 1998, Millay sold the water parks to various owners including Universal Parks & Resorts, Palace Entertainment and private companies for a total of $77 million. Wet 'n Wild (brand) Wet 'n Wild is a name used by various water parks across the United States, Brazil and Mexico, originally owned by SeaWorld creator George Millay. It is not to be confused with the Wet'n'Wild brand owned by Village Roadshow Theme Parks and CNL", "title": "Wet 'n Wild (brand)" }, { "id": "19503088", "text": "Hotel Nevada closed at approximately 2:00 p.m. on September 1, 1986, resulting in the layoffs of approximately 65 people. The closure was not authorized by bankruptcy court officials, resulting in the building's status changing to a Chapter 7 liquidation under federal bankruptcy laws. Approximately 65 slot machines and other items were removed from the property and sold in Las Vegas. A sale of the building was scheduled for September 23, 1986, but was postponed until October 3, after no potential buyers appeared for the sale. If the property failed to sell, ownership was expected to be reverted to the Goeringers,", "title": "Hotel Nevada and Gambling Hall" }, { "id": "16803444", "text": "(via coupons and group-sales websites) and special promotions (e.g. a Mother's Day package) could not keep the theater filled, even on weekends. Finally, all remaining performances were cancelled; outstanding ticket holders were notified via paper signs taped up at all the entrances, with an e-mail address to contact for a refund. The closure left behind a raft of unpaid bills; claimants included choreographers, contractors and performers. Anaheim Mayor Tom Tait issued a public statement on the closing, stating, \"It's always sad to see a local business close its doors... I look forward to seeing how this property will be turned", "title": "Battle of the Dance" }, { "id": "20150583", "text": "LA to Vegas LA to Vegas is an American sitcom that was broadcast on Fox. The series debuted on January 2, 2018, as a midseason entry in the 2017–18 television season. Starring Dylan McDermott, Kim Matula, Ed Weeks, Nathan Lee Graham, Olivia Macklin, and Peter Stormare, the series follows the crew and regular passengers of the Los Angeles to Las Vegas route of budget airline Jackpot Airlines. On January 9, 2018, Fox picked up three additional episodes for a total of 15. On May 21, 2018, Fox canceled the series after one season. The series follows the lives of the", "title": "LA to Vegas" }, { "id": "4127554", "text": "Men\" in the episode \"Time Zones\" (2014). In 2007, Adam Stein, finalist on the FOX TV show \"On the Lot\", filmed Dough: The Musical at Canter's. Canter's is also mentioned in the song, \"Oh Daddy,\" by The Turtles. In 2003, Canter's opened an additional location inside Treasure Island Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas. It closed in December 2012. Another location has been announced for The Linq Promonade, next to the High Roller, and also Tivoli Village by the end of the second quarter of 2016. On 14 October 2008, Canter's celebrated their 60th anniversary. To mark the occasion, the", "title": "Canter's" }, { "id": "18460910", "text": "2000 when it provided complete coverage of the Ted Binion murder trial. On December 1, 2003, Las Vegas One was moved from channel 39 to channel 19 as part of a Cox channel rearrangement. Las Vegas One also remained on channel 1. As of November 2009, Las Vegas One garnered viewers from only 69,000 households, out of 721,780 households counted by A.C. Nielsen Co. Las Vegas One ceased operations at 2:00 a.m. on January 9, 2010. Brian Greenspun stated, \"I think Las Vegas ONE has served the community well over the last 11 years or so, but the community has", "title": "Las Vegas One" }, { "id": "2577955", "text": "Vegas Strip lost its longtime status as the world's highest-grossing gambling center, falling to second place behind Macau. In 2012, the High Roller Ferris wheel and a retail district called The LINQ Promenade broke ground, in an attempt to diversify attractions beyond that of casino resorts. Renovations and rebrandings such as The Cromwell Las Vegas and the SLS Las Vegas continued to transform The Strip in 2014. The Las Vegas Festival Grounds opened in 2015. In 2016, the T-Mobile Arena, The Park, and the Park Theatre opened. On October 1, 2017, a mass shooting occurred on the Strip at the", "title": "Las Vegas Strip" }, { "id": "20540847", "text": "Domestic Cannabis Eradication/Suppression Program The Domestic Cannabis Eradication/Suppression Program is a Drug Enforcement Agency-funded program to eradicate cannabis in the United States. DEA began the program in 1979 during the War on Drugs. In the first few years of the Reagan administration, the program expanded from seven states to forty. By 1985 it was active in all fifty states. Results of the program vary by locality. In 2015, agents pulled 2.6 million cannabis plants in California, 27 in New Hampshire, and zero in Utah. As of 2018, the program continues alongside various degrees of legalization or decriminalization in all but", "title": "Domestic Cannabis Eradication/Suppression Program" }, { "id": "2577944", "text": "sometimes used to indicate a larger geographical area, including properties or more away from Las Vegas Boulevard, such as the Hard Rock, Rio, Palms, and Hooters casinos. A long-standing definition considers the Strip's northern terminus as the SLS, though travel guides typically extend it to include the Stratosphere to the north. Mandalay Bay, located just north of Russell Road, is the southernmost resort considered to be on the Strip (the Klondike was the southernmost until 2006, when it was closed, although it was not included in the Strip on some definitions and travel guides). Because of the number and size", "title": "Las Vegas Strip" }, { "id": "2293309", "text": "in the television series \"Sex and the City\". He made his film debut two years later in the comedy \"Wet Hot American Summer\". He first gained recognition as Will Tippin in the spy-action television show \"Alias\" (2001–2006), and achieved minor success with a supporting part in the comedy film \"Wedding Crashers\" (2005). His breakthrough role came in 2009 with \"The Hangover\", a critically and commercially successful comedy, which spawned two sequels in 2011 and 2013. Cooper's portrayal of a struggling writer in the thriller \"Limitless\" (2011) and a rookie police officer in the crime drama \"The Place Beyond the Pines\"", "title": "Bradley Cooper" }, { "id": "20368118", "text": "entering the hotel suite, an officer accidentally fired a three-round burst from his weapon, but the bullets did not hit anyone. At 11:27p.m., officers announced over the police radio that a suspect was down. McCarran International Airport, adjacent to the shooting site, was shut down for several hours. Approximately 300 people entered the airport property as they fled from the shooting. This prompted officials to shut down all four runways. More than 25 flights were rerouted to ensure that no aircraft would be hit by gunfire, while other flights were canceled before airfield operations resumed at 12:40a.m. on October 2.", "title": "2017 Las Vegas shooting" }, { "id": "5368854", "text": "The Terminator stage was subsequently used for the annual Halloween Horror Nights event, with \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show: A Tribute\" being shown in 2009. At Universal Studios Japan, the attraction was added as one of the debut attractions in the New York section of the park. It opened to the public on March 31, 2001. California-based firm Technifex provided special effects and show equipment for the attraction. In late 2012, Universal Studios Hollywood announced that their version would close on December 31, 2012. It was later announced Despicable Me Minion Mayhem would replace the attraction. On September 7, 2017,", "title": "T2-3D: Battle Across Time" }, { "id": "9724662", "text": "producers announced plans to close the show for a week in late March 1961 to allow her to recover her strength. The closure came sooner than planned when Ball, suffering from a virus and chronic fatigue, departed for Florida on February 8. She returned two weeks later, but on April 22 she collapsed on stage. It was decided the show would close for nine weeks at the end of May and reopen once its star had recovered fully, but May 24 proved to be her final performance, as the musicians' union insisted on members of the orchestra being paid during", "title": "Wildcat (musical)" }, { "id": "3105751", "text": "London transfer of \"Shout!\" at the Arts Theatre. In December 2010, Pollard had a guest role in the Christmas special of ITV's hit show \"Benidorm\", playing herself. In December 2011, Pollard appeared as a guest on BBC One's \"Strictly Come Dancing\". In the 2012 movie \"Run For Your Wife\" she had a cameo role as the newsagent. She starred in \"Who's Doing the Dishes?\" in September 2016. In 2018 she appeared in ITV's \"Last Laugh in Vegas\". In July 2018 Su began hosting The Su Pollard Show. Episode 1 saw her interview former Brexit Secretary David Davis. Su describes the", "title": "Su Pollard" }, { "id": "11959536", "text": "performance episode. The first episode of the Top 20 performance semifinals was broadcast from Los Angeles, California on September 9, 2008. Terry Fator, the winner of the previous season, made a brief appearance to announce that he would perform the following night, and to announce that the Las Vegas headline show by the winner of the current season would be on October 17. Acts that were eliminated include: Italics indicate the act was a wild card. Order indicates when the act performed during the performance episode. The second episode of the Top 20 performance semifinals was broadcast from Los Angeles,", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 3)" }, { "id": "16233", "text": "chunks of land. In September, they collaborated with Steve Case's Exclusive Resorts to co-develop luxury resorts and design Agassi-Graf Tennis and Fitness Centers. They also invested in online ticket reseller viagogo in 2009 and both serve as board members and advisors of the company. In October 2012, Village Roadshow and investors including Agassi and Graf announced plans to build new water park called Wet'n'Wild Las Vegas in Las Vegas. Village Roadshow has a 51% stake in the park while Agassi, Graf, and other private investors hold the remaining 49%. The park opened in May 2013. IMG managed Agassi from the", "title": "Andre Agassi" }, { "id": "8934362", "text": "Saved by the Bell: Wedding in Las Vegas Saved by the Bell: Wedding in Las Vegas is the series finale for \"\". It was presented as a two-hour television movie that originally aired on NBC in 1994. When aired in syndication, it is commonly split into two double-length episodes. TBS aired the episodes as four standard episodes, but because TBS aired a two-hour block of \"Saved by the Bell\" every weekday morning, all four episodes typically air consecutively. The hit Crosby, Stills & Nash song \"Live It Up\" was featured in the opening titles instead of the regular theme song", "title": "Saved by the Bell: Wedding in Las Vegas" }, { "id": "5147261", "text": "the United States Patent and Trademark Office had been listed as \"dead\" since 2005. Halloween Havoc Halloween Havoc was an annual professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW) from 1989 through 2000. Since the event was held in October, it had a Halloween themed show. The first four events were held when WCW was affiliated with the National Wrestling Alliance. The final five events were held in the Las Vegas suburb of Paradise, Nevada, at the MGM Grand Garden Arena. In 2015, all WCW pay-per-views were made available on the WWE Network. In 2018, Las Vegas", "title": "Halloween Havoc" }, { "id": "7086288", "text": "Cancer. May 30, 2015: SOS Fest Toronto (Summer of Soca Restival). July 4–5, 2016: SOR Fest, also known as the Summer of Reggie Festival, a two-day concert event. July 30–31, 2016: Caribana Weekend with events including Carnival Kingdom, Caribana's largest outdoor concert. August 1–2, 2016 Wild Water Kingdom announced that the water park would be going under a complete rebuild giving reason as to why they were not open for the 2016 season. Wet'n'Wild Toronto Wet'n'Wild Toronto (formerly known as \"Sunshine Beach\" and later Wild Water Kingdom) is a water park in Brampton, Ontario, Canada, a city in the Greater", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Toronto" }, { "id": "13333678", "text": "Wet'n'Wild Phoenix Wet'n'Wild Phoenix (formerly WaterWorld Safari) is a water park located in Phoenix, Arizona. The park is situated on approximately of land, making it the largest theme park in the state. It is located in North Phoenix at Adobe Dam Regional Park. It is one of seven water parks operating under the Wet'n'Wild brand globally. WaterWorld Safari originally opened on the site of Wet'n'Wild Phoenix. After Village Roadshow Limited invested over $30 million in the park on ownership, and new attractions, Wet'n'Wild Phoenix opened its doors to the public July 1, 2009. At opening the park had over 30", "title": "Wet'n'Wild Phoenix" }, { "id": "2577952", "text": "victims of a mass shooting at a concert held adjacent to the Strip. In 2005, Clark County renamed a section of Industrial Road (south of Twain Avenue) as Dean Martin Drive, also as a tribute to the famous Rat Pack singer, actor, and frequent Las Vegas entertainer. In an effort to attract families, resorts offered more attractions geared toward youth, but had limited success. The (current) MGM Grand opened in 1993 with MGM Grand Adventures Theme Park, but the park closed in 2000 due to lack of interest. Similarly, in 2003 Treasure Island closed its own video arcade and abandoned", "title": "Las Vegas Strip" }, { "id": "5527766", "text": "Las Vegas Thunder The Las Vegas Thunder was a professional ice hockey team competing in the International Hockey League. The team's home rink was at the Thomas & Mack Center. They began play in the 1993–1994 season, folding on April 18, 1999. The demise of the franchise was precipitated by the refusal of UNLV officials to negotiate with team owners regarding a new agreement to continue playing at the Thomas and Mack after the 1998-'99 season. Without a facility that was suitable even for temporary use, the Thunder were forced to shut down. The Thunder made a strong showing in", "title": "Las Vegas Thunder" }, { "id": "5745102", "text": "The gift shop and admission fees helped support the zoo. The zoological park exhibited over 150 species of plants and animals, including the last family of Barbary apes in the United States. Other animals displayed include: Southern Nevada Zoological-Botanical Park The Southern Nevada Zoological-Botanical Park, informally known as the Las Vegas Zoo, was a , nonprofit Zoological park and botanical garden located in Las Vegas, Nevada that closed in September 2013. It was located northwest of the Las Vegas Strip, about 15 minutes away. It focused primarily on the education of desert life and habitat protection. Its mission statement was", "title": "Southern Nevada Zoological-Botanical Park" }, { "id": "5558764", "text": "finished, and with the planned November 1996 release pushed back until March 1997 to finish the album, valuable tour rehearsal time was lost. This lack of preparation manifested itself in the shows, particularly during the poorly received opening night in Las Vegas. There was intense pressure for the band, especially with several journalists and celebrities in attendance. The band lost their timing on the song \"Staring at the Sun\", stopped playing partway through, and then started over. During \"Discotheque\", the crew filled the stage with too much dry-ice; the Edge could not see his guitar pedal in the midst of", "title": "PopMart Tour" }, { "id": "20935991", "text": "2018 Las Vegas Challenger The 2018 Las Vegas Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the revamped tournament which was the part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Las Vegas, United States between 22 and 28 October 2018. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following player received entry into the singles main draw as a special exempt: The following player received entry into the singles main draw as an alternate: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: The following players", "title": "2018 Las Vegas Challenger" } ]	when did wet n wild close las vegas
[ "Michael Jackson" ]	[ { "id": "5647166", "text": "Rock with You \"Rock with You\" is a song recorded by American singer Michael Jackson. It was written by Rod Temperton and produced by Quincy Jones. It was first offered to Karen Carpenter, while she was working on her first solo album, but she turned it down. It was released on November 3, 1979, by Epic Records as the second single from Jackson's fifth solo studio album \"Off the Wall\" (1979). It was also the third number-one hit of the 1980s, a decade whose pop singles chart would soon be dominated by Jackson. It reached number one on both the", "title": "Rock with You" }, { "id": "16776891", "text": "Rockin' with You \"Rockin' With You\" is a song by Epic Records recording artist Chris Rene. It appears on his debut EP, \"I'm Right Here\", and was released as the third official single from the EP. It was written by the Rene siblings: Chris, Gabriel and Gina, an co-written/produced by Claude Kelly and Chuck Harmony. Rene released a preview of the song on his Facebook page. The single was written by Chris Rene, his brother and sister Gabriel and Gina, X Factor vocal coach Claude Kelly and producer Charles \"Chuck Harmony\" Harmon, and recorded in early 2012. At the 2012", "title": "Rockin' with You" }, { "id": "5647167", "text": "US \"Billboard\" pop and R&B charts. On the former, \"Rock with You\" spent four consecutive weeks at number one starting January 19, 1980. According to \"Billboard\", the song was the fourth biggest single of 1980. It is also considered one of the last hits of the disco era. It was re-released as a single on February 27, 2006, as part of the \"\" box set. This song is written in the key of Eb minor. Meter is 4/4 at 114 bpm. AllMusic highlighted the song on the album itself. Robert Christgau called it a \"smooth ballad\". A music video was", "title": "Rock with You" }, { "id": "5647168", "text": "released for the song, using the shorter single version. It features Michael in a sparkly sequined suit singing the song with a bright laser behind him. The video was directed by Bruce Gowers. The music video was included on the video albums: \"Video Greatest Hits - HIStory\", \"Number Ones\" and \"Michael Jackson's Vision\". Michael first performed the song on the Jacksons' Destiny World Tour on the second leg. He performed the song on the Jacksons' Triumph Tour and Victory Tour. He performed the song on his solo tour the Bad World Tour. He also performed the song during the HIStory", "title": "Rock with You" }, { "id": "11328183", "text": "Rock On (song) \"Rock On\" is a song written by English singer David Essex. Originally recorded in 1973 and released as a single song by Essex, it became an international hit. In 1989, American actor and singer Michael Damian recorded a cover version that went to number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. The song has been recorded many times including a 2006 version by the English hard rock group Def Leppard. The song, written and recorded by David Essex, was released in August 1973 in the UK, and reached its highest position of number 3 in the UK", "title": "Rock On (song)" }, { "id": "6337586", "text": "Michael Jackson singles discography American singer Michael Jackson has released 72 singles (including eight as a featured artist). His first entry on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 was \"Got to Be There\" (1971), which peaked at number four. Jackson's first number-one hit was \"Ben\" (1972). Jackson continued to release singles through the 1970s. The album \"Off the Wall\" spawned five singles, including the chart-topping \"Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough\" (1979) and \"Rock with You\" (1979). Both are certified platinum by the Recording Industry of America (RIAA) sales in excess of 4 million and 2 million copies respectively. Jackson's first", "title": "Michael Jackson singles discography" }, { "id": "11516657", "text": "U\" is a pop, Euro disco, and house song. According to Jackson, it is reminiscent of \"Together Again\" or \"Throb\" from \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997) and \"janet.\" (1993), respectively. \"It's still classic me but with a different twist to it – a modern twist\", she said. Jim Farber from \"New York Daily News\" noted the song's riffs, which he considered greater when they first appeared in Madonna's 1985 song \"Into the Groove\". The song was compared to Jackson's brother Michael Jackson's \"Rock with You\" (1979), due to its disco themes. \"Rock with U\" also contains vocodered whispers and murmured vocals.", "title": "Rock with U" }, { "id": "2005983", "text": "cover of \"We Will Rock You\". It was the fourth single released from their second studio album, \"Invincible\" (1999). Released on 17 July 2000, the song features two members of Queen: Brian May on guitar and Roger Taylor on drums; however, they do not sing any vocals on the track. Freddie Mercury had died in November 1991, nearly a decade before this version's release, and John Deacon had retired from public life three years before its release. The song charted at number one on the UK Singles Chart, making it Five's second number-one single, and their ninth consecutive top-ten hit.", "title": "We Will Rock You" }, { "id": "11374999", "text": "his youth to the more complex sounds he would create as an adult. Songwriters for the album included Jackson, Rod Temperton, Stevie Wonder, and Paul McCartney. \"Off the Wall\" was the first solo album to generate four top 10 hits in the United States: \"Off the Wall\", \"She's Out of My Life\", and the chart-topping singles \"Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough\" and \"Rock with You\". The album reached number three on the \"Billboard\" 200 and eventually sold over 20 million copies worldwide. In 1980, Jackson won three awards at the American Music Awards for his solo efforts: Favorite Soul/R&B", "title": "Michael Jackson" }, { "id": "2271831", "text": "Joan Jett Joan Jett (born Joan Marie Larkin, September 22, 1958) is an American rock singer, songwriter, composer, musician, record producer and occasional actress. Jett is best known for her work as the frontwoman of her band, Joan Jett & the Blackhearts, and for earlier founding and performing with the Runaways, which recorded and released the hit song \"Cherry Bomb\". The Blackhearts' version of the song \"I Love Rock 'n Roll\" was number-one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for seven weeks in 1982. Jett's other notable hit songs include \"Bad Reputation\", \"Crimson and Clover\", \"Do You Wanna Touch Me (Oh", "title": "Joan Jett" }, { "id": "15883824", "text": "American Storm \"American Storm\" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Bob Seger. It was recorded with The Silver Bullet Band and released in March 1986 as the lead single from their album \"Like a Rock\". The single peaked at number 13 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and at number 2 on the US \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. In 1986, Seger told the \"New York Times\" that the song is about cocaine abuse. \"I wrote it after reading 'Wired,' Bob Woodward's biography of John Belushi. That was two and a half years ago, when there was a", "title": "American Storm" }, { "id": "20804974", "text": "I Like to Rock (song) \"I Like to Rock\" is a song written by Myles Goodwyn and recorded by Canadian hard rock band April Wine, appearing on the band's ninth studio album \"Harder ... Faster\" (1980), as the second single. The song contains a combination of Myles Goodwyn's familiar vocals, as well as the band's well known combination of hard rock and blues rock. The song was a moderate success when released in 1980, reaching #75 on the Canadian Hot 100, #86 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #41 on the UK Singles Chart; their highest peak in England. It", "title": "I Like to Rock (song)" }, { "id": "11516652", "text": "Rock with U \"Rock with U\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson from her tenth studio album, \"Discipline\" (2008). It was written by Ne-Yo, Jermaine Dupri, and Eric Stamile, and produced by the last two. The song was released as the album's second single on February 5, 2008, by Island Records. \"Rock with U\" is a pop, Euro disco, and house song that was recorded with the gay community in mind, as Jackson felt the necessity to do something for her gay fans, as well as the wider community members. \"Rock with U\" received positive reviews from music", "title": "Rock with U" }, { "id": "2005976", "text": "We Will Rock You \"We Will Rock You\" is a song written by Brian May and recorded by Queen for their 1977 album \"News of the World\". \"Rolling Stone\" ranked it number 330 of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\" in 2004, and it placed at number 146 on the Songs of the Century list in 2001. In 2009, \"We Will Rock You\" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Other than the last 30 seconds, which contains a guitar solo by May, the song is generally set in a cappella form, using only stomping and clapping as", "title": "We Will Rock You" }, { "id": "97799", "text": "their onstage costumes of typically male-considered jobs and ethnic minorities and achieved mainstream success with their 1978 hit song \"Macho Man\". Other songs include \"Y.M.C.A.\" (1979) and \"In the Navy\" (1979). The Jacksons (previously \"the Jackson 5\") did many disco songs from 1975 to 1980, including \"Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground)\" (1978), \"Blame it on the Boogie\" (1978), \"Lovely One\" (1980), and \"Can You Feel It\" (1980)—all sung by Michael Jackson, whose 1979 solo album, \"Off the Wall\", included several disco hits, including the album's title song, \"Rock with You\", \"Workin' Day and Night\", and his second chart-topping", "title": "Disco" }, { "id": "20804975", "text": "has gained substantial popularity internationally since the 1980s, becoming a mainstay of April Wine's setlist. The song is arguably the band's song signature song and has become a staple of classic rock and album-oriented rock radio stations in Canada and the United States. The song features lead vocalist Myles Goodwyn's well known vocals, similar to many of the group's other songs. It is also accompanied by a blues rock electric guitar and hard rock sounds. The final guitar solo in the song includes brief riffs from the songs \"Day Tripper\" by The Beatles and \"(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction\" by", "title": "I Like to Rock (song)" }, { "id": "14110138", "text": "Rock That Body \"Rock That Body\" is a song by The Black Eyed Peas from their fifth studio album \"The E.N.D\" (2009). The song serves as the fifth international single from the album, and was released in Australia on January 29, 2010, in the United Kingdom on March 15 and in the United States on May 11. The song peaked at number nine on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming the fifth top ten hit from the album. The line \"I wanna rock right now\", which is repeated several times in the song, is sampled from Rob Base and DJ", "title": "Rock That Body" }, { "id": "5647169", "text": "World Tour, as a part of the \"Off the Wall\" medley (Also featuring Off the Wall and Don't Stop Til' You Get Enough) in certain concerts. \"Rock with You\" was rehearsed for the Dangerous World Tour, but was not performed. Jackson also would have performed it for the This Is It concert series, but the shows were canceled, due to his sudden death. The song is also featured in the game \"\". Rock with You \"Rock with You\" is a song recorded by American singer Michael Jackson. It was written by Rod Temperton and produced by Quincy Jones. It was", "title": "Rock with You" }, { "id": "18076394", "text": "the 2,500-seat \"Pearl Concert Theatre\". For the September shows, Carey performed her debut single \"Obsessed\" from her current album \"Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel\" as well as the second single \"I Want to Know What Love Is\". Carey also debuted two other songs from \"Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel\", which were \"Angels Cry\" and \"Up Out My Face\". Carey and back-in singer–friend Trey Lorenz sang Michael Jackson's song \"Rock with You\" as a tribute to him. For the October shows, Carey changed the set list slightly. The first five songs stayed remained unchanged, however Always Be My Baby was removed", "title": "Live at the Pearl" }, { "id": "16115817", "text": "later announced via her website that it would be released on June 26, 2012 and would be self-titled. The lead single is \"Mean Girls,\" which Crow co-wrote with Toby Gad. Gad also produced the song. The four other songs are \"Rock With You\" featuring rapper Mann, \"Lemonade,\" \"My Kind of Wonderful\" and \"What A Song Can Do.\" She has also worked with producer Jonas Jeberg, who has worked with singers such as The Wanted. In his review of 'Mean Girls', The Re-View complimented Crow's \"intelligence and aspirations\" and finished his article saying of the singer: \"I don't doubt that her", "title": "Rachel Crow" }, { "id": "19849926", "text": "Rockin' (song) \"Rockin\" is a song by Canadian singer The Weeknd from his third studio album, \"Starboy\" (2016). The song was released to contemporary hit radio in France on May 9, 2017, as the album's fourth international single. The song was written by The Weeknd, Max Martin, Peter Svensson, Savan Kotecha, Ali Payami, and Canadian rapper Belly, and produced by Payami and Martin, with The Weeknd serving as a co-producer. The song is performed in the key of A minor with a tempo of 113 beats per minute. \"Rockin'\" peaked at number 44 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 despite", "title": "Rockin' (song)" }, { "id": "2005984", "text": "1990s 2000s 1990s 2000s 2010s We Will Rock You \"We Will Rock You\" is a song written by Brian May and recorded by Queen for their 1977 album \"News of the World\". \"Rolling Stone\" ranked it number 330 of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\" in 2004, and it placed at number 146 on the Songs of the Century list in 2001. In 2009, \"We Will Rock You\" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Other than the last 30 seconds, which contains a guitar solo by May, the song is generally set in a cappella form, using", "title": "We Will Rock You" }, { "id": "7810536", "text": "2001. Brad and Brett have also co-written singles for Dierks Bentley, Faith Hill, Tim McGraw, and Martina McBride. Brad and Brett Warren grew up in Tampa, Florida. They previously headlined local Christian heavy metal bands including a Christian rock heavy metal band called St. Warren. They moved from Florida to Nashville in 1995. The duo signed to BNA Records in 1997 and released its debut album, \"Beautiful Day in the Cold Cruel World\", in late 1998. This album produced three singles: \"Guilty,\" \"Better Man\", and \"She Wants to Rock,\" all of which charted within the Top 40 on the \"Billboard\"", "title": "The Warren Brothers" }, { "id": "14024380", "text": "I Wanna Rock (Snoop Dogg song) \"I Wanna Rock\" is the third official single from American rapper, Snoop Dogg's tenth studio album, \"Malice n Wonderland\". It was released digitally on iTunes on November 17, 2009, after the second single \"That's Tha Homie\". The song was produced by Scoop DeVille and mixed by Dr. Dre, and Snoop Dogg released it on a mixtape titled \"I Wanna Rock\" on November 23. The song was confirmed by BBC Radio 1 to be released in the UK on March 15, 2010 but is now listed as \"Coming Soon\". The lines \"Right about now\" and", "title": "I Wanna Rock (Snoop Dogg song)" }, { "id": "12389244", "text": "from the album, \"Rock with You\" was released, again it peaked atop the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. In February the album's title track was released as a single, and went to number 10 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and became a top 10 hit in four countries. \"She's Out of My Life\" was released after that, also reaching number 10 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in June. Thus \"Off the Wall\" became the first album by a solo artist to generate four US top 10 hits. Today, \"Off the Wall\" is certified 8× Multi-Platinum in the US for shipments", "title": "Off the Wall" }, { "id": "5659229", "text": "Wall\". It peaked at number ten on the Pop Singles Chart and at number five on the \"Billboard\" Soul Singles Chart. Jackson performed the song on The Jacksons' Destiny Tour's (1979) second leg, as well as the Triumph Tour (1981) and the Victory Tour (1984). He performed the song only on the first leg of his Bad Tour (1987), his first solo tour. During the HIStory World Tour (1995-96), the song was included on the \"Off the Wall\" medley (also featuring the songs \"Rock With You\" and \"Don't Stop 'Till You Get Enough\") on some concert playlists. A live performance", "title": "Off the Wall (Michael Jackson song)" }, { "id": "2295416", "text": "Mandy Moore Amanda Leigh \"Mandy\" Moore (born April 10, 1984) is an American singer-songwriter and actress. In 1999, Moore signed with Epic Records and came to fame with the release of her debut single \"Candy\", which peaked at number 41 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Her debut studio album, \"So Real\" (1999), went on to receive a platinum certification from the RIAA. The title single from her second studio album, \"I Wanna Be With You\" (2000), became Moore's first top 30 song in the U.S., peaking at number 24 on the Hot 100. As of 2009, \"Billboard\" reported that Moore", "title": "Mandy Moore" }, { "id": "5842051", "text": "Rod Temperton Rodney Lynn \"Rod\" Temperton (9 October 1949 – September/October 2016) was an English songwriter, record producer and musician. He initially made his mark as the keyboardist and main songwriter for the 1970s R&B, funk and disco band Heatwave, whose hit songs included \"Boogie Nights\" and \"Always and Forever\". After being recruited by producer Quincy Jones, he wrote several internationally known songs performed by Michael Jackson, including \"Thriller\", \"Off the Wall\" and \"Rock with You\". He also wrote George Benson's hits \"Give Me the Night\" and \"Love X Love\", and Patti Austin and James Ingram's US number one duet", "title": "Rod Temperton" }, { "id": "16776893", "text": "to feel it.\" Michele Amabile Angermiller of The Hollywood Reporter took a positive liking to the song, saying that it \"reveals a crisp, breezy sound that showcases Rene's honeyed vocals as well as his rapping skills and sweet romantic rhymes.\" Rene first performed the song live while embarking on his promotional tour. On August 12, 2012, Chris acoustically performed the televised debut of both \"Trouble\" and \"Rockin With You\" on VH1's Big Morning Buzz Live. Credits are taken from \"I'm Right Here\" liner notes. Rockin' with You \"Rockin' With You\" is a song by Epic Records recording artist Chris Rene.", "title": "Rockin' with You" }, { "id": "5673425", "text": "To Do\", featuring guest vocalist Patty Griffin, lead single \"I'd Rather Be with You\" and \"Brand New Day\". Tracks from the album were featured on TV shows such as \"Bones\", \"Scrubs\", \"House\", \"Grey's Anatomy\", \"One Tree Hill\", \"Life Unexpected\", \"90210\", \"Brothers and Sisters\", \"American Idol\" and Australian hit series \"Packed to the Rafters\" among others. Radin's \"Simple Times\" was released on Mom + Pop Music. Radin's third studio album, \"The Rock and The Tide\" was released on October 12, 2010 on Mom + Pop Music, his second release with the label. The album reached number five on the iTunes albums", "title": "Joshua Radin" }, { "id": "20804978", "text": "Canadian rock band Rush, in 1981. I Like to Rock (song) \"I Like to Rock\" is a song written by Myles Goodwyn and recorded by Canadian hard rock band April Wine, appearing on the band's ninth studio album \"Harder ... Faster\" (1980), as the second single. The song contains a combination of Myles Goodwyn's familiar vocals, as well as the band's well known combination of hard rock and blues rock. The song was a moderate success when released in 1980, reaching #75 on the Canadian Hot 100, #86 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #41 on the UK Singles Chart;", "title": "I Like to Rock (song)" }, { "id": "14024381", "text": "\"I wanna rock right now\" as well as the beat are sampled from Rob Base and DJ E-Z Rock's 1988 song \"It Takes Two.\" The main sample is from \"Space Dust\" by Galactic Force Band. The song features no production from Dr. Dre, but was mixed by him. The beat was produced by Scoop DeVille and was originally intended for Ryu from Styles of Beyond. The music video (directed by Erick Peyton) premiered on MTV Hits and MTV.com on November 26, 2009. It features Jamie Foxx, America's Best Dance Crew season 3 winners Quest Crew, Hip-Hop Group Far East Movement,", "title": "I Wanna Rock (Snoop Dogg song)" }, { "id": "8497213", "text": "Invincible (Five album) Invincible is the second studio album released by English boy band Five. The album was released in the United Kingdom by RCA Records on 8 November 1999, and was later released in the United States on 16 May 2000. Four singles were released from \"Invincible\", including the UK chart-toppers \"Keep on Movin'\" and \"We Will Rock You\". The album was executively produced by Simon Cowell and Richard \"Biff\" Stannard. The album reached number four on the UK Albums Chart, the lowest-charting original album by the band, although it went on to become their biggest seller in UK,", "title": "Invincible (Five album)" }, { "id": "13201677", "text": "Rock My Life (song) \"Rock My Life\" is a song by German recording artist Jeanette. The song was written by Frank Johnes, Bodybrain and Wonderbra, and produced by Johnes and Tom Remm for her third album \"Rock My Life\" (2002). It was released as the album's leading single on October 14, 2002 in German-speaking Europe. Her highest-peaking single to date, it reached number three in Germany and peaked at number six in Austria and Switzerland, respectively. \"Rock My Life\" was certified gold by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI). These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of \"Rock", "title": "Rock My Life (song)" }, { "id": "13384914", "text": "Let's Get Serious (song) \"Let's Get Serious\" is the title track from Jermaine Jackson's 1980 album \"Let's Get Serious\" on Motown Records, written by Lee Garrett and Stevie Wonder. The single was Jermaine's first #1 R&B hit and second Top 10 Pop hit, peaking at number nine in both \"Billboard\" and Cash Box. It also reached the top 10 in the UK peaking at #8. The recording was produced by Stevie Wonder, who also provided vocals for the track. It was Billboard's #1 Soul hit for the entire year of 1980, beating out brother Michael's platinum-certified mega-hit \"Rock with You\"", "title": "Let's Get Serious (song)" }, { "id": "14024382", "text": "professional skateboarder Terry Kennedy, Laurie Ann Gibson, and popular Jerkin' crew The Ranger$. The video takes place during an alley dance battle and Snoop rapping on top of a roof. The official remix features Jay-Z and is referred to as \"The Kings' G-Mix.\" The music video was released to YouTube through Snoop Dogg's official channel on March 25, 2010. The video has Jay-Z's vocals but he is not physically in the video Sometimes the Ludacris freestyle is added to the original or The Kings' G-Mix\" on the radio as the remix. It features a vocal sample of \"Microphone Fiend\" by", "title": "I Wanna Rock (Snoop Dogg song)" }, { "id": "20407329", "text": "Buddy Brock Buddy Brock is an American country music songwriter. His biggest hits to date are \"Watermelon Crawl,\" co-written with Zack Turner, which reached the #4 spot on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart and made the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 as a dance remix; and the 1992 song \"There Ain't Nothin' Wrong with the Radio,\" co-written and performed by Aaron Tippin, which held the number 1 position on the country chart for three consecutive weeks in April and May, 1992. Other songs written or co-written by Brock include \"I Wanna Fall in Love,\" a #3 country hit co-written with Mark", "title": "Buddy Brock" }, { "id": "5842370", "text": "Teddy Riley, Michael Jackson and Bernard Belle, and was produced by Riley and Jackson. It was recorded at Record One Studios. It was released as the second single from Michael Jackson's eighth studio album, \"Dangerous\", on January 14, 1992. \"Remember the Time\" is three minutes fifty nine seconds long. The song's music was compared to Jackson's 1979 single, \"Rock with You\" from his \"Off the Wall\" album. Co-writer Teddy Riley stated in a 1996 \"Los Angeles Times\" interview that he was inspired to write the song after hearing Jackson describe how he had fallen in love with his soon-to-be wife,", "title": "Remember the Time" }, { "id": "7492168", "text": "was played live in A major. A slightly shortened version of the song is also the first track on the internationally released \"High Voltage\" (May 1976). This version appears only on the vinyl release and the 2003 CD reissue. The full version of the song is also on the \"Volts\" CD of the \"Bonfire\" box set, released in 1997. This was a signature song for Bon Scott. Brian Johnson, who replaced Scott as AC/DC's lead vocalist after Scott's death in 1980 until his departure in 2016, did not perform it, out of respect for his predecessor. The song chronicles the", "title": "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" }, { "id": "11516664", "text": "Jackson with her. The video ends with people coming closer to Jackson. Jackson performed \"Rock With U\" on \"Good Morning America\", which aired in February 2008 on ABC. During the Rock Witchu Tour which happened on the same year, \"Rock With U\" was performed by Jackson right after \"All Nite (Don't Stop)\". A interlude of the song was used during her 2015-2016 Unbreakable World Tour. It also is included during the DJ intermission on the 2017–2018 State of the World Tour. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Discipline\". Rock with U \"Rock with U\" is a song by American", "title": "Rock with U" }, { "id": "4508079", "text": "Rock and Roll Music \"Rock and Roll Music\" is a 1957 hit single written and recorded by rock and roll star Chuck Berry. The song has been widely covered and is recognized as one of Berry's most popular and enduring compositions. In the fall of 1957, his recording reached number 6 on \"Billboard\" magazine's R&B Singles chart and number 8 on its Hot 100 chart. The song has been recorded by many well-known artists. The Beatles' 1964 recording topped singles charts in Europe and in Australia, and the Beach Boys had a U.S. top ten hit with the song in", "title": "Rock and Roll Music" }, { "id": "15883827", "text": "as an \"incredible\" effect. Maury Dean praised the song effusively, calling it \"one of the Top 38 Rock and Roll Songs of All Time.\" Dean praised Seger's \"vocal power\" as being comparable to the likes of Bruce Springsteen, Roy Orbison, Paul McCartney and Elvis Presley. The music video featured Lesley Ann Warren, James Woods, Randy Quaid and Scott Glenn. American Storm \"American Storm\" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Bob Seger. It was recorded with The Silver Bullet Band and released in March 1986 as the lead single from their album \"Like a Rock\". The single peaked at number", "title": "American Storm" }, { "id": "16179869", "text": "to be Jackson's \"Rock with You\", but there were problems clearing the rights, so \"I Want You Back\" was selected and filmed instead. Gustin and Rivera performed \"Smooth Criminal\" with on-screen musical guests 2Cellos, Luka Šulić and Stjepan Hauser, who became famous when their instrument-only two-cello cover of the piece received over three million views on YouTube in its first two weeks. The arrangement used for the performance is based on the 2Cellos version. The remaining six songs that are covered in the episode include \"I Just Can't Stop Loving You\", performed by Michele and Monteith; The Jackson 5's \"Never", "title": "Michael (Glee)" }, { "id": "20829637", "text": "Sicko Mode \"Sicko Mode\" is a song by American rapper Travis Scott. It was released by Epic Records on August 21, 2018, as the second single from Scott's third studio album, \"Astroworld\" (2018). The song features guest vocals by Drake, and additional vocals by Swae Lee and Big Hawk posthumously. It is Scott's first number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The song contains a sample from \"Gimme the Loot\", written by Christopher Wallace and Osten Harvey, as performed by The Notorious B.I.G. and an interpolation from \"I Wanna Rock\", written and performed by Luke. Writing for \"Rolling Stone\",", "title": "Sicko Mode" }, { "id": "7632720", "text": "Like a Rock (song) \"Like a Rock\" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Bob Seger. It was recorded with The Silver Bullet Band and released in May 1986 as the second single from their album \"Like a Rock\". The single peaked at #1 on the US \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks. Seger told the \"New York Times\" that the song \"was inspired partly by the end of a relationship I had that had lasted for 11 years. You wonder where all that time went. But beyond that, it expresses my feeling that the best years of your life are in", "title": "Like a Rock (song)" }, { "id": "11117488", "text": "a row to peak at number two in the UK. This was followed by their first UK number-one single, \"Keep on Movin'\". \"Don't Wanna Let You Go\" came next and peaked at nine in the UK. In March 2000, Five opened at the BRIT Awards with rock legends Queen, performing an updated version of that Queen's hit, \"We Will Rock You\" which was later released as a single and it became their second UK number one in July 2000. Third album \"Kingsize\" came in August 2001 and contained \"Let's Dance\", which became Five's third UK number-one single. The album later", "title": "Five discography" }, { "id": "1450815", "text": "in week one. In 2012, she performed the Michael Jackson song \"Rock with You\" for a special performance of the West End musical \"Thriller – Live\" for BBC Children in Need Pop Goes the Musical. In 2015, Gray was featured on the song \"Into the Deep\" by Galactic. In 2016, Gray was featured on the song “Leave Me Lonely” by Ariana Grande In 2018, Gray is featured alongside Dolly Parton on a re-recording of \"Two Doors Down\" for the Dumplin' soundtrack. Gray was married to Tracy Hinds, a mortgage broker, for about four years, but they divorced when her career", "title": "Macy Gray" }, { "id": "523636", "text": "Brian May Brian Harold May, (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and photographer. He is best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen. In 2001, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as one of the band's members; and in 2018, he received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award which recognises \"the most distinctive recordings in music history\". He uses a home-built electric guitar called the Red Special. His compositions for the band include \"We Will Rock You\", \"Tie Your Mother Down\", \"I Want It All\", \"Fat Bottomed Girls\", \"Flash\",", "title": "Brian May" }, { "id": "10344821", "text": "from G to B. Being the third Kid Rock single that entered \"Billboard\"'s Hot 100 chart, \"Picture\" remains his highest-charting single in the United States, peaking at number 4 in April 2003. The song also charted on the Hot Country Songs chart, peaking at number 21. Until 2008's \"All Summer Long\", it also marked his only Top 40 country hit. The song is also Sheryl Crow's second-most successful single in the United States, after her 1994 hit \"All I Wanna Do\" which reached number 2. On the Hot Country Songs chart, the song was credited only to Kid Rock and", "title": "Picture (song)" }, { "id": "1700750", "text": "album went platinum, selling over 1.5 million copies in the U.S. \"Chapter II\"'s first single, \"Rock wit U (Awww Baby)\", became a hit, peaking at number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Its video, which showed Ashanti in a bikini frolicking on a beach and riding an elephant, was nominated for two 2003 MTV Video Music Awards. A remix of the song contains interpolations of Michael Jackson's \"Rock with You\". The second single, \"Rain on Me\", reached the number-seven spot on the Hot 100 and number two on the Hot 100 R&B Songs chart. \"Chapter II\" was nominated for a", "title": "Ashanti (singer)" }, { "id": "3276665", "text": "and narrated a biographical film, \"The Color Orange\", on his favorite football player growing up, University of Tennessee quarterback and Canadian Football League hall-of-fame Condredge Holloway. The film was produced for ESPN's \"Year of the Quarterback\" series, and premiered on February 20, 2011. Chesney released his fourteenth studio album, \"Welcome to the Fishbowl\", on June 19, 2012. Its lead-off single, a Tim McGraw duet titled \"Feel Like a Rock Star\", debuted at number 13 on the country charts, making it the second-highest debuting country song since the \"Billboard\" charts were first tabulated via Nielsen SoundScan, and the highest-debuting duet on", "title": "Kenny Chesney" }, { "id": "20028736", "text": "Rock Me (Steppenwolf song) Rock Me is a rock song written by John Kay. It was the fifth American single release by the Canadian-American hard rock band Steppenwolf. The association with Grusin came as he was scoring the 1968 psychedelic sex farce movie \"Candy\", where it is the culmination to the soundtrack. The single, produced by Gabriel Mekler backed with \"Jupiter's Child\" was released in 1969, peaking at #10 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on April 19, 1969. It was Cashbox's top debut the week of March 1, 1969. The song is considered the highlight of the band's 1969 album", "title": "Rock Me (Steppenwolf song)" }, { "id": "14024383", "text": "Eric B. & Rakim in Snoop Doggs new verse. It is the 1st track on the album's re-release, entitled \"More Malice\". The 2nd official remix has surfaced known as the \"Interstate Trafficking Remix\", and it features Roscoe Dash on the chorus, Rick Ross, Maino, OJ da Juiceman and Yo Gotti. It is produced by DJ Green Lantern with a whole different beat and a new verse by Snoop Dogg. It was leaked on February 15, 2010. The 3rd official remix features Kardinal Offishall. It is known as the \"TO Remix\", and it has a new intro by Snoop Dogg. The", "title": "I Wanna Rock (Snoop Dogg song)" }, { "id": "6077165", "text": "I Wanna Rock \"I Wanna Rock\" is a song written and composed by Dee Snider and performed by his band Twisted Sister. It was released on the 1984 album \"Stay Hungry\". Like the earlier \"We're Not Gonna Take It\", the video features actor Mark Metcalf, best known as the abusive ROTC leader Douglas C. Neidermeyer from the movie \"National Lampoon's Animal House\". Here, he plays a teacher with a similar personality to Neidermeyer, who harasses a student for drawing the Twisted Sister logo on his notebook. He chastises the student by shouting \"What kind of a man desecrates a defenseless", "title": "I Wanna Rock" }, { "id": "11328189", "text": "1974 on the US \"Cashbox\" Top 100, the same week it was at number 11 on the \"Billboard\" charts. In addition, Haim, Feldman, and Meredith Salenger all appeared in Damian's music video for the song. This version was ranked number 99 on VH1's \"100 Greatest One Hit Wonders of the 80s\" (despite the fact that Damian actually had four \"Billboard\" charting singles during the 1980s). Rock On (song) \"Rock On\" is a song written by English singer David Essex. Originally recorded in 1973 and released as a single song by Essex, it became an international hit. In 1989, American actor", "title": "Rock On (song)" }, { "id": "3275237", "text": "reverted to the Shadows in late 1973, for the instrumental \"Rockin' with Curly Leads\" album. The Shadows came second for the United Kingdom in the 1975 Eurovision song contest. Marvin wrote \"Driftin'\", \"Geronimo\", \"Spider Juice\" (his daughter's name for orange juice), \"I Want You to Want Me\" for the Shadows, and \"The Day I Met Marie\". He co-wrote Richard's 1960 hit; 'Gee Whizz It's You' with Ian Samwell. With Welch, Brian Bennett, and John Rostill, he wrote hits for Cliff Richard, including; \"On the Beach\", \"I Could Easily Fall in Love with You\", \"Time Drags By\", and \"In the Country\".", "title": "Hank Marvin" }, { "id": "3958619", "text": "(in summer 2003) to pursue a solo career, and was replaced by Janna's husband, Greg Long. On February 24, 2004, Avalon released the studio album \"The Creed\". Three singles were released: lead single \"All\", which made it to No. 2 on the Adult Contemporary Christian Songs chart; \"You Were There\",\" a No. 2 Inspirational Charts hit, and \"I Wanna Be With You\", featuring Greg Long as the lead singer. Avalon's sixth studio album, \"Stand\", was released on January 24, 2006. Lead single \"Love Won't Leave You\" peaked in the Top 20 of both \"Billboard\" Hot Christian Songs and Hot Christian", "title": "Avalon (American group)" }, { "id": "3920884", "text": "Queen Rocks Queen Rocks is a compilation album by the British rock band Queen, released on 3 November 1997. The compilation is unique to the Queen catalogue, as it deliberately does not follow the standard \"greatest hits\" collection format and focuses on songs from Queen's heavier side. Some hits are present (\"We Will Rock You\", \"I Want It All\" and \"Fat Bottomed Girls\"), while other tracks included were never released as singles anywhere (\"Put Out the Fire\", \"Tear It Up\" and \"Sheer Heart Attack\"). The album also contains a remake of \"I Can't Live With You\", with a much louder", "title": "Queen Rocks" }, { "id": "4508085", "text": "the only overdub was for double-tracking Lennon's vocal. The Beach Boys' version is notable for the use of backing vocals which repeat the phrase \"Rock, roll, rockin' and roll.\" There is a difference between the LP version and the single version in that the LP version has more synthesizer. Their version reached number 5 on the US chart and number 11 in Canada during the summer of 1976. Rock and Roll Music \"Rock and Roll Music\" is a 1957 hit single written and recorded by rock and roll star Chuck Berry. The song has been widely covered and is recognized", "title": "Rock and Roll Music" }, { "id": "7077513", "text": "Latest Greatest Straitest Hits Latest Greatest Straitest Hits is the fourth compilation album by George Strait. It was released by MCA Records. The album represents his greatest hits since the release of his 1995 box set \"Strait Out of the Box\". The set contains two newly recorded tracks. \"The Best Day\" was released as a single and hit #1 on \"Billboard\"'s Hot Country Singles & Tracks. Although not a single, \"Murder on Music Row\" also charted in the Top 40 from unsolicited airplay. One notable omission from this collection is \"I Just Want to Dance with You\", a #1 hit", "title": "Latest Greatest Straitest Hits" }, { "id": "14421296", "text": "Beautiful Day in the Cold Cruel World Beautiful Day in the Cold Cruel World is the debut album of the American country music duo The Warren Brothers. It was released on October 27, 1998 via BNA Records. It includes the singles \"Guilty,\" \"Better Man\" and \"She Wants to Rock,\" all of which charted in the top 40 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts. Pemberton Roach of Allmusic rated the album four stars out of five, comparing its sound to that of \"slick, roots-influenced pop artists like Bruce Hornsby, Toad the Wet Sprocket and Glenn Frey\" and saying that such", "title": "Beautiful Day in the Cold Cruel World" }, { "id": "16598377", "text": "song. The four other songs are \"Rock with You\" featuring rapper Mann, \"Lemonade,\" \"My Kind of Wonderful\" and \"What a Song Can Do.\" She has also worked with producer Jonas Jeberg, who has worked with singers such as The Wanted. Rachel Crow (EP) Rachel Crow is the debut extended play (EP) by \"The X Factor\" season one finalist Rachel Crow. The EP was released on June 26, 2012 by Syco Music and Columbia Records, and it debuted on iTunes charts on number 71. Crow announced via Twitter that she would be releasing a five-song EP in June 2012, featuring one", "title": "Rachel Crow (EP)" }, { "id": "19423492", "text": "Johan Kim George Han Kim (born March 27, 1973), better known by his Korean name, Johan Kim (Korean: 김조한), is a Korean-American singer and record producer. He is a member of South Korean R&B/hip hop trio Solid. His song \"I Want To Fall In Love\" has become a mega-hit throughout the country of South Korea. He founded the girl group Unicorn. Kim was born in Atlanta, Georgia, and moved to Los Angeles in 1986. In 1993, he debuted as a member of Solid (), a South Korean R&B group that pioneered the genre in the 1990s with chart topping hits", "title": "Johan Kim" }, { "id": "9353191", "text": "closed its country division, Singletary signed to Shanachie Records. His first project for the label was a second album, 2007's \"Straight from the Heart\", which was also largely composed of cover songs. Its singles, \"I Still Sing This Way\" and \"Jesus & Bartenders\", both failed to chart. In 2009, Singletary returned to Koch under the label's new name of E1 Music. He released his next single, \"Love You With the Lights On\" in February. The single was the lead-off single to a new album, \"Rockin' in the Country\", released in June 2009. Singletary died at his home in Lebanon, Tennessee", "title": "Daryle Singletary" }, { "id": "522812", "text": "also helped to popularise the music video. The band's 1977 album \"News of the World\" contained \"We Will Rock You\" and \"We Are the Champions\", which have become anthems at sporting events. By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. \"Another One Bites the Dust\" (1980) became their best-selling single, while their 1981 compilation album \"Greatest Hits\" is the best-selling album in the UK and is certified eight times platinum in the US. Their performance at the 1985 Live Aid concert has been ranked among the greatest in rock history by various", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "id": "6552597", "text": "significant airplay on MTV and the song also features on the soundtrack to the film \"Center Stage\". The video shows a 16-year-old Mandy in a dance studio singing to her love interest, who was played by Sascha Radetsky from the movie. \"Candy\" was released as Moore's debut single on August 17, 1999. The song received generally favorable critical reviews, most of whom praised its composition. It performed only moderately well on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, peaking just outside the top 40, at #41. It entered the chart on #88 and reached its peak in its eighth week on the chart.", "title": "I Wanna Be with You (album)" }, { "id": "16675388", "text": "Side Story. After Multicyde, Silya began working with the Murlyn Music production house in Stockholm as a songwriter. Silya wrote the singles \"Kiss Your Mama!\" recorded by Australian artist Vanessa Amorosi and \"Masterplan\" recorded by Swiss artist Stefanie Heinzmann that both went gold in their respective countries. She also wrote the songs \"Sneakernight\" and \"Last Night\" on Vanessa Hudgens' album \"Identified\". Most recently, Silya's song \"Rock With You\" was recorded by Rachel Crow, who came in fifth place on the U.S. \"The X Factor\". Silya has worked with the likes of Cee Lo Green (Gnarls Barkley), Printz Board (Black Eyed", "title": "Silya" }, { "id": "13220632", "text": "Rock You Baby \"Rock You Baby\" is a song co-written recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released in January 2003 as the third single released from his 2003 album \"Unleashed\". The song peaked at number 13 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart in March 2003. Keith wrote this song with Scotty Emerick. The song's narrator is promising a lonely woman that he will love and comfort her. \"Rock You Baby\" debuted at number 55 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart for the week of January 18, 2003. The song peaked on the", "title": "Rock You Baby" }, { "id": "522884", "text": "At the 2011 Broadcast Music, Incorporated (BMI) Awards held in London on 4 October, Queen received the BMI Icon Award in recognition for their airplay success in the US. At the 2011 MTV Europe Music Awards on 6 November, Queen received the Global Icon Award, which Katy Perry presented to Brian May. Queen closed the awards ceremony, with Adam Lambert on vocals, performing \"The Show Must Go On\", \"We Will Rock You\" and \"We Are the Champions\". The collaboration garnered a positive response from both fans and critics, resulting in speculation about future projects together. On 25 and 26 April,", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "id": "3675606", "text": "rock broke through to mainstream popularity in the United States in January 1964 with the success of the Beatles. \"I Want to Hold Your Hand\" was the band's first number 1 hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, starting the British Invasion of the American music charts. The song entered the chart on January 18, 1964 at number 45 before it became the number 1 single for 7 weeks and went on to last a total of 15 weeks in the chart. Their first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show February 9 is considered a milestone in American pop culture.", "title": "American rock" }, { "id": "5202160", "text": "I Am a Rock \"I Am a Rock\" is a song written by Paul Simon. It was first performed by Simon alone as the opening track on his album \"The Paul Simon Songbook\" which he originally recorded and released in August 1965, only in the United Kingdom. Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel, as the American folk rock duo Simon and Garfunkel, re-recorded it on December 14, 1965, and included as the final track on their album \"Sounds of Silence\", which they released on January 17, 1966. The song was not included on Simon & Garfunkel's first album, \"Wednesday Morning, 3", "title": "I Am a Rock" }, { "id": "10503471", "text": "Loves Me Like a Rock \"Loves Me Like a Rock\" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon. It was the second single from his third studio album, \"There Goes Rhymin' Simon\" (1973), released on Columbia Records. It features background vocals from the Dixie Hummingbirds, a Southern black gospel group. Although the lyrics are not typically associated with gospel music, the Dixie Hummingbirds were eager to record the song with Simon, and they recorded their own version of the song soon afterward. The song peaked at number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100; it was also a top five", "title": "Loves Me Like a Rock" }, { "id": "2005977", "text": "a rhythmic body percussion beat. In 1977, \"We Will Rock You\" and \"We Are the Champions\" were issued together as a worldwide top 10 single. Soon after the album was released, many radio stations began playing the songs consecutively and without interruption. Since its release, \"We Will Rock You\" has been covered, remixed, sampled, parodied, referenced and used by multiple recording artists, TV shows, films and other media worldwide. It has also become a cliche at sports events around the world as a stadium anthem, mostly due to its simple rhythm. On 7 October 2017, Queen released a Raw Sessions", "title": "We Will Rock You" }, { "id": "17448887", "text": "At first Eric Johns quit the band and Billy Jones was his replacement as guitarist. Then Rod Temperton quit the band. Although Temperton would continue writing new songs for Heatwave, he soon became better-known for his songwriting for other artists, penning award-winning songs for some of funk's biggest names, including Rufus, The Brothers Johnson and George Benson. He also wrote for Herbie Hancock and Quincy Jones, but his most famous partnership remains the one forged with Michael Jackson, writing three songs for his 1979 Epic debut \"Off the Wall\" – \"Rock With You,\" \"Off the Wall\" and \"Burn This Disco", "title": "Heatwave (band)" }, { "id": "7632722", "text": "today. Like a Rock (song) \"Like a Rock\" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Bob Seger. It was recorded with The Silver Bullet Band and released in May 1986 as the second single from their album \"Like a Rock\". The single peaked at #1 on the US \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks. Seger told the \"New York Times\" that the song \"was inspired partly by the end of a relationship I had that had lasted for 11 years. You wonder where all that time went. But beyond that, it expresses my feeling that the best years of your life are", "title": "Like a Rock (song)" }, { "id": "14571197", "text": "was road tested in concert, played for the first time at the Alrosa Villa in Columbus, Ohio. Helix vocalist Brian Vollmer claims that he wrote a new verse for the song but was denied a co-writing credit. The track was produced by the band with Rodney Mills, who was brought in due to his earlier mixing work with 38 Special. A brand new acoustic studio version was recorded and released in 2010 on the band's \"Smash Hits...Unplugged!\" CD. This version was produced by Aaron Murray, Sean Kelly and Vollmer. The chorus of \"Rock You\" has lent itself to Vollmer's autobiography,", "title": "Rock You" }, { "id": "4259175", "text": "disadvantaged, she joined a local band with whom she performed until 1983. That year Wright started her own band. She performed with her own band until 1988. In 1985, while performing with her band, Wright signed a record deal with Savannah Records. The next year she released her debut single, \"I Want to Count on You\", which peaked at No. 48 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart. Wright's debut album, \"Do Right by Me\", was issued in 1988 and produced seven more singles, including Wright's cover of the 1974 Andy Kim hit, \"Rock Me Gently\", which reached No. 7", "title": "Michelle Wright" }, { "id": "9879342", "text": "is known in the industry—a condescending term—as a one-hit wonder. But sometimes, just sometimes, once in a while, a one-hit wonder can make a more powerful impact than a recording star who's got 20 or 30 hits behind him. And Billy's hit song was called \"Red Hot,\" and it was red hot. It could blast you out of your skull and make you feel happy about it. Change your life. Billy Lee Riley Billy Lee Riley (October 5, 1933 – August 2, 2009) was an American rockabilly musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer. His most memorable recordings include \"Rock With Me", "title": "Billy Lee Riley" }, { "id": "7924592", "text": "Report Top 20. It was an original song written by bass guitarist, Manzie. The group released their debut studio album \"Take It Greasy\", in May 1976 which peaked at No. 3 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart, eventually achieving triple platinum status and staying in the Top 50 charts for 39 weeks. Two more Top 20 hit singles, \"Looking for an Echo\" and \"(I Want a) Rockin' Christmas\", followed in 1976. Plummer left in January 1977 and was replaced on drums by Geoff \"Spud\" Peterkin (ex-Springwater). In January 1977, the band's released \"C'mon Let's Do It\" which reached", "title": "Ol' 55 (band)" }, { "id": "7217635", "text": "to Donovan's recent cover version. The B-side in each case was another live recording from the Diamond Dogs tour, \"Panic in Detroit\", originally from \"Aladdin Sane\" (1973). An edited version was issued on a US promotional single (RCA JB 10105) that same month. Like \"Rebel Rebel\", the lead single from \"Diamond Dogs\", \"Rock 'n' Roll With Me\" was conceived as part of a never-produced \"Ziggy Stardust\" musical in 1973. It has been described as \"one of Bowie's least self-conscious love songs\" and a foretaste of the R&B balladry on \"Young Americans\" (1975). On 27 July 2016, a remastered version of", "title": "Rock 'n' Roll with Me" }, { "id": "5842059", "text": "three songs for the album, including \"Rock with You\" which became the second US No. 1 single from the album. In the early 1980s Temperton left Germany and moved to Beverly Hills, California. In 1982, Temperton wrote three songs, including the title track, for Jackson's next LP, \"Thriller\", which became the biggest-selling album of all time. Temperton also wrote the spoken word section of the song for the actor Vincent Price. On coming up with the title \"Thriller\", Temperton once said: Temperton wrote successfully for other musicians, his hits including \"Stomp!\" for The Brothers Johnson, George Benson's \"Give Me the", "title": "Rod Temperton" }, { "id": "9061064", "text": "Rock Your Baby \"Rock Your Baby\" is the debut single by George McCrae. Written and produced by Harry Wayne Casey and Richard Finch of KC and the Sunshine Band, \"Rock Your Baby\" was one of the landmark recordings of early disco music. A massive international hit, the song reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 singles chart in the United States, spending two weeks at the top in July 1974, number one on the R&B singles chart, and repeating the feat on the UK Singles Chart, spending three weeks at the top of the chart in July 1974. Having", "title": "Rock Your Baby" }, { "id": "16485337", "text": "Bad to the Bone (Inner Circle album) Bad to the Bone is an album by the Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle. Two versions of the album (U.S. and international) were released in 1992, and a U.S. re-issue titled \"Bad Boys\" was released in 1993. The U.S. re-issue won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album. \"Bad to the Bone\" (international version) and \"Bad Boys\" contain the singles \"Sweat (A La La La La Long)\", \"Rock with You\", and \"Bad Boys\". The tracks \"Make U Sweat\", \"Shock Out (Hawaiian Style)\" and \"Bone Mix Ragga Style\" (a ragga remix of \"Bad to", "title": "Bad to the Bone (Inner Circle album)" }, { "id": "8313332", "text": "titled \"Hurricane 2001\" when played on the follow-up \"Acoustica\". A third re-recording by the band features on their album \"Comeblack\", released in 2011. The 2011 \"Comeblack\" re-recording was featured in 2014 in a commercial for Fiber One cookies and the 2015 horror comedy film \"Scouts Guide to the Zombie Apocalypse\". The song has been used in numerous shows and films, including \"The Good Guys\", \"Aqua Teen Hunger Force\", \"The Simpsons\",\" Hope & Faith\", \"Trailer Park Boys\", \"Jawbreaker\", \"Knocked Up\", \"Little Nicky\", \"The Cleveland Show\", \"Role Models,\" and \"Scorpion\". It is also frequently used in television commercials and other promos, including", "title": "Rock You Like a Hurricane" }, { "id": "2061621", "text": "the #1 Hot 100 hit \"Reunited\", Van McCoy (disco producer, #1 hit \"The Hustle\"), Toni Braxton, Ginuwine, Mýa, Dave Grohl (of Nirvana and the Foo Fighters), Vertical Horizon (#1 Hot 100 hit \"Everything You Want\" in 2000; Matt Scannell attended Georgetown University), Starland Vocal Band (#1 Hot 100 hit \"Afternoon Delight\"), Joan Jett (rock singer with #1 hit \"I Love Rock 'n' Roll\") and Nils Lofgren (guitarist for Bruce Springsteen, Ringo Starr, and Neil Young). Washington is also home to the Duke Ellington School of the Arts, founded in 1974 and part of the DC public school system. Some other", "title": "Music of Washington, D.C." }, { "id": "16451452", "text": "Tompkins wrote the song. Clawson told \"Taste of Country\" that Tompkins had begun the song with a bass guitar line, when the two observed that \"everybody wants to feel like a rock star.\" Rating it four-and-a-half stars out of five, Billy Dukes of \"Taste of Country\" favorably compared it to \"Young\" and \"Big Star\". The song debuted at number 13 on the Hot Country Songs chart for the week of April 21, 2012. It is Chesney's highest-debuting single, the previous record-holder being \"Don't Blink\", which debuted at number 16. It is also the second highest-debuting single since January 1990, when", "title": "Feel Like a Rock Star" }, { "id": "10589958", "text": "Rocks (song) \"Rocks\" is a song by British group Primal Scream, taken from their fourth album, \"Give Out But Don't Give Up\". The song was released as a single in 1994 and reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart, acting as a double A-side with another of the band's songs, \"Funky Jam\". Together they were the highest-charting Primal Scream single until \"Country Girl\" in 2006. In 2018 the song received a Silver certification from the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI) for sales exceeding 200,000 copies. This song was the first indication of Primal Scream's change of musical style, when", "title": "Rocks (song)" }, { "id": "13530123", "text": "Glenn Desjardine Nov.1999-Nov.2001, who was in turn was replaced by Riq Turner in Nov. Riq departed in 2014, replaced by Kris Lafontaine. Layton departed in October 2005, replaced by Jim Wright. Wright left the band in October 2011, to be replaced by Tom VanCoughnett. VanCoughnett departed in 2015, Dan Killen joined the band as a touring/session member until 2016, replaced by Danny Derue. In 2006, the band released a studio album entitled \"I Wanna Go Home With You\". This album included singles such as \"This Could Be The Night\", \"Too Hot For Words\" and \"Anything To Rock You\". With the", "title": "Ambush (band)" }, { "id": "19006279", "text": "Dutty Rock Dutty Rock (West Indian patois for \"dirty rock\") is the second studio album by Jamaican reggae/dancehall artist Sean Paul. It was released on 12 November 2002. It features two U.S. number-one singles, \"Get Busy\" and Beyoncé's \"Baby Boy\" (which Sean Paul features on). It also features singles \"Gimme the Light\", \"Like Glue\" and \"I'm Still in Love with You\", which all charted in the top 6 on the UK Singles Chart. The album itself reached #2 on the UK Albums Chart, and #9 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 Albums Chart. It is also his first album to have", "title": "Dutty Rock" }, { "id": "14421297", "text": "a sound \"avoid[s] any trace of Nashville clichés in favor of honest, straightforward lyrics and energetic, polished playing.\" Compiled from liner notes. Beautiful Day in the Cold Cruel World Beautiful Day in the Cold Cruel World is the debut album of the American country music duo The Warren Brothers. It was released on October 27, 1998 via BNA Records. It includes the singles \"Guilty,\" \"Better Man\" and \"She Wants to Rock,\" all of which charted in the top 40 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts. Pemberton Roach of Allmusic rated the album four stars out of five, comparing its", "title": "Beautiful Day in the Cold Cruel World" }, { "id": "15144376", "text": "Scoop DeVille Elijah Blue Molina (born October 15, 1987), better known by his stage name Scoop DeVille, is a Mexican American record producer, rapper and DJ. DeVille has produced records for several prominent rappers, such as Snoop Dogg, Kendrick Lamar, 50 Cent, Busta Rhymes and Fat Joe, among several others. He is perhaps best known for producing rapper Snoop Dogg's \"I Wanna Rock\", as well as Kendrick Lamar's \"Poetic Justice\", both of which charted in the top 50 of the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. Molina was born in Los Angeles, and is the son of Latino hip-hop pioneer Kid", "title": "Scoop DeVille" }, { "id": "11516659", "text": "Picking the song as one of the album's best tracks, Andy Kellman of AllMusic named it \"an irresistible, grade-A dancefloor track\", calling it \"swift and swooning.\" Bryan Borzykowski of \"Now\" called it a \"bouncy house track\", while Nick Levine from Digital Spy called it \"cosmic, sleek, catchy and bracingly modern\", writing that \"it wouldn't disgrace itself as a Kylie [Minogue] single.\" Dan Gennoe of Yahoo! Music was extremely positive, writing that the song marries Jackson's sweet and stomping side for an 1980s influenced song, which we called both genuinely exciting and \"sounds 100 per cent like Janet Jackson\". Ann Powers", "title": "Rock with U" }, { "id": "6572102", "text": "Wonder. The song received generally positive reviews, with music critics noting it as a stand-out track, while complimenting its musical elements. \"Rock Your Body\" topped the Australian Singles Chart. It peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart and became the third single from \"Justified\" to do so, following \"Like I Love You\" and \"Cry Me a River\". It also charted at number five on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for sales of 500,000 and 400,000 copies, respectively. The accompanying", "title": "Rock Your Body" }, { "id": "14407857", "text": "artist manager, lecturer and mentor. Ed Baden-Powell is consistently ranked as one of the entertainment industry's top international lawyers by Chambers UK, who profile him as 'the \"extremely intelligent\" and \"very astute\" prolific entertainment practitioner, advising clients in the music and digital media sectors on a variety of issues.' D'Influence also had several UK hit singles of their own during their first run of the 1990s. These included Top 40 successes with \"Hypnotise\" (1997, UK #33) and \"Rock With You\" (1998, UK #30). While the band has a loyal following, one mystery remains over its billing. Even its most dedicated", "title": "D'Influence" }, { "id": "899085", "text": "its first week, making it his lowest charting album. His third single, \"I Wanna Rock\", peaked at No.41 on the Billboard Hot 100. The fourth single from \"Malice n Wonderland\", titled \"Pronto\", featuring Soulja Boy Tell 'Em, was released on iTunes on December 1, 2009. Snoop re-released the album under the name \"More Malice\". Snoop collaborated with Katy Perry on \"California Gurls\", the first single from her album \"Teenage Dream\", which was released on May 11, 2010. Snoop can also be heard on the track \"Flashing\" by Dr. Dre and on Curren$y's song \"Seat Change\". He was also featured on", "title": "Snoop Dogg" }, { "id": "10895955", "text": "Rock'n Me \"Rock'n Me\" (also known as \"Rock 'N Me\") is a song by American rock group Steve Miller Band, written by the group's leader Steve Miller. The song was released as the second single from the group's ninth studio album \"Fly Like an Eagle\" in 1976; Miller also produced the song and album as well as performed on it. The North American release of the single was generally credited to Steve Miller as a person, while the European release was generally credited to the Steve Miller Band as a whole group. The single achieved lasting commercial and critical success,", "title": "Rock'n Me" }, { "id": "4626743", "text": "and Black Country Communion drummer Jason Bonham (the son of the late John Bonham, drummer for Led Zeppelin). Myles Kennedy, who was at the time the lead vocalist of The Mayfield Four and now the frontman of Alter Bridge and Slash's solo project, makes a cameo appearance. The singing voice for Wahlberg's character was provided by Steelheart frontman Miljenko Matijevic for the Steel Dragon Songs, and the final number was dubbed by Brian Vander Ark. Jeff Scott Soto (of Talisman, Yngwie Malmsteen, Soul SirkUS, and Journey) provided the voice of the singer Wahlberg's character replaces. Kennedy is the only actor", "title": "Rock Star (2001 film)" }, { "id": "18227146", "text": "On the Rocks (song) \"On the Rocks\" is a song recorded by American singer Nicole Scherzinger for her second studio album \"Big Fat Lie\" (2014). It was written by Terius \"The-Dream\" Nash, C. \"Tricky\" Stewart and Carlos \"Los da Mystro\" McKinney, while the song was produced by Godz of Analog, Stewart, Nash and McKinney, with vocal production from Bart Schoudel. The song was released on October 10, 2014 by RCA Records as the third single from the record. \"On the Rocks\" is an R&B ballad where the singer laments and gets over about a failed relationship by pouring up a", "title": "On the Rocks (song)" }, { "id": "10589960", "text": "song was featured in the 1994 comedy film \"Airheads\". All tracks written by Bobby Gillespie, Andrew Innes, Robert Young. \"UK 7\" and cassette\" (Creation) \"US 7\"\" (Sire) \"UK 12\" and CD\" (Creation) Rocks (song) \"Rocks\" is a song by British group Primal Scream, taken from their fourth album, \"Give Out But Don't Give Up\". The song was released as a single in 1994 and reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart, acting as a double A-side with another of the band's songs, \"Funky Jam\". Together they were the highest-charting Primal Scream single until \"Country Girl\" in 2006. In 2018", "title": "Rocks (song)" }, { "id": "9597389", "text": "final single released under the Pony Canyon sub-label Flight Master, whereas the group would move to the main label. On July 28, 2010, their 17th single \"Speed Star\" was released. Their 18th single, \"Hurricane,\" was released on August 10, 2011. In 2012, the group began releasing two singles a year, along with the annual \"Upturn\" tours. Every single peaked in the top five on Oricon as the group's popularity and notoriety increased throughout the country. On March 14, 2012, the group released their highest-ranking, \"Wanna Be With You.\" It peaked at #3 on Oricon, which they would not surpass until", "title": "Lead (band)" } ]	who sings i want to rock with you
[ "Formula Rossa" ]	[ { "id": "8094250", "text": "V2: Vertical Velocity Vertical Velocity is a steel Inverted Impulse roller coaster located at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom in Vallejo, California. It is California's first and only Spiraling Impulse Coaster, built by Intamin and opened in 2001. It stands and reaches speeds of up to . The ride is tied with Medusa and in the same park for tallest roller coaster in Northern California. The roller coaster’s track is essentially a large vertical U shape that is loaded at the base and uses a series of LIMs to accelerate the train up each side of the track. One side of", "title": "V2: Vertical Velocity" }, { "id": "3851289", "text": "Incredicoaster Incredicoaster is a steel roller coaster located at Disney California Adventure in Anaheim, California. Manufactured by Intamin, the ride opened to the public as California Screamin' on February 8, 2001. It is the only roller coaster at the Disneyland Resort with an inversion, and it's the fastest at the park with a top speed of . California Screamin' closed in early 2018 and reopened as Incredicoaster, inspired by the 2004 computer-animated film \"The Incredibles\" and its 2018 sequel \"Incredibles 2,\" on June 23, 2018. Its opening coincided with the debut of the newly-revamped Pixar Pier section of the park,", "title": "Incredicoaster" }, { "id": "3851299", "text": "minutes before being rescued when a fallen purse triggered an automatic stop. Incredicoaster Incredicoaster is a steel roller coaster located at Disney California Adventure in Anaheim, California. Manufactured by Intamin, the ride opened to the public as California Screamin' on February 8, 2001. It is the only roller coaster at the Disneyland Resort with an inversion, and it's the fastest at the park with a top speed of . California Screamin' closed in early 2018 and reopened as Incredicoaster, inspired by the 2004 computer-animated film \"The Incredibles\" and its 2018 sequel \"Incredibles 2,\" on June 23, 2018. Its opening coincided", "title": "Incredicoaster" }, { "id": "8413337", "text": "Jack Rabbit (Seabreeze) Jack Rabbit is an \"out and back\" wooden roller coaster located at Seabreeze Amusement Park in Irondequoit, New York. At its opening in 1920, it was the fastest roller coaster in the world. The Giant Dipper in Santa Cruz, California, superseded it in 1924. Jack Rabbit is the fourth oldest operating roller coaster in the world and the second oldest in the USA. The oldest, Leap-The-Dips in Altoona, Pennsylvania, was closed from 1985 to 1999, making Jack Rabbit the oldest \"continuously operating\" coaster in the country. Jack Rabbit has been described as a hard ride to learn", "title": "Jack Rabbit (Seabreeze)" }, { "id": "8094253", "text": "removed for refurbishment. V2: Vertical Velocity Vertical Velocity is a steel Inverted Impulse roller coaster located at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom in Vallejo, California. It is California's first and only Spiraling Impulse Coaster, built by Intamin and opened in 2001. It stands and reaches speeds of up to . The ride is tied with Medusa and in the same park for tallest roller coaster in Northern California. The roller coaster’s track is essentially a large vertical U shape that is loaded at the base and uses a series of LIMs to accelerate the train up each side of the track.", "title": "V2: Vertical Velocity" }, { "id": "8413338", "text": "to operate; there are several brake levers, and it takes a while to learn the proper timing and sequence to accurately stop the train at the platform. Jack Rabbit (Seabreeze) Jack Rabbit is an \"out and back\" wooden roller coaster located at Seabreeze Amusement Park in Irondequoit, New York. At its opening in 1920, it was the fastest roller coaster in the world. The Giant Dipper in Santa Cruz, California, superseded it in 1924. Jack Rabbit is the fourth oldest operating roller coaster in the world and the second oldest in the USA. The oldest, Leap-The-Dips in Altoona, Pennsylvania, was", "title": "Jack Rabbit (Seabreeze)" }, { "id": "16465827", "text": "being approximately . Gold Striker Gold Striker is a wooden roller coaster located at California's Great America amusement park. Built by Great Coasters International and designed by Jeff Pike, Gold Striker was the park's eighth roller coaster which opened to the public on May 31, 2013. Its tunnel is the longest in the world to be featured on the first drop, and it was marketed as the \"tallest and fastest wooden coaster in Northern California\". The roller coaster takes on the theme of the Old West and references the California Gold Rush of the 19th century. Originally, California's Great America", "title": "Gold Striker" }, { "id": "16465822", "text": "Gold Striker Gold Striker is a wooden roller coaster located at California's Great America amusement park. Built by Great Coasters International and designed by Jeff Pike, Gold Striker was the park's eighth roller coaster which opened to the public on May 31, 2013. Its tunnel is the longest in the world to be featured on the first drop, and it was marketed as the \"tallest and fastest wooden coaster in Northern California\". The roller coaster takes on the theme of the Old West and references the California Gold Rush of the 19th century. Originally, California's Great America planned to build", "title": "Gold Striker" }, { "id": "7659211", "text": "Ninja (Six Flags Magic Mountain) Ninja is an Arrow Dynamics steel suspended roller coaster located at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. It is the fastest roller coaster of its kind in the world, joint with Vortex at Canada's Wonderland, both with top speeds of 55 mph (89 km/h). The coaster is located in the Samurai Summit area of Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. Ninja opened in 1988 as the fifth of the ten original Arrow suspended coasters. It is somewhat unusual in that it uses two lift hills — one at the beginning of the ride", "title": "Ninja (Six Flags Magic Mountain)" }, { "id": "7659208", "text": "Ninja (Six Flags Magic Mountain) Ninja is an Arrow Dynamics steel suspended roller coaster located at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. It is the fastest roller coaster of its kind in the world, joint with Vortex at Canada's Wonderland, both with top speeds of 55 mph (89 km/h). The coaster is located in the Samurai Summit area of Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. Ninja opened in 1988 as the fifth of the ten original Arrow suspended coasters. It is somewhat unusual in that it uses two lift hills — one at the beginning of the ride", "title": "Ninja (Six Flags Magic Mountain)" }, { "id": "7584167", "text": "Xcelerator Xcelerator is a steel launched roller coaster at Knott's Berry Farm in Buena Park, California. It was Intamin's first hydraulically launched coaster, while also the fourth Intamin installation at Knott's, alongside The Sky Cabin, Bigfoot Rapids, and Perilous Plunge (removed in 2012). Xcelerator was standing but not operating from July 2017 but the coaster finally reopened on March 24, 2018. Xcelerator's powerful hydraulic catapult motor accelerates the train from 0 to in 2.3 seconds (about 1.62 g). It only uses of track to launch the train. The twin hydraulic catapult motor achieves a maximum of each while accelerating the", "title": "Xcelerator" }, { "id": "20300748", "text": "RailBlazer RailBlazer is a steel roller coaster at California's Great America in Santa Clara, California. Manufactured by Rocky Mountain Construction, the single-rail roller coaster, opened in 2018, is one of only two of its kind in the world, along with Wonder Woman Golden Lasso Coaster at Six Flags Fiesta Texas. It is the park's ninth roller coaster and features a 90-degree drop, three inversions, and an off-roading adventure theme. California's Great America announced RailBlazer on August 16, 2017, and accompanied it with an official groundbreaking ceremony. On the same day, the park released a simulated POV of the roller coaster.", "title": "RailBlazer" }, { "id": "3851291", "text": "as well as on the main lift midway through the ride. These motors replaced the traditional lift hill chain. This coaster is one of Disney Parks fastest attractions, accelerating guests from zero to in four seconds at the launch. The ride's launch system uses linear induction motors. Like most other coasters in Disney Parks, California Screamin' played a soundtrack during the ride, created by Gary Hoey and George Wilkins. On January 3, 2007, the standard onboard audio track for California Screamin' was temporarily replaced with a remixed version of the Red Hot Chili Peppers' \"Around the World,\" and the attraction", "title": "Incredicoaster" }, { "id": "6545487", "text": "Buffalo Bill's Buffalo Bill's is a hotel and casino in Primm, Nevada, United States, at the California state line. It is one of the Primm Valley Resorts, owned and operated by Affinity Gaming. It has 1,242 guest rooms and suites. The hotel is home to the Desperado roller coaster, one of the tallest (225 foot drop) and fastest (80 mph) roller coasters in the world, as well as a pool in the shape of a buffalo. The hotel-casino has two hotel room towers: the Annie Oakley Tower (the A Tower) and the Buffalo Bill Tower (B Tower). The casino has", "title": "Buffalo Bill's" }, { "id": "9540477", "text": "two corkscrews. Medusa is one of the park's most popular rides. With the addition of Medusa, the park also received the Cobra family coaster and built a new parking lot south of the park. The park received its fifth major roller coaster in 2001, . Built by Intamin, the ride was the first \"Spiraling Impulse Coaster\" on the West Coast and took the record for being the tallest and fastest coaster in Northern California. The ride was plagued with technical issues when it opened, which resulted in extensive down time. The park also eventually turned off the LIM motor on", "title": "Six Flags Discovery Kingdom" }, { "id": "6925685", "text": "Giant Dipper The Giant Dipper is a historic wooden roller coaster located at the Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk, an amusement park in Santa Cruz, California. It took 47 days to build at a cost of $50,000. It opened on May 17, 1924, and replaced the Thompson's Scenic Railway. With a height of and a speed of , it is one of the most popular wooden roller coasters in the world. As of 2012, over 60 million people have ridden the Giant Dipper since its opening. The ride has received several awards such as being named a National Historic Landmark, a", "title": "Giant Dipper" }, { "id": "4254122", "text": "California High-Speed Rail California High-Speed Rail (abbreviated CAHSR or CHSR) is a high-speed rail system under construction in the U.S. state of California. It is projected to connect the Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center in Anaheim and Union Station in Downtown Los Angeles with the Salesforce Transit Center in San Francisco via the Central Valley, providing a one-seat ride between Union Station and San Francisco in 2 hours and 40 minutes. Future extensions are planned to connect to stations to San Diego County via the Inland Empire, and to Sacramento. CAHSR plans to operate on dedicated, grade-separated tracks for the", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "7584178", "text": "been built as well, such as Rita at Alton Towers. Xcelerator Xcelerator is a steel launched roller coaster at Knott's Berry Farm in Buena Park, California. It was Intamin's first hydraulically launched coaster, while also the fourth Intamin installation at Knott's, alongside The Sky Cabin, Bigfoot Rapids, and Perilous Plunge (removed in 2012). Xcelerator was standing but not operating from July 2017 but the coaster finally reopened on March 24, 2018. Xcelerator's powerful hydraulic catapult motor accelerates the train from 0 to in 2.3 seconds (about 1.62 g). It only uses of track to launch the train. The twin hydraulic", "title": "Xcelerator" }, { "id": "5545496", "text": "Superman: Escape from Krypton Superman: Escape from Krypton (originally known as Superman: The Escape) is a steel shuttle roller coaster located at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. When it opened in 1997, it was the tallest roller coaster in the world, and its speed of was tied for the fastest with Tower of Terror II, a similar roller coaster which opened two months earlier at Dreamworld in Australia. These two coasters were the first to utilize Linear Synchronous Motor (LSM) technology to propel vehicles to top speed. The park originally intended to open the ride in 1996, but", "title": "Superman: Escape from Krypton" }, { "id": "4254152", "text": "/ $1055.6 million 2029 (Phase 1 initial): 28.4 million riders / $1350.4 million 2040 (Phase 1 mature): 33.1 million riders / $1559.4 million The project's cost and scope have long been a source of controversy. The Authority has estimated the project's year-of-expenditure cost at $68.4 billion (2012 estimate).. In March 2018, the Authority revised its estimate to $77.3 billion and up to $98.1 billion, and pushed initial service to 2029, with L.A. to S.F. service in 2033. The Reason Foundation's \"Due Diligence Report\" (2008) projected that the final cost for the complete system (including both Phases I, II and an", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "16465823", "text": "Gold Striker for the 2009 season, but issues led to the project's cancellation. The project continued in 2012 when a permit was requested and approved to construct the roller coaster in the northern half of the park. Construction began in May 2012, and the first pieces of lumber were delivered the following month in early June. On July 25, 2012, Cedar Fair Entertainment Company filed a trademark for the name \"Gold Striker\". Gold Striker was officially announced on August 29, 2012 as being the tallest and fastest wooden roller coaster in Northern California. Representatives of the San Francisco 49ers were", "title": "Gold Striker" }, { "id": "6545490", "text": "free single-car tram across the I-15 to Whiskey Pete's, although the connection takes a walk across the entire hotel. Buffalo Bill's Buffalo Bill's is a hotel and casino in Primm, Nevada, United States, at the California state line. It is one of the Primm Valley Resorts, owned and operated by Affinity Gaming. It has 1,242 guest rooms and suites. The hotel is home to the Desperado roller coaster, one of the tallest (225 foot drop) and fastest (80 mph) roller coasters in the world, as well as a pool in the shape of a buffalo. The hotel-casino has two hotel", "title": "Buffalo Bill's" }, { "id": "20301184", "text": "HangTime (roller coaster) HangTime is a steel roller coaster at Knott's Berry Farm in Buena Park, California. The Infinity Coaster is manufactured by Gerstlauer on the former site of Boomerang and Riptide. It is the first and only roller coaster on the West Coast to feature a drop greater than 90°. It opened on May 18, 2018. After leaving the station you ascend a 150-foot vertical lift. After the lift you are halted before dropping into the 96° drop. The ride reaches speeds of up to 57 miles per hour (92 kilometres per hour), and includes a total of 5", "title": "HangTime (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "4254124", "text": "by voters in 2008 and included a $9-billion bond to begin construction on the initial leg of the network. Construction began in 2015 after a groundbreaking ceremony in Fresno. The ARRA funding agreement, which CAHSR intends to utilize to build the Central Valley segment, specifies a completion date of December 31, 2022, however the 2018 draft Business Plan calls for opening the initial operating segment between San Jose Diridon Station and Bakersfield in 2027. The complete first phase between San Francisco and Anaheim is expected in 2033. Phase 2 extensions to Sacramento and San Diego are still in the planning", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "20300750", "text": "coaster is themed to California State Route 1. It is meant to reflect an off-road adventure around the San Francisco Bay Area and California central coast. Multiple large rocks surround the ride, as well as a pool of water, which the queue interacts with. The trains are also built to resemble all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) with handlebars, grille, headlights and bumper. RailBlazer RailBlazer is a steel roller coaster at California's Great America in Santa Clara, California. Manufactured by Rocky Mountain Construction, the single-rail roller coaster, opened in 2018, is one of only two of its kind in the world, along with", "title": "RailBlazer" }, { "id": "7659270", "text": "three of Wonder Woman. The coaster is also featured in the 1979 film \"Van Nuys Blvd\". The coaster was also featured in the 1983 movie \"National Lampoon's Vacation\" as the Whipper Snapper. The New Revolution (roller coaster) The New Revolution (formerly known as Revolution, Great American Revolution, and La Revolución) is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. Manufactured by Anton Schwarzkopf and designed by Werner Stengel, the roller coaster opened to the public on May 8, 1976. The New Revolution is the world's first modern roller coaster to feature a vertical loop and", "title": "The New Revolution (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "10350051", "text": "Air time (rides) In the context of amusement rides, air time, or airtime, refers to the time during which riders of a roller coaster or other ride experience either weightlessness or negative G-forces. With roller coasters, air time is usually achieved when the train travels over a hill at speed. In 2001 the Guinness World Records recorded , located at Six Flags Magic Mountain, Valencia, California, USA, as the fastest roller coaster in the world, where riders experienced a then record 6.5 seconds of 'airtime' or negative G-force. Hypercoasters, such as Magnum XL-200 at Cedar Point, Behemoth at Canada's Wonderland,", "title": "Air time (rides)" }, { "id": "1009767", "text": "National Orchestra; Dave Koz; Robert Cray; Michael McDonald[7]; The Doobie Brothers; Los Lonely Boys[8]; Earth, Wind & Fire; Gretchen Wilson; John Michael; Montgomery; Lynyrd Skynyrd; UB40; Vince Gill; Amy Grant; Randy Travis; Bryan Adams; George Thorogood; Peter Frampton; B. B. King; Boz Skaggs; Huey Lewis and the News; Steely Dan; ZZ Top; Chris Isaak; Bonnie Raitt; The Moody Blues; Alan Jackson; Crosby, Stills & Nash; Chicago; Sugarland; Faith Hill; REO Speedwagon; Heart; Kansas; Pat Benatar; Joan Jett & the Blackhearts; Al Green; Bob Weir; and many others.[9] In the state legislature, Murphys is in , and . Federally, Murphys is", "title": "Murphys, California" }, { "id": "5314094", "text": "Great American Scream Machine (Six Flags Great Adventure) Great American Scream Machine was a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Great Adventure. The 173-foot (53 m) tall ride was built in 1989 as the fastest looping roller coaster in the world, reaching speeds up to 68 mph (109 km/h). It was designed by Ron Toomer and built by Arrow Dynamics, which built its sister coasters Shockwave (dismantled in 2002) at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois and Viper at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. All three coasters have three loops after the lift hill, a \"batwing\"", "title": "Great American Scream Machine (Six Flags Great Adventure)" }, { "id": "5545508", "text": "world. Superman: Escape from Krypton Superman: Escape from Krypton (originally known as Superman: The Escape) is a steel shuttle roller coaster located at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. When it opened in 1997, it was the tallest roller coaster in the world, and its speed of was tied for the fastest with Tower of Terror II, a similar roller coaster which opened two months earlier at Dreamworld in Australia. These two coasters were the first to utilize Linear Synchronous Motor (LSM) technology to propel vehicles to top speed. The park originally intended to open the ride in 1996,", "title": "Superman: Escape from Krypton" }, { "id": "18249708", "text": "the record holder since its debut in 2000 – by . It is also tied with Steel Dragon 2000 for the 2nd fastest giga coaster record as both roller coasters reach a maximum speed of , however Red Force at Ferrari Land reaches a top speed of 112 miles per hour (180 km/h). In terms of length, Steel Dragon 2000 retains the record as Fury 325 is shorter. Fury 325 is currently the seventh fastest, sixth tallest, and fourth longest roller coaster in the world. In North American rankings, the roller coaster is the tallest, fastest, and longest non-launched steel", "title": "Fury 325" }, { "id": "20301185", "text": "inversions. HangTime (roller coaster) HangTime is a steel roller coaster at Knott's Berry Farm in Buena Park, California. The Infinity Coaster is manufactured by Gerstlauer on the former site of Boomerang and Riptide. It is the first and only roller coaster on the West Coast to feature a drop greater than 90°. It opened on May 18, 2018. After leaving the station you ascend a 150-foot vertical lift. After the lift you are halted before dropping into the 96° drop. The ride reaches speeds of up to 57 miles per hour (92 kilometres per hour), and includes a total of", "title": "HangTime (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "9550311", "text": "was disassembled and sold to Premier Parks. Soon afterwards it was relocated and rebuilt at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom as \"Kong\" after Premier Parks acquired the Six Flags chain. Kong debuted at The New Marine World Theme Park (later Six Flags Discovery Kingdom) on Memorial Day Weekend of 1998. At that time Kong became the tallest and longest inverted roller coaster in Northern California, missing the speed record by and achieving the length record by only . Today, and Medusa, hold the height and speed records in Discovery Kingdom and Northern California. Kong previously loaded near the iWerks theater (Also", "title": "Kong (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "2509941", "text": "Diablo Challenge each October, the climb is one of the more popular uploaded to Strava, with over 11000 attempts recorded as of mid 2014. The top 10 times listed there are all from the Tour of California, which has used Mt Diablo as a stage several times. The fastest time (41:39) as of July 2014 is held by professional Curaçaoan cyclist Marc de Maar set in May 2013. <br> Mount Diablo is easily visible from many places in California from the foothills in The Sierra, to local vantage points. One local vantage point is Pleasant Hill's Dinosaur Hill Park. Another", "title": "Mount Diablo" }, { "id": "4260196", "text": "Great Adventure, which opened in the spring of 2005 is capable of reaching 128 mph (206 km/h) in 3.5 seconds. The fastest roller coaster in the world Formula Rossa, which reaches in 4 seconds, is also launched using this method. Hydraulic launched rides usually have a tower after the launch, with differing layouts afterwards depending on the park's financial resources. \"Top Thrill Dragster\" brakes after the tower and \"Kingda Ka\" features a single hill after the tower, while \"Storm Runner\" at Hersheypark offers a series of overbanked turns and inversions after its 180 foot (55 m) tower drop. \"Rita\" at", "title": "Launched roller coaster" }, { "id": "4254138", "text": "groundbreaking ceremony on January 6, 2015, to mark the commencement of sustained construction activities. In July 2012, the California legislature and Gov. Jerry Brown approved construction of the high-speed system. According to Proposition 1A, the train must be electric and capable of a sustained operating speed of no less than . There are also a number of travel time benchmarks. The important benchmarks applicable to Phase 1 of the project are: (1) a maximum nonstop travel time between San Francisco and San Jose of 30 minutes, and (2) a maximum nonstop travel time between San Jose and Los Angeles of", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "4838765", "text": "California's Great America California's Great America (formerly known as Marriott's Great America and Paramount's Great America) is a amusement park located in Santa Clara, California. Owned and operated by Cedar Fair, it originally opened in 1976 as one of two parks built by the Marriott Corporation. The park has appeared in 1994 films \"Beverly Hills Cop III\" and \"Getting Even with Dad\" and features over 40 rides and attractions. One of its most notable attractions, Gold Striker, has been featured as a top-ranked wooden roller coaster in \"Amusement Today's\" annual Golden Ticket Awards publication. Marriott's Great America, built by hotel", "title": "California's Great America" }, { "id": "4254171", "text": "and so would require a whole new legal underpinning. A flaw of the hyperloop is that it can carry far fewer passengers per trip compared to HSR. California High-Speed Rail California High-Speed Rail (abbreviated CAHSR or CHSR) is a high-speed rail system under construction in the U.S. state of California. It is projected to connect the Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center in Anaheim and Union Station in Downtown Los Angeles with the Salesforce Transit Center in San Francisco via the Central Valley, providing a one-seat ride between Union Station and San Francisco in 2 hours and 40 minutes. Future extensions", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "6925693", "text": "the last \"classic roller coaster\" between Vancouver, British Columbia and San Diego, California. It is only one of three Church rides to still operate. The other two are Dragon Coaster at Playland Park and Giant Dipper at Belmont Park. It is one of the only roller coasters that are still operating from what ACE calls the \"golden age of roller coasters.\" Other than being the oldest roller coaster in California, the ride is also one of the oldest roller coasters in the world. Since the Giant Dipper was one of the first roller coasters in existence when it opened, many", "title": "Giant Dipper" }, { "id": "8095593", "text": "Desperado (roller coaster) Desperado is a hypercoaster located in Primm, Nevada, United States at the Buffalo Bill's Hotel and Casino a part of the Primm Valley Resorts complex. According to the roller coaster database, Desperado was one of the tallest roller coasters in the world at the time of being built. It features a 60-degree, drop; a lift hill; and top speeds around 80 mph. On the 2 minute, 43 second ride, riders will experience almost 4 g. A portion of the ride runs through the interior of the casino. The coaster was listed by the Guinness Book of Records", "title": "Desperado (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "16455951", "text": "roller coaster. In January 2016 the record was conceded to Mack-manufactured Flash at Lewa Adventure amusement park located in China. However, Full Throttle's loop remains the tallest loop in North America. It has the first top hat attached directly on top of the vertical loop. As of 2019 no other looping roller-coaster has this type of top hat. Full Throttle (roller coaster) Full Throttle is a steel launched roller coaster at the Six Flags Magic Mountain amusement park in Valencia, California. The ride is designed by Premier Rides and featured the world's tallest vertical loop at when it opened (this", "title": "Full Throttle (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "10984917", "text": "at Playland. The ride is still being manually braked, a feat few coasters can claim today. The ride ran using the original flanged wheel trains until the early 1980s, when the lack of rare parts forced management to switch them out with Morgan Manufacturing trains. These trains are also in use on the two Giant Dipper roller coasters in California, (San Diego and Santa Cruz respectively) the only other roller coasters designed by Church still in operation. An original train car is mounted across the path from the entrance, next to the on-ride photo purchase booth, so visitors can sit", "title": "Dragon Coaster (Playland)" }, { "id": "13925523", "text": "Formula Rossa Formula Rossa (Arabic: فورمولا روسا) is a launched roller coaster located at Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Manufactured by Intamin, Formula Rossa is the world's fastest roller coaster with a top speed of . In its planning stage it was called F1 Coaster. On 4 November 2010, the roller coaster officially opened to the public. The coaster train accelerates to its top speed in 5 seconds using a hydraulic launch system which generates a release velocity similar to that of steam catapults on an aircraft carrier. Riders experience up to 1.7 g of force during", "title": "Formula Rossa" }, { "id": "4254126", "text": "San Diego.\" The first phase of the project must link San Francisco with Los Angeles and Anaheim. Up to 24 stations were authorized for the completed system. This system is scheduled be built in two phases. Phase 1 will be approximately long, with completion expected in 2029. Phase 1 will connect the downtowns of San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Anaheim using high-speed rail through the Central Valley. In Phase 2, the route will be extended north from the Central Valley to Sacramento, and east from Los Angeles through the Inland Empire and then south to San Diego. Upon completion the", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "3246322", "text": "2005 when Kingda Ka opened at Six Flags Great Adventure, standing tall. The previous record holder for speed was Dodonpa, at . This record was broken by \"Top Thrill Dragster\", which reaches speeds up to , which was later broken by Kingda Ka which reached a top speed of . In November 2010, Formula Rossa at Ferrari World broke the record for fastest roller coaster, with a top speed of . , Top Thrill Dragster has the second tallest lift, the third fastest speed, and the second-highest drop among steel roller coasters in the world. \"Top Thrill Dragster\" is negatively", "title": "Top Thrill Dragster" }, { "id": "12220976", "text": "hotels: Legoland Hotel (opened in April 2013) and Legoland Castle Hotel (opened in April 2018). Explorer Island is a section with themes of dinosaurs and exploration. It contains a large sand area where children may dig for \"fossils\" and the Gerstlauer-built \"Coastersaurus\" mini steel roller coaster, a close copy of the Legoland Germany junior coaster \"Drachenjagd\", with a ride duration of approximately 2 minutes. It was installed by Ride Entertainment Group, who handles all of Gerstlauer's operations in the Western Hemisphere. The Heartlake City section is based on the LEGO Friends brand marketed to girls, featuring \"Heart Lake\", a water", "title": "Legoland California" }, { "id": "7584597", "text": "just as the train begins to accelerate. The number of pumps, accumulators, and turbines varies with the speed the coaster is designed to achieve. Kanonen (the world's slowest Accelerator Coaster), while now closed permanently (as of December 30, 2016), had a design speed of , one pump, one accumulator, and eight turbines. Kingda Ka (the world's second fastest roller coaster) has a design speed of , seven pumps, four accumulators, and 32 turbines. The system as a whole is capable of producing up to 20,800 horsepower (15.5 MW) for each launch, although a typical launch uses less than . The", "title": "Accelerator Coaster" }, { "id": "9763153", "text": "Drew Hunter's 3:58.25, Reed Brown's 3:59.3 (2017), Matthew Maton's 3:59.38 (2015), and Grant Fisher's 3:59.38 (2015), and is the fastest time ever run by a California high school student. He won the mile race at the CIF California State Meet in 1965 with a time of 4:08.0 and again the next year with a time of 4:07.0. He won the Golden West Invitational High School meet two-mile race in 1966 in a time of 8:55.4. He was \"Track and Field News\" \"High School Athlete of the Year\" in 1966. After high school Danielson attended Brigham Young University, where he competed", "title": "Tim Danielson" }, { "id": "6997110", "text": "Tatsu Tatsu is a steel flying roller coaster designed by Bolliger & Mabillard at the Six Flags Magic Mountain amusement park located in Valencia, California, United States. Announced on November 17, 2005, the roller coaster opened to the public on May 13, 2006 as the park's seventeenth roller coaster. Tatsu reaches a height of and speeds up to . The roller coaster is also the world's tallest and fastest flying coaster; is the only flying roller coaster to feature a zero-gravity roll; and has the world's highest pretzel loop. It was the world's longest flying coaster until The Flying Dinosaur", "title": "Tatsu" }, { "id": "13925525", "text": "Formula One drivers Felipe Massa and Fernando Alonso rode Formula Rossa on 11 November 2010, three days before the 2010 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix. In 2014, Alonso and new teammate Kimi Räikkönen rode the coaster, while Räikkönen and Sebastian Vettel rode in 2015. Formula Rossa Formula Rossa (Arabic: فورمولا روسا) is a launched roller coaster located at Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Manufactured by Intamin, Formula Rossa is the world's fastest roller coaster with a top speed of . In its planning stage it was called F1 Coaster. On 4 November 2010, the roller coaster officially opened", "title": "Formula Rossa" }, { "id": "9550253", "text": "Medusa (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom) Medusa is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom in Vallejo, California. Medusa opened in 2000 as the first floorless roller coaster on the west coast. Built by Bolliger & Mabillard, the coaster features a -tall lift hill with a drop, and the first Sea serpent roll element ever built on a B&M coaster. The ride is the longest coaster in Northern California at long and is notable as having one of the largest vertical loops in the world at 128 ft. It also shares the height record in Northern California with", "title": "Medusa (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom)" }, { "id": "4260191", "text": "chain-lifted coasters, and are considered to require heavier maintenance. The first launched roller coaster was Montezooma's Revenge at Knotts Berry Farm in Southern California. Linear induction motor (LIM) and linear synchronous motor (LSM) coasters use propulsion via electromagnets, which utilize large amounts of electricity to propel the coaster train along its track into the ride elements (e.g. inversions, twists, turns and short drops). Nine design companies managing these types of rides are Vekoma, Intamin, Gerstlauer, Premier Rides, Maurer Söhne, Zierer, MACK Rides, Bolliger & Mabillard and Rocky Mountain Construction. Both Rocky Mountain Construction and Bolliger & Mabillard established their first", "title": "Launched roller coaster" }, { "id": "4254145", "text": "rules. These were mentioned as a significant reason that Chinese manufacturers dropped out of the XpressWest project with similar technical trainset specifications. In April 2017, the CHSRA announced it had received five responses to its request for qualifications for the contract to assist with the development and management of the initial phase of the high speed line and be the initial operator. In October 2017 the DB International US consortium was announced as the winner. In addition to the direct reduction in travel times the HSR project will produce, there are other anticipated benefits, both general to the state, to", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "20084156", "text": "Blower is a Gravity Group wooden roller coaster that is built with a steel support structure. Other Gravity Group Coasters that have similar steel support structures include Oscar's Wacky Taxi and Switchback. Mine Blower utilizes two custom themed \"Timberliner\" trains that seat 12 passengers each. The train front consists of a firework and dynamite figurehead. Mine Blower is 2,290 feet long, 83 feet high, and hits a top speed of 48.5 mph (78 kph). This is currently the longest, tallest, and fastest of the three operating wooden coasters in Florida. Mine Blower Mine Blower is a hybrid wooden roller coaster", "title": "Mine Blower" }, { "id": "19341024", "text": "no financing plans have been made. Proposition 1A requires that Phase 1 be completed before construction is started on Phase 2. The Phase 2 segments, Merced–Sacramento and Los Angeles–San Diego, total about . The completed system length after these extensions are constructed will be about . San Diego is considering how high-speed rail can play a role in their transportation options as Lindbergh Field is expected to reach maximum capacity between 2025 and 2030. A stop has been proposed at the north end of airport in conjunction with a new transit center. Airport consultant suggest that the train could provide", "title": "Route of California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "10350055", "text": "EPCOT also includes the sensation of weightlessness after takeoff, just as you enter space. Coaster are important part of coasters Air time (rides) In the context of amusement rides, air time, or airtime, refers to the time during which riders of a roller coaster or other ride experience either weightlessness or negative G-forces. With roller coasters, air time is usually achieved when the train travels over a hill at speed. In 2001 the Guinness World Records recorded , located at Six Flags Magic Mountain, Valencia, California, USA, as the fastest roller coaster in the world, where riders experienced a then", "title": "Air time (rides)" }, { "id": "4254143", "text": "a total of $3.276 billion. In February 2015 nine companies formally expressed interest in producing trainsets for the system: Alstom, AnsaldoBreda (now Hitachi Rail Italy), Bombardier Transportation, CSR, Hyundai Rotem, Kawasaki Rail Car, Siemens, Sun Group U.S.A. partnered with CNR Tangshan, and Talgo. In addition to many other requirements: One specification that is causing some difficulty is the HSR train requirement for a floor height of 50 in. (127 cm) above the rails. This is the international standard for high-speed rail trains, but Caltrain trains have a floor height of only 25 in. (63.5 cm). (Metrolink trains have a similar", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "16455945", "text": "Full Throttle (roller coaster) Full Throttle is a steel launched roller coaster at the Six Flags Magic Mountain amusement park in Valencia, California. The ride is designed by Premier Rides and featured the world's tallest vertical loop at when it opened (this record is now held by Flash, a steel roller coaster at Lewa Adventure, China). It is also the first roller coaster to feature a top-hat element on a loop. It officially opened to the public on June 22, 2013. In late 2012 Baltimore-based roller coaster manufacturer Premier Rides was announced as the builder of the coaster. Construction of", "title": "Full Throttle (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "20135667", "text": "the massive Thomas Fire in Ventura County. At the time, the Thomas Fire was California's largest modern wildfire, which has since been surpassed by the Mendocino Complex's Ranch Fire in 2018. The December 2017 fires forced over 230,000 people to evacuate, with the 6 largest fires burning over and more than 1,300 structures. During the year, 5 of the 20 most destructive wildfires in the state's history burned between October and December: #1 Tubbs, #6 Nuns, #7 Thomas, #11 Atlas, and #17 Redwood Valley Complex. The wildfires collectively caused at least $18.0 billion (2018 USD) in damages, including $13.2 billion", "title": "2017 California wildfires" }, { "id": "4254131", "text": "in Redwood City, Mountain View, or Palo Alto, but it was removed from the business plan in May 2016 due to low ridership projections, although the possibility was raised of adding one in the future. In 2015, the following stations and options were proposed. Existing train stations, if any, are linked. There is often a choice of alignments, some of which may involve the construction of a new station at a different location. The segment from Merced to Sacramento will be built on dedicated high-speed rail tracks and go to: Proposals for San Jose–Oakland and Stockton–Union City lines have been", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "2261817", "text": "Dot's Puddle Park). It opened as the park's first expansion in 2002 to expand the park's family-friendly attractions. The land was built around the existing attraction \"It's Tough to Be a Bug!\", a 3D film based on \"A Bug's Life\", which opened with the park in 2001. \"It's Tough to Be a Bug!\" closed on March 19, 2018. A Bug's Land closed on September 5, 2018 to make way for a Marvel-themed area, scheduled to open in 2020. Unlike Disneyland Park (with exception of Club 33), Disney California Adventure serves beer, wine and cocktails throughout its restaurants, stands and food", "title": "Disney California Adventure" }, { "id": "3851290", "text": "where the roller coaster is located. California Screamin' was designed by Ingenieur Büro Stengel GmbH and was built by Intamin. It is the eighth-longest rollercoaster in the world (and third-longest steel coaster in the United States), at long. It took of steel to build the ride. It is also the longest ride with an inversion (since Son of Beast became defunct). When the loop for Son of Beast at Kings Island was removed in 2006, California Screamin' became the longest looping coaster in the world. The coaster uses Linear Induction Motors (LIMs) to launch the train up the first hill", "title": "Incredicoaster" }, { "id": "18585317", "text": "2018 California gubernatorial election The 2018 California gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 2018, to elect the next Governor of California. Incumbent Democratic Governor Jerry Brown was ineligible to run for reelection for a third consecutive (and fifth non-consecutive) term due to term limits from the Constitution of California. The race was between the incumbent Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom, a Democrat, and businessman John H. Cox, a Republican. Newsom easily won a landslide victory with 62% of the vote, the biggest victory in a gubernatorial race in California since Earl Warren won re-election in 1950, the first time Orange", "title": "2018 California gubernatorial election" }, { "id": "6315169", "text": "polls is shown in the table below. Superman: Krypton Coaster Superman: Krypton Coaster is a Bolliger & Mabillard Floorless Coaster at the Six Flags Fiesta Texas amusement park in San Antonio, Texas, USA. Opened in 2000, \"Superman: Krypton Coaster\" was one of the first floorless roller coasters in the world. The well-received ride held the title for the world's tallest vertical loop (145 feet) from its opening until 2013. It is also known as for being the world's tallest and fastest floorless coaster at 168 ft (51 m) high and a top speed of 70 mph (110 km/h). Six Flags", "title": "Superman: Krypton Coaster" }, { "id": "18993555", "text": "step before issuing eminent domain resolutions and acquiring the land through litigation. By July 2015, the pace of acquisition was clearly speeding up with the increasing pace at which the state adopted its eminent domain resolutions. California Proposition 1A Bond funds and Federal ARRA funds are available to complete an initial segment from Fresno to Bakersfield in the Central Valley by 2017. This segment will connect with BNSF tracks at each end for passenger trains. The selection of the Central Valley as the location for initial construction was dictated in part by the requirements of the American Recovery and Reinvestment", "title": "History of California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "4260199", "text": "Another incarnation, the Ring Racer was open for only 3 days. The only operating coaster of this type is \"Do-Dodonpa\", located at Fuji-Q Highland in Japan. Compressed air launches are able to provide more acceleration than traditional pneumatic launches, with Do-Dodonpa holding the acceleration record since it opened as Dodonpa in 2001, launching passengers from 0 to 112 mph (180 km/h) in 1.56 seconds. In the catapult launch, a large diesel engine or a dropped weight winds a cable to pull the train until it accelerates to its full speed. Dropped weights were used in early installations of Shuttle Loop.", "title": "Launched roller coaster" }, { "id": "20753061", "text": "Fire burned more than , becoming the largest complex fire in the state's history, with the complex's Ranch Fire surpassing the Thomas Fire and the Santiago Canyon Fire of 1889 to become California's single-largest recorded wildfire. In mid-July to August 2018, a series of large wildfires erupted across California, mostly in the northern part of the state, including the destructive Carr Fire and the Mendocino Complex Fire. On August 4, 2018, a national disaster was declared in Northern California, due to the extensive wildfires burning there. In November 2018, strong winds caused another round of large, destructive fires to erupt", "title": "2018 California wildfires" }, { "id": "3799881", "text": "the third-largest wildfire in the state's modern history. According to CALFIRE, it is also the third deadliest and fourth most destructive wildfire in state history, causing just over $1.3 billion in damages. In November 2018, the Camp Fire (2018) surpassed the Tubbs Fire (which had previously surpassed the 1991 Oakland Firestorm and the Cedar Fire) to become the single most destructive wildfire in California history, in terms of the number of buildings destroyed. In December 2017, the Thomas Fire surpassed the Cedar Fire to become California's largest modern wildfire on record, before the Mendocino Complex Fire's Ranch Fire surpassed both", "title": "Cedar Fire (2003)" }, { "id": "20039303", "text": "California (Big & Rich song) \"California\" is a country music song written by John Rich, Rodney Clawson, and Vicky McGehee. It was originally recorded by Tim McGraw on his album \"Damn Country Music\", featuring Big & Rich on backing vocals. Big & Rich released their own version in 2017 as a single, and it appears on their 2017 album \"Did It for the Party\". Tim McGraw recorded the song on his 2015 album \"Damn Country Music\", with Big & Rich on background vocals. McGraw chose to put it on the album because his guitar player played a demo which was", "title": "California (Big & Rich song)" }, { "id": "18993550", "text": "for public comment later in August, and won't be presented to the Authority until 2016. Formal acceptance will also have to wait until all the environmental studies have been completed. Project and Construction Management for this phase was awarded to HNTB Corporation on October 6, 2015. HNTB could receive up to $30 million over 5 years for work performed under the contract. CP5. Not yet specified. Additional construction. Another package will be needed to reach from Poplar Avenue down into Bakersfield proper, and another package will be needed to reach from Madera up to the Chowchilla Wye. These are both", "title": "History of California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "7658988", "text": "in 1990. The ride's final relocation was to Six Flags Magic Mountain in California. As part of the relocation, the ride was renamed from Z-Force to Flashback. It opened at the park in 1992. The ride was closed from 2003 until 2007. On January 23, 2007, the park announced that Flashback would be removed along with Psyclone. Originally, the park stated that Flashback may be re-built within the park for 2008, however it was dismantled and scrapped in December 2007. Flashback was the world's only hairpin-drop roller coaster, with 6 head-over-heels dives and a 540-degree upward spiral. It was also", "title": "Flashback (Six Flags Magic Mountain)" }, { "id": "66856", "text": "Diego Trolley), Sacramento (RT Light Rail), and Northern San Diego County (Sprinter). Furthermore, commuter rail networks serve the San Francisco Bay Area (ACE, BART, Caltrain, SMART), Greater Los Angeles (Metrolink), and San Diego County (Coaster). The California High-Speed Rail Authority was created in 1996 by the state to implement an extensive rail system. Construction was approved by the voters during the November 2008 general election, with the first phase of construction estimated to cost $64.2 billion. Nearly all counties operate bus lines, and many cities operate their own city bus lines as well. Intercity bus travel is provided by Greyhound,", "title": "California" }, { "id": "1148484", "text": "2013. The two older coasters (Python and Flitzer) were removed and for the 2016 summer season, a new ride called \"GaleForce\" was being built, which is a high thrill roller coaster with three linear synchronous motor launches reaching speeds of and a beyond vertical drop. \"GaleForce\" officially opened to the public on May 26, 2017. The new \"Wild Waves\" ride is a family-oriented coaster, with a height of , that wraps around the GaleForce coaster. The new \"Whirlwind\" ride is a figure eight kiddie coaster with spinning cars. There is also a water park located on the boardwalk called \"OC", "title": "Ocean City, New Jersey" }, { "id": "18585319", "text": "the votes cast in the primary election. 2018 California gubernatorial election The 2018 California gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 2018, to elect the next Governor of California. Incumbent Democratic Governor Jerry Brown was ineligible to run for reelection for a third consecutive (and fifth non-consecutive) term due to term limits from the Constitution of California. The race was between the incumbent Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom, a Democrat, and businessman John H. Cox, a Republican. Newsom easily won a landslide victory with 62% of the vote, the biggest victory in a gubernatorial race in California since Earl Warren won", "title": "2018 California gubernatorial election" }, { "id": "6871330", "text": "and certain MARC Penn Line express trains (the three services reaching ) are the only high-speed services in the country according to American standards, but elsewhere in the world \"high speed\" means services at or above . As of 2017, the California High-Speed Rail Authority is working on the California High Speed Rail project and construction is under way on sections traversing the Central Valley. Phase I will be completed in 2029, and Phase II will likely be completed before 2040. Authorities in the United States maintain various definitions of high-speed rail. The definitions range from rail services with top", "title": "High-speed rail in the United States" }, { "id": "20895670", "text": "27 F Elite Women 9 10 Dawn Grunnagle 130 02:35:42 05:57 Dallas, TX 40 F Elite Women 10 11 Nicole Dimercurio 124 02:36:01 05:58 Blowing Rock, NC 26 F Elite Women 11 12 Bridget Lyons 120 02:36:24 05:59 Fairburn, GA 29 F Elite Women 12 13 Gabi Anzalone 132 02:36:45 05:59 Madison, WI 24 F Elite Women 13 14 Meghan Peyton 119 02:37:33 06:01 Minneapolis, MN 31 F Elite Women 14 15 Lauren Masterson 158 02:37:41 06:02 Alamosa, CO 26 F Elite Women 15 16 Sarah Pease 116 02:38:19 06:03 Bloomington, IN 30 F Elite Women 16 17 Katie Matthews", "title": "2017 California International Marathon" }, { "id": "861059", "text": "and Santa Cruz Surfboards, as well as Santa Cruz Skateboards and Santa Cruz Bicycles. The Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk is California's oldest amusement park and a designated State Historic Landmark. It is family-operated, and celebrated its Centennial in 2007. It is home to the iconic Giant Dipper roller coaster, which is currently the fifth oldest coaster in the United States. Home to a National Historic Landmark, a 1911 Charles I. D. Looff Carousel and 1924 Giant Dipper roller coaster, the Boardwalk has been owned and operated by the Santa Cruz Seaside Company since 1915. In one of the first published", "title": "Santa Cruz, California" }, { "id": "8262000", "text": "stands parallel to the footers of the former Tidal Wave looping shuttle coaster. </div> Patriot (California's Great America) Patriot is a floorless roller coaster located in Celebration Plaza at the California's Great America amusement park in Santa Clara, California, United States. The roller coaster originally opened as Vortex on March 9, 1991. It was a stand-up roller coaster designed by Werner Stengel and manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard. Vortex last operated as a stand-up coaster on September 5, 2016, and it reopened as Patriot on April 1, 2017. The ride was converted to a sit-down configuration featuring new floorless trains", "title": "Patriot (California's Great America)" }, { "id": "18869926", "text": "Kelley Johnson Kelley Johnson (born October 22, 1992) is an American model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Colorado 2015 and later competed in Miss America 2016 where she was named second runner-up. Johnson later won Miss California USA 2018 and represented California at Miss USA 2018, where she placed in the top ten. She is also the Chief Nurse Advocate for Wanderly. Johnson was born in Fort Collins, Colorado, and spent her later childhood in Windsor, Colorado. Her mother is Julie Johnson Haffner and her stepfather is Gene Haffner. Johnson also has two older sisters. She is", "title": "Kelley Johnson" }, { "id": "6315160", "text": "Superman: Krypton Coaster Superman: Krypton Coaster is a Bolliger & Mabillard Floorless Coaster at the Six Flags Fiesta Texas amusement park in San Antonio, Texas, USA. Opened in 2000, \"Superman: Krypton Coaster\" was one of the first floorless roller coasters in the world. The well-received ride held the title for the world's tallest vertical loop (145 feet) from its opening until 2013. It is also known as for being the world's tallest and fastest floorless coaster at 168 ft (51 m) high and a top speed of 70 mph (110 km/h). Six Flags describes the coaster Thrill Level at MAXIMUM.", "title": "Superman: Krypton Coaster" }, { "id": "14533985", "text": "two million downloads, which is the second fastest pace to do so in digital history behind Flo Rida's \"Right Round\". It debuted at number 31 on the \"Billboard\" Radio Songs chart and in the July 10, 2010, issue it reached number one on the magazine's Hot Dance Airplay chart, giving Perry her second number-one single on that chart. As of January 2015, the song has sold 5.7 million copies in the US. Elsewhere, \"California Gurls\" reached number one in Canada and debuted in the top 20 in Belgium (Flanders and Wallonia), New Zealand and Norway. On May 24, 2010, \"California", "title": "California Gurls" }, { "id": "6710953", "text": "Belmont Park (San Diego) Belmont Park is a historic oceanfront amusement park located in the Mission Bay area of San Diego, California. The park was developed by sugar magnate John D. Spreckels and opened on July 4, 1925 as the Mission Beach Amusement Center. In addition to providing recreation and amusement, it also was intended as a way to help Spreckles sell land in Mission Beach. Located on the beach, it attracts millions of people each year. The park's most iconic attraction is the historic Giant Dipper roller coaster, which is considered a local landmark. The attractions and rides that", "title": "Belmont Park (San Diego)" }, { "id": "18232164", "text": "It is the tallest roller coaster in the state and the longest ride in the park. The ride cars accommodate 12 passengers (3 rows of 4), and the duration of the ride lasts approximately two and a half minutes. The ride appeared in \"Amusement Today's\" Golden Ticket Awards for the first time in 2016 placing 42nd in the top 50 steel roller coasters category. Cannibal (roller coaster) Cannibal is a steel roller coaster at Lagoon amusement park in Farmington, Utah, United States. Opened on July 2, 2015, the $22-million ride was built and designed mostly in-house – a rare move", "title": "Cannibal (roller coaster)" }, { "id": "4254132", "text": "studied, but are not in the Phase 2 plan which was adopted by voters statewide. The segment from Los Angeles to San Diego will be built on dedicated high-speed rail tracks and may run to: In 1996 the California High-Speed Rail Authority (CHSRA) was established to begin formal planning in preparation for a ballot measure in 1998 or 2000. The CHSRA, a state agency run by a board of governors, is required by law to operate without a subsidy, and to connect the state's major cities in the Bay Area, Central Valley, and Los Angeles Basin. Phase 2 (which has", "title": "California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "11088485", "text": "1861–62. Significant flooding affected parts of California in January 2017. The Russian River rose three feet above flood stage, overspreading about 500 houses with water. Dams were opened to relieve pressure from built-up floodwaters, with the Sacramento Weir being opened for the first time in eleven years. Numerous areas in Northern California closed roads to flood and mudslide conditions, with U.S. Route 395 temporarily closed heading in both directions. Over 570,000 customers of the Pacific Gas and Electric Company lost power in Northern and Central California during the event. Over 3,000 people in the Guerneville area were evacuated. The high-amplitude", "title": "Floods in California" }, { "id": "931539", "text": "undertook several upgrades and a new roller coaster named the Jack Rabbit Racer was opened in May 1915 becoming the second largest racing coaster in the country. It was part of the Silver Spray Pier which included several new rides and concessions. In the mid twenties, several expansions were made to the area and the Jack Rabbit Racer was remodeled raising the ride's dips to a greater height and steepness but it was soon removed to make way for the Cyclone Racer roller coaster which opened May 1930. The new coaster was also built on pilings over the ocean, but", "title": "Long Beach, California" }, { "id": "9044267", "text": "in positions around 60 before dropping to 96 in 2012. The ride's ranking in the poll is shown in the table below. Wildfire (Silver Dollar City) Wildfire is a steel roller coaster located at Silver Dollar City in Branson, Missouri. The $14 million ride was built by Swiss firm Bolliger & Mabillard and opened in 2001. \"Wildfire\" is themed as a flying machine developed by an 1880s Ozark inventor. Standing tall and featuring a top speed of , \"Wildfire\" is the tallest and second fastest ride at Silver Dollar City. Along its of track, \"Wildfire\" features five inversions including an", "title": "Wildfire (Silver Dollar City)" }, { "id": "6710959", "text": "drop tower (the \"Vertical Plunge\"), the \"Liberty Carousel\", and the Beach Blaster. Newer attractions since 2016 include a Zip Line, a 3-level Sky Ropes obstacle course, a 7D Theater called Xanadu, and a 3-level Tron themed Laser Tag arena. The park's rides, including the Giant Dipper, are operated by the San Diego Coaster Company. The park is typically open from 11am until 10pm or 11pm. Current rides are as follows: Current attractions are as follows: Restaurants in Belmont Park include Beach House Grill (formerly WaveHouse), Cannonball, Draft, Belmonty's Burgers, Hot Dog on a Stick, Sweet Shoppe, Dippin' Dots, BeaverTails, Beach", "title": "Belmont Park (San Diego)" }, { "id": "13742196", "text": "Cheetah (Wild Adventures) Cheetah is a wooden roller coaster by Custom Coasters International, located in the African Pridelands Section of the Wild Adventures theme park, in Valdosta, Georgia. The coaster was named after the Cheetah, the fastest land animal, because of its top speed reaching 65 mph when the coaster first opened, but after years of friction and track deformation the coaster was recorded in 2009 reaching a top speed of 52 miles per hour. It has a standard out and back layout with five bunny hops and a figure-eight ending. Built in 2001, Cheetah is the largest roller coaster", "title": "Cheetah (Wild Adventures)" }, { "id": "19341008", "text": "Route of California High-Speed Rail The California High-Speed Rail system will be built in two phases. Phase 1 will be about long, and is planned to be completed in 2029, connecting the downtowns of San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Anaheim using high-speed rail through the Central Valley. In Phase 2, the route will be extended in the Central Valley north to Sacramento, and from Los Angeles east through the Inland Empire and then south to San Diego. The total system length will be about long. Phase 2 has no dates as yet. The bookend from San Francisco to San Jose", "title": "Route of California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "6315164", "text": "of wearing a Samsung Gear VR headset, powered by Oculus to create a 360-degree, 3D experience while riding. It is themed to Superman saving a city from Lex Luthor's Lex Bots who are causing chaos with an anti-gravity ray. This theming will also come to the at Six Flags New England and Superman - Ride of Steel at Six Flags America. The \"Superman: Krypton Coaster\" stands tall. With a top speed of , the ride will tie with \"Iron Rattler\" as the fastest roller coaster at Six Flags Fiesta Texas. The ride features six inversions including a vertical loop, a", "title": "Superman: Krypton Coaster" }, { "id": "19341009", "text": "currently used by Caltrain is scheduled to be electrified by 2022. High-speed trains will run at on shared tracks beginning with the completed Phase 1 system in 2029. The one-way fare between San Francisco and San Jose is expected to cost $22 in 2013 dollars. The Authority recognizes the value of adding this link as soon as possible to the Initial Operating Segment (IOS), and is exploring ways of obtaining additional funding for it. The from San Jose to Merced, crossing the Pacheco Pass, will run at top speed on dedicated HSR tracks (since the current right-of-way south of Tamien", "title": "Route of California High-Speed Rail" }, { "id": "15696291", "text": "Tuna Canyon, Malibu, California, USA, was held on a 4.5 km course, with 390m elevation drop. The shortest course was in Sigulda, Latvia, measuring just 700m and including only 80m elevation drop. The longest course was in Cortina d’Ampezzo, Italy, with a total distance of 5 km and 360m elevation drop. The fastest officially recorded top speed was by Mauro Bettin in 2009 during the Italian Road Rage in Cortina d’Ampezzo, at 98.5 km/h. The fastest speed in wet conditions was recorded by Janos Köhler in 2013 during the Bosnian Road Rage in Sarajevo, at 97.3 km/h. The fastest average", "title": "Red Bull Road Rage" }, { "id": "5594240", "text": "to be confused with the gold-colored ball in Mega Millions, which also is known as the \"Mega Number\".) The California Lottery has offered a number of jackpot games, beginning with its \"6-49\" game in 1986, which became a 53-number game (drawing a seventh, \"bonus\" ball) in 1990, then changed again, to a 51-number game. The current variant, 5/47 + 1/27, began in 2000. On February 16th, 2002, the California Lottery's then-highest payout of $193 million was split by three tickets. Other big jackpots include $141 million dollars on Saturday June 23rd, 2001 that was won by one ticket, a $122", "title": "California State Lottery" }, { "id": "10435833", "text": "13 Unlucky Numbers 13 Unlucky Numbers is the second album by Wax, and also marks their major label debut. The recording sessions took place during the summer of 1993 at Fort Apache Studios and were produced by Paul Q. Kolderie and Sean Slade. The album spawned the singles \"California\" and \"Who is Next\", both with music videos directed by Spike Jonze, who is also credited for the albums photography. Although the album lists 13 tracks, it only includes 10 songs, as the last three tracks are silent. The LP version released on independent label Shattered Records includes \"Hangin' On\" as", "title": "13 Unlucky Numbers" }, { "id": "20895676", "text": "MI 34 M Elite Men 25 28 Kyle Stanton 47 02:17:48 05:16 Rockville, MD 26 M Elite Men 26 29 Christian Thompson 56 02:17:59 05:16 Chattanooga, TN 29 M Elite Men 27 30 Chris Chavez 26 02:18:01 05:17 Burlingame, CA 31 M Elite Men 28 31 Parker Stinson 15 02:18:07 05:17 Boulder, CO 25 M Elite Men 29 32 Brandon Johnson 68 02:18:13 05:17 Boulder, CO 29 M Elite Men 30 33 Enoch Nadler 69 02:18:17 05:17 Gainesville, FL 32 M Elite Men 31 34 Evan Schwartz 65 02:18:17 05:17 Columbus, OH 24 M Elite Men 32 35 Steven Tyler", "title": "2017 California International Marathon" }, { "id": "4573130", "text": "third-longest roller coaster in North America following The Beast at Kings Island and Fury 325 at Carowinds. It features a cable lift hill with a drop, two tunnels, three overbanked turns, and four hills. The coaster also has a top speed of . Since its debut, Millennium Force has been voted the number one steel roller coaster ten times in \"Amusement Today\"'s annual Golden Ticket Awards, and its lowest ranking in the poll has only been two. Although Millennium Force has been surpassed in height and speed, it remains one of the tallest and fastest in the world. The planning,", "title": "Millennium Force" }, { "id": "6997119", "text": "30th place in 2008. Tatsu Tatsu is a steel flying roller coaster designed by Bolliger & Mabillard at the Six Flags Magic Mountain amusement park located in Valencia, California, United States. Announced on November 17, 2005, the roller coaster opened to the public on May 13, 2006 as the park's seventeenth roller coaster. Tatsu reaches a height of and speeds up to . The roller coaster is also the world's tallest and fastest flying coaster; is the only flying roller coaster to feature a zero-gravity roll; and has the world's highest pretzel loop. It was the world's longest flying coaster", "title": "Tatsu" }, { "id": "5851211", "text": "Do-Dodonpa The 55 second ride takes the rider across of steel tracks, and peaks at a maximum height of . Reaching top speeds of Dodonpa retained the title of world's fastest roller coaster for nearly a year and a half before Cedar Point's Top Thrill Dragster took it in May 2003. Previous to Dodonpa, only two other roller coasters had broken the 100 mph barrier; today, that number has risen to seven (including Dodonpa). As for its main attraction, Dodonpa's accelerates from , in 1.56 seconds, giving it an acceleration of , and up to 3.3 \"g\". By comparison, astronauts", "title": "Do-Dodonpa" }, { "id": "10084038", "text": "Speed – The Ride Speed – The Ride is a roller coaster currently in storage, it was located on the Las Vegas Strip at the now-defunct Sahara Hotel and Casino. The coaster operated from April 28, 2000, to May 1, 2011. The roller coaster is currently in storage at Akita Plaza. Speed – The Ride was introduced in the Sahara's 1999 remodeling, as part of the NASCAR Café. As of August 2008, the ride was shut down with no information from the venue. However, the ride reopened in February 2009, then closed again in May 2011 because of the closure", "title": "Speed – The Ride" } ]	what is the fastest roller coaster in california
[ "Abelmoschus esculentus" ]	[ { "id": "15230546", "text": "West Indies, 'Lady Finger' is also used to describe the Ney Poovan banana cultivar (\"Musa acuminata\" × \"balbisiana\" Colla (AB Group) cv. 'Ney Poovan'). Lady Finger bananas can grow at a height of 25 ft (7.5 m). Its pseudostem is slender and streaked with reddish brown, but it has a heavy root system that makes it resistant to wind damage. It is resistant to drought and Black Weevil, but is susceptible to Sigatoka. It blooms during mid-summer, late summer, and early fall. It is monocarpic and is propagated asexually. The fruit is 4 to 5 inches (10-12.5 cm) in length,", "title": "Lady Finger banana" }, { "id": "7222654", "text": "Pseudopanax arboreus Pseudopanax arboreus or five finger (Māori: 'Puahou' or 'Whauwhaupaku'), is a New Zealand native tree belonging to the family Araliaceae. It is one of New Zealand's more common native trees, being found widely in bush, scrub and gardens throughout both islands. The compound leaves with five to seven leaflets, hence the common name, are very characteristic of the tree and easily recognized. Closely related and very similar to Five Finger are \"P. laetus\", \"P. colensoi\" and \"P. macintyrei\". Leaflets obovate-oblong to oblong-cuneate, thinly coriaceous, coarsely serrate-dentate. Flowers usually unisexual; inflorescences are compound umbels with 8-20 primary branchlets up", "title": "Pseudopanax arboreus" }, { "id": "106693", "text": "Digitalis Digitalis ( or ) is a genus of about 20 species of herbaceous perennials, shrubs, and biennials commonly called foxgloves. This genus was traditionally placed in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae, but recent phylogenetic research has placed it in the much enlarged family Plantaginaceae. This genus is native to western and southwestern Europe, western and central Asia and northwestern Africa. The scientific name means \"finger-like\" and refers to the ease with which a flower of \"Digitalis purpurea\" can be fitted over a human fingertip. The flowers are produced on a tall spike, are tubular, and vary in colour with species,", "title": "Digitalis" }, { "id": "15850350", "text": "Adiantum viridimontanum Adiantum viridimontanum, commonly known as Green Mountain maidenhair fern, is a rare fern found only in outcrops of serpentine rock in New England and Eastern Canada. The leaf blade is cut into finger-like segments, themselves once-divided, which are borne on the outer side of a curved, dark, glossy rachis (the central stalk of the leaf). These finger-like segments are not individual leaves, but parts of a single compound leaf. The \"fingers\" may be drooping or erect, depending on whether the individual fern grows in shade or sunlight. Spores are borne under false indusia (rolled flaps of tissue) at", "title": "Adiantum viridimontanum" }, { "id": "20077079", "text": "Persicaria minor Persicaria minor is a herb species of the \"Polygonaceae\" family, with synonym Polygonum minus, and is also known by the common names small water-pepper, small smartweed, pygmy smartweed, spotted lady's thumb and kesum (Malay). This herb is native to Asia, but distributed widely in Europe and Australia. It is used in South East Asian cooking. \"Persicaria minor\" is native to South East Asia, including Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia. It grows wild in cooler highlands, but is also found in wet lowland areas near rivers, ditches, and canals. It is a creeping plant with slender stems, and grows", "title": "Persicaria minor" }, { "id": "12593515", "text": "Caladenia carnea Caladenia carnea, commonly known as pink fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to eastern and south-eastern Australia, including Tasmania. It has a single thin, green leaf and one to five white or pink flowers with red stripes and two rows of yellow-tipped \"calli\" on their labellum. \"Caladenia carnea\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single, sparsely hairy, narrow linear leaf, long and wide. The inflorescence is a raceme, tall with between one and three, sometimes five flowers. The flowers are sometimes sweetly scented or musky. The", "title": "Caladenia carnea" }, { "id": "20038078", "text": "Caladenia pusilla Caladenia pusilla, commonly known as tiny fingers, pygmy caladenia, tiny caladenia or pink fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is native to Australia and New Zealand. It is a ground orchid with a single erect, sparsely hairy leaf and a single pink flower with a brownish-pink back. The flowers are short-lived and self-pollinating. \"Caladenia pusilla\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, sparsely hairy leaf, long, wide. A single flower long and wide is borne on a relatively thick spike tall. The flower is pink with a", "title": "Caladenia pusilla" }, { "id": "5269657", "text": "Digitaria Digitaria is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and warm temperate regions. Common names include crabgrass, finger-grass, and fonio. They are slender monocotyledonous annual and perennial lawn, pasture, and forage plants; some are often considered lawn pests. \"Digitus\" is the Latin word for \"finger\", and they are distinguished by the long, finger-like inflorescences they produce. \"Digitaria\" species occur in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of both hemispheres. Though some \"Digitaria\" species are weeds, others have uses, especially as food. The seeds, most notably those of fonio, can be toasted and ground into a flour,", "title": "Digitaria" }, { "id": "15850374", "text": "either of its parent species. Adiantum viridimontanum Adiantum viridimontanum, commonly known as Green Mountain maidenhair fern, is a rare fern found only in outcrops of serpentine rock in New England and Eastern Canada. The leaf blade is cut into finger-like segments, themselves once-divided, which are borne on the outer side of a curved, dark, glossy rachis (the central stalk of the leaf). These finger-like segments are not individual leaves, but parts of a single compound leaf. The \"fingers\" may be drooping or erect, depending on whether the individual fern grows in shade or sunlight. Spores are borne under false indusia", "title": "Adiantum viridimontanum" }, { "id": "16809197", "text": "Caladenia fuscata Caladenia fuscata, commonly known as dusky fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to eastern and south-eastern Australia, including Tasmania. It is a small ground orchid found in eucalyptus woodland and which flowers in September and October. \"Caladenia fuscata\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single, sparsely hairy, narrow linear leaf, long and wide. The single white or pink flower is borne on a spike up to high. The dorsal sepal is erect, linear in shape, long, wide with a pointed end. The lateral sepals and petals", "title": "Caladenia fuscata" }, { "id": "1430359", "text": "Boesenbergia rotunda Boesenbergia rotunda, commonly known as Chinese keys, fingerroot, lesser galangal or Chinese ginger, is a medicinal and culinary herb from China and Southeast Asia. In English, the root has traditionally been called fingerroot, because the shape of the rhizome resembles that of fingers growing out of a center piece. Fingerroot is a kind of ginger (Zingiberaceae). It is an annual crop and indigenous to southern Yunnan Province, China, to west Malaysia. Tropical rain forest is where this fingerroot grows. It has underground trunk, which is called rhizomes. Rhizomes underground branch goes out into many bunches same as ginger,", "title": "Boesenbergia rotunda" }, { "id": "10622759", "text": "Cophixalus pulchellus Cophixalus pulchellus is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to mainland Papua New Guinea and only known from its type locality in the (East Sepik Province); a northern offshoot of the Central Dividing Range. The specific name \"pulchellus\" is diminutive of Latin \"pulcher\", meaning \"beautiful\". The only known specimen, the holotype, is an adult female measuring in snout–vent length. The snout is truncate. The tympanum is partly distinct. The eyes are moderately large. The fingers and the toes bear discs, but the one on the first finger is very reduced. No webbing is", "title": "Cophixalus pulchellus" }, { "id": "106710", "text": "the hybridised transcripts, alkaline phosphatase can be reacted with a chromogen to produce a coloured precipitate. Digitalis Digitalis ( or ) is a genus of about 20 species of herbaceous perennials, shrubs, and biennials commonly called foxgloves. This genus was traditionally placed in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae, but recent phylogenetic research has placed it in the much enlarged family Plantaginaceae. This genus is native to western and southwestern Europe, western and central Asia and northwestern Africa. The scientific name means \"finger-like\" and refers to the ease with which a flower of \"Digitalis purpurea\" can be fitted over a human fingertip.", "title": "Digitalis" }, { "id": "483624", "text": "Finger A finger is a limb of the human body and a type of digit, an organ of manipulation and found in the hands of humans and other primates. Normally humans have five digits, the bones of which are termed phalanges, on each hand, although some people have more or fewer than five due to congenital disorders such as polydactyly or oligodactyly, or accidental or medical amputations. The first digit is the thumb, followed by index finger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger or pinky. According to different definitions, the thumb can be called a finger, or not. The", "title": "Finger" }, { "id": "8303980", "text": "Fatsia japonica Fatsia japonica, also glossy-leaf paper plant, fatsi, paperplant, false castor oil plant, or Japanese aralia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Araliaceae, native to southern Japan, southern Korea, and Taiwan. The name \"fatsi\" is an approximation of the Japanese word for 'eight' (\"hachi\" in modern romanization), referring to the eight leaf lobes. In Japan it is known as , meaning \"eight fingers\". The name \"Japanese aralia\" is due to the genus being classified in the related genus \"Aralia\" in the past. It has been interbred with \"Hedera helix\" (common ivy) to produce the intergeneric hybrid", "title": "Fatsia japonica" }, { "id": "20087385", "text": "Caladenia chamaephylla Caladenia chamaephylla, commonly known as redleaf fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a ground orchid with a single leaf and a single pink flower which is brownish-pink on the back. Unlike the leaves of most caladenias, this one has a leaf which lies flat on the ground and flowers appear in late autumn or winter. \"Caladenia chamaephylla\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single leaf, 30–100 mm long and 3–6 mm wide which lies flat on the ground. A single pink flower", "title": "Caladenia chamaephylla" }, { "id": "6119319", "text": "widely practiced and vary through cultures, they are an explanation for why this plant has been cultivated. The fruit has been embraced by Eastern cultures. It is primarily used as decorative foliage for religious and festival floral arrangements in Asia. The fruit is imported for the creation of Chinese New Year trees, due to their golden colored fruit, and belief that the five \"fingers\" on the fruit represent longevity for the family. In Chinese culture, the plant is known as \"five fingered eggplant\" (五指茄) and in Japan it is known as \"Fox Face\" (フォックスフェイス). The juice of the fruit can", "title": "Solanum mammosum" }, { "id": "19057094", "text": "Phrynoidis Phrynoidis is a small genus of true toads, family Bufonidae. They are found in Southeast Asia, including the Malay Archipelago as far east as Borneo. They are sometimes known as the rough toads or river toads. \"Phrynoidis\" was included in \"Bufo\" until 2006. Their sister taxon is the genus \"Rentapia\" (formerly part of then polyphyletic \"Pedostibes\"). \"Phrynoidis\" are large toads, with a maximum female snout–vent length of , depending on the species (males are smaller). Finger tips are dilated into keratinized, bulbous tips. Supernumerary palmar tubercles are present. The fingers have basal webbing. The tadpoles have large oral disc", "title": "Phrynoidis" }, { "id": "15230547", "text": "and light yellow. The skin is thin and the flesh is sweet. 12 to 20 fingers are borne in each hand, with each bunch typically having 10 to 14 hands. Lady Finger bananas are eaten fresh or used in desserts. They are known for being sweeter than the common Cavendish-type bananas. Dwarf Lady Finger bananas, typically growing only up to 15 ft in height, are also cultivated as houseplants. Lady Finger are vulnerable to Black sigatoka and very susceptible to the Panama disease. Lady Finger banana Lady Finger bananas (also known as Sugar bananas, Sucrier, Niños, Bocadillos, Fig bananas, or", "title": "Lady Finger banana" }, { "id": "19853059", "text": "Caladenia catenata Caladenia catenata, commonly known as white caladenia, white fingers and lady's fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and one or two white, sometimes pink flowers on a thin, sparsely-hairy stem. It is similar to \"Caladenia carnea\" but lacks the red and white bars on the labellum of that species. \"Caladenia catenata\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single, sparsely hairy, linear leaf, long and wide. There are one or", "title": "Caladenia catenata" }, { "id": "4492467", "text": "Duncan Ball Duncan Ball (born February 1941) is an American-born Australian author who has written the children's series \"Selby\" (about a talking dog named Selby who tries to keep his secret away from his owners) and \"Emily Eyefinger\" (about a girl who has an eye on her finger). He also writes under the name of John St Claire. Duncan was born in February 1941 in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, and was one of three children. When he was four, his family moved to Alaska, where he went to primary school. In his teens, Duncan moved to Madrid, Spain where he", "title": "Duncan Ball" }, { "id": "4665263", "text": "Arum maculatum Arum maculatum is a common woodland plant species of the family Araceae. It is widespread across most of Europe, as well as Turkey and the Caucasus. It is known by an abundance of common names including snakeshead, adder's root, arum, wild arum, arum lily, lords-and-ladies, devils and angels, cows and bulls, cuckoo-pint, soldiers diddies, priest's pintle, Adam and Eve, bobbins, naked girls, naked boys, starch-root, wake robin, friar's cowl, sonsie-give-us-your-hand, jack in the pulpit and cheese and toast. The name \"lords-and-ladies\" and other gender-related names refer to the plant's likeness to male and female genitalia symbolising copulation. The", "title": "Arum maculatum" }, { "id": "10198969", "text": "Spearfinger Spearfinger, or U'tlun'ta, is a figure in Cherokee legend that lived along the eastern side of Tennessee and western part of North Carolina. \"U'tlun'ta\" translates from Cherokee to \"she had it sharp\", which refers to the sharp finger on her right hand. Sometimes, she was called Nûñ'yunu'ï, which means \"Stone-dress\". This name is from her stone-like skin. Her sharp finger is said to be her forefinger on her right hand. The sharp finger resembled a spear or obsidian knife, which she used to cut her victims. Her mouth was stained with blood from the livers she ate. Often she", "title": "Spearfinger" }, { "id": "20083255", "text": "September to October. \"Caladenia xantholeuca\" was first described in 1998 by David Jones from a specimen collected in Telowie Gorge and the description was published in \"Australian Orchid Research\". The specific epithet (\"xantholeuca\") is derived from the Ancient Greek words ξανθός \"xanthos\" meaning \"yellow\" and λευκός \"leukos\" meaning \"white\" referring to the white flower with yellow parts of the labellum. There are three known populations of Flinders fingers, two in the Mount Remarkable National Park and one in the Telowie Gorge Conservation Park, each with about 80 plants, but the orchid has rarely been seen since 1982 because of extended", "title": "Caladenia xantholeuca" }, { "id": "4065404", "text": "Digitalis purpurea Digitalis purpurea (foxglove, common foxglove, purple foxglove or lady's glove) is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae, native to and widespread throughout most of temperate Europe. It is also naturalised in parts of North America and some other temperate regions. The plants are well known as the original source of the heart medicine digoxin (also called digitalis or digitalin). \"Digitalis purpurea\" is an herbaceous biennial or short-lived perennial plant. The leaves are spirally arranged, simple, long and broad, and are covered with gray-white pubescent and glandular hairs, imparting a woolly texture. The foliage forms", "title": "Digitalis purpurea" }, { "id": "20089331", "text": "Caladenia gracillima Caladenia gracillima, commonly known as pretty fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It has a single leaf and up to three bright pink flowers. The type specimen was collected at Yandina in southern Queensland but there are also records from southern New South Wales. \"Caladenia gracillima\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single leaf, 90–150 mm long and 2–3 mm wide. Up to three bright pink flowers with dusky pink backs and 25–40 mm long, 20–40 mm wide are borne on a stalk 100–200 mm tall. The dorsal", "title": "Caladenia gracillima" }, { "id": "4655691", "text": "Finger (unit) A finger (sometimes fingerbreadth or finger's breadth) is any of several units of measurement that are approximately the width of an adult human finger, including: The digit, also known as digitus or digitus transversus (Latin), dactyl (Greek) or dactylus, or finger's breadth — of an inch or of a foot. In medicine and related disciplines (anatomy, radiology, etc.) the fingerbreadth (literally the width of a finger) is an informal but widely used unit of measure. In the measurement of distilled spirits, two fingers of whiskey refers to the amount of whiskey that would fill a glass to the", "title": "Finger (unit)" }, { "id": "831097", "text": "Camellia Camellia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are 100–300 described species, with some controversy over the exact number. There are also around 3,000 hybrids. The genus was named by Linnaeus after the Jesuit botanist Georg Joseph Kamel, who worked in the Philippines and described a species of camellia (although Linnaeus did not refer to Kamel's account when discussing the genus). Camellias are famous throughout East Asia; they are known as \"cháhuā\" (茶花, 'tea flower') in Chinese, \"tsubaki\" (椿)", "title": "Camellia" }, { "id": "15230544", "text": "Lady Finger banana Lady Finger bananas (also known as Sugar bananas, Sucrier, Niños, Bocadillos, Fig bananas, or Date bananas) are diploid cultivars of \"Musa acuminata\". Their fruits are small, thin-skinned, and very sweet. The Lady Finger banana is a diploid (AA) cultivar of the seeded banana \"Musa acuminata\". They were once placed under the Sucrier group in the old system of classification. Its official designation is \"Musa\" (AA) 'Lady Finger'. Synonyms include: It is known in English as Lady finger banana, Sugar banana, Finger banana, Fig banana, Date banana, or Sucrier. In the US, this cultivar is also known as", "title": "Lady Finger banana" }, { "id": "3630772", "text": "be eaten as a palatable and nutritious leaf vegetable. It is often seen as a weed and rarely cultivated. A yellow dye can be produced from this plant with alum used as a mordant. Persicaria maculosa Persicaria maculosa (syn. \"Polygonum persicaria\") is an annual plant in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae. Common names include lady's thumb, spotted lady's thumb, Jesusplant, and redshank. It is widespread across Eurasia from Iceland south to Portugal and east to Japan. It is also present as an introduced and invasive species in North America, where it was first noted in the Great Lakes region in 1843", "title": "Persicaria maculosa" }, { "id": "19697774", "text": "Xylaria longipes Xylaria longipes, commonly known as dead moll's fingers, is a species of fungus in the family Xylariaceae. \"Xylaria longipes\" was first described by the German botanist and mycologist Theodor Rudolph Joseph Nitschke in the first volume of his \"Pyrenomycetes Germanici\", published in 1867. He gave it the name by which it is currently known. \"Xylaria\" is from the Latin \"xulon\", meaning \"wood\", and \"aria\", meaning \"pertaining to\", while \"longipes\" is from \"longus\", meaning \"long\", and \"pes\", meaning \"foot\". The specific name is in reference to the long stem, which is one of the distinguishing features in contrast to", "title": "Xylaria longipes" }, { "id": "3941710", "text": "Parthenocissus quinquefolia Parthenocissus quinquefolia, known as Virginia creeper, Victoria creeper, five-leaved ivy, or five-finger, is a species of flowering plant in the grape family, Vitaceae. It is native to eastern and central North America, from southeastern Canada and the eastern United States west to Manitoba and Utah, and south to eastern Mexico and Guatemala. The name \"Virginia creeper\", referring to one of its native locations, is also used for the whole genus \"Parthenocissus\", and for other species within the genus. The name \"Parthenocissus\" is from the Greek literally meaning \"virgin ivy\", and may derive from the common English name of", "title": "Parthenocissus quinquefolia" }, { "id": "12593518", "text": "word meaning \"flesh\". Pink fingers orchid occurs in Queensland south from Hervey Bay, the eastern half of New South Wales, most of Victoria apart from the alps and far north west of that state. It also occurs in south-eastern South Australia and Tasmania. It grows in a wide range of habitats including heath, scrubland, woodland and forest, preferring well-drained soil. It often survives land clearing. Caladenia carnea Caladenia carnea, commonly known as pink fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to eastern and south-eastern Australia, including Tasmania. It has a single thin, green leaf and", "title": "Caladenia carnea" }, { "id": "20121652", "text": "tip is a small yellow triangle with a few blunt teeth on its sides. Flowering occurs in October. The pygmy finger orchid was first formally described in 1927 by Richard Sanders Rogers who gave it the name \"Caladenia carnea\" var. \"pygmaea\". In 2014 Robert Bates changed the name to \"Caladenia pygmaea\" and published the change in \"Australian Orchid Review\". The specific epithet (\"pygmaea\") is a Latin word meaning \"dwarf\" or \"pygmy\". \"Caladenia pygmaea\" occurs in the south-east of South Australia where it grows in hard, but well-drained soil in woodland. Caladenia pygmaea Caladenia pygmaea, commonly known as the pygmy finger", "title": "Caladenia pygmaea" }, { "id": "1430365", "text": "so targeted to help individuals with erectile dysfunction or decreased male libido. Boesenbergia rotunda Boesenbergia rotunda, commonly known as Chinese keys, fingerroot, lesser galangal or Chinese ginger, is a medicinal and culinary herb from China and Southeast Asia. In English, the root has traditionally been called fingerroot, because the shape of the rhizome resembles that of fingers growing out of a center piece. Fingerroot is a kind of ginger (Zingiberaceae). It is an annual crop and indigenous to southern Yunnan Province, China, to west Malaysia. Tropical rain forest is where this fingerroot grows. It has underground trunk, which is called", "title": "Boesenbergia rotunda" }, { "id": "20087387", "text": "teeth and each side and two rows of yellow calli in the centre of the labellum. Flowering occurs in May to July. \"Caladenia chamaephylla\" was first formally described by David Jones in 1999 and the description was published in \"The Orchadian\" from a specimen collected near Cooktown. The specific epithet (chamaephylla) is derived from the Ancient Greek words χαμαί \"chamai\" meaning \"on the ground\" and φύλλον \"phyllon\" meaning \"leaf\". Redleaf fingers grows in open forest among low shrubs in a small area south of Cooktown. Caladenia chamaephylla Caladenia chamaephylla, commonly known as redleaf fingers, is a plant in the orchid", "title": "Caladenia chamaephylla" }, { "id": "16426872", "text": "\"The Victorian Naturalist\". In 1989 Mark Clements raised the variety to species status and published the change in \"Australian Orchid Research\". The specific epithet (\"picta\") is a Latin word meaning \"painted\". Painted fingers is found in coastal districts of New South Wales, south from the Newcastle where it grows in eucalyptus woodland or forest. Caladenia picta Caladenia picta, commonly known as painted fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has a single, sparsely hairy leaf and a single white or pink flower with a greenish-white back. Unlike many other caladenias, it flowers in autumn. \"Caladenia", "title": "Caladenia picta" }, { "id": "16100048", "text": "Cladostemon Cladostemon kirkii (\"klados\" - a branch, \"stemon\" - a stamen), commonly known as the three-finger bush, is a small deciduous tree belonging to the Capparaceae or caper family. It is a genus that has only this one species (monotypic). It is distributed through Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Swaziland and KwaZulu-Natal in Southern Africa. The species is named after Sir John Kirk (1832-1922), David Livingstone's companion on his Zambezi expedition of 1858 and the first European collector of the plant near Tete in Mozambique. \"Cladostemon kirki\" has leaves that are trifoliolate with obovate leaflets that are glabrous with", "title": "Cladostemon" }, { "id": "10193208", "text": "Rhapis excelsa Rhapis excelsa, also known as broadleaf lady palm or bamboo palm, is a species of fan palm (Arecaceae subfamily Coryphoideae, tribe Corypheae) in the genus \"Rhapis\", probably native to southern China and Taiwan. It is not known in the wild; all known plants come from cultivated groups in China. They were first collected by the Japanese for Tokugawa shogunate palaces, then popularity spread to Europe, and later to America where its low light and humidity requirements make it a common feature in malls and offices. The genus name is Greek - \"rhapis\", meaning \"needle\"; and the species name", "title": "Rhapis excelsa" }, { "id": "18763099", "text": "Alstroemeria pulchella Alstroemeria pulchella is a South American species of flowering plant in the family Alstroemeriaceae. It is native to Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay but widely cultivated as an ornamental and escaped into the wild in Australia (New South Wales and Norfolk Island), New Zealand, Madeira, the Canary Islands, and the southeastern United States (eastern Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida). Common names include Peruvian lily, parrot flower, parrot lily, lily of the Incas, princess lily, and New Zealand Christmas bell. \"Alstroemeria pulchella\" is a perennial herb with underground tubers. Flowers grow in umbels of 3-8 flowers. They can", "title": "Alstroemeria pulchella" }, { "id": "18547977", "text": "Sterculia urens Sterculia urens is a species of plant in the family Malvaceae. It is native to India and has been introduced into Burma. A small to medium-sized tree with a pale-coloured trunk, it is commonly known as the भुत्या in Marathi (meaning ghost tree), kulu, Indian tragacanth, gum karaya, katira, sterculia gum or kateera gum. The specific name \"urens\" refers to the stinging hairs present on the flowers. \"Sterculia urens\" var. \"thorelii\" is an accepted name according to the Catalogue of Life and found in Vietnam, where it is known as \"bảy thưa Thorel\". Synonyms of \"S.u. thorelii\" are:", "title": "Sterculia urens" }, { "id": "20080384", "text": "Caladenia vulgaris Caladenia vulgaris, commonly known as summer fingers, or slender pink-fingers is a species of orchid endemic to southern Australia. It has a single, long, erect, hairy leaf and one or two pink or whitish flowers. \"Caladenia vulgaris\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and which usually grows as solitary plants. It has a single hairy, dark green leaf, 150–270 mm long, 2–3 mm wide which is red near its base. One or two dull pinkish to white flowers about 12 mm wide are borne on a stalk 150–360 mm tall. The backs of the", "title": "Caladenia vulgaris" }, { "id": "3630768", "text": "Persicaria maculosa Persicaria maculosa (syn. \"Polygonum persicaria\") is an annual plant in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae. Common names include lady's thumb, spotted lady's thumb, Jesusplant, and redshank. It is widespread across Eurasia from Iceland south to Portugal and east to Japan. It is also present as an introduced and invasive species in North America, where it was first noted in the Great Lakes region in 1843 and has now spread through most of the continent. The oldest name available for this species is \"Polygonum persicaria\", coined by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. In transferring the species from \"Polygonum\" to \"Persicaria\", the", "title": "Persicaria maculosa" }, { "id": "831110", "text": "popular culture. Camellia Camellia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are 100–300 described species, with some controversy over the exact number. There are also around 3,000 hybrids. The genus was named by Linnaeus after the Jesuit botanist Georg Joseph Kamel, who worked in the Philippines and described a species of camellia (although Linnaeus did not refer to Kamel's account when discussing the genus). Camellias are famous throughout East Asia; they are known as \"cháhuā\" (茶花, 'tea flower') in Chinese,", "title": "Camellia" }, { "id": "16809200", "text": "open forest, woodland and coastal scrub in a range of soil types. It is mostly only found on the drier western side of the Great Dividing Range. It has also been recorded in New Zealand. Caladenia fuscata Caladenia fuscata, commonly known as dusky fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to eastern and south-eastern Australia, including Tasmania. It is a small ground orchid found in eucalyptus woodland and which flowers in September and October. \"Caladenia fuscata\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single, sparsely hairy, narrow linear leaf, long", "title": "Caladenia fuscata" }, { "id": "3360955", "text": "Camellia sinensis Camellia sinensis is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree whose leaves and leaf buds are used to produce tea. It is of the genus \"Camellia\" () of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. Common names include \"tea plant\", \"tea shrub\", and \"tea tree\" (not to be confused with \"Melaleuca alternifolia\", the source of tea tree oil, or \"Leptospermum scoparium\", the New Zealand Tea Tree). \"Camellia sinensis\" var. \"sinensis\" and \"Camellia sinensis\" var. \"assamica\", are two major varieties grown today. White tea, yellow tea, green tea, oolong, dark tea (which includes pu-erh tea) and black tea are", "title": "Camellia sinensis" }, { "id": "1568842", "text": "eye. In Greek the gesture was known as the \"katapygon\" (\"κατάπυγον\", from \"kata\" – κατά, \"downwards\" and \"pugē\" – πυγή, \"rump, buttocks\"). In ancient Greek comedy, the finger was a gesture of insult toward another person, with the term \"katapugon\" also referring to \"a male who submits to anal penetration\" or \"katapygaina\" to a female. In Aristophanes's comedy \"The Clouds\" (423 BC), when the character Socrates is quizzing his student on poetic meters, Strepsiades declares that he knows quite well what a dactyl is, and gives the finger. The gesture is a visual pun on the two meanings of the", "title": "The finger" }, { "id": "8156560", "text": "Citrus australasica Citrus australasica, the Australian finger lime or caviar lime, is a thorny understorey shrub or small tree of lowland subtropical rainforest and rainforest in the coastal border region of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. It has edible fruits which are under development as a potential new commercial crop. According to the Swingle system it is not part of the genus citrus, but in a related genus \"Microcitrus\". The plant is in height. Leaves are small, long and wide, glabrous, with a notched tip and crenate towards the apex. Flowers are white with petals long. The fruit is", "title": "Citrus australasica" }, { "id": "10607759", "text": "Wedelia Wedelia is a flowering plant genus in the sunflower family. They are one of the genera commonly called \"creeping-oxeyes\". The genus is named in honor of German botanist and physician Georg Wolfgang Wedel, 1645–1721. There are difficulties regarding the classification of this genus for its affinities are uncertain. Further studies are needed to clarify its taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships. Many species were once considered part of \"Wedelia\" but have been now transferred to other genera, including \"Angelphytum, Aspilia, Baltimora, Blainvillea, Chrysogonum, Eclipta, Elaphandra, Eleutheranthera, Guizotia, Heliopsis, Kingianthus, Lasianthaea, Melampodium, Melanthera, Moonia, Sphagneticola, Synedrella, Tuberculocarpus, Verbesina, Viguiera, Villanova, Wollastonia\" and", "title": "Wedelia" }, { "id": "5269660", "text": "as an annual plant, crabgrass dies off in autumn and needs open conditions for its germination the following spring. Digitaria Digitaria is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and warm temperate regions. Common names include crabgrass, finger-grass, and fonio. They are slender monocotyledonous annual and perennial lawn, pasture, and forage plants; some are often considered lawn pests. \"Digitus\" is the Latin word for \"finger\", and they are distinguished by the long, finger-like inflorescences they produce. \"Digitaria\" species occur in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of both hemispheres. Though some \"Digitaria\" species are weeds, others have", "title": "Digitaria" }, { "id": "20121650", "text": "Caladenia pygmaea Caladenia pygmaea, commonly known as the pygmy finger orchid is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single erect, sparsely hairy leaf and a single pink flower with red stripes on the labellum. It was formerly known as a variety of \"Caladenia carnea\". \"Caladenia pygmaea\", is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, sparsely hairy leaf, 20–30 mm long and 2–3 mm wide. A single flower 5–6 mm wide is borne on a spike 50–100 mm high. The sepals", "title": "Caladenia pygmaea" }, { "id": "3687637", "text": "Little finger The little finger, or pinky finger (in American English), also known as the fifth digit, or pinkie, is the most ulnar and smallest finger of the human hand, opposite the thumb, and next to the ring finger. The word \"pinky\" is derived from the Dutch word \"pink\", meaning \"little finger\". In some places \"pinky\" is also a traditional name for the smallest (youngest) child in a family (especially, when father and mother have 3 children). The earliest recorded use of the term pinkie is in Scotland in 1808, There are nine muscles that control the fifth digit: Three", "title": "Little finger" }, { "id": "19853063", "text": "soil in coastal forest and shrubland. It is probably the most common \"Caladenia\" in the Sydney region. Caladenia catenata Caladenia catenata, commonly known as white caladenia, white fingers and lady's fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and one or two white, sometimes pink flowers on a thin, sparsely-hairy stem. It is similar to \"Caladenia carnea\" but lacks the red and white bars on the labellum of that species. \"Caladenia catenata\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with", "title": "Caladenia catenata" }, { "id": "466325", "text": "Zingiberaceae Zingiberaceae () or the ginger family is a family of flowering plants made up of about 50 genera with a total of about 1600 known species of aromatic perennial herbs with creeping horizontal or tuberous rhizomes distributed throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Many of the family's species are important ornamental, spice, or medicinal plants. Ornamental genera include the shell gingers (\"Alpinia\"), Siam or summer tulip (\"Curcuma alismatifolia\"), \"Globba\", ginger lily (\"Hedychium\"), \"Kaempferia\", torch-ginger \"Etlingera elatior\", \"Renealmia\", and ginger (\"Zingiber\"). Spices include ginger (\"Zingiber\"), galangal or Thai ginger (\"Alpinia galanga\" and others), melegueta pepper (\"Aframomum melegueta\"), myoga (\"Zingiber", "title": "Zingiberaceae" }, { "id": "7896292", "text": "Sansevieria Sansevieria is a genus of about 70 species of flowering plants, native to Africa, Madagascar and southern Asia. Common names include mother-in-law's tongue, devil's tongue, jinn's tongue, bow string hemp, snake plant and snake tongue. It is often included in the genus \"Dracaena\"; in the APG III classification system, both genera are placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae). It has also been placed in the former family Dracaenaceae. There is great variation within the genus, and species range from succulent desert plants such as \"Sansevieria pinguicula\" to thinner leafed tropical plants such as \"Sansevieria", "title": "Sansevieria" }, { "id": "3952576", "text": "Index finger The index finger (also referred to as forefinger, first finger, pointer finger, trigger finger, digitus secundus, digitus II, and many other terms), is the first finger and the second digit of a human hand. It is located between the first and third digits, between the thumb and the middle finger. It is usually the most dextrous and sensitive finger of the hand, though not the longest – it is shorter than the middle finger, and may be shorter or longer than the ring finger – see digit ratio. \"Index finger\" literally means \"pointing finger\", from the same Latin", "title": "Index finger" }, { "id": "7708652", "text": "Pulmonaria officinalis Pulmonaria officinalis, common names lungwort, common lungwort, Mary's tears or Our Lady's milk drops, is a herbaceous rhizomatous evergreen perennial plant of the genus \"Pulmonaria\", belonging to the family Boraginaceae The genus name comes from the Latin \"Pulmoa\" meaning \"lung\" and was first used by Leonhart Fuchs (1501 – 1566), a German physician and one of the three founding fathers of botany. The species has been named \"officinalis\" by Carl Linnaeus for the medical properties of these plants, used since the Middle Ages to treat coughs and diseases of the chest, because of the doctrine of signatures whereby", "title": "Pulmonaria officinalis" }, { "id": "7243638", "text": "accepted as of June 2014: Ponthieva Ponthieva (commonly called shadow witch) is a genus form the orchid family (Orchidaceae). They are named after Henry de Ponthieu, an English merchant of Huguenot ancestry who sent West Indian plant collections to Sir Joseph Banks in 1778. \"Ponthieva\" is widely distributed in the southeastern United States, the West Indies, and Latin America from Mexico to Argentina. They are mainly terrestrial plants with sympodial growth, but some are epiphytes. Their fibrous root show long and soft hairs. Some of the branches are thickened. The simple stem grows from rhizomes and carries thin, basal leaves", "title": "Ponthieva" }, { "id": "20089334", "text": "south-east Queensland but there are also records from the southern tablelands of New South Wales. \"Caladenia gracillima\" is listed as of \"least concern\" in Queensland. Caladenia gracillima Caladenia gracillima, commonly known as pretty fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It has a single leaf and up to three bright pink flowers. The type specimen was collected at Yandina in southern Queensland but there are also records from southern New South Wales. \"Caladenia gracillima\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single leaf, 90–150 mm long and 2–3 mm wide. Up to", "title": "Caladenia gracillima" }, { "id": "889729", "text": "total annual world production of dates amounts to 8.5 million metric tons, countries of the Middle East and North Africa being the largest producers. The species name \"dactylifera\" \"date-bearing\" comes from the Greek words \"daktylos\" (δάκτυλος), which means \"date\" (also \"finger\"), and \"fero\" (φέρω), which means \"I bear\". The fruit is known as a date. The fruit's English name (through Old French), as well as the Latin both come from the Greek word for \"finger\", \"dáktulos\", because of the fruit's elongated shape. Fossil records show that the date palm has existed for at least 50 million years. Dates have been", "title": "Date palm" }, { "id": "18123779", "text": "Acropora humilis Acropora humilis, also known as finger coral, is a species of acroporid coral found in the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea, the northern and southwestern Indian Ocean, Australia, the central Indo-Pacific, Japan, southeast Asia, the East China Sea, the central and western Pacific Ocean, the Johnston Atoll and the northwestern Hawaiian Islands. It also occurs in the Raja Ampat Islands, Mariana Islands, Palau, and the Pitcairn Islands. Occurring in tropical shallow reefs on upper reef flats and slopes at depths of up to , it was described by Dana in 1846. The species is found in digitate", "title": "Acropora humilis" }, { "id": "4492471", "text": "by his first wife, Vivian, and three grandsons. The Ghost and... books: The Case of... books: Collected volumes: Collected volumes: Duncan Ball Duncan Ball (born February 1941) is an American-born Australian author who has written the children's series \"Selby\" (about a talking dog named Selby who tries to keep his secret away from his owners) and \"Emily Eyefinger\" (about a girl who has an eye on her finger). He also writes under the name of John St Claire. Duncan was born in February 1941 in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, and was one of three children. When he was four, his", "title": "Duncan Ball" }, { "id": "678565", "text": "Erythronium Erythronium (fawn lily, trout lily, dog's-tooth violet, adder's tongue) is a genus of Eurasian and North American plants in the lily family, most closely related to tulips. The name Erythronium derives from Ancient Greek () \"red\" in Greek, referring to the red flowers of \"E. dens-canis\". \"Erythronium\" includes about 20–30 species of hardy spring-flowering perennial plants with long, tooth-like bulbs. Slender stems carry pendent flowers with recurved tepals in shades of cream, yellow, pink and mauve. Species are native to forests and meadows in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Two species names were coined using the name \"Erythronium\"", "title": "Erythronium" }, { "id": "15605198", "text": "Oxalis glabra Oxalis glabra is a member of the wood-sorrel family, Oxalidaceae. It is only one of the 800 total species belonging to this family. The plant is commonly known as \"finger-leaf\" due to its trifoliate leaf structure. This trifoliate structure can be seen in variations throughout all members of the \"Oxalis\" genus. However, the particularly narrow leaflets of the glabra plant look more like fingers rather than a common clover. The plant is native to South Africa and can be found carpeting the ground of woodlands and bushlands. The entire plant height measures at 15 cm high and spreads", "title": "Oxalis glabra" }, { "id": "15605205", "text": "Oxalis glabra Oxalis glabra is a member of the wood-sorrel family, Oxalidaceae. It is only one of the 800 total species belonging to this family. The plant is commonly known as \"finger-leaf\" due to its trifoliate leaf structure. This trifoliate structure can be seen in variations throughout all members of the \"Oxalis\" genus. However, the particularly narrow leaflets of the glabra plant look more like fingers rather than a common clover. The plant is native to South Africa and can be found carpeting the ground of woodlands and bushlands. The entire plant height measures at 15 cm high and spreads", "title": "Oxalis glabra" }, { "id": "20028380", "text": "Caladenia mentiens Caladenia mentiens, commonly known as lesser fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia which grows singly, or in small, loose groups. It has a single, sparsely hairy, erect, linear leaf and a single whitish or pinkish coloured flower with a darker back and a cream-coloured labellum. \"Caladenia mentiens\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, dark green, sparsely hairy, linear leaf, long and about wide. A single whitish or pinkish flower long and wide is borne on a stalk tall. The backs of the sepals and petals are", "title": "Caladenia mentiens" }, { "id": "7708656", "text": "stony or pure clay loam soils, at an altitude of above sea level. Pulmonaria officinalis Pulmonaria officinalis, common names lungwort, common lungwort, Mary's tears or Our Lady's milk drops, is a herbaceous rhizomatous evergreen perennial plant of the genus \"Pulmonaria\", belonging to the family Boraginaceae The genus name comes from the Latin \"Pulmoa\" meaning \"lung\" and was first used by Leonhart Fuchs (1501 – 1566), a German physician and one of the three founding fathers of botany. The species has been named \"officinalis\" by Carl Linnaeus for the medical properties of these plants, used since the Middle Ages to treat", "title": "Pulmonaria officinalis" }, { "id": "4330070", "text": "Adenophora Adenophora is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, the bellflowers. Plants of this genus are known commonly as ladybells. Most are native to eastern Asia, with a few in Europe. Many are endemic to either China or Siberia. These plants are perennial herbs, often with thick, fleshy roots. The stem usually grows erect from a caudex. There are usually several basal leaves borne on long petioles. The leaves on the stem are alternately arranged in most species. Flowers are solitary or borne in cymes. The corolla of the flower is bell-shaped, funnel-shaped, or tubular, with five", "title": "Adenophora" }, { "id": "2525200", "text": "floral bracts. Some plants have been aged in excess of 30 years old. \"Dactylanthus\" prefers damp but not waterlogged soil, and is often found at the head of small streams. It parasitises about 30 species of native hardwood trees and shrubs, preferring those growing in secondary forest on the margin of mature podocarp forest. Common hosts include pate or seven-finger (\"Schefflera digitata\"), five-finger (\"Pseudopanax arboreus\"), lemonwood (\"Pittosporum eugenioides\"), and putaputaweta (\"Carpodetus serratus\"). Plants are either male or female. They flower between February and May and are primarily pollinated by the native short-tailed bat. Analysis of fossil coprolites suggest the kakapo", "title": "Dactylanthus taylorii" }, { "id": "20083256", "text": "droughts and lack of fire. A photograph taken in 2011 was confirmed as a sighting. There are slight differences between the orchids in Telowie Gorge and those on Mount Remarkable and it may be that in the future they are recognised as separate species. \"Caladenia xantholeuca\" is classified as \"endangered\" under the Australian Government \"Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999\" and as \"endangered\" under the South Australian National Parks and Wildlife Act. Caladenia xantholeuca Caladenia xantholeuca, commonly known as Flinders fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to South Australia. It has a single erect, hairy leaf and up", "title": "Caladenia xantholeuca" }, { "id": "19995349", "text": "Caladenia hillmanii Caladenia hillmanii, commonly known as purple-heart fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a ground orchid with a single leaf and one or two bright pink flowers with a reddish-purple labellum with darker bars. \"Caladenia hillmanii\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single, sparsely hairy, dark green linear leaf, long and wide. One or two bright pink flowers about across are borne on a spike tall. The backs of the sepals and petals are greenish and densely covered with brownish glands.", "title": "Caladenia hillmanii" }, { "id": "4187575", "text": "Galium odoratum Galium odoratum, the sweetscented bedstraw, is a flowering perennial plant in the family Rubiaceae, native to much of Europe from Spain and Ireland to Russia, as well as Western Siberia, Turkey, Iran, the Caucasus, China and Japan. It is also sparingly naturalized in scattered locations in the United States and Canada. It is widely cultivated for its flowers and its sweet-smelling foliage. A herbaceous plant, it grows to long, often lying flat on the ground or supported by other plants. Its vernacular names include woodruff, sweet woodruff, and wild baby's breath; master of the woods would be a", "title": "Galium odoratum" }, { "id": "4330071", "text": "lobes. The corollas of most species are blue. There is a characteristic nectar disc at the base of the stamens. There are about 62 species in the genus. Species include: Many \"Adenophora\" species have been used in traditional Chinese medicine. Adenophora Adenophora is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, the bellflowers. Plants of this genus are known commonly as ladybells. Most are native to eastern Asia, with a few in Europe. Many are endemic to either China or Siberia. These plants are perennial herbs, often with thick, fleshy roots. The stem usually grows erect from a caudex.", "title": "Adenophora" }, { "id": "12207208", "text": "Mimusops elengi Mimusops elengi is a medium-sized evergreen tree found in tropical forests in South Asia, Southeast Asia and northern Australia. English common names include Spanish cherry, medlar, and bullet wood. Its timber is valuable, the fruit is edible, and it is used in traditional medicine. As the trees give thick shade and flowers emit fragrance, it is a prized collection of gardens. Its flower is the provincial flower of Yala Province, Thailand. Bullet wood is an evergreen tree reaching a height of about . It flowers in April, and fruiting occurs in June. Leaves are glossy, dark green, oval-shaped,", "title": "Mimusops elengi" }, { "id": "20083253", "text": "Caladenia xantholeuca Caladenia xantholeuca, commonly known as Flinders fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to South Australia. It has a single erect, hairy leaf and up to four white flowers with green backs. There are two populations which are isolated from each other and may prove, with further research to be separate species. \"Caladenia xantholeuca\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single hairy, bright green leaf, 150–240 mm long and 5–7 mm wide. Up to four white flowers with green backs and 17–24 mm long and 20-30 wide are borne on a stalk", "title": "Caladenia xantholeuca" }, { "id": "9280282", "text": "Paronychia (plant) Paronychia is a genus of plants in the pink family with over 110 species worldwide, mostly from warm-temperate North America, Eurasia, South America and Africa. They are herbs that are annual or biennial or perennial in life span. Some species have a woody base. For the most part they have small, white to yellow-white colored flowers that are often hidden within the paired bracts. The genus \"Siphonychia\" has been incorporated into \"Paronychia\" by botanists. The common names for some of the species include chickweed, nailwort, and Whitlow-wort. The genus gets its name from the disease of the fingernails", "title": "Paronychia (plant)" }, { "id": "18547982", "text": "eaten. Sterculia urens Sterculia urens is a species of plant in the family Malvaceae. It is native to India and has been introduced into Burma. A small to medium-sized tree with a pale-coloured trunk, it is commonly known as the भुत्या in Marathi (meaning ghost tree), kulu, Indian tragacanth, gum karaya, katira, sterculia gum or kateera gum. The specific name \"urens\" refers to the stinging hairs present on the flowers. \"Sterculia urens\" var. \"thorelii\" is an accepted name according to the Catalogue of Life and found in Vietnam, where it is known as \"bảy thưa Thorel\". Synonyms of \"S.u. thorelii\"", "title": "Sterculia urens" }, { "id": "20038081", "text": "south-eastern corner of that state, especially on the Yorke Peninsula and Kangaroo Island and in Tasmania it grows in coastal areas, including on King and Flinders Islands. In New Zealand it grows in scrub on the North Island. \"Caladenia pusilla\" is listed as \"rare\" under the Tasmanian Government \"Threatened Species Protection Act 1995\". Caladenia pusilla Caladenia pusilla, commonly known as tiny fingers, pygmy caladenia, tiny caladenia or pink fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is native to Australia and New Zealand. It is a ground orchid with a single erect, sparsely hairy leaf and a single", "title": "Caladenia pusilla" }, { "id": "20028382", "text": "for a short period, sometimes not at all. \"Caladenia mentiens\" was first described in 1998 by David Jones from a specimen collected in the Carr Villa Flora Reserve in Launceston and the description was published in \"Australian Orchid Research\". The specific epithet (\"mentiens\") is a Latin word meaning \"counterfeiting\" or \"imitating\", referring to the similarity of this species to \"C. minor\" and \"C. pusilla\". Lesser fingers occurs in New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and on King Island and Flinders Island. It grows in dense forests near the coast in Tasmania and in forest and heath in Victoria. It is poorly", "title": "Caladenia mentiens" }, { "id": "10198983", "text": "down. Spearfinger Spearfinger, or U'tlun'ta, is a figure in Cherokee legend that lived along the eastern side of Tennessee and western part of North Carolina. \"U'tlun'ta\" translates from Cherokee to \"she had it sharp\", which refers to the sharp finger on her right hand. Sometimes, she was called Nûñ'yunu'ï, which means \"Stone-dress\". This name is from her stone-like skin. Her sharp finger is said to be her forefinger on her right hand. The sharp finger resembled a spear or obsidian knife, which she used to cut her victims. Her mouth was stained with blood from the livers she ate. Often", "title": "Spearfinger" }, { "id": "15288398", "text": "Neonauclea Neonauclea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises about 65 species. Three of these were described as recently as 2008. \"Neonauclea\" is a genus of shrubs and trees They are indigenous to China, India, Southeast Asia, and Indonesia. \"Neonauclea tsaiana\" has some limited use as lumber. \"Neonauclea\" was named in 1915 by Elmer Drew Merrill. The generic name is derived from the related genus \"Nauclea\" and the Greek word \"neos\", meaning \"new\". The biological type for \"Neonauclea\" consists of those specimens that Merrill called \"Neonauclea obtusa\". These are now included in \"Neonauclea excelsa\". The", "title": "Neonauclea" }, { "id": "20021201", "text": "Caladenia ornata Caladenia ornata, commonly known as ornate pink fingers is a species of orchid endemic to Victoria. It has a single leaf and one or two bright pink flowers with greenish-pink backs, and a dark pink labellum with dark red bars. \"Caladenia ornata\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single leaf, long and wide. One or two bright pink flowers, long and wide are borne on a stalk tall. The flowers have a greenish-pink back covered with glandular hairs and are sometimes white in the centre of the front. The dorsal sepal is", "title": "Caladenia ornata" }, { "id": "10469045", "text": "awarded a Certificate of Merit by the Botanical Society of America, and she was declared one of 69 distinguished American botanists by the Society in 1961. In 1966, Braun received the Eloise Payne Luquer Medal for special achievement in botany from the Garden Club of America. She is remembered in the names of four plants: Ageratina luciae-brauniae, Erigeron pulchellus var. \"brauniae\", Silphium terebinthinaceum var. \"luciae-brauniae\", and Viola \"x brauniae\". Emma Lucy Braun E. Lucy Braun (April 19, 1889 – March 5, 1971) was a prominent botanist, ecologist, and expert on the forests of the eastern United States who was a", "title": "Emma Lucy Braun" }, { "id": "1568840", "text": "Western World. Many cultures use similar gestures to display their disrespect, although others use it to express pointing without intentional disrespect toward other cultures. The gesture is usually used to express contempt but can also be used humorously or playfully. The gesture dates back to Ancient Greece and it was also used in Ancient Rome. Historically, it represented the phallus. In some modern cultures, it has gained increasing recognition as a sign of disrespect, and has been used by music artists (notably more common among hardcore punk bands and rappers), actors, celebrities, athletes, and politicians. Most still view the gesture", "title": "The finger" }, { "id": "17234691", "text": "Arum palaestinum Arum palaestinum is a species of flowering herbaceous perennial plant in the family Araceae and the genus \"Arum\" (also known as black calla, Solomon's lily, priest's hood, noo'ah loof and kardi) It is native to the Levant and other parts of the Mediterranean Basin, and has been naturalized in North America, North Africa, Europe, Western Asia, and Australia The \"Araceae\" family includes other well-known plants such as \"Anthurium, Caladium\", and \"Philodendron\". \"Arum palaestinum\" is perhaps best known for it long history in the Middle East as food and for it use in traditional Middle Eastern medicine. It grows", "title": "Arum palaestinum" }, { "id": "4243933", "text": "lancewood', respectively). \"Pseudopanax arboreus\" (common name \"five-finger\") is a very common small tree in New Zealand native forests. \"Pseudopanax simplex\" occurs on the North Island south of the Waihou River; in Westland and other South Island forests; as well as on Stewart Island. Many of the species are popular in New Zealand gardens, but are rather rare in cultivation elsewhere, requiring mild, moist conditions similar to those in New Zealand, without extremes of temperature in winter and summer. They reportedly grow well in Southern California and warmer parts of Great Britain. A number of cultivars have been developed, mostly of", "title": "Pseudopanax" }, { "id": "16426870", "text": "Caladenia picta Caladenia picta, commonly known as painted fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has a single, sparsely hairy leaf and a single white or pink flower with a greenish-white back. Unlike many other caladenias, it flowers in autumn. \"Caladenia picta\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single, sparsely hairy, linear leaf, long and . A single flower long and wide is borne on a stalk tall. The sepals and petals are white to pink on the front, greenish-white on the back and spread fan-like. The dorsal sepal", "title": "Caladenia picta" }, { "id": "20561103", "text": "farting. With built-in microphones and motion sensors, they react differently depending on how you interact with them. They were designed to resemble the pygmy marmoset, an animal that Sydney Wiseman, WowWee's brand manager and niece of the company's owners, has been \"obsessed\" with since childhood. Fingerlings were released in the UK and Canada in the spring of 2017. They launched in the United States in August 2017, where they exploded in popularity. WowWee created exclusive products for major retailers—a glitter-covered monkey for Amazon.com, the sloth for Walmart, and a unicorn for Toys \"R\" Us. The toy became the #1 toy", "title": "Fingerlings (toy)" }, { "id": "7243636", "text": "Ponthieva Ponthieva (commonly called shadow witch) is a genus form the orchid family (Orchidaceae). They are named after Henry de Ponthieu, an English merchant of Huguenot ancestry who sent West Indian plant collections to Sir Joseph Banks in 1778. \"Ponthieva\" is widely distributed in the southeastern United States, the West Indies, and Latin America from Mexico to Argentina. They are mainly terrestrial plants with sympodial growth, but some are epiphytes. Their fibrous root show long and soft hairs. Some of the branches are thickened. The simple stem grows from rhizomes and carries thin, basal leaves with a slight to a", "title": "Ponthieva" }, { "id": "5219142", "text": "Sagittaria Sagittaria is a genus of about 30 species of aquatic plants whose members go by a variety of common names, including arrowhead, duck potato, katniss, \"Omodaka\" (沢瀉 in Japanese), swamp potato, tule potato, and wapato (or wapatoo). Most are native to South, Central, and North America, but there are also some from Europe, Africa, and Asia. Sagittaria plant stock (the perennial rhizome) is a horizontal creeper (stoloniferous) and obliquely obovate, the margins winged, with apical or ventral beak; in other words, they are a small, dry, one-seeded fruit that do not open to release the seed, set on a", "title": "Sagittaria" }, { "id": "10605979", "text": "Cardioglossa pulchra Cardioglossa pulchra is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. It is found in the Cameroon Range in western Cameroon (excluding Mount Cameroon) and in the Obudu Plateau in adjacent eastern Nigeria. Common name black long-fingered frog has been coined for it. Males measure and females in snout–vent length. Males have extremely long third fingers and spines in the fingers and in the groin; females lack these characteristics (though no female specimens of this particular species were inspected). Dorsal markings, typical for the genus \"Cardioglossa\", are fused to a broad black stripe that extends over the entire", "title": "Cardioglossa pulchra" }, { "id": "14733570", "text": "Adiantum hispidulum Adiantum hispidulum, commonly known as Rough Maidenhair Fern or five-fingered jack, is a small fern in the family Pteridaceae of widespread distribution. It is found in Africa, Australia, Polynesia, Malesia, New Zealand and other Pacific Islands. Its fronds rise in clumps from rhizomes among rocks or in the soil in sheltered areas. \"Adiantum hispidulum\" was first described by Swedish botanist Olof Swartz in 1802. Its species name is derived from the Latin \"hispis\" \"hair\" and means \"minutely hairy\". Five Fingered Jack is an alternate vernacular name. \"Adiantum hispidulum\" grows in tufts or clumps among rocks or from the", "title": "Adiantum hispidulum" }, { "id": "5195833", "text": "Zantedeschia Zantedeschia is a genus of 8 species of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants in the family Araceae, native to southern Africa from South Africa north to Malawi. The genus has been introduced on all continents except Antarctica. Common names include arum lily for \"Z. aethiopica\" and calla and calla lily for \"Z. elliottiana\" and \"Z. rehmannii\", although members of the genus are neither true lilies of Liliaceae, true \"Arums\", or true \"Callas\" (related genera in Araceae). They are also often confused with \"Anthurium\". The colourful flowers and leaves of both species and cultivars are greatly valued and commonly grown as", "title": "Zantedeschia" }, { "id": "11387536", "text": "the Nerviliinae. The genus \"Nervilia\" was first formally described in 1827 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré after an unpublished description by Philibert Commerson. The description was published in his book \"Voyage autour du monde\". The name \"Nervilia\" is derived from the Latin word \"nervus\" meaning \"nerve\", referring to the veined leaves. The following is a list of species of \"Nervilia\" recognised by the \"Index Kewensis\" as at 16 August, 2018: Nervilia Nervilia, commonly known as shield orchids, is a genus of orchids with about 80 species widely distributed across most of sub-Saharan Africa, southern Asia (Saudi Arabia, India, China, Japan, Indochina, Indonesia,", "title": "Nervilia" }, { "id": "10784381", "text": "Canthium Canthium is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. They are shrubs and small trees. The leaves are deciduous and the stems are usually thorny. \"Canthium\" species are predominantly found in Southeast Asia, especially in Thailand and the Philippines. A small number of species is found in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. Only a limited number of species is found on the African continent, especially in Southern and East Africa. \"Canthium\" was named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1785 in Encyclopédie Méthodique. The name is a latinisation of \"kantankara\", a Malayalam name from Kerala for \"Canthium coromandelicum\". \"Kantan\"", "title": "Canthium" }, { "id": "11124978", "text": "Caryota urens Caryota urens is a species of flowering plant in the palm family from the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia where they grow in fields and rainforest clearings. The epithet \"urens\" is Latin for \"stinging\" alluding to the chemicals in the fruit. They are commonly called solitary fishtail palm, toddy palm, wine palm, jaggery palm. කිතුල් - Kithul in Sinhala, கூந்தற்பனை - Koonthal Panai in Tamil, ಬೈನೆ ಮರ in Kannada, ചൂണ്ടപ്പന - Choondappana in Malayalam চাউর in Bengali. Its leaf is used as fishing rod after trimming the branches of the leaf and drying. According to Monier-Williams, it is", "title": "Caryota urens" }, { "id": "20028383", "text": "known throughout its range, is easily overlooked and may be widespread. Caladenia mentiens Caladenia mentiens, commonly known as lesser fingers, is a species of orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia which grows singly, or in small, loose groups. It has a single, sparsely hairy, erect, linear leaf and a single whitish or pinkish coloured flower with a darker back and a cream-coloured labellum. \"Caladenia mentiens\" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, dark green, sparsely hairy, linear leaf, long and about wide. A single whitish or pinkish flower long and wide is borne on", "title": "Caladenia mentiens" }, { "id": "3405206", "text": "Konjac Konjac (or konjak, ) is a common name of the Asian plant Amorphophallus konjac (syn. \"A. rivieri\"), which has an edible corm (bulbo-tuber). It is also known as konjaku, konnyaku potato, devil's tongue, voodoo lily, snake palm, or elephant yam (though this name is also used for \"A. paeoniifolius\"). It is native to Yunnan in China and cultivated in warm subtropical to tropical eastern Asia, from Japan and China south to Indonesia (USDA hardiness zone 6-11). It is a perennial plant, growing from a large corm up to 25 cm (10 in) in diameter. The single leaf is up", "title": "Konjac" }, { "id": "12832041", "text": "Calochortus tolmiei Calochortus tolmiei is a North American species of flowering plant in the lily family known by the common names Tolmie star-tulip and pussy ears. It was discovered by and named for Dr. William Fraser Tolmie. It is native to the west coast of the United States: Washington, Oregon, and northern California as far south as Santa Cruz County, though it is now apparently extinct in Washington. It is a common member of the flora in several types of habitat. \"Calochortus tolmiei\" is a perennial herb producing a slender stem, branched or unbranched, to 40 centimeters in maximum height.", "title": "Calochortus tolmiei" }, { "id": "3952581", "text": "the United States. The index finger pointing up is a sign of teaching authority. This is shown in the depiction of Plato in the School of Athens by Raphael. Index finger The index finger (also referred to as forefinger, first finger, pointer finger, trigger finger, digitus secundus, digitus II, and many other terms), is the first finger and the second digit of a human hand. It is located between the first and third digits, between the thumb and the middle finger. It is usually the most dextrous and sensitive finger of the hand, though not the longest – it is", "title": "Index finger" } ]	what is the botanical name of lady finger
[ "Baghdad", "Raqqa", "Samarra" ]	[ { "id": "17162133", "text": "and Kufa to Mecca, levelled the surface and built walls and ditches in some areas, and built stations for the pilgrims with rooms and a mosque in which to pray. In 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded a new capital of Baghdad on the Tigris, which soon grew to one of the largest cities in the world. In 836 the caliph al-Mu'tasim transferred the capital to Samarra. The Abbasids began to lose control over the outlying parts of the empire, with local dynasties gaining effective independence in Khorasan (Samanids) in eastern Iran, Egypt (Tulunids) and Ifriqiya (Aghlabids). The caliph al-Mu'tamid, by", "title": "Abbasid architecture" }, { "id": "607097", "text": "Euphrates. Finally, in 836, al-Mu'tasim moved the capital to a new site that he created along the Tigris, called Samarra. This city saw 60 years of work, with race-courses and game preserves to add to the atmosphere. Due to the dry remote nature of the environment, some of the palaces built in this era were isolated havens. Al-Ukhaidir Fortress is a fine example of this type of building which has stables, living quarters, and a mosque, all surrounding inner courtyards. Other mosques of this era, such as the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, in Cairo, and the Great Mosque of Kairouan", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "607058", "text": "were also eliminated. Immediately after their victory, As-Saffah sent his forces to Central Asia, where his forces fought against Tang expansion during the Battle of Talas. The noble Iranian family Barmakids, who were instrumental in building Baghdad, introduced the world's first recorded paper mill in the city, thus beginning a new era of intellectual rebirth in the Abbasid domain. As-Saffah focused on putting down numerous rebellions in Syria and Mesopotamia. The Byzantines conducted raids during these early distractions. The first change the Abbasids, under Al-Mansur, made was to move the empire's capital from Damascus, in Syria, to Baghdad in Iraq.", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "739031", "text": "end of the Arab empire and the beginning of a more inclusive, multiethnic state in the Middle East. One of the first changes the Abbasids made after taking power from the Umayyads was to move the empire's capital from Damascus, in the Levant, to Iraq. The latter region was influenced by Persian history and culture, and moving the capital was part of the Persian mawali demand for Arab influence in the empire. The city of Baghdad was constructed on the Tigris River, in 762, to serve as the new Abbasid capital. The Abbasids established the position of vizier like Barmakids", "title": "History of Iran" }, { "id": "17162134", "text": "now the effective ruler only of Iraq, moved his capital back to Baghdad in 889. In 945 the Buyids, followers of Shia Islam, became effective rulers as amirs, while the Abbasid caliphs retained their nominal title. With Caliph al-Nasir (1179-1225) the Abbasids once again gained control of Iraq, but the sack of Baghdad by the Mongols in 1258 brought the Abbasid caliphate to an end. Early Abbasid architecture was very similar to the architecture of the Sassanid Empire, as exemplified by the Palace of Ukhaidhir. It used the same techniques, the same materials of mud brick, baked brick and rough", "title": "Abbasid architecture" }, { "id": "607096", "text": "architecture styles changed also. The Christian styles evolved into a style based more on the Sasanian Empire utilizing mud bricks and baked bricks with carved stucco. Another major development was the creation or vast enlargement of cities as they were turned into the capital of the empire. First, starting with the creation of Baghdad, starting in 762, which was planned as a walled city with a mosque and palace in the center. The walls were to have four gates to exit the city. Al-Mansur, who was responsible for the creation of Baghdad, also planned the city of Raqqa, along the", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "53699", "text": "11th century, \"Baghdad\" became almost the exclusive name for the world-renowned metropolis. After the fall of the Umayyads, the first Muslim dynasty, the victorious Abbasid rulers wanted their own capital from which they could rule. They chose a site north of the Sassanid capital of Ctesiphon (and also just north of where ancient Babylon had once stood), and on 30 July 762 the caliph Al-Mansur commissioned the construction of the city. It was built under the supervision of the Barmakids. Mansur believed that Baghdad was the perfect city to be the capital of the Islamic empire under the Abbasids. Mansur", "title": "Baghdad" }, { "id": "16018223", "text": "Round city of Baghdad The round city of Baghdad is the original core of Baghdad, built by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur in AD 762–767 as the official residence of the Abbasid court. Its official name in Abbasid times was The City of Peace ( \"Madīnat as-Salām\"). The famous library known as the House of Wisdom was located within its grounds. On 30 July 762, the caliph Al-Mansur commissioned the construction of the round city, and it was built under the supervision of the Barmakids. Mansur believed that Baghdad was the perfect city to be the capital of the Islamic empire", "title": "Round city of Baghdad" }, { "id": "9852600", "text": "the rest of Iraq, and declared themselves as the new caliphate. In 754, the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur briefly held his court at Rumiya (which was included in al-Mada'in). He also had his prominent military officer Abu Muslim Khorasani killed at the same place. In 755, the White Palace of al-Mada'in was destroyed under the orders of al-Mansur, who wanted to create a new city, which would later get completed in 762, and would be known as Baghdad, and would become the new capital of the Abbasid Caliphate (although he ordered the White Palace to be restored, it remained in decay).", "title": "Al-Mada'in" }, { "id": "11247406", "text": "History of Baghdad The history of Baghdad begins when city of Baghdad ( \"\") was founded in the mid 8th century as the Abbasid capital, following the Abbasid victory over the Umayyad Caliphate. It replaced the Sassanid capital of Seleucia-Ctesiphon some 35 km to the south-east, which was mostly depopulated by the end of the 8th century. Baghdad was the center of the Arab caliphate during the \"Golden Age of Islam\" of the 9th and 10th centuries, growing to be the largest city worldwide by the beginning of the 10th century. It began to decline in the \"Iranian Intermezzo\" of", "title": "History of Baghdad" }, { "id": "2033000", "text": "help of four English ships, Abbas retook Hormuz from the Portuguese. He replaced it as a trading centre with a new port, Bandar Abbas, nearby on the mainland, but it never became as successful. Abbas moved his capital from Qazvin to the more central city of Isfahan in 1598. Embellished by a magnificent series of new mosques, baths, colleges, and caravansarais, Isfahan became one of the most beautiful cities in the world. As Roger Savory writes, \"Not since the development of Baghdad in the eighth century A.D. by the Caliph al-Mansur had there been such a comprehensive example of town-planning", "title": "Abbas I of Persia" }, { "id": "2032962", "text": "Iranian rule and influence in the North Caucasus, beyond the traditional territories of Dagestan. Abbas was a great builder and moved his kingdom's capital from Qazvin to Isfahan, making the city the pinnacle of Safavid architecture. In his later years, following a court intrigue involving several leading Circassians, Abbas became suspicious of his own sons and had them killed or blinded. Abbas was born in Herat (now in Afghanistan, then one of the two chief cities of Khorasan) as the third son of the royal prince Mohammad Khodabanda and his wife Khayr al-Nisa Begum (known as \"Mahd-i Ulya\"), the daughter", "title": "Abbas I of Persia" }, { "id": "11247429", "text": "April, the Iraqi Prime Minister, Nouri Maliki, called for construction to be halted on the wall. History of Baghdad The history of Baghdad begins when city of Baghdad ( \"\") was founded in the mid 8th century as the Abbasid capital, following the Abbasid victory over the Umayyad Caliphate. It replaced the Sassanid capital of Seleucia-Ctesiphon some 35 km to the south-east, which was mostly depopulated by the end of the 8th century. Baghdad was the center of the Arab caliphate during the \"Golden Age of Islam\" of the 9th and 10th centuries, growing to be the largest city worldwide", "title": "History of Baghdad" }, { "id": "17162132", "text": "caliphs based in what is now Iraq ruled over Iran, Mesopotamia, Arabia and the lands of the eastern and southern Mediterranean. The period between 750 and 900 has been described as the Islamic Golden Age. Where the Umayyads had typically reused pre-Islamic buildings in the cities they had conquered, by the Abbasid era many of these structures required replacement. The spread of Muslim beliefs had also brought changes in needs. The Abbasids had to erect mosques and palaces, as well as fortifications, houses, commercial buildings and even facilities for racing and polo matches. They upgraded the pilgrim road from Baghdad", "title": "Abbasid architecture" }, { "id": "2032987", "text": "Ottomans in the west. After defeating the Uzbeks, he moved his capital from Qazvin to Isfahan. The Safavids had not yet beaten their archrival, the Ottomans, in battle. After a particularly arrogant series of demands from the Turkish ambassador, the Shah had him seized, had his beard shaved and sent it to his master, the sultan, in Constantinople. This was effectively a declaration of war. In the resulting conflict, Abbas first recaptured Nahavand and destroyed the fortress in the city, which the Ottomans had planned to use as an advance base for attacks on Iran. The next year, Abbas pretended", "title": "Abbas I of Persia" }, { "id": "1733494", "text": "the largest and most beautiful cities in the 17th century world. In 1598 Shah Abbas the Great moved his capital from Qazvin to the more central Isfahan; he name it \"Ispahān\" (New Persian) so that it wouldn't be threatened by the Ottomans. This new status ushered in a golden age for the , with architecture and Persian culture flourishing. In the 16th and 17th centuries, thousands of deportees and migrants from the Caucasus, that Abbas and other Safavid rulers had permitted to emigrate en masse, settled in the city. So now the city had enclaves of Georgian, Circassian, and Daghistani", "title": "Isfahan" }, { "id": "78242", "text": "abandonment of Al Askar and the building of another settlement, which became the seat of government. This was al-Qatta'i (\"the Quarters\"), to the north of Fustat and closer to the river. Al Qatta'i was centred around a palace and ceremonial mosque, now known as the Mosque of ibn Tulun. In 905, the Abbasids re-asserted control of the country and their governor returned to Fustat, razing al-Qatta'i to the ground. Since 1860s, Cairo expanded west as far as what is called now (Midan Opera) In 968, the Fatimids were led by general Jawhar al-Siqilli to establish a new capital for the", "title": "Cairo" }, { "id": "607051", "text": "Abbasid Caliphate The Abbasid Caliphate ( or , \"\") was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH). The Abbasid Caliphate first centred its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "10758333", "text": "to this day. Cairo's bounds grew to eventually encompass the three earlier capitals of al-Fusṭāṭ, al-Qatta'i and al-‘Askar, the remnants of which can today be seen in \"Old Cairo\" in the southern part of the city. Al-Askar al-‘Askar () was the capital of Egypt from 750-868, when Egypt was a province of the Abbasid Caliphate. After the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 641, Rashidun commander Amr ibn al-As established Fustat just north of Coptic Cairo. At Caliph Umar's request, the Egyptian capital was moved from Alexandria to the new city on the eastern side of the Nile. The reach of", "title": "Al-Askar" }, { "id": "78241", "text": "the conqueror Amr ibn As settled to the north of the Babylon in an area that became known as al-Fustat. Originally a tented camp (\"Fustat\" signifies \"City of Tents\") Fustat became a permanent settlement and the first capital of Islamic Egypt. In 750, following the overthrow of the Ummayad caliphate by the Abbasids, the new rulers created their own settlement to the northeast of Fustat which became their capital. This was known as al-Askar (the city of sections, or cantonments) as it was laid out like a military camp. A rebellion in 869 by Ahmad ibn Tulun led to the", "title": "Cairo" }, { "id": "6019092", "text": "of its seven-colour mosaic tiles and calligraphic inscriptions. The mosque is depicted on the reverse of the Iranian 20,000 rials banknote. In 1598, when Shah Abbas decided to move the capital of his Persian empire from the northwestern city of Qazvin to the central city of Isfahan, he initiated what would become one of the greatest programmes in Persian history; the complete remaking of this ancient city. By choosing the central city of Isfahan, fertilized by the Zāyandeh River (\"The \"life-giving river\"\"), lying as an oasis of intense cultivation in the midst of a vast area of arid landscape, he", "title": "Shah Mosque" }, { "id": "4439617", "text": "are on display in Cairo's Museum of Islamic Art. Fustat was the capital of Egypt for approximately 500 years. After the city's founding in 641, its authority was uninterrupted until 750, when the Abbasid dynasty staged a revolt against the Umayyads. This conflict was focused not in Egypt, but elsewhere in the Arab world. When the Abbasids gained power, they moved various capitals to more controllable areas. They had established the centre of their caliphate in Baghdad, moving the capital from its previous Umayyad location at Damascus. Similar moves were made throughout the new dynasty. In Egypt, they moved the", "title": "Fustat" }, { "id": "8970398", "text": "the prophet Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, Ali, moved his capital to Kufa when he became the fourth caliph. The Umayyad Caliphate ruled the province of Iraq from Damascus in the 7th century. (However, eventually there was a separate, independent Caliphate of Córdoba in Iberia.) The Abbasid Caliphate built the city of Baghdad in the 8th century as its capital, and the city became the leading metropolis of the Arab and Muslim world for five centuries. Baghdad was the largest multicultural city of the Middle Ages, peaking at a population of more than a million, and was the centre of learning", "title": "Iraq" }, { "id": "23945", "text": "Abbasids led a revolt against the Umayyads and defeated them in the Battle of the Zab effectively ending their rule in all parts of the Empire with the exception of al-Andalus. In 762, the second Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad and declared it the capital of the Caliphate. Unlike the Umayyads, the Abbasids had the support of non-Arab subjects. The Islamic Golden Age was inaugurated by the middle of the 8th century by the ascension of the Abbasid Caliphate and the transfer of the capital from Damascus to the newly founded city of Baghdad. The Abbassids were", "title": "Arabs" }, { "id": "607054", "text": "Baghdad by the Mongols under Hulagu Khan. The Abbasid line of rulers, and Muslim culture in general, re-centred themselves in the Mamluk capital of Cairo in 1261. Though lacking in political power, the dynasty continued to claim religious authority until after the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in 1517. The Abbasid caliphs were Arabs descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, one of the youngest uncles of Muhammad and of the same Banu Hashim clan. The Abbasids claimed to be the true successors of Prophet Muhammad in replacing the Umayyad descendants of Banu Umayya by virtue of their closer bloodline to Muhammad.", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "17577194", "text": "was to found and direct the kingdom of Beni Abbes. In 1510, as part of the \"Reconquista\", the Spaniards seized Bejaia, which was in the hands of dissident Hafsid emirs. They organized raids in the hinterland from this position. The Berbers of the region sought protection in the interior and took as their new capital the Kalâa of the Beni Abbas, in the heart of the Bibans mountains. This city was an ancient fortified place of the Hammadid era and a staging point on the \"triq sultan\" the commercial route going from Hautes Plaines to Béjaia. Abderahmane, the last of", "title": "Kingdom of Ait Abbas" }, { "id": "10758330", "text": "Al-Askar al-‘Askar () was the capital of Egypt from 750-868, when Egypt was a province of the Abbasid Caliphate. After the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 641, Rashidun commander Amr ibn al-As established Fustat just north of Coptic Cairo. At Caliph Umar's request, the Egyptian capital was moved from Alexandria to the new city on the eastern side of the Nile. The reach of the Umayyads was extensive, stretching from western Spain all the way to eastern China. However, they were overthrown by the Abbasids, who moved the capital of the Umayyad empire itself to Baghdad. In Egypt, this shift", "title": "Al-Askar" }, { "id": "18915832", "text": "had previously held only a marginal role in the Islamic world, were deeply unpopular among the residents of Baghdad, and violent incidents had repeatedly broken out between the soldiers and Baghdadis. Al-Mu'tasim therefore resolved in ca. 835 to depart from Baghdad, the usual seat of the Abbasid caliphs since 762, and create a new capital city of his choosing. Following a period of searching for an ideal spot, al-Mu'tasim settled on a site approximately north of Baghdad on the east side of the Tigris, near the head of the Nahrawan Canal. After sending men to buy up the local properties,", "title": "Abbasid Samarra" }, { "id": "17162135", "text": "stone blocks set in mortar, and followed Sassanian designs. Stone is rare in the central and southern alluvial plains that formed the heartland of Abbasid territory, so many of the buildings were of mud-brick, faced with plaster and frequently repaired or rebuilt. Sometimes fired brick was used. When the caliph al-Mansur built the round city of Baghdad, called \"Madinat al-Salam\", which contained the court's palace, mosque and administrative buildings, he may have been following earlier traditions such as the round city of Gur built by Ardashir I (r. 224-241) at Firuzabad. With the conquest of Central Asia, the influence of", "title": "Abbasid architecture" }, { "id": "15844179", "text": "Hubayrah, the other western town garrisoned by Muhammad's forces, was taken by the Turks shortly after. Following the conquest of al-Anbar, the Samarran army headed to Qasr ibn Hubayrah and intended to expel the Baghdadis stationed there. Instead, its commander decided to flee the town, giving it up to the Turks without resisting. Al-Mada'in, to the south of Baghdad in the direction of Wasit, was a series of settlements lying in the midst of the ancient Persian imperial centers of Ctesiphon and Seleucia. On April 21, on the orders of Muhammad b. 'Abdallah, Abu 'l-Saj Dewdad departed Baghdad for al-Mada'in", "title": "Abbasid civil war (865–866)" }, { "id": "53693", "text": "Baghdad Baghdad (; ) is the capital of Iraq. The population of Baghdad, , is approximately 8,765,000, making it the largest city in Iraq, the second largest city in the Arab world (after Cairo, Egypt), and the second largest city in Western Asia (after Tehran, Iran). Located along the Tigris River, the city was founded in the 8th century and became the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. Within a short time of its inception, Baghdad evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center for the Islamic world. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions (e.g., House of", "title": "Baghdad" }, { "id": "1956275", "text": "which better fit with the Islamic style of prayer. The Abbasid dynasty (750 AD<nowiki>-</nowiki> 1258) witnessed the movement of the capital from Damascus to Baghdad, and then from Baghdad to Samarra. The shift to Baghdad influenced politics, culture, and art. The Great Mosque of Samarra, once the largest in the world, was built for the new capital. Other major mosques built in the Abbasid Dynasty include the Mosque of Ibn Tulun in Cairo, Abu Dalaf in Iraq, the great mosque in Tunis. Abbasid architecture in Iraq as exemplified in the Fortress of Al-Ukhaidir (c.775-6) demonstrated the \"despotic and the pleasure-loving", "title": "Islamic architecture" }, { "id": "12104869", "text": "Islamic caliphates. It was ruled by the Abbasid dynasty of caliphs, who built their capital in Baghdad (Iraq). The Abbasids had depended heavily on the support of Persians in their overthrow of the Umayyads. Abu al-'Abbas' successor, al-Mansur, moved their capital from Damascus to the new city of Baghdad and welcomed non-Arab Muslims to their court. During the reign of its first seven caliphs, Baghdad became a center of power where Arab and Iranian cultures mingled to produce a blaze of philosophical, scientific, and literary glory. This era is remembered throughout the Muslim world, and by Iraqis in particular, as", "title": "Iran–Iraq relations" }, { "id": "1001226", "text": "762 AD, he founded the new imperial residence and palace city Madinat as-Salam (the city of peace), which became the core of the Imperial capital Baghdad. This was in response to a growing concern from the chief towns in Iraq, Basra, and Kufa that there was lack of solidity within the regime after the death of Abu'l `Abbas (later known as as-Saffah). Another reason for the construction of the new capital was the growing need to house and provide stability for a rapidly developing Abbasid bureaucracy forged under the influence of Iranian ideals. Mansur even considered using ruins from the", "title": "Al-Mansur" }, { "id": "4700362", "text": "Palace. Sheikh Lotf Allah Mosque is situated on the eastern side of this square and at the northern side Qeysarie Gate opens into the Isfahan Grand Bazaar. Today, Namaaz-e Jom'eh (the Muslim Friday prayer) is held in the Shah Mosque. The square is depicted on the reverse of the Iranian 20,000 rials banknote. In 1598, when Shah Abbas decided to move the capital of his empire from the north-western city of Qazvin to the central city of Isfahan, he initiated what would become one of the greatest programmes in Persian history; the complete remaking of the city. By choosing the", "title": "Naqsh-e Jahan Square" }, { "id": "171820", "text": "of Isfahan had fallen to them by 1237. With the election of Khan Mongke in 1251, Mongol targeted the Abbasid capital, Baghdad. Mongke's brother, Hulegu, was made leader of the Mongol Army assigned to the task of subduing Baghdad. The fall of Bagdhad in 1258 destroyed what had been the largest city in Islam. The last Abbasid caliph, al-Musta'sim, was captured and killed; and Baghdad was ransacked and destroyed. The cities of Damascus and Aleppo fell in 1260. Plans for the conquest of Egypt were delayed due to the death of Mongke at around the same time. The Abbasid army", "title": "History of Islam" }, { "id": "2033001", "text": "in the Islamic world, and the scope and layout of the city centre clearly reflect its status as the capital of an empire.\" Isfahan became the centre of Safavid architectural achievement, with the mosques Masjed-e Shah and the Masjed-e Sheykh Lotfollah and other monuments including the Ali Qapu, the Chehel Sotoun palace and the Naghsh-i Jahan Square. In making Isfahan the centre of Safavid Empire, Abbas utilized the Armenian people, whom he had forcibly relocated to Isfahan from their Armenian homelands. Once they were settled, he allowed them considerable freedom and encouraged them to continue in their silk trade. Silk", "title": "Abbas I of Persia" }, { "id": "5875994", "text": "vast libraries, including the House of Wisdom. The Mongols executed Al-Musta'sim and massacred many residents of the city, which was left greatly depopulated. The siege is considered to mark the end of the Islamic Golden Age, during which the caliphs had extended their rule from the Iberian Peninsula to Sindh, and which was also marked by many cultural achievements. Baghdad had for centuries been the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, the third caliphate whose rulers were descendants of Abbas, an uncle of Muhammad. In 751, the Abbasids overthrew the Umayyads and moved the Caliph's seat from Damascus to Baghdad. At", "title": "Siege of Baghdad (1258)" }, { "id": "1733492", "text": "and Gay were both circular in design, a characteristic of Parthian and Sasanian cities. When the Arabs captured Isfahan in 642, they made it the capital of al-Jibal (\"the Mountains\") province, an area that covered much of ancient Media. Isfahan grew prosperous under the Persian Buyid (Buwayhid) dynasty, which rose to power and ruled much of Iran when the temporal authority of the Abbasid caliphs waned in the 10th century. The Turkish conqueror and founder of the Seljuq dynasty, Toghril Beg, made Isfahan the capital of his domains in the mid-11th century; but it was under his grandson Malik-Shah I", "title": "Isfahan" }, { "id": "13573536", "text": "Abbasid caliphates was Ramla, a new town established in the years following the Arab conquest. The White Mosque was built in that city by the caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik in 715-717 and was completed by his successor Umar II by 720. Archaeological finds indicate that the major cities of the Byzantine period (Lydda, Bisan, Tiberias, Gaza, Caesarea, and Acre continued to be occupied in this period and a number of new settlements were built outside the cities and in the Negev as well. Of these, some were agricultural centres while others were palaces or summer resorts for the elite.", "title": "Architecture of Palestine" }, { "id": "16018224", "text": "under the Abbasids. Mansur loved the site so much he is quoted saying, \"This is indeed the city that I am to found, where I am to live, and where my descendants will reign afterward\". The goal was to replace Harran as the seat of the caliphal government; however, a city of Baghdad is mentioned in pre-Islamic texts, including the Talmud, and the Abbasid city was likely built on the site of this earlier settlement. Baghdad eclipsed Ctesiphon, the capital of the Sasanian Empire, which was located some to the southeast, which had been under Muslim control since 637, and", "title": "Round city of Baghdad" }, { "id": "2033006", "text": "Julfa, where the shah built them a new cathedral. Abbas' aim was to boost the Iranian economy by encouraging the Armenian merchants who had moved to New Julfa. As well as religious liberties, he also offered them interest-free loans and allowed the town to elect its own mayor (\"kalantar\"). Other Armenians were transferred to the provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran. These were less lucky. Abbas wanted to establish a second capital in Mazandaran, Farahabad, but the climate was unhealthy and malarial. Many settlers died and others gradually abandoned the city. Abbas' tolerance towards Christians was part of his policy of", "title": "Abbas I of Persia" }, { "id": "20489814", "text": "of Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, one of the youngest uncles of Muhammad and of the same Banu Hashim clan. The Abbasids led a revolt against the Umayyads and defeated them in the Battle of the Zab effectively ending their rule in all parts of the Empire with the exception of al-Andalus. In 762, the second Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad and declared it the capital of the Caliphate. Unlike the Umayyads, the Abbasids had the support of non-Arab subjects. The Islamic Golden Age was inaugurated by the middle of the 8th century by the ascension of the", "title": "History of the Arabs" }, { "id": "171860", "text": "patronize a last flowering of the arts until he was murdered, after which many artists were recruited by the Mughal dynasty. Tahmasp's grandson, Shah Abbas I, restored the shrine of the eighth Twelver Shi'a Imam, Ali al-Ridha at Mashhad, and restored the dynastic shrine at Ardabil. Both shrines received jewelry, fine manuscripts and Chinese porcelains. Abbas moved the capital to Isfahan, revived old ports, and established thriving trade with Europeans. Amongst Abbas's most visible cultural achievements was the construction of \"Naqsh-e Jahan Square\" (\"Design of the World\"). The plaza, located near a Friday mosque, covered . The Safavid Dynasty was", "title": "History of Islam" }, { "id": "18915834", "text": "cases were intentionally segregated from the residences for the general populace. Markets, mosques and baths for the people were built, together with a number of palaces for the caliph and other prominent individuals. Materials and laborers were shipped in from various parts of the Muslim world to help with the work; iron-workers, carpenters, marble sculptors and artisans all assisted in the construction. Founding a new capital was a public statement of the establishment of a new regime, while allowing the court to be \"at a distance from the populace of Baghdad and protected by a new guard of foreign troops,", "title": "Abbasid Samarra" }, { "id": "15844195", "text": "were descended from him. Al-Musta'in's defeat resulted in Samarra remaining the capital city of the caliphate. It would continue to serve as such until 892, during the caliphate of al-Mu'tadid; thereafter the seat of the caliphs remained at Baghdad. Abbasid civil war (865–866) The Abbasid civil war of 865–866, sometimes known as the Fifth Fitna, was an armed conflict during the \"Anarchy at Samarra\" between the rival caliphs al-Musta'in and al-Mu'tazz, fought to determine who would gain control over the Abbasid Caliphate. The war, which lasted for about a year, largely revolved around a prolonged siege of Baghdad and ended", "title": "Abbasid civil war (865–866)" }, { "id": "607083", "text": "caliphate of Cairo lasted until the time of Al-Mutawakkil III, who was taken away as a prisoner by Selim I to Constantinople where he had a ceremonial role. He died in 1543, following his return to Cairo. The Abbasid historical period lasting to the Mongol conquest of Baghdad in 1258 CE is considered the Islamic Golden Age. The Islamic Golden Age was inaugurated by the middle of the 8th century by the ascension of the Abbasid Caliphate and the transfer of the capital from Damascus to Baghdad. The Abbassids were influenced by the Qur'anic injunctions and hadith such as \"the", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "18915837", "text": "After moving to Damascus in 858, he returned to Iraq and undertook his most ambitious project, the new city of al-Mutawakkiliyya to the north of Samarra. Included in the new area was the palace of al-Ja'fari (Ja'far being his given name), which he moved into in 860. In the following year, however, he was assassinated, and al-Mutawakkiliyya was abandoned soon after. The decade following al-Mutawakkil's assassination was a turbulent period, sometimes known as the Anarchy at Samarra, during which the capital was frequently beset by frequent troop riots and coups. Al-Mutawakkil's son al-Muntasir (r. 861–862) abandoned al-Ja'fari and moved back", "title": "Abbasid Samarra" }, { "id": "9711812", "text": "etc. One notices that the silhouettes curve and that the \"taj\", the headdress characteristic of the Safavids at the beginning of the empire had disappeared, following the fashion of the time. Among the scroll patterns are calligraphic representations of the quatrains of the poet Hafiz. The reign of Shah Abbas marked the explosion of Safavid architecture, with the construction of a new Isfahan. For the third time in the history of the Safavids, the capital of the empire changed under Shah Abbas: to Isfahan, a city in a more centralized location than Tabriz or Qazvin (which is between Tehran and", "title": "Safavid art" }, { "id": "78246", "text": "During his reign, Saladin constructed the Cairo Citadel, which served as the seat of the Egyptian government until the mid-19th century. In 1250, slave soldiers, known as the Mamluks, seized control of Egypt and like many of their predecessors established Cairo as the capital of their new dynasty. Continuing a practice started by the Ayyubids, much of the land occupied by former Fatimid palaces was sold and replaced by newer buildings. Construction projects initiated by the Mamluks pushed the city outward while also bringing new infrastructure to the centre of the city. Meanwhile, Cairo flourished as a centre of Islamic", "title": "Cairo" }, { "id": "3418183", "text": "descended from Hashim, a great-grandfather of Muhammad, making them part of Banu Hashim, via Abbas, an uncle of Muhammad, hence the name. Caliph al-Mansur founded its second capital of Baghdad in 762 which became a major scientific, cultural and art centre, as did the territory as a whole during a period known as the Islamic Golden Age. From the 10th century, Abbasid rule became confined to an area around Baghdad. From 945 to 1157, the Abbasid Caliphate came under Buyid and then Seljuq military control. In 1250, a non-Arab army created by the Abbasids called the Mamluks came to power", "title": "Caliphate" }, { "id": "15176909", "text": "Capture of Baghdad (1638) Recapture of Baghdad refers to the second conquest of the city by the Ottoman Empire as a part of the Ottoman-Safavid War of 1623-1639. Baghdad (capital of modern Iraq), once the capital of Arab Abbasid Caliphate, was one of the most important cities of the Muslim World. In the second half of the Medieval age, Turkic rulers (Seljuks, Kara Koyunlu, Ak Koyunlu) as well as others always tried to control this prestigious city. From 1508 till 1534 it was ruled by the emerging Safavid dynasty of Iran, between that time led by shah Ismail I and", "title": "Capture of Baghdad (1638)" }, { "id": "16254520", "text": "were used to build a power base of support in the eastern Muslim lands to ensure the revolution's success. This buildup not only took place right on the heels of the Zaydi Revolt in Iraq, but also concurrently with the Berber Revolt in Iberia and Maghreb, the Ibadi rebellion in Yemen and Hijaz, and the Third Fitna in the Levant, with the revolt of al-Harith ibn Surayj in Khurasan and Central Asia occurring concurrently with the revolution itself. The Abbasids spent their preparation time watching as the Umayyad Empire was besieged from within itself in all four cardinal directions, and", "title": "Abbasid Revolution" }, { "id": "18915853", "text": "undertaken in the early 20th century revealed decorative elements consisting of stucco, frescoes, colored glass windows and niches. Al-Mutawakkiliyya was the largest building project of the caliph Ja'far al-Mutawakkil, who ordered the construction of a new city on the northern border of al-Dur in 859. This city, which was built in the vicinity of the settlement of al-Mahuza, was intended to replace Samarra as the residence of the caliphs. Al-Mutawakkiliyya consisted of an unwalled area, through the center of which ran a north-south avenue. On the western side of the avenue was the Abu Dulaf Mosque. Like the Great Mosque", "title": "Abbasid Samarra" }, { "id": "9574177", "text": "in Tunis. They had neither mosques nor authority. Their houses served as their quarters and were commonly constructed with a dome above whose Arabic term is \"qoba\" and Berber one \"ta qobe-tt\" (little dome). Other regions and tribes, however, like Sijilmasa and Tilimsan—which straddled the principal trade routes—proved more viable and prospered. In 750, the Abbasids, who succeeded the Umayyads as the rulers of the Caliphate, moved the caliphate capital to Baghdad and reestablished Islamic authority in Ifriqiya, appointing Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab as governor of Kairouan. Although nominally serving at the caliph's pleasure, al-Aghlab and his successors, the Aghlabids, ruled", "title": "Berbers and Islam" }, { "id": "1861676", "text": "capital and most important city of Khurasan. During this time, the Arab historian Al-Muqaddasi (c. 945/946 - 991) called Merv \"delightful, fine, elegant, brilliant, extensive, and pleasant\". Merv's architecture perhaps provided the inspiration for the Abbasid re-planning of Baghdad. The city was notable as a home for immigrants from the Arab lands as well as for those from Sogdia and elsewhere in Central Asia (Herrmann 1999). In the period from 813 to 818, the temporary residency of the caliph al-Ma'mun effectively made Merv the capital of the Muslim world and highlighted Merv's importance to the Abbasids. Merv also became the", "title": "Merv" }, { "id": "3433", "text": "654, the city was captured for the first time by the Arabs of the Rashidun Caliphate, under Muawiyah, the future founder of the Umayyad Caliphate. At about the same time, the themes were established in Anatolia, and Ancyra became capital of the Opsician Theme, which was the largest and most important theme until it was split up under Emperor Constantine V (r. 741–775); Ancyra then became the capital of the new Bucellarian Theme. The city was attacked without success by Abbasid forces in 776 and in 798/99. In 805, Emperor Nikephoros I (r. 802–811) strengthened its fortifications, a fact which", "title": "Ankara" }, { "id": "20489815", "text": "Abbasid Caliphate and the transfer of the capital from Damascus to the newly founded city of Baghdad. The Abbassids were influenced by the Qur'anic injunctions and hadith such as \"The ink of the scholar is more holy than the blood of martyrs\" stressing the value of knowledge. During this period the Muslim world became an intellectual centre for science, philosophy, medicine and education as the Abbasids championed the cause of knowledge and established the \"House of Wisdom\" () in Baghdad. Rival dynasties such as the Fatimids of Egypt and the Umayyads of al-Andalus were also major intellectual centres with cities", "title": "History of the Arabs" }, { "id": "1308738", "text": "Gaziantep. From 3000 BC onwards, there were Hittite settlements in all these plains behind the Mediterranean coast, based on farming and grazing animals. Under the Roman Empire, it was Flavias or Flaviopolis in the Roman province of Cilicia Secunda. In 704, Sis was besieged by the Arabs, but relieved by the Byzantines. The Abbasid caliph al-Mutawakkil took it and refortified it, but it soon returned to Byzantine hands. It was rebuilt in 1186 by Leo II, king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, one of the Rupenide dynasty who made the city the capital of the Kingdom of Lesser Armenia", "title": "Kozan, Adana" }, { "id": "2989903", "text": "of Jund Hims. Under the Umayyads, the city of Damascus was the capital of the Islamic Caliphate and Syria formed the Caliphate's \"metropolitan\" province; likewise, the elite Syrian army, the \"Ahl ash-Shâm\" (), formed the main pillar of the Umayyad regime. Syria became much less important under the Abbasid Caliphate, which succeeded the Umayyads in 750. The Abbasids moved the capital first to Kufa, and then to Baghdad and Samarra, all of which were in Iraq, which consequently became their most important province. The mainly Arab Syrians were marginalized by Iranian and Turkish forces who rose to power under the", "title": "Bilad al-Sham" }, { "id": "116286", "text": "metropolitan area of 2.7 million people (2004). Geographically embedded on the eastern foothills of the Anti-Lebanon mountain range inland from the eastern shore of the Mediterranean on a plateau above sea level, Damascus experiences a semi-arid climate because of the rain shadow effect. The Barada River flows through Damascus. First settled in the second millennium BC, it was chosen as the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate from 661 to 750. After the victory of the Abbasid dynasty, the seat of Islamic power was moved to Baghdad. Damascus saw a political decline throughout the Abbasid era, only to regain significant importance", "title": "Damascus" }, { "id": "4439618", "text": "capital from Fustat slightly north to the Abbasid city of al-Askar, which remained the capital until 868. When the Tulunid dynasty took control in 868, the Egyptian capital moved briefly to another nearby northern city, Al-Qatta'i. This lasted only until 905, when Al-Qatta'i was destroyed and the capital was returned to Fustat. The city again lost its status as capital city when its own vizier, Shawar, ordered its burning in 1168. The capital of Egypt was ultimately moved to Cairo. According to legend, the location of Fustat was chosen by a bird: A dove laid an egg in the tent", "title": "Fustat" }, { "id": "13783323", "text": "local area, and pleasure in the form of hunting. In 1964 a brick was found at Mshatta with an inscription on it written by Sulaiman ibn Kaisan. Kaisan is known to have lived between 730 and 750 CE which lends further evidence to the theory that Caliph Al-Walid II commissioned the construction. His was the first of four short reigns of Caliphs between 743 and 750, after which the Abbasid dynasty came to power and moved the capital from Damascus, near the palace, to Bagdhad. If work had not already been abandoned, it no doubt was at that point. Qasr", "title": "Qasr Al-Mshatta" }, { "id": "5048569", "text": "the general Jawhar al-Siqilli (the Sicilian) to build Cairo and for the Fatimid Caliph al-Muizz to leave his old capital Mahdia in Tunisia and settle in the new Fatimid capital in Egypt. After Memphis, Heliopolis, Giza and the Byzantine fortress of Babylon-in-Egypt, Fustat was a new city built as a military garrison for Arab troops. It was the closest central location to Arabia that was accessible to the Nile. Fustat became a regional center of Islam during the Umayyad period. It was where the Umayyad ruler, Marwan II, made his last stand against the Abbasids. Later, during the Fatimid era,", "title": "Islamic Cairo" }, { "id": "471322", "text": "Medina Medina (; , ', \"the radiant city\"; or , ' (), \"the city\"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia. At the city's heart is al-Masjid an-Nabawi ('The Prophet's Mosque'), which is the burial place of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, and it is the second-holiest city in Islam after Mecca. Medina was Muhammad's destination of his Hijrah (migration) from Mecca, and became the capital of a rapidly increasing Muslim Empire, under Muhammad's leadership. It served as the power base of Islam", "title": "Medina" }, { "id": "53709", "text": "The justification for the Abbasid Caliphate was based on the Abbasids being the descendants of the uncle of Muhammad and being part of the Quraysh tribe. They used Shi'a resentment, Khorasanian movement, and appeals to the ambitions and traditions of the newly conquered Persian aristocracy to overthrow the Umayyads. The Abbasids sought to combine the hegemony of the Arab tribes with the imperial, court, ceremonial, and administrative structures of the Persians. The Abbasids considered themselves the inheritors of Arab-Islamic culture. Harun al-Rashid needed to place the capital in a place that was representative of Arab-Islamic identity and built the House", "title": "Baghdad" }, { "id": "6019093", "text": "both distanced his capital from any future assaults by Iran's neighboring arch rival, the Ottomans, and at the same time gained more control over the Persian Gulf, which had recently become an important trading route for the Dutch and British East India Companies. The chief architect of this colossal task of urban planning was Shaykh Bahai (Baha' ad-Din al-`Amili), who focused the programme on two key features of Shah Abbas's master plan: the Chahar Bagh avenue, flanked at either side by all the prominent institutions of the city, such as the residences of all foreign dignitaries, and the Naqsh-e Jahan", "title": "Shah Mosque" }, { "id": "607052", "text": "ancient Sasanian capital city of Ctesiphon. The Abbasid period was marked by reliance on Persian bureaucrats (notably the Barmakid family) for governing the territories as well as an increasing inclusion of non-Arab Muslims in the \"ummah\" (national community). Persianate customs were broadly adopted by the ruling elite, and they began patronage of artists and scholars. Baghdad became a centre of science, culture, philosophy and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. Despite this initial cooperation, the Abbasids of the late 8th century had alienated both non-Arab \"mawali\" (clients) and Iranian bureaucrats. They were forced to cede", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "5048572", "text": "AD in a style inspired by the Abbasid capital of Samarra in Iraq. It is one of the largest mosques in Cairo and is often cited as one of the most beautiful. After Cairo was founded to the northeast of Fustat in 959 AD by the victorious Fatimid army, the Fatimids built a separate palatial city which contained their palaces and institutions of government. It was enclosed by a circuit of walls, which were rebuilt in stone in the late 11th century AD by the vizir Badr al-Gamali, parts of which survive today at Bab Zuwayla in the south and", "title": "Islamic Cairo" }, { "id": "18915836", "text": "of gigantic property speculation in which both government and its followers could expect to benefit\". After al-Mu'tasim's death, his successor al-Wathiq (r. 842–847) remained in Samarra. His decision to stay convinced the residents of the new city's permanence, and a fresh round of construction began during his reign. Al-Wathiq himself built a new palace, the Haruni (al-Wathiq's given name was Harun) on the bank of the Tigris, which became his new residence. Al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861) aggressively pursued new construction, extending the central city to the east and building the Great Mosque of Samarra, the cantonment of Balkuwara and numerous palaces.", "title": "Abbasid Samarra" }, { "id": "15844171", "text": "commander ordered his troops to plunder the town. The soldiers then began attacking the local residents, and most of the citizens were forced to flee. Al-Anbar, lying on the Euphrates to the west of Baghdad, was a major town in the early Abbasid era. At the outbreak of hostilities, Muhammad b. 'Abdallah ordered its ruler to prepare for its defense. The canals and bridges around the town were cut, and the surrounding area was turned into a large swamp. By the middle of spring the commander of al-Anbar had raised a force of several thousand Bedouin recruits, and he sent", "title": "Abbasid civil war (865–866)" }, { "id": "10758331", "text": "in power involved moving control from the Umayyad city of al-Fustat slightly north to the Abbasid city of al-‘Askar. Its full name was مدينة العسكري Madinatu l-‘Askari \"City of Cantonments\" or \"City of Sections\". Intended primarily as a city large enough to house an army, it was laid out in a grid pattern that could be easily subdivided into separate sections for various groups such as merchants and officers. The peak of the Abbasid dynasty occurred during the reign of Harun al Rashid, along with increased taxes on the Egyptians, who rose up in a peasant revolt in 832 during", "title": "Al-Askar" }, { "id": "607079", "text": "the Sufi futuwwa organizations that the caliph headed. Al-Mustansir built the Mustansiriya School, in an attempt to eclipse the Seljuq-era Nizamiyya built by Nizam al-Mulk. In 1206, Genghis Khan established a powerful dynasty among the Mongols of central Asia. During the 13th century, this Mongol Empire conquered most of the Eurasian land mass, including both China in the east and much of the old Islamic caliphate (as well as Kievan Rus') in the west. Hulagu Khan's destruction of Baghdad in 1258 is traditionally seen as the approximate end of the Golden Age. Mongols feared that a supernatural disaster would strike", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "16385442", "text": "'Uqbah ibn Ja'far al-Khuza'i to refortify the town and erect a mosque. Harun's lieutenant Abdallah ibn Malik al-Khuza'i took Sideropalos, from where Harun's cousin Dawud ibn 'Isa ibn Musa with half the Abbasid army, some 70,000 men according to al-Tabari, was sent to devastate Cappadocia. Another of Harun's generals, Sharahil ibn Ma'n ibn Za'ida captured the so-called \"Fortress of the Slavs\" (\"Hisn al-Saqalibah\") and the recently rebuilt town of Thebasa, while Yazid ibn Makhlad captured the \"Fort of the Willow\" (\"al-Safsaf\") and Malakopea. Andrasos was captured and Kyzistra was placed under siege, while raiders reached as far as Ancyra, which", "title": "Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (806)" }, { "id": "17162131", "text": "Abbasid architecture Abbasid architecture developed in the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 945, primarily in its heartland of Mesopotamia. The Abbasids inherited Persian architectural traditions in Mesopotamia, and were later influenced by Central Asian styles. They evolved distinctive styles of their own, particularly in decoration of their buildings. While the Abbasids lost control of large parts of their empire after 850, their architecture continued to be copied by successor states in Iran, Egypt and North Africa. In 750 the Abbasids seized power from the Umayyad rulers of the Arab empire, who lost all their possessions apart from Spain. The Abbasid", "title": "Abbasid architecture" }, { "id": "2644951", "text": "grandson Husayn for help and leadership. Yazid appointed Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad as the new Governor to put down the rebellion, and kill Husayn if he did not acknowledge his Caliphate, culminating in the Battle of Karbala. There was a period of relative calm during the short reign of Al-Mukhtar's rulership, and the Umayyad-era Governorship of Al-Hajjaj. In 749, the Abbasids under al-Hasan ibn Qahtaba took Kufa and made it their capital. In 762, they moved their seat to Baghdad. Under the Umayyad and early Abbasid decades, Kufa's importance gradually shifted from caliphal politics to Islamic theory and practice. Wael", "title": "Kufa" }, { "id": "607120", "text": "of Mohamed, made their way into the region of Fars in Southern Persia. They settled in the city of Khonj, then a great centre for learning and scholarship. Shaikh Abdulsalam Khonji (b. 661 AH – d. 746 AH) son of Abbas son of Ismail II was born in Khonj only five years after the fall of Baghdad and the arrival of his grandfather in the city. He became a great religious scholar and Sufi saint, held in high esteem by the local populace. His tomb still stands in Khonj and is a site visited by people from near and far.", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "16254543", "text": "Revolution and after that the Ulama appeared as a force in society, positioning themselves as the arbiters of justice and orthodoxy. With the eastward movement of the capital from Damascus to Baghdad, the Abbasid Empire eventually took on a distinctly Persian character, as opposed to the Arab character of the Umayyads. Rulers became increasingly autocratic, at times claiming divine right in defense of their actions. An accurate and comprehensive history of the revolution has proven difficult to compile for a number of reasons. There are no contemporary accounts, and most sources were written more than a century after the revolution.", "title": "Abbasid Revolution" }, { "id": "9499513", "text": "certainly, Persian remained the language of official business of the caliphate until the adoption of Arabic toward the end of the 7th century, when, in 692, minting began at the caliphal capital, Damascus. The new Islamic coins evolved from imitations of Sasanian and Byzantine coins, and the Pahlavi script on the coinage was replaced with Arabic. The Abbasids, after 750, established their capital in what is now Iraq, eventually at Baghdad. A shift in orientation toward the east is discernible, which was encouraged by increased receptiveness to Persian cultural influence and the roots of the Abbasid revolution in Khorasan, now", "title": "Persianization" }, { "id": "2218401", "text": "Ishaq told them that he did meet her. Also ibn Ishaq disputed with the young Malik ibn Anas, famous for the Maliki School of Fiqh. Leaving Medina (or forced to leave), he traveled eastwards towards what is now Iraq, stopping in Kufa, also al-Jazīra, and into Iran as far as Ray, before returning west. Eventually he settled in Baghdad. There, the new Abbasid dynasty, having overthrown the Umayyad caliphs, was establishing a new capital. Ibn Isḥaq moved to the capital and found patrons in the new regime. He became a tutor employed by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur, who commissioned him", "title": "Ibn Ishaq" }, { "id": "607072", "text": "had changed further, as North Africa was lost to the Abbasids. An Shia sect only recognizing the first five Imams and tracing its roots to Muhammad's daughter Fatima took control of Idrisid and then Aghlabid domains. Called the Fatimid dynasty, they had advanced to Egypt in 969, establishing their capital near Fustat in Cairo, which they built as a bastion of Shia learning and politics. By 1000 they had become the chief political and ideological challenge to Sunni Islam in the form of the Abbasids. By this time the latter state had fragmented into several governorships that, while recognizing caliphal", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "3882166", "text": "under the name Shad Shahpur (shad can be read as 'happy'), when he built a fortification there to control regional tensions. Qazvin has sometimes been of central importance at major moments of Iranian history. It was captured by invading Arabs (644 AD) and destroyed by Hulagu Khan (13th century). After the Ottoman capture of Tabriz, Shah Tahmasp (1524–1576) made Qazvin the capital of the Safavid empire (founded in 1501 AD), a status that Qazvin retained for half a century until Shah Abbas I moved the capital to Isfahan. In 1210 the city was damaged by the forces of Kingdom of", "title": "Qazvin" }, { "id": "16385437", "text": "winter at the border of the two empires on the Lamos river in Cilicia: some 3,700 Muslims were exchanged for the Byzantines taken captive in the previous years. Harun then departed for Khurasan, leaving al-Qasim to watch over the Byzantine frontier. Nikephoros used the opportunity in the spring to rebuild the destroyed walls of the towns of Safsaf, Thebasa, and Ancyra, and that summer, he launched the first Byzantine raid in two decades against the Arab frontier districts (\"thughur\") in Cilicia. The Byzantine army raided the territory surrounding the fortresses of Mopsuestia and Anazarbus and took prisoners as it went.", "title": "Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (806)" }, { "id": "3497515", "text": "Damascus. In 796, the caliph Harun al-Rashid chose Raqqa/al-Rafiqah as his imperial residence. For about 13 years, Raqqa was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, which stretched from Northern Africa to Central Asia, but the main administrative body remained in Baghdad. The palace area of Raqqa covered an area of about north of the twin cities. One of the founding fathers of the Hanafi school of law, Muḥammad ash-Shaibānī, was chief qadi (judge) in Raqqa. The splendour of the court in Raqqa is documented in several poems, collected by Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahāni in his \"Book of Songs\" (\"Kitāb al-Aghāni\"). Only", "title": "Raqqa" }, { "id": "13386560", "text": "of North Africa (including highly prized Egypt) and the Fertile Crescent, and even holding Mecca and Medina in Arabia. The capital for the Fatimid state subsequently shifted to the newly founded city of Cairo (\"al-Qāhirah\", meaning \"The Victorious\"), in honour of the Isma'ili military victories, from which the Fatimid Caliph-Imams ruled for several generations, establishing their new city as a centre for culture and civilization. It boasted the world's first university, Al-Azhar University and the House of Knowledge, where the study of mathematics, art, biology, and philosophy reached new heights in the known world. A fundamental split amongst the Isma'ili", "title": "History of Nizari Ismailism" }, { "id": "3501991", "text": "New Jerusalem In the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible, New Jerusalem (, \"Jehovah-shammah\", or YHWH [is] there\") is Ezekiel's prophetic vision of a city centered on the rebuilt Holy Temple, the Third Temple, to be established in Jerusalem, which would be the capital of the Messianic Kingdom, the meeting place of the twelve tribes of Israel, during the Messianic era. The prophecy is recorded by Ezekiel as having been received on Yom Kippur of the year 3372 of the Hebrew calendar. It will be inhabited by people to live eternally in spirit form, created by God as a", "title": "New Jerusalem" }, { "id": "607081", "text": "Mongolia, and a daughter who became a slave in the harem of Hulagu. In the 9th century, the Abbasids created an army loyal only to their caliphate, composed of non-Arab origin people, known as Mamluks. This force, created in the reign of al-Ma'mun (813–33) and his brother and successor al-Mu'tasim (833–42), prevented the further disintegration of the empire. The Mamluk army, though often viewed negatively, both helped and hurt the caliphate. Early on, it provided the government with a stable force to address domestic and foreign problems. However, creation of this foreign army and al-Mu'tasim's transfer of the capital from", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "5048568", "text": "Fatimid caliphs, while the actual economic and administrative capital was in nearby Fustat. Fustat was established by 'Amr ibn al-'As following the conquest of Egypt. Al-Askar, located in what is now Old Cairo, was the capital of Egypt from 750 to 868. Ahmad ibn Tulun established al-Qata'i as the new capital of Egypt, and it remained the capital until 905, when the Fustat once again became the capital. After Fustat was destroyed in 1168/9 to prevent its capture by the Crusaders, the administrative capital of Egypt moved to Cairo, where it has remained ever since. It took four years for", "title": "Islamic Cairo" }, { "id": "15031546", "text": "Mansura, Sindh Mansura (, al-manṣūrah) Brahmnabad, was the historic capital of the Muslim Calihpate in Sindh, during the eighth century under the Umayyad Caliphate from the year 711 AD to 1006 AD. The city was founded as a central garrison by the Umayyad Forces in Sindh, the city transformed into a very vibrant metropolis during the Abbasid Era surpassing the wealth of Multan in the north and Debal in the south. Mansura was built on the shores of the Indus River, it was surrounded by fertile farmland, Ibn Hauqal mentioned the wealthy local merchants who wore \"Baghdad Costume\" and were", "title": "Mansura, Sindh" }, { "id": "7844135", "text": "was the first Arab settlement in Egypt, founded by Amr ibn al-A'as in 642 following the Arab conquest of Egypt. Al-Askar succeeded Fustat as capital of Egypt after the move of the caliphate from the Umayyad dynasty in Damascus to the Abbasids in Baghdad around 750 CE. Al-Qata'i (\"The Quarters\") was established by Ahmad ibn Tulun when he was sent to Egypt by the Abbasid caliph to assume the governorship in 868 CE. Ibn Tulun arrived with a large military force that was too large to be housed in al-Askar. The city was founded on the Gabal Yashkhur, a hill", "title": "Al-Qata'i" }, { "id": "16254504", "text": "al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Shaybani initiated a Kharijite rebellion that would continue until 746. Concurrent with this, a rebellion broke out in reaction to Marwan II's decision to move the capital from Damascus to Harran, resulting in the destruction of Homs – also in 746. It was not until 747 that Marwan II was able to pacify the provinces; the Abbasid Revolution began within months. Nasr ibn Sayyar was appointed governor of Khorosan by Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik in 738. He held on to his post throughout the civil war, being confirmed as governor by Marwan II in the aftermath. Khorosan's", "title": "Abbasid Revolution" }, { "id": "17162145", "text": "had a timber ceiling and a flat terraced roof that provided living space in summer nights. Houses were built around courtyards, and had featureless exteriors, although they were often elaborately decorated inside. There are no traces of windcatchers, which later became common Islamic architectural features. Most of the houses had latrines and facilities for cold-water bathing. The Abbasids also undertook public works that included construction of canals in Samarra and of cisterns in Tunisia and Palestine. The Nilometer at Fustat, near modern Cairo, built in 861, has elaborate and ornate stonework and discharging arches. The three types (Styles A, B,", "title": "Abbasid architecture" }, { "id": "16254538", "text": "to continued persecution of Shi'ites. On the other hand, non-Muslims regained the government posts they had lost under the Umayyads. Jews, Nestorian Christians, Zoroastrians and even Buddhists were re-integrated into a more cosmopolitan empire centered around the new, ethnically and religiously diverse city of Baghdad. The Abbasids were essentially puppets of secular rulers starting from 950, though their lineage as nominal caliphs continued until 1258 when the Mongol hordes killed the last Abbasid caliph in Baghdad. The period of actual, direct rule by the Abbasids lasted almost exactly two-hundred years. One grandson of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, Abd ar-Rahman I,", "title": "Abbasid Revolution" }, { "id": "3497506", "text": "Raqqa Raqqa ( '; Kurdish: \"Reqa\"), also called Raqa, Rakka and Al-Raqqah, is a city in Syria located on the northeast bank of the Euphrates River, about east of Aleppo. It is located east of the Tabqa Dam, Syria's largest dam. The Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine city and bishopric Callinicum (formerly a Latin and now a Maronite Catholic titular see) was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate between 796 and 809, under the reign of Harun al-Rashid. With a population of 220,488 based on the 2004 official census, Raqqa was the sixth largest city in Syria. During the Syrian Civil", "title": "Raqqa" }, { "id": "607053", "text": "authority over Al-Andalus and the Maghreb to the Umayyads in 756, Morocco to the Idrisid dynasty in 788, Ifriqiya to the Aghlabids in 800 and Egypt to the Isma'ili-Shia caliphate of the Fatimids in 969. The political power of the caliphs largely ended with the rise of the Iranian Buyids and the Seljuq Turks, which each captured Baghdad in 945 and 1055 respectively. Although Abbasid leadership over the vast Islamic empire was gradually reduced to a ceremonial religious function, the dynasty retained control over its Mesopotamian domain. The Abbasids' period of cultural fruition ended in 1258 with the sack of", "title": "Abbasid Caliphate" }, { "id": "7659948", "text": "Ibn Tulun's growing power was manifested in the establishment of a new palace city to the northeast of Fustat, called al-Qata'i, in 870. The project was a conscious emulation of, and rival to, the Abbasid capital Samarra. Just like Samarra, the new city was designed as quarters for Ibn Tulun's new army with the aim of reducing frictions with the urban populace of Fustat. Each unit received an allotment or ward (whence the city's name) to settle, after which the ward was named. The new city's centrepiece was the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, which was built in 878–880 under the", "title": "Ahmad ibn Tulun" }, { "id": "78243", "text": "Fatimid dynasty. Egypt was conquered from their base in Ifriqiya and a new fortified city northeast of Fustat was established. It took four years to build the city, initially known as al-Manṣūriyyah, which was to serve as the new capital of the caliphate. During that time, Jawhar also commissioned the construction of the al-Azhar Mosque by order of the Caliph, which developed into the third-oldest university in the world. Cairo would eventually become a centre of learning, with the library of Cairo containing hundreds of thousands of books. When Caliph al-Mu'izz li Din Allah arrived from the old Fatimid capital", "title": "Cairo" }, { "id": "2177867", "text": "been a mistake. Instead, contemporary sources maintain that Adhri'at was conquered by the Rashidun army during the caliphate of Abu Bakr in 634. Adhri'at's residents reportedly celebrated the arrival of the second caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab when he visited the city, \"dancing with swords and sweet basil.\" Throughout Rashidun and Umayyad rule, the city served as the capital of the al-Bathaniyya subdistrict, part of the larger Jund Dimashq (\"military district of Damascus.\") In 906 the population was massacred in a raid by the rebellious Qarmatians. The late 10th-century Arab geographer al-Muqaddasi noted that during the Abbasid period, Adhri'at was a", "title": "Daraa" }, { "id": "16254523", "text": "open revolt against Umayyad rule, which was carried out under the sign of the Black Standard. Close to 10,000 soldiers were under Abu Muslim's command when the hostilities officially began in Merv. On February 14, 748 he established control of Merv, expelling Umayyad governor Nasr ibn Sayyar less than a year after the latter had put down Ibn Surayj's revolt, and dispatched an army westwards. Newly commissioned Abbasid officer Qahtaba ibn Shabib al-Ta'i, along with his sons Al-Hasan ibn Qahtaba and Humayd ibn Qahtaba, pursued Ibn Sayyar to Nishapur and then pushed him further west to Qumis, in western Iran.", "title": "Abbasid Revolution" }, { "id": "1733493", "text": "(r. 1073–92) that the city grew in size and splendour. After the fall of the Seljuqs (c. 1200), Isfahan temporarily declined and was eclipsed by other Iranian cities such as Tabriz and Qazvin. During his visit in 1327, Ibn Battuta noted that \"The city of Isfahan is one of the largest and fairest of cities, but it is now in ruins for the greater part.\" It regained its importance during the Safavid period (1501–1736). The city's golden age began in 1598 when the Safavid ruler Shah Abbas I (reigned 1588–1629) made it his capital and rebuilt it into one of", "title": "Isfahan" } ]	1. what city was built as the new capital for the abbasids
[ "Noomi Rapace" ]	[ { "id": "13375180", "text": "Noomi Rapace Noomi Rapace (; ; born 28 December 1979) is a Swedish actress. She achieved fame with her portrayal of Lisbeth Salander in the Swedish film adaptations of the \"Millennium\" series: \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\", and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\". In 2011, she was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Actress for her performance in \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". She is also known for playing Anna in \"Daisy Diamond\" (2007), Leena in \"Beyond\" (2010), Anna in \"The Monitor\" (2011), Madame Simza Heron in \"\" (2011),", "title": "Noomi Rapace" }, { "id": "13449175", "text": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film) The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (, literally \"Men who hate women\") is a 2009 Swedish drama thriller film based on the novel of the same name by Swedish author/journalist Stieg Larsson. It is the first book in the trilogy known as the \"Millennium\" series, published in Sweden in 2005. By August 2009, it had been sold to 25 countries outside Scandinavia and had been seen by more than 6 million people in the countries where it was already released. Directed by Niels Arden Oplev, the film stars Michael Nyqvist and Noomi", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "13375190", "text": "in French and Italian, because it sounded \"cool.\" They have a son, Lev. Born 2003. In September 2010, they filed for divorce, which took effect the next year. Noomi Rapace Noomi Rapace (; ; born 28 December 1979) is a Swedish actress. She achieved fame with her portrayal of Lisbeth Salander in the Swedish film adaptations of the \"Millennium\" series: \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\", and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\". In 2011, she was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Actress for her performance in \"The Girl with the", "title": "Noomi Rapace" }, { "id": "7933174", "text": "Lena Endre Lena Endre (born 8 July 1955) is a Swedish actress of film and television, primarily in the Swedish and Norwegian markets, known for her parts in the Liv Ullmann film \"Trolösa\" (2000), and the \"Millennium series\" of films (e.g., \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\"), based on the eponymous trio of Stieg Larsson books. Endre made her English-language debut in 2012, in Paul Thomas Anderson's movie \"The Master\", starring Joaquin Phoenix and Philip Seymour Hoffman. Endre was born in Lidingö, Stockholm County and grew up in Härnösand, Ångermanland, and Trollbäcken, Tyresö. Initially, she was studying Marine Biology before", "title": "Lena Endre" }, { "id": "12046140", "text": "Rooney Mara Patricia Rooney Mara ( ; born April 17, 1985) is an American actress. She began her career playing supporting roles in several independent films, including the coming-of-age drama film \"Tanner Hall\" (2009), before starring as Nancy Holbrook in the 2010 remake of \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" and as Erica Albright in the biographical drama film \"The Social Network\" (2010). In 2011, Mara had a career breakthrough when she portrayed Lisbeth Salander, the title character in David Fincher's \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", based on Stieg Larsson's \"Millennium\" book series. She received critical acclaim for her performance", "title": "Rooney Mara" }, { "id": "7933178", "text": "Role in 2000, and was a host of the same awards in 2006. Endre has two children from a relationship with the actor Thomas Hanzon that spanned from 1988 to 1998. Endre was married to the Swedish director Richard Hobert from 2000 to 2012. Lena Endre Lena Endre (born 8 July 1955) is a Swedish actress of film and television, primarily in the Swedish and Norwegian markets, known for her parts in the Liv Ullmann film \"Trolösa\" (2000), and the \"Millennium series\" of films (e.g., \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\"), based on the eponymous trio of Stieg Larsson books.", "title": "Lena Endre" }, { "id": "6897812", "text": "Swedish films and television series, while keeping his music career alive. Taube starred in the Swedish film version of Stieg Larsson's novel, \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", in the role of Henrick Vanger. The film was released in early 2010. He was nominated for a Best Supporting Actor Guldbagge Award for his role in the film. Sven-Bertil Taube Sven-Bertil Gunnar Evert Taube (born 24 November 1934) is a Swedish singer and actor. Born in Stockholm, he is the son of songwriter Evert Taube and sculptor Astri Taube. At age 14, Taube began playing guitar. While traveling throughout Europe, he", "title": "Sven-Bertil Taube" }, { "id": "14835738", "text": "National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of 2011 and was a candidate for numerous awards, winning, among others, the Academy Award for Best Film Editing, while Mara's performance earned her an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress. In Stockholm, Sweden, divorced journalist Mikael Blomkvist, co-owner of \"Millennium\" magazine, has lost a libel case brought against him by businessman Hans-Erik Wennerström. Lisbeth Salander, a brilliant but troubled investigator and hacker, compiles an extensive background check on Blomkvist for business magnate Henrik Vanger, who has a special task for him. In exchange for the promise of damning", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "10714269", "text": "also known for his role in the 2009 film \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Haber is in a relationship with actress Lena T. Hansson. Peter Haber Peter Alexander Haber (born 12 December 1952) is a Swedish actor. His father was German, his mother Swedish. He grew up in Skåne, Sweden, and in Remscheid, Germany. In 1987 he was hired by the Stockholm City Theatre where he was active until 1994. At the 29th Guldbagge Awards, he was nominated for the Best Actor award for his role in \"Sune's Summer\". The most famous roles that Haber has played are the", "title": "Peter Haber" }, { "id": "2832743", "text": "Stellan Skarsgård Stellan John Skarsgård (; born 13 June 1951) is a Swedish actor. He is known for his roles as Jan Nyman in \"Breaking the Waves\" (1996), Captain Tupolev in \"The Hunt for Red October\" (1990), Prof. Gerald Lambeau in \"Good Will Hunting\" (1997), Bootstrap Bill Turner in \"\" (2006) and \"\" (2007), Bill Anderson in \"Mamma Mia!\" (2008) and the sequel \"Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again\" (2018), Commander Maximilian Richter in \"Angels and Demons\" (2009), Martin Vanger in \"The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo\" (2011), Dr. Erik Selvig in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films \"Thor\" (2011), \"The", "title": "Stellan Skarsgård" }, { "id": "6444116", "text": "many people flee execution by dictator Augusto Pinochet during and after the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. Nyvquist garnered international attention starring as Mikael Blomkvist in \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" (Swedish title: ), \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\" (Swedish title: ), and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\" (Swedish title: ). These films were adapted from the \"Millennium\" series of novels by Stieg Larsson. He starred as a terrorist in the 2011 film, \"Abduction\", directed by John Singleton. He was also part of the permanent ensemble at the Swedish Royal Dramatic Theatre. Nyqvist appeared in the 2011", "title": "Michael Nyqvist" }, { "id": "14835790", "text": "9, 2018. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film) The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is a 2011 psychological crime thriller film based on the 2005 novel of the same name by Stieg Larsson. This film adaptation was directed by David Fincher and written by Steven Zaillian. Starring Daniel Craig as journalist Mikael Blomkvist and Rooney Mara as Lisbeth Salander, it tells the story of Blomkvist's investigation to find out what happened to a woman from a wealthy family who disappeared 40 years prior. He recruits the help of Salander, a computer hacker. Sony Pictures Entertainment began development on", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "105864", "text": "the Oscar-winning soundtrack for the film. The film went on to win many awards, including three Academy Awards for Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Original Score, and Best Film Editing. In 2011, Fincher directed the American version of \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", based on the book by Stieg Larsson, with a script written by Steven Zaillian. The film was shot in Sweden, with Rooney Mara as Lisbeth Salander and Daniel Craig as Mikael Blomkvist. Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross composed the soundtrack for the film, collaborating with Fincher a second time. The film received five Academy Award nominations, including", "title": "David Fincher" }, { "id": "14835737", "text": "in 2009. It took the company a few months to obtain the rights to the novel, while recruiting Zaillian and David Fincher. The casting process for the lead roles was exhaustive and intense; Craig faced scheduling conflicts, and a number of actresses were sought for the role of Lisbeth Salander. The script took over six months to write, which included three months of analyzing the novel. Critics gave the film favorable reviews, praising its bleak tone and lauding Craig and Mara's performances. With a production budget of $90 million the film grossed $232.6 million worldwide. The film was chosen by", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "14835736", "text": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film) The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is a 2011 psychological crime thriller film based on the 2005 novel of the same name by Stieg Larsson. This film adaptation was directed by David Fincher and written by Steven Zaillian. Starring Daniel Craig as journalist Mikael Blomkvist and Rooney Mara as Lisbeth Salander, it tells the story of Blomkvist's investigation to find out what happened to a woman from a wealthy family who disappeared 40 years prior. He recruits the help of Salander, a computer hacker. Sony Pictures Entertainment began development on the film", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "11262854", "text": "Tony Way Tony Paul Way (born 7 October 1978) is an English actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for playing characters on British comedies, most notably \"Dave\" in the film \"Ali G Indahouse\". He has since moved into drama, appearing as Plague in \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", Dontos Hollard in HBO's \"Game of Thrones\", and Thomas Nashe in \"Anonymous\". Way was born in Rochford, Essex and grew up in Wickford, Essex, where he attended the Beauchamps School. Way started his career in comedy and acting at the age of 17 when he, Rhys Thomas, Stephen Burge,", "title": "Tony Way" }, { "id": "3047914", "text": "same year, director Jan Troell returns with yet another period drama, \"Everlasting Moments\" (\"Maria Larssons Eviga Ögonblick\") (2008). In 2009, the feature films \"The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo\" (\"Män som hatar kvinnor\"), \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\" (\"Flickan som lekte med elden\") and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\" (\"Luftslottet som sprängdes\") became international hits with the first film making more than $100 million worldwide. All three films were based on the hit novels of the same names that together comprise the \"Millennium series\" by Swedish author/journalist Stieg Larsson. The Swedish Film Institute was founded in 1963", "title": "Cinema of Sweden" }, { "id": "14835782", "text": "story so long as you allow them to feel sanctified by the occasional meaningless reference to feminism or Nazis.\" The performances were a frequent topic in the critiques. Mara's performance, in particular, was admired by commentators. A revelation in the eyes of \"Entertainment Weekly\" Owen Gleiberman, he proclaimed that her character was more important than \"her ability to solve a crime\". Her \"hypnotic\" portrayal was noted by Justin Chang of \"Variety\", as well as \"Salon\" critic Andrew O'Hehir, who wrote, \"Rooney Mara is a revelation as Lisbeth Salander, the damaged, aggressive computer geek and feminist revenge angel, playing the character", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "7933177", "text": "the Swedish film awards, \"Guldbagge\". More recently, Endre dramatized the character \"Erika Berger,\" editor of the fictional investigative periodical \"Millenium\" in the trilogy of films—\"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo,\" \"The Girl Who Played with Fire,\" and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\" (all 2009)—based on the eponymous trio of Stieg Larsson books. Endre made her English-language debut in Paul Thomas Anderson's movie \"The Master\", alongside Joaquin Phoenix, Philip Seymour Hoffman, Amy Adams, and Laura Dern. Lena Endre received \"Guldbagge\" (Swedish film award) for Best Actress in a Supporting Role in 1997 and for Best Actress in a Leading", "title": "Lena Endre" }, { "id": "11377193", "text": "secret bank account. Blomkvist and Salander spend Christmas together in his holiday retreat. Shortly after, she goes to Blomkvist's home, intending to declare her love for him, but leaves when she sees him with his long-time lover and business partner Erika Berger. As a postscript, Salander continues to monitor Wennerström and after six months, anonymously informs a lawyer in Miami of his whereabouts. Four days later the body of Wennerström is found in Marbella, Spain, shot three times in the head. Larsson makes several literary references to the genre's classic forerunners and comments on contemporary Swedish society. Reviewer Robert Dessaix", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" }, { "id": "14835789", "text": "Álvarez was announced by Sony as director, as well as co-screenwriter with Steven Knight and Jay Basu. \"The Girl in the Spider's Web\" was notably the first adaptation of an installment in the book series to be produced into an English-language film upon its initial release. By March 2017, Álvarez announced that the film would have an entirely new cast, as he wanted the entire film to be his interpretation of the story. In September of the same year, Claire Foy was cast as Lisbeth Salander, replacing Mara, with the film scheduled to be released in the U.S. on November", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "13949333", "text": "Lisbeth Salander Lisbeth Salander is a fictional character created by Swedish author and journalist Stieg Larsson. She is the lead character in Larsson's award-winning \"Millennium\" series, along with the journalist Mikael Blomkvist. Salander first appeared in the 2005 novel \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" (original Swedish title, \"Män som hatar kvinnor\", literally \"Men who hate women\" in English). She reappeared in its sequels: \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\" (2006), \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\" (2007), \"The Girl in the Spider's Web\" (2015), and \"The Girl Who Takes an Eye for an Eye\" (2017). In the only", "title": "Lisbeth Salander" }, { "id": "13741449", "text": "The Girl Who Played with Fire (film) The Girl Who Played with Fire () is a 2009 Swedish thriller film directed by Daniel Alfredson, and the sequel to \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". It is based on the best-selling novel of the same name by the late Swedish author and journalist Stieg Larsson, the second in his \"Millennium\" series. The film follows Lisbeth Salander as she returns to Sweden after spending a year abroad. She falls under suspicion of having murdered a journalist and his girlfriend as well as her own social services guardian, Nils Bjurman. Mikael Blomkvist has", "title": "The Girl Who Played with Fire (film)" }, { "id": "5579796", "text": "appeared onstage at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival in \"A Celebration of Harold Pinter\", directed by John Malkovich at the Pleasance Courtyard. His performance in \"A Celebration of Harold Pinter\" was well-received; one theatre, the Irish Repertory Theatre, added an extra three weeks to the show's run. Sands was nominated for \"Outstanding Solo Performance\" for the 58th Annual Drama Desk Awards (2013). In 2011, Sands appeared in the mystery thriller film \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", an English-language remake of the original version, as the younger version of Henrik Vanger. In 2012, Sands voiced the character of DeFalco in \"\".", "title": "Julian Sands" }, { "id": "12166948", "text": "Niels Arden Oplev Niels Arden Oplev (; born 26 March 1961) is a writer-director from Denmark. Oplev was born in Oue, Denmark. His 1996 film \"Portland\" was entered into the 46th Berlin International Film Festival. He directed \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", the 2009 Swedish film based on Stieg Larsson's novel of the same title and won critical acclaim internationally. Oplev decided to not continue directing the second and third parts of the Millennium Trilogy due to time constraints. The film broke box office records in Europe, grossing over $100 million USD. As announced on 30 November 2012, Oplev", "title": "Niels Arden Oplev" }, { "id": "20176173", "text": "Film Award for Best Actor, being the first Dane to do so. He married the stylist Lis Louis-Jensen in 2010. He is scheduled to appear in the next \"Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" film and \"The Burnt Orange Heresy\". As a side project, he makes music under the moniker This Is Not America. In November 2018, Bang was cast to play Count Dracula in the BBC miniseries \"Dracula\". Claes Bang Claes Kasper Bang (born 28 April 1967) is a Danish actor and musician. He graduated from the Danish National School of Theatre in 1996 and has worked mainly on stage", "title": "Claes Bang" }, { "id": "13621260", "text": "first film was directed by Niels Arden Oplev and the next two by Daniel Alfredson, while the screenplays of the first two were adapted by Nikolaj Arcel and Rasmus Heisterberg, and the last one by Ulf Rydberg and Jonas Frykberg. All three films feature Michael Nyqvist as Mikael Blomkvist and Noomi Rapace as Lisbeth Salander. Yellow Bird and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer partnered with Columbia Pictures to produce an English-language adaptation of the first novel. \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" was written by Steven Zaillian, directed by David Fincher and produced by Scott Rudin, with Daniel Craig as Mikael Blomkvist and Rooney", "title": "Millennium (novel series)" }, { "id": "4453146", "text": "\"Dummy\" (1977), \"The Jewel in the Crown\" (1984), \"Band of Gold\" (1995) and \"The Sins\" (2000). She is also known as Mrs. Pincher, the breastfeeding mother in \"Little Britain\" (2004). Her film credits include \"Gandhi\" (1982), \"The Tall Guy\" (1989), \"Sherlock Holmes\" (2009), \"Alice in Wonderland\" (2010), \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" (2011), and \"45 Years\" (2015). Since 2017, she has starred in the Netflix series \"Anne with an E\". James was born in Maidenhead, Berkshire, to a cardiologist father. She was educated at Downe House, a girls' independent school in Newbury, Berkshire. After graduating from the Drama Centre", "title": "Geraldine James" }, { "id": "14835739", "text": "information about Wennerström, Blomkvist agrees to move to the Hedestad and investigate the disappearance and assumed murder of Henrik's grandniece, Harriet, 40 years ago, to the disappointment of Blomkvist's long-term lover and business partner Erika Berger, who wants him to stay in Stockholm. After moving to the Vanger family's estate, Blomkvist uncovers a notebook containing a list of names and numbers that no one has been able to decipher. Salander, who is under state legal guardianship due to diagnosed mental incompetence, is appointed a new guardian, lawyer Nils Bjurman in control of her finances, after her previous guardian Holger Palmgren,", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "11459092", "text": "Yorick van Wageningen Yorick van Wageningen (born 16 April 1964) is a Dutch actor who has performed in Dutch and American films, including \"The Chronicles of Riddick\" and the 2011 remake of \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Van Wageningen was born in Baarn. After acting in several Dutch plays, movies, and television series, van Wageningen was asked to come to Hollywood to appear in Steven Spielberg's \"Minority Report\". Due to problems with his visa, he was unable to work on that movie, but thereafter acted in a number of American movies, achieving a breakthrough with his role in \"The", "title": "Yorick van Wageningen" }, { "id": "13449189", "text": "Blomkvist publishes a new story on Wennerström in \"Millennium\" which ruins Wennerström and makes the magazine a national sensation. Wennerström is then found dead presumably by suicide. His offshore bank account in the Cayman Islands is raided, and the police suspect a young woman caught on CCTV, whom Blomkvist recognises as Salander in disguise. The film ends with Salander, dressed in disguise as she exits her car, walking along a sunny beach promenade. \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" was well received by critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a normalized score of 86% based on", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "14835745", "text": "When nothing happens, Blomkvist confronts her, deducing that the woman posing as Anita is Harriet herself. She explains that her father and brother had sexually abused her for years, and that Martin saw her kill their father in self-defense. Her cousin, Anita, smuggled her out of the island and let her live under her identity when she moved to London. Finally free of her brother Martin, she returns to Sweden and tearfully reunites with Henrik. As promised, Henrik gives Blomkvist the information on Wennerström, but it proves worthless. Salander hacks into Wennerström's computer and presents Blomkvist with evidence of Wennerström's", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "14765659", "text": "\"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Siwe, however, won the Guldbagge Award for \"Best Director\", and Anki Lidén (Jenna's grandmother) was awarded with \"Best Actress in a Supporting Role\". The film also won awards at international festivals, including the Canadian \"Students Choice Award\" at Sprockets Toronto International Film Festival for Children and the Norwegian \"Don Quijote Award\" at Kristiansand International Children's Film Festival. \"Glowing Stars\" debuted in second place on the Swedish box office chart. Glowing Stars Glowing Stars () is a Swedish film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 30 January 2009, based on the award-winning novel", "title": "Glowing Stars" }, { "id": "14835778", "text": "more. \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" received positive reviews from critics, with particular note to the cast, tone, score and cinematography. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a rating of 86%, based on 236 reviews, with an average rating of 7.6/10. The site's consensus states, \"Brutal yet captivating, \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" is the result of David Fincher working at his lurid best with total role commitment from star Rooney Mara.\" At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized score, the film received an average score of 71 out of 100, based on 41 critics, indicating \"generally", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "13449178", "text": "suspect for the murder as is Harriet's mother and all the other family members who were present on that day. Henrik also shows Blomkvist a room whose walls are covered with pressed flowers. The first ones were gifts from Harriet, and since her disappearance, a flower has arrived each year from different places around the world. Henrik believes that Harriet's killer is sending them. Salander, who was ruled mentally incompetent as a child, is appointed a new legal guardian, Nils Bjurman (Peter Andersson), after her previous guardian suffers a stroke. Bjurman makes it clear to Lisbeth that unless she co-operates", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "11459094", "text": "major roles, a remake of 1973's Papillon, and in pre-production for Simon de Waal's \"The Fear of God\", before shifting his attention to \"improving the position of creators in the Netherlands\". Yorick van Wageningen Yorick van Wageningen (born 16 April 1964) is a Dutch actor who has performed in Dutch and American films, including \"The Chronicles of Riddick\" and the 2011 remake of \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Van Wageningen was born in Baarn. After acting in several Dutch plays, movies, and television series, van Wageningen was asked to come to Hollywood to appear in Steven Spielberg's \"Minority Report\".", "title": "Yorick van Wageningen" }, { "id": "14835758", "text": "over fifteen hours, twelve extras were sought for background roles. Filming also took place in the United Kingdom and the United States. In one sequence the character Martin Vanger plays the song \"Orinoco Flow\" by Enya before beginning his torture of Mikael Blomkvist. David Fincher, the director, said that he believed that Martin \"doesn’t like to kill, he doesn’t like to hear the screams, without hearing his favorite music\" so therefore the character should play a song during the scene. Daniel Craig, the actor who played Blomkvist, selected \"Orinoco Flow\" on his iPod as a candidate song. Fincher said \"And", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "19324212", "text": "the film during an interview in October 2014, stating that it was a psychological thriller and based on the novel, \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". She later did not feature in the film, while the director chose to adapt Writer Sujatha's novella \"Aah\" into the plot of the film. The film began production during March 2016 and was completed in November 2016. Arav, who later became popular with the show \"Bigg Boss\", made his acting debut with this film, and had no lines of dialogue. Saithan Saithan (\"\") is a 2016 Indian Tamil psychological action thriller film written and", "title": "Saithan" }, { "id": "14835765", "text": "sequel, \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\" (2006). A cover of Led Zeppelin's \"Immigrant Song\" (1970) plays throughout the title sequence. The rendition was produced by soundtrack composers Atticus Ross and Nine Inch Nails member Trent Reznor, and features vocals from Yeah Yeah Yeahs lead singer Karen O. Fincher suggested the song, but Reznor agreed only at his request. Led Zeppelin licensed the song only for use in the film's trailer and title sequence. Fincher stated that he sees title sequences as an opportunity to set the stage for the film, or to get an audience to let go of", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "6593713", "text": "David Dencik Karl David Sebastian Dencik (born 31 October 1974) is a Swedish-Danish actor. He has acted in both Swedish and Danish films, and has also had major roles in English-language films including \"Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy\" and \" The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Dencik was born in Stockholm, Sweden. His family moved to Denmark when he was very young. As a teenager, he spent his youth studying in Brazil, where he discovered Capoeira, the Brazilian martial art that combines elements of dance and music. The dance aspect of Capoeira made him take an interest in theatre. He later", "title": "David Dencik" }, { "id": "19482504", "text": "the Elle-gala in 2015 she was announced as Best Dressed Woman of the Year. Malin Buska Malin Kristina Buska, (born 15 March 1984) is a Swedish actress. She was born and grew up in Övertorneå and studied in Luleå. She has acted at the Lule Stassteater and studied acting at Teaterhögskolan in Malmö between 2004 and 2007. She made her film debut in 2011 in the film Happy End. Buska also had a role in the film Snabba Cash III and the leading role in the 2015 film \"The Girl King\", a biographical drama about Christina, Queen of Sweden. In", "title": "Malin Buska" }, { "id": "14573733", "text": "had a major part in Jessica Hausner's \"Lourdes\", and a small role in her first Hollywood film, Quentin Tarantino's \"Inglourious Basterds\". In 2010 she starred alongside Russell Crowe in Ridley Scott's \"Robin Hood\", playing Isabella of Angoulême; other 2010 work includes Louis Garrel's \"Petit Tailleur\", and Rebecca Zlotowski's \"Belle Épine\", which earned her a second César nomination of Most Promising Actress. Seydoux auditioned to play Lisbeth Salander in \"The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo\", but the part ultimately went to actress Rooney Mara. Seydoux recalled in an interview: \"I got upset, but I don't think I'd be able to do", "title": "Léa Seydoux" }, { "id": "16139264", "text": "St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards 2011 The nominees for the 8th St. Louis Film Critics Association Awards were announced on December 12, 2011. George Clooney – \"The Descendants\" as Matt King Rooney Mara – \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" as Lisbeth Salander \"The Tree of Life\" – Emmanuel Lubezki Michel Hazanavicius – \"The Artist\" The Artist Bridesmaids \"13 Assassins (Jūsannin no Shikaku)\" • Japan The Artist \"The Artist\" – Michel Hazanavicius \"The Descendants\" – Nat Faxon, Jim Rash and Alexander Payne Albert Brooks – \"Drive\" as Bernie Rose Bérénice Bejo – \"The Artist\" as Peppy Miller Harry", "title": "St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards 2011" }, { "id": "11459093", "text": "Chronicles of Riddick\". Back in the Netherlands, he starred in \"Winter in Wartime\", based on a Dutch novel about World War II. In 2011 he appeared in \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" along with Daniel Craig, in the role of Nils Bjurman, the sexually abusive guardian of Lisbeth Salander (Rooney Mara). He garnered praise in the Dutch press for his portrayal of Ronnie, an Amsterdam gangster who experiences a spiritual resurrection after miraculously surviving an assassination attempt, in the 2013 film \"De wederopstanding van een klootzak\". In 2017, Van Wageningen was reported to be filming one of his last", "title": "Yorick van Wageningen" }, { "id": "3436856", "text": "Joely Richardson Joely Kim Richardson (born 9 January 1965) is an English actress, known for her role as Julia McNamara in the FX drama series \"Nip/Tuck\" (2003–10), and Queen Catherine Parr in the Showtime series \"The Tudors\" (2010). She has also appeared in films such as \"101 Dalmatians\" (1996), \"Event Horizon\" (1997), \"The Patriot\" (2000), \"Return to Me\" (2000), \"Anonymous\" (2011), the Hollywood film adaptation \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" (2011), and the remake of \"Endless Love\" (2014). Richardson was born in Marylebone, London, to the theatrical Redgrave family, the daughter of actress Vanessa Redgrave and director Tony Richardson,", "title": "Joely Richardson" }, { "id": "17367561", "text": "in \"The Girl in the Spider's Web\", the sequel to \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Hoeks will return to television for the upcoming Apple drama series \"See\" as Queen Kane. Sylvia Hoeks Sylvia Hoeks (; born 1 June 1983) is a Dutch actress and former model best known for her role as Luv in \"Blade Runner 2049\". Hoeks grew up in Maarheeze, Noord-Brabant, Netherlands. She speaks Dutch, German, French, and English. After finishing high school, she attended the Maastricht Academy of Dramatic Arts. Hoeks was scouted by Elite Model Management at age 14. Her first job was a cover", "title": "Sylvia Hoeks" }, { "id": "11377196", "text": "has a strong will and assumes that everyone else does, too. She is portrayed as having suffered every kind of abuse in her young life, including an unnecessary ordered commitment to a psychiatric clinic and subsequent instances of sexual assault suffered at the hands of her court-appointed guardian. Maria de Lurdes Sampaio, in the journal \"Cross-Cultural Communication\", asserts that, \"Blomkvist, a modern Theseus, leads us to the labyrinth of the globalized world, while the series' protagonist, Lisbeth Salander, modeled on the Amazon, is an example of the empowerment of women in crime fiction by playing the role of the 'tough", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" }, { "id": "14835788", "text": "less optimistic about the production of the sequels, though she stated that she was still contractually signed on to reprise the lead role. By November 2015, it was announced that Sony was considering rebooting the franchise, before settling on continuing the film series with an adaptation of \"The Girl in the Spider's Web\". The story is based on a 2015 novel by David Lagercrantz that was a continuation of the original \"Millennium\" trilogy after series creator Stieg Larsson died in 2004. Looking for a new lead in the series, Alicia Vikander was considered by the studio. The following year, Fede", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "19482503", "text": "Malin Buska Malin Kristina Buska, (born 15 March 1984) is a Swedish actress. She was born and grew up in Övertorneå and studied in Luleå. She has acted at the Lule Stassteater and studied acting at Teaterhögskolan in Malmö between 2004 and 2007. She made her film debut in 2011 in the film Happy End. Buska also had a role in the film Snabba Cash III and the leading role in the 2015 film \"The Girl King\", a biographical drama about Christina, Queen of Sweden. In 2011 she was awarded the Rising Star award at the Stockholm Film Festival. At", "title": "Malin Buska" }, { "id": "14964281", "text": "into four episodes on Swedish Television (SVT). She has since then appeared in both children and adult films/TV shows, in particular, \"Ella in two places\" (SVT), \"Dra mig baklänges!\" (SVT), \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\" and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\". In the fall of 2009, Tehilla shouldered a greater role in the Pernilla August film \"Beyond\" where she and Noomi Rapace play the main character Leena (child and adult). The film was first shown in public on the Critic's Week at Venice Film Festival 2010, where it won the Critic's", "title": "Tehilla Blad" }, { "id": "13449176", "text": "Rapace. In December 2002, Mikael Blomkvist, publisher of \"Millennium\" magazine, loses a libel case involving allegations that he published about billionaire financier Hans-Erik Wennerström. He is sentenced to three months in prison. Lisbeth Salander, a surveillance agent and hacker, is hired by Henrik Vanger, the patriarch of the wealthy Vanger family, to investigate Blomkvist. Vanger then hires Blomkvist to investigate the disappearance of his niece, Harriet, who vanished on Children's Day in 1966. Vanger believes that Harriet was murdered by a family member. Henrik explains that his brothers- Gottfried, Richard, and Harald- were all supporters of the Nazi regime. Richard", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "14835785", "text": "publications. It was named the best film of 2011 by MTV and James Berardinelli of \"ReelViews\". The former wrote, \"The director follows up the excellent \"Social Network\" with another tour de force, injecting the murder mystery that introduces us to outcast hacker Lisbeth Salander [...] and embattled journalist [...] with style, intensity and relentless suspense. Mara is a revelation, and the film's daunting 160-minute runtime breezes by thanks to one heart-racing scene after the next. Dark and tough to watch at times, but a triumph all around.\" The film came second in \"indieWire\" list of \"Drew Taylor's Favorite Films Of", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "13449190", "text": "168 reviews, with an average score of 7.2/10 and declares it \"Certified Fresh\". The critical consensus is: \"Its graphic violence and sprawling length will prove too much for some viewers to take, but Noomi Rapace's gripping performance makes \"The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo\" an unforgettable viewing experience.\" Metacritic gives the film a weighted average score of 76% based on reviews from 36 critics. Roger Ebert of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" gave the film four out of four stars, noting that \"[the film] is a compelling thriller to begin with, but it adds the rare quality of having a heroine more", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "14835770", "text": "A promotional campaign commenced thereafter, including a Lisbeth Salander-inspired collection, designed by Trish Summerville for H&M. The worldwide premiere was at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on December 12, 2011, followed by the American opening at the Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City on December 14 and Stockholm the next day. Sony's target demographics were men and women over the age of 25 and 17–34. The film went into general release in North America on December 21, at 2,700 theaters, expanding to 2,974 theaters on its second day. The United Kingdom release was on December 26, Russia on January", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "12247187", "text": "Liv Tyler Liv Rundgren Tyler (born Liv Rundgren; July 1, 1977) is an American actress, producer, and former model. She is best known for her portrayal of Arwen Undómiel in the \"Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy (2001–03). Tyler began a career in modeling at age 14. She later decided to focus on acting, and made her film debut in \"Silent Fall\" (1994). She went on to achieve critical recognition with roles in \"Heavy\", \"Empire Records\" (both 1995), \"That Thing You Do!\", and \"Stealing Beauty\" (both 1996). She then appeared in films such as \"Inventing the Abbotts\" (1997), \"Armageddon\" (1998),", "title": "Liv Tyler" }, { "id": "2019770", "text": "film \"Flynn\" (1996), and \"Legionnaire\" (1998). Berkoff was the main character voice in \"Expelling The Demon\" (1999), a short animation with music by Nick Cave. It received the award for Best Film at the Ukraine Film Festival. He has a cameo in the 2008 film \"The Cottage\". Berkoff appeared in the 2010 British gangster film \"The Big I Am\" as \"The MC\", and in the same year portrayed the antagonist in \"The Tourist\". Berkoff portrayed Dirch Frode, attorney to Henrik Vanger (Christopher Plummer), in David Fincher's 2011 adaptation of \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Another 2011 credit is the", "title": "Steven Berkoff" }, { "id": "957929", "text": "Tjorven The name \"Tjorven\" comes from a popular Swedish family show on television in the early 1960s. Based on a script by the Swedish author Astrid Lindgren, the story is about a number of characters living in the archipelago outside Stockholm. A central character is a plump and sunny little girl nicknamed Tjorven. In the movies of Saltkråkan the character was portrayed by Swedish actress Maria Johansson. In Stieg Larsson's \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", 'Tjorven' appears also as the name for a cat character Mikael Blomkvist finds during his stay at a guest house. Tjorven was also one", "title": "Tjorven" }, { "id": "11377186", "text": "discovering what happened to Vanger's grandniece, Harriet, who disappeared in 1966 during a family gathering at the Vanger estate on Hedeby Island, when the island was temporarily cut off from the mainland by a traffic accident on the bridge. Blomkvist moves to the island and begins to research the Vanger family history and Harriet's disappearance. As he does so, he meets most of the remaining Vanger clan, including Harriet's brother Martin, current CEO of the company; Isabella, Martin and Harriet's mother; and Cecilia, a headmistress who was Harriet's younger aunt and friend. Meanwhile, Salander's legal guardian Holger Palmgrem suffers a", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" }, { "id": "14835786", "text": "2011\", while reaching the top ten of seven other publications, including the \"St. Louis Post-Dispatch\", \"San Francisco Chronicle\", and the \"New Orleans Times-Picayune\". \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" was declared one of the best films of the year by the American Film Institute, as well as the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures. In December 2011, Fincher stated that the creative team involved planned to film the sequels \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\" and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\", \"back to back.\" There was an announced release date of 2013 for a film version of", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "11835448", "text": "Jeff Cronenweth Jeffrey Scott Cronenweth, (born January 14, 1962) is an American cinematographer based in Los Angeles, California who is best known for his role as the director of photography on the David Fincher films \"Fight Club\", \"The Social Network\", and \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" (the latter two earned him Academy Award for Best Cinematography nominations). He graduated from the USC School of Cinematic Arts and was invited to join the cinematographers branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2004. He is the son of Jordan Cronenweth, one of the most influential cinematographers in", "title": "Jeff Cronenweth" }, { "id": "11377191", "text": "Believing that Cecilia's sister Anita, who now lives in London, is the only relative who might know something about Harriet's fate, Blomkvist and Salander meet her and learn that Harriet is still alive and living under Anita's name in Australia. When Blomkvist flies there to meet her, Harriet tells him the truth about her disappearance: her father and brother had repeatedly raped her, until she killed her father in self-defense. Martin was sent away to preparatory school, but he returned the day of her disappearance. Harriet realized she needed to escape, so she found a place to hide during the", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" }, { "id": "6593716", "text": "Dimension Films thriller \"Regression\". In 2017 he played brothel owner Alexander \"Puss\" Braun, in Jane Campion's acclaimed \"Top of the Lake\". \"McMafia\" (2018) saw Dencik play Russian Boss, Uncle Boris Godman, inspired by the book \"McMafia: A Journey Through the Global Criminal Underworld\" (2008) by journalist Misha Glenny. David Dencik Karl David Sebastian Dencik (born 31 October 1974) is a Swedish-Danish actor. He has acted in both Swedish and Danish films, and has also had major roles in English-language films including \"Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy\" and \" The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". Dencik was born in Stockholm, Sweden. His", "title": "David Dencik" }, { "id": "16139265", "text": "Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 We Need to Talk About Kevin \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\": opening credits St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards 2011 The nominees for the 8th St. Louis Film Critics Association Awards were announced on December 12, 2011. George Clooney – \"The Descendants\" as Matt King Rooney Mara – \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" as Lisbeth Salander \"The Tree of Life\" – Emmanuel Lubezki Michel Hazanavicius – \"The Artist\" The Artist Bridesmaids \"13 Assassins (Jūsannin no Shikaku)\" • Japan The Artist \"The Artist\" – Michel Hazanavicius \"The Descendants\" – Nat", "title": "St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards 2011" }, { "id": "13449187", "text": "discover that Harriet has been using Anita's name and is still alive in Australia. Blomkvist flies there to look for her, and he persuades her to return to Sweden, where she is reunited with her uncle. Harriet explains the truth about her disappearance: that her father and her brother had repeatedly raped her; that she killed her father by drowning him, which was witnessed by Martin; and that her cousin Anita had smuggled her away from the island after Martin returned from school. Harriet notes that her brother was harsher to her than her father and that she knew that", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "14835753", "text": "can viscerally feel the need for revenge but also see the power of the ideas being expressed.\" Instead of the typical three-act structure, they reluctantly chose a five-act structure, which Fincher pointed out is \"very similar to a lot of TV cop dramas.\" Fincher and Zaillian's central objective was to maintain the novel's setting. To portray Larsson's vision of Sweden, and the interaction of light on its landscape, Fincher cooperated with an artistic team that included cinematographer Jeff Cronenweth and production designer Donald Graham Burt. The film was wholly shot using Red Digital Cinema Camera Company's RED MX digital camera,", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "14835746", "text": "crimes. Blomkvist publishes an article that ruins Wennerström, who immediately flees the country. Salander hacks into Wennerström's bank accounts and, travelling to Switzerland in disguise, transfers two billion euros to various accounts. Wennerström is murdered by an unknown person. Salander reveals to her former guardian Holger Palmgren that she has made a friend and is happy. On her way to give Blomkvist a Christmas present, Salander sees him together with Erika, though he had said he was going to see his daughter that evening. Heartbroken, Salander discards the gift and rides away. The success of Stieg Larsson's novel created Hollywood", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "3595701", "text": "\"Wallander\" TV series, and the films \"Headhunters\" and \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\". The series is a political thriller which envisages what would happen if Norway were to be invaded by Russia in order to seize the nation's oil resources. The first season premiered in October 2015, the second in September 2017. Jo Nesbø Jo Nesbø (; born 29 March 1960) is a Norwegian writer, musician, and former economist and reporter. As of March 2014, more than 3 million copies of his novels have been sold in Norway, and his work has been translated into over 40 languages, selling", "title": "Jo Nesbø" }, { "id": "12626754", "text": "After settling in Los Angeles, Mr Hereford guest starred in an episode of the Nickelodeon TV series True Jackson, VP opposite comedy actor Greg Proops, Happily Divorced opposite Fran Drescher and Joan Collins and on HBO series True Blood. In 2012 he played Martin, the harassed Dorchester Manager in the highly publicized Television movie \"Liz & Dick\" opposite Lindsay Lohan. On the big screen Hereford had a role in the U.S. version of \"The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo\", which was directed by David Fincher and starred Daniel Craig, He also starred in the horror film Liars All. in 2013", "title": "Henry Hereford" }, { "id": "14835742", "text": "investigate the notebook's content. She uncovers a connection to a series of murders of young women from 1947 through to 1967, with the women either being Jewish or having Biblical names; many of the Vangers are known antisemites. One morning, Blomkvist finds the mutilated corpse of a cat he'd been tending to and one night while walking, he is shot at and narrowly escapes. While Salander tends to his injuries, they have sex and become lovers. Henrik's openly national socialist brother Harald identifies Martin, Harriet's brother and operational head of the Vanger empire, and Blomkvist marks Martin as a possible", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "12046152", "text": "of murders. Mara won the role over several other actresses after two and a half months of auditions and screen tests. David Fincher directed the first film, based on the novel \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", with Scott Rudin producing. The other books, \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\", and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\", may be adapted, depending on box office performance. Fincher initially did not picture her as the character but changed his mind when she auditioned. He convinced executives at Columbia Pictures to cast her for the part. \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\"", "title": "Rooney Mara" }, { "id": "12858404", "text": "Anthony Lane wrote that \"she is evidently, and profitably, aware of her sultriness, and of how much, down to the last inch, it contributes to the contours of her reputation.\" Johansson said that she disliked being sexualized, and that a preoccupation with a person's attractiveness does not last. She lost the lead role of Lisbeth Salander in \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" (2011), as the film's director, David Fincher, thought she was \"too sexy\" for the part. Johansson ranks highly in several beauty listings. \"Maxim\" included her in their Hot 100 from 2006 to 2014. She has been named", "title": "Scarlett Johansson" }, { "id": "14576985", "text": "Cecilia Vanger, Harriet Vanger and Monica Figuerola. In the 2009 Swedish version of \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" and its two sequels, Blomkvist is played by Michael Nyqvist. In the 2011 English adaptation, Blomkvist is played by Daniel Craig. In \"The Girl in the Spider's Web\", he will be portrayed by Sverrir Gudnason. Mikael Blomkvist Mikael Blomkvist is a fictional character created by Swedish author and journalist Stieg Larsson. He is a main character of Larsson's award-winning \"Millennium\" series, along with Lisbeth Salander. Larsson stated in interviews that he based many characters, including that of Lisbeth Salander, on characters", "title": "Mikael Blomkvist" }, { "id": "957930", "text": "of many nicknames for a woman who was accused of eating children in Romania Tjorven The name \"Tjorven\" comes from a popular Swedish family show on television in the early 1960s. Based on a script by the Swedish author Astrid Lindgren, the story is about a number of characters living in the archipelago outside Stockholm. A central character is a plump and sunny little girl nicknamed Tjorven. In the movies of Saltkråkan the character was portrayed by Swedish actress Maria Johansson. In Stieg Larsson's \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", 'Tjorven' appears also as the name for a cat character", "title": "Tjorven" }, { "id": "14127436", "text": "Bros. In October 2016, Álvarez was brought on to direct an adaptation of Incognito for Sony Pictures, based on a script by Daniel Casey. On April 13, 2017, Álvarez was confirmed to direct and co-write a spin-off to \"Labyrinth\" with Nicole Perlman and Jay Basu. Álvarez helmed the reboot of the English-language \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" series, with the film being based on \"The Girl in the Spider's Web\". The film featured an entirely new cast compared to the 2011 film, and was released on November 9, 2018. He will direct a live action film adaptation of \"Dante's", "title": "Fede Álvarez (filmmaker)" }, { "id": "16238868", "text": "Tanja Lorentzon Tanja Mirjam Cecilia Lorentzon (née: Tanja Mirjam Cecilia Koukonen; 25 September 1971), previously known as Tanja Svedjeström, is a Sweden-Finnish actress and dramatist of Finnish descent. Internationally, she is probably best known for her role of Sonja Modig in \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\" and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\", film adaptations of the \"Millennium\" series by Stieg Larsson. Lorentzon was born in Tumba, Stockholm County, Sweden, to Finnish parents. In her youth, Lorentzon worked as an engineer in the Ericsson, Inc., a cleaner and a teacher before entering the Swedish National Academy of Mime", "title": "Tanja Lorentzon" }, { "id": "436634", "text": "art, and film. Specifically, Uppsala University has appeared notably in \"Män som hatar kvinnor\" or \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" by Stieg Larsson. The Norwegian pop singer Kirsti Sparboe dedicated one of her biggest successes to Uppsala University, publishing in 1969 the song \"Ein Student aus Uppsala\". The song, originally written in German, lasted 14 weeks in the German charts. Uppsala University appears as a research centre in the strategy game \"\". Uppsala University appears in the novel \"S.\" by Doug Dorst and J. J. Abrams. The fictional author V. M. Straka of \"Ship of Theseus\" sends Mr. Grahn", "title": "Uppsala University" }, { "id": "436261", "text": "The Gösta Knutsson children's book series \"Pelle Svanslös\" are set in Uppsala. In Stieg Larsson's novel \"The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo\", Richard, Harald, and Greger Vanger attend university in Uppsala where they form Nazi affiliations. Uppsala is mentioned in German heavy metal band Rebellion's song \"Sweden\". In the History Channel's Canadian-Irish TV series \"Vikings\", Uppsala is visited by Ragnar Lothbrok and his entourage to worship the Aesir Gods and offer a human sacrifice to appease them. In that visit Lothbrok meets Uppsala's King Horik. In Brad Thor's novel \"Full Black\", Scot Harvath leads a black-ops team in Uppsala to", "title": "Uppsala" }, { "id": "14835754", "text": "chosen to help evoke Larsson's tone. The idea, according to Cronenweth, was to employ unorthodox light sources and maintain a realistic perspective. \"So there may be shadows, there may be flaws, but it's reality. You allow silhouettes and darkness, but at the same time we also wanted shots to counter that, so it would not all be one continuous dramatic image.\" Sweden's climate was a crucial element in enhancing the mood. Cronenweth commented, \"It's always an element in the background and it was very important that you feel it as an audience member. The winter becomes like a silent character", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "13449177", "text": "died during the war and is not a suspect for Harriet's murder. Gottfried is described as having been in the Hitler Youth, an aggressive alcoholic whose marriage to Harriet and Martin's mother was cold and toxic, and the two lived separately with the children living with their father. Henrik also says that he 'never saw anyone be a worse mother than she was to Harriet'. Gottfried died one year before Harriet disappeared by accidentally drowning in a lake, and Henrik then took responsibility for Martin and Harriet. Harald is a recluse who still holds strong Nazi views and is a", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "18999134", "text": "Saga Becker Saga Becker (born 1988) is a Swedish actress and transgender woman. Becker is known for her work on \"Something Must Break\" (2014) for which she was nominated for a Rising Star Award at the Stockholm Film Festival in 2014 and won a Guldbagge Award for Best Female Lead Role in 2015. Becker grew up in Eringsboda, Sweden, in a wooded area outside Ronneby. Today she resides in Stockholm. Becker is the eldest child of her parents and has two younger brothers. As a child she knew she was different and tried to create a dream world where she", "title": "Saga Becker" }, { "id": "11835451", "text": "keep a shallow depth of field to keep the audience focused on what we wanted them to see.\" Jeff Cronenweth Jeffrey Scott Cronenweth, (born January 14, 1962) is an American cinematographer based in Los Angeles, California who is best known for his role as the director of photography on the David Fincher films \"Fight Club\", \"The Social Network\", and \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" (the latter two earned him Academy Award for Best Cinematography nominations). He graduated from the USC School of Cinematic Arts and was invited to join the cinematographers branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts", "title": "Jeff Cronenweth" }, { "id": "13449186", "text": "much attention. As Martin is in the process of hanging Blomkvist, Salander appears and attacks Martin with a golf club. While she frees Blomkvist, Martin flees in his car. Salander gives chase on her motorcycle. When Martin drives off the road, Salander finds him still alive but trapped in the vehicle. As the car goes up in flames, she makes no attempt to save him. Blomkvist realises that Cecilia's late sister Anita was the near-double of Harriet and that some of the film taken on the day of Harriet's disappearance shows Anita, not Harriet as previously thought. Blomkvist and Salander", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "12799276", "text": "with her cast members and garnering a Critics' Choice Television Award nomination Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. Hyland is also known for her roles in the films \"Geek Charming\" (2011), \"Struck by Lightning\" (2012), \"Scary Movie 5\" (2013), \"Vampire Academy\" (2014), \"See You in Valhalla\" (2015) and \"Dirty Dancing\" (2017). Hyland was born in Manhattan, New York, the daughter of actors Melissa Canaday and Edward James Hyland. She is the sister of actor Ian Hyland. She attended the Professional Performing Arts School in Manhattan. Hyland has been acting since her first role as Howard Stern's daughter in the", "title": "Sarah Hyland" }, { "id": "14835755", "text": "in the film giving everything a low, cool-colored light that is super soft and non-direct.\" To get acquainted with Swedish culture, Burt set out on a month-long expedition across the country. He said of the process, \"It takes time to start really taking in the nuances of a culture, to start seeing the themes that recur in the architecture, the landscape, the layouts of the cities and the habits of the people. I felt I had to really integrate myself into this world to develop a true sense of place for the film. It was not just about understanding the", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "14888258", "text": "2011. The \"Millennium\" TV miniseries is a compilation of the three Swedish film adaptations, \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\", and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\" with extended scenes, adding more depth in both the stories and the characters. The series was produced by Yellow Bird in cooperation with several production companies, including SVT, Nordisk Film, Film i Väst and ZDF Enterprises. At Kristallen 2010. The miniseries was divided into 6 episodes total, with each episode of the series is about 90 minutes long, making the television series about 110 minutes longer", "title": "Millennium (miniseries)" }, { "id": "10998966", "text": "David Stuart (actor) David Stuart (born 19 December 1965) is a Canadian actor, best known for his work as Pete in the \"Supernatural\" \"Season 7\" episode \"The Girl with the Dungeons and Dragons Tattoo\". Born in Edmonton, Alberta, Stuart grew up in Fredericton, New Brunswick. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in Theatre at the University of Victoria, and attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in Los Angeles. While studying his craft, Stuart worked as a background performer in films (\"Bird on a Wire\") and television (\"21 Jump Street\", episode 47). His first guest-starring role was on the", "title": "David Stuart (actor)" }, { "id": "10998963", "text": "David Stuart (actor) David Stuart (born 19 December 1965) is a Canadian actor, best known for his work as Pete in the \"Supernatural\" \"Season 7\" episode \"The Girl with the Dungeons and Dragons Tattoo\". Born in Edmonton, Alberta, Stuart grew up in Fredericton, New Brunswick. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in Theatre at the University of Victoria, and attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in Los Angeles. While studying his craft, Stuart worked as a background performer in films (\"Bird on a Wire\") and television (\"21 Jump Street\", episode 47). His first guest-starring role was on the", "title": "David Stuart (actor)" }, { "id": "19197687", "text": "The Girl King The 2015 film The Girl King is a biographical drama about Christina, Queen of Sweden. It was directed by Mika Kaurismäki and written by Michel Marc Bouchard who, following writing the screenplay for the film, wrote his stage play \"Christine, La Reine-Garçon\" which enjoyed a successful run in 2012 at Montreal’s Théâtre du Nouveau Monde and then in English at the Stratford Festival in 2014. The film premiered at the Montreal World Film Festival. The film has received divided acclaim. At Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 47%, based on 15 reviews and an average", "title": "The Girl King" }, { "id": "16076360", "text": "2011 Golden Globe award for Best Original Score – Motion Picture, and won the 2012 Grammy award for Best Score Soundtrack For Visual Media. The album debuted on the UK Albums Chart on 7 January 2012 at position 199. A teaser trailer for the film was released online on June 2, 2011, (previously being attached to certain domestic and international films), featuring a cover of Led Zeppelin's \"Immigrant Song\", by Reznor, Ross and Karen O (from the Yeah Yeah Yeahs). On August 10, the film's official website was updated to feature background music \"She Reminds Me of You\", under the", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "10931707", "text": "remains of the first Swedish aviator, Carl Cederström, also known as Kalle Flygare. The island has a 36-hole golf course, as well as tennis courts. A nude beach is located at Återvallssjön, the first of its kind in Sweden. Ingarö has been the location for movie-making, including parts of the 1993 film \"Sune's Summer\" and parts of \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" featuring Daniel Craig. On 14 June 2008, Esbjorn Svensson (great pianist for the jazz band E.S.T) went missing during a scuba diving session. His diving companions, including an instructor and his then 14-year-old son, eventually found him", "title": "Ingarö" }, { "id": "13375185", "text": "Dragon Tattoo\", for which she won the Guldbagge Award (Sweden's top film award) and was nominated for a BAFTA Award and European Film Award. She later appeared in the same role in the sequels \"The Girl Who Played with Fire\", and \"The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest\" (all three were subsequently recut as a six-part miniseries aired on Swedish television called \"Millennium\"). Her first English-speaking role was the character of Madame Simza Heron in Guy Ritchie's \",\" released in 2011. Her international fame has earned her leading roles in mainstream cinema. She was cast in Ridley Scott's blockbuster hit", "title": "Noomi Rapace" }, { "id": "7241524", "text": "She made her acting début in the 2011 film \"Limitless\", appearing alongside Bradley Cooper and Robert De Niro. Winberg is the host of Sweden's Next Top Model, Cycle 6, despite previously having been openly critical of the Top Model programme. Caroline is also one of the three supermodel coaches on The Face UK. Caroline Winberg Caroline Maria Winberg (born 27 March 1985) is a Swedish supermodel and actress. Caroline Winberg was born in Sollentuna, Sweden. Winberg, a tomboy and aspiring professional football player in her youth for AIK from Solna a suburb north Stockholm, was en route to football training", "title": "Caroline Winberg" }, { "id": "13518935", "text": "Tova Magnusson Tova Dorothea Magnusson (born 18 June 1968), also credited under her former married name as Tova Magnusson Norling, is a Swedish film and television actress; comedian; and film director. She is best known outside Sweden for her role in the Danish-Swedish series The Bridge\" (2013). She was born in Huddinge and raised in Sorunda, both in Stockholm County, Sweden. She was married to fellow Swedish actor and director Figge Norling from 1992 until their divorce in 2004. They have two children. In 1997, with Simon Norrthorn, Malin Cederblad and Figge Norling, she formed \"Gruppen\" (\"The Group\"). Their first", "title": "Tova Magnusson" }, { "id": "13449192", "text": "release of David Fincher's 2011 film adaptation of the novel. In France, the audience of the Canal+ broadcast of the first part on 22 March 2010 was 1.2 million (18% of the channel's subscribers in the country) and the largest audience of a foreign series at Canal+ that year. A home video set of all six parts of the mini-series was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc by Music Box Home Entertainment on 6 December 2011. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film) The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (, literally \"Men who hate women\") is a 2009 Swedish", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film)" }, { "id": "15680794", "text": "a judge. However, at the age of 29, she instead pursued acting at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. Yung's first roles were on TV after she started receiving acting role proposals when she was 20 years old. Following her 2004 film debut as female lead Tsu in , she played the gang lord Tao in \"\". Yung returned to TV for the first three seasons of the successful police series, with . Yung appeared in the 2011 film \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\" as Miriam Wu, a romantic interest of Lisbeth Salander. In 2013, she appeared", "title": "Élodie Yung" }, { "id": "18086206", "text": "(2011)\" with Linda Cardellini, Michael Shannon and John Slattery), edited by Harry Yoon (\"Drunktown's Finest\", \"The Newsroom\"). The score was composed by Michael Tuller, a longtime collaborator of Trent Reznor who also worked on \"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011)\" and \"The Social Network\". It was produced by Steak House (\"Life Partners\") and Valerie Stadler (\"Sunset Stories\"). The soundtrack also features songs by Queens of the Stone Age, Yellow Claw (Mad Decent) and Los Payos. ISA premiered in Los Angeles on May 21, 2014. It premiered in New York City on May 28, 2014. Television premieres: The film is", "title": "Isa (film)" }, { "id": "16163131", "text": "Swedish Musicians’ Union Svenska Musikerförbundet (SMF), and Swedish Artists’ and Musicians’ Interest Organization SAMI. Ali Sadeghian is also a model and an actor and has appeared in movies such as, \"Bibliotekstjuven\", \"Hamilton: I nationens interesse\",\"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\", short films such as, \"Kärlek och Kaffébröd\", “Gör det själv då”, music videos such as, \"Sadness is a blessing\" by Lykke Li, “Speedmarket Avenue-You Can’t follow” by Isak Klasson, “Sinner’s Heist” by Cantoreggi, “Queer At Heart” by Kristian Kaspersen, and many Swedish TV commercials and TV programmes such as, “Hellenius Hörna“. Between 2012 and 2015, Ali Sadeghian continued his artistic", "title": "Ali Sadeghian" }, { "id": "14835744", "text": "an icy road, the SUV runs off the road and flips upside down with Martin inside; as Salander approaches Martin with a pistol to shoot him, the car explodes and kills Martin. Salander nurses Blomkvist back to health and tells him that she tried to kill her father when she was 12 which led to her being under state care. Blomkvist deduces that Harriet is still alive and her cousin Anita probably knows where she is. They travel to London where Anita has been living since leaving Sweden and he and Salander monitor her, waiting for her to contact Harriet.", "title": "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)" }, { "id": "15856631", "text": "Angela Kovács Angela Anna Margareta Kovács (born 23 May 1964 in Vaksala, Uppland) is a Swedish actress of partial Hungarian descent, as her family name indicates. She studied at the Gothenburg Theatre Academy from 1987 until 1990. She then began her career as a stage actress, working at the Gothenburg City Theatre, the Helsingborg City Theater, and the Royal Dramatic Theatre. She began her film career in 2001 in \"Hans och hennes\" by Daniel Lind Lagerlöf. From 2005 to 2007 she played Ann-Britt Höglund in the \"Wallander\" series of television films based on the eponymous novels. More recently she has", "title": "Angela Kovács" }, { "id": "4900897", "text": "Pernilla August Pernilla August (, born Mia Pernilla Hertzman-Ericson; 13 February 1958) is a Swedish actress, director and screenwriter. Being one of Sweden's leading actresses and a longtime collaborator with director Ingmar Bergman, she won the Best Actress Award at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival for her role in his \"The Best Intentions\". She is best known for portraying Shmi Skywalker in \"\" and \"\". August started acting during her childhood in theatre and at school. Her professional acting career started in 1975 when director Roy Andersson cast her in a minor role in the film \"Giliap\" the same year,", "title": "Pernilla August" } ]	actress in the girl with the dragon tattoo swedish
[ "Mary Eileen McDonnell" ]	[ { "id": "2757557", "text": "of \"Execution of Justice\", \"The Heidi Chronicles\", and \"Summer and Smoke\". After more than 21 years of theater and television work, McDonnell made her film breakthrough in 1990 as Stands With A Fist, the daughter of American settlers raised by Sioux Indians, in Kevin Costner's \"Dances with Wolves\". Portraying the adopted daughter of Graham Greene's character Kicking Bird, McDonnell, then 37, was only ten months younger than Greene and less than two years younger than Tantoo Cardinal, who played Black Shawl, her adoptive mother. She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the role. McDonnell's role", "title": "Mary McDonnell" }, { "id": "2757555", "text": "Mary McDonnell Mary Eileen McDonnell (born April 28, 1952) is an American film, stage, and television actress. She received Academy Award nominations for her roles as Stands With A Fist in \"Dances with Wolves\" and May-Alice Culhane in \"Passion Fish\". McDonnell is well known for her performances as President Laura Roslin in \"Battlestar Galactica\", the First Lady in \"Independence Day\", and Rose in \"Donnie Darko\". She was featured as Captain Sharon Raydor during seasons 5–7 of the TNT series \"The Closer\" and starred as Commander Sharon Raydor in the spin-off series \"Major Crimes\" on the same network. McDonnell was born", "title": "Mary McDonnell" }, { "id": "2757562", "text": "Mell and Olivia Mell. Mary McDonnell Mary Eileen McDonnell (born April 28, 1952) is an American film, stage, and television actress. She received Academy Award nominations for her roles as Stands With A Fist in \"Dances with Wolves\" and May-Alice Culhane in \"Passion Fish\". McDonnell is well known for her performances as President Laura Roslin in \"Battlestar Galactica\", the First Lady in \"Independence Day\", and Rose in \"Donnie Darko\". She was featured as Captain Sharon Raydor during seasons 5–7 of the TNT series \"The Closer\" and starred as Commander Sharon Raydor in the spin-off series \"Major Crimes\" on the same", "title": "Mary McDonnell" }, { "id": "3793983", "text": "Rodney A. Grant Rodney Arnold Grant (born March 9, 1959) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as \"Wind In His Hair\" (Lakota: \"Pȟehíŋ Otȟáte\") in the 1990 film \"Dances with Wolves\". Grant, a Native American, was raised on the Omaha Reservation in Macy, Nebraska. After his biological parents abandoned him, his grandparents raised him from six months of age, until 1982. Besides \"Dances with Wolves\", he has also appeared in films such as \"Ghosts of Mars\", \"Wild Wild West\", \"\", \"\", \"Wagons East!\", \"The Substitute\", \"War Party\", and \"Powwow Highway\". He portrayed \"Chingachgook\" in the", "title": "Rodney A. Grant" }, { "id": "1186730", "text": "it went unsold in the mid-1980s. However, Kevin Costner had starred in Blake's only previous film, \"Stacy's Knights\" (1983), and encouraged Blake in early 1986 to turn the Western screenplay into a novel to improve its chances of being produced. The novel was rejected by numerous publishers but finally published in paperback in 1988. The rights were purchased by Costner, with an eye on directing it. Actual production lasted for four months, from July 18 to November 23, 1989. Most of the movie was filmed on location in South Dakota, mainly on private ranches near Pierre and Rapid City, with", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "1186719", "text": "Dances with Wolves Dances with Wolves is a 1990 American epic Western film starring, directed and produced by Kevin Costner. It is a film adaptation of the 1988 book of the same name by Michael Blake that tells the story of Union Army lieutenant John J. Dunbar (Costner) who travels to the American frontier to find a military post and of his dealings with a group of Lakota Indians. Costner developed the film with an initial budget of $15 million. \"Dances with Wolves\" had high production values. Much of the dialogue is spoken in Lakota with English subtitles. It was", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "1186720", "text": "shot from July to November 1989 in South Dakota and Wyoming, and translated by Albert White Hat, the chair of the Lakota Studies Department at Sinte Gleska University. The film earned favorable reviews from critics and audiences, who praised Costner's directing, the performances, screenplay, and production values. The film was a massive box office hit, grossing $424.2 million worldwide, making it the fourth highest-grossing film of 1990, and is the highest-grossing film for Orion Pictures. The film was nominated for twelve Academy Awards at the 63rd Academy Awards and won seven including Best Picture, Best Director for Costner, Best Adapted", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "516136", "text": "take the role. Before accepting the role, Costner conducted extensive research on Garrison, including meeting the man and his enemies. Two months after finally signing on to play Garrison in January 1991, his film \"Dances with Wolves\" won seven Academy Awards and so his presence greatly enhanced \"JFK\"s bankability in the studio's eyes. Tommy Lee Jones was originally considered for another role that was ultimately cut from the film and Stone then decided to cast him as Shaw. In preparation for the film, Jones interviewed Garrison on three different occasions and talked to others who had worked with Shaw and", "title": "JFK (film)" }, { "id": "1187452", "text": "debut was in 1983 in \"Running Brave\". He appeared in such films as \"Revolution\" and \"Powwow Highway\", as well as the First Nations' CBC TV series \"Spirit Bay\". It was his Academy Award–nominated role as Kicking Bird (Lakota: \"Ziŋtká Nagwáka\") in the 1990 film \"Dances with Wolves\" that brought him fame. He followed this role with films and performances on TV series, including \"Thunderheart\", \"Benefit of the Doubt\", and \"Maverick\", and the television series \"Northern Exposure\" and \"The Red Green Show\". Greene also acted alongside Bruce Willis and Samuel L. Jackson in the 1995 film \"Die Hard with a Vengeance\",", "title": "Graham Greene (actor)" }, { "id": "10907626", "text": "Nathan Lee Chasing His Horse Nathan Lee Chasing His Horse, aka Nathan Chasing Horse and Nathan Chases His Horse (born April 28, 1976) is a Native American actor. Formerly from the Rosebud Lakota Sioux Nation, he has spent most of his adult life in California, and now lives in Las Vegas, NV. Chasing His Horse played the part of \"Smiles A Lot\" (Lakota: \"Iȟá s’a\") in Kevin Costner's movie \"Dances with Wolves\". He appeared in three TNT telefilms with First Nations actor Eric Schweig: \"The Broken Chain\", \"Into the West\" and \"Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee\". On July 6,", "title": "Nathan Lee Chasing His Horse" }, { "id": "1186733", "text": "twelve Academy Award nominations and won seven, including Best Writing, Adapted Screenplay (Michael Blake), Best Director (Kevin Costner), and Best Picture of the Year. In 2007, the Library of Congress selected \"Dances with Wolves\" for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. Native American activist and actor Russell Means was less kind about some aspects of the film's technical accuracy. In 2009, he said \"Remember \"Lawrence of Arabia\"? That was Lawrence of the Plains. The odd thing about making that movie is that they had a woman teaching the actors the Lakota language, but Lakota has a male-gendered language", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "5731489", "text": "Kirk Baltz William Kirk Baltz (born September 14, 1959) is an American actor, perhaps best known for portraying Officer Marvin Nash in \"Reservoir Dogs\" (1992). Baltz was born in New York City, New York. He is best known for his role as Officer Marvin Nash, an LAPD police officer in the famous torture scene of the 1992 Quentin Tarantino film \"Reservoir Dogs\". Baltz also starred in another film written by Tarantino, 1994's \"Natural Born Killers\", as Roger. His other film credits include the 1990 drama film \"Dances With Wolves\", the 1997 action film \"Face/Off\" and the 1998 political satire \"Bulworth\".", "title": "Kirk Baltz" }, { "id": "1186721", "text": "Screenplay, Best Film Editing, Best Cinematography, Best Original Score, and Best Sound Mixing. The film also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama. The film is credited as a leading influence for the revitalization of the Western genre of filmmaking in Hollywood. In 2007, \"Dances with Wolves\" was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\". In 1863, First Lieutenant John J. Dunbar is wounded in battle at St. David's Field in Tennessee. Choosing death in battle over amputation of his leg,", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "5776721", "text": "but pivotal role in the film \"Dances with Wolves\", portraying Major Fambrough, an Army fort commander who kills himself as a result of becoming insane. Chaykin had his first starring role in \"Whale Music\", a 1994 film in which he played a burned-out rock star, a character based largely on Brian Wilson. Chaykin was named Best Actor at the 15th Genie Awards for his portrayal. Chaykin also had roles on the television series \"Seeing Things\" and \"Emily of New Moon\" as well as a recurring role as the intergalactic gourmand Nerus (a nod to Nero Wolfe) in \"Stargate SG-1\". Chaykin", "title": "Maury Chaykin" }, { "id": "1283202", "text": "Kevin Costner Kevin Michael Costner (born January 18, 1955) is an American actor, director, producer, and musician. His accolades include two Academy Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and one Emmy Award. Costner has played Eliot Ness in \"The Untouchables\", Crash Davis in \"Bull Durham\", Ray Kinsella in \"Field of Dreams\", Lt. John J. Dunbar in \"Dances with Wolves\", for which he won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture, Jim Garrison in \"JFK\", Robin Hood in \"\", Frank Farmer in \"The Bodyguard\", Roy McAvoy in \"Tin Cup\", Jonathan Kent in the DC Extended Universe,", "title": "Kevin Costner" }, { "id": "6133841", "text": "Louisiana. Meeting recently returned Vietnam Veterans, Studi volunteered for active service and went to Vietnam with A Company of the 3rd Battalion 39th Infantry, 9th Infantry Division. He served 18 months in Vietnam. After his discharge, Studi became politically active in American Indian activism. He participated in the Wounded Knee Incident at Pine Ridge Reservation in 1973. Studi appeared in his first film, \"The Trial of Standing Bear\", in 1988. He is best known for his roles as ruthless Native American warriors, such as a Pawnee in \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990), and Magua in \"The Last of the Mohicans\" (1992).", "title": "Wes Studi" }, { "id": "17434451", "text": "Dances with Wolves (novel) Dances with Wolves is a 1988 novel written by Michael Blake. It was written as a possible source for a screenplay, and was later adapted by the author, and was produced as a film of the same name in 1990 by Kevin Costner, although there were many differences between the novel and film. The novel is set during the American Civil War. The protagonist of the novel, Lt. John Dunbar, is a white man who ends up in the wilderness and comes to live with a tribe of Comanche, eventually taking on the name Dances with", "title": "Dances with Wolves (novel)" }, { "id": "6133839", "text": "Wes Studi Wesley Studi () (born December 17, 1947) is a Cherokee actor and film producer from Nofire Hollow in Oklahoma. He has won critical acclaim and awards for his portrayal of Native Americans in film. He has appeared in Academy Award-winning films, such as \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990) and \"The Last of the Mohicans\" (1992), and in the Academy Award-nominated films \"\" (1993) and \"The New World\" (2005). He is also known for portraying Sagat in \"Street Fighter\" (1994). Other films he has appeared in are \"Hostiles\", \"Heat\", \"Mystery Men\", \"Avatar\", \"A Million Ways to Die in the West\",", "title": "Wes Studi" }, { "id": "14932470", "text": "Jimmy Herman Jimmy Herman (October 25, 1940 - September 13, 2013) was an Aboriginal Canadian actor who appeared in several films, including \"Dances with Wolves\" among others. He was born on the Cold Lake Reserve in Alberta, Canada. His descents were Chipewyan and Dene. Herman moved to Edmonton in 1980 to study at Grant MacEwan College's Native Communications Program. There, he received the Malcolm Calliou Award for his ambition to succeed, and to inspire other Aboriginal people to do the same. After his graduation from Grant MacEwan, he accepted employment with Native Counseling Services of Alberta as a media assistant", "title": "Jimmy Herman" }, { "id": "1186742", "text": "claim that he did not work on the creation of the four-hour cut at all. Dances with Wolves Dances with Wolves is a 1990 American epic Western film starring, directed and produced by Kevin Costner. It is a film adaptation of the 1988 book of the same name by Michael Blake that tells the story of Union Army lieutenant John J. Dunbar (Costner) who travels to the American frontier to find a military post and of his dealings with a group of Lakota Indians. Costner developed the film with an initial budget of $15 million. \"Dances with Wolves\" had high", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "1187450", "text": "Graham Greene (actor) Graham Greene, CM (born June 22, 1952) is a Canadian actor who has worked on stage, in film, and in TV productions in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990). Other notable films include \"Thunderheart\" (1992), \"Maverick\" (1994), \"Die Hard with a Vengeance\" (1995), \"The Green Mile\" (1999), \"Skins\" (2002), \"Transamerica\" (2005), \"\" (2009), \"Casino Jack\" (2010), \"Winter's Tale\" (2014), \"The Shack\" (2017) and \"Wind River\" (2017). Greene is an Oneida born in Ohsweken, on the Six", "title": "Graham Greene (actor)" }, { "id": "10077694", "text": "Michael Horton (actor) Michael Horton (born September 5, 1952) is an American actor and voice over artist, whose best known and longest running role was as Jessica Fletcher's nephew, Grady Fletcher on \"Murder, She Wrote\". Horton appeared in such films and television series as \"\", \"ER\", \"Dances with Wolves\", \"Taxi\", \"MAS*H\", \"21 Jump Street\", \"Baywatch\", and \"The Eddie Capra Mysteries\". He played the recurring role in \"\" (1996) and \"\" (1998), credited as Security Officer in the former and Lieutenant Daniels in the latter. His voice-over work in 1980s animation includes Rick Jones in \"The Incredible Hulk\", Chip Chase in", "title": "Michael Horton (actor)" }, { "id": "1186737", "text": "win an Academy Award for Best Picture since 1931's \"Cimarron\", \"Dances with Wolves\" won a number of additional awards, making it one of the most honored films of 1990. The Holy Road, a sequel novel by Michael Blake, the author of both the original \"Dances with Wolves\" novel and the movie screenplay, was published in 2001. It picks up eleven years after \"Dances with Wolves\". John Dunbar is still married to Stands with a Fist and they have three children. Stands with a Fist and one of the children are kidnapped by a party of white rangers and Dances with", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "4421543", "text": "role as Cordelia and the Fool, and Craig Lauzon as Kent. In 2017, she was named the winner of the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television's Earle Grey Award for lifetime achievement. Tantoo Cardinal Tantoo Cardinal, CM (born July 20, 1950) is a Canadian film and television actress. Cardinal is of Métis descent. Cardinal was born in Fort McMurray, Alberta. Her mother, Julia Cardinal, was of Metis descent. She has played roles in many notable films and television series, including \"Spirit Bay\", \"Dances with Wolves\", \"Black Robe\", \"Legends of the Fall\", \"Smoke Signals\" and \"North of 60\". She was cast", "title": "Tantoo Cardinal" }, { "id": "6133846", "text": "son, Daniel, from his first marriage. Studi and his wife perform in the band, Firecat of Discord. Studi serves as honorary chair of the national endowment campaign of the Indigenous Language Institute in Santa Fe. Studi endorsed Senator Bernie Sanders for President in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Wes Studi Wesley Studi () (born December 17, 1947) is a Cherokee actor and film producer from Nofire Hollow in Oklahoma. He has won critical acclaim and awards for his portrayal of Native Americans in film. He has appeared in Academy Award-winning films, such as \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990) and \"The Last", "title": "Wes Studi" }, { "id": "1283211", "text": "\"Amazing Stories\". Full-blown movie star status for Costner arrived in 1987, when he starred as federal agent Eliot Ness in \"The Untouchables\" and in the leading role of the thriller \"No Way Out\". He solidified his A-list status in the baseball-themed films \"Bull Durham\" (1988) and \"Field of Dreams\" (1989). In 1990, he partnered with producer Jim Wilson to form the production company Tig Productions. Tig's first film was the epic \"Dances with Wolves\" which Costner directed and starred in. This film was nominated for 12 Academy Awards and won seven, including two for him personally (Best Picture and Best", "title": "Kevin Costner" }, { "id": "1186732", "text": "an average rating of 7.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"A grand, sweeping epic with inarguably noble intentions and arresting cinematography, but one whose center, arguably, is not as weighty as it should be.\" Metacritic gave the film a score of 72 out of 100 based on 20 critical reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". CinemaScore reported that audiences gave the film a rare \"A+\" grade. Because of the film's popularity and lasting impact on the image of Native Americans, the Sioux Nation adopted Costner as an honorary member. At the 63rd Academy Awards ceremony in 1991, \"Dances with Wolves\" earned", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "16061381", "text": "Junior College in Lawrence, Kansas, where he received an associate of arts degree. Reevis' first movie appearance was with his brother, Tim Reevis, as a stunt rider in the 1987 film \"War Party\". Reevis' first acting role was in 1988 in the Universal Studios film \"Twins\", starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and Danny DeVito. Following Twins, he was cast in a nonspeaking role as a Sioux Warrior in the 1990 Kevin Costner film, \"Dances with Wolves\". Reevis was next cast as Chato, an Apache scout, in \"\" with fellow-Native actor Wes Studi. In 1995, Reevis played Yellow Wolf in \"Last of the", "title": "Steve Reevis" }, { "id": "18769523", "text": "Rim\"), starring Graham Greene (\"Dances with Wolves\", \"Defiance\") and David Chokachi (\"Witchblade\", \"Baywatch\"). He also wrote and directed the women-in-prison drama \"Jailbait\", and had a featured role in the independent horror-thriller, \"Feed the Devil\" which was shot on 35mm film. Cohn's films are typically released direct-to-video, via outlets such as Redbox, basic cable channels or supermarkets. Jared Cohn Jared Michael Cohn (also credited as Jared Michaels) is an American film director, screenwriter, and actor. He has directed films such as \"Buddy Hutchins\", \"Atlantic Rim\", and \"Born Bad\", among others, and has directed multiple films for The Asylum. Cohn is a", "title": "Jared Cohn" }, { "id": "1186735", "text": "actors was a native speaker of the language. The movie's dialogues in the native language have been lauded as a remarkable achievement. However, other writers have noted that earlier otherwise English-language films, such as \"Eskimo\" (1933), \"Wagon Master\" (1950) and \"The White Dawn\" (1974), had also incorporated Native dialogue. David Sirota of \"Salon\" referred to \"Dances with Wolves\" as a \"white savior\" film, as Dunbar \"fully embeds himself in the Sioux tribe and quickly becomes its primary protector.\" He argued that its use of the \"noble savage\" character type \"preemptively blunts criticism of the underlying White Savior story. The idea", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "17434452", "text": "Wolves. In the film this is changed to a band of Lakota Sioux. The novel and film later came under criticism for their similarity to Elliot Silverstein's \"A Man Called Horse\". Dances with Wolves (novel) Dances with Wolves is a 1988 novel written by Michael Blake. It was written as a possible source for a screenplay, and was later adapted by the author, and was produced as a film of the same name in 1990 by Kevin Costner, although there were many differences between the novel and film. The novel is set during the American Civil War. The protagonist of", "title": "Dances with Wolves (novel)" }, { "id": "10969242", "text": "tie-dyed shirt and high-tops, Bermudez wrestled as Dances with Dudley, parodied from the movie \"Dances with Wolves\", a member of the Dudley family stable. Dances with Dudley was said to be the child of Big Daddy Dudley - the patriarch of the Dudley family - and a Native American woman from Cheyenne, Oklahoma. Dances with Dudley formed a tag team with his kayfabe half-brother, Dudley Dudley, replacing the injured Snot Dudley. Dances with Dudley and Dudley Dudley lost to the Steiner Brothers and The Public Enemy during August although they later defeated Chad Austin and Donn E. Allen at Gangstas", "title": "Dances with Dudley" }, { "id": "10691479", "text": "as follows: Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 1990 The 3rd Chicago Film Critics Association Awards were announced on March 7, 1991 at an awards ceremony held in The Pump Room. They honor achievements in 1990 filmmaking. The nominations were announced on January 20, 1991. \"Goodfellas\" received the most nominations (7), followed by \"Dances With Wolves\" (4) and The Godfather Part III (2). Actresses Joan Cusack and Kathy Bates earned two nominations apiece. The awards were notable for the introductions of two new categories: Best Cinematography and Best Screenplay. The winners and nominees for the 3rd annual Chicago Film Critics Association", "title": "Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 1990" }, { "id": "7907898", "text": "Michael Blake (author) Michael Lennox Blake (July 5, 1945 – May 2, 2015) was an American author, best known for the film adaptation of his novel \"Dances with Wolves\", for which he won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Early in his life, Blake's family lived in Texas, before moving to Southern California, where they moved frequently. He began writing when he was stationed at Walker Air Force Base, when he wrote for the base newspaper. He studied journalism at the University of New Mexico, and later studied at a film school, in Berkeley, California. He also attended Eastern", "title": "Michael Blake (author)" }, { "id": "1186731", "text": "a few scenes filmed in Wyoming. Specific locations included the Badlands National Park, the Black Hills, the Sage Creek Wilderness Area, and the Belle Fourche River area. The bison hunt scenes were filmed at the Triple U Buffalo Ranch outside Fort Pierre, South Dakota, as were the Fort Sedgewick scenes, the set being constructed on the property. Defying expectations, \"Dances with Wolves\" proved instantly popular, eventually earning great critical acclaim, making $184 million in U.S. box office and $424 million in total worldwide. , the film holds an approval rating of 82% on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 72 reviews, with", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "10691478", "text": "Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 1990 The 3rd Chicago Film Critics Association Awards were announced on March 7, 1991 at an awards ceremony held in The Pump Room. They honor achievements in 1990 filmmaking. The nominations were announced on January 20, 1991. \"Goodfellas\" received the most nominations (7), followed by \"Dances With Wolves\" (4) and The Godfather Part III (2). Actresses Joan Cusack and Kathy Bates earned two nominations apiece. The awards were notable for the introductions of two new categories: Best Cinematography and Best Screenplay. The winners and nominees for the 3rd annual Chicago Film Critics Association Awards are", "title": "Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 1990" }, { "id": "16854733", "text": "West of Thunder West of Thunder (2012) is an independent American feature-length Western film produced by Sunka Wakan Dragonfly Film Studios. The film stars Dan Davies as Henry Seed, co-starring Corbin Conroy, Clifford Henry, Crispian Belfrage, Sadie Kaye, Michael Worth and Raffaello DeGruttola. Jody Marriott Bar-Lev produced and co-directs the film with Steve Russell. Bar-Lev co-wrote the film with Dan Davies. Michael Blake, Oscar-winning screenwriter for Dances with Wolves, was the film's Creative Advisor and John Stanier is the film's Director of Photography. The film was shot in Los Angeles and on location in the Badlands of South Dakota 2011-2012.", "title": "West of Thunder" }, { "id": "2795909", "text": "in acting after years of performing as a singer. He debuted his film career in \"Renegades\" (1989), in which he played \"Red Crow\", the Lakota Sioux father of Hank Storm, the character played by Lou Diamond Phillips. Additional film roles include \"Chief Ten Bears\" in \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990), and the \"shaman\" for the singer Jim Morrison in Oliver Stone's \"The Doors\" (1991). Westerman appeared as Standing Elk, alongside his long-time friend Max Gail, in the family film, \"Tillamook Treasure\" (2006). He appeared in \"Hidalgo\" (2004), as Chief Eagle Horn in Buffalo Bill's circus. In September 2007, Westerman finished work", "title": "Floyd Westerman" }, { "id": "12736755", "text": "Neil Travis Herbert Neil Travis (October 12, 1936 – March 28, 2012) was an American film and television editor with about 28 feature film credits from 1970–2007. He is likely best known for editing the television miniseries \"Roots\" (1977) and the feature film \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990). Travis was born in Los Angeles, California, and received a bachelor's degree in film and theater arts from the University of California, Los Angeles. Travis won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Film Editing In A Drama Series for the first part of the television miniseries \"Roots\" (1977), and he and James Heckert", "title": "Neil Travis" }, { "id": "14932473", "text": "6 communities. 2005 Supernatural (Television) Episode \"Bugs\" Season 1, Episode 8 Joe Whitetree Jimmy Herman Jimmy Herman (October 25, 1940 - September 13, 2013) was an Aboriginal Canadian actor who appeared in several films, including \"Dances with Wolves\" among others. He was born on the Cold Lake Reserve in Alberta, Canada. His descents were Chipewyan and Dene. Herman moved to Edmonton in 1980 to study at Grant MacEwan College's Native Communications Program. There, he received the Malcolm Calliou Award for his ambition to succeed, and to inspire other Aboriginal people to do the same. After his graduation from Grant MacEwan,", "title": "Jimmy Herman" }, { "id": "5723399", "text": "more briefly in Mexico. After the success of \"Dances With Wolves\", agents were looking for Native American talent and signed on Hoffmann. His acting career in the U.S., Canada, Australia and Bolivia includes 13 feature films; over 30 episodes of television in series, mini-series, cartoons and soap operas; and numerous plays and readings with reputable theatre companies. His first significant role in a big budget feature film was The Dreamer in \"\". Next, he co-starred in the romantic film \"Cheyenne Warrior\" as Hawk, a Cheyenne warrior, who is nursed back to health by a pregnant, widowed Rebecca Carver (played by", "title": "Pato Hoffmann" }, { "id": "12736756", "text": "were nominated for the award for the second part as well. Travis won the Academy Award for Best Film Editing and the American Cinema Editors Eddie for the film \"Dances with Wolves\" (directed by Kevin Costner-1990). Travis had been selected as a member of the American Cinema Editors, and received the Career Achievement Award in 2010. In 2010, Travis was interviewed about his career by Karen Herman for the Archive of American Television. The director of each film is indicated in parenthesis. Neil Travis Herbert Neil Travis (October 12, 1936 – March 28, 2012) was an American film and television", "title": "Neil Travis" }, { "id": "16061380", "text": "Steve Reevis Steve Reevis (August 14, 1962 – December 7, 2017) was a Native American actor and member of the Blackfoot tribe known for his roles in the films \"Fargo\", \"Last of the Dogmen\", and \"Dances with Wolves\". Steve Reevis was born on August 14, 1962 in Browning, Montana to father Lloyd \"Curley\" and mother Lila Reevis. The third oldest of seven children, he had two brothers and four sisters. Reevis grew up on the Blackfeet Reservation in northwestern Montana. Reevis attended and graduated from Flandreau Indian School in Flandreau, South Dakota. Following high school graduation, he attended Haskell Indian", "title": "Steve Reevis" }, { "id": "4421541", "text": "Tantoo Cardinal Tantoo Cardinal, CM (born July 20, 1950) is a Canadian film and television actress. Cardinal is of Métis descent. Cardinal was born in Fort McMurray, Alberta. Her mother, Julia Cardinal, was of Metis descent. She has played roles in many notable films and television series, including \"Spirit Bay\", \"Dances with Wolves\", \"Black Robe\", \"Legends of the Fall\", \"Smoke Signals\" and \"North of 60\". She was cast in the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation mini-series \"By Way of the Stars\" with Gordon Tootoosis as The Cree Chief and Eric Schweig as Black Thunder. In 2009, she was made a Member of", "title": "Tantoo Cardinal" }, { "id": "12075389", "text": "Jim Wilson (producer) Jim Wilson is a film producer. He won the Oscar for Best Picture of 1990 for \"Dances with Wolves\", which he shared with fellow producer Kevin Costner. In 1990, Wilson produced \"Dances with Wolves\". It was adapted by Michael Blake, based on his novel. It was the highest-grossing Western film of all time, $424.2 million worldwide, and won 7 Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Cinematography, Best Sound, Best Score, and Best Film Editing. Following the success of \"Dances with Wolves\", Wilson produced another hit, \"The Bodyguard\" in 1992, starring Kevin Costner", "title": "Jim Wilson (producer)" }, { "id": "251724", "text": "was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, Scorsese earned his third Best Director nomination for \"Goodfellas\" but again lost to a first-time director, Kevin Costner (\"Dances with Wolves\"). Joe Pesci earned the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in \"Goodfellas\". Scorsese and the film won numerous awards, including five BAFTA Awards, a Silver Lion and more. The American Film Institute put \"Goodfellas\" at No. 94 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list. On the 2007 updated version, they moved \"Goodfellas\" up to No. 92 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list (10th", "title": "Martin Scorsese" }, { "id": "7907900", "text": "Muir High School in Pasadena, California. He died on May 2, 2015, after a long illness in Tucson, Arizona. Michael Blake (author) Michael Lennox Blake (July 5, 1945 – May 2, 2015) was an American author, best known for the film adaptation of his novel \"Dances with Wolves\", for which he won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Early in his life, Blake's family lived in Texas, before moving to Southern California, where they moved frequently. He began writing when he was stationed at Walker Air Force Base, when he wrote for the base newspaper. He studied journalism at", "title": "Michael Blake (author)" }, { "id": "11178732", "text": "\"Sioux\") Lower Brule Sioux Tribe of South Dakota, he has six siblings. A younger brother, Eddie, is also an actor, with both movie and TV credits. Spears's film credits include a major role as the character Dog Star in the 2005 Steven Spielberg-produced cable mini-series, \"Into the West\", which aired on TNT. His debut role as the child character Otter, in the Academy-Award-winning 1990 film \"Dances with Wolves\", also earned him national notice at thirteen years old. By the age of seventeen, Spears had acted in both TV and film with other actors, including Kevin Costner, Jimmy Smits and Kim", "title": "Michael Spears" }, { "id": "3871938", "text": "Hot Shots! Hot Shots! is a 1991 comedy film directed by Jim Abrahams, co-director of \"Airplane!\", and written by Abrahams and Pat Proft. It stars Charlie Sheen, Cary Elwes, Valeria Golino, Lloyd Bridges, Jon Cryer, Kevin Dunn, Kristy Swanson, and Bill Irwin. It was followed by a sequel, \"Hot Shots! Part Deux\" in 1993. The film is primarily a parody of \"Top Gun\", with some scenes spoofing other popular films, including \"9½ Weeks\", \"The Fabulous Baker Boys\", \"Dances with Wolves\", \"Marathon Man\", \"Rocky\", \"Superman\" and \"Gone with the Wind\". The film begins at Flemner Air Base 20 years in the", "title": "Hot Shots!" }, { "id": "5908608", "text": "has said that he would love to invite Chris onto Gladiators for a rematch if Producers ever film the \"Gladiators - Where are they now?\" series that has been on the cards for a few years. In 1988, Van Wijk appeared in a small, featured role in Ken Russell's film \"Salome's Last Dance\". In 1989, Van Wijk auditioned for a role in the film \"Dances with Wolves\". He was unsuccessful, but the experience provided the inspiration for his \"Wolf\" alter-ego. In 1997 Wolf was tricked by the spoof TV show \"Brass Eye\". After being missing from British television screens for", "title": "Michael Van Wijk" }, { "id": "1186734", "text": "and a female-gendered language. Some of the Natives and Kevin Costner were speaking in the feminine way. When I went to see it with a bunch of Lakota guys, we were laughing.\" Other Native Americans like Michael Smith (Sioux), Director of San Francisco's long-running annual American Indian Film Festival, said, \"There's a lot of good feeling about the film in the Native community, especially among the tribes. I think it's going to be very hard to top this one.\" Some of the criticism was inspired by the fact that the pronunciation is not authentic since only one of the movie's", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "3092220", "text": "An east–west street in Washington, D.C. near American University is also named in his honor, as is another on Chicago's near north side, with a CTA station named after the street. Grand Army of the Republic Post #4 in Keene, New Hampshire; Post #12 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Post #17 in Santa Ana, California; and Post #37 in York, Pennsylvania are all named after him. Also, a junior high-school (John Sedgwick Junior High \"Home of the Generals\") in Port Orchard, Washington, was named after him. In the 1990 film \"Dances with Wolves\", Lt. John Dunbar (Kevin Costner) stays at a fictional", "title": "John Sedgwick" }, { "id": "14932471", "text": "in the media department. During this time, he did some narration work for Native Counseling Services, ACCESS radio, and the National Film Board. A small part in a CBC Television pilot program called \"John Cat\", based on a W. P. Kinsella book, sparked Herman’s interest in acting, and he decided to leave his position at Native Counseling Services to pursue a career in the performing arts. In April 1989, a Los Angeles casting agent chose him for a part in \"Dances With Wolves\". His role in the film was a Sioux warrior named Stone Calf. He went on to perform", "title": "Jimmy Herman" }, { "id": "18588970", "text": "for the song was released on July 29, 2016 as part of a Balmain advert campaign. It resonates with the emotional feel of the song as it features West and his wife Kim Kardashian in tears. The video also features Alessandra Ambrosio, Joan Smalls, Jourdan Dunn, Josephine Skriver, Kylie Jenner, Sia, and Vic Mensa. The video is black-and-white and sees West and his wife wearing the same outfits designed for their appearance at 2015's Met Gala. West was one of several musical guests for the \"Saturday Night Live 40th Anniversary Special\", which aired on NBC in February 2015. He performed", "title": "Wolves (Kanye West song)" }, { "id": "5650308", "text": "Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Karl Malden, president of the Academy, and actor Denzel Washington. \"Dances with Wolves\" led the nominations with twelve total; \"Dick Tracy\" and \"The Godfather Part III\" tied for second with seven each. The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 25, 1991. Kevin Costner became the fifth person to earn the Best Director Award for his directorial debut and to earn nominations for Best Actor and Best Director for the same film. Best Supporting Actress winner Whoopi Goldberg was the second African American woman to win an award. Hattie McDaniel", "title": "63rd Academy Awards" }, { "id": "10738393", "text": "Clearcut (film) Clearcut is a 1991 Canadian drama film about clearcutting in an unnamed Canadian province. This motion picture stars Graham Greene, Floyd Red Crow Westerman, Ron Lea, and Michael Hogan, and directed by Polish filmmaker Ryszard Bugajski. Filmed in Thunder Bay, Ontario, and based on the novel \"A Dream Like Mine\" (1987) written by M. T. Kelly, it covers complex subject matter such as the land rights of indigenous peoples in Canada, pacifism, colonialism, and environmentalism. Notable actors include Graham Greene, and Phil Harris. Greene, known for his prolific work, including the critically acclaimed Dances with Wolves, is quoted", "title": "Clearcut (film)" }, { "id": "1186725", "text": "a rapport with Kicking Bird, the warrior Wind In His Hair and the youth Smiles A Lot, initially visiting each other's camps. The language barrier frustrates them, and Stands With A Fist acts as an interpreter, although with difficulty; she only remembers English from her early childhood before the rest of her family was killed during a Pawnee raid. Dunbar discovers that the stories he had heard about the tribe were untrue, and he develops a growing respect and appreciation for their lifestyle and culture. Learning their language, he is accepted as an honored guest by the Sioux after he", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "1186740", "text": "at that time. In an interview, author and screenwriter Michael Blake said that Stands With a Fist, the white captive woman who marries Dunbar, was actually based upon the story of Cynthia Ann Parker, the white girl captured by Comanches and mother of Quanah Parker. One year after the original theatrical release of \"Dances with Wolves\", a four-hour version of the film opened at select theaters in London. This longer cut was titled \"Dances with Wolves: The Special Edition\", and it restored nearly an hour's worth of scenes that had been removed to keep the original film's running time under", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "19680245", "text": "has a weighted average score of 46 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Wolves (2016 film) Wolves is a 2016 American drama film written and directed by Bart Freundlich. The film stars Michael Shannon, Carla Gugino, Taylor John Smith, Chris Bauer and John Douglas Thompson. The film was released on March 3, 2017, by IFC Films. Principal photography began in June 2015. The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 15, 2016. The film was released on March 3, 2017, by IFC Films. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds", "title": "Wolves (2016 film)" }, { "id": "1186739", "text": "Native Americans in a dispute with government farmers and a local native agent. It is unclear whether the name \"John Dunbar\" was chosen as a corollary to the real historical figure. The fictional Lieutenant John Dunbar of 1863 is correctly shown in the film wearing a gold bar on his officer shoulder straps, indicating his rank as a First Lieutenant. From 1836–1872, the rank of First Lieutenant was indicated by a gold bar; after 1872, the rank was indicated by a silver bar. Similarly, Captain Cargill is correctly depicted wearing a pair of gold bars, indicating the rank of Captain", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "19680244", "text": "Wolves (2016 film) Wolves is a 2016 American drama film written and directed by Bart Freundlich. The film stars Michael Shannon, Carla Gugino, Taylor John Smith, Chris Bauer and John Douglas Thompson. The film was released on March 3, 2017, by IFC Films. Principal photography began in June 2015. The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 15, 2016. The film was released on March 3, 2017, by IFC Films. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 36% based on 25 reviews, and an average rating of 4.8/10. On Metacritic, the film", "title": "Wolves (2016 film)" }, { "id": "1623380", "text": "John Barry (composer) John Barry Prendergast, (3 November 1933 – 30 January 2011) was an English composer and conductor of film music. He composed the scores for 11 of the \"James Bond\" films between 1963 and 1987, and also arranged and performed the \"James Bond Theme\" to the first film in the series, 1962's \"Dr. No\". He wrote the Grammy- and Academy Award-winning scores to the films \"Dances with Wolves\" and \"Out of Africa\", as well as the theme for the British television cult series \"The Persuaders!\", in a career spanning over 50 years. In 1999, he was appointed OBE", "title": "John Barry (composer)" }, { "id": "6456129", "text": "Jake Eberts Jake Eberts, OC (July 10, 1941 – September 6, 2012) was a Canadian film producer, executive and financier. He was known for risk-taking and producing a consistently high caliber of movies including such award-winning titles as \"Chariots of Fire\" (1981, uncredited), \"Gandhi\" (1982), \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990), and the successful animated feature \"Chicken Run\" (2000). Eberts was born John David Eberts in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, the son of Elizabeth (MacDougall), an interior decorator, and Edmond Eberts, who worked for an aluminum manufacturer. Eberts grew up in Montreal and Arvida. He attended Bishop's College School in Lennoxville, Quebec and", "title": "Jake Eberts" }, { "id": "18227213", "text": "\"There is no way to do Dances With Wolves, which is essentially a Western on stage, without it being spectacular and epic in scope.\" Matt Murphy Productions Matt Murphy Productions is a New York-based theatrical production company providing creative, management, and financial support for a wide variety of theatre projects. The company was started in 2006 By Matt Murphy, who has produced Memphis, Winner of the Best Musical Tony Award, Thurgood starring Laurence Fishburne, who was nominated for a Tony Award for his stellar performance.,Impressionism starring Academy Award and Tony Award Winner Jeremy Irons, Altar Boyz, which won the 2005", "title": "Matt Murphy Productions" }, { "id": "7303580", "text": "4th Academy Awards The 4th Academy Awards were awarded to films completed and screened released between August 1, 1930, and July 31, 1931, by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. At the ceremony, nine-year-old Jackie Cooper, nominated for Best Actor in \"Skippy\", fell asleep on the shoulder of Best Actress nominee Marie Dressler. When Dressler was announced as the winner, Cooper had to be eased onto his mother’s lap. \"Cimarron\" was the first Western to win Best Picture, and would remain the only one to do so for 59 years (until \"Dances with Wolves\" won in 1991). It", "title": "4th Academy Awards" }, { "id": "5650307", "text": "Hills, California on March 2, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Geena Davis. \"Dances with Wolves\" won seven awards including Best Picture. Other winners included \"Dick Tracy\" with three awards, \"Ghost\" with two awards, and \"American Dream\", \"Creature Comforts\", \"Cyrano de Bergerac\", \"\", \"Goodfellas\", \"The Hunt for Red October\", \"Journey of Hope\", \"The Lunch Date\", \"Misery\", \"Reversal of Fortune\", and \"Total Recall\" with one. The telecast garnered nearly 43 million viewers in the United States. The nominees for the 63rd Academy Awards were announced on February 13, 1991, at 5:38 a.m. PST (13:38 UTC) at the", "title": "63rd Academy Awards" }, { "id": "19186083", "text": "Embankment Films Embankment Films is an international film and television sales and financing company based in London, England. Founded in 2012 by Tim Haslam and Hugo Grumbar, Embankment procures pre-sales, tax-credit facilities, equity, gap financing and worldwide distribution for feature films and television. Haslam was formerly CEO at Hanway Films, and has overseen sales of more than 150 films, including Steve McQueen's \"Shame\" starring Michael Fassbender, Becoming Jane starring Anne Hathaway and James McAvoy, \"Resident Evil\" starring Milla Jovovich, seven films directed by Woody Allen, and Academy Award winners \"The Piano\", \"Dances With Wolves\" and \"Iris.\" Grumbar was formerly joint", "title": "Embankment Films" }, { "id": "2050299", "text": "Hugh Jackman Hugh Michael Jackman (born 12 October 1968) is an Australian actor, singer, and producer. Jackman has won international recognition for his roles in a variety of film genres. He is known for his long-running role as Wolverine in the \"X-Men\" film series, as well as for his lead roles in films such as the romantic-comedy fantasy \"Kate & Leopold\" (2001), the action-horror film \"Van Helsing\" (2004), the magic-themed drama \"The Prestige\" (2006), the epic fantasy drama \"The Fountain\" (2006), the epic historical romantic drama \"Australia\" (2008), the film version of \"Les Misérables\" (2012), the thriller \"Prisoners\" (2013), and", "title": "Hugh Jackman" }, { "id": "17230619", "text": "Native American film roles began to show more complexity, such as those in \"Little Big Man\" (1970), \"Billy Jack\" (1971), and \"The Outlaw Josey Wales\" (1976) which depicted Native Americans in important lead and supporting roles. Regardless, the European narrative perspective was prioritized in popular media. The \"sympathetic\" yet contradictory film \"Dances With Wolves\" (1990) intentionally, according to Ella Shohat and Robert Stam, related the Lakota story through a Euro-American voice for wider impact among a general audience. Like the 1992 remake of \"The Last of the Mohicans\" and \"\" (1993), \"Dances with Wolves\" employed a number of Native American", "title": "Contemporary Native American issues in the United States" }, { "id": "1186736", "text": "is that a film like \"Dances With Wolves\" cannot be bigoted or overly white-centric if it at least shows [characters such as] Kicking Bird and Chief Ten Bears as special and exceptional. This, even though the whole story is about a white guy who saves the day.\" Writer Richard Grenier was strongly critical of the film. Grenier accused Costner of misrepresenting the Sioux as peaceful, claiming that the film's \"portrait of the Sioux, the most bloodthirsty of all Plains Native tribes and neither pacifists nor environmentalists, is false in every respect\". In addition to becoming the first Western film to", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "1186724", "text": "Dunbar's assignment, and no other soldiers arrive to reinforce the post. Dunbar initially encounters his Sioux neighbors when attempts are made to steal his horse and intimidate him. Deciding that being a target is a poor prospect, he decides to seek out the Sioux camp and attempt dialogue. On his way, he comes across Stands With A Fist, the white adopted daughter of the tribe's medicine man Kicking Bird, who is ritually mutilating herself while mourning for her husband. Dunbar brings her back to the Sioux to recover, and some of the tribe begin to respect him. Eventually, Dunbar establishes", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "8867524", "text": "(1997), and the 1967 television series \"Custer\". The film set used for the Fort Hays scenes in \"Dances with Wolves\" is located near Rapid City, South Dakota and is now operated as a tourist attraction, the Fort Hays Old West Town & Dinner Show. Notable individuals who lived at, worked at, or were associated with Fort Hays include: Notable individuals who visited the early operational Fort Hays include: Fort Hays Fort Hays, originally named Fort Fletcher, was a United States Army fort near Hays, Kansas. Active from 1865 to 1889, it was an important frontier post during the American Indian", "title": "Fort Hays" }, { "id": "8991555", "text": "said the viewers \"shouldn't blame them for trying\". On \"Siskel & Ebert\", Ebert and Gene Siskel gave the film \"two thumbs down\", with Siskel calling it \"Dances with \"Myself\"\" (in reference to Costner's Oscar-winning film \"Dances with Wolves\") while referring to the bronze statue scene. According to review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, 3 out of 34 film critics gave the film a positive review, with a \"Rotten\" score of 9% and an average rating of 3.8/10. Metacritic gives the film a score of 29 out of 100 based on 14 reviews, indicating \"generally unfavorable reviews\". The film was a notable failure", "title": "The Postman (film)" }, { "id": "20253863", "text": "Nikita Prozorovskiy, Tatyana Shitova, Aleksandr Noskov, Ekaterina Semenova, Irina Vilenkina, Oleg Morozov, Eduard Dvinskikh, Yuriy Tarasov, and Dmitriy Filimonov. The English dub of the film, released as \"Sheep & Wolves\", stars Tom Felton as the voice of Grey and also includes the talents of Ruby Rose, Jim Cummings, Rich Orlow, China Anne McClain, Ross Marquand, Peter Linz, Tyler Bunch, Jennie Grace, Alyson Leigh Rosenfeld, Sarah Natochenny, Marc Thompson, Thomas Ian Nicholas, and JB Blanc. \"Sheep and Wolves\" was released in Russian theaters on 28 April 2016 and received mixed reviews from critics. Todd Resnick was responsible for the English-language casting", "title": "Sheep and Wolves" }, { "id": "1209541", "text": "and Best Film Editing for editor Joel Cox. Eastwood was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance, but he lost to Al Pacino for \"Scent of a Woman\". The film was the third Western to win the Oscar for Best Picture, following \"Cimarron\" (1931) and \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990). Eastwood dedicated the film to directors and mentors Sergio Leone and Don Siegel. In 2004, \"Unforgiven\" was added to the United States National Film Registry of the Library of Congress as being deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\". In 1881 in Big Whiskey, Wyoming, two cowboys, Quick", "title": "Unforgiven" }, { "id": "6275273", "text": "nonprofit organization that protects and promotes freedom of information, expression, and petition. Born and raised in Johannesburg, South Africa, Fein graduated from the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in 1986, with a Bachelor of Arts in Industrial Psychology. After living in New York for a couple of years, Fein moved to Los Angeles, where he began reporting directly to the President of Orion Pictures, as part of the creative team for numerous films, among them Academy Award-winning \"Dances with Wolves\" and \"The Silence of the Lambs\". From the outset, Fein's work has led him into some high-profile confrontations. In 1994,", "title": "Clinton Fein" }, { "id": "1187457", "text": "\"...the native guy (himself as 'Kicking Bird') was OK. Should have gotten the Oscar. But the rest of it was a yawn! (The Red Green Show 1995 Season 5 Episode 1) Greene also made a cameo in an episode of Royal Canadian Air Farce. In the sketch, Jacques Cartier (Don Ferguson) has to go through customs, whose officer is played by Greene. When Cartier asks Greene if he was in that movie Dances with Wolves, Greene replies \"yes\". Cartier asks his name and Greene says \"Kevin Costner\". He appeared in \"\" as Harry Clearwater, Charlie Swan's old friend. He appeared", "title": "Graham Greene (actor)" }, { "id": "6869533", "text": "\"Solarbabies\" (all 1986), \"Masters of the Universe\" (1987), \"Die Hard\" (1988), \"Field of Dreams\" (1989), \"Dances with Wolves\" (1990) and \"Harley Davidson and the Marlboro Man\" (1991). Yuricich won the 1976 Academy Special Achievement Award for visual effects in the movie \"Logan's Run\". He was nominated for the best visual effects Oscar for his work on \"Close Encounters of the Third Kind\" in 1977. His brother is Academy Award-nominated special effects artist Richard Yuricich. Matthew Yuricich Matthew J. Yuricich (January 19, 1923 – May 28, 2012) was an American special effects artist. Born of Croatian immigrant parents in Lorain, Ohio,", "title": "Matthew Yuricich" }, { "id": "1186738", "text": "Wolves must mount a rescue mission. As of 2007, Blake was writing a film adaptation. Costner, who has refused to do sequels to any of his films, including \"The Untouchables\", stated he would not take part in this production. Judith A. Boughter wrote: \"The problem with Costner's approach is that all of the Sioux are heroic, while the Pawnees are portrayed as stereotypical villains. Most accounts of Sioux–Pawnee relations see the Pawnees as victims of the more powerful Sioux.\" There was a real John Dunbar who worked as a missionary for the Pawnee in the 1830s–40s, and sided with the", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "6300873", "text": "Marshall Bell Archibald Marshall Bell (born September 28, 1942) is an American actor. He has appeared in many character roles in movies and television. He is known for roles in \"\" (1985), \"Stand by Me\" (1986), \"Twins\" (1988) and \"Total Recall\" (1990). Bell was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, where he lived until age 13. His family then moved to Denver, Colorado. Bell attended boarding school at St. Paul's, Concord, New Hampshire, but was expelled. He then went to the Fountain Valley School in Colorado Springs, where he became interested in acting after performing as Elwood Dowd in the play \"Harvey\".", "title": "Marshall Bell" }, { "id": "10021815", "text": "Dances with Wolves (soundtrack) Dances with Wolves is the original soundtrack of the 1990 Academy Award and Golden Globe winning film \"Dances with Wolves\" produced, directed, and starring Kevin Costner. The original score and songs were composed and conducted by John Barry. John Barry won the 1991 Academy Award for Best Original Score and the 1992 Grammy Award for \"Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television.\" Barry was also nominated for the 1991 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score (lost to the score of \"The Sheltering Sky\") and the 1992 BAFTA Award for Best Film", "title": "Dances with Wolves (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "1186729", "text": "he recovered during Dunbar's liberation, and Wind In His Hair shouts to Dunbar, reminding him that he is Dunbar's friend, a contrast to their original meeting where he shouted at Dunbar in hostility. U.S. troops are seen searching the mountains, but are unable to locate them, while a lone wolf howls in the distance. An epilogue states that thirteen years later the last remnants of the free Sioux were subjugated to the American government, ending the conquest of the Western Frontier states and the livelihoods of the tribes in the plains. Originally written as a spec script by Michael Blake,", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "1186728", "text": "interpreter to the tribes, Dunbar is charged with desertion and transported back east as a prisoner. Soldiers of the escort shoot Two Socks when the wolf attempts to follow Dunbar, despite Dunbar's attempts to intervene. Eventually, the Sioux track the convoy, killing the soldiers, and freeing Dunbar. They assert that they do not see him as a white man, but as a Sioux warrior called Dances With Wolves. But, at the winter camp, Dunbar decides to leave with Stands With A Fist because his continuing presence would endanger the tribe. As they leave, Smiles A Lot returns the diary, which", "title": "Dances with Wolves" }, { "id": "1218245", "text": "– Terry Peak and Deer Mountain. The Midnight Star was a casino in Deadwood owned by American film actor Kevin Costner. The casino opened in the spring of 1991, after Costner had directed and starred in the 1990 Academy Award-winning film \"Dances With Wolves\", which was filmed mainly in South Dakota. International versions of many of his films' posters lined the walls. The casino closed in August 2017. Deadwood's climate varies considerably from the rest of the state and surrounding areas. While most of the state receives less than of precipitation per year, annual precipitation amounts in the Lead—Deadwood area", "title": "Deadwood, South Dakota" }, { "id": "285042", "text": "in which, according to Ella Shohat and Robert Stam, the narrative choice was to relate the Lakota story as told through a Euro-American voice, for wider impact among a general audience. Like the 1992 remake of \"The Last of the Mohicans\" and \"\" (1993), \"Dances with Wolves\" employed a number of Native American actors, and made an effort to portray Indigenous languages. In 2009 \"We Shall Remain\" (2009), a television documentary by Ric Burns and part of the \"American Experience\" series, presented a five-episode series \"from a Native American perspective\". It represented \"an unprecedented collaboration between Native and non-Native filmmakers", "title": "Native Americans in the United States" }, { "id": "7698718", "text": "touring as a trio with Chris Garcia as The Grandmothers Of Invention. Preston is now writing the music for the film \"Dancing With Were-wolves\", which will be released in July 2016. As Don Preston Trio (with Joel Hamilton and Alex Cline) As Don Preston's Akashic Ensemble As The Don & Bunk Show (with Bunk Gardner) With Frank Zappa/The Mothers of Invention/The Mothers With The Grandmothers With Ant-Bee With John Carter With Eugene Chadbourne With Robby Krieger With Michael Mantler With Sandro Oliva With Sixstep With others Don Preston Donald Ward Preston (born September 21, 1932) is an American jazz and", "title": "Don Preston" }, { "id": "4127485", "text": "Scott Glenn Theodore Scott Glenn is an American actor. His roles have included Wes Hightower in \"Urban Cowboy\" (1980), astronaut Alan Shepard in \"The Right Stuff\" (1983), Emmett in \"Silverado\" (1985), Commander Bart Mancuso in \"The Hunt for Red October\" (1990), Jack Crawford in \"The Silence of the Lambs\" (1991), John Adcox in \"Backdraft\" (1991), Roger in \"Training Day\" (2001), Ezra Kramer in \"The Bourne Ultimatum\" (2007), Kevin Garvey, Sr. in \"The Leftovers\" (2014–2017) and as Stick in both \"Daredevil\" (2015–2017) and \"The Defenders\" (2017). Glenn was born Theodore Scott Glenn in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the son of Elizabeth, a housewife,", "title": "Scott Glenn" }, { "id": "10893393", "text": "program. In the mid-1990s, Billy Mills, the second Native American to win an Olympic gold medal,spoke to the school body. In 2000, John Herrington, the first Native American NASA astronaut, visited the campus. He flew his first space mission two years later as a mission specialist aboard STS-113. In 2008, Rodney A. Grant, a Native American actor famous for his role in the movie \"Dances with Wolves,\" visited the campus. Choctaw Tribal School System The Choctaw Tribal School System is a school district based in the community of Choctaw, Mississippi (USA). A non-public entity operated by the federally recognized Mississippi", "title": "Choctaw Tribal School System" }, { "id": "11877842", "text": "nominee, \"Dances with Wolves\") and Native American actor Michael Horse (\"Twin Peaks\") and revolving around the autumn/twilight years of human life. 2014 then saw the completion of yet another existential meditation on life and death, this time the short \"Black and White\" shot with 5K RED Epic, which saw him teaming up for the fourth time with PEN Literary Award-winning writer Susan Black and directing for the second time both Sally Kirkland and Olivia Prado, the child actress who had won a best lead acting award in their first collaboration \"Oksana\". Wang started formal piano training at the age of", "title": "Ray Arthur Wang" }, { "id": "10021816", "text": "Music (lost to the score of \"Cyrano de Bergerac\"). Dances with Wolves (soundtrack) Dances with Wolves is the original soundtrack of the 1990 Academy Award and Golden Globe winning film \"Dances with Wolves\" produced, directed, and starring Kevin Costner. The original score and songs were composed and conducted by John Barry. John Barry won the 1991 Academy Award for Best Original Score and the 1992 Grammy Award for \"Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television.\" Barry was also nominated for the 1991 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score (lost to the score of \"The Sheltering", "title": "Dances with Wolves (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "1749996", "text": "worked with the Institute of American Indian Arts in Santa Fe. In 1979, she co-founded the National American Indian Performing Arts Registry, which later helped several actors join the production of \"Dances with Wolves\". She shared an Emmy Award as an advisor to PBS's \"Dance in America: Song for Dead Warriors\" (1984). She also worked on the PBS shows \"Remember Me Forever\" and \"The Americas Before Columbus\" (both 1992), and she has produced films on Native American health. In 2009, she gave testimony in the documentary \"Reel Injun\" about Native Americans in film. She continued doing activism and became a", "title": "Sacheen Littlefeather" }, { "id": "10850806", "text": "place. For season 22, he was paired with UFC mixed martial artist Paige VanZant. Ballas and VanZant made it to the finals of the show and finished in second place. Ballas was not part of the season 23 & 24 cast. Ballas returned as a professional dancer for season 25, and was paired with violinist Lindsey Stirling. Ballas and Stirling made it to the finals and finished in second place. In his time on Dancing With the Stars, Ballas has set, and broken, numerous records in the course of his (so far) 18 seasons. Some of these records include, but", "title": "Mark Ballas" }, { "id": "7681197", "text": "Bernstein. During his tenure there, Orion released such notable and successful films as \"Platoon\", \"Amadeus\", \"RoboCop\", \"Hannah and Her Sisters\", \"The Terminator\", \"Dances with Wolves\", and \"The Silence of the Lambs\". In 1990, Medavoy became the chairman of TriStar Pictures, where he oversaw the release of films such as \"Philadelphia\", \"\", \"Sleepless in Seattle\", \"Cliffhanger\", \"The Fisher King\", \"Legends of the Fall\" and \"Hook. In 1995, Medavoy co-founded Phoenix Pictures. As its chairman and CEO, he co-produced such films as \"The People vs. Larry Flint\", \"The Mirror Has Two Faces\", \"U Turn\", \"Apt Pupil\", \"The Thin Red Line\", \"The 6th", "title": "Mike Medavoy" }, { "id": "16866546", "text": "Jordan Masterson Jordan Masterson (born April 9, 1986) is an American actor. He played Zeb, a five-year-old boy, in Danielle Steel's 1993 TV adaptation \"Star\". He is perhaps best known for his role as Mark in the 2005 film \"The 40-Year-Old Virgin\" and his recurring role as Dumptruck in ABC Family comedy-drama series \"Greek\". He co-starred as Ryan Vogelson on the sitcom \"Last Man Standing\". on ABC (2012-2017) and FOX (2018-). He also guest starred in the television series \"Grounded for Life\", \"George Lopez\", \"Las Vegas\", \"7th Heaven\", \"\", \"Without a Trace\" and \"How I Met Your Mother\". Masterson is", "title": "Jordan Masterson" }, { "id": "4875502", "text": "David Patrick Kelly David Patrick Kelly (born January 23, 1951) is an American actor and musician who has appeared in numerous films and television series. He is best known for his role as Luther, the main antagonist in the cult film \"The Warriors\" (1979). Kelly is also known for his collaborations with Spike Lee, in the films \"Malcolm X\" (1992), \"Crooklyn\" (1994), and \"Chi-Raq\" (2015), and with David Lynch, appearing in \"Wild at Heart\" (1990) as well as \"Twin Peaks\" (1990–91) and its 2017 revival. Kelly's other credits include roles in \"48 Hrs.\" (1982), \"Commando\" (1985), \"The Crow\" (1994), \"The", "title": "David Patrick Kelly" }, { "id": "2663941", "text": "stand for \"Ka Boom!\", his favourite catch-phrase. His favourite movie is \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\", saying, \"Did you see that baby go up at the end?\" After seeing the movie \"Dances With Wolves\", Edgar thought that the \"Native guy\" should have received an Oscar for his role. (Greene had been nominated for Best Supporting Actor for his role as Kicking Bird in the movie, but lost to Joe Pesci.) Hap Shaughnessy (Gordon Pinsent) is the water-taxi captain of Possum Lake, but he is much better known at Possum Lodge for his self-aggrandizing tall tales. In virtually every appearance", "title": "The Red Green Show" }, { "id": "14733656", "text": "Director. He is a member of the Actors Studio. His first film appearance was in \"Dirty Dancing\", followed by more than 25 films, including Taylor Hackford's \"The Devil's Advocate\" (one of four films in which he appears with Al Pacino), \"In America\" and \"G.I. Jane\". He was nominated for Best Supporting Actor at the 2008 Malibu International Film Festival for his role in the independent film \"Mona\". Jones also has appeared in several television series, including \"The Sopranos\", \"Sex and the City\", \"Law & Order\", and \"Criminal Minds\" (as Karl Arnold aka The Fox). He appeared in seven episodes of", "title": "Neal Jones" }, { "id": "9106954", "text": "with a woman twice his age, in the first series of BBC One's \"Last Tango in Halifax\". He plays the part of Davos in the Netflix series \"Iron Fist\" in both the seasons. He starred as Sathnam Sanghera in the critically acclaimed \"The Boy with the Topknot\", shown on BBC 2 in 2017. Dhawan originated the role of Akthar in Alan Bennett's play \"The History Boys\". After playing Akthar in the original stage production he reprised the role in the Broadway, Sydney, Wellington and Hong Kong productions, and radio and film versions of the play. For his performance in \"Bradford", "title": "Sacha Dhawan" }, { "id": "10773564", "text": "J. Michael Muro James Michael Muro, Jr. (born 1966) is an American BAFTA Award-nominated cinematographer and director. He is known primarily for his Steadicam work. In the late 1980s and 1990s, he was James Cameron's Steadicam operator of choice, working on Cameron's hit films \"The Abyss\", \"\", \"True Lies\", and \"Titanic\". Throughout his career, he has been credited as Jimmy Muro, James Muro, Jim Muro, and J. Michael Muro. Muro also did Steadicam and B-camera operating on Kevin Costner's Academy Award-winning epic \"Dances with Wolves\", contributing to cinematographer Dean Semler's win of the Academy Award for Best Cinematography. He has", "title": "J. Michael Muro" }, { "id": "4223608", "text": "Boss Spearman. Costner said that if Duvall had turned down the part, he might not have made the movie at all. Duvall accepted the role immediately, and Costner gave him top billing. Duvall got bucked off a horse and broke six ribs while practicing his riding for this role. Cinematographer J. Michael Muro, was hand-picked by director Kevin Costner for his work on \"Dances with Wolves\". The movie was filmed on location on the Stoney Indian Reserve in Alberta, Canada. Clayton Lefthand of the Stoney Sioux First Nation worked as a film liaison. Filming took place from June 17, 2002", "title": "Open Range (2003 film)" } ]	who played stands with fists in dances with wolves
[ "late Carboniferous period" ]	[ { "id": "5345831", "text": "vast quantities of particulate matter and vapor into the air that occluded sunlight, inhibiting photosynthesis. 75% of all life, including the non-avian dinosaurs, became extinct, marking the end of the Cretaceous period and Mesozoic era. The first true mammals evolved in the shadows of dinosaurs and other large archosaurs that filled the world by the late Triassic. The first mammals were very small, and were probably nocturnal to escape predation. Mammal diversification truly began only after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event. By the early Paleocene the earth recovered from the extinction, and mammalian diversity increased. Creatures like \"Ambulocetus\" took to the", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "247117", "text": "mammals (in Kemp's sense) appeared in the Late Triassic epoch (about 225 million years ago), 40 million years after the first therapsids. They expanded out of their nocturnal [[insectivore]] niche from the mid-Jurassic onwards; The Jurassic \"[[Castorocauda]]\", for example, was a close relative of true mammals that had adaptations for swimming, digging and catching fish. Most, if not all, are thought to have remained nocturnal (the [[Nocturnal bottleneck]]), accounting for much of the typical mammalian traits. The majority of the mammal species that existed in the [[Mesozoic\|Mesozoic Era]] were multituberculates, eutriconodonts and [[spalacotheriid]]s. The earliest known [[metatherian]] is \"[[Sinodelphys]]\", found", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "247101", "text": "modern mammalian orders arose in the Paleogene and Neogene periods of the Cenozoic era, after the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs, and have been among the dominant terrestrial animal groups from 66 million years ago to the present. The basic body type is quadriped, and most mammals use their four extremities for terrestrial locomotion; but in some, the extremities are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, underground, or on two legs. Mammals range in size from the bumblebee bat to the blue whale - the largest animal on the planet. All modern mammals give birth to live", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "247126", "text": "late [[Eocene]] through the [[Miocene]]. However, no placental fossils have been found from before the end of the Cretaceous. The earliest undisputed fossils of placentals comes from the early [[Paleocene]], after the extinction of the dinosaurs. In particular, scientists have identified an early Paleocene animal named \"[[Protungulatum donnae]]\" as one of the first placental mammals. however it has been reclassified as a non-placental eutherian. Recalibrations of genetic and morphological diversity rates have suggested a [[Maastrichtian\|Late Cretaceous]] origin for placentals, and a Paleocene origin for most modern clades. The earliest known ancestor of primates is \"[[Archicebus achilles]]\" from around 55 million", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "247125", "text": "66 million years ago emptied ecological space once filled by non-avian dinosaurs and other groups of reptiles, as well as various other mammal groups, and underwent an exponential increase in body size ([[megafauna#In terrestrial mammals\|megafauna]]). Then mammals diversified very quickly; both birds and mammals show an exponential rise in diversity. For example, the earliest known bat dates from about 50 million years ago, only 16 million years after the extinction of the dinosaurs. Molecular phylogenetic studies initially suggested that most placental orders diverged about 100 to 85 million years ago and that modern families appeared in the period from the", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "5345760", "text": "before a reliable (fossil) record of life; it began with the formation of the planet and ended 4.0 billion years ago. The following Archean and Proterozoic eons produced the beginnings of life on Earth and its earliest evolution. The succeeding eon is the Phanerozoic, divided into three eras: the Palaeozoic, an era of arthropods, fishes, and the first life on land; the Mesozoic, which spanned the rise, reign, and climactic extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs; and the Cenozoic, which saw the rise of mammals. Recognizable humans emerged at most 2 million years ago, a vanishingly small period on the geological", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "18208704", "text": "Evolution of primates The evolutionary history of the primates can be traced back 65 million years. One of the oldest known primate-like mammal species, the \"Plesiadapis\", came from North America; another, \"Archicebus\", came from China. Other similar basal primates were widespread in Eurasia and Africa during the tropical conditions of the Paleocene and Eocene. \"Purgatorius\" is the genus of the four extinct species believed to be the earliest example of a primate or a proto-primate, a primatomorph precursor to the Plesiadapiformes, dating to as old as 66 million years ago. David Begun concluded that early primates flourished in Eurasia and", "title": "Evolution of primates" }, { "id": "10079523", "text": "date from the Paleocene, a few date from later and very few from the Cretaceous, before the extinction of the dinosaurs. But some paleontologists, influenced by molecular phylogenetic studies, have used statistical methods to extrapolate \"backwards\" from fossils of members of modern groups and concluded that primates arose in the late Cretaceous. However, statistical studies of the fossil record confirm that mammals were restricted in size and diversity right to the end of the Cretaceous, and rapidly grew in size and diversity during the Early Paleocene. \"Hadrocodium\", whose fossils date from the early Jurassic, provides the first clear evidence of", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "247103", "text": "a major role in the Neolithic revolution, causing farming to replace hunting and gathering, and leading to a major restructuring of human societies with the first civilizations. They provided, and continue to provide, power for transport and agriculture, as well as various commodities such as food (meat and dairy products), [[fur], and [[leather]]. Mammals are [[hunting\|hunted]] or raced for sport, and are used as [[model organism]]s in science. Mammals have been depicted in [[art]] since [[Palaeolithic]] times, and appear in literature, film, mythology, and religion. [[Defaunation]] of mammals is primarily driven by [[Holocene extinction\|anthropogenic]] factors, such as [[poaching]] and [[habitat", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "10079481", "text": "Evolution of mammals The evolution of mammals has passed through many stages since the first appearance of their synapsid ancestors in the late Carboniferous period. The most ancestral forms in the class Mammalia are the egg-laying mammals in the subclass Prototheria. This class first started out as something close to the platypus and evolved to modern day mammals. By the mid-Triassic, there were many synapsid species that looked like mammals. The lineage leading to today's mammals split up in the Jurassic; synapsids from this period include \"Dryolestes\", more closely related to extant placentals and marsupials than to monotremes, as well", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "8134830", "text": "this period, about 3.8 gya, around the same time as peak Late Heavy Bombardment. According to evidence from radiometric dating and other sources, Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago. Within its first billion years, life appeared in its oceans and began to affect its atmosphere and surface, promoting the proliferation of aerobic as well as anaerobic organisms. Since then, the combination of Earth's distance from the Sun, its physical properties and its geological history have allowed life to emerge, develop photosynthesis, and, later, evolve further and thrive. The earliest life on Earth arose at least 3.5 billion years ago.", "title": "Early Earth" }, { "id": "5345823", "text": "multiply and become better adapted to survival out of the water. Prokaryote lineages had probably colonized the land as early as 2.6 Ga even before the origin of the eukaryotes. For a long time, the land remained barren of multicellular organisms. The supercontinent Pannotia formed around 600 Ma and then broke apart a short 50 million years later. Fish, the earliest vertebrates, evolved in the oceans around 530 Ma. A major extinction event occurred near the end of the Cambrian period, which ended 488 Ma. Several hundred million years ago, plants (probably resembling algae) and fungi started growing at the", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "111350", "text": "the fossil record, as well as unique lineages that subsequently became extinct. Various triggers for the Cambrian explosion have been proposed, including the accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere from photosynthesis. About 500 million years ago, plants and fungi colonised the land and were soon followed by arthropods and other animals. Insects were particularly successful and even today make up the majority of animal species. Amphibians first appeared around 364 million years ago, followed by early amniotes and birds around 155 million years ago (both from \"reptile\"-like lineages), mammals around 129 million years ago, homininae around 10 million years ago", "title": "Evolution" }, { "id": "10079490", "text": "amniotes apparently arose in the middle Carboniferous from the ancestral reptiliomorphs. Within a few million years, two important amniote lineages became distinct: mammals' synapsid ancestors and the sauropsids, from which lizards, snakes, turtles/tortoises, crocodilians, dinosaurs, and birds are descended. The earliest known fossils of synapsids and sauropsids (such as \"Archaeothyris\" and \"Hylonomus\", respectively) date from about 320 to 315 million years ago. The times of origin are difficult to know, because vertebrate fossils from the late Carboniferous are very rare, and therefore the actual first occurrences of each of these types of animal might have been considerably earlier than the", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "709082", "text": "record was during the early Eocene, and by the late Eocene, sirenians had significantly diversified. Inhabitants of rivers, estuaries, and nearshore marine waters, they were able to spread rapidly. The most primitive sirenian, †\"Prorastomus\", was found in Jamaica, unlike other marine mammals which originated from the Old World (such as cetaceans). The first known quadrupedal sirenian was †\"Pezosiren\" from the early Eocene. The earliest known sea cows, of the families †Prorastomidae and †Protosirenidae, were both confined to the Eocene, and were pig-sized, four-legged, amphibious creatures. The first members of Dugongidae appeared by the end of the Eocene. At this point,", "title": "Marine mammal" }, { "id": "308255", "text": "raft of vegetation. Given estimated current and wind speeds, this would have provided enough time to make the voyage between the continents. Apes and monkeys spread from Africa into Europe and Asia starting in the Miocene. Soon after, the lorises and tarsiers made the same journey. The first hominin fossils were discovered in northern Africa and date back 5–8 mya. Old World monkeys disappeared from Europe about 1.8 mya. Molecular and fossil studies generally show that modern humans originated in Africa 100,000–200,000 years ago. Although primates are well studied in comparison to other animal groups, several new species have been", "title": "Primate" }, { "id": "5345762", "text": "it could be common in the universe.\" Photosynthetic organisms appeared between 3.2 and 2.4 billion years ago and began enriching the atmosphere with oxygen. Life remained mostly small and microscopic until about 580 million years ago, when complex multicellular life arose, developed over time, and culminated in the Cambrian Explosion about 541 million years ago. This sudden diversification of life forms produced most of the major phyla known today, and divided the Proterozoic Eon from the Cambrian Period of the Paleozoic Era. It is estimated that 99 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, over five billion, have", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "10079538", "text": "active. Evolution of mammals The evolution of mammals has passed through many stages since the first appearance of their synapsid ancestors in the late Carboniferous period. The most ancestral forms in the class Mammalia are the egg-laying mammals in the subclass Prototheria. This class first started out as something close to the platypus and evolved to modern day mammals. By the mid-Triassic, there were many synapsid species that looked like mammals. The lineage leading to today's mammals split up in the Jurassic; synapsids from this period include \"Dryolestes\", more closely related to extant placentals and marsupials than to monotremes, as", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "5345833", "text": "bigger. Grass started to expand in the Miocene, and the Miocene is where many modern- day mammals first appeared. Giant ungulates like \"Paraceratherium\" and \"Deinotherium\" evolved to rule the grasslands. The evolution of grass also brought primates down from the trees, and started human evolution. The first big cats evolved during this time as well. The Tethys Sea was closed off by the collision of Africa and Europe. The formation of Panama was perhaps the most important geological event to occur in the last 60 million years. Atlantic and Pacific currents were closed off from each other, which caused the", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "5345836", "text": "been going ever since. A small African ape living around 6 Ma was the last animal whose descendants would include both modern humans and their closest relatives, the chimpanzees. Only two branches of its family tree have surviving descendants. Very soon after the split, for reasons that are still unclear, apes in one branch developed the ability to walk upright. Brain size increased rapidly, and by 2 Ma, the first animals classified in the genus \"Homo\" had appeared. Of course, the line between different species or even genera is somewhat arbitrary as organisms continuously change over generations. Around the same", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "247121", "text": "from approximately 195 million years ago, in the early Jurassic, provides the first clear evidence of a jaw joint formed solely by the squamosal and dentary bones; there is no space in the jaw for the articular, a bone involved in the jaws of all early synapsids. The earliest clear evidence of hair or fur is in fossils of \"Castorocauda\" and \"[[Megaconus]]\", from 164 million years ago in the mid-Jurassic. In the 1950s, it was suggested that the foramina (passages) in the [[maxilla]]e and [[premaxilla]]e (bones in the front of the upper jaw) of cynodonts were channels which supplied blood", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "18208705", "text": "that a lineage leading to the African apes and humans, including \"Dryopithecus\", migrated south from Europe or Western Asia into Africa. The surviving tropical population of primates, which is seen most completely in the upper Eocene and lowermost Oligocene fossil beds of the Faiyum depression southwest of Cairo, gave rise to all living species—lemurs of Madagascar, lorises of Southeast Asia, galagos or \"bush babies\" of Africa, and the anthropoids: platyrrhine or New World monkeys, catarrhines or Old World monkeys, and the great apes, which share common ancestors with \"Homo sapiens\". The earliest known catarrhine is \"Kamoyapithecus\" from uppermost Oligocene at", "title": "Evolution of primates" }, { "id": "5345827", "text": "Another 30 million years (310 Ma) saw the divergence of the synapsids (including mammals) from the sauropsids (including birds and reptiles). Other groups of organisms continued to evolve, and lines diverged—in fish, insects, bacteria, and so on—but less is known of the details. After yet another, the most severe extinction of the period (251~250 Ma), around 230 Ma, dinosaurs split off from their reptilian ancestors. The Triassic–Jurassic extinction event at 200 Ma spared many of the dinosaurs, and they soon became dominant among the vertebrates. Though some mammalian lines began to separate during this period, existing mammals were probably small", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "5345821", "text": "to have found a place in modern classification. During the Cambrian, the first vertebrate animals, among them the first fishes, had appeared. A creature that could have been the ancestor of the fishes, or was probably closely related to it, was \"Pikaia\". It had a primitive notochord, a structure that could have developed into a vertebral column later. The first fishes with jaws (Gnathostomata) appeared during the next geological period, the Ordovician. The colonisation of new niches resulted in massive body sizes. In this way, fishes with increasing sizes evolved during the early Paleozoic, such as the titanic placoderm \"Dunkleosteus\",", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "8134831", "text": "Earlier possible evidence of life includes graphite, which may have a biogenic origin, in 3.7-billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in southwestern Greenland and 4.1-billion-year-old zircon grains in Western Australia. Early Earth The early Earth (sometimes referred to as Gaia) is loosely defined as Earth in its first one billion years, or gigayear. On the geologic time scale, this comprises all of the Hadean eon (starting with the formation of the Earth about 4.6 billion years ago), as well as the Eoarchean (starting 4 billion years ago) and part of the Paleoarchean (starting 3.6 billion years ago) eras of the Archean eon.", "title": "Early Earth" }, { "id": "5345761", "text": "scale. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era, after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils such as stromatolites found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in southwestern Greenland as well as \"remains of biotic life\" found in 4.1 billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia. According to one of the researchers, \"If life arose relatively quickly on Earth … then", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "10079484", "text": "dominant vertebrates. The mammaliaforms appeared during this period; their superior sense of smell, backed up by a large brain, facilitated entry into nocturnal niches with less exposure to archosaur predation. The nocturnal lifestyle may have contributed greatly to the development of mammalian traits such as endothermy and hair. Later in the Mesozoic, after theropod dinosaurs replaced rauisuchians as the dominant carnivores, mammals spread into other ecological niches. For example, some became aquatic, some were gliders, and some even fed on juvenile dinosaurs. Most of the evidence consists of fossils. For many years, fossils of Mesozoic mammals and their immediate ancestors", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "12008800", "text": "Geologic Calendar The Geologic Calendar is a scale in which the geological lifetime of the earth is mapped onto a calendrical year; that is to say, the \"day one\" of the earth took place on a geologic January 1 at precisely midnight, and today's date and time is December 31 at midnight. On this calendar, the inferred appearance of the first living single-celled organisms, prokaryotes, occurred on a geologic February 25 around 12:30pm to 1:07pm, dinosaurs first appeared on December 13, the first flower plants on December 22 and the first primates on December 28 at about 9:43pm. The first", "title": "Geologic Calendar" }, { "id": "5345814", "text": "approximately 542 million years ago. It consists of three eras: The Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic, and is the time when multi-cellular life greatly diversified into almost all the organisms known today. The Paleozoic (\"old life\") era was the first and longest era of the Phanerozoic eon, lasting from 542 to 251 Ma. During the Paleozoic, many modern groups of life came into existence. Life colonized the land, first plants, then animals. Two major extinctions occurred. The continents formed at the break-up of Pannotia and Rodinia at the end of the Proterozoic slowly moved together again, forming the supercontinent Pangaea in", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "247114", "text": "amniotes apparently arose in the Pennsylvanian subperiod of the [[Carboniferous]]. They descended from earlier [[Reptiliomorpha\|reptiliomorph]] amphibious tetrapods, which lived on land that was already inhabited by [[insect]]s and other invertebrates as well as [[fern]]s, [[moss]]es and other plants. Within a few million years, two important amniote lineages became distinct: the [[synapsid]]s, which would later include the common ancestor of the mammals; and the [[sauropsid]]s, which now include [[turtle]]s, [[lizard]]s, [[snake]]s, [[crocodilian]]s, [[dinosaur]]s and [[bird]]s. Synapsids have a single hole ([[temporal fenestra]]) low on each side of the skull. One synapsid group, the [[pelycosaur]]s, included the largest and fiercest animals of", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "5345828", "text": "animals resembling shrews. The boundary between avian and non-avian dinosaurs is not clear, but \"Archaeopteryx\", traditionally considered one of the first birds, lived around 150 Ma. The earliest evidence for the angiosperms evolving flowers is during the Cretaceous period, some 20 million years later (132 Ma). The first of five great mass extinctions was the Ordovician-Silurian extinction. Its possible cause was the intense glaciation of Gondwana, which eventually led to a snowball earth. 60% of marine invertebrates became extinct and 25% of all families. The second mass extinction was the Late Devonian extinction, probably caused by the evolution of trees,", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "111073", "text": "of the non-avian dinosaurs and other large reptiles, but spared some small animals such as mammals, which at the time resembled shrews. Mammalian life has diversified over the past , and several million years ago an African ape-like animal such as \"Orrorin tugenensis\" gained the ability to stand upright. This facilitated tool use and encouraged communication that provided the nutrition and stimulation needed for a larger brain, which led to the evolution of humans. The development of agriculture, and then civilization, led to humans having an influence on Earth and the nature and quantity of other life forms that continues", "title": "Earth" }, { "id": "10079522", "text": "85 million years ago, but that modern families first appeared later, in the late Eocene and early Miocene epochs of the Cenozoic period. Fossil-based analyses, on the contrary, limit the placentals to the Cenozoic. Many Cretaceous fossil sites contain well-preserved lizards, salamanders, birds, and mammals, but not the modern forms of mammals. It is likely that they simply did not exist, and that the molecular clock runs fast during major evolutionary radiations. On the other hand, there is fossil evidence from of hoofed mammals that may be ancestors of modern ungulates. Fossils of the earliest members of most modern groups", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "121231", "text": "with a warm temperate to sub-tropical rainforest, became much colder as the period progressed; the heat-loving tropical flora was wiped out, and by the beginning of the Oligocene, the continent hosted deciduous forests and vast stretches of tundra. The oldest known fossils of most of the modern mammal orders appear within a brief period during the early Eocene. At the beginning of the Eocene, several new mammal groups arrived in North America. These modern mammals, like artiodactyls, perissodactyls and primates, had features like long, thin legs, feet and hands capable of grasping, as well as differentiated teeth adapted for chewing.", "title": "Eocene" }, { "id": "2544208", "text": "\"Homo sapiens\" diverged from the lineage that would lead to chimpanzees and bonobos, the closest living relatives of modern humans, around 4.6 to 6.2 million years ago. Anatomically modern humans arose in Africa about 300,000 years ago, and reached behavioural modernity about 50,000 years ago. Modern humans spread rapidly from Africa into the frost-free zones of Europe and Asia around 60,000 years ago. The rapid expansion of humankind to North America and Oceania took place at the climax of the most recent ice age, when temperate regions of today were extremely inhospitable. Yet, humans had colonized nearly all the ice-free", "title": "History of the world" }, { "id": "5345825", "text": "the terrestrial plants. There is also unconfirmed evidence that arthropods may have appeared on land as early as 530 Ma. At the end of the Ordovician period, 443 Ma, additional extinction events occurred, perhaps due to a concurrent ice age. Around 380 to 375 Ma, the first tetrapods evolved from fish. Fins evolved to become limbs that the first tetrapods used to lift their heads out of the water to breathe air. This would let them live in oxygen-poor water, or pursue small prey in shallow water. They may have later ventured on land for brief periods. Eventually, some of", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "5345794", "text": "from prokaryotes into eukaryotes and multicellular forms. The Proterozoic saw a couple of severe ice ages called snowball Earths. After the last Snowball Earth about 600 Ma, the evolution of life on Earth accelerated. About 580 Ma, the Ediacaran biota formed the prelude for the Cambrian Explosion. The earliest cells absorbed energy and food from the surrounding environment. They used fermentation, the breakdown of more complex compounds into less complex compounds with less energy, and used the energy so liberated to grow and reproduce. Fermentation can only occur in an \"anaerobic\" (oxygen-free) environment. The evolution of photosynthesis made it possible", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "5345832", "text": "oceans to eventually evolve into whales, whereas some creatures, like primates, took to the trees. This all changed during the mid to late Eocene when the circum-Antarctic current formed between Antarctica and Australia which disrupted weather patterns on a global scale. Grassless savannas began to predominate much of the landscape, and mammals such as \"Andrewsarchus\" rose up to become the largest known terrestrial predatory mammal ever, and early whales like \"Basilosaurus\" took control of the seas. The evolution of grass brought a remarkable change to the Earth's landscape, and the new open spaces created pushed mammals to get bigger and", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "12366949", "text": "and occupying a wider variety of ecological niches. Ten million years after the death of the non-avian dinosaurs, the world was filled with rodent-like mammals, medium-sized mammals scavenging in forests, and large herbivorous and carnivorous mammals hunting other mammals, birds, and reptiles. Fossil evidence from the Paleocene is scarce, and there is relatively little known about mammals of the time. Because of their small size (constant until late in the epoch) early mammal bones are not well preserved in the fossil record, and most of what we know comes from fossil teeth (a much tougher substance), and only a few", "title": "Paleocene" }, { "id": "5345839", "text": "ago. The first humans to show signs of spirituality are the Neanderthals (usually classified as a separate species with no surviving descendants); they buried their dead, often with no sign of food or tools. However, evidence of more sophisticated beliefs, such as the early Cro-Magnon cave paintings (probably with magical or religious significance) did not appear until 32,000 years ago. Cro-Magnons also left behind stone figurines such as Venus of Willendorf, probably also signifying religious belief. By 11,000 years ago, \"Homo sapiens\" had reached the southern tip of South America, the last of the uninhabited continents (except for Antarctica, which", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "18208709", "text": "fossil proto-orangutans may be represented by \"Sivapithecus\" from India and \"Griphopithecus\" from Turkey, dated to around 10 million years ago. Lemurs, in the suborder Strepsirrhini, had been isolated on the island of Madagascar between 42 and 50 mya, allowing for their independent evolution. Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes. This process involved the gradual development of traits such as", "title": "Evolution of primates" }, { "id": "5345837", "text": "time, the other branch split into the ancestors of the common chimpanzee and the ancestors of the bonobo as evolution continued simultaneously in all life forms. The ability to control fire probably began in \"Homo erectus\" (or \"Homo ergaster\"), probably at least 790,000 years ago but perhaps as early as 1.5 Ma. The use and discovery of controlled fire may even predate \"Homo erectus\". Fire was possibly used by the early Lower Paleolithic (Oldowan) hominid \"Homo habilis\" or strong australopithecines such as \"Paranthropus.\" It is more difficult to establish the origin of language; it is unclear whether \"Homo erectus\" could", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "12596357", "text": "earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after geological crust started to solidify, following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. Microbial mat fossils in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone have been found in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of life includes graphite, a biogenic substance, in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks in western Greenland and, in 2015, \"remains of biotic life\" found in 4.1 billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia. According to one of the researchers, \"If life arose relatively quickly on Earth ... then it could be common in the universe.\"", "title": "Introduction to evolution" }, { "id": "10172465", "text": "as most probably being early sponges. The oldest animals are found in the Ediacaran biota, towards the end of the Precambrian, around 610 million years ago. It had long been doubtful whether these included animals, but the discovery of the animal lipid cholesterol in fossils of \"Dickinsonia\" establishes that these were indeed animals. Many animal phyla first appear in the fossil record during the Cambrian explosion, starting about 542 million years ago, in beds such as the Burgess shale. Extant phyla in these rocks include molluscs, brachiopods, onychophorans, tardigrades, arthropods, echinoderms and hemichordates, along with numerous now-extinct forms such as", "title": "Animal" }, { "id": "16939457", "text": "the Cenozoic. From Eocene times onward they began increasing in size. The beginning of the Cenozoic was also the beginning of the Age of Mammals. The small shrew-like generalist insectivores that survived the Late Cretaceous extinction event began diversifying into the mammals that dominate the modern world's terrestrial ecosystems. The creodonts, which first appeared in the Paleocene, were among the first mammals to specialize in carnivory. The coastal region of the southeastern states, like Alabama and Mississippi were covered in seawater and home to the primitive whale \"Basilosaurus\" during the Eocene. The diversity of mammalian carnivores on land increased from", "title": "Prehistory of the United States" }, { "id": "255583", "text": "that would move into their current positions during the next era. The climate of the Mesozoic was varied, alternating between warming and cooling periods. Overall, however, the Earth was hotter than it is today. Dinosaurs appeared in the Late Triassic and became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates early in the Jurassic, occupying this position for about 135 million years until their demise at the end of the Cretaceous. Birds first appeared in the Jurassic, having evolved from a branch of theropod dinosaurs. The first mammals also appeared during the Mesozoic, but would remain small—less than 15 kg (33 lb)—until the Cenozoic.", "title": "Mesozoic" }, { "id": "10586316", "text": "Evolutionary history of life The evolutionary history of life on Earth traces the processes by which both living organisms and fossil organisms evolved since life emerged on the planet, until the present. Earth formed about 4.5 billion years (Ga) ago and evidence suggests life emerged prior to 3.7 Ga. Although there is some evidence to suggest that life appeared as early as 4.1 to 4.28 Ga this evidence remains controversial due to the non-biological mechanisms that may have formed these potential signatures of past life. The similarities among all known species of present-day organisms indicate that they have diverged through", "title": "Evolutionary history of life" }, { "id": "10172461", "text": "sea floor do not depend on the energy of sunlight. Rather, archaea and bacteria in these locations produce organic matter through chemosynthesis (by oxidizing inorganic compounds, such as methane) and form the base of the local food web. Animals originally evolved in the sea. Lineages of arthropods colonised land around the same time as land plants, probably between 510–471 million years ago during the Late Cambrian or Early Ordovician. Vertebrates such as the lobe-finned fish \"Tiktaalik\" started to move on to land in the late Devonian, about 375 million years ago. Animals occupy virtually all of earth's habitats and microhabitats,", "title": "Animal" }, { "id": "2544209", "text": "parts of the globe by the end of the Ice Age, some 12,000 years ago. Other hominids such as \"Homo erectus\" had been using simple wood and stone tools for millennia, but as time progressed, tools became far more refined and complex. Perhaps as early as 1.8 million years ago, but certainly by 500,000 years ago, humans began using fire for heat and cooking. They also developed language in the Paleolithic period and a conceptual repertoire that included systematic burial of the dead and adornment of the living. Early artistic expression can be found in the form of cave paintings", "title": "History of the world" }, { "id": "20897402", "text": "more diverse. The burrowing rodents, birds, kangaroos, small carnivores, and vultures increase in size. There was a decrease in the number of perissodactyl mammals, and the nimravid carnivores went extinct. The first mammoths came about 4.8 million years ago. The evolution of the Australopithecus occurred four million years ago. This was also the time of the largest freshwater turtle, the Stupendemys. The first modern elephants, gazelles, giraffes, lions, rhinoceros, and zebras came about at this time. Between 3.6 and 3.4 million years ago, there was a sudden but brief warming period. The glaciation of the Arctic in the Northern Hemisphere", "title": "Late Cenozoic Ice Age" }, { "id": "5345834", "text": "formation of the Gulf Stream, which made Europe warmer. The land bridge allowed the isolated creatures of South America to migrate over to North America, and vice versa. Various species migrated south, leading to the presence in South America of llamas, the spectacled bear, kinkajous and jaguars. Three million years ago saw the start of the Pleistocene epoch, which featured dramatic climactic changes due to the ice ages. The ice ages led to the evolution of modern man in Saharan Africa and expansion. The mega-fauna that dominated fed on grasslands that, by now, had taken over much of the subtropical", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "326834", "text": "ruled became extinct. Archaic mammals, such as creodonts and early primates that evolved during the Mesozoic filled the world. Mammals were still quite small, meanwhile enormous crocodiles and snakes like \"Titanoboa\" radiated to fill the niche of top predator. The Eocene Epoch ranged from 56 million to 34 million years ago. In the early Eocene, most land mammals were small and living in cramped jungles, much like the Paleocene. Among them were early primates, whales and horses along with many other early forms of mammals. At the top of the food chains were huge birds, such as \"Gastornis\". Carnivorous flightless", "title": "Phanerozoic" }, { "id": "10079482", "text": "as \"Ambondro\", more closely related to monotremes. Later on, the eutherian and metatherian lineages separated; the metatherians are the animals more closely related to the marsupials, while the eutherians are those more closely related to the placentals. Since \"Juramaia\", the earliest known eutherian, lived 160 million years ago in the Jurassic, this divergence must have occurred in the same period. After the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs (birds being the only surviving dinosaurs) and several mammalian groups, placental and marsupial mammals diversified into many new forms and ecological niches throughout the Paleogene and Neogene, by the end", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "5345824", "text": "edges of the water, and then out of it. The oldest fossils of land fungi and plants date to 480–460 Ma, though molecular evidence suggests the fungi may have colonized the land as early as 1000 Ma and the plants 700 Ma. Initially remaining close to the water's edge, mutations and variations resulted in further colonization of this new environment. The timing of the first animals to leave the oceans is not precisely known: the oldest clear evidence is of arthropods on land around 450 Ma, perhaps thriving and becoming better adapted due to the vast food source provided by", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "247112", "text": "120 million years ago, depending on the type of DNA used (such as [[nuclear DNA\|nuclear]] or [[mitochondrial DNA\|mitochondrial]]) and varying interpretations of [[paleogeographic]] data. The [[cladogram]] above is based on Tarver \"et al\". (2016) Group I: Superorder [[Afrotheria]] Group II: Superorder [[Xenarthra]] Group III: Magnaorder [[Boreoeutheria]] [[Synapsida]], a clade that contains mammals and their extinct relatives, originated during the [[Pennsylvanian (geology)\|Pennsylvanian subperiod]] (~323 million to ~300 million years ago), when they split from reptilian and avian lineages. Crown group mammals evolved from earlier [[Mammaliaformes\|mammaliaforms]] during the [[Early Jurassic]]. The cladogram takes Mammalia to be the crown group. [[File:Skull synapsida 1.png\|thumb\|The", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "5345817", "text": "the ocean floors rise during such periods. This causes the sea level to rise. Therefore, in the first half of the Paleozoic, large areas of the continents were below sea level. Early Paleozoic climates were warmer than today, but the end of the Ordovician saw a short ice age during which glaciers covered the south pole, where the huge continent Gondwana was situated. Traces of glaciation from this period are only found on former Gondwana. During the Late Ordovician ice age, a few mass extinctions took place, in which many brachiopods, trilobites, Bryozoa and corals disappeared. These marine species could", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "10586323", "text": "including the ancestors of mammals, dominated the land, but most of this group became extinct in the Permian–Triassic extinction event . During the recovery from this catastrophe, archosaurs became the most abundant land vertebrates; one archosaur group, the dinosaurs, dominated the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. After the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event killed off the non-avian dinosaurs, mammals increased rapidly in size and diversity. Such mass extinctions may have accelerated evolution by providing opportunities for new groups of organisms to diversify. The oldest meteorite fragments found on Earth are about 4.54 billion years old; this, coupled primarily with the dating of ancient", "title": "Evolutionary history of life" }, { "id": "20031046", "text": "Earth dates from at least 3.5 billion years ago. There is evidence that life began much earlier. In 2017, fossilized microorganisms, or microfossils, were announced to have been discovered in hydrothermal vent precipitates in the Nuvvuagittuq Belt of Quebec, Canada that may be as old as 4.28 billion years old, the oldest record of life on Earth, suggesting \"an almost instantaneous emergence of life\" (in a geological time-scale sense), after ocean formation 4.41 billion years ago, and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 billion years ago. Nonetheless, life may have started even earlier, at nearly 4.5 billion", "title": "Earliest known life forms" }, { "id": "289886", "text": "the Neoproterozoic era, freezing temperatures covered much of the Earth in glaciers and ice sheets. This hypothesis has been termed the \"Snowball Earth\", and it is of particular interest as it precedes the Cambrian explosion in which multicellular life forms began to proliferate about 530–540 million years ago. Since the Cambrian explosion there have been five distinctly identifiable mass extinctions. The last mass extinction occurred some 66 million years ago, when a meteorite collision probably triggered the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs and other large reptiles, but spared small animals such as mammals. Over the past 66 million years, mammalian", "title": "Nature" }, { "id": "247108", "text": "referred to the Mammalia since the mid-19th century. If Mammalia is considered as the crown group, its origin can be roughly dated as the first known appearance of animals more closely related to some extant mammals than to others. \"[[Ambondro mahabo\|Ambondro]]\" is more closely related to monotremes than to therian mammals while \"[[Amphilestes]]\" and \"[[Amphitherium]]\" are more closely related to the therians; as fossils of all three genera are dated about in the [[Middle Jurassic]], this is a reasonable estimate for the appearance of the crown group. T. S. Kemp has provided a more traditional definition: \"[[synapsid]]s that possess a", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "10079521", "text": "than 150M years ago, and from each other between 100M and 80M years ago. So it would not be surprising if the earliest eutherian immigrants into Africa and South America were isolated there and radiated into all the available ecological niches. Nevertheless, these proposals have been controversial. Paleontologists naturally insist that fossil evidence must take priority over deductions from samples of the DNA of modern animals. More surprisingly, these new family trees have been criticised by other molecular phylogeneticists, sometimes quite harshly: Recent molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that most placental orders diverged late in the Cretaceous period, about 100 to", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "id": "5345838", "text": "speak or if that capability had not begun until \"Homo sapiens\". As brain size increased, babies were born earlier, before their heads grew too large to pass through the pelvis. As a result, they exhibited more plasticity, and thus possessed an increased capacity to learn and required a longer period of dependence. Social skills became more complex, language became more sophisticated, and tools became more elaborate. This contributed to further cooperation and intellectual development. Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\") are believed to have originated around 200,000 years ago or earlier in Africa; the oldest fossils date back to around 160,000 years", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "71740", "text": "The oceans were dominated by sharks as the large reptiles that had once predominated were extinct. Archaic mammals filled the world such as creodonts (extinct carnivores, unrelated to existing Carnivora). The Eocene Epoch ranged from 56 million years to 33.9 million years ago. In the Early-Eocene, species living in dense forest were unable to evolve into larger forms, as in the Paleocene. There was nothing over the weight of 10 kilograms. Among them were early primates, whales and horses along with many other early forms of mammals. At the top of the food chains were huge birds, such as Paracrax.", "title": "Cenozoic" }, { "id": "11812856", "text": "Timeline of human prehistory This timeline of human prehistory comprises the time from the first appearance of \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa 300,000 years ago to the invention of writing and the beginning of historiography, after 5,000 years ago. It thus covers the time from the Middle Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) to the very beginnings of the world history. All dates are approximate subject to revision based on new discoveries or analyses. \"Epipaleolithic\" or \"Mesolithic\" are terms for a transitional period between the Last Glacial Maximum and the Neolithic Revolution in Old World (Eurasian) cultures. The terms \"Neolithic\" and \"Bronze Age\"", "title": "Timeline of human prehistory" }, { "id": "18904389", "text": "first animal to be launched into space and orbit the Earth. On 31 January 1961, as part of Project Mercury, the chimpanzee Ham became the first hominid launched into space; his mission was a suborbital flight. On 29 November 1961, Enos became the first chimp, and third hominid after cosmonauts Yuri Gagarin and Gherman Titov, to achieve Earth orbit. He orbited the Earth for 1 hour and 28 minutes, surviving the flight and reentry. Félicette was a black-and-white stray cat, found on the streets of Paris by a pet dealer, and later was purchased by the French government. The French", "title": "Félicette" }, { "id": "247100", "text": "dogs, seals, and others). In cladistics, which reflect evolution, mammals are classified as endothermic amniotes. They are the only living Synapsida, which together with the Sauropsida (reptiles and birds) form the Amniota clade. The early synapsid mammalian ancestors were sphenacodont pelycosaurs, a group that produced the non-mammalian \"Dimetrodon\". At the end of the Carboniferous period, this group diverged from the sauropsid line that led to today's reptiles and birds. The line following the stem group Sphenacodontia split-off several diverse groups of non-mammalian synapsids—sometimes referred to as mammal-like reptiles—before giving rise to the proto-mammals (Therapsida) in the early Mesozoic era. The", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "12613989", "text": "much later than any found in Precambrian strata. Geological records indicate that although the first true mammals appeared in the Triassic period, modern mammalian orders appeared in the Palaeocene and Eocene epochs of the Palaeogene period. Hundreds of millions of years separate this period from the Precambrian. Several authors have written that J.B.S. Haldane (1892–1964) said that the discovery of a fossil rabbit in Precambrian rocks would be enough to destroy his belief in evolution. However these references date from the 1990s or later. In 1996 Michael J. Benton cited the 1993 edition of Mark Ridley's book \"Evolution\", Richard Dawkins", "title": "Precambrian rabbit" }, { "id": "5345826", "text": "them became so well adapted to terrestrial life that they spent their adult lives on land, although they hatched in the water and returned to lay their eggs. This was the origin of the amphibians. About 365 Ma, another period of extinction occurred, perhaps as a result of global cooling. Plants evolved seeds, which dramatically accelerated their spread on land, around this time (by approximately 360 Ma). About 20 million years later (340 Ma), the amniotic egg evolved, which could be laid on land, giving a survival advantage to tetrapod embryos. This resulted in the divergence of amniotes from amphibians.", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "10586321", "text": "from a common ancestor that was a single celled eukaryotic species. Bilateria, animals with a front and a back, appeared by 555 Ma (million years ago). The earliest complex land plants date back to around 850 Ma, from carbon isotopes in Precambrian rocks, while algae-like multicellular land plants are dated back even to about 1 billion years ago, although evidence suggests that microorganisms formed the earliest terrestrial ecosystems, at least 2.7 Ga. Microorganisms are thought to have paved the way for the inception of land plants in the Ordovician. Land plants were so successful that they are thought to have", "title": "Evolutionary history of life" }, { "id": "20031041", "text": "Earliest known life forms The earliest known life forms on Earth are putative fossilized microorganisms found in hydrothermal vent precipitates. The earliest time that life forms first appeared on Earth is unknown. They may have lived earlier than 3.77 billion years ago, possibly as early as 4.28 billion years ago, or nearly 4.5 billion years ago according to some; in any regards, not long after the oceans formed 4.41 billion years ago, and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 billion years ago. The earliest \"direct\" evidence of life on Earth are microfossils of microorganisms permineralized in 3.465-billion-year-old", "title": "Earliest known life forms" }, { "id": "10358325", "text": "fossil brachiopods shows that it was probably no longer than 0.5 to 1.5 million years. The event was preceded by a fall in atmospheric carbon dioxide (from 7000ppm to 4400ppm) which selectively affected the shallow seas where most organisms lived. As the southern supercontinent Gondwana drifted over the South Pole, ice caps formed on it. Evidence of these ice caps have been detected in Upper Ordovician rock strata of North Africa and then-adjacent northeastern South America, which were south-polar locations at the time. The Silurian is a major division of the geologic timescale that started about 443.8 ± 1.5 Ma.", "title": "Geological history of Earth" }, { "id": "2989293", "text": "United States launched flights containing monkeys and primates primarily between 1948-1961 with one flight in 1969 and one in 1985. France launched two monkey-carrying flights in 1967. The Soviet Union and Russia launched monkeys between 1983 and 1996. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Soviet space program used a number of dogs for sub-orbital and orbital space flights. Two tortoises and a variety of insects were the first inhabitants of Earth to circle the Moon, on the 1968 Zond 5 mission. Animals had been used in aeronautic exploration since 1783 when the Montgolfier brothers sent a sheep, a duck, and", "title": "Animals in space" }, { "id": "10586387", "text": "that were very like today's mammals in a number of respects. Unfortunately, there is a gap in the fossil record throughout the Middle Jurassic. However, fossil teeth discovered in Madagascar indicate that the split between the lineage leading to monotremes and the one leading to other living mammals had occurred by . After dominating land vertebrate niches for about 150 Ma, the non-avian dinosaurs perished in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event () along with many other groups of organisms. Mammals throughout the time of the dinosaurs had been restricted to a narrow range of taxa, sizes and shapes, but increased rapidly", "title": "Evolutionary history of life" }, { "id": "5345840", "text": "remained undiscovered until 1820 AD). Tool use and communication continued to improve, and interpersonal relationships became more intricate. Throughout more than 90% of its history, \"Homo sapiens\" lived in small bands as nomadic hunter-gatherers. As language became more complex, the ability to remember and communicate information resulted, according to a theory proposed by Richard Dawkins, in a new replicator: the meme. Ideas could be exchanged quickly and passed down the generations. Cultural evolution quickly outpaced biological evolution, and history proper began. Between 8500 and 7000 BC, humans in the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East began the systematic husbandry of", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "12789460", "text": "of the system led to its expansion into the Cretaceous (formalized 1986) and the Holocene (formalized 2014). These additions have been used in research related to the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event and the ensuing recovery, and to the Anthropocene debate, respectively. North American land mammal age The North American land mammal ages (NALMA) establishes a geologic timescale for North American fauna beginning during the Late Cretaceous and continuing through to the present. These periods are referred to as ages or intervals (or stages when referring to the rock strata of that age) and were established using geographic place names where fossil", "title": "North American land mammal age" }, { "id": "8089416", "text": "Researchers are beginning to restudy oreodonts and synonymize many genera, but only a few groups have been reviewed. This diverse group of stocky prehistoric mammals grazed amid the grasslands, prairies, or savannas of North and Central America throughout much of the Cenozoic era. First appearing 48 million years ago (Mya) during the warm Eocene epoch of the Paleogene period, the oreodonts dominated the American landscape 34 to 23 Mya during the dry Oligocene epoch, but they mysteriously disappeared 4 Mya during the colder Pliocene epoch of the late Neogene period. Today, fossil jaws and teeth of the Oreodonta are commonly", "title": "Merycoidodontoidea" }, { "id": "5345816", "text": "divided into the Miocene, Pliocene, and the Quaternary composed of the Pleistocene, and Holocene. Mammals, birds, amphibians, crocodilians, turtles, and lepidosaurs survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event that killed off the non-avian dinosaurs and many other forms of life, and this is the era during which they diversified into their modern forms. At the end of the Proterozoic, the supercontinent Pannotia had broken apart into the smaller continents Laurentia, Baltica, Siberia and Gondwana. During periods when continents move apart, more oceanic crust is formed by volcanic activity. Because young volcanic crust is relatively hotter and less dense than old oceanic crust,", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "311425", "text": "where native horses and camels were wiped out. In July 2018, a team of Russian scientists in collaboration with Princeton University announced that they had brought two female nematodes frozen in permafrost, from around 42,000 years ago, back to life. The two nematodes, at the time, were the oldest confirmed living animals on the planet. The evolution of anatomically modern humans took place during the Pleistocene. In the beginning of the Pleistocene \"Paranthropus\" species are still present, as well as early human ancestors, but during the lower Palaeolithic they disappeared, and the only hominin species found in fossilic records is", "title": "Pleistocene" }, { "id": "16939407", "text": "went extinct, likely because a meteor impact destabilized the planet's ecosystems. After the extinction of the dominant reptile groups, the Cenozoic ushered in the Age of Mammals. Sea levels continued to decline until the vast Western Interior Seaway was reduced to a small inland body in North Dakota. Mammals were beginning to diversify and dominate the land. The creodonts, forerunners of modern carnivores, arose to prominence during the Paleocene. During the Eocene the western states were home to small primitive camels and horses. Over time both groups got larger and lost several toes. Even by the late Eocene mammals had", "title": "Paleontology in the United States" }, { "id": "10586367", "text": "be true vertebrates, and \"Haikouichthys\" had distinct vertebrae, which may have been slightly mineralized. Vertebrates with jaws, such as the acanthodians, first appeared in the Late Ordovician. Adaptation to life on land is a major challenge: all land organisms need to avoid drying-out and all those above microscopic size must create special structures to withstand gravity; respiration and gas exchange systems have to change; reproductive systems cannot depend on water to carry eggs and sperm towards each other. Although the earliest good evidence of land plants and animals dates back to the Ordovician period (), and a number of microorganism", "title": "Evolutionary history of life" }, { "id": "111072", "text": "in Western Greenland, and remains of biotic material found in 4.1 billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia. The earliest direct evidence of life on Earth is contained in 3.45 billion-year-old Australian rocks showing fossils of microorganisms. During the Neoproterozoic, , much of Earth might have been covered in ice. This hypothesis has been termed \"Snowball Earth\", and it is of particular interest because it preceded the Cambrian explosion, when multicellular life forms significantly increased in complexity. Following the Cambrian explosion, , there have been five mass extinctions. The most recent such event was , when an asteroid impact triggered the extinction", "title": "Earth" }, { "id": "20897405", "text": "the Earth's climate. Over a 100,000 year cycle, Earth oscillates between having a circular orbit to having a more elliptical orbit. From 2.58 million years ago to about 1.73 million ± 50,000 years years ago, the degree of axial tilt was the main cause of glacial and interglacial periods. 2.5 million years ago brought about the evolution of the earliest Smilodon species. Homo habilis came about two million years ago. This was the first species of the genus Homo. Conifer trees became more diverse in the high latitudes. The ancestor of cattle evolved in India, the Bos primigenus (aurochs). The", "title": "Late Cenozoic Ice Age" }, { "id": "12552758", "text": "All cells share several similar characteristics of: The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) is the most recent organism from which all organisms now living on Earth descend. Thus it is the most recent common ancestor of all current life on Earth. The LUCA is estimated to have lived some 3.5 to 3.8 billion years ago (sometime in the Paleoarchean era). The earliest evidence for life on Earth is graphite found to be biogenic in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western Greenland and microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Although more than 99 percent", "title": "Organism" }, { "id": "10586368", "text": "lineages made it onto land much earlier, modern land ecosystems only appeared in the Late Devonian, about . In May 2017, evidence of the earliest known life on land may have been found in 3.48-billion-year-old geyserite and other related mineral deposits (often found around hot springs and geysers) uncovered in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia. Oxygen is a potent oxidant whose accumulation in terrestrial atmosphere resulted from the development of photosynthesis over 3 Ga, in cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), which were the most primitive oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Brown algae accumulate inorganic mineral antioxidants such as rubidium, vanadium, zinc, iron, copper,", "title": "Evolutionary history of life" }, { "id": "14273445", "text": "but evidence for the presence of eukaryotic cells during this period can be found in the fossil record and molecular fossils. After eukaryotic cells evolved, multicellularity appeared. By 1.8 Ga the first living things on planet Earth that were big enough to see with the naked eye had appeared. By the end of the Boring Billion, multicellular algae, fungi, and animals inhabited Earth. Almost all of this life was restricted to Earth's oceans, but near the end of the Boring Billion the first terrestrial life, a proto-lichen, colonized land. There is no agreed upon theory for the evolutionary steps that", "title": "Boring Billion" }, { "id": "247123", "text": "to have first evolved in non-mammalian [[therapsids]]. Modern monotremes have lower body temperatures and more variable metabolic rates than marsupials and placentals, but there is evidence that some of their ancestors, perhaps including ancestors of the therians, may have had body temperatures like those of modern therians. Likewise, some modern therians like afrotheres and xenarthrans have secondarily developed lower body temperatures. The evolution of erect limbs in mammals is incomplete — living and fossil monotremes have sprawling limbs. The parasagittal (nonsprawling) limb posture appeared sometime in the late Jurassic or early Cretaceous; it is found in the eutherian \"Eomaia\" and", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "130729", "text": "from China. Other similar basal primates were widespread in Eurasia and Africa during the tropical conditions of the Paleocene and Eocene. David R. Begun concluded that early primates flourished in Eurasia and that a lineage leading to the African apes and humans, including to \"Dryopithecus\", migrated south from Europe or Western Asia into Africa. The surviving tropical population of primates—which is seen most completely in the Upper Eocene and lowermost Oligocene fossil beds of the Faiyum depression southwest of Cairo—gave rise to all extant primate species, including the lemurs of Madagascar, lorises of Southeast Asia, galagos or \"bush babies\" of", "title": "Human evolution" }, { "id": "243901", "text": "organic compounds. Properties common to all organisms include the need for certain core chemical elements to sustain biochemical functions. Life on Earth first appeared as early as 4.28 billion years ago, soon after ocean formation 4.41 billion years ago, and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 billion years ago. Earth's current life may have descended from an RNA world, although RNA-based life may not have been the first. The mechanism by which life began on Earth is unknown, though many hypotheses have been formulated and are often based on the Miller–Urey experiment. The earliest known life forms", "title": "Life" }, { "id": "20897399", "text": "Dronning Maud ice cap merged with the main ice cap 27.9 million years ago. This was the formation of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. 25 million years ago brought about the first deer. It also was the time period in which the largest flying bird existed, the Pelagornis sandersi. Global refrigeration set in 22 million years ago. 20 million years ago brought about the first bears, giraffes, giant anteaters, and hyenas. There was also an increase in the diversity of birds. The first bovids, kangaroos, and mastodons came about 15 million years ago. This was the warmest part of the", "title": "Late Cenozoic Ice Age" }, { "id": "71749", "text": "grew larger than humans. These species are sometimes referred to as \"terror birds,\" and were formidable predators. Mammals came to occupy almost every available niche (both marine and terrestrial), and some also grew very large, attaining sizes not seen in most of today's terrestrial mammals. Early animals were the Entelodon (a so-called \"hell pig\"), Paraceratherium (a hornless rhinoceros relative) and Basilosaurus (an early whale). The extinction of many large diapsid groups, such as flightless dinosaurs, Plesiosauria and Pterosauria allowed mammals and birds to greatly diversify and become the world's predominant fauna. Geologically, the Cenozoic is the era when the continents", "title": "Cenozoic" }, { "id": "130723", "text": "\"Homo sapiens\". It is believed that these species, \"H. erectus\" and \"H. ergaster\", were the first to use fire and complex tools. The earliest transitional fossils between \"H. ergaster/erectus\" and archaic \"H. sapiens\" are from Africa, such as \"Homo rhodesiensis\", but seemingly transitional forms were also found at Dmanisi, Georgia. These descendants of African \"H. erectus\" spread through Eurasia from ca. 500,000 years ago evolving into \"H. antecessor\", \"H. heidelbergensis\" and \"H. neanderthalensis\". The earliest fossils of anatomically modern humans are from the Middle Paleolithic, about 200,000 years ago such as the Omo remains of Ethiopia; later fossils from Es", "title": "Human evolution" }, { "id": "4491948", "text": "America and North America, facilitating the distribution of mammals seen today. With the exception of bats and murine rodents, no placental land mammals reached Australasia until the first human settlers arrived approximately 50,000 years ago. It should however be noted that these molecular results are still controversial mainly because they are not reflected by morphological data and thus not accepted by many systematists. It is also important to note that fossil taxa are not and, in most cases cannot, be included. Although there are instances of DNA being recovered from prehistoric mammals such as the ground sloth \"Mylodon\" and Neanderthal", "title": "Mammal classification" }, { "id": "5328268", "text": "and even today make up the majority of animal species. Amphibians first appeared around 364 million years ago, followed by early amniotes and birds around 155 million years ago (both from \"reptile\"-like lineages), mammals around 129 million years ago, homininae around 10 million years ago and modern humans around 250,000 years ago. However, despite the evolution of these large animals, smaller organisms similar to the types that evolved early in this process continue to be highly successful and dominate the Earth, with the majority of both biomass and species being prokaryotes. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range", "title": "Marine life" }, { "id": "5345819", "text": "took place during the Carboniferous period (359–299 Ma) and resulted in the formation of the last supercontinent, Pangaea. By 180 Ma, Pangaea broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana. The rate of the evolution of life as recorded by fossils accelerated in the Cambrian period (542–488 Ma). The sudden emergence of many new species, phyla, and forms in this period is called the Cambrian Explosion. The biological fomenting in the Cambrian Explosion was unpreceded before and since that time. Whereas the Ediacaran life forms appear yet primitive and not easy to put in any modern group, at the end of the", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "10586393", "text": "by Charles Darwin in 1871. Modern humans evolved from a lineage of upright-walking apes that has been traced back over to \"Sahelanthropus\". The first known stone tools were made about , apparently by \"Australopithecus garhi\", and were found near animal bones that bear scratches made by these tools. The earliest hominines had chimpanzee-sized brains, but there has been a fourfold increase in the last 3 Ma; a statistical analysis suggests that hominine brain sizes depend almost completely on the date of the fossils, while the species to which they are assigned has only slight influence. There is a long-running debate", "title": "Evolutionary history of life" }, { "id": "7496063", "text": "of civilization in the Holocene period, around 10,000 BCE. The beginning of civilization roughly coincides with the receding of glacial ice following the end of the last glacial period. It is estimated that between 1–5 million people, subsisting on hunting and foraging, inhabited the Earth in the period before the Neolithic Revolution, when human activity shifted away from hunter-gathering and towards very primitive farming. Around 8000 BCE, at the dawn of agriculture, the population of the world was approximately 5 million. The next several millennia saw a steady increase in the population, with very rapid growth beginning in 1000 BCE,", "title": "Human overpopulation" }, { "id": "16939428", "text": "From this point on the climate in the United States cooled until the Pleistocene, when glaciers spread. Saber-toothed cats, woolly mammoths, mastodons, and dire wolves roamed the land. Humans arrived across a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska and may have played a role in hunting these animals into extinction. The oldest known eukaryotes lived around 1.4 billion years ago during the Precambrian near Beck Spring, California. These were photosynthetic organisms and produced oxygen as a byproduct of their physiology. The Beck Spring eukaryotes and other Precambrian photosynthesizers released the oxygen that now makes the planet's atmosphere breathable. Precambrian Blue-green", "title": "Prehistory of the United States" }, { "id": "247116", "text": "stages were characterized by: The [[Permian–Triassic extinction event]] about 252 million years ago, which was a prolonged event due to the accumulation of several extinction pulses, ended the dominance of carnivorous therapsids. In the early Triassic, most medium to large land carnivore niches were taken over by [[archosaur]]s which, over an extended period (35 million years), came to include the [[Crocodylomorpha\|crocodylomorphs]], the [[pterosaur]]s and the dinosaurs; however, large cynodonts like \"[[Trucidocynodon]]\" and [[Traversodontidae\|traversodontids]] still occupied large sized carnivorous and herbivorous niches respectively. By the Jurassic, the dinosaurs had come to dominate the large terrestrial herbivore niches as well. The first", "title": "Mammal" }, { "id": "12425407", "text": "dust, meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies and that life may exist throughout the universe. The panspermia hypothesis proposes that life originated outside the Earth, but does not definitively explain its origin. Nonetheless, Earth remains the only place in the universe known to harbour life, and fossil evidence from the Earth informs most studies of abiogenesis. The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years; the earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates from at least 3.5 billion years ago, and possibly as early as the Eoarchean Era (between 3.6 and 4.0 billion years ago), after", "title": "Abiogenesis" }, { "id": "313033", "text": "of life in Earth's history, known as the Cambrian explosion, in which most modern phyla first appeared. Arthropods, molluscs, fish, amphibians, synapsids and diapsids all evolved during the Paleozoic. Life began in the ocean but eventually transitioned onto land, and by the late Paleozoic, it was dominated by various forms of organisms. Great forests of primitive plants covered the continents, many of which formed the coal beds of Europe and eastern North America. Towards the end of the era, large, sophisticated diapsids and synapsids were dominant and the first modern plants (conifers) appeared. The Paleozoic Era ended with the largest", "title": "Paleozoic" } ]	when did the first mammal appear on earth
[ "Gregory Jack Biffle" ]	[ { "id": "17927088", "text": "Charlie Kimball and Conor Daly. Season still in progress<br> Ryan Reed Ryan Reed (born August 12, 1993) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 16 Ford Mustang for Roush Fenway Racing. Reed began racing at age 4, and in 2009 won the Legends Division championship at Irwindale Speedway. In 2010, he entered the Super Late Model Division, and became the track's youngest Super Late Model winner, and won Rookie of the Year. At age 17, Reed moved from Bakersfield, California to Mooresville, North Carolina to focus on", "title": "Ryan Reed" }, { "id": "17927080", "text": "Ryan Reed Ryan Reed (born August 12, 1993) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 16 Ford Mustang for Roush Fenway Racing. Reed began racing at age 4, and in 2009 won the Legends Division championship at Irwindale Speedway. In 2010, he entered the Super Late Model Division, and became the track's youngest Super Late Model winner, and won Rookie of the Year. At age 17, Reed moved from Bakersfield, California to Mooresville, North Carolina to focus on racing. In 2011, Reed ran in various series, including", "title": "Ryan Reed" }, { "id": "19138931", "text": "green–white–checker finish to win. The win made Gilliland the youngest race winner in track history. In postrace inspection, Gilliland's car was found to have the lubrication oil reservoir tank cover bolted improperly. As a result, his team received a P5 penalty (the second-worst in NASCAR) and was docked thirty points, although Gilliland was allowed to keep the victory. On January 29, 2016, Gilliland joined Kyle Busch Motorsports' Super Late Model team. On February 4, 2016, McAnally announced that Gilliland would compete full-time in the series, driving the No. 16 Toyota Camry. Gilliland also made a start in the K&N Pro", "title": "Todd Gilliland" }, { "id": "21005518", "text": "the Chase. In 2014, the team continued to struggle for speed, going winless and finishing 14th in points. In August 2014 it was announced that longtime sponsor 3M would leave the team for Hendrick Motorsports, and that Scotts-Miracle Gro's Ortho brand would take over the primary sponsorship. Scotts, which had previously been a sponsor of Carl Edwards at Roush, made its debut at Bristol in August 2014. For the 2015 season, the No. 16 would struggle for most of the season, slipping to 20th in points, the best out of all Roush teams for the year, followed by a 23rd-place", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series" }, { "id": "21005555", "text": "Motorsports in the Cup Series. The team was shuttered for the 2018 season, though it ran the Road America race with IndyCar Series driver Conor Daly. It had no sponsors and was a complete money loss for Roush like most of their cars. The No. 16 car made its Busch Series debut at Daytona in 2006. Greg Biffle drove the Ameriquest car in 20 races, winning once at California Speedway. For 2007, Biffle shared driving duties of the 3M Ford Fusion with Todd Kluever. For 2008, Citifinancial and 3M were the sponsors on the car, with Biffle, Jamie McMurray, and", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Xfinity Series" }, { "id": "4777683", "text": "Greg Biffle Gregory Jack Biffle (born December 23, 1969) is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He last drove in 2016, last driving in the No. 16 Ford Fusion for Roush Fenway Racing. After racing in the NASCAR Winter Heat Series in the mid-1990s, he was recommended to Jack Roush by former announcer Benny Parsons. He was the 1998 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Rookie of the Year. He won the 2000 Craftsman Truck championship. He reprised this progression in the NASCAR Busch Series, winning the 2001 Rookie of the Year, immediately followed by winning the 2002 championship. Biffle", "title": "Greg Biffle" }, { "id": "4777684", "text": "drove in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series for Roush from 2003 until 2016, winning 19 races in the No. 16 Ford. He currently is an analyst for NBC Sports' show \"NASCAR America\". Biffle, who began his NASCAR career in 1995, is the first of only three drivers that have won a championship in both the Busch Series and the Craftsman Truck Series, and the sixth of only twenty-nine drivers to win a race in each of NASCAR's three national series. Biffle was born and raised in Camas, Washington. He began his racing career driving on short tracks around the Pacific", "title": "Greg Biffle" }, { "id": "17927082", "text": "In 2013, Reed joined Roush Fenway Racing in the Nationwide Series, driving No. 16 Ford Mustang, and running various races during the 2013 season with Eli Lilly and Company and the American Diabetes Association's Drive to Stop Diabetes campaign as sponsor. Reed made his Nationwide debut in the ToyotaCare 250 at Richmond International Raceway, finishing 16th. Reed ran six races during the season, recording his first top-ten after finishing 9th in the Virginia 529 College Savings 250 at Richmond. On October 11, 2013, Roush Fenway Racing announced that Reed would run the No. 16 in the 2014 NASCAR Nationwide Series", "title": "Ryan Reed" }, { "id": "18941294", "text": "Pictures had already held the trademarks for No. 46, which had been used in the movie \"Days of Thunder\". Since the 1950 season, the No. 24 has been used by 65 drivers. With a win in the 1994 Coca-Cola 600, Gordon became the first driver to take the number to victory lane; he remains the only driver to do so as of the 2017 season. Gordon drove the No. 88 during his 2016 role as a reserve driver, splitting the car with Alex Bowman. Dale Earnhardt Jr. returned to the car for his final Cup season in 2017. Since 1950,", "title": "NASCAR Cup Series career of Jeff Gordon" }, { "id": "5173111", "text": "continues to run the \"Rowdy\" decal in races he is in the truck. Hamilton made his NASCAR debut in the Busch Series in 1988 at Charlotte Motor Speedway driving his own No. 16 Chevrolet, finishing 14th. He competed in the next race at Rockingham and finished 20th. He drove full-time in 1989 driving the No. 8 Lighting & Fans-sponsored Buick for FILMAR Racing. He finished 11th in points and won his only career Busch race at Richmond International Raceway. He made his Winston Cup debut in a \"Days of Thunder\" car owned by Hendrick Motorsports. He led five laps but", "title": "Bobby Hamilton" }, { "id": "21005558", "text": "Billy Johnson driving part-time with Ford EcoBoost, and Ryan Reed driving a limited schedule with Lilly Diabetes/ADA Drive To Stop Diabetes sponsorship. Ricky Stenhouse Jr. ran at Texas with Sprint Cup Series sponsor Zest. Buescher moved to the No. 60 car for 2014, and Ryan Reed drove the No. 16 full-time with Lilly and the ADA, running for Rookie of the Year. Reed scored only one top ten finish, a fourth at Daytona in July, finishing ninth in driver points while the No. 16 finished 14th in owner points. Reed returned to the No. 16 for 2015, and won the", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Xfinity Series" }, { "id": "4777706", "text": "to create awareness and serve as an advocate to improve the well-being of animals by engaging the power and passion of the motorsports industry. The foundation donates to local Humane Societies, no-kill animal shelters, spay and neuter clinics and the Animal Adoption League. Season still in progress. Greg Biffle Gregory Jack Biffle (born December 23, 1969) is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He last drove in 2016, last driving in the No. 16 Ford Fusion for Roush Fenway Racing. After racing in the NASCAR Winter Heat Series in the mid-1990s, he was recommended to Jack Roush by", "title": "Greg Biffle" }, { "id": "13840490", "text": "HRE in 2017, running the full Truck schedule in the No. 16. After finishing ninth in points with 13 top-ten finishes (including eight in the top five) and two poles, he was released by HRE on January 4, 2018. However, his jobless status would not last long, as he signed with Kaulig Racing to drive their flagship No. 11 car in the NASCAR Xfinity Series for 2018 with sponsorship from partner Bar Harbor Foods. He is the younger brother of 2017 Cup Series champion and two-time Busch Series champion Martin Truex Jr., and the son of former Busch Series driver", "title": "Ryan Truex" }, { "id": "18978466", "text": "MBM Motorsports Motorsports Business Management LLC, operating as MBM Motorsports (and sometimes known as Carl Long Motorsports), is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the ARCA Racing Series. The team fields the No. 13, 40, 66 and 72 cars for various drivers, including owner Carl Long. MBM was co-owned and operated by Long, and driver Derek White until early 2016, with full operation of the team being taken by Long and his family after White was arrested on drug charges. Before the 2014 Drive", "title": "MBM Motorsports" }, { "id": "3192368", "text": "Chevrolet for Hixson Motorsports and the number 96 Ford for Brian Kaltreider Racing. Bobby made his NASCAR debut in the Xfinity Series, driving the No. 40 Chevy Camaro for MBM Motorsports at Richmond in 2017. As of 2018, Jeffrey Earnhardt races part-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 96 Toyota Camry for Gaunt Brothers Racing. Bobby and Jeffrey are the fourth generation of Earnhardts in professional motorsports. Kerry Earnhardt Kerry Dale Earnhardt (born December 8, 1969) is a former NASCAR driver and the elder son of seven-time Winston Cup Series champion Dale Earnhardt. He is the", "title": "Kerry Earnhardt" }, { "id": "14631662", "text": "Daly lost his ride with Foyt for 2018, but was signed by Coyne for the 2018 Indianapolis 500. His No. 17 car, fielded in conjunction with Thom Burns Racing, was sponsored by the United States Air Force. In May 2012, Daly performed a straight line aero test for Force India at Cotswold Airport in Gloucestershire, England. On October 27, 2012, Daly won the first race of the MRF Challenge series at Buddh International Circuit in India. On May 11, 2018, Daly announced he would be making his NASCAR Xfinity Series debut at Road America in August, driving the No. 6", "title": "Conor Daly" }, { "id": "6065508", "text": "the No. 2 Dodge for Penske Racing. 2003 Rookie of the Year Jamie McMurray replaced Busch to drive Roush's No.26 (formerly 97) Ford. In addition, Mark Martin continued his \"Salute to You\" tour for their No.6 car. With the egressing of both McMurray and Sterling Marlin from Chip Ganassi Racing with Felix Sabates, Casey Mears became the senior driver and moved to No. 42 Dodge and Reed Sorenson took over his ride in the No. 41. David Stremme replaced Marlin in the No. 40 car. Sold to resort magnate Bob Ginn during the season and formerly numbered 10, Marlin drove", "title": "2006 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series" }, { "id": "5484462", "text": "car for the 1997 season where he posted 3 wins and walked away with Rookie of the Year honors. Park came to the Winston Cup Series (now known as Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series) as the driver for the No. 14 team of Dale Earnhardt Inc. (DEI) in 1997. He attempted eight races in this car, qualifying for four of them. He also ran a race in the No. 40 car at Martinsville Speedway for Felix Sabates. In the 1998 season, Park switched to the No. 1 Chevrolet for DEI and drove the first two races, but he failed to", "title": "Steve Park" }, { "id": "2507774", "text": "IndyCar and NASCAR. He last competed full-time in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series (now known as the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series) during the 2016 season, driving the No. 14 Chevrolet SS for his own team, Stewart-Haas Racing, under crew chief Mike Bugarewicz. From 1999 to 2008, he drove the No. 20 Joe Gibbs Racing car, under crew chief Greg Zipadelli with The Home Depot as the primary sponsor. While driving for car owner Joe Gibbs, Stewart won two Cup Series championships in 2002 and 2005. In 2011, Stewart became the first owner-driver since Alan Kulwicki to win the Cup", "title": "Tony Stewart" }, { "id": "21005514", "text": "Over the 2004 season, Biffle scored wins at Michigan and Homestead, and finished 17th in points. In 2005, 3M's Post-it Brand and Charter Communications joined as part-time sponsors. 2005 was to be the most successful year for car No. 16 to date, as the National Guard-sponsored Ford won a season high six races and finished runner-up in the Chase for the Nextel Cup. Biffle would sign an extension to drive the No. 16 until at least 2008. He scored one win in 2007 at Kansas and finished 14th in points. After 2007, National Guard did not renew its contract, moving", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series" }, { "id": "10815149", "text": "December 13, 2014. The couple announced the birth of their first child, a son named Hudson Joseph Logano, in January 2018. Season still in progress<br> Joey Logano Joseph Thomas Logano (born May 24, 1990), nicknamed \"Sliced Bread,\" is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 22 Ford Fusion for Team Penske, and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 22 Ford Mustang for the same team. He is the reigning Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Champion. He previously drove the No. 20 Toyota Camry", "title": "Joey Logano" }, { "id": "19934093", "text": "Halmar Friesen Racing Halmar Friesen Racing (formerly Halmar Racing) is an American professional stock car racing and dirt track racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, fielding the No. 52 Chevrolet Silverado full-time for Stewart Friesen. The team also fields modified racing cars for several drivers around the Northeastern United States. The team ran part-time in 2016, using the No. 16 and entering the short track races with Friesen as driver. For the team's debut race at Eldora, the truck had a body from Kyle Busch Motorsports and an engine from Richard Childress Racing. In", "title": "Halmar Friesen Racing" }, { "id": "5113402", "text": "point of his season. McMuray finished the 2018 season 20th in points. On September 10, 2018, it was announced that McMurray will not return to Chip Ganassi Racing in 2019. On December 4, 2018, it was announced that former Stewart-Haas Racing driver and 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series Champion Kurt Busch, along with sponsor Monster Energy, will move to the No. 1 team in the 2019 season. The No. 40 car debuted in 1993 as the second car in the SABCO stable. It had sponsorship from Dirt Devil and was piloted by rookie driver Kenny Wallace. After Wallace finished 3rd", "title": "Chip Ganassi Racing" }, { "id": "16502891", "text": "for Kyle Busch Motorsports. He also raced in the Xfinity Series, driving the No. 6 Ford Mustang of Roush Fenway Racing, from 2015 to mid 2017. Wallace is noted for being one of the most successful African American drivers in the history of NASCAR. The son of Darrell Wallace Sr. and Desiree Wallace, Wallace was born in Mobile, Alabama, and grew up in Concord, North Carolina. His father, Darrell Sr., is the owner of an industrial cleaning company. His mother, Desiree, is a social worker who ran track at the University of Tennessee. Wallace is best friends with fellow driver", "title": "Darrell Wallace Jr." }, { "id": "9866003", "text": "in certain races in which they did not have a sponsor, but returned to the No. 16 car in races when Con-way is the sponsor. Braun had a tough rookie year in the Nationwide Series, making 24 starts with 5 top 10s but also had 7 DNFs. Braun was released by Roush on December 1 after Roush's Nationwide program turned its focus to getting sponsorship for Carl Edwards, Trevor Bayne, and Ricky Stenhouse, Jr. Braun joined Robertson Racing in the American Le Mans Series for part of the 2011 season. Braun returned to NASCAR with Billy Ballew Motorsports, driving their", "title": "Colin Braun" }, { "id": "18941293", "text": "Bowman, who drove at Loudon when Gordon was on vacation, drove at Michigan); he made further starts at the Richmond, Dover and Martinsville races. He recorded his best finish of the season at Martinsville with a sixth-place run. Gordon has claimed that his favorite number is 16, and that he originally wanted to use it in NASCAR; however, the No. 16 belonged to Roush Racing driver Wally Dallenbach Jr. when Gordon entered the Cup Series. Additionally, Gordon's stepfather John Bickford had stated that Gordon's number was supposed to be 46, but when he had attempted to license the number, Paramount", "title": "NASCAR Cup Series career of Jeff Gordon" }, { "id": "3439772", "text": "qualifying lap as he was one of 11 cars stuck in inspection during the session. This relegated Long to a 40th-place starting spot, from which he finished 31st. Long was a former manager at a Raleigh/Durham Domino's Pizza, where he was named manager of the year in 1988. Additionally, he holds the record for fastest pizza delivery at that location. Season still in progress<br> Carl Long James Carlyle \"Carl\" Long (born September 20, 1967) is an American professional stock car racing driver, mechanic, and team owner. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the Nos. 13, 40,", "title": "Carl Long" }, { "id": "3964466", "text": "Jimmie Johnson Jimmie Kenneth Johnson (born September 17, 1975) is an American professional stock car racing driver and a seven-time champion in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 48 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Hendrick Motorsports. Johnson was born in El Cajon, California, and began racing motorcycles at the age of four. After graduating from Granite Hills High School he competed in off-road series. He raced in Mickey Thompson Entertainment Group (MTEG), Short-course Off-road Drivers Association (SODA) and SCORE International, winning rookie of the year in each", "title": "Jimmie Johnson" }, { "id": "17106023", "text": "the 13th position in points. Buescher would be easily eliminated after the first round though due to underfunded equipment and poor finishes. He finished 28th at Chicagoland, 30th at New Hampshire, and 23rd at Dover. In the second round, Buescher finished 16th at Charlotte, 21st at Kansas, and 22nd at Talladega. On November 29, 2016, Roush Fenway announced the sale of their charter for the No. 16 car to JTG Daugherty Racing, with Buescher taking over the new ride. The car was officially announced as No. 37 on December 12. Buescher began 2017 with a crash in the Daytona 500,", "title": "Chris Buescher" }, { "id": "19416531", "text": "Hattori Racing Enterprises Hattori Racing Enterprises is a Japanese-American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series. The team is owned by former NASCAR and open-wheel driver Shigeaki Hattori. The team currently fields the No. 16 Toyota Tundra full-time. Hattori made his NASCAR Xfinity Series debut with Johnny Sauter at the 2014 DRIVE4COPD 300 at Daytona. Sauter qualified ninth and finished twenty-eighth, one lap down. After that race, Hattori was quoted as saying \"we have decided that we need to focus more on our Nationwide Series program,”. Sauter would pilot Hattori's Toyota for", "title": "Hattori Racing Enterprises" }, { "id": "9028215", "text": "Technologies Corp. for about $37.4 million in cash, after AiT had strongly hinted it had put itself on the auction block. On December 20, 2005, 3M announced a major partnership with Roush Fenway Racing, one of NASCAR's premier organizations. In 2008, the company sponsored Greg Biffle in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series as he drove the No. 16 Ford Fusion. In addition, on February 19, 2006, 3M announced that it would become the title sponsor of the 3M Performance 400 at Michigan International Speedway until 2011. On April 4, 2006, 3M announced its intention to sell its pharmaceutical non-core business.", "title": "3M" }, { "id": "2524155", "text": "Trickle. Wallace finished second in his first NASCAR race in the 1980 Atlanta 500, in which he started 7th, driving for Roger Penske in the No. 16. He made 9 further NASCAR appearances over the next 3 years, although he did not score any further Top 10 finishes until he went full-time in 1984. He joined the Winston Cup circuit full-time that year, winning NASCAR Rookie of the Year honors and finishing 14th in the final points standings. He drove the No. 88 Gatorade-sponsored Pontiac for Cliff Stewart with the best finish of 4th in 30 races, along with two", "title": "Rusty Wallace" }, { "id": "6065511", "text": "Hall of Fame Racing started operations in 2006. Two-time Cup series champion Terry Labonte drove their No. 96 car for the first five races utilizing the past champions provisional rule and Tony Raines took over at Martinsville. Labonte wound down his career \"Texas Style\" in the No. 44 Hendrick Motorsports second car following the Dickies 500 race in November in his home state at Texas Motor Speedway, where he finished 34th. Brent Sherman took over for Ken Schrader in the No. 49 Dodge for BAM Racing, only to be replaced by Kevin Lepage, who started the season in the No.", "title": "2006 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series" }, { "id": "20172329", "text": "Bobby Dale Earnhardt Bobby Dale Earnhardt (born September 1, 1987) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 66 Toyota Camry for MBM Motorsports. Earnhardt raced in the ARCA Truck Series from 2013 to 2016, where he won Rookie of the Year in 2013. On May 21, 2017, he made his major stock car debut in the ARCA Racing Series, driving the No. 3 Chevrolet for Hixson Motorsports. He started 24th, and finished 21st after a crash on lap 165. On September 8, 2017, Earnhardt made his NASCAR", "title": "Bobby Dale Earnhardt" }, { "id": "19170748", "text": "a number of drivers attempted to run for a different team than they did in 2015. Chase Elliott, 2014 NASCAR Xfinity Series champion and son of 1988 Cup Series champion Bill Elliott, took over the No. 24 Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet from the retired Jeff Gordon. Clint Bowyer took over the No. 15 (renumbered from No. 51) from Justin Allgaier. Brian Scott took over the No. 44 (renumbered from No. 9) from Sam Hornish Jr. Chris Buescher, reigning Xfinity Series champion, took over the No. 34 from Brett Moffitt and various of drivers. Landon Cassill took over the No. 38 from", "title": "2016 Daytona 500" }, { "id": "4915309", "text": "In 2014, NAPA began sponsoring JR Motorsports' Chase Elliott in the Xfinity Series. In May 2015, NAPA announced it would become the majority sponsor of Elliott and the No. 24 Chevrolet team in the Cup Series with Hendrick in 2016. NAPA also sponsors the Schumacher Racing Dodge Charger Funny Car driven by Ron Capps in the NHRA Mello Yello Drag Racing Series; Brandon McReynolds, driver of the No. 16 Toyota, owned by Bill McAnally Racing in the K&N Pro Series West; and Nick Drake, driver of the BMR's No. 15 Toyota in the Pro Series East. In May 2016, Balkamp,", "title": "National Automotive Parts Association" }, { "id": "15213611", "text": "NAPA 200 (Tucson) The NAPA 200 is a former NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series stock car race held from 1995 to 1997 at Tucson Raceway Park in Tucson, Arizona. Ron Hornaday, Jr. won the race twice, winning in 1995 and 1997, while Mike Skinner was victorious in 1996. The inaugural 200-lap race, named Racing Champions 200, was held on April 8, 1995. The race was won by the No. 16 Chevrolet driven by Ron Hornaday, Jr., who led the race three times to lead a total of 103 laps. In 1996, NAPA claimed naming rights for the race, which was moved", "title": "NAPA 200 (Tucson)" }, { "id": "20461508", "text": "Chad Finchum Chad Finchum (born September 22, 1994) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the Nos. 40 and 66 cars for MBM Motorsports and part-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 66 Camry for MBM Motorsports. Finchum has also driven several races in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East, capturing a victory at Bristol Motor Speedway in that series. Finchum began racing at age seven, starting his career racing go-karts at Dumplin Valley Raceway in Tennessee. By age 13 he had logged 200 go-kart", "title": "Chad Finchum" }, { "id": "5951767", "text": "is entirely made up of fantasy drivers except for Ray Evernham's's 19 car and Matt Martin's 66 car. The No. 91 car driven by Bill Elliott was removed from the game for unknown reasons, but his name is still shown with the other Evernham Motorsports drivers in a tutorial video. The Dodge Challenges, formerly the Lightning Challenge of the previous three games, return with a new set of challenges. This mode allows users to relive NASCAR moments of 2004 and first part of 2005. Kenny Wallace, driver of the No. 22 Stacker 2 Ford in the Busch Series, is the", "title": "NASCAR 06: Total Team Control" }, { "id": "5659406", "text": "conform with Penske's other teams, Penske's NASCAR team made its debut in 1972 at Riverside International Raceway. Mark Donohue was driving a factory-sponsored red-white-blue American Motors Matador. It was dubbed the \"flying brick\" by many noting its squarish aerodynamics. The car finished 39th after rear end problems. The team ran part-time for a few years, fielding cars for several drivers including Donohue (won the 1973 Western 500 in the #16 Matador), Dave Marcis, Donnie Allison, and Bobby Allison. The team went full-time with Bobby Allison in 1976 with a new, more aerodynamic fastback coupe, finishing 4th in the points. In", "title": "Team Penske" }, { "id": "6065509", "text": "the No. 14 car for MB2 Motorsports and Scott Riggs took the No. 10 car to Evernham Motorsports just as they switched from Chevy to Dodge. Jeremy Mayfield and Elliott Sadler were released from Evernham Motorsports and Robert Yates Racing. Sadler drove Evernham's No. 19 and David Gilliland replaced him in RYR's No. 38 car; that change took effect for the GFS Marketplace 400. Jeff Green replaced Mike Bliss in the No. 66 (formerly No. 0) car, which left Petty Enterprises' No. 43 Dodge open for former Joe Gibbs Racing driver Bobby Labonte to step in. His new teammate/team owner", "title": "2006 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series" }, { "id": "5663124", "text": "Camel GT in the 1980s and early 90s. In 1988, Roush moved south and founded a NASCAR Winston Cup Series team with driver Mark Martin. Roush Fenway Racing currently fields two cars in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series (driven by Ricky Stenhouse Jr., and Ryan Newman), and two cars in the NASCAR Xfinity Series (the #16 driven by Ryan Reed and the #60 shared between Austin Cindric and Ty Majeski). The Xfinity team was shut down after the 2018 NASCAR season. Roush has won eight championships as a car owner in NASCAR's top three series: two Cup titles (2003", "title": "Jack Roush" }, { "id": "4541833", "text": "playable driver in \"Forza Motorsport 6\", via the NASCAR expansion pack. The expansion features twenty-four paint schemes from the 2016 Sprint Cup Series season, including Busch's No. 18 Camry with primary sponsorship from M&M's and Interstate Batteries. Busch, along with Chase Elliott and Jimmie Johnson, provide commentary in the expansion as the \"voices of motorsport.\" Busch had a cameo as a West Virginia state trooper in the 2017 film \"Logan Lucky\". Season still in progress<br> Kyle Busch Kyle Thomas Busch (born May 2, 1985), nicknamed Rowdy, is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He currently competes", "title": "Kyle Busch" }, { "id": "9866000", "text": "Braun made his stock car debut in the ARCA RE/MAX Series race at Gateway International Raceway, where he finished 13th. Braun later made his NASCAR debut in the Camping World Truck Series (was Craftsman Truck Series), driving the No. 50 RSC Equipment Rental Ford for Roush Fenway. He was running in the top 20 before a flat tire sent him into the wall and a 34th-place finish. He would also drive the No. 16 3M Ford at the Sam's Town 250 where he had a 30th-place finish. In November 2007, he was announced as the full-time driver of the No.", "title": "Colin Braun" }, { "id": "21005534", "text": "2005 season. Kenny Wallace took his place for the final two races of the season. On November 16, 2005, it was officially announced that the No. 97 car would be renumbered as the No. 26 (last used by Roush in 1999) for the 2006 season. After originally being signed to replace Mark Martin in the 6 car, Jamie McMurray became the 26 car's new driver, with sponsorships from Crown Royal, Smirnoff Ice, and Irwin Industrial Tools. He had seven top ten finishes and finished 25th in points in his first year with the team. For 2007, the season hit its", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series" }, { "id": "3964550", "text": "featured in the 2011 racing video game \"Jimmie Johnson's Anything with an Engine\". Johnson is featured as a playable driver in \"Forza Motorsport 6\", via the NASCAR expansion pack. The expansion features twenty-four paint schemes from the 2016 Sprint Cup Series season, including Johnson's No. 48 Lowe's SS. Johnson, along with Chase Elliott and Kyle Busch, provide commentary in the expansion as the \"voices of motorsport.\" Johnson and Elliott also had roles in developing the expansion. Ineligible for series championship points. () Bold – Pole Position. (Overall Finish/Class Finish). Jimmie Johnson Jimmie Kenneth Johnson (born September 17, 1975) is an", "title": "Jimmie Johnson" }, { "id": "19934095", "text": "with Baldwin and the start of a new technical alliance with GMS Racing. On August 16th, 2018, Friesen made the truck series playoffs for the first time in the organizations history. Halmar Friesen Racing Halmar Friesen Racing (formerly Halmar Racing) is an American professional stock car racing and dirt track racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, fielding the No. 52 Chevrolet Silverado full-time for Stewart Friesen. The team also fields modified racing cars for several drivers around the Northeastern United States. The team ran part-time in 2016, using the No. 16 and entering the", "title": "Halmar Friesen Racing" }, { "id": "17810310", "text": "Chris Heroy Chris Heroy (Shine) is an American stock car racing crew chief. He currently acts as crew chief for the Richard Petty Motorsports No. 44 Ford in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series with driver Brian Scott. A native of Angola, Indiana, Heroy is a graduate of Angola High School and Colorado College. He became the No. 44 team's crew chief at the start of the 2016 season. Before that he worked on the No. 42 team's crew chief at the start of the 2012 season with then-driver Juan Pablo Montoya, having previously spent eight years at for Hendrick Motorsports", "title": "Chris Heroy" }, { "id": "21005512", "text": "2000 season. The No. 16 ran the beginning of the season unsponsored, before ultimately signing a multi-year contract with FamilyClick. Over the course of the year, Lepage missed two races and dropped to 28th in the standings. Dissastisfied with the team's performance, FamilyClick did not return as a sponsor and the team was disbanded, with Roush contracting to four full-time teams. During the 2002 season, the No. 16 was used to prepare 2000 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series champion and eventual Busch Series champion Greg Biffle for his Rookie of the Year campaign the following year. Biffle failed to qualify in", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series" }, { "id": "20461513", "text": "finished 33rd when he retired from the race on lap 335. Season still in progress<br> Chad Finchum Chad Finchum (born September 22, 1994) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the Nos. 40 and 66 cars for MBM Motorsports and part-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 66 Camry for MBM Motorsports. Finchum has also driven several races in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East, capturing a victory at Bristol Motor Speedway in that series. Finchum began racing at age seven, starting his career racing", "title": "Chad Finchum" }, { "id": "6859717", "text": "1981 race. He took his trademark No. 16 into team ownership in 1985, initially using March and Lola chassis, then purchasing year-old Penske chassis and then entering and qualifying two new Penskes for the 1993 race. One, number 76, was driven by himself, the other by former Formula One driver Stefan Johansson. A number of successful drivers passed through Bettenhausen's Alumax car, including Johansson for the first few years as well as three-time Indianapolis 500 winner Hélio Castroneves and former IndyCar rookie of the year Patrick Carpentier. Bettenhausen also competed in 33 NASCAR Winston Cup Series events in his career,", "title": "Tony Bettenhausen Jr." }, { "id": "8725610", "text": "No. 15 Ricky Rudd (Bud Moore), No. 18 Tommy Ellis (Eric Freelander), No. 22 Bobby Allison (Stavola Brothers), No. 27 Rusty Wallace (Raymond Beadle), No. 33 Harry Gant (Hal Needham), No. 43 Richard Petty ( Petty Enterprises), No. 52 Jimmy Means, No. 70 J.D. McDuffie (Tom Winkle), No. 71 Dave Marcis, No. 88 Buddy Baker (Baker/Danny Schiff), No. 90 Ken Schrader (Junie Donlavey) and the part-time/independent efforts of No. 14 A. J. Foyt, No. 67 Buddy Arrington, No. 77 Ken Ragan (Marvin Ragan), No. 81 Chet Fillip (Corey Fillip) and No. 89 Jim Sauter (Mueller Brothers). Top drivers out of", "title": "1987 NASCAR Winston Cup Series" }, { "id": "3943609", "text": "II. His line in the film was \"Better not let the boss hear you say that.\" Harry Gant Harold Phil Gant (born January 10, 1940), better known as \"Handsome Harry\", is a retired American racecar driver best known for driving the No. 33 Skoal Bandit car on the NASCAR Winston Cup (now Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series) circuit during the 1980s and 1990s and his 4-race win streak in 1991. Gant gained a lot of nicknames throughout his racing career. He was known as \"Handsome Harry Gant\" due to his Hollywood-style good looks, the \"Bandit\" after his longtime sponsor Skoal", "title": "Harry Gant" }, { "id": "4541750", "text": "56, was to be driven by Tayler Malsam. However, after both Ickler and Malsam accepted jobs to drive in the Nationwide Series, and while suffering financial troubles due to lack of sponsorship, Busch withdrew the No. 56 from competition; Johnny Benson, Jr. and Kasey Kahne drove the No. 18 when Busch wasn't driving it himself. On August 21, 2010, Busch became the first driver in NASCAR history to win all three NASCAR national touring series events run in a single weekend. This was achieved at Bristol Motor Speedway, where Busch won in the Camping World Truck Series, Nationwide Series, and", "title": "Kyle Busch" }, { "id": "20537801", "text": "team, JR Motorsports. Dale Earnhardt Inc was a part of the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series from 1995 until 1999. The full-time truck series team was driven by Ron Hornaday in the no. 16, sponsored by Papa Johns in 1995 and Napa Auto Parts from 1996 to 1999. Hornaday collected 25 wins in the no. 16 for DEI and the 1996 and 1998 Craftsmen Truck Series Championships. A second DEI truck, no. 76, only made 4 total starts. Dennis Dyer and David Green each ran a race in 1995, and Steve Park made a one start each in 1996 and 1997.", "title": "Dale Earnhardt, Inc." }, { "id": "15084960", "text": "Lacrosse, and renamed the team the New York Lizards. The team plays at Hofstra University on Long Island, and won the MLL championship for the third time in 2015. In 2017, Murstein and his partner, NASCAR legend Richard Petty, announced the hiring of their new driver for the famous 43 car, Darrell \"Bubba\" Wallace, Jr., who became the first African-American driver to drive regularly in NASCAR's premier Cup Series in over 40 years. Andrew M. Murstein Andrew Mead Murstein (born June 29, 1964) is founder, president, board member and largest shareholder of Medallion Financial Corp., an investment company publicly traded", "title": "Andrew M. Murstein" }, { "id": "20172331", "text": "nephew of Dale Earnhardt Jr. Bobby and Jeffrey also have a half-sister named Kayla Earnhardt, and a stepsister named Blade. Bobby and his wife Kimberly have two children. Season still in progress<br> Bobby Dale Earnhardt Bobby Dale Earnhardt (born September 1, 1987) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 66 Toyota Camry for MBM Motorsports. Earnhardt raced in the ARCA Truck Series from 2013 to 2016, where he won Rookie of the Year in 2013. On May 21, 2017, he made his major stock car debut in", "title": "Bobby Dale Earnhardt" }, { "id": "18207458", "text": "surgery, and Kenny Wallace injured from the Talladega crash and another crash during the season. Tomy Drissi returned to the team at Watkins Glen and Mid-Ohio, promoting the \"Straight Outta Compton\" film. Hermie Sadler drove 2 races in the car at Bristol and Richmond with sponsorship from the Virginia Lottery. T. J. Bell later took over the ride remainder of the season by start and parking majority of the races. The No. 26 team later became the No. 24 team in 2016. On June 24, 2017, the team announced via Twitter that Scott Lagasse Jr. will drive the No. 26", "title": "JGL Racing" }, { "id": "16065106", "text": "Chase Elliott William Clyde \"Chase\" Elliott II (born November 28, 1995) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 9 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Hendrick Motorsports. He is the son of 1988 Winston Cup Series champion Bill Elliott. He won the 2014 NASCAR Nationwide Series championship, becoming the first rookie to win a national series championship in NASCAR. He was the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Rookie of the Year. At 13 years old, Elliott was featured alongside thirteen other athletes, including future world number one", "title": "Chase Elliott" }, { "id": "20601737", "text": "Models with NASCAR driver Paul Menard in the early 2000s. That connection led to Menard becoming a fan of Derek's racing career. Season still in progress<br> Derek Kraus Derek Kraus (born September 1, 2001) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series West, driving the No. 16 Toyota Camry for Bill McAnally Racing, part-time in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East, driving the No. 16 Camry for BMR and the No. 1 Camry DGR-Crosley, and part-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota Tundra for", "title": "Derek Kraus" }, { "id": "21005531", "text": "Deere leaving, the No. 97 car (like the No. 16 car in 2000) started the 2001 season unsponsored, but soon found sponsorships from Newell Rubbermaid brands Rubbermaid and Sharpie. Busch's rookie year in the Winston Cup Series was unspectacular save for a pole at Darlington. The team finished 27th in points, with only six top ten finishes. In 2002, Busch grabbed headlines after battling with Jimmy Spencer for a win at Bristol. This sparked a rivalry between the two drivers that lasted for the following years. However, the 2002 season marked a coming-of-age for the team, which won four times", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series" }, { "id": "21005557", "text": "Bayne drove a single race. Braun had five top-10 finishes in 24 starts, and was released after the end of the season. For 2011, Braun was replaced by Trevor Bayne. After 8 races, Bayne was hospitalized for various illnesses, and Roush drivers Chris Buescher and Kevin Swindell filled in for him. Bayne returned later in the season, and scored his first win at Texas in the fall. Bayne's crew moved over to RFR's No. 60 to run a limited schedule, and the 16 team shut down for 2012. For 2013, the No. 16 car was resurrected with Chris Buescher and", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Xfinity Series" }, { "id": "16760458", "text": "and Cole Custer were battling for the lead when Nemechek bumped Custer which led to Nemechek losing control and intentionally sending both Custer and himself off-road, pinning Custer to the wall. Before the winner was declared, Nemechek was tackled by Custer; Nemechek would be named the winner. In 2017, Nemechek won back to back races at Gateway and Iowa. Nemechek missed the Championship Four after finishing 2nd at Phoenix. For the 2018 season, Nemechek joined Chip Ganassi Racing to drive the No. 42 NASCAR Xfinity Series car on a part-time basis. He also would continue to run select Camping World", "title": "John Hunter Nemechek" }, { "id": "13515331", "text": "again hosted by Phil Keoghan. Brothers Daniel \"Dan\" and Jordan Pious were the winners of this \"Race\". The season was released by CBS DVD on November 4, 2014, in a DVD set including all episodes and its accompanying Elimination Station webseries. It was made available only through online purchase, manufactured by Amazon's CreateSpace. The sixteenth season spanned across five continents and nine countries, including Chile, Argentina, Germany, Singapore, China and for the first time, Seychelles. Racers were observed leaving Los Angeles International Airport on November 28, 2009. For the third time, teams had to use public transportation to make their", "title": "The Amazing Race 16" }, { "id": "20553414", "text": "Enrique Baca Enrique Baca (January 30, 1996) is an American professional stock car racing driver. Baca made his Xfinity Series debut at Watkins Glen, driving the No. 40 car for MBM Motorsports. He started 35th and finished 31st in his Xfinity Series debut. He competed in the next race at Watkins Glen. This time, he drive the No. 13 car, also for MBM Motorsports. He started 29th, and finished 18th, improving greatly on his previous result. On January 22, 2018, it was announced that Baca would be racing for NextGen Motorsports part-time along with Marcos Gomes and Landon Huffman. Season", "title": "Enrique Baca" }, { "id": "21005515", "text": "to Hendrick Motorsports and the No. 25. Ameriquest Mortgage-sponsored car, which had sponsored the majority of the 2006 Busch Series season for Roush, had signed a three-year contract to move up to Biffle's No. 16 Cup ride, with 3M sponsoring six races. By March, however, the company had asked to be released from the final two years of its contract, along with relinquishing naming rights to Rangers Ballpark in Arlington. Ameriquest was one of the biggest subprime loan providers, and the sponsorship pullout likely coincided with the Housing Bubble of 2007. Several companies including Aflac, Nintendo, Dish Network, and Jackson", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series" }, { "id": "6002150", "text": "Shane Hall Shane Hall (born August 25, 1969 in Simpsonville, South Carolina), is a former Driver in the NASCAR Xfinity Series. He last drove the #49 Chevrolet for Jay Robinson Racing. Hall is featured as an unlockable driver in the 2002 video game \"NASCAR Thunder 2003\", and the 2001 game \"NASCAR Thunder 2002\". Hall has one career Cup Series Start. Driving the No. 40 Kendall Oil Pontiac for Dick Brooks at the fall Rockingham race in 1995, he started last. With a crash about two-thirds through the race, Hall backed the No. 40 into the wall, and finished 36th. Hall", "title": "Shane Hall" }, { "id": "15524868", "text": "George Robertson (racing driver) George H. Robertson (1884 – July 3, 1955) was an American race car driver. His father ran one of New York's first big garages and George grew up surrounded by Mors, Panhards and other cars. He raced a Christie, a Hotchkiss, and a Simplex, as well as a Locomobile with which he won the 1908 Vanderbilt Cup. This victory was the first in the Cup by an American driver in an American car. This car was the legendary \"Old No. 16\". In 1910, he was the captain of the Benz team but was injured while showing", "title": "George Robertson (racing driver)" }, { "id": "15524870", "text": "George Robertson (racing driver) George H. Robertson (1884 – July 3, 1955) was an American race car driver. His father ran one of New York's first big garages and George grew up surrounded by Mors, Panhards and other cars. He raced a Christie, a Hotchkiss, and a Simplex, as well as a Locomobile with which he won the 1908 Vanderbilt Cup. This victory was the first in the Cup by an American driver in an American car. This car was the legendary \"Old No. 16\". In 1910, he was the captain of the Benz team but was injured while showing", "title": "George Robertson (racing driver)" }, { "id": "20853812", "text": "Tim Cowen Tim Cowen (born August 18, 1958) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 66 Ford Mustang for MBM Motorsports. Cowen was born in Loudonville, Ohio and grew up in Perrysville. Sports were prominent in his life and he was initially interested in football before switching to racing. Cowen began racing in the Xfinity Series in 2014 at Mid-Ohio, where he drove the No. 86 Ford. He started 30th and finished 18th. In 2015, Cowen drove the No. 13 Ford in the Mid-Ohio and Road America", "title": "Tim Cowen" }, { "id": "5041839", "text": "diagnosed with Parkinsonism. In late 2011, Marlin helped form Tennessee Racing Association, LLC, along with several other drivers (including Chad Chaffin and Mike Alexander) and businessmen, in an effort to preserve Fairgrounds Speedway and allow the track to remain active in the racing community. Although he is retired from NASCAR competition, Marlin still remains an active driver in the Pro Late Model Division at Fairgrounds Speedway. He currently leads the point standings in that division to go along with his two victories in 2013, driving the No. 40 car. Sterling Marlin Sterling Burton Marlin (born June 30, 1957) is an", "title": "Sterling Marlin" }, { "id": "5841806", "text": "down. Stewart-Haas Racing made their K&N Pro Series debut at the 2018 Carneros 200 at Sonoma Raceway. Aric Almirola drove the No. 41 Ford in preparation for the Cup race at the track the following day. Stewart-Haas Racing Stewart-Haas Racing is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR K&N Pro Series West. The team is co-owned by three-time Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series champion Tony Stewart and Haas Automation founder Gene Haas. It was founded in 2002 as Haas CNC Racing after Haas,", "title": "Stewart-Haas Racing" }, { "id": "5201311", "text": "he became responsible for hiring the first Latino driver in NASCAR's Sprint Cup Series in 2006, former Indy 500 champion Juan Pablo Montoya. Prior to the 2009 NASCAR Sprint Cup season, due to financial woes, the team merged with Dale Earnhardt, Inc. to form Earnhardt Ganassi Racing. The team would revert to the Ganassi Racing name in 2014. Currently, the team's drivers include Jamie McMurray in the No. 1 car & Kyle Larson in the No. 42. In his nearly 30 seasons in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series, Sabates’ teams have 17 wins, 130 top-five and 352 top-10 finishes as", "title": "Felix Sabates" }, { "id": "17927086", "text": "6 Cup car during practice as Bayne's wife, Ashton, was expecting their second child. On October 15, It was announced that long time sponsor Lilly Diabetes will be pulling out of the sport leaving the 16 car unsponsored for 2019. Despite the controversies with Conor Daly's father insensitive racial remarks back in the 1980s. It is unknown if Reed will have an Xfinity ride for the 2019 season. Reed's father, Mark Reed, is a former NASCAR driver who has two K&N West wins and two Cup starts. Reed is the youngest of four children. In February 2011, Reed was diagnosed", "title": "Ryan Reed" }, { "id": "20726637", "text": "motorsport, NASCAR changed the minimum age to 16 in the Truck Series for any circuit 1.25 miles or shorter, along with Canadian Tire Motorsports Park, similar to rules in regional series. Two drivers, Chase Elliott and Erik Jones, won at 17 years of age in 2013. Cole Custer, 16, won in 2014. In 2005, GlaxoSmithKline, manufacturer of Goody's Headache Powder, a NASCAR sponsor since 1977, expanded their long-term sponsorship by adding their Nicorette brand of smoking cessation product as a NASCAR official sponsor, and signed with Chip Ganassi Racing and also longtime Goody's Headache Powder (another GSK brand) spokesman and", "title": "Regulation of nicotine marketing" }, { "id": "6076477", "text": "Cup Series. For two years, Carter drove for other teams while under his father's guidance. In 2007, Travis Carter announced his return to NASCAR with the help of Newman/Haas Racing co-owner Carl Haas, Indianapolis Motor Speedway chairman Mari Hulman George, and Mi-Jack Company founder Michael A. Lanigan. Their driver was Kyle Krisiloff and they carried the No. 14 with ppc Racing's No. 22's owner points from 2006. Sponsorship was originally limited to Clabber Girl, owned by Hulman & Company. Later in the season Walgreens and Eli Lilly and Company signed on to sponsor the car. At one point in the", "title": "Travis Carter Enterprises" }, { "id": "16049603", "text": "America's Next Top Model (season 16) The sixteenth cycle of America's Next Top Model premiered on February 23, 2011, and was the tenth season to be aired on The CW. The catch-phrase for this cycle is \"Rainy Day Women.\" The prizes for this cycle were: All three permanent judges from the previous cycle – \"Vogue\" editor-at-large André Leon Talley, photographer Nigel Barker and Tyra Banks herself – remain. The international destination for this cycle is Marrakech, Morocco. The winner was 19-year-old Brittani Kline from Beech Creek, Pennsylvania. \"(ages stated are at start of contest)\" \"First aired February 23, 2011\" \"First", "title": "America's Next Top Model (season 16)" }, { "id": "16595413", "text": "Kyle Larson Kyle Miyata Larson (born July 31, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver and World of Outlaws Sprint car team owner. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 42 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Chip Ganassi Racing. He was the 2012 NASCAR K&N Pro Series East champion and named the rookie of the year as well. He was the 2013 NASCAR Nationwide Series rookie of the year as well as the 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series rookie of the year and a overall winner of the 2015 24 Hours of", "title": "Kyle Larson" }, { "id": "13586325", "text": "midget racing. In 2012, he formed Stenhouse Jr. Racing and fielded the No. 41 car for Jason Johnson in the American Sprint Car Series (ASCS). In 2017, he partnered with Matt Wood to form Stenhouse Jr.-Wood Racing and fielded the No. 17w car for driver Joey Saldana in the World of Outlaws sprint car series. After his first NASCAR Cup Series win at Talladega in May 2017, Stenhouse became one of only eight drivers to have won in the NASCAR Cup Series as well as in the USAC Silver Crown, National Sprint Car, and National Midget series, joining Mario Andretti,", "title": "Ricky Stenhouse Jr." }, { "id": "2524153", "text": "Rusty Wallace Russell William \"Rusty\" Wallace, Jr. (born August 14, 1956) is a retired American racing driver, and a former NASCAR Winston Cup Champion. Considered one of racing's most well-known and charismatic personalities, he is a member of four of stock car racing's major halls of fame: the NASCAR Hall of Fame (2013), the International Motorsports Hall of Fame (2013), the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America (2014) and the National Motorsports Press Association Hall of Fame (2010). He was the 1984 NASCAR Winston Cup Rookie of the Year and the 1989 Winston Cup champion. Prior to joining the NASCAR", "title": "Rusty Wallace" }, { "id": "9295473", "text": "with the permission of the driver or team owner. The number 3 for example, used by Dale Earnhardt and his car owner Richard Childress, has been unofficially retired for all teams and drivers except for an Earnhardt or Childress family member, with Childress paying a licensing fee while the number was out of circulation from 2001 to 2013. In other instances, a number has been relinquished due to a sponsor leaving a team. After the 2002 season, Robert Yates Racing switched from their longtime number 28 to 38 after sponsor Texaco-Havoline ceased their sponsorship. Teams can run numbers from 0", "title": "NASCAR rules and regulations" }, { "id": "16563562", "text": "Ross Chastain Ross Chastain (born December 4, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 42 Camaro for Chip Ganassi Racing, and full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 15 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Premium Motorsports. Chastain's first victory in NASCAR competition came in the 2018 DC Solar 300, driving for CGR and sweeping all three race stages. Chastain started racing at the age of twelve, his interest piqued by his father's hobby racing and other kids his age racing. His home track", "title": "Ross Chastain" }, { "id": "5363635", "text": "Roush Fenway Racing Roush Fenway Racing, originally Roush Racing, is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series. Once one of NASCAR's largest premier racing teams, Roush runs teams in the Monster Energy Cup Series and formerly in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, Camping World Truck Series and ARCA Racing Series. In the NASCAR Cup Series, the team fields the No. 6 Ford Mustang GT full time for Ryan Newman, and the No. 17 Mustang full-time for Ricky Stenhouse Jr. Since its inception, Roush has competed exclusively in Ford brand automobiles. The", "title": "Roush Fenway Racing" }, { "id": "3439756", "text": "Carl Long James Carlyle \"Carl\" Long (born September 20, 1967) is an American professional stock car racing driver, mechanic, and team owner. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the Nos. 13, 40, 66 cars for MBM Motorsports. In the past, he served as a mechanic for Mansion Motorsports, Spears Motorsports, and Travis Carter Motorsports. He was a crew chief at Front Row Motorsports for Eric McClure and Competition director at Rick Ware Racing. He has a total of 49 career wins in racing. Long began racing in 1983 at Orange County and South Boston Speedway. He", "title": "Carl Long" }, { "id": "8758735", "text": "returned to the team for selected races, also driving for TriStar Motorsports in the team's No. 91 at Bristol Motor Speedway. Season still in progress Chase Miller Eldon Chase Miller (born January 28, 1987) is an American former stock car racing driver, who last competed in the NASCAR Nationwide Series (now the Xfinity Series). As of 2016, he works as the car chief for the 14 Toyota Camry of TriStar Motorsports. Chase graduated from Sequoyah High School. Miller joined this series in 2005 at the age of 18 made his ARCA debut at Nashville Superspeedway. In that race he moved", "title": "Chase Miller" }, { "id": "19912463", "text": "Myatt Snider Myatt Martin Snider (born December 30, 1994) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He is the son of \"NASCAR on NBC\" pit reporter Marty Snider. He currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, driving the No. 13 Ford F-150 for ThorSport Racing. Snider is colloquially known as Sauce Boi, a moniker he picked up in 2018 based on his Louisiana Hot Sauce sponsorship. Driving the No. 22 Cunningham Motorsports car on a part-time basis, Snider won his first start in the ARCA Racing Series, leading 35 laps en route to victory at Toledo", "title": "Myatt Snider" }, { "id": "20806498", "text": "Stan Mullis Stan Mullins (born October 17, 1976) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the Nos. 13 and 66 Chevrolet Camaro and Toyota Camry for MBM Motorsports. Stan Mullis regularly drives at Las Vegas Motor speedway in the No. 20 Port City Racecar Sponsored By TLC Resorts Vacation Club In 2017, Mullis made his NASCAR debut in the No. 40 Chevrolet Camaro for MBM Motorsports at Iowa. He started 39th and finished 32nd. In 2018, Mullis returned to MBM Motorsports, but drove the No. 66 Chevrolet instead at", "title": "Stan Mullis" }, { "id": "6692282", "text": "portion of its Golden Era. In one race in 1966 at Atlanta Motor Speedway, he drove a Junior Johnson-owned No. 26 Ford due to the Ford boycott of NASCAR for much of the 1966 season, and it is still one of the most talked about vehicles in NASCAR Grand National Competition to this day. The front end of the car was sloped downward, the roofline was lowered, the side windows were narrowed and the windshield was lowered in an aerodynamic position, and the tail was kicked up. Several rival drivers referred to it as \"The Yellow Banana,\" \"Junior's Joke,\" and", "title": "Fred Lorenzen" }, { "id": "9620694", "text": "NH based Gilchrist Metal Fabricating Company funded the car. Frahm finished a sold 25th, but 5 laps down. NASCAR Drive for Diversity graduate and New Jersey native Paulie Harraka drive the No. 44 Toyota Camry at home track Dover International Speedway in May. The Delaware Office of Highway Safety came on board with their \"Click it or Ticket\" campaign to raise awareness for traffic safety. Harraka qualified 22nd, and finished a solid 19th after battling back from a pit road incident with Brendan Gaughan. Notably, Harraka was involved in an incident the prior year at the Sonoma Cup race where", "title": "TriStar Motorsports" }, { "id": "9749508", "text": "and features were removed from SD customers. No reason was publicly given, and whether it was a precursor to the eventual decision to drop the service entirely is unknown. The following drivers were chosen for the two seasons that it was on pay-per-view: Dale Earnhardt, Jr., Jeff Gordon, Tony Stewart, Denny Hamlin, Jeff Burton, Carl Edwards, Kurt Busch, Kevin Harvick, Juan Pablo Montoya, Greg Biffle, Jimmie Johnson, Matt Kenseth, David Stremme, Mark Martin, Ryan Newman, Clint Bowyer, Dale Jarrett, Jamie McMurray, Robby Gordon, Michael Waltrip, Kasey Kahne, Dave Blaney, Reed Sorenson, J.J. Yeley, Boris Said, and Martin Truex, Jr. Earnhardt,", "title": "NASCAR Hot Pass" }, { "id": "19161275", "text": "Ty Majeski Tyler \"Ty\" Majeski (born August 18, 1994) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He most recently competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 60 Ford Mustang for Roush Fenway Racing. He started his racing career on dirt karts near his hometown of Seymour, Wisconsin. Majeski later moved up to racing late models on asphalt, and then began racing in touring series. He was the champion of the ARCA Midwest Tour in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 while winning the series' 2014 Rookie of the Year award. Majeski is a member of the 2016", "title": "Ty Majeski" }, { "id": "5113403", "text": "behind Bobby Labonte and Jeff Gordon in the NASCAR Rookie of the Year standings, he left for other opportunities. Bobby Hamilton drove the car the next season with sponsorship from Kendall Motor Oil, during which the No. 40 car was bought by Dick Brooks. Hamilton finished 23rd in points that year. The 1995 season saw multiple drivers such as Rich Bickle, Greg Sacks, and Shane Hall pilot the car. But at the end of the season, Brooks closed up shop and sold the team back to Sabates. The team came back in the 1996 season with First Union sponsoring the", "title": "Chip Ganassi Racing" }, { "id": "8021015", "text": "athletics careers. In March 2014, Aikman was announced as a partner and spokesman for IDLife. In late 2005, Aikman together with another former Cowboys quarterback, Roger Staubach, established Hall of Fame Racing with Terry Labonte and Tony Raines co-driving the #96 DLP HDTV Chevrolet in the NASCAR NEXTEL Cup Series in 2006 (the race car's number was derived by multiplying Aikman's Cowboy jersey number 8 by Staubach's jersey number 12). Raines drove for Aikman full-time in 2007, and J.J. Yeley and Brad Coleman drove the car in 2008. He has invited some of the current and former Dallas Cowboys players", "title": "Troy Aikman" }, { "id": "20807717", "text": "Blake Jones Blake Jones (born January 12, 1997) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 23 Toyota Camry for BK Racing, and in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the Nos. 8 and 78 Chevrolet Camaros for B. J. McLeod Motorsports. In July 2018, Jones made his Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series debut at Loudon, where he drove the No. 23 Toyota Camry for BK Racing. He finished 33rd. Jones made his NASCAR debut in 2016, driving the No. 15 Ford Mustang for B. J. McLeod", "title": "Blake Jones" }, { "id": "5113410", "text": "Top 10s. Stremme was released due to Coors Light's departure to become the \"Official Beer of NASCAR\". On October 3, 2007, reigning Indianapolis 500 winner and IndyCar Champion Dario Franchitti was announced as the new driver of the No.40 car for the 2008 season. Due to the lack of sponsorship, the team had to procure one-race partnerships on a rotational basis, with The Hartford, Kennametal, Dodge Journey, Target, Dodge Avenger, and Wii Fit appearing on the car. Franchitti suffered ankle injuries in a Nationwide Series race at Talladega, causing him to miss several races. Marlin, Stremme, Ken Schrader, and Jeremy", "title": "Chip Ganassi Racing" }, { "id": "16695025", "text": "for the team through the remainder of the season. In 2018, it was announced that Moffitt would be driving the No. 16 truck full-time for Hattori Racing Enterprises. In the second race of the season at Atlanta, a caution came out to set up an overtime restart. After pit stops, Moffitt lined up 3rd behind new race leader Myatt Snider. On the restart, Moffitt went 3-wide into turn 1 and took the lead. Moffitt ended up pulling away to get the win, in a move reminiscent of the one he made to get his first Truck Series win in the", "title": "Brett Moffitt" }, { "id": "1384964", "text": "Cup Series, for much of his early Cup career, he moved to Hendrick Motorsports to drive the No. 88 in 2008. He remained with HMS until his retirement in 2017. Earnhardt retired with 26 wins in the Cup Series, a total which put him in the top 40 in NASCAR history. Dale Earnhardt Jr. was born and raised in Kannapolis, North Carolina, the son of Brenda Lorraine (née Gee; born January 2, 1952) and Dale Earnhardt Sr. His maternal grandfather, Robert Gee Sr., was a NASCAR car builder. He has an elder sister, Kelley; an elder half-brother, Kerry, from his", "title": "Dale Earnhardt Jr." }, { "id": "2491838", "text": "Davey Allison David Carl Allison (February 25, 1961 – July 13, 1993) was a NASCAR driver. He was best known for driving the No. 28 Texaco-Havoline Ford for Robert Yates Racing in the Winston Cup Series (Now Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series). Born in Hollywood, Florida, he was the eldest of four children born to Bobby Allison and wife Judy. The family moved to Hueytown, Alabama, and along with Bobby's brother Donnie Allison, family friend Red Farmer, and Neil Bonnett, became known in racing circles as the Alabama Gang. Growing up, Allison participated in athletics, preferring football, but became, like", "title": "Davey Allison" }, { "id": "10815086", "text": "Joey Logano Joseph Thomas Logano (born May 24, 1990), nicknamed \"Sliced Bread,\" is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 22 Ford Fusion for Team Penske, and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 22 Ford Mustang for the same team. He is the reigning Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Champion. He previously drove the No. 20 Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing from 2008 to 2012, collecting two wins and 41 Top 10 finishes. Logano's first major NASCAR win came during the Meijer", "title": "Joey Logano" }, { "id": "18872811", "text": "of the Year honors. Preece is a native of Berlin, Connecticut. He is the youngest of three sons. In 2009, he graduated from Xavier High School and earned his High School Degree. On August 10, 2016, Preece announced his engagement to his long-time girlfriend Heather Desrochers. Season still in progress<br> Ryan Preece Ryan Preece (born October 25, 1990) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 47 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for JTG Daugherty Racing. In 2013, he won the Whelen Modified Tour championship after being runner-up", "title": "Ryan Preece" } ]	who drove the number 16 car in nascar
[ "Contemporary dancer Lex Ishimoto" ]	[ { "id": "14345765", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 7) So You Think You Can Dance is a United States television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox Broadcasting Company network. Season seven premiered on May 27, 2010. In the August 12 finale, contemporary/jazz dancer Lauren Froderman was named \"America's Favorite Dancer\" and received the grand prize of $250,000, as well as an appearance on the cover of \"Dance Spirit\" magazine and in print advertising for Gatorade. Contemporary dancers Kent Boyd and Robert Roldan were named runner-up and third-place finisher, respectively. Nigel Lythgoe and Adam Shankman returned as permanent", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 7)" }, { "id": "14345773", "text": "Dominic Sandoval from Season 3, Courtney Galiano from Season 4, Ade Obayomi from Season 5 and Kathryn McCormick from Season 6. Also featured was the winner of Season 6, Russell Ferguson. So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 7) So You Think You Can Dance is a United States television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox Broadcasting Company network. Season seven premiered on May 27, 2010. In the August 12 finale, contemporary/jazz dancer Lauren Froderman was named \"America's Favorite Dancer\" and received the grand prize of $250,000, as well as an appearance on the cover of", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 7)" }, { "id": "11764747", "text": "judges and dance experts Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Luther Brown and Blake McGrath. Guest judges throughout the five-city audition tour and Finals Week include Edmonton native Stacey Tookey (Calgary auditions), Mary Murphy (Toronto and Vancouver auditions), Mia Michaels (Montreal auditions), Dan Karaty (Halifax auditions), Rex Harrington and Sean Cheesman (Finals Week). The finale was held on October 24, 2010. Ballroom dancer Denys Drozdyuk of Toronto was declared the winner, with contemporary dancer Amanda Cleghorn of Mississauga, Ontario as runner-up, contemporary dancer Jeff Mortensen of Edmonton, Alberta in third, and contemporary dancer Janick Arseneau in fourth. Both Drozdyuk and Cleghorn were", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada" }, { "id": "11764745", "text": "Murphy, Dan Karaty, Kenny Ortega, and Mia Michaels, who choreographed a group piece. The finale was held on December 7, 2008. Contemporary dancer Nico Archambault of Montreal was declared the winner, with ballet dancer Allie Bertram of Calgary as runner-up, hip hop dancer Miles Faber of Calgary in third, and Latin dancer Natalli Reznik of Toronto in fourth. Archambault was awarded $100,000 and a 2009 C230 Mercedes-Benz. Auditions for season 2 took place from April to May, 2009 in Vancouver, Edmonton, Saint John, Toronto and Montreal. Leah Miller, Jean-Marc Généreux and Tré Armstrong returned for season 2 which premiered August", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada" }, { "id": "14053431", "text": "and the dancers are selected purely by viewer vote. The season ends with a Top 4 dancers and a finale in which the champion is announced. The first season was presented by singer EliZe. The permanent members of the judge's panel consisted of Dan Karaty, Jaako Toivonen and Euvgenia Parakhina. The finale was broadcast on 11 December 2008 and concluded with the announcement of Ivan Paulovich as the first winner of the competition. Paulovich won a dance study of choice in America, €20.000, and a dance solo in the musical \"Footloose\". Timor Steffens was the runner-up. The second season saw", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)" }, { "id": "11764746", "text": "11, 2009. Due to the US show airing a fall season, CTV programmed the Canadian version on their network while the US version aired on A. The finale was held October 25, 2009. Contemporary dancer Tara-Jean Popowich of Lethbridge, Alberta was declared the winner, with ballroom dancer Vincent Desjardins of Trois-Rivières, Québec as runner-up, jazz dancer Jayme-Rae Dailey of Montreal in third, and tap dancer Everett Smith of Glen Morris, Ontario in fourth. Both Popowich and Desjardins were awarded a Mazda 3 Sport, and Popowich received $100,000. Leah Miller returned as host in Season 3 and was joined by returning", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada" }, { "id": "11615536", "text": "<nowiki>*</nowiki> It was reported on July 14, 2008 that Jessica King was injured and as a result could not continue in the competition. Comfort Fedoke returned to the show in place of King. \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Debbie Allen, Lil' C, Adam Shankman, Mia Michaels Tyce Diorio, along with Rob Ashford from \"81st Academy Awards\" were joint-winners. It is broadcast on the Canadian channels, CTV and MuchMusic, and also on Fox Life in Poland. It is also broadcast on TVNorge in Norway and Nelonen in Finland! It is also broadcast on Channel 10 in Australia and on AXN in", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 4)" }, { "id": "13809663", "text": "Can Dance\" first premiered on 2 January 2010, beginning with one audition show, introducing the top 14 and others at audition. Five elimination rounds were followed by a final, with performances and results shown on the same night. The winner would receive a prize, and would earn the title of \"Britain's Favourite Dancer\". The winner received £100,000 cash and a trip to Hollywood, where the winner performed in the U.S. season finale. The show was axed by BBC One due to the second series' low ratings and buying the broadcasting rights for the UK version of \"The Voice\". In 2019,", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK TV series)" }, { "id": "14053427", "text": "expert judge decisions and call-in voting to advance dancers from a wide variety of backgrounds through various different dance styles. A season winner is awarded a cash prize, funded study-abroad or work-abroad opportunities (usually in the U.S.) and other prizes, as well as the title \"The Netherlands' Favourite Dancer\". The winners of the first five seasons have been Ivan Paulovich, Els Smekens, Floris Bosveld, Nina Plantefève-Castryck and Frederic De Smet. The first season was hosted by singer Elise van der Horst. From the second season on, Dennis Weening and An Lemmens have co-presented. The format of the show closely follows", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)" }, { "id": "12281375", "text": "D'umo, Carmen Electra, Brian Friedman, Jean-Marc Généreux, Jason Gilkison, Neil Patrick Harris, Hi-Hat, Katie Holmes, Dan Karaty, Lady Gaga, Carly Rae Jepsen, Lil' C, Rob Marshall, Mandy Moore, Megan Mullally, Kenny Ortega, Toni Redpath, Debbie Reynolds, Wade Robson, Doriana Sanchez, Shane Sparks, Sonya Tayeh, Olisa Thompson, Stacey Tookey, Jesse Tyler Ferguson, and Travis Wall. † From its inception in season 6 and through season 10, the dancer showcase episode represented a non-competitive round with no viewer voting or subsequent eliminations, followed the next week by the first competitive round. In season 11 it was the first episode of the season", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "13437956", "text": "it to the Las Vegas auditions, won the title of \"America's Favorite Dancer\" and the $250,000 prize. Also in the finale were Jakob Karr in second place, Kathryn McCormick in third place, Ellenore Scott in fourth place, Ashleigh Di Lello in fifth place and Ryan Di Lello in sixth place. Open auditions for this season somewhat overlapped season 5. These auditions for season 6 were held in the following cities after season 5's Las Vegas week, but before season 5's finals started: Lythgoe was accepting an honorary degree from the University of Bedfordshire; therefore, two guest judges were present. \"Judges:\"", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 6)" }, { "id": "17750783", "text": "Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 19) Season nineteen of \"Dancing with the Stars\" premiered on September 15, 2014. On November 25, 2014, Alfonso Ribeiro and his partner Witney Carson were crowned champions. The runners-up were Sadie Robertson and Mark Ballas, and Janel Parrish and Valentin Chmerkovskiy came in third. Ribeiro was the first male celebrity to win since Donald Driver in season 14, and it was Carson's first win—she is the first former \"So You Think You Can Dance\" contestant turned \"Dancing with the Stars\" professional to win. Cheryl Burke, who was featured on every season of the show", "title": "Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 19)" }, { "id": "12250902", "text": "Joshua Allen Joshua Allen (born March 13, 1989) is the winner of the fourth season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\". He had originally auditioned in Dallas, Texas with his friend and fellow contestant, Comfort Fedoke. Allen was announced winner of the show on August 7, 2008, winning $250,000. Allen was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He first started to dance in third grade, at the age of 8. One of his early influences was Michael Jackson, whom Allen emulated by doing the Moonwalk. He also excelled at sports and played football and track. After changing high schools, however,", "title": "Joshua Allen" }, { "id": "11764749", "text": "June 20, 2011, and the show will continue to air every Monday and Tuesday at 8pm beginning June 27, 2011. The finale was held on September 11, 2011; for the first time in the show's four-season run, six dancers competed in the finale rather than four. Jordan Clark of Tottenham, Ontario was declared the winner, receiving a 2011 Chevy Cruze and $100,000. Melissa Mitro of Richmond Hill, Ontario was runner-up, also receiving a 2011 Chevy Cruze and $10,000. The remaining four finalists — Lindsay Leuschner of Stouffville, Ontario, Matt Marr of Quispamsis, New Brunswick, Christian Millette of Montreal and Shane", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada" }, { "id": "12281374", "text": "and dance artist Jason Derulo, and successful show alumni and season 4 runner-up Stephen \"tWitch\" Boss. Many earlier seasons frequently featured guest judges in occasional episodes, though this practice has become increasingly rare. These guest judge positions have typically been filled by choreographers who work regularly on the show (who in rare cases may also be former contestants themselves) and by iconic names from the entertainment industry. Guest judges for the show have included: Debbie Allen, Christina Applegate, Robin Antin, Toni Basil, Cicely Bradley, Kristin Chenoweth, Misty Copeland, Alex Da Silva, Ellen DeGeneres, Tyce Diorio, Joey Dowling, Napoleon and Tabitha", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "12281372", "text": "dancers (including returning past season competitors and cast-members from other international versions of the franchise), musical performances, and multiple video packets chronicling the course of the season's events, all culminating in the announcement of the winner of the competition. Most seasons have featured a single winner, while seasons 9 and 10 featured both a male and female winner. Following the closure of the season, the Top Ten dancers often go on tour for several months, performing hit routines from the season among other performances. A typical season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\" is presided over by a panel", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "10263443", "text": "Κωστόπουλος)<br> Igor Mara Hernandez (Ιγκόρ Μόρα Ερνάντες)<br> Andreas Ioannou (Αντρέας Ιωάννου) <br> Elena Tsikitikou (Ελενα Τσικιτίκου)<br> Anastasios Kanaridis (Αναστάσιος Καναρίδης) The winner of season two was Elena Tsikitikou (Ελενα Τσικιτίκου).<br> Top 4: Ania Donchenko, Zoï Tatopoulos, Igor Mara Hernandez Contributors:<br> Hostess: Doukissa Nomikou (Δούκισσα Νομικού) <br> Judge 1: Ivan Svitailo (Ιβάν Σβιτάιλο)<br> Judge 2: Konstantinos Rigos (Κωνσταντίνος Ρήγος)<br> Judge 3: Panos Metaxopoulos (Πάνος Μεταξόπουλος)<br> Judge 4: Eleni Foureira (Ελένη Φουρέιρα)<br> Judge 5: Ioannis Melissanidis (Ιωάννης Μελισσανίδης)<br> Choreographer: Bill RoXenos (Μπίλ Ρόξενος)<br> Choreographer: Courtney Parker (Κόρτνεϊ Πάρκερ)<br> Choreographer: Zoï Tatopoulos (Ζωή Τατόπουλος)<br> Choreographer: Alexander Velinov (Αλεξάντερ Βέλινοβ)<br> Choreographer: Vivi Stamoyli (Βιβή", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "15834453", "text": "Melanie Moore Melanie Moore (born September 17, 1991) is an American actress and professional dancer best known as the winner of the eighth season of the U.S. reality television competition \"So You Think You Can Dance\". According to the results announced on the broadcast, Moore won \"overwhelmingly\", garnering 47% of the vote in a four-way final tally. Moore was educated in Marietta, Georgia, where she attended Lassiter High School and was crowned homecoming queen. At the time of the competition, she was a 19-year-old college freshman attending Fordham University at Lincoln Center in New York City. Moore trained and competed", "title": "Melanie Moore" }, { "id": "14744282", "text": "Ryan and Sharpay Evans of Disney's \"High School Musical\" series. Some notable celebrity guest-stars are Renée Taylor, Chris Trousdale, Ben Savage, John D'Aquino, Anneliese van der Pol, Kent Boyd and Cat Deeley of \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and \"America's Best Dance Crew\" contestants: JabbaWockeeZ (season 1 winners), Breaks8 (season 1), Quest Crew (season 3 winners), Poreotics (season 5 winners), Jungle Boogie (season 5), Saltare (season 5), IaMmE Crew (season 6 winners), ICONic Boyz (season 6 runners-up), Instant Noodles (season 6), Elektrolytes (season 7 winners) and Beat Freaks (season 3 runners-up). On June 5, 2011, a \"Good Luck Charlie\"", "title": "Shake It Up (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "8204444", "text": "top 20. The song played after each female elimination was \"Suddenly I See\" by KT Tunstall, whilst that played after each male elimination was \"It's the End of the Road\" by Matt Goss. \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Dan Karaty \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Shane Sparks and Mia Michaels \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Olisa Thompson and Cicely Bradley \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Dan Karaty \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Brian Friedman \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Olisa Thompson, Cicely Bradley and Jean-Marc Généreux \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Dan Karaty \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Mia", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 2)" }, { "id": "16288159", "text": "single winner format used in previous seasons, a contemporary dancer was not amongst the contestants remaining in the competition in the finale, and lastly, a ballet dancer is the winner of the competition. Open auditions for this season were held in the following locations: The Las Vegas callbacks were held at Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. For the first time in nine seasons, contestants were allowed to choose their own groups for the group choreography round, in contrast to previous seasons where the groups were assigned. With cuts made following each round of choreography, thirty-five dancers", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 9)" }, { "id": "14953149", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 8) So You Think You Can Dance is an American television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox network. The show's eighth season premiered on May 26, 2011. It features the return of Mary Murphy and Nigel Lythgoe as permanent judges and Cat Deeley as host. Also returning is the selection of a Top 20 for the finals, in contrast to season 7's Top 11. Contemporary dancer Melanie Moore won the season and Sasha Mallory was the runner-up. This is the first season where both the winner and runner-up were", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 8)" }, { "id": "10263441", "text": "Fanie Michailidou (Φανή Μιχαηλίδου)<br> Liza Spachi (Λίζα Σπάχη)<br> Kiki Fotiadi (Κική Φωτιάδη)<br> Maria Fotiadi (Μαρία Φωτιάδη)<br> Vana Christaki (Βάνα Χριστάκη)<br> Loukas Kosmidis (Λουκάς Κοσμίδης)<br> Pavlos Manogiannakis (Παύλος Μανογιαννάκης)<br> Tsiago Souarez Da Silva (Τσιάγκο Σουάρεζ Ντα Σίλβα)<br> Vaggelis Polyzois (Βαγγέλης Πολυζώης)<br> Jean Pierre Falone Stasinopoulos (Ζαν Πιερ Φαλόνε Στασινόπουλος)<br> Kostas Torlidakis (Κώστας Τορλιδάκης)<br> Elias Chatzigeorgiou (Ηλίας Χατζηγεωργίου) The winner of season one was Loukas Kosmidis (Λουκάς Κοσμίδης). <br> Top 4: Jean Pierre Falone Stasinopoulos, Fanie Michailidou, Panagiota Kariotis Contributors:<br> \"Hostess:\"' Vicky Kaya (Βίκυ Καγιά) <br> Judge 1: Michalis Nalbantis (Μιχάλης Ναλμπάντης)<br> Judge 2: Evelina Papoulia (Εβελίνα Παπούλια)<br> Judge 3: Panos Metaxopoulos", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "8061182", "text": "Benji Schwimmer Benjamin Daniel Schwimmer (born January 18, 1984) is an American professional dancer, choreographer and actor. He was the winner of the second season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\" (2006) and has choreographed for both the U.S. and the international versions of the show. He co-starred in the 2010 film \"Leading Ladies\". Schwimmer was born on January 18, 1984 in Newport Beach, California, and grew up in a Latter-day Saint (Mormon) household in Moreno Valley, California. He is the son of choreographer and West Coast Swing dancer Buddy Schwimmer. His mother, Laurie Schwimmer, and sister, Lacey Schwimmer,", "title": "Benji Schwimmer" }, { "id": "12281394", "text": "Zealand, Norway, Palestinian Territories, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, South Africa, Sudan, Sweden, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and Vietnam. Similar shows: So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) So You Think You Can Dance is an American televised dance competition show that airs on Fox in the United States and is the flagship series of the international \"So You Think You Can Dance\" television franchise. It was created by \"American Idol\" producers Simon Fuller and Nigel Lythgoe and is produced by 19 Entertainment, Dick Clark Productions, and Conrad Sewell Productions. The series premiered on", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "12281359", "text": "duet, and group dance numbers on live television, attempting to master a diverse selection of dance styles, including classical, contemporary, ballroom, hip-hop, street, club, jazz, and musical theatre styles, among others. They compete for the votes of the broadcast viewing audience which, combined with the input of a panel of judges, determines which dancers advance to the next stage from week to week, until a winner is crowned as \"America's favorite dancer\". \"So You Think You Can Dance\" has won seven Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Choreography and a total of nine Emmy Awards altogether. Licensed variations of the show,", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "12894778", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 5) So You Think You Can Dance is a United States television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox Broadcasting Company network. Season five premiered on May 21, 2009, with Nigel Lythgoe and Mary Murphy returning as permanent judges and Cat Deeley returning to host. Jeanine Mason was crowned America's Favorite Dancer on August 6, 2009, making her the second female to win the show. For the first time, the show moved to a new stage, but it turned out to be the last season at CBS Studios. Open auditions", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 5)" }, { "id": "11615537", "text": "India. So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 4) So You Think You Can Dance is a United States television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox Broadcasting Company network. Season four premiered on May 22, 2008, with Nigel Lythgoe and Mary Murphy returning as permanent judges and Cat Deeley returning to host. Joshua Allen was announced as the winner on August 7, 2008, the first hip-hop dancer to win the title. Open auditions for this season were expanded to the following six cities: For the first time, New York City was not a stop on the", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 4)" }, { "id": "11615529", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 4) So You Think You Can Dance is a United States television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox Broadcasting Company network. Season four premiered on May 22, 2008, with Nigel Lythgoe and Mary Murphy returning as permanent judges and Cat Deeley returning to host. Joshua Allen was announced as the winner on August 7, 2008, the first hip-hop dancer to win the title. Open auditions for this season were expanded to the following six cities: For the first time, New York City was not a stop on the audition", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 4)" }, { "id": "18701067", "text": "won the competition and made history by becoming the first tap dancer to win the title. Auditions were held in Dallas TX, Detroit MI, Los Angeles CA, Memphis TN and New York NY. Series creator and executive producer Nigel Lythgoe returned as a member of the permanent judging panel, along with new permanent members Paula Abdul and Jason Derulo. The Team Captains, Travis Wall for Team Stage and tWitch for Team Street, were consulted on the selections for each team during the Vegas Call Backs. Mary Murphy, who was a permanent judge in seasons 3 through 6 and seasons 8", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 12)" }, { "id": "17011591", "text": "judges include Ngô Thanh Vân, broadway staff John Huy Trần, choreographer Trần Ly Ly, B-boy Việt Max, and MC Thanh Bạch. The show's winner will receive 400 million đồng and a choice between several career advancement opportunities. The show will feature twenty-three episodes, and a format similar to that of the original U.S. series in season 2-8. The first season will begin with three open audition episodes in which dancers (both professional and amateur, from any stylistic background and of ages from 16 to 30) can attempt to impress a panel of judges with their ability and earn a spot", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Vietnamese TV series)" }, { "id": "4437805", "text": "Leah Miller Leah Miller (born July 20, 1981) is a former MuchMusic VJ from Toronto, and a former host of the now defunct show \"So You Think You Can Dance Canada\". She was also a correspondent for the entertainment news show \"etalk\", and E! in Canada. Miller is the youngest of four children; she has an older sister and two older brothers. Her parents are Peter Miller and Carla (née Parson) Miller. She won the title of Miss Junior Dance of Canada when she was 13 and danced on a competitive basis until age 16. After attending Cardinal Carter Academy", "title": "Leah Miller" }, { "id": "8204445", "text": "Michaels \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Brian Friedman Solos: In 2006, the top 10 contestants went on a performance tour (which is the first sytycd tour). Tickets went on sale August 12 Wade Robson and Mia Michaels were joint-winners along with Rob Marshall and John Deluca from \"Tony Bennett: An American Classic\". So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 2) The second season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\" premiered on May 25, 2006, with new host Cat Deeley. On August 16, Benji Schwimmer was announced as the winner of season 2 and received the grand prize", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 2)" }, { "id": "10263442", "text": "(Πάνος Μεταξόπουλος)<br> Judge 4: Jason Roditis (Τζέισον Ροδίτης)<br> Choreographer: Maria Anthimidou (Μαρία Ανθυμίδου) <br> Choreographer: Tonia Kosovitch (Τόνια Κόσοβιτς) <br> Choreographer: Wendy Gibbins (Γουέντι Γκίμπινς)<br> Choreographer: Natalie Fotopoulos (Ναταλία Φωτόπουλος) Contestants:<br> Giannis Mixos (Γιάννης Μίχος)<br> Giorgos Dagiadas (Γιώργος Νταγιάντας) <br> Ania Donchenko (Άνια Ντοντσένκο)<br> Denise Puko (Ντενίζ Πούκο)<br> Emily Dann (Έμιλυ Νταν)<br> Fenia Tsikitikou (Φένια Τσικιτίκου)<br> Chrysa Skordiali (Χρύσα Σκορδιάλη)<br> Ada Seraidari (Άδα Σεραϊδάρη)<br> Revo (Ρέβο)<br> Konstadinos Eleftheriadis (Κωνσταντίνος Ελευθεριάδης)<br> Rodi Stefanidou (Ροδή Στεφανίδου)<br> Laura Narges (Λάουρα Νάργες)<br> Sofia Theodosiou (Σοφία Θεοδοσίου)<br> Georgette Korizis (Ζορζέτ)<br> Zoï Tatopoulos (Ζωή Τατόπουλος)<br> Fani Foka (Φανή Φωκά)<br> Margarita Kostoglou (Μαργαρίτα Κώστογλου)<br> Giorgos Kostopoulos (Γιώργος", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "12411589", "text": "their YouTube accounts moments after the show aired, making the audition clip one of \"So You Think You Can Dance'\"s most successful viral videos, earning around 26,000,000 accumulated views only a week after the video surfaced. Muraine later quit the show during contestant selection due to the difficult choreography, but appeared later in the season for a guest performance, after which Lythgoe suggested a dance-off with Phillip \"PacMan\" Chbeeb. The dance-off aired in August 2008 during the season finale and the judges selected Muraine as the winner. Muraine also represented the US in \"Superstars of Dance\" on NBC later in", "title": "Robert Muraine" }, { "id": "14053436", "text": "the nations from visiting or working within Cuba. The remaining three judges made the ultimate decision on the season's Top 18 dancers. On the 27 November 2011 finale, ballet dancer Nina Plantefève-Castryck was announced the winner of the fourth season and was awarded a choice of dance school opportunities, a cash prize of €25,000, and a role in a music video of David Guetta. With Anna-Alicia Sklias taking second place, the vote also marked the first time in the show's four seasons that first place and first runner-up both went to female contestants, as well as the first time the", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)" }, { "id": "19541688", "text": "to reprise, and other duets were reprised as described below. Results were announced during the last hour of the show as follows: Emma placed 4th, Tate was 3rd, J. T. was runner-up, and Kida won the $250,000 top prize and will be featured on the cover of \"Dance Spirit\" magazine. Notes: So You Think You Can Dance: The Next Generation (U.S. TV series) So You Think You Can Dance: The Next Generation is the 13th season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\", an American dance competition show. The show premiered on Monday, May 30, 2016 in a new format", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance: The Next Generation (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "14951770", "text": "2010. Robbie White was injured, and could not perform. Lizzie Gough finished third, Tommy Franzén was the season runner-up, but female jazz dancer Charlie Bruce ended up as the winner. Judge Nigel Lythgoe said that Bruce absolutely was the best contestant of the season, and to watch \"small\" dancers Bruce and Franzén grow across the series was fabulous, and Lythgoe was so happy that he could show how brilliant Bruce was for the US version of the show. Former Strictly Come Dancing judge and choreographer Arlene Phillips and executive producer and creator of the show Nigel Lythgoe made up the", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK series 1)" }, { "id": "14053434", "text": "allowed to return to the competition. He was not required to audition but was required to re-secure a place in the Top 20 in the Bootcamp phase of the competition. Also returning was Natascha de Jong, a dancer who was selected for the top 20 in season one but was unable to participate for personal reasons. Both dancers earned a place amongst the finalists again and ultimately came in 2nd- and 4th-placed, respectively. First place went to hip-hop dancer Floris Bosveld during the 28 November 2010 finale. Bosveld won €25,000, a choice of dance school opportunities in America and a", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)" }, { "id": "12894780", "text": "by Kelly Clarkson. The song for the eliminated male contestants was \"On Your Own\" by Green River Ordinance. \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Adam Shankman \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Lil' C \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Toni Basil \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Mia Michaels \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Tyce Diorio \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Debbie Allen \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Ellen DeGeneres, Mary Murphy, Mia Michaels \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Lil' C Solos: \"Judges\": Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Adam Shankman Solos: \"Judges:\" only Debbie Allen and Mary Murphy \"Judges:\" Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Mia Michaels Judges:", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 5)" }, { "id": "9851510", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 1) So You Think You Can Dance is an American television dance competition that airs on the Fox network. The first season premiered on July 20, 2005 with Lauren Sánchez as host, Nigel Lythgoe as the main judge, and Mary Murphy, Dan Karaty, Mia Michaels and Brian Friedman as most frequent guest judges. Nick Lazzarini was crowned America's Favorite Dancer on October 5, 2005 with 37.7% of the votes. The main auditions for this season were held in following cities: Auditioners had one minute to impress the judges. A contestant deemed to", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 1)" }, { "id": "16350489", "text": "production for its subsequent three seasons. The second season premiered on September 1, 2009 and concluded eight weeks later on November 29, with Belgian Els Smekens announced winner in a live finale. Smekens won a choice of dance school opportunities in the U.S., a cash prize of €20.000, and a dance solo in the musical Hairspray. Unlike the first season, the second season featured a less permanent make-up for the Judge panel with Dan Karaty, Jan Kooijman and Nicky VerNew with one being occasionally replaced for a week by a guest judge. Initial open auditions were held over two days", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Belgium and the Netherlands, season 2)" }, { "id": "9851513", "text": "and Dan Karaty \"Judges:\" Brian Friedman, Mia Michaels, Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Dan Karaty \"Judges:\" Brian Friedman, Mia Michaels, Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy and Dan Karaty So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 1) So You Think You Can Dance is an American television dance competition that airs on the Fox network. The first season premiered on July 20, 2005 with Lauren Sánchez as host, Nigel Lythgoe as the main judge, and Mary Murphy, Dan Karaty, Mia Michaels and Brian Friedman as most frequent guest judges. Nick Lazzarini was crowned America's Favorite Dancer on October 5, 2005 with", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 1)" }, { "id": "10265945", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance So You Think You Can Dance is a franchise of reality television shows in which contestants compete in dance. The first series of the franchise, created by \"Idols\" producers Simon Fuller and Nigel Lythgoe, premiered in July 2005 and has broadcast fifteen seasons since. Adaptations of the show began airing in other countries in late 2005 and to date 28 localized adaptations have been produced, representing 39 different countries and comprising more than ninety individual seasons. Although each varies in the particulars of its format and presentation, all shows in the \"So You Think", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance" }, { "id": "13084978", "text": "videos with Madonna and Shakira, Justin Timberlake Snow Urbin appeared on Season 1 of Fox's \"So You Think You Can Dance\". Urbin later appeared on ABC's \"Dancing With The Stars\". 2013 Urbin choreographed for “Dancing With The Stars” in Panama . 2017 Arthur Murray World Champion 2017 3 rd in Blackpool 2017 British Rhythm Champion 2017 Open Canadian Champion 2017 Canadian National Champion 2018 AM World Champion Urbin is currently teaching in the United States and abroad. Snejana Urbin Snejana \"Snow\" Urbin (born in Siberia, Russia) is a dancer and choreographer. At the age of three, Urbin had begun attending", "title": "Snejana Urbin" }, { "id": "17625928", "text": "Witney Carson Witney Capri Carson McAllister (born October 17, 1993) is an American professional Latin ballroom dancer and choreographer. She first gained attention in 2012, when the 18-year-old finished ladies' second runner-up in season nine of \"So You Think You Can Dance\". Carson continued her professional dancing career in early 2013 as a troupe dancer in seasons 16 and 17 of \"Dancing with the Stars\". She was promoted to professional partner in season 18. In season 19, she and her partner Alfonso Ribeiro were announced the winners on November 25, 2014, making her one of six professional dancers to win", "title": "Witney Carson" }, { "id": "13809673", "text": "stage of the show. The next 6 shows where the live shows, Sisco Gomez became a permanent judge at this stage of the competition. Every week 2 dancers (one boy and one girl were eliminated from the competition until there were 4 contestants left (2 boys and 2 girls). The finale of the first series of So You Think You Can Dance was held on 13 February 2010. Robbie White was injured, and could not perform. Lizzie Gough finished third, Tommy Franzén was the season runner-up, but female jazz dancer Charlie Bruce ended up as the winner. Judge Nigel Lythgoe", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK TV series)" }, { "id": "18002138", "text": "competition, and his prizes include $250,000, the chance to appear on the cover of \"Dance Spirit\" magazine, the offer of a role in the 2014 Broadway revival of the musical \"On the Town\" as choreographed by one of this season's guest choreographers, Joshua Bergasse, and the title of America's Favorite Dancer. The runner-up was tap dancer Valerie Rockey. This season saw the show eliminate interactive viewer participation by telephone, with producers preferring to divert weekly voting to the show's website and the network's new proprietary smartphone app, a process that reduced the overall number of votes each participating viewer could", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 11)" }, { "id": "10265946", "text": "You Can Dance\" franchise share a premise of placing dancers—who come from a wide variety of dance backgrounds and are often, but not exclusively, amateur or semi-professional in experience—in a competition which requires them to adapt to multiple styles of dance. As the competition progresses, a combination of judge decisions and at-home-viewer votes determine which dancers will advance in the competition from week to week, until ultimately one dancer is voted champion of that particular season and receives a prize package that may consist of money, work or training opportunities, additional material prizes and typically the title of the respective", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance" }, { "id": "8204441", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 2) The second season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\" premiered on May 25, 2006, with new host Cat Deeley. On August 16, Benji Schwimmer was announced as the winner of season 2 and received the grand prize of $100,000, a new hybrid SUV, and a one-year contract with Celine Dion's Las Vegas show, \"A New Day...\". Schwimmer almost did not make the show's top 20 — he was officially first runner-up dancer in case any of the male dancers ran into unforeseen difficulties prior to the start of filming. As", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 2)" }, { "id": "16560220", "text": "Parir te Karogh Es Parir te Karogh Es (Պարիր թե կարող ես in original Armenian orthography, and translated as \"So You Think You Can Dance\") is an Armenian televised dance competition based on the format of the international \"So You Think You Can Dance\" television franchise. Broadcast by Armenian television network Shant TV and hosted by Grikor Aghakhanyan, it began airing in 2011 and has been broadcast for three seasons. The first two seasons of the show had a single winner, while the third season had both a male and a female winner. The show's second-season winner, Paul Karmiriyan, subsequently", "title": "Parir te Karogh Es" }, { "id": "12492823", "text": "at the Sundance Film Festival. It won and was nominated for awards in over 11 film festivals including The European Film Awards, The Art Film Festival, and the Athens International Film Festival. In 2013, he acted again as the main villain in a Thai Martial Arts film, \"Dragon Wolf\". In 2015, Winters released his latest film, \"\", where he reconnected with his original passion for dancing. The film stars winners and runners-up of the successful TV shows, \"So You Think You Can Dance\", and \"Dancing with the Stars\". The movie is about Jennifer, a girl from Beverly Hills, California, falls", "title": "David Winters (choreographer)" }, { "id": "13809669", "text": "competition by voting. The bottom two will perform again and then the judges will decide which act they would like to see again in the competition. The season finale consists of the top 4, and in addition to their solos, each also dances several other numbers, while being paired or grouped with the other finalists in such a way that \"everyone dances with everyone.\" In addition, during the grand finale, contestants who were eliminated that season come back, and that season's favorite dances are showcased. At the end of the finale, the winner (the competitor with the highest number of", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK TV series)" }, { "id": "8061188", "text": "death by suicide of three gay friends. Benji Schwimmer Benjamin Daniel Schwimmer (born January 18, 1984) is an American professional dancer, choreographer and actor. He was the winner of the second season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\" (2006) and has choreographed for both the U.S. and the international versions of the show. He co-starred in the 2010 film \"Leading Ladies\". Schwimmer was born on January 18, 1984 in Newport Beach, California, and grew up in a Latter-day Saint (Mormon) household in Moreno Valley, California. He is the son of choreographer and West Coast Swing dancer Buddy Schwimmer. His", "title": "Benji Schwimmer" }, { "id": "12281357", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) So You Think You Can Dance is an American televised dance competition show that airs on Fox in the United States and is the flagship series of the international \"So You Think You Can Dance\" television franchise. It was created by \"American Idol\" producers Simon Fuller and Nigel Lythgoe and is produced by 19 Entertainment, Dick Clark Productions, and Conrad Sewell Productions. The series premiered on July 20, 2005 with over ten million viewers and ended the summer season as the top-rated show on television. The first season was hosted by", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "16993186", "text": "Karina Smirnoff and Maksim Chmerkovskiy from \"Dancing With The Stars\"; Katee Shean, Mark Kanemura, and Joshua Allen from \"So You Think You Can Dance\"; and four members of Quest Crew—the winners of season three of \"America's Best Dance Crew\". They finished the year with choreography for Carrie Underwood's \"All-Star Holiday Special\" and Jennifer Lopez' performance on \"Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest\". In 2010, Tabitha and Napoleon returned to \"So You Think You Can Dance\" (SYTYCD) for season seven and started to work with four different productions of Cirque du Soleil. In February, they provided choreography for", "title": "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo" }, { "id": "11764740", "text": "\"Canada's Favourite Dancer\", and received a prize of CDN $100,000 and a new car. In Seasons 2 and 3, the runner-up also received a new car. The show was hosted by former \"ETalk\" correspondent and \"MuchMusic\" VJ Leah Miller. The judging panel featured two permanent judges, Jean-Marc Généreux and Tré Armstrong, and usually two rotating guest judge spots. Over the years, guest judges have included Karen Kain and Rex Harrington from the National Ballet of Canada, \"High School Musical\" director Kenny Ortega, well-known Broadway choreographer Sergio Trujillo, and Mary Murphy and Dan Karaty, who are both veteran judges on the", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada" }, { "id": "13051898", "text": "the winner of best legs in the 2007 Dance Competition. In 2013 she won the \"Mira Quien Baila\" competition. Ashlé Dawson Ashlé Dawson (born 14 July 1984) is an American choreographer, director, and dancer from Long Island, New York. Dawson was a Top 4 finalist on FOX's TV show \"So You Think You Can Dance\", after teaching for ten years. She then performed and worked internationally while remained based in Los Angeles. She appeared in MTV's \"MADE\" (Season 10, Ep.39) in August 2010 and performed with the Cirque Du Soleil in 2011. Dawson was dancing with Prince Royce. She has", "title": "Ashlé Dawson" }, { "id": "14953153", "text": "in reverse chronological order of elimination. Due to a shoulder injury, Mitchell Kelly was barred from performing in his routine. He was replaced for the evening by season 7's Robert Roldan and was automatically in danger of going home. Note: Now it's up to Top 10, they'll be voted individually by America. Also, new partners randomly picked whether they get a male or female and an All-Star pool. Matt Flint is the winner of \"So You Think You Can Dance UK\"'s second season, and this performance comprised a portion of his prize package. As opposed to last season, there is", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 8)" }, { "id": "14053432", "text": "a broadening of the show's audience and contestant pool to include the Flemish. The season also began with a change of hosts, with Dennis Weening and An Lemmens taking over presentation from singer Elize. The judges panel also changed with Nicky Vernieuwe and Jan Kooijman taking the places of season one judges Jaako Toivonen and Euvgenia Parakhina. After a season plagued by injuries in the live shows, Els Smekens was announced winner during the 29 November 2009 season finale. Smekens and her partner Angelo Pardo, had been judge and fan favorites from early in the competition and took the top", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)" }, { "id": "10263444", "text": "Σταμούλη)<br> Choreographer: Giorgos Kostopoulos (Γιώργος Κωστόπουλος) Contestants:<br> Valantis Rapths (Βαλάντης Ράπτης) <br> Velma Antrianaki (Βέλμα Ανδριανάκη) <br> Nefeli Theodotou (Νεφέλη Θεοδότου) <br> Marios Chatziantonis (Μάριος Χατζηαντώνης) <br> Paraskevas Theodosiou (Παρασκευάς Θεοδοσίου) <br> Danah-Stella Aulonith (Δανάη-Στέλλα Αυλωνίτη) <br> Areth Noti (Αρετή Νότη) <br> Sofia Tzavellou (Σοφία Τζαβέλλου) <br> Chrysa Skordiali (Χρύσα Σκορδιαλή) <br> Marianna Papakonstantinou (Μαριάννα Παπακωνσταντίνου) <br> Alexandros Beshonges (Αλέξανδρος Πέσογκες) <br> Xrhstos Ntenths (Χρήστος Ντέντης) <br> Telis Telikas (Τέλης Τελλάκης) <br> Aggelos Apostolidis (Άγγελος Αποστολίδης) <br> Nasta Kontopidi(Νάστα Κοντοπίδη) <br> Oleksandr Bakharyev (Ολεκ) <br> Kleio Arvaniti (Κλειώ Αρβανίτη) <br> Eva Somaraki (Εύα Σωμαρακάκη) <br> Despina Lagoudaki (Δέσποινα Λαγουδάκη) <br>", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "14963405", "text": "Belfast. Sisco Gomez, Louise Redknapp, Nigel Lythgoe and Arlene Phillips all returned to the judging panel for series two. Singer and The X Factor winner Alexandra Burke appeared as a guest judge during the audition stages. Singer and actor John Barrowman appeared as a guest judge during week six of the live shows, in place of Lythgoe. Top 20: \"Don't Stop The Music\"—Rihanna (Jazz; Choreographer: Mandy Moore)<br> Top 10 Boys: \"It's A Man's Man's Man's World\"—James Brown (Contemporary; Choreographer: Sarah Boulter)<br> Top 10 Girls: \"Fighter\"—Christina Aguilera\" (Lyrical jazz; Choreographer: Kevan Allen) Overnight ratings are taken from Digital Spy and official", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK series 2)" }, { "id": "16400072", "text": "vendors, and more. World of Dance events feature the industry’s best as judges, performers, or guests, including many performers who have appeared in nationally televised dance competitions, such as World of Dance, So You Think You Can Dance, America’s Best Dance Crew (ABDC), and more. Notable WOD guests include all seven ABDC champions, JabbaWockeeZ, Super Cr3w, Quest Crew, We Are Heroes, Poreotics, I.aM.mE, and Electrolytes. Additional performers include 8 Flavahz, Kaba Modern, SoReal Cru, Gotham actress Camren Bicondova, Les Twins, Chachi Gonzales, Dytto, Ian Eastwood, Kaelynn Gobert-Harris, Black-ish star Miles Brown, SYTYCD Season 10 Male Winner Fik-Shun, and India's famous", "title": "World of Dance" }, { "id": "5742932", "text": "Pillow have included Susan Jaffe, Amanda McKerrow, Chet Walker, Nikolaj Hubbe, Anna-Marie Holmes, Milton Myers, Katherine Dunham, Rennie Harris, Matt Mattox, Soledad Barrio, Tim Rushton, Finis Jhung, Martin Santangelo, Mercedes Ellington, Stephanie Saland, Victor Plotnikov, Annie-B Parson, Paul Lazar, Aszure Barton, Helen Pickett, Banu Ogan, Mr. Wiggles, Marjory Smarth, Dana Moore, and Ric Ryder. Alumni of The School include MacArthur Grant-winner Meredith Monk, choreographer Mia Michaels, former Alvin Ailey Dance Theater and Paul Taylor Dance Company principal Linda Kent, artistic director of the Royal Danish Ballet Nikolaj Hübbe, recent winner of FOX's television show \"So You Think You Can Dance\",", "title": "Jacob's Pillow Dance" }, { "id": "12281393", "text": "of July, to promote fitness through movement. This national dance day has been celebrated annually by the show since. Before the end of 2005, the year the series first premiered, its format had already been licensed for the first of a number foreign adaptations. To date, the resulting \"So You Think You Can Dance\" franchise has produced 28 shows representing 39 different countries and comprising more than 90 individual seasons. These adaptations have aired in Armenia, Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iraq, India, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lithuania, Malaysia, Morocco, the Netherlands, New", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "13051896", "text": "Ashlé Dawson Ashlé Dawson (born 14 July 1984) is an American choreographer, director, and dancer from Long Island, New York. Dawson was a Top 4 finalist on FOX's TV show \"So You Think You Can Dance\", after teaching for ten years. She then performed and worked internationally while remained based in Los Angeles. She appeared in MTV's \"MADE\" (Season 10, Ep.39) in August 2010 and performed with the Cirque Du Soleil in 2011. Dawson was dancing with Prince Royce. She has appeared with Don Omar, Victor Manuelle, Gloria Estefan, Andre 3000, Zion, Mickey Rooney, Olga Tannon, Flex, Wisin y Yandel,", "title": "Ashlé Dawson" }, { "id": "16626767", "text": "MC Thanh Bạch. The show's winner will receive 400 million đồng and a choice between several career advancement opportunities. The show will feature twenty-three episodes, and a format similar to that of the original U.S. series in season 2-8. The first season will begin with three open audition episodes in which dancers (both professional and amateur, from any stylistic background and of ages from 16 to 30) can attempt to impress a panel of judges with their ability and earn a spot amongst the Top 100 competitors in the Ho Chi Minh City Semi-finals, which will represent one episode. The", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Vietnam season 1)" }, { "id": "15834455", "text": "in the role. She played the role of Chava in the 2015 Broadway revival of Fiddler on the Roof until the show closed on December 31, 2016. She can currently be seen in the 2017 Broadway revival of Hello Dolly! as Ermengarde. Melanie Moore Melanie Moore (born September 17, 1991) is an American actress and professional dancer best known as the winner of the eighth season of the U.S. reality television competition \"So You Think You Can Dance\". According to the results announced on the broadcast, Moore won \"overwhelmingly\", garnering 47% of the vote in a four-way final tally. Moore", "title": "Melanie Moore" }, { "id": "13607463", "text": "September 9, 2009, both shows aired concurrently. Changes to the season included the winner receiving $100,000, the title of Canada's favourite dancer, and both the winner and runner-up both received a 2010 Mazda 3 Sport. Repeats of the performance and results show aired a week later on MuchMusic. On October 25, 2009, Tara-Jean Popowich was announced as \"Canada's Favourite Dancer\", winning the grand prize; the runner-up was Vincent Desjardins. Open auditions for this season were held in the following locations: The Top 2300 callbacks were held in the beginning of August 2009, at York University in Toronto, Ontario. 190 dancers", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada (season 2)" }, { "id": "12894784", "text": "also announced that Phillip Chbeeb and Caitlin Kinney would also be going on the tour as swing dancers since they made it to the top 12 before being cut. So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 5) So You Think You Can Dance is a United States television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox Broadcasting Company network. Season five premiered on May 21, 2009, with Nigel Lythgoe and Mary Murphy returning as permanent judges and Cat Deeley returning to host. Jeanine Mason was crowned America's Favorite Dancer on August 6, 2009, making her the second female", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 5)" }, { "id": "13809662", "text": "performer. The show does not have a specific type of dance, contestants can do what dance style they choose. However, they will be asked to learn other dances throughout the competition. The first dancer to win the title of \"Britain's Favourite Dancer\" was Charlie Bruce, who won in 2010. It was initially announced that season two would have Alexandra Burke as a guest judge throughout the auditions and choreographer camp, to pull in more of the viewing audience. However, it was later announced that all four judges from season one would return as the main judges. \"So You Think You", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK TV series)" }, { "id": "12281362", "text": "and New York, have featured in most seasons. During this stage, dancers perform a brief routine (typically a solo, but duet and group routines are allowed as well) before a panel of dance experts, usually headed by series creator and executive producer Nigel Lythgoe. This panel then decides on-the-spot whether the dancer demonstrated enough ability and performance value to proceed further. If the dancer exhibited exceptional ability in their performance, judges award \"a ticket to Vegas\" (or in more recent seasons \"a ticket to the Academy\"), moving them instantly one step forward in the competition. Alternatively, if judges are on", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "13059174", "text": "Quest Crew Quest Crew is an American hip-hop dance crew from Los Angeles, California who were declared winners of the third season of \"America's Best Dance Crew\". They made their first few appearances individually on shows like \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and at events such as Kollaboration 8 and World of Dance. They helped with the choreography for well-known artist LMFAO and have previously toured with them as well. On August 29, 2015, Quest Crew was declared all-star champions of Season 8 of \"America's Best Dance Crew\" (ABDC). This is the crew's second time being declared champion of", "title": "Quest Crew" }, { "id": "6194813", "text": "Nick Lazzarini Nick Lazzarini (born August 4, 1984) is an American dancer. He is best known as the first season winner on the Fox reality show \"So You Think You Can Dance\". He is a trained dancer in jazz, lyrical, hip hop, ballet and modern dance styles. Lazzarini was born to Italian American parents. Lazzarini grew up in Mountain View, California in the San Francisco Bay Area. He graduated from Springer Elementary in Mountain View, California and Blach Intermediate School in Los Altos, California. Lazzarini began attending Showbiz when he was 8 years old. In the early 2000s, he travelled", "title": "Nick Lazzarini" }, { "id": "13059192", "text": "crew that caused them to pull off their performance. Quest Crew Quest Crew is an American hip-hop dance crew from Los Angeles, California who were declared winners of the third season of \"America's Best Dance Crew\". They made their first few appearances individually on shows like \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and at events such as Kollaboration 8 and World of Dance. They helped with the choreography for well-known artist LMFAO and have previously toured with them as well. On August 29, 2015, Quest Crew was declared all-star champions of Season 8 of \"America's Best Dance Crew\" (ABDC). This", "title": "Quest Crew" }, { "id": "14053433", "text": "two winning positions. Smekens winning prize consisted off a dance study program of choice in America, €20.000, and a dance solo in the musical \"Hairspray\". The third season saw a third shake-up of the judges panel, which now consisted of returning judges Dan Karaty, Euvgenia Parakhina, and Jan Kooijman as well as new judge Marco Gerrits. An Lemmens and Dennis Weening continued in the role of co-hosts. Dancer Lorenzo van Velzen Bottazzi, one of the finalists of the second season who was prematurely forced to leave the show after he tore his knee ligaments during the first live show, was", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)" }, { "id": "16903796", "text": "Melinda Sullivan Melinda Sullivan (born September 30, 1987) is an American dancer, choreographer and actress. She is known for her work on the U.S. version of \"So You Think You Can Dance\", where she was a finalist in the television series' seventh season, and as the 2012 winner of the Capezio A.C.E. Award. That entry, \"Gone\", debuted in expanded form in New York in August 2013. Born in East Meadow, New York, and raised in Thousand Oaks, California, Sullivan began tap dancing at a studio at age four, turning professional at age 14. \"As a young girl, I found the", "title": "Melinda Sullivan" }, { "id": "10676513", "text": "April 2009. Fowler received $200,000 prize money, the title of \"Australia's Favourite Dancer\" and the opportunity to perform at the finale of America's version of So You Think You Can Dance, while Ben Veitch came 4th place, then Amy Campbell came 3rd place, while lastly Charlie Bartley was named runner-up. Nigel Lythgoe and Mary Murphy made separate appearances in this season as guest judges. The third season premiered on 31 January 2010. Robbie Kmetoni was announced the winner on 21 May 2010. Kmetoni received $200,000 prize money and the title of \"Australia's Favourite Dancer\". Furthermore, he will have the opportunity", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Australia" }, { "id": "12257281", "text": "Mona Berntsen Mona-Jeanette Berntsen (known as only \"Mona Berntsen\") is a Norwegian-Moroccan dancer currently on the Purpose World Tour with Justin Bieber. Mona is known for winning So You Think You Can Dance Scandinavia, and for working with artists such as Justin Timberlake, Alicia Keys and Chris Brown. Mona Berntsen was born and raised in Norway by a Moroccan mother and a father from Northern Norway. After having her dance career breakthrough as the winner of So You Think You Can Dance Scandinavia at the age of 18, Mona was signed by Bloc Agency and moved from Norway to Los", "title": "Mona Berntsen" }, { "id": "16288162", "text": "guest dance routines would be shown priority over guest musical acts. These above changes all proved to be in place once the season's performance shows began airing but were also accompanied by a number of other format tweaks. These additional changes most notably include the fact that the season will crown two winners (one male and one female) and that voting for individual dancers (as opposed to couples) began with the first week of the Top 20 competition with 1-855-GO-HIM## for the guys and 1-855-GO-HER## for the girls as opposed to halfway through the performance show phase, as in previous", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 9)" }, { "id": "7712791", "text": "2007, EliZe hosted the Dutch version of the TV show \"Kids Top 20\" and won a Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award for \"Best Singer\" while up against Netherlands' #1 singer Marco Borsato and Hilary Duff. In 2008 EliZe hosted the first season of the Dutch version of the internationally acclaimed TV show \"So You Think You Can Dance\". In 2009, EliZe was voted Holland's \"Most desirable single woman\" by winning the Single & Famous Award. Other songs by or with EliZe: EliZe Elise van der Horst (born 22 July 1982), better known as EliZe, is a Dutch singer. In 2010 she", "title": "EliZe" }, { "id": "12281360", "text": "produced for broadcast markets in other nations, began airing in August 2005, and dozens of localized adaptations of the show have been produced since, airing in 39 countries to date. The fifteenth and most recent season of the U.S. show aired from June 4 through September 10th, 2018. A typical season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\" is divided between a selection process, during which expert judges select competitors from a wide pool of applicant dancers, and a competition phase, during which these 'finalists' (more typically referred to as the 'Top 20') compete for votes from home viewers. Though", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "14345767", "text": "her own work without being linked to the show. \"Judges:\" Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Adam Shankman, Toni Redpath, Lil' C, Tyce Diorio Day 1 kicks off with individual solos, Day 2 is hip-hop, Day 3 is cha-cha, Day 4 is broadway, Day 5 is group routines, Day 6 is Contemporary, and the final day is individual solos. The Las Vegas callbacks were held at Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. Executive producer Nigel Lythgoe has stated numerous format changes for this season. Instead of naming a top 20 to compete in the finals, the show planned on", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 7)" }, { "id": "14798214", "text": "was called a \"club smash\" by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine. Her song \"Magic\" is featured in the YouTube television show Dance On. YouTube star Hannah Hart of My Drunk Kitchen fame learns to dance to the song from So You Think You Can Dance winner Lauren Froderman. Emii then released a five song EP \"Magic\" on iTunes . On October 26, 2010, Emii released her follow-up single, \"Mr. Romeo\" featuring rapper Snoop Dogg. She accompanied the release with a collection of remixes, including mixes by critically acclaimed DJs Seamus Haji and Mike Rizzo. A music video for \"Mr. Romeo\" featuring Snoop", "title": "Emii" }, { "id": "10263445", "text": "Vasilis Gkouletsas (Βασίλης Γκουλέτσας) <br> Maria Saridou (Μαρία Σαρίδου) <br> Iasonas Mandilas (Ιάσονας Μανδηλάς) <br> Edgar Avetikyan (Γιάννης) <br> Oleksandr Ponomarov (Αλέξανδρος)<br> Melani Milenova (Μέλανι Μιλένοβα) The winner of season two was Eva Somaraki (Εύα Σωμαρακάκη).<br> Top 4: Nefeli Theodotou, Paraskevas Theodosiou, Despina Lagoudaki Dance on television So You Think You Can Dance (Greek TV series) So You Think You Can Dance is a Greek dance competition show produced and aired by Mega Channel and based on the format of other shows in the So You Think You Can Dance television franchise. The first season was broadcast in 2007 following", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "13809675", "text": "the choreography camp, after Burke left the panel, John Barrowman was brought in as guest judge. Matt Flint was the winner of the series. So You Think You Can Dance (UK TV series) So You Think You Can Dance is a televised dance competition and reality show that launched in the United Kingdom in January 2010 with a format based on an American show by the same name. The show was broadcast on BBC One. The presentation of the show is similar to that of the \"Pop Idol\" series of singing competitions, also created by Simon Fuller and Nigel Lythgoe.", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK TV series)" }, { "id": "12081196", "text": "Mandy Moore (choreographer) Samantha Jo \"Mandy\" Moore (born March 28, 1976, in St. Louis, Missouri, and raised in Breckenridge, Colorado) is an American choreographer who is well known for her work on \"Dancing with the Stars\" and on \"So You Think You Can Dance\", having appeared on the show every year since the third season. Moore was nominated for Emmy Awards in 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014, and twice in 2017. She won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Choreography in 2017 for \"Dancing with the Stars\" (\"On Top of the World\" and \"Carol of the Bells\" from Season 23). She has", "title": "Mandy Moore (choreographer)" }, { "id": "12281366", "text": "final contestants are chosen from. Most seasons have featured 20 \"top\" finalists for the competition portion of the show, but season 1 was represented by a Top 16, season 7 saw a Top 11, and seasons 13 through 15 have featured a Top 10. Following the finalist selection process, the show transitions into its regular competition phase, which lasts the rest of the season. The competition stage is typically divided into eight weeks, generally with two contestants eliminated per week. Dancers are paired-up into male-female couples that will sometimes stay paired for much of the remaining competition if neither is", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "15709992", "text": "song played for the eliminated male contestants is \"Life After You\" by Daughtry. \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Rex Harrington, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Nico Archambault, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Sergio Trujillo, Dan Karaty \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Dan Karaty, Melissa Williams, Rex Harrington \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Stacey Tookey, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown,", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada (season 4)" }, { "id": "8541685", "text": "2 of \"So You Think You Can Dance\"; she won again in 2010 for her work on season 5. She was a main judge of So You Think You Can Dance together with Adam Shankman and Nigel Lythgoe for season 7. She choreographed the dance sequence of \"Get Happy\" in Season 7 Episode 15 of the \"House\" episode \"Bombshells\". Mia Michaels was born in Coconut Grove, Florida on February 23, 1966, to a family of dancers. Her father, Joe Michaels, taught her jazz, tap, and ballet from the age of three at the Miami Dance Center. Her sister, Dana Michaels,", "title": "Mia Michaels" }, { "id": "10332053", "text": "has her own line of tube socks as well as a dance wear line designed by Sugar and Bruno Dancewear collection. Schwimmer's debut single, \"Love Soundz\", was released June 21, 2011. Lacey Schwimmer grew up in a Mormon household in Redlands, California. Her parents are Laurie Kauffman and notable West Coast Swing dancer Buddy Schwimmer. She is the younger sister of Benji Schwimmer, winner of the second season of \"So You Think You Can Dance\". She is not related to actor David Schwimmer. Schwimmer has been training and dancing competitively since a young age. At age seven, she and partner", "title": "Lacey Schwimmer" }, { "id": "8344102", "text": "Travis Wall Travis Michael Wall (born September 16, 1987) is an American dancer, dance instructor, and choreographer specializing in contemporary dance and jazz dance. He is best known for his 2006 appearance as a competitor on the second season of the television show \"So You Think You Can Dance\", which airs on the Fox Network. As of 2012, he was a choreographer for the show. In 2011, he was nominated for an Emmy for his work on the show's seventh season and won the award for his work in Season 11. In 2012, he starred in the Oxygen reality show", "title": "Travis Wall" }, { "id": "13437957", "text": "Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Adam Shankman, Mia Michaels, Tyce Diorio, Debbie Allen The Las Vegas callbacks were held at Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. 152 dancers were invited to participate in the callback auditions. This number was cut to 38 dancers, before the announcement of the season's top 20 contestants. Las Vegas week included the following rounds, with cuts made after each: Dumlao replaced original Top 20 dancer Billy Bell, who had to withdraw from the competition due to illness. The elimination song for the women playing during the montage was \"Never Say Never\" by The", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 6)" }, { "id": "13607455", "text": "for this season were held in the following locations: \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Paul Becker, Kenny Ortega \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Rex Harrington, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Melissa Williams, Rex Harrington \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Dan Karaty, Mia Michaels \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Sean Cheesman, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Luther Brown, Blake McGrath \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown, Mary", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada (season 1)" }, { "id": "14147141", "text": "partner was contemporary dancer Drew McOnie. They danced together in week 2. In week 3, Newton got ballet dancer Alastair Poslethwaite, and she got eliminated together with Mark Calape. Chris Piper is a 26-year-old contemporary dancer from London. Show credits include the major successful 'Michael Flatley's Celtic Tiger Live' world tour. He was paired with broadway dancer Hayley Newton, but Piper got eliminated in week 1 together with Anabel Kutay. Alastair Postlethwaite is a 28-year-old classical ballet dancer from Preston. He is the only ballet dancer of the series. At the age of 11 he was accepted into The Royal", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK) Series 1 finalists" }, { "id": "14842145", "text": "Rex Harrington \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Luther Brown, Mia Michaels \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Melissa Williams \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Rex Harrington, Stacey Tookey \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Mia Michaels, Sean Cheesman \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown, Mary Murphy \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Dan Karaty, Karen Kain \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Sergio Trujillo, Rex Harrington \"Judges\": Jean-Marc Généreux, Tré Armstrong, Blake McGrath, Luther Brown, Sergio Trujillo, Rex Harrington, Mary Murphy, Mia Michaels So You Think You Can", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada (season 3)" }, { "id": "11615534", "text": "Allen was technically able to guest judge for the top six episode, but Adam Shankman was the guest judge instead. The song played for the females and males varied throughout the season. Every week, a different song was played. Contestants are in alphabetical order by last name, then in reverse chronological order of elimination. Jessica King suffered an injury that resulted in her being unable to continue in the competition. She was medically withdrawn, and Comfort Fedoke replaced her as she was the most recent female competitor eliminated.<br> Katee Shean was awarded $50,000 for being America's favorite female dancer. \"Judges\":", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 4)" }, { "id": "12894779", "text": "for this season were held in the following locations: \"Judges:\" Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Mia Michaels, Lil' C, Adam Shankman, Debbie Allen. The Las Vegas callbacks were held at Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. 172 dancers were invited to participate in the callback auditions. This number was cut to 32 dancers, 16 male and 16 female, before the announcement of the season's top 20 contestants. Las Vegas week included the following rounds, with cuts made after each: Contestants are listed in reverse chronological order of elimination. The song for the eliminated female contestants was \"Already Gone\"", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 5)" }, { "id": "16288158", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 9) So You Think You Can Dance, an American television dance competition, returned for its ninth season on May 24, 2012 on FOX Television. Fox and series creator Nigel Lythgoe have each independently confirmed that the weekly results show, a staple of the series in seasons 2-8, has been cut from the show format and that only one episode will air each week for the show's ninth season. This season has marked three firsts in the series history: this season had two winners (one male and one female), as opposed to the", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 9)" }, { "id": "11764748", "text": "awarded a brand new Mazda 2, and Drozdyuk received $100,000. The season 3 finale also saw the establishment of the So You Think You Can Dance Canada Top 4 Fund, where cash prizes would also be awarded to the three runners up: second place dancer Amanda Cleghorn received $10,000, and third place Jeffrey Mortensen and fourth place Janick Arseneau were each awarded $5,000. It was announced during the fifth week of competition in season three that the show has been renewed for a fourth season. Auditions took place in November and December 2010. The season premiere aired on CTV on", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance Canada" } ]	who won so you think uou can dance
[ "March 27, 2018" ]	[ { "id": "20437246", "text": "MLB The Show 18 MLB The Show 18 is a baseball video game by SIE San Diego Studio and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment, based on Major League Baseball (MLB). It is the thirteenth entry of the \"\" franchise, and was released worldwide on March 27, 2018, for PlayStation 4. Aaron Judge is featured as the cover star for the U.S. version, while Marcus Stroman is on the cover of the Canadian version. A limited number of people were invited to a closed alpha, which began on December 22, 2017, until December 26, 2017, to test the online servers. Those", "title": "MLB The Show 18" }, { "id": "20437250", "text": "the hardcore baseball fans that purchased the game early, it can be a nightmare.\" MLB The Show 18 MLB The Show 18 is a baseball video game by SIE San Diego Studio and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment, based on Major League Baseball (MLB). It is the thirteenth entry of the \"\" franchise, and was released worldwide on March 27, 2018, for PlayStation 4. Aaron Judge is featured as the cover star for the U.S. version, while Marcus Stroman is on the cover of the Canadian version. A limited number of people were invited to a closed alpha, which began", "title": "MLB The Show 18" }, { "id": "20437247", "text": "who pre-ordered the game received access to the game four days early, able to pick up their copy of the game on March 23, 2018. Matt Vasgersian, Dan Plesac and Mark DeRosa act as play-by-play commentators; DeRosa replaces Harold Reynolds, who was featured in the previous year's game. Mike Carlucci returns as public address commentator. \"MLB The Show 18\" received \"generally favorable\" reviews from critics, according to review aggregator Metacritic. Eddie Makuch of \"GameSpot\" gave the game 9/10, writing: \"Sony's flagship baseball franchise has never been better. With its best-in-class controls and visuals, and impeccable attention to detail for the", "title": "MLB The Show 18" }, { "id": "20413521", "text": "of the wild card. The game was widely publicized for its playoff implications. The game was aired nationally on ESPN \"Sunday Night Baseball\" and MLB Network. It was aired in Spanish on ESPN Deportes. The game was broadcast on ESPN Radio and Westwood One. It was streamed world-wide on ESPN.com and the ESPN app, as well as multiple streaming-based websites such as Hulu. 2018 MLB Little League Classic The 2018 MLB Little League Classic was a regular season Major League Baseball (MLB) game that was played on August 19, 2018, in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, during the 2018 MLB season and the", "title": "2018 MLB Little League Classic" }, { "id": "15157553", "text": "was released on February 22, featuring a minimum four inning day game rematch of 2010 World Series (game can go into extra innings), between the Texas Rangers and San Francisco Giants at AT&T Park. New to the MLB 11 The Show broadcast booth is former Los Angeles Dodgers first baseman Eric Karros—replacing Rex Hudler—who joins franchise veterans Matt Vasgersian and Dave Campbell to complete the three man crew. However, Hudler is retained in the PS2 version. The PlayStation 3 version received \"universal acclaim\", while the PlayStation 2 and PSP versions received \"generally favorable reviews\", according to the review aggregation website", "title": "MLB 11: The Show" }, { "id": "13558948", "text": "MLB Tonight MLB Tonight is the signature program that airs on MLB Network and is simulcast on MLB Network Radio. The show offers complete coverage of all Major League Baseball games from 6pm ET till 1am ET during the regular season, and gives news from all 30 MLB teams during the offseason. It is taped live in Studio 3 of the MLB Network facility in Secaucus, New Jersey, but also features segments taped in Studio 42. The program aired from the beginning of Spring Training to the end of the World Series and was replaced in the offseason by \"Hot", "title": "MLB Tonight" }, { "id": "20437248", "text": "small stuff, \"MLB The Show 18\" is worth catching for any baseball fan.\" Writing for IGN, Caley Roark gave it an 8.5/10 and said, \"The strength of the \"MLB The Show\" series has always been its authentic gameplay, which traditionally does a fantastic job capturing the essence of baseball. The 2018 version of \"The Show\" continues that trend, creating the most realistic baseball game to date. However, the nuanced gameplay and visual changes don't quite make up for the lack of innovation – or removal – of \"MLB The Show\"s core modes.\" Michael Goroff of \"Electronic Gaming Monthly\" gave the", "title": "MLB The Show 18" }, { "id": "5759797", "text": "Major League Baseball schedule The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months—a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season runs from late March/early April to late September/early October, followed by the postseason which can run to early November. The season begins with the official Opening Day, and, as of 2018, runs 26½ weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside", "title": "Major League Baseball schedule" }, { "id": "16327305", "text": "MLB: The Show MLB: The Show is a Major League Baseball video game series produced by SIE San Diego Studio, a development team that is part of SCE Worldwide Studios. The series debuted in 2006 with \"\" for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. There has been a new release in the series every year since 2006, and since \"\" in 2007, every game released has also been available for the PlayStation 3, until the release of MLB 17: The Show. \"\", which was released in March 2012, is also the first game in the series to not be available", "title": "MLB: The Show" }, { "id": "20282504", "text": "regular season games were broadcast exclusively in the United States on Facebook Watch, beginning with the April 4 game between the New York Mets and Philadelphia Phillies. 2018 Major League Baseball season The 2018 Major League Baseball season began on March 29, 2018. The regular season ended on October 1, extended a day for tiebreaker games to decide the winners of the National League Central and National League West divisions. The postseason began on October 2. The 2018 World Series began on October 23, and ended on October 28 with the Boston Red Sox defeating the Los Angeles Dodgers in", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "20413520", "text": "2018 MLB Little League Classic The 2018 MLB Little League Classic was a regular season Major League Baseball (MLB) game that was played on August 19, 2018, in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, during the 2018 MLB season and the 2018 Little League World Series. The game was played between the New York Mets and the Philadelphia Phillies. It was televised on ESPN's \"Sunday Night Baseball\" and MLB Network, and it also aired on ESPN Radio. On August 20, 2017, the first MLB Little League Classic was held as the Pirates beat the Cardinals, 6–3. Both teams entered the game within six games", "title": "2018 MLB Little League Classic" }, { "id": "12825818", "text": "MLB 09: The Show MLB 09: The Show is a baseball simulation video game developed by SCE San Diego Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, and PlayStation Portable systems. It belongs to the Major League Baseball game series on the PlayStation systems. \" MLB 09: The Show\" is the fourth edition of the \"MLB: The Show\" series. \"MLB 09: The Show\" improves and adds many features to the previous \"08\" edition. The franchise and career modes are improved with \"Road to the Show 3.0\", which updated the popular mode with an all-new steal", "title": "MLB 09: The Show" }, { "id": "20282490", "text": "to play Opening Day, March 29 – the earliest domestic start of a regular season in league history until the 2019 season. The Sunday night game before the All-Star Game was replaced by a single, nationally-televised game on the Thursday after the All-Star Game (which for 2018, was played between the St. Louis Cardinals and Chicago Cubs), before all other teams returned from break the next day. The Minnesota Twins and the Cleveland Indians played a two-game series at Hiram Bithorn Stadium in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on April 17 and 18, while the Los Angeles Dodgers and San Diego", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "20282502", "text": "games for the last 13 weeks of the regular season. Fox and ESPN Sunday Night Baseball telecasts were exclusive; all other national telecasts were subject to local blackout. TBS televised the American League Wild Card Game, Division Series and televised the Championship Series. ESPN televised the National League Wild Card, along with the National League West and Central tie-breaker games. FS1 and MLB Network televised the National League Division Series. Fox and FS1 will televise the National League Championship Series. The World Series will air exclusively on Fox for the 19th consecutive year. On September 6, Fox Sports Detroit suspended", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "11288037", "text": "as Nomar Garciaparra's ritual of adjusting his batting gloves), and normal game animations. Rex Hudler, Matt Vasgersian and Dave Campbell returned for the third straight season, acting as the in-game broadcasters. Mike Carlucci does the P.A. Announcing. Also other famous stadiums and arenas are added in the background. At Jacobs Field in Cleveland, Quicken Loans Arena home of the Cleveland Cavaliers can be seen. At Safeco Field in Seattle, CenturyLink Field home of the Seattle Seahawks can be seen. At Comerica Park in Detroit, Ford Field home of the Detroit Lions can be seen. And at Shea Stadium in New", "title": "MLB 08: The Show" }, { "id": "19191614", "text": "MLB The Show 16 MLB The Show 16 is a Major League Baseball video game developed by Sony San Diego and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the eleventh entry of the \"\" franchise, and was released on March 29, 2016, for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4. It is the first \"MLB: The Show\" entry to not have a portable version, and is the final version available for PlayStation 3. Toronto Blue Jays third baseman and 2015 American League MVP Josh Donaldson is the main cover athlete for the game. He also appears on the separate Canadian cover edition,", "title": "MLB The Show 16" }, { "id": "19806261", "text": "MLB The Show 17 MLB The Show 17 is a baseball video game developed by Sony San Diego and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment, based on Major League Baseball (MLB). It is the twelfth edition of the \"\" franchise, and was released on March 28, 2017, for PlayStation 4. The American cover features Ken Griffey Jr., while Aaron Sanchez is the cover athlete for the Canadian version, and Wei-Yin Chen is on the Taiwanese cover. \"MLB The Show 17\", like the previous games in the series, is based on the sport of baseball; more specifically, it simulates the experience of", "title": "MLB The Show 17" }, { "id": "9336574", "text": "MLB 07: The Show MLB 07: The Show, produced by SCE San Diego Studio, is a baseball video game for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2 and PSP. It is the only first-party MLB-licensed video game for the season, and the only baseball game available for the PlayStation systems aside from Major League Baseball 2K7. New York Mets 2007 All-Star third baseman David Wright is featured on the cover. The three-man team of announcers once again include Rex Hudler, Matt Vasgersian and Dave Campbell. \"MLB 07: The Show\" makes the transition to next-gen with a suite of advanced features in its race", "title": "MLB 07: The Show" }, { "id": "19806266", "text": "live updated 2017 Topps player cards. On December 3, 2016, \"MLB The Show 17\" was announced with a trailer for the game that showed the games release date along with new features. It was released worldwide on March 28, 2017, for PlayStation 4. This was the first time since \"\" that the game was not released for the PlayStation 3. There were four different versions of the game to purchase: Standard Edition, MVP Edition, Hall of Fame Edition, and Digital Deluxe Edition. If players purchase the Hall of Fame Edition of the game, they receive the Steel Book case cover,", "title": "MLB The Show 17" }, { "id": "20282501", "text": "50th anniversary of their winning the 1968 World Series title. This was the fifth year of the current eight-year deals with Fox Sports, ESPN and TBS. Fox aired eight weeks of baseball on Saturday Nights leading up to the 2018 Major League Baseball All-Star Game which also aired on Fox. Fox also televised Saturday afternoon games for the last four weeks of the regular season. FS1 televised games on Tuesday and on Saturdays both during the afternoon and night. ESPN televised games on its flagship telecast \"Sunday Night Baseball\" as well as Monday and Wednesday Nights. TBS televised Sunday afternoon", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "16765054", "text": "of that year. Nick's song, \"This Is A Game\" was featured in the popular PlayStation game, \"MLB 14: The Show \" which was released in April & May 2014 on the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 & PlayStation Vita game console's. Sony Computer Entertainment is the maker of the MLB The Show Game franchises. Waterhouse's third studio album \"Never Twice\" was released on September 30, 2016. In January 2018, Nick Waterhouse entered the studio to begin recording his fourth studio album. His song \"Katchi\" was remixed by the French duo Ofenbach (DJs) and reached #1 in the French charts. Nick Waterhouse", "title": "Nick Waterhouse" }, { "id": "16327307", "text": "that team in gameplay. The Series has variable game modes in which a player takes control of a team for a single game, one season, or a franchise (multiple seasons). MLB: The Show MLB: The Show is a Major League Baseball video game series produced by SIE San Diego Studio, a development team that is part of SCE Worldwide Studios. The series debuted in 2006 with \"\" for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. There has been a new release in the series every year since 2006, and since \"\" in 2007, every game released has also been available for", "title": "MLB: The Show" }, { "id": "14189192", "text": "MLB 10: The Show MLB 10: The Show is a baseball simulation video game created by Sony Computer Entertainment's San Diego division. The MLB: The Show series of video games is the longest officially licensed baseball simulation game on the PlayStation. The game is made for Sony's own PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2, and PlayStation Portable. It is the direct successor to \"\", and was released on March 2, 2010. The game presents a number of new features, including catcher mode, and Home Run Derby. Joe Mauer, the catcher for the Minnesota Twins, appears on the cover of \"MLB 10: The", "title": "MLB 10: The Show" }, { "id": "7393737", "text": "its teams open the 2011 season on a Thursday (March 31) or Friday (April 1) rather than the traditional Monday, in order to prevent the World Series from extending into November. Similarly, most teams opened the 2012 season on Thursday (April 5) or Friday (April 6). However, subsequent seasons through 2017 returned to Monday openers for most teams. For the 2018 season, all 30 teams were scheduled to open the season on Thursday, March 29 (the earliest domestic start for a regular season in MLB history, and the first time since 1968 that all major league teams were scheduled to", "title": "Opening Day" }, { "id": "11288035", "text": "Show\" was developed by Sony Computer Entertainment America's SCEA San Diego Studios development team, and is part of the \"MLB The Show\" series of video games. The predecessor to this game was \"\". SCEA San Diego Studios wanted to improve on the realism of \"MLB 07: The Show\", and added new animations, realistic animations for specific players, and better gameplay physics to improve on \"MLB 07: The Show\". In an interview, Scott Rohde, a member SCEA San Diego Studios, said \"Baseball fans know that the MLB franchise has been met with critical acclaim and has a long-standing winning tradition.\"MLB 08:", "title": "MLB 08: The Show" }, { "id": "17651982", "text": "MLB 14: The Show MLB 14: The Show is a baseball video game developed and published by Sony Computer Entertainment, based on Major League Baseball (MLB). It is the ninth entry of the \"\" franchise. Announced on November 4, 2013, the game was released on April 1, 2014 for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita. The PlayStation 4 version was released on May 6, 2014. Detroit Tigers first baseman Miguel Cabrera is the featured athlete on the cover. As with the previous two entries, Canada has a unique cover, with Toronto Blue Jays third baseman Brett Lawrie on the cover.", "title": "MLB 14: The Show" }, { "id": "5759814", "text": "four teams in the opposing division. This was done in 2015 and 2018, and will next occur in 2021. Under the new collective bargaining agreement reached in December 2016, several changes were done to the scheduling pattern for the 2018 season. The overall length of the season has been extended to 187 days with the addition of four off-days for all teams. All teams will play on Opening Day, which for 2018 will be held on March 29. \"Sunday Night Baseball\" will no longer be played on the final Sunday before the All-Star Game, in order to ease travel time", "title": "Major League Baseball schedule" }, { "id": "3155933", "text": "on the Fox broadcast network when the new deal takes effect. Fox also committed to airing at least two of its League Championship Series games, as well as any game 7, on the broadcast network beginning in 2019; it had been criticized for airing only game 2 of the 2018 National League Championship Series, while placing the rest on Fox Sports 1. Major League Baseball games not broadcast exclusively by its national media partners are televised by local broadcast stations and regional sports networks, which present sports programming of interest to their respective region. Most MLB broadcasters are members of", "title": "Major League Baseball on television" }, { "id": "11333736", "text": "it airs and different games that it broadcast live. MLB Strike Zone is a channel that launched on April 10, 2012 that allows viewers to see every game across MLB, with up-to-the-minute highlights, and live look-ins and updates, without commercials, in a similar format to NFL RedZone. The channel currently airs on Tuesday and Friday nights during the regular season. Matt Yallof is the current host of the show, which usually lasts about three hours. One criticism of the show is that west coast games often get sparse coverage due to the time zone difference. The Secaucus-based studios have two", "title": "MLB Network" }, { "id": "3155932", "text": "of Fox and TBS splitting coverage of the Division Series, which TBS has broadcast exclusively dating back to 2007. More importantly, Fox would carry some of the games (such as the Saturday afternoon \"Game of the Week\") on its all-sports channel, Fox Sports 1. Sources also said that was possible that Fox would sell some Division Series games to MLB Network, which did end up occurring. On November 15, 2018, Fox renewed its rights, set to expire in 2022, through 2028. The contract maintains Fox's current coverage structure, but with expanded digital rights, and the commitment to air more games", "title": "Major League Baseball on television" }, { "id": "18474625", "text": "Metacritic based on 37 reviews. The PlayStation Vita version holds a 71% score on GameRankings. Before the game's initial release, Sony did not provide review copies of the game for critical reviews. According to a Sony representative, the reason for the delay was \"due to this year's flagship Universal Rewards feature, which will require active servers to function.\" Review copies were distributed on the public release date, March 31. MLB 15: The Show MLB 15: The Show is a Major League Baseball video game developed by Sony San Diego and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the tenth entry", "title": "MLB 15: The Show" }, { "id": "18474624", "text": "well as equipment, sponsorships or stadiums. Other features include a new \"Community Market\" where players can buy and sell cards using Stubs. On December 6, 2014, it was announced that Los Angeles Dodgers outfielder Yasiel Puig will be on the game's American cover. On February 5, 2015, it was announced that Toronto Blue Jays catcher Russell Martin will feature on the Canadian retail release of the game's cover. \"MLB 15: The Show\" received \"generally favorable\" reviews upon release. The PlayStation 4 version of the game received an aggregated score of 81% on GameRankings based on 29 reviews and 80/100 on", "title": "MLB 15: The Show" }, { "id": "11288025", "text": "MLB 08: The Show MLB 08: The Show is a baseball simulation video game developed by SCE San Diego Studio published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, and PlayStation Portable systems. It is the longest-running officially licensed Major League Baseball game series on the PlayStation systems. \"MLB 08: The Show\" is the third edition of the \"MLB: The Show\" series of video games. The game was announced for all three PlayStation consoles on December 11, 2007, and released on March 4, 2008 in North America. Ryan Howard, all-star first baseman for the Philadelphia Phillies, is featured", "title": "MLB 08: The Show" }, { "id": "10485993", "text": "He had suffered the injury during a start against the Baltimore Orioles two days earlier. Happ ended up missing six weeks of the 2017 season. On March 20, 2018, it was announced by Blue Jays manager John Gibbons that Happ would be the Opening Day starter. The Blue Jays would lose the game 6–1 to the New York Yankees. Happ was named to the 2018 MLB All-Star Game. He played the tenth inning of the game and earned the save for the American League. On July 26, 2018, the Blue Jays traded Happ to the New York Yankees in exchange", "title": "J. A. Happ" }, { "id": "15157552", "text": "notably been removed from the PlayStation 3 version despite being in the earlier PS2 installments, such as the bullpen meter that states whether or not a relief pitcher is warmed up. The PlayStation Portable version features tweaked artificial intelligence, the updated Road to the Show, revamped animation, and a Rivalry Mode, as well as updated rosters. This is the last game in the series to be produced for the PlayStation Portable. For the second year in a row, Minnesota Twins catcher Joe Mauer is the cover athlete. In 2012, he was replaced by Adrian Gonzalez and José Bautista. A demo", "title": "MLB 11: The Show" }, { "id": "18474622", "text": "MLB 15: The Show MLB 15: The Show is a Major League Baseball video game developed by Sony San Diego and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the tenth entry of the \"\" franchise, and was released on March 31, 2015, for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita. Matt Vasgersian, Eric Karros, and Steve Lyons return as commentators. Mike Carlucci returns as public address announcer. Legends can be used as free agents in the Franchise and Season modes in the game. The game adds licensed equipment, including fielding gloves, batting gloves, cleats and bats. Players who purchased \"\"", "title": "MLB 15: The Show" }, { "id": "20282487", "text": "2018 Major League Baseball season The 2018 Major League Baseball season began on March 29, 2018. The regular season ended on October 1, extended a day for tiebreaker games to decide the winners of the National League Central and National League West divisions. The postseason began on October 2. The 2018 World Series began on October 23, and ended on October 28 with the Boston Red Sox defeating the Los Angeles Dodgers in five games to win their ninth World Series championship. The 89th Major League Baseball All-Star Game was held on July 17 at Nationals Park, the home of", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "11288041", "text": "was \"much more varied this year, i.e. there are far fewer of those hit-a-homer-or-fail objectives, and more small-ball, hit-and-run-type scenarios.\" However, \"USA Today\" gave the same console version seven out of ten, saying that it \"isn't going to wow you with unique controls or powerful graphic[s]. But it provides a smooth, consistent baseball experience.\" MLB 08: The Show MLB 08: The Show is a baseball simulation video game developed by SCE San Diego Studio published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, and PlayStation Portable systems. It is the longest-running officially licensed Major League Baseball game series", "title": "MLB 08: The Show" }, { "id": "20455560", "text": "in August, attended by a record 72,317 spectators; Atlanta became the third city to host both an MLS Cup and an All-Star Game in the same season. The stadium hosted the 2018 SEC Championship Game, a regional college football championship, a week before the MLS Cup final on December 1, and is set to host Super Bowl LIII, the NFL's championship game, in February 2019. The eight state championship high school football games were originally scheduled to take place over the weekend, but were postponed to December 11–12 by the Georgia High School Association, who had prepared a backup date.", "title": "MLS Cup 2018" }, { "id": "16316271", "text": "of the 2017 season, TSN holds exclusive rights to all Toronto FC games. In the 2018 season, the out of market digital service MLS Live was discontinued in Canada. Out-of-market games will instead be streamed by DAZN as part of its service, with live and on-demand coverage of all-U.S. matches, and on a 48-hour delay for matches featuring Canadian teams. † ESPN Deportes and Fox Deportes will simulcast all 34+ ESPN and ESPN2 games and Fox Sports 1 and Fox games respectively, except the MLS Cup final and MLS All-Star Game †† English language rights for the MLS Cup Final", "title": "Major League Soccer on television" }, { "id": "19539167", "text": "1) has been shown on March 3. An English dub of the show premiered December 15, 2017 on Disney Channel Asia. It also premiered on Nickelodeon Sonic in India on July 16, 2018; however it was abruptly taken off the schedule nearly two weeks later for unknown reasons, with the last few episodes remaining to be aired. But in mid-November 2018, the new episodes were aired on Nick HD+ and the entire season was finished on November 18, 2018. The first episode of Season 2 was broadcast September 22, 2017, with episode two, three and four shown on September 29.", "title": "Ejen Ali" }, { "id": "15157548", "text": "MLB 11: The Show MLB 11: The Show is a Major League Baseball video game published by Sony Computer Entertainment and developed by Sony San Diego. The game was released on March 8, 2011 for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 2. The game includes all 30 MLB teams, rosters, and stadiums from the 2011 season. This is the final installment available for the PlayStation 2 and the PSP. \"MLB 11: The Show\" features the Pure Analog Control System, which includes analog controls for hitting, pitching, and fielding. Pure Hitting allows the player to stride and swing using the", "title": "MLB 11: The Show" }, { "id": "20455559", "text": "stadium was opened in 2017 and is used by Atlanta United FC as well as the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). The stadium features an artificial turf field, a cylindrical video screen, and a retractable roof. Mercedes-Benz Stadium has a maximum capacity of 71,000, but is downsized to 42,500 for most MLS matches. Atlanta set the league's average attendance record of 53,002 in 2018, as well as the overall single-match attendance records for a regular season match (72,243 in July 2018) and a playoff match (70,526 in November 2018). It also hosted the 2018 MLS All-Star Game", "title": "MLS Cup 2018" }, { "id": "5759799", "text": "(except in the instance of making up a postponed game); instead they play games on several consecutive days in the same ballpark. Most often the series are of three or four games, but two-game series are also scheduled. Teams play one mid-week series and one weekend series per week. Depending on the length of the series, mid-week series games are usually scheduled between Monday and Thursday, while weekend games are scheduled between Thursday and Monday. Beginning in 2018, teams start and end their season on a weekend for a total of 26½ weeks. Due to the mid-week all-star break in", "title": "Major League Baseball schedule" }, { "id": "17651984", "text": "enough quality game modes to occupy and entertain me for the entire season, but there are few exciting new features, and online is currently a very laggy experience.\" Jack DeVries of GameSpot gave the game an 8/10, and commented \"The presentation in The Show remains stellar, offering lively, informative commentary that holds more humor than you might expect.\" The PlayStation 4 version of the game became the fastest-selling entry in the series to date within the first week of the game's release on the platform. MLB 14: The Show MLB 14: The Show is a baseball video game developed and", "title": "MLB 14: The Show" }, { "id": "20455562", "text": "bringing the full away allotment to 1,700—an MLS Cup record. The Timbers also sent a \"victory log\" and mascot Timber Joey to Atlanta for the cup. The MLS Cup final was broadcast in English by Fox in the United States and TSN in Canada. UniMás and Univision Deportes carried the Spanish broadcast in the United States, while TVA Sports carried the French broadcast in Canada. Fox's broadcast was lead by play-by-play announcer John Strong, color analyst Stuart Holden, and sideline reporter Katie Witham. The pre-match show was anchored by Rob Stone, Alexi Lalas, and Maurice Edu, with guest appearances from", "title": "MLS Cup 2018" }, { "id": "13922230", "text": "the on-field commentator during TBS's coverage of the 2018 American League Championship Series. Lauren Shehadi Julia Lauren Shehadi (born May 23, 1983), known professionally as Lauren Shehadi, is an American sportscaster for the MLB Network. Shehadi attended Langley High School in McLean, Virginia, graduating in 2001. In college at the University of Florida she served as the host of the online \"Gatorzone\". She also worked as an intern for \"The Best Damn Sports Show Period\" and as a sports anchor for KXMC-TV in Minot, North Dakota. Shehadi worked for CBSSports.com and CBS College Sports Network. In addition to serving as", "title": "Lauren Shehadi" }, { "id": "20822466", "text": "2019 Major League Baseball season The 2019 Major League Baseball season will begin on March 20 and is scheduled to end on September 29. The postseason will begin on October 1. The World Series is set to begin on October 22 and a potential Game 7 will be played on October 30 if necessary. The entire schedule was released on August 22, 2018. The 90th Major League Baseball All-Star Game will be held on July 9 at Progressive Field, home of the Cleveland Indians. As has been the case since 2013, teams were scheduled to play 19 against each division", "title": "2019 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "17651983", "text": "Matt Vasgersian, Eric Karros, and Steve Lyons did the play-by-play action. Mike Carlucci returned as P.A. Announcer. In March 2015, Sony announced the multiplayer support of the game would be shut down on June 18, 2015. Matt Beaudette of Hardcore Gamer gave the game a 4/5, calling it \"excellent\", going onto say that \"it seems quite apparent most of the work on this year’s game went into getting it up and running on the PS4 with shiny new graphics.\" Ryan McCaffrey of IGN gave the game an 8.1/10, saying it was \"yet again, a stellar baseball simulation that's packed with", "title": "MLB 14: The Show" }, { "id": "20282492", "text": "played to determine postseason seeding, as both the National League Central and National League West divisions ended the 162-game regular season schedule with two teams tied for first. Both games were played on October 1, with the winning teams advancing to the 2018 National League Division Series and the losers facing off in the Wild Card Game. The Brewers beat the Cubs for the NL Central division title, and the West was won by the Dodgers over the Rockies. <section begin=Bracket /> <section end=Bracket /> The Detroit Tigers modified the Olde English 'D' on the home jersey to match the", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "20245544", "text": "2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby The 2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby was a home run hitting contest between eight batters from Major League Baseball (MLB). The derby was held on July 16, 2018, at Nationals Park in Washington, D.C., the site of the 2018 MLB All-Star Game. On July 11, the participants were announced. Bryce Harper was the winner, as he beat Kyle Schwarber, in the final 19–18, winning the derby in front of his hometown crowd. He tied Schwarber on the last pitch as time expired in regulation; then won it with 16 seconds left", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby" }, { "id": "16316268", "text": "The MLS Live service will be discontinued, as ESPN will stream out-of-market matches on its upcoming subscription service ESPN+. In the meantime, MLS Live was temporarily made available for free until the launch of ESPN+. Twitter replaced Facebook as the English streaming rightsholder for Univision's games under a three-year deal. The 2018 season also saw significant developments in regional broadcast rights, as Chicago Fire SC and newly-established Los Angeles FC chose to sell their regional television rights exclusively to subscription streaming services (the aforementioned ESPN+, and YouTube TV, respectively), rather than a local broadcaster or regional sports network. Several teams", "title": "Major League Soccer on television" }, { "id": "20282497", "text": "uniforms. The event was held August 24 to 26, again coinciding with the final weekend of the Little League World Series. The Royals wore Spanish-language \"Los Reales\" uniforms September 1. The Orioles wore Braille uniforms September 18 to mark the 40th anniversary of the National Federation of the Blind's headquarters moving to Baltimore. They became the first pro sports team ever to wear such uniforms. The uniforms had the name \"Orioles\" in Braille, and the players' last names were in Braille. The Phillies will wear their 1980s powder blue uniforms for select Thursday home games. The Athletics and White Sox", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "16932577", "text": "MLB 13: The Show MLB 13: The Show is a Major League Baseball video game which was published by Sony Computer Entertainment and developed by Sony San Diego. The game was released in March 2013 for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita. It is the second installment of the series to be fully compatible with PlayStation Move. The play-by play is done once again by Matt Vasgersian and Eric Karros along with a new commentator, Steve Lyons. The American cover features Andrew McCutchen of the Pittsburgh Pirates. José Bautista, of the Toronto Blue Jays is on the Canadian cover. An", "title": "MLB 13: The Show" }, { "id": "15429477", "text": "Paul Severino Paul Severino (born October 5, 1983) is an American sportscaster and studio host appearing across MLB Network's programming, including \"MLB Tonight\", MLB Network's Emmy Award-winning daily studio show. Severino joined MLB Network in January 2011. He was hired to be the new TV play by play voice of the Miami Marlins for Fox Sports Florida in 2018. In addition to his studio work, Severino has done play-by-play for many MLB Network game telecasts, including the Arizona Fall League, the Triple-A All-Star Game, the Under Armour All-American Game and the Urban Invitational. Prior to MLB Network, Severino served as", "title": "Paul Severino" }, { "id": "15157550", "text": "There is also a Challenge of the Week online feature, which will include 2-3 minute single player online gameplay, which will be supported by leader boards and prizes awarded in three tiers. The fifth generation of Road to The Show adds a new interactive slider set to the Create Player process, new training modes triggered by the Player Performance Evaluator, Minor League substitution logic improvements, advancement system improvements that now compares a player's stats to their competition in the organization, and the new No Assist Fielding option. \"MLB 11: The Show\" also includes stereoscopic 3D functionality, a customizable camera editor,", "title": "MLB 11: The Show" }, { "id": "2685149", "text": "is also a strong supporter of the Alzheimer's Association, New York City Chapter. His mother, Jacqueline Hernandez, suffered from Alzheimer's for nine years before dying in 1989. Hernandez won two 2010 New York Emmys. He won an individual award for Sports Analyst and as part of the SNY Mets broadcast team which won the \"Live Sports Event: Series 2009 Mets: The Inaugural Year of Citi Field\" award. Hernandez joined the MLB on Fox broadcast team as a studio analyst for the 2017 MLB postseason. On August 15, 2018 Hernandez asserted that Jose Urena of the Miami Marlins was justified to", "title": "Keith Hernandez" }, { "id": "19721949", "text": "The series officially premiered on September 23, 2017, coinciding with the original show's 30th anniversary. On May 1, 2018, the show moved to the Disney Channel, with new episodes airing on Fridays beginning May 4, 2018. In Canada, the pilot premiered on Disney XD on August 12 and the full series started on September 23, 2017. In Australia and New Zealand, the show premiered on Disney Channel on October 13, 2017. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the pilot premiered on Disney Channel on November 4, 2017. The full series debuted on March 1, 2018 on Disney XD. In Indonesia,", "title": "DuckTales (2017 TV series)" }, { "id": "20455563", "text": "U.S. national team manager Gregg Berhalter and MLS commissioner Don Garber. Fox used a total of 26 cameras for its broadcast, including a new corner flag camera, similar to end zone pylon cameras used in American football broadcasts. UniMás's broadcast was anchored by play-by-play commentators Raúl Guzmán and José Luis López Salido, alongside color analysts Diego Balado and Marcelo Balboa. The match was also broadcast on the SiriusXM satellite radio network, with commentary from Joe Tolleson, Tony Meola, and Brian Dunseth. The MLS Cup final was broadcast on television in over 170 countries, mainly on Eurosport and Fox Sports Latin", "title": "MLS Cup 2018" }, { "id": "19135847", "text": "be joined by fellow Fox colleagues Terry Bradshaw and Howie Long. In previous seasons, Buck did not call any NFL games during late October, working Major League Baseball playoff games instead. For 2018, Fox coordinated its schedule with MLB so that none of its scheduled broadcasts would land on a Thursday (Fox carries the NLCS and the World Series), so Buck will continue to broadcast both sports, crisscrossing the country in seven cities over a 22-day period. In addition, NBC will introduce a new studio team for \"Football Night in America\". Mike Tirico, who was the on-site host and secondary", "title": "2018 NFL season" }, { "id": "20359216", "text": "5 and 6. With a tie for the worst record in the 2017 MLB season at 64–98, the Detroit Tigers received the first overall pick ahead of the San Francisco Giants via a tiebreaker. The Detroit Tigers selected Casey Mize with the first overall pick in the draft. There were a total of 40 rounds in the draft, with 1,214 players selected. 2018 Major League Baseball draft The 2018 Major League Baseball (MLB) First-Year Player Draft began on June 4, 2018. The draft assigned amateur baseball players to MLB teams. The draft order was determined based on the reverse order", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball draft" }, { "id": "2785653", "text": "it as the broadcaster which holds the rights in a given year (which is rotated annually among the broadcast networks that hold rights to the league's regular season and playoff games) can make hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue from advertising sales alone. Major League Baseball (MLB) has been televised on U.S. television since the inception of the medium, most notably by way of a \"Game of the Week\" that has usually aired on Saturdays on various broadcasters since 1954. The National Hockey League (NHL), in contrast, was much slower to embrace television, due to its initially regional nature", "title": "Television in the United States" }, { "id": "20245547", "text": "be declared the winner; thereafter, sudden death swings will occur until the tie is broken. 2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby The 2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby was a home run hitting contest between eight batters from Major League Baseball (MLB). The derby was held on July 16, 2018, at Nationals Park in Washington, D.C., the site of the 2018 MLB All-Star Game. On July 11, the participants were announced. Bryce Harper was the winner, as he beat Kyle Schwarber, in the final 19–18, winning the derby in front of his hometown crowd. He tied Schwarber on", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby" }, { "id": "8047675", "text": "In association with HB Studios, MLB.com has also developed recent R.B.I. Baseball installments. MLB.tv is an American subscription based audio and video service which through two different service tiers allows users to listen and watch HD quality out of market Major League Baseball games live via a high-speed Internet connection (subject to blackout restrictions). Currently users can subscribe to the \"MLB.tv All Teams\" package which access to every MLB teams live feeds as well as in-game highlights and stats and live DVR control, full game archives and pitch widget. The other option, the \"MLB.tv Single Team\" gives subscribers access to", "title": "MLB.com" }, { "id": "14189193", "text": "Show\". Mauer was also the 2009 American League MVP. The PlayStation 3 version received \"universal acclaim\", while the PSP version received \"generally favorable reviews\", according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. The PlayStation 2 version of the game sold almost 200,000 copies. MLB 10: The Show MLB 10: The Show is a baseball simulation video game created by Sony Computer Entertainment's San Diego division. The MLB: The Show series of video games is the longest officially licensed baseball simulation game on the PlayStation. The game is made for Sony's own PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2, and PlayStation Portable. It is the", "title": "MLB 10: The Show" }, { "id": "9336576", "text": "game based on the individual strengths and weaknesses of each pitcher as well as analyze tendencies of batters. Gamers will now have the ability to either trust the pitches called by the catcher or shake them off. \"MLB 07: The Show\" also delivers a robust online feature set, including Online League Play, which offers the ability to set up customizable leagues with up to 30 teams, complete with full stat tracking, point benefits and rewards. The game received \"generally favorable reviews\" on all platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. One aspect that has been mentioned by reviewers are", "title": "MLB 07: The Show" }, { "id": "18878078", "text": "The Simpsons (season 29) The twenty-ninth season of the animated television series \"The Simpsons\" premiered on Fox in the United States on October 1, 2017, and ended on May 20, 2018. On November 4, 2016, \"The Simpsons\" was renewed for seasons 29 and 30. This season marked the show's surpassing \"Gunsmoke\" as the longest-running scripted series in primetime television by number of episodes, with the series' 636th episode \"Forgive and Regret\". The season features guest appearances from Norman Lear, Martin Short, Ray Liotta and Nikolaj Coster-Waldau. In addition, Bill Plympton animated a sixth couch gag in \"3 Scenes Plus a", "title": "The Simpsons (season 29)" }, { "id": "11333729", "text": "The application was published for public comment on June 13, 2012 and was approved on November 21, 2012. In the interim, the Rogers-owned Sportsnet One aired selected programs from MLB Network, including \"Quick Pitch\" and \"Intentional Talk\". MLB Network was added to Rogers Cable systems in Ontario on January 8, 2014, in both standard and high definition. On June 3, 2015, SaskTel announced that it would begin carrying MLB Network. As of 2017, it is also available on MTS and Vidéotron. On March 23, 2017, MLB Network launched on Bell Fibe TV and Bell TV. Shaw Cable, the dominant carrier", "title": "MLB Network" }, { "id": "11991678", "text": "in September 2012 Watney left Time Warner to join MLB Network. She has hosted the MLB Network's show \"Quick Pitch\" weeknights since 2013, but missed the first half of the 2018 season while on maternity leave. Watney is the cousin of professional golfer Nick Watney. She appeared in the Dropkick Murphys music video \"Going Out in Style\". Heidi Watney Heidi Watney (born May 19, 1981) is an American sportscaster. She is a host and reporter for MLB Network. A graduate of the University of San Diego, her past sportscasting experience includes roles at New England Sports Network in Boston, Time", "title": "Heidi Watney" }, { "id": "5300707", "text": "promotion didn't held more due to closing its doors in 2004. In 2018, MLW announced their revival by running shows back in Florida and also returning to New York following their successful deal with BeIN Sports. MLW's touring pattern changed drastically. Instead of running regular shows in cities where the company had a following, MLW began focusing more on cities that carry its television show. On September 18, it was announced that MLW would do shows and tapings in Chicago. On October, 19 MLW announced that they would do tapings in Miami, returning to Florida. MLW returned with a changed", "title": "Major League Wrestling" }, { "id": "7292300", "text": "latter had worked with Steiner in the network's inaugural season of coverage. Marc Kestecher currently serves as the network's primary \"Baseball Tonight\" studio host; he was preceded by Joe D'Ambrosio from 1998–2007. As of 2018, Dan Shulman calls the World Series and one of the two League Championship Series with Singleton each year, while Sciambi calls the other LCS with \"Sunday Night Baseball\" TV analyst Jessica Mendoza. Various other announcers work the network's secondary regular-season, Wild Card Game and Division Series broadcasts as needed. Sciambi and Singleton also call the All-Star Game and Home Run Derby each year. Major League", "title": "Major League Baseball on ESPN Radio" }, { "id": "5300701", "text": "to shortage of money after a few sponsorship exits. Bauer resumed promoting events in July 2017, with a new weekly television show named \"MLW Fusion\" premiering on BeIN Sports in 2018, and also introduced contracts as part of their growth strategy. Following the closures and acquisitions of World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now known as the WWE) in 2001, the promotion was founded on June 16, 2002, shortly after, the promotion took three months of hiatus to move their bases from Philadelphia to New York. MLW styled itself as being", "title": "Major League Wrestling" }, { "id": "16327306", "text": "for the PS2 or PSP and the first game in the series to be made available for the PlayStation Vita, Sony's new handheld. The series is the successor to 989 Studios' MLB series. \"MLB The Show 17\" is the first game in the series to be exclusive to the Playstation 4 line, meaning the PS4 and PS4 Pro. Gameplay simulates a typical game of baseball, with the player controlling an entire team or a select player. The player may take control of one of 30 Major League Baseball teams in any game mode (excluding Road to the Show) and use", "title": "MLB: The Show" }, { "id": "20419286", "text": "the 2018 Kids' Choice Sports Awards. On September 17, 2018, the show premiered on Nickelodeon. The series premiered on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 17, 2018. By that time, the series had already premiered as a sneak preview on YTV in Canada on July 27 the same year and was premiered officially on September 21 that year, In the UK, The show airs on Nicktoons and Channel 5. In April 2018, it was announced that IDW would publish a comic book based on the series, beginning in July 2018. On February 16, 2018, the first toys based on", "title": "Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" }, { "id": "19377323", "text": "20, 2017 and in the UK and Ireland on November 30, 2017. The series formally premieres with two new episodes on Disney Channel on June 9, 2018, followed by two more new episodes on June 10, 2018, with weekly premieres every Saturday through September starting on June 16, 2018 with episodes airing at 7 a.m. starting on September 8. Big Hero 6: The Series Big Hero 6: The Series is an American superhero comedy animated television series, produced by Disney Television Animation and developed by \"Kim Possible\" creators Mark McCorkle and Bob Schooley. The series is based on Disney's 2014", "title": "Big Hero 6: The Series" }, { "id": "15157551", "text": "stadium specific broadcast camera angles for all 30 MLB teams, new weather elements, stadium specific Jumbotrons and fireworks, and PlayStation Move motion controller support for the Home Run Derby mode. The PlayStation 2 version also featured co-op play and updated rosters, but did not receive the updated Road to the Show, analog control or the Challenge of the Week feature. The controls stay the same as MLB 10: The Show's and Road to the Show continues with the advancement goals and in-game goals. Also, Eric Karros did not replace Rex Hudler in the PlayStation 2 version. Some features have also", "title": "MLB 11: The Show" }, { "id": "16068860", "text": "be awarded the cover, the first being David Ortiz for \"\", and the second being Dustin Pedroia for \"\". On January 23, 2012, it was reported that there would be a separate cover for Canadian buyers, with Toronto Blue Jays right fielder/third baseman José Bautista on the cover. Bautista batted .302 with 43 home runs and 103 runs batted in during the 2011 season. This marks the first year where the game is not developed for the PlayStation 2 or PlayStation Portable. However, it's the first installment of the series on Sony's newer handheld, the PlayStation Vita. The game received", "title": "MLB 12: The Show" }, { "id": "19806272", "text": "review involves repetition in its presentation, saying its \"\"MLB The Show\"s biggest weakness\". The game won the award for \"Best Player Career Mode\" at \"Game Informer\"s 2017 Sports Game of the Year Awards, and was nominated for \"Sports Game of the Year\" at the 21st Annual D.I.C.E. Awards, and for \"Game, Franchise Sports\" at the 17th Annual National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards. MLB The Show 17 MLB The Show 17 is a baseball video game developed by Sony San Diego and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment, based on Major League Baseball (MLB). It is the twelfth edition", "title": "MLB The Show 17" }, { "id": "15157554", "text": "Metacritic. GameZone said of the PS3 version: \"The barrier to entry may be a little high for newer baseball sim gamers, but with a little persistence and plenty of practice, you’ll find yourself in love with \"MLB 11: The Show\".\" MLB 11: The Show MLB 11: The Show is a Major League Baseball video game published by Sony Computer Entertainment and developed by Sony San Diego. The game was released on March 8, 2011 for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 2. The game includes all 30 MLB teams, rosters, and stadiums from the 2011 season. This is the", "title": "MLB 11: The Show" }, { "id": "20282495", "text": "special occasions: As is the custom for the reigning World Series champions, the Astros wore gold-lettered uniforms at their home opener April 2 and April 3. Players, managers and coaches wore #42 on April 15, the 71st anniversary of Jackie Robinson's debut in the majors. The Orioles wore special caps and green uniforms on April 22, Earth Day. The Reds and Diamondbacks wore Spanish language \"Los Rojos\" and \"Los D-backs\" uniforms May 5, Cinco de Mayo. The Diamondbacks wore them again September 8. The Reds wore them again September 28. The Royals wore an alternate uniform with a crown atop", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "20282491", "text": "Padres played a three-game series at Estadio de Béisbol Monterrey in Monterrey, Mexico, from May 4 to 6. The 2018 MLB Little League Classic at BB&T Ballpark in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, coinciding with the Little League World Series, returned to the schedule. It was played between the Philadelphia Phillies and the New York Mets on August 19. Beginning in the 2018 season, MLB implemented new pace of play rules, which include limiting the number of mound visits for each team to six per nine innings. Teams will receive an additional visit for every extra inning played. Two \"game 163\" matchups were", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "496085", "text": "MLB games through 2013 as well, beginning with national Opening Day coverage. ESPN broadcasts \"Sunday Night Baseball\", \"Monday Night Baseball\", \"Wednesday Night Baseball\", and \"Baseball Tonight\". ESPN also has rights to the Home Run Derby at the All-Star Game each July. TBS airs Sunday afternoon regular season games (non-exclusive) nationally. In 2007, TBS began its exclusive rights to any tiebreaker games that determine division or wild card champions; it also airs exclusive coverage of the Division Series round of the playoffs. TBS carries the League Championship Series that are not included under Fox's television agreement; TBS shows the NLCS in", "title": "Major League Baseball" }, { "id": "20282500", "text": "Milwaukee Bears uniforms August 2. Their opponents, the Rockies, wore their regular uniforms. The Mariners and Astros wore throwbacks on August 10; the Mariners wore their 1979 throwbacks, and the Astros wore their \"Tequila Sunrise\" uniforms. The Angels wore California Angels throwbacks from 1976-1985 on August 27. The Rays wore their 1998 inaugural throwbacks on March 31 against the Boston Red Sox, on June 9 against the Seattle Mariners, and on June 23 against the New York Yankees, along with September 8 against the Baltimore Orioles. The Tigers wore their 1968 road uniforms September 8 at home to mark the", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "15396165", "text": "February 26, 2018, and was watched by 12.31 million viewers with a 2.8 in the 18-49 demographic. It is up from last season's premiere by 1.74 million viewers. The fifteenth season premiered on September 24, 2018, and was watched by 9.66 million viewers with a 2.0 in the 18-49 demographic. This is the lowest rated season premiere to date. † Including an episode that aired after a live broadcast of the Super Bowl: In the final episode of the first season, Carson Daly announced a summer concert tour. This tour had six stops across the United States, including Los Angeles,", "title": "The Voice (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "11333725", "text": "standard definition feed shifted to a 16:9 letterbox format. Both of the network's SD and HD feeds now show the same format. On April 4, 2016, MLB Network debuted a new on-air graphics package optimized for the 16:9 format, replacing the previous on-air look used since the network's New Year's Day 2009 launch. The network has signed contracts with numerous cable and satellite carriers, including DirecTV, Dish Network, Verizon Fios, Cablevision, Charter, Comcast, Cox Communications, Time Warner Cable, Bright House Networks, and AT&T Uverse. In a deal that was pioneered by other sports league owned channels, MLB tied carriage of", "title": "MLB Network" }, { "id": "797283", "text": "to televise league matches live across Southeast Asia and Australia. The agreement runs from the 2013 to 2018 seasons in Australia, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, and Thailand. At least two MLS regular season matches will be aired per week, as well as the AT&T MLS All-Star Game, at least two matches from the newly created Decision Day, all MLS Cup Playoff games and MLS Cup. In addition, beIN SPORTS will carry highlights, player features, and other MLS content across its digital platforms. DSPORT, owned by Discovery Communications, will televise league matches in India beginning in 2017. Major League", "title": "Major League Soccer" }, { "id": "5213529", "text": "On July 13, Utley announced his intention to retire after the conclusion of the 2018 season. His final MLB game was on September 30, 2018, where at San Francisco he struck out against Steven Okert in his only at-bat. Utley was left off of the Dodgers’ postseason roster, but continued to travel and practice with the team as they lost the 2018 World Series to the Boston Red Sox four games to one. Utley met his wife, Jennifer, while they were undergrads at UCLA. They married in January 2007 and have two children. They reside in Sausalito, California, during the", "title": "Chase Utley" }, { "id": "18878080", "text": "the Clown (\"Fears of a Clown\"). On August 30, 2017, it was announced that longtime \"Simpsons\" score composer Alf Clausen was let go from the series. The series switched from a live orchestrated score to a produced score by Bleeding Fingers Music. Hans Zimmer and Russel Emanuel are score producers, with Steve Kofsky executive producing. Clausen's last episode was \"Whistler's Father\". During February 2018, episodes of \"The Simpsons\" were held back to avoid competing with the 60th Annual Grammy Awards, Super Bowl LII, the 2018 Winter Olympics, and the 90th Academy Awards. This resulted in a nine-week gap in between", "title": "The Simpsons (season 29)" }, { "id": "6075956", "text": "(which would remain on Fox). In addition, all \"Fox Saturday Baseball\" games would be made available on MLB Extra Innings and MLB.TV (subject to local blackout restrictions), Fox Sports was awarded TV Everywhere rights for streaming of game telecasts on computers, mobile and tablet devices, rights to a nightly baseball highlights show, Spanish language rights to all games carried on Fox and Fox Cable (Fox Deportes) and rights to a weekly show produced by MLB Productions. On November 15, 2018, Fox renewed its rights through 2028, maintaining its existing structure but with expanded digital rights, and a promise to begin", "title": "Fox Major League Baseball" }, { "id": "20282496", "text": "the R, and a cap with a crown instead of the \"KC\", on June 30 in Seattle. The Blue Jays wore red uniforms on July 1, Canada Day. They wore a cap with a gold maple leaf, as well. All US-based teams wore Stars and Stripes caps and uniforms from July 2–4, ending with Independence Day. Teams wore caps denoting what league they play for (there were nine interleague series during the time period). For the second straight year, MLB sponsored Players Weekend, an event for which all teams wore special uniforms with design cues reminiscent of typical Little League", "title": "2018 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "18878081", "text": "new episodes, and is the second season to not have any new episodes airing in February, after the twenty-fifth season (which also aired in a Winter Olympics year). <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The Simpsons (season 29) The twenty-ninth season of the animated television series \"The Simpsons\" premiered on Fox in the United States on October 1, 2017, and ended on May 20, 2018. On November 4, 2016, \"The Simpsons\" was renewed for seasons 29 and 30. This season marked the show's surpassing \"Gunsmoke\" as the longest-running scripted series in primetime television by number of episodes, with the series' 636th episode \"Forgive and Regret\".", "title": "The Simpsons (season 29)" }, { "id": "9336578", "text": "gave the PlayStation 3 a score of eight out of ten, saying, \"The PS3's graphics are certainly crisp, and the inclusion of SIXAXIS control for fielding... is very cool; but overall, the game feels less like a fully realized next-gen baseball game and more like a blueprint for next year's installment. For now, we'll trade this game for two minor league pitchers, a half gallon of Gatorade, and a case of fungo bats.\" \"Detroit Free Press\" gave the PS2 version three stars out of four, saying, \"If John Smoltz is getting a lot of strikes with his slider, the confidence", "title": "MLB 07: The Show" }, { "id": "13558949", "text": "Stove\", until it started to air in the offseason, and \"Hot Stove\" became MLB Network's weekday morning show. The show won the Sports Emmy Award for best Daily Outstanding Studio Show for 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014 and 2015. \"MLB Tonight\" airs seven days per week, starting at 6pm ET on weekdays until the last MLB game of the night has ended. \"MLB Tonight\" is followed by \"Quick Pitch\", MLB Network's highlights show of record. On Saturdays, the show airs before and/or after the \"Saturday Night Baseball\" game. In 2012, the Sunday edition of \"MLB Tonight\" was expanded to air from", "title": "MLB Tonight" }, { "id": "18308501", "text": "as the guest. They had McCarthy, a Liverpool fan, compare MLB teams to their English Premier League equivalent. Episode 1 aired September 22, 2014 and featured Adam Richman as the guest. Episode 102 aired on February 26, 2018 and featured the Swiss international and New Jersey Devils forward Nico Hischier. They forgot to commemorate their 100 episode in January of the same year. Therefore, the 102nd episode was used to celebrate this landmark. Every podcast, the duo drinks a Budweiser when getting \"to the football.\" The podcast was previously sponsored by Guinness. Men in Blazers have worked with Mini on", "title": "Men in Blazers" }, { "id": "5566438", "text": "The Nationals lost the series to the Chicago Cubs three games to two. Nationals Park hosted the 2018 Major League Baseball All-Star Game on July 17. It was the fifth MLB All-Star Game to be played in Washington, D.C., and the first in Washington since 1969. The American League defeated the National League 2–1 before 43,843 fans. As of the 2017 season, the ballpark has 41,339 seats and features 79 suites on three levels, all around the infield. Team President Stan Kasten also said that the team might sell the naming rights to the levels of the luxury suites, which", "title": "Nationals Park" }, { "id": "20004412", "text": "key hosting personnel at the public launch of the station on 16 February 2017. Network personalities and the media attended the launch for Fox League's 2018 programming slate on 20 February 2018. Further key hosting personnel were announced, in addition to some pre-existing roles from 2017. Thursday Night League Friday Night Footy Super Saturday Sunday Ticket Sunday Night with Matty Johns Controversy Corner NRL 360 Big League Wrap NRL Try Time The Fan Queenslanders Only League Life The Greatest The Late Show with Matty Johns The Professor's Farewell Tour <br> Fox League Fox League is an Australian subscription television channel", "title": "Fox League" }, { "id": "5300706", "text": "December 14 episode, which had previously been teased on November 22. In the beginning, MLW would hold one show a month, originally from the Viking Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the original home of MLW before the revival in 2018. However, by the end of 2002, MLW began running two shows a month in, but also in 2003, multiple shows in a weekend were held in New York. The first time MLW left New York was December 20, 2002, for \"MLW King Of Kings\" from the War Memorial Auditorium in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Although primarily focusing on the Florida but the", "title": "Major League Wrestling" }, { "id": "2462332", "text": "March 2018, Clarkson released \"I've Loved You Since Forever\", a ballad version of the children's book by Hoda Kotb. On May 10, 2018, Clarkson's return to \"The Voice\" for the series' fifteenth season was announced. Clarkson hosted and performed at the 2018 \"Billboard\" Music Awards on May 20, 2018. In season fourteen of \"The Voice\", Brynn Cartelli was crowned the winner, giving Clarkson her first victory. Clarkson will voice Moxy, as well as providing an original song in the upcoming animated film \"Uglydolls\", which is scheduled to be released on May 10, 2019. On September 13, 2018, it was announced", "title": "Kelly Clarkson" }, { "id": "20822475", "text": "the American League Division Series. Fox and FS1 will televise the American League Championship Series. The World Series will air exclusively on Fox for the 20th consecutive year. 2019 Major League Baseball season The 2019 Major League Baseball season will begin on March 20 and is scheduled to end on September 29. The postseason will begin on October 1. The World Series is set to begin on October 22 and a potential Game 7 will be played on October 30 if necessary. The entire schedule was released on August 22, 2018. The 90th Major League Baseball All-Star Game will be", "title": "2019 Major League Baseball season" }, { "id": "11288038", "text": "York City, Citi Field can be seen under construction which is now the home of the New York Mets The game received \"favorable\" reviews on all platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Jeff Haynes of IGN said of the PS3 version, \"Visually, MLB '08 is a gigantic leap forward over that of last year. Camera sweeps of the parks have a new television-styled presentation, making the game feel much more realistic...The on-field play is excellently done, the stat tracking is immense, and Road to the Show is one of the best career modes around. Visually striking, this is", "title": "MLB 08: The Show" } ]	when does mlb 2018 the show come out
[ "Lori" ]	[ { "id": "20114444", "text": "the hospital to warn of his escape. Tombs breaks free and nearly kills Tree, but Carter follows and rescues her. Tombs kills Carter before chasing Tree to a nearby bell tower, where she subdues him with a crowbar. Realizing that Carter will remain dead if she ends the loop, Tree hangs herself. Believing she has solved her murder, Tree is happier and more relaxed during the next loop. Tree ends her affair with Professor Butler. She meets her father for lunch, and the two begin to reconcile. That night she goes to the hospital, where she traps and kills Tombs.", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114454", "text": "nurse reveals herself to be Dr. Butler's wife, Stephanie, who says it is for her own pain. She then murders Tree in revenge for her husband's affair with the girl. This version was shown in the test screenings for the film and was received negatively by the audience, which led the writers to come up with the theatrical ending. Director Christopher Landon also revealed Lori and Dr. Butler were the killers in the rough drafts, which later inspired the idea of the poisoned cupcake. Bear McCreary composed the score of \"Happy Death Day\". Reflecting the film's blend of horror and", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114446", "text": "at the hospital to drug and frame Tombs for Tree's murder. Tree invites Lori to eat the cupcake herself and, when Lori refuses, Tree proposes taking the cupcake to the police. Lori locks the door to prevent Tree from leaving and admits to having an affair with Professor Butler herself. The jealous Lori attacks Tree, who stuffs the poisoned cupcake in Lori's mouth. She then kicks Lori through a window to her death. In a restaurant, Tree and Carter muse over the day's events, and he offers her his room for the night. The next day, as a result of", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114439", "text": "Happy Death Day Happy Death Day is a 2017 American slasher film directed by Christopher Landon, written by Scott Lobdell and starring Jessica Rothe, Israel Broussard, and Ruby Modine. The film was produced by Jason Blum through his Blumhouse Productions banner. It follows a college student who is murdered on her birthday and begins reliving the day over and over again, at which point she sets out to find the killer and stop her death. Originally announced in 2007 under the title \"Half to Death\", the film was released on October 13, 2017, by Universal Pictures. It grossed $122 million", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114442", "text": "and murders her again. Tree again wakes up in Carter's bed, realizes that she is in a time loop and barricades herself in her sorority house room to avoid death. The killer, however, is already hiding there and slays her a third time. Upon waking up, Tree relays her story to Carter. He suggests taking advantage of the loop to identify her killer. She spends the next several iterations trailing people she considers suspects and getting killed each time. After waking from a loop where she is bludgeoned, Tree faints and awakens in the campus hospital. Her body shows evidence", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114441", "text": "Tree also meets with her married professor, Gregory Butler, with whom she is having an affair. That night, on her way to a party, Tree is lured into a tunnel and murdered by a figure wearing a mask of the campus mascot – a baby. Tree immediately wakes up in the same way she had previously – in Carter's bed – and is unnerved to find the previous day's events repeating themselves. Baffled, she nonetheless relives the day and uses this second chance to avoid the tunnel and reach the party. However, the masked killer follows her to the party", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114445", "text": "Relieved to finally be free, she celebrates her birthday in Carter's room and eats the cupcake given to her by Lori. Tree wakes up still in the loop; confused and angered by her predicament, she returns to her room, where Lori offers her the cupcake again. Tree realizes the previous loop was the only time she had ever eaten the cupcake, and had died in her sleep. Tree deduces that Lori, not Tombs, is her killer. Lori had poisoned the cupcake, which Tree declined to eat in most of the prior loops, so Lori utilized her job as a nurse", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114443", "text": "of recovery from multiple traumatic injuries, indicating that she has retained physical damage from her previous deaths. Shortly after escaping from the hospital, Tree is pursued and killed again. Waking up in Carter's bed again, Tree convinces Carter of her predicament by demonstrating her knowledge of the day's events. Tree admits to having a tremendous case of self-loathing, particularly for pushing away her father after the death of her mother years ago. Later, Tree sees a local news report on John Tombs, a serial killer being held at the campus hospital. Concluding that Tombs is her killer, Tree rushes to", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114451", "text": "slasher genre, as according to him \"every slasher film opens up with the mean girl getting killed and the good girl living till the end. And I thought, 'How can I make the mean girl and the good girl the same person?'\" In the original draft, Lori and Dr. Butler were the killers together. Landon says, \"They were a psycho couple murdering Tree together. That ultimately didn't work for me. I thought Gregory was a great opportunity to be a suspect. To make him a killer, it didn't help me. That was a change I really wanted to make.\" Also,", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114460", "text": "horror movie into a \"Back to the Future\" type of genre film where the sequel joins us right from where we left off, it explains a lot of things in the first one that didn't get explained, and it elevates everything.\" The sequel was officially announced with filming scheduled to begin on May 10, 2018. Most of the original actors return, including Rothe, Modine, Israel Broussard, and Rachel Matthews. In addition, Suraj Sharma and Sarah Yarkin have been cast. In September 2018, the sequel's release was set for February 14, 2019. Happy Death Day Happy Death Day is a 2017", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114448", "text": "The project was only revived years later, as original producer Angela Mancuso had lunch with Landon and remembered about \"Half to Death\". Landon decided to send the script to Jason Blum of Blumhouse Productions, with whom he had worked in the \"Paranormal Activity\" sequels, and he approved it, leading to a green-light by Universal Pictures. Blumhouse announced the project on October 11, 2016, with Landon directing and Jessica Rothe cast in the lead role of the film. On November 8, 2016, it was announced that Ruby Modine, Charles Aitken and Rachel Matthews had joined the cast, alongside Rothe and Israel", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20700339", "text": "Happy Death Day 2U Happy Death Day 2U is an upcoming 2019 American slasher film written and directed by Christopher Landon. It stars Jessica Rothe, Israel Broussard, Suraj Sharma, and Ruby Modine. The film is a sequel to 2017's \"Happy Death Day\", with Jason Blum again serving as a producer through his Blumhouse Productions banner. The film is scheduled to be released on February 14, 2019, by Universal Pictures. Two years after the events of the first film, Tree Gelbman unexpectedly re-enters the time loop and becomes determined to escape it after finding out her friends are now involved. When", "title": "Happy Death Day 2U" }, { "id": "20114447", "text": "a prank played by Carter, Tree wakes up believing she is still in the time loop, but Carter quickly reveals it is the next day at last. Tree is too relieved to be angry at him and the two kiss. The film was first announced in July 2007, with Megan Fox attached to star. The film was originally titled \"Half to Death\", produced by Michael Bay and Rogue Pictures, and directed by Antti Jokinen. Christopher Landon was hired to rewrite the Scott Lobdell screenplay, and while he liked the reworked script the studio decided to not move on with it.", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20700340", "text": "she discovers that Lori Spengler, the original killer, has been murdered, Tree must face the new killer in order to uncover their identity and break free of the time loop once and for all. Director Christopher Landon has talked about the possibility of a sequel, focusing on why Tree went into a time loop. Jessica Rothe stated that while most horror sequels retread the original, Landon's pitch instead \"elevates the movie from being a horror movie into a \"Back to the Future\" type of genre film where the sequel joins us right from where we left off, it explains a", "title": "Happy Death Day 2U" }, { "id": "20114440", "text": "worldwide on a $4.8 million budget and received generally positive reviews, with critics deeming the film entertaining while acknowledging the familiar premise, and describing it as \"\"Groundhog Day\" meets \"Scream\"\". A sequel, \"Happy Death Day 2U\", is scheduled to be released in February 2019. After drunken partying the previous evening, university student Theresa \"Tree\" Gelbman wakes up on her birthday in the dorm room of her classmate Carter Davis. She ignores a phone call from her father David and dismisses Carter while leaving his room and throws away a birthday cupcake given to her by her sorority housemate Lori Spengler.", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114452", "text": "in the original draft there was no birthday, and no romance, which Landon added to humanize Tree. Landon decided to shorten the protagonist's name Teresa into Tree, which also conveyed her character arc as \"trees need to grow and you see this character go from one person to another\". Filming took place at and around Loyola University in New Orleans, Louisiana, and it lasted 5 weeks. The scenes where Tree awakens in Carter's bed after her death were filmed back to back in a span of two days. The scene after Tree pushes Lori out the window was supposed to", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20114457", "text": "Blumhouse release \"The Visit\" ($1.05 million in 2015) and $11.6 million on its first day, increasing weekend projections to $26 million. It went on to debut to $26 million, topping the box office, making it the third Blumhouse Productions film of 2017 (after \"Split\" and \"Get Out\") to do so. It fell 64% in its second weekend to $9.4 million, finishing in third behind newcomers \"Boo 2! A Madea Halloween\" and \"Geostorm\". On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 71% based on 133 reviews, with an average rating of 6/10. The site's critical consensus", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "17382430", "text": "Collins in the music video for M83's \"Claudia Lewis\", directed by Bryce Dallas Howard. He then portrayed Carson Taft in the Lifetime film \"Perfect High\" (2015). The following year, Broussard starred as Mike \"Spice\" Jennings in the comedy film \"Good Kids\". Broussard starred as Carter Davis, opposite Jessica Rothe, in Christopher B. Landon's horror film \"Happy Death Day\" (2017). In 2018, he had a leading role in the alien invasion thriller \"Extinction\", and, as Josh Sanderson, in the film adaptation of Jenny Han's young adult romance novel \"To All the Boys I've Loved Before\", the latter directed by Susan Johnson.", "title": "Israel Broussard" }, { "id": "20114453", "text": "be at the sorority house, but the filming permit was over before production was able to shoot there, forcing the location to be changed into a Los Angeles diner also featured in another Blumhouse production, \"Split\". In the film's original ending, Tree is taken to the hospital after her encounter with Lori. The doctor instructs Tree to stay away from pain medication for at least a day due to the extent of her injuries. After he leaves, a nurse comes in and says she is giving Tree something for the pain. Tree informs the nurse of the doctor's orders. The", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "20700341", "text": "lot of things in the first one that didn't get explained, and it elevates everything.\" On May 1, 2018, Blumhouse Productions announced that Landon would return to direct the film, with Rothe and Israel Broussard reprising their roles while Suraj Sharma and Sarah Yarkin joined the cast. The next day, it was announced that Ruby Modine would reprise her role. Principal photography on the film began on May 14, 2018, in New Orleans, Louisiana. It is scheduled to be released on February 14, 2019. Happy Death Day 2U Happy Death Day 2U is an upcoming 2019 American slasher film written", "title": "Happy Death Day 2U" }, { "id": "16761265", "text": "for everything that has happened, confessing that she was the one who brought Danny out on the boat the night he drowned. This causes Leo to reveal that he is the killer, and that Danny (who was his biological brother) has been \"speaking\" to him, ordering him to avenge his death by murdering everyone involved in it. Leo tries to kill Rachel, but she shoots him with his own gun, revealing before she does so that she purposely drowned Danny, who she hated. In a post-credits scene, Rachel is shown walking away from the camp as Leo gets up, and", "title": "Memorial Day (1999 film)" }, { "id": "20114459", "text": "\"The Sun\" likened it to a \"slasher \"Mean Girls\",\" while Chris Agar of Screen Rant said that the \"fun, if silly, blending of genre tropes ... ends up being a double-edged sword.\" The film was released on digital HD on January 2, 2018 and was released on DVD and Blu-Ray on January 16, 2018. The home release features the original ending. Director Christopher Landon talked about the possibility of a sequel, focusing on why Tree went into a time loop. Jessica Rothe stated that while most horror sequels retread the original, Landon's pitch instead \"elevates the movie from being a", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "17845224", "text": "bar and kills her after an argument in his rented home. When Delores Parnicke falsely confesses to committing the murder with her boyfriend, Jesperson sends disturbing letters to the press and even writes confessions on the wall of a highway rest stop and at the body dumps. He signs his notes with a smiley face, earning himself the nickname, \"Happy Face Killer\", as he resumes his killing spree. Jesperson is being tracked by FBI Agent Melinda Gand (Gloria Reuben) and Ruskin County Sheriff (Daryl Shuttleworth), with little help from the district attorney after Parnicke confesses to the first murder. It", "title": "Happy Face Killer (film)" }, { "id": "19479817", "text": "is torn apart when someone lets dogs into his house. Phil reluctantly teams up with Edwards to find the killer. The two track down former Happytime cast member Lyle only for him to be killed in a drive-by shooting in front of Phil. Phil goes to see Jenny, the only human Happytime cast member and his former girlfriend, at a puppet strip club where she works. Phil is unable to protect her when her car explodes apparently killing her. The police see Phil leaving the scene and believe him to be responsible for the murders. Phil hides out at Edwards'", "title": "The Happytime Murders" }, { "id": "16974797", "text": "affair with) drops by with his girlfriend Angel. Tom decapitates Angel, beats Ben to death with her head, and buries the couple's remains. The next day, Tom lures back an electrician who he believes had sex with Leeza and scalps him by lifting the man into a ceiling fan that has had machetes attached to the blades. Tom sends Leeza to her mother's house and kills three others (a TV repairman, a courier, and a gardener) she wrote about sleeping with. The death of the courier is witnessed by Mrs. Palmer, the neighborhood busybody, so Tom rips her mandible out", "title": "Killing Spree" }, { "id": "17382428", "text": "Israel Broussard Isaiah Israel Broussard (; born August 22, 1994) is an American actor. He made his film debut in the comedy-drama \"Flipped\", and is known for his roles in the crime film \"The Bling Ring\" (2013), the drama \"Perfect High\" (2015), the thriller \"H8RZ\" (2015), the comedy \"Good Kids\" (2016), the slasher film \"Happy Death Day\" (2017) and the teen romance film \"To All the Boys I've Loved Before\" (2018). Broussard was born in Gulfport, Mississippi, to Angela (née Clapp), a Mary Kay cosmetics consultant, and Lawrence Clayton Adams (1957–1999), who passed away when Broussard was four. He was", "title": "Israel Broussard" }, { "id": "20114455", "text": "comedy, McCreary stated that he wanted \"a schizophrenic, dual personality, with light-hearted comedic scoring on one end, and genuinely terrifying soundscapes on the other.\" This approach is highlighted by the two main leitmotifs, an energetic theme for Tree evoking contemporary pop music, and one for the killer that consists of distorted vocals provided by McCreary's young daughter Sonatin. The percussion in the score are mostly sampled from college marching band drum lines to evoke the collegiate setting. While the film's trailer featured 50 Cent's \"In Da Club\" as Tree's ringtone, Landon said the film could not afford to use the", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "16761264", "text": "out of his car. Seth refuses to get out, so the killer persuades him by shooting the hostage. Back at the camp, Mickey bludgeons a masked man with a baseball bat, unmasking him afterward to discover it was Seth, who was gagged and had his hands tied together. The killer then attacks Reagan, killing her by forcing her to crawl across razor blades while he beats her with a hot piece of rebar. Next, Cindy is shot, and Mickey is tortured to death with fish hooks, nails, and a knife. Rachel and Leo regroup, and a hysterical Rachel blames herself", "title": "Memorial Day (1999 film)" }, { "id": "9484167", "text": "Annie Tarrant's daughter) in order for him to claim her soul so she will be next to him. In the meantime, the Candyman goes about killing all those associated with Caroline (starting with artist Miguel Velasco, his lover Lena, and following with her roommate Tamara) in his usual gory ways with his hook. He also kidnaps her friend David de la Paz and makes it appear to the authorities that Caroline is the one responsible for the killings. Seasoned police detective (who is secretly prejudiced against most minorities) L.V. Sacco is murdered by Candyman while Caroline is in the car,", "title": "Candyman: Day of the Dead" }, { "id": "19799638", "text": "and realizes they are tying red ribbon as they go. Warren accidentally steps on a bear trap, rendering him unable to move. Don soon catches up to Warren and stabs him, but Warren survives and manages to shoot Don dead. Meanwhile, Steve awakens in Bedford Flats, having been taken back to receive medical help. Upon learning that Cheryl has died, Steve goes into a fit of rage and murders a towns person and sets out to locate Warren. Sheriff Burnside and his son, Junior (Kenny Wormald) also set out to try and help Steve. The Sheriff explains to Junior that", "title": "Happy Hunting (2016 film)" }, { "id": "17500102", "text": "sister, she stabbed her stomach with a knife to abort her unborn fetus. The baby, Celia, survived, but was born mentally deranged. Cara then admits to stabbing and killing George in a jealous rage. Offering to give Johnny George's watches and rings, Cara goes upstairs to her bedroom to retrieve them. As Johnny waits in the living room, he hears Cara scream, and sees Celia running down the stairs. Rushing into Cara's bedroom, Johnny finds that she has been stabbed in the throat with a knife. Johnny nervously paces the hallways in search of Celia, and when he walks out", "title": "Happy Mother's Day, Love George" }, { "id": "17500100", "text": "and accompanies him there, waiting outside as he goes in to keep his rendezvous. When Piccolo fails to reappear, Crystal enters and finds Piccolo's dead body lying on the floor. Panicked, Crystal tries to run out the door, and finding it locked, races from room to room, looking for an escape. After discovering another dead body in the bathtub, Crystal turns to see Celia standing in the hallway with a cleaver in her hand. Terrified, Crystal jumps out a window and falls to her death. Meanwhile, as Porgie and his friend Bomber (Gerald E. Forbes) troll the waters for fish,", "title": "Happy Mother's Day, Love George" }, { "id": "12992513", "text": "a less flashy station wagon to the country house. After intimidating the drunk station owners to give them the location to where Harry is staying, Lep and his friends drive off to their destination. The four thugs break into the lake house and hold both Diane and Harry hostage. Over the rest of the day and night, Lep and his three cohorts Runt (Richard Ayres), Frankie (Kyle Edwards), and Stanley (Don Granberry), terrorize, harass, and humiliate their two captives from vandalizing the house to stealing Harry's speedboat and wrecking it, killing two townspeople in the process. When Diane attempts to", "title": "Death Weekend" }, { "id": "20238138", "text": "Jessica Rothe Jessica Rothe (; born Jessica Rothenberg, May 28, 1987) is an American actress. She may be best known for her lead role in the 2016 MTV television series \"Mary + Jane\" and her starring role in the 2017 slasher film \"Happy Death Day\". Rothe was born in Denver, Colorado, the daughter of Susan and Steve Rothenberg. Rothe's father is Jewish. Her grandmother, Colleen Rothenberg, was a theatre actress who belonged to the Congregation Shomrei Torah synagogue in Santa Rosa, California. She took ballet classes when she was age 8. As a youth she attended summer theater camps in", "title": "Jessica Rothe" }, { "id": "10105867", "text": "to come down hard if he finds out that they are lying and they immediately pour out their discontentment about Happy's disgusting habits. One girl mentions about Binky, the \"whorehouse\" owner, and his disapproval of Happy's lifestyle. As the investigation goes on, the team are perplexed as Doc's autopsy reports seem to contradict the available evidence. One of the prostitutes, Dreama \"confesses\" that she killed Happy after hitting him in self-defense. Later, Brass questions Connor, a bartender, and he too \"confesses\" to killing Happy when he had shot an arrow at Happy in self-defense. However, test results confirm that Happy", "title": "Ending Happy" }, { "id": "19858250", "text": "panicking patrons. Deputy Doyle, Morgan, and Gerardo regroup with Laurie and go on the offensive while Kate goes after Manny. Doyle shoots The Taxidermist. Morgan and Gerardo kill Animal. Doyle faces off against Rocco and shoots him to the ground. Kate is revealed to be an escaped cult member who is also Manny’s daughter and Dollface's sister. Kate shoots and kills Manny. Dollface attacks Kate. Laurie becomes involved in the fight and watches as Kate and Dollface stab each other to death. Doyle, Morgan, Gerardo, and Laurie escape in the light of day as more police arrive at the park.", "title": "The Funhouse Massacre" }, { "id": "9817757", "text": "Paul poisons Chicki with a sugar-looking cyanide in his cannoli. He then kills Freddie by blowing the hood up with a remote-controlled soccer ball. Tommy finds out from an informant that Paul is the vigilante and will be going after him for killing Olivia. The informant, revealed to be Vasquez, tries to kill Paul himself, but Paul gets the upper hand and kills him. Fellow officer Hoyle arrives and finds out Tommy wants both him and Kersey dead. Hoyle tells Kersey he must never see him again, and Paul agrees. Tommy hires three hoodlums-the same criminals responsible for murdering Paul's", "title": "Death Wish V: The Face of Death" }, { "id": "18142020", "text": "Porter) for her kidney; pushing Will off the hospital roof; stabbing Sienna; suffering a heart attack when she requires another kidney transplant; murdering Dylan's father Trevor Royle (Greg Wood) by stabbing him on his wedding day to Grace Black (Tamara Wall); and bullying cancer patient Jade Albright (Kassius Nelson) with her friend Peri Lomax (Ruby O'Donnell), whom she later develops an unhealthy obsession with and holds hostage. Nico was seemingly killed off on 1 November 2016, as part of the show's \"Halloween Spooktacular\" episodes. Nico becomes trapped in a maze by a fire and fallen debris after a final showdown", "title": "Nico Blake" }, { "id": "14117943", "text": "her slip over a banana peel; makes another big-time crook laugh to death; tortures a drug dealer to suicide by continuous failed attempts on his life; and kills his final victim with the odour of his sock. The police discover that he is the killer, and it is revealed that Shiva is actually an undercover officer and was killing the criminals under direct orders from not only the Commissioner, but also from the President of the United States. The ganglord who commandeered the slain criminals, a mysterious person simply called \"D\", organises the kidnapping of Priya, and has Shiva beaten", "title": "Thamizh Padam" }, { "id": "14002305", "text": "guns back from an industrial storage warehouse. They also killed two Mayan guards before destroying the warehouse and a heroin factory. In the episode \"Hell Followed\", Happy killed Mayan President Marcus Álvarez's son, Esai, as payback for the Mayans attempted hits on Clay and Ernest Darby. Esai Álvarez's father sanctioned the hit in a jail-house deal with Clay in exchange for SAMCRO selling guns to the Mayans. He pretended to be a churro vendor, and when Esai approached his stall, he stabbed him in the back of the neck with a knife. Happy is also seen in the closing moments", "title": "Happy Lowman" }, { "id": "20114458", "text": "reads, \"\"Happy Death Day\" puts a darkly humorous sci-fi spin on slasher conventions, with added edge courtesy of a starmaking performance from Jessica Rothe.\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 57 out of 100, based on 26 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"B\" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it a 52% \"definite recommend\". Critics noted that although the film makes laudatory attempts at merging genres—including romantic comedy, horror and \"campus satire\"—the end results were mixed. Jamie East from", "title": "Happy Death Day" }, { "id": "14002315", "text": "Miles (actually Juice who Miles caught and Juice killed him and put the brick on him), Happy shoots his body calling him \"a lying bitch\" and confirming to Clay that \"he was VERY dead.\" When Clay is shot, supposedly by the Niners (actually Opie, vengeful over Clay's murder of Piney) Happy agrees with Tig's attempted murder of Laroy (though Tig accidentally killed Laroy's girlfriend Veronica Pope) stating \"he's gotta to die, like A LOT.\" In the season finale of Season 4 Happy is seen with the rest of SAMCRO in the clubhouse at the table taking Opie's old seat. Happy", "title": "Happy Lowman" }, { "id": "19479818", "text": "apartment and they discover that homeless sugar addict and former Happytime member Goofer has apparently overdosed and drowned. They go the house of the two remaining Happytime Gang members Ezra and Cara only to find their mangled bodies. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) shows up and Phil and Edwards are detained. Phil is shown Sandra in an interrogation room. She reveals that she and Jenny are married and claims Phil killed Jenny and the others, to keep Sandra for himself. Edwards is suspended from duty, and finds Bubbles to ask for help proving Phil's innocence. They break into Sandra's", "title": "The Happytime Murders" }, { "id": "20238139", "text": "Kansas City. Rothe graduated from Boston University in 2009 with a bachelor's degree in Fine Arts, and during that time she learned to play the violin, tap dance and make pottery. Jessica Rothe Jessica Rothe (; born Jessica Rothenberg, May 28, 1987) is an American actress. She may be best known for her lead role in the 2016 MTV television series \"Mary + Jane\" and her starring role in the 2017 slasher film \"Happy Death Day\". Rothe was born in Denver, Colorado, the daughter of Susan and Steve Rothenberg. Rothe's father is Jewish. Her grandmother, Colleen Rothenberg, was a theatre", "title": "Jessica Rothe" }, { "id": "19194997", "text": "therapy, Barbara reveals that she murdered her parents, enraged that they never loved her. She then suffers a psychotic breakdown and proceeds to attempt to kill Leslie. Leslie manages to neutralize Barbara in self-defense just as Gordon, Falcone, and Bullock arrive. On the rooftop of the warehouse, Mooney and Cobblepot engage in a violent fight. Butch arrives with a gun, but as he was brainwashed to obey Cobblepot and with his loyalty to Mooney, he doesn't know who to shoot. Unknowingly, he shoots both of them. Mooney forgives Butch for shooting her but Cobblepot insults Butch. He then pushes Mooney", "title": "All Happy Families Are Alike" }, { "id": "16964812", "text": "the penultimate chapter, it becomes clear to the player that the person controlling Monokuma committed the murder. The only possible culprits from the surviving students are Makoto and Kyoko. A bad ending occurs if Makoto accuses Kyoko of the murder; she is executed while Makoto and the remaining students are forced to live out the rest of their lives trapped in the Academy, eventually having children. In the true and canon ending, Makoto, placing his faith in Kyoko, withholds evidence that could potentially implicate her as the killer, and is summarily declared guilty by Monokuma, without the usual vote from", "title": "Danganronpa: Trigger Happy Havoc" }, { "id": "18345509", "text": "instead prepares to kill Missy with her own weapon. The Doctor, however, insists on committing the deed himself to keep Clara's hands clean. He acknowledges to Missy that she wins. But, before he can fire, a solitary Cyberman vaporises Missy and gestures towards an unconscious, but still living, Kate Lethbridge-Stewart. The Doctor realises that this Cyberman is her father, the late Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart, also with his humanity intact. The Doctor salutes his old friend (something Kate remarked earlier that her father always wanted from the Doctor), and Lethbridge-Stewart fires his leg jets and flies away. Two weeks later, Danny contacts", "title": "Death in Heaven" }, { "id": "20233654", "text": "Ruby Modine Ruby Wylder Rivera Modine (born July 31, 1990) is an American actress, singer, and dancer. She is best known for playing Sierra in \"Shameless\". She is also known for co-starring in the 2017 slasher film \"Happy Death Day, as Lori.\" Modine is the daughter of Caridad Rivera, a makeup and wardrobe stylist, and actor Matthew Modine. Her mother is Puerto Rican (and of part African descent). She has a brother named Boman who is an assistant director for films. Modine was cast as Sierra, one of the new waitresses at Patsy Pies managed by Fiona, in the seventh", "title": "Ruby Modine" }, { "id": "19479813", "text": "The Happytime Murders The Happytime Murders is a 2018 American black comedy crime film directed by Brian Henson and written by Todd Berger. The film stars Melissa McCarthy, Maya Rudolph, Joel McHale, Elizabeth Banks, and Bill Barretta. The plot, set in a world where puppets and humans co-exist, follows a joint police force who must solve a recent murder spree of retired sitcom stars. The film was first announced in 2008 by The Jim Henson Company, the production studio of Muppets creator Jim Henson. Various actors, including Cameron Diaz, Katherine Heigl, and Jamie Foxx, were approached to star before McCarthy", "title": "The Happytime Murders" }, { "id": "9383415", "text": "is \"death proof\", but only for the driver. He speeds and slams on the brakes, smashing Pam's skull on the dashboard, killing her. He catches up with the women's car and drives into it at speed, killing them. Mike survives with no serious injury. Sheriff McGraw believes Mike killed the women intentionally, but because Mike was sober while the women were intoxicated, he cannot be charged. Fourteen months later, three young women, Abernathy Ross, Kim Mathis and Lee Montgomery, are driving through Lebanon, Tennessee. They stop at a convenience store, where Mike watches them from his car. The women pick", "title": "Death Proof" }, { "id": "809196", "text": "calls him a \"nigger\" and destroys the boombox with a baseball bat. Raheem attacks Sal, leading to a violent fight that spills out into the street, attracting a crowd. While Radio Raheem is choking Sal, the police arrive. They break up the fight and apprehend Radio Raheem and Buggin' Out. Despite the pleas of his fellow officers and the onlookers, one officer refuses to release his chokehold on Raheem, killing him. Realizing that Raheem has been killed in front of onlookers, the officers place his body in the back of a squad car and drive off, leaving Sal, Pino, and", "title": "Do the Right Thing" }, { "id": "1399243", "text": "month later, the co-producers of the box-office smash \"It\" (2017) announced a \"Child's Play\" reimagining about an out-of-control artificially intelligent toy. Blumhouse Productions, founded by Jason Blum on his successful \"Paranormal Activity\" and \"Insidious\" franchises, released mid-budget slasher films \"The Purge\" (2013), \"Happy Death Day\" (2017) and \"Truth or Dare\" (2018), all of which deviate from traditional conventions. Three sequels and a television series followed \"The Purge\", while \"Happy Death Day 2U\" is due for a 2019 release. Coming off the remakes of the 2000s, Blumhouse released meta-sequels \"The Town That Dreaded Sundown\" (2014) and \"Halloween\" (2018), which retconned their", "title": "Slasher film" }, { "id": "20233655", "text": "season of \"Shameless\". On November 8, 2016, she was cast to co-star in the film \"Happy Death Day\" starring Jessica Rothe and Israel Broussard. Ruby Modine Ruby Wylder Rivera Modine (born July 31, 1990) is an American actress, singer, and dancer. She is best known for playing Sierra in \"Shameless\". She is also known for co-starring in the 2017 slasher film \"Happy Death Day, as Lori.\" Modine is the daughter of Caridad Rivera, a makeup and wardrobe stylist, and actor Matthew Modine. Her mother is Puerto Rican (and of part African descent). She has a brother named Boman who is", "title": "Ruby Modine" }, { "id": "6614355", "text": "finds her, however, and gatecrashes her wedding rehearsal with the other Vipers and murders everyone inside. Bill then shoots her in the head, leaving her in a coma. Just before Bill shoots her, she tells him that it is his baby. She remains comatose for four years, during which she is raped and prostituted by an orderly named Buck (Michael Bowen). After being bitten by a mosquito, she awakens moments before Buck brings in a man intent on raping her. She kills her would-be rapist and Buck, and steals his truck. After willing her atrophied limbs into action, she begins", "title": "The Bride (Kill Bill)" }, { "id": "14002307", "text": "San Joaquin to kill the witness who identified Bobby Munson and Opie after the murder of Brenan Hefner. The safe house was being guarded by two sheriffs and a female ATF agent, but they managed to knock all three unconscious and gain entry to the house. When Tig saw that the witness was a teenage girl, he was having initial doubts about killing her and Happy showed his cold-bloodedness by offering to kill her instead. However, Tig stepped up but just before he shot her, Jax came in and stopped him doing so at gunpoint. Jax then told Chibs and", "title": "Happy Lowman" }, { "id": "18679410", "text": "be engaged to Kawaguchi's son, recognizes Ahn and visits her apartment, but is killed by her father Kang, Yem and a group of soldiers. The latter are none the wiser and believe they have successfully killed Ahn. At this point, Ahn assumes her twin's identity, and a few days later, enters the wedding as the bride. Assisted by Hawaii Pistol, Buddy, and Big Gun—who survived his injuries—they carry out an attack on the wedding. Ahn kills Kawaguchi, and Hawaii Pistol kills Kang when Ahn hesitates to do so, revealing that he killed his father, a Japanese sympathizer, and did not", "title": "Assassination (2015 film)" }, { "id": "16964140", "text": "Karachi docks. He is rescued by Rudra, who was trying to take revenge on Goldman's nephew for murdering Rudra's lover, Suraiya (Shruti Hassan), a Pakistani prostitute. Upon hearing that Wali's wife has died and that his son is in ISI custody, the four agents decide to find a way to complete their mission, despite the government having abandoned them. The ISI decides that Goldman is too much of a liability to continue protecting further, so they decide to kill him. Before they can, the four RAW agents take out the ISI and take Goldman hostage. Wali notifies Ashwini, who works", "title": "D-Day (2013 film)" }, { "id": "12650563", "text": "bribed Chang-wook for the entrance test answers, giving them an unfair advantage. After being disqualified and finding out about the fact, Ji-won confronted Chang-wook and he kills her to cover up his misconduct. The sole witness to the incident, Beom, slowly became mad as he felt that Ji-won had been haunting him ever since. Mr. Kim and his wife (the woman who hang Myong-heo) decided to kill Chang-wook and all the students whose parents they deem responsible for their daughter's death. The film closes with I-na seeing that she tops the class ranking, and it is implied that Beom's attacks", "title": "Death Bell" }, { "id": "13002676", "text": "reveals it on her plasma TV. Finney (Mark Bonnar) only appears in the second series. He first talks to Jelly, Lomax and Michael at Jolly's funeral but finds few leads. He later interviews Joy and, after failing to gain any new information from her paralysed patient Jennifer, unexpectedly stabs her through her neckbrace with a pencil, killing her. In the second episode, he leads Robert to a false audition and, again, murders him shortly afterwards. In the third episode, he pretends to be Lomax's long-lost son Billy and sits with him for a while. Failing to discover what happened to", "title": "Psychoville" }, { "id": "1066814", "text": "paper flowers. He lets her take him home. Thel's ex-boyfriend Charlie surprises them in bed and shoots at Blake, accidentally killing Thel when she tries to shield Blake with her body. The bullet passes through Thel and wounds Blake, but he is able to kill Charlie using Thel's gun before dazedly climbing out the window and fleeing the town on Charlie's horse. Company-owner Dickinson is Charlie's father, and he hires three legendary frontier killers, Cole Wilson, Conway Twill, and Johnny \"The Kid\" Pickett to bring Blake back 'dead or alive'. Blake awakens to find a large Native American man (Gary", "title": "Dead Man" }, { "id": "9817711", "text": "deaths. Paul infiltrates Zacharias's manor. After bugging a phone, he witnesses Zacharias murder a colleague who has stolen a big deal of cocaine from the cartel's South American connection. Zacharias discovers and captures Paul and orders him to help carry out the dead body. A hired hitman, Al Arroyo, helps Paul hide the corpse in the trunk of a car. Paul kills Arroyo with the car's trunk cover in self-defense. Paul proceeds to kill three of Ed Zacharias's favored hitmen at a restaurant with a bomb concealed in a wine bottle. He kills drug dealer Max Green (Tom Everett), leader", "title": "Death Wish 4: The Crackdown" }, { "id": "17382432", "text": "problematic for his tweets and likes. He released an apology on Twitter, stating, \"I am dedicated to becoming a more informed and educated version of myself.\" Israel Broussard Isaiah Israel Broussard (; born August 22, 1994) is an American actor. He made his film debut in the comedy-drama \"Flipped\", and is known for his roles in the crime film \"The Bling Ring\" (2013), the drama \"Perfect High\" (2015), the thriller \"H8RZ\" (2015), the comedy \"Good Kids\" (2016), the slasher film \"Happy Death Day\" (2017) and the teen romance film \"To All the Boys I've Loved Before\" (2018). Broussard was born", "title": "Israel Broussard" }, { "id": "10939547", "text": "is outraged when he hears Lincoln making a speech promising African-Americans citizenship and the vote. His plan to kidnap turns into a murder plot. He decides to assassinate Lincoln at Ford's Theatre and orders Paine to kill Secretary Of State William Seward and orders another accomplice to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson. Booth kills Lincoln and escapes after breaking his leg jumping to the stage. Paine attacks Seward who survives and the Vice President is unharmed. After an intense manhunt, Booth is shot and killed inside a burning barn surrounded by federal troops. He dies on the front porch saying", "title": "The Day Lincoln Was Shot" }, { "id": "4690228", "text": "charges Macomber. He stands his ground and fires at it, but his shots are too high. Wilson fires at the beast as well, but it keeps charging. At the same time, Margot fires a shot from the car, which hits Macomber in the skull and kills him, as narrated by the omniscient narrator: “. . . and Mrs. Macomber, in the car, had shot at the buffalo with the 6.5 Mannlicher as it seemed about to gore Macomber and had hit her husband about two inches up and a little to one side of the base of his skull .", "title": "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" }, { "id": "2340100", "text": "boys left two gym bags, each containing a 20-pound propane bomb, inside the school cafeteria. When these devices failed to detonate, Harris and Klebold launched a shooting attack against their classmates. It was the deadliest attack ever perpetrated at an American high school until the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting on February 14, 2018. Harris was responsible for eight of the thirteen confirmed deaths (Rachel Scott, Daniel Rohrbough, a teacher identified as Dave Sanders, Steve Curnow, Cassie Bernall, Isaiah Shoels, Kelly Fleming, and Daniel Mauser), while Klebold was responsible for the remaining five (Kyle Velasquez, Matthew Kechter, Lauren Townsend, John", "title": "Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold" }, { "id": "611676", "text": "back. When Sam comes to the motel to look for Marion, Norman stabs him to death in the shower. Dylan comes to see Norman after learning of Norma's death, and they get into a fight that ends with Norman assaulting his half-brother at \"Mother\"'s instigation. Terrified of what he might do, Norman calls 9-11 and confesses to murdering Sam. While he is in jail, Sheriff Jane Greene (Brooke Smith) finds the bodies of Norman's other victims, and charges him with their murders, as well. While Norman is awaiting trial, Romero - who had earlier escaped from prison - breaks into", "title": "Norman Bates" }, { "id": "1959620", "text": "plan backfires when Ray stabs Bobby repeatedly, angry because his favorite show, \"The Wayans Bros.\", has been cancelled. Ghostface abruptly arrives and stabs Ray. He and Cindy then fight each other, but Cindy successfully subdues him by employing moves copied from \"The Matrix\" and kicks him through a window. However, Ghostface vanishes before the police arrive. At the police station, Cindy and the sheriff (Kurt Fuller) realize that Doofy, the only person who knew about the car accident, was faking his disability and is the killer. However, Doofy has already escaped with Gail Hailstorm. Upon finding his discarded disguise in", "title": "Scary Movie" }, { "id": "18320659", "text": "killer could know. Kennedy confronts Emily, who asserts that she slew Derrick and Hannah, and had intended to murder Ryan, to protect her, with Chet and Bo being collateral damage. Kennedy snaps, and strangles Emily. The film returns to the intro, and the bride lifts her veil to reveal that she is Emily, who had recovered, bludgeoned Kennedy, and taken her gown. The ranger offers his condolences for all that \"Kennedy\" has gone through, and when he gives Emily a pen to write down who he should contact for her, she stabs him in the neck with it, and walks", "title": "Death Do Us Part" }, { "id": "12992514", "text": "escape, Lep recaptures her and, as punishment, rapes her. At nightfall, the gang becomes more out of control with drinking and smoking dope. Harry confronts them with a pump-action shotgun, but he hesitates to shoot and Lep snatches the weapon from his hands. Lep then uses it to kill Harry as he attempts to flee from the house, and Diane is taken to a bedroom to be raped again, this time by Runt. Diane fights back and eventually kills Runt by slashing his neck with a shard of mirror glass and she manages to flee from the house. She later", "title": "Death Weekend" }, { "id": "5544934", "text": "of residence, and personal information. Cale asks Ridley for help, but he refuses while telling her that Nicholson took a similar interest in Dante's work. However, he was killed in a mysterious accident believed to have been an animal mauling. During their confrontation, Cale manages to lift Ridley's access card so she can investigate on her own. Dante learns that Cale has the card and confronts Ridley, subsequently killing him with a mysterious weapon. Meanwhile, a trio of eco-warriors (Raimi, Weyland, and Yutani) infiltrate the Chaank headquarters in order to destroy its digitally-stored assets and send the company into bankruptcy.", "title": "Death Machine" }, { "id": "10209188", "text": "Eliseo is angry when he realizes that Natalia has a boyfriend, Esteban. After a heated argument with his mother, Eliseo loses his temper, shoots her, and then sets the place on fire. On his way out he encounters Beatriz and he kills her too. Arriving at Natalia's house, he viciously attacks Natalia and her mother, killing them both. In the evening, he visits an old friend, a librarian who has always been kind to him. He tells her that he is leaving town and thanks her for her friendship. From there, he goes on the last leg of his killing", "title": "Satanás" }, { "id": "5380976", "text": "cousins Harlan and Marlon James (William Hurt and Keanu Reeves). To her surprise, Joey proves impossible to kill. Even though Rosalie poisons Joey with sleeping pills, he simply gets a stomach cramp, and dismisses it as a virus. When Marlon's cowardice stops him from being present at Joey's murder, Harlan shoots Joey, only wounding him behind the ear. Eventually a convict at the local commissary reveals their plan, and when the police arrive they find the wounded Joey in some pain. Joey is taken to the hospital, and Rosalie, her mother, Devo, and the James cousins are arrested. Recognizing the", "title": "I Love You to Death" }, { "id": "16355727", "text": "who to kill, Negan decides to select at random by saying \"eenie, meanie, minie, mo.\" The season ends with Negan beating an unknown target to death. In the seventh season premiere, \"The Day Will Come When You Won't Be\", Abraham is revealed to be Negan's chosen victim; Negan brutally beats him to death with Lucille as the rest of the group watches, horrified. When Daryl strikes Negan in the face, Negan declares that he will need to kill someone else as punishment. He then strikes Glenn with Lucille. After two blows to the head, Glenn sits up, severely brain damaged", "title": "Glenn Rhee" }, { "id": "18849627", "text": "death at dawn. When the six o'clock hour rolls around, Donna holds a now-exhausted George down while Jackson proceeds to carry out his execution using a large knife. She spares his life at the last moment and the pair finally take off, laughing maniacally. The film's ending initially shows the two girls happily strolling down the road. The viewpoint suddenly cuts to a speeding truck, which swerves in their direction and strikes them head-on. \"Death Game\" was produced by independent company First American Films and was the directorial debut of Peter S. Traynor, a California real-estate magnate and former life", "title": "Death Game" }, { "id": "17074724", "text": "her jail sentence, she then recants her testimony but no one believes her, until clues surface from the real killer, who leaves messages that he is still out there, has killed before, and will kill again, signing his victims with Happy Faces. David Nusair of \"Reel Film Reviews\" gave a positive review on Marg Helgenberger's performance, writing she \"provides enough charm to make it worth a look.\" Happy Face Murders Happy Face Murders is a 1999 American made-for-television crime drama film directed by Brian Trenchard-Smith. It is based on a real story. It was shot in 21 days and is", "title": "Happy Face Murders" }, { "id": "10896652", "text": "Colt, one of the other competitors, Jensen improvises and spills napalm over Colt's car, and has Case ignite it with the cigarette lighter. Colt's car is then run into by Machine Gun Joe's. Jensen is distracted and hit by Joe when Pachenko does the same hand gesture at him as the masked assailant (making Jensen realize it was Pachenko that killed his wife), coming in last place. Day 1 ends with three racers dead (Siad, Grimm, and Colt) and six remaining. After a conversation with Hennessey and another fight with Pachenko, Jensen deduces that Hennessey ordered Pachenko to frame Jensen,", "title": "Death Race (film)" }, { "id": "18697503", "text": "with, and having failed at a relationship with his high school crush Dusty, Andy sold the death ray to a pawn shop and moved on with his life. However, after his neighbor's pit bull murdered Louis's dog and then laughs about it, Andy seeks to retrieve the gun and murder his neighbor. Andy convinces Sonny to help him track down the death ray (which Sonny believes is just a toy gun) and along the way, Sonny visits Dusty for Andy and relays an apology to him for unstated incident that ended their budding relationship. Andy murders his neighbor with the", "title": "The Death-Ray" }, { "id": "19479816", "text": "a puppet criminal. Phil tried to shoot him but missed and hit an innocent puppet, killing him in front of the puppet's young daughter. Edwards and the thug exchanged fire; Edwards was wounded but the thug was killed. Edwards received a puppet liver transplant which left her with an addiction to sugar which is like heroin to puppets. Edwards testified against Phil and a law was enacted preventing puppets from being cops. Back in the present, Edwards believes it was a robbery gone wrong but Phil believes it was murder. That night Phil’s brother Larry \"Shenanigans\" Phillips, former Happytime cast-member,", "title": "The Happytime Murders" }, { "id": "19407498", "text": "the investigation into Galavan's murder and that Gordon is the prime suspect. Lee (Morena Baccarin) is terrified since Gordon assured her that the problem was over. Nygma visits Strike Force member, Carl Pinkney (Ian Quinlan) and kills him. Bullock directs Gordon to a payphone where the bomb threat was phoned in, where Gordon discovers Pinkney's corpse. Barnes arrives and assumes Gordon killed Pinkney as Pinkney (Nygma in fact) had texted him to talk to him about Gordon. He arrests him and states the weapon, a crow bar, has Gordon's fingerprints on it, as Gordon used it to open the locker", "title": "Mad Grey Dawn" }, { "id": "20597127", "text": "Superman losing against, arrives in his own battlesuit to kill Doomsday and win over the Metropolis citizens as their \"true savior\". But Doomday recovers with Superman saving Luthor before resuming the fight, only for Lois to realize he is taking his toll on him as she pelts Doomsday with a rock. Doomsday extrudes a bony spear through his arms as he walks toward Lois to kill her. Superman sees this, and with one final burst of war cry, hurls himself straight towards Doomsday; Superman's speed is enough to twist Doomsday's neck around to kill him, but unfortunately, Doomsday stabs him", "title": "The Death of Superman (film)" }, { "id": "6614361", "text": "her on the day of her wedding rehearsal and pretends to give her his blessing. Moments later, he leads the Vipers in massacring the wedding party in the chapel, and shoots Kiddo in the head, putting her in a coma. The film then returns to where \"Vol. 1\" left off. After killing O-Ren Ishii and Vernita Green, Kiddo goes after Budd (Michael Madsen), Bill's brother. Laying in wait underneath Budd's trailer, she charges in the front door only to be shot in the chest by Budd with a shotgun loaded with rock salt. He sedates her and calls Elle Driver", "title": "The Bride (Kill Bill)" }, { "id": "6165915", "text": "and Mabel refuses to bring her to Satan. Satan arrives and blows up Chicago's van, killing him. Satan enters the house and kills Mabel for failing him; Jericho and Christine escape. Marge and another officer, both Satanists, tell Jericho to surrender Christine. Jericho kills them, but Satan resurrects Marge. Father Kovak tells Jericho and Christine that Satan must impregnate her between 11 pm and midnight on New Year's Eve to usher in the \"end of days\". Christine accepts Kovak's protection. Satan infiltrates Jericho's apartment, showing him a vision of his family's murder. Jericho throws Satan through his apartment window, and", "title": "End of Days (film)" }, { "id": "19479820", "text": "father, saying it has haunted him all the years since, and asks why the Happytime Gang had to die. Sandra says she wanted Phil to suffer as payback. It turns out that Jenny is alive, having faked her death, and is in cahoots with Sandra, but Sandra knocks Jenny out to take the money for herself after Philips reveals her true history. Sandra holds Edwards at gunpoint, putting her and Phil in the same position as twelve years before. Phil takes his shot and doesn't miss this time, killing Sandra. Banning arrives to congratulate Phil and Edwards on cracking the", "title": "The Happytime Murders" }, { "id": "18057004", "text": "to cry. Marian consoles her, but Norah senses that Marian is actually making a lesbian pass at her and, revolted, asks her to leave the apartment immediately. Marian leaves in a huff, still wearing Norah's coat, which she had been using as a bathrobe. Lawrence, who is outside, sees Marian leaving in Norah's coat, and mistaking her for Norah, chases after her and kills her. Lawrence finally attacks Norah after closing time in the empty nightclub and violently rapes her, but does not kill her. Lt. Madden, who has just figured out that Lawrence was watching Norah through the reflection", "title": "Who Killed Teddy Bear" }, { "id": "18000732", "text": "Bunny mask murders him with a knife, and a drill. As the killer disposes of Ray's body, the renovators return to pick up their tools, and ransack the house. The killer disembowels one with a circular saw, and wounds another with a hammer as the remaining one is approached by the vagrant. Remington arrives with a pair of prostitutes named Candy and Brooke, and they are attacked by the injured and disoriented handyman (who Remington kills with a flashlight) and the killer. Candy is impaled through the mouth with a broomstick handle, Brooke is stabbed with a piece of glass,", "title": "Easter Bunny, Kill! Kill!" }, { "id": "16415133", "text": "no response from Sarah, who is listening inside, he drops his badge at her door and leaves. After repeated attempts to get police protection, Stan arrives home to see a stranger approach his son Tommy outside. The man is a reporter who asks how Stan feels about the charges being dropped against Richmond. Stan then drives to a restaurant and asks Janek Kovarsky, an old mob acquaintance, to find and kill Rosie's murderer. Paired as a season premiere with the previous episode, \"My Lucky Day\" received mostly positive reviews from critics. Lori Rackl of \"Chicago Sun-Times\" stated: \"This melancholy show", "title": "My Lucky Day (The Killing)" }, { "id": "9857342", "text": "synthesized Barsi drug and the two engage in hand-to-hand combat over the vial, resulting in Talec being impaled on a steel spar. Cain retrieves Talecs gun - a similar weapon to Azeck's - and shoots nearby drums of fuel, killing Talec in the resulting explosion. With Talec dead Caine & Smith realise that they have completed Azeck's mission and now that Talec won't return to his home planet nobody there will know about Earth. The film also stars Mark Lowenthal as Bruce, an eccentric and paranoid scientist; Michael J. Pollard as Boner, a petty criminal; Jesse Vint as McMurphy, Talec's", "title": "I Come in Peace" }, { "id": "19479815", "text": "Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) before being fired. Now a private detective with a human secretary Bubbles, he is hired by puppet client Sandra to find out who has been blackmailing her. Phil investigates a lead at a puppet-owned porn shop and while he goes in the back to check their records an attacker kills everyone present, including Bumblypants, a cast member of “The Happytime Gang”, a puppet sitcom that was due to go into syndication. The LAPD arrive and Phil meets up with his former partner, Detective Connie Edwards. Twelve years prior, Edwards was being held at gunpoint by", "title": "The Happytime Murders" }, { "id": "6614365", "text": "Kiddo fatally strikes Bill using the \"Five Point Palm Exploding Heart Technique.\" As Bill dies, the two forgive each other and make their peace. He then walks five steps and falls to the ground, dead. Kiddo then disappears with B.B. in the middle of the night. The final scene shows Kiddo and B.B. driving off into the sunset to begin a new life. Beatrix Kiddo was well received by audiences. \"Empire Magazine\" ranked the character 66th out of 100 in its list of \"The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time\". \"Entertainment Weekly\" also named The Bride as 99th on", "title": "The Bride (Kill Bill)" }, { "id": "7755776", "text": "Michael's hatred for T-Bag. Michael tells T-Bag he wants him to kill Jacob to ensure everyone can get a happy life even though it means T-Bag will go back to prison. Despite David's objections, T-Bag consents, feeling that some people need to die. T-Bag aids Michael in his plan to frame Jacob, but it goes awry when A&W kills David. An enraged T-Bag snaps A&W's neck and is sent back to Fox River for her murder. There, thanks to Michael, he ends up with Jacob as his cellmate. As the Fox River inmates cheer him on, T-Bag brutally assaults Jacob.", "title": "Theodore \"T-Bag\" Bagwell" }, { "id": "9013064", "text": "is attacked by the Leprechaun and manages to fight him off for a short while, but is killed when the Leprechaun claws her in the stomach, with her friends finding her body. While Emily and Jamie want to return the gold, Rory does not and takes off with it; shortly after realizing Rory is gone, Emily is attacked and chased outside by the Leprechaun, but is saved when Rory has a change of heart and comes back for her. Searching for Rory, Lubdan stops by his house and kills Rory's profligate girlfriend Chanel (Keesha Sharp) by tearing out her jaw,", "title": "Leprechaun: Back 2 tha Hood" }, { "id": "19720241", "text": "watch. After Miguel dies, Paul takes his phone and finds information leading to a liquor store that fences the stolen goods. When Paul visits the liquor store, the owner, Ponytail, realizes who he is, secretly messages an accomplice for backup and reaches for a gun. Paul stabs him and demands the goods stolen from him. Ponytail's accomplice, Fish, arrives and accidentally kills Ponytail. After shooting Fish, Paul learns from him that Lucy's killer is an auto body worker named Joe. Fish gains the upper hand on Paul, but Paul is able to kill him. At the auto body shop, Paul", "title": "Death Wish (2018 film)" }, { "id": "7222586", "text": "to Ginny's birthday celebration four years earlier. Instead, the group opted to attend Ann's party. Drunk, her mother drove to the Thomasons' house with Ginny, where she was humiliated by Ann's parents. Enraged, she attempted to drive across the raising drawbridge, resulting in a violent crash which ended in her drowning. Ginny, however, managed to swim to safety. Paranoid that she may be murdering her friends during blackout episodes, Ginny visits Dr. Faraday. When she confronts him over the procedure she underwent, he is evasive, and she murders him with a fireplace poker. Mr. Wainright returns home for Ginny's birthday", "title": "Happy Birthday to Me (film)" }, { "id": "650907", "text": "Solo, Chewbacca, Obi-Wan Kenobi, C-3PO, and R2-D2 are pulled aboard the station by a tractor beam, where they discover and manage to rescue Princess Leia. As they make their escape, Obi-Wan dies duelling Darth Vader, enabling the others to flee the station. Later, Luke returns as part of a fighter force to attack its only weak point: a ray-shielded particle exhaust vent leading straight from the surface directly into its reactor core. Luke was able to successfully launch his fighter's torpedoes into the vent, impacting the core and triggering a catastrophic explosion, which destroyed the station before it could use", "title": "Death Star" }, { "id": "16333128", "text": "friend who had died due to falling through a frozen lake that he was playing ice hockey on with her, Martin, Mona, Clemens, and Alex. The police inform Nina that Manfred hanged himself two years after his son's death, and that his wife moved away, though she still owns a house nearby. Nina, Mona, and Clemens sneak out to explore the Haas property, and are followed by Nina's sister, Kerstin. The killer binds and gags Kerstin, and is revealed to be Mrs. Haas, who is attempting to avenge her son's death (which occurred three days after he fell through the", "title": "Dead in 3 Days" }, { "id": "9484168", "text": "which not only brings the whole local police department down on her head, but puts her in the firing line of Sacco's equally bigoted partner Lt. Det. Samuel Deacon Kraft, who has no intention of bringing her in alive. Caroline is kidnapped by a gang who take her to an abandoned building and call Candyman in hope of sacrificing Caroline to Candyman to end the murders, but Candyman kills the whole gang. He reveals to Caroline that after her mother Annie Tarrant told the story of him, she called him to give herself to him to protect her daughter. Candyman", "title": "Candyman: Day of the Dead" }, { "id": "14681191", "text": "injects her with morphine to take away the pain and she tells her that she had seen Tegan on a video informing Dee Dee that she is her real mother. During the night, the Gloved Hand Killer (who is Lindsey Butterfield) gains entry to Diane's ward and injects her with potassium chloride, the same chemical the assailant used to kill Rick Spencer (Victor Gardener) and Will Savage (James Atherton). Diane's heart monitor drops to 0 and the unknown assailant leaves the ward and leaves Diane for dead. Diane is rushed into resuscitation and soon makes a full recovery, after suffering", "title": "Diane O'Connor" }, { "id": "18001336", "text": "response, Ko steals a time-bomb from the police basement and inserts it into Lee's body's rectum, and hands the body to Park, whose van gets blasted off a bridge into a lake. Against the odds, Park survives and fights Ko in his apartment, but shoots and kills himself while trying to dislodge a revolver from a fallen bookshelf. In the end, senior police officials decide to cover up Park's and Ko's crimes to protect their own reputations. Ko chooses to resign, and, using the metal capsule from earlier, accesses Park's private vault, discovering an enormous reserve of cash, more than", "title": "A Hard Day" }, { "id": "12992515", "text": "traps Stanley in the boathouse and sets it on fire, allowing him to burn to death. She then lures the pursuing Frankie to a nearby bog where he falls into a quicksand pit and drowns. In the morning, Diane and the shotgun-toting Lep face off in a final confrontation in an open field where she attempts to hotwire and escape in Harry's car (with Harry's dead body in the front seat) as Lep tries to shoot her with the shotgun. When Lep runs out of ammunition, he climbs on top of the moving car to stop Diane attempting to drive", "title": "Death Weekend" }, { "id": "6585679", "text": "Accordingly, he kills the two medical attendants and the two drivers. While making his way back to his hometown, he also kills a mechanic and a waitress. In Haddonfield, while on the trail for Jamie, Michael kills the Carruthers' Golden Retriever Sundae, a worker at the power plant which causes a blackout of the entire town, the entire police force, the deputy, the police chief's daughter Kelly, Rachel's boyfriend Brady, and 4 men from a vigilante mob. Escaping from town, Jamie cowers in a pick-up truck as Rachel hits Michael head on, throwing him off the road and knocking him", "title": "Jamie Lloyd" } ]	who kills the main character in happy death day
[ "The Irish Sea" ]	[ { "id": "4681380", "text": "St George's Channel St George's Channel (, ) is a sea channel connecting the Irish Sea to the north and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. Historically, the name \"St George's Channel\" was used interchangeably with \"Irish Sea\" or \"Irish Channel\" to encompass all the waters between Ireland to the west and Great Britain to the east. Some geographers restricted it to the portion separating Wales from Leinster, sometimes extending south to the waters between the West Country of England and East Munster; the latter have since the 1970s come to be called the Celtic Sea. In Ireland \"St George's", "title": "St George's Channel" }, { "id": "13481319", "text": "Irish Sea The Irish Sea (, , , , Ulster-Scots: \"Airish Sea\", ) separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain; linked to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel, and to the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland in the north by the Straits of Moyle. Anglesey, Wales, is the largest island in the Irish Sea. The second in size is the Isle of Man and the sea may occasionally, but rarely, be referred to as the Manx Sea (, , ). The Irish Sea is of significant economic importance to regional trade, shipping", "title": "Irish Sea" }, { "id": "4681383", "text": "name was popularised by English settlers in Ireland after the Plantations. St George's Channel St George's Channel (, ) is a sea channel connecting the Irish Sea to the north and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. Historically, the name \"St George's Channel\" was used interchangeably with \"Irish Sea\" or \"Irish Channel\" to encompass all the waters between Ireland to the west and Great Britain to the east. Some geographers restricted it to the portion separating Wales from Leinster, sometimes extending south to the waters between the West Country of England and East Munster; the latter have since the 1970s", "title": "St George's Channel" }, { "id": "1308068", "text": "Ireland Ireland (; ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain.", "title": "Ireland" }, { "id": "119366", "text": "England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight. The area now called England was", "title": "England" }, { "id": "119416", "text": "European continent than any other part of mainland Britain. It is separated from France (Hauts-de-France) by a sea gap, though the two countries are connected by the Channel Tunnel near Folkestone. England also has shores on the Irish Sea, North Sea and Atlantic Ocean. The ports of London, Liverpool, and Newcastle lie on the tidal rivers Thames, Mersey and Tyne respectively. At , the Severn is the longest river flowing through England. It empties into the Bristol Channel and is notable for its Severn Bore (a tidal bore), which can reach in height. However, the longest river entirely in England", "title": "England" }, { "id": "111136", "text": "English Channel The English Channel (, \"The Sleeve\"; , \"Sleeve Channel\"; , \"Sea of Brittany\"; , \"British Sea\"; , \"The Channel\"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France and links the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the busiest shipping area in the world. It is about long and varies in width from at its widest to in the Strait of Dover. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around the continental shelf of Europe, covering an area of some . Until the", "title": "English Channel" }, { "id": "1308134", "text": "W. It is separated from Great Britain by the Irish Sea and the North Channel, which has a width of at its narrowest point. To the west is the northern Atlantic Ocean and to the south is the Celtic Sea, which lies between Ireland and Brittany, in France. Ireland has a total area of , of which the Republic of Ireland occupies 83 percent. Ireland and Great Britain, together with many nearby smaller islands, are known collectively as the British Isles. As the term British Isles is controversial in relation to Ireland, the alternate term \"Britain and Ireland\" is often", "title": "Ireland" }, { "id": "1308201", "text": "Cider, particularly \"Magners\" (marketed in the Republic of Ireland as \"Bulmers\"), is also a popular drink. Red lemonade, a soft-drink, is consumed on its own and as a mixer, particularly with whiskey. Ireland Ireland (; ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the", "title": "Ireland" }, { "id": "5680526", "text": "of the Dublin and Belfast governments, which solved problems of jurisdiction without addressing the sovereignty question. The Commission was superseded by the Foyle, Carlingford and Irish Lights Commission established after the Good Friday Agreement under the remit of the North/South Ministerial Council. It is not evident that the territorial waters generally remain disputed in practice between the two states but the precise maritime boundary between Ireland and the United Kingdom concerning Lough Foyle (and similarly Carlingford Lough) remains disputed in principle. As recently as 2005, when asked to list those areas of EU member states where border definition is in", "title": "Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border" }, { "id": "3878415", "text": "that Ireland did not recognise Britain's claim to the entirety of Lough Foyle. Lough Foyle Lough Foyle, sometimes Loch Foyle ( or \"loch of the lip\"), is the estuary of the River Foyle, on the north coast of Ireland. It lies between County Londonderry in Northern Ireland and County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland. Sovereignty over these waters has been in dispute since the Partition of Ireland. The Lough Foyle Ramsar site (wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention) is 2204.36 hectares in area, at latitude 55 05 24 N and longitude 07 01 37 W. It", "title": "Lough Foyle" }, { "id": "3878405", "text": "Lough Foyle Lough Foyle, sometimes Loch Foyle ( or \"loch of the lip\"), is the estuary of the River Foyle, on the north coast of Ireland. It lies between County Londonderry in Northern Ireland and County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland. Sovereignty over these waters has been in dispute since the Partition of Ireland. The Lough Foyle Ramsar site (wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention) is 2204.36 hectares in area, at latitude 55 05 24 N and longitude 07 01 37 W. It was designated a Ramsar site on 2 February 1999. The site consists of", "title": "Lough Foyle" }, { "id": "5590168", "text": "North Channel (Great Britain and Ireland) The North Channel (known in Irish and Scottish Gaelic as \"Sruth na Maoile\", in Scots as the \"Sheuch\" and alternatively in English as the Straits of Moyle or Sea of Moyle) is the strait between north-eastern Northern Ireland and south-western Scotland. It connects the Irish Sea with the Atlantic Ocean, and is part of the marine area officially classified as the \"Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland\" by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). The southern boundary of the strait is a line joining the Mull of Galloway and Ballyquintin Point. The northern", "title": "North Channel (Great Britain and Ireland)" }, { "id": "20903802", "text": "was past, and ended up being lost on the shores of Ireland in the following weeks. Fair Isle Channel The Fair Isle Channel, also known as the Fair Isle Gap, is a body of water in northwest Scotland in the North Sea separating the Orkney Islands from the Shetland Islands. It is so named because of the presence of the Fair Isle, one of the Shetland Islands, which is located near its center. The Fair Isle Channel is believed to be one of the bodies of water used by the Spanish Armada in 1588 during its attempt to return to", "title": "Fair Isle Channel" }, { "id": "13481321", "text": "on its western side and shallower bays to the east. The western channel's depth ranges from up to in the Beaufort's Dyke in the North Channel. Cardigan Bay in the south, and the waters to the east of the Isle of Man, are less than deep. With a total water volume of and a surface area of , 80% is to the west of the Isle of Man. The largest sandbanks are the Bahama and King William Banks to the east and north of the Isle of Man and the Kish Bank, Codling Bank, Arklow Bank and Blackwater Bank near", "title": "Irish Sea" }, { "id": "13481322", "text": "the coast of Ireland. The Irish Sea, at its greatest width, is and narrows to . The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Irish Sea (with St George's Channel) as follows, The Irish Sea has undergone a series of dramatic changes over the last 20,000 years as the last glacial period ended and was replaced by warmer conditions. At the height of the glaciation, the central part of the modern sea was probably a long freshwater lake. As the ice retreated 10,000 years ago, the lake reconnected to the sea. Ireland has no tunnel or bridge connection to", "title": "Irish Sea" }, { "id": "13481320", "text": "and transport, fishing, and power generation in the form of wind power and nuclear power plants. Annual traffic between Great Britain and Ireland amounts to over 12 million passengers and of traded goods. The Irish Sea is connected to the North Atlantic at both its northern and southern ends. To the north, the connection is through the North Channel between Scotland and Northern Ireland and the Malin Sea. The southern end is linked to the Atlantic through the St George's Channel between Ireland and Pembrokeshire, and the Celtic Sea. It is composed of a deeper channel about long and wide", "title": "Irish Sea" }, { "id": "429106", "text": "United Kingdom The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland but more commonly known as the UK or Britain, is a sovereign country lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the", "title": "United Kingdom" }, { "id": "14107341", "text": "Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland The Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland is a marine area designated by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). It consists of a number of waterbodies between the Scottish mainland, the Outer Hebrides islands, and the coast of Ireland. Waterbodies within the Inner Seas include the Minch and Little Minch, the Sound of Harris, the Inner Sound, the Sea of the Hebrides, the Firth of Lorn, the Sound of Jura, the Firth of Clyde, Belfast Lough and the North Channel. The IHO defines the limits of the Inner Seas as follows:", "title": "Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland" }, { "id": "3616849", "text": "flow) in cubic metres per second. The longest river in Ireland is the River Shannon, at . The river develops into three lakes along its course, Lough Allen, Lough Ree and Lough Derg. Of these, Lough Derg is the largest. The Shannon enters the Atlantic Ocean at the Shannon Estuary. Other major rivers include the River Liffey, River Lee, River Swilly, River Foyle, River Lagan, River Erne, River Blackwater, River Nore, River Suir, River Barrow (The Three Sisters), River Bann, River Slaney, River Boyne, River Moy and River Corrib. Lengths obtained from the Ordnance Survey of Ireland: \"Rivers and their", "title": "Rivers of Ireland" }, { "id": "5648179", "text": "land area, grasses and rough grazing 36%, other agricultural land 5%, forest and woodland 8%, and urban development 21%. England has two land borders: a border with Scotland that follows the Cheviot Hills and a border with Wales that loosely follows the route of Offa's Dyke. To the west, the Irish Sea separates England from Ireland and the Isle of Man; to the east, the North Sea separates England from Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium and to the south, the English Channel separates England from France and the Channel Islands. England boasts one of the largest economies in Europe", "title": "Geography of England" }, { "id": "190498", "text": "Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ), also known as the Republic of Ireland ('), is a country in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, which is located on the eastern part of the island, and whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country's over 4.8 million inhabitants. The sovereign state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, Saint George's Channel to", "title": "Republic of Ireland" }, { "id": "18069238", "text": "Malin Sea The Malin Sea is a marginal sea of the North-East Atlantic over the Malin Shelf, the continental shelf north of Ireland and southwest of Scotland. It is connected to the Irish Sea by the North Channel, and overlaps the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland. Of the UK Shipping Forecast areas, the Malin Sea covers most of Malin, and by some definitions extends into Rockall. The area is within the exclusive economic zones of Ireland and the United Kingdom. Different authorities give different limits for the Malin Sea. The 2002 draft of the International Hydrographic Organization's", "title": "Malin Sea" }, { "id": "2518421", "text": "formed when Ireland's legendary giant Fionn mac Cumhaill (Finn McCool) scooped up a chunk of earth and tossed it at a Scottish rival. It fell into the Irish Sea, forming the Isle of Man, while the crater left behind filled with water to form Lough Neagh. Lough Neagh Lough Neagh ( ) is a large freshwater lake in Northern Ireland. It is the largest lake by area in the British Isles, with a surface area of . It supplies 40% of Northern Ireland's water. Its main inflows are the Upper River Bann and River Blackwater, and its main outflow is", "title": "Lough Neagh" }, { "id": "1368995", "text": "the River Liffey, River Lee, River Blackwater, River Nore, River Suir, River Barrow, River Bann, River Foyle, River Erne, and River Boyne (see the list of rivers in Ireland). Lough Neagh, in Ulster, is the largest lake in Ireland and Britain. Other large lakes include Lough Erne and Lough Corrib. Beginning with County Donegal, Lough Swilly separates one side of the Inishowen peninsula. Lough Foyle on the other side, is one of Ireland's larger inlets, situated between County Donegal and County Londonderry. Further round the coast is Belfast Lough, between County Antrim and County Down. Also in County Down is", "title": "Geography of Ireland" }, { "id": "613223", "text": "River Severn The River Severn (, ) is the longest river in Great Britain at a length of , and the second longest in the British Isles after the River Shannon in Ireland. It rises at an altitude of on Plynlimon, close to the Ceredigion/Powys border near Llanidloes, in the Cambrian Mountains of mid Wales. It then flows through Shropshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire, with the county towns of Shrewsbury, Worcester and Gloucester on its banks. With an average discharge of at Apperley, Gloucestershire, the Severn is by far the greatest river in terms of water flow in England and Wales.", "title": "River Severn" }, { "id": "13481336", "text": "the prospect is of great interest as exploration drilling, together with any future development costs, are likely to be low. Below is a list of cities and towns around the Irish Sea coasts in order of size: The most accessible and possibly the greatest wildlife resource of the Irish Sea lies in its estuaries: particularly the Dee Estuary, the Mersey Estuary, the Ribble Estuary, Morecambe Bay, the Solway Firth, Loch Ryan, the Firth of Clyde, Belfast Lough, Strangford Lough, Carlingford Lough, Dundalk Bay, Dublin Bay and Wexford Harbour. However, a lot of wildlife also depends on the cliffs, salt marshes", "title": "Irish Sea" }, { "id": "4143627", "text": "River Lee The River Lee (Irish: \"An Laoi\") is a river in Ireland. It rises in the Shehy Mountains on the western border of County Cork and flows eastwards through Cork, where it splits in two for a short distance, creating an island on which Cork's city centre is built, and empties into the Celtic Sea at Cork Harbour on the south coast, one of the largest natural harbours in the world. The catchment area of the River Lee is 1,253 km. The long-term average flow rate of the River Lee is 40.4 Cubic Metres per second (m/s) A hydro-electric", "title": "River Lee" }, { "id": "1368988", "text": "Geography of Ireland Politically, the island consists of the Republic of Ireland, with jurisdiction over about five-sixths of the island; and Northern Ireland, a constituent country (and an unconfirmed \"practical\" exclave) of the United Kingdom, with jurisdiction over the remaining sixth. Located west of the island of Great Britain, it is located at approximately . It has a total area of . It is separated from Great Britain by the Irish Sea and from mainland Europe by the Celtic Sea. Ireland and Great Britain, together with nearby islands, are known collectively as the British Isles; as the term British Isles", "title": "Geography of Ireland" }, { "id": "3656010", "text": "River Suir The River Suir (; , Irish \"An tSiúr\" or \"Abhainn na Siúire\") is a river in Ireland that flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Waterford after a distance of . The catchment area of the Suir is 3,610 km. Its long term average flow rate is 76.9 cubic metres per second (m/s), about twice the flow of either River Barrow (37.4 m/s) or River Nore (42.9 m/s) before these join, but a little less than Barrow's flow when it meets the Suir 20 km downstream (over 80 m/s). Popular with anglers, it holds plentiful reserves of brown trout.", "title": "River Suir" }, { "id": "5680520", "text": "closure in 1957, a section of one railway line between Clones, County Monaghan and Cavan crossed the border six times in eight miles, initially with customs checks at each crossing. A 1988 treaty demarcates the boundary of the exclusive economic zones across the continental shelf from the south Irish Sea southwest to the Celtic Sea. The exact division of territorial waters between Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland ('Southern Ireland' being coterminous with the territory of the modern-day Irish state) was a matter of some controversy from the outset. Section 1(2) of the Government of Ireland Act 1920 defined the respective", "title": "Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border" }, { "id": "3483420", "text": "place name, the term \"channel\" is another word for strait, which is defined as a relatively narrow body of water that connects two larger bodies of water. In this nautical context, the terms \"strait\", \"channel\", \"sound\", and \"passage\" are synonymous and usually interchangeable. For example, in an archipelago, the water between islands is typically called a \"channel\" or \"passage\". The English Channel is the strait between England and France. Extraterrestrial natural channels are found elsewhere in the Solar System than the Earth and the longest and widest of which are the outflow channels on Mars and the channels of Venus", "title": "Channel (geography)" }, { "id": "5196885", "text": "Belfast Lough Belfast Lough is a large, intertidal sea inlet on the east coast of Northern Ireland. At its head is the city and port of Belfast, which sits at the mouth of the River Lagan. The lough opens into the North Channel and connects Belfast to the Irish Sea. Belfast Lough is a long, wide and deep expanse of water, virtually free of strong tides. The inner part of the lough comprises a series of mudflats and lagoons. The outer lough is restricted to mainly rocky shores with some small sandy bays. The outer boundary of the lough is", "title": "Belfast Lough" }, { "id": "14473033", "text": "Sruwaddacon Bay Sruwaddacon Bay () is a tidal estuary which runs through the middle of the Gaeltacht Kilcommon parish in Erris, County Mayo, Ireland. It is of historical importance in Irish legend, an important marine habitat, an E.U. Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and an EU Special Protected Area (Birds Directive). Its translated name in English, \"Stream of the Long Hound\", reflects its general shape. It enters the Atlantic Ocean through Broadhaven Bay, another Special Area of Conservation. The estuary measures approximately 8.4 square kilometres and consists of a north-westerly-orientated main channel fed by the Glenamoy and Muingnabo rivers. A", "title": "Sruwaddacon Bay" }, { "id": "14107343", "text": "in Ireland. Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland The Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland is a marine area designated by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). It consists of a number of waterbodies between the Scottish mainland, the Outer Hebrides islands, and the coast of Ireland. Waterbodies within the Inner Seas include the Minch and Little Minch, the Sound of Harris, the Inner Sound, the Sea of the Hebrides, the Firth of Lorn, the Sound of Jura, the Firth of Clyde, Belfast Lough and the North Channel. The IHO defines the limits of the Inner Seas", "title": "Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland" }, { "id": "111144", "text": "the Devensian glaciation (the most recent glacial period, which ended around 10,000 years ago), Britain and Ireland were part of continental Europe, linked by an unbroken Weald-Artois Anticline, a ridge that acted as a natural dam holding back a large freshwater pro-glacial lake in the Doggerland region, now submerged under the North Sea. During this period the North Sea and almost all of the British Isles were covered by ice. The lake was fed by meltwater from the Baltic and from the Caledonian and Scandinavian ice sheets that joined to the north, blocking its exit. The sea level was about", "title": "English Channel" }, { "id": "45202", "text": "being the highest point on the islands at . Other mountainous areas include Wales and parts of Ireland, although only seven peaks in these areas reach above . Lakes on the islands are generally not large, although Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland is an exception, covering . The largest freshwater body in Great Britain (by area) is Loch Lomond at , and Loch Ness, by volume whilst Loch Morar is the deepest freshwater body in the British Isles, with a maximum depth of . There are a number of major rivers within the British Isles. The longest is the Shannon", "title": "British Isles" }, { "id": "190526", "text": "Northern Ireland’s current constitutional position: as part of the UK, but with strong links to Ireland\". The state extends over an area of about five-sixths () of the island of Ireland (), with Northern Ireland constituting the remainder. The island is bounded to the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean and to the northeast by the North Channel. To the east, the Irish Sea connects to the Atlantic Ocean via St George's Channel and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. The western landscape mostly consists of rugged cliffs, hills and mountains. The central lowlands are extensively covered with glacial", "title": "Republic of Ireland" }, { "id": "432826", "text": "North Atlantic and the North Sea, and comes within of the north-west coast of France, from which it is separated by the English Channel. It shares a 499 km international land boundary with the Republic of Ireland. The Channel Tunnel bored beneath the English Channel, now links the UK with France. The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are covered in their own respective articles, see below. The total area of the United Kingdom according to the Office for National Statistics is , comprising the island of Great Britain, the northeastern one-sixth of the island of Ireland (Northern Ireland) and", "title": "Geography of the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "3048184", "text": "Celtic Sea The Celtic Sea (; ; ; ; ) is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Ireland bounded to the east by Saint George's Channel; other limits include the Bristol Channel, the English Channel, and the Bay of Biscay, as well as adjacent portions of Wales, Cornwall, Devon, and Brittany. The southern and western boundaries are delimited by the continental shelf, which drops away sharply. The Isles of Scilly are an archipelago of small islands in the sea. The Celtic Sea receives its name from the Celtic heritage of the bounding lands to the", "title": "Celtic Sea" }, { "id": "432830", "text": "Central Lowlands, with upland and mountainous terrain located at the Southern Uplands. Wales is mostly mountainous, though south Wales is less mountainous than north and mid Wales. Northern Ireland consists of mostly hilly landscape and its geography includes the Mourne Mountains as well as Lough Neagh, at , the largest body of water in the UK. The overall geomorphology of the UK was shaped by a combination of forces including tectonics and climate change, in particular glaciation in northern and western areas. The tallest mountain in the UK (and British Isles) is Ben Nevis, in the Grampian Mountains, Scotland. The", "title": "Geography of the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "10220264", "text": "United Kingdom Continental Shelf The UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) is the region of waters surrounding the United Kingdom, in which the country has mineral rights. The UK continental shelf includes parts of the North Sea, the North Atlantic, the Irish Sea and the English Channel; the area includes large resources of oil and gas. The UK continental shelf is bordered by Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, and the Republic of Ireland. A median line, setting out the domains of each of these nations was established by mutual agreement between them, see the Continental Shelf Act 1964. Responsibility for", "title": "United Kingdom Continental Shelf" }, { "id": "20549867", "text": "Land-use in Wales Wales has a surface area of 20,779 km or 2,077,900 ha. It has a border with England to the east, and is bounded by the Irish Sea to the north and west, and by the Bristol Channel to the south. It has an oceanic temperate climate which is markedly influenced by the North Atlantic Current carrying warm water from tropical latitudes. As a result, it has a much milder climate than most places in the world at similar latitudes. Altitudes range from sea-level to 1085 m on the Snowdon Massif. The ways in which land is used", "title": "Land-use in Wales" }, { "id": "18069241", "text": "Approaches\" specifies the Malin Sea among the waters north and west of the North Sea within the remit of the Agreement. Malin Sea The Malin Sea is a marginal sea of the North-East Atlantic over the Malin Shelf, the continental shelf north of Ireland and southwest of Scotland. It is connected to the Irish Sea by the North Channel, and overlaps the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland. Of the UK Shipping Forecast areas, the Malin Sea covers most of Malin, and by some definitions extends into Rockall. The area is within the exclusive economic zones of Ireland", "title": "Malin Sea" }, { "id": "3633721", "text": "River Wyre The River Wyre is a river in Lancashire, England, United Kingdom, which flows into the Irish Sea at Fleetwood. It is approximately 28 miles (45 km) in length. The river is a County Biological Heritage Site. The river rises in the Forest of Bowland in central Lancashire, as two distinct tributaries, the Tarnbrook Wyre and the Marshaw Wyre, whose confluence is near the village of Abbeystead. In 1984 a pumping station, built just below the confluence as part of a water transfer scheme in the 1980s, was the location of the Abbeystead disaster, an explosion in which 16", "title": "River Wyre" }, { "id": "4540437", "text": "Carlingford Lough Carlingford Lough (; Ulster Scots: \"Carlinford Loch\" or \"Cairlinfurd Loch\") is a glacial fjord or sea inlet that forms part of the border between Northern Ireland to the north and the Republic of Ireland to the south. On its northern shore is County Down and on its southern shore is County Louth. At its extreme interior angle (the northwest corner) it is fed by the Newry River and the Newry Canal. The name is derived from the Old Norse \"Kerlingfjǫrðr\", which means \"narrow sea-inlet of the hag\". Historically it was called \"Cuan Snámh-Aighneach\", \"Snámh-Aighneach\" or \"Cuan Cairlinne\" in", "title": "Carlingford Lough" }, { "id": "8282802", "text": "on the sediment concentrations have been assessed in order to aid in the evaluation of the environmental quality of the ria estuary. Milford Haven Waterway Milford Haven Waterway (\"Welsh: Dyfrffordd Aberdaugleddau\") is a natural harbour in Pembrokeshire, West Wales. The Haven is a ria or drowned valley flooded at the end of the last Ice Age formed by the Pembroke River and the Daugleddau estuary, and winds west to the sea. As one of the deepest natural harbours in the world, it is a busy shipping channel, trafficked by ferries from Pembroke Dock to Ireland, oil tankers and pleasure craft.", "title": "Milford Haven Waterway" }, { "id": "6433408", "text": "water in Loch Ness is nearly double that of all the lakes of England and Wales combined, and is by volume the largest lake in the British Isles. Scotland's only land border is with England, and runs for between the basin of the River Tweed on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west. The Atlantic Ocean borders the west coast and the North Sea is to the east. The island of Ireland lies only from the southwestern peninsula of Kintyre; Norway is to the east; the Faroes, to the north; and Iceland, to the northwest. The climate", "title": "Geography of Scotland" }, { "id": "2463552", "text": "River Dee, Wales The River Dee (, ) is a river in the United Kingdom. It flows through parts of both Wales and England, forming part of the border between the two countries. The river rises in Snowdonia, Wales, flows east via Chester, England, and discharges to the sea in an estuary between Wales and the Wirral Peninsula in England. It has a total length of . The River Dee was the traditional boundary of the Kingdom of Gwynedd in Wales for centuries, possibly since its founding in the 5th century. It was recorded in the 13th century as \"flumen", "title": "River Dee, Wales" }, { "id": "1738944", "text": ", Bleaklow , Black Chew Head , Rombalds Moor and Winter Hill . For much of their length the Pennines form the main watershed in northern England, dividing east and west. The rivers Eden, Ribble, Dane and tributaries of the Mersey (including the Irwell, Tame and Goyt) flow westwards towards the Irish Sea. On the eastern side of the watershed, the rivers Tyne, Tees, Wear, Swale, Ure, Nidd, Wharfe, Aire, Calder and Don rise in the region and flow eastwards to the North Sea. The River Trent, however, rises on the western side of the Pennines before flowing around the", "title": "Pennines" }, { "id": "1308138", "text": "parallel with the \"West of Shetland\" step-out development from the North Sea hydrocarbon province. In 2000, the Helvick oil field was discovered, which was estimated to contain over of oil. The island's lush vegetation, a product of its mild climate and frequent rainfall, earns it the sobriquet \"the Emerald Isle\". Overall, Ireland has a mild but changeable oceanic climate with few extremes. The climate is typically insular and is temperate, avoiding the extremes in temperature of many other areas in the world at similar latitudes. This is a result of the moderating moist winds which ordinarily prevail from the South-Western", "title": "Ireland" }, { "id": "3656015", "text": "tidal. The tide turns above the Miloko chocolate crumb factory in Carrick-on-Suir. The flood waters spill onto the land above Miloko on the County Waterford side of the river. Carrick-on-Suir is tidal and has a 1–50-year flood defence. The Office of Public Works (OPW) now plan to install a 1–200-year flood defence where the river Suir flows through Waterford city. River Suir The River Suir (; , Irish \"An tSiúr\" or \"Abhainn na Siúire\") is a river in Ireland that flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Waterford after a distance of . The catchment area of the Suir is 3,610", "title": "River Suir" }, { "id": "4296542", "text": "River Avoca The Avoca () is a river in County Wicklow, Ireland. It is contained completely within the county. Its length is 35 miles (56.3 km). The Avoca starts life as two rivers, the Avonmore () and the Avonbeg (). These join together at a spot called the \"Meeting of the Waters\" (\"Cumar an dá Uisce\") in the \"Vale of Avoca\", which is considered a local beauty spot, and was celebrated by Thomas Moore in his song of the same name. The village of Avoca is situated on the river. The Avoca flows into the Irish Sea at Arklow where", "title": "River Avoca" }, { "id": "6078043", "text": "Newry Canal The Newry Canal, located in Northern Ireland, was built to link the Tyrone coalfields (via Lough Neagh and the River Bann) to the Irish Sea at Carlingford Lough near Newry. It was the first summit level canal to be built in Ireland or Great Britain, and pre-dated the more famous Bridgewater Canal by nearly thirty years and Sankey Canal by fifteen years. It was authorised by the Commissioners of Inland Navigation for Ireland, and was publicly funded. It was opened in 1742, but there were issues with the lock construction, the width of the summit level and the", "title": "Newry Canal" }, { "id": "193393", "text": "Isle of Man The Isle of Man ( ), sometimes referred to simply as Mann (; ), is a self-governing British Crown dependency in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland. The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, who holds the title of Lord of Mann and is represented by a lieutenant governor. Defence is the responsibility of the United Kingdom. Insurance and online gambling generate 17% of GNP each, followed by information and communications technology and banking with 9% each. The island has been inhabited since before 6500 BC. Gaelic cultural influence began in the 5th century", "title": "Isle of Man" }, { "id": "12712418", "text": "1972. Whether Monmouthshire was part of Wales, or an English county treated for most purposes as though it were Welsh, was also settled by the 1972 Act, which included it in Wales. The modern boundary between Wales and England runs from the salt marshes of the Dee estuary adjoining the Wirral Peninsula, across reclaimed land to the River Dee at Saltney just west of Chester. It then loops south to include within England an area southwest of Chester, before rejoining the Dee, and then loops east of the river to include within Wales a large area known as Maelor, formerly", "title": "England–Wales border" }, { "id": "1369001", "text": "Rockall Island may deserve this honour but its status is disputed, being claimed by the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Denmark (for the Faroe Islands) and Iceland. The most southerly point is the Fastnet Rock. The Hebrides off Scotland and Anglesey off Wales were grouped with Ireland (\"Hibernia\") by the Greco-Roman geographer Ptolemy, but this is no longer common. The climate of Ireland is mild, moist and changeable with abundant rainfall and a lack of temperature extremes. Ireland's climate is defined as a temperate oceanic climate, or \"Cfb\" on the Köppen climate classification system, a classification it shares with most", "title": "Geography of Ireland" }, { "id": "5648178", "text": "the Furness and Walney Island areas. Further north into Cumbria the Sellafield Nuclear Power Station lies along this coast. The English section of the Irish Sea coast ends at the border with Scotland in the Solway Firth. Seas bordering England are: Although the largest nation within the UK, England is relatively absent of large lakes, with many of its former wetlands being drained throughout the Middle Ages. Most of its largest lakes lie within the aptly named \"Lake District\" in Cumbria, Northern England. The total land area of England is . Crops and fallow land accounts for 30% of the", "title": "Geography of England" }, { "id": "18481047", "text": "Finn Lough History and Origins of Name Finn Lough forms part of a large body of water known as Lower Lough Erne, which stretches from Enniskillen to Ballyshannon on the border of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Finn Lough is also referred to as the \"back lough\" locally and is situated between the Letter Road and Boa Island. This lough was used by the Maguire clan as a calm port to keep their warships during peacetimes. Following the construction of the bridges across Boa Island in the 1950 the lough has been separated from the 'Broad Lough' and cruising boats rarely", "title": "Finn Lough" }, { "id": "7453327", "text": "River Blackwater (Northern Ireland) The River Blackwater or Ulster Blackwater is a river in County Armagh and County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It also forms part of the border between the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, flowing between counties Tyrone and Monaghan, intersecting into Monaghan briefly. Its source is to the north of Fivemiletown, County Tyrone. The river divides County Armagh from County Tyrone and also divides County Tyrone from County Monaghan. The river enters Lough Neagh west of Derrywarragh Island and is navigable from Maghery to Blackwatertown. The small Maghery Canal enters the Blackwater south of Derrywarragh Island.", "title": "River Blackwater (Northern Ireland)" }, { "id": "2518407", "text": "Lough Neagh Lough Neagh ( ) is a large freshwater lake in Northern Ireland. It is the largest lake by area in the British Isles, with a surface area of . It supplies 40% of Northern Ireland's water. Its main inflows are the Upper River Bann and River Blackwater, and its main outflow is the Lower River Bann. Its name comes (). The lough is owned by the Earl of Shaftesbury. With an area of , it is Ireland's largest lake, the 15th largest freshwater lake within the European Union and is ranked 31st in the list of largest lakes", "title": "Lough Neagh" }, { "id": "1291775", "text": "rather than a canal. See Canals of the United Kingdom for a list of the canals of Great Britain organised alphabetically by country, and lists of abandoned and future canal routes. Likewise, see Canals of Ireland, which covers both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Waterways in the United Kingdom Waterways in the United Kingdom is a link page for any waterway, river, canal, firth or estuary in the United Kingdom. See Rivers of the United Kingdom for a list of the rivers of the United Kingdom, organised geographically. Major navigable rivers include the Humber, Mersey, Yorkshire Ouse, Severn,", "title": "Waterways in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "45203", "text": "in Ireland at . The river Severn at is the longest in Great Britain. The climate of the British Isles is mild, moist and changeable with abundant rainfall and a lack of temperature extremes. It is defined as a temperate oceanic climate, or \"Cfb\" on the Köppen climate classification system, a classification it shares with most of northwest Europe. The islands receive generally cool summers and mild winters. The North Atlantic Drift (\"Gulf Stream\"), which flows from the Gulf of Mexico, brings with it significant moisture and raises temperatures 11 °C (20 °F) above the global average for the islands'", "title": "British Isles" }, { "id": "5339065", "text": "Severn Estuary The Severn Estuary () is the estuary of the River Severn, the longest river in Great Britain. It is the confluence of four major rivers, being the Severn, Wye, Usk and Avon, and other smaller rivers. Its high tidal range, approximately , means that it has been at the centre of discussions in the UK regarding renewable energy. Definitions of the limits of the Severn Estuary vary. A narrower definition adopted by some maps is that the river becomes the Severn Estuary after the Second Severn Crossing near Severn Beach, South Gloucestershire, and stretches to a line from", "title": "Severn Estuary" }, { "id": "197316", "text": "Geography of the Isle of Man The Isle of Man is an island in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland in Western Europe, with a population of almost 85,000. It is a British Crown dependency. It has a small islet, the Calf of Man, to its south. It is located at . Area: <br>\"Land:\" <br>\"Water:\" <br>\"Total:\" This makes it: The Isle of Man has a coastline of , and a territorial sea extending to a maximum of 12 nm from the coast, or the midpoint between other countries. The total territorial sea area is about 4000 km or", "title": "Geography of the Isle of Man" }, { "id": "6705883", "text": "Liverpool Bay Liverpool Bay is a bay of the Irish Sea between northeast Wales, Cheshire, Lancashire and Merseyside to the east of the Irish Sea. The bay is a classic example of a region of freshwater influence. Liverpool Bay has historically suffered from reduced oxygen content from prior massive discharges of sewage sludge, according to C.Michael Hogan. The rivers Alt, Clwyd, Dee, Ribble and Mersey drain into the bay. The bay is littered with wrecks and has many dive sites. The bay also contains several oil and gas fields including the Douglas Complex, with a combined daily capacity (January 2008)", "title": "Liverpool Bay" }, { "id": "826657", "text": "Solway Firth The Solway Firth () is a firth that forms part of the border between England and Scotland, between Cumbria (including the Solway Plain) and Dumfries and Galloway. It stretches from St Bees Head, just south of Whitehaven in Cumbria, to the Mull of Galloway, on the western end of Dumfries and Galloway. The Isle of Man is also very near to the firth. The firth comprises part of the Irish Sea. The coastline is characterised by lowland hills and small mountains. It is a mainly rural area with fishing and hill farming (as well as some arable farming)", "title": "Solway Firth" }, { "id": "5648177", "text": "North Sea coast in that it is mainly flat and sandy, with the only notable cliffs along this stretch of coast being at St Bees Head in Cumbria. The English Irish Sea coast is an important area of estuaries and bird life, with Wirral being a peninsula bounded by two rivers, the River Dee and the River Mersey. Liverpool and Merseyside are areas of high population and important industry along this coast, with tourist resorts of Southport and Blackpool being further to the north. The English Irish Sea coast hosts two important geographic areas, Morecambe Bay, a large bay, and", "title": "Geography of England" }, { "id": "1308070", "text": "Irish climate is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and thus very moderate, and winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area, although summers are cooler than those in continental Europe. Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant. The earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC (12,500 years ago). Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century AD. The island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. Following the 12th century Norman invasion, England claimed sovereignty. However, English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to", "title": "Ireland" }, { "id": "7453339", "text": "despite vigorous campaigning by the counties supporting the Upper Bann Navigation Trust, the government refused to disband it, and it continued to be funded until 1954, when the Ministry of Commerce took over the waterways and effectively closed them. River Blackwater (Northern Ireland) The River Blackwater or Ulster Blackwater is a river in County Armagh and County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It also forms part of the border between the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, flowing between counties Tyrone and Monaghan, intersecting into Monaghan briefly. Its source is to the north of Fivemiletown, County Tyrone. The river divides County", "title": "River Blackwater (Northern Ireland)" }, { "id": "4617460", "text": "River Duddon The Duddon is a river of north-west England. It rises at a point above sea level near the Three Shire Stone at the highest point of Wrynose Pass (). The river descends to the sea over a course of about before entering the Irish Sea at the Duddon Sands. In total, from source to the westernmost part of Duddon Sands, its length is . For its entire length the Duddon forms the boundary between the historic counties of Lancashire and Cumberland. Since local government re-organisation in 1974 the Duddon has been in the county of Cumbria. The catchment", "title": "River Duddon" }, { "id": "4385168", "text": "Dee Regulation Scheme The River Dee regulation scheme is a system of flow balancing and quality management along the River Dee managed by a consortium of the three largest water companies licensed to take water from the river, United Utilities, Welsh Water and Severn Trent Water; together with the regulator, Natural Resources Wales. The water demands of North West England including Liverpool and the Wirral far exceed the locally available sources of clean water. The River Dee runs mainly in North Wales before flowing through Chester, England, and then returning to Wales in a man-made channel constructed to gain land", "title": "Dee Regulation Scheme" }, { "id": "13481350", "text": "of plutonium. The highest concentration is found in the eastern Irish Sea in sediment banks lying parallel to the Cumbrian coast. This area acts as a significant source of wider contamination as radionuclides are dissolved once again. Studies have revealed that 80% of current sea water contamination by caesium is sourced from sediment banks, whilst plutonium levels in the western sediment banks between the Isle of Man and the Irish coast are being maintained by contamination redistributed from the eastern sediment banks. The consumption of seafood harvested from the Irish Sea is the main pathway for exposure of humans to", "title": "Irish Sea" }, { "id": "15240539", "text": "River Annas The River Annas is a minor river in Cumbria in northwest England. It is formed as the Kinmont Beck and Crookley Beck which drain the southwestern fells of the Lake District, meet on the eastern edge of the village of Bootle. Their combined waters flow southwest towards Annaside on the Irish Sea coast. However longshore drift has diverted the river northwestwards parallel to the shore for a further so that it enters the sea at Selker. This section of river is followed by the Cumbria Coastal Way. The river is bridged by the A595 road and the Cumbrian", "title": "River Annas" }, { "id": "3878581", "text": "River Nore The River Nore () is a long river located in south-east of Ireland. Along with the River Suir and River Barrow, it is one of the constituent rivers of the group known as the Three Sisters. The river drains approximately of Leinster. The long term average flow rate of the River Nore is 42.9 cubic metres per second (m/s) The river rises in the Devil's Bit Mountain, County Tipperary. Flowing generally southeast, and then south, before emptying into the Celtic Sea at Waterford Harbour, Waterford. Parts of the river are listed as Special Areas of Conservation. The river", "title": "River Nore" }, { "id": "5177137", "text": "River Erne The River Erne ( , or \"An Éirne\") in the northwest of the island of Ireland, is the second-longest river in Ulster flowing through Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. It rises on the east shoulder of Slieve Glah mountain three miles south of Cavan in County Cavan, Republic of Ireland, and flows 80 miles (129 km) through Lough Gowna, Lough Oughter and Upper and Lower Lough Erne, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, to the sea at Ballyshannon, County Donegal back in the Republic. For 30 miles from Crossdoney in County Cavan to Enniskillen in County Fermanagh, it", "title": "River Erne" }, { "id": "45188", "text": "British Isles The British Isles are an archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-western coast of continental Europe that consists of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man and over six thousand smaller isles. They have a total area of about 315,159 km and a combined population of just under 70 million, and include two sovereign states, the Republic of Ireland (which covers roughly five-sixths of the island of Ireland) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The islands of Alderney, Jersey, Guernsey and Sark, and their neighbouring smaller islands, are sometimes", "title": "British Isles" }, { "id": "3616848", "text": "Rivers of Ireland Shown here are all the major rivers and tributaries of Ireland with their lengths (in kilometres and miles). Starting with the Northern Ireland rivers, and going in a clockwise direction, the rivers (and tributaries) are listed in regard to their entry into the different seas: the Irish Sea, the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Also shown are two tables. \"Table 1\" shows the longest rivers in Ireland with their lengths (in kilometres and miles), the counties they flow through, and their catchment areas (in square kilometres). \"Table 2\" shows the largest rivers in Ireland (by mean", "title": "Rivers of Ireland" }, { "id": "3766551", "text": "Ballybunion Ballybunion or Ballybunnion () is a coastal town and seaside resort in County Kerry, Ireland, on the Wild Atlantic Way, from the town of Listowel. The famous Castle Green divides the two main beaches, with the Ladies Beach on the right and the Mens Beach to the left, names given to the fact that both sexes swam on separate beaches on the orders of the local parish priest, who walked it daily ensuring the rule wasn't broken. Further to the left of the Men's beach lies the Long Strand, a 3.2 km stretch of golden sand, overlooked by the", "title": "Ballybunion" }, { "id": "10704436", "text": "Shannon–Erne Waterway The Shannon–Erne Waterway (; Ulster-Scots: \"Shannon–Erne Wattèrgate\") is a canal linking the River Shannon in the Republic of Ireland with the River Erne in Northern Ireland. Managed by Waterways Ireland, the canal is in length, has sixteen locks and runs from Leitrim village in County Leitrim to Upper Lough Erne in County Fermanagh. The official opening of the Shannon–Erne Waterway took place at Corraguil Lock, Teemore, County Fermanagh on 23 May 1994. The earliest know name of the Shannon–Erne Waterway was the River Gráinne (Sruth Gráinne in Irish, meaning \"The Gravelly River\"). The earliest surviving mention of the", "title": "Shannon–Erne Waterway" }, { "id": "11136452", "text": "is a Blue Flag beach. Killala Bay Killala Bay () is a bay on the west coast of Ireland between County Mayo and County Sligo. It is situated between Lenadoon Point and Downpatrick Head and is the estuary for the River Moy. The village of Killala is situated at the southwest corner of the bay. Killala Bay is an excellent fishing location due to the close proximity of the deep waters of the continental shelf. Bartragh Island is situated in the center of the bay. Cockles can be found in the bay due to its sheltered nature Ross Strand on", "title": "Killala Bay" }, { "id": "3539567", "text": "Body of water A body of water or waterbody (often spelled water body) is any significant accumulation of water, generally on a planet's surface. The term most often refers to oceans, seas, and lakes, but it includes smaller pools of water such as ponds, wetlands, or more rarely, puddles. A body of water does not have to be still or contained; rivers, streams, canals, and other geographical features where water moves from one place to another are also considered bodies of water. Most are naturally occurring geographical features, but some are artificial. There are types that can be either. For", "title": "Body of water" }, { "id": "973495", "text": "The Wash The Wash is a largely rectangular bay and estuary at the north-west corner of East Anglia on the East coast of England, where Norfolk meets Lincolnshire, and both border the North Sea. One of the broadest estuaries in the United Kingdom, it is fed by the rivers Witham, Welland, Nene and Great Ouse. It is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest. It is also a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, a National Nature Reserve, a Ramsar site, a Special Area of Conservation and a Special Protection Area. It is in the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding", "title": "The Wash" }, { "id": "1438437", "text": "as possible by the Dane Valley Way, a walking route from Buxton to Northwich. Although the main river is part of the Mersey catchment and flows into the Irish Sea, a portion of the water can be diverted via canal feeders into Rudyard Lake and subsequently the Caldon Canal. This water discharges eventually into the River Trent and ultimately into the North Sea, having crossed the English watershed. River Dane The River Dane is a tributary of the River Weaver that originates in the Peak District area of England. It forms the border between first Cheshire and Derbyshire on the", "title": "River Dane" }, { "id": "9112178", "text": "Waterways Ireland Waterways Ireland (; Ulster-Scots: \"Watterweys Airlann\") is one of the six all-Ireland North/South implementation bodies established under the Belfast Agreement in 1999. It is responsible for the management, maintenance, development, and restoration of inland navigable waterways primarily for recreational purposes. Included as inland waterways are the Barrow Navigation, the Erne System, the Grand Canal, the Lower Bann, the Royal Canal, the Shannon–Erne Waterway and the Shannon Navigation. Waterways Ireland has its headquarters in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, and regional offices in Carrick-on-Shannon, Dublin, and Scarriff in the Republic of Ireland. The Waterways Ireland Visitor Centre is located at 2", "title": "Waterways Ireland" }, { "id": "782120", "text": "allowing the area to become heavily wooded. The post-glacial rise in sea level separated Wales and Ireland, forming the Irish Sea. Doggerland was submerged by the North Sea and, by 8,000 BP, the British Peninsula had become an island. By the beginning of the Neolithic (c. 6,000 BP) sea levels in the Bristol Channel were still about lower than today. John Davies has theorised that the story of Cantre'r Gwaelod's drowning and tales in the Mabinogion, of the waters between Wales and Ireland being narrower and shallower, may be distant folk memories of this time. Neolithic colonists integrated with the", "title": "Wales" }, { "id": "10971590", "text": "or the \"Kingdom of Great Britain\". Great Britain lies on the European continental shelf, part of the Eurasian Plate. Situated off the north-west coast of continental Europe, it is separated from the mainland by the North Sea and by the English Channel, which narrows to at the Straits of Dover. It stretches over about ten degrees of latitude on its longer, north-south axis and occupies an area of , excluding the smaller surrounding islands. The North Channel, Irish Sea, St George's Channel and Celtic Sea separate the island from the island of Ireland to its west. The island is physically", "title": "Great Britain" }, { "id": "4560293", "text": "Abberton Reservoir Abberton Reservoir is an artificial body of water located close to the coast of Essex in the east of England. It is south-west of Colchester near the village of Layer de la Haye. The reservoir is the fourth largest reservoir in England with an area of . It is a Site of Special Scientific Interest,and also a Ramsar site, designated an internationally important wetland. It is a Special Protection Area, and it is listed in the Nature Conservation Review. A small part of the site is managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust. It is a large, shallow, freshwater", "title": "Abberton Reservoir" }, { "id": "4585886", "text": "River Laune The River Laune (; Irish: \"An Leamhain\") is a river in County Kerry, Ireland, which flows from Lough Leane (sometimes written as Lough Lein), one of the Lakes of Killarney, through Beaufort, past Ballymalis Castle, through the town of Killorglin, and empties into the sea, first at Castlemaine harbour beside the river Maine and then out through Dingle Bay. The Laune is well known for salmon and trout fishing. The river Laune is long and combined with the River Flesk , which feeds Lough Leane, has a total length of . It has a mean flow rate of", "title": "River Laune" }, { "id": "12674248", "text": "free of glaciers by about 10,250 BP. At that time sea levels were much lower than today, and the shallower parts of what is now the North Sea were dry land. The east coast of present-day England and the coasts of present-day Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands were connected by the former landmass known as Doggerland, forming the British Peninsula on the European mainland. The post-glacial rise in sea level separated Wales and Ireland, forming the Irish Sea. Doggerland was submerged by the North Sea and, by 8000 BP, the British Peninsula had become an island. By the beginning of", "title": "Parc Cwm long cairn" }, { "id": "642220", "text": "Drogheda Drogheda (; ) is one of the oldest towns in Ireland. It is known for its tourism and as a centre of industry and medical care. It is mostly located in County Louth, with the south of the town in County Meath, on the Dublin–Belfast corridor on the east coast of Ireland, 49 km or 30 miles north of Dublin, with a population of approximately 41,000 inhabitants (2016). It is the last bridging point on the River Boyne before it enters the Irish Sea. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Newgrange is located 8 km west of the town.", "title": "Drogheda" }, { "id": "11213861", "text": "Irish Conservation Box The Irish Conservation Box (ICB) or Biologically Sensitive Area (BSA) is a Marine Protected Area stretching along the southwest coast of Ireland. The ICB was defined based on advice from marine biologists, and following review by European Union fisheries ministers of the Common Fisheries Policy, as a means to safeguard the \"biological sensitivity and commercial importance\" of the waters around Ireland. Extended from Irish territorial waters, and comprising an area of more than 100,000 km², the ICB stretches from Waterford Harbour to Slyne Head, and follows the 200 metre bathymetric contour line along its western side. Fishing", "title": "Irish Conservation Box" }, { "id": "6078067", "text": "Ulster Way long distance footpath. It has been incorporated into the National Cycle Network, and is maintained by two wardens throughout the year. The Belfast–Newry railway line provides access for walkers to the canal at the Northern Ireland Railways stations of Portadown, Scarva and Poyntzpass. Newry Canal The Newry Canal, located in Northern Ireland, was built to link the Tyrone coalfields (via Lough Neagh and the River Bann) to the Irish Sea at Carlingford Lough near Newry. It was the first summit level canal to be built in Ireland or Great Britain, and pre-dated the more famous Bridgewater Canal by", "title": "Newry Canal" }, { "id": "5680501", "text": "Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border The Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, also known as the Irish border, runs for from Lough Foyle in the north of Ireland to Carlingford Lough in the northeast, separating the Republic of Ireland from Northern Ireland. Border markings are comparatively inconspicuous, in common with many inter-state borders in the European Union. As both states share a Common Travel Area and are part of the European Single Market, the border is essentially an open one, allowing free passage of people since 1923 and of goods since 1993. There are approximately 270 public roads that cross the", "title": "Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border" }, { "id": "18069240", "text": "divides its coastal waters into habitats, one being \"Minches and Malin Sea\", defined as \"north from the Mull of Kintyre to Cape Wrath incorporating the sea area between the Scottish mainland and the Western Isles\". The name \"Malin Sea\" comes from Malin Head, the northernmost part of the Inishowen peninsula in northwest Ireland. The name was used in scientific publications from the 1970s, and was agreed in 1998 by the signatories of the OSPAR Convention on environmental protection in the North-East Atlantic. The 2001 revised text of the Bonn Agreement on pollution in \"the Greater North Sea and its wider", "title": "Malin Sea" }, { "id": "18809777", "text": "NATURA 2000 site; it is also a \"Natural Heritage Area\", defined and managed by the Irish National Parks & Wildlife Service. Sligo Bay Sligo Bay () is a natural ocean bay in County Sligo, Republic of Ireland. Sligo Bay is opened between Aughris Head (South side) and Roskeeragh Point (North). The inner part of the bay is divided into three smaller bodies of water, hosting the estuaries of three rivers: Drumcliff, Garavogue and Bonet. The river Garavogue reaches the bay in its central part, named \"Sligo Harbour\", which is divided from the outer part of the bay by three small", "title": "Sligo Bay" }, { "id": "1368996", "text": "Strangford Lough, actually an inlet partially separating the Ards peninsula from the mainland. Further down the coast, Carlingford Lough is situated between Down and County Louth. Dublin Bay is the next sizeable inlet, while the eastern coast of Ireland is mostly uniform until Wexford Harbour at the mouth of the River Slaney. On the southern coast, Waterford Harbour is situated at the mouth of the River Suir (into which the other two of the Three Sisters (River Nore and River Barrow) flow). The next major inlet is Cork Harbour, at the mouth of the River Lee, in which Great Island", "title": "Geography of Ireland" }, { "id": "15240540", "text": "coast railway line. River Annas The River Annas is a minor river in Cumbria in northwest England. It is formed as the Kinmont Beck and Crookley Beck which drain the southwestern fells of the Lake District, meet on the eastern edge of the village of Bootle. Their combined waters flow southwest towards Annaside on the Irish Sea coast. However longshore drift has diverted the river northwestwards parallel to the shore for a further so that it enters the sea at Selker. This section of river is followed by the Cumbria Coastal Way. The river is bridged by the A595 road", "title": "River Annas" }, { "id": "1812154", "text": "River Boyne The River Boyne ( or \"Abhainn na Bóinne\") is a river in Leinster, Ireland, the course of which is about long. It rises at Trinity Well, Newberry Hall, near Carbury, County Kildare, and flows towards the Northeast through County Meath to reach the Irish Sea between Mornington, County Meath, and Baltray, County Louth. Salmon and trout can be caught in the river, which is surrounded by the Boyne Valley. It is crossed just west of Drogheda by the Boyne River Bridge, which carries the M1 motorway, and by the Boyne Viaduct, which carries the Dublin-Belfast railway line to", "title": "River Boyne" }, { "id": "10704456", "text": "Erne, which has another eight locks. Shannon–Erne Waterway The Shannon–Erne Waterway (; Ulster-Scots: \"Shannon–Erne Wattèrgate\") is a canal linking the River Shannon in the Republic of Ireland with the River Erne in Northern Ireland. Managed by Waterways Ireland, the canal is in length, has sixteen locks and runs from Leitrim village in County Leitrim to Upper Lough Erne in County Fermanagh. The official opening of the Shannon–Erne Waterway took place at Corraguil Lock, Teemore, County Fermanagh on 23 May 1994. The earliest know name of the Shannon–Erne Waterway was the River Gráinne (Sruth Gráinne in Irish, meaning \"The Gravelly River\").", "title": "Shannon–Erne Waterway" } ]	what is the body of water between england and ireland
[ "one" ]	[ { "id": "1121906", "text": "Lakh A lakh (; abbreviated L; sometimes written Lac or Lacs; Devanāgarī: लाख) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 10). In the Indian convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 \"lakh\" rupees, written as 1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000. It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English. In Pakistan, the word \"lakh\" is used mostly in local languages", "title": "Lakh" }, { "id": "3869242", "text": "a million would be an exceedingly tedious task due to the time and concentration required, there are many ways to bring the number \"down to size\" in approximate quantities, ignoring irregularities or packing effects. In Indian English and Pakistani English, it is also expressed as 10 lakh or 10 Lac. Lakh is derived from 'laksh' for 100,000 in Sanskrit. 1,000,000 1,000,000 (one million), or one thousand thousand, is the natural number following 999,999 and preceding 1,000,001. The word is derived from the early Italian \"millione\" (\"milione\" in modern Italian), from \"mille\", \"thousand\", plus the augmentative suffix \"-one\". It is commonly", "title": "1,000,000" }, { "id": "1121909", "text": "The root of the word \"lakh\" might be the Pali \"lakkha\" (masculine noun, \"mark, target, stake in gambling\"), from which the numerical meaning, \"one hundred thousand\" is derived. Another possible root could be the Sanskrit \"laksha\" (Devanagari: लक्ष \"lakṣa\"), which has similar meanings in that language. Lakh A lakh (; abbreviated L; sometimes written Lac or Lacs; Devanāgarī: लाख) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 10). In the Indian convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 \"lakh\" rupees, written as", "title": "Lakh" }, { "id": "3465646", "text": "Indian numbering system The Indian numbering system is used in the Indian subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) and in Burma. The terms \"lakh\" (100,000 or 1,00,000 in the Indian system) and \"crore\" (10,000,000 or 1,00,00,000 in the Indian system) are used in Indian English to express large numbers. For example, in India 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as 1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000, while 30,000,000 (thirty million) rupees becomes 3 crore rupees, written as 3,00,00,000 with commas at the thousand, \"lakh\", and \"crore\" levels, and 1,000,000,000 (one billion) rupees (one hundred crore rupees or one", "title": "Indian numbering system" }, { "id": "4533670", "text": "100,000 100,000 (one hundred thousand) is the natural number following 99,999 and preceding 100,001. In scientific notation, it is written as 10. In India, Pakistan and South Asia, one hundred thousand is called a lakh, and is written as 1,00,000. The Thai, Lao, Khmer and Vietnamese languages also have separate words for this number: , , [saen] and ức respectively. No other major language has a special word for this number, preferring to refer to it as a multiple of smaller numbers. In Cyrillic numerals, it is known as the legion (\"легион\"): or . In astronomy, 100,000 metres, 100 kilometres,", "title": "100,000" }, { "id": "3465647", "text": "arab अरब ) is written 1,00,00,00,000. While there are specific terms for numbers larger than 1 crore, these are not commonly used, and most practitioners are not familiar with these. In common parlance, the thousand, lakh, crore terminology repeats for larger numbers. Thus 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion) becomes 1 lakh crore, and is written as 10,00,00,00,00,000. The Indian numbering is equal to the western numbering system from ones then tens then hundreds then thousand then ten thousand. After ten thousand, the Indian and the western numbering diverge. According to the Indian numbering system, after ten thousand, the next power of ten", "title": "Indian numbering system" }, { "id": "4533671", "text": "or 100 km (62 miles) is the altitude at which the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) defines spaceflight to begin. In the Irish Language, céad míle fáilte (pronounced: ) is a popular greeting meaning \"A Hundred Thousand Welcomes\". 100,000 100,000 (one hundred thousand) is the natural number following 99,999 and preceding 100,001. In scientific notation, it is written as 10. In India, Pakistan and South Asia, one hundred thousand is called a lakh, and is written as 1,00,000. The Thai, Lao, Khmer and Vietnamese languages also have separate words for this number: , , [saen] and ức respectively. No other major", "title": "100,000" }, { "id": "1121752", "text": "Crore A crore (; abbreviated cr) or kodi denotes ten million (10,000,000 or 10 in scientific notation) and is equal to 100 \"lakh\" in the Indian numbering system as 1,00,00,000 with the local style of digit group separators (a \"lakh\" is equal to one hundred thousand and is written as 1,00,000). Large amounts of money in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal are often written in terms of \"crores\". For example, 150,000,000 (one hundred and fifty million) is written as 'fifteen \"crore\" rupees', '15crore' or 'Rs 15 crore'. Trillions (in the short scale) of money are often written or spoken of", "title": "Crore" }, { "id": "3465650", "text": "one million million. There are various systems of numeration found in various ancient Vedic literatures of India. The following table gives one such system used in the Tamil ancient numbering system. Indian numbering system The Indian numbering system is used in the Indian subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) and in Burma. The terms \"lakh\" (100,000 or 1,00,000 in the Indian system) and \"crore\" (10,000,000 or 1,00,00,000 in the Indian system) are used in Indian English to express large numbers. For example, in India 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as 1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000, while", "title": "Indian numbering system" }, { "id": "3465649", "text": "system groups the rightmost three digits together (until the hundreds place), and thereafter groups by sets of two digits. One trillion would thus be written as 10,00,00,00,00,000 or one lakh crore (or 10 kharab). This makes the number convenient to read using thousand, lakh, crore terminology. Thus: This accords with the Indian numbering system, which has units for thousands, hundreds of thousands, tens of millions, etc. GghbnhThe table below follows the short scale usage of one billion being one thousand million. In India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, following former British usage, the long scale was used, with one billion equivalent to", "title": "Indian numbering system" }, { "id": "1121907", "text": "rather than in English media. In Indian English, the word is used both as an attributive and non-attributive noun, and with either a marked (\"-s\") or unmarked plural, as in: \"1 \"lakh\" people\" or \"1 \"lakh\" of people\"; \"200 \"lakh\" rupees\"; \"5 \"lakh\" of rupees\"; \"rupees 10 lakh\"; or \"5 \"lakh\" of rupees\". In the abbreviated form, usage such as \"5L\" (for \"rupees 5 \"lakh\"\") is common. In this system of numeration 100 \"lakh\" is called one \"crore\" and is equal to 10 million. In colloquial Urdu, especially in the city of Karachi, the word \"peti\" (\"suitcase\") is also used", "title": "Lakh" }, { "id": "4030784", "text": "100 crore or 1 arab. The facts below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000 (10) is in the context of time according to current scientific evidence: A is a cube; B consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube \"A\", C consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube \"B\"; and D consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube \"C\". Thus there are \"A\"-sized cubes in \"C\"; and 1,000,000,000 \"A\"-sized cubes in \"D\". 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000 (one billion, short scale; one thousand million or milliard, yard, long scale) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001. One billion", "title": "1,000,000,000" }, { "id": "3465648", "text": "is one lakh, then ten lakh, then one crore, then ten crore, and so on. According to the Western numbering system, after ten thousand, the next power of ten is referred to as one hundred thousand, then one million, then ten million, then one hundred million, and so on. The two numbering systems are not functionally different — 10,000 (Indian system) = 10,000 (Western system) — but they assign different names to the same number. The Indian numbering system uses separators differently from the international norm. Instead of grouping digits by threes as in the international system, the Indian numbering", "title": "Indian numbering system" }, { "id": "1847253", "text": "Per mille A per mille (from Latin , \"in each thousand\"), also spelled per mil, per mill, permil, permill, or permille is a sign indicating parts per thousand. Per mil should not be confused with parts per million (ppm). The sign is written ‰, which looks like a percent sign (%) with an extra zero in the divisor. It is included in the General Punctuation block of Unicode characters: . It is accessible in Windows using codice_1, and is accessible via a Compose Key using codice_2. The term occurs so rarely in English that major dictionaries do not agree on", "title": "Per mille" }, { "id": "1302504", "text": "it we find the definition of the number \"untold\" as exactly 10, expanded in the 2nd verses to 10 and continuing a similar expansion indeterminately. A few large numbers used in India by about 5th century BC (\"See Georges Ifrah: A Universal History of Numbers, pp 422–423\"): In the Western world, specific number names for larger numbers did not come into common use until quite recently. The Ancient Greeks used a system based on the myriad, that is ten thousand; and their largest named number was a myriad myriad, or one hundred million. In \"The Sand Reckoner\", Archimedes (c. 287–212", "title": "History of large numbers" }, { "id": "1749361", "text": "= 1 arab, 100 arab = 1 kharab/khrab, 100 Kharab/khrab = 1 nil/neel, 100 nil/neel = 1 padma, 100 padma = 1 shankh, 100 shankh = 1 udpadha, 100 udpadha = 1 ank). Terms beyond a crore are not generally used in the context of money, e.g. an amount would be called Rs 1 lakh crore (equivalent to 1 trillion) instead of Rs 10 kharab. The rupee sign “₨” is a currency sign used to represent the monetary unit of account in Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Mauritius and Seychelles. It resembles, and is often written as, the Latin character sequence", "title": "Rupee" }, { "id": "1121908", "text": "to denote one \"lakh\" rupees. This originated during the General Zia era, when the largest denomination of currency was the 100 rupee note, and one \"lakh\" rupees would fill a small suitcase (\"peti\" as in Bombay Hindi). Hence, even after the Zia era, one \"peti\" has continued to mean one \"lakh\" rupees. The word \"lakhi\" is commonly used throughout Tanzania to denote 100,000 shillings and is likely to have entered the Swahili language from Indian and Pakistani immigrants. The term is also used in the pricing of silver on the international precious metals market, where one \"lakh\" equals of silver.", "title": "Lakh" }, { "id": "1880516", "text": "Scouse and Welsh English. The Indian numbering system is preferred for digit grouping. When written in words, or when spoken, numbers less than 100,000/100 000 are expressed just as they are in Standard English. Numbers including and beyond 100,000 / 100 000 are expressed in a subset of the Indian numbering system. Thus, the following scale is used: Larger numbers are generally expressed as multiples of the above (for example, one lakh crores for one trillion). Indian English has political, sociological, and administrative terms of modern India: dharna, hartal, eve-teasing, vote bank, swaraj, swadeshi, scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, NRI; it", "title": "Indian English" }, { "id": "15780769", "text": "Dus Lakh Dus Lakh (English: Ten Lakhs or One Million) is a 1966 Hindi comedy film. It was produced and directed by Devendra Goel. Music was composed by Ravi. The starcast included Om Prakash, Sanjay Khan, Babita, Manorama, Helen, Pran, Ramesh Deo, Seema Deo, Neetu Singh and others. Om Prakash won the Filmfare Best Comedian Award and Asha Bhosle won the Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer for the song \"Garibon ki Suno\" in 1967 for this movie. The story of the film revolves around how the fortunes of a family change after they inherit ten lakh rupees. Gokulchand", "title": "Dus Lakh" }, { "id": "3869240", "text": "1,000,000 1,000,000 (one million), or one thousand thousand, is the natural number following 999,999 and preceding 1,000,001. The word is derived from the early Italian \"millione\" (\"milione\" in modern Italian), from \"mille\", \"thousand\", plus the augmentative suffix \"-one\". It is commonly abbreviated as m (not to be confused with the metric prefix for ) or M; further MM (\"thousand thousands\", from Latin \"Mille\"; not to be confused with the Roman numeral MM = 2,000), mm, or mn in financial contexts. In scientific notation, it is written as or 10. Physical quantities can also be expressed using the SI prefix mega", "title": "1,000,000" }, { "id": "2436457", "text": "100 (number) 100 or one hundred (Roman numeral: Ⅽ) is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101. In medieval contexts, it may be described as the short hundred or five score in order to differentiate the English and Germanic use of \"hundred\" to describe the long hundred of six score or 120. 100 is the square of 10 (in scientific notation it is written as 10). The standard SI prefix for a hundred is \"hecto-\". 100 is the basis of percentages (\"per cent\" meaning \"per hundred\" in Latin), with 100% being a full amount. 100 is the sum of", "title": "100 (number)" }, { "id": "1121753", "text": "in terms of \"lakh crore\". For example, \"one trillion rupees\" is:<br> \"Lakh\" is also used in Sri Lanka; however, most Sri Lankans use the term \"koatiya\" () or \"koti\" () for \"crore\" when referring to money. The word \"crore\" is a borrowing from the Prakrit word \"kroḍi\", is in turn from the Sanskrit \"koṭi\", denoting ten million in the Indian numbering system, which has separate terms for most powers of ten from 10 up to 10. The \"crore\" is known by various regional names. Crore A crore (; abbreviated cr) or kodi denotes ten million (10,000,000 or 10 in scientific", "title": "Crore" }, { "id": "1847254", "text": "the spelling or pronunciation even within a single dialect of English and some major dictionaries such as \"Macmillan\" and \"Longman\" do not even contain an entry. The term is more common in other European languages where it is used in contexts, such as blood alcohol content, that are usually expressed as a percentage in English-speaking countries. Examples of use include: Per mille A per mille (from Latin , \"in each thousand\"), also spelled per mil, per mill, permil, permill, or permille is a sign indicating parts per thousand. Per mil should not be confused with parts per million (ppm). The", "title": "Per mille" }, { "id": "4030782", "text": "1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000 (one billion, short scale; one thousand million or milliard, yard, long scale) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001. One billion can also be written as b or bn. In scientific notation, it is written as 1 × 10. The metric prefix giga indicates 1,000,000,000 times the base unit. Its symbol is G. One billion years may be called \"eon\"/\"aeon\" in astronomy or geology. Previously in British English (but not in American English), the word \"billion\" referred exclusively to a million millions (1,000,000,000,000). However, this is no longer as common as earlier, and the word has", "title": "1,000,000,000" }, { "id": "2716099", "text": "The number 10000 can also be written 10,000 (UK and US), 10.000 (Europe mainland), 10 000 (transition metric), or 10•000 (with the dot raised to the middle of the zeroes; metric). 10,000 10,000 (ten thousand) is the natural number following 9,999 and preceding 10,001. Many languages have a specific word for this number: in Ancient Greek it is (the etymological root of the word myriad in English), in Aramaic , in Hebrew [], in Chinese (Mandarin , Cantonese , Hokkien \"bān\"), in Japanese [], in Khmer [], in Korean [], in Vietnamese , in Thai [], and in Malayalam [].", "title": "10,000" }, { "id": "2347891", "text": "Lagaan Lagaan () (released worldwide as Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India) is a 2001 Indian historical sports film, directed by Ashutosh Gowariker, produced by Aamir Khan and written by Gowariker and Abbas Tyrewala. Aamir Khan stars along with debutant Gracy Singh, with British actors Rachel Shelley and Paul Blackthorne playing supporting roles. Made on a then-unprecedented budget of (), the film was shot in an ancient village near Bhuj, India. The film is set in the Victorian period of India's colonial British Raj. The story revolves around a small village whose inhabitants, burdened by high taxes, find themselves", "title": "Lagaan" }, { "id": "4881158", "text": "Percent sign The percent (per cent) sign (%) is the symbol used to indicate a percentage, a number or ratio as a fraction of 100. Related signs include the permille (per thousand) sign ‰ and the permyriad (per ten thousand) sign ‱ (also known as a basis point), which indicate that a number is divided by one thousand or ten thousand respectively. Higher proportions use parts-per notation. English style guides prescribe writing the number and percent sign without any space between. However, the International System of Units and ISO 31-0 standard prescribe a space between the number and percent sign,", "title": "Percent sign" }, { "id": "10801125", "text": "So the total time elapsed since current Brahma is 155520000000000 + 1852416000 + 116640000 + 3888000 + 5119 = 155,521,972,949,120 years (one hundred fifty-five trillion, five hundred twenty-one billion, nine hundred seventy-two million, nine hundred forty-nine thousand, one hundred twenty years) as of 2018 AD Total age of Brahma is 100 (Brahma Years) which is equal to 311,040,000,000,000 Human years The current Kali Yuga began at midnight 17 February / 18 February in 3102 BCE in the proleptic Julian calendar. As per the information above about Yuga periods, only 5,120 years are passed out of 432,000 years of current Kali", "title": "Hindu units of time" }, { "id": "20183181", "text": "Indian film with the highest known footfalls worldwide is \"Sholay\", which sold an estimated 148.4million tickets worldwide, including 100million in India and 48.4million in the Soviet Union. This is a list of the films in the 1000 crore club, adjusted for inflation. For the list of the highest-grossing Indian films in terms of nominal value (without adjusted inflation), see List of highest-grossing Indian films. 1000 Crore Club 1000 Crore Club is an unofficial designation by the Indian film trade and the media, related to Indian language films that have grossed ₹1000 crore (10 billion Indian rupees)() or more in India", "title": "1000 Crore Club" }, { "id": "15780773", "text": "is a nurse now and thankful to Kishore, while Jerry and Manorama are suffering in prison. Dus Lakh Dus Lakh (English: Ten Lakhs or One Million) is a 1966 Hindi comedy film. It was produced and directed by Devendra Goel. Music was composed by Ravi. The starcast included Om Prakash, Sanjay Khan, Babita, Manorama, Helen, Pran, Ramesh Deo, Seema Deo, Neetu Singh and others. Om Prakash won the Filmfare Best Comedian Award and Asha Bhosle won the Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer for the song \"Garibon ki Suno\" in 1967 for this movie. The story of the film", "title": "Dus Lakh" }, { "id": "18107905", "text": "were composed from left-to-right by successively adding the values that each character or digit represented. There is a thousand mark diacritic that multiplies the digit by one thousand (so 5 with thousand mark = 5,000, 900 with thousand mark indicates 900,000) Two of the thousands marks together (visually similar to a tanween al-kasra in Arabic) represents a million in a similar fashion, and mirrors other Coptic conventions of indicating higher orders by repetition of marks. The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Coptic Epact Numbers block: Coptic Epact Numbers Coptic Epact Numbers", "title": "Coptic Epact Numbers" }, { "id": "229805", "text": "mebi, gibi, etc., to unambiguously denote powers of 1024. Thus the kibibyte, symbol KiB, represents 2 = 1024 bytes. These prefixes are now part of the International System of Quantities. The IEC further specified that the kilobyte should only be used to refer to 1000 bytes. One thousand and twenty-four kibibytes (1024 KiB) is equal to one mebibyte (1 MiB), where 1 MiB is 1024 bytes. Kilobyte The kilobyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The International System of Units (SI) defines the prefix \"kilo\" as 1000 (10); per this definition, one kilobyte is 1000 bytes.", "title": "Kilobyte" }, { "id": "5281171", "text": "such as a hundred thousand in the decimal system. Clearly, therefore, twelve thousand was the figurative duodecimal equivalent of the decimal a hundred thousand. Even today in Maldive and Maliku speech, terms such as \"lakka duvas\" (a hundred thousand days) are used to refer to a huge number- in this case, a huge number of days (or time). Until the 16th Century, the Laccadives appear to have been under the suzerainty of the Kolathiri Raja of Chirakkal in what is now the Indian state of Kerala. With the Portuguese ascendancy in the region, it became necessary for the Kolathiri to", "title": "Minicoy" }, { "id": "5281170", "text": "term Lakshadweep, according to folk-etymology, means a hundred thousand islands. The Laccadive group consists of only 25 islands and it is unlikely the name refers to a numerical value. According to ancient Sanskrit literature the term originally applied to all the island groups SSW of the Indian Subcontinent, that is the Laccadive-Maldive-Chagos archipelagoes. Even then the number of islands is only around 2000. The kings of the Maldives styled themselves as \"Kings of Twelve Thousand Islands\". This indicated a huge number rather than a numerical value. In the old Maldive duodecimal system of counting, twelve thousand was a round figure", "title": "Minicoy" }, { "id": "2716098", "text": "10,000 10,000 (ten thousand) is the natural number following 9,999 and preceding 10,001. Many languages have a specific word for this number: in Ancient Greek it is (the etymological root of the word myriad in English), in Aramaic , in Hebrew [], in Chinese (Mandarin , Cantonese , Hokkien \"bān\"), in Japanese [], in Khmer [], in Korean [], in Vietnamese , in Thai [], and in Malayalam []. It is often used to mean an indefinite very large number. The Greek root was used in early versions of the metric system in the form of the decimal prefix myria-.", "title": "10,000" }, { "id": "835088", "text": "equal to 1000 femtoseconds, or 1/1000 nanoseconds. Because the next SI unit is 1000 times larger, measurements of 10 and 10 second are typically expressed as tens or hundreds of picoseconds. Some notable measurements in this range include: Picosecond A picosecond is an SI unit of time equal to 10 or / (one trillionth) of a second. That is one trillionth, or one millionth of one millionth of a second, or 0.000 000 000 001 seconds. A picosecond is to one second as one second is to approximately 31,689 years. Multiple technical approaches achieve imaging within single-digit picoseconds: for example,", "title": "Picosecond" }, { "id": "4030783", "text": "been used to mean one thousand million (1,000,000,000) for some time. The alternative term \"one thousand million\" is mainly used in the U.K., or countries such as Spain that uses \"one thousand million\" as one million million constitutes a billion. The worded figure, as opposed to the numerical figure (one thousand million/1,000,000,000) is used to differentiate between \"one thousand million\" or \"one billion\". The term milliard can also be used to refer to 1,000,000,000; whereas \"milliard\" is seldom used in English, variations on this name often appear in other languages. In the South Asian numbering system, it is known as", "title": "1,000,000,000" }, { "id": "3152685", "text": "Gal (unit) The gal (symbol: Gal), sometimes called galileo after Galileo Galilei, is a unit of acceleration used extensively in the science of gravimetry. The gal is defined as 1 centimeter per second squared (1 cm/s). The milligal (mGal) and microgal (µGal) refer respectively to one thousandth and one millionth of a gal. The gal is not part of the International System of Units (known by its French-language initials \"SI\"). In 1978 the CIPM decided that it was permissible to use the gal \"with the SI until the CIPM considers that [its] use is no longer necessary\". However, use of", "title": "Gal (unit)" }, { "id": "271193", "text": "fours, higher orders of numbers are provided by the powers of 10,000 rather than 1,000: In China, 10,000 was in ancient texts but is now called and sometimes written as 1,0000,0000; 10,000 is 1,0000,0000,0000 or ; 10,000 is 1,0000,0000,0000,0000 or ; and so on. Conversely, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean generally do not have native words for powers of one thousand: what is called \"one million\" in English is \"100\" (100 myriad) in the Sinosphere, and \"one billion\" in English is \"\" (ten myllion) or \"\" (ten myriad myriad) in the Sinosphere. Unusually, Vietnam employs its former translation of , \"một", "title": "Myriad" }, { "id": "1302502", "text": "'lakh' and 'crore', referring to 100,000 and 10,000,000, respectively, are in common use among English-speaking Indians.) One of these Vedic texts, the \"Yajur Veda\", even discusses the concept of numeric infinity (\"purna\" \"fullness\"), stating that if you subtract \"purna\" from \"purna\", you are still left with \"purna\". The \"Lalitavistara Sutra\" (a Mahayana Buddhist work) recounts a contest including writing, arithmetic, wrestling and archery, in which the Buddha was pitted against the great mathematician Arjuna and showed off his numerical skills by citing the names of the powers of ten up to 1 'tallakshana', which equals 10, but then going on", "title": "History of large numbers" }, { "id": "18225455", "text": "Lagaan (soundtrack) The acclaimed soundtrack of the film \"Lagaan\" (also called \"Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India\") was composed by A. R. Rahman, with lyrics by Javed Akhtar. There are six songs and two instrumental pieces in this film. Rahman incorporated several music styles and genres to create the soundtrack. Upon release, the soundtrack became highly popular, with all songs becoming huge hits. It also received high critical acclaim, with many reviewers stating it as a \"Magnum Opus\" by A. R. Rahman. It is described as one of Rahman's finest and most successful works to date. The rich background", "title": "Lagaan (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "869022", "text": "precedes \"sip\", so \"song roi nueng sip\" is incorrect. Native speakers will sometimes use \"roi nueng\" (or \"phan nueng\", etc.) with different tones on \"nueng\" to distinguish one hundred from one hundred and one. However, such distinction is often not made, and ambiguity may follow. To resolve this problem, if the number 101 (or 1001, 10001, etc.) is intended, one should say \"roi et\" (or \"phan et\", \"muen et\", etc.). Numbers above a million are constructed by prefixing \"lan\" with a multiplier. For example, ten million is \"sip lan\", and a trillion (10, a long scale billion) is \"lan lan\".", "title": "Thai numerals" }, { "id": "225683", "text": "Kilo- Kilo is a decimal unit prefix in the metric system denoting multiplication by one thousand (10). It is used in the International System of Units where it has the unit symbol k, in lower case. The prefix \"kilo\" is derived from the Greek word (), meaning \"thousand\". It was originally adopted by Antoine Lavoisier's research group in 1795, and introduced into the metric system in France with its establishment in 1799. In 19th century English it was sometimes spelled chilio, in line with a puristic opinion by Thomas Young For the kilobyte, a second definition has been in common", "title": "Kilo-" }, { "id": "4890746", "text": "Great. According to Xenophon, the Ten Thousand were composed of: In addition, they were backed up by a fleet of 35 triremes under Pythagoras the Spartan and 25 triremes under Tamos the Egyptian, as well as 100,000 Persian troops under Ariaeus the Persian (although Xenophon lists them as 100,000, most modern historians believe Ariaeus' troops were only around 20,000). Until shortly after the Battle of Cunaxa, the Spartan general Clearchus was recognized as the commander of the army. When Tissaphernes arrested and executed Clearchus, Proxenus, Menon, Agias (possibly the same person as Sophaenetus), and Socrates, their places were taken by", "title": "Ten Thousand" }, { "id": "2347913", "text": "it was the year's fifteenth highest-grossing Indian film overseas, behind only \"Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham\". \"Lagaan\"s overseas gross included £600,000 in the United Kingdom, US$910,000 in the United States and Canada, and US$180,000 in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. In China, where the film later released on 16 May 2003, it grossed ¥3million, equivalent to 1.71crore (US$362,500). Including the film's China collections, the film's total worldwide gross was (). At a ticket inflation rate of 187/34.31 round 1 times, the film's total gross is equivalent to approximately () when adjusted for inflation. \"Lagaan\" was met with high critical", "title": "Lagaan" }, { "id": "856617", "text": "used) may be called a \"thousands separator\". In East Asian cultures, particularly China, Japan, and Korea, large numbers are read in groups of myriads (10,000s) but the delimiter commonly separates every three digits. The Indian numbering system is somewhat more complex: it groups the rightmost three digits together (till the hundreds place) and thereafter groups by sets of two digits. One trillion would thus be written as 10,00,00,00,00,000 or 10 kharab. The convention for digit group separators historically varied among countries, but usually seeking to distinguish the delimiter from the decimal separator. Traditionally, English-speaking countries employed commas as the delimiter", "title": "Decimal separator" }, { "id": "19833209", "text": "When he sprinkled the saffron water on them, their colour changed so drastically that the men accompanying the horses failed to recognize them. Thus, Lakshmana became the owner of these 12,000 horses. With help of these horses, Lakshmana was able to carve out a kingdom for himself. Nainsi's \"Khyat\" contains a similar account, but states the number of horses as 13,000. These legends suggest that Lakshmana had a strong cavalry. According to the Chahamana records, Lakshmana collected taxes from the gates of Patana, and levied tribute on Chittor. Historians such as G. H. Ojha and Dasharatha Sharma consider this to", "title": "Lakshmana (Chahamana dynasty)" }, { "id": "13228626", "text": "was a copper coin used as a weight as well as currency. 1 Dam = 20 grams 4. Gold and Expensive Spices: Misqal = 6.22 grams 8 rattīs = 1 māshā (= 0.9071856 gram) 12 māshās = 1 tolā (= 10.886227 gram) 80 tolas = 1 ser (= 870.89816 gram) 40 sers = 1 maund (= 34.835926 kilogram) 1 rattī = 1.75 grains (= 0.11339825 gram) (1 grain = 0.064799 gram) From 1833 the rupee and tolā weight was fixed at 180 grains, i.e. 11.66382 grams. Hence the weight of 1 maund increased to 37.324224 kilogram. Traditionally one maund represented", "title": "Indian units of measurement" }, { "id": "12429620", "text": "Sahasra purna chandrodayam Sahasra purna chandrodayam is the celebration of a person's 1000th full moon during his or her life as a special occasion. This is a custom in India and Nepal. The time between similar lunar phases, the synodic month, is on average 29.53 days, and thus 1000 moons equals 29530 days = 80.849 years = approximately 80 years, 10 months on the Western calendar. In practice the celebration traditionally is held 3 full moons before a person's 81st Birthday. This ritual is also known as Sahasra Chandra Darshan (सहस्र-(पूर्ण)चन्द्र-दर्शन) or Chandra Ratharohan Nilu Damle writes that the ritual", "title": "Sahasra purna chandrodayam" }, { "id": "13094117", "text": "Rubina Ali Rubina Ali (born 21 January 1999), also known as Rubina Qureshi, is an Indian child actress who played the child version of Latika in the Oscar-winning film \"Slumdog Millionaire\" (2008), for which she won a Screen Actors Guild Award. Following the film's success, she was cast in the Bollywood film \"Kal Kisne Dekha\" (2009). Like her on-screen character, Rubina came from one of the slums of Mumbai, living in the Garib Nagar slum near Bandra station. She lives with her father Rafiq, her sister Sana, her brother Abbas and her stepmother Munni. Rubina's biological mother, Khurshid (alias Khushi),", "title": "Rubina Ali" }, { "id": "13581798", "text": "in about an average of 2 hours which makes the Lagna the fastest in movement and the second position goes to the Moon. From here we should notice that 1 day is equal to 24 hours and the Lagna successfully completes a rotation around the 12 rashis within the 24 hours (an average of 2 hours for each rashi) which also means that the Lagna completes the 27 nakshatras and 108 nakshatra padas in a day. The calculation of the Lagna is usually based on the time and place of birth when the child that the doctor has delivered begins", "title": "Lagna" }, { "id": "16192937", "text": "and successfully avoids becoming a prostitute, thanks in part to the intervention of a kind stranger, Charlie Bemis (Chris Cooper), who turns out to be Hong King's Caucasian partner. She placates a furious Hong King and convinces him to allow her to be his servant and saloon maid in order to repay the cost of her purchase. Hong King agrees to let her buy her freedom for the impossible sum of a thousand pieces of gold. Polly, as Lalu comes to be known, endures great hardship. At one point, she is sexually assaulted by Hong King. However, she refuses to", "title": "Thousand Pieces of Gold (film)" }, { "id": "17789107", "text": "and Ethan Hawke were cast earlier before Steinfeld. Emile Hirsch, Julianne Nicholson, Emily Mortimer and Nadia Alexander were cast in early 2014. Avan Jogia was cast as Teddy in early February 2014. Filming started in New York City on January 27, 2014 and ended on March 3, 2014. They started shooting additional scenes that included a pregnant Eliza on May 1, 2014 until mid May of that same year. The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 23, 2015. Shortly after it was announced, Screen Media Films had acquired all distribution rights to the film.", "title": "Ten Thousand Saints" }, { "id": "207367", "text": "system has been traced back to c. 500 in India. Before that epoch, the Brahmi numeral system was in use; that system did not encompass the concept of the place-value of numbers. Instead, Brahmi numerals included additional symbols for the tens, as well as separate symbols for \"hundred\" and \"thousand\". The Indian place-system numerals spread to neighboring Persia, where they were picked up by the conquering Arabs. In 662, Severus Sebokht - a Nestorian bishop living in Syria wrote: I will omit all discussion of the science of the Indians ... of their subtle discoveries in astronomy — discoveries that", "title": "Indian numerals" }, { "id": "1419280", "text": "of thousands followed by the word \"thousand\". In American usage, four-digit numbers are often named using multiples of \"hundred\" and combined with tens and ones: \"eleven hundred three\", \"twelve hundred twenty-five\", \"four thousand forty-two\", or \"ninety-nine hundred ninety-nine.\" In British usage, this style is common for multiples of 100 between 1,000 and 2,000 (e.g. 1,500 as \"fifteen hundred\") but not for higher numbers. Americans may pronounce four-digit numbers with non-zero tens and ones as pairs of two-digit numbers without saying \"hundred\" and inserting \"oh\" for zero tens: \"twenty-six fifty-nine\" or \"forty-one oh five\". This usage probably evolved from the distinctive", "title": "English numerals" }, { "id": "4523262", "text": "the iShares Russell 1000 Index () and the Vanguard Russell 1000 Index ETF (). Russell 1000 Index The Russell 1000 Index is a stock market index that tracks the highest-ranking 1,000 stocks in the Russell 3000 Index, which represent about 90% of the total market capitalization of that index. , the stocks of the Russell 1000 Index have a weighted average market capitalization of almost $178 billion; the median market capitalization is nearly $10.5 billion. The index, which was launched on January 1, 1984, is maintained by FTSE Russell, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group. The ticker symbol", "title": "Russell 1000 Index" }, { "id": "2436540", "text": "smaller number. In \"The Book of One Thousand and One Nights\", Scheherazade tells her husband the king a new story every night for 1,001 nights, staving off her execution. From this, 1001 is sometimes used as a generic term for \"a very large number\", starting with a large number (1000) and going beyond it: In Arabic, this is usually phrased as \"one thousand \"things\" and one \"thing\"\", \"e.g.\": 1001 was the name of a popular British detergent in the 1960s, supposedly with \"1001 uses\". In the Mawlawiyyah order of Sufi Islam, a novice must complete 1001 days of prayer before", "title": "1001 (number)" }, { "id": "15712378", "text": "the basic word for twenty, \"okòó\" the word when counting objects. For thirty, the forms are \"ọgbọ̀n\" and \"ọɡbọ̀n ǒ\". Units apart from the fives are generally transparent: \"oókànlélógún\" 'twenty-one', \"eéjìdínlọ́ɡbọ̀n\" 'twenty-eight', etc. There are also more recent decimal forms for the thousands: 2,000 \"ẹgbẹ̀rún méjì\" 'thousand twice', 3,000 \"ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́ta\" 'thousand thrice', etc., as well as additive forms for the fives, due to the influence of English. Numbers higher than 20,000 also tend to be transparent: 40,000 is \"ẹgbaawa lonan meji\" '20,000 two times'. Yoruba numerals According to Lounge, the Yoruba language has a rather elaborate vigesimal (base-20) numeral", "title": "Yoruba numerals" }, { "id": "18042093", "text": "for the irrigation component to build dam and canals and INR13,9 billion (1388.28 crore) for the power generation component. Subsequently, in January 2018, bid for the construction of Lakhwar dam and 300MW power station was called by the Uttrakhand Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited. Soon after in early 2018, Prime Minister Modi laid the foundation stone, and construction commenced after contracts were awarded with a target completion deadline of 4 years by December 2022. The 927MW electricity and 580 million cubic metres water capacity project will irrigate 40,000 hectare land, and submerge 50 villages and 868.08 ha of forest land. The", "title": "Lakhwar Dam" }, { "id": "1402841", "text": "or greater. Otherwise, value is defined generally as: Grand larceny is typically defined as larceny of a more significant amount of property. In the US, it is often defined as an amount valued at $400 or more. In New York, grand larceny refers to amounts of $1,000 or more. Grand larceny is often classified as a felony with the concomitant possibility of a harsher sentence. In Virginia the threshold is only $5 if taken from a person, or $500 if not taken from the person. The same penalty applies for stealing checks as for cash or other valuables. Some states", "title": "Larceny" }, { "id": "229803", "text": "to mean eight bits (1 B = 8 bit). Therefore, 1 kB = 8000 bit. One thousand kilobytes (1000 kB) is equal to one megabyte (1 MB), where 1 MB is one million bytes. The kilobyte has traditionally been used to refer to 1024 bytes (2 B), a usage still common. The usage of the metric prefix \"kilo\" for binary multiples arose as a convenience, because 1000 approximates 1024. The binary interpretation of metric prefixes is still prominently used by the Microsoft Windows operating system, which is used on 90% of the world's personal computers. They are also used for", "title": "Kilobyte" }, { "id": "532941", "text": "only a few hundred nights, while others include 1,001 or more. The bulk of the text is in prose, although verse is occasionally used for songs and riddles and to express heightened emotion. Most of the poems are single couplets or quatrains, although some are longer. Some of the stories commonly associated with \"The Nights\", in particular \"Aladdin's Wonderful Lamp\", \"Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves\", and \"The Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor\", were not part of \"The Nights\" in its original Arabic versions but were added to the collection by Antoine Galland and other European translators. The main", "title": "One Thousand and One Nights" }, { "id": "271186", "text": "Myriad A myriad (from Ancient Greek ) is technically the number ten thousand; in that sense, the term is used almost exclusively in translations from Greek, Latin, or Chinese, or when talking about ancient Greek numbers. More generally, a myriad may be an indefinitely large number of things. The Aegean numerals of the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations included a single unit to denote tens of thousands. It was written with a symbol composed of a circle with four dashes 𐄫. In Classical Greek numerals, a myriad was written as a capital mu: Μ, as lower case letters did not exist", "title": "Myriad" }, { "id": "9539580", "text": "= 5/40 = (4 + 1)/40 = 1/10 + 1/40 3. 1/8 x 25/25 = 25/200 = (8 + 17)/200 = 1/25 + (17/200 x 6/6) = 1/25 + 102/1200 = 1/25 + (80 + 16 + 6)/1200 = 1/25 + 1/15 + 1/75 + 1/200 Finally, there were nine sums, having odd denominators, converted from Egyptian fractions: 2/3, 1/3 (twice), 1/5, 1/7, 1/9, 1/11, 1/13 and 1/15. The British Museum examiners found no introduction or description to how or why the equivalent unit fraction series were computed. Equivalent unit fraction series are associated with fractions 1/3, 1/4, 1/8 and", "title": "Egyptian Mathematical Leather Roll" }, { "id": "19111163", "text": "Lakha Hakam Lakha Hakam is a village in tehsil Raisinghnagar of Sri Ganganagar district in Rajasthan, India. It is situated near the border of India and Pakistan . This is a well-connected village. There is an ancient Peepal tree and a pond in the village. Lakha hakam, name comes from a Muslim family. Around 250 years ago a morphine jaat son came here and take the land of lakha hakam and it's total calculated land was approximately 42000 BIGHHA on rend from King of bikaner riyasat maharaj. The man is the founder of this remote village. The oldest police station", "title": "Lakha Hakam" }, { "id": "17789108", "text": "The film went on to premiere at the Provincetown International Film Festival on June 17, 2015. The film was released on August 14, 2015 in a limited release and through video on demand. \"Ten Thousand Saints\" received mixed reviews. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, critics gave the film a rating of 55%, based on 33 reviews, with a weighted average score of 6.2/10. On Metacritic, the film has a score of 62%, based on 12 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". Ten Thousand Saints Ten Thousand Saints is a 2015 American drama film written and directed by Shari Springer Berman and", "title": "Ten Thousand Saints" }, { "id": "964118", "text": "is a specific type of Christian millenarianism, and is sometimes referred to as \"chiliasm\" from the New Testament use of the Greek \"chilia\" (thousand). It is part of the broader form of apocalyptic expectation. A core doctrine in some variations of Christian eschatology is the expectation that the Second Coming is very near and that there will be an establishment of a Kingdom of God on Earth. According to an interpretation of prophecies in the Book of Revelation, this Kingdom of God on Earth will last a thousand years (a \"millennium\") or more. Many if not most millenarian groups claim", "title": "Millenarianism" }, { "id": "2957321", "text": "Pakistani rupee The Pakistani rupee ( / ALA-LC: ; sign: ₨; code: PKR) is the currency of Pakistan. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the State Bank of Pakistan, the central bank of the country. The most commonly used symbol for the rupee is Rs, used on receipts when purchasing goods and services. In Pakistan, the rupee is also spelled as \"rupees\", \"rupaya\" or \"rupaye\". As standard in Pakistani English, large values of rupees are counted in terms of thousands; lakh (100,000); crore (10 million); arab (1 billion); kharab (100 billion). The word \"rūpiya\" is derived from the", "title": "Pakistani rupee" }, { "id": "19111164", "text": "is here. There are 250 families residing in the village out of them 200 families are of Jats. The biggest Jat gotra in the village is Bhambhu. The Bhanbhu have 70 families in the village. The other Jat gotras are Godara, Saharan and Dhayal. Lakha Hakam Lakha Hakam is a village in tehsil Raisinghnagar of Sri Ganganagar district in Rajasthan, India. It is situated near the border of India and Pakistan . This is a well-connected village. There is an ancient Peepal tree and a pond in the village. Lakha hakam, name comes from a Muslim family. Around 250 years", "title": "Lakha Hakam" }, { "id": "8281708", "text": "Thousandth of an inch A thousandth of an inch is a derived unit of length in an inch-based system of units. Equal to of an inch, it is normally referred to as a thou , a thousandth, or (particularly in the United States) a mil. The plural of \"thou\" is also \"thou\" (thus one hundredth of an inch is \"10 thou\"), while the plural of \"mil\" is \"mils\" (thus \"10 mils\"). The words are shortened forms of the English and Latin words for \"thousand\" (\"mille\"). The US customary \"mil\" can be confused with the millimetre, which is the standard meaning", "title": "Thousandth of an inch" }, { "id": "4523261", "text": "Russell 1000 Index The Russell 1000 Index is a stock market index that tracks the highest-ranking 1,000 stocks in the Russell 3000 Index, which represent about 90% of the total market capitalization of that index. , the stocks of the Russell 1000 Index have a weighted average market capitalization of almost $178 billion; the median market capitalization is nearly $10.5 billion. The index, which was launched on January 1, 1984, is maintained by FTSE Russell, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group. The ticker symbol is ^RUI. The Russell 1000 Index is tracked by several exchange-traded funds, such as", "title": "Russell 1000 Index" }, { "id": "3293866", "text": "One of the most basic applications is in digit grouping in large numbers, which allow one to tell the size at a glance, rather than having to count. For example, writing one million (1000000) as 1,000,000 (or 1.000.000 or ) or one (short) billion (1000000000) as 1,000,000,000 (or other forms, such as 1,00,00,00,000 in India) makes it much easier to read. This is particularly important in accounting and finance, as an error of a single decimal digit changes the amount by a factor of ten. This is also found in computer programming languages for literal values; see . Dice, playing", "title": "Subitizing" }, { "id": "1520739", "text": "February 10, 2015. On its initial release, the film grossed $6.2 million in domestic rentals. It was also the most popular film of the year in France, with admissions of 14.7 million ranking 10th on their all-time list. The film grossed $14 million during its initial run. The film was re-released in 1969, where it earned $15 million. In its 1979 theatrical re-release, it grossed $19 million, and in 1985, the film grossed $32 million. During its fourth re-release in 1991, it grossed $60.8 million. The film's total domestic lifetime gross is $145 million, and its total worldwide gross is", "title": "One Hundred and One Dalmatians" }, { "id": "2347912", "text": "Special screenings were held in Russia, where people were keen to watch the film after its Oscar nomination. Apart from these screenings, it was shown at the Sundance Film Festival, Cairo International Film Festival, Stockholm International Film Festival, Helsinki Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival. The film initially grossed worldwide in 2001. This made it the third highest-grossing Indian film of 2001, behind \"\" and \"Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham\". Domestically, \"Lagaan\" grossed in India. Its domestic net income was , equivalent to () when adjusted for inflation. With an overseas gross of 10.8 crore (US$2.2 million) in 2001,", "title": "Lagaan" }, { "id": "17779604", "text": "Aayirathil Iruvar Aayirathil Iruvar (English: \"Two in a thousand\") is a 2017 Indian Tamil film written, directed and co-produced by Saran. The film features Vinay Rai in dual lead roles and three newcomers, Samuthrika, Swasthika and Kesha Khambhati, as the female leads, while the director's regular composer Bharathwaj scores the music. The film was shot primarily in Thirunelveli while filming took also place in Hyderabad, Bangkok and Dubai. The film was said to be dealing with money laundering and hawala. The film which began production in 2012 went through production delays and released on 22 September 2017. It fared poorly", "title": "Aayirathil Iruvar" }, { "id": "869021", "text": "million, are almost identical to those of the like Khmer numerals. For the numbers twenty-one through twenty-nine, the part signifying twenty: \"yi sip\" (ยี่สิบ), may be colloquially shortened to \"yip\" (ยีบ, ยิบ). See the alternate numbers section below. The hundreds are formed by combining \"roi\" with the tens and ones values. For example, two hundred and thirty-two is \"song roi sam sip song\". The words \"roi\", \"phan\", \"muen\", and \"saen\" should occur with a preceding numeral (\"nueng\" is optional), so two hundred ten, for example, is \"song roi sip\", and one hundred is either \"roi\" or \"nueng roi\". \"Nueng\" never", "title": "Thai numerals" }, { "id": "20778153", "text": "Lag Jaa Gale \"Lag Jaa Gale\" (; \"lit.\" Embrace me) is a Hindi song with music by Madan Mohan Kohli and lyrics by Raja Mehdi Ali Khan, written for the 1964 Bollywood film \"Woh Kaun Thi\". On the screen the song was performed by popular Bollywood star Sadhna, though actually sung by playback singer Lata Mangeshkar. The music is set in Raga Pahadi. The song is an example of Dadra songs. Lata Mangeshkar's career spanned more than 70 years (starting in 1942) recording thousands of songs. This iconic song is regarded to be one of songs by which Lata Mangeshkar", "title": "Lag Jaa Gale" }, { "id": "14852760", "text": "Ten Thousand a-Year Ten Thousand a-Year is a novel written by English barrister Samuel Warren. First published in 1841, it enjoyed widespread popularity in the United States and Europe for much of the century. When first published, the novel was split into 3 volumes for its United Kingdom release and 6 volumes for release in the United States. Despite Edgar Allan Poe's critical panning of the book as 'shamefully ill-written' in the November 1841 issue of Graham's Magazine, it went on to become one of the most popular novels of the era in both the United States and Europe. New", "title": "Ten Thousand a-Year" }, { "id": "2347910", "text": "first Indian film to have a nationwide release in China and had its dubbed version released in Italy. With favourable reviews from the French press, \"Lagaan\" premiered in Paris on 26 June 2002 and continued to have an unprecedented nine weeks of screening with over 45,000 people watching. It was released in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Hong Kong, South Africa and the Middle East with respective vernacular subtitles. The film took a cumulative of $2.5 million at the international box-office and at the domestic box-office. In 2001, \"Lagaan\" had a world premiere at the International Indian", "title": "Lagaan" }, { "id": "16017564", "text": "2013, the song has sold over three million digital downloads in the US. As of June 2014, the song has sold 3,657,000 copies in the US. On August 3, 2018, the single was certified seven times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for selling seven million digital copies in the United States. In the United Kingdom, the song reached number 32 on its original release in 2011. The following year, after the release of \"\", it peaked at number 13. In 2013, after it was performed on \"The X Factor\" (UK), it reached a new peak of", "title": "A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song)" }, { "id": "4103233", "text": "The number 1 was depicted by a simple stroke, the number 2 was represented by two strokes, etc. The numbers 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 and 1,000,000 had their own hieroglyphs. Number 10 is a hobble for cattle, number 100 is represented by a coiled rope, the number 1000 is represented by a lotus flower, the number 10,000 is represented by a finger, the number 100,000 is represented by a frog, and a million was represented by a god with his hands raised in adoration. Egyptian numerals date back to the Predynastic period. Ivory labels from Abydos record the use of", "title": "Ancient Egyptian mathematics" }, { "id": "8087325", "text": "are 30103 in an octave, or approximately 100,000 in a decade. The jot is defined in a similar way to the savart, but has a more accurate rounding of log(2) because more digits are used. There are approximately 100 jots in a savart. The unit was first described by Augustus de Morgan (1806-1871) which he called an \"atom\". The name \"jot\" was coined by John Curwen (1816-1880) at the suggestion of Hermann von Helmholtz. Savart The savart is a unit of measurement for musical pitch intervals (). One savart is equal to one thousandth of a decade (10/1: 3,986.313714 cents):", "title": "Savart" }, { "id": "16192935", "text": "Thousand Pieces of Gold (film) Thousand Pieces of Gold is a 1991 film starring Rosalind Chao, Chris Cooper, Dennis Dun and Michael Paul Chan, and is directed by Nancy Kelly. The film is based on a novel of the same name. Lalu (Rosalind Chao) is a young Chinese woman who is sold by her impoverished family and transported against her will to the American West in 1880. Upon her arrival in California, she meets Jim (Dennis Dun), a Chinese \"wife trader\" who sells her to Hong King (Michael Paul Chan), a successful Chinese merchant who lives in an Idaho mining", "title": "Thousand Pieces of Gold (film)" }, { "id": "5137755", "text": "Brahmi numerals The Brahmi numerals are a numeral system attested from the 3rd century BCE (somewhat later in the case of most of the tens). They are the direct graphic ancestors of the modern Indian and Hindu–Arabic numerals. However, they were conceptually distinct from these later systems, as they were not used as a positional system with a zero. Rather, there were separate numerals for each of the tens (10, 20, 30, etc.). There were also symbols for 100 and 1000 which were combined in ligatures with the units to signify 200, 300, 2000, 3000, etc. The source of the", "title": "Brahmi numerals" }, { "id": "1010804", "text": "households with income $40–50k: Laton: 20.9% (60) State: 8.5% (1,039,666) Number of households with income $50–60k: Laton: 6.9% (20) State: 7.8% (948,345) Number of households with income $60–75k: Laton: 18.1% (52) California: 9.9% (1,206,377) Number of households with income $75–100k: Laton: 10.9% (31) California: 12.7% (1,547,756) Number of households with income $100–125k: Laton: 5.3% (15) State: 8.9% (1,085,712) Number of households with income $125–150k: Laton: 7.5% (22) State: 5.7% (693,943) Number of households with income $150–200k: Laton: 2.1% (6) State: 6.1% (748,264) Number of households with income > $200k: Laton: 0.0% (0) State: 5.9% (721,754) Estimated median house or condo", "title": "Laton, California" }, { "id": "8458958", "text": "and astronomical calculations. This system can even be used to represent fractions and mixed fractions. For example, \"nga\" is 1/5, \"nja\" is 1/10 and Jhardam (\"jha\"=9; its half) = 4½. The traditional Indian digit order is reversed compared to the modern way. By consequence, Āryabhaa began with the ones before the tens; then the hundreds and the thousands; then the myriad and the lakh (10) and so on. \"(cf. Indian numbering system)\" Another example might be \"\", . Note that in this case, 10(ṛ) and 10(ḷ) parts are swapped, and 10(ṛ) part is ligature. In citing the values of Āryabhaṭa", "title": "Āryabhaṭa numeration" }, { "id": "7391099", "text": "to the village from Sinjar after the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant placed Sinjar and its environs under siege. When some 50,000 Yezidis trapped on Sinjar Mountain were freed by way of a land corridor opened by the YPG and PKK, the majority fled through Syria and circled around the north of the Sinjar mountain range to reach Lalish and Shekhan in the Kurdistan region of northern Iraq. Lalish Lalish (Kurmanji: Laliş, also called Lalişa Nûranî) is a small mountain valley village situated in the Shekhan District of Dihok Governorate in Northern Iraq. It contains the holiest temple", "title": "Lalish" }, { "id": "8281711", "text": "\"mil\" was once the more common term, but as use of the metric system has become more common, \"thou\" has replaced \"mil\" among most technical users to . Today both terms are used, but in specific contexts one is traditionally preferred over the other. 1 thou is exactly equal to: For machinists who need to maintain a continual \"horse sense\" of relative size, it is useful to have a gut feeling for the following. (Each of these \"equivalents\" is off by an amount that is negligible for most practical purposes—for example, 2 tenths on a plus-minus-10-thou tolerance. But the point", "title": "Thousandth of an inch" }, { "id": "2814815", "text": "player to cross 11,000 ODI runs, and was the fastest player to do so in ODI cricket, after Tendulkar. As of 2006, he is the only Indian captain to win a Test series in Pakistan (although two of the three Tests of that series was led by Rahul Dravid). He is also one of the five players in the world to achieve amazing treble of 10,000 runs, 100 wickets and 100 catches in ODI cricket history, the others being Tendulkar, Kallis, Sanath Jayasuriya and Tillakaratne Dilshan. Author Mihir Bose, in his book, \"The magic of Indian cricket: cricket and society", "title": "Sourav Ganguly" }, { "id": "12378999", "text": "Googol A googol is the large number 10. In decimal notation, it is written as the digit 1 followed by one hundred zeroes: 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. The term was coined in 1920 by 9-year-old Milton Sirotta (1911–1981), nephew of U.S. mathematician Edward Kasner. Kasner popularized the concept in his 1940 book \"Mathematics and the Imagination\". Other names for googol include ten duotrigintillion on the short scale, ten thousand sexdecillion on the long scale, or ten sexdecilliard on the Peletier long scale. A googol has no special significance in mathematics. However, it is useful when comparing with other very large quantities such as", "title": "Googol" }, { "id": "229804", "text": "random-access memory capacities, such as main memory and CPU cache sizes, due to the binary addressing of memory. The binary representation of 1024 bytes typically uses the symbol KB, with an uppercase letter \"K\". The \"B\" is often omitted in informal use. For example, a processor with 65,536 bytes of cache memory might be said to have \"64K\" of cache. In this convention, one thousand and twenty-four kilobytes (1024 KB) is equal to one megabyte (1 MB), where 1 MB is 1024 bytes. In December 1998, the IEC addressed such multiple usages and definitions by creating prefixes such as kibi,", "title": "Kilobyte" }, { "id": "19959992", "text": "the background score is given by Ismail Darbar. The first song of the film titled as \"Trippy Trippy\" which is sung by Neha Kakkar, Benny Dayal, Brijesh Shandilya and Badshah was released on 18 August 2017. The second song \"Lag Ja Gale\" which is sung by Rahat Fateh Ali Khan was released on 23 August 2017. The soundtrack was released by T-Series on 28 August 2017 which includes 8 songs. Bhoomi (film) Bhoomi is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language action drama film directed and co-produced by Omung Kumar. The film stars Sanjay Dutt, Aditi Rao Hydari, and Sharad Kelkar. Principal photography", "title": "Bhoomi (film)" }, { "id": "3685466", "text": "and phonetically distinct from \"million\". Likewise, many long scale countries use the word \"billiard\" (or similar) for one thousand long scale billions (i.e., 10), and the word \"trilliard\" (or similar) for one thousand long scale trillions (i.e., 10), etc. The existence of the different scales means that care must be taken when comparing large numbers between languages or countries, or when interpreting old documents in countries where the dominant scale has changed over time. For example, British English, French, and Italian historical documents can refer to either the short or long scale, depending on the date of the document, since", "title": "Long and short scales" }, { "id": "18262734", "text": "and that they were fulfilled through the appearance of Ghulām Ahmad. Ahmadis also cite a passage in Chapter 12 of the Book of Daniel: \"The time that the daily sacrifice shall be taken away\" is interpreted by Ahmadis to mean the supersession of Judaic law by Islamic law, and \"the abomination that maketh desolate\" to mean the banning of idol worship brought about with the founding of Islam. Based on these interpretations and the day-year principle, Ahmadis believe that the \"thousand two hundred and ninety days\" are actually 1,290 years of the Islamic calendar, ending in 1875, when, according to", "title": "Ahmadiyya and other faiths" }, { "id": "71304", "text": "like the Protestant Bible or in poetic usage, numbers such as 114 may be \"written\" as [100] [10] [4] (百十四). Outside of Taiwan, digits are sometimes grouped by myriads instead of thousands. Hence it is more convenient to think of numbers here as in groups of four, thus 1,234,567,890 is regrouped here as 12,3456,7890. Larger than a myriad, each number is therefore four zeroes longer than the one before it, thus 10000 × wàn (萬) = yì (億). If one of the numbers is between 10 and 19, the leading \"one\" is omitted as per the above point. Hence (numbers", "title": "Chinese numerals" }, { "id": "1795213", "text": "of L LL NNNN where: L is the category of vehicle, LL is a \"counter\" comprising two letters, which increments after the sequence number reaches 9999. NNNN is a sequence number from 0001 to 9999. These plates come with a RFID microchip that enables the government to maintain uniformity in issuance of number plates and prevent duplication. Similarly, the new number plates also help authorities to maintain digital records of vehicles plying on the roads, collect revenue on time and control auto theft. Eight types of registration plates are used in Pakistan. Each province and territory issues its own number", "title": "Vehicle registration plate" }, { "id": "271190", "text": "Hindi where numbers may be grouped into sets of 10,000 (myriads). Such use permits the translator to remain closer to the original text and avoid repeated and unwieldy mentions of \"tens of thousands\": for example, \"the original number of the crews supplied by the several nations I find to have been twenty-four myriads\" and \"What is the distance between one bridge and another? Twelve myriads of parasangs\". Most European languages include variations of \"myriad\" with similar meanings to the English word. Additionally, the prefix \"myria-\" indicating multiplication times ten thousand (×10), was part of the original metric system adopted by", "title": "Myriad" }, { "id": "3166155", "text": "to the measurement of time. The measurement according to celestial time, which celestial time signifies one day to a cubit. One day in Kolob is equal to a thousand years according to the measurement of the Earth, which is called by the Egyptians Jah-oh-eh. The Book of Abraham describes a hierarchy of heavenly bodies, including the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun, each with different movements and measurements of time, where at the pinnacle, the slowest-rotating body is Kolob, where one Kolob-day corresponds to 1000 Earth-years. This is similar to which says that \"For a thousand years in [God's] sight", "title": "Kolob" }, { "id": "13953974", "text": "One in Three Hundred One in Three Hundred is a science fiction novel by British writer J. T. McIntosh. It was originally published as three novellas in \"The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction\" in 1953-54, and was then published by Doubleday & Company, Inc.. During 1956 the novel was reissued by Ace as \"Ace Double D-113\", in a dos-à-dos binding with Dwight V. Swain's \"The Transposed Man\". The original novellas were \"One in 300\" (February 1953), \"One in a Thousand\" (January 1954), and \"One Too Many\" (September 54). The first novella was included in the anthology \"Best SF of", "title": "One in Three Hundred" }, { "id": "13772731", "text": "Mumbai and in Bollywood movies) are 'peti' for a Lakh (Rs. 100,000) and 'khokha' for a Crore (Rs. 10,000,000.) and 'tijori' for 100 crores (Rs. 1,000,000,000.) Peti also means suitcase, which is the volume needed to carry a Lakh of currency notes. Tijori means a large safe or a cupboard, which would be the approximate space required to store that money in cash form. Due to the real estate boom in recent times, businessmen also use the terms '2CR' or '3CR' referring to two crores and three crores respectively. In Kenya there are about 42 different languages, which have different", "title": "Slang terms for money" } ]	one hundred thousand is equal to how many lakhs
[ "Brazil", "Italy" ]	[ { "id": "145479", "text": "two gold medals at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics and their two World Cup titles in 1930 and 1950). With five titles, Brazil are the most successful World Cup team and also the only nation to have played in every World Cup (21) to date. Brazil were also the first team to win the World Cup for the third (1970), fourth (1994) and fifth (2002) time. Italy (1934 and 1938) and Brazil (1958 and 1962) are the only nations to have won consecutive titles. West Germany (1982–1990) and Brazil (1994–2002) are the only nations to appear in three consecutive", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "8156016", "text": "— Brazil Note: Brazil is the only national football team to have played in every World Cup. <br> 16 consecutive FIFA World Cup second round qualifications — Germany <br> 15 competitive games (without friendlies) — Germany <br> <!-- The following is, according to the title of the ref, only the longest active unbeaten streak (measured in time instead of matches). I'm sure the actual longest streak is many, many years. A possible candidate is Croatia, which was unbeaten for more than 49 years, from 10 April 1943 (beat Slovakia 1-0) to 5 July 1992 (lost to Australia 0-1 after a", "title": "Winning streak (sports)" }, { "id": "1320986", "text": "experts and former players have considered the Brazil team of 1970 to be the greatest football team ever. Other Brazilian teams are also highly estimated and regularly appear listed among the best teams of all time, such as the Brazil teams of 1958–62, with honorary mentions for the gifted 1982 side. Brazil is the only national team to have won the World Cup on four different continents: once in Europe (1958 Sweden), once in South America (1962 Chile), twice in North America (1970 Mexico and 1994 United States) and once in Asia (2002 Korea/Japan). They share with France and Argentina", "title": "Brazil national football team" }, { "id": "145436", "text": "preceding three years, to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase, which is often called the \"World Cup Finals\". After this, 32 teams, including the automatically qualifying host nation(s), compete in the tournament phase for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over a period of about a month. The 21 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina, France and inaugural winner Uruguay, with", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "6722016", "text": "a group stage, with the final 16 progressing to knockout stages to decide the winner. As of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, 79 national teams have competed at the final tournaments. Brazil are the only team to have appeared in all 21 tournaments to date, with Germany having participated in 19, Italy in 18, Argentina in 17 and Mexico in 16. To date, eight nations have won the tournament. The inaugural winners in 1930 were Uruguay; the current champions are France. The most successful nation in the competition are currently Brazil, who have won the cup on five occasions. Five", "title": "National team appearances in the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145486", "text": "France's Didier Deschamps are the only people to date to win the World Cup as both player and head coach. Zagallo won in 1958 and 1962 as a player and in 1970 as head coach. Beckenbauer won in 1974 as captain and in 1990 as head coach, and Deschamps repeated the feat in 2018, after having won in 1998 as captain. Italy's Vittorio Pozzo is the only head coach to ever win two World Cups (1934 and 1938). All World Cup-winning head coaches were natives of the country they coached to victory. Among the national teams, Germany and Brazil have", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145474", "text": "second round on home soil in 1982. England (1966) won its only title while playing as a host nation. Uruguay (1930), Italy (1934), Argentina (1978) and France (1998) won their first titles as host nations but have gone on to win again, while Germany (1974) won their second title on home soil. Other nations have also been successful when hosting the tournament. Switzerland (quarter-finals 1954), Sweden (runners-up in 1958), Chile (third place in 1962), South Korea (fourth place in 2002), and Mexico (quarter-finals in 1970 and 1986) all have their best results when serving as hosts. So far, South Africa", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145482", "text": "currently it is the first time with four champions in a row from the same continental confederation. Italy and Brazil successfully defended their titles in 1938 and 1962 respectively, while Italy's triumph in 2006 has been followed by wins for Spain in 2010, Germany in 2014 and France in 2018. Currently, it is also the first time that one of the currently winning continents (Europe) is ahead of the other (South America) by more than one championship. At the end of each World Cup, awards are presented to the players and teams for accomplishments other than their final team positions", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "1320984", "text": "Brazil national football team The Brazil national football team () represents Brazil in international men's association football. Brazil is administered by the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF), the governing body for football in Brazil. They have been a member of FIFA since 1923 and member of CONMEBOL since 1916. Brazil is the most successful national team in the FIFA World Cup, the main football international competition, being crowned winner five times: 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002. Brazil also has the best overall performance in the World Cup, both in proportional and absolute terms, with a record of 73 victories in", "title": "Brazil national football team" }, { "id": "9443070", "text": "viewed sporting event in the world, with an estimated over 1 billion people watching the 2014 tournament final. Brazil is the most successful national team in the history of the World Cup, having won five titles, earning second-place, third-place and fourth-place finishes twice each. Brazil is one of the countries besides Argentina, Spain and Germany to win a FIFA World Cup away from its continent (Sweden 1958, Mexico 1970, USA 1994 and South Korea/Japan 2002). Brazil is the only national team to have played in all FIFA World Cup editions without any absence or need for playoffs. Brazil also has", "title": "Brazil at the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145481", "text": "Senegal in 2002 and Ghana in 2010. Only one Oceanian qualifier, Australia in 2006, has advanced to the second round. Brazil, Argentina, Spain and Germany are the only teams to win a World Cup outside their continental confederation; Brazil came out victorious in Europe (1958), North America (1970 and 1994) and Asia (2002). Argentina won a World Cup in North America in 1986, while Spain won in Africa in 2010. In 2014, Germany became the first European team to win in the Americas. Only on five occasions have consecutive World Cups been won by teams from the same continent, and", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "91017", "text": "least once. Seven teams have competed in every tournament, five of which have won the title. The West Indies won the first two tournaments, Australia has won five, India has won two, while Pakistan and Sri Lanka have each won once. The West Indies (1975 and 1979) and Australia (1999, 2003 and 2007) are the only teams to have won consecutive titles. Australia has played in seven of the eleven finals (1975, 1987, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2015). England has yet to win the World Cup, but has been runners-up three times (1979, 1987, 1992). The best result by a", "title": "Cricket World Cup" }, { "id": "2325416", "text": "final appearances (1975, 1987, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2007 and 2015) and have won the World Cup a record five times in total; 1987, 1999, 2003, 2007 and 2015. Australia is the first team to appear in four consecutive World Cup finals (1996, 1999, 2003 and 2007), surpassing the old record of three consecutive World Cup appearances by the West Indies (1975, 1979 and 1983) and the first team to win 3 consecutive World Cups (1999, 2003 and 2007). It is also the second team to win a World Cup (2015) on home soil, after India (2011). The team was undefeated", "title": "Australia national cricket team" }, { "id": "19695946", "text": "Brazil and United States are the only teams that have won the Men's World Cup more than once. The Soviets took the gold at the opening edition of the tournament, in 1965. Four years later, the winner was also a socialist nation, East Germany. Scheduled for Uruguay, the 1973 edition was cancelled. In 1977, competition was resumed in Japan, and the Soviet Union came back for two wins in a row. In 1985, they were once again runners-up, but lost the decisive match to United States in five sets. In 1989, Cuba surprised the world and beat a rising Italy", "title": "FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup" }, { "id": "4152632", "text": "successful national team of the competition with eight victories. Honduras have won four titles. Guatemala and Panama have one title each. To date, Costa Rica and Honduras are the only sides in history to have won consecutive titles, with the former winning an unprecedented three titles in 2003, 2005 and 2007. Honduras are the current champions, having won the 2017 Copa Centroamericana, in Panama. Due to the success of the Costa Rica national football team at the 1990 FIFA World Cup and the approaching 1994 FIFA World Cup to be hosted in the United States, the CONCACAF Congress in Kingston,", "title": "Copa Centroamericana" }, { "id": "8156008", "text": "medals at Olympic Games — Steve Redgrave Note: gold medalist in Coxless Four at Sydney Olympics 8 consecutive titles at Olympic Games — United States 15 consecutive major titles (World Cups and World Championships) — Eric Murray, Hamish Bond 9 consecutive world titles (Olympic Games and World Championships) - United States 25 Cups — United States Note: With 132 years, this is the longest winning streak by years in sports history. 4 consecutive Olympic titles — Ben Ainslie 4 consecutive Olympic titles — Paul Elvstrøm 3 consecutive titles at PBA World Championship 87 — Julio César Chávez (light welterweight) Note", "title": "Winning streak (sports)" }, { "id": "3079279", "text": "Football in Brazil Association football is the most popular sport in Brazil and a prominent part of its national identity. The Brazil national football team has won the FIFA World Cup tournament five times, the most of any team, in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002. Brazil and Germany are the only teams to succeed in qualifying for all the World Cups for which they entered the qualifiers, but Brazil is the only team to participate in every World Cup competition ever held. It is among the favorites to win the trophy every time the competition is scheduled. After Brazil", "title": "Football in Brazil" }, { "id": "10915545", "text": "third placed in 2014 the Netherlands (for the first time since 2002), and four reigning continental champions: 2017 Africa Cup of Nations winners Cameroon, two-time Copa América champions and 2017 Confederations Cup runners-up Chile, 2016 OFC Nations Cup winners New Zealand, and 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup champions United States (for the first time since 1986). The other notable qualifying streaks broken were for Ghana and Ivory Coast, who had both made the previous three tournaments. \"Note: Numbers in parentheses indicate positions in the FIFA World Rankings at the time of the tournament.\" The draw was held on 1 December 2017", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20441597", "text": "right leg. Despite a late push by Croatia, the match finished as a 4–2 victory for France and the highest-scoring World Cup final since 1966. <section begin=final /><section end=final /> <section begin=Lineups /> </includeonly><section end=Lineups /> Match rules France became the sixth country to win the World Cup more than once and qualified for the 2021 FIFA Confederations Cup with their win. Didier Deschamps became the third person to have won the World Cup as both a player and manager, after Mário Zagallo and Franz Beckenbauer. The final was the highest scoring since 1966, and the highest score in regular", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "9443072", "text": "other historical rivals are Italy, which lost two World Cup finals against Brazil and eliminated the Brazilians in two tournaments (France 1938 and Spain 1982), France, which has eliminated Brazil on three occasions (Mexico 1986, France 1998 and Germany 2006), and the Netherlands, which has eliminated Brazil at two of their five meetings (West Germany 1974 and South Africa 2010) and won the third place match in Brazil 2014. Brazil's record World Cup player, Cafu is also the only player ever to have appeared in three consecutive World Cup finals: 1994, '98 and 2002. Five Brazilians have won the World", "title": "Brazil at the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145480", "text": "World Cup finals. Germany has made the most top-four finishes (13), medals (12), as well as the most finals (8). To date, the final of the World Cup has only been contested by teams from the UEFA (Europe) and CONMEBOL (South America) confederations. European nations have won twelve titles, while South American have won nine. Only two teams from outside these two continents have ever reached the semi-finals of the competition: United States (North, Central America and Caribbean) in 1930 and South Korea (Asia) in 2002. The best result of an African team is reaching the quarter-finals: Cameroon in 1990,", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "8555114", "text": "has meant that the team has not suffered a World Cup loss since the group stage of 1999. Australia pulled out of their cricket tour of Pakistan because of Terrorism in Pakistan on 11 March 2008. The Australian cricket team has had a rich history participating in the World Cup. At present, they have won the World Cup five times as well as three titles in a row, the only team to do so. Their dominance of the tournament can be analysed through the winning percentage of all countries which have participated, as Australia hold a 10% higher winning rate", "title": "History of the Australian cricket team" }, { "id": "7990382", "text": "presented to the team that wins the World Cup three times, but will continue to be awarded as a prize until 2038, when all the available inscription spaces of the winning nations will be filled. Beginning with Germany in 1974, the trophy has been awarded three times to Germany (1974, 1990 and 2014), twice to Argentina (1978 and 1986), Italy (1982 and 2006), Brazil (1994 and 2002), France (1998 and 2018) and once to Spain (2010). Beginning with the World Cup Final in Germany in 2006, FIFA stipulated that the original trophy would not be given to the winning national", "title": "Silvio Gazzaniga" }, { "id": "145435", "text": "FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the \"\" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champion is France, which won its second title at the 2018 tournament in Russia. The current format of the competition involves a qualification phase, which currently takes place over the", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145485", "text": "have won three World Cup winners' medals (1958, 1962, and 1970, although he did not play in the 1962 final due to injury), with 20 other players who have won two winners' medals. Seven players have collected all three types of World Cup medals (winners', runner- ups', and third-place); five players were from West Germany's squad of 1966–1974 including Franz Beckenbauer, Jürgen Grabowski, Horst-Dieter Höttges, Sepp Maier and Wolfgang Overath (1966–1974), Italy's Franco Baresi (1982, 1990, 1994) and the most recent has been Miroslav Klose of Germany (2002–2014) with four consecutive medals. Brazil's Mário Zagallo, West Germany's Franz Beckenbauer and", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "6688283", "text": "Cricket World Cup teams This is a summary of the performances of various international teams in the Cricket World Cup (O)- Obsolete So far, 20 teams have competed in the Cricket World Cup at least once (excluding qualifying tournaments). Of these, seven teams have taken part in every competition and only five have won. Australia are the current champions, and had won four times before (1987, 1999, 2003 and 2007) The West Indies won the first two, India won two (1983 and 2011), Sri Lanka and Pakistan won one each. The West Indies and Australia are also the only nations", "title": "Cricket World Cup teams" }, { "id": "1310174", "text": "final tournament remains the highest in World Cup history, despite the expansion of the competition from 24 to 32 teams (and from 52 to 64 games), which was first introduced at the 1998 World Cup and is the current format. Brazil won the tournament after beating Italy 3–2 in a penalty shoot-out at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California near Los Angeles, after the game had ended 0–0 after extra time. It was the first World Cup final to be decided on penalties. The victory made Brazil the first nation to win four World Cup titles. There were four new", "title": "1994 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "4749656", "text": "and 2002, and is the only team to succeed in qualifying for every FIFA World Cup competition ever held. Brazil also hosted the 1950 and 2014 World Cups, becoming the only country in South America to have hosted two World Cups (Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile being the other former hosts). It is among the favorites to win the trophy every time the competition is scheduled. After Brazil won its third World Cup in 1970, they were awarded the Jules Rimet Trophy, when Pelé, one of the most recognized football players in history and all-time top scorer in the sport, led", "title": "Sport in Brazil" }, { "id": "145484", "text": "(2002–2014) is the all-time top scorer at the finals, with 16 goals. He broke Ronaldo of Brazil's record of 15 goals (1998–2006) during the 2014 semi-final match against Brazil. West Germany's Gerd Müller (1970–1974) is third, with 14 goals. The fourth placed goalscorer, France's Just Fontaine, holds the record for the most goals scored in a single World Cup; all his 13 goals were scored in the 1958 tournament. In November 2007, FIFA announced that all members of World Cup-winning squads between 1930 and 1974 were to be retroactively awarded winners' medals. This made Brazil's Pelé the only player to", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "16601507", "text": "best player (Lionel Messi) versus the world's best team (Germany). Before the match, Germany had reached the World Cup final seven times (six times as West Germany from 1954 to 1990), winning three (1954, 1974, 1990) and being runners-up four times (1966, 1982, 1986, 2002); Argentina had reached four finals, winning twice (1978, 1986) and placing second twice (1930, 1990). The result marked Germany's fourth World Cup title and their first World championship as a unified nation. The victory meant that three consecutive World Cups have been won by teams from the same continent, following Italy and Spain in 2006", "title": "2014 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "7570991", "text": "victory over Switzerland). West Germany were the tournament winners, defeating Olympic champions Hungary 3–2 in the final, overturning a 2–0 deficit in the process, with Helmut Rahn scoring the winner. The match is known as the Miracle of Bern in Germany. Brazil won the 1958 World Cup, held in Sweden, and became the first team to win a World Cup outside their home continent (only 4 teams have done this to date – Brazil in 1958, 1970, 1994 and 2002, Argentina in 1986, Spain in 2010 and Germany in 2014). The Soviet Union participated this time, most likely due to", "title": "History of the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "8591329", "text": "This list, published by Italian National Olympic Committee, refers to a survey made by National Institute of Statistics (Italy) in 2000. Football is the most popular sport in Italy. The Italian national football team has won the FIFA World Cup four times (1934, 1938, 1982, and 2006), trailing only Brazil (with 5) and level with Germany (with 4). Serie A clubs have seen success in the Champions League (formerly the European Cup), the premier European club competition, winning it twelve times. The Italian word for soccer is \"\", \"kick\", taken from the name of Italy's traditional football games, as opposed", "title": "Sport in Italy" }, { "id": "3184991", "text": "Uruguay national football team The Uruguay national football team represents Uruguay in international association football and is controlled by the Uruguayan Football Association, the governing body for football in Uruguay. The current head coach is Óscar Tabárez. The Uruguayan team is commonly referred to as La Celeste (The Sky Blue). They have won the Copa América 15 times, the most successful national team in the tournament, the most recent title being the 2011 edition. The team has won the FIFA World Cup twice, including the first World Cup in 1930 as hosts, defeating Argentina 4–2 in the final. They won", "title": "Uruguay national football team" }, { "id": "3140646", "text": "1986 and 1990. This marked the first time that teams from the same continent had won three consecutive World Cups (following Italy in 2006 and Spain in 2010). It was also the first time that a European nation had won the World Cup in the Americas. On aggregate Europe then had 11 victories, compared to South America's 9 victories. In total, 171 goals were scored by a record 121 players, with five credited as own goals. Goals scored from penalty shoot-outs are not counted. The most notable disciplinary case was that of Uruguayan striker Luis Suárez, who was suspended for", "title": "2014 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "7570999", "text": "Pelé header on the six-yard line, arguably the best save ever. The tournament is also remembered for the semi-final match between Italy and West Germany, in which five goals were scored in extra time, and Franz Beckenbauer played with a broken arm, since Germany had used up all their allowed substitutions. Italy were the eventual 4–3 winners, but were defeated 1–4 in the final by Brazil, who became the first nation to win three World Cups, and were awarded the Jules Rimet trophy permanently for their achievement. A new trophy was created for the 1974 edition, held in West Germany.", "title": "History of the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "361969", "text": "Brazil holds the record at the FIFA World Cup with five titles in total. Argentina and Uruguay have two titles each. So far four South American nations have hosted the tournament including the first edition in Uruguay (1930). The other three were Brazil (1950, 2014), Chile (1962), and Argentina (1978). South America is home to the longest running international football tournament; the Copa América, which has been regularly contested since 1916. Uruguay won the Copa América a record 15 times, surpassing hosts Argentina in 2011 to reach 15 titles (they were previously equal at 14 titles each during the 2011", "title": "South America" }, { "id": "17841868", "text": "went out with a single loss. In 1954 they held England at a tie (4–4) and in 1970 they achieved their first World Cup win, against El Salvador (3–0). Belgium reached six successive World Cups from 1982 through 2002 by playing qualification rounds, a record bettered only by Spain whose 2018 World Cup is their ninth consecutive qualification (a streak going back to 1986). Every other nation with an equal or longer string of appearances has had the streak \"interrupted\" by automatic qualification as the host or the defending champion (the 2006 tournament was the first for which the defending", "title": "Belgium at the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "1362553", "text": "Cup three times, the only team to have done so. They beat France in the final of the 1987 inaugural competition held in New Zealand and Australia, defeated France again in the final of the 2011 tournament, also hosted in New Zealand, and most recently defeated Australia in England in 2015, making them the first and only team to win the World Cup in consecutive tournaments. In 1991, they lost their semi-final to Australia before winning the playoff for third. In 1995, they reached the final, before losing in extra time to hosts South Africa. They finished in fourth place", "title": "New Zealand national rugby union team" }, { "id": "1375500", "text": "champions winning the World Cup, until Spain (champions of the UEFA Euro 2008) defeated the Netherlands in the South Africa 2010 FIFA World Cup Final. France have also held both trophies, albeit in a different order, at the same time by winning the 1998 World Cup followed by Euro 2000. Joao Havelange (former FIFA President from 1974 to 1998) claimed that the 1966 and 1974 World Cups were fixed so that England and Germany would win respectively. This was only the second time that a team had won the World Cup after losing a match in the Finals (West Germany", "title": "1974 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "6642245", "text": "and 1979, the ICC World Twenty20 twice, in 2012 and 2016, the ICC Champions Trophy once, in 2004, the ICC Under 19 Cricket World Cup once, in 2016, and were runners-up in the Cricket World Cup in 1983 and Under 19 Cricket World Cup in 2004. The West Indies were the first team to win back-to-back World Cups (1975 and 1979), and appeared in three consecutive World Cup finals (1975, 1979 and 1983). The West Indies has hosted the 2007 Cricket World Cup and the 2010 ICC World Twenty20. The current side represents: Cricket West Indies, the governing body of", "title": "West Indies cricket team" }, { "id": "1852930", "text": "won the 2018 FIFA World Cup, defeating Croatia 4–2 in the final match on 15 July 2018. This was the second time they had won the tournament after winning it on home soil in 1998. France was the first national team that has won the three most important men’s titles recognized by FIFA: the World Cup, the Confederations Cup, and the Olympic tournament after victory in the Confederations Cup in 2001. Since 2001, Argentina (after the 2004 Olympics) and Brazil (after the 2016 Olympics) are the other two national teams that have won these three titles. They have also won", "title": "France national football team" }, { "id": "1375571", "text": "only one goal scored against Italy's two), and also the only World Cup winner to draw or lose three matches at the Finals. By winning, Italy equalled Brazil's record of winning the World Cup three times. Italy's total of twelve goals scored in seven matches set a new low for average goals scored per game by a World Cup winning side (subsequently exceeded by Spain in 2010), while Italy's aggregate goal difference of +6 for the tournament remains a record low for a champion, equalled by Spain. Italy's 40-year-old captain-goalkeeper Dino Zoff became the oldest player to win the World", "title": "1982 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "1375454", "text": "first appearances at the final stage. The tournament was won by Brazil, which defeated another two-time former champion, Italy, 4–1 in the final in Mexico City. The win gave Brazil its third World Cup title, which allowed them to permanently keep the Jules Rimet Trophy, and a new trophy was introduced in 1974. The victorious team, led by Carlos Alberto and featuring players such as Pelé, Gérson, Jairzinho, Rivellino, and Tostão, is often cited as the greatest-ever World Cup team. They achieved a perfect record of wins in all six games in the finals, as well as winning all their", "title": "1970 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "15676107", "text": "a younger team of players who were attempting to win their way into the senior squad, including Landon Donovan who was coming off of a sabbatical from the sport at the time. The United States won every game they played in the tournament, defeating Panama 1-0 in the Final to take the cup. The United States continued its win streak by defeating Bosnia-Herzegovina, but lost to Belgium to end their win streak at 13. The USA lost to Costa Rica, but defeated Mexico 2-0 in the Hex to seal a trip to the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The United States", "title": "History of soccer in the United States" }, { "id": "20441577", "text": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup due to the ongoing project. The renovation project cost €341 million, and the stadium officially reopened with an international friendly between Russia and Argentina on 11 November 2017. After Uruguay and Brazil were eliminated in the quarter-finals, a European side was ensured to win the World Cup for a fourth consecutive tournament. The match was also the ninth all-European World Cup final, which most recently occurred in 2006 and 2010. The match was the third World Cup final for France, first appearing in the 1998 final as hosts, winning 3–0 against reigning champions Brazil. France also", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "631521", "text": "Ecuador, Senegal and Slovenia made their World Cup debuts. The tournament had several upsets and surprise results, which included the defending champions France being eliminated in the group stage after earning a single point and second favourites Argentina also being eliminated in the group stage. South Korea managed to reach the semi-finals, beating Spain, Italy and Portugal en route. However, the most potent team at the tournament, Brazil, prevailed, winning the final against Germany 2–0, making them the first and only country to have won the World Cup five times. The victory qualified Brazil for the 2003 and subsequently 2005", "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "9443071", "text": "the best overall performance in World Cup history in both proportional and absolute terms with a record of 73 victories in 109 matches played, 124 goal difference, 237 points and only 18 losses. Traditionally, Brazil's greatest rival is Argentina. The two countries have met each other four times in the history of the FIFA World Cup, with two wins for Brazil (West Germany 1974 and Spain 1982), one for Argentina (Italy 1990) and a draw (Argentina 1978). The country that played most against Brazil in the finals is Sweden: 7 times, with five wins for Brazil and two draws. Three", "title": "Brazil at the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "3874410", "text": "Football in Italy Football (\"calcio\" in Italian) is the most popular sport in Italy. The Italian national football team is considered to be one of the best national teams in the world. They have won the FIFA World Cup four times (1934, 1938, 1982, 2006), trailing only Brazil (with 5), runners-up in two finals (1970, 1994) and reaching a third place (1990) and a fourth place (1978). They have also won one European Championship (1968), also appearing in two finals (2000, 2012), finished third at the Confederations Cup (2013), won one Olympic football tournament (1936) and two Central European International", "title": "Football in Italy" }, { "id": "6722007", "text": "was originally a certificate. From 1982 to 1990, it had been a golden trophy based on Sport Billy, a football-playing cartoon character from 1982 who became an icon for FIFA Fair play. Ever since 1994, it is simply a trophy with an elegant footballer figure. Peru was the first nation to win the award after receiving no yellow or red cards in the 1970 FIFA World Cup held in Mexico. The \"Man of the Match\" award picks the outstanding player in every game of the tournament since 2002. While the inaugural two editions were chosen by the technical group, the", "title": "FIFA World Cup awards" }, { "id": "220059", "text": "has the engraving \"FIFA World Cup\" on its base. After the 1994 FIFA World Cup a plate was added to the bottom side of the trophy on which the names of winning countries are engraved, names therefore not visible when the trophy is standing upright. The inscriptions state the year in figures and the name of the winning nation in its national language; for example, \"1974 Deutschland\" or \"1994 Brasil\". In 2010, however, the name of the winning nation was engraved as \"2010 Spain\", in English, not in Spanish. As of 2018, twelve winners have been engraved on the base.", "title": "FIFA World Cup Trophy" }, { "id": "631553", "text": "was introduced in 1986. Brazil also became the first team to win every match at a World Cup Finals since 1970 and set a new record for highest aggregate goal difference (+14) for a World Cup winner. Brazil's captain Cafu, who became the first player to appear in three successive World Cup finals, accepted the trophy on behalf of the team. Ronaldo won the Golden Shoe after scoring eight goals. In total, 161 goals were scored by 109 players, with three of them credited as own goals. Two of those own goals were in the same match, marking the first", "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "4564998", "text": "the Chilean national team that reached 3rd place in the 1962 FIFA World Cup, the best result ever achieved by Chile in a World Cup. In 1995, Universidad de Chile won the cup once more, this time at home in front of almost 78,000 people in the Estadio Nacional. The team would then win back-to-back titles in 1999 and 2000. More recently Universidad de Chile has won the Apertura in 2004, 2009, 2011 and 2014/2015, and Clausura in 2011 and 2016/2017. The 2011, the title was won at the hands of defending champions Universidad Católica, by a global score of", "title": "Club Universidad de Chile" }, { "id": "145444", "text": "France, Romania, and Yugoslavia to make the trip. In total, 13 nations took part: seven from South America, four from Europe and two from North America. The first two World Cup matches took place simultaneously on 13 July 1930, and were won by France and the USA, who defeated Mexico 4–1 and Belgium 3–0 respectively. The first goal in World Cup history was scored by Lucien Laurent of France. In the final, Uruguay defeated Argentina 4–2 in front of 93,000 people in Montevideo, and became the first nation to win the World Cup. After the creation of the World Cup,", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "7571007", "text": "to win the World Cup. Italian striker Paolo Rossi, who was making his comeback after a match-fixing scandal and the ensuing ban, was the tournament top-scorer with six goals including a classic hat-trick against Brazil. Because of Colombia's withdrawal to host the tournament, Mexico became the first nation to hold two World Cups by hosting the 1986 World Cup. The format changed again, with the second round being replaced by a pre-quarterfinal, knockout competition, for which 16 teams would qualify. It was also decided that the final two matches in all groups would kick off simultaneously, to ensure complete fairness.", "title": "History of the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145446", "text": "competitions, which Germany and Brazil sought to host, were cancelled due to World War II and its aftermath. The 1950 World Cup, held in Brazil, was the first to include British participants. British teams withdrew from FIFA in 1920, partly out of unwillingness to play against the countries they had been at war with, and partly as a protest against foreign influence on football, but rejoined in 1946 following FIFA's invitation. The tournament also saw the return of 1930 champions Uruguay, who had boycotted the previous two World Cups. Uruguay won the tournament again after defeating the host nation Brazil,", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18181128", "text": "numerous chances to score, but Claudio Caniggia eventually found Brazil's net after a brilliant Diego Maradona assist, thereby eliminating Brazil. Brazil, to the surprise of many, went 24 years without winning a World Cup or even participating in a final. This included 16 years without even making the round of eight, with their best result being third place in 1978. Their struggles ended at the 1994 tournament in the United States, where a solid, if unspectacular, side headed by Romário, Bebeto, Dunga, Taffarel and Jorginho, won the World Cup for a then-record fourth time. Playing all but two of their", "title": "History of the Brazil national football team" }, { "id": "3121862", "text": "Cafu Marcos Evangelista de Morais (born 7 June 1970), known as Cafu , is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a defender. With 142 appearances for the Brazil national team, he is the most internationally capped Brazilian player of all time. He represented his nation in four FIFA World Cups between 1994 and 2006, and is the only player to have appeared in three consecutive World Cup finals, winning the 1994 and 2002 editions of the tournament, the latter as his team's captain where he lifted the World Cup trophy. With Brazil, he also took part in four", "title": "Cafu" }, { "id": "3262926", "text": "seven years, until they were surpassed by a strong France team that captured both the 1998 FIFA World Cup and the 2000 European Football Championship. Success at the 2002 FIFA World Cup restored Brazil to the top position, where they remained until February 2007, when Italy returned to the top for the first time since 1993 following their 2006 FIFA World Cup win in Germany. Just one month later, Argentina replaced them, reaching the top for the first time, but Italy regained its place in April. After winning the Copa América 2007 in July, Brazil returned to the top, but", "title": "FIFA World Rankings" }, { "id": "20441571", "text": "their first World Cup final. Both teams had defeated former World Cup champions on their way to the final: France defeated 1930 and 1950 winners Uruguay, Croatia defeated 1966 winners England and both teams defeated 1978 and 1986 winners Argentina. Croatia became the third Eastern European nation to reach the World Cup final, and the first since Czechoslovakia lost the final in 1962 to Brazil. France won the match 4–2, having taken a 2–1 lead during the first half on an own goal and penalty awarded by the video assistant referee (VAR), both firsts in a World Cup final. France", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "145473", "text": "time a World Cup has been shared by three host nations. The 2026 tournament will be the biggest World Cup ever held, with 48 teams playing 80 matches. Sixty matches will take place in the US, including all matches from the quarter-finals onward, while Canada and Mexico will host 10 games each. Six of the eight champions have won one of their titles while playing in their own homeland, the exceptions being Brazil, who finished as runners-up after losing the deciding match on home soil in 1950 and lost their semi-final against Germany in 2014, and Spain, which reached the", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "1375478", "text": "with FIFA's stated wish. The tournament's average of 2.97 goals per game set a level not since bettered. The eventual champions Brazil, led by Carlos Alberto, and featuring Pelé, Clodoaldo, Gérson, Jairzinho, Rivellino, and Tostão, is often cited as the greatest-ever World Cup team. They won all of their six games on the way to the title, and had also won every one of their qualifying fixtures. Jairzinho's feat of scoring in every finals match likewise has yet to be equalled. Coach Mário Zagallo became the first man to win the World Cup as both a player (1958, 1962) and", "title": "1970 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "1320985", "text": "109 matches played, 124 goal difference, 237 points, and 18 losses. Brazil is the only national team to have played in all World Cup editions without any absence nor need for playoffs. The \"seleção\" is likewise the most successful national team in the FIFA Confederations Cup with four titles: 1997, 2005, 2009 and 2013. In relation to ranking standings Brazil fare well, having the all-time highest \"average\" football Elo Rating, and the fourth all-time \"highest\" football Elo Rating established in 1962. In FIFA's own ranking, Brazil holds the record for most Team of the Year wins with 12. Many commentators,", "title": "Brazil national football team" }, { "id": "17612966", "text": "and had the largest official audience ever recorded for a football match, with 183,341 spectators in Brazil's Maracanã Stadium. In total the Brazilian team won all 12 games, scoring 42 goals and conceding only 8. With this third win after their 1958 and 1962 World Cup victories, Brazil became the world's most successful national football team at that time, surpassing both Italy and Uruguay, who each had two championships. Brazil also earned the right to retain the Jules Rimet Trophy permanently. (However, it was stolen in 1983 while on display in Rio de Janeiro and never recovered.) Brazilian coach Mário", "title": "Brazil at the 1970 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "90989", "text": "remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full-member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The first international cricket match was played between Canada and", "title": "Cricket World Cup" }, { "id": "220048", "text": "FIFA World Cup Trophy The World Cup is a gold trophy that is awarded to the winners of the FIFA World Cup association football tournament. Since the advent of the World Cup in 1930, two trophies have been used: the Jules Rimet Trophy from 1930 to 1970, and the FIFA World Cup Trophy from 1974 to the present day. The first trophy, originally named \"Victory\", but later renamed in honour of FIFA president Jules Rimet, was made of gold plated sterling silver and lapis lazuli and depicted Nike, the Greek goddess of victory. Brazil won the trophy outright in 1970,", "title": "FIFA World Cup Trophy" }, { "id": "17612967", "text": "Zagallo was the first footballer to become World Cup champion as a player (1958, 1962) and a coach, and Pelé ended his World Cup playing career as the first (and so far only) three-time winner. Brazil at the 1970 FIFA World Cup At the 1970 FIFA World Cup, Brazil participated for the 9th time in the event. The country remained as the only national team to have participated in every installment of the FIFA World Cup. The Brazilian front five of Jairzinho, Pelé, Gerson, Tostao and Rivelino were all No 10s in their own right and together they created an", "title": "Brazil at the 1970 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "7584315", "text": "country is now chosen in a vote by FIFA's Congress. This is done under an exhaustive ballot system. The decision is currently made roughly seven years in advance of the tournament, though the hosts for the 2022 tournament were chosen at the same time as those for the 2018 tournament. Only Mexico, Italy, France, Germany (West Germany until shortly after the 1990 World Cup) and Brazil have hosted the event on two occasions. Mexico City's Estadio Azteca and Rio de Janeiro's Maracanã are the only venues ever to have hosted two FIFA World Cup finals. Only the 2002 FIFA World", "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts" }, { "id": "2432664", "text": "has improved its overseas form, especially in limited-overs cricket, since the start of the 21st century, winning Test matches in Australia, England and South Africa. It has won the Cricket World Cup twice – in 1983 under the captaincy of Kapil Dev and in 2011 under the captaincy of Mahendra Singh Dhoni. After winning the 2011 World Cup, India became only the third team after West Indies and Australia to have won the World Cup more than once, and the first cricket team to win the World Cup at home. It also won the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 and 2013", "title": "India national cricket team" }, { "id": "4749655", "text": "Sport in Brazil Sports in Brazil are those that are widely practiced and popular in the country, as well as others which originated there or have some cultural significance. Brazilians are heavily involved in sports. Association football is the most popular sport in Brazil. Other than football, sports like volleyball, mixed martial arts, basketball, and motor sports, especially Formula One, enjoy high levels of popularity. Football is the most popular sport in Brazil. The Brazil national football team, governed by the Confederação Brasileira de Futebol, has won the FIFA World Cup a record 5 times, in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994,", "title": "Sport in Brazil" }, { "id": "903166", "text": "They went undefeated 9–0 in the tournament, winning by an average margin of 33.0 points. The United States was just the third country in World Cup history to repeat as champions. Combined with their 2010 World Championship along with gold by their 2008 and 2012 Olympic teams, they also became the first country in FIBA basketball history to win four consecutive major titles. The United States defeated Serbia in the World Cup Final by 37 points and clinched a berth for the 2016 Summer Olympics. Multiple withdrawals (largely triggered by a freak injury to Paul George in a pre-2014 World", "title": "United States men's national basketball team" }, { "id": "145459", "text": "trophy permanently. However, the trophy was stolen in 1983 and has never been recovered, apparently melted down by the thieves. After 1970, a new trophy, known as the FIFA World Cup Trophy, was designed. The experts of FIFA, coming from seven countries, evaluated the 53 presented models, finally opting for the work of the Italian designer Silvio Gazzaniga. The new trophy is high, made of solid 18 carat (75%) gold and weighs . The base contains two layers of semi-precious malachite while the bottom side of the trophy bears the engraved year and name of each FIFA World Cup winner", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "6688284", "text": "to have won consecutive titles (West Indies: 1975 and 1979; Australia: 1999, 2003 and 2007). Australia have also notably featured in 6 finals of the total 9 World Cups, including the last four in a row. England is the only country to have reached the final without ever winning it, having been runners-up three times. The furthest a non-Test playing nation has ever reached is the semi-finals, achieved by Kenya in the 2003 tournament. India is the first host country to have won the world cup on the home ground in 2011.The only other host to reach a Final was", "title": "Cricket World Cup teams" }, { "id": "2370344", "text": "became part of The Best FIFA Football Awards. During the men's era, Brazilian players won 8 out of 19 years, compared to three wins – the second most – for French players. In terms of individual players, Brazil again led with five, followed by Italy and Portugal with two each. The youngest winner was Ronaldo, who won at 20 years old in 1996, and the oldest winner was Fabio Cannavaro, who won aged 33 in 2006. Ronaldo and Zinedine Zidane each won the award three times, while Ronaldo and Ronaldinho were the only players to win in successive years. From", "title": "FIFA World Player of the Year" }, { "id": "631552", "text": "Brazil as they claimed victory over Germany. Ronaldo scored twice in the second half and, after the game, won the Golden Shoe award for the tournament's leading scorer with eight goals. This was the fifth time Brazil had won the World Cup, cementing their status as the most successful national team in the history of the competition. Brazil became the only team since Argentina in 1986 to win the trophy without needing to win a penalty shoot-out at some stage during the knockout phase and the total number of penalty shoot-outs (2) was the lowest since the four-round knockout format", "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145448", "text": "out of the first round were: USA, semi-finalists in 1930; Cuba, quarter-finalists in 1938; North Korea, quarter-finalists in 1966; and Mexico, quarter-finalists in 1970. The tournament was expanded to 24 teams in 1982, and then to 32 in 1998, also allowing more teams from Africa, Asia and North America to take part. Since then, teams from these regions have enjoyed more success, with several having reached the quarter-finals: Mexico, quarter-finalists in 1986; Cameroon, quarter-finalists in 1990; South Korea, finishing in fourth place in 2002; Senegal, along with USA, both quarter-finalists in 2002; Ghana, quarter-finalists in 2010; and Costa Rica, quarter-finalists", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20441524", "text": "at the World Cup, their longest ever such drought. Hernández scored his 50th goal for Mexico, becoming the first player in the history of the Mexican national team to reach that milestone. Mexico have won back-to-back matches at the World Cup for the first time since winning their first two matches at the 2002 World Cup. Hernández is only the third player to score at three different World Cups for Mexico after Cuauhtémoc Blanco and Rafael Márquez. <section begin=f3 /><section end=f3 /> The two teams had met in 36 previous matches, including four FIFA World Cup games, the latest of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Group F" }, { "id": "7570982", "text": "and the United States, who beat Mexico 4–1 and Belgium 3–0, respectively. The first goal in World Cup history was scored by Lucien Laurent of France. Four days later, the first World Cup hat-trick was achieved by Bert Patenaude of the U.S. in the Americans' 3–0 win against Paraguay. In the final, Uruguay defeated Argentina 4–2 in front of a crowd of 93,000 people in Montevideo to become the first nation to win a World Cup. The 1934 World Cup was hosted by Italy and was the first World Cup to include a qualification stage. Sixteen teams qualified for the", "title": "History of the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "7649807", "text": "event. The South American Copa América was first contested in 1916 and preceded the World Cup. Decades later, other continental championships emerged - the AFC Asian Cup (1956), the African Cup of Nations (1957), the European Championship (1960), North America's Gold Cup (1991) and Oceania's OFC Nations Cup (1996). The Brazilian team is the most successful team in the World Cup, having won five times. The runners-up are Italy and Germany (three as West Germany) with four titles, having won their latest titles in 2006 and 2014 respectively. The FIFA Women's World Cup was inaugurated with the FIFA Women's World", "title": "History of association football" }, { "id": "718498", "text": "to win the World Cup twice in succession; no team has achieved the feat since. Host nation Chile finished third, defeating Yugoslavia 1–0 in the third-place play-off. The tournament was marred by a toxic atmosphere and violence between players on the pitch; it included the first-round match between Chile and Italy (2–0), which became known as the Battle of Santiago, one of a number of violent matches played throughout the tournament. It was the first World Cup that used goal average as a means of separating teams with the same number of points. It was also the first World Cup", "title": "1962 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "6722001", "text": "\"Silver Ball\" and \"Bronze Ball\" awards as the second and third most outstanding players in the tournament respectively. The current award was introduced in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, sponsored by Adidas and \"France Football\", though fifa.com also lists in their player articles as \"golden ball winners\" Kempes, Cruyff, Pelé, Bobby Charlton, Garrincha and Didi for 1978, 1974, 1970, 1966, 1962 and 1958 respectively. Barcelona is the only club whose players have won the Golden Ball a record 3 times (Johan Cruyff in 1974, Romário in 1994, Lionel Messi in 2014). The \"Golden Boot\" or \"Golden Shoe\" Award goes to", "title": "FIFA World Cup awards" }, { "id": "3018018", "text": "tournament in South Africa, as well as having won back-to-back European titles in Euro 2008 and Euro 2012, defeating Germany and Italy in the respective finals, making them the only national team with three major titles in a row. According to this, from 2008 to 2013, the national team won the FIFA Team of the Year, the second-most of any nation, behind only Brazil. Also between November 2006 and June 2009, Spain went undefeated for a record-equalling 35 consecutive matches, a record shared with Brazil. Their achievements have led many experts and commentators to consider the 2008-2012 Spanish squads, among", "title": "Spain national football team" }, { "id": "12529861", "text": "the final whistle went, West Germany were crowned world champions for 1974, in addition to their European title from 1972. This was the only case of the reigning European champions winning the World Cup until Spain accomplished the feat in 2010, although France have also held both trophies at the same time by winning the 1998 World Cup followed by Euro 2000. The Brazilian João Havelange (former FIFA President from 1974 to 1998) made an unsubstantiated claim that the 1966 and 1974 World Cups were fixed so that England and West Germany would win respectively. <section begin=Final /><section end=Final />", "title": "1974 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "3806805", "text": "2010 FIFA World Cup when Honduras strikingly qualified by their victory away at El Salvador and Costa Rica's tie against the USA. Their third and most recent World Cup appearance was the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Honduras has won the UNCAF Nations Cup four times: in 1993, 1995, 2011 and 2017. Prior to the qualification stages leading up to the 1970 World Cup in Mexico, Honduras and El Salvador found themselves in what was called the Football (Soccer) War. This nickname was given to the situation after an elimination game was played between the two countries which ended in a", "title": "Honduras national football team" }, { "id": "5393914", "text": "\"Der Bomber\" Gerd Müller (Germany's all-time leading scorer with 68 goals in 62 games), Germany won its second World Cup by defeating the Netherlands in the final, 2–1, behind goals by Breitner and Müller. The Final was famous for the battle between Kaiser Franz (Beckenbauer) and King Johann (Cruyff). The tournament marked the first time that the current trophy, the FIFA World Cup, was awarded. The previous trophy, the Jules Rimet Trophy, was won for the third time by Brazil in 1970 and awarded permanently to the Brazilians. In a tournament which included a memorable clash with rival the Netherlands,", "title": "Football in Germany" }, { "id": "707623", "text": "over Zaire (9–0) in 1974 and Hungary over El Salvador (10–1) in 1982. West Germany also became the first team to win the World Cup after having lost a match at the finals (losing 8–3 to Hungary in the group stage). This feat was subsequently repeated by West Germany in 1974, Argentina in 1978 and Spain in 2010, who all lost group matches 1–0. Coincidentally, all three teams won against Netherlands sides in the final. West Germany's 1954 victory remains the only time that a team has won the World Cup without playing any team from outside its own continent", "title": "1954 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20441551", "text": "their 3–1 victory over Mexico in 1978. Panama became the first nation since Serbia & Montenegro and Togo in 2006 to lose each of their first three World Cup games. Panama's goal means this is the first World Cup tournament in which every side has scored at least two goals in the competition. Meriah's own goal was the 50th in World Cup history. <section begin=g6 /><section end=g6 /> Fair play points would have been used as tiebreakers if the overall and head-to-head records of teams had been tied. These were calculated based on yellow and red cards received in all", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Group G" }, { "id": "3420616", "text": "Cups. Along with Germany, Brazil, Italy, Argentina, France, Spain and Uruguay, Mexico is one of eight nations to have won two of the three most important football tournaments (the World Cup, Confederations Cup, and Summer Olympics), having won the 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2012 Summer Olympics. Mexico played France in the very first match of the first World Cup on 13 July 1930. Mexico's best progression in World Cups has been reaching the quarter-finals in both the 1970 and 1986 World Cups, both of which were staged on Mexican soil. Mexico is historically the most successful national team", "title": "Mexico national football team" }, { "id": "12549603", "text": "Football in Uruguay Football is the most popular sport in Uruguay. The Uruguay national football team has won two FIFA World Cup titles in addition to a record 15 Copa América titles, making them one of the most successful teams in South America. The national team won the first edition of the tournament in 1930, and won it again in 1950. Also, the Uruguayan national football team won the football Olympic Games twice, in 1924 and 1928 as well as the Copa de Oro de Campeones Mundiales (\"Mundialito\") in 1980-1981. The sport was first introduced by British immigrants and expatriates", "title": "Football in Uruguay" }, { "id": "7570995", "text": "opponents though only two players from Italy were sent off by English referee Ken Aston. In the end, the Italian team needed police protection to leave the field in safety. When the final whistle blew, Brazil beat Czechoslovakia for the second World Cup in a row by a final of 3–1 led by Garrincha and Amarildo, in Pelé's absence, and retained the Jules Rimet trophy. Colombia's Marcos Coll made World Cup history when he scored a goal direct from a corner kick (called an Olympic Goal in Latin America), the only one ever made in a World Cup, past legendary", "title": "History of the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "1853054", "text": "current national team. The official name and code \"Germany FR (FRG)\" was shortened to \"Germany (GER)\" following the reunification in 1990. Germany is one of the most successful national teams in international competitions, having won four World Cups (1954, 1974, 1990, 2014), three European Championships (1972, 1980, 1996), and one Confederations Cup (2017). They have also been runners-up three times in the European Championships, four times in the World Cup, and a further four third-place finishes at World Cups. East Germany won Olympic Gold in 1976. Germany is the only nation to have won both the FIFA World Cup and", "title": "Germany national football team" }, { "id": "18150594", "text": "Germany or West Germany. In total, 64 footballers came from UEFA (Europe), 29 from CONMEBOL (South America), and only four from elsewhere: Cameroon, Ghana, Australia, and the United States. Fontaine holds the record for the most goals scored at a single tournament, with 13 goals in 1958. The players that came closest to this record were Kocsis in 1954, Müller in 1970 and Portugal's Eusébio in 1966, with 11, 10 and 9, respectively. The lowest scoring tournament's top scorer was in 1962, when six players tied at only four goals each. Across the 21 editions of the World Cup, 30", "title": "FIFA World Cup top goalscorers" }, { "id": "624226", "text": "Barthez, having made only one save in the game (on an injury time shot from Ronaldo), became the first keeper to blank the Brazilian team in consecutive World Cup finals matches, the first being the 1998 final (3–0). France is now one of only four nations (along with Italy, Argentina and the Netherlands) to have shut Brazil out twice in the World Cup finals, and the first to have done it in consecutive matches, both times with Barthez in goal. Barthez again kept another clean sheet – his fourth of the tournament – in the semi-final against Portugal (with Zinedine", "title": "Fabien Barthez" }, { "id": "1855418", "text": "Cup of Nations was moved from January to June and expanded from 16 to 24 teams. Egypt is the most successful nation in the cup's history, winning the tournament a record of seven times (including when Egypt was known as the United Arab Republic between 1958 and 1961). Three different trophies have been awarded during the tournament's history, with Ghana and Cameroon winning the first two versions to keep after each of them won a tournament three times. The current trophy was first awarded in 2002 and with Egypt winning it indefinitely after winning their unprecedented third consecutive title in", "title": "Africa Cup of Nations" }, { "id": "7571015", "text": "won the tournament by beating Brazil 3–0 in the final, as the Brazilian Ronaldo had health issues and therefore he hasn't impact on the match. Debutants Croatia finished a commendable third. The 2002 World Cup was the first to be held in Asia, and was hosted jointly by South Korea and Japan. Togolese Souleymane Mamam became the youngest player ever to take to a World Cup preliminary game field at 13 years, 310 days in Lomé in May 2001. Australia defeated American Samoa 31–0 in a preliminary match – a new record for the margin of victory, and the highest-scoring", "title": "History of the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "3140643", "text": "The eight teams to win in the round of 16 included four former champions (Brazil, Germany, Argentina and France), a three-time runner-up (Netherlands), and two first-time quarter-finalists (Colombia and Costa Rica). Belgium reached the quarter-finals for the first time since 1986. \"All times listed below are at local time ()\" With a 1–0 victory over France, Germany set a World Cup record with four consecutive semi-final appearances. Brazil beat Colombia 2–1, but Brazil's Neymar was injured and missed the rest of the competition. Argentina reached the final four for the first time since 1990 after a 1–0 win over Belgium.", "title": "2014 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18181104", "text": "History of the Brazil national football team The history of the Brazil national football team began with the team's first international match in 1914, a 0–3 loss to Argentina. Brazil played in the first FIFA World Cup in 1930. The Brazil national team has been successful throughout its history, winning the FIFA World Cup five times since 1958. It is generally believed that the first game of the Brazil national football team was a 1914 match between a Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo select team and the English club Exeter City, held in Fluminense's stadium. Brazil won 2–0 with", "title": "History of the Brazil national football team" }, { "id": "2084613", "text": "Brazilian players such as Pelé, Ronaldo, Kaká, and Ronaldinho also Neymar are among the most well known players in the sport. The Brazil national football team (\"Seleção\") is currently among the best in the world, according to the FIFA World Rankings. They have been victorious in the FIFA World Cup a record 5 times, in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, and 2002. Basketball, volleyball, auto racing, and martial arts also attract large audiences. Tennis, handball, swimming, and gymnastics have found a growing sporting number of enthusiasts over the last decade. Some sport variations have their origins in Brazil. Beach football, futsal", "title": "Culture of Brazil" }, { "id": "19358502", "text": "Meazza was getting ready to take the penalty, the elastic in his shorts snapped, causing the Inter Milan striker to hold them up with his left hand when taking the kick. Romeu scored a late Brazilian consolation as Italy went on to win the match 2–1 over Brazil and subsequently the World Cup in the final against Hungary for their second straight World Cup title. Italy reached the final of the 1970 World Cup on 21 June by defeating West Germany 4–3 in one of the most memorable matches of all time, five of the seven goals coming in extra", "title": "Brazil–Italy football rivalry" }, { "id": "18150592", "text": "the 1930 tournament. The first was Hungary's Sándor Kocsis with eleven in 1954. At the next tournament, France's Just Fontaine improved on this record with 13 goals in only six games. Gerd Müller scored 10 for West Germany in 1970 and broke the overall record when he scored his 14th goal at the World Cup during West Germany's win at the 1974 final. His record stood for more than three decades until Ronaldo's 15 goals between 1998 and 2006 for Brazil. Germany's Miroslav Klose went on to score a record 16 goals across four consecutive tournaments between 2002 and 2014.", "title": "FIFA World Cup top goalscorers" }, { "id": "7919108", "text": "in North African music and dance and, in Southern Africa, Western influences are apparent due to colonization. Fifty-four African countries have football (soccer) teams in the Confederation of African Football. Egypt has won the African Cup seven times, and a record-making three times in a row. Cameroon, Nigeria, Senegal, Ghana, and Algeria have advanced to the knockout stage of recent FIFA World Cups. South Africa hosted the 2010 World Cup tournament, becoming the first African country to do so. Cricket is popular in some African nations. South Africa and Zimbabwe have Test status, while Kenya is the leading non-test team", "title": "Africa" } ]	which country has won the world cup two years in a row
[ "igneous" ]	[ { "id": "111087", "text": "eruptions, flooding, weathering, glaciation, the growth of coral reefs, and meteorite impacts are among the processes that constantly reshape the Earth's surface over geological time. The continental crust consists of lower density material such as the igneous rocks granite and andesite. Less common is basalt, a denser volcanic rock that is the primary constituent of the ocean floors. Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment that becomes buried and compacted together. Nearly 75% of the continental surfaces are covered by sedimentary rocks, although they form about 5% of the crust. The third form of rock material found on", "title": "Earth" }, { "id": "1623637", "text": "composition. Igneous rocks are divided into two main categories: The chemical abundance and the rate of cooling of magma typically forms a sequence known as Bowen's reaction series. Most major igneous rocks are found along this scale. About 64.7% of the Earth's crust by volume consists of igneous rocks, making it the most plentiful category. Of these, 66% are basalts and gabbros, 16% are granite, and 17% granodiorites and diorites. Only 0.6% are syenites and 0.3% peridotites and dunites. The oceanic crust is 99% basalt, which is an igneous rock of mafic composition. Granites and similar rocks, known as meta-granitoids,", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "4463725", "text": "increase in seismic velocity and are similar to light reflecting from a mirror. The Earth's crust ranges from in depth and is the outermost layer. The thin parts are the oceanic crust, which underlie the ocean basins (5–10 km) and are composed of dense (mafic) iron magnesium silicate igneous rocks, like basalt. The thicker crust is continental crust, which is less dense and composed of (felsic) sodium potassium aluminium silicate rocks, like granite. The rocks of the crust fall into two major categories – sial and sima (Suess,1831–1914). It is estimated that sima starts about 11 km below the Conrad", "title": "Structure of the Earth" }, { "id": "13900789", "text": "depth), with felsic composition (rich in silica and predominately quartz plus potassium-rich feldspar plus sodium-rich plagioclase) and phaneritic, subeuhedral texture (minerals are visible to the unaided eye and commonly some of them retain original crystallographic shapes). The Earth's crust averages about 35 kilometers thick under the continents, but averages only some 7–10 kilometers beneath the oceans. The continental crust is composed primarily of sedimentary rocks resting on a crystalline \"basement\" formed of a great variety of metamorphic and igneous rocks, including granulite and granite. Oceanic crust is composed primarily of basalt and gabbro. Both continental and oceanic crust rest on", "title": "Igneous rock" }, { "id": "12378238", "text": "thousands of known forms. In contrast, a rock sample is a random aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids, and has no specific chemical composition. The vast majority of the rocks of the Earth's crust consist of quartz (crystalline SiO), feldspar, mica, chlorite, kaolin, calcite, epidote, olivine, augite, hornblende, magnetite, hematite, limonite and a few other minerals. Some minerals, like quartz, mica or feldspar are common, while others have been found in only a few locations worldwide. The largest group of minerals by far is the silicates (most rocks are ≥95% silicates), which are composed largely of silicon and oxygen, with the", "title": "Solid" }, { "id": "1293838", "text": "Crust (geology) In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a rocky planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. It is usually distinguished from the underlying mantle by its chemical makeup; however, in the case of icy satellites, it may be distinguished based on its phase (solid crust vs. liquid mantle). The crusts of Earth, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Io, and other planetary bodies formed via igneous processes, and were later modified by erosion, impact cratering, volcanism, and sedimentation. Most terrestrial planets have fairly uniform crusts. Earth, however, has two distinct types: continental crust and oceanic crust. These two", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "5504887", "text": "Soil crust Soil crusts are soil surface layers that are distinct from the rest of the bulk soil, often hardened with a platy surface. Depending on the manner of formation, soil crusts can be biological or physical. Biological soil crusts are formed by communities of microorganisms that live on the soil surface whereas physical crusts are formed by physical impact such as that of raindrops. Biological soil crusts are communities of living organisms on the soil surface in arid- and semi-arid ecosystems. They are found throughout the world with varying species composition and cover depending on topography, soil characteristics, climate,", "title": "Soil crust" }, { "id": "111078", "text": "winds is called the geoid. More precisely, the geoid is the surface of gravitational equipotential at mean sea level. Earth's mass is approximately (5,970 Yg). It is composed mostly of iron (32.1%), oxygen (30.1%), silicon (15.1%), magnesium (13.9%), sulfur (2.9%), nickel (1.8%), calcium (1.5%), and aluminium (1.4%), with the remaining 1.2% consisting of trace amounts of other elements. Due to mass segregation, the core region is estimated to be primarily composed of iron (88.8%), with smaller amounts of nickel (5.8%), sulfur (4.5%), and less than 1% trace elements. The most common rock constituents of the crust are nearly all oxides:", "title": "Earth" }, { "id": "1293841", "text": "magma ocean and floated to the top; however, it is unlikely that Earth followed a similar pattern, as the Moon was a water-less system and Earth had water. The Martian meteorite ALH84001 might represent primary crust of Mars; however, again, this is debated. Like Earth, Venus lacks primary crust, as the entire planet has been repeatedly resurfaced and modified. Secondary crust is formed by partial melting of silicate materials in the mantle, and so is usually basaltic in composition. This is the most common type of crust in the Solar System. Most of the surfaces of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "540430", "text": "than 10% feldspathoid by volume, and where at least 65% of the rock is feldspar in the form of plagioclase. This is as per definition of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) classification scheme. It is the most common volcanic rock type on Earth, being a key component of oceanic crust as well as the principal volcanic rock in many mid-oceanic islands, including Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Réunion and the islands of Hawaiʻi. Basalt commonly features a very fine-grained or glassy matrix interspersed with visible mineral grains. The average density is 3.0 g/cm. Basalt is defined by its mineral", "title": "Basalt" }, { "id": "1293849", "text": "bulk of the continental crust is much older. The oldest continental crustal rocks on Earth have ages in the range from about 3.7 to 4.28 billion years and have been found in the Narryer Gneiss Terrane in Western Australia, in the Acasta Gneiss in the Northwest Territories on the Canadian Shield, and on other cratonic regions such as those on the Fennoscandian Shield. Some zircon with age as great as 4.3 billion years has been found in the Narryer Gneiss Terrane. The average age of the current Earth's continental crust has been estimated to be about 2.0 billion years. Most", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "1623638", "text": "form much of the continental crust. Over 700 types of igneous rocks have been described, most of them having formed beneath the surface of Earth's crust. These have diverse properties, depending on their composition and the temperature and pressure conditions in which they were formed. Sedimentary rocks are formed at the earth's surface by the accumulation and cementation of fragments of earlier rocks, minerals, and organisms or as chemical precipitates and organic growths in water (sedimentation). This process causes clastic sediments (pieces of rock) or organic particles (detritus) to settle and accumulate, or for minerals to chemically precipitate (evaporite) from", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "3747713", "text": "Oceanic crust Oceanic crust is the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of a tectonic plate. It is composed of the upper oceanic crust, with pillow lavas and a dike complex, and the lower oceanic crust, composed of troctolite, gabbro and ultramafic cumulates. The crust overlies the solidified and uppermost layer of the mantle. The crust and the solid mantle layer together constitute oceanic lithosphere. Oceanic crust is primarily composed of mafic rocks, or sima, which is rich in iron and magnesium. It is thinner than continental crust, or sial, generally less than 10 kilometers thick; however it is denser,", "title": "Oceanic crust" }, { "id": "5504889", "text": "These can coexist with biological soil crusts, but have different ecological impact due to their difference in formation and composition. Physical soil crusts often reduce water infiltration, can inhibit plant establishment, and when disrupted can be eroded rapidly. Soil crust Soil crusts are soil surface layers that are distinct from the rest of the bulk soil, often hardened with a platy surface. Depending on the manner of formation, soil crusts can be biological or physical. Biological soil crusts are formed by communities of microorganisms that live on the soil surface whereas physical crusts are formed by physical impact such as", "title": "Soil crust" }, { "id": "10692281", "text": "is basalt, a denser volcanic rock that is the primary constituent of the ocean floors. Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment that becomes compacted together. Nearly 75% of the continental surfaces are covered by sedimentary rocks, although they form only about 5% of the crust. The third form of rock material found on Earth is metamorphic rock, which is created from the transformation of pre-existing rock types through high pressures, high temperatures, or both. The most abundant silicate minerals on the Earth's surface include quartz, the feldspars, amphibole, mica, pyroxene, and olivine. Common carbonate minerals include calcite", "title": "Geology of solar terrestrial planets" }, { "id": "1293854", "text": "formed almost immediately after formation of the Moon. Magmatism continued after the period of intense meteorite impacts ended about 3.9 billion years ago, but igneous rocks younger than 3.9 billion years make up only a minor part of the crust. Crust (geology) In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a rocky planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. It is usually distinguished from the underlying mantle by its chemical makeup; however, in the case of icy satellites, it may be distinguished based on its phase (solid crust vs. liquid mantle). The crusts of Earth, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars,", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "13900772", "text": "as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses. Igneous and metamorphic rocks make up 90–95% of the top 16 km of the Earth's crust by volume. Igneous rocks form about 15% of the Earth's current land surface. Most of the Earth's oceanic crust is made of igneous rock. Igneous rocks are also geologically important because: In terms of modes of occurrence, igneous rocks can be either intrusive (plutonic and hypabyssal) or extrusive (volcanic). Intrusive igneous rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust", "title": "Igneous rock" }, { "id": "3172945", "text": "this reason the oldest rocks on Earth are within the cratons or cores of the continents, rather than in repeatedly recycled oceanic crust; the oldest intact crustal fragment is the Acasta Gneiss at 4.01 Ga, whereas the oldest oceanic crust (located on the Pacific Plate offshore of Kamchatka) is from the Jurassic (~180 Ma). Continental crust and the rock layers that lie on and within it are thus the best archive of Earth's history. The height of mountain ranges is usually related to the thickness of crust. This results from the isostasy associated with orogeny (mountain formation). The crust is", "title": "Continental crust" }, { "id": "3747716", "text": "crust with laboratory determinations of seismic velocities in known rock types, and samples recovered from the ocean floor by submersibles, dredging (especially from ridge crests and fracture zones) and drilling. Oceanic crust is significantly simpler than continental crust and generally can be divided in three layers. According to mineral physics experiments, at lower mantle pressures, oceanic crust becomes denser than the surrounding mantle. The most voluminous volcanic rocks of the ocean floor are the mid-oceanic ridge basalts, which are derived from low-potassium tholeiitic magmas. These rocks have low concentrations of large ion lithophile elements (LILE), light rare earth elements (LREE),", "title": "Oceanic crust" }, { "id": "111079", "text": "chlorine, sulfur, and fluorine are the important exceptions to this and their total amount in any rock is usually much less than 1%. Over 99% of the crust is composed of 11 oxides, principally silica, alumina, iron oxides, lime, magnesia, potash, and soda. Earth's interior, like that of the other terrestrial planets, is divided into layers by their chemical or physical (rheological) properties. The outer layer is a chemically distinct silicate solid crust, which is underlain by a highly viscous solid mantle. The crust is separated from the mantle by the Mohorovičić discontinuity. The thickness of the crust varies from", "title": "Earth" }, { "id": "1623633", "text": "Rock (geology) Rock or stone is a natural substance, a solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids. For example, granite, a common rock, is a combination of the minerals quartz, feldspar and biotite. The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock. Rock has been used by humankind throughout history. The minerals and metals in rocks have been essential to human civilization. Three major groups of rocks are defined: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. The scientific study of rocks is called petrology, which is an essential component of geology. Rocks are composed of grains of minerals, which", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "1293842", "text": "Mars comprise secondary crust, as do the lunar maria. On Earth, we see secondary crust forming primarily at mid-ocean spreading centers, where the adiabatic rise of mantle causes partial melting. Tertiary crust is more chemically-modified than either primary or secondary. It can form in several ways: The only known example of tertiary crust is the continental crust of the Earth. It is unknown whether other terrestrial planets can be said to have tertiary crust, though the evidence so far suggests that they do not. This is likely because plate tectonics is needed to create tertiary crust, and Earth is the", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "2108105", "text": "strictly metavolcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in the oceans. On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces. It has been estimated that volcanic rocks cover about 8% of the Earth's current land surface. Volcanic rocks are usually fine-grained or aphanitic to glass in texture. They often contain clasts of other rocks and phenocrysts. Phenocrysts are crystals that are larger than the matrix and are identifiable with the unaided eye. Rhomb porphyry is an example with large rhomb shaped phenocrysts embedded in a very fine", "title": "Volcanic rock" }, { "id": "1293844", "text": "the crust. The boundary between the crust and mantle is conventionally placed at the Mohorovičić discontinuity, a boundary defined by a contrast in seismic velocity. The crust of the Earth is of two distinctive types: Because both continental and oceanic crust are less dense than the mantle below, both types of crust \"float\" on the mantle. This is isostasy, and it's also one of the reasons continental crust is higher than oceanic: continental is less dense and so \"floats\" higher. As a result, water pools in above the oceanic crust, forming the oceans. The temperature of the crust increases with", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "7494672", "text": "rocks may have a fine, glassy groundmass, as may other types of basalt. Tholeiitic rocks are the most common igneous rocks on Earth, produced by submarine volcanism at mid-ocean ridges and make up much of the ocean crust. Tholeiitic basaltic magmas are initially generated as partial melts of peridotite (olivine and pyroxene) produced by decompression melting of the Earth's mantle. Tholeiitic basalts constituting the oceanic crust are termed MORBs: mid-ocean-ridge basalts. Throughout the process of igneous differentiation, the oceanic crust acts to reduce the magma, producing the tholeiitic trend. In contrast, alkali basalts are not typical of ocean ridges, but", "title": "Tholeiitic magma series" }, { "id": "1623639", "text": "a solution. The particulate matter then undergoes compaction and cementation at moderate temperatures and pressures (diagenesis). Before being deposited, sediments are formed by weathering of earlier rocks by erosion in a source area and then transported to the place of deposition by water, wind, ice, mass movement or glaciers (agents of denudation). Mud rocks comprise 65% (mudstone, shale and siltstone); sandstones 20 to 25% and carbonate rocks 10 to 15% (limestone and dolostone). About 7.9% of the crust by volume is composed of sedimentary rocks, with 82% of those being shales, while the remainder consists of limestone (6%), sandstone and", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "1293845", "text": "depth, reaching values typically in the range from about to at the boundary with the underlying mantle. The temperature increases by as much as for every kilometer locally in the upper part of the crust, but the geothermal gradient is smaller in deeper crust. The continental crust has an average composition similar to that of andesite. The most abundant minerals in Earth's continental crust are feldspars, which make up about 41% of the crust by weight, followed by quartz at 12%, and pyroxenes at 11%. Continental crust is enriched in incompatible elements compared to the basaltic ocean crust and much", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "1293839", "text": "types have different chemical compositions and physical properties, and were formed by different geological processes. Planetary geologists divide crust into three categories, based on how and when they formed. This is a planet's \"original\" crust. It forms from solidification of a magma ocean. Toward the end of planetary accretion, the terrestrial planets likely had surfaces that were magma oceans. As these cooled, they solidified into crust. This crust was likely destroyed by large impacts and re-formed many times as the Era of Heavy Bombardment drew to a close. The nature of primary crust is still debated: its chemical, mineralogic, and", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "549082", "text": "the foliation is called \"gneissosity\"), granoblastic (includes granulite, some marbles and quartzite), and hornfelsic (includes hornfels and skarn). Metamorphic rock Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means \"change in form\". The original rock (protolith) is subjected to heat (temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C) and pressure ( or more), causing profound physical or chemical change. The protolith may be a sedimentary, igneous, or existing metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks make up a large part of the Earth's crust and form 12% of the Earth's land surface. They are classified by", "title": "Metamorphic rock" }, { "id": "3172940", "text": "Continental crust Continental crust is the layer of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks that forms the continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves. This layer is sometimes called \"sial\" because its bulk composition is richer in silicates and aluminium minerals and has a lower density compared to the oceanic crust, called \"sima\" which is richer in magnesium silicate minerals and is denser. Changes in seismic wave velocities have shown that at a certain depth (the Conrad discontinuity), there is a reasonably sharp contrast between the more felsic upper continental crust and the", "title": "Continental crust" }, { "id": "1293853", "text": "rock added after the formation of the initial plagioclase-rich material. The best-characterized and most voluminous of these later additions are the mare basalts formed between about 3.9 and 3.2 billion years ago. Minor volcanism continued after 3.2 billion years, perhaps as recently as 1 billion years ago. There is no evidence of plate tectonics. Study of the Moon has established that a crust can form on a rocky planetary body significantly smaller than Earth. Although the radius of the Moon is only about a quarter that of Earth, the lunar crust has a significantly greater average thickness. This thick crust", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "1623634", "text": "are homogeneous solids formed from a chemical compound arranged in an orderly manner. The aggregate minerals forming the rock are held together by chemical bonds. The types and abundance of minerals in a rock are determined by the manner in which it was formed. Many rocks contain silica (SiO); a compound of silicon and oxygen that forms 74.3% of the Earth's crust. This material forms crystals with other compounds in the rock. The proportion of silica in rocks and minerals is a major factor in determining their names and properties. Rocks are classified according to characteristics such as mineral and", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "1293846", "text": "enriched compared to the underlying mantle. Although the continental crust comprises only about 0.6 weight percent of the silicate on Earth, it contains 20% to 70% of the incompatible elements. All the other constituents except water occur only in very small quantities and total less than 1%. Estimates of average density for the upper crust range between 2.69 and 2.74 g/cm and for lower crust between 3.0 and 3.25 g/cm. Earth formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago from a disk of dust and gas orbiting the newly formed Sun. It formed via accretion, where planetesimals and other smaller rocky bodies", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "4709119", "text": "Sial In geology, the term 'sial' refers to the composition of the upper layer of the Earth's crust, namely rocks rich in silicates and aluminium minerals. It is sometimes equated with the continental crust because it is absent in the wide oceanic basins, but \"sial\" is a geochemical term rather than a plate tectonic term. As these elements are less dense than the majority of the earth's elements, they tend to be concentrated in the upper layer of the crust. Geologists often refer to the rocks in this layer as felsic, because they contain high levels of feldspar, an aluminium", "title": "Sial" }, { "id": "19763750", "text": "in the acidic igneous rocks and a second group of accessory minerals which were formed by deposition from the residual mother liquors. Modern soil science offers the following definition: \"Primary Minerals: The thickness of the earth's crust varies from 10 km under the ocean to 30 km under the continents. Of the 88 naturally occurring elements on earth, only 8 make [up] most of the crust. The earth's crust and soils are dominated by the silicic acid in combination with Na, Al, K, Ca, Fe and O ions. ...Those elements are components of primary minerals, whereas primary minerals are components", "title": "Primary minerals" }, { "id": "3925633", "text": "are also sampled as xenoliths within basalts or kimberlites. Most estimates of the mantle composition are based on rocks that sample only the uppermost mantle. There is debate as to whether the rest of the mantle, especially the lower mantle, has the same bulk composition. The mantle's composition has changed through the Earth's history due to the extraction of magma that solidified to form oceanic crust and continental crust. In the mantle, temperatures range from approximately at the upper boundary with the crust to approximately at the core-mantle boundary. The geothermal gradient of the mantle increases rapidly in the thermal", "title": "Mantle (geology)" }, { "id": "549062", "text": "Metamorphic rock Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means \"change in form\". The original rock (protolith) is subjected to heat (temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C) and pressure ( or more), causing profound physical or chemical change. The protolith may be a sedimentary, igneous, or existing metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks make up a large part of the Earth's crust and form 12% of the Earth's land surface. They are classified by texture and by chemical and mineral assemblage (metamorphic facies). They may be formed simply by being deep beneath", "title": "Metamorphic rock" }, { "id": "18772896", "text": "of elements heavier than helium in the interstellar medium. When gravitational attraction causes this matter to coalesce and collapse new stars and planets are formed. The Earth's crust is made of approximately 5% of heavy metals by weight, with iron comprising 95% of this quantity. Light metals (~20%) and nonmetals (~75%) make up the other 95% of the crust. Despite their overall scarcity, heavy metals can become concentrated in economically extractable quantities as a result of mountain building, erosion, or other geological processes. Heavy metals are primarily found as lithophiles (rock-loving) or chalcophiles (ore-loving). Lithophile heavy metals are mainly f-block", "title": "Heavy metals" }, { "id": "1293852", "text": "ferromagnesian minerals such as the pyroxenes and olivine, but even that lower part probably averages about 78% plagioclase. The underlying mantle is denser and olivine-rich. The thickness of the crust ranges between about 20 and 120 km. Crust on the far side of the Moon averages about 12 km thicker than that on the near side. Estimates of average thickness fall in the range from about 50 to 60 km. Most of this plagioclase-rich crust formed shortly after formation of the moon, between about 4.5 and 4.3 billion years ago. Perhaps 10% or less of the crust consists of igneous", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "540450", "text": "to the origin of life. On Earth, most basalt magmas have formed by decompression melting of the mantle. Basalt commonly erupts on Io (the third largest moon of Jupiter), and has also formed on the Moon, Mars, Venus, and the asteroid Vesta. The crustal portions of oceanic tectonic plates are composed predominantly of basalt, produced from upwelling mantle below, the ocean ridges. Basalt is one of the most common rock types in the world. Basalt is the rock most typical of large igneous provinces. The largest occurrences of basalt are in the ocean floor that is almost completely made up", "title": "Basalt" }, { "id": "1293840", "text": "physical properties are unknown, as are the igneous mechanisms that formed them. This is because it is difficult to study: none of Earth's primary crust has survived to today. Earth's high rates of erosion and crustal recycling from plate tectonics has destroyed all rocks older than about 4 billion years, including whatever primary crust Earth once had. However, geologists can glean information about primary crust by studying it on other terrestrial planets. Mercury's highlands might represent primary crust, though this is debated. The anorthosite highlands of the Moon are primary crust, formed as plagioclase crystallized out of the Moon's initial", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "170629", "text": "Gabbro Gabbro () is a phaneritic (coarse-grained), mafic intrusive igneous rock formed from the slow cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich magma into a holocrystalline mass deep beneath the Earth's surface. Slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro is chemically equivalent to rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt. Much of the Earth's oceanic crust is made of gabbro, formed at mid-ocean ridges. Gabbro is also found as plutons associated with continental volcanism. Due to its variant nature, the term \"gabbro\" may be applied loosely to a wide range of intrusive rocks, many of which are merely \"gabbroic\". The term \"gabbro\" was used in the 1760s to name a", "title": "Gabbro" }, { "id": "548926", "text": "wind, ice, mass movement or glaciers, which are called agents of denudation. Biological detritus was formed by bodies and parts (mainly shells) of dead aquatic organisms, as well as their fecal mass, suspended in water and slowly piling up on the floor of water bodies (marine snow). Sedimentation may also occur as dissolved minerals precipitate from water solution. The sedimentary rock cover of the continents of the Earth's crust is extensive (73% of the Earth's current land surface), but the total contribution of sedimentary rocks is estimated to be only 8% of the total volume of the crust. Sedimentary rocks", "title": "Sedimentary rock" }, { "id": "5334974", "text": "also known as \"cryptogamic\", \"microbiotic\", \"microphytic\", or \"cryptobiotic\" soils. Biological soil crusts are most often composed of fungi, lichens, cyanobacteria, bryophytes, and algae in varying proportions. These organisms live in intimate association in the uppermost few millimeters of the soil surface, and are the biological basis for the formation of soil crusts. Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria are the main photosynthetic component of biological soil crusts, in addition to other photosynthetic taxa such as mosses, lichens, and green algae. The most common cyanobacteria found in soil crusts belong to large filamentous species such as those in the genus \"Microcoleus\". These species form bundled", "title": "Biological soil crust" }, { "id": "5334979", "text": "more rapidly in fine soil textured, moister environments (~2 years) and more slowly (>3800 years) in coarse soil textured, dry environments. Recovery times also depend on disturbance regime, site, and availability of propagules. Biological soil crusts are found on almost all soil types, but are more commonly found in arid regions of the world where plant cover is low and plants are more widely spaced. This is because crust organisms have a limited ability to grow upwards and cannot compete for light with vascular plants. Across the globe, biological soil crusts can be found on all continents including Antarctica. The", "title": "Biological soil crust" }, { "id": "13005913", "text": "Vesuvius between May 14 and June 4, 1737. Serao described \"a flow of fiery lava\" as an analogy to the flow of water and mud down the flanks of the volcano following heavy rain. The composition of almost all lava of the Earth's crust is dominated by silicate minerals, mostly feldspars, olivine, pyroxenes, amphiboles, micas and quartz. Igneous rocks, which form lava flows when erupted, can be classified into three chemical types: \"felsic\", \"intermediate\", and \"mafic\" (four if one includes the super-heated \"ultramafic\"). These classes are primarily chemical, however, the chemistry of lava also tends to correlate with the magma", "title": "Lava" }, { "id": "111088", "text": "Earth is metamorphic rock, which is created from the transformation of pre-existing rock types through high pressures, high temperatures, or both. The most abundant silicate minerals on Earth's surface include quartz, feldspars, amphibole, mica, pyroxene and olivine. Common carbonate minerals include calcite (found in limestone) and dolomite. The elevation of the land surface varies from the low point of at the Dead Sea, to a maximum altitude of at the top of Mount Everest. The mean height of land above sea level is about . The pedosphere is the outermost layer of Earth's continental surface and is composed of soil", "title": "Earth" }, { "id": "7962481", "text": "highly metamorphosed igneous rocks and shale, from basalt, mud and clay laid from volcanic eruptions, and the granite is the result of magma intrusions into the Vishnu schist. An extensive cross section of sedimentary rocks laid down on top of it through the ages is visible as well. The basement rocks of the continental crust tend to be much older than the oceanic crust. The oceanic crust can be from 0-250 million years in age, and is usually thinner (10 miles or so) and composed of basaltic rocks. Continental crust is older because continental crust is light and thick enough", "title": "Basement (geology)" }, { "id": "3073391", "text": "(Si) is the second most common element in the Earth's crust (oxygen is the most common). The compound silica, also known as silicon dioxide (SiO), is formed from silicon and oxygen atoms. Since oxygen and silicon make up about 75% of the Earth's crust, the compound silica is quite common. It is found in many rocks, such as granite, sandstone, gneiss and slate, and in some metallic ores. Silica can be a main component of sand. It can also be in soil, mortar, plaster, and shingles. The cutting, breaking, crushing, drilling, grinding, or abrasive blasting of these materials may produce", "title": "Silicosis" }, { "id": "482507", "text": "magnesite, and dolomite. Common calcium-containing minerals are chalk, limestone, gypsum, and anhydrite. Strontium is the fifteenth-most-abundant element in the Earth's crust. The principal minerals are celestite and strontianite. Barium is slightly less common, much of it in the mineral barite. Radium, being a decay product of uranium, is found in all uranium-bearing ores. Due to its relatively short half-life, radium from the Earth's early history has decayed, and present-day samples have all come from the much slower decay of uranium. Most beryllium is extracted from beryllium hydroxide. One production method is sintering, done by mixing beryl, sodium fluorosilicate, and soda", "title": "Alkaline earth metal" }, { "id": "1293847", "text": "collided and stuck, gradually growing into a planet. This process generated an enormous amount of heat, which caused early Earth to melt completely. As planetary accretion slowed, Earth began to cool, forming its first crust, called a primary or primordial crust. This crust was likely repeatedly destroyed by large impacts, then reformed from the magma ocean left by the impact. None of Earth's primary crust has survived to today; all was destroyed by erosion, impacts, and plate tectonics over the past several billion years. Since then, Earth has been forming secondary and tertiary crust. Secondary crust forms at mid-ocean spreading", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "1293843", "text": "only planet in our Solar System with plate tectonics. The crust is a thin shell on the outside of the Earth, accounting for less than 1% of Earth's volume. It is the top component of lithosphere: a division of Earth's layers that includes the crust and the upper part of the mantle. The lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates that move, allowing heat to escape from the interior of the Earth into space. The crust lies on top of the mantle, a configuration that is stable because the upper mantle is made of peridotite and so is significantly denser than", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "20909821", "text": "rock originates from the mantle or an existing rock. High δO values of zircons represent rock recycled at the Earth's surface and thus potentially producing mixed samples. The outcome of this combined analysis is valid zircons showing periods of increased crustal generation at at 1.9 and 3.3 Ga, the latter of which representing the time period following the commencement of global plate tectonics. Earth's crustal evolution Earth's crustal evolution involves the formation, destruction and renewal of the rocky outer shell at that planet's surface. The variation in composition within the Earth's crust is much greater than that of other terrestrial", "title": "Earth's crustal evolution" }, { "id": "12378234", "text": "boron to polonium, are metals. Mixtures of two or more elements in which the major component is a metal are known as alloys. People have been using metals for a variety of purposes since prehistoric times. The strength and reliability of metals has led to their widespread use in construction of buildings and other structures, as well as in most vehicles, many appliances and tools, pipes, road signs and railroad tracks. Iron and aluminium are the two most commonly used structural metals, and they are also the most abundant metals in the Earth's crust. Iron is most commonly used in", "title": "Solid" }, { "id": "1293851", "text": "\"Theia\" is thought to have collided with the forming Earth, and part of the material ejected into space by the collision accreted to form the Moon. As the Moon formed, the outer part of it is thought to have been molten, a “lunar magma ocean.” Plagioclase feldspar crystallized in large amounts from this magma ocean and floated toward the surface. The cumulate rocks form much of the crust. The upper part of the crust probably averages about 88% plagioclase (near the lower limit of 90% defined for anorthosite): the lower part of the crust may contain a higher percentage of", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "5345778", "text": "and seas existed then. Cratons consist primarily of two alternating types of terranes. The first are so-called greenstone belts, consisting of low-grade metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. These \"greenstones\" are similar to the sediments today found in oceanic trenches, above subduction zones. For this reason, greenstones are sometimes seen as evidence for subduction during the Archean. The second type is a complex of felsic magmatic rocks. These rocks are mostly tonalite, trondhjemite or granodiorite, types of rock similar in composition to granite (hence such terranes are called TTG-terranes). TTG-complexes are seen as the relicts of the first continental crust, formed by partial", "title": "History of Earth" }, { "id": "1293954", "text": "Lithosphere A lithosphere ( [\"lithos\"] for \"rocky\", and [\"sphaira\"] for \"sphere\") is the rigid, outermost shell of a terrestrial-type planet, or natural satellite, that is defined by its rigid mechanical properties. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of thousands of years or greater. The outermost shell of a rocky planet, the crust, is defined on the basis of its chemistry and mineralogy. The study of past and current formations of landscapes is called geomorphology. Earth's lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost mantle, which constitute", "title": "Lithosphere" }, { "id": "13900771", "text": "Igneous rock Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word \"ignis\" meaning fire), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface", "title": "Igneous rock" }, { "id": "540429", "text": "Basalt Basalt (, ) is a mafic extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich lava exposed at or very near the surface of a terrestrial planet or a moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Basalt lava has a low viscosity, due to its low silica content, resulting in rapid lava flows that can spread over great areas before cooling and solidification. Flood basalt describes the formation in a series of lava basalt flows. By definition, basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) igneous rock with generally 45–53% silica (SiO) and less", "title": "Basalt" }, { "id": "111085", "text": "oldest oceanic crust is located in the Western Pacific and is estimated to be old. By comparison, the oldest dated continental crust is . The seven major plates are the Pacific, North American, Eurasian, African, Antarctic, Indo-Australian, and South American. Other notable plates include the Arabian Plate, the Caribbean Plate, the Nazca Plate off the west coast of South America and the Scotia Plate in the southern Atlantic Ocean. The Australian Plate fused with the Indian Plate between . The fastest-moving plates are the oceanic plates, with the Cocos Plate advancing at a rate of and the Pacific Plate moving", "title": "Earth" }, { "id": "3172950", "text": "episodes of increased production through geologic time. Continental crust Continental crust is the layer of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks that forms the continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves. This layer is sometimes called \"sial\" because its bulk composition is richer in silicates and aluminium minerals and has a lower density compared to the oceanic crust, called \"sima\" which is richer in magnesium silicate minerals and is denser. Changes in seismic wave velocities have shown that at a certain depth (the Conrad discontinuity), there is a reasonably sharp contrast between the", "title": "Continental crust" }, { "id": "156151", "text": "majority of the geologic history of the Earth. There are three major types of rock: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. The rock cycle illustrates the relationships among them (see diagram). When a rock crystallizes from melt (magma or lava), it is an igneous rock. This rock can be weathered and eroded, then redeposited and lithified into a sedimentary rock. It can then be turned into a metamorphic rock by heat and pressure that change its mineral content, resulting in a characteristic fabric. All three types may melt again, and when this happens, new magma is formed, from which an igneous rock", "title": "Geology" }, { "id": "170636", "text": "be used as ornamental facing stones, paving stones and it is also known by the trade name of 'black granite', which is a popular type of graveyard headstone used in funerary rites. It is also used in kitchens and their countertops, also under the misnomer of 'black granite'. Gabbro Gabbro () is a phaneritic (coarse-grained), mafic intrusive igneous rock formed from the slow cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich magma into a holocrystalline mass deep beneath the Earth's surface. Slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro is chemically equivalent to rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt. Much of the Earth's oceanic crust is made of gabbro, formed at", "title": "Gabbro" }, { "id": "11130295", "text": "Supracrustal rock Supracrustal rocks (Supra (Latin for \"above\")) are rocks that were deposited on the existing basement rocks of the crust, hence the name. They may be further metamorphosed from both sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The oldest minerals on Earth are detrital zircon grains from the Yilgarn Craton in the Mesoarchaean (3.2–2.8 Ga) Jack Hills, Western Australia dated to up to 4.4 Ga, meaning that granitic continental crust and probably supracrustal rocks formed during the Hadean, within 200 million years of Earth accretion. Most Hadean rocks were probably recycled into the mantle before the end of the eon, however, and", "title": "Supracrustal rock" }, { "id": "252615", "text": "make up the rest of the crust. Despite the overall scarcity of some heavier metals such as copper, they can become concentrated in economically extractable quantities as a result of mountain building, erosion, or other geological processes. Metals are primarily found as lithophiles (rock-loving) or chalcophiles (ore-loving). Lithophile metals are mainly the s-block elements, the more reactive of the d-block elements. and the f-block elements. They have a strong affinity for oxygen and mostly exist as relatively low density silicate minerals. Chalcophile metals are mainly the less reactive d-block elements, and the period 4–6 p-block metals. They are usually found", "title": "Metal" }, { "id": "1293850", "text": "crustal rocks formed before 2.5 billion years ago are located in cratons. Such old continental crust and the underlying mantle asthenosphere are less dense than elsewhere in Earth and so are not readily destroyed by subduction. Formation of new continental crust is linked to periods of intense orogeny; these periods coincide with the formation of the supercontinents such as Rodinia, Pangaea and Gondwana. The crust forms in part by aggregation of island arcs including granite and metamorphic fold belts, and it is preserved in part by depletion of the underlying mantle to form buoyant lithospheric mantle. A theoretical protoplanet named", "title": "Crust (geology)" }, { "id": "20372823", "text": "Hadean zircon Hadean zircon is the oldest-surviving crustal material from the Earth's earliest geological time period, the Hadean eon, about 4 billion years ago. Zircon is a mineral that is commonly used for radiometric dating because it is highly resistant to chemical changes and appears in the form of small crystals or grains in most igneous and metamorphic host rocks. Hadean zircon has very low abundance around the globe because of recycling of material by plate tectonics. When the rock at the surface is buried deep in the Earth it is heated and can recrystallise or melt. In the Jack", "title": "Hadean zircon" }, { "id": "5504888", "text": "plant community, microhabitats, and disturbance regimes. Biological soil crusts perform important ecological roles including carbon fixation, nitrogen fixation, soil stabilization, alter soil albedo and water relations, and affect germination and nutrient levels in vascular plants. They can be damaged by fire, recreational activity, grazing, and other disturbance and can require long time periods to recover composition and function. Biological soil crusts are also known as cryptogamic, microbiotic, microphytic, or cryptobiotic soils. Physical (as opposed to biological) soil crusts results from raindrop or trampling impacts. They are often hardened relative to uncrusted soil due to the accumulation of salts and silica.", "title": "Soil crust" }, { "id": "511387", "text": "as an acid, forming silicates, and all the commonest minerals of igneous rocks are of this nature. From a computation based on 1672 analyses of numerous kinds of rocks Clarke arrived at the following as the average percentage composition of the Earth's crust: SiO=59.71, AlO=15.41, FeO=2.63, FeO=3.52, MgO=4.36, CaO=4.90, NaO=3.55, KO=2.80, HO=1.52, TiO=0.60, PO=0.22, (total 99.22%). All the other constituents occur only in very small quantities, usually much less than 1%. These oxides combine in a haphazard way. For example, potash (potassium carbonate) and soda (sodium carbonate) combine to produce feldspars. In some cases they may take other forms, such", "title": "Geochemistry" }, { "id": "4124048", "text": "Silicate minerals Silicate minerals are rock-forming minerals with predominantly silicate anions. They are the largest and most important class of rock-forming minerals and make up approximately 90 percent of the Earth's crust. In mineralogy, silica, or silicon dioxide SiO, which corresponds to \"x\"=2 in the general formula, is usually considered a silicate mineral—even though its silicate \"anion\" has no negative charge and it has no cations. Silica is found in nature as the mineral quartz, and its polymorphs. On Earth, a wide variety of silicate minerals occur in an even wider range of combinations as a result of the processes", "title": "Silicate minerals" }, { "id": "252617", "text": "rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum), germanium, and tin—can be counted as siderophiles but only in terms of their primary occurrence in the Earth (core, mantle and crust), rather the crust. These metals otherwise occur in the crust, in small quantities, chiefly as chalcophiles (less so in their native form). The rotating fluid outer core of the Earth's interior, which is composed mostly of iron, is thought to be the source of Earth's protective magnetic field. The core lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its mantle. If it could be rearranged into a column having a 5m footprint", "title": "Metal" }, { "id": "1623641", "text": "formed. This process is called metamorphism, meaning to \"change in form\". The result is a profound change in physical properties and chemistry of the stone. The original rock, known as the protolith, transforms into other mineral types or other forms of the same minerals, by recrystallization. The temperatures and pressures required for this process are always higher than those found at the Earth's surface: temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C and pressures of 1500 bars. Metamorphic rocks compose 27.4% of the crust by volume. The three major classes of metamorphic rock are based upon the formation mechanism. An intrusion", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "5334973", "text": "Biological soil crust Biological soil crusts are communities of living organisms on the soil surface in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. They are found throughout the world with varying species composition and cover depending on topography, soil characteristics, climate, plant community, microhabitats, and disturbance regimes. Biological soil crusts perform important ecological roles including carbon fixation, nitrogen fixation, soil stabilization, alter soil albedo and water relations, and affect germination and nutrient levels in vascular plants. They can be damaged by fire, recreational activity, grazing, and other disturbance and can require long time periods to recover composition and function. Biological soil crusts are", "title": "Biological soil crust" }, { "id": "511386", "text": "may be significant errors in its prediction of volatile abundances because some volatiles are only partially condensed. The more common rock constituents are nearly all oxides; chlorides, sulfides and fluorides are the only important exceptions to this and their total amount in any rock is usually much less than 1%. F. W. Clarke has calculated that a little more than 47% of the Earth's crust consists of oxygen. It occurs principally in combination as oxides, of which the chief are silica, alumina, iron oxides, and various carbonates (calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate). The silica functions principally", "title": "Geochemistry" }, { "id": "1623646", "text": "nature of mining processes creates a potential negative impact on the environment both during the mining operations and for years after the mine has closed. This impact has led to most of the world's nations adopting regulations to manage negative effects of mining operations. Rock (geology) Rock or stone is a natural substance, a solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids. For example, granite, a common rock, is a combination of the minerals quartz, feldspar and biotite. The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock. Rock has been used by humankind throughout history. The minerals", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "13900774", "text": "ranges consist of intrusive igneous rocks, usually granite. When exposed by erosion, these cores (called \"batholiths\") may occupy huge areas of the Earth's surface. Intrusive igneous rocks that form at depth within the crust are termed plutonic (or \"abyssal\") rocks and are usually coarse-grained. Intrusive igneous rocks that form near the surface are termed \"subvolcanic\" or \"hypabyssal\" rocks and they are usually medium-grained. Hypabyssal rocks are less common than plutonic or volcanic rocks and often form dikes, sills, laccoliths, lopoliths, or phacoliths. Extrusive igneous rocks, also known as volcanic rocks, are formed at the crust's surface as a result of", "title": "Igneous rock" }, { "id": "730048", "text": "from the disintegration of radioactive elements. Although a few mineral grains are known to be Hadean, the oldest rock formations exposed on the surface of the Earth are Archean. Archean rocks are found in Greenland, Siberia, the Canadian Shield, Montana and Wyoming (exposed parts of the Wyoming Craton), the Baltic Shield, Scotland, India, Brazil, western Australia, and southern Africa. Granitic rocks predominate throughout the crystalline remnants of the surviving Archean crust. Examples include great melt sheets and voluminous plutonic masses of granite, diorite, layered intrusions, anorthosites and monzonites known as sanukitoids. Archean Eon rocks are often heavily metamorphized deep-water sediments,", "title": "Archean" }, { "id": "3925628", "text": "Mantle (geology) The mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust. Mantles are made of rock or ices, and are generally the largest and most massive layer of the planetary body. Mantles are characteristic of planetary bodies that have undergone differentiation by density. All terrestrial planets (including Earth), a number of asteroids, and some planetary moons have mantles. The Earth's mantle is a layer of silicate rock between the crust and the outer core. Its mass of 4.01 × 10 kg is 67% the mass of the Earth. It has", "title": "Mantle (geology)" }, { "id": "252896", "text": "battery and the alkaline battery normally use industrially produced manganese dioxide because naturally occurring manganese dioxide contains impurities. In the 20th century, manganese dioxide was widely used as the cathodic for commercial disposable dry batteries of both the standard (zinc-carbon) and alkaline types. Manganese comprises about 1000 ppm (0.1%) of the Earth's crust, the 12th most abundant of the crust's elements. Soil contains 7–9000 ppm of manganese with an average of 440 ppm. Seawater has only 10 ppm manganese and the atmosphere contains 0.01 µg/m. Manganese occurs principally as pyrolusite (MnO), braunite, (MnMn)(SiO), psilomelane (Ba,HO)MnO, and to a lesser extent", "title": "Manganese" }, { "id": "34580", "text": "Fermi 'waterdrop' model of the nucleus. The Sun has a concentration of 0.1 parts per billion (ppb) of beryllium. Beryllium has a concentration of 2 to 6 parts per million (ppm) in the Earth's crust. It is most concentrated in the soils, 6 ppm. Trace amounts of Be are found in the Earth's atmosphere. The concentration of beryllium in sea water is 0.2–0.6 parts per trillion. In stream water, however, beryllium is more abundant with a concentration of 0.1 ppb. Beryllium is found in over 100 minerals, but most are uncommon to rare. The more common beryllium containing minerals include:", "title": "Beryllium" }, { "id": "511390", "text": "minerals, such as augite, hornblende, enstatite or biotite, occur rather than olivine. Unless potash is high and silica relatively low, leucite will not be present, for leucite does not occur with free quartz. Nepheline, likewise, is usually found in rocks with much soda and comparatively little silica. With high alkalis, soda-bearing pyroxenes and amphiboles may be present. The lower the percentage of silica and alkali's, the greater is the prevalence of plagioclase feldspar as contracted with soda or potash feldspar. Earth's crust is composed of 90% silicate minerals and their abundance in the Earth is as follows: plagioclase feldspar (39%),", "title": "Geochemistry" }, { "id": "7658904", "text": "Sima (geology) In geology, sima is the name for the lower layer of the Earth's crust. This layer is made of rocks rich in magnesium silicate minerals. Typically when the sima comes to the surface it is basalt, so sometimes this layer is called the 'basalt layer' of the crust. The sima layer is also called the 'basal crust' or 'basal layer' because it is the lowest layer of the crust. Because the ocean floors are mainly sima, it is also sometimes called the 'oceanic crust'. The name 'sima' was taken from the first two letters of silica and of", "title": "Sima (geology)" }, { "id": "19763751", "text": "of parent rocks. There are almost 3000 known minerals, but only 20 are common and just 10 minerals make up 90 % of the earth's crust. Primary minerals are defined as minerals found in soil but not formed in soil. This definition is different from that of secondary minerals, which are defined as minerals formed in soils.\" This is further defined by Dr. Broome of North Carolina State: Two types of minerals are found in natural systems: primary and secondary. Primary rocks are the source of primary minerals and primary water. Primary minerals A primary mineral is any mineral formed", "title": "Primary minerals" }, { "id": "4463727", "text": "obducted onto the continental crust and preserved as ophiolite sequences. Many rocks now making up Earth's crust formed less than 100 million (1) years ago; however, the oldest known mineral grains are about 4.4 billion (4.4) years old, indicating that Earth has had a solid crust for at least 4.4 billion years. Earth's mantle extends to a depth of 2,890 km, making it the thickest layer of Earth. The mantle is divided into upper and lower mantle. The upper and lower mantle are separated by the transition zone. The lowest part of the mantle next to the core-mantle boundary is", "title": "Structure of the Earth" }, { "id": "3925629", "text": "a thickness of making up about 84% of Earth's volume. It is predominantly solid but in geological time it behaves as a viscous fluid. Partial melting of the mantle at mid-ocean ridges produces oceanic crust, and partial melting of the mantle at subduction zones produces continental crust. The Earth's mantle is divided into two major rheological layers: the rigid lithosphere comprising the uppermost mantle, and the less viscous asthenosphere, separated by the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. Lithosphere underlying ocean crust has a thickness of around 100 km, whereas lithosphere underlying continental crust generally has a thickness of 150-200 km. The lithosphere and", "title": "Mantle (geology)" }, { "id": "253019", "text": "stacking groups of three layers (\"abcabcabc\"). Analogues to linked silica tetrahedra include SO (sulfate), PO (phosphate), AsO (arsenate), and VO (vanadate). The non-silicates have great economic importance, as they concentrate elements more than the silicate minerals do. The largest grouping of minerals by far are the silicates; most rocks are composed of greater than 95% silicate minerals, and over 90% of the Earth's crust is composed of these minerals. The two main constituents of silicates are silicon and oxygen, which are the two most abundant elements in the Earth's crust. Other common elements in silicate minerals correspond to other common", "title": "Mineral" }, { "id": "175482", "text": "areas are China, United States, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka, and Australia with reserves of holmium estimated as 400,000 tonnes. Holmium makes up 1.4 parts per million of the Earth's crust by mass. This makes it the 56th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Holmium makes up 1 part per million of the soils, 400 parts per quadrillion of seawater, and almost none of Earth's atmosphere. Holmium is rare for a lanthanide. It makes up 500 parts per trillion of the universe by mass. It is commercially extracted by ion exchange from monazite sand (0.05% holmium), but is still difficult", "title": "Holmium" }, { "id": "482506", "text": "earth's crust at a concentration of two to six parts per million (ppm), much of which is in soils, where it has a concentration of six ppm. Beryllium is one of the rarest elements in seawater, even rarer than elements such as scandium, with a concentration of 0.2 parts per trillion. However, in freshwater, beryllium is somewhat more common, with a concentration of 0.1 parts per billion. Magnesium and calcium are very common in the earth's crust, being respectively the fifth- eighth-most-abundant elements. None of the alkaline earth metals are found in their elemental state. Common magnesium--containing minerals are carnallite,", "title": "Alkaline earth metal" }, { "id": "253024", "text": "Earth's crust, quartz (SiO) is the most abundant mineral species. It is characterized by its high chemical and physical resistivity. Quartz has several polymorphs, including tridymite and cristobalite at high temperatures, high-pressure coesite, and ultra-high pressure stishovite. The latter mineral can only be formed on Earth by meteorite impacts, and its structure has been composed so much that it had changed from a silicate structure to that of rutile (TiO). The silica polymorph that is most stable at the Earth's surface is α-quartz. Its counterpart, β-quartz, is present only at high temperatures and pressures (changes to α-quartz below 573 °C", "title": "Mineral" }, { "id": "540457", "text": "barrier to the re-release of CO into the atmosphere. Basalt Basalt (, ) is a mafic extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich lava exposed at or very near the surface of a terrestrial planet or a moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Basalt lava has a low viscosity, due to its low silica content, resulting in rapid lava flows that can spread over great areas before cooling and solidification. Flood basalt describes the formation in a series of lava basalt flows. By definition, basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained)", "title": "Basalt" }, { "id": "5375625", "text": "primarily of anorthosite, a rock composed primarily of calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar. Another significant component of the crust are the igneous \"Mg-suite\" rocks, such as the troctolites, norites, and KREEP-basalts. These rocks are believed to be genetically related to the petrogenesis of KREEP. Composite rocks on the lunar surface often appear in the form of breccias. Of these, the subcategories are called fragmental, granulitic, and impact-melt breccias, depending on how they were formed. The mafic impact melt breccias, which are typified by the \"low-K Fra Mauro\" composition, have a higher proportion of iron and magnesium than typical upper crust anorthositic rocks,", "title": "Geology of the Moon" }, { "id": "13900775", "text": "the partial melting of rocks within the mantle and crust. Extrusive igneous rocks cool and solidify quicker than intrusive igneous rocks. They are formed by the cooling of molten magma on the earth's surface. The magma, which is brought to the surface through fissures or volcanic eruptions, solidifies at a faster rate. Hence such rocks are smooth, crystalline and fine-grained. Basalt is a common extrusive igneous rock and forms lava flows, lava sheets and lava plateaus. Some kinds of basalt solidify to form long polygonal columns. The Giant's Causeway in Antrim, Northern Ireland is an example. The molten rock, with", "title": "Igneous rock" }, { "id": "20909814", "text": "is the most differentiated type of crust and so has a composition vastly different to that of the bulk Earth. The tertiary crust contains over 20% of the abundance of incompatible elements, which are elements with a size or charge that prevent them from being included in mineral structure. This a result of its generation from the subduction and partial melting of secondary crust where it undergoes further fractional crystallisation. Two stages of evolution produce an increased proportion of incompatible elements. The formation and development of plumes in the early mantle contributed to triggering the lateral movement of crust across", "title": "Earth's crustal evolution" }, { "id": "5334980", "text": "species composition and physical appearance of biological soil crusts vary depending on the climate, soil, and disturbance conditions. For example, biological soil crusts are more dominated by green algae on more acidic and less salty soils, whereas cyanobacteria are more favored on alkaline and haline soils. Within a climate zone, the abundance of lichens and mosses in biological soil crusts generally increases with increasing clay and silt content and decreasing sand. Also, habitats that are more moist generally support more lichens and mosses. The morphology of biological soil crust surfaces can range from smooth and a few millimeters in thickness", "title": "Biological soil crust" }, { "id": "69035", "text": "element (by mass) making up Earth, while oxygen is the most common element in the Earth's crust. Chemical elements constitute all of the ordinary matter of the universe. However astronomical observations suggest that ordinary observable matter makes up only about 15% of the matter in the universe: the remainder is dark matter; the composition of this is unknown, but it is not composed of chemical elements. The two lightest elements, hydrogen and helium, were mostly formed in the Big Bang and are the most common elements in the universe. The next three elements (lithium, beryllium and boron) were formed mostly", "title": "Chemical element" }, { "id": "1623636", "text": "kind of rock may thus be traced gradually merging into those of another. Hence the definitions adopted in rock names simply correspond to selected points in a continuously graduated series. Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word \"igneus,\" meaning \"of fire,\" from \"ignis\" meaning \"fire)\" is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. This magma may be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting of rocks is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in", "title": "Rock (geology)" }, { "id": "193602", "text": "most abundant element on Earth, but only the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, after oxygen, silicon, and aluminium. Most of the iron in the crust is found combined with oxygen as iron oxide minerals such as hematite (FeO), magnetite (FeO), and siderite (FeCO). Many igneous rocks also contain the sulfide minerals pyrrhotite and pentlandite. Ferropericlase (Mg,Fe)O, a solid solution of periclase (MgO) and wüstite (FeO), makes up about 20% of the volume of the lower mantle of the Earth, which makes it the second most abundant mineral phase in that region after silicate perovskite (Mg,Fe)SiO; it also", "title": "Iron" }, { "id": "4463722", "text": "Structure of the Earth The internal structure of the Earth is layered in spherical shells: an outer silicate solid crust, a highly viscous asthenosphere and mantle, a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding of the internal structure of the Earth is based on observations of topography and bathymetry, observations of rock in outcrop, samples brought to the surface from greater depths by volcanoes or volcanic activity, analysis of the seismic waves that pass through the Earth, measurements of the gravitational and magnetic fields of the Earth, and experiments", "title": "Structure of the Earth" }, { "id": "18625879", "text": "atmospheric agents, such as rain, rivers, winds and gas releases from the Earth's crust. There are three type of Stones (rocks) indicative of the physical characteristics from its formative process. These three categories are: igneous or volcanic rocks (basalt, granite, etc.), sedimentary or deposit rocks (limestone, sandstone, arenite, etc.), and metamorphic rocks (marble, slate, gypsum, etc.). Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and/or solidification of magma and the formation of a dense network of crystals—below the Earth's surface as intrusive rock or on the surface as effusive rock. Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition of the remains of", "title": "Conservation and restoration of shipwreck artifacts" }, { "id": "5375624", "text": "the Moon. Lunar rocks are in large part made of the same common rock forming minerals as found on Earth, such as olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase feldspar (anorthosite). Plagioclase feldspar is mostly found in the lunar crust, whereas pyroxene and olivine are typically seen in the lunar mantle. The mineral ilmenite is highly abundant in some mare basalts, and a new mineral named armalcolite (named for \"Arm\"strong, \"Al\"drin, and \"Col\"lins, the three members of the Apollo 11 crew) was first discovered in the lunar samples. The maria are composed predominantly of basalt, whereas the highland regions are iron-poor and composed", "title": "Geology of the Moon" } ]	the most common type of rock in earth's crust is
[ "2006" ]	[ { "id": "7211258", "text": "three games continued for the Padres in Game 4. The team failed to score after the first, and went a combined 2-for-32 with runners in scoring position in the Series. It was the final Division Series game televised by Fox, at least for the foreseeable future. This is also, as of 2017, the last playoff game for the Padres. 2006 NLDS (3–1): St. Louis Cardinals over San Diego Padres 2006 National League Division Series The 2006 National League Division Series (NLDS), the opening round of the 2006 National League playoffs, began on Tuesday, October 3, and ended on Sunday, October", "title": "2006 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "19766012", "text": "2017 San Diego Padres season The 2017 San Diego Padres season was the 49th season of the San Diego Padres franchise in Major League Baseball and the Padres' 14th season at Petco Park. The Padres began the season on April 3 at the Los Angeles Dodgers. They ended the season on October 1 at the San Francisco Giants. They finished the season 71–91 to finish in fourth place in the National League West Division, 33 games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers. They missed the playoffs for the 11th straight year. \"Both tables are sortable.\" \"\"<br> \"Players in bold are on", "title": "2017 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "7211240", "text": "Trevor Hoffman overtake Lee Smith as the all-time saves leader. This season also marked the first time in Padres history that the team went to the playoffs in consecutive years. The Padres did not clinch a playoff spot until the final weekend of the regular season and finished with an identical record to the Los Angeles Dodgers, but were awarded the Western Division title due to the Padres winning the season series against the Dodgers 13–5. The Los Angeles Dodgers' run to the playoffs was most notable for their streaky play in the second half of the season. The Dodgers", "title": "2006 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "13946413", "text": "2010 San Diego Padres season The 2010 San Diego Padres season was the 42nd season in franchise history. On August 25, the Padres had a 6.5-game lead over the second-place San Francisco Giants, but ended up missing the playoffs as the Giants passed them in September. As of 2017, this was the last winning season for the Padres. Many preseason predictions picked the Padres to finish the season in last place in the NL West. On April 12, 2010, (Padres home opener) the Padres scored 17 runs against the Atlanta Braves as they went on to win 17–2. (Including a", "title": "2010 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "11070586", "text": "2006 San Diego Padres season The 2006 San Diego Padres season was the 38th season in franchise history. The Padres captured their second consecutive National League West crown, with a record of 88–74, and for the first time in franchise history back-to-back postseason appearances, and three consecutive winning seasons. Although the Padres final record equaled that of the Los Angeles Dodgers, the Padres record of 13-5 against the Dodgers awarded them the official division title. The 2006 season also marked the end of Bruce Bochy's tenure as manager of the team, after 24 seasons overall, 12 seasons as manager (1995–2006),", "title": "2006 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863412", "text": "as of May 31. Early in the season, the Padres acquired Tony Gwynn, Jr., son of franchise great Tony Gwynn, from the Milwaukee Brewers. San Diego finished 75–87, fourth in the NL West, only ahead of the Arizona Diamondbacks. Many preseason predictions picked the Padres in 2010 to finish the season in last place in the NL West. On August 25, however, the Padres were 76–49 and in first place with a game lead. A 10–game losing streak immediately followed. With a 3–0 loss on October 3, the final game of the season, the Padres were officially eliminated from playoff", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "12863389", "text": "a long and loud chorus of boos by the Diamondbacks fans who packed Chase Field to bid farewell to Luis Gonzalez. Only 53 teams in the modern era have posted sub-.500 records in April and survived to make the postseason. The San Diego Padres achieved the feat in both 2005 and 2006. The Padres opened the 2006 National League Division Series at home against the St. Louis Cardinals on Tuesday, October 3, 2006. After losing the first two games at home (5–1 and 2–0 respectively), they won game 3 at Busch Stadium 3–1, but were eliminated with a 6–2 loss", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "7211255", "text": "fly. The Cardinals scored their only run in the eighth on So Taguchi's home run off of reliever Scott Linebrink. , this was the last postseason win for the Padres. This was also, as of 2017, was the last playoff game to be televised by the ESPN family of networks. Busch Stadium (III) in St. Louis, Missouri After losing Game 3, Cardinals manager Tony La Russa decided to use Carpenter to start Game 4 in hopes of closing out the Series at home. Carpenter started off shakily, allowing back-to-back one hit singles to Brian Giles and Adrian Gonzalez and walking", "title": "2006 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "20369648", "text": "to the Tampa Bay Rays for minor leaguer Deion Tansel. On February 19, 2018, the Padres signed free agent 1B Eric Hosmer to an 8-year, $144 million contract. This is the largest contract in franchise history. \"Updated as of September 24, 2016\" 2018 San Diego Padres season The 2018 San Diego Padres season was 50th season of the San Diego Padres franchise. The Padres played their home games at Petco Park as members of the Major League Baseball's National League West Division. On December 12, 2017, the first day of the MLB Winter Meetings, the Padres traded Jabari Blash to", "title": "2018 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "9624162", "text": "2007 San Diego Padres season The 2007 San Diego Padres season was the 39th season in franchise history. It began with the Padres' attempt to win a third consecutive NL West title. After finishing the regular season with 89 wins and 73 losses, they were in a tie with the Colorado Rockies for both the NL wild card and second place in the NL West, they were defeated in a tie-breaker which placed them third overall in the division and out of playoff competition. The Padres ended tied with the Colorado Rockies for both second place in the NL West", "title": "2007 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "13946420", "text": "Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; SV = Saves; IP = Innings pitched; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts\" 2010 San Diego Padres season The 2010 San Diego Padres season was the 42nd season in franchise history. On August 25, the Padres had a 6.5-game lead over the second-place San Francisco Giants, but ended up missing the playoffs as the Giants passed them in September. As of 2017, this was the last winning season for the Padres. Many preseason predictions picked the Padres to finish", "title": "2010 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863387", "text": "Padres defeated the Diamondbacks 7–6 to win back to back division titles for the first time in team history (they were tied with the Dodgers for the division title, but because of winning the season series against them, the division title went to them and the wild card went to the Dodgers). The final out of the final game of the 2006 regular season — confirming the Padres as Division champions — was a highly unusual play. With Trevor Hoffman pitching the 9th, 2 out, Diamondback Chris Young was on first. Alberto Callaspo hit a grounder past first. Second baseman", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "12863396", "text": "towards Winters. While restrained by Black, Bradley fell to the ground resulting in the injury. He missed the last week of the regular season in 2007, during which the Padres relinquished their wild card lead, ultimately losing to the eventual N.L. Champion Colorado Rockies in a one-game playoff. The Padres ended the regular season in an 89–73 tie for the NL wild card with the Colorado Rockies. In a cruel piece of irony, on September 29, 2007, the Padres were within one out and one strike of clinching the National League Wild Card berth, but Tony Gwynn, Jr., son of", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "19766014", "text": "ER = Earned runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts\" \"Updated as of September 24, 2016\" 2017 San Diego Padres season The 2017 San Diego Padres season was the 49th season of the San Diego Padres franchise in Major League Baseball and the Padres' 14th season at Petco Park. The Padres began the season on April 3 at the Los Angeles Dodgers. They ended the season on October 1 at the San Francisco Giants. They finished the season 71–91 to finish in fourth place in the National League West Division, 33 games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers. They", "title": "2017 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863384", "text": "with the Padres. There had been some speculation that the Padres would be the first team in history to win a division and finish below .500, but their victory over the Los Angeles Dodgers on September 30 gave them their 81st victory. In the 2005 NLDS, the reigning National League champion St. Louis Cardinals, who finished the season with the majors' best record, swept the Padres in three consecutive games. Thus the Padres finished the season with an overall regular-and-post-season record of 82–83, the first post-season qualifier in a normal-length season to lose more games than it won overall. The", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "12863407", "text": "in the go-ahead run late in the game. According to media reports, Gonzalez was asked during an All-Star game media session what it would take for the Padres to make the playoffs. He said 30 wins. When the interviewer asked if he thought that was possible, Gonzalez glared at the interviewer and did not answer the question. On July 17, the Padres traded former San Diego State player Tony Clark to the Diamondbacks for minor league pitcher Evan Scribner. Following the All-Star break, the Padres continued to struggle, getting swept in a four-game series in St. Louis and losing two", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "17005395", "text": "yards. It was the last playoff game for the Chargers before moving to Los Angeles in 2017. With the MLB Padres having not reached the postseason since 2006, this is also the last postseason appearance by any major league sports franchise in San Diego. For the first time since 2006, the Patriots played on the road in the playoffs, which was also the last time they faced Peyton Manning when he was with the Colts. But the story was all about Denver as their offense racked up 507 yards without turning the ball over or giving up any sacks as", "title": "2013–14 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "4170002", "text": "Rangers). Bruce Bochy is the only Padres player or manager to be on every Padres playoff team. Bruce Bochy however would go on to win three World Series titles as manager of the San Francisco Giants in 2010, 2012 and 2014. As of 2017, this remains as the most recent championship game or series a professional San Diego sports team has participated in. The Padres' loss was also significant as it also assured that the city of San Diego's sporting championship drought since 1963 would continue, which has become the longest streak of such futility for a city with at", "title": "1998 World Series" }, { "id": "11070668", "text": "\"Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts\" 1969 Major League Baseball All-Star Game 1969 San Diego Padres season The 1969 San Diego Padres season was the inaugural season in franchise history. They joined the National League along with the Montreal Expos via the 1969 Major League Baseball expansion. In their inaugural season, the Padres went 52–110 (the same record as their expansion counterpart), finishing last in the National League's newly created Western Division, 41 games behind the division champion Atlanta Braves. The 1968 MLB expansion", "title": "1969 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "11070665", "text": "1969 San Diego Padres season The 1969 San Diego Padres season was the inaugural season in franchise history. They joined the National League along with the Montreal Expos via the 1969 Major League Baseball expansion. In their inaugural season, the Padres went 52–110 (the same record as their expansion counterpart), finishing last in the National League's newly created Western Division, 41 games behind the division champion Atlanta Braves. The 1968 MLB expansion draft was held on October 14, 1968. Below is a list of players drafted by the Padres. \"Pick\" refers to the overall draft position of a pick. The", "title": "1969 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "9624163", "text": "as well as the National League Wild Card. A tie-breaker was played on October 1, 2007 in Denver to determine which team would continue on to post-season play. The game lasted 13 innings through four hours and 40 minutes. The Rockies won the Wild Card spot with a final score of 9 to 8, and the Padres' season was over. September 4, 2007: Pete Laforest was selected off waivers by the Philadelphia Phillies from the San Diego Padres. 2007 San Diego Padres season The 2007 San Diego Padres season was the 39th season in franchise history. It began with the", "title": "2007 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "11070584", "text": "playoffs, such as the Phillies, who won 88 games and all swept the season series with the Padres. There had been some speculation that the Padres would be the first team in MLB history to win a division and finish below .500, but their victory over the Los Angeles Dodgers on September 30 gave them their 81st victory, guaranteeing a split record. They would be swept by the St. Louis Cardinals in the 2005 NLDS. Played at Coors Field on April 4, 2005. The Colorado Rockies defeated the Padres 12-10. \"Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB =", "title": "2005 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "19067260", "text": "2016 San Diego Padres season The 2016 San Diego Padres season was their 48th season in MLB, and their 12th at Petco Park. They spent a good majority of the season going back-and-forth in the bottom of the NL West standings with the Arizona Diamondbacks. The Padres finished the season tied with the Cincinnati Reds for the worst record in the National League at 68–94. Highest Home Attendance: 4/4 vs. LAD (44,317) Lowest Home Attendance: 5/2 vs. COL (19,013) \"Both tables are sortable.\" \"(Final Stats)\" \"Updated as of September 3, 2016.\" \"Players in bold are on the active roster.\" \"Note:", "title": "2016 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "4597336", "text": "years, displaced only by virtue of San Diego's admission to the major leagues. In 1954, managed by former major league player Lefty O'Doul, the Padres finished first in the PCL for the first time in their history, but were eliminated in the postseason playoffs. After the 1957 season, the Padres were sold to C. Arnholdt Smith, who moved the team from ancient Lane Field to Westgate Park, an 8,200-seat facility located in what is now the Fashion Valley Mall of Mission Valley. In 1960, Smith brought in Eddie Leishman as general manager and club president. Leishman, who had helped to", "title": "San Diego Padres (PCL)" }, { "id": "20369647", "text": "2018 San Diego Padres season The 2018 San Diego Padres season was 50th season of the San Diego Padres franchise. The Padres played their home games at Petco Park as members of the Major League Baseball's National League West Division. On December 12, 2017, the first day of the MLB Winter Meetings, the Padres traded Jabari Blash to the New York Yankees for Chase Headley and Bryan Mitchell. This will be Headley's second stint with the Padres, having played with them to start his career. To make room in the 40-man roster for both players, the Padres traded Ryan Schimpf", "title": "2018 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "17155012", "text": "the four 1969 expansion teams. The franchise fielded competitive teams in the 1970s and 1980s and won the 1985 World Series. After a 29-year postseason drought, the Royals returned to postseason play in the 2014 season, before winning their second World Series title in . The San Diego Padres had nine consecutive losing seasons, and have since made the playoffs five times. The Padres twice made the World Series in and , but lost both appearances. The Montreal Expos had good attendance for the 1969 season, and after having losing records for ten years, were competitive in the 1980s and", "title": "1969 Major League Baseball expansion" }, { "id": "12863386", "text": "he recorded his 479th career save, breaking Lee Smith's record of 478 (Hoffman's career total as of the end of the season was 482). Hoffman's 2006 campaign (2.14 ERA, 46 saves in 51 opportunities through 65 games pitched) was one of his best. The 2006 Padres would attribute their success largely to the team's pitching staff. Their ERA was 3.87, first in the NL and trailing only the Detroit Tigers in all of MLB. On September 30, 2006, the Padres clinched a playoff berth with a 3–1 win over the Arizona Diamondbacks. In the final game of the season, the", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "7211234", "text": "2006 National League Division Series The 2006 National League Division Series (NLDS), the opening round of the 2006 National League playoffs, began on Tuesday, October 3, and ended on Sunday, October 8, with the champions of the three NL divisions—along with a \"wild card\" team—participating in two best-of-five series. They were: \"The higher seed (in parentheses) had the home field advantage, which was determined by playing record. The Padres were awarded the Western Division title over the Dodgers due to their winning the season series against Los Angeles 13–5.\" The Mets and the Cardinals met in the NL Championship Series,", "title": "2006 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "12863383", "text": "of the animals sold at Petco stores. The brick reads, \"Break out your cold ones. Toast the Padres. Enjoy this champion organization.\" The first letter of each word is really an acrostic urging people to boycott the stores. In 2005, the Western Division Champion Padres finished with the lowest-ever winning percentage for a division champion (or for that matter, a postseason qualifier) in a non-strike season, 82–80. Three teams in the Eastern Division finished with better records than San Diego but failed to qualify for the playoffs, including second-place Philadelphia, which won 88 games and all six of its contests", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "13946417", "text": "them 43 wins and 30 losses. In contrast, the Padres record after 73 games in 2009 was 32 wins with 41 losses. There were constant rumors and talks about the possible trade of All-Star first baseman and Gold Glove winner Adrian Gonzalez. On August 18, the Padres moved 6 games ahead of the San Francisco Giants giving them their biggest division lead of the season On August 23, the Giants acquired outfielder Cody Ross off waivers from the Florida Marlins to block him from going to the Padres. On August 25, the Padres were 76–49 and in first place with", "title": "2010 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863397", "text": "the longtime Padres legend, tripled against Hoffman to tie the game. The Padres went on to lose that game, and the one that followed, even though the Milwaukee Brewers had been eliminated from the pennant race and had nothing left to play for. The Padres then met the Rockies on October 1, 2007 in Denver for a one-game playoff to decide the wild card winner. Despite having Jake Peavy start the game and bringing in Trevor Hoffman in the bottom of the 13th inning to try to hold an 8–6 lead, the Padres' season ended when the Rockies rallied to", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "17581476", "text": "2014 San Diego Padres season The 2014 San Diego Padres season was their 46th season in Major League Baseball (MLB), and their 10th at Petco Park. They finished the season with a 77–85 record, the 11th worst in the majors. After winning the season opener and starting the season 1–1, the Padres never returned to .500. San Diego entered the season with the highest payroll in franchise history, yet still ranked in the bottom third in MLB. They finished the season with its best home record (48–33) since the opening of Petco in 2004. They tied their World Series team", "title": "2014 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "4705323", "text": "Cy Young Award for the second time. In the playoffs, the Padres faced the Cardinals in the NLDS again. Down 2–0 in the series, Hoffman saved Game 3 in a 3–1 win to avoid elimination. However, the Padres lost the series 3–1 as their offense managed only six runs in the four games against the eventual 2006 World Series champions. On April 28, 2007 in a 3–2 win over the Dodgers, Hoffman earned a save and pitched in his 803rd game for the Padres, breaking the MLB record for games pitched for one team. The record was previously held by", "title": "Trevor Hoffman" }, { "id": "386372", "text": "and reached the World Series twice, in 1984 and in 1998, but lost both times. The Padres' main draw during the 1980s and 1990s was Tony Gwynn, who won eight league batting titles. They moved into their current stadium, Petco Park, in 2004. As of 2017, the Padres are the only team in the MLB yet to throw a no-hitter since their addition to the league in 1969. The team has played its spring training games at the Peoria Sports Complex in Peoria, Arizona since 1994. They share the stadium with the Seattle Mariners. From 1969 to 1993, the Padres", "title": "San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "18199355", "text": "signed James Shields to a 4-year contract. He made several smaller moves as well, as he launched the Padres into playoff talks before the season began. He concluded the offseason by trading for Braves closer Craig Kimbrel just hours before the season opened on April 5. Despite his off-season trades, the Padres in June 2015 were still under performing. This has partially led to the firing of manager, Bud Black, on June 15, 2015. On September 15, 2016, Preller was suspended for 30 days by MLB without pay for failing to disclose medical information, regarding the trade that sent Drew", "title": "A. J. Preller" }, { "id": "17581477", "text": "of 1984 with 48 home wins, which had only been exceeded by its 1978 team and their pennant-winning 1998 squad. 2014 San Diego Padres season The 2014 San Diego Padres season was their 46th season in Major League Baseball (MLB), and their 10th at Petco Park. They finished the season with a 77–85 record, the 11th worst in the majors. After winning the season opener and starting the season 1–1, the Padres never returned to .500. San Diego entered the season with the highest payroll in franchise history, yet still ranked in the bottom third in MLB. They finished the", "title": "2014 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "386368", "text": "San Diego Padres The San Diego Padres are an American professional baseball team based in San Diego, California. The Padres compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. Founded in 1969, the Padres have won two NL pennants — in 1984 and 1998, losing in the World Series both years. As of 2017, they have had 14 winning seasons in franchise history. The Padres are one of two Major League Baseball teams (the other being the Los Angeles Angels) in California to originate from that state; the Athletics were originally from", "title": "San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "7211254", "text": "solid innings in a losing effort. Busch Stadium (III) in St. Louis, Missouri Game 3 ended the Padres' eight-game winless streak against the Cardinals in the postseason and gave them their first postseason win since Game 6 of the 1998 NLCS. However, they left fourteen runners on base. The Padres scored their runs in the third off of Jeff Suppan when he allowed a one-out double to Adrian Gonzalez and walked Mike Cameron before both men scored on Russell Branyan's double to left, with Branyan reaching third on Chris Duncan's throw to home. Branyan then scored on Geoff Blum's sacrifice", "title": "2006 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "13946419", "text": "Padres were officially eliminated from playoff contention and the Giants won the division. The Padres led the NL West for 148 days in 2010. They set teams records for the fewest errors (72) and highest fielding percentage (.988) in a season. Regular Season Schedule (calendar style) <br> Regular Season Schedule (sortable text) \"Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs scored; H = Hits; 2B = Doubles; 3B = Triples; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; AVG = Batting average; SB = Stolen bases\" \"Note: W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA =", "title": "2010 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "19067261", "text": "W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; SV = Saves; IP = Innings pitched; H = Hits; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts; † = Stats ONLY with THIS team\" \"Updated as of September 24, 2016\" 2016 San Diego Padres season The 2016 San Diego Padres season was their 48th season in MLB, and their 12th at Petco Park. They spent a good majority of the season going back-and-forth in the bottom of the NL West standings with", "title": "2016 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "386393", "text": "regularly participate, including work with the development and continued coordination of SDSU's International Case Competition, which annually attracts participation from top business schools. San Diego Padres The San Diego Padres are an American professional baseball team based in San Diego, California. The Padres compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. Founded in 1969, the Padres have won two NL pennants — in 1984 and 1998, losing in the World Series both years. As of 2017, they have had 14 winning seasons in franchise history. The Padres are one of two", "title": "San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "11070588", "text": "1997 San Diego Padres season The 1997 San Diego Padres season was the 29th season in franchise history. The Padres finished last in the National League West. Right fielder (and future Hall of Famer) Tony Gwynn had the highest batting average in the majors, at .372. In April, the Padres played three home games at the Aloha Stadium in Hawaii against the St. Louis Cardinals. The Cardinals won the opening two games (a double header) on April 19, winning the first 1-0 and the second 2-1 before the Padres won game 3 on Sunday April 20 by a score of", "title": "1997 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863370", "text": "Stadium in the final series of the regular season. The '96 team featured Gwynn, who won his seventh National League batting championship, National League MVP Ken Caminiti, premier leadoff hitter Rickey Henderson, pitcher Fernando Valenzuela, first baseman Wally Joyner and outfielder Steve Finley. The Padres had led the NL West early in the season only to falter in June, but came back in July and battled the Dodgers the rest of the way. However, they were defeated in the National League Division Series by the Tony La Russa-led St. Louis Cardinals, 3 games to 0. The Padres suffered an off-year", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "12863390", "text": "in Game 4, when the Cardinals, who trailed 2–0 before their first at-bat, scored six unanswered runs (two in the first, and four in the sixth) for the win. After the end of the 2006 season, the Padres had an overall post-season record of 12–22, losing 10 of their last 11 games since winning the National League pennant in 1998. One key offseason trade between the San Diego Padres' General Manager, Kevin Towers, and the Texas Rangers' General Manager, Jon Daniels, would prove to have a dramatic impact on their 2006 season. The Padres dealt starting pitcher Adam Eaton, middle", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "8640474", "text": "the National League Central with records of 93–69. In 2005, the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox each finished 95–67 in the American League East. In 2006, the San Diego Padres and Los Angeles Dodgers finished tied with records of 88–74 in the National League West. In all three situations, the team with the better head-to-head record (the 2001 Astros, 2005 Yankees, and 2006 Padres) were declared winners of the division, thus receiving a better seed in the postseason. The other team (the 2001 Cardinals, 2005 Red Sox, and 2006 Dodgers) entered the postseason as the wild card. Since", "title": "One-game playoff" }, { "id": "19092321", "text": "is played if both teams are guaranteed to go to the playoffs. This was the case in 2006 when the Los Angeles Dodgers (5-13 against SD) and the San Diego Padres (13-5 against LAD) were tied for the National League West division title and the Wild Card. In this case, the rules below are used to determine the division winner. Two-way intradivision tie-breaker, with both teams already guaranteed a playoff spot with one as the wildcard and one as the division champion. The division title is awarded in the following priority: The loser of this tie-breaker goes to the playoffs", "title": "Major League Baseball tie-breaking procedures (1995–2011)" }, { "id": "16825454", "text": "feet-first to break up a double play. He started the season on the disabled list, and returned exactly a month after the injury on April 17. The Padres finished in eleventh place at the end of spring training, eleven games behind first place Kansas City Royals, with a 16-20 record (10-9 home / 6-11 away) and .444 percentage in the Cactus League. The Padres began the season with a 5–15 record, but then went 30–19 to move a game above .500 (35–34) for the first time since ending the 2010 season at 90–72. Rookie second baseman Jedd Gyorko finished the", "title": "2013 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "11070742", "text": "1978 San Diego Padres season The 1978 San Diego Padres season was the tenth in franchise history. The team finished in fourth place in the National League West with a record of 84-78, 11 games behind the first-place Los Angeles Dodgers. This was the Padres' first winning season in franchise history. In 1978, the Padres achieved their first winning season in team history, finishing 84-78 (.519), 6 games over .500. On June 9, the one-third point of the season, the team stood at 23-31 (.426). The last two-thirds of the season, they went 61-47 (.565), which included a 10-game winning", "title": "1978 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863405", "text": "that the Padres had a serious chance to get back in the race in a weak NL West. A road trip sent the Padres to play the Indians in Cleveland, where they lost two of the three games. During their final trip to Yankee Stadium, the site of Tony Gwynn's upperdeck World Series blast, the Padres were swept by the Yankees. They returned to Petco and dropped two of three to the Tigers. They were then swept by the Twins and Mariners. Returning to National League competition did not help much, as Padres lost two of three in Colorado to", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "4705321", "text": "like that before\", said Pirates reliever John Grabow. \"You get goose bumps even if you are on the other team.\" The Padres presented Hoffman with a golden bell trophy, a reference to \"Hells Bells\". Hoffman saved a 3–1 win over the Diamondbacks on September 30 as the Padres to clinched a playoff berth. The next day in the last regular season game, two home runs were hit off Hoffman before he saved a 7–6 win over the Diamondbacks, earning the Padres their second consecutive NL West title. He was named MLB Delivery Man of the Month for September after being", "title": "Trevor Hoffman" }, { "id": "19766104", "text": "the San Diego Padres. In the opener, the Padres hit three home runs, two of which were by Manuel Margot, and beat the Dodgers 4–3. The Dodgers came from behind to win the next game, 6–3. Corey Seager drove in three runs on a single in the sixth to pull them ahead and Cody Bellinger hit his 34th home run of the season. The Dodgers became the fastest National League team to reach 82 victories in a season since the 1944 Cardinals. They then took the final game of the series, 6–4, to win their 19th straight series. Justin Turner", "title": "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "12863409", "text": "disastrous season started to come to a close, questions about the coaching staff started swirling like crazy. In mid-September, Hitting Coach Wally Joyner resigned due to the team's lackluster offense and a difference in philosophy with upper management (most notably, CEO Sandy Alderson). It seems that Joyner beat the Padres to the punch, as he was likely to be replaced at the end of the season. The team finished off a 63–99 season on September 28 with a 10–6 loss to the Pittsburgh Pirates, finishing 5th in the NL West, 21 games behind the division leader Los Angeles Dodgers. On", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "16077492", "text": "National League West division title. The Padres held a steady lead on the National League wild card spot. The Diamondbacks eventually clinched the NL West division title, but the Rockies shot up with one of the greatest comebacks in baseball history. They were a major-league best 20–8 in September, after trailing 6 games on September 1. They won their last 14 of 15 games, including 11 in a row, the most of any team in the 2007 season and an all-time franchise record. The only loss during that streak was on September 28 to the Arizona Diamondbacks, a loss that", "title": "History of the Colorado Rockies" }, { "id": "18290827", "text": "2015 San Diego Padres season The 2015 San Diego Padres season was their 47th season in MLB, and their 12th at Petco Park. General Manager A. J. Preller had a busy offseason, acquiring a new starting outfield in Matt Kemp, Justin Upton, and Wil Myers, while adding to an already strong bullpen with All-Star closer Craig Kimbrel. The Padres also signed free agent starting pitcher James Shields. San Diego traded away seven of its top 11 prospects, as rated by Baseball America entering the offseason. After starting the season 32–33 and six games behind in the National League West, the", "title": "2015 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "4705303", "text": "Angeles trailing the division-leading Dodgers by two games. Hoffman recorded saves in each of the final three games against the Dodgers, as the Padres won the NL West for their first division title in 12 years. After finishing the season with 18 straight saves, Hoffman was named \"The Sporting News\" NL Fireman of the Year in 1996, and received votes for both the Cy Young Award and the NL Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award. The Padres played the St. Louis Cardinals in the 1996 National League Division Series (NLDS) and were swept in the series 3–0. Hoffman entered Game 2", "title": "Trevor Hoffman" }, { "id": "8142105", "text": "first career postseason start; on October 7, he earned a 3–1 victory in Game 3 of the 2006 National League Division Series against the St. Louis Cardinals. He pitched 6⅔ shutout innings, struck out nine, walked two and allowed four hits. It remains the Padres' only victory in ten post-season games against the Cardinals. The Padres lost the series three games to one. Young's 6–0 road performance in 2006 was one of 49 undefeated road seasons with at least five victories by a pitcher since post-season play began in 1903. However, it was the first to be followed by a", "title": "Chris Young (pitcher)" }, { "id": "19067218", "text": "drove in all seven runs in the Padres 7–1 victory. Renfroe hit a two run homer the next day and the Padres won again, this time 6–5. The Dodgers offense, led by Joc Pederson's three RBI, beat the Padres 9–4 in the final game of the series, to avoid a sweep. The Dodgers traveled to AT&T Park to finish the regular season against the Giants, who scored seven runs in the sixth inning to take the opener, 9–3. The Giants also won the next game, 3–0, ensuring that the Dodgers would begin the post-season on the road. The Dodgers finished", "title": "2016 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "11070589", "text": "8-2. Reported attendances were 37,382 (game 2) and 40,050 (game 3). \"Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in\" 1997 San Diego Padres season The 1997 San Diego Padres season was the 29th season in franchise history. The Padres finished last in the National League West. Right fielder (and future Hall of Famer) Tony Gwynn had the highest batting average in the majors, at .372. In April, the Padres played three home games at the Aloha Stadium in Hawaii against the St. Louis", "title": "1997 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "11070598", "text": "below .500, while their longest winning streak was only six. San Diego clinched the division on September 20, when they beat San Francisco 5–4 behind a three-run homer by pitcher Tim Lollar, and Houston lost to Los Angeles 6–2 three hours later. The Padres finished the season with a 92–70 record, winning the NL West division by 12 games. It was just the second winning season in the franchise's history. The future Hall-of-Famer Gwynn batted .351 to capture the first of his eight NL batting titles, while also gathering 213 hits to shatter the Padres record of 194 established by", "title": "1984 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "16825455", "text": "season as the team leader in both home runs (HR) (23) and runs batted in (RBI) (63). His HR total led all MLB rookies that season, and he was the first rookie second baseman in MLB history to lead his team in RBIs. Additionally, he became just the second rookie to lead the Padres in either category since Nate Colbert in San Diego's inaugural season in 1969. 2013 San Diego Padres season The 2013 San Diego Padres season was their 45th season in MLB, and their 9th at Petco Park. The Padres started the season on April 1 against the", "title": "2013 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "5497900", "text": "the Year and \"Sporting News\" National League Manager of the Year honors. In 1998, Bochy led the Padres to a franchise-best 98–64 record and the second National League pennant in Padres history, earning \"Sporting News\" Manager of the Year honors for the second time. The Padres were swept in four games in the 1998 World Series by the New York Yankees. After the World Series, the Padres dramatically cut payroll and suffered five straight losing seasons. In 2005 and 2006, Bochy led the Padres to consecutive NL West titles for the first time in franchise history, but they lost to", "title": "Bruce Bochy" }, { "id": "4705317", "text": "games as the Padres went 22–6 for their best month in franchise history. On August 24, Hoffman converted his 29th consecutive save opportunity in a 7–4 win over the Houston Astros. He passed Franco for second place on the all-time saves list with his 425th save, and the Padres maintained a six-game lead in the NL West with a 63–63 record. The Padres won the NL West with an 82–80 record, and Hoffman finished the season 43 for 46 in save opportunities, the second most saves in the NL. The Padres were swept 3–0 in the playoffs by the Cardinals,", "title": "Trevor Hoffman" }, { "id": "19766088", "text": "an altercation with Padres manager Andy Green in the previous game. The Dodgers dropped the final game of the series, 5–3 to the Padres behind an ineffective Kenta Maeda. José Pirela and Manuel Margot provided early offense for the Padres, each driving in two runs to back up Jhoulys Chacín. The Dodgers returned home on Independence Day to begin a six-game homestand, starting with a three-game series with the Arizona Diamondbacks, who had the second best record in the division coming into the game. Clayton Kershaw pitched seven scoreless innings, allowing two hits and striking out 11 batters while Justin", "title": "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "11070587", "text": "winning 4 division titles (1996, 1998, 2005, 2006). The Padres were eliminated in the 2006 National League Division Series by the eventual World Series champion St. Louis Cardinals, losing 3–1. Played at Petco Park on April 3, 2006 against the San Francisco Giants. San Diego 6, San Francisco 1 \"Note: Pos = position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in\" St. Louis wins the series, 3-1 2006 Major League Baseball All-Star Game 2006 San Diego Padres season The 2006 San Diego Padres season", "title": "2006 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "17602961", "text": "the injured Josh Beckett and pitched six scoreless innings. Ian Kennedy pitched eight scoreless for the Padres to match him. A walk-off sacrifice fly by A. J. Ellis in the ninth led to the only run of the game in the Dodgers 1–0 victory. They won the following game, also 1-0, and the Dodgers headed into the All-Star break with the top record in the National League, 54-43. They resumed play on July 18 after the break with a 3–2 loss to the St. Louis Cardinals at Busch Stadium. The next game, Grienke gave up four runs in the first", "title": "2014 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "10978050", "text": "Padres and the Arizona Diamondbacks for the National League West divisional title. The Padres spent 52 days with at least a share of the lead, while the Diamondbacks spent 89 total days atop the division and ultimately won by a game with a record of 90–72. The Rockies spent just three days, last on April 6, with a lead in the division. Notably the Diamondbacks scored 20 fewer runs than their pitchers allowed, one of just five teams in MLB history to make the playoffs despite being outscored during the season. In addition to the divisional race, the competition over", "title": "2007 National League Wild Card tie-breaker game" }, { "id": "2510873", "text": "League Division Series against the Houston Astros, San Diego won both of Brown's starts by a 2–1 score. As the Game 1 starter opposing Randy Johnson, he allowed no runs in eight innings and struck out 16 Astros, a career-high, and second to that point in MLB playoff history only to Bob Gibson's 17-strikeout performance in the 1968 World Series. He helped to lead the Padres to the World Series, but not before blowing a save in Game 5 of the NLCS during a rare relief appearance. The Padres would then lose to the New York Yankees in the 1998", "title": "Kevin Brown (right-handed pitcher)" }, { "id": "6145444", "text": "2005 National League Division Series The 2005 National League Division Series (NLDS), the opening round of the 2005 National League playoffs, began on Tuesday, October 4, and ended on Sunday, October 9, with the champions of the three NL divisions—along with a \"wild card\" team—participating in two best-of-five series. They were: \"The higher seed (in parentheses) had the home field advantage, which was determined by playing record. Although the team with the best record was normally intended to play the wild card team, the Cardinals played the Padres, rather than the wild card Astros, because the Cardinals and Astros are", "title": "2005 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "13946418", "text": "a game lead. On August 26 The Padres started a 10-game losing streak by losing to the Arizona Diamondbacks 5–11. The losing streak went into the month of September and ended on September 6 when they beat the LA Dodgers 4–2. On September 26, the Padres (87–67) had a -game lead over the Giants (87–68). On September 30, the Padres fell 3 games behind the San Francisco Giants after losing 3 out of 4 games to the Chicago Cubs, putting them on the brink of elimination. With a 3–0 loss on October 3 the final game of the season, the", "title": "2010 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "18290828", "text": "Padres fired manager Bud Black, who had managed the team for eight-plus seasons. Bench coach Dave Roberts filled in as manager for one game until Pat Murphy was named the interim manager. October 30: Tim Stauffer and Josh Johnson become free agents. November 3: Sent 3 players to the minors. November 18: Signed Benji Gonzalez to a minor league contract. November 20: Promoted 3 players from the minors, sent 2 to the minors, signed Griff Erickson to a minor league contract and invited him to spring training, and sent Raymond Fuentes to the Kansas City Royals for Kyle Bartsch. November", "title": "2015 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863385", "text": "2005 Padres featured bright spots, however, including ace pitcher Jake Peavy, the NL strikeout leader, and closer Trevor Hoffman, who claimed his 400th save. The Padres started April 2006 with a 9–15 record and were stuck in the cellar of the NL West. However, after going 19–10 in May, the club moved into first place in the division. Closer Trevor Hoffman was elected to the 2006 MLB All-Star Game in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, threw one inning in that game and got the loss. On September 24 (the last home game of the regular season), Hoffman became the all-time saves leader when", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "9975165", "text": "old team, the Dodgers. During that game, Kemp drove in the only 3 runs for the Padres, as the team lost to the Dodgers 6-3. On August 14, 2015, on the road against the Colorado Rockies, Kemp became the first player in the Padres' 7,444-game history to hit for the cycle. In the first inning, he hit a 2-run home run to center, followed by a single and a double. He finished with a triple to center field in the top of the 9th inning, scoring Yangervis Solarte from first. He finished the night 4-for-5. In 2016 for the Padres,", "title": "Matt Kemp" }, { "id": "15952230", "text": "played (159) and assists (315) and the NL in total chances (425). 2012 San Diego Padres season The San Diego Padres' 2012 season was their 44th season in MLB, and their eighth at Petco Park. The Padres finished with a record of 76-86, fourth place in the NL West. The following free agents were not re-signed from the final roster of the Padres 2011 season. On December 17, 2011, pitcher Mat Latos was traded to the Cincinnati Reds for right-handed starting pitcher Edinson Vólquez and three of the Reds' top 10 prospects—first baseman Yonder Alonso, catcher Yasmani Grandal and right-handed", "title": "2012 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "4170003", "text": "least one professional sports team. The Padres left Qualcomm Stadium for Petco Park for the 2004 baseball season. On October 11, 2005, A&E Home Video released \"The New York Yankees Fall Classic Collectors Edition (1996–2001)\" DVD set. Game 3 of the 1998 World Series is included in the set. 1998 World Series The 1998 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 1998 season. The 94th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the American League (AL) champion New York Yankees and the National League (NL) champion San Diego Padres. The Yankees swept", "title": "1998 World Series" }, { "id": "7211242", "text": "losing streak, only to follow that up by winning seven consecutive, then losing their next three. The Dodgers finished the season strong by winning their final seven games, clinching a playoff berth in the final weekend over the Philadelphia Phillies and finishing tied with the Padres. The Dodgers were awarded the wild-card spot based on their 5-13 head-to-head record against San Diego, who earned the divisional championship. Shea Stadium in Queens, New York The game started off with Mets rookie starter John Maine on the mound as an emergency replacement for Orlando Hernández. Hernández was sidelined with a torn muscle,", "title": "2006 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "13705851", "text": "games. The Chargers have not won the AFC West since 2009 and relocated to Los Angeles after the 2016 season. As a result, this was the last playoff game the Chargers played in San Diego. With the MLB’s Padres failing to qualify for the postseason since 2006, this is the currently the last Big 4 postseason game to be played in the city of San Diego. This game was the first time in NFL history that two first-year head coaches met in any conference championship game. The Colts defeated the Jets for the first time in the postseason and advanced", "title": "2009–10 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "15186425", "text": "NL with a .184 batting average against in the first half. During the 2016 MLB All-Star break, the Padres traded Pomeranz to the Boston Red Sox for Anderson Espinoza, a highly regarded minor league pitching prospect. On September 16, 2016, Padres general manager A. J. Preller was suspended for 30 days for keeping two sets of medical records for players—one internal and one for league use. There had been several instances of duplicate records, but the suspension was handed out specifically with respect to the Pomeranz trade. With the 2016 Red Sox, Pomeranz pitched to a 4.59 ERA and a", "title": "Drew Pomeranz" }, { "id": "8830557", "text": "Wild Card race. On September 24, the Diamondbacks were mathematically eliminated from postseason contention with a 5-1 loss at Los Angeles. The final game of the 2006 season was a 7-6 loss to the San Diego Padres at Chase Field (which gave the Padres the 2006 NL West Division championship) and featured a rare poor performance by ace starting pitcher Brandon Webb. The Diamondbacks finished the year with 76 wins and 86 losses for a .469 winning percentage. They tied for 4th place in the NL West with the Colorado Rockies, 12 games behind the Padres. \"Note: G = Games", "title": "2006 Arizona Diamondbacks season" }, { "id": "4705325", "text": "his 1,000th career strikeout, becoming the eighth reliever to reach the mark. On September 27, Hoffman picked up his 40th save of the 2007 season, marking his ninth season with 40 saves, a Major League record. On September 29, one strike away from clinching the Padres third consecutive playoff berth, Hoffman surrendered a tying, two-out triple in the ninth inning to Tony Gwynn, Jr., son of legendary Padres Hall of Famer Tony Gwynn. The Padres would lose 4–3 in the 11th inning to the Milwaukee Brewers. On October 1, in the Padres' wild card tie-breaker game against the Rockies, Hoffman", "title": "Trevor Hoffman" }, { "id": "20401136", "text": "innings as the Dodgers started things off with an 8–2 win. Rookie starter Eric Lauer allowed only four hits while striking out eight in 8 innings as the Padres evened the series with a 4–1 win on the 10th. Then in the next game, Kenta Maeda struck out nine in 5 innings, his fourth straight nine strikeout game, as the Dodgers won 4–2. The Dodgers moved into solo possession of first place in the division for the first time all season with a 3–2 win on July 12. The Dodgers returned home on July 13 for another series with the", "title": "2018 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "11070590", "text": "1984 San Diego Padres season The 1984 San Diego Padres season was the 16th season in franchise history. San Diego won the National League (NL) championship and advanced to the World Series, which they lost to the Detroit Tigers four games to one. The Padres were led by manager Dick Williams and third-year player Tony Gwynn, who won the NL batting title and finished third in voting for the NL Most Valuable Player Award. In their first 15 seasons, the Padres had an overall won–lost record of 995–1372 for a .420 winning percentage, and finished with a winning record just", "title": "1984 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "18290832", "text": "L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; SV = Saves; IP = Innings pitched; H = Hits; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts\" 2015 San Diego Padres season The 2015 San Diego Padres season was their 47th season in MLB, and their 12th at Petco Park. General Manager A. J. Preller had a busy offseason, acquiring a new starting outfield in Matt Kemp, Justin Upton, and Wil Myers, while adding to an already strong bullpen with All-Star closer Craig Kimbrel. The", "title": "2015 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "10753324", "text": "1996 Los Angeles Dodgers season The 1996 Los Angeles Dodgers season saw the Dodgers remain atop the standings most of the season. However, longtime manager Tommy Lasorda suffered a heart attack in mid-season and had to step down. Bill Russell, Lasorda's bench coach and a former Dodger player, was chosen to manage the rest of the season. The Dodgers went into the final weekend of the season with a two-game lead on the San Diego Padres, needing only to win one of the final three games with the Padres to clinch the National League Western Division crown. However, the Padres", "title": "1996 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "15950046", "text": "Kershaw allowed only one run in 5 innings and Adrian Gonzalez hit two home runs, to lead the Dodgers to a 5-3 victory over the Reds. The Dodgers, with their season hanging by a thread, next traveled to San Diego for a series with the Padres. They dropped the first game of the series 2-1. Kemp had four hits, including a home run the next night as the Dodgers offense finally showed some life and they beat the Padres 8-2. The Dodgers finished off their last road trip of the season with an 8-4 victory over the Padres, with both", "title": "2012 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "15952223", "text": "2012 San Diego Padres season The San Diego Padres' 2012 season was their 44th season in MLB, and their eighth at Petco Park. The Padres finished with a record of 76-86, fourth place in the NL West. The following free agents were not re-signed from the final roster of the Padres 2011 season. On December 17, 2011, pitcher Mat Latos was traded to the Cincinnati Reds for right-handed starting pitcher Edinson Vólquez and three of the Reds' top 10 prospects—first baseman Yonder Alonso, catcher Yasmani Grandal and right-handed relief pitcher Brad Boxberger. Latos was 27–29 in 72 career starts with", "title": "2012 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "12863359", "text": "ERA and 25 saves). In the 1984 NLCS, the Padres faced the NL East champion Chicago Cubs, who were making their first post-season appearance since 1945 and featured NL Most Valuable Player Ryne Sandberg and Cy Young Award winner Rick Sutcliffe. The Cubs would win the first two games at Wrigley Field, and were less than two innings away from a series sweep when their luck changed. The Padres swept the final three games at then San Diego Jack Murphy Stadium (the highlight arguably being Steve Garvey's dramatic, game-winning home run off of Lee Smith in Game 4) to win", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "3365741", "text": "for the third time in two seasons, and he missed the entire month of August. He rejoined the team in time for the September stretch run, and was pivotal in the Padres' run to the National League West championship. Hernández hit .359 in September with five home runs, and drove in 20 runs in just 22 games. He came up with several clutch hits, including two dramatic game-winning home runs: a three-run walk-off shot against Washington in the 12th inning on September 17, and a grand slam against division rival San Francisco just 10 days later. He finished the season", "title": "Ramón Hernández" }, { "id": "13946415", "text": "outfielder Pat Burrell. Padres CEO Jeff Moorad, Burrell's friend and his former agent, would later say he regretted not recruiting Burrell to the Padres. On May 31, the Padres played 51 games and are 2.0 games ahead of the Los Angeles Dodgers. They had one of the highest winning percentages in the National League despite having poor attendance and one of the worst payrolls in the MLB. The Padres had one of the lowest ERA in the National League. On June 11, the Padres had 36 wins and 25 losses. They were tied with the Los Angeles Dodgers in first", "title": "2010 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "14038718", "text": "strikeouts in 75 innings pitched. Hynes made his MLB debut with the Padres on July 14, 2013, pitching the ninth inning of a 10–1 victory against the San Francisco Giants. He appeared in six games for the Padres and was 1–1 with an 11.12 ERA in 5 innings. He was designated for assignment on October 25, 2013. He was traded to the Cleveland Indians for cash considerations on October 31, 2013. They designated him for assignment on March 30, 2014, and he was traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers for Duke von Schamann on April 6. He was assigned to", "title": "Colt Hynes" }, { "id": "6937910", "text": "the Padres from 1989 through 1991 and for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1991 through 1993. Towers rejoined the Padres as scouting director in 1993. Towers became the Padres' seventh general manager in 1995, succeeding Randy Smith. As GM, Towers led the Padres to four division championships and an appearance in the 1998 World Series. In November 1998 after the Padres' World Series appearance, San Diego voters approved funding to build the team's new stadium, Petco Park. The Padres also finished last in their division five times. Towers was known for his ability to find talented pitchers that many other teams", "title": "Kevin Towers" }, { "id": "12863401", "text": "the ninth for the save. The Los Angeles Dodgers came into town and took two of three. 2007 Cy Young winner Jake Peavy picked up the only win during the Dodgers' series. At the end of the opening homestand, the Padres were 3–3. The Padres traveled to San Francisco, hoping to fatten up on former manager Bruce Bochy's Giants, but the now-Bondsless bay dwellers took two of three. In Los Angeles, the Padres won two of three, pushing their record back to .500. On April 17, 2008, during the series against the Colorado Rockies at Petco Park, the Padres played", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "18332221", "text": "52 games with Staten Island and Charleston. In the 2016 Rule 5 draft, the Cincinnati Reds selected Torrens from the Yankees, and traded him to the San Diego Padres. Torrens joined the Padres' Opening Day roster as a 20-year old, never having played above single-A. Torrens, along with Héctor Sánchez, served as a back-up to catcher Austin Hedges during the 2017 season. He started 31 games for the Padres overall, but saw less time as the season progressed, making only 6 starts and 29 plate appearances over the final two months of the season. Torrens finished 2017 with 20 hits", "title": "Luis Torrens" }, { "id": "8107056", "text": "team with the home field \"advantage\" had played the first two games on the road, with the possibility of the final three games at home. The Cubs had won the wild card spot through a one-game playoff with the San Francisco Giants, winning 5–3 on September 28. The Atlanta Braves and San Diego Padres went on to meet in the NL Championship Series (NLCS). The Padres defeated the Braves four games to two to become the National League champion, and lost to the American League champion New York Yankees in the 1998 World Series. Turner Field in Atlanta, Georgia The", "title": "1998 National League Division Series" }, { "id": "12863413", "text": "contention and the eventual World Series champion San Francisco Giants won the division. The Padres led the NL West for 148 days in 2010. Adrian Gonzalez would have been in the last year of his contract in 2011, but the Padres were not going to meet Gonzalez's open market value especially with Jeff Moorad's purchase of the Padres from John Moores not completing until around 2013. On December 6, 2010, Gonzalez was traded to the Boston Red Sox for a package of right-handed pitcher Casey Kelly, first baseman Anthony Rizzo, outfielder Reymond Fuentes, and a player to be named later,", "title": "History of the San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "11070732", "text": "Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts\" 1974 Major League Baseball All-Star Game 1974 San Diego Padres season The 1974 San Diego Padres season was the sixth in franchise history. The team finished last in the National League West with a record of 60–102, 42 games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers. In his first home game as the Padres' new owner in 1974, Ray Kroc grabbed the public address system microphone and apologized to fans for the poor performance of the team, saying, \"I've never seen such stupid", "title": "1974 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "20401116", "text": "the 12th in major league history and the first by the Dodgers, who won 4–0. A two run homer buy Raffy Lopez in the following game, allowed the Padres to take the lead in the sixth and they piled on against the Dodgers bullpen to even the series with a 7–4 win. A two-run homer by Eric Hosmer in the fifth inning was the main blow in the Dodgers 3–0 loss to end the road trip. The Dodgers on April 8 began a six-game homestand, starting with a two-game series with the Diamondbacks. Rich Hill returned from a stint on", "title": "2018 Los Angeles Dodgers season" }, { "id": "16825453", "text": "2013 San Diego Padres season The 2013 San Diego Padres season was their 45th season in MLB, and their 9th at Petco Park. The Padres started the season on April 1 against the New York Mets. This was their first season finishing ahead of fourth place since 2010. On January 30, 2013, 2012 Gold Glove and Silver Slugger third baseman Chase Headley signed a one-year contract worth $8.575 million with San Diego. On March 17, 2013, during spring training, he fractured the tip of his left thumb when it got caught under the second base bag while he was sliding", "title": "2013 San Diego Padres season" }, { "id": "4705310", "text": "held on, 3–2. Hoffman entered Game 3 with the bases loaded and two out in the eighth, and he struck out Javy López on three pitches to end the inning and would save the Padres' 4–1 victory. San Diego was up 3–0 in the series and would go on to win 4–2. The Padres reached the 1998 World Series, but lost the series 4–0 against the New York Yankees, who finished with an MLB-record 125 combined regular season and playoff victories and the third-best overall winning percentage (.714) for a World Series champion. In his only appearance in the series", "title": "Trevor Hoffman" }, { "id": "386371", "text": "and an airline. Despite initial excitement, the guidance of longtime baseball executives, Eddie Leishman and Buzzie Bavasi as well as a new playing field, the team struggled; the Padres finished in last place in each of its first six seasons in the NL West, losing 100 games or more four times. One of the few bright spots on the team during the early years was first baseman and slugger Nate Colbert, an expansion draftee from the Houston Astros and still the Padres' career leader in home runs. The team's fortunes gradually improved as they won five National League West titles", "title": "San Diego Padres" }, { "id": "2182699", "text": "hits, and no earned runs. On August 17, Willis held the Padres scoreless by shutting the Padres out in 9 innings, earning him his 16th win of the season, second most in baseball. \"He's as good as anybody,\" San Diego manager Bruce Bochy said. \"We aren't the first team he has shut out this year.\" The win put Florida one-and-a-half games behind Houston and Philadelphia in the wild card standings. Willis won his 19th game of the season against the Mets on September 2, breaking Carl Pavano's franchise record for most wins in a season. Pavano held the Marlins' mark", "title": "Dontrelle Willis" } ]	when is the last time the padres made the playoffs
[ "pulsars" ]	[ { "id": "290352", "text": "to neutrons, or ultra-dense quark-degenerate matter. Neutron stars are detected from their electromagnetic radiation. Neutron stars are usually observed to pulse radio waves and other electromagnetic radiation, and neutron stars observed with pulses are called pulsars. Pulsars' radiation is thought to be caused by particle acceleration near their magnetic poles, which need not be aligned with the rotational axis of the neutron star. It is thought that a large electrostatic field builds up near the magnetic poles, leading to electron emission. These electrons are magnetically accelerated along the field lines, leading to curvature radiation, with the radiation being strongly polarized", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "2069226", "text": "Radio star Stellar radio sources, radio source stars or radio stars are stellar objects that produce copious emissions of various radio frequencies, whether constant or pulsed. Radio emissions from stars can be produced in many varied ways. Pulsars, a type of neutron star, are examples of radio stars. \"Rotation-powered pulsars\" are, as the name suggests, powered by the slow-down of their rotation. The rotation powers a magnetic field, which generates the radio emissions. Not all rotation-powered pulsars generate their pulses in the radio spectrum. Some of them, from the millisecond pulsars, generate X-rays instead. Aside from radio pulsars and X-ray", "title": "Radio star" }, { "id": "290355", "text": "neutron stars have also been identified in other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. This includes visible light, near infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays. Pulsars observed in X-rays are known as X-ray pulsars if accretion-powered; while those identified in visible light as optical pulsars. The majority of neutron stars detected, including those identified in optical, X-ray and gamma rays, also emit radio waves; the Crab Pulsar produces electromagnetic emissions across the spectrum. However, there exist neutron stars called radio-quiet neutron stars, with no radio emissions detected. Neutron stars rotate extremely rapidly after their formation due to the conservation of angular", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "2069229", "text": "sources. They estimate that less than 1.2 in 1 million stars between an apparent magnitude of 15 and 19.1 emit more than 1.25 mJy in the 21-centimeter band. Radio star Stellar radio sources, radio source stars or radio stars are stellar objects that produce copious emissions of various radio frequencies, whether constant or pulsed. Radio emissions from stars can be produced in many varied ways. Pulsars, a type of neutron star, are examples of radio stars. \"Rotation-powered pulsars\" are, as the name suggests, powered by the slow-down of their rotation. The rotation powers a magnetic field, which generates the radio", "title": "Radio star" }, { "id": "290326", "text": "radiation from pulsars is thought to be primarily emitted from regions near their magnetic poles. If the magnetic poles do not coincide with the rotational axis of the neutron star, the emission beam will sweep the sky, and when seen from a distance, if the observer is somewhere in the path of the beam, it will appear as pulses of radiation coming from a fixed point in space (the so-called \"lighthouse effect\"). The fastest-spinning neutron star known is PSR J1748-2446ad, rotating at a rate of 716 times a second or 43,000 revolutions per minute, giving a linear speed at the", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "8001768", "text": "Radio-quiet neutron star A radio-quiet neutron star is a neutron star that does not seem to emit radio emissions, but is still visible to Earth through electromagnetic radiation at other parts of the spectrum, particularly x-rays and gamma rays. Most detected neutron stars are pulsars, and emit radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation. About 700 radio pulsars are listed in the Princeton catalog, and all but one emit radio waves at the 400 MHz and 1400 MHz frequencies. That exception is Geminga, which is radio quiet at frequencies above 100 MHz, but is a strong emitter of X-rays and gamma rays. In all,", "title": "Radio-quiet neutron star" }, { "id": "290325", "text": "between 10 and 10 (100 million to 1 quadrillion) times as strong as that of the Earth. The gravitational field at the neutron star's surface is about (200 billion) times that of the Earth. As the star's core collapses, its rotation rate increases as a result of conservation of angular momentum, hence newly formed neutron stars rotate at up to several hundred times per second. Some neutron stars emit beams of electromagnetic radiation that make them detectable as pulsars. Indeed, the discovery of pulsars by Jocelyn Bell Burnell in 1967 was the first observational suggestion that neutron stars exist. The", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290373", "text": "concluded that the radiation comes from a neutron star at the stage of accretion. In 1967, Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish discovered regular radio pulses from PSR B1919+21. This pulsar was later interpreted as an isolated, rotating neutron star. The energy source of the pulsar is the rotational energy of the neutron star. The majority of known neutron stars (about 2000, as of 2010) have been discovered as pulsars, emitting regular radio pulses. In 1971, Riccardo Giacconi, Herbert Gursky, Ed Kellogg, R. Levinson, E. Schreier, and H. Tananbaum discovered 4.8 second pulsations in an X-ray source in the constellation", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290341", "text": "produced. The field changes electron energy levels and atoms are forced into thin cylinders. Unlike in an ordinary pulsar, magnetar spin-down can be directly powered by its magnetic field, and the magnetic field is strong enough to stress the crust to the point of fracture. Fractures of the crust cause starquakes, observed as extremely luminous millisecond hard gamma ray bursts. The fireball is trapped by the magnetic field, and comes in and out of view when the star rotates, which is observed as a periodic soft gamma repeater (SGR) emission with a period of 5–8 seconds and which lasts for", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "8001772", "text": "Star), \"INS\" (Isolated Neutron Stars). Defined as thermally emitting neutron stars of high magnetic fields, although lower than that of magnetars. Identified in thermal x-rays, and thought to be radio-quiet. Compact Central Objects in Supernova remnants (CCOs in SNRs) are identified as being radio-quiet compact x-ray sources surrounded by supernova remnants. They have thermal emission spectra, and lower magnetic fields than XDINSs and magnetars. Radio-quiet neutron star A radio-quiet neutron star is a neutron star that does not seem to emit radio emissions, but is still visible to Earth through electromagnetic radiation at other parts of the spectrum, particularly x-rays", "title": "Radio-quiet neutron star" }, { "id": "8001770", "text": "their magnetic poles. When the magnetic poles do not lie on the axis of rotation, and cross the line of sight of the observer, one can detect radio emission emitted near the star's magnetic poles. Due to the star's rotation this radiation appears to pulse, colloquially called the \"lighthouse effect\". Radio-quiet neutron stars may be neutron stars whose magnetic poles do not point towards the Earth during their rotation. The group of radio-quiet neutrons stars informally known as the Magnificent Seven are thought to emit mainly thermal radiation. Possibly some powerful neutron star radio emissions are caused by a positron-electron", "title": "Radio-quiet neutron star" }, { "id": "290322", "text": "Neutron star A neutron star is the collapsed core of a giant star which before collapse had a total of between 10 and 29 solar masses. Neutron stars are the smallest and densest stars, not counting hypothetical quark stars and strange stars. Neutron stars have a radius on the order of and a mass lower than 2.16 solar masses. They result from the supernova explosion of a massive star, combined with gravitational collapse, that compresses the core past white dwarf star density to that of atomic nuclei. Once formed, they no longer actively generate heat, and cool over time; however,", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290372", "text": "had large magnetic fields, then electromagnetic waves would be emitted. Unbeknown to him, radio astronomer Antony Hewish and his research assistant Jocelyn Bell at Cambridge were shortly to detect radio pulses from stars that are now believed to be highly magnetized, rapidly spinning neutron stars, known as pulsars. In 1965, Antony Hewish and Samuel Okoye discovered \"an unusual source of high radio brightness temperature in the Crab Nebula\". This source turned out to be the Crab Pulsar that resulted from the great supernova of 1054. In 1967, Iosif Shklovsky examined the X-ray and optical observations of Scorpius X-1 and correctly", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "10448271", "text": "on a neutron star also has to follow the magnetic field lines, resulting in two hot spots on the surface where it can reach and collide with the star's surface. These spots are literally a few feet (about a metre) across but tremendously bright. Their periodic eclipsing during star rotation is hypothesized to be the source of pulsating radiation (see pulsars). An extreme form of a magnetized neutron star is the magnetar. These are formed as the result of a core-collapse supernova. The existence of such stars was confirmed in 1998 with the measurement of the star SGR 1806-20. The", "title": "Stellar magnetic field" }, { "id": "290332", "text": "even higher, electrons and protons combine to form neutrons via electron capture, releasing a flood of neutrinos. When densities reach nuclear density of , neutron degeneracy pressure halts the contraction. The infalling outer envelope of the star is halted and flung outwards by a flux of neutrinos produced in the creation of the neutrons, becoming a supernova. The remnant left is a neutron star. If the remnant has a mass greater than about , it collapses further to become a black hole. As the core of a massive star is compressed during a Type II supernova, Type Ib or Type", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290336", "text": "of a stellar black hole is about . The temperature inside a newly formed neutron star is from around 10 to 10 kelvin. However, the huge number of neutrinos it emits carry away so much energy that the temperature of an isolated neutron star falls within a few years to around 10 kelvin. At this lower temperature, most of the light generated by a neutron star is in X-rays. Neutron stars have overall densities of to ( to times the density of the Sun), which is comparable to the approximate density of an atomic nucleus of . The neutron star's", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "4184280", "text": "Pulsar A pulsar (from \"pulse\" and \"-ar\" as in quasar) is a highly magnetized rotating neutron star that emits a beam of electromagnetic radiation. This radiation can be observed only when the beam of emission is pointing toward Earth (much like the way a lighthouse can be seen only when the light is pointed in the direction of an observer), and is responsible for the pulsed appearance of emission. Neutron stars are very dense, and have short, regular rotational periods. This produces a very precise interval between pulses that ranges from milliseconds to seconds for an individual pulsar. Pulsars are", "title": "Pulsar" }, { "id": "378822", "text": "by the Pauli Exclusion Principle, in a way analogous to electron degeneracy pressure, but stronger. These stars, known as neutron stars, are extremely small—on the order of radius 10 km, no bigger than the size of a large city—and are phenomenally dense. Their period of rotation shortens dramatically as the stars shrink (due to conservation of angular momentum); observed rotational periods of neutron stars range from about 1.5 milliseconds (over 600 revolutions per second) to several seconds. When these rapidly rotating stars' magnetic poles are aligned with the Earth, we detect a pulse of radiation each revolution. Such neutron stars", "title": "Stellar evolution" }, { "id": "2448046", "text": "Neutron radiation Neutron radiation is a form of ionizing radiation that presents as free neutrons. Typical phenomena are nuclear fission or nuclear fusion causing the release of free neutrons, which then react with nuclei of other atoms to form new isotopes—which, in turn, may trigger further neutron radiation. Free neutrons are unstable, decaying into a proton, an electron, plus an anti-electron-neutrino with a mean lifetime of 887 seconds (about 14 minutes, 47 seconds). Neutrons may be emitted from nuclear fusion or nuclear fission, or from other nuclear reactions such as radioactive decay or particle interactions with cosmic rays or within", "title": "Neutron radiation" }, { "id": "290371", "text": "seeking an explanation for the origin of a supernova, they tentatively proposed that in supernova explosions ordinary stars are turned into stars that consist of extremely closely packed neutrons that they called neutron stars. Baade and Zwicky correctly proposed at that time that the release of the gravitational binding energy of the neutron stars powers the supernova: \"In the supernova process, mass in bulk is annihilated\". Neutron stars were thought to be too faint to be detectable and little work was done on them until November 1967, when Franco Pacini pointed out that if the neutron stars were spinning and", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "10448270", "text": "the collapse in size causes the strength of this field to increase dramatically. The rapid rotation of these collapsed neutron stars results in a pulsar, which emits a narrow beam of energy that can periodically point toward an observer. Compact and fast-rotating astronomical objects (white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes) have extremely strong magnetic fields. The magnetic field of a newly born fast-spinning neutron star is so strong (up to 10 teslas) that it electromagnetically radiates enough energy to quickly (in a matter of few million years) damp down the star rotation by 100 to 1000 times. Matter falling", "title": "Stellar magnetic field" }, { "id": "10448267", "text": "solar masses) that exhibit rapid, irregular variability are known as flare stars. These fluctuations are hypothesized to be caused by flares, although the activity is much stronger relative to the size of the star. The flares on this class of stars can extend up to 20% of the circumference, and radiate much of their energy in the blue and ultraviolet portion of the spectrum. Straddling the boundary between stars that undergo nuclear fusion in their cores and non-hydrogen fusing brown dwarfs are the ultracool dwarfs. These objects can emit radio waves due to their strong magnetic fields. Approximately 5-10% of", "title": "Stellar magnetic field" }, { "id": "4456586", "text": "this energy loss would be too small to be detectable, but this energy loss was observed in 1974 in a binary pulsar called PSR1913+16. In such a system, one of the orbiting stars is a pulsar. This has two consequences: a pulsar is an extremely dense object known as a neutron star, for which gravitational wave emission is much stronger than for ordinary stars. Also, a pulsar emits a narrow beam of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles. As the pulsar rotates, its beam sweeps over the Earth, where it is seen as a regular series of radio pulses, just", "title": "Introduction to general relativity" }, { "id": "4694401", "text": "PSR J0737-3039 PSR J0737−3039 is the only known double pulsar. It consists of two neutron stars emitting electromagnetic waves in the radio wavelength in a relativistic binary system. The two pulsars are known as PSR J0737−3039A and PSR J0737−3039B. It was discovered in 2003 at Australia's Parkes Observatory by an international team led by the radio astronomer Marta Burgay during a high-latitude pulsar survey. A pulsar is a neutron star which produces pulsating radio emission due to a strong magnetic field. A neutron star is the ultra-compact remnant of a massive star which exploded as a supernova. Neutron stars have", "title": "PSR J0737-3039" }, { "id": "2069227", "text": "pulsars, there are also gamma ray pulsars, which are mostly magnetars. Some radio pulsars are also optical pulsars. Aside from pulsars, another type of neutron star is also characterized by radio emissions: the rotating radio transient (RRAT). As suggested by the name, the radio emission is erratic. Quasars (quasi-stellar radio sources) are not radio stars. They also emit radio frequencies, but from the effects of supermassive black holes at the centre of galaxies. Although they appear to be stars, they are not stars, but the hyperactive heart of a galaxy. Some late-type stars can produce astrophysical masers from their atmospheres", "title": "Radio star" }, { "id": "16761358", "text": "Neutron star merger A neutron star merger is a type of stellar collision. It occurs in a fashion similar to the rare brand of type Ia supernovae resulting from merging white dwarfs. When two neutron stars orbit each other closely, they spiral inward as time passes due to gravitational radiation. When the two neutron stars meet, their merger leads to the formation of either a more massive neutron star, or a black hole (depending on whether the mass of the remnant exceeds the currently poorly known Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit). The merger can also create a magnetic field that is trillions of", "title": "Neutron star merger" }, { "id": "2069228", "text": "and beam out coherent bursts of microwaves. The Sun, the nearest star to Earth, is known to emit radio waves, though it is virtually the only regular star that has been detected in the radio spectrum, because it is so close. It is not considered a radio star because it is not a strong radio source. Some studies have found that main-sequence stars may extremely rarely emit radio waves. A 2009 survey found a maximum of 112 candidate radio stars cross-matching the FIRST and NVSS surveys, but estimated that 108 ± 13 of the samples are from \"contamination\" from background", "title": "Radio star" }, { "id": "958486", "text": "Radio wave Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light. Radio waves have frequencies as high as 300 gigahertz (GHz) to as low as 30 hertz (Hz). At 300 GHz, the corresponding wavelength is 1 mm, and at 30 Hz is 10,000 km. Like all other electromagnetic waves, radio waves travel at the speed of light. They are generated by electric charges undergoing acceleration, such as time varying electric currents. Naturally occurring radio waves are emitted by lightning and astronomical objects. Radio waves are generated artificially by transmitters and received", "title": "Radio wave" }, { "id": "4694410", "text": "test general relativity. PSR J0737-3039 PSR J0737−3039 is the only known double pulsar. It consists of two neutron stars emitting electromagnetic waves in the radio wavelength in a relativistic binary system. The two pulsars are known as PSR J0737−3039A and PSR J0737−3039B. It was discovered in 2003 at Australia's Parkes Observatory by an international team led by the radio astronomer Marta Burgay during a high-latitude pulsar survey. A pulsar is a neutron star which produces pulsating radio emission due to a strong magnetic field. A neutron star is the ultra-compact remnant of a massive star which exploded as a supernova.", "title": "PSR J0737-3039" }, { "id": "290366", "text": "Neutron stars have been observed in binaries with ordinary main-sequence stars, red giants, white dwarfs or other neutron stars. According to modern theories of binary evolution it is expected that neutron stars also exist in binary systems with black hole companions. The merger of binaries containing two neutron stars, or a neutron star and a black hole, are expected to be prime sources for the emission of detectable gravitational waves. Binary systems containing neutron stars often emit X-rays, which are emitted by hot gas as it falls towards the surface of the neutron star. The source of the gas is", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "1107759", "text": "Magnetar A magnetar is a type of neutron star believed to have an extremely powerful magnetic field (formula_1 G). The magnetic field decay powers the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays. The theory regarding these objects was proposed by Robert Duncan and Christopher Thompson in 1992, but the first recorded burst of gamma rays thought to have been from a magnetar had been detected on March 5, 1979. During the following decade, the magnetar hypothesis became widely accepted as a likely explanation for soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs). Like other neutron stars,", "title": "Magnetar" }, { "id": "290328", "text": "radiation have been detected. Soft gamma repeaters are conjectured to be a type of neutron star with very strong magnetic fields, known as magnetars, or alternatively, neutron stars with fossil disks around them. Neutron stars in binary systems can undergo accretion which typically makes the system bright in X-rays while the material falling onto the neutron star can form hotspots that rotate in and out of view in identified X-ray pulsar systems. Additionally, such accretion can \"recycle\" old pulsars and potentially cause them to gain mass and spin-up to very fast rotation rates, forming the so-called millisecond pulsars. These binary", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290361", "text": "case of millisecond pulsars. The most rapidly rotating neutron star currently known, PSR J1748-2446ad, rotates at 716 revolutions per second. A 2007 paper reported the detection of an X-ray burst oscillation, which provides an indirect measure of spin, of 1122 Hz from the neutron star XTE J1739-285, suggesting 1122 rotations a second. However, at present, this signal has only been seen once, and should be regarded as tentative until confirmed in another burst from that star. Sometimes a neutron star will undergo a glitch, a sudden small increase of its rotational speed or spin up. Glitches are thought to be", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290333", "text": "Ic supernova, and collapses into a neutron star, it retains most of its angular momentum. But, because it has only a tiny fraction of its parent's radius (and therefore its moment of inertia is sharply reduced), a neutron star is formed with very high rotation speed, and then over a very long period it slows. Neutron stars are known that have rotation periods from about 1.4 ms to 30 s. The neutron star's density also gives it very high surface gravity, with typical values ranging from 10 to 10 m/s (more than 10 times that of Earth). One measure of", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290364", "text": "cause was internal, it suggests differential rotation of solid outer crust and the superfluid component of the magnetar's inner structure. At present, there are about 2000 known neutron stars in the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds, the majority of which have been detected as radio pulsars. Neutron stars are mostly concentrated along the disk of the Milky Way although the spread perpendicular to the disk is large because the supernova explosion process can impart high translational speeds (400 km/s) to the newly formed neutron star. Some of the closest known neutron stars are RX J1856.5-3754, which is about 400", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290329", "text": "systems will continue to evolve, and eventually the companions can become compact objects such as white dwarfs or neutron stars themselves, though other possibilities include a complete destruction of the companion through ablation or merger. The merger of binary neutron stars may be the source of short-duration gamma-ray bursts and are likely strong sources of gravitational waves. In 2017, a direct detection (GW170817) of the gravitational waves from such an event was made, and gravitational waves have also been indirectly detected in a system where two neutron stars orbit each other. In October 2018, astronomers reported that GRB 150101B, a", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "14430695", "text": "European Pulsar Timing Array The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) is a European collaboration to combine five 100-m class radio-telescopes to observe an array of pulsars with the specific goal of detecting gravitational waves. It is one of three pulsar timing array projects in operation, the others being the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array and the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves. Pulsars are rapidly rotating, highly magnetised neutron stars that emit radio waves from their magnetic poles that are, due to the star's rotation, observed on Earth as a string of pulses. Due to the extremely high density of", "title": "European Pulsar Timing Array" }, { "id": "8001769", "text": "ten bodies have been proposed as rotation-powered neutron stars that are not visible as radio sources, but are visible as x–ray and gamma ray sources. Indicators that they are indeed neutron stars include them having a high x-ray to lower frequencies emission ratio, a constant x-ray emission profile, and coincidence with a gamma ray source. Quark stars, theoretical neutron star-like objects composed of quark matter, may be radio quiet, according to some theories. More plausibly, however, radio-quiet neutron stars may simply be pulsars which do not pulse in our direction. As pulsars spin, it is theorized they emit radiation from", "title": "Radio-quiet neutron star" }, { "id": "290327", "text": "surface on the order of (i.e. nearly a quarter the speed of light). There are thought to be around 100 million neutron stars in the Milky Way, a figure obtained by estimating the number of stars that have undergone supernova explosions. However, most are old and cold, and neutron stars can only be easily detected in certain instances, such as if they are a pulsar or part of a binary system. Slow-rotating and non-accreting neutron stars are almost undetectable; however, since the \"Hubble Space Telescope\" detection of RX J185635-3754, a few nearby neutron stars that appear to emit only thermal", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290354", "text": "of the neutron star is different to the magnetic axis, external viewers will only see these beams of radiation whenever the magnetic axis point towards them during the neutron star rotation. Therefore, periodic pulses are observed, at the same rate as the rotation of the neutron star. In addition to pulsars, neutron stars have also been identified with no apparent periodicity of their radiation. This seems to be a characteristic of the X-ray sources known as Central Compact Objects in Supernova remnants (CCOs in SNRs), which are thought to be young, radio-quiet isolated neutron stars. In addition to radio emissions,", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "378823", "text": "are called pulsars, and were the first neutron stars to be discovered. Though electromagnetic radiation detected from pulsars is most often in the form of radio waves, pulsars have also been detected at visible, X-ray, and gamma ray wavelengths. If the mass of the stellar remnant is high enough, the neutron degeneracy pressure will be insufficient to prevent collapse below the Schwarzschild radius. The stellar remnant thus becomes a black hole. The mass at which this occurs is not known with certainty, but is currently estimated at between 2 and . Black holes are predicted by the theory of general", "title": "Stellar evolution" }, { "id": "290356", "text": "momentum; like spinning ice skaters pulling in their arms, the slow rotation of the original star's core speeds up as it shrinks. A newborn neutron star can rotate many times a second. Over time, neutron stars slow, as their rotating magnetic fields in effect radiate energy associated with the rotation; older neutron stars may take several seconds for each revolution. This is called \"spin down\". The rate at which a neutron star slows its rotation is usually constant and very small. The periodic time (\"P\") is the rotational period, the time for one rotation of a neutron star. The spin-down", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "10475540", "text": "can have a very rapid rate of rotation; on the order of a hundred rotations per second. Pulsars are rotating neutron stars that have a magnetic field. A narrow beam of electromagnetic radiation is emitted from the poles of rotating pulsars. If the beam sweeps past the direction of the Solar System then the pulsar will produce a periodic pulse that can be detected from the Earth. The energy radiated by the magnetic field gradually slows down the rotation rate, so that older pulsars can require as long as several seconds between each pulse. A black hole is an object", "title": "Stellar rotation" }, { "id": "3040211", "text": "again), the increasing density and temperature within a carbon-oxygen white dwarf initiates a new round of nuclear fusion, which is not regulated because the star's weight is supported by degeneracy rather than thermal pressure, allowing temperature to rise exponentially. The resulting runaway carbon detonation completely blows the star apart in a Type Ia supernova. Neutron stars are formed by gravitational collapse of the cores of larger stars, and are the remnant of other types of supernova. They are so compact that a Newtonian description is inadequate for an accurate treatment, which requires the use of Einstein's general relativity. According to", "title": "Gravitational collapse" }, { "id": "596436", "text": "Gamma-ray burst In gamma-ray astronomy, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe. Bursts can last from ten milliseconds to several hours. After an initial flash of gamma rays, a longer-lived \"afterglow\" is usually emitted at longer wavelengths (X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, microwave and radio). The intense radiation of most observed GRBs is thought to be released during a supernova or superluminous supernova as a high-mass star collapses to form a neutron star or a black hole. A subclass of GRBs (the", "title": "Gamma-ray burst" }, { "id": "290362", "text": "the effect of a starquake—as the rotation of the neutron star slows, its shape becomes more spherical. Due to the stiffness of the \"neutron\" crust, this happens as discrete events when the crust ruptures, creating a starquake similar to earthquakes. After the starquake, the star will have a smaller equatorial radius, and because angular momentum is conserved, its rotational speed has increased. Starquakes occurring in magnetars, with a resulting glitch, is the leading hypothesis for the gamma-ray sources known as soft gamma repeaters. Recent work, however, suggests that a starquake would not release sufficient energy for a neutron star glitch;", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "16761359", "text": "times stronger than that of Earth in a matter of one or two milliseconds. These events are believed to create short gamma-ray bursts. The mergers are also believed to produce kilonovae, which are transient sources of fairly isotropic longer wave electromagnetic radiation due to the radioactive decay of heavy r-process nuclei that are produced and ejected during the merger process. In October 2018, astronomers reported that GRB 150101B, a gamma-ray burst event detected in 2015, may be directly related to the historic GW170817, a gravitational wave event detected in 2017, and associated with the merger of two neutron stars. The", "title": "Neutron star merger" }, { "id": "17475539", "text": "Kilonova A kilonova (also called a macronova or r-process supernova) is a transient astronomical event that occurs in a compact binary system when two neutron stars or a neutron star and a black hole merge into each other. Kilonovae are thought to emit short gamma-ray bursts and strong electromagnetic radiation due to the radioactive decay of heavy r-process nuclei that are produced and ejected fairly isotropically during the merger process. The term \"kilonova\" was introduced by Metzger \"et al.\" in 2010 to characterize the peak brightness, which they showed reaches 1000 times that of a classical nova. They are 1/10th", "title": "Kilonova" }, { "id": "12703727", "text": "could be related to HVSs and the HVS ejection mechanism. Neutron stars are the remnants of supernova explosions, and their extreme speeds are very likely the result of an asymmetric supernova explosion or the loss of their near partner during the supernova explosions that forms them. The neutron star RX J0822-4300, which was measured to move at a record speed of over 1,500 km/s (0.5% of the speed of light) in 2007 by the Chandra X-ray Observatory, is thought to have been produced the first way. Some kind of supernovas are expected to happen if a white dwarf collides with", "title": "Stellar kinematics" }, { "id": "12372690", "text": "star radius. Reality is somewhat more complicated, but this oversimplified analysis catches the essence of what is needed in order to measure the neutron star radius: distance, flux and surface temperature. Observing the star thermal emission is therefore crucial. Among all thermally emitting neutrons stars the Magnificent Seven are the only ones with a purely blackbody spectrum. Their clean thermal emission, unmarred by contamination from magnetospheric activity, a surrounding nebula or supernova remnant, makes these sources ideal targets for such a study. Despite many attempts, no radio emission is detected from these sources. The preliminary results from latest deep search", "title": "The Magnificent Seven (neutron stars)" }, { "id": "19202377", "text": "star's almost incomprehensible density causes protons and electrons to combine into neutrons—the process that gives such stars their name. The composition of their cores is unknown, but they may consist of a neutron superfluid or some unknown state of matter. Neutron stars pack an extremely strong gravitational pull, much greater than Earth's. This gravitational strength is particularly impressive because of the stars' small size. When they are formed, neutron stars rotate in space. As they compress and shrink, this spinning speeds up because of the conservation of angular momentum—the same principle that causes a spinning skater to speed up when", "title": "Astrophysical fluid dynamics" }, { "id": "290343", "text": "explanation does not fully explain magnetic field strengths of neutron stars. The gravitational field at a neutron star's surface is about times stronger than on Earth, at around . Such a strong gravitational field acts as a gravitational lens and bends the radiation emitted by the neutron star such that parts of the normally invisible rear surface become visible. If the radius of the neutron star is 3\"GM\"/\"c\" or less, then the photons may be trapped in an orbit, thus making the whole surface of that neutron star visible \"from a single vantage point\", along with destabilizing photon orbits at", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "2448047", "text": "particle accelerators. Large neutron sources are rare, and usually limited to large-sized devices such as nuclear reactors or particle accelerators, including the Spallation Neutron Source. Neutron radiation was discovered from observing an alpha particle colliding with a beryllium nucleus, which was transformed into a carbon nucleus while emitting a neutron, Be(α, n)C. The combination of an alpha particle emitter and an isotope with a large (α, n) nuclear reaction probability is still a common neutron source. The neutrons in nuclear reactors are generally categorized as slow (thermal) neutrons or fast neutrons depending on their energy. Thermal neutrons are similar in", "title": "Neutron radiation" }, { "id": "6550400", "text": "can detect. The evaporation wouldn't create radio waves directly. Instead, it would create an expanding fireball of high-energy gamma rays and particles. This fireball would interact with the surrounding magnetic field, pushing it out and generating radio waves. Rotating radio transients (RRATs) are a type of neutron stars discovered in 2006 by a team led by Maura McLaughlin from the Jodrell Bank Observatory at the University of Manchester in the UK. RRATs are believed to produce radio emissions which are very difficult to locate, because of their transient nature. Early efforts have been able to detect radio emissions (sometimes called", "title": "Astropulse" }, { "id": "290374", "text": "Centaurus, Cen X-3. They interpreted this as resulting from a rotating hot neutron star. The energy source is gravitational and results from a rain of gas falling onto the surface of the neutron star from a companion star or the interstellar medium. In 1974, Antony Hewish was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics \"for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars\" without Jocelyn Bell who shared in the discovery. In 1974, Joseph Taylor and Russell Hulse discovered the first binary pulsar, PSR B1913+16, which consists of two neutron stars (one seen as a pulsar) orbiting around their center of", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "364440", "text": "\"new stars\" where none seemingly existed before. A supernova explosion blows away the star's outer layers, leaving a remnant such as the Crab Nebula. The core is compressed into a neutron star, which sometimes manifests itself as a pulsar or X-ray burster. In the case of the largest stars, the remnant is a black hole greater than 4 . In a neutron star the matter is in a state known as neutron-degenerate matter, with a more exotic form of degenerate matter, QCD matter, possibly present in the core. Within a black hole, the matter is in a state that is", "title": "Star" }, { "id": "290353", "text": "towards the plane of curvature. In addition, high energy photons can interact with lower energy photons and the magnetic field for electron-positron pair production, which through electron–positron annihilation leads to further high energy photons. The radiation emanating from the magnetic poles of neutron stars can be described as \"magnetospheric radiation\", in reference to the magnetosphere of the neutron star. It is not to be confused with \"magnetic dipole radiation\", which is emitted because the magnetic axis is not aligned with the rotational axis, with a radiation frequency the same as the neutron star's rotational frequency. If the axis of rotation", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "15351807", "text": "radio and satellite communications. Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light. Like all other electromagnetic waves, they travel at the speed of light. Naturally occurring radio waves are made by lightning, or by astronomical objects. Artificially generated radio waves are used for fixed and mobile radio communication, broadcasting, radar and other navigation systems, satellite communication, computer networks and innumerable other applications. Different frequencies of radio waves have different propagation characteristics in the Earth's atmosphere; long waves may cover a part of the Earth very consistently, shorter waves can reflect", "title": "Non-ionizing radiation" }, { "id": "6419468", "text": "Urca process In astroparticle physics, an Urca process is a reaction which emits a neutrino and which is assumed to take part in cooling processes in neutron stars and white dwarfs. The process was first discussed by George Gamow and Mário Schenberg while they were visiting a casino named Cassino da Urca in Rio de Janeiro. Schenberg is reported to have said to Gamow that \"the energy disappears in the nucleus of the supernova as quickly as the money disappeared at that roulette table\". In Gamow's South Russian dialect, \"urca\" () can also mean a robber or gangster. The direct", "title": "Urca process" }, { "id": "290324", "text": "hold up an object beyond 0.7 and repulsive nuclear forces play a larger role in supporting more massive neutron stars.If the remnant star has a mass exceeding the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit, it continues collapsing to form a black hole. Neutron stars that can be observed are very hot and typically have a surface temperature of around . They are so dense that a normal-sized matchbox containing neutron-star material would have a weight of approximately 3 billion tonnes, the same weight as a 0.5 cubic kilometre chunk of the Earth (a cube with edges of about 800 metres). Their magnetic fields are", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "15028181", "text": "PSR J1614–2230 PSR J1614–2230 is a neutron star in a binary system with a white dwarf. It was discovered in 2006 with the Parkes telescope in a survey of unidentified gamma ray sources in the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope catalog. PSR J1614–2230 is a millisecond pulsar, a type of neutron star, that spins on its axis roughly 317 times per second, corresponding to a period of 3.15 milliseconds. Like all pulsars, it emits radiation in a beam, similar to a lighthouse. Emission from PSR J1614–2230 is observed as pulses at the spin period of PSR J1614–2230. The pulsed nature", "title": "PSR J1614–2230" }, { "id": "8001771", "text": "jet emanating from the star blasting through outer material such as a cloud or accretion material. Note some radio quiet neutron stars listed in this article do not have accretion material. Magnetars, the most widely accepted explanation for soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), are often characterized as being radio-quiet. However, magnetars can produce radio emissions, but the radio spectrums tend to be flat, with only intermittent broad pulses of variable length. Can be classified as \"XDINS\" (X-ray Dim Isolated Neutron Stars), \"XTINS\" (X-ray Thermal Isolated Neutron Stars), \"XINS\" (X-ray Isolated Neutron Stars), \"TEINS\" (Thermally Emitting Neutron", "title": "Radio-quiet neutron star" }, { "id": "19202378", "text": "she pulls in her arms. These stars gradually slow down over the eons, but those bodies that are still spinning rapidly may emit radiation that from Earth appears to blink on and off as the star spins, like the beam of light from a turning lighthouse. This \"pulsing\" appearance gives some neutron stars the name pulsars. After spinning for several million years pulsars are drained of their energy and become normal neutron stars. Few of the known existing neutron stars are pulsars. Only about 1,000 pulsars are known to exist, though there may be hundreds of millions of old neutron", "title": "Astrophysical fluid dynamics" }, { "id": "868029", "text": "Radio astronomy Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies. The first detection of radio waves from an astronomical object was in 1932, when Karl Jansky at Bell Telephone Laboratories observed radiation coming from the Milky Way. Subsequent observations have identified a number of different sources of radio emission. These include stars and galaxies, as well as entirely new classes of objects, such as radio galaxies, quasars, pulsars, and masers. The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation, regarded as evidence for the Big Bang theory, was made through radio astronomy. Radio astronomy is", "title": "Radio astronomy" }, { "id": "8881017", "text": "fast. In addition, the planet distorts the shape of the star more if it has a low semi-major axis to stellar radius ratio and the density of the star is low. This makes this method suitable for finding planets around stars that have left the main sequence. A pulsar is a neutron star: the small, ultradense remnant of a star that has exploded as a supernova. Pulsars emit radio waves extremely regularly as they rotate. Because the intrinsic rotation of a pulsar is so regular, slight anomalies in the timing of its observed radio pulses can be used to track", "title": "Methods of detecting exoplanets" }, { "id": "290363", "text": "it has been suggested that glitches may instead be caused by transitions of vortices in the theoretical superfluid core of the neutron star from one metastable energy state to a lower one, thereby releasing energy that appears as an increase in the rotation rate. An \"anti-glitch\", a sudden small decrease in rotational speed, or spin down, of a neutron star has also been reported. It occurred in a magnetar, that in one case produced an X-ray luminosity increase of a factor of 20, and a significant spin-down rate change. Current neutron star models do not predict this behavior. If the", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290334", "text": "such immense gravity is the fact that neutron stars have an escape velocity ranging from 100,000 km/s to 150,000 km/s, that is, from a third to half the speed of light. The neutron star's gravity accelerates infalling matter to tremendous speed. The force of its impact would likely destroy the object's component atoms, rendering all the matter identical, in most respects, to the rest of the neutron star. A neutron star has a mass of at least 1.1 and perhaps up to 3 solar masses (). The maximum observed mass of neutron stars is about . But in general, compact", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "8001749", "text": "Quark-nova A quark-nova is the hypothetical violent explosion resulting from the conversion of a neutron star to a quark star. Analogous to a supernova heralding the birth of a neutron star, a quark nova signals the creation of a quark star. The term quark-novae was coined in 2002 by Dr. Rachid Ouyed (currently at University of Calgary, Canada) and Drs. J. Dey and M. Dey (Calcutta University, India). When a neutron star spins down, it may convert to a quark star through a process known as quark deconfinement. The resultant star would have quark matter in its interior. The process", "title": "Quark-nova" }, { "id": "726972", "text": "caused by a white dwarf or a star core reaching a certain mass/density limit, the Chandrasekhar limit, causing the object to collapse in a fraction of a second. This collapse \"bounces\" and causes the star to explode and emit this enormous energy quantity. The outer layers of these stars are blown away at speeds of many thousands of kilometers an hour. The expelled matter may form nebulae called \"supernova remnants\". A well-known example of such a nebula is the Crab Nebula, left over from a supernova that was observed in China and North America in 1054. The core of the", "title": "Variable star" }, { "id": "13598850", "text": "Interplanetary scintillation In astronomy, interplanetary scintillation refers to random fluctuations in the intensity of radio waves of celestial origin, on the timescale of a few seconds. It is analogous to the twinkling one sees looking at stars in the sky at night, but in the radio part of the electromagnetic spectrum rather than the visible one. Interplanetary scintillation is the result of radio waves traveling through fluctuations in the density of the electron and protons that make up the solar wind. Scintillation in radio waves due to the ionosphere was observed as early as 1951 by Antony Hewish, and he", "title": "Interplanetary scintillation" }, { "id": "290331", "text": "mass of the sun () has the potential to produce a neutron star. As the star evolves away from the main sequence, subsequent nuclear burning produces an iron-rich core. When all nuclear fuel in the core has been exhausted, the core must be supported by degeneracy pressure alone. Further deposits of mass from shell burning cause the core to exceed the Chandrasekhar limit. Electron-degeneracy pressure is overcome and the core collapses further, sending temperatures soaring to over . At these temperatures, photodisintegration (the breaking up of iron nuclei into alpha particles by high-energy gamma rays) occurs. As the temperature climbs", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "19202376", "text": "stars that grew to four to eight times the size of our own sun before exploding in catastrophic supernovae. After such an explosion blows a star's outer layers into space, the core remains—but it no longer produces nuclear fusion. With no outward pressure from fusion to counterbalance gravity's inward pull, the star condenses and collapses in upon itself. Despite their small diameters—about 12.5 miles (20 kilometers)—neutron stars boast nearly 1.5 times the mass of our sun, and are thus incredibly dense. Just a sugar cube of neutron star matter would weigh about one hundred million tons on Earth. A neutron", "title": "Astrophysical fluid dynamics" }, { "id": "5986884", "text": "of hydrogen in space gas makes the presence of these radio waves prominent. Russian Luna 9 probe makes the first successful soft landing on the Moon in January, while the US lands the far more complex Surveyor missions, which follows up to NASA's Ranger series of crash-landers, scout sites for possible manned landings. Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish detected the first pulsar, an object emitting regular pulses of radio waves. Pulsars are eventually recognized as rapidly spinning neutron stars with intense magnetic fields - the remains of a supernova explosion. NASA's Apollo 8 mission becomes the first human spaceflight", "title": "Timeline of astronomy" }, { "id": "1107771", "text": "with six more candidates awaiting confirmation. A full listing is given in the McGill SGR/AXP Online Catalog. Examples of known magnetars include: Unusually bright supernovae are thought to result from the death of very large stars as pair-instability supernovae (or pulsational pair-instability supernovae). However, recent research by astronomers has postulated that energy released from newly formed magnetars into the surrounding supernova remnants may be responsible for some of the brightest supernovae, such as SN 2005ap and SN 2008es. Magnetar A magnetar is a type of neutron star believed to have an extremely powerful magnetic field (formula_1 G). The magnetic field", "title": "Magnetar" }, { "id": "285825", "text": "produces. One of the best examples of this is the Crab Nebula, in Taurus. The supernova event was recorded in the year 1054 and is labeled SN 1054. The compact object that was created after the explosion lies in the center of the Crab Nebula and its core is now a neutron star. Still, other nebulae form as planetary nebulae. This is the final stage of a low-mass star's life, like Earth's Sun. Stars with a mass up to 8–10 solar masses evolve into red giants and slowly lose their outer layers during pulsations in their atmospheres. When a star", "title": "Nebula" }, { "id": "5986878", "text": "to compare photos taken several nights apart. Karl Jansky detects the first radio waves coming from space. In 1942, radio waves from the Sun are detected. Seven years later radio astronomers identify the first distant source - the Crab Nebula, and the galaxies Centaurus A and M87. German physicist Hans Bethe explains how stars generate energy. He outlines a series of nuclear fusion reactions that turn hydrogen into helium and release enormous amounts of energy in a star's core. These reactions use the star's hydrogen very slowly, allowing it to burn for billions of years. A team of German scientists", "title": "Timeline of astronomy" }, { "id": "290367", "text": "the companion star, the outer layers of which can be stripped off by the gravitational force of the neutron star if the two stars are sufficiently close. As the neutron star accretes this gas its mass can increase; if enough mass is accreted the neutron star may collapse into a black hole. Binaries containing two neutron stars are observed to shrink as gravitational waves are emitted. Ultimately the neutron stars will come into contact and coalesce. The coalescence of binary neutron stars is one of the leading models for the origin of short gamma-ray bursts. Strong evidence for this model", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "4955909", "text": "Neutron activation Neutron activation is the process in which neutron radiation induces radioactivity in materials, and occurs when atomic nuclei capture free neutrons, becoming heavier and entering excited states. The excited nucleus often decays immediately by emitting gamma rays, or particles such as beta particles, alpha particles, fission products, and neutrons (in nuclear fission). Thus, the process of neutron capture, even after any intermediate decay, often results in the formation of an unstable activation product. Such radioactive nuclei can exhibit half-lives ranging from small fractions of a second to many years. Neutron activation is the only common way that a", "title": "Neutron activation" }, { "id": "370157", "text": "Ic supernovae are associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRB), though it is also believed that any hydrogen-stripped Type Ib or Ic supernova could produce a GRB, depending on the circumstances of the geometry. The mechanism for producing this type of GRB is the jets produced by the magnetic field of the rapidly spinning magnetar formed at the collapsing core of the star. The jets would also transfer energy into the expanding outer shell, producing a super-luminous supernova. Ultra-stripped supernovae occur when the exploding star has been stripped (almost) all the way to the metal core, via mass transfer in a close", "title": "Supernova" }, { "id": "290375", "text": "mass. Einstein's general theory of relativity predicts that massive objects in short binary orbits should emit gravitational waves, and thus that their orbit should decay with time. This was indeed observed, precisely as general relativity predicts, and in 1993, Taylor and Hulse were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery. In 1982, Don Backer and colleagues discovered the first millisecond pulsar, PSR B1937+21. This object spins 642 times per second, a value that placed fundamental constraints on the mass and radius of neutron stars. Many millisecond pulsars were later discovered, but PSR B1937+21 remained the fastest-spinning known pulsar", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "290365", "text": "light years from Earth, and PSR J0108-1431 at about 424 light years. RX J1856.5-3754 is a member of a close group of neutron stars called The Magnificent Seven. Another nearby neutron star that was detected transiting the backdrop of the constellation Ursa Minor has been nicknamed Calvera by its Canadian and American discoverers, after the villain in the 1960 film \"The Magnificent Seven\". This rapidly moving object was discovered using the ROSAT/Bright Source Catalog. About 5% of all known neutron stars are members of a binary system. The formation and evolution of binary neutron stars can be a complex process.", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "6693362", "text": "Pulsar kick A pulsar kick is the name of the phenomenon that often causes a neutron star to move with a different, usually substantially greater, velocity than its progenitor star. The cause of pulsar kicks is unknown, but many astrophysicists believe that it must be due to an asymmetry in the way a supernova explodes. If true, this would give information about the supernova mechanism. It is generally accepted today that the average pulsar kick ranges from 200–500 km/s. However, some pulsars have a much greater velocity. For example, the hypervelocity star B1508+55 has been reported to have a speed", "title": "Pulsar kick" }, { "id": "1107765", "text": "intense transient fields during coalescence of pairs of neutron stars. When in a supernova, a star collapses to a neutron star, and its magnetic field increases dramatically in strength. Halving a linear dimension increases the magnetic field fourfold. Duncan and Thompson calculated that when the spin, temperature and magnetic field of a newly formed neutron star falls into the right ranges, a dynamo mechanism could act, converting heat and rotational energy into magnetic energy and increasing the magnetic field, normally an already enormous 10 teslas, to more than 10 teslas (or 10 gauss). The result is a \"magnetar\". It is", "title": "Magnetar" }, { "id": "1680984", "text": "the most widely accepted model has been that the lobes or plumes are powered by \"beams\" of high-energy particles and magnetic field coming from close to the active nucleus. The jets are believed to be the visible manifestations of the beams, and often the term \"jet\" is used to refer both to the observable feature and to the underlying flow. In 1974, radio sources were divided by Fanaroff and Riley into two classes, now known as Fanaroff and Riley Class I (FRI), and Class II (FRII). The distinction was originally made based on the morphology of the large-scale radio emission", "title": "Radio galaxy" }, { "id": "350073", "text": "the process. Those two gamma photons will be traveling in (approximately) opposite direction. The gamma radiation from positron annihilation consists of high energy photons, and is also ionizing. Neutrons are categorized according to their speed/energy. Neutron radiation consists of free neutrons. These neutrons may be emitted during either spontaneous or induced nuclear fission. Neutrons are rare radiation particles; they are produced in large numbers only where chain reaction fission or fusion reactions are active; this happens for about 10 microseconds in a thermonuclear explosion, or continuously inside an operating nuclear reactor; production of the neutrons stops almost immediately in the", "title": "Radiation" }, { "id": "11246104", "text": "RX J0822-4300 RX J0822-4300, often referred to as a \"Cosmic Cannonball\", is a radio-quiet neutron star currently moving away from the center of the Puppis A supernova remnant at over 3 million miles per hour (5 400 000 km/h; 1500 km/s; ~0.5% the speed of light), making it one of the fastest moving stars ever found. Astronomers used NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to observe the star over a period of five years to determine its speed. At this velocity the star will be ejected from the galaxy millions of years from now. Although the cosmic cannonball is not the only", "title": "RX J0822-4300" }, { "id": "350086", "text": "lower boundary at 1 GHz (30 cm), and the upper around 100 GHz (3mm). Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light. Like all other electromagnetic waves, they travel at the speed of light. Naturally occurring radio waves are made by lightning, or by certain astronomical objects. Artificially generated radio waves are used for fixed and mobile radio communication, broadcasting, radar and other navigation systems, satellite communication, computer networks and innumerable other applications. In addition, almost any wire carrying alternating current will radiate some of the energy away as radio", "title": "Radiation" }, { "id": "1638447", "text": "minutes, 42 seconds. Free neutrons decay by emission of an electron and an electron antineutrino to become a proton, a process known as beta decay: In the adjacent diagram, a neutron collides with a proton of the target material, and then becomes a fast recoil proton that ionizes in turn. At the end of its path, the neutron is captured by a nucleus in an (n,γ)-reaction that leads to the emission of a neutron capture photon. Such photons always have enough energy to qualify as ionizing radiation. Neutron radiation, alpha radiation, and extremely energetic gamma (> ~20 MeV) can cause", "title": "Ionizing radiation" }, { "id": "3673794", "text": "and tears it apart in a large supernova explosion. The remains of this core will eventually become a neutron star. The collapse produces two reactions: one breaks apart iron nuclei into 13 helium atoms and 4 neutrons, absorbing energy; and the second produces a wave of neutrinos that form a shock wave. While all models agree that there is a convective shock, there is disagreement as to how important that shock is to the supernova explosion. In the convective overturn model, the core collapses faster and faster, exceeding the speed of sound inside the star, and producing a supersonic shock", "title": "Convective overturn" }, { "id": "13999120", "text": "pulsars, or if some or all pulsars go through a magnetar phase during their life cycles. NASA's Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) has revealed that the youngest known pulsing neutron star has thrown a temper tantrum. The collapsed star occasionally unleashes powerful bursts of X-rays, which are forcing astronomers to rethink the life cycle of neutron stars. \"We are watching one type of neutron star literally change into another right before our very eyes. This is a long-sought missing link between different types of pulsars\", says Fotis Gavriil of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and the University", "title": "Astrophysical X-ray source" }, { "id": "350077", "text": "wherein neutrons cause emission of high-energy protons from atomic nuclei (especially hydrogen nuclei) on impact. The last process imparts most of the neutron's energy to the proton, much like one billiard ball striking another. The charged protons and other products from such reactions are directly ionizing. High-energy neutrons are very penetrating and can travel great distances in air (hundreds or even thousands of meters) and moderate distances (several meters) in common solids. They typically require hydrogen rich shielding, such as concrete or water, to block them within distances of less than a meter. A common source of neutron radiation occurs", "title": "Radiation" }, { "id": "3075729", "text": "mm (0.039 in), and at 3 kHz is 100 km (62 mi). Like all other electromagnetic waves, they travel at the speed of light. Naturally occurring radio waves are generated by lightning, or by astronomical objects. Artificially generated radio waves are used for fixed and mobile radio communication, broadcasting, radar and other navigation systems, communications satellites, computer networks and innumerable other applications. Radio waves are generated by radio transmitters and received by radio receivers. Different frequencies of radio waves have different propagation characteristics in the Earth's atmosphere; long waves can diffract around obstacles like mountains and follow the contour of", "title": "Radio spectrum" }, { "id": "15042771", "text": "they meet, their merger leads to the formation of either a heavier neutron star or a black hole, depending on whether the mass of the remnant exceeds the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit. This creates a magnetic field that is trillions of times stronger than that of Earth, in a matter of one or two milliseconds. Astronomers believe that this type of event is what creates short gamma-ray bursts and kilonovae. If a neutron star collides with red giant of sufficiently low mass and density, both can survive in the form of a peculiar hybrid known as Thorne–Żytkow object, with a neutron star", "title": "Stellar collision" }, { "id": "10448262", "text": "very viscous (resulting in turbulent differential motion), the reversal of the magnetic field may not be very periodic. This is the case with the Earth's magnetic field, which is generated by turbulent currents in a viscous outer core. Starspots are regions of intense magnetic activity on the surface of a star. (On the Sun they are termed sunspots.) These form a visible component of magnetic flux tubes that are formed within a star's convection zone. Due to the differential rotation of the star, the tube becomes curled up and stretched, inhibiting convection and producing zones of lower than normal temperature.", "title": "Stellar magnetic field" }, { "id": "290344", "text": "or below the 1 radius distance of the star. A fraction of the mass of a star that collapses to form a neutron star is released in the supernova explosion from which it forms (from the law of mass–energy equivalence, ). The energy comes from the gravitational binding energy of a neutron star. Hence, the gravitational force of a typical neutron star is huge. If an object were to fall from a height of one meter on a neutron star 12 kilometers in radius, it would reach the ground at around 1400 kilometers per second. However, even before impact, the", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "265909", "text": "Meteorite A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface of a planet or moon. When the object enters the atmosphere, various factors such as friction, pressure, and chemical interactions with the atmospheric gases cause it to heat up and radiate that energy. It then becomes a meteor and forms a fireball, also known as a shooting star or falling star; astronomers call the brightest examples \"bolides\". Meteorites vary greatly in size. For geologists, a", "title": "Meteorite" }, { "id": "290368", "text": "came from the observation of a kilonova associated with the short-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 130603B, and finally confirmed by detection of gravitational wave GW170817 and short GRB 170817A by LIGO, Virgo and 70 observatories covering the electromagnetic spectrum observed the event. The light emitted in the kilonova is believed to come from the radioactive decay of material ejected in the merger of the two neutron stars. This material may be responsible for the production of many of the chemical elements beyond iron, as opposed to the supernova nucleosynthesis theory. Neutron stars can host exoplanets. These can be original, circumbinary, captured,", "title": "Neutron star" }, { "id": "13999117", "text": "100,000 light-years long, and a large cavity in the hot gas caused by a major eruption 70 million years ago. The galaxy also contains a notable active galactic nucleus (AGN) that is a strong source of multiwavelength radiation, particularly radio waves. A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field, the decay of which powers the emission of copious amounts of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays. The theory regarding these objects was proposed by Robert Duncan and Christopher Thompson in 1992, but the first recorded burst of gamma rays thought to have", "title": "Astrophysical X-ray source" }, { "id": "364465", "text": "space as both electromagnetic radiation and particle radiation. The particle radiation emitted by a star is manifested as the stellar wind, which streams from the outer layers as electrically charged protons and alpha and beta particles. Although almost massless, there also exists a steady stream of neutrinos emanating from the star's core. The production of energy at the core is the reason stars shine so brightly: every time two or more atomic nuclei fuse together to form a single atomic nucleus of a new heavier element, gamma ray photons are released from the nuclear fusion product. This energy is converted", "title": "Star" }, { "id": "9206203", "text": "from the explosion. This is because gravitational waves are generated by a changing quadrupole moment, which can happen only when there is asymmetrical movement of masses. Since the exact mechanism by which supernovae take place is not fully understood, it is not easy to model the gravitational radiation emitted by them. As noted above, a mass distribution will emit gravitational radiation only when there is spherically asymmetric motion among the masses. A spinning neutron star will generally emit no gravitational radiation because neutron stars are highly dense objects with a strong gravitational field that keeps them almost perfectly spherical. In", "title": "Gravitational wave" } ]	a spinning neutron star that appears to give off radio waves is called a
[ "Don Diamont" ]	[ { "id": "8124820", "text": "Brad Carlton Brad Carlton is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", portrayed by Don Diamont. The character became a mainstay on the series for over ten years. He was known for his relationships with Traci Abbott, Ashley Abbott and Victoria Newman, as well as his business rivalries with Jack Abbott and Victor Newman. In 2009, the character drowned in a frozen lake. Don Diamont portrayed the role of Brad for the character's entire run on the series. He first appeared on April 7, 1985, as the new Abbott family gardener. In 1993, the", "title": "Brad Carlton" }, { "id": "5963740", "text": "with the show for a year. Diamont is best known for his portrayal of opportunistic businessman Brad Carlton on \"The Young and the Restless\". He initially joined the show in 1985 and left the cast in 1996, but returned in 1998, remaining on the show until his character was killed off in early 2009. On March 5, 2009 it was announced that Diamont would be joining the cast of the CBS daytime drama \"The Bold and the Beautiful\" in the contract role of Bill Spencer Jr. His first air date was May 12, 2009. \"Don is a versatile actor with", "title": "Don Diamont" }, { "id": "5963739", "text": "Don Diamont Don Diamont (born Donald Feinberg; December 31, 1962) is an American actor. His best known roles include Brad Carlton on \"The Young and the Restless\" and Bill Spencer Jr. on \"The Bold and the Beautiful\". In 1990, Diamont was chosen as one of the 50 most beautiful people in the world by \"People Magazine\", becoming the first daytime actor to receive the honor. After several years as a successful model, Diamont's first major acting role was as Carlo Forenza on \"Days of Our Lives\". He joined the cast in 1984 after being hired by Ken Corday, and was", "title": "Don Diamont" }, { "id": "5963744", "text": "on \"The Young and the Restless\" (head written by Lynn Marie Latham & Scott Hamner) has paralleled his personal life in some ways. The show has revealed that the persona of \"Brad Carlton\" is actually \"George Kaplan.\" (For dramatic purposes, the show has explained this by disclosing that George/Brad had to hide his past, and his Jewishness, for his own safety.) Don Diamont Don Diamont (born Donald Feinberg; December 31, 1962) is an American actor. His best known roles include Brad Carlton on \"The Young and the Restless\" and Bill Spencer Jr. on \"The Bold and the Beautiful\". In 1990,", "title": "Don Diamont" }, { "id": "8124821", "text": "role was temporarily recast to Russell Todd. The character also briefly crossed over to \"The Bold and the Beautiful\" that same year. He departed in 1996, and returned after two years on July 28, 1998. Ten years later in December 2008, news broke that Diamont had been let go from \"The Young and the Restless\". Fellow cast member Eric Braeden, who portrays Victor Newman, spoke out on Diamont's firing, saying: Diamont shot his final scenes for the series in January 2009, and his final airdate was on February 5 when he drowned after falling in a frozen lake. Shortly after,", "title": "Brad Carlton" }, { "id": "8124833", "text": "appearance was several months later when he appeared to his daughter, Colleen, as she herself was drowning in the same lake while trying to escape the clutches of the demented Patty Williams. Brad Carlton Brad Carlton is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", portrayed by Don Diamont. The character became a mainstay on the series for over ten years. He was known for his relationships with Traci Abbott, Ashley Abbott and Victoria Newman, as well as his business rivalries with Jack Abbott and Victor Newman. In 2009, the character drowned in a frozen", "title": "Brad Carlton" }, { "id": "8152922", "text": "head writer and executive producer Bradley Bell allowed Don Diamont to return to \"The Young and the Restless\" as Colleen's deceased father, Brad, as one of the visions Colleen has while unconscious. Diamont currently portrays \"The Bold and the Beautiful's\" Bill Spencer, Jr. \"In order to accommodate contract constraints and actors' availability, we were writing scenes that were shot the following week, which is very unusual,\" said \"The Young and the Restless's\" co-headwriter Scott Hamner. \"The appearance of Don gave a depth of feeling to the show that would not have been possible without him.\" During the taping of Colleen's", "title": "Colleen Carlton" }, { "id": "16372939", "text": "Brad Carlton, was killed, George took his identity and moved to Genoa City, with Rebecca still in hiding. In July 2006, \"Brad,\" now in his forties, finally told his then-wife, Victoria Newman, and his daughter Colleen, about his past and his true identity, and introduced them to Rebecca, whom they had believed to be dead. Rebecca continues to stay in hiding, even during Brad's untimely death, when she could not leave hiding in order to come to his funeral. Adrian Korbel first appeared on September 18, 2006 portrayed by Eyal Podell. He departed nearly two years later on August 5,", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s)" }, { "id": "8152908", "text": "Colleen Carlton Colleen Carlton is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", last portrayed by Tammin Sursok. The character was born onscreen during the episode airing on March 5, 1992, as the daughter of Brad Carlton (Don Diamont) and Traci Abbott (Beth Maitland). After leaving the soap opera three years later, the character returned as a teenager in 2001, portrayed by Lyndsy Fonseca, who remained in the role until 2005. The following year, the role was recast with Adrianne León, who portrayed the character for a year until Sursok took over. Colleen died", "title": "Colleen Carlton" }, { "id": "16057605", "text": "the 2018 film, \"Love, Once and Always\" for Hallmark. Peter Porte Peter Porte (born March 31, 1985) is an American actor, known for the soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", two short films \"It's Not Porn...\" and \"Sutures\", and the sitcom \"Baby Daddy\" playing Brad Walker, who is married to Bonnie Wheeler. He graduated at New York University’s Tisch School of the Arts in 2006 with a degree in Drama and Journalism. Porte grew up in Greenwood Lake, New York and always wanted to be an actor. Porte first got into acting in the third grade when he appeared", "title": "Peter Porte" }, { "id": "16057601", "text": "Peter Porte Peter Porte (born March 31, 1985) is an American actor, known for the soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", two short films \"It's Not Porn...\" and \"Sutures\", and the sitcom \"Baby Daddy\" playing Brad Walker, who is married to Bonnie Wheeler. He graduated at New York University’s Tisch School of the Arts in 2006 with a degree in Drama and Journalism. Porte grew up in Greenwood Lake, New York and always wanted to be an actor. Porte first got into acting in the third grade when he appeared in a Christopher Columbus pageant. According to Porte, he", "title": "Peter Porte" }, { "id": "10380982", "text": "involved in a love triangle with her rival Lauren and rock star Danny Romalotti (Michael Damian), before marrying gardener-turned-business executive Brad Carlton (Don Diamont). The Abbott and Newman family rivalry is further put the test in 2010 after Billy Abbott and Victoria Newman marry. A relatively controversial fixture on the show for several decades was Bell's daughter, Lauralee. Lauralee debuted in 1983 in a bit part as Christine \"Cricket\" Blair. As Lauralee grew up, her character became more and more prominent, to the point where in 1988 storylines had four different men in love with her. Longtime fan favorite Terry", "title": "The Young and the Restless storylines" }, { "id": "16367474", "text": "with Michael and Christine. Soon after, Lynne leaves town to visit her mother. Lisa Mansfield first appeared in April 1988. She is the first ex-wife of Brad Carlton. She was portrayed by Lynne Harbaugh until March 3, 1989. History<br> Lisa and Brad married in 1982, but Brad divorced Lisa in 1983 after her father, who disapproved of their marriage, paid Brad a large sum of money to divorce his daughter. In 1988, Lisa resurfaced in Brad's life, who was now married to Traci Abbott, and Lisa offered Brad a lucrative job in Chicago. When Brad declined and instead accepted a", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s)" }, { "id": "8152934", "text": "promise Colleen she would live her life for the both of them.\" \"Soap Opera Digest\" named the story Editors' Choice for the week, praising it as a \"chilling, rich and game-changing coda to this wrenching family tragedy\" and a \"fitting tribute to the lost Colleen.\" Colleen Carlton Colleen Carlton is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", last portrayed by Tammin Sursok. The character was born onscreen during the episode airing on March 5, 1992, as the daughter of Brad Carlton (Don Diamont) and Traci Abbott (Beth Maitland). After leaving the soap opera", "title": "Colleen Carlton" }, { "id": "16368777", "text": "get over Brad and proposed with a ruby ring, but she gently told Brock that she wasn't ready. Brad later returned, his eyesight restored by a risky operation, but Leslie rejected him, and he again left town. An original core character first appearing on March 26, 1973, Stuart Brooks was portrayed by Robert Colbert and is known for his marriages to Jill Foster and her mother, Liz. He made his last appearance in 1983, and was said to have died off-screen in 1984. Stuart ran the city newspaper, the Genoa City Chronicle, and was married to Jennifer Brooks, with whom", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)" }, { "id": "16372937", "text": "19, Lorna Raver at joined the role. The character wasn't seen past February 2007. Rebecca was introduced prior to her first appearance as \"a woman who holds a key to the mystery of Brad's past.\" She is the mother of the late Brad Carlton and the grandmother of the late Colleen Carlton. History<br> In 1943, Rebecca's family members were killed by Nazis during World War II, and Rebecca was put to work in a concentration camp, cataloging stolen Jewish artworks. Rebecca escaped and testified at war crime trials against the commandant, who was sentenced to death. She also returned all", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s)" }, { "id": "1667632", "text": "Barry Bostwick Barry Knapp Bostwick (born February 24, 1945) is an American stage and screen actor and singer. He is best known for portraying Brad Majors in the musical comedy horror \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\" (1975) and Mayor Randall Winston in the sitcom \"Spin City\" (1996–2002). Bostwick has also had considerable success in musical theatre, winning a Tony Award for his role in the musical \"The Robber Bridegroom\". Bostwick was born in San Mateo, California. He is the son of Elizabeth \"Betty\" (née Defendorf), a housewife, and Henry \"Bud\" Bostwick, a city planner and actor. His only sibling, Henry", "title": "Barry Bostwick" }, { "id": "19939245", "text": "his former girls, while he threatened Abby and Scott Grainger. The Young and the Restless characters (2017) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2017, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Mal Young and co-executive producer/head writer Sally Sussman. In October 2017, Sussman departed as co-executive producer and head writer; Young remained as executive producer and was promoted as head writer. Alex Dettmer,", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2017)" }, { "id": "1667641", "text": "In 2004, he won the Gilda Radner Courage Award from the Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Barry Bostwick Barry Knapp Bostwick (born February 24, 1945) is an American stage and screen actor and singer. He is best known for portraying Brad Majors in the musical comedy horror \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\" (1975) and Mayor Randall Winston in the sitcom \"Spin City\" (1996–2002). Bostwick has also had considerable success in musical theatre, winning a Tony Award for his role in the musical \"The Robber Bridegroom\". Bostwick was born in San Mateo, California. He is the son of Elizabeth \"Betty\" (née Defendorf),", "title": "Barry Bostwick" }, { "id": "19941689", "text": "A Martinez. Martinez made her debut on March 1. Meredith Gates, portrayed by Alicia Coppola is introduced as a doctor attending to Victor Newman (Eric Braeden) who is in prison on April 13. Travis Crawford, portrayed by Michael Roark, is introduced on April 29 as the owner of \"Hank's Dive Bar\" which is frequented by Victoria Newman (Amelia Heinle). Roark vacated the role on December 6. Bethany Bryant, portrayed by Chrishell Stause, was introduced May 25 as a waitress at Billy Abbott's (Jason Thompson) restaurant. Stause was best known to daytime fans as Amanda Dillon on \"All My Children\" and", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2016)" }, { "id": "16347439", "text": "1992, and would later be known as the husband of Traci Abbott. The role was originated by Greg Wrangler until August 1992, and again from 1993 to 1996. The character returned from September 21 to December 17, 2001, and again from September 21 to October 9, 2009. History<br> Steve Connelly was the publisher of Traci Abbott's book. He moved to Genoa City to help Traci out with writing. The two bonded and soon started a relationship, which caused her ex-husband, Brad Carlton, to become jealous. Traci eventually decided to leave town and go to New York with Steve and her", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1990s)" }, { "id": "9761140", "text": "Leigh Ann Orsi Leigh Ann Orsi (born May 15, 1981 in California) is an American dancer and former actress. She is best known for playing Brad's (Zachery Ty Bryan) second girlfriend, Ashley, on the sitcom \"Home Improvement\". Also featured as Hannah in the 1994 film, \"The Favor\" starring Brad Pitt. She also appeared for one season on the drama \"Life Goes On\", as Zoe, Becka (Kellie Martin) and Corky's (Chris Burke) cousin. Her last acting credit was the 1994 film \"Pet Shop\". Her younger sister Ginger Orsi is also a former actress. She was also on season 2 of The", "title": "Leigh Ann Orsi" }, { "id": "18490308", "text": "The Young and the Restless characters (2015) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2015, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and co-executive producer/head writer Charles Pratt, Jr. Marco Annicelli was a primary antagonist in Victor Newman's plan to bring down his rival, Jack Abbott. He was portrayed by Peter Bergman, who portrayed Jack at the same time. Marco's character", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2015)" }, { "id": "9487153", "text": "Brad Vernon Brad Vernon is a fictional character from the American soap opera \"One Life to Live\". Actor Jameson Parker was cast on-the-spot by \"OLTL\" executive producer Doris Quinlan for the role of Brad following an encounter in a New York City elevator. Parker originated the role onscreen in June 1976 and played it through 1978. Actor Steve Fletcher assumed the role regularly from July 1978 through September 1986. Ted LePlat temporarily substituted in the role in the early months of 1980 when Fletcher took ill. Nicknamed \"The Cad\", Brad is an ambivalent, abusive philanderer. Soap opera critics describe the", "title": "Brad Vernon" }, { "id": "11952681", "text": "\"The Fitzpatricks\", which also starred Clark Brandon, Jimmy McNichol and Helen Hunt. From 1984 to 1985, he played the role of Brent Davis on \"The Young and the Restless\". In 1986, he starred in a Garry Marshall financed teleplay called \"Four Stars\", alongside actress Julie Paris. The film was directed by \"Happy Days\" actress and talent manager Lynda Goodfriend. During this period, he made a number of national television commercials, including a \"Good to the Last Drop\" Maxwell House spot. He voiced a goblin in the film \"\" in 1992. Kramer died of melanoma in Los Angeles on June 20,", "title": "Bert Kramer" }, { "id": "10380997", "text": "Billy Abbott returned, played by Billy Miller. There have been many recasts of the role of Billy Abbott, Phyllis Newman, and Victoria Newman. The role of Colleen Carlton, Brad and Traci's daughter, who had been played by Lyndsy Fonseca for several years was recast in January 2006 with Adrianne Leon. Leon was let go in June 2007 and replaced with former \"Home and Away\" actress Tammin Sursok, who left in October 2009 after her character died. In late 2006, \"The Young and the Restless\" recast the role of popular daytime villainess, Sheila Carter. Originally played by Kimberlin Brown on both", "title": "The Young and the Restless storylines" }, { "id": "19939234", "text": "The Young and the Restless characters (2017) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2017, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Mal Young and co-executive producer/head writer Sally Sussman. In October 2017, Sussman departed as co-executive producer and head writer; Young remained as executive producer and was promoted as head writer. Alex Dettmer, portrayed by Jessica Nicole Webb, was introduced on January 11", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2017)" }, { "id": "8124822", "text": "it was announced that Diamont had been hired on \"The Bold and the Beautiful\". He was to portray Bill Spencer Jr., created specifically for him by head writer Bradley Bell.<ref name=\"SOD 04/07/09\"></ref> \"It's funny how one door closes and another opens,\" Diamont said. \"I had a lot of emotion tied to \"Y&R\". My entire adult life had been there, including so many relationships. Little did I know that such a great character and work situation was literally around the corner.\"<ref name=\"SID 04/27/09-2\"></ref> Diamont briefly reprised the role eight months after the character's death as a hallucination by his daughter, Colleen.", "title": "Brad Carlton" }, { "id": "9091536", "text": "Mackenzie Browning Mackenzie Browning is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". The role is presently portrayed by Kelly Kruger, who portrayed the role from February 19, 2002, to July 1, 2003; she returned to the role on March 28, 2018. Previously, the role was portrayed by Ashley Bashioum, Rachel Kimsey and Clementine Ford. Mackenzie is the daughter of Brock Reynolds and granddaughter of Katherine Chancellor. Much of her history revolves around her role in the teen scene of the series, her romance with Billy Abbott, and marriage to J.T. Hellstrom. The first actress", "title": "Mackenzie Browning" }, { "id": "3625617", "text": "Jessica Collins Jessica Collins (born Jessica Lynn Capogna; April 1, 1971) is an American actress. She is best known for portraying Dinah Lee Mayberry on the ABC soap opera \"Loving\" (1991–1994) and Avery Bailey Clark on the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" (2011–2015). She also starred as Meredith Davies on Fox's \"Tru Calling\", and appeared in recurring and guest roles in many other shows. Collins was born in Schenectady, New York. She attended Amsterdam High School in Amsterdam, New York. In 1988, she won the title Miss New York Teen USA and was the first runner-up for", "title": "Jessica Collins" }, { "id": "9276942", "text": "Lyndsy Fonseca Lyndsy Marie Fonseca (born January 7, 1987) is an American actress. She began her career by appearing as Colleen Carlton on the CBS daytime soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", on which she starred between 2001 and 2005. Thereafter, she had a series of other recurring roles, including Penny Mosby on the CBS sitcom \"How I Met Your Mother\", Donna on HBO's \"Big Love\", and Dylan Mayfair on the fourth season of the ABC television series \"Desperate Housewives\". From 2010 to 2013, Fonseca starred as Alex Udinov on The CW's \"Nikita\" and Angie Martinelli on ABC's \"Marvel's", "title": "Lyndsy Fonseca" }, { "id": "16368768", "text": "The Young and the Restless characters (1970s) A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between March 1973 and December 1979. Brad Elliot first appeared on March 26, 1973, and was portrayed by Tom Hallick until 1978. History<br> The very first episode of \"The Young and the Restless\" began with Brad Elliot being mugged, carjacked, and left for dead beside the highway. A semi-truck driver picked him up and dropped him off in Genoa City, Wisconsin. Stuart Brooks, owner of \"The Genoa City Chronicle\" watched Brad eat", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)" }, { "id": "20635533", "text": "Ryan Ashton Ryan Ashton (born September 24, 1984) is an American actor, director, and screenwriter. Ashton is best known for his portrayal of Zack Sinnett on the CBS daytime soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", which earned a nomination for the Daytime Emmy Award for Guest Performer in a Drama Series in 2018. He appeared in the feature film, , and wrote, directed, and starred in the Bedsider series The Guys Guide to Birth Control, which was featured in The New York Times and The Huffington Post. He grew up in Scituate, Massachusetts before attending The University of North", "title": "Ryan Ashton" }, { "id": "13195024", "text": "Beau Kazer Beau Kazer (May 22, 1951 – December 30, 2014) was a Canadian actor who worked primarily on television. He was best known for his recurring role as Brock Reynolds on the American soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". Kazer studied drama at the Stella Adler Studio of Acting. After graduation, Kazer landed his first acting job in 1974 on the fledgling CBS daytime drama \"The Young and the Restless\". His character, Brock Reynolds, was the adult son of Katherine Chancellor (Jeanne Cooper). Kazer had appeared on \"Y&R\" semi-regularly since the character's introduction to the show. He played", "title": "Beau Kazer" }, { "id": "5971236", "text": "Blair Redford David Blair Redford (born July 27, 1983) is an American actor. He is known for his television roles such as Scotty Grainger on \"The Young and the Restless\", Miguel Lopez-Fitzgerald on \"Passions\", Ethan Whitehorse on \"The Lying Game\", Tyler \"Ty\" Mendoza on \"Switched at Birth\" and Simon Waverly on \"Satisfaction\" and Thunderbird on \"The Gifted.\" Redford grew up in the suburb of Canton, Georgia and attended Sequoyah High School. He is of Irish, French, German, and Native American descent. He worked for several summers in Georgia's Renaissance Festival performing and doing stunts, creating a pirate character named \"Rusty", "title": "Blair Redford" }, { "id": "17047885", "text": "Daniel Romer Daniel Romer a.k.a. Danny Romer (born April 1990, Las Vegas, Nevada) is an American actor and model. He has several international modeling campaigns to his name. He is known for his role in \"The Young and the Restless\" as Kieran Donnally, the law school drop-out turned drug dealer; and as Marcus \"Mark\" Anderson, a street photographer within the world of fashion blogging in \"Lookbook - The Series\". Romer was cast as Joe in a written for TV Pilot, that was filmed in Italy. He played the bully Brad, a tennis camp kid, opposite Nikki Blonsky and Hayley Hasselhoff", "title": "Daniel Romer" }, { "id": "10756055", "text": "and amassed appearances on over five dozen television series. He's most well known for his roles as Alex Marshall on \"Days of Our Lives\", whom he played from 1979 to 1987, and on \"The Young and the Restless\" where he played Nick Reed in 1979 and Joseph Taylor from 1979-1980 before his most well known character of Rex Sterling, from 1987 to 1994. As a writer, Redeker was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and a WGA Award for \"Best Drama Written Directly for the Screen\" for \"The Deer Hunter\", along with Deric Washburn, Louis Garfinkle and", "title": "Quinn Redeker" }, { "id": "16368790", "text": "sister Lorie Brooks, as well as her relationships with Lucas and Lance Prentiss. She was portrayed by actress Janice Lynde until 1977, and then by Victoria Mallory from 1977 through 1982 and again briefly in 1984. In February 2018, it was reported that Lynde would be returning as Leslie to commemorate with the show's 45th anniversary. History<br> Leslie was in her mid-twenties when her father, Stuart, befriended a penniless drifter named Brad Elliot and gave him a job at \"The Genoa City Chronicle\", of which Stuart was the owner and publisher. Leslie fell in love with Brad who encouraged her", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)" }, { "id": "17556457", "text": "The Young and the Restless characters (2014) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2014, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and head writers Shelly Altman and Jean Passanante. Ian Ward, portrayed by Ray Wise, made his first appearance on January 23, 2014, as a former cult leader, believed to be the biological father of Dylan McAvoy (Steve Burton) and", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2014)" }, { "id": "10381020", "text": "Jill's birth father Arthur Hendricks (David Hedison) briefly visited, and mother and daughter fought over him while Kay again battled her drinking problem. Then it was revealed that Arthur was not Jill's father, but Lauren Fenmore's father was actually Jill's biological dad, making Jill and Lauren half-sisters. Another controversial storyline involving Brad Carlton was his largely unexplained alter ego named George Kaplan in 2006. Fans had a very negative reaction to the introduction of a plot surrounding Nazis and artwork involving Brad's mother during WWII. Brad's mother supposedly was in her early 20s during World War II, which would make", "title": "The Young and the Restless storylines" }, { "id": "8141604", "text": "John Abbott (The Young and the Restless) John Abbott is a fictional character from the American CBS Daytime soap opera, \"The Young and the Restless\". He is the patriarch of the Abbotts, one of the core families introduced to the series in 1980. After a brief portrayal by Brett Halsey, the role was portrayed by Jerry Douglas until the character's death onscreen on August 18, 2006. Since September 1, 2006, Douglas has been reprising his role as a hallucination to various other characters. John's children are Jack, Traci, Ashley Abbott and Billy Abbott. The role was originated by Brett Halsey", "title": "John Abbott (The Young and the Restless)" }, { "id": "13948522", "text": "Hunter King Hunter Haley King (born October 20, 1993 as Haley Ashley King) is an American actress. She is known for portraying Adriana Masters on \"Hollywood Heights\" (2012), Summer Newman on \"The Young and the Restless\" (2012–present) and Clementine Hughes on \"Life in Pieces\" (2015–present). Earlier in her career she was credited as Haley King, but she has since been credited as Hunter King. King's grandmother is Elaine Farrar. She has an older sister named Kelli and a younger sister, Joey King. At a young age, King acted in a theater in Agoura Hills, California. Her family is of both", "title": "Hunter King" }, { "id": "3412366", "text": "in November 2009. Born appeared on \"Santa Barbara\" in his best known roles Robert Barr (1989–1991) and his twin Quinn Armitage (1990–1991), a role that earned him an Emmy Award-nomination. He was also a regular on the primetime soap \"Paper Dolls\" as Mark Bailey in 1984. From April 2005 to January 2006 and again in March 2009, Born was on \"The Young and the Restless\" in the critically acclaimed role of the evil Tom Fisher. Many of his daytime roles showcased him in evil roles, with the exception of Nick Rivers on the 1995-1997 ABC series \"The City\". Nick was", "title": "Roscoe Born" }, { "id": "4874228", "text": "Peter Barton (actor) Peter Thomas Barton (born July 19, 1956) is an American actor. He starred in \"The Powers of Matthew Star\", with Louis Gossett, Jr.; \"Burke's Law\" with Gene Barry; and the soap opera \"Sunset Beach\". Named one of the 10 sexiest guys in soaps by \"Playgirl\", Barton is probably best known as Scott Grainger on the daytime drama \"The Young and the Restless\". Barton is originally from Valley Stream, Long Island, New York. As a youngster, he was terrified of Cruella De Vil from \"One Hundred and One Dalmatians\" (1961). He is a graduate of Valley Stream North", "title": "Peter Barton (actor)" }, { "id": "3706085", "text": "Rick Hearst Rick Hearst (born January 4, 1965) is an American actor. He is known for roles in American soap operas. Hearst was born Richard Charles Herbst on January 4, 1965, in Howard Beach, New York and raised in Dallas, Texas. Hearst has been married to wife Donna Smoot since June 9, 1990; they have two sons. His first film was titled \"Brain Damage\" directed by Frank Henenlotter. He has appeared in \"Days of Our Lives\" (1989–1990) as Scott \"Scotty\" Banning II, \"Guiding Light\" (1990–1996) as Alan-Michael Spaulding, \"The Young and the Restless\" (2000–2001) as the sinister Matt Clark, and", "title": "Rick Hearst" }, { "id": "9761141", "text": "Showtime series \" Polyamory: Married & Dating \" Orsi is now an avant-garde pole dancer and is the owner of \"Be Spun\", a pole dancing gym in Los Angeles, California. Leigh Ann Orsi Leigh Ann Orsi (born May 15, 1981 in California) is an American dancer and former actress. She is best known for playing Brad's (Zachery Ty Bryan) second girlfriend, Ashley, on the sitcom \"Home Improvement\". Also featured as Hannah in the 1994 film, \"The Favor\" starring Brad Pitt. She also appeared for one season on the drama \"Life Goes On\", as Zoe, Becka (Kellie Martin) and Corky's (Chris", "title": "Leigh Ann Orsi" }, { "id": "3258852", "text": "Dime\" was a director's pick at the Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films. Upcoming, Nichols will direct the feature films, \"Eau de L.A.\" and \"Fear of Falling.\" He is developing video and mobile phone content. On December 17, 2009, it was reported on \"stephennichols.net\" and \"cbs.com\" that Nichols joined the cast of CBS's \"The Young and the Restless\" as Tucker McCall, replacing William Russ. Nichols's first air date was January 27, 2010. On Y&R, he would later be reunited with General Hospital counterpart Genie Francis, who played Genevieve Atkinson on the show. Nichols's last day on the \"Y &", "title": "Stephen Nichols" }, { "id": "16206277", "text": "months later as Neil had feelings for Harmony Hamilton. The Young and the Restless characters (2011) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2011, by order of appearance. All characters were introduced to the series by its head writer that year, Maria Arena Bell. Lucy Romalotti, Primrose DeVille and Caleb Atkinson all debuted in January, while Angelo Veneziano first appeared in February. Davis Holloway debuted in July while Moses Winters debuted in October.", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2011)" }, { "id": "7801416", "text": "Wade Williams Wade Andrew Williams (born December 24, 1961) is an American actor. He is known for his various character roles, and for his starring role as Brad Bellick on the FOX television series \"Prison Break\". Williams was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He studied theatre at the University of Tulsa. He began his acting career at the Delacorte Theater in Central Park in \"The Taming of the Shrew\" with Morgan Freeman and Tracey Ullman. Williams also had a role with Denzel Washington in \"Richard III\". Williams then continued with performances on and off Broadway and toured nationally in productions such", "title": "Wade Williams" }, { "id": "13186640", "text": "J. T. and Colleen J. T. Hellstrom and Colleen Carlton are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". J. T. was portrayed by Thad Luckinbill, and Colleen was portrayed by three different actresses during the pair's time together, including Lyndsy Fonseca, Adrianne León and Tammin Sursok. They are often referred to by the portmanteau \"Jolleen\" by fans on internet message boards and in magazines. Beginning as a controversial pairing due to the characters' age gap, their pairing would soon gain popularity, characterized as \"Genoa City's sweetest supercouple\". Former head writer and", "title": "J. T. and Colleen" }, { "id": "16206253", "text": "The Young and the Restless characters (2011) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2011, by order of appearance. All characters were introduced to the series by its head writer that year, Maria Arena Bell. Lucy Romalotti, Primrose DeVille and Caleb Atkinson all debuted in January, while Angelo Veneziano first appeared in February. Davis Holloway debuted in July while Moses Winters debuted in October. Lucy Romalotti is the daughter of Daniel Romalotti and", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2011)" }, { "id": "3267672", "text": "He graduated from Beverly Hills High School in Beverly Hills, California. Burton married Sheree Gustin on January 16, 1999. They have three children, two daughters and a son. Burton appeared on \"High Stakes Poker\" season three, and donated his earnings to his fan club for the building of a clubhouse. Steve Burton (actor) Jack Stephen Burton (born June 28, 1970) is an American actor, best known for his portrayal of Jason Morgan on \"General Hospital\" from 1991 to 2012 and 2017 to present, and Dylan McAvoy on \"The Young and the Restless\" from 2013 to 2017. He also voiced the", "title": "Steve Burton (actor)" }, { "id": "8117933", "text": "Ashley Abbott Ashley Abbott is a fictional character from \"The Young and the Restless\" and \"The Bold and the Beautiful\", two American soap operas on the CBS network. She has been most notably portrayed by Eileen Davidson, who originated the role in June 1982 before departing in 1988. Brenda Epperson portrayed Ashley from 1988 to 1995, before Shari Shattuck portrayed the role for the next three years, until Davidson's return in 1999. Davidson was nominated in 2003 for Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series. The character is the daughter of Dina Mergeron and Brent Davis,", "title": "Ashley Abbott" }, { "id": "9640136", "text": "Brad Slaight Brad Slaight (born March 31, 1964), is an American television actor whose greatest accomplishment was a starring role on \"The Young and the Restless\". Some of his other credits include roles on \"Parks and Recreation\", \"That's Funny\", \"Love Chronicles\", \"Second Cousin\", \"Once Removed\", \"Unsolved Mysteries\" (as psychic George Anderson), \"Freshman Dorm\", \"Haywire\" and \"Hellbent\". Slaight grew up in Cedar Springs, Michigan. He graduated from Central Michigan University with a teaching degree and taught speech, drama, and English at Brandywine High School in Niles, Michigan for two years before moving out to Los Angeles to pursue a career in", "title": "Brad Slaight" }, { "id": "4576204", "text": "Ashley Jones Ashley Aubra Jones (born September 3, 1976) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in soap operas as Megan Dennison on \"The Young and the Restless\" and as Dr. Bridget Forrester on \"The Bold and the Beautiful\". She also had a recurring role as Daphne on the HBO drama series \"True Blood\" in 2009. Jones was born in Memphis, Tennessee on September 3, 1976. Shawn Jones, her father, is a minister. The family lived in Tennessee for five years before her father took a job preaching in Texas. Jones has one brother named Zach and", "title": "Ashley Jones" }, { "id": "13948527", "text": "able to work on both her shows because an understudy took over her role as Summer for several episodes. Hunter King Hunter Haley King (born October 20, 1993 as Haley Ashley King) is an American actress. She is known for portraying Adriana Masters on \"Hollywood Heights\" (2012), Summer Newman on \"The Young and the Restless\" (2012–present) and Clementine Hughes on \"Life in Pieces\" (2015–present). Earlier in her career she was credited as Haley King, but she has since been credited as Hunter King. King's grandmother is Elaine Farrar. She has an older sister named Kelli and a younger sister, Joey", "title": "Hunter King" }, { "id": "3148898", "text": "premiere of Terrence McNally's \"Unusual Acts of Devotion\" in June 2009. The play was staged at the La Jolla Playhouse at the University of California in San Diego. The summer prior, Manganiello worked alongside McNally and director Leonard Foglia to create the role at the Ojai Playwrights Conference. He played Brad on several seasons of the CBS comedy \"How I Met Your Mother\". In 2008, he joined the cast of The CW drama \"One Tree Hill\" for its fifth season, playing bartender Owen Morello. He shot the series in Wilmington, North Carolina, and returned for its sixth and seventh seasons.", "title": "Joe Manganiello" }, { "id": "16367476", "text": "Brad. Lisa spotted Lauren, and she threw her into the cage with Brad, intending to gas them both to death. Fortunately, Jack, who had tracked Lauren to the cabin, rescued them. Lisa fled town and has not been seen since. Scott Grainger first appeared in May 1988, portrayed by Peter Barton until 1993. Scott Grainger was known for being a part of the love triangle with Lauren Fenmore and Sheila Carter. The character also briefly appeared on \"The Bold and the Beautiful\" in 1993. History<br> Scott entered the picture as the doctor working on Jessica Blair, who had AIDS. In", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s)" }, { "id": "20635534", "text": "Carolina School of the Arts School of Filmmaking where he received a BFA in Directing for Film. Ryan Ashton Ryan Ashton (born September 24, 1984) is an American actor, director, and screenwriter. Ashton is best known for his portrayal of Zack Sinnett on the CBS daytime soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", which earned a nomination for the Daytime Emmy Award for Guest Performer in a Drama Series in 2018. He appeared in the feature film, , and wrote, directed, and starred in the Bedsider series The Guys Guide to Birth Control, which was featured in The New York", "title": "Ryan Ashton" }, { "id": "3315310", "text": "\"Outstanding Female Newcomer\" as well as a Daytime Emmy Award nomination for \"Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series\" later in 2005. She also guest starred on the ABC prime time sitcom \"Hot Properties\" as the young music VJ Courtney alongside Harry Hamlin as his much younger fiancée. In early 2006, León took over the role of Colleen Carlton on \"The Young and the Restless\". She returned as her character Brook Lynn Ashton on \"General Hospital\" on May 21, 2010. León has a puppy named \"Price\" whose custody she shares with former co-star Darcy Rose Byrnes; they named him \"Price\"", "title": "Adrianne León" }, { "id": "13129419", "text": "wasn't exactly a cuddly one, but it was still a relationship, and they bonded over business.\" He was a contrast to Brad Carlton, the character he used to play on \"The Young and the Restless\". \"It's not like they're taking a facsimile of Brad and plugging him into this show,\" Diamont said. \"This guy could not be a bigger departure from Brad. Bill dresses and thinks completely different. He's ruthless and twisted.\" Bill is a \"Richard Branson-esque businessman\" who speaks his mind no matter the consequence. After his father dies, Bill receives 50 percent ownership of Spencer Publications and is", "title": "Bill Spencer Jr." }, { "id": "3237189", "text": "Eileen Davidson Eileen Marie Davidson (born June 15, 1959) is an American actress, reality star, author and former model, best known for her performances in television soap operas. Davidson is best known for her roles in soap operas as Kristen DiMera on NBC's \"Days of Our Lives\", and Ashley Abbott on CBS's \"The Young and the Restless\" and \"The Bold and the Beautiful\". In 2014, for her role in \"Days of Our Lives\", Davidson was awarded a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series, the second actress to win a Daytime Emmy Award in the category", "title": "Eileen Davidson" }, { "id": "8157892", "text": "film \"Bad Bush\". Chris Sadrinna Chris Sadrinna (born 26 February 1975) is an Australian actor. He appeared in \"Home and Away\" as Brad Armstrong, during 2006 and 2007. Sadrinna played Lucy in the movie \"Garage Days\", and also starred in Ivan Sen's debut feature film \"Beneath Clouds\". Both movies also featured Holly Brisley, his fellow cast member in \"Home and Away\". Other television appearances include \"Blue Heelers\", \"All Saints\", \"Heartbreak High\", and \"Water Rats\". In 2009 his work included appearing alongside former Home and Away co star Kate Ritchie playing a drug dealer named Greg Ollard in \"\" and starring", "title": "Chris Sadrinna" }, { "id": "9640137", "text": "show business. After arriving in California, Brad soon became a performer in local comedy clubs The Comedy Store, The Improv, L.A. Cabaret, and Ice House as a standup and group performer. Brad Slaight Brad Slaight (born March 31, 1964), is an American television actor whose greatest accomplishment was a starring role on \"The Young and the Restless\". Some of his other credits include roles on \"Parks and Recreation\", \"That's Funny\", \"Love Chronicles\", \"Second Cousin\", \"Once Removed\", \"Unsolved Mysteries\" (as psychic George Anderson), \"Freshman Dorm\", \"Haywire\" and \"Hellbent\". Slaight grew up in Cedar Springs, Michigan. He graduated from Central Michigan University", "title": "Brad Slaight" }, { "id": "1667634", "text": "Barry, and generated a minor \"Billboard\" hit single, \"Lady Love\". Bostwick replaced C.C. Courtney in the musical \"Salvation\". His next stage appearance was in the 1971 rock opera \"Soon\", which closed after three performances. In 1972, Bostwick originated the role of bad boy Danny Zuko in the stage production of \"Grease\", earning a Tony Award nomination for his performance. This was followed by a voice role as Terr in the English-dubbed version of \"Fantastic Planet\" in 1973. He later starred with Tim Curry and Susan Sarandon in \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\" (1975) portraying the character of Brad Majors. He", "title": "Barry Bostwick" }, { "id": "3133118", "text": "Scott Reeves Gregory Scott Reeves (born May 16, 1966) is an American actor and country music singer. His best known roles include Noel Laughlin on ABC's, Nashville, Ryan McNeil on \"The Young and the Restless\" and Steven Webber on \"General Hospital\". Reeves and Aaron Benward founded the duo Blue County in 2003, which recorded one album for Curb Records. Aaron and Scott departed Curb in 2007 and continue to write and perform together all over the world, playing for fans ranging from 5 to 95. Reeves co-wrote Toby Keith's 2011 number 1 single, \"Made in America\". Between Blue County dates", "title": "Scott Reeves" }, { "id": "19941685", "text": "The Young and the Restless characters (2016) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2016, by order of first appearance. In the first half of the year, characters were introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps until her replacement in the summer of 2016 by supervising producer Mal Young Young was first credited as executive producer on July 13, 2016. Co-executive producer and head writer Charles Pratt Jr. oversaw", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2016)" }, { "id": "8157891", "text": "Chris Sadrinna Chris Sadrinna (born 26 February 1975) is an Australian actor. He appeared in \"Home and Away\" as Brad Armstrong, during 2006 and 2007. Sadrinna played Lucy in the movie \"Garage Days\", and also starred in Ivan Sen's debut feature film \"Beneath Clouds\". Both movies also featured Holly Brisley, his fellow cast member in \"Home and Away\". Other television appearances include \"Blue Heelers\", \"All Saints\", \"Heartbreak High\", and \"Water Rats\". In 2009 his work included appearing alongside former Home and Away co star Kate Ritchie playing a drug dealer named Greg Ollard in \"\" and starring in the thriller", "title": "Chris Sadrinna" }, { "id": "9112134", "text": "was in the 2009 movie \"Follow the Prophet\". Grant has starred on television shows, his first TV role was in the 1982 made-for-television movie \"Desperate Lives\" as a teen drug user. He starred in the hit CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" as the psychotic stalker Shawn Garrett from 1985-1986. He later returned to the soap in 1996 to play Adam Hunter, a love interest for Ashley Abbott. Grant has made guest appearances on television shows like \"The Facts of Life\", \"Rags to Riches\", and \"Murder, She Wrote\". In recent years, Grant has turned his attention to writing,", "title": "Grant Cramer" }, { "id": "3592610", "text": "RIAA-certified debut album, \"V\". After her UK plans fell through, Sursok relocated from Australia to Los Angeles, California in 2006 in order to concentrate on her acting career. That same year, she made her film debut in a bit role in the film \"Aquamarine\". In 2007, after a successful audition, Sursok became the third actress to portray Colleen Carlton on the American soap opera television series, \"The Young and the Restless\". Her debut was quickly met with criticism from a number of \"The Young and the Restless\" viewers. Despite the negativity, she received comparable positive viewer feedback. \"The fans have", "title": "Tammin Sursok" }, { "id": "10381021", "text": "Brad's mother in her mid to late 80s in 2006. However, the actress who played Brad's mother appeared to be around 60, far too young for this role. Fans complained that the Nazi artwork plot made no sense at all, along with Brad's age and the age his mother was supposed to be. The plot was completely dropped without mention, Brad then had an affair with Sharon Newman, and then was killed off trying to save Sharon's son Noah when he fell through ice on a frozen lake. The actor Don Diamont then transferred to Y&R's \"sister show\" The Bold", "title": "The Young and the Restless storylines" }, { "id": "8117936", "text": "Lives\" as Kristen DiMera, a character she had portrayed there over 14 years prior. Davidson made a brief return to \"The Young and the Restless\" in March 2013 for the soap's 40th anniversary. After subsequent guest appearances, Davidson returned to \"The Young and the Restless\" on September 3, 2014, as a series regular. In June 2018, Davidson quit the role, and would exit once again. Eileen Davidson originated the role of Ashley Abbott in June 1982, until her first exit on December 2, 1988. The role was immediately recast with Brenda Epperson, who portrayed Ashley for seven years from December", "title": "Ashley Abbott" }, { "id": "16974062", "text": "The Young and the Restless characters (2013) \"The Young and the Restless\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2013, by order of first appearance. All characters through October are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and head writer Josh Griffith; characters after October are introduced by Phelps and head writers Shelly Altman and Jean Passanante. Adriana Stone, portrayed by Jhoanna Flores, made her first appearance on January 7, 2013. The news of", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2013)" }, { "id": "16367394", "text": "in July 1981 and later became a love interest for Diane Jenkins (Alex Donnelley) and Farren Connor (Colleen Casey). He was portrayed by Steven Ford until November 20, 1987. However, Ford reprised his role from October 29, 2002 to May 9, 2003. History<br> In the 1980s, Andy worked as a partner in the Paul Williams Detective Agency, and originally dated Nikki Reed. In 1982, Andy, estranged from his alcoholic wife Karen, began seeing Jill Foster. Jill liked Andy, but was not content with the wages that he earned. She attempted to convince him to take a higher-paying job, and he", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s)" }, { "id": "19624431", "text": "Brad's Status Brad's Status is a 2017 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Mike White and starring Ben Stiller, Austin Abrams, Michael Sheen, Jenna Fischer, and Luke Wilson. It premiered on September 9 at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival in the juried Platform section, and was theatrically released by Amazon Studios on September 15, 2017. Brad Sloan (Ben Stiller) runs his own non-profit organization, and lives a comfortable life with his loving wife and son, but cannot help contemplating how his old friends Craig Fisher (Michael Sheen), Billy Wearslter (Jemaine Clement), Jason Hatfield (Luke Wilson), and Nick Pascale", "title": "Brad's Status" }, { "id": "3736506", "text": "a suitable replacement, and Jessica Harper, previously of Brian De Palma's cult musical \"Phantom of the Paradise\", dazzled the filmmakers with her singing skills. Cliff De Young had been Sharman's original choice for Brad in \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\", as the two had worked together on the 1972 off-Broadway play \"Trials of Oz\", but De Young was starring on the television series \"Sunshine\" in California, thus unable to appear. Upon learning that Bostwick was unable to participate in \"Shock Treatment\", Sharman tracked down De Young and gave him the role. This afforded De Young the opportunity to reunite with", "title": "Shock Treatment" }, { "id": "5844849", "text": "Parry Shen Parry Shen (born June 26, 1973) is an American actor. Shen's first major acting role was as Ben Manibag in \"Better Luck Tomorrow\" the film's leading character. He also starred in another Asian American film \"Surrogate Valentine\". He has since starred in the horror film \"Hatchet\" and its sequels \"Hatchet II\", \"Hatchet III\", and \"Victor Crowley\". He had a recurring role as Tyler Li in the television series \"Tru Calling\". He is currently portraying the role of the major recurring character Brad Cooper on \"General Hospital\". He is also known for his voice acting in the video games", "title": "Parry Shen" }, { "id": "18712281", "text": "Ryan McCartan Ryan McCartan (born June 14, 1993) is an American actor and singer. As an actor, he is known for his recurring role as Diggie on the Disney Channel sitcom \"Liv and Maddie\", and for his role as Brad Majors in the 2016 Fox musical television film \"\". McCartan is also known as one half of the pop duo The Girl and the Dreamcatcher. McCartan also played Jason \"J.D.\" Dean in the Los Angeles (2013) and the original off-Broadway (2014) versions of \"\". McCartan began his career with a minor part in the stage version of \"Disney's High School", "title": "Ryan McCartan" }, { "id": "8242019", "text": "Christopher Malcolm Christopher Malcolm (19 August 1946 – 15 February 2014) was a Scottish television and film actor, director and producer. He first achieved notability for his role as Brad Majors in the original stage production of \"The Rocky Horror Show\". Malcolm was born in Aberdeen, Scotland, and was brought up in Canada after his family emigrated to British Columbia in the late 1940s. He attended the University of British Columbia, where he worked and studied theatre. After university, he returned to the UK and began his professional career with the Royal Shakespeare Company (1966–68). He appeared in at least", "title": "Christopher Malcolm" }, { "id": "8152910", "text": "her mother, Traci. Colleen was rapidly aged to fifteen in 2001 when Lyndsy Fonseca assumed the role. In 2004, Fonseca was let go, as Colleen returned to New York to live with her mother. \"The Young and the Restless\" executive producer and head writer Jack Smith left the door open for Fonseca to return. \"That means a lot to me,\" Fonseca said. \"He's been really cool about that.\" Fonseca briefly reprised the role from December 2004 to February 2005. In January 2006, the role was recast with Adrianne León. Previously, Leon is recognized for her role as Brook Lynn Ashton", "title": "Colleen Carlton" }, { "id": "1579398", "text": "Young was named as Sussman's successor as head writer. Sussman last aired as head writer on October 24, 2017. Young's tenure as head writer aired on October 25, 2017. In December 2018, Young announced his decision to leave the serial, citing that it was a \"good time to move on,\" and cited his desire to pursue his own project. Anthony Morina and Griffith were announced as executive producer and head writer, respectively. Taped at CBS Television City, studios 41 and 43 in Hollywood since its debut on March 26, 1973, the show was packaged by the distribution company Columbia Pictures", "title": "The Young and the Restless" }, { "id": "3134729", "text": "the series’ subsequent season premiere\".\" In 2004, Steven became the first actor to appear as a recurring character in four television series simultaneously: \"The West Wing\", \"Star Trek: Enterprise\", \"JAG\" and \"ER\". Culp portrayed Robert F. Kennedy twice, in the TV movie \"Norma Jean & Marilyn\" (1996) and the film \"Thirteen Days\" (2000). In 1995, Culp briefly starred on \"The Young and the Restless\" as Brian Hamilton. He played Commander Martin Madden in \"\" (2002), a character written to replace William Riker as first officer of the \"Enterprise\". However, due to the film's length, Culp's scenes were included in several", "title": "Steven Culp" }, { "id": "4829107", "text": "Brody Hutzler Ian Brody Hutzler (born April 20, 1971) is an American actor primarily known for his roles on soap operas. Hutzler played the role of Zachary Smith on \"Guiding Light\" from 1996–1997 and the role of Cody Dixon on \"The Young and the Restless\" from 1999-2004 before moving on to \"Days of Our Lives\", where he played the role of Patrick Lockhart from 2004–2007. He has also made several television guest appearances on shows, such as The WB series \"Charmed\" and \"Angel\" and the short-lived 2000 NBC series, \"Titans\". He also starred in the 2008 film \"Green Flash\", along", "title": "Brody Hutzler" }, { "id": "10380977", "text": "Lorie, quit in 1982 due to exhaustion, Bell took the opportunity to write out all of the Brooks and Fosters, save Jill. Gradually, the focus shifted from the Brooks and Foster families to the Williams, Abbott, and the Newman families. The Williams family was introduced in 1978. Police Detective Carl Williams (Brett Hadley) and his wife Mary (Carolyn Conwell) had their hands full with their promiscuous teenage son Paul (Doug Davidson). Paul had a fling with Nikki Reed (Melody Thomas Scott) and gave her a sexually transmitted disease. He then went on to romance prostitute Cindy Lake, as well as", "title": "The Young and the Restless storylines" }, { "id": "3875701", "text": "William Russ William Russ (born October 20, 1950) is an American actor and television director. He is perhaps best known for his role as Alan Matthews on the sitcom \"Boy Meets World\" (1993–2000). Russ is also notable for his roles in the television series \"Wiseguy\", the soap operas \"Another World\" and \"The Young and the Restless\" and the feature films \"The Right Stuff\" (1983), \"Pastime\" (1990) and \"American History X\" (1998). Russ was born in Portsmouth, Virginia, and is the son of a naval officer. He attended the University of Michigan, where he was a member of the Michigan Cheer", "title": "William Russ" }, { "id": "9558690", "text": "later remarried on Valentine's Day in 2012. While the character's debut received a mixed response, Goddard has been widely acclaimed for his portrayal; \"Canyon News\" said that he portrays the character honestly, and is \"always dependable, on fire and exciting\". Goddard originally auditioned for Brad Snyder on \"As the World Turns\", and though he was not cast in the part, Barbara Bloom, the senior vice-president of CBS Daytime, recommended Goddard to \"The Young and the Restless\"'s head writer and executive producer, Latham. After testing for the character of Cane for Latham and casting director Karen Rea, Goddard received the role.", "title": "Cane Ashby" }, { "id": "3258365", "text": "David Tom David Tom (born March 23, 1978) is an American actor. In 1993, Tom was nominated for two Young Artist Awards for his roles in \"Stepfather III\" and \"Stay Tuned\". In 1994, he was again nominated for \"Outstanding Youth Ensemble in a Motion Picture\" for \"Swing Kids\", alongside co-stars Robert Sean Leonard, Christian Bale and Frank Whaley. He portrayed Billy Abbott on the CBS soap opera, \"The Young and the Restless\", from 1999 to 2002. Tom received two Daytime Emmy nominations for \"Outstanding Younger Actor\" in 2000 and 2001, winning in the former year. He also won a Soap", "title": "David Tom" }, { "id": "9295364", "text": "Brad Snyder (As the World Turns) Bradley Snyder, also known as Brad Carter, is a character from the American soap opera \"As the World Turns\", appearing from 1998 to 1999 and again from 2007 to 2009, when he was played by Austin Peck. Under the name \"Brad Carter\", Brad came to town in 1998, after almost hitting Camille Bennett with his car. He took a job as a construction worker, working on a church in Oakdale. When Lucinda Walsh mentioned the name \"Snyder\", he denied knowing the name. He returned to the Snyder farm to find Julia Lindsey, his brother", "title": "Brad Snyder (As the World Turns)" }, { "id": "5773545", "text": "in commercials and magazine ads, including one with singer Michael Jackson. At the age of four, he began portraying Richie Crawford on the sitcom \"Family Matters\", where he appeared from 1990 to 1997 in over 200 episodes. He has portrayed Devon Hamilton on the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" since June 2004. He won the 2007 Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series, and earned nominations for the same award in 2006 and 2008. After being nominated for the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Daytime Drama Series from 2005 through", "title": "Bryton James" }, { "id": "9233663", "text": "Scotty Grainger Scotty Grainger is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". He was played by actor Blair Redford from July 2005 until January 2006. In January 2017, \"Soap Opera Digest\" announced that Daniel Hall had been recast in the role. In January 2018, Hall was written out of the show, he last aired on January 17. In 1989, Lauren Fenmore (Tracey E. Bregman) and Dr. Scott Grainger (Peter Barton) got married, but Sheila Carter (Kimberlin Brown) wanted Scott for herself. She drugged him in order to get herself pregnant, and she and Lauren", "title": "Scotty Grainger" }, { "id": "3315305", "text": "Adrianne León Adrianne Therese León (born March 15, 1987) is an American singer-songwriter, chef, personal fitness trainer, model and actress. She is the co-founder and lead vocalist of the rock band Caught Crimson. León began writing songs for the soap opera \"General Hospital\". León went on to have a role as the punk rock teen Brook Lynn Ashton, which earned her an Daytime Emmy nomination and a Soap Opera Digest Award, but left the ABC soap for the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", where she took over the role of Colleen Carlton. Adrianne León was born in", "title": "Adrianne León" }, { "id": "5971240", "text": "Zach in the second season of \"Beauty & the Beast\" on The CW. On March 19, 2014, it was reported that Redford had been cast in \"Satisfaction\" as Simon Waverly. The male escort drama series aired for two seasons on the USA Network. Blair Redford David Blair Redford (born July 27, 1983) is an American actor. He is known for his television roles such as Scotty Grainger on \"The Young and the Restless\", Miguel Lopez-Fitzgerald on \"Passions\", Ethan Whitehorse on \"The Lying Game\", Tyler \"Ty\" Mendoza on \"Switched at Birth\" and Simon Waverly on \"Satisfaction\" and Thunderbird on \"The Gifted.\"", "title": "Blair Redford" }, { "id": "16372863", "text": "Amanda has developed a relationship. Amanda chooses to leave town after Jill Abbott shows her the security camera footage of Amanda stealing jewels from the mansion and nearly getting people killed. Ralph Hunnicutt first appeared on December 7, 2001, as the ex-husband of Amanda Browning, portrayed by Angelo Tiffe, who was last seen in the role on January 6, 2002. In March 2002, it was announced that the role had been recast with Daniel Quinn, who assumed the role on April 18, 2002 as his first daytime role. By June, it was announced that Quinn, along with Denice Duff, would", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s)" }, { "id": "6123613", "text": "NBC. He also played Thor in the made-for-TV Syfy channel film \"Thor: Hammer of the Gods\". The film originally aired on November 29, 2009. Zachery Ty Bryan Zachery Ty Bryan (born October 9, 1981) is an American actor and producer best known for his role as Brad Taylor on the American sitcom \"Home Improvement\". Bryan was born in Aurora, Colorado, to Jenny and Dwight Bryan. He has a younger sister named Ciri. He attended La Salle High School, graduating with the class of 2000. In 2007, he married Carly Matros, whom he met while attending La Canada Junior High School.", "title": "Zachery Ty Bryan" }, { "id": "10380995", "text": "the show, the characters left with them. But in the case of \"The Young and the Restless\", their replacements were often popular and remade the character in their own image. When William Grey Espy left the show in 1975, the role of Snapper Foster was given to then-unknown actor David Hasselhoff. Peter Bergman has won three Emmy Awards after replacing Lester as Jack Abbott. And Jess Walton, who took over the role of Jill Foster Abbott after original cast member Brenda Dickson was fired in 1987 after a fallout with producers, has earned two Emmys. In 2004, Joan Van Ark", "title": "The Young and the Restless storylines" }, { "id": "18712284", "text": "fiancée on April 14, 2016, but their relationship ended in October 2016. Ryan McCartan Ryan McCartan (born June 14, 1993) is an American actor and singer. As an actor, he is known for his recurring role as Diggie on the Disney Channel sitcom \"Liv and Maddie\", and for his role as Brad Majors in the 2016 Fox musical television film \"\". McCartan is also known as one half of the pop duo The Girl and the Dreamcatcher. McCartan also played Jason \"J.D.\" Dean in the Los Angeles (2013) and the original off-Broadway (2014) versions of \"\". McCartan began his career", "title": "Ryan McCartan" }, { "id": "3028654", "text": "he promoted Breathasure tablets in radio and television commercials. Around this time, he reprised his role as McKay in the television films \"\" and \"\". In the late 1970s, Kennedy also appeared as a celebrity guest on the television game show \"Match Game\". In 1998, he voiced Brick Bazooka for the film \"Small Soldiers\". He then made several independent films, before making a 2003 comeback to television in the soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\", playing the character Albert Miller, the biological father to legendary character Victor Newman. In 2005, he made a cameo appearance in the film \"Don't", "title": "George Kennedy" }, { "id": "554647", "text": "Monkeys\" (both 1995), the latter earning him a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor and an Academy Award nomination. Pitt starred in the cult film \"Fight Club\" (1999) and the heist film \"Ocean's Eleven\" (2001) and its sequels, \"Ocean's Twelve\" (2004) and \"Ocean's Thirteen\" (2007). His greatest commercial successes have been \"Troy\" (2004), \"Mr. & Mrs. Smith\" (2005), and \"World War Z\" (2013). Pitt received his second and third Academy Award nominations for his leading performances in \"The Curious Case of Benjamin Button\" (2008) and \"Moneyball\" (2011). He produced \"The Departed\" (2006) and \"12 Years a Slave\" (2013), both", "title": "Brad Pitt" }, { "id": "8124826", "text": "For the duration of their marriage, Brad continued to fight his feelings for Victoria's one-time sister-in-law, Sharon Newman. During this time, he also had an affair with Sharon. Upon Victor's initiation of a background check on Brad, it was discovered in a Retroactive continuity storyline after almost twenty years of being on the show that Brad was not who he had initially claimed to be. Brad's real name was George Kaplan, and he assumed the identity of a friend who died in an accident in order to hide from the people who had killed his family. A 2006 story arc", "title": "Brad Carlton" }, { "id": "16368773", "text": "once she was no longer in his life. Brad had been a Chicago neurosurgeon/psychiatrist who had gone against hospital rules to operate on his own son who had died on the table. Brad had been so distressed that he had left Chicago, leaving his practice, his parents, and his girl friend Barbara Anderson behind. His wrecked and burned car had been found later with a body inside which had been burned beyond recognition, and he had been declared dead. Leslie ended up healing Brad by getting him to talk to Barbara and other neurosurgeons who convinced him that he had", "title": "The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)" } ]	who played brad carlton on young and the restless
[ "the Charlotte Hornets" ]	[ { "id": "2674557", "text": "Dwight Howard Dwight David Howard (born December 8, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for the Washington Wizards of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Howard, who plays center, spent his high school career at Southwest Atlanta Christian Academy. He chose to forgo college, entered the 2004 NBA draft, and was selected first overall by the Orlando Magic. An eight-time All-Star, eight-time All-NBA Team honoree, five-time All-Defensive Team member, and three-time Defensive Player of the Year, Howard has been ranked consistently as one of the best in the league in rebounds, blocks, and field goal percentage. He set numerous franchise", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674558", "text": "and league records during his time with the Magic, and in 2009, he led the team to the NBA Finals. In 2012, after eight seasons with Orlando, Howard was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers. After one season with the Lakers, he joined the Houston Rockets, where he spent three seasons. One-season stints followed with the Atlanta Hawks and Charlotte Hornets before he joined the Wizards in July 2018. Howard was born in Atlanta, to Dwight Sr. and Sheryl Howard, and into a family with strong athletic connections. His father is a Georgia State Trooper and serves as Athletic Director", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674594", "text": "signed a three-year, $70 million contract with the Atlanta Hawks. With the retirement of Tim Duncan, Howard entered the 2016–17 season as the NBA's active leader in rebounds (12,089) and blocked shots (1,916). He made his debut for the Hawks in their season opener on October 27, 2016, recording 11 points, 19 rebounds and three blocks in a 114–99 win over the Washington Wizards. Howard posted the most rebounds for anyone in their Atlanta debut, breaking the mark of 18 that Shareef Abdur-Rahim set at Houston on October 30, 2001. On November 2, he recorded a season-high 31 points and", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674602", "text": "Hamidou Diallo, a 2021 second-round draft pick and cash considerations. He was waived by the Nets immediately upon being acquired. On July 12, 2018, Howard signed with the Washington Wizards. After missing all of training camp, every exhibition game and the first seven regular-season games with a sore backside, Howard made his debut for the Wizards on November 2 against the Oklahoma City Thunder, scoring 13 first-quarter points before finishing with 20 points on 7-of-8 shooting, three rebounds and four fouls in 23 minutes in a 134–111 loss. On November 16, he recorded a season-high 25 points and 17 rebounds", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674616", "text": "along with Carmelo Anthony and Scottie Pippen, also appeared in the 2013 Chinese film \"Amazing\", a joint venture between the NBA and Shanghai Film Group Corporation. In 2014, Epix featured Howard as the focal point of a documentary about his life called \"In the Moment\". The film was directed by Ross Greenburg and Executive Producers include Michael D. Ratner and Matthew Weaver. Dwight Howard Dwight David Howard (born December 8, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for the Washington Wizards of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Howard, who plays center, spent his high school career at Southwest Atlanta Christian", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674589", "text": "Team after five consecutive first-team honors. He became a free agent in the summer, and was offered a maximum contract of five years for $118 million from the Lakers matched with four years for $88 million from other teams. In early July, Howard met with the Lakers, Dallas Mavericks, Houston Rockets, Golden State Warriors and Atlanta Hawks, and on July 5, 2013, announced via Twitter that he intended to sign with the Rockets. He officially signed with Houston on July 13, 2013, joining James Harden to form a formidable duo. With the Rockets, he was initially moved from center to", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674581", "text": "the Nets, who had relocated to Brooklyn. He intended to become a free agent at the end of the 2012–13 season if he was not traded to Brooklyn. On August 10, 2012, Howard was traded from Orlando to the Los Angeles Lakers in a deal that also involved the Philadelphia 76ers and the Denver Nuggets. The Lakers also received Chris Duhon and Earl Clark; the Magic received Josh McRoberts, Christian Eyenga, Maurice Harkless, Nikola Vučević, Arron Afflalo, Al Harrington, and draft picks; Philadelphia received Jason Richardson and Andrew Bynum; and Denver received Andre Iguodala. Howard took six months off from", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674597", "text": "Plumlee and the 41st overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft. In his debut for the Hornets in their season opener on October 18, 2017, Howard had 10 points, 15 rebounds and two blocks in a 102–90 loss to the Detroit Pistons. On October 23, he had 22 rebounds against the Milwaukee Bucks, three shy of the team record. In the following game on October 25, Howard had 15 points and 19 rebounds in a 110–93 win over the Denver Nuggets, becoming the first Charlotte player since Emeka Okafor in 2007 with four consecutive 15-rebound games. He had his fifth", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "13115349", "text": "for the Rockets, averaging 25.9 points a game. Eager to add another franchise player to their team, the Rockets heavily pursued free agent center Dwight Howard in the 2013 offseason. On July 5, 2013, Howard announced via his Twitter account that he intended to sign with the Houston Rockets after the July moratorium period ended. The NBA fined the Rockets $150,000 for talking about Howard during this moratorium period. Dwight Howard officially signed with the Rockets on July 13, 2013. Led by the new inside-out combination of Howard and James Harden, and with a strong supporting cast including Chandler Parsons,", "title": "History of the Houston Rockets" }, { "id": "2674601", "text": "became the first NBA player with a 30-point, 30-rebound game since Kevin Love in November 2010, and the first player with a 30–30 game against the Nets since Kareem Abdul-Jabbar in February 1978. Howard finished the season with a franchise-record 53 double-doubles and joined Abdul-Jabbar and Wilt Chamberlain as the only players to hold single-season records with two teams. Howard also became one of six players to average a double-double in each of his first 13 seasons in the league. On July 6, 2018, Howard was traded to the Brooklyn Nets in exchange for Timofey Mozgov, the draft rights to", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674593", "text": "goals without a miss since Yao Ming went 12-of-12 in 2009. On December 26, he eclipsed 15,000 points for his career in a loss to the New Orleans Pelicans. On January 18, 2016, in an overtime loss to the Los Angeles Clippers, Howard had 36 points and tied a career-high with 26 rebounds en route to his 10th straight double-double, the league's longest active streak, and his longest since a 14-game run in 2012–13. On June 22, 2016, Howard declined his $23 million player option for the 2016–17 season and became an unrestricted free agent. On July 12, 2016, Howard", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "1823644", "text": "2017 offseason. They shipped Plumlee and Belinelli and the 41st pick in the 2017 NBA draft to the Atlanta Hawks for former All-star Dwight Howard and the 31st pick in the 2017 draft. The trade reunited Howard with head coach Steve Clifford, both of whom worked together during Howard's time in Orlando and Los Angeles. In the draft, Charlotte selected Malik Monk with the 11th overall pick, as well as Frank Jackson with the 31st pick. They then sent Jackson to the New Orleans Pelicans for cash considerations and swing man Dwayne Bacon who was drafted 40th overall. Sessions signed", "title": "Charlotte Hornets" }, { "id": "8586623", "text": "overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft, to the Atlanta Hawks in exchange for Dwight Howard and the 31st overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft. On February 9, 2018, he was waived by the Hawks. On 12 February 2018, Belinelli signed with the Philadelphia 76ers. On 20 July 2018, Belinelli signed with the San Antonio Spurs, returning to the franchise for a second stint. Belinelli made his debut with the Italian national team in the 2006 FIBA World Championship. In that tournament, he scored 25 points against the United States national team, including a dunk on Carmelo Anthony. In", "title": "Marco Belinelli" }, { "id": "13213592", "text": "give the majority of playing time over the final 15 games to the team's younger players. On June 22, 2017, Mozgov was traded, along with D'Angelo Russell, to the Brooklyn Nets in exchange for Brook Lopez and the rights to Kyle Kuzma, the 27th pick in the 2017 NBA draft. On July 6, 2018, Mozgov was traded, along with the draft rights to Hamidou Diallo, a 2021 second-round draft pick and cash considerations, to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Dwight Howard. A day later, he was traded again, this time to the Orlando Magic in a three-team deal. Mozgov", "title": "Timofey Mozgov" }, { "id": "2674596", "text": "Rockets. After struggling to make an impact over the Hawks' first three playoff games in their first-round series with the Washington Wizards, Howard had his best game of the postseason in Game 4, putting up a double-double by halftime and finishing with 16 points and 15 rebounds to help the Hawks tie the series at 2–2 with a 111–101 win. The Hawks went on to lose the series in six games. On June 20, 2017, the Hawks traded Howard, along with the 31st overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft, to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Marco Belinelli, Miles", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "14197790", "text": "to the Atlanta Hawks in exchange for Dwight Howard and the 31st overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft. Plumlee showed up to training camp out of shape and strained his right quadriceps before the opener. On November 15, 2017, he was assigned to the Erie BayHawks of the NBA G League. He was recalled by the Hawks on November 19 and made his debut for the Hawks on November 25 against the Toronto Raptors. Miles has three siblings: brothers, Mason and Marshall, and sister, Madeleine. All three brothers participated in Duke's basketball program and won championships with the team", "title": "Miles Plumlee" }, { "id": "2674590", "text": "power forward to make room for Ömer Aşık at center. However, with Aşık's under performing play and constant injuries, Howard returned to playing the center position as young forward Terrence Jones moved to power forward. In his first game for the Rockets in the season opener on October 30, Howard recorded 17 points and a career high-tying 26 rebounds in a 96–83 win over the Charlotte Bobcats. Howard finished the regular season with averages of 18.3 points and 12.2 rebounds per game. During the 2014 playoffs, Howard averaged 26 points and 13.7 rebounds per game, but the Rockets were eliminated", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "803543", "text": "Chinese descent to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA), led the Knicks to seven straight victories while establishing an NBA scoring record in July 2012. Also, they pursued free agent center Dwight Howard in the 2013 off-season. He officially signed with the Rockets on July 13, 2013. Led by the new inside-out combination of Howard and James Harden, and with a strong supporting cast including Chandler Parsons, Jeremy Lin, and Ömer Aşık, the Rockets were expected to jump into title contention in the upcoming season. However, that postseason, the Rockets were defeated in the first round by the Portland", "title": "Houston Rockets" }, { "id": "802686", "text": "on a three-year, $70 million contract with the Hawks. The Hawks finished the season with a 43–39 record, good enough for the fifth seed. Unfortunately, they lost in the First Round to the Washington Wizards in six games. On June 20, 2017, Howard was traded, along with the 31st overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft, to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Marco Bellinelli, Miles Plumlee, and the 41st overall pick in the same draft. Two days later, the Hawks selected Wake Forest power forward John Collins with the 19th overall pick. On July 13, 2017, Paul Millsap left", "title": "Atlanta Hawks" }, { "id": "2674595", "text": "11 rebounds in a 123–116 loss to the Los Angeles Lakers. The Hawks started the season 9–2 before dropping 10 of the next 11 games. They snapped a seven-game losing streak on December 7 with a 103–95 win over the Miami Heat, behind Howard's 23 points and 17 rebounds. On December 17, he had a season-best 23 rebounds in a 107–99 loss to the Charlotte Hornets. On February 2, 2017, he scored 24 points and grabbed 23 rebounds in his first game in Houston since signing with Atlanta in the offseason, leading the Hawks to a 113–108 victory over the", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674603", "text": "in a 115–104 loss to the Brooklyn Nets. On November 30, he was ruled out for two to three months after undergoing spinal surgery to relieve pain in his glutes. Howard was named on 5 March 2006 to the 2006–2008 USA Basketball Men's Senior National Team program. As the team's regular starting center, he helped lead the team to a 5–0 record during its pre-World Championship tour, and subsequently helped the team win the bronze medal at the 2006 FIBA World Championship. During the FIBA Americas Championship 2007, Howard was on the team which won its first nine games en", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "18317295", "text": "contract. They ultimately finished 20–62, the worst record in the league. Additionally, as part of the deal that brought them Pierce and Garnett four years earlier, they had to swap their 2017 first-round pick with the Celtics. On June 20, 2017, the Nets traded Lopez and a 2017 first-round pick to the Lakers in exchange for D'Angelo Russell and Timofey Mozgov. A year later, on June 20, 2018, the Nets traded Timofey Mozgov, the 45th pick in the 2018 NBA Draft and a 2019 second round pick for Dwight Howard, who was later waived. History of the Brooklyn Nets The", "title": "History of the Brooklyn Nets" }, { "id": "17738735", "text": "the team, was traded to the New Orleans Pelicans. 2013–14 Houston Rockets season The 2013–14 Houston Rockets season was the 47th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the 43rd based in Houston. The season is best remembered for acquiring All-Star Dwight Howard from the Los Angeles Lakers. With Howard teamed up with team captain James Harden, they gelled their first season together, being named as starters for the 2014 NBA All-Star Game. With Howard now as co-captain, the Rockets improved on last season and finished with a 54–28 record, finishing 4th in the Western Conference.", "title": "2013–14 Houston Rockets season" }, { "id": "2674605", "text": "route to the gold medal, breaking their drought of gold medals dating back to the 2000 Olympics. Howard averaged 10.9 points and 5.8 rebounds per game in the tournament. Standing at 6 feet 11 inches tall (2.11 m) and weighing 265 pounds (120 kg), Howard plays the center position. Howard led the NBA in rebounding from 2007 to 2010, and again from 2012 to 2013. Howard's rebounding is in part facilitated by his extraordinary athleticism; his running vertical leap was tested at 39.5 inches in 2011, rare for a player of his size. He demonstrated this skill in the 2007", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674579", "text": "and 23 rebounds in the Magic's 117–109 victory. On January 24, 2012, Howard became the Magic's all-time scoring leader, surpassing Nick Anderson's 10,650 points. On March 15, 2012, on the day of the trading deadline for the 2011–12 NBA season, Howard signed an amendment to his contract, waiving his right to opt out at the end of the season and committing to stay with the Magic through the 2012–13 season. He had previously asked to be traded to the New Jersey Nets, and the Magic were prepared to trade him had Howard not signed the amendment, to avoid losing him", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "20721724", "text": "on February 5, 2018, in a trade with the Milwaukee Bucks that sent Rashad Vaughn to the Nets in exchange for Tyler Zeller. However, just days before draft night, the Nets agreed to trade the 45th pick (which became Hamidou Diallo), another second round pick, Timofey Mozgov, and cash considerations to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Dwight Howard, although the trade would not be official until July 6, 2018. With the Nets' sole first round pick, Brooklyn selected the Bosnian-born Džanan Musa, a small forward from Croatia's Cedevita Zagreb, while with the second round pick the Nets selected the", "title": "2018–19 Brooklyn Nets season" }, { "id": "4918099", "text": "were about to be traded). On July 4, 2012, after two consecutive playoff exits in the semi-final round, Kupchak used a traded player exception (gained by trading Odom to the Dallas Mavericks) on two-time, former NBA Most Valuable Player, Steve Nash. The deal to get Nash in a Laker uniform was finalized for a package of future draft picks and cash considerations. That same summer, Kupchak dealt Andrew Bynum, who had just been voted to his first All-Star team, in a four-way trade for his Eastern Conference counterpart, three-time Defensive Player of the Year Dwight Howard. The move was announced", "title": "Mitch Kupchak" }, { "id": "2674612", "text": "tough situation, obviously... I should have been more responsible. I messed up. I sinned. But I won’t look at any of [my children] as a mistake. They’re all a blessing to me.'\" Howard keeps approximately 20 snakes as pets and has appeared twice in Animal Planet's reality TV series \"Tanked\". He owns a farm \"in north Georgia where he relaxes [with] cows, hogs, turkeys and deer,\" and also grows vegetables on his estate. Before he was drafted in 2004, Howard said that he wanted to use his NBA career and Christian faith to \"raise the name of God within the", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674580", "text": "as a free agent. On April 5, Van Gundy said that he was informed by management that Howard wanted him fired. During the interview, the center walked up and hugged his coach, unaware that Van Gundy had confirmed a report that Howard denied. Van Gundy was let go after the season. On April 19, 2012, Howard's agent said that Howard would undergo surgery to repair a herniated disk in his back, and would miss the rest of the 2011–12 season, as well as the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. During the offseason, Howard again requested the Magic trade him to", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "17738733", "text": "2013–14 Houston Rockets season The 2013–14 Houston Rockets season was the 47th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the 43rd based in Houston. The season is best remembered for acquiring All-Star Dwight Howard from the Los Angeles Lakers. With Howard teamed up with team captain James Harden, they gelled their first season together, being named as starters for the 2014 NBA All-Star Game. With Howard now as co-captain, the Rockets improved on last season and finished with a 54–28 record, finishing 4th in the Western Conference. They met the Portland Trail Blazers in the first", "title": "2013–14 Houston Rockets season" }, { "id": "2674559", "text": "of Southwest Atlanta Christian Academy, a private academy with one of the best high school basketball programs in the country, while his mother played on the inaugural women's basketball team at Morris Brown College. Howard's mother had seven miscarriages before he was born. A devout Christian since his youth, Howard became serious about basketball around the age of nine. Despite his large frame, Howard was quick and versatile enough to play the guard position. He elected to attend Southwest Atlanta Christian Academy for high school, and in his four years he played mostly as power forward, averaging 16.6 points, 13.4", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674591", "text": "by the Portland Trail Blazers in the first round, losing the series 4–2. Howard went on to earn All-NBA second team honors. After playing in the Rockets' first 10 out of 11 games to start the 2014–15 season, Howard missed 11 straight due to a strained right knee before returning to action on December 13 against the Denver Nuggets. In just under 30 minutes of play, he recorded 26 points and 13 rebounds to help the Rockets defeat the Nuggets, 108–96. To add to his return, Howard recorded his 10,000th career rebound during the second quarter. However, on January 31,", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "20557988", "text": "After joining Yahoo, Charania began to break significant deals in the NBA. He was the first to break a number of high-profile signings in the summer of 2016, including Dwight Howard's move to the Atlanta Hawks, DeMar DeRozan's re-signing with the Toronto Raptors, Luol Deng's signing with the Los Angeles Lakers, and Jamal Crawford's signing with the Los Angeles Clippers. This set off a friendly rivalry between Wojnarowski and Charania. In 2017, Charania broke signings by Stephen Curry, Blake Griffin, Jeff Teague, and Paul Millsap. On August 14, 2018, Shams announced via his twitter account he would be leaving Yahoo!", "title": "Shams Charania" }, { "id": "2674563", "text": "he became the first player in NBA history directly out of high school to start all 82 games during his rookie season. For his efforts, he was selected to play in the 2005 NBA Rookie Challenge, and was unanimously selected to the All-Rookie Team. He also finished third in the Rookie of the Year voting. Howard reported to camp for his second NBA season having added 20 pounds of muscle during the off-season. Orlando coach Brian Hill—responsible for grooming former Magic superstar Shaquille O'Neal—decided that Howard should be converted into a full-fledged center. Hill identified two areas where Howard needed", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "14820321", "text": "signed by the Washington Redskins on November 5, 2018, following season ending injuries to starting offensive linemen Brandon Scherff, and Shawn Lauvao. Howard has two brothers, Marcel and Aaron, who both played college football at Iowa State, and two sisters Amy and Ashley. Austin Howard Austin Howard (born March 22, 1987) is an American football offensive tackle for the Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Northern Iowa, and was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent in 2010. He has also been a member of the New York Jets, Oakland", "title": "Austin Howard" }, { "id": "2674592", "text": "2015, Howard was ruled out for a further month due to persistent trouble with his right knee. After setbacks forced him out for a further month and a total of 26 games, Howard returned to action on March 25 against the New Orleans Pelicans. He started the game but was held under 17 minutes by coach Kevin McHale and finished with just four points and seven rebounds in a 95–93 win. On November 4, 2015, Howard had 23 points and 14 rebounds against the Orlando Magic. He shot 10-of-10 to become the first Rocket to make 10 or more field", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "18128408", "text": "the NBA Summer League and signed with them on August 23. On September 25, he was traded, along with John Lucas III, Erik Murphy, Malcolm Thomas and the Cavaliers' 2016 and 2017 second-round picks, to the Boston Celtics in exchange for Keith Bogans and two future second-round picks. During his time with the Celtics, he was assigned multiple times to the Maine Red Claws of the NBA Development League. On December 18, 2014, Powell was traded, along with Rajon Rondo, to the Dallas Mavericks in exchange for Jae Crowder, Jameer Nelson, Brandan Wright, a 2015 first-round pick and a 2016", "title": "Dwight Powell" }, { "id": "5552172", "text": "and waiting for an opportunity.\" However, he hit just .184 with one home run and 11 strikeouts in 42 plate appearances for Gwinnett, and was released on May 8. On August 12, 2017, Howard agreed to a minor league contract with the Colorado Rockies and was assigned to the Triple-A Albuquerque Isotopes. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017. On September 4, 2018 Howard announced his retirement by publishing an article on The Players' Tribune . Howard has a fraternal twin brother named Corey, as well as an older brother and a sister. He says he is the smallest", "title": "Ryan Howard" }, { "id": "16114135", "text": "White's name from its Orlando Summer League roster, which was conspicuous according to \"Houston Chronicle\" writer Jonathan Feigen. Two days later, several news outlets confirmed that White and the rights to Furkan Aldemir had been traded to the Philadelphia 76ers for future considerations, which helped Houston clear $1.7 million of salary cap space to help sign Dwight Howard. As White waited for the trade to be approved, he played in a YMCA league. On July 13, the 76ers announced the deal officially. White participated in voluntary offseason workouts with the team and was expected to participate in training camp when", "title": "Royce White" }, { "id": "14820320", "text": "right tackle, having dealing with an ankle injury that caused him to miss five games. On July 28, 2017, Howard was released by the Raiders. On August 4, 2017, Howard signed a three-year, $16 million contract with the Baltimore Ravens after significant injuries to the team's offensive line during training camp. He started all 16 games at right tackle for the Ravens in 2017. On March 13, 2018, the Ravens declined the option on Howard's contract, making him a free agent. On May 9, 2018, Howard signed with the Indianapolis Colts. He was released on September 1, 2018. Howard was", "title": "Austin Howard" }, { "id": "7513946", "text": "16 rebounds in an 87–76 win over the Charlotte Hornets. With a 48–34 record, the Hawks entered the playoffs as the fourth seed in the East. They advanced through to the second round where they were swept by the Cleveland Cavaliers for the second straight year. On July 1, 2016, Horford became an unrestricted free agent. The Hawks were optimistic they could reach a new deal with Horford, but after the team committed much of their salary cap to pick up Dwight Howard, it would have taken a max offer to land Horford. Horford signed a four-year, $113 million contract", "title": "Al Horford" }, { "id": "2674561", "text": "of the McDonald's All-American Game that year. On January 31, 2012, Howard was honored as one of the 35 greatest McDonald's All-Americans. Following his high school successes, Howard chose to forego college and declared for the 2004 NBA draft—a decision partly inspired by his idol Kevin Garnett who had done the same in 1995—where the Orlando Magic selected him first overall over UConn junior Emeka Okafor. He took the number 12 for his jersey, in part because it was the reverse of Garnett's 21 when he played for Minnesota. Howard joined a depleted Magic squad that had finished with only", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "802407", "text": "Afflalo, Al Harrington, Nikola Vučević, Maurice Harkless, Josh McRoberts, Christian Eyenga, and five total protected future (three 1st round, two 2nd round) picks from each of the other three teams. The deal was officially confirmed and completed on August 10. Howard left the Magic as their all-time leading scorer, shot blocker, and rebounder. Following the trade of Dwight Howard, the Magic entered into a state of rebuilding with Maurice Harkless and Nikola Vučević. On August 29, the Magic signed free agent guard E'Twaun Moore. On December 2, 2012, Howard's first game against his former team, the Magic defeated the Lakers", "title": "Orlando Magic" }, { "id": "802377", "text": "Magic then signed free agent Hedo Türkoğlu. With the number one draft pick, the Magic selected high-school phenomenon and future All-Star and franchise cornerstone Dwight Howard, and a draft day trade with the Denver Nuggets got them point guard Jameer Nelson. After a promising 13–6 start, the Magic began to fall apart. First, Weisbrod traded Mobley for Doug Christie from the Sacramento Kings. Christie, because of his emotional ties to the Kings, at first refused to play for the Magic. Later on, Christie claimed he had bone spurs and was placed on the injured list after playing only a few", "title": "Orlando Magic" }, { "id": "2674608", "text": "do... If he gets any more athletic or jumps any higher, they're going to have to change the rules.\" In December 2007, ESPN writer David Thorpe declared Howard to be the most dominant center in the NBA. Many sports pundits rated Howard as one of the top young prospects in the NBA. Howard has some weaknesses in his game. Offensively, his shooting range remains limited; he also led the NBA in turnovers in the 2006–07 season. Like many centers, he has a low free throw conversion percentage. As a result, he is often a target of the Hack-a-Shaq defense and", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "18128411", "text": "On February 28, 2018, he again tied his career high with 21 points in a 111–110 overtime loss to the Oklahoma City Thunder. Dwight Powell Dwight Harlan Powell (born July 20, 1991) is a Canadian professional basketball player for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Stanford University and is a member of the Canadian national team. Powell attended IMG Academy in Bradenton, Florida. As a senior, he averaged 23.2 points, 11.6 rebounds, 4.4 assists and 2.3 blocks per game. Considered a five-star recruit by Rivals.com, Powell was listed as the No. 8", "title": "Dwight Powell" }, { "id": "2674577", "text": "to a lockout, the 2011–12 regular season was shortened to 66 games. Not long after the lockout ended, Howard, who was eligible to become a free agent at the end of the season, demanded a trade to the New Jersey Nets, Los Angeles Lakers or Dallas Mavericks. Howard stated that although his preference was to remain in Orlando, he did not feel the Magic organization was doing enough to build a championship contender. He would later meet with Magic officials and agree to back off his trade demands, but stated that he also felt the team needed to make changes", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674582", "text": "basketball after his April surgery, and only had the combined four weeks of training camp and preseason to prepare for the season. He played in just two preseason games, but was able to play in the 2012–13 season opener against the Dallas Mavericks. He had 19 points and 10 rebounds, but he was only 3-for-14 on free throws and fouled out; the Lakers lost 99–91. Still working himself into shape, Howard paced himself throughout the season on both offense and defense. On January 4, 2013, Howard injured his right shoulder in the second half of the Lakers' 107–102 loss to", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674571", "text": "halfway point of the season, Howard was leading the league in rebounds and blocks, and was among the league leaders in field goal percentage. He garnered a record 3.1 million votes to earn the starting berth on the Eastern Conference team for the 2009 NBA All-Star Game. On March 25, Howard led Orlando to its second straight Southeast Division title with 11 games of the regular season left to play, and eventually the third seed for the 2009 NBA Playoffs with a 59–23 record. In the first round of the playoffs against the 76ers, Howard recorded 24 points and 24", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "19398881", "text": "the Mountaineers, playing in 13 games. He helped lead his team to victory over Arizona State in the 2016 Cactus Bowl. Howard signed with the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent on May 12, 2017. He was waived by the Seahawks on June 15, 2017. On September 20, 2017, Howard was signed to the practice roster of the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. He was released from their practice roster on October 3, 2017. Howard currently plays overseas for the X-League of Japan. Howard started his first game completing 7 of 12 for 134 yards and 3", "title": "Skyler Howard" }, { "id": "2674615", "text": "Howard, along with several other NBA players, joined the Hoops for St. Jude charity program benefitting the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Elsewhere, Howard appeared as a special guest on an episode of the ABC series \"\" that aired April 2, 2006, in which Ty Pennington and his team built a new home and ministry offices for Sadie Holmes, who operates a social services ministry in the Orlando area. He made another appearance on the show in the October 9, 2011 episode. Along with Sam Worthington and Jonah Hill, Howard appeared in a commercial for the video game\" \". Howard,", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674613", "text": "league and throughout the world\". He has stated he believes in reaching out to his community and fans and thus contributes substantially in the field of philanthropy. As of 2007, Howard—an avid listener of Gospel music—attended the Fellowship of Faith Church in Atlanta and was involved and active with its youth programs. Together with his parents, Howard also established the Dwight D. Howard Foundation Inc. in 2004. The Foundation provides scholarships for students who want to attend his alma mater, Southwest Atlanta Christian Academy, and grants to Lovell Elementary School and Memorial Middle School in Orlando, Florida. The Foundation also", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "20366066", "text": "his four-year career at UNC, Howard played in 46 games. He caught 146 passes for 2,048 yards and scored 18 touchdowns. He had just four dropped passes in four seasons at UNC. After going undrafted in the 2017 NFL Draft, Howard was signed as a free agent by the Indianapolis Colts. He was waived by the Colts at the end of the 2017 preseason. On September 26, 2017, Howard was signed to the Cleveland Browns' practice squad. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Browns on January 1, 2018. He was waived by the Browns on April 12, 2018. On", "title": "Bug Howard" }, { "id": "802685", "text": "Conference semifinals to face the Washington Wizards, also defeating them in six games. It was the first time they had advanced past the second round since 1967, their next-to-last year in St. Louis. The Hawks advanced to the Eastern Conference finals for the first time in franchise history, where the club lost in four games to the Cleveland Cavaliers. On June 22, 2016, the Hawks traded Jeff Teague to Indiana in a three-team deal, that would give Utah's 12th pick in the 2016 NBA draft to the Hawks. On July 12, 2016, Dwight Howard agreed to return home to Atlanta", "title": "Atlanta Hawks" }, { "id": "2674598", "text": "straight game with at least 15 rebounds two days later against the Houston Rockets. On November 20, he had 25 points and 20 rebounds in a 118–102 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves, becoming the first Hornets player to record a 20–20 game since Al Jefferson in 2013. On December 4, he had 12 points and nine rebounds in a 104–94 win over the Orlando Magic. He moved past Paul Silas and Dikembe Mutombo for 19th on the all-time NBA rebounding list. On December 13, he tied a season high with 26 points and had 18 rebounds in a 108–96 loss", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "8224781", "text": "Patrick Fabian Patrick Fabian (born December 7, 1964) is an American actor of film, stage and television. He is best known for his role on \"Better Call Saul\" as the cocky, arrogant lawyer Howard Hamlin. His film roles include \"End Game\" (2006), \"The Last Exorcism\" (2010), \"Pig\" (2011) and \"Jimmy\" (2013). Fabian was born in Pittsburgh, and grew up in New Cumberland, Pennsylvania. His father worked for the Pennsylvania student loan program. He attended Penn State University and received his Bachelor of Fine Arts in Performance. He moved to California where he earned a master's degree from California State University,", "title": "Patrick Fabian" }, { "id": "18128407", "text": "Powell earned first-team All-Pac-12 honors for the second straight year, and was named to the NCAA All-South Regional Team. He was also named the Pac-12 Scholar-Athlete of the Year and a Pac-12 All-Academic Honorable Mention selection. In 36 games (all starts), he averaged 14.0 points and 6.9 rebounds per game. On June 26, 2014, Powell was selected with the 45th overall pick in the 2014 NBA draft by the Charlotte Hornets. On July 12, Powell's rights were traded, along with Brendan Haywood, to the Cleveland Cavaliers in exchange for Scotty Hopson and cash considerations. He then joined the Cavaliers for", "title": "Dwight Powell" }, { "id": "2674599", "text": "to the Houston Rockets. On December 29, he recorded a season-high 29 points, 12 rebounds and seven assists in a 111–100 win over the Golden State Warriors. On January 24, in his 1,000th career game, Howard had 22 points and 16 rebounds in a 101–96 loss to the New Orleans Pelicans. Three days later, he recorded 20 points and 16 rebounds in a 95–91 loss to the Miami Heat. He also blocked four shots, the last of those giving him 2,000 in his career. On February 4, in a 115–110 win over the Phoenix Suns, Howard recorded 18 points and", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "18128405", "text": "Dwight Powell Dwight Harlan Powell (born July 20, 1991) is a Canadian professional basketball player for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Stanford University and is a member of the Canadian national team. Powell attended IMG Academy in Bradenton, Florida. As a senior, he averaged 23.2 points, 11.6 rebounds, 4.4 assists and 2.3 blocks per game. Considered a five-star recruit by Rivals.com, Powell was listed as the No. 8 power forward and the No. 25 player in the nation in 2010. As a freshman at Stanford in 2010–11, Powell earned Pac-10 All-Freshman", "title": "Dwight Powell" }, { "id": "4600844", "text": "Clark for Vince Carter, Marcin Gortat, Mickaël Piétrus, a 2011 first-round draft pick and $3 million cash. In December 2011, Richardson agreed to a four-year, $25 million contract to remain in Orlando. The Magic made the playoffs in Richardson's first year with the team, losing in the first round to the Atlanta Hawks. On August 10, 2012, Richardson was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers in a four-team deal which sent Dwight Howard to the Los Angeles Lakers. He managed just 33 games in 2012–13 before being ruled out for the rest of the season in January 2013 after undergoing surgery", "title": "Jason Richardson" }, { "id": "20341744", "text": "March 26 and 27, the Blue Jays returned to Montreal's Olympic Stadium for two games against the St. Louis Cardinals. The team finished spring training with a 14–18 record and one tie. The 2018 Major League Baseball draft began on June 4 and concluded on June 6. The Blue Jays opened the 2018 regular season with a four-game series against the New York Yankees. Roy Halladay, who died in the offseason in a plane crash, was honoured before the game and had his number 32 retired by the team. In the first game, Yankees' offseason acquisition Giancarlo Stanton led the", "title": "2018 Toronto Blue Jays season" }, { "id": "17295528", "text": "5 draft. MLB.com columnist Jonathan Mayo named him one of the top available prospects heading into the draft. Smith was invited to Major League spring training on January 12, 2016, and reassigned to minor league camp on March 7. He was assigned to New Hampshire to open the 2016 minor league season. Smith played 126 games for the Fisher Cats in 2016, and hit .265 with a career-high 15 home runs and 74 RBI. He was assigned to the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons to open the 2017 season. On May 18, 2017, Smith was called up by the Blue Jays, and", "title": "Dwight Smith Jr." }, { "id": "12347561", "text": "about his Rocket teammates James Harden and Dwight Howard, describing their relationship as \"Hi & bye. They even eat separately from the team. Usually in some fast food place.\" The comments came in an interview with Lithuanian media. It was later revealed that Motiejūnas was misquoted in his comments due to an incorrect translation by Lithuanian media from Lithuanian to English. On October 30, 2014, the Rockets exercised their fourth-year team option on Motiejūnas' rookie scale contract, extending the contract through the 2015–16 season. With Dwight Howard out for a string of 11 games during November and December, and Terrence", "title": "Donatas Motiejūnas" }, { "id": "2674566", "text": "and for the third consecutive season, he played in all 82 regular season games. On February 1, 2007, he received his first NBA All-Star selection as a reserve on the Eastern Conference squad for the 2007 NBA All-Star Game. Howard finished the game with 20 points and 12 rebounds. Less than a week later, he scored a career-high 32 points against the Toronto Raptors. On February 9, he made a game-winning alley-oop off an inbound pass at the buzzer against the San Antonio Spurs. Howard set a new career high with 35 points against the Philadelphia 76ers on April 14.", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674575", "text": "and their third consecutive division title. The Magic's playoff run resulted another Eastern Conference Finals appearance, where they lost in six games to the Celtics. For the season, Howard won the Defensive Player of the Year Award for the second straight year. He became the first player in NBA history to lead the league in blocks and rebounds in the same season twice—and for two years in a row. In the 2010–11 season, Howard posted career highs in points and shooting percentage. He became the first player in league history to win defensive player of the year for three consecutive", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674560", "text": "rebounds and 6.3 blocks per game in 129 appearances. As a senior, Howard led his team to a 31–2 record and the 2004 state title, while averaging 25 points, 18 rebounds, 8.1 blocks and 3.5 assists per game. That same year, Howard was widely recognized as the best American high school basketball player, and he was awarded the Naismith Prep Player of the Year Award, the Morgan Wootten High School Player of the Year Award, Gatorade National Player of the Year and the McDonald's National High School Player of the Year honor. He was also co-MVP (with J. R. Smith)", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674600", "text": "14 rebounds for his 700th career double-double. On February 22, he recorded 15 points and a season-high 24 rebounds in a 111–96 win over the Brooklyn Nets. On March 6, he scored a season-high 30 points in a 128–114 loss to the Philadelphia 76ers. On March 15, he scored 20 of his season-high 33 points in the second half of the Hornets' 129–117 win over the Atlanta Hawks. On March 21, Howard recorded 32 points and a franchise-record 30 rebounds in a 111–105 win over the Nets, becoming just the eighth player in league history with a 30–30 game. He", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "802402", "text": "Playoffs, the first time head coach Stan Van Gundy was eliminated early in the playoffs. In a shortened 2012 season, due to the NBA Lockout, the Magic started the offseason on a rocky note, with their All-Star center, Dwight Howard, requesting a trade to either the New Jersey Nets, Los Angeles Lakers, or Dallas Mavericks. Overlooking the trade request the Magic did a sign and trade with the Boston Celtics for Glen Davis and Von Wafer in exchange for Brandon Bass. The Magic also amnestied Gilbert Arenas and signed Larry Hughes, Justin Harper, and DeAndre Liggins. The Magic started the", "title": "Orlando Magic" }, { "id": "5430160", "text": "ever to play in an NBA game. After seven seasons with the Lakers, he was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers in 2012 as part of a four-team deal that sent All-Star center Dwight Howard to Los Angeles. Bynum missed the entire 2012–13 season because of knee problems. He signed as a free agent with the Cleveland Cavaliers, where he briefly played before being traded to the Chicago Bulls, who subsequently released him. He then signed with the Indiana Pacers for the remainder of the 2013–14 season. Bynum was born in Plainsboro Township, New Jersey. His parents, Ernest Bynum and Janet", "title": "Andrew Bynum" }, { "id": "802406", "text": "to the Hornets. In return the Magic received center Gustavo Ayon. On July 28, 2012, Jacque Vaughn was named the new head coach. He had been the assistant coach for the San Antonio Spurs for the last two seasons. On August 9, 2012, ESPN reported that a four-team trade would send Dwight Howard to the Los Angeles Lakers. ESPN.com's Marc Stein was told the Lakers were to acquire Howard, Chris Duhon and Earl Clark, the Denver Nuggets were to acquire Andre Iguodala, the Philadelphia 76ers were to acquire Andrew Bynum and Jason Richardson, and the Magic were to acquire Arron", "title": "Orlando Magic" }, { "id": "20341738", "text": "who had recently hired former Blue Jays general manager Alex Anthopoulos. On December 1, Tinnish announced he had withdrawn from his position with Atlanta and would remain with Toronto. Also on December 1, the Blue Jays non-tendered Ryan Goins and Tom Koehler, and traded minor league outfielder J. B. Woodman to the St. Louis Cardinals for infielder Aledmys Díaz. Head athletic trainer George Poulis, who had been with the Blue Jays organization for 18 years, was hired by the Atlanta Braves on December 5. On January 6, 2018, the Blue Jays traded Edward Olivares and Jared Carkuff to the San", "title": "2018 Toronto Blue Jays season" }, { "id": "20668316", "text": "in the Southland Conference. At the conclusion of the regular season, he was named Southland Player of the Year. Howard was a Third Team Academic All-American and graduated with a degree in filmmaking. After going undrafted in the 2018 NBA draft, Howard signed with the Golden State Warriors for NBA Summer League. He was selected by the Santa Cruz Warriors with the 10th pick in the 2018 NBA G League draft. He was not named to the team’s final roster. On November 25, 2018, Howard signed with the Texas Legends. Jordan Howard (basketball) Jordan Howard (born January 6, 1996) is", "title": "Jordan Howard (basketball)" }, { "id": "2674606", "text": "Slam Dunk Contest, where he completed an alley oop dunk from teammate Jameer Nelson while slapping a sticker onto the backboard at high. The sticker showed an image of his own smiling face with a handwritten \"All things through Christ Phil: 4:13\", a paraphrase of . Howard's leaping reach of is the highest documented in NBA history, higher than Shaquille O'Neal's previous record of . As of December 2018, Howard's career average of 12.7 rebounds per game (in the regular season) ranked 13th in NBA history. Howard's abilities and powerful physique have drawn attention from fellow NBA All-Stars. Tim Duncan", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "15086199", "text": "July 30, 2014, King and the Los Angeles Kings avoided arbitration by agreeing to a three-year contract worth $5.95 million. He scored 13 goals to go with 13 assists for the Kings during the 2014-15 NHL Season. On March 1, 2017, King was traded to the Montreal Canadiens for a conditional 2018 fourth-round draft pick. On August 14, 2017, King signed his first contract overseas, agreeing to a two-year deal with Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Following the 2017–18 season, in which he contributed with 6 goals and 14 points in 49 games, King was released from", "title": "Dwight King" }, { "id": "2674565", "text": "2006, he recorded a career-high 26 rebounds against the Philadelphia 76ers; his 28 points in that game also brought him close to an NBA rarity, a 30–30 game. Overall, he averaged 15.8 points and 12.5 rebounds per game, ranking second in the NBA in rebounds per game, offensive rebounds, and double doubles; and sixth in field goal percentage. Despite Howard's improvement, the Magic finished the season with a 36–46 record and failed to qualify for the playoffs for the second consecutive season since Howard's arrival. Howard took another step forward as the franchise player for Orlando in the 2006–07 season,", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674576", "text": "seasons. Howard led the league in double doubles and also averaged 14.1 rebounds, 2.3 blocks and a career-high 1.3 steals this season. He led the Magic to 52 wins, as they finished as the fourth seed in the Eastern Conference. They went on to lose to the Atlanta Hawks in the first round of 2011 NBA Playoffs. He had a playoff career-high 46 points and 19 rebounds in Orlando's 103–93 loss to Atlanta in Game 1. Howard led the NBA in technical fouls with 18 in the regular season, and received one-game suspensions after his 16th and 18th technicals. Due", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674611", "text": "charged in connection with the allegations. Howard was also involved in a civil case with Reed over custody of their son. Howard has said, \"'I came from a little box where everyone wanted to protect me from the big world I was about to enter. But when I finally got into that world and took a look around, I wanted to experience all of it.'\" As of September 2017, Howard—who has never married—had fathered five children by five different women living in three different states. The children reportedly \"visit Atlanta every off-season.\" In a 2017 interview, Howard said, \"'It’s a", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "2674588", "text": "the opening round 4–0 by San Antonio. Howard was ejected in Game 4 with over nine minutes left in the third quarter after receiving his second technical foul. Howard finished the season with his lowest scoring average since his second year in the NBA, and he made under 50% of his free throws for the second straight year. However, he was the league leader in rebounding and ranked second in field goal percentage. Although he was recovering from his back surgery, he only missed six games all season—all due to his torn labrum. Howard was named to the All-NBA Third", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "5430185", "text": "are actually kind of easy.\" The Lakers eventually won the series 4–3 with Bynum contributing a career playoff-high 18 rebounds in Game 7. On June 4, 2012, the Lakers exercised their $16.1-million team option on Bynum's contract for the 2012–13 season. On August 10, he was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers in a four-team deal which also sent Dwight Howard from the Magic to the Lakers and Andre Iguodala from the 76ers to the Denver Nuggets. The Magic decided against receiving Bynum due to concerns over his knees and his upcoming free agent status. About a week before training camp,", "title": "Andrew Bynum" }, { "id": "19979207", "text": "In 27 total games between Modesto and Hartford, Howard pitched to a 9-9 record and 3.35 ERA. Howard was invited by the Rockies to 2017 spring training. He returned to Hartford to begin 2017, and after posting a 2.33 ERA and 0.88 WHIP in 46.1 innings, he was promoted to the Albuquerque Isotopes of the Class AAA Pacific Coast League, where he finished the season, going 4-4 with a 3.89 ERA. The Rockies added him to their 40-man roster after the season. Howard began the 2018 season with Albuquerque. He made his major league debut on June 10. He threw", "title": "Sam Howard" }, { "id": "16478541", "text": "by the Seahawks on August 31, 2013. Howard was claimed off waivers by the Chiefs on September 1, 2013. On March 9, 2016, Howard signed a two-year $12 million deal to stay with the Chiefs through 2017. He was placed on injured reserve on December 1, 2016 with a hip injury. On April 22, 2017, Howard was released by the Chiefs. On May 4, 2017, Howard signed a one-year contract with the Chicago Bears . He was released on September 2, 2017. Jaye Howard Jaye Howard Jr. (born December 20, 1988) is an American football defensive end who is currently", "title": "Jaye Howard" }, { "id": "16718811", "text": "loss to Chelsea. On 9 December, Gayle was involved in both Newcastle goals in a 3–2 loss to Leicester City, assisting Joselu for the first and then scoring the equaliser. In the second half of the season, Gayle remained a first team regular, but only scored three more goals for Newcastle – a brace against AFC Bournemouth in a 2–2 draw on 24 February 2018, and a goal against Chelsea in a 3–0 win, the final day of the season. On 6 August 2018, Gayle joined newly relegated Championship club West Bromwich Albion on a season-long loan deal from Newcastle.", "title": "Dwight Gayle" }, { "id": "18128410", "text": "points on January 17, 2016 in a loss to the San Antonio Spurs. On March 28, 2016, Powell made his first NBA start and scored a career-high 16 points in a 97–88 win over the Denver Nuggets. On July 8, 2016, Powell re-signed with the Mavericks. On December 3, 2016, he set a new career high with 17 points in a 107–82 win over the Chicago Bulls. On April 9, 2017, he scored 21 points against the Phoenix Suns. On January 3, 2018, Powell tied his career high with 21 points in a 125–122 loss to the Golden State Warriors.", "title": "Dwight Powell" }, { "id": "2674586", "text": "healthier diet to get into better shape to anchor the Lakers' defense and run D'Antoni's preferred pick and rolls. He looked fresher after the break. Still, on February 23, Howard said he was \"not even close\" to physically being where he wanted to be. Coach Mike D'Antoni attributed his conditioning to his difficulty with running the pick and roll with Steve Nash, a play the coach had expected would be a staple for the team. The Lakers were 8–2 after the All-Star break, passing Utah for the eighth and final playoff spot in the Western Conference, and Howard had 10", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "803547", "text": "against the Warriors. Like in the previous year, the Rockets were once again defeated by Golden State in 5 games. During the 2016 off-season, Mike D'Antoni was named as the Rockets' new head coach, and Dwight Howard opted out of his contract's final year, becoming a free agent. In the following free-agency period, the Rockets looked to embrace the play styles of both coach D'Antoni and Harden through the signings of Ryan Anderson and Eric Gordon, two predominately perimeter players and good fits in Houston's up-tempo offense style. When the 2016–17 season started, Harden was off to a great start", "title": "Houston Rockets" }, { "id": "16718798", "text": "Dwight Gayle Dwight Devon Boyd Gayle (born 17 October 1989) is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker for West Bromwich Albion of the Championship, on loan from club Newcastle United. Gayle began his career in the Arsenal Academy. After being released as a teenager, over the following seasons he worked his way back up through the English football pyramid via stints at Ryan, Stansted, Bishop's Stortford, Dagenham & Redbridge and Peterborough United, before establishing himself in the Premier League with Crystal Palace. In 2016, he signed for Newcastle United. Gayle was born in Walthamstow, London. He started", "title": "Dwight Gayle" }, { "id": "2674607", "text": "once remarked in 2007: \"[Howard] is so developed... He has so much promise and I am glad that I will be out of the league when he is peaking.\" Kevin Garnett echoed those sentiments: \"[Howard] is a freak of nature, man... I was nowhere near that physically talented. I wasn't that gifted, as far as body and physical presence.\" Subsequent to a game in the 2009 NBA Playoffs, Philadelphia 76ers swingman Andre Iguodala said: \"It's like he can guard two guys at once. He can guard his guy and the guy coming off the pick-and-roll, which is almost impossible to", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "6240191", "text": "He is also known for his romantic relationship with Angela. He has at times risen to the position of acting Branch Manager of the Scranton branch, but often serves as a second or third in command as Assistant to the Regional Manager. Dwight was also the Vice President of Special Projects Development for the Sabre Corporation, but was soon replaced by Todd Packer who was eventually terminated. In the final season, Dwight is finally offered the position of permanent Regional Manager. Dwight Schrute is portrayed by American actor Rainn Wilson. In a Rolling Stone interview, Seth Rogen said he auditioned", "title": "Dwight Schrute" }, { "id": "3319110", "text": "game winning buzzer beater against the Denver Nuggets to secure an 85-82 victory for Orlando. On April 10, 2011, Nelson's last-second three-pointer was ruled \"no basket\", and the Magic lost to the Chicago Bulls 102–99. Nelson and Dwight Howard, who were close friends since their rookie seasons, were on opposite sides of a trade that sent Rashard Lewis to Washington in exchange for Gilbert Arenas (Nelson considered Lewis one of the team's leaders while Howard reportedly pushed management into making the trade). Their relationship was further strained when Howard publicly stated his desire to play with a superstar point guard", "title": "Jameer Nelson" }, { "id": "7400764", "text": "August 10, 2012, McRoberts was traded to the Orlando Magic as part of the blockbuster deal that sent All-Star center Dwight Howard to the Lakers. On February 21, 2013, McRoberts was traded to the Charlotte Bobcats for Hakim Warrick. On July 11, 2013, McRoberts re-signed with the Bobcats. On March 28, 2014, McRoberts scored a career high 24 points in a loss to the Orlando Magic. He finished the season with career highs in games played and started with 78 each. On April 30, 2014, McRoberts underwent successful surgery to remove bone spurs from his left big toe. On June", "title": "Josh McRoberts" }, { "id": "13417713", "text": "NBA game, Baynes recorded seven points, nine rebounds and one block in a 102–78 win over the Charlotte Bobcats. During the 2012–13 season, he was assigned multiple times to the Austin Toros of the NBA Development League. He made his first NBA start in Game 4 of the Spurs' first-round playoff match-up against the Los Angeles Lakers, and was tasked with defending Dwight Howard. The Spurs went on to reach the 2013 NBA Finals but lost the series in seven games to the Miami Heat. On 1 December 2013, Baynes was reassigned to the Austin Toros. He was recalled on", "title": "Aron Baynes" }, { "id": "15617273", "text": "2004–05 Orlando Magic season The 2004–05 season was the 16th season of the Orlando Magic in the National Basketball Association (NBA). After finishing the previous year with a league-worst 21–61 record, the Magic won the NBA Draft Lottery for the third time in franchise history, and selected high school star Dwight Howard with the first overall pick in the 2004 NBA draft. During the offseason, the Magic acquired All-Star guard Steve Francis and Cuttino Mobley from the Houston Rockets, and signed free agent Hedo Turkoglu. The team looked to be a playoff contender playing above .500 for the first half", "title": "2004–05 Orlando Magic season" }, { "id": "19979206", "text": "signed with the Rockies, receiving a $672,100 signing bonus. Howard made his professional debut with the Grand Junction Rockies of the Rookie-level Pioneer League, where he spent all of 2014, posting a 1-3 record with a 5.40 ERA in 14 games. In 2015, he played for the Asheville Tourists of the Class A South Atlantic League where he went 11-9 with a 3.43 ERA, along with a 1.22 WHIP. Howard began the 2016 season with the Modesto Nuts of the Class A-Advanced California League, and received a midseason promotion to the Hartford Yard Goats of the Class AA Eastern League.", "title": "Sam Howard" }, { "id": "14649106", "text": "2010–11 Orlando Magic season The 2010–11 Orlando Magic season was the 22nd season of the Orlando Magic in the National Basketball Association (NBA). This was their first season at the Amway Center. In the playoffs, the Magic lost to the Atlanta Hawks in six games in the First Round. Dwight Howard was named a starter for the East in the 2011 All-Star game with 2,099,204 votes. Dwight Howard was suspended by the NBA from the game on March 7 after accumulating 16 technical fouls. Dwight Howard was suspended by the NBA from the game on April 10 after accumulating 18", "title": "2010–11 Orlando Magic season" }, { "id": "15465880", "text": "signed a two-year contract extension with Strasbourg. On August 1, 2017, Howard signed with the Israeli team Hapoel Tel Aviv for the 2017–18 season. On April 2, 2018, Howard recorded a season-high 20 points, shooting 8-of-12 from the field, along with six rebounds in 85–80 win over Maccabi Tel Aviv. Howard helped Hapoel to reach the 2018 Israeli League Final Four. In a story immediately before the 2011 Final Four, Rick Reilly noted that Howard \"looks more like a geeky band-camp RA than a possible NBA first rounder\", but added: He is also known for eccentricities both on and off", "title": "Matt Howard" }, { "id": "7842083", "text": "Summer Olympics in Seoul, Korea, he played on the Canadian national team with longtime friend Wayne Yearwood, who is also from Montreal. He later went on to play with the Oklahoma City Cavalry in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA), and with the Montreal Dragons of the now defunct National Basketball League. In 1993, he played basketball on the Canadian national team with a little-known 18-year-old from Victoria, British Columbia, by the name of Steve Nash, now a two-time NBA MVP. Walton went on to play professionally in Israel, France, and Switzerland before returning to Montreal to play for the Montreal", "title": "Dwight Walton" }, { "id": "17417001", "text": "2016, Buycks re-signed with the Fujian Sturgeons for the 2016–17 CBA season. In July 2017, Buycks joined the Dallas Mavericks for the Orlando Summer League. He helped lead them to the championship, scoring a team-leading 28 points in their overtime win over the Detroit Pistons. On September 12, 2017, Buycks signed a two-way contract with the Detroit Pistons. Under the terms of the deal, he will split time between the Pistons and their NBA G League affiliate, the Grand Rapids Drive. Four months later, on January 12, 2018, Buycks' deal would be converted into a full, regular season deal. He", "title": "Dwight Buycks" }, { "id": "802520", "text": "The 76ers selected Maurice Harkless, and Arnett Moultrie (via trade with Miami) in the 2012 NBA draft. The Sixers then used their amnesty clause on Brand, traded for Dorell Wright, signed Nick Young, Kwame Brown, and Ivey, and re-signed Spencer Hawes, while Lavoy Allen, Williams, and Jodie Meeks left through free agency. On August 9, 2012, the 76ers agreed to a four-team trade with the Los Angeles Lakers, the Magic, and the Nuggets. In the trade that sent six-time All-Star Dwight Howard to the Lakers, Philadelphia agreed to send 2011 first-round pick Nikola Vučević, 2012 first-round draft pick Harkless, and", "title": "Philadelphia 76ers" }, { "id": "11375273", "text": "points and 11 rebounds. In August 2011 during the 2011 NBA lockout, Clark signed a one-year contract with Zhejiang Lions in China. However, the next month, he asked to leave the team for family reasons after not appearing in a game for the club. He re-signed with Orlando in December. On August 10, 2012, Clark was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers as part of a four-team trade that sent Dwight Howard to the Lakers. The Denver Nuggets acquired Andre Iguodala, the Philadelphia 76ers received Andrew Bynum and Jason Richardson, and the Orlando Magic got Arron Afflalo, Al Harrington, Nikola", "title": "Earl Clark" }, { "id": "10954522", "text": "His older brother Dwayne Johnson lives in Houston, TX. His younger brother, Derrick Johnson, plays for the Kansas City Chiefs. Dwight Johnson (American football) Dwight O'Neal Johnson (born January 30, 1977 in Waco, Texas) is a former American football defensive end in the National Football League for the Philadelphia Eagles and the New York Giants. He played college football at Baylor University. He also played for the New England Patriots and was cut after the 2004-2005 season after they beat the Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl 39. He now owns and lives in McDonough, Georgia at a Speed, Agility and", "title": "Dwight Johnson (American football)" } ]	who does dwight howard play for right now
[ "1938" ]	[ { "id": "6859782", "text": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film) The Sword in the Stone is a 1963 American animated musical fantasy comedy film produced by Walt Disney and released by Buena Vista Distribution. The 18th Disney animated feature film, it was the final Disney animated film to be released before Walt Disney's death. The songs in the film were written and composed by the Sherman Brothers, who later wrote music for other Disney films like \"Mary Poppins\" (1964), \"The Jungle Book\" (1967), \"The Aristocats\" (1970), and \"Bedknobs and Broomsticks\" (1971). The film is based on the novel of the same name, which", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "1541561", "text": "in the original (notably Merlyn's battle with Madam Mim which appeared in the Disney film). Some critics considered the revised version to be inferior to the original. Publishers have tended to carry on using the original versions when they were published independently of the tetralogy; the original, American, and \"Once and Future King\" versions are still in print. The reasons White made the last revisions are open to speculation. \"The Sword in the Stone\", although it includes some serious themes, is to some extent a rather whimsical fantasy of Merry England. Its connection with the classical Arthurian legend was actually", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (novel)" }, { "id": "1541558", "text": "The Sword in the Stone (novel) The Sword in the Stone is a novel by British writer T. H. White, published in 1938, initially as a stand-alone work but now the first part of a tetralogy, \"The Once and Future King\". A fantasy of the boyhood of King Arthur, it is a \"sui generis\" work which combines elements of legend, history, fantasy and comedy. Walt Disney Productions adapted the story to an animated film, and the BBC adapted it to radio. The premise is that Arthur's youth, not dealt with in Malory, was a time when he was tutored by", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (novel)" }, { "id": "6859783", "text": "was first published in 1938 as a single novel. It was later republished in 1958 as the first book of T. H. White's tetralogy \"The Once and Future King\". \"The Sword in the Stone\" was released to theaters on December 25, 1963 to mixed reviews, though it was a box office success. A live-action adaptation of the film directed by Juan Carlos Fresnadillo is scheduled to be released in 2019. The King of England, Uther Pendragon, dies. No heir to the throne is named, and England is threatened to be torn apart by war. Miraculously, the legendary \"Sword in the", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "1541564", "text": "in the Stone\" was awarded the Retro-Hugo Award for Best Novel for 1939. The Sword in the Stone (novel) The Sword in the Stone is a novel by British writer T. H. White, published in 1938, initially as a stand-alone work but now the first part of a tetralogy, \"The Once and Future King\". A fantasy of the boyhood of King Arthur, it is a \"sui generis\" work which combines elements of legend, history, fantasy and comedy. Walt Disney Productions adapted the story to an animated film, and the BBC adapted it to radio. The premise is that Arthur's youth,", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (novel)" }, { "id": "423663", "text": "T. H. White Terence Hanbury \"Tim\" White (29 May 1906 – 17 January 1964) was an English author best known for his Arthurian novels, \"The Once and Future King\", first published together in 1958. One of his most memorable is the first of the series, \"The Sword in the Stone\", published as a stand-alone book in 1938. He was born in Bombay, British India, to English parents Garrick Hanbury White, a superintendent in the Indian police, and Constance Edith Southcote Aston. White had a troubled childhood, with an alcoholic father and an emotionally cold mother, and his parents separated when", "title": "T. H. White" }, { "id": "6859806", "text": "was announced that Juan Carlos Fresnadillo will direct the film. Principal production commenced on September 24, 2018, in Belfast, Northern Ireland. On September 17, 2018 cinematographer Enrique Chediak joined the project. The Sword in the Stone (1963 film) The Sword in the Stone is a 1963 American animated musical fantasy comedy film produced by Walt Disney and released by Buena Vista Distribution. The 18th Disney animated feature film, it was the final Disney animated film to be released before Walt Disney's death. The songs in the film were written and composed by the Sherman Brothers, who later wrote music for", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "6859790", "text": "film rights to T. H. White's \"The Sword in the Stone\", and the initial storyboards were produced in 1949. When work on \"One Hundred and One Dalmatians\" was completed in 1960, two projects were in development, which were \"Chanticleer\" and \"The Sword in the Stone\". The former was developed by Ken Anderson and Marc Davis who aimed to produce a feature animated film in a more contemporary setting. Both of them had visited the Disney archives, and decided to adapt the satirical tale into production upon glancing at earlier conceptions dating back to the 1940s. Anderson, Davis, Milt Kahl, and", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "1541560", "text": "everyone else). The English Collins first edition was partially rewritten for Putnam in America. The version appearing in 1958 in the tetralogy was substantially revised, partly to incorporate events and themes that White had originally intended to cover in a fifth volume (which was finally published after his death, as \"The Book of Merlyn\"). To this end, the revised version includes several new episodes, including a pacifist passage in which Arthur is transformed into a wild goose that flies so high as to not be able to perceive national boundaries. It leaves out some of the episodes that had appeared", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (novel)" }, { "id": "6859793", "text": "work. I was the midst of all this competition, and with Walt to please, too.\" Writing in his autobiography, Peet decided to write a screenplay before producing storyboards, though he found the narrative \"complicated, with the Arthurian legend woven into a mixture of other legends and myths\" and finding a direct storyline required \"sifting and sorting\". After Walt received the first screenplay draft, he told Peet that it should have more substance. On his second draft, Peet lengthened it by enlarging on the more dramatic aspects of the story, in which Walt approved of through a call from Palm Springs,", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "423667", "text": "his lifelong involvement in natural history. \"The Sword in the Stone\" was critically well-received and was a Book of the Month Club selection in 1939. In February 1939, White moved to Doolistown in County Meath, Ireland, where he lived out the Second World War as a \"de facto\" conscientious objector. In Ireland, he wrote most of what would later become \"The Once and Future King\"; two sequels to \"The Sword in the Stone\" were published during this time: \"The Witch in the Wood\" (later cut and rewritten as \"The Queen of Air and Darkness\") in 1939, and \"The Ill-Made Knight\"", "title": "T. H. White" }, { "id": "6859805", "text": "Hearts Birth by Sleep\", Merlin encounters Terra, Aqua and Ventus, and grants them each access to the Hundred Acre Wood. The prequel also reveals that it was Terra who gave him the book in the first place after finding it in Radiant Garden. According to series creator Tetsuya Nomura, a world based on the film was initially to appear in \"\", but the idea was scrapped. According to \"The Hollywood Reporter\" in 2015, Disney began developing a live-action film adaptation to be offered on their streaming service Disney+ with Bryan Cogman writing and Brigham Taylor producing. In January 2018, it", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "423668", "text": "in 1940. The version of \"The Sword in the Stone\" included in \"The Once and Future King\" differs in several respects from the earlier version. It is darker, and some critics prefer the earlier version. The war had a profound effect on these tales of King Arthur, which include commentaries on war and human nature in the form of a heroic narrative. In 1946, White settled in Alderney, the third-largest Channel Island, where he lived for the rest of his life. The same year, White published \"Mistress Masham's Repose\", a children's book in which a young girl discovers a group", "title": "T. H. White" }, { "id": "423677", "text": "the components of the book is a biographical account of White and also \"The Goshawk\", an account of his own failed attempt to train a hawk. T. H. White Terence Hanbury \"Tim\" White (29 May 1906 – 17 January 1964) was an English author best known for his Arthurian novels, \"The Once and Future King\", first published together in 1958. One of his most memorable is the first of the series, \"The Sword in the Stone\", published as a stand-alone book in 1938. He was born in Bombay, British India, to English parents Garrick Hanbury White, a superintendent in the", "title": "T. H. White" }, { "id": "6859798", "text": "or Treatment in 1963, but lost against \"Irma La Douce\". In 2008, the American Film Institute nominated \"The Sword in the Stone\" for its Top 10 Animated Films list. \"The Sword in the Stone\" was released on North American VHS, Betamax, and Laserdisc in early 1986 as a part of the Walt Disney Classics collection as well as another VHS and Laserdisc release on July 12, 1991. It was first released on VHS in the UK in 1988 followed by a re-issue the following year. It was re-released on VHS and Laserdisc on October 28, 1994 as a part of", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "1541563", "text": "by Buena Vista Distribution. Like most Disney films, it is based on the general plot of the original story, but much of the substance of the story is considerably changed. The BBC broadcast a six-part radio dramatisation in 1939, with incidental music by Benjamin Britten. It was revived in 1952, following re-discovery of Britten's score after it had been thought lost. A further BBC radio adaptation in 1982 starred Michael Hordern as Merlyn. Hordern had already starred as another great literary wizard, Tolkien's Gandalf, in the BBC's 1981 radio adaptation of \"The Lord of the Rings\". In 2014, \"The Sword", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (novel)" }, { "id": "2506836", "text": "Book of Merlyn\" (part 5) to his publisher with the intent that all five parts be published together as a single book. The publisher declined due to wartime paper shortages and White's antiwar message. White salvaged parts of the rejected text by including scenes from \"The Book of Merlyn\" in the revised \"The Sword in the Stone\" part of \"The Once and Future King\" that was published in 1958. The Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center of the University of Texas at Austin purchased the bulk of White's personal papers and manuscripts between 1967 and 1969. In 1975 the original manuscript", "title": "The Book of Merlyn" }, { "id": "6859802", "text": "has appeared in numerous comics produced in the United States by Studio Program in the 1960s and 1970s, often as a sidekick of Magica. Most of the stories were published in Europe and South America. Among the artists are Jim Fletcher, Tony Strobl, Wolfgang Schäfer, and Katja Schäfer. Several new characters were introduced in these stories, including Samson Hex, an apprentice of Mim and Magica. Madam Mim appears in the video game \"World of Illusion\" as the fourth boss of that game. Merlin is a supporting character in the \"Kingdom Hearts\" series, now voiced by Jeff Bennett in \"Kingdom Hearts", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "16475194", "text": "preface by \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" author George R. R. Martin. He was educated at the Juilliard School and graduated with a B.F.A. in Acting. In 2014, Cogman was hired by 20th Century Fox to write a feature film based on characters and stories from \"\", a popular fantasy trading card game. Cogman gave an interview with ThinkProgress in 2012. In 2015, it was announced he would pen the live-action remake of \"The Sword in the Stone\" for Disney. In September 2017, Cogman was announced as a creator of a developing fifth \"Game of Thrones\" prequel series. Bryan", "title": "Bryan Cogman" }, { "id": "8251135", "text": "said in \"O\" that \"Goudge was the only [author] whose influence I was conscious of. She always described exactly what the children were eating, and I really liked knowing what they had in their sandwiches.\" Rowling also cites the work of T. H. White, a grammar school teacher, and the author of the well-known children's classic saga, \"The Once and Future King\", which tells the story of King Arthur of Britain, from childhood to grave. Perhaps the best-known book from this saga is \"The Sword in the Stone\" (the first book) which was made into an animated movie by Walt", "title": "Harry Potter influences and analogues" }, { "id": "2025885", "text": "Series\", A. A. Milne, \"Winnie-the-Pooh\", and P. L. Travers' \"Mary Poppins\". Prolific children's author Enid Blyton chronicled the adventures of a group of young children and their dog in \"The Famous Five\". T. H. White wrote the Arthurian fantasy \"The Once and Future King\", the first part being \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1938). Mary Norton wrote \"The Borrowers\", featuring tiny people who borrow from humans. Inspiration for Frances Hodgson Burnett's novel \"The Secret Garden\". In Kent. Hugh Lofting created the character Doctor Dolittle who appears in a series of twelve books, while Dodie Smith's \"The Hundred and One Dalmatians\"", "title": "British literature" }, { "id": "6859799", "text": "the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. It was released on DVD on March 20, 2001 in a Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection line-up. It includes two classic short films, \"A Knight for a Day\" and \"Brave Little Tailor\", as well as the film facts. The DVD of the film was re-released as a 45th anniversary special edition on June 17, 2008. For its 50th anniversary, it was released on Blu-ray on August 6, 2013. Several characters from the film made frequent appearances in the \"Disney's House of Mouse\" television series. Merlin was voiced by Hamilton Camp. One notable appearance in the", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "1541562", "text": "rather limited, although what it did take from the Arthurian legend was accurate. It was awkward to treat this as the first part of a more serious treatment of the Arthurian legend. It is also possible that White felt in a darker mood after the Second World War. It has also been said that due to wartime censorship, the publishers did not want to print some of White's more strident anti-War sentiments (which are very prevalent in \"The Book of Merlyn\"). Walt Disney made an animated movie adaptation of \"The Sword in the Stone\", first released on 25 December 1963", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (novel)" }, { "id": "6859795", "text": "sixth highest-grossing film of 1963, earning estimated theatrical rentals of $4.75 million. The film was re-released on March 25, 1983 and grossed $12 million. The film received a lifetime gross of $22,182,353 in North America. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who thought it had too much humor and a \"thin narrative\". \"Variety\" wrote that the film \"demonstrates anew the magic of the Disney animators and imagination in character creation. But one might wish for a script which stayed more with the basic story line rather than taking so many twists and turns which have little bearing on the", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "423670", "text": "its chance discovery by and at the insistence of White's agent, David Garnett. In 1954 White translated and edited \"The Book of Beasts\", an English translation of a medieval bestiary, originally written in Latin. In 1958, White completed the fourth book of \"The Once and Future King\" sequence, \"The Candle in the Wind\", which was first published with the other three parts and has never been published separately. White lived to see his work adapted as the Broadway musical \"Camelot\" (1960) and the animated film \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1963), both based on \"The Once and Future King\". White", "title": "T. H. White" }, { "id": "4234668", "text": "science fiction novel of 1939. The award went to T. H. White's \"The Sword in the Stone\". The copyright for this story has expired in Australia, and thus now resides in the public domain there. The text is available via Project Gutenberg Australia. Carson of Venus Carson of Venus is a science fantasy novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the third book in the Venus series (Sometimes called the \"Carson Napier of Venus series\"). Burroughs wrote the novel in July and August 1937. It was serialized in 1938 in six weekly installments from January 8 to February 12 in", "title": "Carson of Venus" }, { "id": "6859796", "text": "tale about King Arthur as a lad.\" Bosley Crowther of \"The New York Times\" praised the film claiming it is \"an eye-filling package of rollicking fun and thoughtful common sense. The humor sparkles with real, knowing sophistication — meaning for all ages — and some of the characters on the fifth-century landscape of Old England are Disney pips.\" Rotten Tomatoes reported that 71% of critics gave the film positive reviews based on 24 reviews with an average score of 6/10. Its consensus states that \"A decent take on the legend of King Arthur, \"The Sword in the Stone\" suffers from", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "6859794", "text": "Florida. For the voice of Merlin, director Wolfgang Reitherman estimated that seventy actors read for the part, but \"none evidenced that note of eccentricity that we were seeking. We wanted Merlin to be eccentric but not hokey.\" At the same time, Karl Swenson was initially cast for Archimedes, but the filmmakers decided to cast him instead as Merlin. Rickie Sorensen, who had voiced young Arthur, entered puberty during production, which forced the older Reitherman to cast his sons, Richard and Robert, to replace him. \"The Sword in the Stone\" was a financial success at the box office and became the", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "13869992", "text": "(Nentres), and her illegitimate daughter Morgan is sent away to a nunnery and becomes known as Morgan le Fay (the first account of Morgan being Igraine's daughter and learning magic in a convent). The poem seems to have ended with the later \"sword in the stone\" story, in which Arthur proves he is to become Britain's high king by a divine destiny. This has been the first instance of this motif to appear in Arthurian literature; it has become iconic after being repeated almost exact in Thomas Malory's popular \"Le Morte d'Arthur\". The poem was rewritten as the Prose \"Merlin\"", "title": "Merlin (poem)" }, { "id": "2506835", "text": "miracle was making the room that he died in smell like heaven. White was inspired to write this book upon determining that the key theme of Malory's \"Le Morte d'Arthur\" is to find an \"antidote for war\". Rather than containing a distinct plot, this book reads more like a discourse on war and human nature. White had revised \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1938), \"The Queen of Air and Darkness\" (1939), plus \"The Ill-Made Knight\" (1940) to weave in the anti-war theme. In November 1941 White sent the revisions along with \"The Candle in the Wind\" (part 4) and \"The", "title": "The Book of Merlyn" }, { "id": "1541559", "text": "Merlyn to prepare him for the use of power and royal life. Merlyn magically turns Wart into various animals at times. He also has more human adventures, at one point meeting the outlaw Robin Hood (who is referred to in the novel as Robin Wood). The setting is loosely based on Medieval England, and in places it incorporates White's considerable knowledge of medieval culture (as in relation to hunting, falconry and jousting). However it makes no attempt at consistent historical accuracy, and incorporates some obvious anachronisms (aided by the concept that Merlyn lives backwards in time rather than forwards, unlike", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (novel)" }, { "id": "3178843", "text": "any shield-carrying duties. The typical jobs of a squire included: The young King Arthur served as Sir Kay's squire in the traditional tale of the sword in the stone that appears in literary works, including \"Le Morte d'Arthur\" and \"The Once and Future King\". One of the pilgrim-storytellers in \"The Canterbury Tales\" is a squire whose father recounts the tale. In Cervantes's \"Don Quixote\", the babbling Sancho Panza serves as squire of the deluded Don. In the children's book \"The Castle in the Attic\", the protagonist William serves as the squire of Sir Simon, a knight from the Middle Ages", "title": "Squire" }, { "id": "122476", "text": "Irish term meaning \"Sword of Light\", or \"Shining Sword\", appears in a number of orally transmitted Irish folk-tales. Excalibur Excalibur (), or Caliburn, is the legendary sword of King Arthur, sometimes also attributed with magical powers or associated with the rightful sovereignty of Britain. Excalibur and the Sword in the Stone (the proof of Arthur's lineage) are sometimes said to be the same weapon, but in most versions they are considered separate. Excalibur was associated with the Arthurian legend very early on. In Welsh, it is called \"Caledfwlch\"; in Cornish, \"Calesvol\"; in Breton, \"Kaledvoulc'h\"; and in Latin, \"Caliburnus\". The name", "title": "Excalibur" }, { "id": "423666", "text": "desperate among my books and picked [Malory] up in lack of anything else. Then I was thrilled and astonished to find that (a) The thing was a perfect tragedy, with a beginning, a middle and an end implicit in the beginning and (b) the characters were real people with recognizable reactions which could be forecast... Anyway, I somehow started writing a book.\" The novel, which White described as \"a preface to Malory\", was titled \"The Sword in the Stone\". Published in 1938, it tells the story of the boyhood of King Arthur. White was also influenced by Freudian psychology and", "title": "T. H. White" }, { "id": "2475847", "text": "of Merlyn\" (written 1941, published 1977), was published separately following White's death. It chronicles Arthur's final lessons from Merlyn before his death, although some parts of it were incorporated into the final editions of the previous books. Much of the contents of this book appears in the first part of \"The Once and Future King\". The story starts in the final years of the rule of King Uther Pendragon. The first part, \"The Sword in the Stone\", chronicles Arthur's upbringing by his foster father Sir Ector, his rivalry and friendship with his foster brother Kay, and his initial training by", "title": "The Once and Future King" }, { "id": "6859784", "text": "Stone\" magically appears inside an anvil in London, with an inscription proclaiming that whoever can pull it out is the rightful King of England. Many try to remove the sword, but none succeed, and the sword is eventually forgotten, leaving England in the Dark Ages. Years later, a 12-year-old orphan named Arthur, commonly called Wart, meets Merlin the wizard, and his pet owl Archimedes. Merlin declares himself Arthur's tutor. Sir Pellinore, arrives with news that the annual jousting tournament will be held in London, and the winner will be crowned king. Sir Ector, Arthur's foster father, decides to put his", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "6859797", "text": "relatively indifferent animation, but its characters are still memorable and appealing.\" Nell Minow of Common Sense Media gave the film four out of five stars, writing, \"Delightful classic brings Arthur legend to life\". In his book \"The Best of Disney\", Neil Sinyard states that, despite not being well known, the film has excellent animation, a complex structure, and is actually more philosophical than other Disney features. Sinyard suggests that Walt Disney may have seen something of himself in Merlin, and that Mim, who \"hates wholesome sunshine\", may have represented critics. The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Score—Adaptation", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "2475851", "text": "and the entire ideal kingdom of Camelot. The book begins as a quite light-hearted account of the young Arthur's adventures, and King Pellinore's interminable search for the Questing Beast. Parts of \"The Sword in the Stone\" read almost as a parody of the traditional Arthurian legend by virtue of White's prose style, which relies heavily on anachronisms. However, the tale gradually changes tone until \"Ill-Made Knight\" becomes more meditative and \"The Candle in the Wind\" finds Arthur brooding over death and his legacy. Perhaps most striking about White's work is how he reinterprets the traditional Arthurian characters, often giving them", "title": "The Once and Future King" }, { "id": "122460", "text": "Excalibur Excalibur (), or Caliburn, is the legendary sword of King Arthur, sometimes also attributed with magical powers or associated with the rightful sovereignty of Britain. Excalibur and the Sword in the Stone (the proof of Arthur's lineage) are sometimes said to be the same weapon, but in most versions they are considered separate. Excalibur was associated with the Arthurian legend very early on. In Welsh, it is called \"Caledfwlch\"; in Cornish, \"Calesvol\"; in Breton, \"Kaledvoulc'h\"; and in Latin, \"Caliburnus\". The name \"Excalibur\" ultimately derives from the Welsh \"Caledfwlch\" (and Breton \"Kaledvoulc'h\", Middle Cornish \"Calesvol\") which is a compound of", "title": "Excalibur" }, { "id": "9318079", "text": "appointed Head of Music at the Royal Liberty Grammar School in Romford, London, where he established a large choir. During his time in Romford, he also founded the Havering Youth Choir. In 1969 he co-wrote an opera, \"The Sword In The Stone\", a modern work based upon the legend of King Arthur. In 1970 he moved to become Head of Music at The Latymer School and was later Director of Music for Chetham's School of Music. In 1983 he founded with Carl Browning the National Youth Choir of Great Britain. Brewer also worked as a consultant for various UK choirs", "title": "Michael C. Brewer" }, { "id": "3742660", "text": "not seem to have conceived the necessity of Fairy Tales for Grown-Ups\". In 1938, with the publication of \"The Sword in the Stone\", T. H. White introduced one of the most notable works of comic fantasy. J. R. R. Tolkien played a large role in the popularization and accessibility of the fantasy genre with his highly successful publications \"The Hobbit\" (1937) and \"The Lord of the Rings\" (1954–55). Tolkien was largely influenced by an ancient body of Anglo-Saxon myths, particularly \"Beowulf\", as well as E. R. Eddison's 1922 novel, \"The Worm Ouroboros\". Tolkien's close friend C. S. Lewis, author of", "title": "Fantasy literature" }, { "id": "6859791", "text": "director Wolfgang Reitherman spent months preparing elaborate storyboards for \"Chanticleer\", and following a silent response following a story reel presentation, a voice from the back of the room said, \"You can't make a personality out of a chicken!\" The voice belonged to Bill Peet. When the time came to approve one of the two projects, Walt remarked that the problem with making a rooster a protagonist was that \"[you] don't feel like picking up a rooster up and petting it.\" Meanwhile, work on \"The Sword in the Stone\" were solely done by veteran story artist Bill Peet. After Disney had", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "6105813", "text": "the studio on a long-term basis. Following his work on \"Sleeping Beauty\", Norman was drafted, and returned to the studio after his service in 1960 to work on \"One Hundred and One Dalmatians\" (1961) and \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1963). After Walt Disney saw some of the inter-office sketches Norman made to entertain his co-workers, he was reassigned to the story department, where he worked with Larry Clemons on the story for \"The Jungle Book\". After Walt Disney's death in 1966, Floyd Norman left the Disney studio to co-found Vignette Films, Inc., with business partner animator/director Leo Sullivan. Vignette", "title": "Floyd Norman" }, { "id": "5727172", "text": "Mirrlees) had their fantasy work republished during the 1960s and 1970s. In 1938, with the publication of \"The Sword in the Stone\", T. H. White introduced one of the most notable works of comic fantasy. This strain continued with such writers as L. Sprague de Camp. Literary critics of the era began to take an interest in \"fantasy\" as a genre of writing, and also to argue that it was a genre worthy of serious consideration. Herbert Read devoted a chapter of his book \"English Prose Style\" (1928) to discussing \"Fantasy\" as an aspect of literature, arguing it was unjustly", "title": "History of fantasy" }, { "id": "19609442", "text": "video for the song, which pays tribute to a scene from the film \"Reservoir Dogs\", was also released the following day. Details for \"Anything But Words\", as well as tour dates, were released on June 9. Also released on that day was the album's second single, \"Giant\". \"Speedway Sonora\" was released as the album's third single on July 14. \"Sword in the Stone\", featuring rapper Kool Keith, was released as the album's fourth single on July 28 and the album's title track was released as the fifth single on August 12. All songs produced by Paul Banks and RZA except", "title": "Anything But Words" }, { "id": "10733451", "text": "from Welsh versions of the tales. Vortgyn's death by fire in a burning tree shelter/shrine echoes the legendary Vortigern's death, as according to Geoffrey of Monmouth the latter died in his tower when it was set aflame. One of the movie's taglines is \"Before King Arthur, there was Excalibur\". The last shots of the film establish the sword of Caesar as the legendary blade (also the Sword in the Stone, originally a different weapon). A supernaturally powerful sword of Caesar's called Crocea Mors (\"Yellow Death\"), was supposed to have been buried in Britain with the body of Nennius of Britain,", "title": "The Last Legion" }, { "id": "20581896", "text": "King Arthur (Marvel Comics) King Arthur is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is based on King Arthur of Arthurian legend. Arthur Pendragon is the son of King Uther and Igraine. The wizard Merlin had Arthur brought up by the knight Sir Ector and his son Kay. When Uther died from an illness without being able to see his son, Merlin held a contest in London where whoever pulls Excalibur from the stone will become the new king. When Arthur found the sword in the stone while going to retrieve a recently knighted", "title": "King Arthur (Marvel Comics)" }, { "id": "3420682", "text": "The Sword of Shannara The Sword of Shannara is a 1977 epic fantasy novel by American writer Terry Brooks. It is the first book of the \"Original Shannara Trilogy\", followed by \"The Elfstones of Shannara\" and \"The Wishsong of Shannara\". Brooks was heavily influenced by J.R.R. Tolkien's \"The Lord of the Rings\" and began writing \"The Sword of Shannara\" in 1967. It took him seven years to complete, as he was writing the novel while attending law school. Ballantine Books used it to launch the company's new subsidiary Del Rey Books. Its success boosted the commercial expansion of the fantasy", "title": "The Sword of Shannara" }, { "id": "122465", "text": "achier, also means \"blade\" or \"sword\" and comes from medieval Latin \"aciarium\", a derivative of \"acies\" \"sharp\", so there is no direct connection with Latin \"chalybs\" in this etymology). It is from this fanciful etymological musing that Thomas Malory got the notion that Excalibur meant \"cut steel\" (\"\"the name of it,' said the lady, 'is Excalibur, that is as moche to say, as Cut stele\"\"). In Arthurian romance, a number of explanations are given for Arthur's possession of Excalibur. In Robert de Boron's \"Merlin\", the first tale to mention the \"sword in the stone\" motif, Arthur obtained the British throne", "title": "Excalibur" }, { "id": "4943170", "text": "king himself is related to two magical swords, in most variants. The first is the Sword In the Stone. Only Arthur could draw it out, thereby proving that he is the rightful king. In some tales, this is his only sword. In most variants, this sword was then broken, and he receives from The Lady of the Lake a new sword called Excalibur, arguably the most famous of magic swords. However, in other variants Excalibur itself is the sword in the stone. It is not clear from the various accounts of the Arthur legend whether Excalibur itself was possessed of", "title": "Magic sword" }, { "id": "13316977", "text": "Sutcliff and TH White. The latter's \"The Sword in the Stone\" led her to a love of all things Camelot, a fascination with medieval times, and even choosing fencing as her sport. After high school, Symon headed south to study pharmacy at the University of Otago in Dunedin. She practised as a pharmacist in the community and at the local hospice until 1999. She started a family in 2000, and began writing full-time while looking after her children in Hawke's Bay. She returned to Dunedin in 2005 before her first novel was published. Symon is a full-time mother and writer,", "title": "Vanda Symon" }, { "id": "1858908", "text": "is never mentioned by name, only as \"the land\". In addition to Malory, the writers incorporated elements from other Arthurian stories, sometimes altering them. For example, the sword between the sleeping lovers' bodies comes from the tales of Tristan and Iseult; the knight who returns Excalibur to the water is changed from Bedivere to Perceval; and Morgause and Morgan Le Fay are merged into one character. The sword Excalibur and the Sword in the Stone are presented as the same thing; in some versions of the legends they are separate. In \"Le Morte d'Arthur\", Sir Galahad, the illegitimate son of", "title": "Excalibur (film)" }, { "id": "3788278", "text": "Britain in the 2nd century by Sarmatians and Alans. They find parallels in the traditions of the Caucasus for key features of the Arthurian legend, including the Sword in the Stone, the Holy Grail, and the return of Arthur's sword to a lake, and connect Arthur and his knights to Batraz and his Narts, the heroes of the legends of the North Caucasus. Some Arthurian scholars have given credence to the Sarmatian connection, but others have found it based on conjecture and weak evidence. Few of the Caucasian traditions cited to support the theory can be traced specifically with the", "title": "Historicity of King Arthur" }, { "id": "3378789", "text": "the publisher of all \"Harry Potter\" books in the United Kingdom, on 30 June 1997. It was released in the United States on 1 September 1998 by Scholastic—the American publisher of the books—as \"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\", after Rowling had received US$105,000 for the American rights—an unprecedented amount for a children's book by a then-unknown author. The second book, \"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets\" was originally published in the UK on 2 July 1998, and in the US on 2 June 1999. \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\" was then published a year later in", "title": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows" }, { "id": "9386100", "text": "including the featurettes \"Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree\" (1966), \"Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day\" (1968), and \"Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too!\" (1974) as well as the feature-length compilation film \"The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh\" (1977). He played other roles for Disney, most notably the owl, Archimedes, in Disney's \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1963). Matthews died in 1978 at age 87 and was buried in Forest Lawn - Hollywood Hills Cemetery. Junius Matthews Junius Conyers Matthews (June 12, 1890 – January 18, 1978) was an American actor and voice actor. He was the", "title": "Junius Matthews" }, { "id": "13549631", "text": "Morte d'Arthur, was a loose collection of separate stories. Green attempted to relate each legend so that the entire story would have a beginning, middle and end. Green used many sources in addition to Malory. After Uther Pendragon's death, Merlin the magician forms a stone and in it a sword. After many years, the young Arthur, secretly the son of Uther Pendragon, pulls the sword out of the stone and becomes King. Together with Merlin, he constructs a round table, at which only the best knights of England may sit. More and more knights come to join the brotherhood of", "title": "King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table" }, { "id": "15151412", "text": "driving force behind the ascension of King Arthur and his court. Merlin is depicted as being descended from the Lordly Ones, or the 'Little Dark People', as Sutcliff commonly refers to the possible original inhabitants of Great Britain. He orchestrates Arthur's upbringing under Sir Ector, alongside his foster brother Sir Kay. Arthur's identity as ruler of Britain is revealed when he pulls the Sword from the Stone, but he later receives Excalibur, a different sword, from the Lady in the Lake. The rest of the novel's chapters cover many of the other classic Arthurian characters and tales, including: the origins", "title": "The Sword and the Circle" }, { "id": "6859804", "text": "aid Leon's group as part of the town Restoration Committee, though he is at odds with Cid who prefers his own computer expertise rather than Merlin's magic. Merlin again instructs Sora, Donald and Goofy in the art of magic, and again requests that they retrieve the stolen parts of the Pooh storybook. At one point in the game, he is summoned to Disney Castle by Queen Minnie to counter the threat of Maleficent, and he constructs a door leading to Disney Castle's past (Timeless River) for the trio to explore and stop Maleficent and Pete's plans. In the prequel, \"Kingdom", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "13919781", "text": "Peter and the Sword of Mercy Peter and the Sword of Mercy is a children's novel that was published by Hyperion Books, a subsidiary of Disney, in 2009. Written by Dave Barry and Ridley Pearson, the book is an unauthorized prequel to the original \"Peter Pan, or the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up\" by J. M. Barrie, and tells the story of an orphan named Peter. It was illustrated by artist Greg Call. It is a sequel and final installment to Barry and Pearson's \"Starcatchers\" series, best-sellers released in 2004-2007, which the series was originally said at the time to", "title": "Peter and the Sword of Mercy" }, { "id": "454688", "text": "animated film in CinemaScope) in 1955, \"Sleeping Beauty\" (the first animated film in Technirama 70 mm film) in 1959, \"One Hundred and One Dalmatians\" (the first animated feature film to use Xerox cels) in 1961, and \"The Sword in the Stone\" in 1963. In 1964, Disney produced \"Mary Poppins\", based on the book series by P. L. Travers; he had been trying to acquire the rights to the story since the 1940s. It became the most successful Disney film of the 1960s, although Travers disliked the film intensely and regretted having sold the rights. The same year he also became", "title": "Walt Disney" }, { "id": "2475854", "text": "the book would disagree with this estimate. White is a great writer.\" Although Walt Disney initially purchased the film rights to \"The Ill-Made Knight\" in 1944, he eventually produced an adaptation of \"The Sword in the Stone\" (released in 1963). This movie reflects more the sense of humour of Disney's team of animators than White's. The movie adds a more comical side to the original story, including song and dance, as in most Walt Disney films. Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe's 1960 musical \"Camelot\" (which was made into a movie in 1967) is based mostly on the last two", "title": "The Once and Future King" }, { "id": "225070", "text": "that Arthur is buried in the town of Glastonbury. The romance Arthur has become popular in film and theatre as well. T. H. White's novel was adapted into the Lerner and Loewe stage musical \"Camelot\" (1960) and Walt Disney's animated film \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1963); \"Camelot\", with its focus on the love of Lancelot and Guinevere and the cuckolding of Arthur, was itself made into a film of the same name in 1967. The romance tradition of Arthur is particularly evident and in critically respected films like Robert Bresson's \"Lancelot du Lac\" (1974), Éric Rohmer's \"Perceval le Gallois\"", "title": "King Arthur" }, { "id": "633422", "text": "Doctor Dolittle who appears in a series of twelve books. The Golden Age of Children's Literature ended with World War I in Great Britain and Europe, and the period before World War II was much slower in children's publishing. The main exceptions in England were the publications of \"Winnie-the-Pooh\" by A. A. Milne in 1926, the first \"Mary Poppins\" book by P. L. Travers in 1934, \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien in 1937, and the Arthurian novel \"The Sword in the Stone\" by T. H. White in 1938. Children's paperback books were first released in England in 1940", "title": "Children's literature" }, { "id": "3420696", "text": "tried my hand at science fiction, westerns, war stories, you name it. All those efforts ... weren't very good.\" When he was starting college, he was given a copy of Tolkien's \"The Lord of the Rings\" to read for the first time. From then on, Brooks knew that he had found a genre he could write in. Writing \"Sword\" took seven years, as Brooks worked on it only sporadically while also completing his law school courses and rewrote it many times. Brooks initially submitted his manuscript to DAW Books, whose editor Donald A. Wollheim rejected it and recommended submission to", "title": "The Sword of Shannara" }, { "id": "6859803", "text": "II\". In \"Kingdom Hearts\", Merlin lives in an abandoned shack in Traverse Town with Cinderella's Fairy Godmother, sent by King Mickey to aid Sora, Donald, and Goofy in the art of magic. He owns an old book which features the world of The Hundred Acre Wood, home of Winnie the Pooh. The book's pages, however, have been torn out and scattered across the universe, and Merlin asks Sora to retrieve them for him. He reprises the same role in \"Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories\", as a figment of Sora's memories. In \"Kingdom Hearts II\", Merlin moved to Hollow Bastion to", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "19608828", "text": "A video for the song, which pays tribute to a scene from the film \"Reservoir Dogs\", was released on May 20. On June 9, it was announced that the duo would be releasing their debut studio album, \"Anything But Words\", on August 26, 2016 through Warner Bros. Records. A song from the album, titled \"Giant\", was premiered on Beats 1 on the same day. Also announced on that day were dates for a tour across the United States. On July 14, the duo released \"Speedway Sonora\" as the album's third single. \"Sword in the Stone\", featuring rapper Kool Keith, was", "title": "Banks & Steelz" }, { "id": "591573", "text": "family throughout the series, and in his treatment of first Rubeus Hagrid and later Remus Lupin and Sirius Black as father-figures. The second book, \"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets\", was originally published in the UK on July 2, 1998 and later, in the US on June 2, 1999. \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\" was then published a year later in the UK on July 8, 1999 and in the US on September 8, 1999. \"Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire\" was published on 8 July 2000 at the same time by Bloomsbury and Scholastic. \"Harry", "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" }, { "id": "2506833", "text": "The Book of Merlyn The Book of Merlyn is an Arthurian fantasy book by British writer T. H. White. It is the conclusion of \"The Once and Future King\", but it was published separately and posthumously. The book opens as King Arthur prepares himself for his final battle. Merlyn reappears to complete Arthur's education and discover the cause of wars. As he did in \"The Sword in the Stone\", Merlyn again demonstrates ethics and politics to Arthur by transforming him into various animals. The last chapter of the book takes place only hours before the final battle between King Arthur", "title": "The Book of Merlyn" }, { "id": "14268952", "text": "19th century, however, an ability to read court hand was considered useful for anyone who had to deal with old court records. In Shakespeare's \"Henry VI, Part 2\" (written c.1591), Act 4, scene 2, Dick the Butcher says of Emmanuel, Clerk of Chatham, \"He can make Obligations, and write court-hand.\" In Charles Dickens' novel \"Bleak House\" (1852–3), Lady Dedlock begins a significant subplot by noticing a particular \"law hand\" on a legal document. Court hand is referred to in T. H. White's novel \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1938). Court hand Court hand (or common law hand) was a style", "title": "Court hand" }, { "id": "5027125", "text": "different accounts. After reading eight books himself, he picked the details he found the most \"colourful\" which included taking a passage from a children's book on the subject. He settled on four widely known stories and two lesser known, and proceeded to adapt them to music and lyrics. Much of the album was based around the three swords based around the legend: the sword Arthur pulled out from the stone and anvil, the Excalibur which some believe was instead handed to Arthur by the Lady of the Lake, and the one associated to Galahad. Wakeman wrote violin arrangements on \"Sir", "title": "The Myths and Legends of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table" }, { "id": "4310771", "text": "The Disney animation training program started at the studio before the development of \"Snow White\" in 1932 eventually led to Walt Disney helping found the California Institute of the Arts (CalArts). This university, formed via the merger of Chouinard Art Institute and the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music, included a Disney-developed animation program of study among its degree offerings. CalArts became the alma mater of many of the animators who would work at Disney and other animation studios from the 1970s to the present. \"The Sword in the Stone\" was released in 1963 and was the sixth highest-grossing film of", "title": "Walt Disney Animation Studios" }, { "id": "6859787", "text": "Merlin is disappointed. Arthur defends his choices, and Merlin angrily transports himself to 20th century Bermuda, while Archimedes stays with Arthur. On the day of the tournament, Arthur realizes that he has left Kay's sword at an inn, which is now closed for the tournament. Arthur sees the Sword in the Stone in a nearby churchyard, and removes it almost effortlessly, unknowingly fulfilling the prophecy. When Arthur returns with the sword, Ector, Pellinore, and another knight, Sir Bart, recognize it and the tournament is halted. Ector places the sword back in its anvil, demanding Arthur prove that he pulled it.", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "6703148", "text": "Norman Alden Norman Alden (born Norman Adelberg, September 13, 1924 – July 27, 2012) was an American character actor who performed in television programs and motion pictures. He first appeared on television on \"The 20th Century Fox Hour\" in 1957. He provided the voice of Kay in \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1963), and had a notable role in \"I Never Promised You a Rose Garden\". His acting career began in 1957 and lasted nearly 50 years. He retired from acting in 2006. Alden was born in Fort Worth, Texas and was the son of Ben Adelberg and Esther Covinsky", "title": "Norman Alden" }, { "id": "10564874", "text": "Boston College theology professor and ex-priest Thomas Groome erroneously stated that \"the Catholic Church never said the earth is round, but just stopped saying it was flat.\" The 1937 popular song \"They All Laughed\" contains the couplet \"They all laughed at Christopher Columbus/When he said the world was round\". In the Warner Bros. \"Merrie Melodies\" cartoon \"Hare We Go\" (1951) Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand the Catholic quarrel about the shape of the Earth; the king states the Earth is flat. In Walt Disney's 1963 animation \"The Sword in the Stone\", wizard Merlin (who has traveled into the future) explains to", "title": "Myth of the flat Earth" }, { "id": "4563647", "text": "Victoria Strauss Victoria Strauss (born 1955 in Exeter, New Hampshire) is the author of nine fantasy novels for adults and young adults, including the \"Stone\" series (\"The Arm of the Stone\" and \"The Garden of the Stone\") and the \"Way of Arata\" series (\"The Burning Land\" and \"The Awakened City\"). She has written hundreds of book reviews for magazines and ezines, including SF Site and \"Fantasy\" magazine, and her articles on writing have appeared in \"Writer's Digest\" and elsewhere. In 2006, she served as a judge for the World Fantasy Awards. An active member of the Science Fiction and Fantasy", "title": "Victoria Strauss" }, { "id": "20581912", "text": "several groups of enemies that are dressed as dragons. King Arthur (Marvel Comics) King Arthur is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is based on King Arthur of Arthurian legend. Arthur Pendragon is the son of King Uther and Igraine. The wizard Merlin had Arthur brought up by the knight Sir Ector and his son Kay. When Uther died from an illness without being able to see his son, Merlin held a contest in London where whoever pulls Excalibur from the stone will become the new king. When Arthur found the sword in", "title": "King Arthur (Marvel Comics)" }, { "id": "2475855", "text": "books of \"The Once and Future King\" and features White's idea of having Thomas Malory make a cameo appearance at the end, again as \"Tom of Warwick\". BBC Radio produced a dramatised version of \"The Sword in the Stone\" for Children's Hour shortly after its publication in 1938. Incidental music for the serial was specially composed by Benjamin Britten. A two-hour version of \"The Sword in the Stone\", dramatised by Neville Teller, was first broadcast as a Saturday Night Theatre on Boxing Day, 1981. Michael Hordern played Merlyn and Toby Robertson was the Wart. The cast included Pauline Letts, David", "title": "The Once and Future King" }, { "id": "3420712", "text": "later. \"The Shannara Chronicles\" premiered on American television network MTV on January 5, 2016. The Sword of Shannara The Sword of Shannara is a 1977 epic fantasy novel by American writer Terry Brooks. It is the first book of the \"Original Shannara Trilogy\", followed by \"The Elfstones of Shannara\" and \"The Wishsong of Shannara\". Brooks was heavily influenced by J.R.R. Tolkien's \"The Lord of the Rings\" and began writing \"The Sword of Shannara\" in 1967. It took him seven years to complete, as he was writing the novel while attending law school. Ballantine Books used it to launch the company's", "title": "The Sword of Shannara" }, { "id": "122466", "text": "by pulling a sword from an anvil sitting atop a stone that appeared in a churchyard on Christmas Eve. In this account, the act could not be performed except by \"the true king,\" meaning the divinely appointed king or true heir of Uther Pendragon. As Malory writes: \"\"Whoso pulleth out this sword of this stone and anvil, is rightwise king born.\"\" This sword is thought by many to be the famous Excalibur, and its identity is made explicit in the later Prose \"Merlin\", part of the Lancelot-Grail cycle. The challenge of drawing a sword from a stone also appears in", "title": "Excalibur" }, { "id": "10731122", "text": "college. Ocoee High School's average score for both the verbal and math sections of the SAT in 2009 was 530, and for the writing section of the SAT, the average score was 500. These scores are below average on both the Florida and national scales. \"Sword in the Stone\" trophy is a peer acknowledgement award. The \"Sword in the Stone\" concept was suggested by Matt Fitzpatrick, a former teacher at Ocoee High School. Fitzpatrick had seen this concept in action at another school, where they called it \"You Rock.\" The \"Sword in the Stone\" trophy is a hand sized rock", "title": "Ocoee High School" }, { "id": "9573436", "text": "Live by the sword, die by the sword \"Live by the sword, die by the sword\" is a proverb in the form of a parallel phrase, which can be traced back to the ancient Greek dramatist Aeschylus in 458 BCE, but also appears in the Tao Te Ching, chapter 42, which is an earlier text. The line is spoken by Clytemnestra, the wife of Agamemnon and queen of Mycenae in ancient Greek legend. \"Agamemnon\" was part of the \"Oresteia\", a trilogy of tragic dramas by the ancient Greek dramatist Aeschylus and was first performed in 458 BCE. The play remains", "title": "Live by the sword, die by the sword" }, { "id": "4518970", "text": "before the legendary days of Camelot. The \"sword in the stone\" (which in the legends was not Excalibur, but is often confused with Excalibur by people unfamiliar with the legends) that would signify Arthur's destiny to rule, has been stolen by the evil King Lot. In the quest to regain the sword, the player must prove to Merlin that he has the qualities needed to be a great king: chivalry, experience, and wisdom. Merlin assists Arthur by giving him periodic advice as well as the power to transform into animals, but also tells Arthur that unless Excalibur is recovered within", "title": "Arthur: The Quest for Excalibur" }, { "id": "591574", "text": "Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\" is the longest book in the series at 766 pages in the UK version and 870 pages in the US version. It was published worldwide in English on June 21, 2003. \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" was published on July 16, 2005 and sold 11 million copies in the first 24 hours of its worldwide release. The seventh and final novel, \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\", was published on July 21, 2007. The book sold 11 million copies within 24 hours of its release: 2.7 million copies in the UK and", "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" }, { "id": "12763079", "text": "in \"One Hundred and One Dalmatians\" (1961) and as Madame Mim in \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1963), her final credited film appearance. She died in 1974 at age 84. Martha Wentworth Verna Martha Wentworth (June 2, 1889 – March 8, 1974) was an American actress. Her vocal variety led to her being called the \"actress of 100 voices\". Wentworth was born in New York City. After graduating from public schools, she attended the National School of Expression. Wentworth was one of Minnie Maddern Fiske's proteges and appeared in several stage productions, beginning when she was 17 years old. Wentworth", "title": "Martha Wentworth" }, { "id": "4384013", "text": "novel that has remained popular since its initial release, a year after the death of the Emperor Meiji, the ruler who oversaw Japan's transition from hermetically sealed feudal state to modern nation. The novel originated from a newspaper serial, appeared for three more decades; forty-one volumes were published before it was left uncompleted at the death of its author, Kaizan Nakazato. The film had previously been adapted in two part film by Hiroshi Inagaki in 1935. After the war, it was remade again, in three parts by Kunio Watanabe in 1953 and in three parts by Tomu Uchida between 1957", "title": "The Sword of Doom" }, { "id": "591532", "text": "Harry's parents, but failed to kill Harry when he was just 15 months old. The book was first published in the United Kingdom in 1997 by Bloomsbury. In 1998, it was published in the United States by Scholastic Corporation under the title Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. It won most of the British book awards that were judged by children and other awards in the US. The book reached the top of the \"New York Times\" list of best-selling fiction in August 1999 and stayed near the top of that list for much of 1999 and 2000. It has", "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" }, { "id": "2475849", "text": "nor goose episodes were in the original \"Sword in the Stone\" when it was published as a stand-alone book. The original novel also contains a battle between Merlyn and sorceress Madam Mim that was not included in \"The Once and Future King\" but was included in the Disney film. In part two, \"The Queen of Air and Darkness\", White sets the stage for Arthur's demise by introducing the Orkney clan and detailing Arthur's seduction by their mother, his half-sister Queen Morgause. While the young king suppresses initial rebellions, Merlyn leads him to envision a means of harnessing potentially destructive Might", "title": "The Once and Future King" }, { "id": "4178101", "text": "drew cartoons during church services at the Church of Christ his family attended. As a child, Lasseter would race home from school to watch Chuck Jones cartoons on television. While in high school, he read \"The Art of Animation\" by Bob Thomas. The book covered the history of Disney animation and explored the making of Disney's 1959 film \"Sleeping Beauty\", which made Lasseter realize he wanted to do animation himself. When he saw Disney's 1963 film \"The Sword in the Stone\", he finally made the decision that he should become an animator. Lasseter heard of a new character animation program", "title": "John Lasseter" }, { "id": "2475647", "text": "Emma Lazarus Emma Lazarus (July 22, 1849 – November 19, 1887) was an American author of poetry, prose, and translations, as well as an activist. She wrote the sonnet \"The New Colossus\" in 1883, which includes \"lines of world-wide welcome\". Its lines appear inscribed on a bronze plaque on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty, installed in 1903, a decade and a half after Lazarus's death. The last stanza of the sonnet was set to music by Irving Berlin as the song \"Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor\" for the 1949 musical \"Miss Liberty\", which was based on the", "title": "Emma Lazarus" }, { "id": "13969619", "text": "Anthony Peckham Anthony Peckham is a South African-born American screenwriter and producer. Peckham's first screenplay to reach production was 1990's \"The Assassin\". Eleven years later, in 2001, the Michael Douglas thriller \"Don't Say A Word\", Peckham's second screenplay to reach production, premiered. In 2009, Peckham wrote the screenplays to two high-profile releases: the Clint Eastwood-directed Nelson Mandela biopic \"Invictus\", starring Morgan Freeman and Matt Damon, and \"Sherlock Holmes\", starring Robert Downey, Jr.. He also rewrote the script for \"The Book of Eli\". In 2013, he was initially signed to write the screenplay for \"Jason Bourne\", set for release in 2016", "title": "Anthony Peckham" }, { "id": "2475664", "text": "the earliest volume of Jewish-American poetry. A review of \"Alide\" by \"Lippincott's Monthly Magazine\" was critical of Lazarus' style and elements of technique. Emma Lazarus Emma Lazarus (July 22, 1849 – November 19, 1887) was an American author of poetry, prose, and translations, as well as an activist. She wrote the sonnet \"The New Colossus\" in 1883, which includes \"lines of world-wide welcome\". Its lines appear inscribed on a bronze plaque on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty, installed in 1903, a decade and a half after Lazarus's death. The last stanza of the sonnet was set to music", "title": "Emma Lazarus" }, { "id": "2371787", "text": "which King Arthur pulled the sword to reveal that he was rightful king. The first of these may have been inspired by the fictionalised John Dee of Peter Ackroyd's 1993 novel \"The House of Doctor Dee\" (see In literature below). Both these \"legends\" seem first to be recorded on the website h2g2 in 2002. So familiar was London Stone to Londoners that from an early date it features in London literature and in stories set in London. Thus, in an often reprinted anonymous satirical poem of the early 15th century, \"London Lickpenny\" (sometimes attributed to John Lydgate), the protagonist, lost", "title": "London Stone" }, { "id": "2128528", "text": "feature film \"Le Roman de Renard\" (The Tale of the Fox) featured the Reynard character as the protagonist. The documentary film \"\" (1962) parallels Hitler's rise to power with the Reynard fable. Initially, Walt Disney Animation Studios considered a movie about Reynard. However, due to Walt Disney's concern that Reynard was an unsuitable choice for a hero, the studio decided to make Reynard the antagonist of a single narrative feature film named \"Chanticleer and Reynard\" (based on Edmond Rostand's \"Chanticleer\") but the production was scrapped in the mid-1960s, in favor of \"The Sword in the Stone\" (1963). Ken Anderson used", "title": "Reynard the Fox" }, { "id": "20097529", "text": "of Maine\", she received honorable mention, and \"The Angel in the Stone\" was selected for insertion as a demonstration of her versification style. She died November 26, 1943 in Portland. Helen Maud Merrill Helen Maud Merrill (pen name, Samantha Spriggins; May 5, 1865 - November 26, 1943) was an American litterateur and poet from Maine. Her first published poem was in the \"Waterville Sentinel\", in 1882. During the decade of 1882-1892, Merrill contributed numerous poems to the \"St. Nicholas Magazine\", \"Portland Transcript\", the \"Gospel Banner\" and other journals. She also engaged in editorial work. Helen Maud (or Maude) Merrill was", "title": "Helen Maud Merrill" }, { "id": "19343888", "text": "when Mary Renault published her own Theseus novels, \"The King Must Die\" (1958) and later \"The Bull from the Sea\" (1962). After the success of the Ballantine editions of her Mabinogion tetralogy in the 1970s, Walton visited Greece and started reworking her own Theseus trilogy. The first volume was published as \"The Sword is Forged\" in 1983. Walton died in 1996, and the other two installments remain unpublished. In \"The Encyclopedia of Fantasy\", John Clute and John Grant cite \"The Sword is Forged\" as an example of the use of the Amazon in sword and sorcery as \"an icon of", "title": "The Sword is Forged" }, { "id": "110041", "text": "television debut. Retitled \"Dr. Syn, Alias the Scarecrow\", the British theatrical version was released on a double bill with \"The Sword in the Stone\", and ran during the 1963 Christmas season (advertised in the January 1964 issue of \"Photoplay\"). This version was shown in Europe as well as Central and South America through 1966. In the 1970s, the production was re-edited again for its first American theatrical release, on double bills with both \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" and \"Treasure Island\". (The VHS version of the 1980s, sharing the removal of the Scarecrow's laugh from Terry Gilkyson's title song,", "title": "Doctor Syn" }, { "id": "6859801", "text": "and 2015, UK health directive Change4Life incorporated \"Higitus Figitus\" as the soundtrack to adverts promoting their Disney-sponsored \"10 minute shake up\" summer program. Madam Mim was adopted into the Duck universe where she sometimes teams with Magica De Spell and/or the Beagle Boys. She also appeared in the Mickey Mouse universe where she teamed with Black Pete on occasion and with the Phantom Blot at one point. She was in love with Captain Hook in several stories; in others, with Phantom Blot. In many European Disney comics, she lost her truly evil streak, and appears morbid yet relatively polite. Mim", "title": "The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)" }, { "id": "7625532", "text": "of John specifies that it had been Simon Peter who had cut off the ear of Malchus, the servant of Caiaphas, the high priest. Luke adds that Jesus healed the wound. John, Matthew, and Luke state that Jesus criticized the violent act, insisting that they do not resist Jesus' arrest. In Matthew, Jesus made the well known statement \"all who live by the sword, shall die by the sword\". The account in the Gospel of John differs from that of the synoptics: only in John do Roman soldiers help to carry out the arrest. Judas leads the arresting party to", "title": "Arrest of Jesus" }, { "id": "7320337", "text": "and available in NTSC R1 (from Image) and PAL R2 (from the BFI). Both versions of the DVD are identical. They feature both an English-subtitled version (the intertitles are in German) and an English voice-over. The English-subtitled film is available via Fandor. Two homages to this movie can be spotted in two Disney films: the duel between a witch and a wizard who both transform in various creatures is found in Disney's 1963 \"The Sword in the Stone,\" and a character named Prince Achmed makes a cameo at the beginning of \"Aladdin\". The art style also served as inspiration for", "title": "The Adventures of Prince Achmed" }, { "id": "10436248", "text": "The Sword of Moses The Sword of Moses is the title of an apocryphal Jewish book of magic edited by Moses Gaster in Palestine, in 1896 from a 13th- or 14th-century manuscript from his own collection, formerly MS Gaster 78, now London, British Library MS Or. 10678. Gaster assumed that the text predates the 11th century, based on a letter by Rav Hai Gaon (939-1038) which mentions the book alongside the Sefer ha-Yashar, described as another book of formulas, and that it may even date to as early as the first four centuries CE. Besides the medieval manuscript used by", "title": "The Sword of Moses" } ]	when was the sword in the stone written
[ "Jim Peterik", "Frankie Sullivan" ]	[ { "id": "4501019", "text": "Eye of the Tiger \"Eye of the Tiger\" is a song composed by American rock band Survivor. It was released as a single from their third album of the same name \"Eye of the Tiger\" and was also the theme song for the film \"Rocky III\", which was released a day before the single. The song was written by Survivor guitarist Frankie Sullivan and keyboardist Jim Peterik, and was recorded at the request of \"Rocky III\" star, writer, and director Sylvester Stallone, after Queen denied him permission to use \"Another One Bites the Dust\", the song Stallone intended as the", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "6933126", "text": "Frankie Sullivan Frank Michael \"Frankie\" Sullivan III (born February 1, 1955) is an American guitarist and songwriter. Best known for being a member of the band Survivor, he has been the only fixture in its lineup since the band's 1977 inception. Along with former bandmate, keyboardist and vocalist Jim Peterik, Sullivan co-wrote many of the group's hits, including \"Eye of the Tiger\" and \"Burning Heart\" from the \"Rocky III\" and \"IV\" movie soundtracks. According to pianist and keyboardist Jimmy Tranchitella of Northlake, Illinois, Sullivan's musical career began in his early teens. As he sat in on local garage-band practices and", "title": "Frankie Sullivan" }, { "id": "6933085", "text": "Jim Peterik James Michael \"Jim\" Peterik (born November 11, 1950) is an American musician and songwriter. He is best known as the founder of the band Survivor, as vocalist and songwriter of \"Vehicle\" by the Ides of March, and as co-writer of the anthem \"Eye of the Tiger\", the theme from the motion picture \"Rocky III\". Peterik has co-written songs for 38 Special (Rockin' Into The Night, Hold On Loosely), Lynyrd Skynyrd, Blackhawk, Cheap Trick, Sammy Hagar (Heavy Metal), Cathy Richardson, Van Zant, Brian Wilson, REO Speedwagon, and The Beach Boys. He is currently fronting the melodic rock band Pride", "title": "Jim Peterik" }, { "id": "4501024", "text": "That hook is so strong, and \"rival\" doesn't have to be a perfect rhyme with the word \"tiger\". We made the right choice and went with \"Eye of the Tiger\". The song was nominated for the 1982 Academy Award for Best Original Song, the only Oscar nomination for \"Rocky III\". It lost to \"Up Where We Belong\" from \"An Officer and a Gentleman\". The song was also nominated for the 1983 Grammy Award for Song of the Year, but lost to the Willie Nelson hit \"Always on My Mind\". In 2012, Survivor sued Republican presidential candidate Newt Gingrich in Illinois", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "4501022", "text": "at the top of the UK Singles Chart for four consecutive weeks. The song is also the title song to the 1986 film of the same name. It was certified platinum in August 1982 by the RIAA, signifying sales of 2 million vinyl copies. The song had sold over 4.1 million in digital downloads in the United States alone by February 2015. It was voted VH1's 63rd greatest hard rock song. Combined sales of original vinyl release and digital downloads total over 9 million copies. In an interview with Songfacts, co-writer Jim Peterik, who shared writing credit with Frankie Sullivan,", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "6933127", "text": "assisted with equipment changes, band members began to observe his serious interest, eventually allowing him to play guitar after practice. He was a member of the hard rock band Mariah in 1976. Frankie Sullivan Frank Michael \"Frankie\" Sullivan III (born February 1, 1955) is an American guitarist and songwriter. Best known for being a member of the band Survivor, he has been the only fixture in its lineup since the band's 1977 inception. Along with former bandmate, keyboardist and vocalist Jim Peterik, Sullivan co-wrote many of the group's hits, including \"Eye of the Tiger\" and \"Burning Heart\" from the \"Rocky", "title": "Frankie Sullivan" }, { "id": "6933088", "text": "up and Jim was considering going back to singing and producing jingles. After several days of pleading with Peterik, road manager/sound man Rick Weigand persuaded him to meet with guitarist Frankie Sullivan. Within an hour of that first meeting, the band Survivor was born. In the early years of Survivor, Peterik continued to co-write hits for other artists, including 38 Special and Sammy Hagar. In 1982, Sylvester Stallone commissioned Survivor to write and perform the theme song for \"Rocky III\". This song, \"Eye of the Tiger\", became their defining single, spending six weeks at No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot", "title": "Jim Peterik" }, { "id": "9949679", "text": "Rosanna (song) \"Rosanna\" is a song written by David Paich and performed by the American rock band Toto, the opening track and the first single from their 1982 album \"Toto IV\". This song won the Record of the Year Grammy Award in the 1983 presentations. \"Rosanna\" was also nominated for the Song of the Year award. The song \"Rosanna\" peaked at No. 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for five consecutive weeks, behind two different songs, \"Don't You Want Me\" by The Human League and \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor. It was also one of the band's most successful", "title": "Rosanna (song)" }, { "id": "15665927", "text": "Man Against the World \"Man Against the World\" is a song by American rock band Survivor. It was the fourth track and the third single released from their 1986 album \"When Seconds Count\". The song was originally to be included on the soundtrack to the 1985 film \"Rocky IV\" but was cut. The song did appear as a bonus track on the 2006 reissue of the \"Rocky IV soundtrack\" album, along with Survivor's two other Rocky-related singles - the #1 hit \"Eye of the Tiger\" (the smash hit from \"Rocky III\") and \"Burning Heart,\" which was the song ultimately chosen", "title": "Man Against the World" }, { "id": "3799070", "text": "Survivor (band) Survivor is an American rock band formed in Chicago in 1978 by guitarist/songwriter Jim Peterik. The band achieved its greatest success in the 1980s, producing many charting singles, especially in the United States. The band is best known for its double platinum-certified 1982 hit \"Eye of the Tiger\", the theme song for the motion picture \"Rocky III\" (US number 1 for 6 weeks) and singles like \"Burning Heart\" (US number 2), \"The Search Is Over\" (US number 4), \"High on You\" (US number 8), \"Is This Love\" (US number 9) and \"I Can't Hold Back\" (US number 13)", "title": "Survivor (band)" }, { "id": "6681681", "text": "villain when he accidentally ingests cocaine the gang is manufacturing. With their leader dead, the surviving motorcycle gang members ride away. The film begins and ends with the 1982 song \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor played over the credits. The song had previously been heard in the 1982 film \"Rocky III\", for which it was specifically written, earning it an Oscar and Grammy nomination. Kevin Thomas of the \"Los Angeles Times\" praised the performances of stars Busey, Cassel, Remsen, Smith, and Kotto, but characterized \"Eye of the Tiger\" as \"just another routine vengeance exploitation picture\". \"TV Guide\" criticized the", "title": "Eye of the Tiger (film)" }, { "id": "5360097", "text": "March went on an extended hiatus, during which Jim Peterik co-founded the band Survivor and co-wrote all of their platinum hits including \"Eye of the Tiger,\" \"The Search Is Over,\" \"High on You\" and \"I Can't Hold Back\". He also began a career of writing collaborations which resulted in many platinum hits for other artists, most notably \"Hold on Loosely,\" \"Rockin' Into The Night,\" \"Fantasy Girl\" and \"Wild-Eyed Southern Boys\" for .38 Special and \"Heavy Metal\" for Sammy Hagar. In 1990, The Ides' home town of Berwyn offered to have the re-united group headline their \"Summerfaire.\" The concert was attended", "title": "The Ides of March (band)" }, { "id": "4501020", "text": "\"Rocky III\" theme. The version of the song that appears in the movie is the demo version of the song. The movie version also contained tiger growls, something that did not appear on the album version. It features original Survivor singer Dave Bickler on lead vocals. It gained tremendous MTV and radio airplay and topped charts worldwide during 1982. In the United States, it held No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for six consecutive weeks and was the No. 2 single of 1982, behind Olivia Newton-John's \"Physical\". It spent fifteen consecutive weeks in the top ten, the second", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "6933089", "text": "100 and going double platinum. \"Eye of the Tiger\" also won a Grammy Award and resulted in an Oscar nomination for Peterik and Frankie Sullivan for Best Song. Their 1984 album, \"Vital Signs\", featured the Top 10 hits \"High on You\" (No. 8) and \"The Search Is Over\" (No. 4), and another sizable hit, \"I Can't Hold Back\" (No. 13). In 1985, Peterik co-wrote the theme song to \"Rocky IV\", \"Burning Heart\", which would be another big hit (No. 2 in early 1987) for Survivor. \"Burning Heart\" was followed by Number 9 hit, \"Is This Love\". Following Survivor's 1988 album", "title": "Jim Peterik" }, { "id": "6933139", "text": "the theme song for his movie \"Rocky III\". The song, \"Eye of the Tiger\", soon turned into one of the biggest hits of the band's career. It had an enormous impact on the \"Billboard\" charts, soaring to #1 for seven weeks. The song won the band a Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance By A Duo Or Group With Vocal, was voted \"Best New Song\" by the People's Choice Awards and received an Academy Award nomination. Thanks to the song's success and another Top 20 single, \"American Heartbeat\", the album \"Eye of the Tiger\" peaked at #2 on the \"Billboard\"", "title": "Dave Bickler" }, { "id": "6933136", "text": "singers and a musician in the early 1970s American rock group Jamestown Massacre. The group's single \"Summer Sun\" was a Billboard Top 100 and Easy Listening chart entry in the summer of 1972. Bickler met Jim Peterik while doing commercial jingles in the mid-1970s, leading to their future partnership in the band Survivor. Bickler currently lives with his family in Brookfield, a suburb of Chicago. On February 2, 2012, he appeared on \"The Colbert Report\" singing a passage from \"Newt Gingrich's\" book \"A Nation Like No Other\" to the tune of \"Eye of the Tiger\". In 2009, Dave Bickler posted", "title": "Dave Bickler" }, { "id": "4501023", "text": "explained the song's title. At first, we wondered if calling it \"Eye of the Tiger\" was too obvious. The initial draft of the song, we started with \"It's the eye of the tiger, it's the thrill of the fight, rising up to the spirit of our rival, and the last known survivor stalks his prey in the night, and it all comes down to survival.\" We were going to call the song \"Survival\". In the rhyme scheme, you can tell we had set up \"rival\" to rhyme with \"survival\". At the end of the day, we said, \"Are we nuts?\"", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "7762644", "text": "singer Dave Bickler was experiencing vocal cord strain. Ultimately, Bickler was able to finish the album, and Frederiksen assisted with background vocals. The band's third album \"Eye of the Tiger\" was released in May 1982, with Frederiksen credited simply as \"Fergie\". It jumped to number 2 on the \"Billboard\" charts, and eventually went 2x Platinum on the strength of its #1 title track. Frederiksen provided harmonies on five tracks, including the album's second single, \"American Heartbeat\", which charted in the top 20. In late summer of 1982, Frederiksen and Asia session-guitarist Jim Odom were both recruited by manager Budd Carr,", "title": "Dennis Frederiksen" }, { "id": "6933137", "text": "several new songs he was writing and recording for a future solo project via his Twitter account and website. As of February 2018, the songs have yet to be released. In October 2017, Bickler appeared at Rockingham Festival at the Nottingham Trent University, UK. In 2018, he joined Jim Peterik on stage to perform Caught in the Game, Rebel Girl, and Eye of the Tiger. On September 28, 2018, he released his debut solo album, \"Darklight\". Bickler is best known as an original member of Survivor from 1978 to 1983. He rejoined with co-founders Frankie Sullivan and Jim Peterik in", "title": "Dave Bickler" }, { "id": "3799079", "text": "their favorite album in the band's history so far. In 1982 Survivor's breakthrough arrived when actor Sylvester Stallone asked them to provide the theme song for his movie \"Rocky III\". Stallone had heard \"Poor Man's Son\" and wanted a song similar to it. The band agreed to his request and soon came up with \"Eye of the Tiger\". The new song featured a faster tempo while still incorporating the stylish, nearly identical power chords. It had an enormous impact on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, peaking at number 1, remaining there for six weeks and was in the Top 40", "title": "Survivor (band)" }, { "id": "7134443", "text": "Wasabi (song) \"Wasabi\" is a song written by Barbara Hannan, Adrian Hannan, Tommy Rando and Emma Graham, produced by Adrian Hannan for Lee Harding's debut album, \"What's Wrong with This Picture?\" (February 2006). Harding was a contestant on season three of \"Australian Idol\" (July–November 2005). Harding's debut single was issued in December 2005 and is a double A-side featuring \"Wasabi\" and his cover version of \"Eye of the Tiger\" (originally by Survivor). It peaked at No. 1 on the ARIA Singles Chart for five consecutive weeks. The single debuted at No. 1 in the ARIA Singles Chart in late December", "title": "Wasabi (song)" }, { "id": "4501021", "text": "longest run of 1982, behind \"Hurts So Good\" by John Cougar (which was prevented from reaching the top of the Hot 100 by \"Eye of the Tiger\"). This top ten run is tied with the aforementioned \"Another One Bites the Dust\" as well as \"Physical\" as the longest run in the top ten for a number one song during the entire 1980s decade. The band won a 1982 Grammy Award for \"Best Rock Performance by Duo or Group With Vocal\" at the 25th Annual Grammy Awards. In September 1982, it also peaked at No. 1 in the United Kingdom, remaining", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "6933135", "text": "Dave Bickler Dave Bickler (born March 31, 1953) is an American vocalist, best known as the lead singer for the rock band Survivor from 1978 until 1983, particularly on the #1 U.S. hit \"Eye of the Tiger\". In addition to his wide vocal range, his trademark look included a beret. Bickler would go on to provide the vocals in advertisements, including Bud Light's \"Real Men of Genius\" TV and radio commercials. Bickler was born in North Dakota, moved to Willmar, Minnesota, and then graduated from Benet Academy in Lisle, Illinois. His career began in 1968 as one of two lead", "title": "Dave Bickler" }, { "id": "7352260", "text": "was that the lyric \"History repeats itself\" was inappropriate because it was played during Daniel LaRusso's (Ralph Macchio) first All-Valley Tournament in \"The Karate Kid\". Esposito revealed that the power ballad was originally intended for the \"Rocky III\" soundtrack, but was replaced by \"Eye of the Tiger\". It was subsequently also turned down for the \"Flashdance\" soundtrack in favour of \"Maniac\" by Michael Sembello. \"The Karate Kid\"'s director, John G. Avildsen, liked the song so much that he used it in the movie. The track has been used since in numerous homages to eighties movies, including: Mexican wrestler Ricky Marvin", "title": "You're the Best" }, { "id": "1345803", "text": "United Artists' amalgamation into MGM in 1980. The film's main theme, \"Eye of the Tiger\", was written by the group Survivor and became a smash hit single, topping the U.S. Billboard charts and receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song. Three years after winning the heavyweight championship against Apollo Creed, Rocky Balboa has had a string of ten successful title defenses. His fame, wealth, endorsements, and celebrity profile have increased, leading him to participate in an exhibition charity event against the world wrestling champion, Thunderlips (Hulk Hogan). Rocky's manager, Mickey, worriedly eyes a young and powerful contender rapidly", "title": "Rocky III" }, { "id": "5230580", "text": "brings what the band has called \"a true renewal in the style of the band.\" With production by legendary producer Roy Z (Judas Priest, Bruce Dickinson, Halford) and was recorded and produced in Sweden by Jens Bogren (Kreator, Arch Enemy, Opeth). Lione's first Eurobeat song \"Eye of the Tiger\" was released in Japan in 2000. His name for Eurobeat project was \"J. Storm\", deriving from Joey Tempest. He published thirteen Eurobeat songs (list below) under this name between 2000 and 2005 and has declared that he wouldn't be making anymore Eurobeat in the future. However, by the end of 2013", "title": "Fabio Lione" }, { "id": "6933145", "text": "sold 400,000 copies. Dave Bickler Dave Bickler (born March 31, 1953) is an American vocalist, best known as the lead singer for the rock band Survivor from 1978 until 1983, particularly on the #1 U.S. hit \"Eye of the Tiger\". In addition to his wide vocal range, his trademark look included a beret. Bickler would go on to provide the vocals in advertisements, including Bud Light's \"Real Men of Genius\" TV and radio commercials. Bickler was born in North Dakota, moved to Willmar, Minnesota, and then graduated from Benet Academy in Lisle, Illinois. His career began in 1968 as one", "title": "Dave Bickler" }, { "id": "6206051", "text": "My Turn\" and \"Mamacita\". The music was produced by Cyril Mahabier and Hurrigan Bouman; unfortunately, they didn't receive credits for their productions. In 2003, Slijngaard worked on a brand new project called Legends. He teamed up with Herman Rarebell of The Scorpions to release a single called Eye of the Tiger. Then in 2007, Slijngaard did a tour across South America. Apart from the 2 Unlimited hits, he also sang some unreleased tracks, such as \"Arabesque\", \"Round And Round\" and \"Dance With Me\". Slijngaard and his former 2 Unlimited colleague, Anita Doth, reunited on 11 April 2009, to perform together", "title": "Ray Slijngaard" }, { "id": "3799080", "text": "for a total of eighteen weeks. It also topped the British charts and was Australia's number 1 single for four weeks. \"Eye\" went on to win the band the Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, was voted Best New Song by the People's Choice Awards and received an Academy Award nomination. The album of the same title, \"Eye of the Tiger\", was released by the band in June 1982 and contained another Top 40 hit in the United States, \"American Heartbeat\" (number 17 US) and \" The One Who Really Matters\" (number 74", "title": "Survivor (band)" }, { "id": "2068328", "text": "the area, though they moved to Los Angeles before becoming famous and eventually releasing 3 #1 Hot 100 hits, including \"Look Away\" in 1988), Jim Peterik (who founded Chicago-area band the Ides of March and was later a member of Survivor (who had a #1 hit with \"Eye of the Tiger\" from Rocky III in 1982). The Boyzz, or the Boyzz from Illinois, were a hard rock, boogie band from the Fox River Grove area. The Boyzz were ably managed by former Buckingham drummer John Poulos. Nearby Rockford, Illinois produced the power pop four-some Cheap Trick (who had a #1", "title": "Music of Illinois" }, { "id": "9446576", "text": "on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in the Spring of 1980. However, the opening track \"Somewhere In America\" was a regional hit in the Chicago area, and the song \"Youngblood\", with its dramatic guitar intro, proved to be something of a blueprint for the band's smash hit of two years later, \"Eye of the Tiger\". An additional song recorded for the album, \"Rockin' into the Night\", was rejected by Nevison as \"too Southern\"; it was given to .38 Special who turned the song into a hit. The original Survivor recording finally became available in 2004 on the compilation \"Ultimate Survivor\". The", "title": "Survivor (Survivor album)" }, { "id": "9446536", "text": "Eye of the Tiger (album) Eye of the Tiger is the third album by American rock band Survivor, released in 1982. It reached #2 on the US Billboard 200 chart. It features the title track, which is the theme song of the film \"Rocky III\". The single went to #1 in both the US and UK, while \"American Heartbeat\" reached #17 in the US. Both singles also made the charts in Germany. Following the temporary disbandment of Survivor in 1989, Jimi Jamison recorded a cover of \"Ever Since the World Began\" for the film \"Lock Up\". AllMusic's brief retrospective review", "title": "Eye of the Tiger (album)" }, { "id": "6933090", "text": "\"Too Hot to Sleep\", the group disbanded. Songs from each of Peterik's bands appears in a Stallone film to motivate the scene's action: Survivor's \"Eye of the Tiger\" in \"Rocky III\", the Ides of March's \"Vehicle\" in \"Lock Up\", and Jimi Jamison's solo take on Survivor's \"Ever Since the World Began\" playing during the closing credits of \"Lock Up\". In 1993 Peterik once again began touring and recording with a reunited Survivor, but left them for good in July, 1996. In 1990, the original members of the Ides of March (Peterik, Millas, Bob Bergland, Mike Borch, Chuck Soumar, and John", "title": "Jim Peterik" }, { "id": "15789853", "text": "Sean Rowe Sean Rowe (born in Troy, New York) is an alternative folk singer-songwriter and musician. Born and raised in Troy, New York, Rowe started playing music at an early age. He received a bass guitar from his father on his 12th birthday and performed in a local band. After receiving an acoustic guitar as a gift from his uncle, Rowe began playing solo. He wrote his first song at the age of seven on a Fisher-Price typewriter after listening to Survivor's \"Eye of the Tiger.\" Rowe started seriously writing songs when he was 18. The first complete song that", "title": "Sean Rowe" }, { "id": "5619311", "text": "The chorus initially existed as four separate ideas that were combined into one. With \"Pay Your Enemy\", Marsala wanted to write \"a good heavy sing along\" track. The guitar riff in the bridge was taken from a \"Page Avenue\" outtake. Marsala was hesitant with \"Wake Up the Voiceless\" when Phillips showed him the track as he thought it sounded more like Survivor. Wills said the song had a \"Eye of the Tiger\"-feel to it. Phillips came up with the main riff for \"\"Is This My Fate?\" He Asked Them\" when he was jamming with a friend of his. Russell, who", "title": "In the Wake of Determination" }, { "id": "10838496", "text": "Knock U Out \"Knock U Out\" is the second single from Joel Turner and the Modern Day Poets' self-titled album \"Joel Turner and the Modern Day Poets\". It features a guest appearance by boxer Anthony Mundine. The song incorporates elements from the 1982 Survivor hit \"Eye of the Tiger\" in keeping with a boxing theme. The chorus and first verse are performed by DubLT, the second verse by Mundine, and the third by C4. Beatboxer Turner provides the beat and also replicates the \"Eye of the Tiger\" riff using both his voice and guitar. Survivor co-founder and “Eye of the", "title": "Knock U Out" }, { "id": "905782", "text": "hit song \"Eye of the Tiger\". Coincidentally, Survivor also performed the main theme (\"The Moment of Truth\" Music & Lyrics: Bill Conti, Dennis Lambert, Peter Beckett) for \"The Karate Kid\". Bananarama's 1984 hit song \"Cruel Summer\" also made its U.S. debut in \"The Karate Kid\" but was excluded from the film's soundtrack album. Other songs featured in the film but left off the album include \"Please Answer Me\" performed by Broken Edge and \"The Ride\" performed by The Matches. \"The Karate Kid\" ranked #40 on \"Entertainment Weekly\"s list of the 50 Best High School Movies. The film received an approval", "title": "The Karate Kid" }, { "id": "2005929", "text": "single. At the 1981 American Music Awards on 30 January, \"Another One Bites the Dust\" won the award for Favorite Pop/Rock Single. The song also garnered Queen a Grammy nomination for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. It lost to Bob Seger's \"Against the Wind\". The music video for \"Another One Bites the Dust\" was filmed at Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas. The song also appears in Queen's \" Greatest Hits\" album in 1981. The song was used in a preliminary cut of \"Rocky III\", before being replaced by Survivor's \"Eye of the Tiger\". \"When one", "title": "Another One Bites the Dust" }, { "id": "9446537", "text": "was dismissive of the album, declaring that \"nothing here really scales the same height as the title track\". Eye of the Tiger (album) Eye of the Tiger is the third album by American rock band Survivor, released in 1982. It reached #2 on the US Billboard 200 chart. It features the title track, which is the theme song of the film \"Rocky III\". The single went to #1 in both the US and UK, while \"American Heartbeat\" reached #17 in the US. Both singles also made the charts in Germany. Following the temporary disbandment of Survivor in 1989, Jimi Jamison", "title": "Eye of the Tiger (album)" }, { "id": "4271572", "text": "a positive thing by writing a song out of it. Knowles wrote the song \"Bootylicious\" on a plane flight to London while listening to the track \"Edge of Seventeen\" by Stevie Nicks when the word \"Bootylicious\" just popped in to her head. This claim has been highly disputed as Rob Fusari said in a 2010 interview that he alone had the idea for the song and had wanted to use a guitar riff from the song \"Eye of the Tiger\" but after not being able to find it used a similar riff from the Stevie Nicks song \"Edge of Seventeen\".", "title": "Survivor (Destiny's Child album)" }, { "id": "19171061", "text": "Creed (soundtrack) Creed: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is a soundtrack album for the 2015 film \"Creed\", which features music by various artists. The album was released on November 20, 2015 through Atlantic Records. In March 2015, it was announced that composer Ludwig Göransson would score \"Creed\", marking the second feature-length film collaboration between Göransson and director Ryan Coogler after \"Fruitvale Station\" (2013). Influenced by 1970s culture and the musical legacy of the \"Rocky\" film series, Coogler noted that \"the music was a big focal point\" for the film, stating, \"'Eye of the Tiger', 'No Easy Way Out', all those songs", "title": "Creed (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "4501026", "text": "\"Eye of the Tiger\" at a political rally without permission. The rally took place on September 8, 2015, when Kim Davis, a Kentucky county clerk, was released from jail after spending five days there for refusing to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples in Kentucky. In June 2016 it was reported by CNN that Huckabee had agreed, in a confidential, out-of-court settlement with Sullivan's Rude Music, to pay $25,000 in compensation. Credits adapted from the album \"Eye of the Tiger\". !scope=\"row\"\|Japan (RIAJ) !scope=\"row\"\|Japan (RIAJ) !scope=\"row\"\|United States (RIAA) !scope=\"row\"\|United States (RIAA) !scope=\"row\"\|United States (RIAA) !scope=\"row\"\|Total available sales: Eye of the Tiger", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "3727903", "text": "on 100.3 that night. The station, which now had the callsign WHTZ, went back on the air at 6:08 a.m. on August 2, 1983 with new program director and morning jock Scott Shannon. Shannon has been credited for bringing WHTZ from \"worst to first,\" as he was the person who changed the station from jazz to new, more pop-oriented format. The first two songs ever played on the station were \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor, and \"America\" by Neil Diamond. The station's call sign represents the word \"hits\" with a Z, a fact pointed out in an early station", "title": "WHTZ" }, { "id": "15912417", "text": "and \"Çilli Bom\", as well as former world hit covers such as \"Eye Of The Tiger\" and \"We Will Rock You\". The album has sold over 125,000 copies. \"Source:\" Idefix, TurkPop.com 100. Yıl Albümü 100. Yıl Albümü (a.k.a. BJK 100. Yıl Marşları) (\"English: Centennial Album\") is a stadium anthems and football chants based album, recorded following the Turkish League triumph of Beşiktaş in 2003, their 100th year of foundation, composed by Turkish singer/composers Mustafa Sandal and Ufuk Yıldırım, and composers Reha Falay and Murat Zor. Released in late May 2003, the album was initially promoted in Laila, a now-defunct dance", "title": "100. Yıl Albümü" }, { "id": "4522905", "text": "Johnny Butten (holder of the Guinness world record title for fastest banjo player) and Hippy Joe Hymas. The studio album \"Hair Down to My Grass\" was released on January 12, 2015 worldwide and spent three weeks at the number one spot on the UK Country Chart. The band launched the new album in the UK with a performance of \"Eye of the Tiger\" on the Jools Holland Hootenanny New Year's Eve BBC TV show. A new album, titled \"Free Your Mind and Your Grass Will Follow\" was released in April 2017. Hayseed Dixie Hayseed Dixie is an American bluegrass band", "title": "Hayseed Dixie" }, { "id": "11594843", "text": "Gary McFarland Gary Robert McFarland (October 23, 1933 – November 3, 1971) was a composer, arranger, vibraphonist and vocalist, prominent on Verve and Impulse! Records during the 1960s, when he made \"one of the more significant contributors to orchestral jazz\". McFarland was born in Los Angeles, on October 23, 1933, but grew up in Grants Pass, Oregon. He attained a small following after working with Bill Evans, Gerry Mulligan, Johnny Hodges, John Lewis, Stan Getz, Bob Brookmeyer, and Anita O'Day. As well as his own albums and arrangements for other musicians he composed the scores to the films \"Eye of", "title": "Gary McFarland" }, { "id": "3799096", "text": "with Bickler on lead vocals. On July 14, 2006 Jamison left the band once again. Former McAuley Schenker Group singer Robin McAuley replaced him on lead vocals. The band performed \"Eye of the Tiger\" on ABC's \"Dancing with the Stars\" on April 3, 2007 and on October 10, 2008 the song was used to introduce Republican Vice-Presidential candidate and Alaska Governor Sarah Palin at a rally in west-central Ohio. In 2008 Michael Young replaced Chris Grove on keyboards. According to Sullivan, and revealed at Survivormusic.com on March 5, 2010, an album of new original music titled \"Re-Entry\" was to be", "title": "Survivor (band)" }, { "id": "12571698", "text": "of wonderful songs and performances. ... one of Owens' most enjoyable LPs of the '60s.\" Production notes Buck Owens Sings Harlan Howard Buck Owens Sings Harlan Howard is an album by Buck Owens, released in 1961. Harlan Howard wrote many of Buck Owens' biggest hits, including \"I've Got a Tiger By the Tail,\" \"Above and Beyond,\" \"Excuse Me (I Think I've Got a Heartache),\" and \"Under the Influence of Love\". The CD re-issue in 1997 by Sundazed Records includes \"Foolin' Around\", the single that reached Number two on the Billboard Country singles charts. In his Allmusic review, critic Stephen Thomas", "title": "Buck Owens Sings Harlan Howard" }, { "id": "6933141", "text": "Jimi Jamison). Bickler left the band in late 1983 after he developed polyps on his vocal cords and required surgery and voice rest, a condition that would take a year and a half to recuperate from. Bickler was also unhappy about his lack of a bigger payday he felt was owed him for the multi-platinum success the band had from their hit album \"Eye of The Tiger\" released a year earlier. After leaving Survivor, Bickler continued recording with other groups in the Chicago area and doing commercial jingles and ads. Bickler rejoined Survivor in early 1993 as lead vocalist for", "title": "Dave Bickler" }, { "id": "9507952", "text": "wane since the release of their number-one hit, \"Eye of the Tiger.\" This decline was exacerbated by the vocal problems of their then-lead singer Dave Bickler. Although he was initially not keen on fronting what he considered more of a \"pop rock\" band, which would contrast significantly with the heavier stylings of Cobra to which he had become accustomed, Jamison acquiesced to the band and its agents, ultimately joining and becoming Survivor's new frontman. Jamison appeared to provide an instant spark for Survivor. The first song he recorded with the band, \"The Moment of Truth\" (theme song from the 1984", "title": "Jimi Jamison" }, { "id": "9507984", "text": "Firefest, the yearly Melodic Rock Festival in Nottingham, England. This performance included Survivor songs such as \"It's the Singer Not the Song\", \"Caught in the Game\", \"Didn't Know It was Love\", \"I See You in Everyone\", \"Is This Love\"; the Cobra song \"Blood on your Money\"; as well as solo material such as \"A Dream Too Far\", \"Crossroads Moments\", and \"I'm Always Here.\" He ended with \"Burning Heart\" and \"Eye of The Tiger\". He also performed at the Melodic Rock Fest in 2011 and 2013. He also performed at the annual concert and event \"When Rock Meets Classic\" in Germany,", "title": "Jimi Jamison" }, { "id": "8293884", "text": "and raised. The song hit number one on Billboard's Hot Tracks mainstream rock chart. It peaked at number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on August 7, 1982 and, although it failed to make number one, it spent 16 weeks in the top 10, the longest time for any song in the 1980s. It was kept off the top spot by \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor. The song was listed at #83 on \"Billboard's Greatest Songs of All Time\". The song also reached #39 on the New Zealand Top 50. The song was also a hit in Canada reaching", "title": "Hurts So Good" }, { "id": "9507974", "text": "this song was only recorded live with the band but Peterik took the song for Mecca on their album in 2002. The band then toured with Styx and REO Speedwagon. For 2002, they recorded \"Christmas is Here\" which managed to move up the Mediabase Christmas charts, reaching No. 6 as the most added holiday song at radio and would appeared on the soundtrack \"A Classic Rock Christmas.\" In 2004, Jamison was featured with the band in the Emmy Award-nominated Starbucks commercial which parodied Survivor's \"Eye of the Tiger\". Jamison remained with the band up through the release of their long-awaited", "title": "Jimi Jamison" }, { "id": "19061172", "text": "a few notable women jazz songwriters. In the 1930s, Ann Ronell (1905–1993) wrote several hit songs. She is known for her 1932 hit song \"Willow Weep for Me\" and the 1933 Disney song \"Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf?\". Irene Higginbotham (1918–1988) wrote almost 50 songs, her best-known being \"Good Morning Heartache\". Dorothy Fields (1905–1974) wrote the lyrics for over 400 songs, some of which were played by Duke Ellington. She co-wrote \"The Way You Look Tonight\" with Jerome Kern, which won the 1936 Oscar for Best Song. She co-wrote several jazz standards with Jimmy McHugh, such as \"Exactly", "title": "Women in music" }, { "id": "1345820", "text": "Raspberry Award for Worst New Star. The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: A novelization by Robert E. Hoban was published by Ballantine Books in 1982. The version of \"Eye of the Tiger\" that appears in the film is actually a demo—the \"finished\" version is what appears on the soundtrack. Also missing from the soundtrack is the instrumental version of the song played when Rocky is training in Apollo's old gym. A video game based on the film was released on 1983, titled \"Rocky Super Action Boxing\", designed by Coleco and released for ColecoVision. Players can", "title": "Rocky III" }, { "id": "9507986", "text": "continued to tour with Survivor until his death. His last show was on August 30, 2014 in Morgan Hill, California at the CANcert benefit event during theARTTEC Summer Concert Series. Survivor's 58 minute set consisted of \"Feels Like Love\", \"Broken Promises\", \"Take You On A Saturday\", \"High On You\", \"Rockin' into the Night\", \"The Search is Over\", \"Rebel Girl\", \"I Can't Hold Back\", \"Burning Heart\", \"Poor Man's Son\", \"It's The Singer Not The Song\" and ended with \"Eye Of The Tiger\". Jamison died on September 1, 2014 at his home in Raleigh, Memphis, Tennessee, of a heart attack. His autopsy", "title": "Jimi Jamison" }, { "id": "9006875", "text": "words set to existing music, \"Leeds Leeds Leeds\" is an original composition by Les Reed and Barry Mason, written especially for Leeds United. For many years, \"Strings for Yasmin\" by Tin Tin Out was played before kick-off at Elland Road; it was replaced in the 2008–09 season with \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor and in the 2009–10 season with \"Dance of the Knights\", composed by Sergei Prokofiev. \"Nightmare\" by Brainbug is currently played before the start of the second half. On 15 May 2014, Leeds United retired the number 17 shirt due to then-owner Massimo Cellino's superstitious beliefs. Up", "title": "Leeds United F.C." }, { "id": "5004093", "text": "the same one-minute format and ran for about 18 months. In fall 2003, thirty-second versions of three UK TV spots were edited and seven new ads were produced for US television. Anheuser-Busch is reported to have spent $38 million per year airing just the radio version. The singing was done by Dave Bickler, the lead singer of the band Survivor, known for such songs as \"Eye of the Tiger\" from the 1980s. The humorous, yet seriously spoken, commentary was done by voice actor Peter Stacker. Together, they made an appearance on the television show \"WGN Morning News\" and did a", "title": "Real Men of Genius" }, { "id": "13408979", "text": "music with numerous notable artists such as Keith Peterik (Eye of the Tiger), and Keith Burns (Trick Pony) to develop his new album under Universal Music Australia's banner. Adam Eckersley (musician) Adam Eckersley is a singer, guitarist and songwriter from Grafton, Australia. He is the former vocalist and lead guitarist of award-winning blues band \"Bluezone\", which have since disbanded. He has also been recently been signed to Universal Music Australia, Eckersley is married to fellow musician, Australian country music singer–songwriter Brooke McClymont, of The McClymonts. Born and raised in Grafton, Australia and later moved to Tamworth, New South Wales after", "title": "Adam Eckersley (musician)" }, { "id": "8058017", "text": "Henderson and Brian MacLeod, \"Whatcha Gonna Do\" and \"Secret Information\" by Chilliwack Other nominees: Winner: Bob Rock, \"No Stranger to Danger\" by the Payola$ Other nominees: Winner: Glenn Gould (posthumous) Winner: \"Get Lucky\", Loverboy Other nominees: Winner: Dean Motter, \"Metal on Metal\" by Anvil Other nominees: Winner: \"When You Dream a Dream\", Bob Schneider Other nominees: Winner: \"\", Glenn Gould (1981 re-recording) Other nominees: Winner: \"Business As Usual\", Men at Work Other nominees: Winner: \"I Didn't Know About You\", Fraser MacPherson and Oliver Gannon Other nominees: Winner: \"Eyes of a Stranger\", Payolas Other nominees: Winner: \"Eye of the Tiger\", Survivor", "title": "Juno Awards of 1983" }, { "id": "6933094", "text": "Peterik released his autobiography, \"Through The Eye Of The Tiger\", co-written with Lisa Torem, on BenBella Books, and traveled internationally to sign books on tour. In 2016, Peterik released \"The Songs,\" an album of some of his biggest songs, re-arranged as acoustic/roots versions. The album was produced by Fred Mollin and was recorded both in Nashville, TN and at his home studio in Illinois. Peterik co-authored \"Songwriting for Dummies\", published 2002, with Dave Austin and Mary Ellen Bickford. His autobiography, \"Through The Eye Of The Tiger\", co-written with Lisa Torem, was released by BenBella Books in September 2014. Jim Peterik", "title": "Jim Peterik" }, { "id": "12571697", "text": "Buck Owens Sings Harlan Howard Buck Owens Sings Harlan Howard is an album by Buck Owens, released in 1961. Harlan Howard wrote many of Buck Owens' biggest hits, including \"I've Got a Tiger By the Tail,\" \"Above and Beyond,\" \"Excuse Me (I Think I've Got a Heartache),\" and \"Under the Influence of Love\". The CD re-issue in 1997 by Sundazed Records includes \"Foolin' Around\", the single that reached Number two on the Billboard Country singles charts. In his Allmusic review, critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote \"Owens sang Howard better than nearly anybody and Buck Owens Sings Harlan Howard is full", "title": "Buck Owens Sings Harlan Howard" }, { "id": "18702979", "text": "A&R Jeff Fenster stated, \"It's very rare to hear someone that age who can deliver emotional content and commercial appeal. [...] For any artist, the motivation—the 'eye of the tiger'— is extremely important. And Britney had that. \"They appointed her to work with producer Eric Foster White for a month, who reportedly shaped her voice from \"lower and less poppy\" delivery to \"distinctively, unmistakably Britney.\" Spears recorded ten songs with White, including \"Autumn Goodbye\", \"E-Mail My Heart\", \"From the Bottom of My Broken Heart\", \"I'm So Curious\", \"I Will Still Love You\", \"Luv The Hurt Away\", \"Soda Pop\", \"Thinkin' About", "title": "L'Oreal Hair Zone Mall Tour" }, { "id": "7376467", "text": "WLLR's 18.1 rating. On August 29, the station began stunting with songs with the word \"talk\" in the title, before debuting a classic hits format as \"The New KIIK 104.9\". The first song played under the new format was \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor. On the same day, WYEC, an oldies-leaning station, dumped its format for adult hits, meaning that KQCS would have no direct classic hits/oldies competitor in the Quad-Cities market, although KMXG, an adult contemporary station, devotes its weekend programming to music of the 1970s, the 1980s, and the 1990s. The station changed its call letters to", "title": "KIIK-FM" }, { "id": "13843341", "text": "of the film's 25th anniversary and concluded with an Awards Gala. Actor Rodney Lee Conover led a panel discussion and Dan Decker ran a workshop on screenwriting. Musician Jim Peterik, known for hit songs such as \"Hold on Loosely\" and \"Eye of the Tiger\" performed. Actress Karen Allen from \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\" appeared. A separate competition for children ages 13 and under was held with Naperville Mayor George Pradel presenting awards to the young filmmakers on Family Day. Film critic Roger Ebert presented the award for best student film to Brooke Hanson for her movie \"Borderless\". Naperville Independent", "title": "Naperville Independent Film Festival" }, { "id": "15940632", "text": "for many more women artists to come. While jazz songwriting has long been a male-dominated field, there have been a few notable women jazz songwriters. Irene Higginbotham (1918-1988) wrote almost 50 songs, her best-known being \"Good Morning Heartache\". Ann Ronell (1905–1993) is known for her 1932 hit song \"Willow Weep for Me\" and the 1933 Disney song \"Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf?\". Dorothy Fields (1905–1974) wrote the lyrics for more than 400 songs, some of which were played by Duke Ellington. She co-wrote \"The Way You Look Tonight\" with Jerome Kern, which won the 1936 Oscar for Best", "title": "Women in jazz" }, { "id": "14920253", "text": "Dan Romer Dan Romer is an American music producer, singer-songwriter, and film composer based in Los Angeles. As a film composer, Romer's scores include four-time Oscar-nominated \"Beasts of the Southern Wild\", \"Beasts of No Nation\", \"Chasing Coral\", \"Gleason\", \"Good Doctor\" and the Emmy-winning \"\". Romer scored the Ubisoft video game \"Far Cry 5\" released on March 27, 2018. He has produced music for numerous artists including A Great Big World and Christina Aguilera, whose single \"Say Something,\" topped charts around the world, hit 6x Platinum, sold over 7 million copies, and won a 2015 Grammy. Dan co-produced \"Treat You Better\"", "title": "Dan Romer" }, { "id": "5795635", "text": "twenty Top 50: \"Unwell\" by matchbox twenty Top 11: \"Sexed Up\" by Robbie Williams Top 9: \"Bare I Nått\" Top 8: \"Blame It On The Boogie\" by Jackson 5 Top 7: \"Sorry Seems To Be The Hardest Word\" by Elton John Top 6: \"Stuck in a Moment You Can't Get Out Of\" by U2 Top 5: \"The Lady Is A Tramp\" Top 4: \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor Top 4: \"I Don't Want to Miss a Thing\" by Aerosmith Top 3: \"Angels\" by Robbie Williams Top 3: \"Two Princes\" by Spin Doctors Finale: \"Unwell\" by matchbox twenty Finale: \"Sorry", "title": "Kjartan Salvesen" }, { "id": "15145628", "text": "the ARIA Albums Chart at number four and certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association. In New Zealand, it reached number three and also certified platinum. The album was recorded six days after becoming the winner of the second series of \"The X Factor\". It features his highly praised performances of \"Livin' on a Prayer\", \"Eye of the Tiger\", \"Beautiful Day\", \"Summer of '69\" and the winner's single, \"Somewhere in the World\". The album does not include Childs' week two performance of Prince's song \"Kiss\". The single \"Somewhere in the World\" was written for the final four contestants on", "title": "Altiyan Childs (album)" }, { "id": "9840569", "text": "them. At the 49th Academy Awards, \"Rocky\" was nominated for ten Academy Awards. Sylvester Stallone was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, and Best Original Screenplay, with Talia Shire being nominated for Best Actress, and both Burgess Meredith and Burt Young being nominated for Best Supporting Actor. \"Gonna Fly Now\" was nominated for Best Original Song, and \"Rocky\" itself was nominated for Best Sound Editing, and won Best Picture, Best Director for John G. Alvidson, and Best Film Editing. At the 55th Academy Awards, the song \"Eye of the Tiger\" from \"Rocky III\" was nominated for Best Original", "title": "Rocky (film series)" }, { "id": "3799076", "text": "signed by Atlantic Records A&R executive John Kalodner. One of Survivor's earliest performances (their second gig, according to Peterik, in his autobiography \"Through the Eye of the Tiger\"), from Haymakers Rock Club in Wheeling, Illinois on September 15, 1978, has appeared as a bootleg recording in trader's circles in recent years. The group's first album, the self-titled \"Survivor\", was recorded in 1979 and released on the Atlantic subsidiary Scotti Bros. in February 1980. The album produced no Top 40 singles (\"Somewhere in America\" only managed to make number 70) and did not achieve the level of success that the band", "title": "Survivor (band)" }, { "id": "9943079", "text": "eclectic set of influences from artists like Snoop Dogg, Rick James, James Brown, LL Cool J, P.Diddy, Jay-Z, Busta Rhymes, Usher, Jagged Edge, Daddy Yankee, Tego Calderon, Big Pun and Nore. J Smooth's first experience of performing came from his living room performing for any and all guests and door to door salesman that came to his parents home; at the age of 5 he would sing the Prince song \"Little Red Corvette\" and Survivor's \"Eye Of the Tiger\". Later, when he was in first-grade he played a main part in the 49th Street School Christmas play. Noticing his love", "title": "J Smooth" }, { "id": "3849342", "text": "Californian-born British actor, Tom Clarke Hill. For some time in the UK, the rock song \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor was used in conjunction with Tony's viewings. In Canada, Tony is voiced by animation, commercial, and promo voice artist Tony Daniels. \"Put a Tiger on Your Team\" was featured in ads all across the nation in 1958 as Kellogg’s cereal campaign reached out all children sports organizations and teams to build more consumers. In the same year of 1958, Tony the Tiger was joined by other popular mascots to promote the newest cereal release \"pre-sweetened cereals.\" Mass media and", "title": "Tony the Tiger" }, { "id": "12167129", "text": "L. Russell Brown Lawrence \"Larry\" Russell Brown (born June 29, 1940), known as L. Russell Brown, is an American lyricist and composer. He is most noted for his songs, co-written with Irwin Levine, \"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\" and \"Knock Three Times\"—international hits for the 1970s pop music group Tony Orlando and Dawn. He also co-wrote \"C'mon Marianne\" for The Four Seasons, and The Partridge Family 1971 song, \"I Woke Up In Love This Morning\". Born in Newark, New Jersey, Brown began his songwriting career when he was sixteen with the R&B label Fury Records. Co-writing", "title": "L. Russell Brown" }, { "id": "6865371", "text": "desk, his throat cut by the cancer patient's mother as he was writing the Raven's final, triumphant letter. The film is loosely based on an anonymous letter case that had begun in the town of Tulle, Limousin, in 1917. Anonymous letters had been sent by somebody signing \"the eye of the tiger\". The first version of the screenplay was written by Louis Chavance shortly after the Tulle letters, years before it was finally produced. The film credits Clouzot for adapting the story himself, and both Clouzot and Chavance for writing the dialogue. \"Le Corbeau\" was produced by Continental Films, which", "title": "Le Corbeau" }, { "id": "3030216", "text": "Dan Tyminski Daniel John \"Dan\" Tyminski (born June 20, 1967) is an American bluegrass composer, vocalist, and instrumentalist. He is a member of the band Alison Krauss and Union Station and has released two solo albums, \"Carry Me Across the Mountain\" (2000), on the Doobie Shea Records label, and \"Wheels\" (2008), on the Rounder Records label. He is known for his updated version of the song \"Man of Constant Sorrow,\" which was featured in the movie \"O Brother, Where Art Thou?\" and won the 2001 CMA award for best single as well as a Grammy Award for best Country Collaboration", "title": "Dan Tyminski" }, { "id": "7017222", "text": "lead vocal by Dan Tyminski, was also included in the film's highly successful, multiple-platinum-selling soundtrack. This recording won a Grammy for Best Country Collaboration at the 44th Annual Grammy Awards in 2002. The song was first published in 1913 as \"Farewell Song\" in a six-song songbook by Dick Burnett, titled \"Songs Sung by R. D. Burnett—The Blind Man—Monticello, Kentucky\". Some uncertainty however exists as to whether Dick Burnett himself wrote the song. In an interview he gave toward the end of his life, Burnett himself indicated he could not remember: The date of its composition, or at least of the", "title": "Man of Constant Sorrow" }, { "id": "2704545", "text": "1982 they issued another single, \"What About Me\", which remained at No. 1 for six weeks early that year. Renewed interest in the album saw it reach No. 1 in February on the Kent Music Report Albums Chart. The album became the fourth highest selling album of the year. \"What About Me\" won the 'Best Single' category at the 1982 Countdown Awards. It was the second highest selling single in Australia for 1982 – behind Survivor's \"Eye of the Tiger\". The second single, \"Sweet Cherie\", from \"Days of Innocence\" did not chart, while the third one, \"Winners\", reached No. 12", "title": "Moving Pictures (band)" }, { "id": "5628258", "text": "Missing Link\" (1980) and \"The Big Bang\" (1987). Returning to his first love, he played regular jazz shows at Duke's Bar in Marylebone, London, partnering with veteran harmonica player, Larry Adler. He also arranged for and accompanied such artists as Bob Hope, Tony Bennett, and Charles Aznavour. Budd recorded two CDs of film music with the London Symphony Orchestra. The first contained a mixture of big hits such as \"Star Wars Trilogy\", \"Superman\", \"E.T.\", \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\", \"Star Trek: The Full Suite\", \"Alien\", \"Dr. Who\", \"Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger\". This was recorded at the end", "title": "Roy Budd" }, { "id": "7393983", "text": "In December 2006, the Foundation released a Larry Finch tribute CD called \"Eye of the Tiger\", featuring performers from Memphis' diverse musical community such as Al Green, The Bar-Kays, Gary Johns, John Kilzer, and Al Kapone. Finch died on April 2, 2011, after a long illness. Larry Finch Larry O. Finch (February 16, 1951 – April 2, 2011) was a player and coach for the University of Memphis men's basketball team. He is perhaps most famous for leading the Memphis Tigers to the NCAA men's basketball championship game in 1973 in a heroic loss to the UCLA Bruins, led by", "title": "Larry Finch" }, { "id": "12887257", "text": "24, 1982 to September 4, 1982. (Potential higher chart placement was prevented by songs such as \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor and \"Abracadabra\" by the Steve Miller Band.) \"Hold Me\" ranked at #31 on the Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1982. In the UK, \"Hold Me\" was not a successful single. It was first released there in July 1982 and failed to chart. It was eventually re-issued in February 1989 to promote the group's 1988 \"Greatest Hits\" package with \"No Questions Asked\" as the B-side. It only reached #94. The song is also included on the 2002 US", "title": "Hold Me (Fleetwood Mac song)" }, { "id": "5066820", "text": "Cash and Kitty Wells (both in 1959), Pearly Brown (1961), Hank Locklin (1962), Marty Robbins (1966), Lucinda Williams (1978), Bert Southwood (1990), Marion Williams, and Jerry Lee Lewis. The tune is the same apparently traditional melody used in the song \"Thrills That I Can't Forget,\" recorded by Welby Toomey and Edgar Boaz for Gennett in 1925, and the song \"I'm Thinking Tonight of My Blue Eyes,\" originally recorded by the Carter Family for Victor in 1929. The same melody was later used in the 1952 country hit \"The Wild Side of Life,\" sung by Hank Thompson, and the even more", "title": "The Great Speckled Bird (song)" }, { "id": "6933138", "text": "1993, staying until early 2000. He was a part of the group for their first four albums: \"Survivor\", \"Premonition\", \"Eye of The Tiger\", and \"Caught in the Game\". Although primarily serving as the band's lead vocalist during this time, he is also credited with playing keyboards on Survivor's first two albums (including being the sole keyboardist on their debut album, before rhythm guitarist Jim Peterik began to take over the role on \"Premonition\", although future releases would see Peterik replaced in-studio by session musicians). Survivor experienced their big breakthrough in 1982, when they were asked by Sylvester Stallone to provide", "title": "Dave Bickler" }, { "id": "4501025", "text": "federal court for using \"Eye of the Tiger\" without authorization as entrance music at his political rallies going back as far as 2009. The suit was later settled out of court. The same year Sullivan also demanded that Mitt Romney, also a Republican candidate for president, stop using \"Eye of the Tiger\" at his campaign rallies. Romney agreed to drop the song from the campaign's playlists. Frankie Sullivan's company Rude Music filed a lawsuit in federal court in Chicago, Illinois, on November 18, 2015, against the former Governor of Arkansas and Republican presidential candidate Mike Huckabee's campaign organization for using", "title": "Eye of the Tiger" }, { "id": "10021974", "text": "a glass of typewriter cleaning fluid containing carbon tetrachloride she mistook for water. She is best known for helping to rewrite the song \"We Shall Overcome\" into a secular civil rights anthem in 1946. Other musicians credited with transforming the song are Frank Hamilton, Guy Carawan, and Pete Seeger. Other songs she reworked were \"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize,\" \"We Shall Not Be Moved,\" and \"This Little Light of Mine.\" She collected hundreds of songs. Her papers are deposited in the Tennessee State Library and Archives in Nashville. Zilphia Horton Zilphia Horton (April 14, 1910 – April 11, 1956)", "title": "Zilphia Horton" }, { "id": "2741275", "text": "Chip Taylor Chip Taylor (born James Wesley Voight; March 21, 1940) is an American songwriter, noted for writing \"Angel of the Morning\" and \"Wild Thing.\" He is the brother of actor Jon Voight and geologist Barry Voight and the uncle of actress Angelina Jolie and actor James Haven. Taylor attended Archbishop Stepinac High School in White Plains, New York. In 1961, Taylor attended the University of Hartford in Hartford, Connecticut, for one year. After an unsuccessful attempt to become a professional golfer, Taylor entered the music business, writing pop and rock songs, both alone and with other songwriters, including Al", "title": "Chip Taylor" }, { "id": "1345819", "text": "soon demonstrates that it has nothing to offer but more of the same ... There are fleeting moments, thanks chiefly to a personable performance from Carl Weathers, but the time has surely come for Rocky Balboa to take the final count.\" \"Rocky III\" was nominated for both the Award of the Japanese Academy for Best Foreign Language Film and Best Motion Picture at the Image Awards. The film's theme song \"Eye of the Tiger\" was nominated for Best Original Song at the Academy Awards, the BAFTA Film Awards and the Golden Globes. However, Mr. T was nominated for a Golden", "title": "Rocky III" }, { "id": "15766804", "text": "in Mexico City. The bout marked the second time Marquez jumped from Lightweight to Welterweight. His first attempt was a September 2009 loss to Floyd Mayweather, Jr., who was making his return to boxing. Like what was done before with Manny Pacquiao's previous fight against Shane Mosley, Jimi Jamison, the former lead vocalist of the band Survivor, sang \"Eye of the Tiger\" as Pacquiao approached the ring. \"No me se rajar\" was the mariachi song that accompanied Juan Manuel Marquez during his entrance. It was performed by Raul Sandoval, a popular Mexican mariachi singer. Even though Pacquiao won a close", "title": "Manny Pacquiao vs. Juan Manuel Márquez III" }, { "id": "3969173", "text": "Barack Obama, Hannity has hyperbolically referred to his show as \"conservatism in exile,\" \"the conservative resistance,\" \"the conservative underground.\" Each hour of \"The Sean Hannity Show\" used to open with the following musical pieces, in order: 1. The introduction (iterated twice) spliced with the second singing of the refrain of \"Independence Day\" performed by Martina McBride. 2. \"Carmina Burana (Orff)\", over which announcer Scott Shannon traditionally proclaimed, \"From coast to coast, from border to border, from sea to shining sea, Sean Hannity is on!\" The quote usually spilled over into the opening riff of \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor.", "title": "The Sean Hannity Show" }, { "id": "2141395", "text": "his frequent appearances thereafter on television and on stage (in pantomime). In 1991, he opened \"The Ultimate\" at Lightwater Valley which was, at the time, the longest roller coaster in the world. He described the ride \"scarier than Mike Tyson\". In 1993 (aired Tuesday, 30th of March) Frank briefly appeared as a guest on CITV's \"Finders Keepers\" hosted by Neil Buchanan. In 1995, the year of his world championship, he released a cover version of \"Eye of the Tiger\", the theme song of the movie \"Rocky III\". It reached No. 28 in the UK charts. In 1999, he featured on", "title": "Frank Bruno" }, { "id": "14129118", "text": "1982 \"Eye of the Tiger\", Mitch Ryder's 1985 version of \"Like A Rolling Stone\", Gerry Woo's \"Hey There Lonely Girl\" and Vic Faster's Slingshot version of \"Unchain My Heart\". \"I've Got The Night off\" from Detroiter Kathy Kosins became a staple of Hi-NRG DeeJays spinning Euro-disco ... Nazarian also worked extensively with \"Jimmy Lifton\" and produced many 12\" records that appeared on Lifton's Orphan Records, including Lifton's own version of \"I'm A Man\", later re-released on Atlantic records. After over a decade of live performances and studio sessions, in 1981 Nazarian was tapped to become Adjunct Music Instructor in the", "title": "Bruce Nazarian" }, { "id": "19518572", "text": "FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE \"E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial\" FAVORITE YOUNG MOTION PICTURE PERFORMER Brooke Shields FAVORITE TV MINI-SERIES \"The Blue and the Gray\" FAVORITE COUNTRY MUSIC PERFORMER Kenny Rogers FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE ACTOR Burt Reynolds FAVORITE NEW SONG \"Truly\" \"Eye of the Tiger\" FAVORITE NEW TV COMEDY PROGRAM \"Cheers\" FAVORITE MALE TV PERFORMER Tom Selleck FAVORITE YOUNG TV PERFORMER Gary Coleman 9th People's Choice Awards The 9th People's Choice Awards, honoring the best in popular culture for 1982, were held in 1983. They were broadcast on CBS. FAVORITE FEMALE PERFORMER IN A NEW TV PROGRAM Patti Duke Astin FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE ACTRESS", "title": "9th People's Choice Awards" }, { "id": "7054343", "text": "owners decided to add the Top 40 format to KYND (92.9 FM). The beautiful music format on 92.9 was beginning to see a decline in ratings as younger listeners thought of the format as \"elevator music.\" On December 29, 1982, at 6:00 A.M. CST, \"Houston's Stereo Combination\" (a term coined by morning host John Lander since 790 AM was in AM stereo, originally the Kahn ISB and later the Motorola C-QUAM format) was born as KYND became The New 93KBQ, simulcasting part of the day on KKBQ (AM). The first song played was \"Eye of the Tiger\" by Survivor. The", "title": "KKBQ" }, { "id": "10568979", "text": "written by John Bettis and Michael Clark, with Conway Twitty making it a number one hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart the following year. Clark and Bettis also co-wrote Juice Newton's \"Heart of the Night\" and Donna Summer's \"The Woman in Me\". In 1983, Bettis gained his biggest achievement with \"Human Nature\", a ballad penned for Michael Jackson's multi-platinum album \"Thriller\". Originally a throwaway lyric and melody snippet composed by Toto's Steve Porcaro, the entire song was later written in its entirety by Bettis and Porcaro in two days. \"Thriller\" became the best selling record of all time,", "title": "John Bettis" }, { "id": "3679937", "text": "Ann Ronell Ann Rosenblatt, known as Ann Ronell (December 25, 1905 — December 25, 1993) was an American composer and lyricist. She was best known for the standards \"Willow Weep for Me\" (1932) and \"Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf\" (1933). Ronell was born in Omaha, Nebraska on December 25, 1906 (some sources list 1908) to Morris and Mollie Rosenblatt. Ronell graduated from Omaha's Central High School in 1923. She enrolled in Wheaton College, Massachusetts, but transferred after her sophomore year to pursue a more serious music education. She graduated from Radcliffe College, where she studied music with Walter", "title": "Ann Ronell" }, { "id": "5360101", "text": "versions of Survivor songs including \"Eye of the Tiger\", \"High on You\" and \"Rebel Girl\", as well as new material. It featured the new single \"Come Dancing\", and a re-release of the Ides' first recording \"Like It or Lump It.\" The Ides sang their Christmas carol \"Sharing Christmas\" to a capacity crowd at the 6 o'clock Mass at Chicago's Holy Name Cathedral in 2005. They sang along with Dick Biondi. They have performed at Holy Name Cathedral's 6:00 Christmas Eve Mass since then, at the request of pastor Father Dan Mayall. They recorded their four Christmas songs on the \"Sharing", "title": "The Ides of March (band)" }, { "id": "6719786", "text": "(Innova) 2009: \"Celestial Green Monster\" (Mutable Music) 2010: Innova Recordings/Big Red Media 788 - \"Deadly She-Wolf Assassin At Armageddon! (soundtrack)/Momma's Song\" 2011: \"Year of the Tiger\" (Innova) 2011: \"Snake-Eaters\" (Big Red Media) 2011: \"The Sweet Science Suite: A Scientific Soul Music Honoring of Muhammad Ali\" (Big Red Media) With the Julius Hemphill Sextet Fred Ho Fred Ho (; born Fred Wei-han Houn; August 10, 1957 – April 12, 2014) was an American jazz baritone saxophonist, composer, bandleader, playwright, writer and Marxist social activist. In 1988, he changed his surname to \"Ho\". He was born in Palo Alto, California, and moved", "title": "Fred Ho" }, { "id": "6681682", "text": "script as \"an endless barrage of stale revenge-film cliches\". Shout! Factory announced they would release \"Eye of the Tiger\" as part of a four-film \"Action-Packed Movie Marathon\" DVD set on March 19, 2013. Eye of the Tiger (film) Eye of the Tiger is a 1986 American action drama film directed by Richard C. Sarafian, and stars Gary Busey, Yaphet Kotto, Denise Galik, Seymour Cassel, William Smith and Judith Barsi. After serving time in prison, Buck Matthews (Gary Busey), a Vietnam War veteran, returns to his hometown to start his life over with his wife Christie (Denise Galik) and their five-year-old", "title": "Eye of the Tiger (film)" }, { "id": "8613271", "text": "Ronan Hardiman Ronan Hardiman (born May 19, 1961 in Dublin, Ireland) is an Irish composer, famous for his soundtracks to Michael Flatley's dance shows \"Lord of the Dance\", \"Feet of Flames\" and \"Celtic Tiger Live\". Hardiman was born in Dublin on May 19, 1961. His father was an Irish broadcasting executive. Hardiman listened to rock & roll and pop as a child. He has 3 sisters and 1 brother, and they all play traditional musical instruments. He attended St. Kilian's German School and the Royal Academy of Music. In 1978, at the age of 17, Hardiman began working as a", "title": "Ronan Hardiman" }, { "id": "15597809", "text": "Sammy Davis Jr. The three stars perform with three back-up female singers and an eight-piece swing band. The show has appeared in casinos in the US and has toured the UK and Europe since 2004. Songs include My Way and That's Amore. A 1970s and 1980s disco show. The anthem songs include \"Footloose\", \"Night Fever\", \"Fame\", \"Car Wash\", \"Relax\", \"Eye of the Tiger\", \"What a Feeling\" and \"YMCA\". A mix of surreal comedy and acrobatic mayhem. The show first appeared in 2007 and was the first comedy production amongst King's productions. A late night casino production for adult audiences only.", "title": "David King (theatre producer)" } ]	who wrote the song eye of the tiger
[ "extraordinary", "new", "unprecedented" ]	[ { "id": "4494921", "text": "Urvashi Urvashi (Sanskrit: उर्वशी, lit. \"she who can control heart of others. (\"Ur\" means heart and \"vash\" means to control\") is an Apsara (nymph) in Hindu legend. Monier Monier-Williams proposes a different etymology in which the name means 'widely pervasive' and suggests that in its first appearances in Vedic texts it is a name for the dawn goddess. She was a celestial maiden in Indra's court and was considered the most beautiful of all the Apsaras. She is the mother of Rishyasringa, the great saint of the Ramayana era of ancient India from Vibhandaka, who later played crucial role in", "title": "Urvashi" }, { "id": "11101967", "text": "Mastorava Mastorava () is a Mordvin epic poem compiled based on Mordvin mythology and folklore by Aleksandr Sharonov, published in 1994 in the Erzya language, with a Moksha language version announced. The poem consists of five parts entitled \"The Universe\", \"Antiquity\", \"King Tyushtya's Age\", \"The Heroic Age\" and \"The New Age\". \"Mastorava\" is an Earth goddess in Mordvin mythology. The name \"mastor-ava\" literally means \"earth woman\", \"mastor\" being the Mordvin for \"earth, land\". In the Mastorava epic, Tyushtya is a peasant elected by people to be the king and leader of Mokshan and Erzyan clans alliance and the warlord of", "title": "Mastorava" }, { "id": "13115500", "text": "to Herodotus, the Arabs called this aspect of the goddess \"Alitta\" or \"Alilat\" ( or ). The most distinctively Western Asian title of the Greek Aphrodite is Urania, the Semitic \"queen of the heavens\". It has been explained by reference to the lunar character of the goddess, but more probably signifies \"she whose seat is in heaven\", whence she exercises her sway over the whole world—earth, sea, and air alike. Her cult was first established in Cythera, probably in connection with the , and at Athens it is associated with the legendary Porphyrion, the purple king. At Thebes, Harmonia (who", "title": "Aphrodite Urania" }, { "id": "16999301", "text": "Apurva Apurva, also spelled as Apoorv, in Vedanta philosophy is the performative element of an injunction that justifies ritualistic acts and their results. As an explanatory concept it serves as a mediator. The Sanskrit word in its common usage means 'one of a kind', 'unique', 'like none-other', 'like never before' or 'unprecedented', it is something not foreseen, unpreceded, unprecedented, never seen before; in brief it means that which did not exist before or is newly born. Apurva cannot be denoted through any noun or by any verb; it is comprehended as a result of an act. Bhartrhari explains that \"pravrtti\"", "title": "Apurva" }, { "id": "20940307", "text": "in her name, Effrem explains that 'Mary' stands for 'Stella Maris,' meaning the star around which the world revolves. It is called 'Stella Maris' because it never sets and provides constant guidance for sailors steering their course. Mary wonders how she, \"a poor frail creature made from the dust of the earth\" live up to such a nme. Effrem declares that she can do so by keeping remaining a virgin. If she does so, he asserts, she will be freed of her earthly body and eventually arrive in Mary's bridal chamber, in the arms of her Son. Excited by Effrem's", "title": "Abraham (Hrotsvitha play)" }, { "id": "15046770", "text": "Al-Afuw Al-'Afuw (Arabic: العفو) is one of the Names of Allah. It means \"The Pardoner, The Most Forgiving, The Effacing, The Eliminator of Sins\". It is part of the 99 Names of God, by which Muslims regard God, and it is described in Qur'ān and Sunnah. Afuw is said to come from the root 'a-f-a which has the following classical Arabic connotations: Traditionally, it is translated as \"Forgiver\" and \"Pardoner\". However, according to the book \"Al-Maqsad Al-Asna fi Sharah Asma' Allahu al-Husna\" (aka The best means in explaining Allah's Beautiful Names), Imam Al Ghazali defines this Attribute as The One", "title": "Al-Afuw" }, { "id": "13599995", "text": "\"Aafreen\". \"Aafreen Aafreen (Variation of Afreen)\" is a 1996 song sung by Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. It was remade in 2016 for an episode of \"Coke Studio\", sung by Rahat Fateh Ali Khan and Momina Mustehsan. Afreen \"'Afreen/Afrin آفرین/આફ્રીન \" is a female name. The name Afreen/Afrin is mainly used in the Morrocan and Egyptian culture. It has many meanings, including \"most powerful rose\" in Arabic, \"delightful and elegant\" in Urdu, \"encouragement of goodness\" in Turkish, مهتاب (\"moonlight\") in Persian, and \"gem\" in Egyptian. The \"Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary\" by R.S. McGregor gives the translation \"beauty\", as does \"A Dictionary of", "title": "Afreen" }, { "id": "1980075", "text": "Bhairavi Bhairavi is a Hindu goddess associated with the Mahavidyas. She is the consort of Bhairava. The name \"Bhairavi\" means \"Terror\" or \"awe-inspiring\". She is the Fifth of ten Mahavidyas. She is also called Tripurabhairavi. \"Tri\" means three, \"Pura\" means fortress, castle, city, town, etc. Tripura convey three different stages of consciousness i.e active, dream and deep sleep. She is in the form of all triads and once these triads are transcended, the Brahman is attained. In other words, once we have her grace, we can realize Shiva consciousness. Hence She is called Tripurabhairavi. Her dhyana shloka in the Devi", "title": "Bhairavi" }, { "id": "847027", "text": "the epithets of Hindu female Goddess Parvati, while her second given name \"Karuna\" (Sanskrit करुणा) means \"compassion\" or \"empathy\". Her father, Robert Alexander Farrar Thurman, is a professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies; an academic and writer, he lived as an ordained Buddhist monk for three years. Her mother, Nena von Schlebrügge, a high-fashion model, was born in Mexico City; Nena was discovered in Stockholm, and moved to New York City at the age of 17 to join the Ford Modeling Agency. Thurman received a Buddhist upbringing, and spent altogether around two years in the Indo-Himalayan town of Almora. She grew", "title": "Uma Thurman" }, { "id": "13599994", "text": "Afreen \"'Afreen/Afrin آفرین/આફ્રીન \" is a female name. The name Afreen/Afrin is mainly used in the Morrocan and Egyptian culture. It has many meanings, including \"most powerful rose\" in Arabic, \"delightful and elegant\" in Urdu, \"encouragement of goodness\" in Turkish, مهتاب (\"moonlight\") in Persian, and \"gem\" in Egyptian. The \"Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary\" by R.S. McGregor gives the translation \"beauty\", as does \"A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic\" by Hans Wehr. The primary translation is \"the most beautiful one\". The initial way to spell the name is \"Afreen\" and pronounced as <af-reen>, but it can also be spelled \"Afryn\", \"Afrin\", and", "title": "Afreen" }, { "id": "4335051", "text": "to stay until forgiven by God and let into Paradise, as discussed in Sura 7 of the Qur'an. As Poe explained to a potential publisher: In the opening section of the poem, God commands Nesace, a name for Beauty's spirit, to convey a message to \"other worlds\". Nesace rouses the angel Ligeia and tells her to awaken the other thousand seraphs to perform God's work. Two souls, however, fail to respond: the \"maiden-angel\" Ianthe and her \"seraph-lover\" Angelo (Michelangelo), who describes his death on earth and the flight of his spirit to Al Aaraaf. Ianthe and Angelo are lovers, and", "title": "Al Aaraaf" }, { "id": "3431354", "text": "the sylphs Ariel and Umbriel from Alexander Pope's \"The Rape of the Lock\" (Ariel is also a sprite in Shakespeare's \"The Tempest\"). The reasoning was presumably that Uranus, as god of the sky and air, would be attended by spirits of the air. Subsequent names, rather than continuing the airy spirits theme (only Puck and Mab continued the trend), have focused on Herschel's source material. In 1949, the fifth moon, Miranda, was named by its discoverer Gerard Kuiper after a thoroughly mortal character in Shakespeare's \"The Tempest\". The current IAU practice is to name moons after characters from Shakespeare's plays", "title": "Moons of Uranus" }, { "id": "14744841", "text": "in touch with Nancy and tells her the truth. He steals their ransom money from their hideout and gives it back to her dad in the hope to reunite with Nancy. But Nancy reveals that she was only pretending to be in love with him because she wanted the money back and that she wanted to break his heart in return. She gets engaged to the guy chosen by her father in front of Roopesh. Tommy and Narayanan follow them back to this place and abduct Roopesh and Nancy. In the fight that follows, Roopesh grabs the gun and shoots", "title": "Apoorvaragam" }, { "id": "3388809", "text": "mother of the four Philistine giants, one of whom was Goliath. These four sons were said to have been given her for the four tears which she shed at parting with her mother-in-law (Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 42b). Her other name Harafa is cognate of the word for threshing; that she allowed herself to be \"threshed\" by many men as one would thresh wheat (Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 42b). According to a legend in a midrash, Orpah was a sister of Ruth, and both were daughters of the Moabite King Eglon (Ruth R. ii. 9). Her name was changed to \"Orpah\" because", "title": "Orpah" }, { "id": "14131865", "text": "Uma (given name) Uma is a given name in various cultures. In India, it is the name of the Hindu goddess, who is more commonly known as Parvati. In Sanskrit the word \"\" can further mean \"tranquillity\", \"splendour\", \"fame\" and \"night\". In Hebrew and Aramaic its meaning is \"nation\". It is also used by the Tiv people of Cameroon and Nigeria where the meaning in the Tiv language is \"life\". The name Uma is also popular in the Otukpo subgroup of the Idoma people of Nigeria and the meaning in the Idoma language is \"to shine\". Uma in Balinese means", "title": "Uma (given name)" }, { "id": "19436379", "text": "they had a beautiful daughter whom they named Uma who later came to be known as Parvati. As per Hindu mythology many ancient mountains had wings and had the divine power of flight. However due to some misunderstanding Lord Indra chopped off the wings of Mainak's 99 brothers. However Mainak sought help from Vayu God and so Vayu placed Mainak into the ocean blocking demons from coming out from the underworld.He later came out to serve Hanuman in his mission for Ram Karya. Mount Mainak Mount Mainak (Sanskrit: मैनाक IAST) or Mainak Parvat is a mountain from the Hindu epic", "title": "Mount Mainak" }, { "id": "15046774", "text": "Allahumma innaka 'afuwwun, tuhibbul-'afwa, fa'fu 'anni الْلَّهُمَّ اِنَّكَ عَفُوٌّ تُحِبُّ الْعَفْوَ فَاعْفُ عَنَّي 'O Allah, You are The Forgiver, You Love Forgiveness, so Forgive me'. Al-Afuw Al-'Afuw (Arabic: العفو) is one of the Names of Allah. It means \"The Pardoner, The Most Forgiving, The Effacing, The Eliminator of Sins\". It is part of the 99 Names of God, by which Muslims regard God, and it is described in Qur'ān and Sunnah. Afuw is said to come from the root 'a-f-a which has the following classical Arabic connotations: Traditionally, it is translated as \"Forgiver\" and \"Pardoner\". However, according to the book", "title": "Al-Afuw" }, { "id": "16105", "text": "Boetians to build a town around the tomb of the hero, and to honor him for his bravery and sacrifice. Apollo saved a shepherd (name unknown) from death in a large deep cave, by the means of vultures. To thank him, the shepherd built Apollo a temple under the name Vulturius. Apollo guided Aphrodite to his sanctuary when she was grief-stricken with Adonis' death. He helped her free herself from the heartbreak. Apollo divides months into summer and winter. He rides on the back of a swan to the land of the Hyperboreans during the winter months, and the absence", "title": "Apollo" }, { "id": "5208655", "text": "their sins and virtues are evenly balanced. Yet with the mercy of God, they will be among the last people to enter the paradise. The Catholic scholar of Islam Louis Massignon believed, the christian concept of limbo was inspired by the Muslim interpretation of A'raf. Araf (Islam) A'raf () is the Muslim separator realm or borderland between heaven and hell, inhabited by the people who are evenly balanced in their sins and virtues. This place may be described as a kind of beneficent purgatory with privation but without suffering. The word is literally translated as \"The Heights\" in English. The", "title": "Araf (Islam)" }, { "id": "4335054", "text": "theme of the poem is \"one of disillusionment with the world and escape into some more congenial realm of dream or of the imagination\". The star which prompted Poe to write \"Al Aaraaf\" was believed to foretell disaster or that humanity would be punished for breaking God's laws. Poe may have gotten the idea to base a poem on Brahe's astronomical discovery from poet John Keats's use of the 1781 discovery of the planet Uranus in a poem called \"On First Looking into Chapman's Homer\" (1816). The name of the star has been changed from \"Al Orf\" to \"Al Aaraaf\"", "title": "Al Aaraaf" }, { "id": "18690434", "text": "Kourotrophos Kourotrophos (, \"child nurturer\") is the name that was given in ancient Greece to gods and goddesses whose properties included their ability to protect young people. Such gods called by this adjective included Athena, Apollo, Hermes, Hecate, Aphrodite, Artemis, etc., and were usually depicted holding a baby in their arms. Also, Kourotrophos was a secondary deity of the city of Athens, who was not among the twelve known gods of Olympus. She appeared as the protector of children and young people and a sanctuary built on her name in honor of the cult, the so-called Kourotropheion. Kourotrophos was a", "title": "Kourotrophos" }, { "id": "1649575", "text": "said to have delivered the famous speech, \"Now what you worship as something unknown I am going to proclaim to you. The God who made the world and everything in it is the Lord of heaven and earth and does not live in temples built by hands.\" (Areopagus sermon, The term \"Areopagus\" also refers to the judicial body of aristocratic origin that subsequently formed the higher court of modern Greece. Areopagus The Areopagus () is a prominent rock outcropping located northwest of the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. Its English name is the Late Latin composite form of the Greek name", "title": "Areopagus" }, { "id": "3438787", "text": "moons, discovered in 1787, did not receive names until 1852, a year after two more moons had been discovered. The responsibility for naming was taken by John Herschel, son of the discoverer of Uranus. Herschel, instead of assigning names from Greek mythology, named the moons after magical spirits in English literature: the fairies Oberon and Titania from William Shakespeare's \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\", and the sylphs Ariel and Umbriel from Alexander Pope's \"The Rape of the Lock\" (Ariel is also a sprite in Shakespeare's \"The Tempest\"). The reasoning was presumably that Uranus, as god of the sky and air, would", "title": "Naming of moons" }, { "id": "14377125", "text": "place of dwelling. The Qur'an mentions the throne some 25 times (33 times as \"Al-'Arsh\"), such as in verse 23:116: The Qur'an depicts the angels as carrying the throne of God and praising his glory, similar to Old Testament images. The \"Ayat al-Kursi\" (often glossed as \"Verse of the footstool\"), is a verse from Al-Baqara, the second \"sura\" of the Qur'an, and is regarded as the book's greatest verse. It references the Throne, and also God's greatest name, \"Al-Hayy Al-Qayyoom\" (\"The Living, the Eternal\"). Scholars of hadith have stated that Muhammad said the reward for reciting this verse after every", "title": "Throne of God" }, { "id": "17116500", "text": "Abhava Abhava means non-existence, negation, nothing or absence. It is the negative of Bhava which means being, becoming, existing or appearance. Uddayana divides \"Padārtha\" (Categories) into \"Bhava\" (existence) which is real, and \"Abhava\" (non-existence) which is not real. \"Dravya\" (substance), \"Guṇa\" (quality), \"Karma\" (action), \"Samanya\" (community or generality), \"Visesa\" (particularity or partimerity) and \"Samavaya\" (inherence) are the marks of existence. \"Abhava\" has not been categorically defined by the Vaisheshika School of Hindu philosophy but is of four kinds viz – 1) \"Pragabhava\" i.e. Prior non-existence, 2) \"Pradhvamsabhava\" i.e. Posterior non-existence, 3) \"Atyantabhava\" i.e. Absolute non-existence, and 4) \"Anyonyabhava\" i.e. Mutual", "title": "Abhava" }, { "id": "2818025", "text": "good number of which are classical Kuiper belt objects. It was named after Albion from William Blake's mythology. This minor planet was named after Albion from the complex mythology of English poet and painter William Blake (1757–1827). Albion is the island-dwelling primeval man whose division resulted into \"The Four Zoas\": Urizen, Tharmas, Luvah/Orc and Urthona/Los. The name Albion itself derives from the ancient and mythological name of Britain. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 31 January 2018 (). The discoverers suggested the name \"Smiley\" for , but the name was already used for an", "title": "15760 Albion" }, { "id": "13568639", "text": "or Parvati, i.e. one of the earliest forms of Shakti. She is capable of turning situations according to her wish. It is considered that even the navagrahas and Trimurti cannot stop her from doing anything. Her consort is Lord Lingaraj, an incarnation of Shiva. The word Bhuvaneśwari is a compound of the words \"Bhuvana Iśwari\", meaning \"Goddess of the worlds\" or \"Queen of the universe\", where the worlds are the \"tri-bhuvana\" or three regions of \"bhūḥ\" (Earth), \"bhuvaḥ\" (atmosphere) and \"svaḥ\" (Heavens). During the beginning of time the Tridevas — Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra did not know who they were", "title": "Bhuvaneshvari" }, { "id": "18693005", "text": "the film. Ravichandran expects this movie to be better than \"Premaloka\". The movie contains quotes about love such as \"Death, a reason to love. Love, a reason to die\", \"The world does not matter to the person who has fallen in love\", etc. The audio rights of the film was bought by Lahari Music for 72 lakh, a record deal in Kannada film industry. The deal was finalised on 1 January 2015. The audio of the film was released on Valentine's Day. The audio launch was exclusively telecast on Udaya TV and featured top stars of Kannada industry. Prior to", "title": "Apoorva (2016 film)" }, { "id": "17758510", "text": "dasa lord in upachayasthana or trikona or 7th from dasa-lord. The lords of the 3rd, the 6th and the 11th bhavas do not give good results in their respective dasa-bhukti. Benefic planets occupying these houses give happiness during childhood and malefic planets give happiness in old age. Upachayasthanas The term Upachayasthana is derived from the Sanskrit word उपचय which means increase, it also means the entire process of acquisition, assimilation and augmentation or proximate aggregation or increase or gain of nourishment or in growth or in body weight. In Hindu astrology the 3rd, the 6th, the 10th and the 11th", "title": "Upachayasthanas" }, { "id": "7060064", "text": "name include \"\" (\"Avrorka\"), \"\" (\"Ava\"), \"\" (\"Ara\"), and \"\" (\"Rora\"). The Sanksrit name Aarushi (Arushi) meaning first rays of the sun in the dawn, is closely related. The name Arushi stems from the word Arusha which appears in the Rig Veda. The Vedic hymns composed in praise of the fire god Agni refer to the red colour of the dawn as Arusha. The name Aurora or Arora is also used by the Khatri community of West Pakistan as a surname; the name has an Indo-Greek origin of the name Aurora. It can be written the same as Aurora or", "title": "Aurora (given name)" }, { "id": "1649571", "text": "Areopagus The Areopagus () is a prominent rock outcropping located northwest of the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. Its English name is the Late Latin composite form of the Greek name Areios Pagos, translated \"Ares Rock\" (). In classical times, it functioned as the court for trying deliberate homicide, wounding and religious matters, as well as cases involving arson or olive trees. Ares was supposed to have been tried here by the gods for the murder of Poseidon's son Halirrhothius (a typical example of an aetiological myth). The origin of its name is not clear. In Ancient Greek, πάγος \"pagos\" means", "title": "Areopagus" }, { "id": "7742060", "text": "earlier version of the narrative of Urvashi and Pururavas is found in the Rigveda (X.95.1–18) and the Śatapaṭha Brāhmaṇa (XI.5.1). The later versions are found in the Mahābhārata, the Harivaṃsa, the Viṣṇu Purāṇa, the Matsya Purāṇa, and the Bhāgavata Purāṇa. The Ṛg-veda, X.129 contains a conversational fragment, written in a highly wrought poetic style. The hymn suggests that Uṣas (also known as Urvaśi) is a \"Gandharvi\" or \"Apsara\" (an aquatic nymph). Having been united with a human king, Purūravas, and after living together for four autumns, suddenly left him on his unintentional violation of the stipulated conditions of the union.", "title": "Pururavas" }, { "id": "5208654", "text": "Araf (Islam) A'raf () is the Muslim separator realm or borderland between heaven and hell, inhabited by the people who are evenly balanced in their sins and virtues. This place may be described as a kind of beneficent purgatory with privation but without suffering. The word is literally translated as \"The Heights\" in English. The realm is described as a high curtain between hell and paradise. Ibn Kathir described A'raf as a wall that contains a gate. In this high wall lived people who witness the terror of hell and the beauty of paradise. They yearn to enter paradise, but", "title": "Araf (Islam)" }, { "id": "3983080", "text": "is also linked to the Mongolian invasion of Babylon due to the Mongolian origin of the name Chedorlaomer (Kudur Lagamar). By the 20th century, this theory became popular so that it was common to identify Arioch with \"Eriaku\" — through the alternative reading of either Rim-Sin or his brother Warad-Sin, who were both believed to be contemporary with Hammurabi. Arioch was a name for a fictional demon, and also appears as the name of a demon in many grimoires. Arioch is also named in John Milton's \"Paradise Lost\" (vi. 371.) as one of the fallen angels under Satan's command. Arioch", "title": "Arioch" }, { "id": "747317", "text": "Nienna Nienna is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. She is introduced in \"The Silmarillion\" as one of the Ainur (angelic beings), one of the Queens of the Valar and one of the \"Aratar\". She was the sister of Mandos and Irmo. Her name meant \"She who weeps\". She lived in the far West of Arda, grieved for the suffering of the world, and comforted the spirits of the dead who waited in the halls of Mandos: Gandalf's rebuke of Frodo for wishing death upon Gollum in \"The Fellowship of the Ring\" is obliquely attributed in \"The", "title": "Nienna" }, { "id": "5029447", "text": "became popular in English literature \"sometime before 1890\" and was first used in 1758. Alternate meanings describe \"Maharshi\" as a collective name that refers to the seven rishis or saptarishis (including Maharishi Bhrigu) cited in the scriptures of Rig Veda and the Puranas, or any of the several mythological seers that are referenced in Vedic writings and associated with the seven stars of the constellation Ursa Major. The only ones who can adopt the title are those who achieve the highest state of awareness in the path of evolution and completely understand the working of parabramha. The Maharshis are capable", "title": "Maharishi" }, { "id": "12022", "text": "of Sappho. However, other versions of her myth have her born near the island of Cythera, hence another of her names, \"Cytherea\". Cythera was a stopping place for trade and culture between Crete and the Peloponesus, so these stories may preserve traces of the migration of Aphrodite's cult from the Middle East to mainland Greece. According to the version of her birth recounted by Hesiod in his \"Theogony\", Cronus severed Uranus' genitals and threw them behind him into the sea. The foam from his genitals gave rise to Aphrodite (hence her name, which Hesiod interprets as \"foam-arisen\"), while the Giants,", "title": "Aphrodite" }, { "id": "6614877", "text": "Pandæmonium (Paradise Lost) Pandæmonium is the capital of Hell in John Milton's epic poem \"Paradise Lost\". \"Pandæmonium\" (in some versions of English \"Pandemonium\") stems from Greek \"παν\", meaning \"all\" or \"every\", and \"δαιμόνιον\", meaning \"little spirit\", \"little angel\", or, as Christians interpreted it, \"little daemon\", and later, \"demon\". It thus roughly translates as \"All Demons\", but can also be interpreted as Παν-δαιμον-ειον, \"all-demon-place\". John Milton invented the name for the capital of Hell, \"the High Capital, of Satan and his Peers\", built by the fallen angels at the suggestion of Mammon at the end of Book I of \"Paradise Lost\"", "title": "Pandæmonium (Paradise Lost)" }, { "id": "8284925", "text": "the name Ariadne (; ; \"most holy\", Cretan Greek \"αρι\" [ari] \"most\" and \"αδνος\" [adnos] \"holy\"), the daughter of Minos, King of Crete, and his queen Pasiphaë, daughter of Helios, the Sun-titan, from Greek mythology. Ariana was first used in the English speaking world in the nineteenth century. It is also sometimes treated as a Welsh name, an elaboration of Welsh: \"arian\" “silver.” In the United States, the name Ariana was listed as the 78th most popular name for babies in 2006, with Arianna at 77. Ariana (name) Ariana is a feminine Persian name, popular in many languages. Arianna and", "title": "Ariana (name)" }, { "id": "8478038", "text": "and Tara), Urvashi - the celestial nymph, Aushinari - the Queen and the wife of Pururavas (also the princess of Kashi) Chitralekha - another nymph and Urvashi's close friend, Nipunika - the chambermaid of Aushinari, Vidushaka - the jester and the aide in personal and romantic matters) of Pururava The story of a nymph marrying a noble-born human and leaving her celestial home has been used in 1957 Tamil film Manalane Mangayin Bhagyam. Vikramōrvaśīyam Vikramōrvaśīyam (, meaning \"Urvashi Won by Valour\") is a five-act Sanskrit play by ancient Indian poet Kalidasa who flourished in the 4th Century CE, on the", "title": "Vikramōrvaśīyam" }, { "id": "18966496", "text": "Apoorva Raagangal (TV series) Apoorva Raagangal is a 2015-2018 Indian Tamil-language soap opera that airs on Sun TV. The show premiered on 10 August 2015 to 7 July 2018 for 859 episodes. It airs Monday through Saturday at 11:00AM IST. The show starring by Shruthi Raj and Mithun. The show Directed by Justin Jeyaraj and Production by The Purple Productions It was written by famous lyricist Dr. Krithaya, composed by the famous music director Prashathini Prem and background score by Kiran. It was sung by Subramaniyam, Sai lakshmi, Aishwarya and Asvitha with the right feel which touched people. The series", "title": "Apoorva Raagangal (TV series)" }, { "id": "14339798", "text": "the context of the description of the everlasting eternal success which is a result of the individual who remains dedicated to God, and attains paradise for himself. Fouzan Fouzan, also spelled Fawzan, Fowzan, and Fauzan, is an Arabic name meaning \"successful\", \"success\", \"victorious\", or \"victor\". The root word is \"fouz\", and the tense is symbolized by the \"an\". In the Arabic language, there is a single and plural tense, as well as a dual tense. The suffix, \"an\", represents the dual tense of a word. Therefore, the true meaning of \"Fouzan\" is a dual success. The term is derived from", "title": "Fouzan" }, { "id": "13772108", "text": "does not mean angel. \"Fereshteh\" () is a feminine given name which actually happens to mean angel. The Pari (or Peri) in Persian mythology are described to be a race of beautiful and benevolent supernatural fairy beings, earlier regarded as malevolent. Risa (given name) can be used as a nickname also. Notable people with the name Parisa include: Parisa (given name) Parisā () (pronounced pə-REE-sa) is a Persian given name for girls that means 'like a fairy'. The ancient Persian name \"Parysatis\" () is related to this name. Two notable women with the name \"Parysatis\" are: Parysatis, who was the", "title": "Parisa (given name)" }, { "id": "2008708", "text": "sky, where \"'midst the stars [it] inscribes Belinda's name\", contributed to the eventual naming of three of the moons of Uranus after characters from \"The Rape of the Lock\": Umbriel, Ariel, and Belinda. The first two are major bodies and were named in 1852 by John Herschel, a year after their discovery. The inner satellite Belinda was not discovered until 1986 and is the only other of the planet's 27 moons taken from Pope's poem rather than Shakespeare's works. Modern adaptations of \"The Rape of the Lock\" include Deborah Mason's opera-ballet, on which the composer worked since 2002. It had", "title": "The Rape of the Lock" }, { "id": "19332", "text": "Andromeda (mythology) In Greek mythology, Andromeda (; Greek: Ἀνδρομέδα, \"Androméda\" or Ἀνδρομέδη, \"Andromédē\") is the daughter of the Aethiopian king Cepheus and his wife Cassiopeia. When Cassiopeia's hubris leads her to boast that Andromeda is more beautiful than the Nereids, Poseidon sends the sea monster Cetus to ravage Andromeda as divine punishment. Andromeda is chained to a rock as a sacrifice to sate the monster, but is saved from death by Perseus. Her name is the Latinized form of the Greek (\"Androméda\") or (\"Andromédē\"): \"ruler of men\", from (\"anēr, andrós\") \"man\", and \"medon\", \"ruler\". As a subject, Andromeda has been", "title": "Andromeda (mythology)" }, { "id": "17758503", "text": "Upachayasthanas The term Upachayasthana is derived from the Sanskrit word उपचय which means increase, it also means the entire process of acquisition, assimilation and augmentation or proximate aggregation or increase or gain of nourishment or in growth or in body weight. In Hindu astrology the 3rd, the 6th, the 10th and the 11th bhavas or houses counted from the Lagna or the Moon are known as the Upachayasthanas, they are known as the houses of growth and expansion. B. Suryanarain Rao in his commentary on Brihat Jataka states that the 3rd, the 6th, the 10th and the 11th bhavas are", "title": "Upachayasthanas" }, { "id": "12544458", "text": "Vanvas Vanvas (, ) is a Sanskrit term meaning residence (\"vās\") in a forest (\"van\"). While it can be undertaken voluntarily, it usually carries a connotation of forced exile as a punishment. It commonly figures as a harsh penalty in ancient Hindu epics (such as the Ramayan and Mahabharat) set in a time, thousands of years ago, when much of the Indian subcontinent was a wilderness. When vanvas is self-imposed, it can imply seclusion from worldly affairs to focus on spiritual matters, as in the case of ashrams (hermitages) established by ancient rishis. When imposed as a punishment, it carries", "title": "Vanvas" }, { "id": "2316438", "text": "Sugriva In the Hindu epic Ramayana, Sugriva (Sanskrit: सुग्रीव, IAST: sugrīva สุคฺรีว, lit. \"beautiful necked\") was younger brother of Vali, whom he succeeded as ruler of the vanara kingdom of Kishkindha. Rumā was his wife. He was son of Surya, the Hindu deity of sun. As the king of vanara, Sugriva aided Rama in his quest to liberate his wife Sita from captivity at the hands of the Rakshasa king Ravana. This aid is referred to as Sugrivajne. He is also known as , , , , Creole: \"Soogrim\", , , , Sugreeva or Sugreev. The story of Sugriva is", "title": "Sugriva" }, { "id": "967513", "text": "and this hymn is stipulated for a woman as a charm to win over the lover she wants. Similarly, in the Atharva Veda, all sorts of medical remedies and charms are projected as Asuri manifested in plants and animals. Asuri Kalpa is an \"abhichara\" (craft) which contains various rites derived from special knowledge and magic of Asuri. According to the Vishnu Purana, during the Samudra manthan or \"churning of the ocean\", the daityas came to be known as \"asuras\" because they rejected Varuni, the goddess of \"sura\" \"wine\", while the devas accepted her and came to be known as suras.", "title": "Asura" }, { "id": "17620934", "text": "Beulah (Blake) In William Blake's mythology, Beulah, originally Hebrew בְּעוּלָה (bÿ'ulah, traditionally transliterated “Beulah” , that means: \"married\" or \"espoused\") is \"the realm of the Subconscious, the source of poetic inspiration and of dreams.\" It is also, according to Blake scholar Alexander S. Gourlay, \"a dreamy paradise where the sexes, though divided, blissfully converse in shameless selflessness. Beulah is available through dreams and visions to those in Ulro, the utterly fallen world.\" Between Eternity and Ulro, it is imagined as a place without conflict similar to a conventional image of heaven or Eternity. However, for Blake, the idea of an", "title": "Beulah (Blake)" }, { "id": "6144033", "text": "been inspired by the American film \"40 Carats\" (1973). \"Apoorva Raagangal\" was controversial upon release as it examines relationships between people with wide age gaps, which challenged Indian social mores. The film is about Prasanna (Kamal) who falls in love with the older Bhairavi (Srividya) while his father is drawn to Bhairavi's daughter Ranjini (Jayasudha). The rest of the film revolves around the four characters and their problems. \"Apoorva Raagangal\" released on 18 August 1975 and became a critical and commercial success\".\" It won three National Film Awards and three Filmfare Awards South. It was later remade by Balachander in", "title": "Apoorva Raagangal" }, { "id": "20474972", "text": "The original face of Aphrodite ruled over much land and therefore according to whom lived within these walls came her various epithets. This signature role of Areia, contradicted her primary role as the Goddess of love and eternal youth/beauty. Much evidence attests that the form in which Aphrodite was being worshiped in was the sole reason of her to be supportive of the warriors, thinking that she was much like them, a warrior within her own confines. After excavating much of iconography she was found holding a helmet and shield, this paved the way for Pausanias to begin associating her", "title": "Aphrodite Areia" }, { "id": "971290", "text": "(Shiva's first wife, who is reborn as Parvati) in earlier texts, but in the Ramayana, it is used as a synonym for Parvati. In the Harivamsa, Parvati is referred to as Aparna ('One who took no sustenance') and then addressed as Uma, who was dissuaded by her mother from severe austerity by saying u mā ('oh, don't'). She is also Ambika ('dear mother'), Shakti (power), Mataji ('revered mother'), Maheshwari ('great goddess'), Durga (invincible), Bhairavi ('ferocious'), Bhavani ('fertility and birthing'), Shivaradni ('Queen of Shiva'), \"Urvi or Renu\", and many hundreds of others. Parvati is also the goddess of love and devotion,", "title": "Parvati" }, { "id": "9160612", "text": "and cut him below the waist with a scythe. Uranus, as he tried to escape flying, lost parts of his truncated body and testicles into the sea. A white foam appeared from which a maiden arose, the waves first taking her to Kythera and then bringing her to Cyprus. The maiden, named Aphrodite, went to the assembly of gods from Cyprus. The Romans widely referred to her as Venus. Aphrodite attracted a large cult following in Paphos, which was eventually crushed by the Romans. This is evident from the Sanctuary of Aphrodite in Old Paphos, Kouklia. A local myth is", "title": "Petra tou Romiou" }, { "id": "11136632", "text": "Amalia (given name) Amalia is a female given name. It is a cross-cultural name found all over the world. It is derived from the Germanic word \"amal\" meaning \"work, activity\", specifically the woman's name \"Amalberga\". Its popularity is attributed to the Belgian Saint Amalberga of Maubeuge. The origins of the name Amalia have often been associated with those of Emilia and Emily, both of which in fact originate from the Latin nomen Aemilia, or with Amalthea, originate from the Greek name \"tender goddess\". In Greece, the name is celebrated on 10 July in honour of Saint Amalia. Amalia name has", "title": "Amalia (given name)" }, { "id": "1980080", "text": "the state of Bhairavi, is beyond the fear of death and therefore awesome. Bhairavi is the consort of Bhairava according to the Puranas and Tantras. Bhairavi Bhairavi is a Hindu goddess associated with the Mahavidyas. She is the consort of Bhairava. The name \"Bhairavi\" means \"Terror\" or \"awe-inspiring\". She is the Fifth of ten Mahavidyas. She is also called Tripurabhairavi. \"Tri\" means three, \"Pura\" means fortress, castle, city, town, etc. Tripura convey three different stages of consciousness i.e active, dream and deep sleep. She is in the form of all triads and once these triads are transcended, the Brahman is", "title": "Bhairavi" }, { "id": "971289", "text": "and the personification of the Himalayas; Parvati implies \"she of the mountain\". Parvati is known by many names in Hindu literature. Other names which associate her with mountains are \"Shailaja\" (Daughter of the mountains), \"Adrija\" or \"Nagajaa\" or \"Shailaputri\" (Daughter of Mountains), \"Haimavathi\" (Daughter of Himavan), \"Devi Maheshwari\", and \"Girija\" or \"Girirajaputri\" (Daughter of king of the mountains). She is also called \"Narayani\" because she is the sister of Narayana. The \"Lalita sahasranama\" contains a listing of 1,000 names of Parvati (as Lalita). Two of Parvati's most famous epithets are Uma and Aparna. The name Uma is used for Sati", "title": "Parvati" }, { "id": "765760", "text": "after characters created by William Shakespeare or Alexander Pope. The name Oberon was derived from Oberon, the King of the Fairies in \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\". The names of all four satellites of Uranus then known were suggested by Herschel's son John in 1852, at the request of William Lassell, who had discovered the other two moons, Ariel and Umbriel, the year before. The adjectival form of the name is \"Oberonian,\" . Oberon was initially referred to as \"the second satellite of Uranus\", and in 1848 was given the designation ' by William Lassell, although he sometimes used William Herschel's", "title": "Oberon (moon)" }, { "id": "4372312", "text": "An-Naba Sūrat an-Nabaʼ (, “The Tidings”, “The Announcement”) is the seventy-eighth chapter (sura) of the Quran with 40 verses. Its forty verses are divided into two equal parts of twenty verses each. The first twenty verses are filled with the wonders of the worldly creation (the earth, plants, the peace of night shared by loving couples, the mountains and rain). The latter twenty verses are filled with the eternal wonders and horrors of the next world with raging sinner (the Arabic root TGY \"tageena\" is used) being punished starkly opposed with the rewarding of dutiful believers (the Arabic root WQY", "title": "An-Naba" }, { "id": "7663536", "text": "character Tashu, an Abhay's evil wife in Sony's \"Kkusum\". In 2017 played the role of powerful business woman satrupa in Star Plus's show Rishton Ka Chakravyuh. She hails from Mumbai and completed her junior college at Symbiosis College in Pune, and later moved to Government Law College in Mumbai. She was in relationship with Anuj Saxena and later Gaurav Chopra with whom she appeared in \"Nach Baliye.She is married to Steven graver aka Tony for nearly two and a half years.\" Narayani Shastri Narayani Shastri (born 16 April 1978) is an Indian television and theatre actress known for her roles", "title": "Narayani Shastri" }, { "id": "20507032", "text": "named earlier in the same year; the genus \"Arkharavia\", named in 2010, although originally described as a sauropod, was later re-assigned to Hadrosauridae. Earlier, in 2015, it had been informally nicknamed \"Sibirosaurus\" in the press. The final name of \"Sibirotitan\" was derived from Siberia, where it was found, and the Greek Τιτάν (titan), the second group of divine beings in Greek Mythology, preceding the Olympians. The specific name \"S. astrosacralis\" is derived from the Greek ἄστρον, meaning \"star\", and Latin \"os sacrum\", meaning \"sacred bone\". This refers to the star-like way in which the sacral ribs radiate in dorsal view.", "title": "Sibirotitan" }, { "id": "6600087", "text": "such as \"men\" in Mazandarani or \"Mu/Mi\" in Eastern Gilaki and all use the Persian pronunciation \"man\". It is the antonym of \"Doshman\" - دشمن, which means malevolent, enemy, or fetes. The name has become more popular in Iran as several people with that name have become famous singers, writers, engineers, doctors, and the such. Hooman is not to be confused with the name Houmān in Ferdowsi's story of Rostam and Sohrab in the Shahnameh. Hooman Hooman (also spelled Houman, Human, Whoman) - هومن is a Persian name for men which means benevolent and good natured. It is featured on", "title": "Hooman" }, { "id": "7641040", "text": "Osmani Usmani or Osmani or Othmani or Uthmani () is a large community (), found mainly in South Asia. The word Usmani or Osman (one and the same thing) is a surname. Osmani are found throughout South Asia, and have spread across Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The Osmani are a Urdu speaking community, and many are found among the Sindhis of Pakistan. They are of Arab origin and descendants of third Islamic Caliph Usman Dhul Noorayn (famously known as Uthman ibn Affan). The word \"usmani\" derived from Usman Dhul Noorayn, companion, son-in-law of Muhammad and the third caliph of", "title": "Osmani" }, { "id": "16295", "text": "administered by Muslims, received this designation. Other theories suggest that the term derives from the Navarro-Aragonese \"andurrial\", which means \"land covered with bushes\" or \"scrubland\". The folk etymology holds that Charlemagne had named the region as a reference to the Biblical Canaanite valley of \"Endor\" or \"Andor\" (where the Midianites had been defeated), a name also bestowed by his heir and son Louis le Debonnaire after defeating the Moors in the \"wild valleys of Hell\". \"La Balma de la Margineda\", found by archaeologists at Sant Julia de Loria, was first settled in 9,500 BC as a passing place between the", "title": "Andorra" }, { "id": "11253136", "text": "side of the mountain, which Pope asserted was closely associated with it in legend. In classical Greek mythology, Afqa is associated with the cult of Aphrodite and Adonis. According to the myth, Cinyras, the King of Cyprus seduced his daughter Myrrha who was transformed into a tree that bears her name (see:Myrrh). After several months, the tree split open and the child Adonis emerged. He was reared by Aphrodite, who became enamored of him, causing her lover Ares to grow jealous. Ares sent a vicious boar to kill Adonis. At the pool at the foot of the falls of Afqa,", "title": "Afqa" }, { "id": "8558301", "text": "Avīci In Buddhism, (Sanskrit and Pali for \"without waves\" – Chinese and Japanese: 無間地獄, \"Wújiàn dìyù\" and 阿鼻地獄, \"Ābí dìyù\") or Avichi is the lowest level of the Naraka or \"hell\" realm, with the most suffering, into which the dead who have committed grave misdeeds may be reborn. It is said to be a cube 20,000 yojanas (120,000 to 300,000 kilometres) to a side, buried deep underneath the divine (nonvisible) earth. \"Avīci\" is often translated into English as \"interminable\" or \"incessant\", referring to suffering without periods of respite, although it is believed to be ultimately impermanent. There are various evil", "title": "Avīci" }, { "id": "15377133", "text": "Ariel (name) Ariel is a given name from Biblical Hebrew אריאל \"Ariel\" that literally means \"lion of God,\" although some have supposed it to be derived from the Arabic ארי 'ărı̂y, meaning fire hearth The female form is אריאלה (transliterated as Ariela, Ariella, or the American modernized Arielle). In modern Hebrew, Ariel is primarily used as a male name. However, in recent years in English-speaking countries, it has been more commonly used as a female name. An alternative English and French spelling is Arielle. It also appears as a surname. Common short forms of Ariel are Ari and Arik for", "title": "Ariel (name)" }, { "id": "7210247", "text": "Fatimah bint Musa Fātimah bint Mūsā al-Kādhim (), commonly known as Fātimah al-Ma‘sūmah () or Fatemeh Ma'sumeh (, \"Fatimah the Innocent\"), Masuma-e-Qum (), and Hadrat Masumah (1st Dhul Qi‘dah 173 AH – 10th or 12th of Rabī’ al-Thānī 201 AH; approximately March 22, 790 CE – November 7 or 9, 816 CE), was the daughter of the seventh Twelver Shī‘ah Imām, Mūsā' al-Kādhim and sister of the eighth Twelver Shī‘ah Imām, ‘Ali ar-Ridhā. Every year, thousands of Shi'i Muslims travel to Qom to honor Fatima Masumeh at her shrine. Despite having been infallible, Fatima Masumeh is not considered one of", "title": "Fatimah bint Musa" }, { "id": "14341507", "text": "Bhuu Bhuu and its many related words and expressions are linked to the root earth in Sanskrit. Vedic mythology and Vedic astronomy describes Bhu-mandala, Bhuloka to be divided into 7 islands (planets in outer space). It is said that Maharaja Priyavrata drove his celestial chariot behind the sun, the rims of his chariot wheels created impressions that later became seven oceans, dividing the planetary system known as Bhu-mandala into seven islands. So, he created seven different types of oceans and planetary systems, which altogether are known as Bhu-mandala, or Bhuloka. Each island is surrounded by a liquid substance, beyond which", "title": "Bhuu" }, { "id": "4369595", "text": "At-Tur Sūrat aṭ-Ṭūr (, \"The Mount\") is the 52nd sura of the Qur'an with 49 ayat. The surah that opens with the oath of the Divine One swearing by the Mount of Sinai, where the Torah was revealed to Moses. It takes its name from \"the mount\" (\"ṭūr\") mentioned in Ayah#1. The surah which addresses many of the arguments put to the Prophet by the disbelievers of Mecca (ayah#29 ff.). The bliss that will be enjoyed by the believers is contrasted to the torments of Hell, and the Prophet is urged to bide his time, to continue to deliver his", "title": "At-Tur" }, { "id": "4833680", "text": "in Babylon\" in the collection \"The Garden of Forking Paths\" (1941) of his book \"Fictions\" (1944). Toprobana is the fictional location of the sky elevator in Arthur C. Clarke's science fiction novel \"The Fountains of Paradise\" (1979). British rock band My Vitriol's 2001 debut album \"Finelines\" features a track called Taprobane, courtesy of the band's lead singer Som Wardner who is of Sri Lankan origin. Taprobana Taprobana () or Taprobane () was the name by which the Indian Ocean island of Sri Lanka was known to the ancient Greeks. Reports of the island's existence were known before the time of", "title": "Taprobana" }, { "id": "4372358", "text": "Al-Burooj Sūrat al-Burūj (, \"The Great Star\") is the eighty-fifth chapter (sura) of the Quran with 22 verses. The word \"Al-Burooj\" in the first verse is translated to stars, mainly 'great stars'. The surah opens with an oath by a heaven full of stars: by the sky containing great stars. The Arabic word Al-Burooj is interpreted in several ways. The word Al-Burooj is the plural of Burj which means fort or tower; something that can be seen from a distance. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhaj, Al-Hasan, Qatadah and As-Suddi said Burj means stars. Ibn Jareer chose the view that it means", "title": "Al-Burooj" }, { "id": "8137094", "text": "Amr (name) Amr () is an Arabic male name. It is most commonly written as \"Amr\", but sometimes mistakenly written as \"Omar\". The word is derived from the tri-literal Arabic root () meaning \"to live a long time.\" When the Arabic letter wāw is added to the end of the Arabic name Omar, the name changes to \"Amr\". Although very close in writing in Arabic, they are two different names, though sometimes the one is transliterated as the other, so 'Amr ibn al-'As is sometimes transliterated as \"Omar ibn al-Aas\". In the same way, it is possible to find Omar", "title": "Amr (name)" }, { "id": "3431353", "text": "spurious, probably arising from the misidentification of faint stars in the vicinity of Uranus as satellites, and the credit for the discovery of Ariel and Umbriel was given to Lassell. Although the first two Uranian moons were discovered in 1787, they were not named until 1852, a year after two more moons had been discovered. The responsibility for naming was taken by John Herschel, son of the discoverer of Uranus. Herschel, instead of assigning names from Greek mythology, named the moons after magical spirits in English literature: the fairies Oberon and Titania from William Shakespeare's \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\", and", "title": "Moons of Uranus" }, { "id": "20601898", "text": "and killed his wife. After this tragic accident heart broken Rohan went to America. Sad and Heartbroken Roomi spent most of her time in playground where she initially practiced and one day during visit she found that newborn abandoned child left by Zeenat in a park and for her family's surprise she wants to keep her and raise her as one of their own. She named her Haniya. Roomi faced serious allegations and accusations for keeping this child from her bhabhi and in-laws but it will not change her decision until her fiancé Kamil drop the engagement. After this incident,", "title": "Umm-e-Haniya" }, { "id": "5072982", "text": "several similar names, including Orea and Horaia, meaning \"beautiful\". The name is thought to derive from a translation of Naamah, a Hebrew name which means \"pleasant\". The demon Naamah is called \"the younger Lilith\". Both Norea and Lilith call upon God to avoid an unwanted sexual encounter. Norea Norea is a figure in Gnostic cosmology. Sometimes she is said to be the syzygy of Adam, or wife of Noah, and daughter of Eve. Norea is perceived within gnostic thought as Sophia after her fall from grace. For a long time, Norea was known from a summary of a book called", "title": "Norea" }, { "id": "972392", "text": "because particular deities have varying names. The following are names and meanings according to the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad and according to the Mahabharata as normally equated: Though the \"Shatapatha Brahmana\" uses the \"Brhad-Aranyaka\" names, most later texts follow the \"Mahabharata\" names with the exception that Āpa 'water' usually appears in place of Aha. The \"Vishnu Purana\" equates Prabhāsa with the lights of the 27 or 28 Nakshetra (Constellations/Lunar Mansions) and Dhruva with Akash Tatwa, that is \"space\", Dhruva seemingly taking over Aha's role when Aha is replaced by Āpa. In the \"Ramayana\" the Vasu is child of the soorpanaka and he", "title": "Vasu" }, { "id": "747320", "text": "named Fui or Qalmë-Tári and was married to Vefántur (Mandos), to whom she was not related in that context. She did not bring about the healing of the Two Trees and turned away Túrin and Nienor from her halls of Fui (named after herself). Nienna Nienna is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. She is introduced in \"The Silmarillion\" as one of the Ainur (angelic beings), one of the Queens of the Valar and one of the \"Aratar\". She was the sister of Mandos and Irmo. Her name meant \"She who weeps\". She lived in the far", "title": "Nienna" }, { "id": "840329", "text": "the Acheron. Roman poets, including Propertius, Ovid, and Statius, name the river as the Styx, perhaps following the geography of Virgil's underworld in the \"Aeneid,\" where Charon is associated with both rivers. Charon, the largest moon of the dwarf planet Pluto, is named after him. The hadrosaurid \"Charonosaurus\" is named in Charon's honor because it was found along the banks of the Amur River in the Far East. \"Haros\" is the modern Greek equivalent of Charon, and usage includes the curse \"you will be eaten (i.e., taken) by Haros\", or \"I was in the teeth of Haros\" (i.e., \"I was", "title": "Charon" }, { "id": "553076", "text": "with stress on the first syllable as in Latin \"Ūranus,\" in contrast to , with stress on the second syllable and a long \"a\", though both are considered acceptable. Consensus on the name was not reached until almost 70 years after the planet's discovery. During the original discussions following discovery, Maskelyne asked Herschel to \"do the astronomical world the faver to give a name to your planet, which is entirely your own, [and] which we are so much obliged to you for the discovery of\". In response to Maskelyne's request, Herschel decided to name the object \"Georgium Sidus\" (George's Star),", "title": "Uranus" }, { "id": "9808677", "text": "the Russian police force. It was given to him by his father. Ra is an allusion to the Egyptian Sun god, whose body is human and whose head is that of a falcon. Omon bestowed this surname upon himself, inspired by the fact that the word falcon was sometimes applied to cosmonauts and heroes. Ra is connected with the Egyptian myth of the sun orbiting the earth, which connects to Omon's obsession with spaceflight. Later, Ra becomes his call sign for the lunar mission. Together these names relate to Omon's dream of flight and the absurd military system he must", "title": "Omon Ra" }, { "id": "9447677", "text": "Agrat bat Mahlat Agrat bat Mahlat (אגרת בת מחלת) is a demon in Jewish mythology. Mahlat and Agrat are proper names and bat means \"daughter of\" (Hebrew). Therefore, Agrat bat Mahlat means \"Agrat, daughter of Mahlat.\" In Zoharistic Kabbalah, she is a queen of the demons and one of four angels of sacred prostitution, who mates with archangel Samael. Her fellow succubi are Lilith, Naamah, and Eisheth. In the Rabbinic literature of Yalḳuṭ Ḥadash, on the eves of Wednesday and Saturday, she is \"the dancing roof-demon\" who haunts the air with her chariot and her train of eighteen messengers/Angels of", "title": "Agrat bat Mahlat" }, { "id": "18690435", "text": "major figure of cult, appearing in sacrifice groups connected with fertility and child care. Kourotrophos Kourotrophos (, \"child nurturer\") is the name that was given in ancient Greece to gods and goddesses whose properties included their ability to protect young people. Such gods called by this adjective included Athena, Apollo, Hermes, Hecate, Aphrodite, Artemis, etc., and were usually depicted holding a baby in their arms. Also, Kourotrophos was a secondary deity of the city of Athens, who was not among the twelve known gods of Olympus. She appeared as the protector of children and young people and a sanctuary built", "title": "Kourotrophos" }, { "id": "16555686", "text": "or \"(translit.) ’A‘aẓam Panāh\" (أَعْظَم پَنَاه) meaning from the Arabic-Persian: \"\"The Great or Most Mighty of Refuge/ Protection\"\" (literary honorific: \"\"The Great or Most Mighty of the Universe\"\") This title means giver of peace (\"Persian\"\": Panāh\" - پَنَاه) also \"refuge/ protector\", or the giver of refuge to the world (\"Persian, formerly Arabic: Alam\"/ \"pure Persian: Jahan\"/ \"Persian\"\", formerly Arabic: Azam\"). \"Al-Sultan-Al-Azam/ As-Sultwaanu-’l-’A‘azwam\" or \"(translit.) As-Sulṭānu \"’l-’A‘aẓam (السُّلْطَانُ ٱلْأَعْظَمُ) is a Persianized Arabic imperial title meaning from the Arabic: \"\"The Great or Most Mighty of Authority/ Sovereign/ Dominion\"\". \"\"Al\" - أَل\" is an Arabic definite article meaning 'the', while \"Sultan\" (سُلْطَان)", "title": "Imperial and royal titles of the Mughal emperors" }, { "id": "11096541", "text": "or “companion of Ashi”. When referring to a king, Persians would write the epithet “adh,” which in the sense of eternity meant “father of eternity”. People today also use epithets without knowing. The phrases: rosy-fingered dawn, undying fame, everlasting glory, wine-red sea, heartfelt thanks, Miss Know-It-All, blood red sky, stone-cold heart, and names such as Richard the Lionheart, Alexander the Great, Catherine the Great, and Ivan the Terrible are only several examples of the many epithets used. The first four of these are taken directly from Homeric epic. In Greek, the Homeric epithets are most commonly recognized. The article “L’Épithète", "title": "Makurakotoba" }, { "id": "15921953", "text": "Arlandria (song) \"Arlandria\" is a song by American rock band Foo Fighters, released from their seventh studio album \"Wasting Light\" on September 18, 2011 as the third single in the United Kingdom. The title is a reference to Arlandria, the Alexandria, Virginia, neighborhood where Dave Grohl lived. The lyrics include a reference to \"Rain Rain Go Away,\" which Dave Grohl justified by saying \"there's something about the singsong cadence of children's music that has its place in rock.\" Arlandria is also referenced in the song \"Headwires\" off their 1999 album \"There is Nothing Left to Lose\". At the end of", "title": "Arlandria (song)" }, { "id": "14393409", "text": "translated into Latin as \"stella Martis\", or \"star of Mars\", or simply \"Mars\". The Hellenistic Greeks also called the planet Πυρόεις \"Pyroeis\", meaning \"fiery\". In the Skanda Purana, a Hindu religious text, Mars is known as the deity Mangala (मंगल) and was born from the sweat of Shiva. The planet is called \"Angaraka\" in Sanskrit, after the celibate god of war who possesses the signs of Aries and Scorpio, and teaches the occult sciences. The planet was known by the ancient Egyptians as \"Horus of the Horizon\", then later Her Deshur (\"\"Ḥr Dšr\"\"), or \"Horus the Red\". The Hebrews named", "title": "Mars in culture" }, { "id": "4140812", "text": "\"aigana-\", PIE \"aik-\"). The second part of the word \"Ishvara\" is \"vara\" which means depending on context, \"best, excellent, beautiful\", \"choice, wish, blessing, boon, gift\", and \"suitor, lover, one who solicits a girl in marriage\". The composite word, \"Ishvara\" literally means \"owner of best, beautiful\", \"ruler of choices, blessings, boons\", or \"chief of suitor, lover\". As a concept, \"Ishvara\" in ancient and medieval Sanskrit texts, variously means God, Supreme Being, Supreme Soul, lord, king or ruler, rich or wealthy man, god of love, deity Shiva, one of the Rudras, prince, husband and the number eleven. The word \"Īśvara\" never appears", "title": "Ishvara" }, { "id": "4494922", "text": "birth of Rama and was married to Shanta, the elder sister of Rama. She became the wife of king \"Pururavas\" (', from '+\"\" \"crying much or loudly\"), an ancient chief of the lunar race. ShBr 11.5.1, and treated in Kalidasa's drama \"Vikramōrvaśīyam\". She is perennially youthful and infinitely charming but always elusive. She is a source as much of delight as of dolour. There are many legends about the birth of Urvashi but the following one is most prevalent. Once the revered sages Nara-narayana were meditating in the holy shrine of Badrinath Temple situated in the Himalayas. Indra, the king", "title": "Urvashi" }, { "id": "1370235", "text": "who rules the heavens and is associated with the sun. Without the sun, no life could exist, just as life cannot exist without some degree of \"ashe\". \"Ashe\" is sometimes associated with Eshu, the messenger òrìṣà. For practitioners, \"ashe\" represents a link to the eternal presence of the supreme deity, the Orishas, and the ancestors. The concept is regularly referenced in Brazilian capoeira. \"Axé\" in this context is used as a greeting or farewell, in songs and as a form of praise. Saying that someone 'has axé' in capoeira is complimenting their energy, fighting spirit, and attitude. The òrìṣà are", "title": "Orisha" }, { "id": "12116827", "text": "Barrera Barrera is a Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and surname, meaning \"barrier\". Noble surnames, such as Barrera, evoke images of the ancient homeland of the Spanish people. The original bearer of the name Barrera, which is a local Spanish surname, once, lived, held land, or was born in Spain. Local names originally denoted the proprietorship of the village or estate. The surname Barrera originally derived from the Spanish word \"Barrera\", which referred to a barrier and denoted that the family originally lived beside a gate of fence. The name has many variant spellings of the name which include: Barrios, de Barrios,", "title": "Barrera" }, { "id": "10641531", "text": "been honored with the title of Umm-ul-Aaima (Mother of Imams). Moreover, there are plenty of Shia narrations which have been stated from their Imams about the names and titles of Fatima. For instance, Imam al-Sadiq says: Fatima (as) has nine names from God: 1-\"Fāṭima\" (a woman who throws herself and her followers out of the hell), 2-\"al-Ṣiddīqah\" (a woman who has never lied), 3-\"al-Mubārakah\" (a woman who is full of blessings), 4-\"al-Ṭāhirah\" (a woman who is pure, sinless and infallible), 5-\"al-Zakiyyah\" (a woman who is away from any contamination), 6-\"al-Raḍiyyah\" (a woman who suffers hardship and difficulty and is happy", "title": "Fatimah" }, { "id": "971288", "text": "the recreative energy and power of Shiva, and she is the cause of a bond that connects all beings and a means of their spiritual release. In Hindu temples dedicated to her and Shiva, she is symbolically represented as the \"argha\". She is found extensively in ancient Indian literature, and her statues and iconography grace Hindu temples all over South Asia and Southeast Asia. \"Parvata\" () is one of the Sanskrit words for \"mountain\"; \"Parvati\" derives her name from being the daughter of king Himavan (also called Himavat, \"Parvat\") and mother \"Mena\". King Parvat is considered lord of the mountains", "title": "Parvati" }, { "id": "770873", "text": "Waters\" by Madeleine L'Engle, Oholibamah was the daughter of a nephil (fallen angel). She married into the family of Noah. In \"The Red Tent\", Oholibamah is mentioned as having died in childbirth, leaving only Adath and Basemath, both bitter rivals for Esau's affections. Aholibamah Aholibamah (Hebrew אָהֳלִיבָמָה, Standard Hebrew Ahalivama, Tiberian Hebrew ʼĀhālîḇāmā; \"My tabernacle of/is height/exaltation\" or \"Tent of the High Place\"), is an eight time referenced matriarch in the biblical record. Aholibamah was the daughter of Anah of Zibeon the Hivite. Her maternal grandfather was Zibeon the Hivite son of Seir the Horite. She was one of two", "title": "Aholibamah" }, { "id": "4514528", "text": "side stand figures of Atlas and Hercules. Inscriptions in the pedestals read, \"\"Atlanti uetustiss astronom magistro\"\" (\"Atlas the earliest teacher of astronomy\") and \"\"Herculi uetustiss astronom discipulo\"\" (\"Hercules the earliest student of astronomy\"). Across the top of the title page are engraved several additional figures. In the upper left is Apollo, personifying the sun. Top center is the Earth goddess Cybele with a crown of stars and two lions on leashes. Upper right is Diana, personifying the moon, with a cape of stars. Beneath the title banner is a figure of Capricorn and beneath that a view of Augsburg. Uranometria", "title": "Uranometria" }, { "id": "3031066", "text": "Aram-Naharaim Aram-Naharaim ( \"’Aram Naharayim\"; Aramaic: ארם נהריים) is the biblical term for a region in Upper Mesopotamia along elbow of the Euphrates River. It is mentioned five times in the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament. In Genesis, it is used somewhat interchangeably with the names \"Paddan Aram\" and \"Haran\" to denote the place where Abraham stayed briefly with his father Terah's family after leaving Ur of the Chaldees, while \"en route\" to Canaan (Gen. 11:31), and the place from which later patriarchs obtained wives, rather than marry daughters of Canaan. Both Josephus and the Septuagint translate the name as", "title": "Aram-Naharaim" }, { "id": "2606048", "text": "Sahabah The term ( meaning \"the companions\", from the verb meaning \"accompany\", \"keep company with\", \"associate with\") refers to the companions, disciples, scribes and family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. This form is definite plural; the indefinite singular is masculine sahabi ('), feminine sahabia ('). Later scholars accepted their testimony of the words and deeds of Muhammad, the occasions on which the Quran was revealed and various important matters of Islamic history and practice. The testimony of the companions, as it was passed down through trusted chains of narrators (\"isnads\"), was the basis of the developing Islamic tradition. From the", "title": "Sahabah" }, { "id": "2345412", "text": "Zorya In Slavic mythology, Zorya (alternately, Zora, Zaria, Zarya, Zory, Zore, \"Dawn\"; Zorza in Polish, Zara-Zaranica (), Zvezda, Zwezda, Danica, \"Star\") are the two guardian goddesses, known as the Auroras. They guard and watch over the winged doomsday hound, Simargl, who is chained to the star Polaris in the constellation Ursa Minor, the \"little bear\". If the chain ever breaks, the hound will devour the constellation and the universe will end. The Zoryas represent the Morning Star and the Evening Star. The Zoryas serve the sun god Dažbog, who in some myths is described as their father. Zorya Utrennyaya, the", "title": "Zorya" }, { "id": "867348", "text": "killed eighteen suitors of his daughter Hippodamia after defeating them in a chariot race. He affixed their heads to the wooden columns of his palace. Pausanias was shown what was purportedly the last standing column in the late second century CE; he mentions that Pelops erected a monument in honor of all the suitors who preceded him, and lists their names: Pelops son of King Tantalus of Lydia, came to ask for her hand and prepared to race Oenomaus. Worried about losing, Pelops went to the seaside and invoked Poseidon, his former lover. Reminding Poseidon of their love (\"Aphrodite's sweet", "title": "Oenomaus" }, { "id": "11253130", "text": "finest waterfalls in the mountains of the Middle East, which feeds into the Adonis River (known today as Abraham River or Nahr Ibrahim in Arabic), and forms Lake Yammoune, with which it is also associated by legend. In Greek mythology Adonis was born and died at the foot of the falls in Afqa. The ruins of the celebrated temple of Aphrodite Aphakitis— the Aphrodite particular to this site— are located there. Sir Richard Francis Burton and Sir James Frazer further attribute the temple at Afqa to the honouring of Astarte or Ishtar (Ashtaroth). Afqa is aligned centrally between Baalbek and", "title": "Afqa" } ]	what is the meaning of the name apoorva
[ "Ranjit Singh" ]	[ { "id": "5860215", "text": "Sikh Empire The Sikh Empire (also Sikh Khalsa Raj, Sarkar-i-Khalsa or Panjab (Punjab) Empire) was a major power in the Indian subcontinent, formed under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who established a secular empire based in the Punjab. The empire existed from 1799, when Ranjit Singh captured Lahore, to 1849 and was forged on the foundations of the Khalsa from a collection of autonomous Sikh misls. At its peak in the 19th century, the Empire extended from the Khyber Pass in the west to western Tibet in the east, and from Mithankot in the south to Kashmir in the", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "5860234", "text": "the \"azan\", or 'summons to prayer'.\" Sikh Empire The Sikh Empire (also Sikh Khalsa Raj, Sarkar-i-Khalsa or Panjab (Punjab) Empire) was a major power in the Indian subcontinent, formed under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who established a secular empire based in the Punjab. The empire existed from 1799, when Ranjit Singh captured Lahore, to 1849 and was forged on the foundations of the Khalsa from a collection of autonomous Sikh misls. At its peak in the 19th century, the Empire extended from the Khyber Pass in the west to western Tibet in the east, and from Mithankot in", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "2782684", "text": "Ranjit Singh Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780 –1839) was the leader of the Sikh Empire, which ruled the northwest Indian subcontinent in the early half of the 19th century. He survived smallpox in infancy but lost sight in his left eye. He fought his first battle alongside his father at age 10. After his father died, he fought several wars to expel the Afghans in his teenage years and was proclaimed as the \"Maharaja of Punjab\" at age 21. His empire grew in the Punjab region under his leadership through 1839. Prior to his rise, the Punjab region had numerous warring", "title": "Ranjit Singh" }, { "id": "7813331", "text": "April 1801 (to coincide with Baisakhi). Sahib Singh Bedi, a descendant of Guru Nanak Dev, conducted the coronation. Gujranwala served as his capital from 1799. In 1802 he shifted his capital to Lahore and Amritsar. Ranjit Singh rose to power in a very short period, from a leader of a single Sikh misl to finally becoming the Maharaja (Emperor) of Punjab. The Sikh Empire (from 1801–1849) was formed on the foundations of the Punjabi Army by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The Empire extended from Khyber Pass in the west, to Kashmir in the north, to Sindh in the south, and Tibet", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "5860218", "text": "of the Punjab on 12 April 1801 (to coincide with Vaisakhi), creating a unified political state. Sahib Singh Bedi, a descendant of Guru Nanak, conducted the coronation. Ranjit Singh rose to power in a very short period, from a leader of a single misl to finally becoming the Maharaja of Punjab. He began to modernise his army, using the latest training as well as weapons and artillery. After the death of Ranjit Singh, the empire was weakened by internal divisions and political mismanagement. Finally, by 1849 the state was dissolved after the defeat in the Anglo-Sikh wars. The Sikh Empire", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "183695", "text": "1770s, and ceased to exist by 1818. The Sikh Empire, ruled by members of the Sikh religion, was a political entity that governed the Northwestern regions of the Indian subcontinent. The empire, based around the Punjab region, existed from 1799 to 1849. It was forged, on the foundations of the Khalsa, under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839) from an array of autonomous Punjabi Misls. Maharaja Ranjit Singh consolidated many parts of northern India into an empire. He primarily used his Sikh Khalsa Army that he trained in European military techniques and equipped with modern military technologies. Ranjit Singh", "title": "History of India" }, { "id": "7774671", "text": "head of the royal family, the heir of Yadavindra Singh, is Captain Amarinder Singh, currently Chief Minister of Punjab and a politician of the Indian National Congress. His son is Raninder Singh. Maharaja of Patiala The Maharaja of Patiala was a maharaja in India and the ruler of the princely state of Patiala, a Sidhu Jat state. The first Maharaja of Patiala was Baba Ala Singh Sidhu (1695–1765), who was granted the title by Ahmed Shah Abdali of Afghanistan in 1764. Following is the list of Maharajas of Patiala in order of their accession to the throne: The most famous", "title": "Maharaja of Patiala" }, { "id": "5860227", "text": "executed after refusing to convert to Islam. The formal start of the Sikh Empire began with the merger of these \"Misls\" by the time of coronation of Ranjit Singh in 1801, creating a unified political state. All the Misl leaders, who were affiliated with the army, were the nobility with usually long and prestigious family backgrounds in Sikh history. The main geographical footprint of the empire was from the Punjab region to Khyber Pass in the west, to Kashmir in the north, Sindh in the south, and Tibet in the east. The religious demography of the Sikh Empire was Muslim", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "5860219", "text": "was divided into four provinces: Lahore, in Punjab, which became the Sikh capital, Multan, also in Punjab, Peshawar and Kashmir from 1799 to 1849. The Sikh religion began around the time of the conquest of Northern India by Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire. His conquering grandson, Akbar the Great, supported religious freedom and after visiting the langar of Guru Amar Das got a favourable impression of Sikhism. As a result of his visit he donated land to the langar and the Mughals did not have any conflict with Sikh gurus until his death in 1605. His successor Jahangir,", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "13515428", "text": "was captured by Chandragupta Maurya. The Punjab was home to the Gupta Empire, the empire of the Alchon Huns, the empire of Harsha, and the Mongol Empire. Circa 1000, the Punjab was invaded by Muslims and was part of the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire. Sikhism originated in Punjab and resulted in the formation of the Sikh Confederacy after the fall of the Mughal Empire. The confederacy was united into the Sikh Empire by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The entire Punjab region was annexed by the British East India Company from the Sikh Empire in 1849. In 1947, the Punjab Province", "title": "Punjab, India" }, { "id": "1519876", "text": "respect and dignity by the British. The city of Patiala was designed and developed according to a plan akin to that of temple architecture, the first settlers of Patiala were the Hindus of Sirhind, who opened their business establishments outside the Darshani Gate. The royal house is now headed by Captain Amarinder Singh who is also the current Chief Minister of Punjab. The royals are considered cultural and political icons in east Punjab. Maharaja Karam Singh who ruled from 1813 to 1845 (the Sikh Kingdom of Patiala in Punjab) joined the British East India Company and helped the British during", "title": "Patiala" }, { "id": "333696", "text": "Sindh and Punjab regions for the Islamic Umayyad Caliphate, making him the first to bring Islam to the region. During the establishment and consolidation of the Muslim Turkic Mughal Empire prosperity, growth, and relative peace were established, particularly under the reign of Jahangir. Muslim empires ruled the Punjab for approximately 1,000 years. The period was also notable for the emergence of Guru Nanak (1469–1539), the founder of Sikhism. In 1758, Punjab came under the rule of Marathas, who captured the region by defeating the Afghan forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali. Abdali's Indian invasion weakened the Maratha influence, but he could", "title": "Punjab" }, { "id": "15256980", "text": "British Raj. The rulers of Patiala such as Maharaja Karam Singh, Narinder Singh, Mahendra Singh, Rajinder Singh, Bhupinder Singh and Yadvindra Singh were treated with respect and dignity by the British. The city of Patiala was designed and developed according to a plan akin to that of temple architecture, the first settlers of Patiala were the Hindus of Sirhind, who opened their business establishments outside the Darshani Gate. The royal house is now headed by Captain Amarinder Singh who is also the current Chief Minister of Punjab. The royals are considered cultural and political icons in east Punjab. Maharaja Karam", "title": "Patiala State" }, { "id": "13515444", "text": "to the Marathas until the Second Anglo-Maratha War of 1803–1805, after which the Marathas lost this territory to the British. The Cis-Sutlej states included Kaithal, Patiala, Jind, Thanesar, Maler Kotla, and Faridkot. The Sikh Empire (1801–1849) was forged by Maharajah Ranjit Singh on the foundations of the Khalsa from a collection of autonomous Sikh misls, creating a unified political state. The empire extended from the Khyber Pass in the west, to Kashmir in the north, to Sindh in the south, and Tibet in the east. The main geographical footprint of the empire was the Punjab region. The religious demography of", "title": "Punjab, India" }, { "id": "5860226", "text": "supporters of Guru Gobind Singh. He executed Wazir Khan in revenge for the deaths of Guru Gobind Singh's sons and Pir Budhu Shah after the Sikh victory at Sirhind. He ruled the territory between the Sutlej river and the Yamuna river, established a capital in the Himalayas at Lohgarh and struck coinage in the names of Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh. In 1716, his army was defeated by the Mughals after he attempted to defend his fort at Gurdas Nangal. He was captured along with 700 of his men and sent to Delhi, where they were all tortured and", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "15256990", "text": "administrative building by one of the caretaker rulers, before Maharaja Bhupinder Singh had reached the age of majority. Rajmata Mohinder Kaur was the oldest member of the family till 2017, and the present head is Amarinder Singh, current chief minister of Punjab. The rulers of Patiala bore the title 'Maharaja-e Rajgan' from 1810 onward. Patiala State Patiala State was a self-governing princely state of British Empire in India. Patiala was one of the Phulkian States.This state was Sidhu Jat State. When the British left India in 1947, they abandoned their subsidiary alliances with the princely states, and the Maharajah of", "title": "Patiala State" }, { "id": "3441839", "text": "Duleep Singh His Highness Maharaja Sir Duleep Singh, (6 September 1838 – 22 October 1893), also known as Sir Dalip Singh and later in life nicknamed the Black Prince of Perthshire, was the last \"Maharaja\" of the Sikh Empire. He was Maharaja Ranjit Singh's youngest son, the only child of Maharani Jind Kaur.He was born into a Sandhanwalia family. After the assassinations of four of his predecessors, he came to power in September 1843, at the age of five. He was later kidnapped by the British Crown, later exiled to Britain at age 15 where he was befriended and much", "title": "Duleep Singh" }, { "id": "334071", "text": "took control of Punjab and managed to establish the Sikh Empire under the Jat ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh, which lasted from 1799 to 1849. The capital of Ranjit Singh's empire was Lahore, and the empire also extended into Afghanistan and Kashmir. Bhangi Misl was the first Sikh band to conquer Lahore and other towns of Punjab. Syed Ahmad Barelvi a Muslim, waged jihad and attempted to create an Islamic state with strict enforcement of Islamic law. Syed Ahmad Barelvi in 1821 with many supporters and spent two years organising popular and material support for his Punjab campaign. He carefully developed", "title": "Punjab, Pakistan" }, { "id": "14480325", "text": "Kharak Singh Maharaja Kharak Singh (22 February 1801 – 5 November 1840), was a Sikh ruler of the Punjab and the Sikh Empire. He succeeded his father Ranjit Singh in June 1839. He was born in Lahore in 1801, the first legitimate son of Ranjit Singh and his second wife Datar Kaur. In 1812, at the age of 11 he was married to Chand Kaur, daughter of Sardar Jaimal Singh, chief of the Kanhaiya Misl. Their son Nau Nihal Singh was born in 1821. In 1816 he married again when he was still a prince, to Bibi Khem Kaur Dhillon,", "title": "Kharak Singh" }, { "id": "314109", "text": "and viceroy of Ahmad Shah Abdali. In 1759, the Marathas and its allies decisively won the Battle of Lahore, defeating the Durranis. Lahore, Dera Ghazi Khan, Multan, Peshawar, Kashmir, and other subahs on the south eastern side of Afghanistan's border fell under the Maratha rule. The Sikh Empire (1799–1849) was formed on the foundations of the Punjabi Army by Maharaja Ranjit Singh who was proclaimed \"\"Sarkar-i-Khalsa\"\", and was referred to as the \"Maharaja of Lahore\". It consisted of a collection of autonomous Punjabi Misls, which were governed by Misldars, mainly in the Punjab region. The empire extended from the Khyber", "title": "History of Pakistan" }, { "id": "14941063", "text": "Sikh conflicts emerged a victorious Sikh by the name of Ranjit Singh who was able to unify the Sikh factions and capture Lahore where he was crowned Emperor. Ranjit Singh made Lahore his capital (shifting from the former capital, Gujranwala) in 1799 and was able to expand the kingdom to the Khyber Pass and also included Jammu and Kashmir, while keeping the British from expanding across the River Sutlej for more than 40 years. He rose to power in a very short period, from a leader of a single Sikh misl to finally becoming the Maharaja (Emperor) of Punjab. For", "title": "Sikh period in Lahore" }, { "id": "5100644", "text": "Singh was a Sikh ruler of the sovereign country of Punjab and the Sikh Empire. His father Maha Singh led Sukerchakia, a misl within the Sikh Confederacy. Born in 1780 in Gujranwala, Ranjit Singh succeeded his father at the age of 12. He united the Sikh factions into the Sikh Empire and took the title \"Maharaja\" on 13 April 1801, to coincide with Baisakhi. Lahore was his capital from 1799. In 1802 he conquered Amritsar, a holy city of the Sikh religion. In 1822 Ranjit Singh hired European mercenaries for the first time to train a part of his troops.", "title": "Military history of India" }, { "id": "2816637", "text": "Mughal rule was reduced to only a small area around Delhi, which passed under Maratha (1785) and the British (1803) control. The last Mughal, Bahādur Shah II (reigned 1837–57), was exiled to Burma by the British. The Sikh religion began around the time of the conquest of Northern India by Babur Shah, the founder of the Mughal Empire. The later Muslim Emperor Jahangir, however, saw the Sikhs as a political threat. He ordered Guru Arjun Dev to be put to death after he had refused to change the passage about Islam in the Adi Granth. When the Guru refused, Jahangir", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "15256984", "text": "Phul. It was one of the first Sikh Kingdoms of Punjab to be formed. Apparently the appellation of dynasty \"Phulkian\" is derived from their common founder. One of his sons, Chota Ram, was baptised and blessed by Guru Gobind Singh. His son Ala Singh assumed the leadership in 1714 when Banda Bahadur was engaged in the fierce battle against the Mughals. A man with vision and courage, Ala Singh's general, Gurbaksh Singh Kaleka, carved out an independent principality from a Zamindari of 30 villages. Under his successors, it expanded into a large state, touching the Shivaliks in north, Rajasthan in", "title": "Patiala State" }, { "id": "333697", "text": "not defeat the Sikhs. After the death of Ahmad Shah, the Punjab was freed from the Afghan yoke by Sikhs between 1773 and 1818. At the time of the formation of the Dal Khalsa in 1748 at Amritsar, the Punjab had been divided into 36 areas and 12 separate Sikh principalities, called misl. From this point onward, the beginnings of a Punjabi Sikh Empire emerged. Out of the 36 areas, 22 were united by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The other 14 accepted British sovereignty. After Ranjit Singh's death, assassinations and internal divisions severely weakened the empire. Six years later the British", "title": "Punjab" }, { "id": "2816640", "text": "Bahadur (also known as \"Lachman Das\", \"Lachman Dev\" and \"Madho Das\"), (1670–1716) met Guru Gobind Singh at Nanded and adopted the Sikh religion. A short time before his death, Guru Gobind Singh ordered him to conquer Punjab and gave him a letter that commanded all Sikhs to join him. After two years of gaining supporters, Banda Singh Bahadur initiated an agrarian uprising by breaking up the large estates of Zamindar families and distributing the land to the peasants. During the rebellion, Banda Singh Bahadur made it a point to destroy the cities in which the Muslims had been cruel to", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "7262207", "text": "Sikhism in Pakistan Sikhism in the area of present-day Pakistan has an extensive heritage and history, although Sikhs form a small community in Pakistan today. Most Sikhs live in the province of Punjab, a part of the larger Punjab region where the religion originated in the Middle Ages, and Peshawar in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province. Nankana Sahib, the birthplace of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism, is located in the Punjab province. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the Sikh community became a powerful political force, with Sikh leader Ranjit Singh founding the first Sikh empire, which had its", "title": "Sikhism in Pakistan" }, { "id": "13515445", "text": "the Sikh Empire was Sikh (78%), Hindu (12%), Muslim (10%). After his proclamation in 1801 as Maharajah, Ranjit Singh began the modernisation of the Punjab Army. All the Misl leaders who were affiliated with the Army had been nobility, usually with long and prestigious family histories in Punjab. Ranjit Singh introduced several new commanders, some of them European, and a further 52,000 well-trained and equipped professional-grade irregulars with a significant multi-religious component. In addition, the army was equipped with field artillery, turning it into a premier fighting force. After Ranjit Singh's death in 1839, the empire was severely weakened by", "title": "Punjab, India" }, { "id": "5860217", "text": "to a growth of the army which split into different confederacies or semi-independent \"misls\". Each of these component armies controlled different areas and cities. However, in the period from 1762 to 1799, Sikh commanders of the misls appeared to be coming into their own as independent warlords. The formation of the empire began with the capture of Lahore, by Ranjit Singh, from its Afghan ruler, Zaman Shah Durrani, and the subsequent and progressive expulsion of Afghans from the Punjab, by defeating them in the Afghan-Sikh Wars, and the unification of the separate Sikh misls. Ranjit Singh was proclaimed as Maharaja", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "5860225", "text": "Gobind Singh ordered him to reconquer Punjab region and gave him a letter that commanded all Sikhs to join him. After two years of gaining supporters, Banda Singh Bahadur initiated an agrarian uprising by breaking up the large estates of Zamindar families and distributing the land to the poor peasants who farmed the land. Banda Singh Bahadur started his rebellion with the defeat of Mughal armies at Samana and Sadhaura and the rebellion culminated in the defeat of Sirhind. During the rebellion, Banda Singh Bahadur made a point of destroying the cities in which Mughals had been cruel to the", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "16338840", "text": "\"status quo ante bellum\". From the early 18th century, the Manchu-led Qing dynasty had consolidated its control of Tibet after defeating the Dzungar Khanate. From then until late into the 19th century, the Qing rule of the region remained unchallenged. South of the Himalayas, Ranjit Singh established his empire in the Punjab region in 1799. In 1808, Ranjit Singh conquered Jammu, which was under control of the Hindu Rajput Dogra dynasty from Dougar Desh in Jammu and incorporated them into his empire as vassals. Historians continue to debate the reasons for the invasion; some say control of Tibet would have", "title": "Sino-Sikh War" }, { "id": "2816641", "text": "the supporters of Guru Gobind Singh. He executed Wazir Khan in revenge for the deaths of Guru Gobind Singh's sons after the Sikh victory at Sirhind. He ruled the territory between the Sutlej river and the Yamuna river, established a capital in the Himalayas at Lohgarh and struck coinage in the names of Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh. In 1716, he was defeated by the Mughals at his fort at Gurdas Nangal. The captured Sikhs were beheaded, their heads stuffed with hay, mounted on spears and carried on a procession to Delhi en route to the Qutb Minar. Banda", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "8323091", "text": "to Khalsa. Two of the younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh aged 9 and 7 were bricked up alive by the Muslim governor Wazir Khan in Sarhand (Punjab). When Guru Gobind Singh was in South India, he sent Banda Singh Bahadur to chastise the repressive Mughal faiy`dar of Sirhind. Banda Singh captured Sirhind and laid the foundation of Sikh empire. According to a popular myth, the Nawab of Malerkotla Sher Mohammad Khan, protested against the execution of Sahibzadas, after which Guru Gobind Singh blessed the state. This is considered as a reason by many historians due to which Malerkotla was", "title": "Islam and Sikhism" }, { "id": "5860231", "text": "British province of Punjab. Eventually, a Lieutenant Governorship was formed in Lahore as a direct representative of the British Crown. The Punjab was a region straddling India and the Afghan Durrani Empire. The following modern-day political divisions made up the historical Sikh Empire: Jamrud District (Khyber Agency, Pakistan) was the westernmost limit of the Sikh Empire. The westward expansion was stopped in the Battle of Jamrud, in which the Afghans managed to kill the prominent Sikh general Hari Singh Nalwa in an offensive, though the Sikhs successfully held their position at their Jamrud fort. Ranjit Singh sent his General Sirdar", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "7813224", "text": "Guru Nanak passed away. In 1538, Guru Nanak chose Lehna, his disciple, as a successor to the Guruship rather than one of his sons. Bhai Lehna was named Guru Angad and became the successor of Guru Nanak. Bhai Lehna was born in the village of Harike in Ferozepur district in Punjab, on 31 March 1504. He was the son of a small trader named Pheru. His mother's name was Mata Ramo (also known as Mata Sabhirai, Mansa Devi, Daya Kaur). Baba Narayan Das Trehan was his grand father, whose ancestral house was at Matte-di-Sarai near Mukatsar. Under the influence of", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "14941053", "text": "Sikh period in Lahore The Sikh Rule in Lahore initiated from the invasion and rule of the Sikh Misls and extended till the Sikh Empire of Ranjit Singh\" (also known as Punjab, the Sikh Raj, and Sarkar Khālsā Rāj)\" which ended in 1849. The Sikhs began gaining power following the decline of the Mughal Empire in Punjab and consisted of a collection of autonomous Punjabi Misls, which were governed by Misldars, mainly in the Punjab region. Early in Aurangzeb's reign, various insurgent groups of Sikhs engaged Mughal troops in increasingly bloody battles. In 1670, the ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh", "title": "Sikh period in Lahore" }, { "id": "5860216", "text": "north. The religious demography of the Sikh Empire was Muslim (80%), Sikh (10%), Hindu (10%). The population was 3.5 million. It was the last major region of the Indian subcontinent to be annexed by the British. The foundations of the Sikh Empire can be traced to as early as 1707, the year of Aurangzeb's death and the start of the downfall of the Mughal Empire. With the Mughals significantly weakened, the Sikh army, known as the Dal Khalsa, a rearrangement of the Khalsa inaugurated by Guru Gobind Singh, led expeditions against them and the Afghans in the west. This led", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "5991162", "text": "Jind Kaur Maharani Jind Kaur (Punjabi: ਮਹਾਰਾਣੀ ਜਿੰਦ ਕੌਰ; 1817 – 1 August 1863) was regent of the Sikh Empire from 1843 until 1846. She was the youngest wife of the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire, Ranjit Singh, and the mother of the last Maharaja, Duleep Singh. She was renowned for her beauty, energy and strength of purpose and was popularly known as \"Rani Jindan\", but her fame is derived chiefly from the fear she engendered in the British in India, who described her as \"the Messalina of the Punjab\", a seductress too rebellious to be controlled. After the", "title": "Jind Kaur" }, { "id": "7813311", "text": "the women prisoners and escorted them back to their homes. The Sikhs took over Lahore in September of 1761, after Abdali returned to Kabul. The Khalsa minted their coins in the name of Guru Nanak Dev. Sikhs, as rulers of the city, received full cooperation from the people. After becoming the Governor of Lahore, Punjab Jassa Singh Ahluwalia was given the title of Sultan-ul-Kaum (King of the Nation). In the winter of 1762, after losing his loot from Delhi to the Sikhs, The Durrani emperor, Ahmad Shah Abdali brought a big, well equipped army to finish the Sikhs forever. Sikhs", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "7813303", "text": "Sikhs to Amritsar, and Salabat Khan was killed by Ahluwalia, and his nephew was killed by the arrow of Kapur Singh. The Sikhs restored Harmandir Sahib and celebrated their Diwali gathering there. In 1748 all the Misls joined themselves under one command and on the advice of the aging Jathedar Nawab Kapoor Singh Jassa Singh Ahluwalia was made the supreme leader. They also decided to declare that the Punjab belonged to them and they would be the sovereign rulers of their state. The Sikhs also built their first fort, called Ram Rauni, at Amritsar. Adina Beg, the Faujdar (garrison commander)", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "5860224", "text": "the Mughals at the Battle of Muktsar. In 1707, Guru Gobind Singh accepted an invitation by Aurangzeb's successor Bahadur Shah I to meet him. The meeting took place at Agra on 23 July 1707. In August 1708 Guru Gobind Singh visited Nanded, the seat of Mughal Telangana Subah. There he met a Bairāgī recluse, Madho Das, and converted him to Sikhism, giving him a new name, Banda Singh. Banda Singh Bahadur (1670–1716; also known as \"Lachman Das\", \"Lachman Dev\" and \"Madho Das\") met Guru Gobind Singh at Nanded and adopted the Sikh religion. A short time before his death, Guru", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "5860228", "text": "(74%), Sikh (3%), Hindu (23%). The population was 3.5 million, according to Amarinder Singh`s The Last Sunset: The Rise and Fall of the Lahore Durbar. In 1799 Ranjit Singh moved the capital to Lahore from Gujranwala, where it had been established in 1763 by his grandfather, Charat Singh. After Ranjit Singh's death in 1839, the empire was severely weakened by internal divisions and political mismanagement. This opportunity was used by the British East India Company to launch the Anglo-Sikh Wars. The Battle of Ferozeshah in 1845 marked many turning points, the British encountered the Punjab Army, opening with a gun-duel", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "5859965", "text": "to have also had designs on the empire. His palace is leased to Baring Union Christian College. Sher Singh Maharaja Sher Singh (4 December 1807 – 15 September 1843) was a son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. In 1841, he became Maharaja of the Sikh Empire and the Punjab. In 1820, Maharaja Ranjit Singh granted him the privilege of being seated in the Darbar and bestowed civil and military honours on him. From 1831 to 1834 he acted as Governor of Kashmir and in 1834 he was a commander in the force that captured Peshawar from the Afghans. He was the", "title": "Sher Singh" }, { "id": "398761", "text": "(the five beloved ones) to form the Khalsa, or collective body of initiated Sikhs. During the period of Mughal rule in India (1556–1707) several Sikh gurus were killed by the Mughals for opposing their persecution of minority religious communities including Sikhs. Sikhs subsequently militarized to oppose Mughal rule. After defeating the Afghan and Mughal, sovereign states called Misls were formed, under Jassa Singh Ahluwalia. The Confederacy was unified and transformed into the Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh Bahadur, which was characterised by religious tolerance and pluralism, with Christians, Muslims and Hindus in positions of power. The empire is considered", "title": "Sikh" }, { "id": "2816639", "text": "to Anandpur and travelled extensively to visit and preach in defiance of Aurangzeb, who attempted to install Ram Rai as new guru. Guru Tegh Bahadur aided Kashmiri Pandits in avoiding conversion to Islam and was arrested by Aurangzeb. When offered a choice between conversion to Islam and death, he chose to die rather than compromise his principles and was executed. Guru Gobind Singh assumed the guruship in 1675 and established the Khalsa, a collective army of baptised Sikhs, on 30 March 1699. The establishment of the Khalsa united the Sikh community against various Mughal-backed claimants to the guruship. Banda Singh", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "7923346", "text": "Jassa Singh Ahluwalia Jassa Singh Ahluwalia also known as Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (1 May 1718 – 1783) was a prominent Sikh leader during the period of the Sikh Confederacy. He was also Misldar of the Ahluwalia Misl. This period was an interlude, lasting roughly from the time of the death of Banda Bahadur in 1716 to the founding of the Sikh Empire in 1801. He founded the Kapurthala State in 1772. Jassa Singh Ahluwalia was born at a village called Ahlu in the Lahore District of Punjab (modern day Pakistan). In 1739, Nadir Shah, the Turkic ruler of Persia, invaded", "title": "Jassa Singh Ahluwalia" }, { "id": "1149985", "text": "his father's murderer, Ajit Singh. Duleep Singh was then crowned Maharajah, with Hira Singh as his \"Wazir\", but his power would be weakened by infighting among Sikh nobles. After the conclusion of two Anglo-Sikh wars, the Sikh empire fell into disarray, resulting in the fall of the \"Lahore Durbar\", and commencement of British rule. The British East India Company seized control of Lahore in February 1846 from the collapsing Sikh state, and occupied the rest of Punjab in 1848. Following the defeat of the Sikhs at the Battle of Gujrat, British troops formally deposed Maharaja Duleep Singh in Lahore that", "title": "Lahore" }, { "id": "7813359", "text": "On 22 May 2004 Manmohan Singh became the first Sikh to become the Prime Minister of India. There are a number of small pseudo-sikh sects who are not considered to be Sikhs. See Sects of Sikhism for more information. History of Sikhism The history of Sikhism started with Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the first Guru in the fifteenth century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The religious practices were formalised by Guru Gobind Singh Ji on 13 April 1699. The latter baptised five persons from different social backgrounds to form Khalsa (ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ). The first", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "2816643", "text": "Mughal Emperor. The battle of Panipat was the effect of this political alliance. After the victory of Panipat, Ahmad Shah Durrani became the primary ruler over Northern India. The influence of Durrani monarch continued in Northern India up to his death. In 1757, the Sikhs were persistently ambushing guards to loot trains. In order to send a message, and prevent such occurrences from recurring, Ahmad Shah destroyed the Shri Harimandir Sahib and filled the Sarovar (Holy water pool) with cow carcasses. In 1758 the Maratha Empire's general Raghunathrao attacked and conquered Lahore and Attock driving out Timur Shah Durrani, the", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "14941054", "text": "Bahadur encamped in Delhi, receiving large numbers of followers, was said to have attracted the wrath of Emperor Aurangzeb. The execution of Guru Tegh Bahadur infuriated the Sikhs. In response, his son and successor, the tenth Guru of Sikhism Guru Gobind Singh further militarized his followers. The Khalsa, or \"the Sikh Army\", were the first in history to abolish the Muslim states and Mughal Empire in the whole province of Punjab in one stroke. The Singhs (Lions), led by Banda Singh Bahadur took over many Muslim and Mughal lands, establishing a Sikh Empire. Other existing Muslim Emperors proclaimed a war", "title": "Sikh period in Lahore" }, { "id": "7813259", "text": "Sikh Empire that spread from Uttar Pradesh to Punjab. He fought the Islamist Mughal state tyranny and gave the common people of Punjab courage, equality, and rights. On his way to Punjab, Banda Singh punished robbers and other criminal elements making him popular with the people. Banda Singh inspired the minds of the non-Muslim people, who came to look upon the Sikhs as defenders of their faith and country. Banda Singh possessed no army but Guru Gobind Singh in a Hukamnama called to the people of Punjab to take arms under the leadership of Banda Singh overthrow and destroy the", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "7813332", "text": "in the east. The main geographical footprint of the empire was the Punjab. The religious demography of the Sikh Empire was Muslim (80%), Sikh (10%), Hindu (10%). The foundations of the Sikh Empire, during the Punjab Army, could be defined as early as 1707, starting from the death of Aurangzeb and the downfall of the Mughal Empire. After fighting off local Mughal remnants and allied Rajput leaders, Afghans, and occasionally hostile Punjabi Muslims who sided with other Muslim forces the fall of the Mughal Empire provided opportunities for the army, known as the Dal Khalsa, to lead expeditions against the", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "7813299", "text": "Khalsa under the leadership of Ahluwalia, would take over Lahore, the capital of Punjab, for the first time. They were the masters of Lahore for a few months and minted their own Nanakshahi rupee coin in the name of 'Guru Nanak – Guru Gobind Singh'. In 1746 about seven thousand Sikhs were killed and three thousand to fifteen thousand Sikhs were taken prisoners during by the order of the Mughal Empire when Zakaria Khan, The Governor of Lahore, and Lakhpat Rai, the Divan (Revenue Minister) of Zakaria Khan, sent military squads to kill the Sikhs. Jaspat Rai, a jagirdar (landlord)", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "2409878", "text": "1758, which was laid siege to in September 1761 by Khwaja Ubaid, Governor of Lahore. He then elevated the city to status of capital of his Misl in 1763. Charat Singh's grandson Ranjit Singh was born in Gujranwala in 1780 in the city's \"Purani Mandi\" market, and would later established the Sikh Empire that would control Punjab until the arrival of the British. Maharaja Ranjit Singh maintained Gujranwala as his capital initially after rising to power in 1792. His military commander, Hari Singh Nalwa, built a high mud wall around Gujranwala during this era, and established the city's new grid", "title": "Gujranwala" }, { "id": "2943613", "text": "control of the Punjab region after defeating the Sikhs in the Anglo-Sikh wars, establishing their rule over the region for around the next 100 years as a part of the British Raj. Many Sikhs and Punjabis later pledged their allegiance to the British, serving as sepoys (native soldiers) within the Raj. In ancient and the medieval era, before the arrival of Islam into the Indian subcontinent, Hinduism and Buddhism were the predominant religion in the Punjab region. After Islamic conquest, conversions began leading to a mixed population of Muslims and Hindus, and Buddhism vanished. After Guru Nanak founded Sikhism in", "title": "Punjabis" }, { "id": "5325134", "text": "Nau Nihal Singh Kanvar (Prince) Nau Nihal Singh (9 March 1821 – 6 November 1840) was a ruler of the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. He was the son of Maharani Chand Kaur and Maharaja Kharak Singh, himself the eldest son and heir of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Sher-e-Panjab and a grandson of Maharani Datar Kaur of the Nakai Misl. After the death of Ranjit Singh, Kharak Singh became king but was unable to keep control of the various factions within the kingdom. Prince Nau Nihal took control of the state himself.he was born into a Sandhanwalia Jat family. In", "title": "Nau Nihal Singh" }, { "id": "333694", "text": "culture of ancient Punjab\". In 326 BCE, Alexander the Great invaded Pauravas and defeated King Porus. His armies entered the region via the Hindu Kush in northwest Pakistan and his rule extended up to the city of Sagala (present-day Sialkot in northeast Pakistan). In 305BCE the area was ruled by the Maurya Empire. In a long line of succeeding rulers of the area, Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka stand out as the most renowned. The Maurya presence in the area was then consolidated in the Indo-Greek Kingdom in 180BCE. Menander I Soter \"The Saviour\" (known as Milinda in Indian sources) is", "title": "Punjab" }, { "id": "333695", "text": "the most renowned leader of the era, he conquered the Punjab and made Sagala the capital of his Empire. Menander carved out a Greek kingdom in the Punjab and ruled the region till his death in 130BCE. The neighbouring Seleucid Empire rule came to an end around 12BCE, after several invasions by the Yuezhi and the Scythian people. In 711–713 CE, the 18-year-old Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim of Taif, a city in what is now Saudi Arabia, came by way of the Arabian Sea with Arab troops to defeat Raja Dahir. BinQasim then led his troops to conquer the", "title": "Punjab" }, { "id": "3660083", "text": "First Anglo-Sikh War The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the East India Company between 1845 and 1846. It resulted in partial subjugation of the Sikh kingdom. The Sikh kingdom of Punjab was expanded and consolidated by Maharajah Ranjit Singh during the early years of the nineteenth century, about the same time as the British-controlled territories were advanced by conquest or annexation to the borders of the Punjab. Ranjit Singh maintained a policy of wary friendship with the British, ceding some territory south of the Sutlej River, while at the same time building up his military", "title": "First Anglo-Sikh War" }, { "id": "2816635", "text": "Battle of Panipat. The next year, he defeated the Rajput confederacy under Rana Sanga of Mewar, and in 1529 defeated the remnants of the Delhi sultanates. At his death in 1530 the Mughal Empire encompassed almost all of Northern India. Bābur’s son Humāyūn (reigned 1530–40 and 1555–56) had lost territory to rebels, but Humāyūn’s son Akbar (reigned 1556–1605) defeated the Hindu king Hemu at the Second Battle of Panipat (1556) and reestablished Mughal rule. Akbar's son Jahangir had furthered the size of the Mughal Empire through conquest, yet left much of the state bankrupt as a result. Jahangir's son Shah", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "2816636", "text": "Jahan (reigned 1628–1658) was known for his monuments, including the Taj Mahal. Shah Jahan's son Aurangzeb was especially known for his religious intolerance and was known for his destruction of schools and temples which he saw as un-Islamic. In addition to the murder of a Sikh Guru, Aurangzeb had instilled heavy taxes on Hindus and Sikhs that had later led to an economic depression. During the reign of Muḥammad Shah (1719–48), the empire began to decline, accelerated by warfare and rivalries, and. After the death of Muḥammad Shah in 1748, the Marathas attacked and ruled almost all of northern India.", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "10894833", "text": "Sikh diaspora The Sikh diaspora is the modern Punjabi Sikh migration from the traditional area of the Punjab region. Sikhism is (de facto) an ethnic religion, the Punjab region being the historic homeland of Sikhism. The Sikh diaspora is largely a subset of the Punjabi diaspora. The starting point of the diaspora is commonly accepted to have begun after the fall of the Sikh Empire in 1849 and the Empire's subsequent annexation into the British Raj. The most famous personification of the Sikh diaspora was the first, Maharajah Duleep Singh, the last Emperor of the Sikhs who was coerced into", "title": "Sikh diaspora" }, { "id": "12445596", "text": "Huns, Kushano-Hephthalites and Shahi kingdoms. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin. In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh Empire invaded and occupied Khushab Tehsil. The Muslims faced restrictions during the Sikh rule. During the period of British rule,", "title": "Khushab Tehsil" }, { "id": "2816598", "text": "wars between various kingdoms was characteristic of this time, except in times of temporary unification under centralised Indian Empires or invading powers. After the arrival of Islamic invaders, that had managed to rule throughout a long period of the region's history, much of Western Punjab had become a centre of Islamic culture in the Indian subcontinent. An interlude of Sikh rule under the Maharaja Ranjit Singh and his Sikh Empire had seen a brief resurfacing of traditional culture until the British had annexed the region into their larger British Empire. After the British had left, the region was partitioned into", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "14941068", "text": "son and heir to the throne, was formally deposed in Lahore. The remaining Sikh regiments in the city were abruptly decommissioned and camped outside the city demanding severance pay. Within a year, the Punjab was formally annexed to the British Empire and military sappers had begun leveling Lahore's city wall. Sikh period in Lahore The Sikh Rule in Lahore initiated from the invasion and rule of the Sikh Misls and extended till the Sikh Empire of Ranjit Singh\" (also known as Punjab, the Sikh Raj, and Sarkar Khālsā Rāj)\" which ended in 1849. The Sikhs began gaining power following the", "title": "Sikh period in Lahore" }, { "id": "3660102", "text": "all the forts, territories, rights and interests in the hill countries situated between the Rivers Beas and Indus to the East India Company, as equivalent to ten million of rupees. In a later separate arrangement (the Treaty of Amritsar), the Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, purchased Kashmir from the East India Company for a payment of 7.5 million rupees and was granted the title Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir. Maharaja Duleep Singh remained ruler of the Punjab and at first his mother, Maharani Jindan Kaur, remained as Regent. However, the Durbar later requested that the British presence remain until the", "title": "First Anglo-Sikh War" }, { "id": "2943612", "text": "a leading role in organising a Sikh militia and got control of the Punjab region from Zaman Shah Durrani. Ranjit started a Punjabi military expedition to expand his territory. Under his command the Sikh army began invading neighbouring territories outside of Punjab. The Jamrud Fort at the entry of Khyber Pass was built by Ranjit Singh. The Sikh Empire slowly began to weaken after the death of Hari Singh Nalwa at the Battle of Jamrud in 1837. Two years later, in 1839, Ranjit Singh died and his son took over control of the empire. By 1850 the British took over", "title": "Punjabis" }, { "id": "5860232", "text": "Bahadur Gulab Singh Powind thereafter as reinforcement and he crushed the Pashtun rebellion harshly. In 1838, Ranjit Singh with his troops marched into Kabul to take part in the victory parade along with the British after restoring Shah Shoja to the Afghan throne at Kabul. The Sikh Empire was idiosyncratic in that it allowed men from religions other than their own to rise to commanding positions of authority. A ban on cow slaughter, which can be related to Hindu sentiments, was universally imposed in the Sarkar Khalsaji. Ranjit Singh also donated huge amounts of gold for the construction of Hindu", "title": "Sikh Empire" }, { "id": "13515440", "text": "at the Battle of Bhangani. He moved on to Anandpur and established the Khalsa, a collective army of baptised Sikhs, on 30 March 1699. The establishment of the Khalsa united the Sikh community against various Mughal-backed claimants to the guruship. In 1701, a combined army composed of the Sivalik Hill Rajas and the Mughal army under Wazir Khan attacked Anandpur and, following a retreat by the Khalsa, was defeated by the Khalsa at the Battle of Muktsar. Banda Singh Bahadur was an ascetic who converted to Sikhism after meeting Guru Gobind Singh at Nanded. Shortly before his death, Guru Gobind", "title": "Punjab, India" }, { "id": "9365151", "text": "Gurnam Singh Gurnam Singh (25 February 1899 – 31 May 1973) was an Indian politician and the Chief Minister of Punjab from 8 March 1967 to 25 November 1967, and again between 17 February 1969 to 27 March 1970. He was the first Shiromani Akali Dal Chief minister of Punjab. His ministry fell due to defection of Lachhman Singh Gill, who became the next Chief Minister with the support of the Indian National Congress. He died in an air crash in Delhi on 31 May 1973. Singh was born in Narangwal, Ludhiana on 25 February 1899 in a Grewal family.", "title": "Gurnam Singh" }, { "id": "398765", "text": "linguistic basis similar to other states in India. This was promised to Sikh leader Master Tara Singh by Jawaharlal Nehru, in return for Sikh political support during negotiations for Indian independence. Although the Sikhs obtained the Punjab, they lost Hindi-speaking areas to Himachal Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan. Chandigarh was made a union territory and the capital of Haryana and Punjab on 1 November 1966. Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale triggered violence in the Punjab. The prime minister Indira Gandhi ordered an operation to remove Bhindranwale from the Golden Temple in Operation Blue Star.This led to her assassination by her Sikh", "title": "Sikh" }, { "id": "398791", "text": "8 June 1984, ordered by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to remove militant religious leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his armed followers from the buildings of the Harmandir Sahib complex in Amritsar, Punjab. In July 1983, the Sikh political party Akali Dal's President Harchand Singh Longowal had invited Bhindranwale to take up residence in Golden Temple Complex to evade arrest. Bhindranwale later on made the sacred temple complex an armoury and headquarters. In the violent events leading up to the Operation Blue Star since the inception of Akali Dharm Yudh Morcha, the militants had killed 165 Hindus and Nirankaris, even 39", "title": "Sikh" }, { "id": "10799071", "text": "Qadirabad Qadirabad () is a city located near Chenab River in tehsil Phalia in Mandi Bahauddin District in province Punjab in Pakistan. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region. The name 'Qadirabad' comes from the name of Mirza Qadir Khan, whose", "title": "Qadirabad" }, { "id": "6463129", "text": "a military regime under Gen. Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq in 1977, the Sharif family was given back their previous ownership. [2]. His ancestors were from Anantnag, Kashmir and is of Kashmiri origin. He was married to Shamim Akhtar, with whom he had three sons. His sons, Nawaz and Shehbaz have both served as the Chief Minister of Punjab while the former also has the honour of being three time Prime Minister. Sharif was very close to General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq and was known as a respected political personality. He was involved in politics through his sons, Nawaz Sharif who served as the Chief", "title": "Muhammad Sharif" }, { "id": "12142006", "text": "Kambojas, Daradas, Kaikayas, Madras, Pauravas, Yaudheyas, Malavas and Kurus invaded, settled and ruled ancient Punjab. After overrunning the Achaemenid Empire in 331 BCE, Alexander the Great marched into present-day Punjab with an army of 50,000. The Dera Ghazi Khan region was ruled by the Maurya Empire, Indo-Greek kingdom, Kushan Empire, Gupta Empire, White Huns, Kushano-Hephthalites and Shahi kingdoms. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it with conquests of the Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later", "title": "Mangrotha" }, { "id": "5859962", "text": "Sher Singh Maharaja Sher Singh (4 December 1807 – 15 September 1843) was a son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. In 1841, he became Maharaja of the Sikh Empire and the Punjab. In 1820, Maharaja Ranjit Singh granted him the privilege of being seated in the Darbar and bestowed civil and military honours on him. From 1831 to 1834 he acted as Governor of Kashmir and in 1834 he was a commander in the force that captured Peshawar from the Afghans. He was the son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Maharani Mehtab Kaur, who was also the mother of Prince Tara", "title": "Sher Singh" }, { "id": "2816647", "text": "third invasion, he had decisively defeated Zamah Shah. This had eventually led to the takeover of Lahore in 1799. In 1809, Singh signed the Treaty of Amritsar with the British; in this treaty, Singh was recognised as the sole ruler of Punjab by the British and was given freedom to fight against the Muslims of surrounding areas. Within ten years of Ranjit Singh's death in 1839, the Empire was taken over by the British who had already more or less exerted indirect or direct influence throughout the Subcontinent. At Lahore, there were increasing levels of nobles vying for power. A", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "2816630", "text": "Minar, which highlighted the presence of Islam. The dynasties of the Delhi sultanates stressed allegiance to the Caliphate and supported the judicial authority of the Ulama. The Khalji dynasty was succeeded by the Tughluq dynasty, which had ruled from 1320 to 1413. Muhammad bin Tughluq was supported by Turkic warriors, and was the first to introduce non-Muslims into the administration, to participate in local festivals, and permit the construction of Hindu temples. To maintain his identity as a Muslim, the Muhammad bin Tughluq adhered to Islamic laws, swore allegiance to the caliph in Cairo, appointed Ulamas, and imposed the tax", "title": "History of Punjab" }, { "id": "15256981", "text": "Singh who ruled from 1813 to 1845 (the Sikh Kingdom of Patiala in Punjab) joined the British East India Company and helped the British during the First Anglo Sikh wars against the Sikh Empire of Maharajah Ranjit Singh of Punjab which was larger and extended from Tibet Kashmir, plains of Punjab to Peshawar near the Afghan borders. Patiala gets name after Maharaja Ala Singh, the Sidhu Jat founder of Patiala state. It was earlier known as Pat-Ala (पट-आला) which changed to Patiala over a period of time. This office became hereditary amongst his descendants until Phul, the Sikh ancestor of", "title": "Patiala State" }, { "id": "7813219", "text": "considered the zenith of Sikhism at political level, during this time the Sikh Empire came to include Kashmir, Ladakh, and Peshawar. Hari Singh Nalwa, the Commander-in-chief of the Sikh army along the North West Frontier, took the boundary of the Sikh Empire to the very mouth of the Khyber Pass. The Empire's secular administration integrated innovative military, economic and governmental reforms. The months leading up to the partition of India in 1947, saw heavy conflict in the Punjab between Sikh and Muslims, which saw the effective religious migration of Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus from West Punjab which mirrored a similar", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "15149822", "text": "Kaikayas, Madras, Pauravas, Yaudheyas, Malavas, Saindhavas and Kurus invaded, settled and ruled ancient Punjab region. After overrunning the Achaemenid Empire in 331 BCE, Alexander marched into present-day Punjab region with an army of 50,000. The Khushab was ruled by Maurya Empire, Indo-Greek kingdom, Kushan Empire, Gupta Empire, White Huns, Kushano-Hephthalites and Shahi kingdoms. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin. In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region.", "title": "Noorpur Thal Tehsil" }, { "id": "14596502", "text": "only two seats in the Punjab Assembly. One of the winning candidates, Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan deserted the PML as soon as the results were officially announced. The other winning candidate was an urban elite, brilliant and an academic lawyer Malik Barkat Ali Sir Fazl-i-Husain died in 1936, leaving the way clear for Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan to become the first Chief Minister of the Punjab under the newly introduced provincially autonomy under the act of 1935. Sir Sikander was the strongest Chief Minister in India getting the support of 95 out of 175 members of the Punjab Assembly. He", "title": "Punjab Muslim League" }, { "id": "3315968", "text": "a Rajya Sabha seat (which had apparently been promised before he joined the party) and Mayawati had changed her mind on that matter. After this episode, Natwar Singh, now 77 years of age, and having suffered several personal tragedies in a short period, retired from public life. In August 1967, Singh married \"Maharajkumari\" Heminder Kaur (b. June 1939), the eldest daughter of the last Maharaja of Patiala State, Yadavindra Singh, and the sister of Amarinder Singh, the present titular Maharaja of Patiala and current chief minister of Punjab. Heminder's mother Mohinder Kaur was also active in public life. The couple", "title": "Natwar Singh" }, { "id": "3660314", "text": "at Gujarat, Lord Dalhousie annexed the Punjab for the East India Company in 1849. For his services the Earl of Dalhousie received the thanks of the British parliament and a step in the peerage, as marquess. The Sikh Wars gave the two sides a mutual respect for each other's fighting prowess. The Sikhs would fight loyally for the British in the Indian Mutiny and in many other campaigns and wars up until Indian Independence in 1947. The Sikh kingdom of the Punjab was consolidated and expanded by Maharaja Ranjit Singh during the early years of the nineteenth century. During the", "title": "Second Anglo-Sikh War" }, { "id": "7813216", "text": "History of Sikhism The history of Sikhism started with Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the first Guru in the fifteenth century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The religious practices were formalised by Guru Gobind Singh Ji on 13 April 1699. The latter baptised five persons from different social backgrounds to form Khalsa (ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ). The first five, Pure Ones, then baptised Gobind Singh into the Khalsa fold. This gives the order of Khalsa, a history of around 300 years. The history of Sikhism is closely associated with the history of Punjab and the socio-political situation", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "2943592", "text": "the Anglo-Sikh Wars. The country was finally annexed and dissolved at the end of the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849 into separate princely states and the British province of Punjab. Eventually, a Lieutenant Governorship was formed in Lahore as a direct representative of the British Crown. The 1947 independence of India and Pakistan, and the subsequent partition of Punjab, is considered by historians to be the beginning of the end of the British Empire. The UNHCR estimates 14 million Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims were displaced during the partition. To date, this is considered the largest mass migration in human history.", "title": "Punjabis" }, { "id": "2222969", "text": "gold coins in addition to the existing copper and silver coinage. The rule of Kanishka the Great, fifth Kushan king, lasted for about 13 years from c. 127. Upon his accession, Kanishka ruled a huge territory (virtually all of northern India), south to Ujjain and Kundina and east beyond Pataliputra, according to the Rabatak inscription: His territory was administered from two capitals: Purushapura (now Peshawar in northwestern Pakistan) and Mathura, in northern India. He is also credited (along with Raja Dab) for building the massive, ancient Fort at Bathinda (Qila Mubarak), in the modern city of Bathinda, Indian Punjab. The", "title": "Kushan Empire" }, { "id": "7491955", "text": "Pakpattan was ruled by Maurya Empire, Indo-Greek kingdom, Kushan Empire, Gupta Empire, White Huns, Kushano-Hephthalites and Shahi kingdoms. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 A.D. he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh conquered Pakpattan District. During the period", "title": "Pakpattan District" }, { "id": "7813241", "text": "(Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਰਾਮ ਦਾਸ) (Born in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan on 24 September 1534 – 1 September 1581, Amritsar, Punjab, India) was the fourth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism, and he became Guru on 30 August 1574, following in the footsteps of Guru Amar Das. He was born in Lahore to a Sodhi family of the Khatri clan. His father was Hari Das and mother Anup Devi, and his name was Jetha, meaning 'first born'. His wife was Bibi Bhani, the younger daughter of Guru Amar Das, the third guru of the Sikhs. They had three sons: Prithi Chand, Mahadev", "title": "History of Sikhism" }, { "id": "9365154", "text": "on 31 May 1973. Gurnam Singh Gurnam Singh (25 February 1899 – 31 May 1973) was an Indian politician and the Chief Minister of Punjab from 8 March 1967 to 25 November 1967, and again between 17 February 1969 to 27 March 1970. He was the first Shiromani Akali Dal Chief minister of Punjab. His ministry fell due to defection of Lachhman Singh Gill, who became the next Chief Minister with the support of the Indian National Congress. He died in an air crash in Delhi on 31 May 1973. Singh was born in Narangwal, Ludhiana on 25 February 1899", "title": "Gurnam Singh" }, { "id": "13515442", "text": "cruel to Sikhs, and executed Wazir Khan in revenge for the deaths of Guru Gobind Singh's sons, Baba Zorawar Singh and Baba Fateh Singh, after the Sikh victory at Sirhind. He ruled the territory between the Sutlej River and the Yamuna River, established a capital in the Himalayas at Lohgarh, and struck coinage in the names of Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh. In 1762, there were persistent conflicts with the Sikhs. Sikh holocaust of 1762 took place under the Muslim provincial government based at Lahore to wipe out the Sikhs, with 30,000 Sikhs being killed, an offensive that had", "title": "Punjab, India" }, { "id": "13515438", "text": "not have any further issues with the Mughal Empire until Jahangir's death in 1627. His successor, Shah Jahan, \"took offense\" at Guru Har Gobind's sovereignty and after a series of assaults on Amritsar forced the Sikhs to retreat to the Sivalik Hills. Guru Har Gobind's successor, Guru Har Rai, maintained the guruship in the Sivalik Hills by defeating local attempts to seize Sikh land and taking a neutral role in the power struggle between Aurangzeb and Dara Shikoh for control of the Timurid dynasty. The ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur, moved the Sikh community to Anandpur and travelled extensively to", "title": "Punjab, India" }, { "id": "8372700", "text": "Jhanda Singh Dhillon Maharaja Jhanda Singh Dhillon (died 1774) was a famous royal Jat warrior of the late 18th century. Moreover, he was Maharaja of Amritsar, Lahore, Multan, Chiniot, Jhang, Bhera, Rawalpindi, Hasan Abdal, Sialkot and Gujrat. Under Jhanda Singh's leadership and statesmanship he increased the army's strength by 40% from 12000 to 20000 regular horsemen and accompanied by a huge increase in territory. Under his leadership the Dhillon family became the dominant de facto ruling power of Punjab. His father was the legendary Hari Singh Dhillon, one of the most powerful, admired and famous of all the Sikh warriors", "title": "Jhanda Singh Dhillon" }, { "id": "4387701", "text": "Amarinder Singh Captain Amarinder Singh (born 11 March 1942) is an Indian politician, who is currently the 26th Chief Minister of Punjab. An elected Member of the Legislative Assembly from Patiala, he was also the president of Punjab Pradesh Congress Committee, the state division of the Indian National Congress. He has also previously served as the Chief Minister of Punjab from 2002-2007. His father was the last Maharaja of the princely state of Patiala. He also served in the Indian Army from 1963 to 1966. In 1980, he won a seat in the Lok Sabha for the first time. He", "title": "Amarinder Singh" }, { "id": "8186201", "text": "Khan (real name \"Mirza Askari\") who had ordered the execution of young kids of Guru Govind Singh. Banda Singhs army took revenge on the whole city by murdering all male Muslim residents of Samana. About 10.000 unarmed civilians were slain. He had to give up Samana towards the end of 1710 AD when it was retaken by Mughals. The Sikhs retook it once again in 1742 AD under the leadership of Maharaja Ala Singh, the founder maharaja of the Patiala that ruled Patiala state, and was recognized as a part of Banda's territories by Ahamd Shah Durani. As per 2011", "title": "Samana, Punjab" }, { "id": "2943591", "text": "Sikh (17%), Hindu (13%). The population was 3.5 million, according to Amarinder Singh's The Last Sunset: The Rise and Fall of the Lahore Durbar. In 1799 Ranjit Singh moved the capital to Lahore from Gujranwala, where it had been established in 1763 by his grandfather, Charat Singh. The Punjab region was a region straddling India and the Afghan Durrani Empire. The following modern-day political divisions made up the historical Punjabi kingdom: After Ranjit Singh's death in 1839, the empire was severely weakened by internal divisions and political mismanagement. This opportunity was used by the British East India Company to launch", "title": "Punjabis" }, { "id": "7923354", "text": "on 4 April 1985. Jassa Singh Ahluwalia Jassa Singh Ahluwalia also known as Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (1 May 1718 – 1783) was a prominent Sikh leader during the period of the Sikh Confederacy. He was also Misldar of the Ahluwalia Misl. This period was an interlude, lasting roughly from the time of the death of Banda Bahadur in 1716 to the founding of the Sikh Empire in 1801. He founded the Kapurthala State in 1772. Jassa Singh Ahluwalia was born at a village called Ahlu in the Lahore District of Punjab (modern day Pakistan). In 1739, Nadir Shah, the Turkic", "title": "Jassa Singh Ahluwalia" }, { "id": "8796846", "text": "Pindigheb Pindigheb (or Pindi Gheb) (), is a town in Punjab province Pakistan and seat of Pindi Gheb Tehsil (an administrative subdivision) of Attock District. Western route of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) passes through Pindigheb. The Imperial Gazetteer of India, compiled over a century ago during British rule, described the town as follows: In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the", "title": "Pindigheb" }, { "id": "16927695", "text": "written by Maulvi Abdul Malik, who was notable person of Khori Alam. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh invaded and occupied Gujrat District. The Muslims faced severe restrictions during the Sikh", "title": "Khori Alam" }, { "id": "7813340", "text": "Singh were secretly allied to the British. They supplied important war plans of the Army, and provided the British with updated vital intelligence on the Army dealings, which ended up changing the scope of the war and benefiting the British positions. The Punjab Empire was finally dissolved after a series of wars with the British at the end of the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849 into separate princely states, and the British province of Punjab that where granted a statehood, and eventually a lieutenant governorship stationed in Lahore as a direct representative of the Royal Crown in London. Every village", "title": "History of Sikhism" } ]	leader of sikh empire who became maharajah of punjab
[ "Georgia Bulldogs", "Oklahoma Sooners" ]	[ { "id": "20244370", "text": "2018 Rose Bowl The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection committee. Georgia and Oklahoma competed for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game, to be played on January 8, 2018 at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won the game with a 27-yard run", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244387", "text": "its possession. When Georgia had the ball, Sony Michel took a direct snap on a second down and rushed for a 27-yard touchdown, winning the game for the Bulldogs. In this game, a number of Rose Bowl records were set: 2018 Rose Bowl The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244377", "text": "Wimbush, and forced a fumble, which Georgia's Lorenzo Carter recovered. The Bulldogs held the field, winning the game. The Bulldogs returned home for the next two weeks, beating the Samford Bulldogs 42–14 and the No.17 Mississippi State Bulldogs 31–3. On September 30, 2017, No. 7 Georgia traveled to Knoxville to play longtime SEC East rival the Tennessee Volunteers after losing to them at home in 2016. The Bulldogs defeated the Volunteers in a 41–0 shutout, which was Tennessee's worst home loss since 1905. The following week, Georgia returned to Tennessee to play the Vanderbilt Commodores, winning 45–14. Undefeated No. 4", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244376", "text": "season opener, the Georgia Bulldogs faced the Appalachian State Mountaineers. During the first quarter, starting quarterback Jacob Eason was injured in an out-of-bounds hit that strained his knee. Freshman quarterback Jake Fromm replaced Eason. Fromm started as quarterback the rest of the season. Georgia traveled to its first away and out-of-conference game against the No. 24 Notre Dame Fighting Irish on September 9, 2017. The score was back-and-forth the whole game, until Rodrigo Blankenship scored a field goal with 3:34 to go in the fourth quarter, giving Georgia a 20–19 lead. On 1st-and-10, Georgia linebacker Davin Bellamy sacked quarterback Brandon", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244371", "text": "by Sony Michel, shortly after Lorenzo Carter blocked Oklahoma Sooners' field goal attempt in the second overtime. The game lasted four hours and five minutes. With 26.8 million viewers on ESPN, the game ranked as the fifth most-viewed cable program of all time. The game was one of the 2017–18 bowl games that concluded the 2017 FBS football season. It was televised on ESPN and ESPN Deportes, and broadcast on ESPN Radio and XM Satellite Radio, with the kickoff at 5 p.m. ET (2 p.m. local time). The Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association organized the game. Sponsored by the Northwestern", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244373", "text": "Time and featured floral floats, marching bands, and equestrian units marching down the 5.5 mile route of the parade down Colorado Boulevard. The 2018 Rose Parade's theme was “Making A Difference,” and actor Gary Sinise was its Grand Marshal. In the 2018 Rose Bowl, the #2-ranked Oklahoma Sooners, champions of the Big 12 Conference, faced the #3-ranked Georgia Bulldogs, champions of the Southeastern Conference. This was the first meeting between the University of Georgia and the University of Oklahoma football teams. Traditionally, the Rose Bowl pits the winners of the Big Ten Conference and Pac-12 Conference. However, any teams may", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244381", "text": "they lost to the Iowa State Cyclones 31–38. They went on to beat the Texas Longhorns 29–24 after Texas recovered from a 20-point deficit. The Sooners also began the next game against the Kansas State Wildcats with a 14-point deficit in the first half, but in a second-half comeback, Rodney Anderson scored a 22-yard touchdown with seven seconds left in the game, winning 42–35. Against the Texas Tech Red Raiders, Mayfield led the team to a 49–27 victory. Oklahoma met the Oklahoma State Cowboys for their annual rivalry game, and quarterback Baker Mayfield completed 598 yards, winning 62–52. The No.", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244382", "text": "5 Sooners beat the No. 6 Texas Christian University Horned Frogs 38–20, taking 1st place in the Big 12. In the next away game against the Kansas Jayhawks, Mayfield accounted for his 127th touchdown, breaking Landry Jones's record as completing the most touchdowns in school history, and they won the game 41–3. During the game, Mayfield lost his captaincy for the following game against the West Virginia Mountaineers when he screamed profanity and grabbed his crotch, which he directed at the Kansas sideline. Mayfield's replacement, Kyler Murray, started the game, but Mayfield returned and won 59–31. On December 2, 2017,", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244378", "text": "Georgia faced the Missouri Tigers back home in Athens, winning 53–28. During that game, Georgia gained 696 total yards, the second-highest in school history. When Georgia faced their biggest rival, the Florida Gators, in the annual neutral-location game, Georgia remained undefeated and beat Florida 42–7, the biggest win in the rivalry since 1982. After Florida's loss to Georgia, they fired head coach Jim McElwain. The following week, Georgia beat the South Carolina Gamecocks 24–10, clinching the SEC East and their spot in the SEC Championship. On November 11, 2017, Georgia lost to the Auburn Tigers 17–40 in what would be", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244380", "text": "securing their spot in the playoffs. In the 2017 preseason polls, Oklahoma was ranked No. 7 in the AP Poll and No. 8 in the Coaches Poll. Oklahoma opened the season against the University of Texas at El Paso Miners, winning 56–7 and showcasing a strong offense. Next, No. 6 Oklahoma traveled to the No. 2 Ohio State Buckeyes and won 31–16. In Oklahoma's first meeting with the Tulane Green Wave, No. 2 Oklahoma won 56–14. They went on to play the Baylor Bears, eking out an expected blowout but still winning 49–41. In Oklahoma's big upset of the season,", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20817916", "text": "2019 Rose Bowl The 2019 Rose Bowl is a college football bowl game that will be played on January 1, 2019. It will be the 105th edition of the Rose Bowl Game, and will be one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. It will match the Big Ten champion Ohio State Buckeyes against the Pac-12 champion Washington Huskies. Sponsored by the Northwestern Mutual financial services organization, the game is officially known as the Rose Bowl presented by Northwestern Mutual. \"The Melody of Life\" is the theme chosen by Pasadena Tournament of Roses president Gerald Freeny.", "title": "2019 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244383", "text": "No. 2 Oklahoma joined No. 10 TCU in a rematch in the Big 12 Championship, winning 41–17. The game secured Oklahoma's spot in the College Football Playoff semifinals. Oklahoma scored on five of six possessions in the first half, and they entered halftime leading Georgia by 14 points. The 54–48 score made this the highest-scoring Rose Bowl, edging out 2017's University of Southern California 52–49 win over Penn State. After winning the coin toss, Oklahoma elected to defer and kick off. Georgia was forced to punt the ball on the first drive of the game, giving Oklahoma its first possession.", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244374", "text": "be selected every three years, when the Rose Bowl is a CFP semifinal. The Big 12 and SEC champions traditionally meet in the Sugar Bowl. The 2018 Sugar Bowl was used as the other semifinal this year, allowing any team to be selected. The matchups for the semifinals are geographically selected to ensure the top two teams do not play in road environments. More than one team from the same conference may participate in the game, and avoiding rematches is not a selection factor. Georgia won their only previous Rose Bowl appearance when their 1942 team, which claims a national", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20002196", "text": "semifinal game to be played at the 2018 Rose Bowl on New Year's Day. Their opponent was the third-seeded Georgia Bulldogs, champions of the Southeastern Conference. It was the first ever match-up between the two schools. The Rose Bowl winner would go on to play in the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship. Oklahoma lost in double overtime, 48–54, in a game many observers described as an \"instant classic\". It was the highest-ever scoring Rose Bowl game, and the first CFP game to go to overtime. The Sooners were the first to score, with a 13-yard pass from Baker Mayfield", "title": "2017 Oklahoma Sooners football team" }, { "id": "19950296", "text": "in the CFP Semi-final in the Sugar Bowl over Clemson and Georgia's overtime win over Oklahoma in the Rose Bowl, Alabama and Georgia, who did not play during SEC play, were slated to play on January 8, 2018 in the Mercedes-Benz Dome in Atlanta, Georgia for the 2018 College Football National Championship Game. This game marked the first time ex-Defensive Coordinator for Alabama Kirby Smart, head coach of Georgia faced off against his mentor Nick Saban. Alabama won the coin toss and elected to defer. On Georgia's opening drive, Alabama's Tony Brown intercepted a pass intended for Georgia's Riley Ridley,", "title": "2017 Alabama Crimson Tide football team" }, { "id": "20244375", "text": "championship, beat the Pacific Coast Conference (predecessor to the Pac-12) champion UCLA 9–0 in 1943, a matchup which occurred prior to the Big Nine-PCC agreement. Oklahoma won their only previous Rose Bowl appearance when their 2002 team beat the then Pac-10 champion Washington State 34–14 in 2003, a matchup which occurred since Big Ten champion Ohio State was selected for the Fiesta Bowl, which was being used as that year's BCS National Championship Game, and Oklahoma was selected to replace them. Georgia opened the 2017 season as the No. 15 team in both the AP and Coaches Polls. In the", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20492923", "text": "conference play the Sooners clinched a berth in the conference championship game where they defeated TCU 41–17 to win their 11th Big 12 Championship. Oklahoma was selected as the second seed to play in the 2017 College Football playoff against third seed Georgia Bulldogs in the 2018 Rose Bowl, which ended up being a 48–54 loss in double overtime. The Sooners signed a total of 22 recruits. The Big 12 media poll was released on July 12, 2018 with the Sooners predicted to win the Big 12. Oklahoma announced its 2018 football schedule on October 26, 2017. The 2018 schedule", "title": "2018 Oklahoma Sooners football team" }, { "id": "2179834", "text": "the strongest matchup that was not part of the College Football Playoff. In the 2018 Rose Bowl, the Georgia Bulldogs (12–1) defeated the Oklahoma Sooners (12–1) 54–48 in double overtime in a semifinal playoff game to advance to the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game. It was the first Rose Bowl game to ever go into overtime. For many years the Rose Bowl eschewed sponsorship, but in 1999, it became \"The Rose Bowl Game presented by AT&T.\" Unlike the other bowl games, the sponsor was not added to the title of the game, but instead as a presenter. In", "title": "Rose Bowl Game" }, { "id": "19950264", "text": "Clemson in a rubber match of the past two playoffs in the semi-final game played at the 2018 Sugar Bowl, which they won 24–6. Alabama was matched in the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game against number 3 and SEC champion and rival Georgia, who beat Oklahoma in the 2018 Rose Bowl, 54–48. Alabama won in overtime, 26–23, to secure the CFP National Championship. Alabama was also selected as champions by the Associated Press (AP) for a record 11th time in program history and recognized by the National Football Foundation (NFF) as the McArthur Bowl recipient, giving Alabama their", "title": "2017 Alabama Crimson Tide football team" }, { "id": "20244372", "text": "Mutual financial services organization, the game was officially known as the College Football Playoff Semifinal at the Rose Bowl Game presented by Northwestern Mutual. Pre-game activities were held at the Rose Bowl parking lots and at Brookside Golf Course. The 2017 Rose Bowl Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony was held at the Rose Bowl Stadium Lot K on December 30, 2017 from 12:00 to 1:30 PM. The 2017 Class members were Mack Brown (Texas), Cade McNown (UCLA), Charles Woodson (Michigan) and Dr. Charles West (Washington & Jefferson), represented by his daughter. The 2018 Rose Parade started at 8:00 a.m. Pacific", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "19260230", "text": "by a score of 24–6 to reach the championship game. The Tide had a 12–1 season, becoming the SEC West Division co-champions with the Auburn Tigers. The Crimson Tide were coached by Nick Saban. The Georgia Bulldogs defeated the Oklahoma Sooners in the 2018 Rose Bowl by a score of 54–48 in double overtime to reach the championship game. The Bulldogs had a 13–1 season claiming their 13th Southeastern Conference (SEC) championship with a win over Auburn Tigers, 28–7. The Bulldogs were coached by Kirby Smart. † = 2017 All-American After winning the coin toss, Alabama deferred to the second", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "19262483", "text": "coach James Franklin (finished 7–6 both seasons). The team wore its dark jerseys and used the west bench on game day. The Nittany Lions and Trojans had previously played nine times, with USC leading the series 5–4, and had played twice in the Rose Bowl in (1923 and 2009) with USC winning both games. The 2017 match was the highest scoring game in the bowl's history, with a total of 101 points, breaking the record set five years earlier at the 2012 Rose Bowl game. This record was broken in the 2018 Rose Bowl game with 102 points scored by", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20527089", "text": "Championship since 2005, defeating Auburn 28–7. Georgia was selected to play in the College Football Playoff for the first time in school history as the #3 seed to face the #2 seed Oklahoma in the Rose Bowl. In an instant classic, Georgia roared back from a 14 point halftime deficit to defeat Oklahoma 54–48 in 2 overtimes earning their first National Championship game appearance. In the National Championship, Georgia was defeated by Alabama 26–23 in overtime. Georgia finished the season 13–2. The SEC media poll was released on July 20, 2018, with the Bulldogs predicted to win the SEC East", "title": "2018 Georgia Bulldogs football team" }, { "id": "20244379", "text": "their only loss of the regular season. Georgia wrapped up the regular season by beating the Kentucky Wildcats 42–13 and the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets 38–7. On December 2, 2017, No.6 Georgia joined No. 4 Auburn in the SEC Championship, the only team who beat them during the regular season. In the rematch, Georgia took the lead in the second quarter when Georgia linebacker Davin Bellamy stripped the ball from Auburn quarterback Jarrett Stidham, recovered by Roquan Smith and leading to Georgia's drive that tied the score. Georgia took the SEC title for the first time since 2005, almost certainly", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "8697852", "text": "because of college basketball commitments. For the 2018 Outback Bowl, ESPN2 carried the main game while WatchESPN offered only the SkyCam view. ESPN was airing the 2018 Peach Bowl at the same time so therefore the Outback Bowl was moved to ESPN2. For the 2018 Rose Bowl and the 2018 Sugar Bowl semifinals, ESPN will carried the standard broadcast of both games. The Coaches' Film Room aired on ESPNEWS, featuring Syracuse's Dino Barbers, North Carolina's Larry Fedora, West Virginia's Dana Holgorsen, Ole Miss' Matt Luke, TCU's Gary Patterson, and former Arkansas and Wisconsin coach Bret Bielema. The Finebaum Film Room", "title": "ESPN Megacast" }, { "id": "19975464", "text": "single-elimination semifinal round, with the winners advancing to the National Championship game. The semifinal games were the Rose Bowl and the Sugar Bowl. Both were played on New Year's Day, as part of a yearly rotation of three pairs of six bowls, commonly referred to as the CFP New Year's Six bowl games. Their winners advanced to the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia, on January 8, 2018. On April 11, 2016, the NCAA announced a freeze on new bowl games until after the 2019 season. While bowl games had been the purview of", "title": "2017–18 NCAA football bowl games" }, { "id": "19260229", "text": "advanced to the national championship after winning the semifinal games hosted by the Sugar Bowl and Rose Bowl Game respectively in January 2018. The championship game was played at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia on January 8, 2018. The Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia was announced as the host site for the fourth College Football National Championship on November 4, 2015. The College Football Playoff (CFP) selection committee selected four teams to advance to the playoff: the Clemson Tigers, Oklahoma Sooners, Georgia Bulldogs, and Alabama Crimson Tide. The Alabama Crimson Tide defeated the Clemson Tigers in the 2018 Sugar Bowl", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "20331373", "text": "the nation. After a 42–7 win vs Florida, the Bulldogs became No. 1 after Penn State lost. Fromm and the Bulldogs would eventually go on to win the 2017 SEC Championship against Auburn. He was named co-newcomer of the year by the Associated Press. He led Georgia to a 54–48 victory over Oklahoma in double overtime in the Rose Bowl on January 1, 2018 to earn them a spot in the CFP final against Alabama. Jake Fromm is a born again Christian. Fromm posted on Twitter: \"But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still", "title": "Jake Fromm" }, { "id": "2169879", "text": "in the United States. It is seen by millions more on television worldwide in more than 100 international territories and countries. The Rose Bowl is a college football game that was added in 1902 to help fund the cost of staging the parade. Since 2011, the parade has been sponsored by Honda. Accordingly, the company has the parade's first float, which like all floats, follows the parade's theme. Rose Parade 2018 featured 44 floats, 20 equestrian units with approximately 400 horses, and 21 marching bands. The theme of this 129th Rose Parade was \"Making a Difference\" and the Grand Marshal", "title": "Rose Parade" }, { "id": "20244386", "text": "seconds left in the game, Nick Chubb took a direct snap and rushed for two yards for a game-tying touchdown. Oklahoma did not score on its last drive of regulation game, forcing overtime. The game went into overtime and was the first Rose Bowl in history to do so. The Sooners won the overtime coin toss and elected to play defense first. The teams traded field goals in the first overtime, sending the game into a second overtime. Georgia's Lorenzo Carter blocked Oklahoma kicker Austin Seibert's 27-yard field goal attempt, meaning Georgia would win the game with any points during", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244385", "text": "in the third quarter. The game went back and forth in the last quarter. Baker Mayfield threw the first interception of the game, as Dominick Sanders intercepted his pass. Jake Fromm completed a 4-yard pass to Javon Wims, taking the lead for the first time in the game, at 38–31. Oklahoma tied the game back up, with Dimitri Flowers scoring a touchdown with 8:47 left in the game. Sony Michel fumbled in the next possession, and Oklahoma's Steven Parker recovered the fumble and returned it 46 yards to score a touchdown, putting the Sooners in the lead again. With fifty-five", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20509529", "text": "the Bruins accumulated a season-high 528 yards of total offense. Tight end Caleb Wilson added 184 yards receiving. The Rose Bowl attendance of 38,391 was the Bruins' smallest home crowd since 1997. UCLA finished the season with a 3–9 record, their worst since going 2–7–1 in 1971. 2018 UCLA Bruins football team The 2018 UCLA Bruins football team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bruins were led by first-year head coach Chip Kelly and played their home games at the Rose Bowl. UCLA was a member of the Pac-12", "title": "2018 UCLA Bruins football team" }, { "id": "2179805", "text": "Rose Bowl Game The Rose Bowl Game, also frequently known as simply the Rose Bowl, is an annual American college football bowl game, usually played on January 1 (New Year's Day) at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. When New Year's Day falls on a Sunday, the game is played on Monday, January 2 (15 times now). The Rose Bowl Game is nicknamed \"The Granddaddy of Them All\" because it is the oldest bowl game. It was first played in 1902 as the Tournament East–West football game, and has been played annually since 1916. Since 1945, it has been", "title": "Rose Bowl Game" }, { "id": "19262476", "text": "2017 Rose Bowl The 2017 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 2, 2017 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. This 103rd Rose Bowl Game matched the Big Ten Conference champions Penn State Nittany Lions against the USC Trojans of the Pac-12 Conference, a rematch of the 1923 and 2009 Rose Bowls, the former the first appearance for either team in the bowl and the latter the most recent appearance for either team. It was one of the 2016–17 bowl games that concluded the 2016 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Northwestern Mutual financial", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "4679825", "text": "the Clemson Tigers 45–40 to claim its 16th national championship. On January 8, 2018, Alabama defeated the Georgia Bulldogs 26–23 to take the team's 17th national championship. The team has also made 65 bowl appearances throughout their history (an NCAA record), beginning with the 1926 Rose Bowl. Alabama's most recent bowl appearance was at the 2018 Sugar Bowl as part of the 2018 College Football Playoff. Alabama has a 39–26–3 bowl game record. Since 1913, Alabama has had 98 players selected as first team All-Americans, with 29 of them being consensus selections. In 2009, Alabama also recorded their first Heisman", "title": "Alabama Crimson Tide" }, { "id": "20509519", "text": "2018 UCLA Bruins football team The 2018 UCLA Bruins football team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bruins were led by first-year head coach Chip Kelly and played their home games at the Rose Bowl. UCLA was a member of the Pac-12 Conference in the South Division. They began the season 0–4 for the first time since 1971, as well as 0–5 for the first time since 1943, before finally winning their first game, in dominating fashion, against Cal. However, despite failing to improve upon their previous season's output", "title": "2018 UCLA Bruins football team" }, { "id": "20466481", "text": "the final College Football Playoff (CFP) Selection poll, Alabama was included at number 4 and played number 1 Clemson in a rubber match of the past two playoffs in the semi-final game played at the Sugar Bowl winning 24–6. Alabama was matched in the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game against number 3 Georgia who beat Oklahoma in the Rose Bowl, 54–48. Alabama won in overtime, 26–23, to secure the CFP National Championship. Alabama was also selected as champions by the Associated Press (AP) for a record 11th time in program history and recognized by the National Football Foundation", "title": "2018 Alabama Crimson Tide football team" }, { "id": "2179857", "text": "in the game (played and coached, as listed by the Tournament of Roses Association): Rose Bowl Game The Rose Bowl Game, also frequently known as simply the Rose Bowl, is an annual American college football bowl game, usually played on January 1 (New Year's Day) at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. When New Year's Day falls on a Sunday, the game is played on Monday, January 2 (15 times now). The Rose Bowl Game is nicknamed \"The Granddaddy of Them All\" because it is the oldest bowl game. It was first played in 1902 as the Tournament East–West", "title": "Rose Bowl Game" }, { "id": "20817917", "text": "The game will be presided over by Grand Marshal Chaka Khan, the \"Queen of Funk.\". George Halas (Great Lakes Navy), Randall McDaniel (Arizona State), Pop Warner (Stanford), and Vince Young (Texas) will be inducted into the Rose Bowl Hall of Fame prior to the game. The 130th Rose Parade will be held in downtown Pasadena the morning of the game, with floats from both conferences. The bands and cheerleaders from both schools also will be participants. The teams playing in the Rose Bowl game are the highest ranking teams from the Pac-12 Conference and Big Ten Conference that are not", "title": "2019 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "12845712", "text": "hopes of recovering from a sprained left ankle and bone spurs. On January 18, 2018, Rose returned to the line-up after missing more than two months with ankle injuries and scored nine points in 13 minutes in a 104–103 win over the Orlando Magic. On February 8, 2018, Rose was acquired by the Utah Jazz in a three-team trade that also involved the Cavaliers and the Sacramento Kings. Two days later, he was waived by the Jazz. On March 8, 2018, Rose signed with the Minnesota Timberwolves, reuniting him with Tom Thibodeau, Jimmy Butler and Taj Gibson. In the playoffs,", "title": "Derrick Rose" }, { "id": "4168947", "text": "and the United States defeating China in the 1999 women's final. The Rose Bowl also hosted group stage matches of the Copa América Centenario in 2016. It also hosted several matches including the final of the 1984 Olympics men's soccer tournament. On July 27, 2016, the Rose Bowl hosted a 2016 International Champions Cup match between Chelsea and Liverpool. Chelsea won the match 1-0. The Rose Bowl also hosted a 2018 International Champions Cup match between F.C. Barcelona and Tottenham Hotspur where Barcelona won 5-3 in penalty kicks after a 2-2 draw. It has also regularly featured CONCACAF Gold Cup", "title": "Rose Bowl (stadium)" }, { "id": "20244384", "text": "Oklahoma's quarterback Baker Mayfield completed three passes, the third to Marquise Brown in the end zone, scoring the first touchdown of the day. Sony Michel rushed for a 75-yard touchdown. At the end of the second quarter, the Sooners employed a double reverse, and Baker Mayfield caught his first pass in college to score a 2-yard touchdown. Georgia received its possession with only 6 seconds on the clock, and Rodrigo Blankenship scored a 55-yard field goal. Blankenship set a Rose Bowl record for longest field goal kick. The Sooners led 31–17 at halftime but the Bulldogs scored fourteen unanswered points", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20826047", "text": "2018 Camellia Bowl The 2018 Camellia Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 15, 2018, with kickoff scheduled for 5:30 p.m. EST (4:30 p.m. local CST). It was the fifth edition of the Camellia Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by broadcasting company Raycom Media, the game was officially known as the Raycom Media Camellia Bowl. The game featured the Eastern Michigan Eagles from the Mid-American Conference (MAC) and the Georgia Southern Eagles of the Sun Belt Conference. This was the first meeting between the two programs. On", "title": "2018 Camellia Bowl" }, { "id": "12093117", "text": "However, Florida would later avenge a late season loss to their rivals, and beat the Seminoles by a score of 52–20. Florida finished first and Ohio State second in both polls, followed by Florida State and Arizona State. The National Championship was claimed by both Ohio State and Florida following a 2018 Gatorade commercial that debuted during the 2017 NCAA National Championship game. The Rose Bowl appearance was the Buckeyes first since 1985. The Rose Bowl victory was the sixth in school history, the first since 1974. Germaine was named Rose Bowl MVP. Q 1996 Ohio State Buckeyes football team", "title": "1996 Ohio State Buckeyes football team" }, { "id": "2179806", "text": "the highest attended college football bowl game. It is a part of the Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association's \"America's New Year Celebration\", which also includes the historic Rose Parade. Since 2015, the game has been sponsored by Northwestern Mutual and officially known as the \"Rose Bowl Game presented by Northwestern Mutual\". In 2015 and 2018, the game was also officially known as the \"College Football Playoff semifinal at the Rose Bowl Game presented by Northwestern Mutual\". Previous sponsors include Vizio (2011–2014), Citi (2004–2010), Sony/PlayStation 2 (2003), and AT&T (1999–2002) The Rose Bowl Game has traditionally hosted the conference champions from", "title": "Rose Bowl Game" }, { "id": "20244450", "text": "Ohio State Buckeyes. These teams were chosen by the CFP Selection Committee. Traditionally, the Pac-12 and Big Ten champions meet in the Rose Bowl, however in the 2017 season, that game will be used for one of the two College Football Playoff semifinal games. Of note is that this year's Rose Bowl features SEC champion Georgia and Big 12 champion Oklahoma, a matchup which traditionally occurs in the Sugar Bowl, which is being used as the other CFP semifinal game for this year. Prior to kickoff, the Trojans led the all-time series 13-9-1; the most recent game was on September", "title": "2017 Cotton Bowl Classic (December)" }, { "id": "4168933", "text": "Granddaddy of Them All\" for the Rose Bowl game.\" In 1999, \"Sports Illustrated\" listed the Rose Bowl at number 20 in the Top 20 Venues of the 20th Century. In 2007, Sports Illustrated named the Rose Bowl the number one venue in college sports. The Rose Bowl stadium is best known in the U.S. for its hosting of the Rose Bowl, a postseason college football game. The game is played after the Tournament of Roses Parade on New Year's Day, or, if January 1 is a Sunday, on the following Monday January 2. The stadium's name has given rise to", "title": "Rose Bowl (stadium)" }, { "id": "19262477", "text": "services organization, the game was officially known as the Rose Bowl Game presented by Northwestern Mutual. USC received the Lathrop K. Leishman trophy for winning the game. The contest, played on January 2 in keeping with the game's standard practice when New Year's Day falls on a Sunday, was televised on ESPN with a radio broadcast on ESPN Radio and XM Satellite Radio, which began at 1:30 PM (PST) with kickoff at 2:10 PM (PST). The Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association was the organizer of the game. The Rose Bowl Game was a contractual sell-out, with 64,500 tickets allocated to", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "19262480", "text": "with the floats. The teams playing in the Rose Bowl game were the highest ranking teams from the Pac-12 Conference and Big Ten Conference that were not selected to play in a College Football Playoff semifinal game. The teams were officially selected by the football committee of the Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association on Selection Sunday on December 4, 2016, based on the final rankings by the CFP committee. The Trojans started the year with a dismal 1–3 record, but after a Week 4 loss at No. 24 Utah the Trojans reeled off an eight-game winning streak, including an upset", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "8465135", "text": "Riley to head coach. In his first season, Riley led the Sooners to a 12–1 regular season record, beating the 10 win record held by Barry Switzer and Chuck Fairbanks for most wins by a first-year coach in program history. Riley and the Sooners beat TCU 41-17 in the 2017 Big 12 Championship Game at AT&T Stadium in Arlington on December 2, 2017 and were crowned Big 12 football champions for the third time in a row (2015, 2016, 2017). Riley and the Sooners played Georgia Bulldogs on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl in the College Football Playoff", "title": "Oklahoma Sooners football" }, { "id": "20817918", "text": "selected to play in a College Football Playoff (CFP) semifinal game. This edition of the Rose Bowl Game is the first time Washington and Ohio State have met in the Rose Bowl. Ohio State leads the all-time match-up between the two schools, 8-3, with Ohio State winning in 2007 33-14. Both teams will practice at Stubhub Center at nearby Carson, CA. Washington secured its berth in the Rose Bowl with a victory over Utah in the Pac-12 Football Championship Game on November 30. The Huskies enter the Rose Bowl with a 10–3 record (7–2 in conference). This will be Washington's", "title": "2019 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20435124", "text": "to Salt Lake City, UT. Arizona lose in the previous meeting to Utah 24–30 in last season at Tucson. Arizona trailed the all-time series by Utah, 19–22–2. \| 1st \|\| 9:51 \|\| 9 \|\| 62 yrds \|\| 4:11 \|\| UCLA \|\| Kazmeir Allen 16 Yd pass from Dorian Thompson-Robinson (JJ Molson PAT) \|\| 0 \|\| 7 After its game against Utah on the road, Arizona will face UCLA on the road at Rose Bowl in Pasadena, CA. Arizona defeated UCLA in the previous meeting 47–30 in last season at Tucson. Arizona trailed the all-time series by UCLA 16–24–2. \| 1st", "title": "2018 Arizona Wildcats football team" }, { "id": "18526521", "text": "head coach and Lincoln Riley was named his successor. In the 2017 season, Riley, anchored by Heisman winner Baker Mayfield, led his team to the Big 12 conference championship, #2 in the CFP rankings, and a berth in one of the CFP semifinal games at the Rose Bowl. Oklahoma went on to lose the 2018 Rose Bowl to Georgia in double overtime 54–48. Head coaches under whom Riley has served: Lincoln Riley Lincoln Michael Riley (born September 5, 1983) is an American football coach and former player. He is currently the head coach at the University of Oklahoma. Riley did", "title": "Lincoln Riley" }, { "id": "19262482", "text": "No. 4 Michigan but finished the regular season on a 9–game winning streak, including a pivotal 4th-quarter comeback victory over #2 Ohio State that led to Penn State receiving a Top-25 national ranking for the first time since 2011. Penn State added a Big Ten Championship with a comeback win over #6 Wisconsin to close out the season. The Nittany Lions were led by sophomore duo quarterback Trace McSorley and 1,000+ yard rusher Saquon Barkley and junior wide receiver Chris Godwin. They came into the game 11–2 (8–1 Big Ten), a big improvement from the last two seasons under head", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244424", "text": "2018 Sugar Bowl The 2018 Sugar Bowl was a College Football Playoff semifinal bowl game that was played on January 1, 2018 at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans. The 84th Sugar Bowl game, it matched two of the top four teams selected by the Selection Committee to compete for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship played on January 8, 2018, at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. It was one of the 2017–18 bowl games that concluded the 2017 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Allstate insurance company, the game is officially known as the Allstate", "title": "2018 Sugar Bowl" }, { "id": "19928800", "text": "victory with a 64-yard 4th quarter touchdown run to put the Bulldogs up by three scores. The win gave Georgia its first SEC title since 2005 and secured a spot for Georgia in the 2018 College Football Playoff. On January 1, 2018, Georgia defeated Oklahoma 54–48 in a College Football Playoff semifinal game played at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. Oklahoma led by 14 points at halftime, but Georgia used a strong running game to storm back in the second half. The game was tied at 45 at the end of regulation time. After the teams traded field goals", "title": "2017 Georgia Bulldogs football team" }, { "id": "19876813", "text": "bowl games have hosted two semifinal playoff games on a rotating basis. For this season, the Rose Bowl and the Sugar Bowl hosted the semifinal games, with the winners advancing to the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. On December 3, 2017, the College Football Playoff selection committee announced their final team rankings for the year. This is restricted to coaching changes taking place on or after May 1, 2017. For coaching changes that occurred earlier in 2017, see 2016 NCAA Division I FBS end-of-season coaching changes. This list includes coaching changes announced during", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season" }, { "id": "2179837", "text": "the BCS, had agreed to keep the game on ABC. Beginning with the 2010 season, ESPN (majority-owned by ABC's parent company, The Walt Disney Company) now broadcasts all the BCS/CFP games, including the Rose Bowl game. The game is also broadcast nationally by ESPN Radio and by ESPN International for Latin America. In 2013 ESPN Deportes provided the first Spanish language telecast in the U.S. of the Rose Bowl Game. The Rose Bowl game contract with ESPN was extended on June 28, 2012, to 2026, for a reportedly $80 million per year. Northwestern Mutual took over as presenting sponsor in", "title": "Rose Bowl Game" }, { "id": "20826049", "text": "game in the last three years, having also played in the 2016 Bahamas Bowl where they were defeated by Old Dominion, 24–20. 2018 Camellia Bowl The 2018 Camellia Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 15, 2018, with kickoff scheduled for 5:30 p.m. EST (4:30 p.m. local CST). It was the fifth edition of the Camellia Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by broadcasting company Raycom Media, the game was officially known as the Raycom Media Camellia Bowl. The game featured the Eastern Michigan Eagles from the Mid-American", "title": "2018 Camellia Bowl" }, { "id": "4168934", "text": "the term \"bowl game\" for postseason football games, regardless of whether they are played in a bowl-shaped or \"Bowl\"-named stadium. The Rose Bowl Game is commonly referred to as \"The Granddaddy of Them All\" because of its stature as the oldest of all the bowl games. Since its opening, the Rose Bowl stadium has hosted the bowl game every year except the 1942 Rose Bowl, when the game was moved to Durham, North Carolina, at the campus of Duke University. Duke, which played in the game on January 1, volunteered to host the contest because of security concerns on the", "title": "Rose Bowl (stadium)" }, { "id": "17500711", "text": "NFLPA Collegiate Bowl The NFLPA Collegiate Bowl is a post-season college football game for NFL draft-eligible college players, held annually in January. The event was founded in 2012 by the National Football League Players Association. The most recent game was played on January 20, 2018, at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California; the National team won, 23–0. The next game will be played at the same venue on January 19, 2019. In January 2012, the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA) founded the NFLPA Collegiate Bowl after sponsoring the Texas vs The Nation game in previous years. The inaugural NFLPA", "title": "NFLPA Collegiate Bowl" }, { "id": "2179843", "text": "played in the 1941 and 2002 games, but was not a member of the Big Ten Conference at these times. Idaho and Montana, who were members of the Pacific Coast Conference from 1922 until 1958 and 1950 respectively, never finished near the top in the PCC football standings. Former Big Ten member Chicago withdrew from the league prior to the bowl arrangement being set. USC has played the most Big Ten schools in the Rose Bowl. As of 2016, the only opponents remaining for the Trojans are Iowa, Nebraska, Minnesota, and the two newest Big Ten schools that have yet", "title": "Rose Bowl Game" }, { "id": "14454555", "text": "1932 Rose Bowl The 1932 Rose Bowl was the 18th Rose Bowl game, an American post-season college football game that was played on New Year's Day 1932 in Pasadena, California. It featured the Tulane Green Wave against the USC Trojans. The Trojans had six All-Americans in their lineup: tackle Ernie Smith, guards Johnny Baker and Aaron \"Rosy\" Rosenberg, halfback Erny Pinckert and quarterbacks Orville Mohler and Gaius Shaver. Tulane won all eleven games of the regular season, shutting their opponents out seven times while allowing just 35 total points on the season to win the Southern Conference for the third", "title": "1932 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20244425", "text": "Sugar Bowl. The contest was televised on ESPN and ESPN Deportes, with a radio broadcast on ESPN Radio and XM Satellite Radio, with kickoff at 8:00 PM CT (9:00 PM ET). The #1-ranked Clemson Tigers, champions of the Atlantic Coast Conference, faced the #4-ranked Alabama Crimson Tide, co-champions of the SEC West Division (along with Auburn who won head-to-head over Alabama.) This was the third consecutive year in which Clemson and Alabama met in the CFPs, though the previous two meetings were in the CFP Championship Game. This was Alabama's first Sugar Bowl win of the Nick Saban era. This", "title": "2018 Sugar Bowl" }, { "id": "20437078", "text": "defeated Oklahoma 54–48 at second overtime in the Rose Bowl semifinal game and Alabama defeated Clemson 24–6 in the Sugar Bowl semifinal game. Alabama defeated Georgia 26–23 at overtime in the CFP National Championship game. The SEC conducted its annual media days at the Hyatt Regency Birmingham – The Wynfrey Hotel in Hoover, Alabama on July 16–19. The event commenced with a speech by commissioner Greg Sankey, and all 14 teams sent their head coaches and three selected players to speak with members of the media. The event along with all speakers and interviews were broadcast live on the SEC", "title": "2018 Southeastern Conference football season" }, { "id": "20244427", "text": "Tigers to only six points. This matchup was a rematch of the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship in which the Tigers won with quarterback Deshaun Watson leading the team as the game's MVP. The Tigers were not able to perform without Watson and with Kelly Bryant. 2018 Sugar Bowl The 2018 Sugar Bowl was a College Football Playoff semifinal bowl game that was played on January 1, 2018 at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans. The 84th Sugar Bowl game, it matched two of the top four teams selected by the Selection Committee to compete for a spot at", "title": "2018 Sugar Bowl" }, { "id": "20826104", "text": "Orleans, when Tulane defeated then Louisiana-Lafayette, 41–39. This game was the second time that the two teams met in a bowl game, the first being the 2013 New Orleans Bowl, won by the Ragin' Cajuns. 2018 Cure Bowl The 2018 Cure Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 15, 2018, with kickoff scheduled for 1:30 p.m. EST. It was the fourth edition of the Cure Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by automotive retailer AutoNation, the game was officially known as the AutoNation Cure Bowl. The game was", "title": "2018 Cure Bowl" }, { "id": "19262485", "text": "(14.9) making it was the second highest-rated bowl game ever on ESPN. Figures do not include the 300,000 who streamed coverage on WatchESPN or other International streaming websites. If these figures were added to the final rating it would have been in the near 19 million viewership range. Some countries who streamed games on national tv broadcast the game include Canada (1.3 million), France (200,000) and Australia (98,000). 2017 Rose Bowl The 2017 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 2, 2017 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. This 103rd Rose Bowl Game matched", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "19262481", "text": "win over No. 4 Washington to break them into the Top 25 where they have remained since. USC was led by freshman quarterback Sam Darnold, 1,000-yard rusher Ronald Jones II, receivers JuJu Smith-Schuster, Darreus Rogers and Deontay Burnett, defensive end Porter Gustin, and all-purpose player Adoree Jackson. They were coached by Clay Helton, who led them to a 9–3 season (after going 5–4 in 9 games as interim head coach the season before). The team wore its white jerseys and used the east bench during the game. The Nittany Lions started the season off 2–2 after losses to Pitt and", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "19729980", "text": "Georgia defeated Auburn 28-7, earning them a spot in the CFP Semifinal Rose Bowl at the #3 spot, where they will play #2 Oklahoma. Although they beat Alabama in the Iron Bowl, costing Alabama an undefeated season and a trip to the SEC Championship, Alabama was still selected to play #1 Clemson in the CFP Semifinal in the Sugar Bowl. For their 10 win season, Auburn was chosen by the College Football Playoff committee to play in the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl. It is Auburn's second appearance in a CFP New Year's Six bowl, after the 2017 Sugar Bowl to follow", "title": "2017 Auburn Tigers football team" }, { "id": "2179832", "text": "in the Rose Bowl. Oregon defeated Florida State, 59–20, ending the Seminoles' 29-game winning streak, which dated back to the end of the 2012 season. As a result, Oregon advanced to the 2015 College Football Playoff National Championship played on January 12. The 59 points were a new Rose Bowl Game scoring record for a team. The 2016 Rose Bowl featured Pac-12 champions Stanford against Big Ten West Division champions Iowa. Stanford defeated Iowa 45–16, scoring 35 points in the first half, the most points ever scored in the first half of a Rose Bowl. Big Ten champions Michigan State", "title": "Rose Bowl Game" }, { "id": "9294458", "text": "the USC Trojans would be a participant. The 2002 contest was the last one not to feature a team from either the Big Ten or Pac 12 until the 2018 Rose Bowl, which was a component of the College Football Playoff and pitted Georgia against Oklahoma. The game, which was played on a Thursday night, two days after the parade, has been remembered as a low point for the Rose Bowl. University of Michigan coach Bo Schembechler remarked, \"Didn't watch it,\" when asked what he thought of the 2002 Rose Bowl. 2002 Rose Bowl The 2002 Rose Bowl, played on", "title": "2002 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20339470", "text": "Burnett broke out in the 2017 Rose Bowl Game, where he caught 13 passes for 164 yards and 3 touchdowns. Burnett was given numerous post-season accolades, as he made the 2016 AP All-Bowl Team first team, ESPN All-Bowl Team first team and ESPN Pac-12 All-Bowl Team first team. Burnett signed with the Tennessee Titans as an undrafted free agent on May 11, 2018. He was waived on September 1, 2018. On September 3, 2018, Burnett was signed to the New York Jets' practice squad. He was released on September 21, 2018, but was re-signed four days later. He was promoted", "title": "Deontay Burnett" }, { "id": "11898760", "text": "1934 Rose Bowl The 1934 Rose Bowl, played on January 1, 1934, was an American football bowl game. It was the 20th Rose Bowl Game. The Columbia Lions defeated the Stanford Indians (now Cardinal) 7-0. Cliff Montgomery, the Columbia quarterback, was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game when the award was created in 1953 and selections were made retroactively. At 35,000, it has the lowest attendance in the Rose Bowl game since the Rose Bowl Stadium was built in 1922. This was one of the few rainy New Year's Day celebrations in Pasadena, California. Rain three days before", "title": "1934 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20826044", "text": "record (7–1 in conference). Due to the resignation of head coach Scott Satterfield, who took the same position with the Louisville Cardinals on December 4, the Mountaineers were coached in the bowl game by interim head coach Mark Ivey. 2018 New Orleans Bowl The 2018 New Orleans Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 15, 2018, with kickoff scheduled for 9:00 p.m. EST (8:00 p.m. local CST). It was the 18th edition of the New Orleans Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by freight company R+L Carriers, the", "title": "2018 New Orleans Bowl" }, { "id": "19262479", "text": "teams participated in the traditional Lawry's Beef Bowl in Beverly Hills and the Disney Media Day at the Disneyland Resort in nearby Anaheim. The Rose Bowl Hall of Fame ceremony luncheon was held prior to the game at the Rose Bowl, where outstanding former players and participants were inducted into the hall. This year's honorees were Bobby Bell, from the University of Minnesota; Ricky Ervins, University of Southern California; Tommy Prothro, Oregon State University and UCLA; and Art Spander, award-winning sportswriter. The bands and cheerleaders from both schools participated in the pre-game Rose Parade on Colorado Boulevard in Pasadena along", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "17529307", "text": "his actions against Kansas. On December 2, 2017, with the return of the Big 12 championship game after a six-year hiatus, Mayfield led Oklahoma to its third straight Big 12 championship with Oklahoma beating the TCU Horned Frogs 41–17 in the championship game. Mayfield won game MVP honors while Oklahoma clinched a second playoff berth in three years. The Sooners lost to the Georgia Bulldogs 54–48 in the 2018 Rose Bowl in a national semifinal. Mayfield won the 2017 Heisman Award with a sweeping majority. He received 732 first-place votes and a total of 2,398 points. This translated to 86%", "title": "Baker Mayfield" }, { "id": "20826102", "text": "2018 Cure Bowl The 2018 Cure Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 15, 2018, with kickoff scheduled for 1:30 p.m. EST. It was the fourth edition of the Cure Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by automotive retailer AutoNation, the game was officially known as the AutoNation Cure Bowl. The game was played between the Tulane Green Wave from the American Athletic Conference (AAC) and the Louisiana Ragin’ Cajuns from the Sun Belt Conference. Both teams made their first appearance in a Cure Bowl. Louisiana won the", "title": "2018 Cure Bowl" }, { "id": "19080517", "text": "41 yards and a fourth touchdown. For his performance, Michel was named Rose Bowl Offensive MVP. Chubb and Michel's 326 combined rushing yards in the Rose Bowl put them at 8,259 career rushing yards, surpassing Eric Dickerson and Craig James' FBS record of 8,192. Michel was selected by the New England Patriots in the first round of the 2018 NFL Draft with the 31st overall pick. He was the third running back to be selected that year. In addition, he was the third of six Georgia Bulldogs to be selected that year. Michel & Isaiah Wynn were the first pair", "title": "Sony Michel" }, { "id": "12845713", "text": "Rose averaged 14.2 points in 23.8 minutes per game, as the Timberwolves lost 4–1 to the Houston Rockets in the first round. On July 4, 2018, Rose re-signed with the Timberwolves for the 2018–19 season. On October 31, in his first start of the season, he scored a career-high 50 points in a 128–125 win over the Utah Jazz, securing the victory with a block on Utah's final shot as time expired. Rose was a member of the United States men's national basketball teams that won gold medals at the 2010 and 2014 FIBA World Cup respectively. Standing at and", "title": "Derrick Rose" }, { "id": "17091095", "text": "title game in the same year. The 2018 Championship Game featured SEC teams Alabama and Georgia. The SEC has a record of 5–2 () in games against other conferences. The television broadcast rights to all six CFP bowls and the National Championship are owned by ESPN through at least the 2025 season. ESPN then reached 12-year agreements to retain rights to the Rose Bowl, Orange Bowl, and Sugar Bowl following the dissolution of the Bowl Championship Series. In November, ESPN reached a 12-year deal to broadcast the remaining three bowls, the championship game, as well as shoulder programming such as", "title": "College Football Playoff" }, { "id": "11405259", "text": "who were also in ROTC, were taken into the military, prior to graduation and sent to Officer Candidate School. Buck went on to Ft. Benning Georgia. Because of the agreement made in 1946 by what are now the Big Ten and the Pac-12 Conferences (and their respective predecessors), this was Georgia's lone appearance in the Rose Bowl game until the agreements that starting in the 1998 season, the Rose Bowl would be part of any national championship format. That agreement meant Georgia would not appear until the 2018 game, when they were the third seed in the College Football Playoff", "title": "1943 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "19262478", "text": "the participating teams and conferences. The remaining tickets were distributed to the Tournament of Roses members, sponsors, City of Pasadena residents, and the general public. Ticket prices were $150 and $210. The bowl game was preceded by the 2017 Rose Parade, the 128th annual Rose Parade which began at 8:00 a.m. (PST) on game day with a theme of \"Echoes of Success.\" The game was presided over by the 2017 Rose Queen, the Royal Court, Tournament of Roses President Brad Ratliff, and the grand marshals Janet Evans, Allyson Felix, and Greg Louganis. After the teams' arrival in Southern California, the", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "20825713", "text": "2018 Cheez-It Bowl The 2018 Cheez-It Bowl is a college football bowl game that will be played on December 26, 2018. It will be the 30th edition of what is now the Cheez-It Bowl, after playing the last four games as the Cactus Bowl, and will be one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. The game will be played between the TCU Horned Frogs from the Big 12 Conference and the California Golden Bears from the Pac-12 Conference. This will be the first-ever meeting between the two teams. TCU received and accepted a bid to", "title": "2018 Cheez-It Bowl" }, { "id": "20825714", "text": "the Cheez-It Bowl on December 2. The Horned Frogs enter the bowl with a 6–6 record (4–5 in conference). California received and accepted a bid to the Cheez-It Bowl on December 2. The Golden Bears enter the bowl with a 7–5 record (4–5 in conference). 2018 Cheez-It Bowl The 2018 Cheez-It Bowl is a college football bowl game that will be played on December 26, 2018. It will be the 30th edition of what is now the Cheez-It Bowl, after playing the last four games as the Cactus Bowl, and will be one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the", "title": "2018 Cheez-It Bowl" }, { "id": "20524432", "text": "preferred walk-on and red-shirted his first year. As a red-shirt freshman, Blankenship earned the starting kicker spot. During the 2016 season, Blankenship was 14-for-18 on field goals and 26-for-26 on extra points. He led the team in scoring and was named to the All-SEC Freshman team. In 2017 – his redshirt sophomore season – Blankenship received a full athletic scholarship. He informed the team of the positive news after Georgia's 20–19 victory over Notre Dame. In the 2018 Rose Bowl, Blankenship made a record-long 55-yard field goal that proved pivotal in shifting the momentum away from Oklahoma, leading to Georgia's", "title": "Rodrigo Blankenship" }, { "id": "17500713", "text": "The 2012 and 2013 games were hosted at the Home Depot Center in Carson, California. The Home Depot Center was renamed the StubHub Center in June 2013; the venue subsequently hosted the 2014 through 2017 games. In November 2017, bowl organizers announced the game would relocate to the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California, effective with the 2018 game. The game was sponsored by AstroTurf in 2012, Winnol in 2013, and Panini America in 2014. Through the 2018 playing of the game, the National team has won all seven contests. Source: Source: In 2012, the inaugural NFLPA Collegiate Bowl was", "title": "NFLPA Collegiate Bowl" }, { "id": "20824345", "text": "accepted a bid to the Music City Bowl on December 2. The Boilermakers enter the bowl with a 6–6 record (5–4 in conference). Auburn received and accepted a bid to the Music City Bowl on December 2. The Tigers enter the bowl with a 7–5 record (3–5 in conference). 2018 Music City Bowl The 2018 Music City Bowl is a college football bowl game that will be played on December 28, 2018. It will be the 21st edition of the Music City Bowl, and will be one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by", "title": "2018 Music City Bowl" }, { "id": "19928784", "text": "had suffered their only defeat in the regular season. This was their first conference title since 2005. After the win against Auburn, 2017 became only the fifth season of all time to see Georgia beat all of its traditional rivals (Auburn, Florida, Georgia Tech, Tennessee) in the same season (previously 1980, 1982, 2011, 2012). Georgia received its first ever College Football Playoff appearance against Oklahoma in the school's first Rose Bowl Game since the 1942 season. Georgia won by a score of 54–48 in double overtime. The Bulldogs reached the National Championship game for the first time since 1982, but", "title": "2017 Georgia Bulldogs football team" }, { "id": "19262484", "text": "both Oklahoma and Georgia. In this game, a number of new Rose Bowl records were set. The 2017 Rose Bowl drew more than 16 million viewers, making it the most-watched non-semifinal New Year’s Six game ever. And one of the most viewed college football games in history. Viewership was up 17% from the prior year’s 2016 Rose Bowl game between Stanford and Iowa. The telecast peaked at 19,656,000 viewers in the final minutes of the fourth quarter, which included USC’s game-winning field goal. Locally, Philadelphia (16.7) set a market record for the game, while in Pittsburgh (17.0) and Los Angeles", "title": "2017 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "16769188", "text": "Georgia and Auburn would meet in Mercedes Benz Stadium, in what would be a rematch from early regular season meeting. Looking to avenge their loss from week 11, Georgia would go on to defeat Auburn 28-7 and claim the 2017 SEC Conference Championship. On November 4, 2015, it was announced that the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship would be held at the stadium on January 8, 2018, beating out Houston, Miami Gardens, and Santa Clara. On Sunday December 3, 2017, four teams were selected by the College Football Playoff Committee to compete in the College Football Playoff Semifinals, with", "title": "Mercedes-Benz Stadium" }, { "id": "19714512", "text": "led the Tide to a 13–1 season, giving them a playoff spot as a #4 seed, where they played Clemson in the 2018 Sugar Bowl. Hurts was the offensive MVP in that game, with Da'Ron Payne being the defensive MVP in a 24–6 win over the Tigers. Hurts was benched at halftime of the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship for true freshman Tua Tagovailoa. Hurts won his first National Championship as the Crimson Tide defeated the Bulldogs by a score of 26–23 in overtime. Overall, he finished the 2017 season with 2,081 passing yards, 17 passing touchdowns, and one", "title": "Jalen Hurts" }, { "id": "20963667", "text": "the 2019 championship game will be played in Grambling, Louisiana. The game was contested between two teams that had never before won a football national championship. On the visiting side of the scoreboard was the once-beaten, #7-ranked Benedictine Ravens, representing Benedictine College from Atchison, Kansas. The home team was the unbeaten, #1-ranked Morningside Mustangs, playing for Morningside College of Sioux City, Iowa. Benedictine was making its first appearance in the championship game while Morningside was appearing for the second time, losing the 2012 championship game in overtime to the Marian Knights. Morningside was led by the quarterback-receiver duo of Trent", "title": "2018 NAIA Football National Championship" }, { "id": "20598806", "text": "eligible. The College Football Playoff semi-final games are determined based on the top four seeds in the playoff committee's final rankings. The remainder of the bowl eligible teams are selected by each respective bowl based on conference tie-ins, order of selection, match-up considerations, and other factors. On December 2, 2018, the College Football Playoff selection committee announced their final team rankings for the season. Three of the four semifinalists – Alabama, Clemson, and Oklahoma – had also been semifinalists the previous season. Three bowls will feature two conference champions playing against each other—the Boca Raton Bowl, Orange Bowl, and Rose", "title": "2018–19 NCAA football bowl games" }, { "id": "20538764", "text": "championship and 37th conference crown in program history. Nine Big Ten programs advanced to bowl games, with Ohio State and Michigan earning New Year's Six bowl bids in the Rose and Peach Bowls, respectively. On December 4, 2018, Ohio State announced that head coach Urban Meyer would be stepping down following the Buckeyes' appearance in the Rose Bowl and that offensive coordinator Ryan Day, who served as interim head coach for the first three games of the season, would become the next head coach at Ohio State. Ohio State defeated Wisconsin, 27–21, in the Big Ten Football Championship Game. Eight", "title": "2018 Big Ten Conference football season" }, { "id": "20518011", "text": "a season-ending broken leg. Before the 2016 season, he suffered a neck injury which caused him to miss that season. Anderson returned from the injuries to rush for 1,161 yards on 188 carries and 13 touchdowns in 2017. In the 2018 Rose Bowl against Georgia, he rushed for 201 yards on 26 carries with two touchdowns. Rodney Anderson (American football) Rodney Anderson is an American football running back for the Oklahoma Sooners. On November 1st, 2018, Anderson would forgo his senior year and declared for the 2019 NFL draft after suffering a season ending injury. Anderson attended Katy High School", "title": "Rodney Anderson (American football)" }, { "id": "20825932", "text": "to the Frisco Bowl on December 2. The Aztecs entered the bowl with a 7–5 record (4–4 in conference), having lost 4-of-5 to close their regular season. 2018 Frisco Bowl The 2018 Frisco Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 19, 2018, with kickoff scheduled for 8:00 p.m. EST (7:00 p.m. local CST). It was the second edition of the Frisco Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by Destination XL Group, a retailer of men's big and tall apparel, the game was officially known as the DXL Frisco", "title": "2018 Frisco Bowl" }, { "id": "20472581", "text": "of the AP Poll at the time they played. LSU came into the game with a 9–3 record overall, 6–2 in the SEC. Their two SEC losses were to Mississippi State and Alabama (who was ranked number one in the AP Poll at the time). Their one non-conference loss was to Troy of the Sun Belt Conference. 2018 Citrus Bowl The 2018 Citrus Bowl was an American college football bowl game played on January 1, 2018, at Camping World Stadium in Orlando, Florida. This was the 72nd edition of a game that has been played annually since 1946, under several", "title": "2018 Citrus Bowl" }, { "id": "8270158", "text": "Boise State. Petersen led Washington to a Pac-12 title and a College Football Playoff appearance in 2016. On April 11, 2017, the Washington Huskies Athletic Department extended Petersen's coaching contract through 2023, with a reported annual salary of $4.875 million, paid entirely from Washington Athletic Department revenue, such as ticket sales and television rights or gifts. Washington was invited to participate in their first 2017 Fiesta Bowl during the 2017 season. In the 2018 season, Petersen led Washington to their second Pac-12 title in three years, ending their 18-year Rose Bowl drought. Washington played its first 26 seasons of college", "title": "Washington Huskies football" }, { "id": "20824344", "text": "2018 Music City Bowl The 2018 Music City Bowl is a college football bowl game that will be played on December 28, 2018. It will be the 21st edition of the Music City Bowl, and will be one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Franklin American Mortgage Company, the game will be officially known as the Franklin American Mortgage Music City Bowl. The game will be played between Auburn from the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and Purdue from the Big Ten Conference. The teams have never played each other before. Purdue received and", "title": "2018 Music City Bowl" } ]	who's playing in the rose bowl january 1st 2018
[ "Vince Carter" ]	[ { "id": "2726722", "text": "points. On March 19, 2018, in a 106–90 loss to the Detroit Pistons, Carter had seven points to move past Patrick Ewing into 22nd place on the NBA's career scoring list. At the season's end, he was named the recipient of the NBPA's Backbone Award and Most Respected Award, as part of the Players Voice Awards. On August 24, 2018, Carter signed with the Atlanta Hawks. In his debut for the Hawks on October 17, 2018, Carter started at forward and scored 12 points in a 126–107 loss to the New York Knicks, becoming the second oldest player in NBA", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "4287010", "text": "NBA seasons. He shares the record for most seasons played in the NBA with Robert Parish, Kevin Garnett, Vince Carter and Dirk Nowitzki. During the 2004–05 season, Willis was the oldest player in the league at age 42, and he would continue to be until his retirement at the conclusion of the 2006–07 season at the age of 44. Born in Los Angeles, Willis graduated from Pershing High School in Detroit and joined the basketball team in his junior year. Willis played competitively at Jackson College for his freshman season and transferred to Michigan State University, where he would play", "title": "Kevin Willis" }, { "id": "10243159", "text": "games. He attempted six field goals – making none – and committed five personal fouls. He scored two points off of foul shots. All of the shots occurred in his debut game as a player against the St. Louis Bombers. While he also played a day later against the New York Knickerbockers, he didn't record anything in that game. As a result of these games, Hickey still holds the record for the oldest player in NBA history at 45 years and 363 days. Aside from basketball, Hickey enjoyed a lengthy career in baseball, playing 15 minor league seasons and managing", "title": "Nat Hickey" }, { "id": "19335912", "text": "out the 2016–17 season. He returned to the team, now called the South Bay Lakers, for the 2017–18 season. Ingram averaged 9.1 points, 2.5 rebounds and 1.1 assists in 47 games (seven starts) for the South Bay Lakers in 2017–18, shooting a league-best 47.5 percent from three-point range. On April 9, 2018, Ingram signed with the Los Angeles Lakers for the final two games of the 2017–18 NBA season. He made his NBA debut the following day, scoring 19 points with four 3-pointers in a 105–99 loss to the Houston Rockets. At 32 years old, Ingram became the oldest American", "title": "Andre Ingram" }, { "id": "16615760", "text": "Bernard James Bernard Ronald James (born February 7, 1985) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Limoges CSP of the LNB Pro A. He played college basketball for Florida State University. He is also the oldest player ever to be drafted in the National Basketball Association (NBA) at 27 years and 148 days old. In a 2012 piece for \"The Tipoff\", the magazine of the United States Basketball Writers Association, \"ESPN.com\" writer Dana O'Neil called James...the most unconventional of high school dropouts, a kid who grew disenchanted with the social hierarchy of school yet would head to", "title": "Bernard James" }, { "id": "2726719", "text": "start of the season and made all eight of his shots, including six from beyond the arc, to score a season-high 24 points and lead the Grizzlies past the Milwaukee Bucks 113–93. He became the first 40-year-old in NBA history to hit six triples in one game. At 40 years, 46 days old, Carter also became the oldest player to start an NBA game since Juwan Howard in April 2013. On March 29 against the Indiana Pacers, Carter passed Ray Allen for 22nd on the NBA all-time scoring list. In the Grizzlies' regular-season finale on April 12 against the Dallas", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "2726716", "text": "NBA game, tying him with A. C. Green for 25th on the NBA's career list. He also became the 24th player in NBA history to surpass 24,000 career points. On November 8, he scored 20 points against the Denver Nuggets and became the oldest player in the NBA to post a 20-point game since Michael Jordan scored 25 for the Washington Wizards in April 2003, at age 40. It was also Carter's first 20-point game since April 30, 2014. On November 12, Carter made seven field goals against the Milwaukee Bucks to pass Gary Payton (8,708) for 21st in NBA", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "3383199", "text": "in a season with six, in the 1947–48 season. However, the 2011-2012 Charlotte Bobcats hold the record for the lowest winning percentage in NBA history, with .106. Also during the 1947–48 season, the Steamrollers' coach Nat Hickey activated himself as a player for one game two days before his 46th birthday, setting a still-standing record as the oldest player in NBA history. Providence Steamrollers The Providence Steamrollers were a Basketball Association of America team based in Providence, Rhode Island. As of 2018, the Steamrollers remain the last professional sports franchise from one of the Big Four leagues to be based", "title": "Providence Steamrollers" }, { "id": "1833210", "text": "season, his 19th season with the Lakers, who had replaced D'Antoni with Bryant's former Lakers teammate, Byron Scott. On November 30, 2014, in a 129–122 overtime victory against the Toronto Raptors, Bryant recorded his 20th career triple-double with 31 points, 12 assists and 11 rebounds. At age 36, he became the oldest NBA player to ever achieve 30 points, 10 rebounds, and 10 assists in a game. On December 14, Bryant became the NBA's third all-time leading scorer, passing Jordan (32,292) in a 100–94 win against Minnesota. He played in the first 27 games of the season, averaging team-highs with", "title": "Kobe Bryant" }, { "id": "18553723", "text": "on January 26, 2017. The West reserves include Russell Westbrook of the Oklahoma City Thunder, Klay Thompson and Draymond Green of the Golden State Warriors, DeMarcus Cousins of the Sacramento Kings, Marc Gasol of the Memphis Grizzlies, DeAndre Jordan of the Los Angeles Clippers, and Gordon Hayward of the Utah Jazz. Jordan and Hayward were selected as all-stars for the first time in their respective careers. The East reserves include Kyle Lowry of the Toronto Raptors, Isaiah Thomas of the Boston Celtics, John Wall of the Washington Wizards, Paul George of the Indiana Pacers, Kevin Love of the Cleveland Cavaliers,", "title": "2017 NBA All-Star Game" }, { "id": "10243157", "text": "Nat Hickey Matthew J. \"Nat\" Hickey (January 30, 1902 – September 16, 1979) was an American professional basketball coach/player and baseball player. He turned to coaching basketball after his retirement from playing in 1942, but returned to play two games with the Providence Steamrollers of the Basketball Association of America while serving as the team's coach in 1948. Aged 45 years old at the time of his two appearances, Hickey holds the record for the oldest player in NBA history. As a 5'11\" guard/forward, Hickey played from the 1920s through 1940s with multiple early professional teams, including the Hoboken St.", "title": "Nat Hickey" }, { "id": "3362152", "text": "season. Howard's April 17 start in the season finale against the Orlando Magic marked Howard's 900th career start. On May 30, during halftime of game 5 of the Eastern Conference championship against the Indiana Pacers, Howard delivered a passionate speech that fired up the team in its clinching game. With the retirement of Grant Hill on June 1, 2013, Howard became the oldest active player in the NBA at age 40. During the playoffs, Howard did not play, but he served as a quasi-assistant coach. In college, Howard was regarded as one of the best defensive big men in the", "title": "Juwan Howard" }, { "id": "2726717", "text": "history. Carter also passed Charles Oakley for 24th on the NBA's career games played list with 1,283. On November 14, in a win over the Utah Jazz, Carter had his second 20-point game of the season, joining Michael Jordan and Patrick Ewing as the only players in NBA history to put up 20 points and 5+ rebounds off the bench at the age of 39, with Carter being the oldest at 39 years and 287 days. Carter missed seven games in early December with a right hip flexor strain. On January 11, Carter hit his 1,989th career three-pointer to move", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "4540763", "text": "leaders with 1,611 career games played. As of 2018, he also remains the oldest player to win an NBA championship. He was known as a versatile center, using his 7' size and speed to contain opposing players, launch precise shots from outside the paint, and finish fast breaks – the latter uncanny for a man of his stature. Fellow Hall of Famer and teammate from 1985 to 1987 Bill Walton once called Parish the \"greatest shooting big man of all time\", perhaps because of Parish's field goal and free throw shooting ability, an unusual talent among most centers. His trademark", "title": "Robert Parish" }, { "id": "2726720", "text": "Mavericks, Carter played in his 1,347th game and passed Kobe Bryant for 13th in regular-season games played. On April 22, Carter became the first 40-year-old to make three or more 3-pointers in a playoff game during Game 4 of the Grizzlies' first-round series against the San Antonio Spurs. On July 10, 2017, Carter signed a one-year, $8 million contract with the Sacramento Kings. On August 18, 2017, during the Players Voice Awards, Carter was named by the NBA Players Association as the Most Influential Veteran. Carter missed seven games early in the season with a kidney stone. On December 27,", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "20174148", "text": "exchange for Ante Žižić, Jae Crowder, All-Star point guard Isaiah Thomas, the Brooklyn Nets' unprotected first round pick in the 2018 NBA draft, and a 2020 second round pick, originally from the Miami Heat. The Celtics played the first game of the regular season on October 17, 2017, against the Cleveland Cavaliers. The team retired the number 34 in honor of former small forward Paul Pierce on February 11, 2018, during a game against the Cavaliers, which ultimately didn't involve a conflict with both Isaiah Thomas and Jae Crowder returning that night, as they were traded to the Los Angeles", "title": "2017–18 Boston Celtics season" }, { "id": "20099774", "text": "joined in Indiana by UCLA teammate Leaf, who Indiana had selected in the first round. Anigbogu missed the NBA Summer League while rehabbing his knee. On July 12, the Pacers signed him to a rookie NBA contract. Anigbogu made his debut on October 20, 2017, playing two minutes in a 114–96 loss to the Portland Trail Blazers. At just 18 years old, he was the youngest player in the NBA in 2017–18. He has also been on assignment with the Pacers' NBA G League affiliate, the Fort Wayne Mad Ants multiple times. Ike Anigbogu Christopher Ike Anigbogu (born October 16,", "title": "Ike Anigbogu" }, { "id": "2726721", "text": "2017, Carter scored a season-high 24 points in a 109–95 win over the Cleveland Cavaliers. It was the first time in NBA history that a 40-plus-year-old reserve scored at least 20 points in a game. He shot 10-of-12 from the field in 30 minutes off the bench, with his 83 percent shooting marking the second highest percentage of his career. On January 28, 2018 against the San Antonio Spurs, Carter and Manu Ginóbili scored 21 and 15 points respectively; it was the first game in NBA history where two players over the age of 40 each scored at least 15", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "1812481", "text": "along with Cezary Trybański, Othella Harrington, and Frank Williams in exchange for Jerome Williams and Jamal Crawford. Prior to the 2004–05 season, the Bulls traded Mutombo to the Houston Rockets for Mike Wilks, Eric Piatkowski and Adrian Griffin. Yao Ming and Mutombo formed one of the NBA's most productive center combos. In his first season with the Rockets, Mutombo averaged 15.2 MPG, 5.3 RPG, 4.0 PPG, and 1.3 BPG. The Rockets lost in the first round to the Dallas Mavericks. On March 2, 2007, in a win over the Denver Nuggets at age 40, Mutombo became the oldest player in", "title": "Dikembe Mutombo" }, { "id": "4107155", "text": "helped the Thunder reach the 2016 NBA Western Conference Finals against the 73-9 Golden State Warriors, whom had finished with the best-ever regular season record in the NBA. On July 21, 2017, Collison re-signed with the Thunder to a one-year, minimum salary deal. On May 10, 2018, Collison announced his retirement from professional basketball, leaving Jeff Green and Kevin Durant as the last remaining active players who played for the Sonics. After the Sonics relocated to Oklahoma City, Collison continued to make his home in Seattle. Collison has a daughter named Emma. His younger brother, Michael, played college basketball for", "title": "Nick Collison" }, { "id": "19818940", "text": "he was signed to the team for the 2017–18 season due to the exception left in the contract with Žalgiris Kaunas. O'Neale made his NBA debut on October 21, 2017, playing a single minute in their 96–87 win against the Oklahoma City Thunder. On February 14, 2018, he scored a career-high 19 points in a home game against the Phoenix Suns. Royce O'Neale Royce Khalil O'Neale (born June 5, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for the Utah Jazz of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the University of Denver and Baylor University. O'Neale, a", "title": "Royce O'Neale" }, { "id": "4287014", "text": "play in 2005–06, was reported to take the team's vacant 15th roster spot. The deal became official when he signed a 10-day contract with the Mavericks on April 2, 2007. He appeared in five late regular season games and was on the Mavericks playoff roster as the 12th man but did not play in the Mavericks shock early first round exit. By playing five games during 2006–07, Willis became the oldest person to play more than one game in an NBA season (Providence Steamrollers coach Nat Hickey activated himself for one game in 1948, at 45 years and 363 days", "title": "Kevin Willis" }, { "id": "18010217", "text": "31 points and 12 rebounds in a 105–84 loss to the Oklahoma City Thunder. On 30 October 2017, he scored a career-high 38 points in a 116–110 win over the Denver Nuggets. Less than a week later, on 5 November, Porziņģis set a new career high with 40 points in a 108–101 win over the Indiana Pacers. He became the first player in the NBA since 1983–84 to post at least 40 points, five rebounds, five blocks and make two 3-pointers. Porziņģis was subsequently named Eastern Conference Player of the Week for games played from Monday, 30 October through Sunday,", "title": "Kristaps Porziņģis" }, { "id": "4540762", "text": "\"The Big Three,\" and are regarded as one of the greatest frontcourts in NBA history; all three players were named to the NBA's 50th Anniversary All-Time Team. After leaving the Celtics, Parish played two seasons with the Charlotte Hornets. Parish played his final season with the Chicago Bulls in 1996–97, which led to his fourth NBA title. At 43, he is the third-oldest player to ever play an NBA game, behind Nat Hickey of the Providence Steamrollers and Kevin Willis of the Dallas Mavericks. As of 2018, Parish was first on the list of National Basketball Association career games played", "title": "Robert Parish" }, { "id": "2726723", "text": "history to start a season opener at 41 years and 264 days old. Only Robert Parish (42 years and 65 days old) was an older opening-night NBA starter than Carter. On November 21, he scored 14 points off the bench in a 124–108 loss to the Toronto Raptors, thus becoming the 22nd player in NBA history to reach 25,000 career points. On December 18, 2018, Carter passed Paul Pierce on the NBA career 3-pointers list with 2,145. During the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Carter performed one of the most memorable dunks of his career when he jumped over French", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "18201546", "text": "participant at the 2016 NBA All-Star Weekend, replacing the injured Nikola Mirotić on the World Team roster. On April 10, he scored a career-high 22 points in a 100–84 win over the Denver Nuggets. On June 22, 2017, Lyles was traded, along with the draft rights to Tyler Lydon, to the Denver Nuggets in exchange for the draft rights to Donovan Mitchell. On December 2, 2017, he scored a season-high 18 points in a 115–100 win over the Los Angeles Lakers. On December 10, 2017, he scored a career-high 25 points in a 126–116 overtime loss to the Indiana Pacers.", "title": "Trey Lyles" }, { "id": "20174924", "text": "with Chicago on October 19 against the Toronto Raptors. On November 21, 2017, Blakeney scored 15 points in 18 minutes off the bench in a 113-105 loss to the Los Angeles Lakers. He won the NBA G League Rookie of the Year Award for his time with the Windy City Bulls. On July 19, 2018, Blakeney was signed to an NBA contract by the Bulls. In the season opener on October 18, 2018, Blakeney scored 15 points off the bench in a 127–108 loss to the Philadelphia 76ers. Antonio Blakeney Antonio Davon Blakeney (born October 4, 1996) is an American", "title": "Antonio Blakeney" }, { "id": "15341154", "text": "Lynx's 2011 WNBA championship. She started 33 of 34 games during the regular season, and during the playoffs led her team in points once and assists three times, the last despite playing with a knee sprain. As of 2017, she remains the oldest player in league history to win a championship. McWilliams-Franklin came back for the 2012 season. Her longevity and talent earned her the career record for offensive rebounds in August, passing Yolanda Griffith. On October 4, 2012, McWilliams-Franklin played in her 59th postseason game, the most of any player in league history. McWilliams-Franklin retired at the end of", "title": "Taj McWilliams-Franklin" }, { "id": "1833220", "text": "was selected as a frontcourt starter for the first time. Playing in his first All-Star game since 2013, Bryant had 10 points, six rebounds, and seven assists. West teammates offered to feed him the ball in an attempt to get him another All-Star MVP, but he declined. In the season finale on April 13, Bryant scored an NBA season-high 60 points against Utah in his last NBA game, outscoring the entire Jazz team 23–21 in the fourth quarter, in the Lakers' 101–96 victory. He became the oldest player to score 60 or more points in a game at 37 years", "title": "Kobe Bryant" }, { "id": "3066069", "text": "all of the first-place votes) – Ralph Sampson, David Robinson, Blake Griffin, Damian Lillard, and Karl-Anthony Towns. Patrick Ewing of Jamaica, Pau Gasol of Spain, Kyrie Irving and Ben Simmons of Australia and Andrew Wiggins of Canada are the only winners not born in the United States. Three of these individuals have dual nationality by birth—Wiggins and Simmons have American fathers, and both of Irving's parents are Americans. Ewing immigrated to the Boston area at age 11, Irving moved to the United States at age 2, and Wiggins and Simmons moved to the U.S. while in high school. Gasol is", "title": "NBA Rookie of the Year Award" }, { "id": "2726679", "text": "his first season with the Magic, he appeared in his first and so far only Conference Finals series. In December 2010, he was traded to the Phoenix Suns. He joined the defending champion Dallas Mavericks in 2011 and the Memphis Grizzlies in 2014. In 2017, he signed with the Sacramento Kings. In 2018, he signed with the Hawks. Carter is an eight-time NBA All-Star. He is one of six players in NBA history to average at least 20 points, 4 rebounds and 3 assists per game in 10 straight seasons. He is also one of six players in league history", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "3066068", "text": "award. The most recent Rookie of the Year winner is Ben Simmons. Twenty-one winners were drafted first overall. Sixteen winners have also won the NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) award in their careers; Wilt Chamberlain and Wes Unseld earning both honors the same season. Nineteen of the forty two non-active winners have been elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Three seasons had joint winners—Dave Cowens and Geoff Petrie in the , Grant Hill and Jason Kidd in the , and Elton Brand and Steve Francis in the 1999–2000 season. Five players won the award unanimously (by capturing", "title": "NBA Rookie of the Year Award" }, { "id": "3447090", "text": "have also had a large impact on the draft. These include players like Kobe Bryant, LeBron James, Kevin Garnett, Dwight Howard, Tracy McGrady and Amar'e Stoudemire. However, because of the new age requirement put in place in 2005, high school seniors are no longer eligible for the draft, unless they were declared as postgraduates by the NBA, which would not happen until 2015 with Indian prospect Satnam Singh Bhamara in the second round and again in 2016 with South Sudanese–Australian prospect Thon Maker in the first round. Foreign players have made a large impact on how teams are now drafting.", "title": "NBA draft" }, { "id": "803200", "text": "when Jared Sullinger and two second-round picks were traded for PJ Tucker. During the 2017 NBA Playoffs, the third-seeded Raptors defeated the Milwaukee Bucks during the first round 4–2, but lost to the defending champions Cavaliers in the second round 4–0. On January 1, 2018, DeMar DeRozan scored a franchise-record 52 points to help the Raptors beat the Milwaukee Bucks 131–127 in overtime, matching the team record with their 12th consecutive home victory. DeRozan became the third player in Raptors history to score 50 or more in a single game—the others being Vince Carter and Terrence Ross, who each had", "title": "Toronto Raptors" }, { "id": "1812483", "text": "trailing only Hakeem Olajuwon. After contemplating retirement and spending the first part of 2008 as an unsigned free agent, on December 31, 2008, Mutombo signed with the Houston Rockets for the remainder of the 2008–09 season. He said that the 2009 would be his \"farewell tour\" and his final season; he was the oldest player in the NBA in 2009. In Game 1 of Houston's first-round playoff series against Portland, Mutombo played for 18 minutes and had nine rebounds, two blocks, and a steal. In the 2nd quarter of Game 2, Mutombo landed awkwardly and had to be carried from", "title": "Dikembe Mutombo" }, { "id": "18128389", "text": "Suns. On January 19, 2018, he set a new season high with 33 points in a 99–86 win over the Indiana Pacers. On February 8, 2018, Clarkson was traded, along with Larry Nance Jr., to the Cleveland Cavaliers in exchange for Isaiah Thomas, Channing Frye and a 2018 first-round draft pick. In his debut for the Cavaliers three days later, Clarkson scored 17 points in a 121–99 win over the Boston Celtics. The Cavaliers reached the 2018 NBA Finals, where they were defeated in four games by the Golden State Warriors. In 2011, talks were initiated for Clarkson to play", "title": "Jordan Clarkson" }, { "id": "16623469", "text": "predicted by many sports analysts to be that year's first overall selection. In August 24, he was picked by GlobalPort Batang Pier who held the first pick. At age 27, he was also the oldest player to be picked first overall in the PBA draft until 28 year old Christian Standhardinger was drafted by the San Miguel Beermen three years later. Pringle won the 2015 Rookie of the Year award in the PBA. On June 22, 2018, he scored a career-high 50 points including 9 three-pointers in a 133–115 win against Columbian Dyip. Pringle is not eligible to play for", "title": "Stanley Pringle" }, { "id": "20718982", "text": "Drew, who would become permanent coach on November 5. The Cavaliers entered the 2018 NBA draft with the rights to the eighth overall pick, which originally belonged to the Brooklyn Nets. Cleveland acquired the pick from the Boston Celtics in the Kyrie Irving trade during the summer of 2017. The Cavaliers used the pick to acquire point guard Collin Sexton, a freshman out of the University of Alabama. On July 1, 2018, LeBron James confirmed that he would be leaving the Cavaliers and signing a four-year, $154 million contract with the Los Angeles Lakers. This marked the second time in", "title": "2018–19 Cleveland Cavaliers season" }, { "id": "18531042", "text": "attend the draft were Devin Booker, Willie Cauley-Stein, Sam Dekker, Jerian Grant, Rondae Hollis-Jefferson, Stanley Johnson, Frank Kaminsky, Kevon Looney, Trey Lyles, Emmanuel Mudiay, Jahlil Okafor, Kelly Oubre Jr., Cameron Payne, Bobby Portis, Kristaps Porziņģis, D'Angelo Russell, Karl-Anthony Towns, Myles Turner, and Justise Winslow. International prospect Mario Hezonja did not attend because he was still involved with his then-team FC Barcelona at the time. Three other players, R.J. Hunter, Tyus Jones, and Delon Wright all had invitations as well, but they declined their invitations for undisclosed reasons. Prior to the day of the draft, the following trades were made and", "title": "2015 NBA draft" }, { "id": "9297969", "text": "led the NBA. On December 10, 2018, in a 109–101 win over the Washington Wizards, Collison had 17 assists, his highest single-game total with Indiana. Collison is the son of June and Dennis Collison. His parents were elite track and field athletes. His mother represented Guyana at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. In 2011, Collison married Keyosha Sanders. Darren Collison Darren Michael Collison (born August 23, 1987) is an American professional basketball player for the Indiana Pacers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He earned NBA All-Rookie Team honors in his first season in the NBA with the", "title": "Darren Collison" }, { "id": "1304367", "text": "win over the New Orleans Pelicans the previous night. He was subsequently sidelined for one month. He returned to the action on 5 March, after missing 12 games with the injury, scoring 22 points in 15 minutes against the Sacramento Kings. On 14 July 2016, Ginóbili re-signed with the Spurs. On 9 November 2016, in a loss to the Houston Rockets, Ginóbili became the 15th second-rounder to reach 13,000 points and joined Rashard Lewis as the only second round draft picks in NBA history with 13,000 career points and at least 1,300 three-pointers. In game 5 of the 2017 Western", "title": "Manu Ginóbili" }, { "id": "13115360", "text": "injury, the Rockets could not guard Lamarcus Aldridge, who scored 34 points and grabbed 12 rebounds. On June 28, 2017, 8 time All-NBA player and 9 time All-Star Chris Paul was acquired in a trade from the Los Angeles Clippers, in exchange for Sam Dekker, Patrick Beverley, Lou Williams, DeAndre Liggins, Darrun Hilliard, Kyle Wiltjer, Montrezl Harrell, cash considerations, and a top three protected 2018 first round draft pick. It was reported on 5 September, 2017 that Houston restaurant billionaire Tilman Fertitta had reached an agreement with Rockets owner Leslie Alexander to purchase the team, pending league approval The $2.2", "title": "History of the Houston Rockets" }, { "id": "17673940", "text": "NBA game. Craig made his first career start on December 15, 2017 against the New Orleans Pelicans, scoring six points in a 117–111 overtime win. Three days later, he scored a season-high 14 points in a 95–94 loss to the Oklahoma City Thunder. On April 1, 2018, he recorded seven points and a season-high eight rebounds in a 128–125 overtime win over the Milwaukee Bucks. On July 10, 2018, Craig signed a two-year, $4 million contract with the Nuggets. Craig's son, Braylon, was born on June 4, 2014. Torrey Craig Torrey Craig (born December 19, 1990) is an American professional", "title": "Torrey Craig" }, { "id": "5343181", "text": "award. Since its inception, the award has been given to 31 different players. No player has ever won the award twice. The most recent recipient is Victor Oladipo. Boris Diaw and Kevin Love are the only award winners to win an NBA Championship. Rony Seikaly, Gheorghe Mureșan, Boris Diaw, Hedo Türkoğlu, Goran Dragić, and Giannis Antetokounmpo are the only award winners not born in the United States; all but Seikaly were also trained completely outside the U.S. (Seikaly played college basketball at Syracuse). Only Alvin Robertson, Dana Barros, Tracy McGrady, Jermaine O'Neal, Danny Granger, Kevin Love, Paul George, Jimmy Butler,", "title": "NBA Most Improved Player Award" }, { "id": "5479781", "text": "over the Philadelphia 76ers. He finished the 2015–16 season with averages of 7.3 points and 6.4 rebounds per game. On November 2, 2016, Johnson scored 23 points and hit a career-high four three-pointers in a 107–100 win over the Chicago Bulls. On July 8, 2017, Johnson signed with the Philadelphia 76ers. On June 25, 2018, he was named the winner of the NBA Hustle Award during the 2018 NBA Awards. On July 16, 2018, Johnson re-signed with the 76ers. Johnson grew up in an athletic family. His sister, Indi, played forward for Southern University's women's basketball team, while his cousins,", "title": "Amir Johnson" }, { "id": "2726714", "text": "a 117–116 triple overtime win over the San Antonio Spurs. Carter moved into 25th in all-time NBA scoring during the game, passing Robert Parish (23,334). Carter appeared in just one of the Grizzlies' first 12 games of the 2015–16 season. On February 24, 2016, with nine points scored against the Los Angeles Lakers, Carter passed Charles Barkley (23,757) for 24th in career points scored. Two days later, he scored a season-high 19 points in a 112–95 win over the Lakers. For the latter half of April and the whole first round playoff series against the Spurs, Carter was inserted in", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "20080261", "text": "Donovan Mitchell Donovan Mitchell Jr. (born September 7, 1996) is an American professional basketball player for the Utah Jazz of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Louisville Cardinals. He was selected by the Denver Nuggets with the 13th overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft and was later traded on draft night to the Utah Jazz. During his rookie season, Mitchell was named to the NBA All-Rookie First Team and won the Slam Dunk Contest. Donovan Mitchell was born on September 7, 1996 to parents Donovan Mitchell Sr. and Nicole Mitchell. His father Donovan Sr.", "title": "Donovan Mitchell" }, { "id": "20080251", "text": "Donovan Mitchell Donovan Mitchell Jr. (born September 7, 1996) is an American professional basketball player for the Utah Jazz of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Louisville Cardinals. He was selected by the Denver Nuggets with the 13th overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft and was later traded on draft night to the Utah Jazz. During his rookie season, Mitchell was named to the NBA All-Rookie First Team and won the Slam Dunk Contest. Donovan Mitchell was born on September 7, 1996 to parents Donovan Mitchell Sr. and Nicole Mitchell. His father Donovan Sr.", "title": "Donovan Mitchell" }, { "id": "20108115", "text": "legally enter into the United States. His late father, Charles, was a former Nigerian soccer player, while his mother, Veronica, was a high jumper. Charles died in September 2017, at age 54. His oldest brother, Francis, is also a professional soccer player. He is a younger brother of National Basketball Association (NBA) player Giannis, and former NBA player Thanasis. Thanasis currently plays in the EuroLeague. He is also the older brother of Alexis. As a youth, Antetokounmpo was developed by the junior clubs of Filathlitikos, in Greece; the same basketball club that also developed his older brothers Thanasis and Giannis.", "title": "Kostas Antetokounmpo" }, { "id": "19563479", "text": "altered by a trainer outside the 76ers organization months before the season, ‌and lengthy recovery time were heavily scrutinized. The team's president of basketball operations, Bryan Colangelo, suggested that the rookie might not play again during the season, but on March 26, 2018, it was announced that Fultz would return for a game against the Denver Nuggets. Despite some missteps, including an air-ball and shots blocked, Fultz posted 10 points and eight assists in 14 minutes of playing time. On April 11, at 19 years-old, he became the youngest NBA player to record a triple-double, breaking the mark previously set", "title": "Markelle Fultz" }, { "id": "5326032", "text": "third time in his career. At 36 years old, he broke his own record, set in 2014, as the oldest winner of the award. On July 8, 2016, Crawford re-signed with the Clippers. By making two of four three-pointers against the New Orleans Pelicans on December 2, 2016, Crawford (1,962) passed Vince Carter (1,961) for No. 6 on the NBA's all-time list for made three-pointers. With a three-pointer at the 2:06 mark of the second quarter in the Clippers' 118–109 loss to the Toronto Raptors on February 6, 2017, Crawford became the sixth NBA player to reach 2,000 made three-pointers.", "title": "Jamal Crawford" }, { "id": "16992886", "text": "had a season-best game with 23 points, nine rebounds and six assists as a starter in a 121–117 loss to the Houston Rockets. On July 7, 2017, Carter-Williams signed with the Charlotte Hornets. On March 9, 2018, he was ruled out for the rest of the season with a posterior labral tear in his left shoulder. On July 6, 2018, Carter-Williams signed with the Houston Rockets. On December 19, 2018, in a 136–118 win over the Washington Wizards, Carter-Williams hit a 3-pointer late in the fourth quarter to give the Rockets an NBA-record 26th 3-pointer for the game. Carter-Williams is", "title": "Michael Carter-Williams" }, { "id": "295972", "text": "National Basketball Association The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a men's professional basketball league in North America; composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada). It is widely considered to be the premier men's professional basketball league in the world. The NBA is an active member of USA Basketball (USAB), which is recognized by FIBA (also known as the International Basketball Federation) as the national governing body for basketball in the United States. The NBA is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. NBA players are the world's", "title": "National Basketball Association" }, { "id": "1811554", "text": "with Miami after four seasons to re-sign with the Cavaliers. In 2016, James led the Cavaliers to their first NBA championship by defeating the Golden State Warriors to end Cleveland's 52-year professional sports title drought. In 2018, he opted out of his Cleveland contract to sign with the Lakers. James was born on December 30, 1984, in Akron, Ohio to a 16-year-old mother, Gloria Marie James. His father, Anthony McClelland, has an extensive criminal record and was not involved in their life. When James was growing up, life was often a struggle for the family, as they moved from apartment", "title": "LeBron James" }, { "id": "5177330", "text": "the oldest player at the tournament, but he averaged just 0.5 points, 2.8 rebounds and 1.5 assists in four games. On January 29, 2016, Bogans was acquired by the Westchester Knicks of the NBA Development League. He made his debut for Westchester later that night in a 128–117 loss to the Sioux Falls Skyforce, recording two rebounds in 12 minutes. On October 23, 2017, he was hired by the Westchester Knicks to be an assistant coach. Keith Bogans Keith Ramon Bogans (born May 12, 1980) is an American former basketball player currently working as an assistant coach for the Westchester", "title": "Keith Bogans" }, { "id": "9808068", "text": "the rights to Kyle Kuzma (the 27th pick in the 2017 NBA draft), to the Los Angeles Lakers in exchange for D'Angelo Russell and Timofey Mozgov. In his debut for the Lakers in their season opener on October 19, 2017, Lopez scored 20 points in a 108–92 loss to the Los Angeles Clippers. On November 3, 2017, he hit six 3-pointers and scored a season-high 34 points in a 124–112 win over his former team, the Brooklyn Nets. He missed eight games between December 20 and January 1 with a right ankle injury. On July 17, 2018, Lopez signed with", "title": "Brook Lopez" }, { "id": "4315868", "text": "games, marking the longest stretch between 30-point games in NBA history. The Cavaliers returned to the NBA Finals in 2018, where they lost 4–0 to the Warriors. On October 30, 2018, in a 136–114 win over the Atlanta Hawks, Korver reached 11,000 career points. On November 29, 2018, Korver was traded to the Utah Jazz in exchange for Alec Burks and two future second-round draft picks. Korver has three brothers, Klayton, Kaleb and Kirk (1990–2018), all of whom have played Division I basketball. Klayton was a guard/forward for the Drake Bulldogs; Kaleb was a guard for the Creighton Bluejays; and", "title": "Kyle Korver" }, { "id": "12413342", "text": "games, averaging 22.4 points, 4.9 rebounds, 3.4 assists and 1.4 steals per game. On May 18, 2017, DeRozan was named in the All-NBA Third Team for the first time in his career. On November 3, 2017, DeRozan scored 37 points in a 109–100 win over the Utah Jazz, with 17 points and his third career four-point play coming in the third quarter. On December 13, 2017, he matched his season high with 37 points in a 115–109 win over the Phoenix Suns. On December 21, 2017, he set a career high with 45 points in a 114–109 win over the", "title": "DeMar DeRozan" }, { "id": "18865569", "text": "On February 16, 2018 Briscoe scored 50 points as he took home MVP honors at the Estonia/Latvia All Star Game. On June 9, 2018, Briscoe won the VTB United League Young Player of the Year award, given to the league's best player under age 23. In the 2017-18 season Briscoe averaged 18.5 points, 3.4 rebounds, 4.2 assists, and 1.6 steals in 26.7 minutes per game. On July 6, 2018, Briscoe signed with the Orlando Magic. Isaiah Briscoe Isaiah Briscoe (born April 13, 1996) is an American professional basketball player for the Orlando Magic of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He", "title": "Isaiah Briscoe" }, { "id": "15576434", "text": "the Cleveland Cavaliers. On February 24, 2017, he scored 40 points in a 120–112 loss to the Philadelphia 76ers, recording his fourth 40-point game of the season. On March 29, 2017, he scored 27 points in a 133–124 loss to the Los Angeles Clippers. During the game, Beal surpassed Gilbert Arenas for the franchise single-season three-point record. He made five against the Clippers to finish with 209 by the end of the game—Arenas had 205 in 2004–05 and 2006–07. Beal joined Kevin Durant and Vince Carter as the only three players in NBA history, 23 years old or younger, to", "title": "Bradley Beal" }, { "id": "15576436", "text": "Beal scored a then season-high 40 points in a 122–116 loss to the Phoenix Suns. On November 20, 2017, in a 99–88 win over the Milwaukee Bucks, Beal scored 23 points and became the youngest player in NBA history to reach 700 made 3-pointers. On December 5, 2017, he scored a career-high 51 points in a 106–92 win over the Portland Trail Blazers. He hit five 3-pointers and made a career-high 21 field goals. On December 31, 2017, Beal scored 17 of his 39 points in the fourth quarter to lead Washington to a 114–110 win over the Chicago Bulls.", "title": "Bradley Beal" }, { "id": "18564841", "text": "On November 26, 2017, Grant scored a career-high 24 points in a 100–93 loss to the Miami Heat. On December 29, 2017, he had 11 points, 12 assists and seven rebounds as a starter in a 119–107 win over the Indiana Pacers. On January 22, 2018, he had 22 points and 13 assists in a 132–128 double overtime loss to the New Orleans Pelicans. On July 7, 2018, Grant was traded to the Orlando Magic in a three-team deal. Jerian Grant is the son of former National Basketball Association (NBA) player Harvey Grant. He has two brothers who play basketball", "title": "Jerian Grant" }, { "id": "12852943", "text": "in 10 attempts in a 123–95 win over the Memphis Grizzlies. On November 12, 2018, Moore scored a season-high 30 points in a 126–110 win over the Toronto Raptors. He then scored 31 points on November 14 against Minnesota. Moore was born in East Chicago, Indiana to parents Ezell and Edna Moore. He has a brother, Ezell and a sister, Ekeisha. E'Twaun Moore E'Twaun Donte Moore (born February 25, 1989) is an American professional basketball player for the New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was drafted by the Boston Celtics in the 2011 NBA draft and", "title": "E'Twaun Moore" }, { "id": "2674558", "text": "and league records during his time with the Magic, and in 2009, he led the team to the NBA Finals. In 2012, after eight seasons with Orlando, Howard was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers. After one season with the Lakers, he joined the Houston Rockets, where he spent three seasons. One-season stints followed with the Atlanta Hawks and Charlotte Hornets before he joined the Wizards in July 2018. Howard was born in Atlanta, to Dwight Sr. and Sheryl Howard, and into a family with strong athletic connections. His father is a Georgia State Trooper and serves as Athletic Director", "title": "Dwight Howard" }, { "id": "1833139", "text": "the All-Star Game, and he would continue to be selected to start that game for a record 18 consecutive appearances until his retirement. His four All-Star MVP Awards are tied for the most in NBA history. At the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, he won gold medals as a member of the U.S. national team. \"Sporting News\" and TNT named Bryant the top NBA player of the 2000s. In 2018, Bryant won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for his film \"Dear Basketball\". Bryant was born in 1978 in Philadelphia; he was the youngest of three children and", "title": "Kobe Bryant" }, { "id": "13208908", "text": "for longest NBA losing streak. Sixers point guard Michael Carter-Williams won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award in 2014, and credited Brown for helping him win the award and grow as a player. On December 11, 2015, the 76ers signed Brown to a contract extension. On May 31, 2018, the 76ers signed Brown to another contract extension, coming off their first playoff appearance since 2012. In the aftermath of the Bryan Colangelo Twitter fiasco, Brown would also be named the interim President of Basketball Operations for the team on June 7, 2018. ! align=\"center\" colspan=\"2\"\|Total ! 410\|\|127\|\|283\|\|\|\| \|\|10\|\|5\|\|5\|\|\|\| !", "title": "Brett Brown" }, { "id": "11747097", "text": "couple's first child, a boy named Noah Russell Westbrook, was born on May 16, 2017. The couple welcomed twin daughters on November 17, 2018. Russell Westbrook Russell Westbrook III (born November 12, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is a seven-time NBA All-Star, and a two-time NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player, winning consecutive awards in 2015 and 2016. He is also a seven-time All-NBA Team member and led the league in scoring in 2014–15 and 2016–17. In 2017, Westbrook became one of two players in NBA", "title": "Russell Westbrook" }, { "id": "4273185", "text": "at forty; Shaquille O'Neal, who was recovering from a knee injury; and Jerry West, who was scheduled to have surgery for an ear infection and could not fly. At the time of the announcement, eleven players were active; all have subsequently retired. O'Neal was the last to be active in the NBA, retiring at the end of the . The list was made through unranked voting completed by fifty selected panelists. Sixteen of the panelists were former players voting in their roles as players, thirteen were members of the print and broadcast news media, and twenty-one were team representatives: contemporary", "title": "50 Greatest Players in NBA History" }, { "id": "20286641", "text": "2008-09 season. He won the inaugural Naismith Defensive Player of the Year award. On June 21, 2018, Carter was drafted by the Memphis Grizzlies with the 32nd overall pick in the 2018 NBA draft. On July 12, 2018, the Memphis Grizzlies announced that they had officially signed with Carter. During his rookie season, he has had multiple assignments to the Memphis Hustle, the Grizzlies' G League affiliate. Carter made his NBA debut on December 15, 2018, coming off the bench in a 97–105 loss to the Houston Rockets with eleven points, two steals, a rebound and a block. On August", "title": "Jevon Carter" }, { "id": "17036443", "text": "rebounds in a 112–93 win over the Lakers. On March 25, he scored a then career-high 26 points in a 116–94 win over the Phoenix Suns. At the season's end, he earned NBA All-Rookie Second Team honors. On February 23, 2017, following the DeMarcus Cousins trade, Cauley-Stein was given extended minutes off the bench and came through with a career-high 29 points and 10 rebounds to help the Kings defeat the Denver Nuggets 116–100. On January 6, 2018, Cauley-Stein recorded a career-best seven steals in a 106–98 win over the Denver Nuggets. On October 29, 2018, Cauley-Stein scored 26 points", "title": "Willie Cauley-Stein" }, { "id": "4226537", "text": "Robert Horry Robert Keith Horry (; born August 25, 1970) is an American retired basketball player and current sports commentator. He played 16 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA), winning seven championships, the most of any player not to have played on the 1960s Boston Celtics. He is one of only two players (the other is John Salley) to have won NBA championships with three teams: two with the Houston Rockets, three with the Los Angeles Lakers and two with the San Antonio Spurs. He earned the nickname Big Shot Bob or Rob because of his clutch shooting in", "title": "Robert Horry" }, { "id": "17698828", "text": "On October 30, 2018, he scored a season-high 26 points, helping the Cavaliers end their six-game losing streak to start the season with a 136–114 win over the Atlanta Hawks. On January 3, 2016, Hood's fiancée, Richa Jackson, gave birth to the couple's first child, a son named Rodney Jr. Rodney Hood Rodney Michael Hood (born October 20, 1992) is an American professional basketball player for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Mississippi State University and Duke University. Hood attended Meridian High School in Meridian, Mississippi. As a junior, he averaged 22.1", "title": "Rodney Hood" }, { "id": "4960608", "text": "Cavaliers made it to the 2018 NBA Finals, where they lost 4–0 to the Golden State Warriors. Perkins was waived by the Cavaliers on July 17, 2018. Perkins is a practicing Roman Catholic. He was an altar boy in his youth, though it was often problematic to find an alb to fit him due to his height. His son was born on September 10, 2007. On July 25, 2009, Perkins married his longtime girlfriend, Vanity Alpough. Perkins' cousin, Ethan Rusbatch, is a New Zealander who plays in the New Zealand NBL. On October 10, 2013, Perkins posted a $1,000 bond", "title": "Kendrick Perkins" }, { "id": "8288425", "text": "eight players; Indiana Pacers, seven players; San Antonio Spurs (having also competed as the Texas and Dallas Chaparrals), six players; Denver Nuggets (having also competed as the Denver Rockets), five players; and Spirits of St. Louis (having also competed as the Carolina Cougars and Houston Mavericks), five players. Five players elected to the first team—Rick Barry, Billy Cunningham, Julius Erving, George Gervin, and Moses Malone—were named one year earlier to the NBA's 50 Greatest Players list. Ninety-eight players received at least one vote. In addition to those who were selected, twelve players earned votes from at least twenty-five percent (12.5)", "title": "ABA All-Time Team" }, { "id": "17829341", "text": "the Memphis Grizzlies. After missing the first 8 games after the 2018 NBA All-Star Weekend, Ulis had extended playing time on March 10, 2018 when T. J. Warren, Booker and Josh Jackson were all sidelined, recording a double-double of 11 points and 10 assists in a 122–115 loss to the Charlotte Hornets. On March 26, he scored a season-high 19 points in a 102–94 loss to the Boston Celtics. He had a 23-point effort two days later against the Los Angeles Clippers. On June 30, 2018, Ulis was waived by the Suns. He later signed with the Golden State Warriors", "title": "Tyler Ulis" }, { "id": "19467100", "text": "on 3-pointers in the first half, the most 3s made in the playoffs without a miss by a Spurs player since Steve Kerr (2003) and Patty Mills (2014) were 4 for 4 in a half. At the season's end, he earned NBA All-Defensive Second Team honors, becoming the youngest player in NBA history to be named All-Defense. On October 7, 2018, Murray suffered a torn right anterior cruciate ligament in a preseason game against the Houston Rockets. Dejounte Murray Dejounte Dashaun Murray (born September 19, 1996) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National", "title": "Dejounte Murray" }, { "id": "8171847", "text": "15, he recorded his 11th career triple-double, and second of the season, with 10 points, 10 rebounds and 12 assists in a 120–87 win over the Brooklyn Nets. On January 20, 2018, he scored a season-high 40 points on 14-for-25 shooting, including 6 of 10 from behind the arc, in a 115–109 loss to the Minnesota Timberwolves. Three days later, he was selected as a reserve for the 2018 NBA All-Star Game, marking his fourth consecutive All-Star selection. On February 8, 2018, in a 113–88 win over the New York Knicks, Lowry passed 11,000 career points. On March 23, 2018,", "title": "Kyle Lowry" }, { "id": "3543298", "text": "for Enes Kanter, Doug McDermott and a 2018 second-round pick. During Anthony's seven seasons with the Knicks, the team won one playoff series. On November 9, 2017, with only 12 points needed to move up in the rankings, Anthony passed Allen Iverson on the NBA all-time scoring list and moved to the 24th spot. He finished the game with 28 points. On November 26, 2017, Anthony passed Ray Allen on the NBA all-time scoring list and moved to 23rd place. On December 11, 2017, Anthony passed Vince Carter for 22nd on the NBA all-time scoring list. On January 4, 2018,", "title": "Carmelo Anthony" }, { "id": "20068470", "text": "August 9, 2017, the NBA announced that the Brooklyn Nets would play two regular season games at Mexico City Arena in Mexico City, Mexico. On December 7, 2017, the Nets played against the Oklahoma City Thunder and on December 9, 2017, they matched up against the Miami Heat. The Nets prevailed 100–95 over the Thunder in their first game, but lost to the Heat 101–89 in their second game. On August 10, 2017, the NBA announced that the Philadelphia 76ers would play the Boston Celtics at The O2 Arena in London, United Kingdom on January 11, 2018. The Celtics won", "title": "2017–18 NBA season" }, { "id": "19411875", "text": "in the first round along with Ike Anigbogu in the second round. Grace's former recruits and players who have played in the NBA as of 2018 include Lonzo Ball, T.J. Leaf, Ike Anigbogu, Travis Wear, Kevon Looney, Jerryd Bayless, Zach LaVine, Eric Moreland, Jared Cunningham, Kyle Anderson, Jordan Adams, Norman Powell, and Lou Amundsen. Shortly before the Final Four of the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, Grace was informed that he would not be retained by UCLA, being replaced by Murry Bartow. After being told he would not be retained by UCLA after his contract expired in June", "title": "David Grace (basketball)" }, { "id": "2726718", "text": "ahead of Jason Kidd and into fifth on the all-time list. On February 1, in a game against the Denver Nuggets, Carter hit his 2,000th career three-pointer, making him only the fifth player to ever reach that mark. On February 6 against San Antonio, Carter joined Karl Malone, Dikembe Mutombo, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Robert Parish as the only 40-year old players to record at least four blocks in a game. On February 15, in a game against the New Orleans Pelicans, Carter passed Allen Iverson for 23rd on the NBA all-time scoring list. On March 13, Carter made his first", "title": "Vince Carter" }, { "id": "20170786", "text": "after 16 seasons, all with the Spurs. Ginobili was the second-oldest active player in the league at the time of his retirement, behind only the Atlanta Hawks' Vince Carter. This marked the official end of the Spurs' \"Big Three\" era. The trio helped the Spurs win 4 championships, their latest being in 2014. 2017–18 San Antonio Spurs season The 2017–18 San Antonio Spurs season was the 51st season of the franchise, 42nd in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and 45th in the San Antonio area. On March 10, 2018, the Spurs finished with a losing season on the road for", "title": "2017–18 San Antonio Spurs season" }, { "id": "804367", "text": "and 28th pick in the draft, as well as the rights to Serbian guard Bogdan Bogdanović. Later in the evening, the Kings traded Marco Belinelli to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for the 22nd pick in the draft. The Kings selected four players in the 2016 NBA draft – Greek center Georgios Papagiannis with the 13th pick, Syracuse shooting guard Malachi Richardson with the 22nd pick, Kentucky forward Skal Labissiere with the 28th pick, and Oklahoma guard Isaiah Cousins with the 59th pick. In free agency, the Kings signed Anthony Tolliver, Garrett Temple, Arron Afflalo, Matt Barnes, and Ty Lawson.", "title": "Sacramento Kings" }, { "id": "20165914", "text": "Star point guard Mike Conley Jr. also missed all but 12 games due to injury. It was their first 60+ losing record since 2007–08, and also their first season since 2008–09 without Zach Randolph, as he signed with the Sacramento Kings via free agency on July 2017. The signing reunited him with Grizzlies teammate Vince Carter, who also signed with them the same day. Randolph led the Grizzlies to seven playoff appearances and one Conference Finals appearance (2013). The Grizzlies originally did not have a pick in the 2017 NBA Draft, but they did acquire the Orlando Magic's 35th pick", "title": "2017–18 Memphis Grizzlies season" }, { "id": "3543286", "text": "the Knicks' franchise record, and the Madison Square Garden record for single-game scoring with a 62-point, 13-rebound, 0 turnover effort against the Charlotte Bobcats. On January 30, 2014, in a 117-86 victory against the Cleveland Cavaliers, Anthony became the 50th NBA player to score 19,000 career points. In doing so at the age of 29 years and 246 days old, Anthony became the 5th-youngest NBA player to achieve the feat, only beaten by LeBron James (27 years and 111 days), Kobe Bryant (28 and 223), Michael Jordan (29 and 62) and Wilt Chamberlain (29 and 75). On February 5, 2014,", "title": "Carmelo Anthony" }, { "id": "15578540", "text": "defeated the Atlanta Hawks 114–107 in Game 1 of their first-round series. On September 22, 2017, Morris was ruled out for six to eight weeks after undergoing surgery to repair a sports hernia. On March 13, 2018, he scored a season-high 27 points in a 116–111 loss to the Minnesota Timberwolves. Morris' identical twin brother Marcus was selected 14th overall by the Houston Rockets in the 2011 NBA draft. Markieff is seven minutes older than Marcus. His nickname is \"Keef\". On January 24, 2015, both Markieff and Marcus Morris found themselves involved with two aggravated assault cases as five different", "title": "Markieff Morris" }, { "id": "10037969", "text": "overtime win over the Charlotte Hornets. On April 1 against the Los Angeles Lakers, Griffin reached 10,000 career points. He became the second player in franchise history to reach that mark, joining Randy Smith, who scored 10,467 of his club-record 12,735 points when the team was known as the Buffalo Braves. On April 22, 2017, Griffin was ruled out for the remainder of the 2017 NBA Playoffs with an injury to the plantar plate of his right big toe suffered during the Clippers' 111–106 win over the Utah Jazz in Game 3 of their Western Conference First Round Playoff series", "title": "Blake Griffin" }, { "id": "802686", "text": "on a three-year, $70 million contract with the Hawks. The Hawks finished the season with a 43–39 record, good enough for the fifth seed. Unfortunately, they lost in the First Round to the Washington Wizards in six games. On June 20, 2017, Howard was traded, along with the 31st overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft, to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Marco Bellinelli, Miles Plumlee, and the 41st overall pick in the same draft. Two days later, the Hawks selected Wake Forest power forward John Collins with the 19th overall pick. On July 13, 2017, Paul Millsap left", "title": "Atlanta Hawks" }, { "id": "16588429", "text": "Nuggets. On October 20, 2018, in just the second game of the season, Barton injured his right hip on a reverse layup in the third quarter of Denver's 119–91 win over the Phoenix Suns. He was subsequently ruled out for five to six weeks after undergoing surgery on October 23. Will Barton William Norman Barton (born January 6, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Memphis, where he won the Conference USA Player of the Year in 2012. He was selected with the 40th pick", "title": "Will Barton" }, { "id": "20222071", "text": "loss to Oregon on March 11, 2017. After finishing his senior year at California, Bird was selected with the 56th pick of the 2017 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics. On September 5, 2017, Bird was signed to a two-way contract by the Celtics. Under the terms of the deal, he split time between the Celtics and their G-League affiliate, the Maine Red Claws. Bird made his professional debut on October 20, 2017 against the Philadelphia 76ers. He played 13 minutes and scored 3 points in a 108–98 win over the 76ers. On February 2, 2018, Bird and teammate Kadeem", "title": "Jabari Bird" }, { "id": "11881103", "text": "season opener resulted in a record-breaking debut for rookie guard Alexis Hornbuckle. Hornbuckle set a Shock record with seven steals to help the Shock beat the Houston Comets on May 17. Deanna Nolan scored a franchise-record 44 points (28 in the fourth quarter and overtime) in a 98-93 victory over the Minnesota Lynx on June 20. In July, the Detroit Shock signed Nancy Lieberman to a 7-day contract. The 50-year-old Lieberman broke her own record for being the oldest player in the WNBA. Lieberman, a Hall of Famer since 1999, was 39 years old when she played with Phoenix during", "title": "2008 Detroit Shock season" }, { "id": "3543300", "text": "a total of 25,210 as compared to West's 25,192 total points. On March 19, 2018, in a 132-125 victory over the Toronto Raptors, Anthony scored 15 points to up his career total to 25,289 thereby moving past Reggie Miller into 19th place in the NBA career scoring ladder. On July 25, 2018, the Thunder traded Anthony to the Atlanta Hawks in a three-team trade in which they acquired Dennis Schröder from the Hawks and Timothé Luwawu-Cabarrot from the Philadelphia 76ers. The trade was widely seen as a cost-cutting move, as it saved the Thunder tens of millions of dollars in", "title": "Carmelo Anthony" }, { "id": "7524277", "text": "a career-high 25 assists in a 128–113 win over the Brooklyn Nets. He broke Chris Paul's mark with his 22nd assist and became just the seventh player in NBA history to reach 25 assists in a game, joining Scott Skiles, John Stockton, Jason Kidd, Kevin Johnson, Nate McMillan and Isiah Thomas. On January 8, 2018, Rondo had 12 points and 15 assists in a 112–109 win over the Detroit Pistons. He had nine of his assists in the first quarter, tying a franchise record. On February 10, 2018, he recorded 25 points, 12 assists and 10 rebounds in a 138–128", "title": "Rajon Rondo" }, { "id": "13294209", "text": "in a 132–128 double overtime win over the Chicago Bulls. He became the first NBA player since Hall of Famer Kareem Abdul-Jabbar in 1972 to have as many as 40 points, 20 rebounds and 10 assists in a game. It was also just the 10th 40-point, 20-rebound, 10-assist game in NBA history. On January 26, 2018, he had 15 points, 13 rebounds and 11 assists before injuring his left Achilles in the final seconds of the Pelicans' 115–113 win over the Houston Rockets. Following the game, he was diagnosed with a torn left Achilles, and on January 31, he underwent", "title": "DeMarcus Cousins" }, { "id": "3174061", "text": "of first-place votes, wins the award. Since its inception, the award has been given to 21 different players. Dikembe Mutombo and Ben Wallace have each won the award a record four times. Dwight Howard is the only player to have won the award in three consecutive seasons. Sidney Moncrief, Mark Eaton, Dennis Rodman, Hakeem Olajuwon, Alonzo Mourning, and Kawhi Leonard have each won it twice. The most recent award recipient is Rudy Gobert of the Utah Jazz. Although five of the first six winners were perimeter players, the award has traditionally been given to big men who rebound and block", "title": "NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award" }, { "id": "3543290", "text": "NBA history to reach the milestone just behind LeBron James (28 years, 17 days), Kobe Bryant (29 years, 122 days), Wilt Chamberlain (29 years, 134 days), Michael Jordan (29 years, 326 days) and Oscar Robertson (30 years, 97 days). Anthony accomplished this at the age of 30 years and 157 days and in a total of 793 NBA games, tied for 15th all-time in number of games needed to score at least 20,000 points. On January 22, 2015, Anthony was named as a starter in the 2015 NBA All-Star Game, his seventh consecutive start and eight overall alongside LeBron James,", "title": "Carmelo Anthony" }, { "id": "12871793", "text": "winners have been inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame: Tkachenko, Sabonis, Petrović, Dražen Dalipagić, Dino Meneghin, Dragan Kićanović and Nikos Galis. Sabonis, Petrović, Dalipagić, Galis and Meneghin are also in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. One pair of brothers have each won the award: the Spaniards Pau and Marc Gasol. As of the 2018–19 basketball season, the Gasols, Tony Parker, Goran Dragić and Nowitzki are the only award winners still active in the NBA. , Nowitzki is also the only player to win the Euroscar Award and the NBA Most Valuable Player Award, albeit in different seasons.", "title": "Euroscar" }, { "id": "17698827", "text": "beat the Dallas Mavericks 104–89. On November 18, 2017, he set a new season high with 31 points off the bench in a 125–85 win over the Orlando Magic. On February 8, 2018, Hood was acquired by the Cleveland Cavaliers in a three-team trade that also involved the Jazz and the Sacramento Kings. In his debut for the Cavaliers three days later, Hood scored 15 points in a 121–99 win over the Boston Celtics. The Cavaliers made it to the 2018 NBA Finals, but lost 4–0 to the Golden State Warriors. On September 10, 2018, Hood re-signed with the Cavaliers.", "title": "Rodney Hood" }, { "id": "3037958", "text": "Bart Starr, two-time Super Bowl MVP, was the 200th overall pick in 1956 due to concern about back injury problems. In the NBA, Manu Ginóbili, a key contributor to four San Antonio Spurs championships in the 21st century and centerpiece of Argentina's Olympic gold medal team in 2004, was the next-to-last pick in the 1999 draft. Another notable draft steal was Isaiah Thomas, selected as the 60th and last pick in 2011 but emerging as an All-Star in 2017. Draymond Green was selected as the 35th pick of the 2012 NBA draft then helped the Golden State Warriors win the", "title": "Draft (sports)" }, { "id": "5425740", "text": "he made seven against Orlando. On March 30, Green hit a buzzer-beating three-pointer to snatch a win against the Phoenix Suns. On July 10, 2018, Green re-signed with the Rockets. Green's second cousin is Toronto Raptors shooting guard Danny Green. He also has a younger brother, Garlon, who is also a professional basketball player. He formerly played for TCU before going to play in Europe. Gerald Green Gerald Green (born January 26, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was drafted by the Boston Celtics with the 18th overall", "title": "Gerald Green" } ]	who is the oldest player currently playing in the nba
[ "2014" ]	[ { "id": "14822559", "text": "including the following: 2013 NFL season The 2013 NFL season was the 94th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season saw the Seattle Seahawks capture the first championship in the franchise's 38 years in the league with a lopsided 43-8 victory over the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XLVIII, the league's championship game. The Super Bowl was played at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey on Sunday, February 2, 2014. It was the first Super Bowl hosted by New Jersey and the first to be held outdoors in a cold weather environment. The Seahawks", "title": "2013 NFL season" }, { "id": "14822496", "text": "2013 NFL season The 2013 NFL season was the 94th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season saw the Seattle Seahawks capture the first championship in the franchise's 38 years in the league with a lopsided 43-8 victory over the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XLVIII, the league's championship game. The Super Bowl was played at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey on Sunday, February 2, 2014. It was the first Super Bowl hosted by New Jersey and the first to be held outdoors in a cold weather environment. The Seahawks scored 12 seconds", "title": "2013 NFL season" }, { "id": "385659", "text": "play in the Pro Bowl, as the Seahawks defeated the New Orleans Saints 23–15 and the San Francisco 49ers 23–17, in the playoffs to advance to Super Bowl XLVIII against the Denver Broncos. On February 2, 2014, the Seahawks won the franchise's first Super Bowl Championship, defeating Denver 43–8. The Seahawks' defense performance in 2013 was acclaimed as one of the best in the Super Bowl era. The following season, Seattle advanced to Super Bowl XLIX, their second consecutive Super Bowl, but they were dethroned of their title by the New England Patriots by a score of 28–24. They got", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "10286810", "text": "three times: 2005, 2013 and 2014. The team played in the Kingdome until it was imploded in 2000 and moved into Qwest Field (now CenturyLink Field) at the same site in 2003. The Seahawks lost Super Bowl XL in 2005 to the Pittsburgh Steelers in Detroit, but won Super Bowl XLVIII in 2013 by defeating the Denver Broncos 43–8 at MetLife Stadium. The team advanced to the Super Bowl the following year, but lost to the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX on a last-minute play. Seahawks fans have set stadium noise records on several occasions and are collectively", "title": "Seattle" }, { "id": "385680", "text": "reached the playoffs in 16 separate seasons, including in the 2005 season when they lost Super Bowl XL to the Pittsburgh Steelers, the 2013 season when they defeated the Denver Broncos to win Super Bowl XLVIII, and the 2014 season when they lost Super Bowl XLIX to the New England Patriots. In the 2010 season, the Seahawks became the first team in NFL history to earn a spot in the playoffs with a losing record (7–9, .438) in a full season; this was by virtue of winning the division. The Seahawks would go on to defeat the reigning Super Bowl", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "7141011", "text": "the Seahawks and the fifth Super Bowl loss for the Broncos, tied with the New England Patriots for the most of any team. The game was played on February 2, 2014 at MetLife Stadium at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, the first Super Bowl played outdoors in a cold-weather city and the first Super Bowl to be played on February 2. This marked the third time the number one seed from each conference met in the league championship, joining Super Bowl XXVIII (1994) and Super Bowl XLIV (2010). The Seahawks posted a 13–3 record and were", "title": "Super Bowl XLVIII" }, { "id": "12304556", "text": "Super Bowl XLIX Super Bowl XLIX was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2014 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks, 28–24, to earn their fourth Super Bowl title and their first in ten years. The game was played on February 1, 2015 at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona. It was the second time the stadium has hosted a Super Bowl, and the third one held in the Phoenix metropolitan area. With the loss, the", "title": "Super Bowl XLIX" }, { "id": "2978682", "text": "Divisional Round of the playoffs by a score of 23-15. In the NFC Championship Game, cornerback Richard Sherman tipped a Colin Kaepernick pass into the waiting arms of Malcolm Smith to secure a 23-17 win over the 49ers. On February 2, 2014, Carroll led the Seattle Seahawks to their first Super Bowl win in franchise history after defeating the Denver Broncos, 43–8, in Super Bowl XLVIII. Carroll joined Barry Switzer and Jimmy Johnson as the only coaches to win both an NCAA championship and a Super Bowl. At age 62, Carroll was the third-oldest coach to win a Super Bowl.", "title": "Pete Carroll" }, { "id": "12304557", "text": "Seahawks became the fourth defending Super Bowl champions to lose in the following year's title game, after the 1978 Dallas Cowboys, 1983 Washington Redskins and the 1997 Green Bay Packers. After finishing the previous season by defeating the Denver Broncos, 43–8, in Super Bowl XLVIII, Seattle completed the 2014 regular season with a 12–4 record. The Patriots, who also posted a 12–4 record, joined the Dallas Cowboys and Pittsburgh Steelers as one of the three teams to have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl. For the second straight season, but only the third time in the prior 21 seasons,", "title": "Super Bowl XLIX" }, { "id": "9869659", "text": "the first time in the team's history. They were the NFC representative in Super Bowl XL, a game they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers. The Seahawks compiled a 13-3 record in the regular season, easily winning the NFC West and clinching home field advantage in the NFC playoffs. There, they beat the Washington Redskins and Carolina Panthers to win the George Halas Trophy and advance to the Super Bowl, the first in franchise history. Seattle fell short in its bid for its first NFL title, losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers at Super Bowl XL in Detroit, Michigan on February 5,", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "16977723", "text": "2013 Seattle Seahawks season The 2013 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 38th season in the National Football League, and the fourth under head coach Pete Carroll. With the Seahawks 10th win only eleven weeks into the season, the team secured double digit victories in consecutive seasons for the first time in franchise history. Their 13–3 regular season record is tied with the 2005 season for the best in franchise history. Seattle's defense in 2013 is regarded by many to be among the best ever in NFL history. Seattle entered the 2013 season at 17/2 odds to win Super Bowl", "title": "2013 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "14903042", "text": "the Seahawks secured the top playoff seed in the NFC with a conference-best 13-3 record. After a bye week, Seattle defeated the New Orleans Saints in the playoffs. The Seahawks then beat the San Francisco 49ers in the NFC Championship Game to advance to Super Bowl XLVIII. On February 2, 2014, Maragos and the Seahawks defeated the Denver Broncos 43–8 in the third-most lopsided Super Bowl in history. It was the most-watched program in the history of American television. On March 12, 2014, Maragos signed a three-year, $4 million contract with the Philadelphia Eagles. On December 6, 2015, his blocked", "title": "Chris Maragos" }, { "id": "16977755", "text": "Buffalo Bills to not have any players on the roster have experience in a Super Bowl. It was Seattle's first major championship in 35 years since the 1979 Seattle SuperSonics. Linebacker Malcolm Smith would end up earning the Super Bowl MVP award for his 69-yard interception, 1 fumble recovery, and 6 tackles. 2013 Seattle Seahawks season The 2013 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 38th season in the National Football League, and the fourth under head coach Pete Carroll. With the Seahawks 10th win only eleven weeks into the season, the team secured double digit victories in consecutive seasons for", "title": "2013 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "17736238", "text": "to Doug Baldwin, and the second a touchdown pass from Wilson to Jermaine Kearse to win the game 28-22. With the win, the Seahawks became the first defending champion to return to the Super Bowl since the 2004 Patriots. Additionally, they ended the Packers' season the same way it began, as they lost to the Seahawks at CenturyLink Field in the Kickoff Game. 2014 Seattle Seahawks season The 2014 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 39th season in the National Football League and the fifth under head coach Pete Carroll. The Seahawks started the season as the defending Super Bowl", "title": "2014 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "394658", "text": "and dominate Dallas' young defense. Finally, Jimmy Johnson was looking to become the first head coach to win a college football national championship (University of Miami in 1987) and a Super Bowl. As of today, Johnson, Cowboys' successor Barry Switzer, and current Seattle Seahawks head coach Pete Carroll remain the only coaches ever to achieve this goal. This became last of five Super Bowl games played at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena. Two other Super Bowl games were played nearby at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. As previously mentioned, this would be the seventh and final (to date) Super Bowl", "title": "Super Bowl XXVII" }, { "id": "17736231", "text": "conference champions, the first NFC team since the 1997 Green Bay Packers to repeat as NFC Champions, the first team to go to consecutive Super Bowls as the #1 seed in the playoffs since the 1990–1991 Buffalo Bills, and the first NFC team to go to consecutive Super Bowls as the #1 seed in the playoffs since the 1982–1983 Washington Redskins. In Super Bowl XLIX, the Seahawks were defeated by the Patriots 28–24, thereby being dethroned and failing to become the first repeat champion since the 2004 New England Patriots. Notes The Seahawks started their 2014 season at home against", "title": "2014 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "9869705", "text": "Buffalo Bills, and the first NFC team to go to consecutive Super Bowls as the #1 seed in the playoffs since the 1982–1983 Washington Redskins. On Sunday, February 1, 2015, in Super Bowl XLIX, the Seahawks faced off against Tom Brady and the New England Patriots, seeking to become the first team to win two consecutive Super Bowls since the Patriots themselves won Super Bowl XXXVIII and Super Bowl XXXIX following the 2003 and 2004 seasons, respectively. After a scoreless first quarter, both teams scored two touchdowns in the second quarter, and the game was tied 14-14 at halftime. In", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "8344577", "text": "2005 Seattle Seahawks season The 2005 Seattle Seahawks season saw them win a conference championship for the first time in the team's history. They were the NFC representative in Super Bowl XL, a game they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers. The Seahawks compiled a 13–3 record in the regular season, easily winning the NFC West and earning the NFC top seed, thus clinching home field advantage in the NFC playoffs for the first time in franchise history. There, they beat the Washington Redskins and Carolina Panthers to win the George Halas Trophy, and advance to their first ever Super Bowl.", "title": "2005 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "12304621", "text": "gain Receptions Times targeted Super Bowl XLIX had nine officials. The numbers in parentheses below indicates their uniform numbers. Super Bowl XLIX Super Bowl XLIX was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2014 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks, 28–24, to earn their fourth Super Bowl title and their first in ten years. The game was played on February 1, 2015 at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona. It was the second time the stadium", "title": "Super Bowl XLIX" }, { "id": "7953500", "text": "the NFC West. They won the NFC championship in 2006, earning them their first trip to Super Bowl XL, where they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers 21-10. In 2014, the Seahawks defeated the San Francisco 49ers at CenturyLink Field, to clinch their second NFC title and a berth in Super Bowl XLVIII, where they routed the Denver Broncos 43–8 to win their first Lombardi trophy. The following season, the Seahawks overcame a deficit in the NFC championship game with the Green Bay Packers in the final minutes of the fourth quarter to claim their first back-to-back George Halas trophies. In", "title": "Sports in Seattle" }, { "id": "3200129", "text": "Seahawks became the first team to advance to the Super Bowl without playing a division champion in the playoffs (later matched by the Colts in 2009, Steelers in 2010, and the Seahawks again in 2013, with the 2013 Seahawks being the only one of the four to win the Super Bowl). Off a first-round bye, Seattle defeated the sixth-seeded Washington Redskins, 20–10, before eliminating the fifth-seeded Carolina Panthers, 34–14, in the NFC Championship Game. These were Seattle's first playoff victories since the 1984 season when they defeated the Los Angeles Raiders 13–7, when the team was still in the AFC", "title": "Super Bowl XL" }, { "id": "3200108", "text": "Super Bowl XL Super Bowl XL was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Pittsburgh Steelers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2005 season. The Steelers defeated the Seahawks by the score of 21–10. The game was played on February 5, 2006 at Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan. With the win, the Steelers tied the San Francisco 49ers and the Dallas Cowboys with the then-record five Super Bowls. The Steelers' victory was their first Super Bowl victory since Super Bowl XIV. Pittsburgh, who", "title": "Super Bowl XL" }, { "id": "12880210", "text": "2013, but the Seahawks finished the season 13-3. In the playoffs, the Seahawks beat both the New Orleans Saints and San Francisco 49ers to reach Super Bowl XLVIII. The Seahawks won the Super Bowl 43-8 after they beat the Denver Broncos to give Okung his first Super Bowl ring. Okung started 14 games in the 2014 season and help the Seahawks finish with a 12-4 record. The Seahawks beat both the Carolina Panthers and Green Bay Packers to reach Super Bowl XLIX. The Seahawks failed to repeat as Super Bowl champions after they lost 28–24 to the New England Patriots.", "title": "Russell Okung" }, { "id": "16336724", "text": "Moda Center, while serving as an Alternate Governor for the Trail Blazers and representing the franchise at NBA owners meetings. In 2016, McLoughlin’s seventh season with Seattle, the Seahawks reached the playoffs for the fifth-consecutive year while finishing the season with 122-consecutive sellouts. The Seahawks won their first NFL title in Super Bowl XLVIII, defeating the Denver Broncos, 43–8. In 2014, Seattle reached the Super Bowl for the second-consecutive season as the Seahawks faced the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX. In September 2018, left the position on amicable terms, being succeeded by Chuck Arnold. McLoughlin graduated from Deerfield", "title": "Peter McLoughlin" }, { "id": "9869696", "text": "over 700,000 Seahawks fans. For the first time in franchise history, the Seahawks started a season as the defending Super Bowl champions. As such, they earned the right to host the NFL Kickoff Game, where they defeated the Green Bay Packers 36-16. Then in Week 2, they traveled to San Diego, where the Chargers defeated them by a score of 30-21. This was Seattle's worst defeat since a 23-13 loss to the Dallas Cowboys in Week 9 of the 2011 season. Then in Week 3, they returned home to face the Denver Broncos in a rematch of Super Bowl XLVIII.", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "9869691", "text": "final minute. With 36 seconds left to play, however, Kaepernick's throw to receiver Michael Crabtree in the end zone was deflected by Sherman into the hands of Malcolm Smith, securing the victory for the Seahawks in a play that has since gone down in Seahawks lore as \"The Tip\". The Seahawks won by a final score of 23-17, sending the Seahawks to Super Bowl XLVIII as the NFC representative, their second trip to the Super Bowl in franchise history. On February 2, 2014, the Seahawks played in Super Bowl XLVIII against the Denver Broncos, pitting the league's #1 defense (Seattle)", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "16261013", "text": "points per game without Wagner and 6.5 points per game in the six games after he returned from an injury. On February 1, 2015, the Seattle Seahawks played in Super Bowl XLIX after defeating the Carolina Panthers and then the Green Bay Packers in the NFC Championship. Wagner recorded 12 combined tackles, deflected a pass, and intercepted a pass attempt by Tom Brady in the Seahawks 28–24 last-second loss to the New England Patriots. He is the current all-time career leader for tackles in Super Bowls with 22. Wagner made the NFL Top 100 Players for the first time in", "title": "Bobby Wagner" }, { "id": "12804207", "text": "of 43–8. In 2013, he also made his second Pro Bowl team. In 2014, the Seahawks finished the season with a 12–4 record and made it back to the Super Bowl. The Seahawks failed to repeat as Super Bowl champions after they lost 28–24 to the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX. On March 10, 2015, Unger, along with the Seahawks' first round selection in the 2015 NFL Draft, were traded to the New Orleans Saints in exchange for tight end Jimmy Graham. On May 8, 2017, it was reported that Unger suffered a foot injury and was expected", "title": "Max Unger" }, { "id": "16977751", "text": "to San Francisco where they took a loss to the 49ers. Russell Wilson was intercepted to end the game and continued the Seahawks' losing streak in Candlestick Park in which they haven't won since 2008. It was their last appearance at Candlestick, as the Niners move to Levi's Stadium for the 2014 season. With the loss, the Seahawks' record dropped into 11-2. In what many pundits dubbed a \"Super Bowl dress rehearsal\", the Seahawks faced the New York Giants at MetLife Stadium, where the Super Bowl would be held at the end of the season. The Legion of Boom intercepted", "title": "2013 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "17736228", "text": "2014 Seattle Seahawks season The 2014 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 39th season in the National Football League and the fifth under head coach Pete Carroll. The Seahawks started the season as the defending Super Bowl champions for the first time in franchise history. The season began with a 36–16 victory over the Green Bay Packers in their first meeting since the controversial Fail Mary Game. After struggling to a 3–3 record, which included a rare home loss to the Dallas Cowboys, they went on a 9–1 run to finish the season, which included a sweep of their division", "title": "2014 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "17074547", "text": "2014 NFL season The 2014 NFL season was the 95th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on Thursday, September 4, 2014, with the annual kickoff game featuring the defending Super Bowl XLVIII champion Seattle Seahawks hosting the Green Bay Packers, which resulted with the Seahawks winning, 36–16. The season concluded with Super Bowl XLIX, the league's championship game, on Sunday, February 1, 2015, at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona, with the New England Patriots defeating the Seattle Seahawks, 28–24. The 2014 league year began at 4 pm EST on March 11,", "title": "2014 NFL season" }, { "id": "7993879", "text": "or sports venue, that deserves recognition for an outstanding performance over a 12-month period. On May 25, 2010, it was announced that Super Bowl XLVIII was awarded to the stadium, the first time a Super Bowl would be played in the New York metropolitan area, and the first time that a non-domed stadium in a cold-weather city would host it. The Seattle Seahawks defeated the Denver Broncos 43–8 for their first Super Bowl victory, when MetLife Stadium hosted Super Bowl XLVIII on February 2, 2014. Normally, Super Bowls must be held in indoor climate-controlled stadiums if they are held in", "title": "MetLife Stadium" }, { "id": "17074635", "text": "new officials were hired, including Shawn Hochuli, son of referee Ed Hochuli. 2014 NFL season The 2014 NFL season was the 95th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on Thursday, September 4, 2014, with the annual kickoff game featuring the defending Super Bowl XLVIII champion Seattle Seahawks hosting the Green Bay Packers, which resulted with the Seahawks winning, 36–16. The season concluded with Super Bowl XLIX, the league's championship game, on Sunday, February 1, 2015, at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona, with the New England Patriots defeating the Seattle Seahawks, 28–24.", "title": "2014 NFL season" }, { "id": "394316", "text": "by the Green Bay Packers in 1998 (won Super Bowl XXXI, lost Super Bowl XXXII), the Seattle Seahawks in 2015 (won Super Bowl XLVIII, lost Super Bowl XLIX), and the New England Patriots in 2018 (won Super Bowl LI, lost Super Bowl LII). Sources: NFL.com Super Bowl XVIII, Super Bowl XVIII Play Finder LA, Super Bowl XVIII Play Finder Was Completions/attempts Carries Long gain Receptions Times targeted The following records were set in Super Bowl XVIII, according to the official NFL.com boxscore, the 2016 NFL Record & Fact Book and the ProFootball reference.com game summary. <br>Some records have to meet", "title": "Super Bowl XVIII" }, { "id": "7953501", "text": "Super Bowl XLIX at the University of Phoenix Stadium, the Seahawks missed the opportunity to claim their second Super Bowl win in the final seconds of the fourth quarter, falling to the New England Patriots by a score of 28-24. In 2017 the Seattle Seawolves became one of the founding teams of the newly-formed Major League Rugby Association. On July 7, 2018, at the home field of the San Diego Legion located at the University of San Diego, the Seawolves defeated the Glendale Raptors by a score of 23 to 19 to claim the first-ever MLR championship shield. The Seattle", "title": "Sports in Seattle" }, { "id": "16977725", "text": "the playoffs with their 13–3 record. The Seahawks defeated the New Orleans Saints 23–15 in the Divisional round and the San Francisco 49ers 23–17 in the NFC Championship. In Super Bowl XLVIII, they defeated the Denver Broncos 43–8 for their first Super Bowl victory in franchise history. Notes The Seattle Seahawks kicked off their 2013 campaign with a hard-fought, ugly win over the Carolina Panthers, 12–7. This game marked Russell Wilson's first 300-yard passing game, and Cam Newton's worst career performance, posting 125 yards through the air, a career low. The first quarter ended equal for both teams, as both", "title": "2013 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "313934", "text": "Times\" about Allen's decision to buy the team, \"I'm not sure anybody else in this community would have done what [Allen] did.\" The Seahawks are valued at $1.33 billion in August 2014 by \"Forbes\", which says the team has \"one of the most rabid fan bases in the NFL\". Under the helm of Allen, the Seahawks went to the Super Bowl three times winning Super Bowl XLVIII and three NFC Championships (2005, 2013, 2014). Allen's Vulcan Sports & Entertainment is part of the ownership team of the Seattle Sounders FC, a Major League Soccer (MLS) franchise that began play in", "title": "Paul Allen" }, { "id": "385664", "text": "Gore. The Seahawks had not won in San Francisco since 2008 until defeating the 49ers in convincing 19–3 fashion on Thanksgiving Day in 2014. In the 2013 NFC Championship Game, the Seahawks defeated the 49ers 23 to 17, thanks to Malcolm Smith's interception, which was tipped by Richard Sherman. This clinched the Seahawks' berth into Super Bowl XLVIII. The Seahawks have developed a rivalry with the Carolina Panthers. The two teams have played each other in the NFL playoffs three times: during the 2005 NFC Championship Game, which Seattle won 34–14; the 2014 NFC Divisional playoffs, which the Seahawks won", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "385644", "text": "Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan. Steve Largent, Cortez Kennedy, Walter Jones, and Kenny Easley have been voted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame primarily or wholly for their accomplishments as Seahawks. In addition to them, Dave Brown, Jacob Green, Dave Krieg, Curt Warner, and Jim Zorn have been inducted into the Seahawks Ring of Honor along with Pete Gross (radio announcer) and Chuck Knox (head coach). The Seahawks have won 10 division titles and three conference championships. They are the only team to have played in both the AFC and NFC Championship Games. They have appeared in three Super Bowls:", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "17005333", "text": "2013–14 NFL playoffs The National Football League playoffs for the 2013 season began on January 4, 2014. The postseason tournament concluded with the Seattle Seahawks defeating the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XLVIII, 43–8, on February 2, at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. In a change from previous seasons, CBS was given both late games during the Divisional Playoffs (as opposed to CBS and Fox each having both an early game on one day and a late game on the other day). In the United States, NBC broadcast the first two Wild Card playoff games, then CBS broadcast", "title": "2013–14 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "17261707", "text": "four passes for 68 yards and a touchdown in a divisional round game against the Carolina Panthers. A week later, he caught a key two-point conversion in the NFC Championship Game against the Green Bay Packers, as the Seahawks rallied to defeat the Packers 28–22 to reached consecutive Super Bowls. In Super Bowl XLIX, Willson had no catches as the Seahawks failed to repeat as champions, defeated by the New England Patriots, who rallied in the fourth quarter behind quarterback On March 17, 2017, Willson re-signed with the Seahawks. After five years in Seattle, Willson signed a one-year, $2.5 million", "title": "Luke Willson" }, { "id": "385658", "text": "the 2012 Pepsi Max Rookie of the Year award. In the 2013 NFL season, the Seahawks continued their momentum from the previous season, finishing tied with the Denver Broncos for an NFL-best regular season record of 13–3, while earning the NFC's #1 playoff seed. Their 2013 campaign included big wins over the Carolina Panthers, New Orleans Saints, and the San Francisco 49ers. Six Seahawks players were named to the Pro Bowl: Quarterback Russell Wilson, center Max Unger, running back Marshawn Lynch, cornerback Richard Sherman, free safety Earl Thomas, and strong safety Kam Chancellor. However, none of them was able to", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "15876404", "text": "The Seattle Seahawks allowed the fewest points during the season and began to distinguish itself as one of the top defenses of all time. The Seattle Seahawks finished first in the NFC West with a 12-4 record and received a first-round bye. They reached the Super Bowl for the second season in a row after defeating the Carolina Panthers in the divisional round and the Green Bay Packers in the NFC Championship. On February 2, 2015, Irvin started his second consecutive Super Bowl and recorded two solo tackles and a sack on Tom Brady during the Seahawks' 28-24 loss to", "title": "Bruce Irvin (American football)" }, { "id": "17736230", "text": "NFL team to do so since the 2013 Denver Broncos. The Seahawks opened the playoffs with a win over the Carolina Panthers in the Divisional round, becoming the first defending champion since the 2005 Patriots to win a playoff game the following season. In one of the greatest comebacks in NFL history, the Seahawks advanced to Super Bowl XLIX by defeating the Green Bay Packers 28–22 in overtime after trailing 16–0 at halftime and 19–7 with less than three minutes left in regulation. In doing so, they became the first team since the 2004 New England Patriots to repeat as", "title": "2014 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "3200130", "text": "(the Seahawks were in that conference from 1977-2001). The Steelers became the second team after the 1985 New England Patriots to win three road playoff games to reach the Super Bowl. Pittsburgh defeated the third-seeded Bengals, 31–17; the top-seeded Colts, 21–18 in the \"Immaculate Redemption/Tackle II\" game; and the second-seeded Denver Broncos, 34–17, in the AFC Championship Game. The Steelers also became the eighth wild-card team to go to the Super Bowl and the fourth in nine seasons. The Steelers' catchphrase for the playoffs was \"One for the Thumb\", a phrase originally made popular by Joe Greene as an allusion", "title": "Super Bowl XL" }, { "id": "7694540", "text": "Jackson appeared in 3 games of the 2013 regular season producing 151 passing yards and a touchdown. During Super Bowl XLVIII against the Denver Broncos, Jackson came in relief of Russell Wilson during the 4th quarter, marking the first time in 13 years any backup quarterback has played in a Super Bowl. The Seahawks won their first Super Bowl in franchise history as they defeated the Broncos 43–8. Following the season, Jackson signed a 1-year deal to stay with the Seahawks. The Seahawks made it to Super Bowl XLIX, but failed to repeat as Super Bowl champions as they fell", "title": "Tarvaris Jackson" }, { "id": "17009913", "text": "member of coach Les Miles's LSU Tigers football team from 2010 to 2012. He decided to enter the NFL Draft after his junior season. The Seattle Seahawks chose Simon in the fifth round, with the 138th overall pick, of the 2013 NFL Draft. On August 27, 2013, the Seahawks placed Simon on the reserve/physically unable to perform list. The Seahawks won Super Bowl XLVIII after they defeated the Denver Broncos 43–8. The Seahawks returned to the Super Bowl in the following year. Simon got to play in Super Bowl XLIX due to an injury teammate Jeremy Lane suffered in the", "title": "Tharold Simon" }, { "id": "13752770", "text": "16 games with 10 starts. Carpenter earned a Super Bowl ring with the Seahawks in Super Bowl XLVIII where they defeated the Denver Broncos 43–8, giving Carpenter his first career championship title and the Seahawks their first Super Bowl win in franchise history. In the offseason, Seattle declined the fifth-year option for Carpenter. In the 2014 season, Carpenter started all 13 games he appeared in and participated in the Seahawks making it to Super Bowl XLIX, where they lost to the New England Patriots by a score of 28–24. On March 10, 2015, Carpenter signed a four-year contract with the", "title": "James Carpenter (American football)" }, { "id": "394929", "text": "XIII) and the Washington Redskins (won Super Bowl XVII, lost Super Bowl XVIII), and would be later joined by the Seattle Seahawks in 2015 (won Super Bowl XLVIII, lost Super Bowl XLIX) and the New England Patriots in 2018 (won Super Bowl LI, lost Super Bowl LII). Sources: NFL.com Super Bowl XXXII, Super Bowl XXXII Play Finder Den, Super Bowl XXXII Play Finder GB Completions/attempts Carries Long gain Receptions Times targeted One new record was set and several were tied in Super Bowl XXXII, according to the official NFL.com boxscore, the 2016 NFL Record & Fact Book and the ProFootball", "title": "Super Bowl XXXII" }, { "id": "9869626", "text": "won the NFC Championship Game thrice in 2005, 2013 and 2014, and lost the AFC Championship Game once in 1983; as a result, they are the only team appear in the both the AFC and NFC Conference Championship games. The Seahawks have one Super Bowl victory in 2013 and two losses (2005 and 2014). Prior to 2005 Seattle had the longest drought of playoff victories of any NFL team, dating back to the 1984 season. That drought was ended with a 20-10 win over the Washington Redskins in the 2005 playoffs. The all-time Seahawks playoff record is 12-12. The Seahawks", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "1661129", "text": "NFC in 1995. Parity is generally greater among NFC teams than AFC teams. The only NFC team that has never made a Super Bowl appearance is the Detroit Lions. Since the 2002 realignment, the only time that an NFC team has made back-to-back Super Bowl appearances are the Seattle Seahawks in 2013 and 2014. Between 2000 and 2016, the NFC has sent 12 different teams to the Super Bowl, whereas the AFC had sent only six: the Baltimore Ravens (2 times), the Denver Broncos (2 times), the Indianapolis Colts (2 times), the Oakland Raiders (1 time), the New England Patriots", "title": "National Football Conference" }, { "id": "7000828", "text": "for any team since the league switched to a 12-team playoff format in 1990 (surpassing the 1992–95 Dallas Cowboys). The Patriots defeated the Baltimore Ravens 35–31 in the Divisional Round of the playoffs, advancing to their fourth consecutive AFC Championship game. There, they defeated the Indianapolis Colts 45–7 to advance to their eight Super Bowl appearance, making them only the third team to reach the Super Bowl eight times, with the other teams being the Pittsburgh Steelers and Dallas Cowboys. On February 1, 2015, the Patriots played the defending Super Bowl champions Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX. After a", "title": "History of the New England Patriots" }, { "id": "9869695", "text": "Seahawks won Super Bowl XLVIII by a final score of 43-8. The win marked the Seahawks' first Super Bowl Championship in franchise history. Russell Wilson finished with 206 passing yards and two touchdowns having won the Super Bowl in just his second year in the NFL, while the Seahawks defense logged four takeaways. Malcolm Smith was named Super Bowl MVP thanks in large part to his interception return and a fumble recovery in the second half. Upon returning to Seattle, the Seahawks, in true fashion, put together a parade to thank their fans (The 12th Man) and their city of", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "7141010", "text": "Super Bowl XLVIII Super Bowl XLVIII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos and National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2013 season. The Seahawks defeated the Broncos 43–8, the largest margin of victory for an underdog and tied for the third largest point differential overall (35) in Super Bowl history with Super Bowl XXVII (1993). It was the first time the winning team scored over 40 points, while holding their opponent to under 10. This became the first Super Bowl victory for", "title": "Super Bowl XLVIII" }, { "id": "385645", "text": "losing 21–10 to the Pittsburgh Steelers in Super Bowl XL, defeating the Denver Broncos 43–8 for their first championship in Super Bowl XLVIII, and losing 28–24 to the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX. As per one of the agreed parts of the 1970 AFL–NFL merger, the NFL began planning to expand from 26 to 28 teams. In June 1972, Seattle Professional Football Inc., a group of Seattle business and community leaders, announced its intention to acquire an NFL franchise for the city of Seattle. In June 1974, the NFL gave the city an expansion franchise. That December, NFL", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "9869704", "text": "six plays worth 87 yards in 3:19, capped off with a 35-yard touchdown pass from Russell Wilson to Jermaine Kearse, who had been Wilson's intended target on all four of Seattle's interceptions. The final score was Seattle 28, Green Bay 22. Thus Seattle became the first defending champion since the 2004 New England Patriots to return to the Super Bowl the next season. They also became the first NFC team since the 1997 Green Bay Packers to repeat as NFC Champions, the first team to go to consecutive Super Bowls as the #1 seed in the playoffs since the 1990–1991", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "5619503", "text": "Divisional Playoff Round by the Denver Broncos, and eventually the NFL title was won by the Pittsburgh Steelers, who defeated the Seattle Seahawks 21–10 in Super Bowl XL at Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan on February 5 for their fifth Super Bowl win. This also marked the first time that a sixth-seeded team, who by the nature of their seeding would play every game on the road, would advance to and win the Super Bowl. The season formally concluded with the Pro Bowl, the league’s all-star game, at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Hawaii on February 12. This marked the final", "title": "2005 NFL season" }, { "id": "385642", "text": "Seattle Seahawks The Seattle Seahawks are a professional American football franchise based in Seattle, Washington. The Seahawks compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) West division. They joined the NFL in 1976 as an expansion team. The Seahawks are coached by Pete Carroll. Since 2002, they have played their home games at CenturyLink Field (formerly Qwest Field), located south of downtown Seattle. They previously played home games in the Kingdome (1976–1999) and Husky Stadium (1994, 2000–2001). Seahawks fans have been referred to collectively as the \"12th Man\", \"12th Fan\",", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "12304614", "text": "became only the fourth team to win a Super Bowl despite losing the turnover battle (after the Baltimore Colts in Super Bowl V and the Pittsburgh Steelers in both Super Bowls XIV and XL). In winning, Brady became the third quarterback in NFL history with four Super Bowl victories. Brady was also named MVP for a third time, tying the record set by Joe Montana. The Seahawks became the first defending champion since the Green Bay Packers in Super Bowl XXXII to lose in the Super Bowl the next year. This also marked the 10th consecutive Super Bowl without a", "title": "Super Bowl XLIX" }, { "id": "10286809", "text": "the number for Vancouver, BC, the other major departure point for Alaska cruises. Seattle has three major men's professional sports teams: the National Football League (NFL)'s Seattle Seahawks, Major League Baseball (MLB)'s Seattle Mariners, and Major League Soccer (MLS)'s Seattle Sounders FC. Other professional sports teams include the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA)'s Seattle Storm, who won the WNBA championship on three occasions in 2004 and 2010, and 2018; and the Seattle Reign of the National Women's Soccer League. The Seattle Seahawks entered the National Football League in 1976 as an expansion team and have advanced to the Super Bowl", "title": "Seattle" }, { "id": "79966", "text": "team led by rookie quarterback Russell Wilson, 16–12. In the 2013 season, the Panthers opened the season at home versus Seattle. They again lost a close game, with the final score 12–7. The Seahawks would go on to win Super Bowl XLVIII. In the 2014 season, once more at Bank of America Stadium, the Seahawks defeated the Panthers in week eight, 13–9. In the divisional round of the playoffs, the Panthers faced Seattle in Seattle, notorious for being a tough opposing field to play in, and lost 31–17. The Seahawks would go on to lose Super Bowl XLIX. In the", "title": "Carolina Panthers" }, { "id": "3200082", "text": "13-3 record, when they beat the Falcons and Vikings in the reverse order that they did in the 2004-05 playoffs. They exacted revenge on New England in Super Bowl LII, edging them 41–33. This is the last time that a team has won back-to-back Super Bowls, with the Patriots losing their second playoff game a year later and then, for the next eight years, every team either losing their first playoff game or missing them altogether. The streak was broken in 2014 when the Seahawks defeated the Panthers and ultimately advanced to the Super Bowl, only to lose to a", "title": "Super Bowl XXXIX" }, { "id": "17074568", "text": "balls before the game, giving the game the title 'Deflategate'. This was the most lopsided AFC championship victory since the Buffalo Bills defeated the Los Angeles Raiders 51–3 in the 1990 season. Super Bowl XLIX, the 49th contesting of the Super Bowl, decided the 2014 NFL champion on February 1, 2015, with the New England Patriots defeating the defending Super Bowl XLVIII champions Seattle Seahawks, who were looking to repeat, by a score of 28–24. With a controversial play call by Seattle's head coach, Pete Carroll, they decided to try to pass the ball in for a touchdown at the", "title": "2014 NFL season" }, { "id": "376025", "text": "Jersey's MetLife Stadium in February 2014, was the first Super Bowl held outdoors in a cold weather environment. The Seattle Seahawks won their first NFL title with a 43–8 defeat of the Denver Broncos, in a highly touted matchup that pitted Seattle's top-ranked defense against a Peyton Manning-led Denver offense that had broken the NFL's single-season scoring record. In Super Bowl XLIX, the Patriots beat the defending Super Bowl champions, the Seahawks, 28–24 as Malcolm Butler intercepted a Seattle pass in the end zone with the Seahawks poised to take the lead. In Super Bowl 50, the Broncos, led by", "title": "Super Bowl" }, { "id": "4450437", "text": "The Saints rebounded in 2013, but were eliminated in the Divisional playoff round by the eventual Super Bowl XLVIII champion Seattle Seahawks.They returned to the playoffs in 2017 by defeating the Carolina Panthers in the Wild Card Round, but lost to the Minnesota Vikings in the Divisional Round. Thus, New Orleans has not advanced to the Conference Championship game since Super Bowl XLIV. The Colts would finish the next season with a 10–6 record, but lost in the Wild Card round to the New York Jets. After that, the Colts plummeted to 2–14 after they lost Peyton Manning for the", "title": "Super Bowl XLIV" }, { "id": "6770154", "text": "Pro Bowl roster as a replacement for an injured Carlos Rogers. On December 18, 2013, the NFL erroneously reported Browner was facing an indefinite suspension for again violating the NFL's performance-enhancing drug rules. The suspension kept him from playing in Super Bowl XLVIII against the Denver Broncos. Without Browner, the Seahawks won the Super Bowl 43-8 to give the franchise their first championship. The suspension was later changed to reflect a substance abuse issue related to missing drug tests during the time Browner was unsigned by an NFL team and played football in the CFL, prior to the Seahawks contract.", "title": "Brandon Browner" }, { "id": "4220203", "text": "Super Bowl LI, bringing Freeney to his third career Super Bowl. Freeney had one sack in the big game, although the Falcons lost to the Patriots by a score of 34–28. On October 24, 2017, Freeney signed a one-year deal with the Seattle Seahawks. After playing in four games recording three sacks, Freeney was released by the Seahawks on November 21, 2017. On November 22, 2017, Freeney was claimed off waivers by the Detroit Lions. Freeney announced his retirement on April 19, 2018, after signing a ceremonial one day contract with the Colts to retire as a member of the", "title": "Dwight Freeney" }, { "id": "13666551", "text": "a first round bye. On January 11, 2014, Chancellor started his first career playoff game and recorded 14 combined tackles (four solo) and two pass deflections during the Seahawks' 23–15 victory against the New Orleans Saints in the NFC Divisional round. The Seahawks defeated the San Francisco 49ers 23–17 in the NFC Championship and went on to Super Bowl XLVIII. On February 2, 2014, Chancellor made ten combined tackles (six solo), deflected two passes, and intercepted a pass by quarterback Peyton Manning as the Seahawks won Super Bowl XLVIII 43–8 against the Denver Broncos. Chancellor began the season being selected", "title": "Kam Chancellor" }, { "id": "11638872", "text": "1984 Miami Dolphins season The 1984 Miami Dolphins season was the team's 19th season, and 15th in the National Football League. It was also the 15th season with the team for head coach Don Shula. The Dolphins sought to build on a spectacular 1983 season where they went 12–4 with rookie quarterback Dan Marino, only to be upended by the Seattle Seahawks in the playoffs. The Dolphins won the 1984 AFC Championship, and appeared in Super Bowl XIX, where they lost to the San Francisco 49ers, 38–16. To date this is the last season the Dolphins appeared in the Super", "title": "1984 Miami Dolphins season" }, { "id": "8344606", "text": "the calls made by the officials.\" The game ended a playoffs season that was plagued by complaints about officiating. On August 6, 2010, while visiting the Seahawks' preseason training camp for an annual rules interpretation session with the Seattle media, head official Bill Leavy brought up Super Bowl XL without being asked, while admitting to having blown calls: 2005 Seattle Seahawks season The 2005 Seattle Seahawks season saw them win a conference championship for the first time in the team's history. They were the NFC representative in Super Bowl XL, a game they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers. The Seahawks", "title": "2005 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "12259464", "text": "a lasagna.\" The 3D artworks are finished off by hand with glitter and Swarovski crystals. NFL Super Bowl Charles Fazzino's art has been featured in every Super Bowl for the National Football League since the 2001 Super Bowl XXXV in Tampa Bay, Florida. Fazzino was profiled by CBS News Sunday Morning with Charles Osgood on Charles Osgood Sunday in New Orleans, Louisiana on February 3, 2013. He also created a painting for Super Bowl XLVIII in 2014, where the Seattle Seahawks defeated the Denver Broncos at MetLife Stadium, as well as The New England Patriots 2015 win in Super Bowl", "title": "Charles Fazzino" }, { "id": "14211043", "text": "roster transactions, including trading for Marshawn Lynch. On February 2, 2014, the Seahawks won Super Bowl XLVIII, their first championship in their existence. Of those on the championship roster, only Max Unger, Red Bryant, Jon Ryan and Brandon Mebane were Seahawks prior to Schneider's arrival in Seattle. Schneider and Seattle followed their Super Bowl win with another NFC Championship, but lost to New England in Super Bowl XLIX. In 2015, the Seahawks clinched a wild card berth, but fell in the NFC Divisional Round to the Panthers. Schneider signed a 5-year contract extension with the Seahawks in July 2016 that", "title": "John Schneider (American football executive)" }, { "id": "17736236", "text": "throughout the playoffs for the second consecutive season. Seattle entered the postseason as the #1 seed in the NFC. The Seahawks defeated the Panthers 31-17, becoming the first defending Super Bowl champion to win a playoff game since the 2005 Patriots, and advanced to their second consecutive NFC Championship game. They hosted the Green Bay Packers, who defeated the Dallas Cowboys 26-21. After trailing 16-0 in the 3rd quarter and 19-7 with just over 2 minutes remaining, Russell Wilson, who threw 4 interceptions in the game, rallied Seattle to a much needed touchdown to bring the score to 19-14 with", "title": "2014 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "6477339", "text": "of the playoffs each time. The series was George Karl's only Finals appearance in his coaching career to date. In 2008, the Sonics franchise moved to Oklahoma City and became the Thunder. They would make the finals four years later after the move. This was also the last time a Seattle-based team played for a major professional sports championship until Super Bowl XL in 2006, when the Seattle Seahawks lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers. The Seahawks would go on to handily defeat Denver in Super Bowl XLVIII in 2014 and lose to the New England Patriots the following year in", "title": "1996 NBA Finals" }, { "id": "9869713", "text": "was sidelined for several games with a back injury. In week 12, the Seahawks faced the Pittsburgh Steelers for the third time since losing to them in Super Bowl XL. The game ended up being an offensive shootout, and a late touchdown by Doug Baldwin sealed a 39-30 victory, getting them over .500 for the first time in 2015. It was their first win against the Steelers since SB XL (and indeed their first time not being shut out since then). However, the team suffered another devastating injury as Jimmy Graham suffered a broken patella early in the game, and", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "12927376", "text": "was capped by a 35-yard game-winning touchdown pass to Kearse. The Seahawks completed their largest postseason comeback in franchise history as they clinched a Super Bowl berth. The Seahawks became the first defending champion to return to the Super Bowl since the 2004 Patriots. They faced the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX, where they were defeated by a final score of 28–24. Although the Seahawks led 24–14 heading into the fourth quarter, the Patriots scored two consecutive touchdowns as they took a four-point lead with 2:02 remaining. Wilson led the Seahawks to the Patriots' one-yard line with 25", "title": "Russell Wilson" }, { "id": "4990156", "text": "2011, he was suspended for only 2 games under the rules of the new Collective Bargaining Agreement. On June 12, 2014, Williams signed a one-year contract with the Seattle Seahawks in excess of $2 million. He would play all 16 games for the Seahawks that season, recording 30 tackles, 3 sacks, 2 pass deflections, and 6 tackles for loss on the #1 defense in points allowed in the league. Williams played in his first career Super Bowl in Super Bowl XLIX. In the Super Bowl, Williams recorded 3 tackles, but the Seahawks lost 28–24 to the New England Patriots. The", "title": "Kevin Williams (defensive tackle)" }, { "id": "4185073", "text": "record, giving them the #3 playoff seed. Thus, having to play in a wild card playoff game. In the playoffs, they defeated the Kansas City Chiefs 23-8, defeated the Baltimore Ravens 15-6 in the divisional round, and advanced to Super Bowl XLI with a 38-34 win over the New England Patriots in the AFC Championship game. Chicago finished the season with an NFC best 13–3 record and advanced to the second Super Bowl in franchise history. They defeated the Seattle Seahawks 27-24 in the divisional round of the playoffs, and the New Orleans Saints 39-14 in the NFC Championship game", "title": "Super Bowl XLI" }, { "id": "9869709", "text": "and seal Seattle's fate. The Seahawks became the tenth consecutive team to be dethroned of their Super Bowl title, creating a record for the most years without a repeat Super Bowl champion. The 2015 season marked the 40th season of play for the Seahawks. Prior to the 2015 draft, the Seahawks made a blockbuster trade with the New Orleans Saints, trading Seattle's first-round pick for All-Pro Saints tight end Jimmy Graham. For this reason, the Seahawks did not have a first-round pick, but did make a total of eight picks in the draft, including defensive end Frank Clark in the", "title": "History of the Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "5106165", "text": "with a 7–9 playoff record, 5-4 as a member of the NFC West. The Seahawks hold a record of 137–102-1 since joining the NFC West (325–318-1 overall), with three Super Bowl appearances, winning Super Bowl XLVIII to go with a playoff record of 16–14; they are currently 13–9 in the playoffs as a member of the NFC West, having gone 3–5 while in the AFC West. Since re-alignment, the Seahawks have led the division in wins, division titles, and playoff appearances. Following 2001, the Atlanta Falcons, Carolina Panthers, and New Orleans Saints left the NFC West to join the newly", "title": "NFC West" }, { "id": "385652", "text": "That same year, the team opened its new home stadium, Seahawks Stadium, after spending the last two seasons at Husky Stadium after the Kingdome's implosion in 2000. In the 2005 season, the Seahawks had their best season in franchise history (a feat that would later be matched in 2013) with a record of 13–3, which included a 42-0 rout of the Philadelphia Eagles on December 5, a game since referred to as the Monday Night Massacre. The 13-3 record earned them the number one seed in the NFC. They won the NFC Championship Game in 2005, but lost in Super", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "376023", "text": "Patriots' 2007 record at 18–1. The following season, the Steelers logged their record sixth Super Bowl title (XLIII) in a 27–23, final-minute victory against the Arizona Cardinals. The 2009 season saw the New Orleans Saints defeat the Indianapolis Colts in Super Bowl XLIV by a score of 31–17 to take home their first Championship. With this victory, the Saints joined the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and New York Jets as the only teams to have won in their sole Super Bowl appearance. The 2010s have seen parity between the two conferences, but not within them. Since the start of 2010, five", "title": "Super Bowl" }, { "id": "17074566", "text": "the NFC Championship Game at 3:00 pm Eastern Time on Fox and the AFC Championship Game following at 6:30 pm Eastern on CBS. In the NFC Championship, the Seahawks, trailing 16–0 at halftime and then 19–7 with under three minutes left in the game, were led by Russell Wilson, who, despite throwing four interceptions, rallied the team to 15 unanswered points and won the game on a 35-yard touchdown pass to Jermaine Kearse in overtime to become the first team to make consecutive Super Bowl appearances since the 2004 New England Patriots, and the first NFC team to make consecutive", "title": "2014 NFL season" }, { "id": "16950169", "text": "day. On November 27, 2013, Shead was promoted to the active roster from the practice squad, and participated in Super Bowl XLVIII in February 2014, as the Seahawks defeated the Denver Broncos 43–8. After Seattle's loss in Super Bowl XLIX in February 2015, cornerback Byron Maxwell left for Philadelphia in free agency, leaving a starting position open opposite All-Pro CB Richard Sherman. The Seahawks signed Cary Williams in the offseason, but he was benched in Week 12 and later released. With Jeremy Lane and Tharold Simon still recovering from injuries, Shead was inserted as the second cornerback against Pittsburgh in", "title": "DeShawn Shead" }, { "id": "12927349", "text": "as a second baseman. Wilson was selected by the Seahawks with the 12th pick in the third round (75th overall) of the 2012 NFL Draft. In 2012, he tied Peyton Manning's record for most passing touchdowns by a rookie (26) and was named the Pepsi NFL Rookie of the Year. In 2013, he led the Seahawks to their first ever Super Bowl victory in Super Bowl XLVIII over the Denver Broncos, and in 2014, led them to a second straight Super Bowl berth. Wilson has won more games (65) than any other NFL quarterback in his first six seasons, and", "title": "Russell Wilson" }, { "id": "12927370", "text": "17 to finish the season with a 13–3 record, the NFC West title, and the No. 1 seed in the playoffs. Wilson finished the season with 26 touchdown passes, 9 interceptions, and a 101.2 passer rating, becoming the first quarterback in the Super Bowl era to post a 100+ passer rating in each of his first 2 seasons. Wilson was named to his second Pro Bowl on December 27, 2013. On January 19, 2014, Wilson and the Seahawks defeated the San Francisco 49ers in the NFC Championship Game 23–17, advancing to Super Bowl XLVIII. Wilson threw for 206 yards, 2", "title": "Russell Wilson" }, { "id": "17736229", "text": "rivals, the Arizona Cardinals, who battled with them the whole season. They repeated as NFC West champions and finished in a three-way tie with the Packers and Cowboys for the NFC's best record, but earned the No. 1 seed based on tiebreakers, securing home-field advantage for the second consecutive season. This was the first time that a defending Super Bowl champion retained the No. 1 seed in the next season since the 1990 San Francisco 49ers. They were also the first team overall to repeat as the #1 seed in the NFC since the 2004 Philadelphia Eagles; and the first", "title": "2014 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "15570191", "text": "in the Seahawks' 6-6 tie with the Arizona Cardinals. He finished the season with a career-high 126 combined tackles (72 solo), five pass deflections, and a career-high four sacks in 16 games and 16 starts. The Seattle Seahawks finished 10-5-1 and first in the NFC West. On January 14, 2017, Wright recorded ten combined tackles in a 20-16 loss at the Atlanta Falcons. Wright was selected as a replacement for Ryan Kerrigan for the 2017 Pro Bowl. It was Wright's first Pro Bowl appearance. He finished the season with a career-high 126 tackles and four sacks. Wright returned as the", "title": "K. J. Wright" }, { "id": "12304569", "text": "and not allowed any touchdowns in the previous 10 quarters. Their defense ranked first in the NFL in fewest points allowed (254) and their offense was tied at first in rushing yards (2,762). The Seahawks defeated the Carolina Panthers 31–17 in the NFC Divisional playoffs, and then defeated the Green Bay Packers 28–22 in overtime in the NFC Championship Game. Seattle became the first NFC team to advance to consecutive Super Bowls since the 1996–97 Packers in Super Bowls XXXI and XXXII. Quarterback Russell Wilson was back in control of the Seattle offense, completing 63.1 percent of his passes for", "title": "Super Bowl XLIX" }, { "id": "19128132", "text": "Seahawks have now recorded at least one victory at CenturyLink Field against each of the 31 other franchises. Over one and half year after Super Bowl XLIX, the Seahawks were trying to get their revenge against the Patriots after the heartbreaking interception. They successfully got their revenge by stopping the Patriots from getting into the end zone, and won the game 31-24. The Seahawks were the only team to defeat the Patriots under Tom Brady during this season (their one other loss, against the Buffalo Bills in Week 4, happened during Brady's suspension for the Deflategate scandal). This also marks", "title": "2016 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "16012828", "text": "a safety in the 34–28 loss. In Week 10 against the Atlanta Falcons, he scored a 43-yard touchdown after a trick play when Marshawn Lynch threw the ball back to Russell Wilson in the 33–10 victory. In 2013, Kearse played 15 games with 346 receiving yards and 4 touchdowns. In the 2013 NFC Championship Game on January 19, 2014, against division rival San Francisco 49ers, Kearse caught a 35-yard touchdown pass from Wilson. The Seahawks eventually won the game 23–17 and advanced to Super Bowl XLVIII. During the Super Bowl against the Denver Broncos, Kearse had four catches for 65", "title": "Jermaine Kearse" }, { "id": "8724299", "text": "2006 Seattle Seahawks season The 2006 Seattle Seahawks season was the team's 31st season in the National Football League. The season began with the team attempting to improve on their 13–3 record from 2005, repeat as National Football Conference (NFC) champions, and return to the Super Bowl. The team, while winning their NFC West division, only advanced as far as the Divisional Round of the NFL playoffs, losing to eventual 2006 NFC champions Chicago Bears in overtime. Divisional matchups have the NFC West playing the NFC North and the AFC West. The Seahawks won their regular season opener against the", "title": "2006 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "20465297", "text": "rival San Francisco 49ers. Michael Bennett, another longtime Seahawk, was traded to the Philadelphia Eagles on March 7, 2018. His fellow defensive lineman Cliff Avril was released by the team on May 4, 2018. It is also the first season since 2009 that Kam Chancellor was not on the roster; he announced his retirement on July 1, 2018, due to the neck injury he sustained in week 10 of the previous season. Tight ends Jimmy Graham and Luke Willson, wide receiver Paul Richardson and running back Thomas Rawls all departed in free agency as well. On August 20, 2018, longtime", "title": "2018 Seattle Seahawks season" }, { "id": "385653", "text": "Bowl XL against the Pittsburgh Steelers. The loss was controversial; NFL Films has Super Bowl XL at number 8 on its top ten list of games with controversial referee calls. Referee Bill Leavy later admitted that he missed calls that altered the game. Before 2005, Seattle had the longest drought of playoff victories of any NFL team, dating back to the 1984 season. That drought was ended with a 20–10 win over the Washington Redskins in the 2005 playoffs. In the 2009 NFL season, the Seahawks finished 3rd in the NFC West with a 5-11 record. Shortly after his first", "title": "Seattle Seahawks" }, { "id": "15576102", "text": "pass deflections, and four interceptions in 16 games and five starts. He received an overall grade of 85.5 from Pro Football Focus, which was the highest grade of his career and ranked 11th among all qualifying cornerbacks in 2013. The Seattle Seahawks finished first in the NFC West with a 13–3 record and earned a first round bye. On January 11, 2014, Maxwell made his first postseason start and recorded five combined tackles during a 23–15 win against the New Orleans Saints in the NFC Divisional Round. The Seahawks advanced to the Super Bowl after defeating the San Francisco 49ers", "title": "Byron Maxwell" }, { "id": "17736273", "text": "team since the league switched to a 12-team playoff format in 1990 (surpassing the 1992–95 Dallas Cowboys). They finished fourth in the NFL in scoring (468 points) and eighth in points allowed (313), and first in point differential (with an average margin of victory of 9.7 points). The Patriots defeated the Baltimore Ravens 35–31 in the Divisional Round of the playoffs, advancing to their fourth straight AFC Championship game. There, they defeated the Indianapolis Colts 45–7 to advance to their 8th Super Bowl and 6th under Bill Belichick. On February 1, 2015, the Patriots played the Seattle Seahawks in Super", "title": "2014 New England Patriots season" }, { "id": "18414167", "text": "2015 Baltimore Ravens season The 2015 Baltimore Ravens season was the franchise's 20th season in the National Football League (NFL) and the eighth under head coach John Harbaugh. Although picked by some, including \"Sports Illustrated\" Peter King, to reach the Super Bowl, they had a disappointing season in part due to injuries. 14 of their games were decided by 8 points or less and Joe Flacco, Justin Forsett, Steve Smith, Sr., and Terrell Suggs all suffered season ending injuries. They were eliminated from playoff contention in Week 14 with a loss to the Seattle Seahawks, in which they also suffered", "title": "2015 Baltimore Ravens season" }, { "id": "3200114", "text": "Cardinals became the second team to have their full team name painted in their end zone, as their geographic location name (Arizona) was painted above the team nickname (Cardinals). For all other Super Bowl teams, end zones have featured only the team nickname. The Seahawks entered Super Bowl XL after finishing the regular season with an NFC-best 13–3 record. After a rocky 2–2 start, they won 11 consecutive games before losing to the Green Bay Packers to finish the season. The 13–3 record and 11-game winning streak set new team records. This was Seattle's first Super Bowl appearance in the", "title": "Super Bowl XL" }, { "id": "395056", "text": "Super Bowl XXXVI, there were ten different NFC Champions in ten years. Once again, the Giants ended the trend and started another one. Beginning with the 2008 Super Bowl XLIII participant Arizona Cardinals, there were 6 different NFC Champions in 6 years. This streak was finally ended by the Seattle Seahawks, who advanced to the Super Bowl in both 2013 and 2014. The Baltimore Ravens would later win Super Bowl XLVII in 2013 against the San Francisco 49ers (which was also aired on CBS). Ray Lewis was a member of both Ravens' Super Bowl wins. In between the Ravens' victories,", "title": "Super Bowl XXXV" }, { "id": "16977720", "text": "49ers and Seahawks were the two best teams in the NFL given recent history. This opinion was only cemented further after the Seahawks defeated the Denver Broncos 43-8 in the Super Bowl. 2013 San Francisco 49ers season The San Francisco 49ers season was the franchise's 64th season in the National Football League, the 68th overall and the third under the head coach/general manager tandem of Jim Harbaugh and Trent Baalke. This was the 49ers' final season playing their home games at Candlestick Park before moving into Levi's Stadium for the 2014 season. The 49ers entered the season as the defending", "title": "2013 San Francisco 49ers season" } ]	when was the last time the seattle seahawks went to the superbowl
[ "Venom", "Screwed" ]	[ { "id": "10772222", "text": "Cyrus Lupo Det. Cyrus \"Lupes\" Lupo is a fictional character on the long-running NBC series \"Law & Order\", played by Jeremy Sisto. He replaced Nina Cassady, who was written out of the show due to Milena Govich's departure from the cast. He appeared in 63 episodes. Prior to his transfer to the 27th Detective Squad, Lupo spent four years as a member of the NYPD Intelligence Division investigating terrorist groups overseas in Iraq, Pakistan, and Morocco; while on this assignment, Lupo often worked alone, without backup and unarmed. Lieutenant Anita Van Buren notes Lupo was cited for closing important cases", "title": "Cyrus Lupo" }, { "id": "10772228", "text": "joke throughout the series in which Lupo thinks about \"getting a dog\". He later takes one home, named \"Otto\". He can read Japanese. He is a big fan of graphic novels. Cyrus Lupo Det. Cyrus \"Lupes\" Lupo is a fictional character on the long-running NBC series \"Law & Order\", played by Jeremy Sisto. He replaced Nina Cassady, who was written out of the show due to Milena Govich's departure from the cast. He appeared in 63 episodes. Prior to his transfer to the 27th Detective Squad, Lupo spent four years as a member of the NYPD Intelligence Division investigating terrorist", "title": "Cyrus Lupo" }, { "id": "4676185", "text": "in the Maroon 5 video for the song \"Wake Up Call\". He played a man who was sleeping with the girlfriend of Adam Levine. That same year, he appeared as Earl Hunterson opposite Keri Russell in the comedy-drama film \"Waitress\". In 2008, Sisto joined the cast of the NBC crime drama series \"Law & Order\", as Detective Cyrus Lupo, replacing Milena Govich's Detective Nina Cassady as the partner of Jesse L. Martin's Ed Green. Sisto had already appeared on the show, as a lawyer, in the previous season's finale. Sisto stayed on for the series' final three seasons, and his", "title": "Jeremy Sisto" }, { "id": "14346705", "text": "Steel-Eyed Death \"Steel-Eyed Death\" is the thirteenth episode of the twentieth season of NBC's long-running legal drama \"Law & Order\". A family of four is found murdered in their home by a boy experiencing symptoms of a type of post-traumatic stress disorder. In this episode, Detective Lupo admits he had PTSD and a drinking problem after seeing a horrible crime scene on a past Christmas. \"Steel-Eyed Death\" was directed by Michael Pressman and written by Christopher Ambrose, Julie Martin, and Richard Sweren. Music by Australian horrorcore rap artist KidCrusher is featured in the episode, including the songs \"Killin' Shit\" and", "title": "Steel-Eyed Death" }, { "id": "14595308", "text": "Rubber Room (Law & Order) \"Rubber Room\" is the twenty-third episode of the twentieth season and the series finale of NBC's long-running legal drama \"Law & Order\". In the episode, Detectives Lupo and Bernard search for an anonymous blogger who has posted plans to blow up a school, while Lt. Van Buren struggles to keep her personal issues private. The episode was written and directed by René Balcer and received positive reviews from critics and a 1.9 rating in the 18-49 demographic in its original American broadcast. After Van Buren discovers a blog site featuring video of an alarming amount", "title": "Rubber Room (Law & Order)" }, { "id": "961566", "text": "she is charged with killing her parents and hiding their bodies. In \"First Girl\", Gillespie hires Christine Rankin, Sparta PD's first female black officer. Her life is tragically cut short, making room for her replacement, Luanne Corbin, played by Crystal R. Fox. Luanne would remain a prominent character throughout the rest of the series, although Crystal Fox was listed in the ending credits as a guest star until season seven where she finally appeared in the opening credits. In the two-part episode, \"Citizen Trundel\" (written by O'Connor, Cynthia Deming, and William J. Royce), Harriet DeLong's sister Natalie is murdered by", "title": "In the Heat of the Night (TV series)" }, { "id": "17213238", "text": "series \"In the Heat of the Night\" as of third season, playing Luann Corbin. She was a regular cast member through the series finale in 1995, appearing in more that 100 episodes. In 1990s, Fox also had supporting roles in films \"Drop Squad\" (1994) and \"Once Upon a Time...When We Were Colored\" (1995) opposite Phylicia Rashad and Al Freeman, Jr.. On television, she later guest-starred on \"Law & Order\", \"The Sopranos\", and \"Third Watch\". Fox also co-starred opposite Phylicia Rashad and Debbie Allen in the 2001 PBS production of \"The Old Settler\". Fox has appeared on many stage productions during", "title": "Crystal R. Fox" }, { "id": "4676191", "text": "13, 2009 at New York City Hall. On March 9, 2012, the couple welcomed their second child, a son named Sebastian Kick Sisto. The family resides in Laurel Canyon, Los Angeles. Jeremy Sisto Jeremy Merton Sisto (born October 6, 1974) is an American actor, producer, and writer. Sisto had recurring roles as Billy Chenowith in HBO's \"Six Feet Under\" and as NYPD Detective Cyrus Lupo in NBC's \"Law & Order\". He also starred in the comedy \"Clueless\" (1995), the biblical television film \"Jesus\" (1999), the drama \"Thirteen\" (2003), and the horror film \"Wrong Turn\" (2003). In 2004, he portrayed bigoted", "title": "Jeremy Sisto" }, { "id": "13784920", "text": "The Drowned and the Saved (Law & Order) \"The Drowned and the Saved\" is the nineteenth-season finale of the long-running legal drama \"Law & Order\". The episode had 7.99 million viewers in the Nielsen ratings. Inspired by the corruption charges against Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich, the episode concludes the storyline begun in \"Excalibur.\" The murder of a prominent charity executive leads Detectives Lupo and Bernard down a twisted path of political intrigue. The detectives discover a connection between the murdered executive's secretary, her ex-boyfriend and a top politician's wife. The investigation takes a turn when claims of stalking and blackmail", "title": "The Drowned and the Saved (Law & Order)" }, { "id": "1614736", "text": "with the original Law & Order but stopped after the first episode. The first season later moved to Nine's sister channel Gem on Sunday nights as of February 25, 2018 at 9:10pm with double episodes before moving to single episodes, and later reairing them in the early hours of Monday morning. Gem is currently airing the second season. Season 19 premiered on Network Ten on October 5, 2017 at 9:40pm. As of September 2017, the show is rerun on fellow NBCUniversal network USA, as well as Ion Television, MyNetworkTV's Monday evening lineup, and local stations. The show also briefly ran", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "id": "14328360", "text": "million households, \"Dollhouse\" on Fox with only 2.72 million households and a repeat episode of \"Smallville\" on The CW with only 1.36 million households making \"Law & Order\" the highest rated scripted drama series of the night only to be surpassed by \"Dateline NBC\" which pulled 9.27 million households. Fed (Law & Order) \"Fed\" is the eleventh episode of the twentieth season of NBC's long-running legal drama \"Law & Order\". As election day rapidly approaches, Detectives Lupo and Bernard discover the disfigured remains of a man with the word \"FED\" written across his bare chest. Missing a crucial piece of", "title": "Fed (Law & Order)" }, { "id": "14346708", "text": "aged between 18 and 49, according to Nielsen ratings. The episode had outperformed \"Life Unexpected\" on The CW, which drew only 1.88 million households. \"Steel-Eyed Death\" had 0.98 million viewers less than the episode of \"24\" that aired on Fox that night which drew 8.56 million viewers. Steel-Eyed Death \"Steel-Eyed Death\" is the thirteenth episode of the twentieth season of NBC's long-running legal drama \"Law & Order\". A family of four is found murdered in their home by a boy experiencing symptoms of a type of post-traumatic stress disorder. In this episode, Detective Lupo admits he had PTSD and a", "title": "Steel-Eyed Death" }, { "id": "1614734", "text": "in 2005, Marcia Gay Harden and Leslie Caron in 2007, Cynthia Nixon in 2008, Ellen Burstyn, Brenda Blethyn, and Carol Burnett in 2009, and Ann-Margret in 2010. The series won the award for Plummer in 2005, Caron in 2007, Nixon in 2008, Burstyn in 2009, and Margret in 2010. \"Law and Order SVU\" airs on NBC in the United States. All seasons, including the season that is currently on the air, are available to stream on Hulu (with a subscription). The latest 5 episodes can be watched for free on NBC.com and the NBC app. Outside of SVOD and NBC", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "id": "4228611", "text": "\"Justice League\". In 2004, Rolston would guest star in two episodes of the critically acclaimed \"24\". He appeared in a minor role in The CW series \"Supernatural\" during the fourth season as the demon Alastair. He also appeared as Sheriff Hall in the \"Criminal Minds\" episode, \"Blood Hungry\". He had voice acting roles in the video games \"Blade Runner\" and \"Turok\" and \"Halo 4\". He voiced Deathstroke in \"\" in 2013 and in \"\" in 2015. He has a recurring role as Lex Luthor in the animated series \"Young Justice\"; his \"Shawshank Redemption\" co-star Clancy Brown also played Luthor for", "title": "Mark Rolston" }, { "id": "9535778", "text": "Little Whorehouse in Texas\", in addition to many other main-stage theatrical roles in Texas. She sang with the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. In her later years, she became known for her roles in horror films, including the 2003 remake of \"The Texas Chainsaw Massacre\", starring Jessica Biel. Marich reprised her role as Luda Mae Hewitt in the 2006 prequel, \"\". In 2013, she replaced fellow veteran actress Tippi Hedren in \"House of Good and Evil\". Marich was married to former radio host Bob Marich who predeceased her in 2012. They had a son, actor Michael Marich (1969–1996), and a daughter, Allison,", "title": "Marietta Marich" }, { "id": "14554270", "text": "Law & Order: LA Law & Order: LA, originally titled Law & Order: Los Angeles, is an American police procedural and legal drama television series set in Los Angeles, where it was produced. Created and produced by Dick Wolf and developed by Blake Masters, it premiered on NBC on September 29, 2010, as the fifth series in Wolf's successful \"Law & Order\" franchise. \"Law & Order: LA\" debuted after the original \"Law & Order\" ended its 20-year run the previous spring. The show received a full season pickup on October 18, 2010. On January 18, 2011, however, NBC announced that", "title": "Law & Order: LA" }, { "id": "4676178", "text": "Jeremy Sisto Jeremy Merton Sisto (born October 6, 1974) is an American actor, producer, and writer. Sisto had recurring roles as Billy Chenowith in HBO's \"Six Feet Under\" and as NYPD Detective Cyrus Lupo in NBC's \"Law & Order\". He also starred in the comedy \"Clueless\" (1995), the biblical television film \"Jesus\" (1999), the drama \"Thirteen\" (2003), and the horror film \"Wrong Turn\" (2003). In 2004, he portrayed bigoted baseball player Shane Mungitt in \"Take Me Out\", for which he was nominated for a Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award for Featured Performance in a Play. In 2006, Sisto starred", "title": "Jeremy Sisto" }, { "id": "14554285", "text": "in 10.6 million viewers and averaging a 3.2 rating with viewers ages 18–49. That was enough to dominate the 10 p.m. slot, and give NBC its biggest show of the week so far, and improve the network's time slot average by 63 percent versus last season. Although when it returned revamped on Monday night on April 11, 2011 back-to-back, the episodes together averaged 6.10 million viewers with a 1.5/4% rating with viewers ages 18–49. Law & Order: LA Law & Order: LA, originally titled Law & Order: Los Angeles, is an American police procedural and legal drama television series set", "title": "Law & Order: LA" }, { "id": "17872733", "text": "Paul Sparer Paul Sparer (December 19, 1923, in Boston, Massachusetts – November 19, 1999) was an American character actor. He appeared as Rex Cooper in the soap operas \"Somerset\" and \"Another World\". He was also known for narrating the anthology TV series \"Tales from the Darkside\". His film roles include \"Loving\" and \"The House on Carroll Street\" while television appearances include \"Armstrong Circle Theater\", \"Kojak\", \"The Adams Chronicles\", \"Lou Grant\" and \"\". Sparer also played Dr. Edward Auster in the first episode of \"Law & Order\", \"Prescription for Death\". Sparer was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He was married to actress", "title": "Paul Sparer" }, { "id": "17213241", "text": "series regular role for the second season of HBO drama series \"Big Little Lies\" as Zoë Kravitz’s character mother Elizabeth Howard. Crystal R. Fox Crystal R. Fox (born October 14, 1965) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her roles as Luann Corbin in the NBC/CBS police drama series \"In the Heat of the Night\" (1989-1995), and as Hanna Young in the Oprah Winfrey Network prime time soap opera, \"The Haves and the Have Nots\" (2013–present). Fox was born in Tryon, North Carolina. She made her big screen debut playing Katie Bell in the Academy Award-winning", "title": "Crystal R. Fox" }, { "id": "8432165", "text": "Prescription for Death \"Prescription for Death\" is the first episode of the long-running crime drama television series \"Law & Order\". It was aired on September 13, 1990. Although it was the first episode of the series to air, it is not the pilot. The pilot episode, \"Everybody's Favorite Bagman\", which was filmed two years prior to the rest of the first season, was aired as the sixth episode. \"Prescription for Death\" is based upon the death of Libby Zion. Suzanne Morton dies after a visit to a hospital emergency room during a hectic night shift. Her father (John Spencer), a", "title": "Prescription for Death" }, { "id": "7488046", "text": "Silvana Gallardo Sandra Silvana Gallardo (January 13, 1953 – January 2, 2012) was an American film and television actress. Born in New York City, Gallardo's television credits include episodes of \"Starsky & Hutch\", \"Lou Grant\", \"Quincy\", \"Hill Street Blues\", \"Cagney & Lacey\", \"Kojak\", \"Falcon Crest\", \"Trapper John, M.D.\", \"The Golden Girls\", \"Knots Landing\", \"MacGyver\", \"L.A. Law\", \"Babylon 5\", \"ER\" and \"NYPD Blue\". She also appeared in films including \"Windwalker\", \"Death Wish II\", and \"Silence of the Heart\". She was also an acting coach and writer. Sandra Silvana Gallardo was the creator of the \"Gallardo Method,\" a method of acting where", "title": "Silvana Gallardo" }, { "id": "17872734", "text": "Nancy Marchand. Paul Sparer Paul Sparer (December 19, 1923, in Boston, Massachusetts – November 19, 1999) was an American character actor. He appeared as Rex Cooper in the soap operas \"Somerset\" and \"Another World\". He was also known for narrating the anthology TV series \"Tales from the Darkside\". His film roles include \"Loving\" and \"The House on Carroll Street\" while television appearances include \"Armstrong Circle Theater\", \"Kojak\", \"The Adams Chronicles\", \"Lou Grant\" and \"\". Sparer also played Dr. Edward Auster in the first episode of \"Law & Order\", \"Prescription for Death\". Sparer was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He was married", "title": "Paul Sparer" }, { "id": "14554273", "text": "received a full season pickup on October 18, 2010. It underwent a cast shake-up for a creative overhaul in January 2011; Skeet Ulrich, Regina Hall, and Megan Boone departed the cast. The show jumped to the episodes with the new cast airing first. The remaining episodes with the original cast began airing on May 30, 2011 with the episode \"Plummer Park\". The show was originally broadcast in the Wednesday 10:00 p.m. timeslot after \"\" on NBC. Following the hiatus, the series moved to Monday nights at 10:00 p.m. NBC canceled \"Law & Order: LA\" on May 13, 2011, almost one", "title": "Law & Order: LA" }, { "id": "17213237", "text": "Crystal R. Fox Crystal R. Fox (born October 14, 1965) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her roles as Luann Corbin in the NBC/CBS police drama series \"In the Heat of the Night\" (1989-1995), and as Hanna Young in the Oprah Winfrey Network prime time soap opera, \"The Haves and the Have Nots\" (2013–present). Fox was born in Tryon, North Carolina. She made her big screen debut playing Katie Bell in the Academy Award-winning comedy-drama film \"Driving Miss Daisy\" (1989) starring Morgan Freeman and Jessica Tandy. She later joined the cast of NBC police drama", "title": "Crystal R. Fox" }, { "id": "16676459", "text": "for directing television series such as \"Law & Order\" and its spinoff \"\". Platt has been nominated for three Emmy's whilst working on \"Law & Order\". Daniel Licht who has worked on the series since its inception, returned to compose the music for the episode. Actor John Magaro – best known for his role in the film \"My Soul to Take\" – guest starred in the episode as Chuck Foster. Recurring cast member Joanna Cassidy returned in this episode, with this being Cassidy's first appearance since season one's sixth episode \"Society Hill\", however she was mentioned in this episode's previous", "title": "Buried Secrets (Body of Proof)" }, { "id": "4221718", "text": "She had a minor role in Episode 15, \"Spy Something or Get Out\", of \"Little Mosque on the Prairie\". Bee also appeared in the 12th episode of Season 20 of \"Law & Order\" (\"Blackmail\", episode 445), which aired on January 15, 2010. She played a minor role in an episode of the HBO series \"Bored to Death\". She appeared as herself on the \"Madame President\" episode of \"The Electric Company\". Bee also did a guest voice role of a talk show hostess named Pam in the Season 2 finale of \"Bob's Burgers\", in addition to providing the voice for Lyla", "title": "Samantha Bee" }, { "id": "14535265", "text": "women who have committed this type of crime. Diane Neal, who portrayed ADA Casey Novak from the until the end of the , reprised her role for the episode \"Reparations\" along with \"\" actor Terrence Howard, whose character () comes to New York to defend his cousin. This episode was the second crossover-episode with \"Law & Order: LA\" of the season. Lori Singer played Dede, a mother whose baby is kidnapped in the episode \"Bang\". John Stamos guest starred in the same episode playing an adoption attorney with a secret passion. Rita Wilson played Bree Mazelon, the protective mother of", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 12)" }, { "id": "1483933", "text": "after one season, with the explanation being that Detective Cassady's assignment to the precinct had been temporary and had been transferred out. She was replaced by Jeremy Sisto, who had previously guest starred as a defense attorney in the Season 17 episode \"The Family Hour\", as Detective Cyrus Lupo. Around the same time, Thompson announced he would leave the show to seek the 2008 Republican presidential nomination. (No explanation was given within the show regarding Arthur Branch's off-screen departure.) Waterston's character was promoted to Interim District Attorney (later made full District Attorney in Season 20) and his former position was", "title": "Law & Order" }, { "id": "1483950", "text": "events could have had under other circumstances. Some real-life crime victims have felt used and exploited, with one lawyer, Ravi Batra, going so far as to sue the show in 2004 for libel. \"Law & Order\" premiered September 13, 1990, and aired on NBC, with 456 episodes having been produced. The show premiered September 13, 1990, and ended on May 24, 2010. 456 episodes were aired and produced. The show ran for twenty seasons on NBC. It was NBC's longest running crime drama, and tied for longest running primetime scripted drama with \"Gunsmoke\". The first two seasons were broadcast Tuesdays", "title": "Law & Order" }, { "id": "19349594", "text": "v Emily: Dawn of Justice\" in Canada, several regions of the US and on the NBC website, the running order had been changed because of the prominence of a chemical gas attack in the episode which similarly occurred in Syria just before the episode was aired. \"Win, Luthor, Draw\" was subsequently released on DC Comics' YouTube channel on June 16, 2017, six days after Adam West's death. After the original pilot was shown at Comic Con 2016, reviews were generally positive. Eric Goldman of IGN gave it a 7.5/10 saying \"it's very endearing and amusing and has me looking forward", "title": "Powerless (TV series)" }, { "id": "1483900", "text": "Law & Order Law & Order is an American police procedural and legal drama television series created by Dick Wolf, launching the \"Law & Order\" franchise. Airing its entire run on NBC, \"Law & Order\" premiered on September 13, 1990 and completed its twentieth and final season on May 24, 2010. Set and filmed in New York City, the series follows a two-part approach: the first half-hour is the investigation of a crime (usually murder) and apprehension of a suspect by New York City Police Department detectives; the second half is the prosecution of the defendant by the Manhattan District", "title": "Law & Order" }, { "id": "14980111", "text": "Jay O. Sanders joined the cast as Captain Joseph Hannah, replacing Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio (Captain Zoe Callas). Sanders has appeared in episodes of both the original \"Law & Order\" and \"L&O: Criminal Intent\". Chris Brancato replaced Walon Green as show runner/executive producer. Green was show runner/EP throughout seasons and . Former show runner/executive producer Warren Leight wrote the episode \"Trophy Wine\", along with all the scenes with D'Onofrio and Julia Ormond, and the final scenes in the finale, \"To the Boy In the Blue Knit Cap\". Co-creator, developer, and former show runner/EP René Balcer re-wrote the finale as well, but", "title": "Law & Order: Criminal Intent (season 10)" }, { "id": "18848696", "text": "Don't Let's Start (Grey's Anatomy) \"Don't Let's Start\" is the 6th episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 226th episode overall. It aired on October 30, 2014 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Austin Guzman and directed by Rob Greenlea. On its initial airing, it was watched by 8.08 million viewers. The episode received positive reviews from critics. The episode's title is a reference to the song with the same name by They Might Be Giants. The episode aired on October 30, 2014 on American Broadcasting", "title": "Don't Let's Start (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "17227709", "text": "watch \"NCIS\".\" Michelle Calbert of BuddyTV later listed \"Truth or Consequences\" among \"The 10 Best 'Tiva' Episodes\" of the show's ten year run. Truth or Consequences (NCIS) \"Truth or Consequences\" is the first episode of the seventh season of the American police procedural drama \"NCIS\", and the 139th episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on September 22, 2009. The episode is written by Jesse Stern and directed by Dennis Smith, and was seen live by 20.61 million viewers. \"Truth or Consequences\" follows \"Aliyah\", the sixth season finale, and carries the plot surrounding Ziva's captivity. In", "title": "Truth or Consequences (NCIS)" }, { "id": "17205142", "text": "in episode nine, \"Gut Check\". Scott Bakula was considered for an undisclosed recurring role this season. He was later cast as Dwayne Pride in \"\". <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Works cited General references NCIS (season 11) The eleventh season of the police procedural drama \"NCIS\" premiered on September 24, 2013, in the same time slot as the previous seasons, Tuesdays at 8 pm. Special Agent Ziva David (de Pablo), departs during the season with her final appearance being in \"Past, Present and Future\". The episode \"Crescent City (Part I)\", which aired on March 25, 2014, serves as the first of a two-part", "title": "NCIS (season 11)" }, { "id": "20154813", "text": "Waterston's fourth guest appearance on \"SVU\". In the episode \"Pathological\", Tamara Tunie (M.E. Melinda Warner), Carolyn McCormick (Dr. Elizabeth Olivet), and Jenna Stern (Judge Elana Barth) returned as their respective characters. The episode aired on January 10, 2018. McCormick also guest starred in the season finale. On December 14, 2017, Martin Donovan and Yasmine Al Massri were confirmed to guest star in an episode titled \"Flight Risk\" based on the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse allegations. The episode was about sexual assault in the airline industry and aired on January 17, 2018. On January 31, 2018, Rhea Seehorn guest starred in", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19)" }, { "id": "5191047", "text": "March guest starred on \"30 Rock\", \"Grey's Anatomy\", \"Rescue Me\", and \"Happy Endings\". She was regular cast member on the short-lived CBS legal comedy-drama, \"Made in Jersey\" in 2012, but left the series after the pilot episode. March is best known for her role as Assistant District Attorney Alexandra Cabot on the NBC crime legal drama series, \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\", a role she played from 2000 to 2003. She departed in the season 5 episode \"Loss\", when Cabot is shot and placed in witness protection. She returned to the series for a six-episode arc in season 10", "title": "Stephanie March" }, { "id": "16797779", "text": "Above Suspicion (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit) \"Above Suspicion\" is the second episode of the of the police procedural television series \"\" and the 297th overall episode. It originally aired on the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in the United States on September 26, 2012, after the episode \"Lost Reputation\". In the episode, continuing after the previous one, the case against Captain Cragen (Dann Florek) sets in motion after he is arrested for the murder of escort Carissa Gibson (Pippa Black); meanwhile, Detective Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay) has to keep her partner calm, deal with Detective Brian Cassidy's (Dean Winters)", "title": "Above Suspicion (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit)" }, { "id": "3438009", "text": "Network Ten first broadcast the series in the 1980s and 1990s. 7TWO began showing reruns in June 2011. Warner Home Video released the first three seasons on DVD in Region 1. Seasons 4–9 were released as Manufacture-on-Demand (MOD) DVDs as part of the Warner Archive Collection. Special releases The \"Television Favorites\" compilation DVD included the pilot episode, \"All You Need Is Love\"; both parts of the fourth-season finale, \"Her Honor\"; the fifth-season episodes \"Death of a Bailiff\" and \"Who Was That Mashed Man?\"; and the sixth-season episode \"Fire\", which marked the beginning of Harry's relationship with Christine. Harry Anderson, Markie", "title": "Night Court" }, { "id": "10066848", "text": "series aired in 2015. In 2015, Wight originated the title role in the play \"McQueen\" at the St. James Theatre, London. In 2016, he voiced Ludovico in Hattie Naylor's adaptation of \"The Mysteries of Udolpho\", broadcast on BBC Radio 4. Stephen Wight Stephen Gray (born 27 February 1980), known professionally as Stephen Wight, is an English actor. He received a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Newcomer in a Play nomination for his performance in the 2007 production of \"Dealer's Choice\". Wight's television career dates back to 2003 with a minor part in \"Casualty\". He is best known for his role", "title": "Stephen Wight" }, { "id": "20154811", "text": "starred in the episode, titled \"No Good Reason\", which aired on NBC, October 18, 2017. Another Broadway star, Christiane Noll, guest starred in the episode \"Unintended Consequences\" as Sarah Curtis \"After 19 years on the air, I will finally be appearing as a guest star on episode #19006 of \"Law & Order: SVU\"! I am really excited because this is my first big guest starring role,\" Noll told \"Playbill\". Peter Scolari guest starred along with Noll in \"Unintended Consequences\" as Dr. Dennis Barkley. In October 2017, \"THR\" announced Melora Walters and Joanna Going would guest star in a special episode", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19)" }, { "id": "20817342", "text": "a recurring role this season, as Dr. Lisa Abernathy, a clinical psychologist that consults on cases for the district attorney's office. Holt previously guest starred in the seventeenth season. On September 27, 2018, \"Entertainment Weekly\" reported that Sebastian Roché would guest star as Arlo Beck, the charismatic leader of a female empowerment group, in the episode \"Accredo\", which aired October 18, 2018. Roché previously made two guest appearances on the flagship series, \"Law & Order\". Sasha Alexander guest starred as Anna Mill, a woman who murdered her husband and two children in the November 1st episode \"Caretaker.\" <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Law", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 20)" }, { "id": "18250878", "text": "\"TV Highlights,\" while Alison Willmore from IndieWire thought the episode was worth a look. Andrew Murfett from \"The Sydney Morning Herald\" named it \"show of the week\" when it was broadcast in Australia. A reporter for the \"Belfast Telegraph\" included the episode in their TV Choice feature and commented, \"not many TV shows can claim they've reached a 300th episode, but \"Law & Order: SVU\" can claim that, in style, as a familiar situation arises.\" The episode was revisited three years later in the episode \"Depravity Standard\", broadcast on November 18, 2015. The plot focuses on Lewis Hodda's trial and", "title": "Manhattan Vigil" }, { "id": "4846863", "text": "appeared in the Globe Theatre production of Shakespeare's \"Henry IV, Part 1\". He starred in the 2004 \"Doctor Who\" audio series \"Dalek Empire III\". He is currently appearing in the Channel 4 series \"Cast Offs\". In December 2011 he was seen in Episode One of the ITV drama \"Without You\". In February 2012 Gaunt appeared in \"Midsomer Murders\" as Ludo DeQuetteville in the episode \"The Dark Rider\", first aired on ITV1 on Wednesday 1 February 2012. This is his second appearance in this series, after playing Michael Bannerman in the 2004 episode \"The Maid in Splendour\". In May 2015, Gaunt", "title": "William Gaunt" }, { "id": "14554276", "text": "the series, and stating that the season would end with a cliff-hanger. (However, due to the episodes being aired out of sequence, the episode he referred to, \"Hayden Tract\", was in fact not the final episode to be aired.) \"Law & Order: LA\" marks the third \"Law & Order\" series to be canceled by NBC; the second to be canceled after only one season, \"\"—canceled in 2005—being the first. The first casting was announced in June 2010 when Skeet Ulrich was cast as LAPD ; as the result of a creative overhaul, Ulrich's character was killed in the line of", "title": "Law & Order: LA" }, { "id": "14256504", "text": "dig deeper. By the end of the episode, all charges against Green are dropped. Lieutenant Van Buren assures him that he is welcome back on the force, but Green, unhappy with having \"broken every rule in the book\", decides to leave the squad. Lupo is given Green's position of senior partner, and Bernard - who had earlier shared with Van Buren his desire to transfer to Homicide - becomes Lupo's new partner. Burn Card \"Burn Card\" is an eighteenth season episode of the long-running legal drama \"Law & Order\". It marks the resignation of the principal character, Detective Ed Green", "title": "Burn Card" }, { "id": "14595312", "text": "ended with its cast in the buffet line for heaven, and the show that ended with its homicidal hero on his way to retirement at the beach. And then there was the best finale of all: the show that ended with a very sick police lieutenant excusing herself to take a phone call and getting good news. The last episode of \"Law & Order\" written and directed by the show’s longtime executive producer Rene Balcer, was finished before the series’s cancellation was announced this month. Yet it managed to be an entirely appropriate send-off, and its low-key last moments were", "title": "Rubber Room (Law & Order)" }, { "id": "20154814", "text": "an episode titled \"Info Wars\", inspired by the Charlottesville riots and the website InfoWars. Rhea's character was inspired by InfoWars reporter Millie Weaver. On March 5, 2018, it was revealed that Stephanie March would reprise her role as ADA Alexandra Cabot in an episode titled \"Sunk Cost Fallacy\" that aired on April 18, 2018. It marked March's first appearance on the show since . <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19) The nineteenth season of \"\" premiered on September 27, 2017 and finished on May 23, 2018 with a two-part season finale. Michael S. Chernuchin, who had", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19)" }, { "id": "8815614", "text": "gets newer evidence admitted after her rapist strikes again. Caron's scene, which was spoken predominantly in French, was described as \"a rare appearance in front of American cameras.\" Jerry Lewis guest starred in the fourth episode \"Uncle\". He played Andrew Munch, the uncle of Detective John Munch. Neal Baer promoted the episode by saying \"He brings both depth and heart to this role and gives insight into how often older people with depression are misdiagnosed.\" In the fifth episode \"Confrontation\", Elanor Hutchins played Elizabeth Hassenback, a woman who was raped and later murdered. Elizabeth Hasselbeck, co-host of \"The View\", objected", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 8)" }, { "id": "6537498", "text": "which later aired on PBS. He also worked as an assistant editor to Francis Ford Coppola, and also directed industrial films for AT&T and Pepsi-Cola. He also made his television debut with shorts for NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\". John David Coles John David Coles is an American film and television director. He directed five episodes of the HBO sitcom \"Sex and the City\", as well as episodes of \"Grey's Anatomy\", \"Law & Order\", \"The West Wing\", \"Desperate Housewives\", \"Homeland\", and \"11.22.63\". Coles served as a producer on \"Wonderland\", \"Elementary\", and \"Songs in Ordinary Time\". In 2015 Coles was nominated for", "title": "John David Coles" }, { "id": "10461020", "text": "of \"Grey's Anatomy\" the 5th episode in Season 5 of \"One Tree Hill\", the 6th episode of season 3 of \"Friday Night Lights\" and the 12th episode of Season 5 of \"Ghost Whisperer\". It was also featured on \"The Hills\", \"Lipstick Jungle\", \"NCIS\", \"Weeds\", \"Pretty Little Liars\", and The Client List. There are two videos for the song, one for Australia and one for the United States. The Australian video premiered at midnight (12am AEST) on 26 June 2007 via Higgins' MySpace page. The video was directed by Australian filmmakers Paul Goldman and Alice Bell, who were also responsible for", "title": "Where I Stood" }, { "id": "1614735", "text": "platforms, most episodes (outside of seasons 2-4 in the United States for reasons unknown) can be found on electronic sell-through platforms such as iTunes and Amazon Video. The show airs every Thursday night, on Network Ten in Australia, with a new episode usually followed by a repeat and occasionally shows repeats on other nights. Ten's digital channel One sometimes shows Seasons One-Three on Friday or Saturday nights, but is not currently airing these seasons at the moment. From the 29th of August 2017, Channel Nine started airing the first season at a late night slot, which it has also done", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "id": "14733656", "text": "Director. He is a member of the Actors Studio. His first film appearance was in \"Dirty Dancing\", followed by more than 25 films, including Taylor Hackford's \"The Devil's Advocate\" (one of four films in which he appears with Al Pacino), \"In America\" and \"G.I. Jane\". He was nominated for Best Supporting Actor at the 2008 Malibu International Film Festival for his role in the independent film \"Mona\". Jones also has appeared in several television series, including \"The Sopranos\", \"Sex and the City\", \"Law & Order\", and \"Criminal Minds\" (as Karl Arnold aka The Fox). He appeared in seven episodes of", "title": "Neal Jones" }, { "id": "17569180", "text": "Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (NCIS) \"Whiskey Tango Foxtrot\" is the first episode of the eleventh season of the American police procedural drama \"NCIS\", and the 235th episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on September 24, 2013. The episode is written by Gary Glasberg and directed by Tony Wharmby, and was seen by 20.02 million viewers. In the aftermath of the Season 10 finale, Gibbs' team has been left divided as Tony and McGee attempt to adjust to life as civilians while Ziva has returned home to Israel. Parsons' investigation into Gibbs' team continues but things take", "title": "Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (NCIS)" }, { "id": "14328357", "text": "Fed (Law & Order) \"Fed\" is the eleventh episode of the twentieth season of NBC's long-running legal drama \"Law & Order\". As election day rapidly approaches, Detectives Lupo and Bernard discover the disfigured remains of a man with the word \"FED\" written across his bare chest. Missing a crucial piece of evidence, the detectives decide to retrace the steps of the victim, a campaign volunteer. After the victim's perplexing past emerges and the list of suspects multiplies, the detectives find themselves dealing with more than just dirty politics. Rey Curtis, having recently lost his wife Deborah, has come back to", "title": "Fed (Law & Order)" }, { "id": "2950915", "text": "that he sang in \"Beauty and the Beast\". He later reprised his voice role of Lumière for the film's direct-to-video sequels, multiple episodes of \"Disney's House of Mouse\", and the previously-deleted song (\"Human Again\") that was added to the \"Beauty and the Beast\" 2002 IMAX re-release. In 1992, Orbach joined the main ensemble cast of \"Law & Order\" as the world-weary, wisecracking, streetwise NYPD homicide detective Lennie Briscoe. He had previously guest-starred as a defense attorney on the series, and was subsequently cast as the new \"senior detective\" following Paul Sorvino's departure. Orbach's portrayal of Detective Briscoe was based on", "title": "Jerry Orbach" }, { "id": "5314479", "text": "York County District Attorney, at the Manhattan DA's office. The first thirty minutes of an episode typically features a lead detective trio (in the final season, Jeremy Sisto, Anthony Anderson, and S. Epatha Merkerson), while the second thirty minutes follows their legal counterparts (in the final season, Alana de la Garza, Linus Roache, and Sam Waterston). On May 14, 2010, NBC announced that it was canceling the original series, although various spin-offs will continue. The series finale aired on May 24, 2010. Wolf briefly attempted to continue the series on cable, but the series \"moved into the history books\". \"SVU\"", "title": "Law & Order (franchise)" }, { "id": "10424073", "text": "for the Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actor. He also starred in the movie \"Levity\" and was a guest on the television show \"Las Vegas\". He was also appeared on Law and Order: Special Victims Unit- 'Tangled' episode in 2001. where he played Jesse Kleberg. In 2008, he appeared again as Donald 'Dizzer' Zuccho, in the 'Babies' episode. Geoffrey currently lives in New York City and works as a real estate agent for the Halstead Group in Manhattan. Geoffrey Wigdor Geoffrey Wigdor (born January 23, 1982) is an American actor. He is", "title": "Geoffrey Wigdor" }, { "id": "5006890", "text": "at the same time. The film was well received by critics, but it didn't perform well at the box office. In 2001 Martin directed \"Prison Song\". She has directed episodes of TV shows like \"Law & Order\", \"Grey's Anatomy\" and \"The Walking Dead\". In 2008, Martin returned to the big screen in which she wrote and directed a musical-drama film based on Leonard Chess and the singers who recorded for Chess Records titled \"Cadillac Records\". In 2012, she directed the well-received television film \"Firelight\". In 2016 she directed the Walking Dead episode \"Go Getters\" from season 7. Darnell Martin Darnell", "title": "Darnell Martin" }, { "id": "8275923", "text": "a worthy successor to Jill Hennessy and Angie Harmon, my previous favorites in this often-thankless role. She is tough and aggressive, but always sympathetic, as she is forced to go up against her colleague Cutter in court as a temporary (and very reluctant) defense attorney, called into action because the Legal Aid lawyers are all on strike.\" De la Garza has been credited in 85 episodes of \"Law & Order\" and eight episodes of \"Law & Order: LA\", and one episode of \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\", a total of 94 episodes; her 85 episodes as an ADA makes", "title": "Connie Rubirosa" }, { "id": "7306765", "text": "International Mystery Writers Festival. His work has been recognized outside the entertainment community: in 1999 and 2000, he received the Silver Gavel Award from the American Bar Association for his \"Law & Order\" episodes \"DWB\" and \"Hate\"; in 2004, he received a Margaret Sanger Award from Planned Parenthood for his \"Law & Order: Criminal Intent\" episode \"The Third Horseman\"; in 2010, he received the Champion of Justice award from the Washington-based Alliance for Justice, for his work on the \"Law & Order\" episode \"Memo from the Dark Side\". In 2004, he was awarded the \"Alumnus of the Year\" from Concordia", "title": "René Balcer" }, { "id": "7488051", "text": "work of the late Brooklyn Poet Laureate Ken Siegelman. While residing in Paris, Kentucky, Gallardo died on January 2, 2012, eleven days before her 59th birthday, at Jewish Hospital, Louisville. A cause of death was not released. Silvana Gallardo Sandra Silvana Gallardo (January 13, 1953 – January 2, 2012) was an American film and television actress. Born in New York City, Gallardo's television credits include episodes of \"Starsky & Hutch\", \"Lou Grant\", \"Quincy\", \"Hill Street Blues\", \"Cagney & Lacey\", \"Kojak\", \"Falcon Crest\", \"Trapper John, M.D.\", \"The Golden Girls\", \"Knots Landing\", \"MacGyver\", \"L.A. Law\", \"Babylon 5\", \"ER\" and \"NYPD Blue\". She", "title": "Silvana Gallardo" }, { "id": "13637892", "text": "same way Rollins' segments take place at his house. In 2009, Garofalo joined the cast of \"24\", where she starred as Janis Gold. In 2010, Garofalo joined the cast of \"Ideal\" as Tilly. She was a cast member of the \"Criminal Minds\" short-lived spinoff TV series \"\" in 2011. In 2014, she portrayed Lyla, an entertainment lawyer, in seven episodes of the TV series \"Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce\". In 2015, she starred alongside most of the original cast in the Netflix eight-episode prequel to the 2001 comedy film \"Wet Hot American Summer\". In 2017, Garofalo starred in E4's comedy-drama series", "title": "Janeane Garofalo" }, { "id": "20667263", "text": "by Yūichirō Yano, reprising his role from 2015's \"\". It was written by Ichirō Ōkouchi alongside Gō Zappa, Daisuke Sakō, Kazushige Nojima, Takahiro Okura, Yuniko Ayana, Keiichi Sigsawa and Shatner Nishida, and featured character designs by Hisao Yokobori. The series was announced at Japan Expo in Paris in 2017, and aired for 24 episodes from April 4, 2018 to September 18, 2018 on NTV, NTV+, KNB, STV, CTV, FBS, SDT, YTV, TSB, and NKT. It is also streamed by Hulu in Japan, and is simulcast by Crunchyroll in Japanese with English subtitles. It will be released on home video in", "title": "Lupin the Third Part 5" }, { "id": "10456607", "text": "as intended by the writers - the title cards for \"Ripped\" have it taking place closer to the end of the season. The episode that follows \"911\" chronologically is the fifth episode of the season, \"Strain\". Christopher Meloni appears in neither \"911\" nor \"Strain\" coinciding with an in-universe absence of Elliot Stabler while he was working on another case. During its October 4, 2005 broadcast on NBC, \"911\" was watched by 16.24 million viewers and achieved a 5.8 rating in the 18–49 age demographic. Mariska Hargitay won an Emmy Award at the 58th Primetime Emmy Awards for \"Outstanding Lead Actress", "title": "911 (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit)" }, { "id": "5420888", "text": "he considered \"90% of police to be corrupt at the time, and that there has been no significant change since then.\" For the series' thirtieth anniversary in April 2008, it was released on a limited edition DVD via 2\|Entertain. In April 2018, BBC Four announced that the series would be rebroadcast on television for the first time to mark the series' fortieth anniversary. This statement was inaccurate, as a full repeat had previously been broadcast on BBC4 from 24 March to 14 April 2009. The 2018 repeats began at 10:00pm on Thursdays from 12 April 2018. The series was highly", "title": "Law & Order (UK TV series)" }, { "id": "6562830", "text": "was recruited to play Kincaid in some courtroom scenes filmed for the \"Law & Order\" episode \"Corpus Delicti\", which aired in January 1996. In 2008, Hennessy was hired to narrate W Network's and HGTV's \"Love it or List it\". Jacqueline Hennessy Jacqueline Hennessy (born November 25, 1968) is a Canadian journalist, television host, and occasional actress. She is the identical twin sister of actress Jill Hennessy. The Hennessy twins were born in Edmonton, Alberta, of Irish, Italian, Swedish, French, and Ukrainian descent. Jacqueline has a doctorate in French Literature. Hennessy currently hosts the current affairs program \"Medical Intelligence\" for Rogers", "title": "Jacqueline Hennessy" }, { "id": "9267366", "text": "early 1990s, Alexander studied at the American Film Institute, where he became interested in directing. His television credits include 32 episodes of \"Law & Order\" (on which his stepfather, Edwin Sherin served as an executive producer) and 18 episodes of \"Rescue Me\", in addition to \"\", \"Arli$$\", \"\", \"The Practice\", \"Ally McBeal\", \"Third Watch\", \"House M.D.\", \"Prison Break\", \"Golden Boy, \" and the pilots for \"Burn Notice\", \"Warehouse 13\", \"Royal Pains\", \"Edgar Floats\", and \"Three Inches.\" Alexander was Second Vice-President of the Directors Guild of America, but resigned only two months later following his arrest on child pornography charges. He", "title": "Jace Alexander" }, { "id": "1483915", "text": "leave midway through the next season, citing the exhausting schedule demanded by the filming of the show, a need to broaden his horizons, and the desire to preserve his vocal cords for singing opera as reasons for leaving the show. Sergeant Cerreta was written off as having been shot in the line of duty and transferring to a desk job at another precinct. To replace Sorvino on the series, Wolf cast Jerry Orbach (who had previously guest starred as a defense attorney in the Season 2 episode \"The Wages of Love\") in the role of Detective Leonard W. \"Lennie\" Briscoe.", "title": "Law & Order" }, { "id": "17814702", "text": "is Tom Harper. The soundtrack was composed by Martin Phipps. The series was filmed in Russia, Lithuania and Latvia with Arri Alexa digital cameras. Anamorphic lenses were used, for their bokeh focus fall-off effects. In the UK the drama consists of five 60-minute episodes and one 82-minute finale, broadcast on BBC One beginning 3 January 2016 at 9pm. In the U.S. broadcasting began on 18 January 2016 and the series was simulcast across three networks: A&E, Lifetime, and History Channel. It aired in four two-hour blocks over four weeks, at 9pm ET/PT, on Lifetime. In Canada, the show airs at", "title": "War & Peace (2016 TV series)" }, { "id": "12540965", "text": "lives in Malibu. He quickly applied to and attended the directing program at UCLA. He is an American television director of shows such as \"\", \"Chicago Fire\", \"Animal Kingdom\" and \"Grey's Anatomy\", and \"Station 19\". He has appeared as an actor in episodes of \"NYPD Blue\", \"Sex and the City\", \"Criminal Minds\" and \"Law and Order\", among other roles. In 2016, for the 15th anniversary of his award-winning 9/11 documentary series, Hanlon went back to New York City. He served as executive producer, director and cinematographer for CNN's \"9/11: Fifteen Years Later\". James Hanlon James Hanlon (born 1966) is known", "title": "James Hanlon" }, { "id": "11074000", "text": "earlier following the departure of Dennis Farina (Joe Fontana). She was replaced by Jeremy Sisto, who had guest starred as a defense attorney in the 17th season finale, as Detective Ed Green's new partner Cyrus Lupo. Rounding out the list of departures was Jesse L. Martin, who announced he was leaving the series after portraying Det. Ed Green since 1999. Martin, who was scheduled to appear in only 13 episodes this season, announced the move in February 2008 and made his final appearance in \"Burn Card\". Anthony Anderson, who made his debut as Detective Kevin Bernard in the same episode,", "title": "Law & Order (season 18)" }, { "id": "17469816", "text": "\"Law & Order\". Richard also had supporting roles on highly popular television shows like \"Chicago Hope, Frasier, Rescue Me, Married with Children\" and the HBO series, \"Luck\". In his first movie role, Richard was cast in the Sidney Lumet film \"Before the Devil Knows You’re Dead\", which movie critic Roger Ebert reviewed as “a superb crime melodrama.” In the film, Lublin plays “Mourner #4” and has dialog scenes with noted actors Albert Finney, Philip Seymour Hoffman, and Ethan Hawke. In 2017, Richard is performing in a new feature film \"The Land of Steady Habits\", written and directed by Nicole Holofcener.", "title": "Richard K. Lublin" }, { "id": "15448504", "text": "jury foreperson asks if any jail time is necessary. Law and Order is considered by some 'the best drama on network television.' Since first featuring in 1999, the franchise had produced hundreds of episodes and multiple seasons. Despite this critics are sceptical of these 'spinoff' style that is often 'missing a spark.' Generally speaking the episode was received well and was later released in France, Germany, Netherlands and Japan. Mother's Day (Law & Order) \"Mother's Day\" is the 287th episode of NBC's legal drama \"Law & Order\" and the tenth episode of the thirteenth season. The 45 minute episode was", "title": "Mother's Day (Law & Order)" }, { "id": "17227692", "text": "Truth or Consequences (NCIS) \"Truth or Consequences\" is the first episode of the seventh season of the American police procedural drama \"NCIS\", and the 139th episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on September 22, 2009. The episode is written by Jesse Stern and directed by Dennis Smith, and was seen live by 20.61 million viewers. \"Truth or Consequences\" follows \"Aliyah\", the sixth season finale, and carries the plot surrounding Ziva's captivity. In the closing moments of season 6, she was shown to be held hostage in a prison camp in Somalia and tortured nearly beyond", "title": "Truth or Consequences (NCIS)" }, { "id": "18573883", "text": "October 7 episode \"Institutional Fail\". Goldberg portrayed Janette Grayson, a Department of Child Services supervisor whose allegedly fake reports put multiple children at risk. Grayson finds herself on trial when the agency's internal policies bring in the wrong kind of publicity. Peter Gallagher also guest stars in the same episode, reprising his role of Chief Dodds, alongside Goldberg, Jessica Pimental and John Magaro. In \"Community Policing\", Donal Logue returned to \"SVU\" as , after finding out about Rollins' pregnancy. Rollins revealed to Murphy that he is the father of her child. Actors from Broadway's \"Hamilton\", Leslie Odom, Jr. and Daveed", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 17)" }, { "id": "2000128", "text": "Award Winner, Nancy Savoca, was premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival. In it, LuPone co-starred with Mira Sorvino, Tammy Blanchard, Mike Doyle, Michael Rispoli and Daphne Rubin-Vega. She played Lady Bird Johnson in the TV movie, \"\" (1987). LuPone played Libby Thatcher on the television drama \"Life Goes On\", which ran on ABC from 1989 to 1993. In the 1990s she had a recurring role as defense attorney Ruth Miller on \"Law & Order\". She has twice been nominated for an Emmy Award: for the TV movie \"The Song Spinner\" (1995, Daytime Emmy Award nominee), and for Outstanding Guest", "title": "Patti LuPone" }, { "id": "3977660", "text": "S. Epatha Merkerson Sharon Epatha Merkerson (; (born November 28, 1952), is an American film, stage, and television actress. She has received numerous high-profile accolades for her work, including an Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, four NAACP Image Awards, two Obie Awards and two Tony Award nominations. Merkerson is also the recipient of 4 honorary doctorate degrees. She is best known for her award-winning portrayal of Lieutenant Anita Van Buren on the NBC police procedural drama series \"Law & Order\", a role she played from 1993 to 2010. She appeared in 395 episodes of", "title": "S. Epatha Merkerson" }, { "id": "10067804", "text": "out that because of the nature of the injury, Delko, if he should recover, might not be the same person they knew before (episode 515, \"Man Down\"). She has had to autopsy several people she knew, including CSI Tim Speedle (episode 301, \"Lost Son\") and Officer Aaron Jessop (episode 425, \"One of Our Own\"). Alexx is also horrified when her best friend's husband ends up on her table. And far from his being the victim of a random shooting, he was targeted by his wife's young lover at her instruction. Despite equivocal evidence and being taken off of the case,", "title": "Alexx Woods" }, { "id": "10267218", "text": "early seasons, he has rarely appeared in more recent episodes. However, his running gag is maintained when the wedding song he plays for Luanne and Lucky turns, as does everything else he plays, into \"Feels So Good\". Staff of Strickland Propane: \"...With liberty and justice for all.\" Lucky's Wedding Suit \"Lucky's Wedding Suit\" is the 213th episode of the Fox animated television series \"King of the Hill\", and was the 12th episode broadcast in the 11th season. It is a nominee for the Writers Guild of America Award in the animation category. The episode was originally scheduled to be the", "title": "Lucky's Wedding Suit" }, { "id": "13479781", "text": "Law & Order (season 20) The 20th and final season of \"Law & Order\" premiered on NBC on September 25, 2009, for which it was moved from its previous time slot to air on Fridays at 8 p.m. ET for the NBC broadcast. \"L&O\" was moved to Monday nights on March 1, 2010 with a two-hour telecast at 9 p.m. ET, before settling into its new time slot at 10 p.m. the following week, March 8. During the season, \"The Jay Leno Show\" in primetime was cancelled and Leno returned to the 11:35 pm \"Tonight Show\" because of affiliate dissatisfaction.", "title": "Law & Order (season 20)" }, { "id": "19306126", "text": "399th episode. The 400th episode that was aired was the eleventh episode of the season, \"Great Expectations,\" which aired on NBC on February 15, 2017, (after being moved from its initial air date of November 9, 2016, and a second air date of January 4, 2017). At the end of production of the season, during upfronts \"SVU\" was renewed for a nineteenth season. Following the renewal announcement, it was revealed that show runner/executive producer Rick Eid had departed the show. He took over \"Chicago P.D.\" as showrunner/EP starting with its fifth season, replacing \"C.P.D.\" co-creator/EP Matt Olmstead. Michael Chernuchin, former", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 18)" }, { "id": "16819790", "text": "episode also beat out its following program, another Dick Wolf created series, \"Chicago Fire\". \"Acceptable Loss\" was the fourth ranked program in that timeslot, under FOX's \"The X Factor\", \"Criminal Minds\" on CBS, and \"Modern Family\" on ABC, but above CW's \"Supernatural\". Acceptable Loss (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit) \"Acceptable Loss\" is the fourth episode of the of the police procedural television series, \"\", it is the series' 299th episode overall. It originally aired on National Broadcasting Company (NBC) on October 17, 2012. In this episode, Captain Cragen (Dann Florek) comes back from his suspension just as the Special", "title": "Acceptable Loss (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit)" }, { "id": "5964387", "text": "Law & Order (season 3) The third season of \"Law & Order\" aired on NBC between September 23, 1992, and May 19, 1993. This season marked the introduction of Jerry Orbach as Lennie Briscoe, who replaced Paul Sorvino after \"Prince of Darkness.\" At the end of the season, both Dann Florek and Richard Brooks departed the main cast. Season 3 began with an unchanged cast. However, during the third and sixth episode, Carolyn McCormick was credited in the opening theme and starting with the ninth episode, she is credited for the rest of the season. This made her the first", "title": "Law & Order (season 3)" }, { "id": "20611684", "text": "was cast in a recurring role as Dr. Dahlia Qadri in the ABC medical drama series \"Grey's Anatomy\". In 2018, Ali appeared as Penelope in the Blumhouse supernatural thriller film \"Truth or Dare\". Sophia Taylor Ali Sophia Taylor Ali (born November 7, 1995) is an American actress. She is best known for her work in the MTV romantic comedy series, \"Faking It\", the ABC medical drama series \"Grey's Anatomy\" and the 2018 horror film \"Truth or Dare\". Ali was born on November 7, 1995, in San Diego, California to Pakistani Muslim family. In 2003, she made her debut in the", "title": "Sophia Taylor Ali" }, { "id": "18848699", "text": "only everything ran together a bit more smoothly, I'd have no complaints.\" Don't Let's Start (Grey's Anatomy) \"Don't Let's Start\" is the 6th episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 226th episode overall. It aired on October 30, 2014 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Austin Guzman and directed by Rob Greenlea. On its initial airing, it was watched by 8.08 million viewers. The episode received positive reviews from critics. The episode's title is a reference to the song with the same name by They Might", "title": "Don't Let's Start (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "10203521", "text": "Angel of Death (NCIS) \"Angel of Death \" is the 24th episode of the fourth season of the American police procedural drama \"NCIS\", and the 94th episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on May 22, 2007 and was seen by 14.14 million viewers. \"Angel of Death\" marks finale of the fourth season and the departure of series creator Donald P. Bellisario, who wrote the script for the episode. The storyline revolves around the dubious circumstances of Jasper Shepard's death, the nature of Tony's relationship with arms dealer La Grenouille's daughter, Dr. Jeanne Benoit, and the", "title": "Angel of Death (NCIS)" }, { "id": "14623668", "text": "JoAnn Willette JoAnn Willette (born October 12, 1963) is an American actress. Willette is best known for appearing in the role of Constance \"Connie\" Lubbock in the television series \"Just the Ten of Us\" from 1988 to 1990. She has also made appearances on a number of other series including \"The Facts of Life\", \"T. J. Hooker\", \"Santa Barbara\", \"Growing Pains\", \"Melrose Place\", \"Chicago Hope\", \"Becker\", \"ER\", \"The Young and the Restless\", \"My Sister Sam,\" \"Private Practice\", \"The New Adventures of Old Christine\", and in movies such as \"\" and \" Welcome to 18\". She also was in a music", "title": "JoAnn Willette" }, { "id": "5314482", "text": "to low ratings. Orbach's death (which occurred while the show was in production) was one factor to in the show's cancellation; competition from the hit series \"NUMB3RS\" was another. Originally titled \"Law & Order: Los Angeles\", \"LA\" was the first American \"Law & Order\" series set outside of New York City. As with the original series, the first half hour of the show focused on the police investigation of a crime discovered in the cold open; the second half took place at the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office and focused on the prosecution of the criminal suspect(s). On May", "title": "Law & Order (franchise)" }, { "id": "10033891", "text": "way to create more diversity in the film industry and is currently studying at the Upright Citizens Brigade in Hollywood. Giovannie’s parody song, “An Introvert’s World,” reached 3.2 million views when YouTube star Tessa Netting took the lyrics without permission and used them for her own Facebook show, \"Me Watching\". In November 2018, she was named as a featured filmmaker/creator for Elizabeth Banks media company, WhoHaHa. Giovannie Pico Giovannie Espiritu is a Filipina television, film and stage actress whose most visible role has been that of medical student Ludlow in 2004-05 episodes of NBC's top-rated hospital drama \"ER\". A native", "title": "Giovannie Pico" }, { "id": "5610442", "text": "real time on the island as an incarnation of \"the man in black\". He had a guest role in a 2006 episode of \"Law & Order\", as well as the part of older Jacob Wheeler in Steven Spielberg's \"Into the West\" mini series, which was nominated for 16 Emmy Awards in 2006. He also appeared in David Fincher's \"Zodiac\", Matthew McConaughey's \"Surfer, Dude\", and the horror thriller \"Nine Dead\". John Terry (actor) John Terry (born January 25, 1950) is an American film, television, and stage actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Christian Shephard in the TV", "title": "John Terry (actor)" }, { "id": "10033887", "text": "Giovannie Pico Giovannie Espiritu is a Filipina television, film and stage actress whose most visible role has been that of medical student Ludlow in 2004-05 episodes of NBC's top-rated hospital drama \"ER\". A native of Tondo, the poorest district of Manila, and one of the most densely populated areas in the world, Giovannie Anne Cabangis-Espiritu became a performer at a young age and, by her early twenties, starred in a number of Philippine-made internationally produced films and TV programs. She was cast as the female lead in the movie \"American Yearbook\" and earned plaudits for her performance, notably in view", "title": "Giovannie Pico" }, { "id": "16203064", "text": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) The fourteenth season of \"\" debuted with a two-part premiere episode on September 26, 2012, at 9pm/8c - 11pm/10c (Eastern) on NBC, which was the show's weekly time slot. The fourteenth season picked up storyline-wise where the last season left off, with Captain Cragen (Dann Florek) awaking to a dead sex worker in his bed with her throat slit. The two-part season premiere was watched by 7.19 million total viewers and received generally positive reviews. The series' landmark 300th episode fell this season and aired on October 24, 2012, watched by 6.77", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14)" }, { "id": "1614691", "text": "The show starred Christopher Meloni as Detective Elliot Stabler and Mariska Hargitay as Detective Olivia Benson for its first twelve seasons until the former left the cast, unable to come to an agreement on his contract. As of November 29, 2018, \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\" has aired 444 original episodes. On May 9, 2018, NBC renewed the series for a twentieth season, which allowed it to tie the flagship \"Law & Order\" and \"Gunsmoke\" for the longest-running scripted drama in U.S. television history. The season premiered on September 27, 2018. The idea for \"Law & Order: Special Victims", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "id": "8815613", "text": "Gay Harden reprise her role as Special Agent Dana Lewis, for which she received an Emmy nomination. Acting opposite was Kristen Bush, who shaved her head for the role. After agreeing to do this, Bush said \"It was a kind of tenuous connection as to why she was shaved. I probably should have investigated it more, but whatever.\" The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series was won by Leslie Caron for her performance in the third episode \"Recall\". Caron played Lorraine Delmas, a rape victim whose statute of limitations is long over. However, her testimony", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 8)" }, { "id": "9875625", "text": "Yaani King Yaani King (born August 10, 1981) is an American actress, known for her role as Neely Lloyd in the TNT crime drama series \"Saving Grace\". King was born in Brooklyn, New York and raised in Queens. She is of West Indian/Guyanese descent. King attended LaGuardia High School of Performing Arts at Lincoln Center in New York, and later studied acting at The Actors Centre in London. King began her acting career appearing in a number of Off-Broadway productions and played guest starring roles on television series include \"Law & Order\", and \"Sex and The City\". She made her", "title": "Yaani King" }, { "id": "15308871", "text": "murder. After the trial, Rubirosa requests to be transferred to another division. The episode ends as McCoy says he once thought people should be consistent; he expected that \"pro-lifers would oppose capital punishment\" and human rights activists \"would claim some [rights] for the unborn.\" He concludes that it's a \"messy world\" and tells Rubirosa and Cutter to \"figure it out.\" The episode was widely praised on the pro-life blogosphere, which had condemned the murder of George Tiller but appreciated the episode's handling of the abortion issue as a whole. Dave Andrusko of the National Right to Life Committee wrote, \"What", "title": "Dignity (Law & Order)" }, { "id": "7198035", "text": "Lois Collinder Lois Collinder (born 1943) is an Australian actress, best known for playing gangly inmate Alice \"Lurch\" Jenkins in the television series \"Prisoner\". She in fact started out in the series in 1984 as a non-speaking extra and worked her way up from being a bit player to developing \"Lurch\" into a central character. She remained with the series until its final episode in 1986. Collinder has also made frequent appearances in other Australian series, including \"The Flying Doctors\", \"Neighbours\", \"Something in the Air\", \"Blue Heelers\" and \"Kath & Kim\". She also appeared as Sister Hubert in the national", "title": "Lois Collinder" }, { "id": "12420092", "text": "co-executive producer Julie Martin (teleplay), and (teleplay); and it was directed by Norberto Barba. \"Frame\" marks the last episode of \"Law & Order: Criminal Intent\" for Warren Leight, who chose to leave the series at the end of the season to join HBO's \"In Treatment.\" However, Leight wrote one of the final episodes in (\"Trophy Wine\"). Julie Martin left the series as well after \"Frame\", and returned in season ten to write three episodes (\"Cadaver\", \"Icarus\", and \"To the Boy in the Blue Knit Cap\"). \"Frame\" is the first season finale since season four's \"False-Hearted Judges\", that Vincent D'Onofrio and", "title": "Frame (Law & Order: Criminal Intent)" } ]	what episode of law and order was ludacris on
[ "Jimmy Durante" ]	[ { "id": "8745184", "text": "I'll Be Seeing You (song) \"I'll Be Seeing You\" is a popular song, with music by Sammy Fain and lyrics by Irving Kahal. Published in 1938, it was inserted into the Broadway musical \"Right This Way\", which closed after fifteen performances. The resemblance between the main tune's first four lines and a passage within the theme of the last movement of Gustav Mahler's Third Symphony (1896) was pointed out by Deryck Cooke in 1970. The recording by Bing Crosby became a hit in 1944, reaching number one for the week of July 1. Frank Sinatra's version with Tommy Dorsey and", "title": "I'll Be Seeing You (song)" }, { "id": "8745185", "text": "His Orchestra from 1940 charted in 1944 and peaked at No. 4. I'll Be Seeing You (song) \"I'll Be Seeing You\" is a popular song, with music by Sammy Fain and lyrics by Irving Kahal. Published in 1938, it was inserted into the Broadway musical \"Right This Way\", which closed after fifteen performances. The resemblance between the main tune's first four lines and a passage within the theme of the last movement of Gustav Mahler's Third Symphony (1896) was pointed out by Deryck Cooke in 1970. The recording by Bing Crosby became a hit in 1944, reaching number one for", "title": "I'll Be Seeing You (song)" }, { "id": "12082985", "text": "the College of Charleston. The film premiered June 25, 2004, in the United States and Canada and grossed $13,464,745 in 2,303 theaters its opening weekend, ranking number 4 at the box office. The film grossed a total of $115,603,229 worldwide, $81,001,787 in Canada and the United States and $34,601,442 in other countries. It is the 15th highest-grossing romantic drama film of all time. \"The Notebook\" received a mixed reaction from film critics. Based on 155 reviews on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, 52% of critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 5.7/10 and the website's consensus", "title": "The Notebook" }, { "id": "7721022", "text": "(1930) effectively becoming his signature tune, and featured by Frank Sinatra on his magisterial album \"Songs For Swingin' Lovers\". The Fain/Kahal catalogue also includes \"Let a Smile Be Your Umbrella\" (1928) with Francis Wheeler, \"Wedding Bells Are Breaking Up That Old Gang of Mine\" (1929) with Willie Raskin, \"By a Waterfall\" (1930), \"When I Take My Sugar to Tea\" (1931) with Pierre Norman, \"I Can Dream, Can't I?\" (1938) and \"I'll Be Seeing You\", which was written in 1938, but became a hit in 1943 especially among the families of servicemen sent overseas. In 1970, Irving Kahal was inducted into", "title": "Irving Kahal" }, { "id": "12082972", "text": "Teen Choice Awards, a Satellite Award, and an MTV Movie Award. The film became a sleeper hit and has gained a cult following. On November 11, 2012, ABC Family premiered an extended version with deleted scenes added back into the original storyline. At a modern-day nursing home, an elderly man, Duke, reads a romantic story from his notebook to a fellow patient. In 1940, Seabrook Island, South Carolina, poor quarry worker Noah Calhoun sees 17-year-old heiress Allison \"Allie\" Hamilton at a carnival and they have a summer love affair. Noah takes Allie to an abandoned house that he intends to", "title": "The Notebook" }, { "id": "9751753", "text": "Huey Lewis, Jennifer Holliday, Patti LaBelle, Chicago, Natalie Cole and Christina Aguilera. In the 1990s he entered the film industry, with his work being featured on film soundtracks for \"Mulan\", \"What's Love Got to Do With It?\", \"The Birdcage\", \"Licence to Kill\", and \"Pocahontas\". His first film score was for the 2002 film, \"John Q.\". This led to his first major film score which was the 2004 film, \"The Notebook,\" which he won multiple BMI Awards for. Aaron Zigman Aaron Zigman (born January 6, 1963) is a classically-trained American composer, producer, arranger, songwriter, and musician who has scored music for", "title": "Aaron Zigman" }, { "id": "9689091", "text": "band became one of the first musical groups to appear weekly on television. On May 18, 1961, Paul Lavalle and the Greatest Band in America joined singer Kay Armen in a 30-minute episode of the ABC-TV series \"Music For a Spring Night\" entitled \"Concert in the Park.\" The Band opened with a spirited medley (\"76 Trombones,\" \"Strike Up the Band,\") and then Miss Armen took over with \"I'll Be Seeing You\" and other songs. Beginning in 1964, the Band of America toured extensively and also became the official band of the 1964 New York World's Fair, an engagement that lasted", "title": "Paul Lavalle" }, { "id": "1455460", "text": "Hall of Fame at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He was also inducted into the Television Hall of Fame that same year. In February 2005, he received the Screen Actors Guild's Lifetime Achievement Award. He was also nominated for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role that year, for \"The Notebook\". When Morgan Freeman won that prize for his work in \"Million Dollar Baby\", he led the audience in a sing-along of the original \"Maverick\" theme song, written by David Buttolph and Paul Francis Webster. In 2010, the Television Critics Association", "title": "James Garner" }, { "id": "15335902", "text": "Joy Lenz and the Firepit Band. The lineup consists of WhiteRose (Danny Shyman) on guitar, Doo Crowder on vocals and guitar, Ben Zelico on drums and Meaghan Maples and Brittany Gilmore as back up singers. They toured from May to July 2016 and said an album is in preparation for 2017. In 2005, after seeing Nick Cassavetes' film \"The Notebook\" and subsequently reading Nicholas Sparks' best selling novel of the same name, Lenz found herself singing songs around her house based on the story's characters. After six weeks, she decided to put them down on paper. She brought the idea", "title": "Bethany Joy Lenz" }, { "id": "6387160", "text": "consisting of Parris, Lewis Peeples (who was in a previous incarnation of the Five Satins), Sylvester Hopkins, Richie Freeman and Wes Forbes. The group would be briefly known as \"Fred Parris and the Scarlets\", until the Baker-led group split up. At this point, they reverted to the Five Satins name. According to old radio survey repository ARSA, the following 45 sides charted in some markets: \"I'll Be Seeing You\" (Ember 1061), 3/60; \"Your Memory\" (Cub 9071), 7/1960; \"The Time\" (Ember 1066), 10/60; \"These Foolish Things/A Beggar With A Dream\" (Cub 9077), 12/60; \"Till The End\" (United Artists 368), 11/61; \"The", "title": "The Five Satins" }, { "id": "6513870", "text": "to her late mother, which included some of her favorites as well as American standards from the 1920s-1940s. Some songs include \"Blue Rose\" (Duke Ellington), \"Sentimental Journey\" (Les Brown), \"A-Tisket, A-Tasket\" (Ella Fitzgerald), as well as \"I'll Be Seeing You\". Active as an educator, mentor, and proponent of the Suzuki method, Carter has taught at numerous institutions, including at Berklee College of Music, and two appearances at Stanford Jazz Workshop. During the 2000s she performed at the head of a quintet. In 2005, she performed on Eddie Palmieri's album \"Listen Here!\" which won a Grammy award for best Latin Jazz", "title": "Regina Carter" }, { "id": "8731813", "text": "Roach in poetry. Winner: Nominees: Winner: 2 Finalists: Nominees: Winner: Finalists: Nominees: Winner: Finalists: Nominees: Winner: Nominees: Winner: 2 Finalists: Nominees\":\" Winner: 2 Finalists: Nominees: Winner: 2 Finalists: Nominees: Winner: Nominees Winner: 2 Finalists: Nominees\":\" Winner: 2 Finalists: Nominees: Winner: 2 Finalists: Nominees: Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Nominees Winner Nominees Winner Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winners Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Finalists Nominees Winner Nominees Winner", "title": "Hurston-Wright Legacy Award" }, { "id": "608541", "text": "the time, including, \"My Old Flame\", \"How Am I to Know?\", \"I'm Yours\", and \"I'll Be Seeing You\", a number-one hit for Bing Crosby . She also recorded her version of \"Embraceable You\", which was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2005. Holiday's mother Sadie, nicknamed \"The Duchess,\" opened a restaurant called Mom Holiday's. She used money from her daughter while playing dice with members of the Count Basie band, with whom she toured in the late 1930s. \"It kept Mom busy and happy and stopped her from worrying and watching over me,\" Holiday said. Fagan began borrowing", "title": "Billie Holiday" }, { "id": "12631211", "text": "Be Seeing You Be Seeing You was the fifth album by Dr. Feelgood, and was released in October 1977. After the departure of Wilko Johnson, this was Dr. Feelgood's first album with guitarist Gypie Mayo. The album reached number 55 in the UK Albums Chart in October 1977, and remained in that chart for only three weeks. It spawned their second single to enter the corresponding UK Singles Chart - \"She's A Wind Up\". The album's title was a catchphrase, used by the band, taken from the cult TV series, \"The Prisoner\", which was enjoying a revival at the time.", "title": "Be Seeing You" }, { "id": "12082994", "text": "made the list of \"Total Film\" 50 Most Romantic Movie Moments of All Time. The kiss in the rain was ranked no. 4 in \"Total Film\" 50 Best Movie Kisses list. \"The Notebook\" was released on DVD on February 8, 2005 and Blu-ray on May 4, 2010. By February 2010, the film had sold over 11 million copies on DVD. The soundtrack to \"The Notebook\" was released on June 8, 2004. On August 11, 2015, it was reported that a television series is in development by The CW. The series will follow Noah and Allie's courtship following the events of", "title": "The Notebook" }, { "id": "964718", "text": "best-seller and provided Durante's re-introduction to yet another generation, almost three decades later. From the \"Jimmy Durante's Way of Life\" album came the gravelly interpretation of the song \"As Time Goes By\", which accompanied the opening credits of the romantic comedy hit \"Sleepless in Seattle\", while his version of \"Make Someone Happy\" launched the film's closing credits. Both are included on the film's best-selling soundtrack. Durante also recorded a cover of the well known song \"I'll Be Seeing You\", which became a trademark song on his 60's TV show. This song was also featured in the 2004 film \"The Notebook\".", "title": "Jimmy Durante" }, { "id": "19717798", "text": "cover songs. It contained lead single \"Digging Your Scene\", which was previously included on \"Long Distance\" in 2000. They recorded covers of \"Sing\" and \"Christmas Time Is Here\" for the 2002 charity record \"For the Kids\" and 2004 compilation album \"Maybe This Christmas Tree\", respectively. \"In the Clear\" was released as their fifth studio album in March 2005 and spawned the single \"Thinking About You\". They also lent the song \"I'll Be Near You\" to the soundtrack for the 2005 American film \"Bee Season\". Ivy's sixth album, \"All Hours\", was distributed in September 2011 by Nettwerk. It featured the singles", "title": "Ivy discography" }, { "id": "3251311", "text": "The Notebook (novel) The Notebook is a 1996 romantic novel by American novelist Nicholas Sparks, The novel was later adapted into a popular film of the same name, in 2004. The Indian Bollywood film, \"Zindagi Tere Naam,\" starring Mithun Chakraborty, is also based on it. This was Nicholas Sparks' first published novel. It was the third written after \"The Passing\" and \"The Royal Murders\", which he did not publish. He wrote it over a period of six months in 1994. Literary agent Theresa Park discovered Sparks by picking the book out of her agency's slush pile and reading it. Park", "title": "The Notebook (novel)" }, { "id": "13819513", "text": "minor league baseball team. She modeled for the 32-page collection of recreations of famous pin-up girls of the 1940s, emulating such classics like Betty Grable, Lana Turner, Veronica Lake, Ava Gardner and Marilyn Monroe. Along with the book, Doreen recorded 19 of the most well-known songs from the World War II era to accompany the book. Included songs are \"I'll Be Seeing You\" and \"I Got Rhythm\". Doreen teamed up with the Special Operations Warrior Foundation, a nonprofit that supports more than 60,000 Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps special operations personnel and their families. 20% of the proceeds", "title": "Doreen Taylor" }, { "id": "6491055", "text": "received NCO training. Since his teenage years, he has worked at various Atlanta radio stations including WAOK, WIGO, WRFG, WCLK, and WXAP. His program \"Jazz Classics\" airs each Saturday night on WABE from 9 pm to 2 am, as it has since 1978. The program always begins with the Father Tom Vaughn version of \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\" and usually ends with ends with a version of \"I'll Be Seeing You.\" At midnight he plays a weekly selection of \"just the right version\" of \"'Round Midnight.\" In the fall of 2013 the station introduced a second program \"Blues", "title": "H. Johnson" }, { "id": "3242663", "text": "was a self-taught pianist who played by ear. He began working as a staff pianist and composer for music publisher Jack Mills. Later, Fain worked extensively in collaboration with Irving Kahal. Together they wrote classics such as \"Let a Smile Be Your Umbrella\" and \"You Brought a New Kind of Love to Me,\" (co-written with Pierre Norman) and \"I'll Be Seeing You.\" Another lyricist who collaborated with Fain was Lew Brown, with whom he wrote \"That Old Feeling\". His Broadway credits also include \"Everybody's Welcome\", \"Right This Way\", \"Hellzapoppin'\", \"Flahooley\", \"Ankles Aweigh\", \"Christine\" and \"Something More\". Fain also composed music", "title": "Sammy Fain" }, { "id": "5340683", "text": "in 2001, and yielded the #21 Hot Singles Sales U.S. hit \"Sugar.\" Both albums were released through Hollywood Records. \"Could You Love Me\", the second album track was recorded later by Nick Lachey on his first album, \"SoulO\". They also had a song on the first \"Princess Diaries\" soundtrack called \"Away With The Summer Days\". Youngstown (band) Youngstown was a boy band formed December 31, 1998. The band made up of David \"DC\" Yeager, Samuel \"Sammy\" Lopez Jr and James L. Dallas is named for the trio's hometown, Youngstown, Ohio. The band's first single, \"I'll Be Your Everything\", featured on", "title": "Youngstown (band)" }, { "id": "9751750", "text": "Aaron Zigman Aaron Zigman (born January 6, 1963) is a classically-trained American composer, producer, arranger, songwriter, and musician who has scored music for films, including \"The Notebook\", \"The Company Men\", \"Bridge to Terabithia\", \"John Q\"., \"The Proposal\", \"Flicka\", \"For Colored Girls\", \"Flash of Genius\", \"Sex & the City, Alpha Dog,\" and \"Escape from Planet Earth\". Zigman has also written, arranged and produced over 50 hit albums and/or co-written songs with legendary and contemporary artists including Quincy Jones, Christina Aguilera, Phil Collins, John Legend, Dione Warwick, Ray Charles, Natalie Cole, Aretha Franklin, Tina Turner, Seal, and many others. Zigman was born", "title": "Aaron Zigman" }, { "id": "8121710", "text": "last single for Capitol, nearly three decades after she released her first on the label. The album received a modestly positive review in \"Stereo Review\" in October 1973. The reviewer, Peter Reilly, wrote: \"By the standards Peggy Lee herself has set (no others can take her measure), the new album isn’t particularly outstanding. But, as always, there are three or four stunning bands – 'I’ll Be Seeing You,' 'I’ll Get By' and 'Someone Who Cares' here – that reach the highest level of her accomplishments, and that is high indeed.\" To the ire of Lee's fans, the 2004 EMI reissue", "title": "Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota" }, { "id": "10951153", "text": "the UK singles chart. Always an eccentric supporter of music in film, James Apollo was tapped to contribute sounds to 2013's award winning film \"The Notebook\", which showcased some of the artist's epicly dark soundscapes. In 2015 James Apollo released \"Angelorum\", a record Clash (magazine) described as \"Strident and passionate, with a full throat and a belly full of fury.\" It was after this release that James Apollo was invited to tour with LA based Lord Huron, a move which brought Apollo's material to an entirely new audience. Danger Mouse (musician) is currently working with James Apollo on a 2018", "title": "James Apollo" }, { "id": "12082971", "text": "The Notebook The Notebook is a 2004 American-Canadian romantic drama film directed by Nick Cassavetes and based on Nicholas Sparks's 1996 novel of the same name. The film stars Ryan Gosling and Rachel McAdams as a young couple who fall in love in the 1940s. Their story is narrated from the present day by an elderly man (portrayed by James Garner) telling the tale to a fellow nursing home resident (played by Gena Rowlands, who is Cassavetes's mother). \"The Notebook\" received generally mixed reviews, but performed well at the box office and received a number of award nominations, winning eight", "title": "The Notebook" }, { "id": "4361567", "text": "Misguided Roses Misguided Roses is singer/guitarist Edwin McCain's second album released by Lava Records. It was originally issued on June 24, 1997. \"I'll Be\", a very successful single in 1998, came from this record. Although \"I'll Be\" was the only successful single from the album, the track \"See the Sky Again\" also received some airplay. The album was recorded at the House of Therm Studios and Love Grotto, both in Nashville, Tennessee, and Doppler Studios in Atlanta, Georgia. \"All tracks composed by McCain. Except \"Stop Thinking 'Bout That\" by James Taylor & Daniel Kortchmar\" Hidden Track: The song \"Through The", "title": "Misguided Roses" }, { "id": "966573", "text": "spoken, which was very well received by the studio audience, consisted entirely of jokes sent to him by Carson in the last few months of his life. Doc Severinsen ended the Letterman show that night by conducting and playing, along with Tommy Newsom and Ed Shaughnessy, one of Carson's two favorite songs, \"Here's That Rainy Day\" (the other was \"I'll Be Seeing You\"). \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\" also paid tribute to Carson with guests Ed McMahon, Bob Newhart, Don Rickles, Drew Carey, and k.d. lang. On his final \"Tonight Show\" appearance, Carson himself said that while sometimes people", "title": "Johnny Carson" }, { "id": "5580590", "text": "Till There Was You \"Till There Was You\" is a song written by Meredith Willson for his musical play \"The Music Man\" (1957), and which also appeared in the 1962 movie version. It is sung by librarian Marian Paroo (performed by Barbara Cook on Broadway, and by Shirley Jones in the film) to \"Professor\" Harold Hill (portrayed in the film by Robert Preston) toward the end of Act Two. The song became a hit for Anita Bryant in 1959, reaching number 30 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and spending two weeks at number 14 on \"Cash Box\". \"Till There", "title": "Till There Was You" }, { "id": "18783360", "text": "Tropical Postcards Tropical Postcards is the 9th album by jazz singer Roseanna Vitro, released in 2004 by A Records, an imprint of Challenge Records International. Brazilian jazz and popular music predominate, with seven of the album's eleven tracks provided by Brazilian composers (one by Edu Lobo and two each from Jobim, Milton Nascimento, and Ivan Lins), plus one familiar standard – Sammy Fain's I'll Be Seeing You – performed as a bossa nova . AllMusic awarded the album 3½ stars; describing it as \"among her best, most inspired and memorable projects,\" reviewer Alex Henderson cites Vitro's willingness to depart from", "title": "Tropical Postcards" }, { "id": "10928192", "text": "list: Track list: Track list: Vol. 1 Track list: Vol. 2 Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Vol. 1 Track list: Vol. 2 Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Vol. 1 Track list: Vol. 2 Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list: Track list Vol. 4 Track list: Track list: Track list: Luis Vargas (musician) Luis Rafael Valdez Vargas (born ) is a Dominican singer and songwriter. He became involved in popular music after meeting a local musician who taught him how to", "title": "Luis Vargas (musician)" }, { "id": "11361720", "text": "with \"Let There Be Love\" and closing with \"I'll Be Seeing You\", with the songs telling a story start to finish. The memorable cover was done at M-G-M Pictures Studios in Culver City by artist Russ Gale. <br> From the album a single of \"Let There Be Love\" and \"You're Nearer\" was shipped to radio stations. Then, by public demand, a single of \"You're My Everything and \"You're Nearer\" was released. <br> This album offered Joni's second recording of \"Let There Be Love,\" which had been released in an earlier version in 1952 as her first single on Sharp Records", "title": "Let There Be Love (1953 Joni James album)" }, { "id": "16276594", "text": "Paintings in My Mind Paintings in My Mind is the second full-length studio release (third, if the \"Republic of Idols\" EP is counted) from pianist and singer-songwriter Tommy Page. Released in 1990, it features 10 tracks, all of which Page either wrote by himself or co-wrote. The single \"I'll Be Your Everything\" was co-written by Page, Jordan Knight, and Danny Wood; it became a smash hit in 1990, peaking at number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Another New Kids on the Block alumnus, Donnie Wahlberg, contributed to the writing of the song \"Turn on the Radio\" (the second single).", "title": "Paintings in My Mind" }, { "id": "12082995", "text": "the film, and in a post-WWII world. The Notebook The Notebook is a 2004 American-Canadian romantic drama film directed by Nick Cassavetes and based on Nicholas Sparks's 1996 novel of the same name. The film stars Ryan Gosling and Rachel McAdams as a young couple who fall in love in the 1940s. Their story is narrated from the present day by an elderly man (portrayed by James Garner) telling the tale to a fellow nursing home resident (played by Gena Rowlands, who is Cassavetes's mother). \"The Notebook\" received generally mixed reviews, but performed well at the box office and received", "title": "The Notebook" }, { "id": "4361568", "text": "Floor\" follows the song \"Holy City\" Album Singles Misguided Roses Misguided Roses is singer/guitarist Edwin McCain's second album released by Lava Records. It was originally issued on June 24, 1997. \"I'll Be\", a very successful single in 1998, came from this record. Although \"I'll Be\" was the only successful single from the album, the track \"See the Sky Again\" also received some airplay. The album was recorded at the House of Therm Studios and Love Grotto, both in Nashville, Tennessee, and Doppler Studios in Atlanta, Georgia. \"All tracks composed by McCain. Except \"Stop Thinking 'Bout That\" by James Taylor &", "title": "Misguided Roses" }, { "id": "6930606", "text": "Tommy Page Thomas Alden Page (May 24, 1970 – March 4, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter, best known for his 1990 hit single \"I'll Be Your Everything\" and was later a music industry executive. Born in Glen Ridge, New Jersey, to parents Fred and Miriam Page, he grew up in nearby West Caldwell. He graduated from James Caldwell High School with the class of 1985 at the age of 15. Page took a leave of absence from New York University's Stern School of Business when his music career began to take off. He returned to finish his remaining two years", "title": "Tommy Page" }, { "id": "19164197", "text": "Ten of these sets were released in 1946, nine in 1947 and nine more in 1948. Most of these 78rpm albums were reissued as 10\" vinyl LP's in subsequent years. \"St. Valentine's Day\" includes two of Crosby's No. 1 hits from 1944 – \"I'll Be Seeing You\" and \"I Love You\" – two other chart entries (\"You and I\" and \"Miss You\") plus re-recordings of the singer's first ever recordings for Decca in 1934 \"I Love You Truly\" and \"Just A-Wearyin' for You\". The album reached No. 8 in the \"Billboard\" list of best-selling popular albums in February 1949. These", "title": "St. Valentine's Day (album)" }, { "id": "19955601", "text": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack) Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film \"Beauty and the Beast\". The album, largely based on material from Disney's 1991 animated version, features songs and instrumental score composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Howard Ashman and three new songs composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Tim Rice. The soundtrack album was released by Walt Disney Records on March 10, 2017. The songs feature vocal performances by the film's ensemble cast including Emma Watson, Dan Stevens, Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor,", "title": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack)" }, { "id": "1506173", "text": "The Stylistics The Stylistics are a Philadelphia soul group that achieved its greatest chart success in the 1970s. They formed in 1968, consisting of singers Russell Thompkins Jr., Herb Murrell, Airrion Love, James Smith, and James Dunn. All of their US hits were ballads characterized by the falsetto of Russell Thompkins Jr. and the production of Thom Bell. During the early 1970s, the group had twelve consecutive R&B top ten hits, including \"Stop, Look, Listen\", \"You Are Everything\", \"Betcha by Golly, Wow\", \"People Make the World Go Round\", \"I'm Stone in Love with You\", \"Break Up to Make Up\", and", "title": "The Stylistics" }, { "id": "12082993", "text": "\"The Notebook\" in their 25 Sexiest Movies Ever. Us Weekly included the film in their list of the 30 Most Romantic Movies of All Time. Boston.com ranked the film the third Top Romantic Movie. \"The Notebook\" appeared on Moviefone's list of the 25 Best Romance Movies of All Time. \"Marie Claire\" also put the film on its list of the 12 Most Romantic Movie Scenes of All Time. In 2011, \"The Notebook\" was named the best chick-flick during ABC News and \"People\" television special \"\". The scene where Noah climbs the Ferris Wheel because he wants a date with Allie", "title": "The Notebook" }, { "id": "973694", "text": "4062), which contained her breakthrough single, \"Right Time of the Night\", which hit number 1 on \"Billboard's\" Easy Listening (Adult Contemporary) chart in April 1977 and number 6 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in May 1977. Warnes recorded the song \"It Goes Like It Goes\" for the 1979 motion picture \"Norma Rae\". The song won the Academy Award for Best Original Song. Her 1979 single \"I Know A Heartache When I See One\" was a Top 10 Country hit and reached the Top 20 on both the Pop and Adult Contemporary charts. Warnes recorded the Randy Newman composition \"One", "title": "Jennifer Warnes" }, { "id": "10458198", "text": "produced by Todd Rundgren, reached number 62 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. In 1995, rapper Rappin' 4-Tay released his own version of the song as the second single from his second album. This version replaced the song's original lyrics with those written by Rappin' 4-Tay, though it sampled the original and retained the chorus, for which The Spinners were credited as featured artists. This version became a top-40 hit in the United States, peaking at number 39 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Also that same year, the original Spinner's version was featured in the film \"Dead Presidents.\" In 1999, rap", "title": "I'll Be Around (The Spinners song)" }, { "id": "3183820", "text": "release. With the success of his first novel, he moved to New Bern, North Carolina. He subsequently wrote several international bestsellers, and several of his novels have been adapted as films: \"Message in a Bottle\" (1999), \"A Walk to Remember\" (2002), \"The Notebook\" (2004), \"Nights in Rodanthe\" (2008), \" Dear John\" (2010), \"The Last Song\" (2010), \"The Lucky One\" (2012), \"Safe Haven\" (2013), \"The Best of Me\" (2014), \"The Longest Ride\" (2015), and \"The Choice\" (2016). He has also sold the screenplay adaptations of \"True Believer\" and \"At First Sight\". His 2016 novel, \"Two by Two\", sold about 98,000 copies", "title": "Nicholas Sparks" }, { "id": "14358078", "text": "is a list of songs that feature Lauren Evans as lead vocalist. Below is a selective list of songs written or co-written by Lauren Evans. Lauren Evans Lauren Evans (born February 3, 1983) is an American singer and platinum-selling songwriter. She is a ASCAP Award Winner and has written hit singles for Alexandra Burke, Monrose, Jordin Sparks, and Camila. As a songwriter, Evans has achieved five platinum certifications and two gold certifications in six different countries. Evans grew up in San Bernardino, California, the daughter of a pastor, John Evans, of Promise Keepers and Maranatha! Music; a Christian record label", "title": "Lauren Evans" }, { "id": "1461730", "text": "Up to Date Up to Date is the second album by The Partridge Family. It was released in February 1971 and contained such hits as \"I'll Meet You Halfway\" (\"Billboard\" #9) and \"Doesn't Somebody Want to Be Wanted\" (U.S. \"Billboard\" #6 and \"Cash Box\" #1, Canadian \"RPM\" #1). The album reached #3 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" album chart and #1 in Canada on the \"RPM\" national Top Albums chart. The musicians were Hal Blaine on drums, Joe Osborn on bass guitar, Mike Melvoin on keyboard, Dennis Budimir and Louie Shelton on guitars. As with all Partridge Family albums (with the", "title": "Up to Date" }, { "id": "14145202", "text": "You Are\", Katy Perry's \"Firework\", Lady Gaga's \"Born This Way\", Adele's \"Rolling in the Deep\", Rihanna's \"Diamonds\", Taylor Swift's \"Shake It Off\", Justin Bieber's \"Sorry\" and Ed Sheeran's \"Shape of You\". Ariana Grande and English-Irish pop boyband One Direction are some of the other acts that dominated the pop charts in the US this decade. Also from this decade are critically acclaimed works from Beyonce, Kendrick Lamar and Kanye West among others. New pop artists that emerged in that decade were Halsey, Alessia Cara, Shawn Mendes, Charlie Puth, Meghan Trainor, and Camilla Cabello. Rihanna has earned the most #1 singles", "title": "2010s in music" }, { "id": "16923274", "text": "Sorry?\" 24. \"I'll Be Seeing You\" 25. \"Candy\" 26. \"The Last Time I Saw Paris\" Disc 3 1. \"All The Things You Are\" 2. \"If I Loved You\" 3. \"What Is This Thing Called Love?\" 4. \"Come Rain or Come Shine\" 5. \"With These Hands\" 6. \"Use Your Imagination\" 7. \"Three-Cornered Tune\" 8. \"It Happened In Sun Valley\" 9. \"Don't Get Around Much Anymore\" 10. \"Oh! Look at Me Now\" 11. \"I Don't Stand a Ghost of a Chance with You\" 12. \"My Heart's In The Highlands\" 13. \"My One And Only Highland Fling\" 14. \"I Didn't Know About You\"", "title": "Portrait Edition (Jo Stafford album)" }, { "id": "8209537", "text": "the D23 Expo, once again using the Rosemary Clooney soundtrack. Barbra Streisand performed several lines in her \"Color Me Barbra Medley\" from the TV special and album \"Color Me Barbra\". Subsequently, on her 2016 album \"\", Streisand performs the song (combined with \"I'll Be Seeing You\" from the 1938 musical \"Right This Way\"), as a duet with actor Chris Pine. Stewie Griffin sings his version in the Family Guy episode \"Running Mates\" Sideshow Bob sings his own version of this song (\"The Very Reason That I Live\") in \"The Simpsons\" (in the Season 14 episode \"The Great Louse Detective\"). Henry", "title": "I've Grown Accustomed to Her Face" }, { "id": "5503807", "text": "2017’, and a Grammy in 2018, broke chart history staying in the Top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100 for 33 weeks, topped the UK No.1 chart for 14 weeks, and was the most-streamed song of all time on Spotify. At the 35th Annual ASCAP Pop Music Awards 2018 in Los Angeles, Steve Mac won Songwriter of the Year and Song of the Year for Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, plus awards for Rockabye by Clean Bandit feat Anne-Marie & Sean Paul; What About Us by Pink and Strip That Down by Liam Payne. Including Clean Bandit’s single Rockabye,", "title": "Steve Mac" }, { "id": "9949686", "text": "\"Rosanna\" in a flashback. \"Rosanna\" was featured in a 2015 AT&T/DirecTV commercial. It appears, in heavily edited form, in the 2017 movie \"CHIPS\". Rosanna (song) \"Rosanna\" is a song written by David Paich and performed by the American rock band Toto, the opening track and the first single from their 1982 album \"Toto IV\". This song won the Record of the Year Grammy Award in the 1983 presentations. \"Rosanna\" was also nominated for the Song of the Year award. The song \"Rosanna\" peaked at No. 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for five consecutive weeks, behind two different songs, \"Don't", "title": "Rosanna (song)" }, { "id": "2028692", "text": "Shuggie Otis Shuggie Otis (born Johnny Alexander Veliotes, Jr.; November 30, 1953) is an American singer-songwriter, recording artist, and multi-instrumentalist. Otis's composition \"Strawberry Letter 23\" (as recorded by The Brothers Johnson) topped the \"Billboard\" R&B chart and reached #5 of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in 1977. He also achieved commercial success with his 1974 single \"Inspiration Information\" (from the album of the same name), reaching #56 on the R&B chart. Born in Los Angeles, California, Otis is the son of rhythm and blues pioneer, musician, bandleader, and impresario Johnny Otis who was of Greek descent and his wife Phyllis", "title": "Shuggie Otis" }, { "id": "7148023", "text": "David Thornton (actor) David Thornton (born June 12, 1953) is an American actor. He has appeared in \"John Q\", \"Home Alone 3\", \"Law & Order\", \"The Notebook\", and \"The Other Woman\", among other roles. He is the husband of Grammy Award-winning singer and songwriter Cyndi Lauper. Thornton is the son of Robert Donald Thornton, an international authority on the Scottish poet Robert Burns who taught English at Harvard University for 45 years. He graduated from Hamilton College and Yale Drama School and studied at Lee Strasberg's Actors' Studio. Thornton met singer Cyndi Lauper on the set of the film \"Off", "title": "David Thornton (actor)" }, { "id": "20356207", "text": "\"10,000 Hours\". On June 21, 2018, they released their summer single \"Summer On You\", written by Ed Sheeran and produced by Steve Mac. They also performed it on the Late Late Show with James Corden. On August 20, 2018, the group performed at the 2018 MTV Video Music Awards on the Push Artist Stage. On September 28, 2018, they released their single \"Solita\" featuring Rich the Kid. They released their song \"Real Friends\" on October 17, 2018 to promote their fall tour, the Funktion Tour. Headlining Opening act PrettyMuch PrettyMuch, stylized as PRETTYMUCH, is an American-Canadian pop boy band based", "title": "PrettyMuch" }, { "id": "7798165", "text": "There You'll Be \"There You'll Be\" is a love song by American country pop recording artist Faith Hill. Written by Diane Warren, produced by Trevor Horn and Byron Gallimore, and arranged by David Campbell, it was released in May 2001 and was featured on the \"Pearl Harbor\" soundtrack. The song was also featured on Hill's greatest hits albums \"There You'll Be\" and \"The Hits\". Upon release, \"There You'll Be\" became Hill's highest-charting single in the United Kingdom and Ireland, reaching numbers three and four, respectively. The song also reached number one in Canada and Sweden and became a top 10", "title": "There You'll Be" }, { "id": "20875451", "text": "minutes, and are released once a week on Thursdays and twice a month on Patreon. Most episodes are recorded in the HowStuffWorks studio in Los Angeles. Within the past year they have begun touring and performing for studio audiences as \"The Bechdel Cast\", which include live episodes such as \"The Notebook with Caitlin Gill\" and \"Edward Scissorhands with Maggie Mae Fish\". Caitlin Durante is a comedian and producer. She was the program producer for the Nerdmelt Showroom comedy venue at Meltdown Comics in Los Angeles from early 2015 until it closed in April 2018. She is also a scriptwriter and", "title": "The Bechdel Cast" }, { "id": "15451557", "text": "\"Houston (I'm Comin' to See You)\". It was released in July 1974 as the album's second single. Campbell's version peaked at number 3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada. Willie Nelson also covered the song as a bonus track on the reissue of his 1975 concept album \"Red Headed Stranger\". In addition, the song was covered by Michael Nesmith and the Second National Band's 1972 album \"Tantamount to Treason Vol. 1\". Bonaparte's Retreat (Pee Wee King song) \"Bonaparte's Retreat\" is the name of two related songs.", "title": "Bonaparte's Retreat (Pee Wee King song)" }, { "id": "15401258", "text": "\"\"Ol' Ernie Wilkins he sure gives you wings\"\", but these new lyrics were deemed inappropriate by composer Richard Rodgers and as a result Riverside Records/Mark Murphy were asked to substitute a 'straight' shorter version of it, but with the same arrangement. Another track left off the original album is \"I'll Be Seeing You\" for much the same reason. These original versions (still available in Japan) have become a collector's piece. Rah (Mark Murphy album) Rah is a 1961 studio album by Mark Murphy, arranged by Ernie Wilkins. This was Murphy's first Riverside Records album, and he is supported by an", "title": "Rah (Mark Murphy album)" }, { "id": "15823372", "text": "majority of LRB's best work. The Definitive Collection (Little River Band album) The Definitive Collection, originally released in Australia in 2002 and released in the U.S. in 2004 offers 13 of Little River Band's biggest hits among its 19 tracks, including Help Is on Its Way, \"Happy Anniversary\", \"Reminiscing\", \"Lady\", \"Lonesome Loser\", \"The Night Owls\", \"Cool Change\", \"Take It Easy on Me\" and \"Man on Your Mind\". While the 2000 expanded version of \"Greatest Hits\" has more actual charting American hits, including \"I'll Always Call Your Name\" and \"You're Driving Me Out of My Mind\", neither of which are here,", "title": "The Definitive Collection (Little River Band album)" }, { "id": "2940762", "text": "website. This song was credited to the entire group, though it was only written and performed by Paul and Storm. In 2004, the band stopped touring and regular performances. Two of the members, Paul and Storm, then hit the road as a musical duo dubbed Paul and Storm. DVN will still perform together on occasion for corporate shows. In 2007, interest in the band spiked as they began to get played on the syndicated \"Bob and Tom\" radio show. Their signature songs include \"Ally McBeal\", \"Enormous Penis\", \"Internet Porn\", and \"Title of the Song\". In 2013, DVN's \"Another Irish Drinking", "title": "Da Vinci's Notebook" }, { "id": "15251324", "text": "he received the Ivor Novello Award for Songwriter of the Year from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. His single from \"x\", \"Thinking Out Loud\", earned him two Grammy Awards at the 2016 ceremony: Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance. In May 2016, \"x\" was named the second-best-selling album worldwide of 2015. Sheeran's third album, \"÷\" (pronounced \"divide\"), was released in March 2017. The album debuted at number one in the UK, the US and other major markets. The first two singles from the album, \"Shape of You\" and \"Castle on the Hill\", were released", "title": "Ed Sheeran" }, { "id": "677392", "text": "on the Hot 100 but went to No. 12 on R&B chart. The third single, a duet with Sheena Easton, \"U Got the Look\", charted at No. 2 on the Hot 100 and No. 11 on the R&B chart, and the final single, \"I Could Never Take the Place of Your Man\", finished at No. 10 on Hot 100 and No. 14 on the R&B chart. It was named the top album of the year by the Pazz & Jop critics' poll and sold 3.2 million copies. In Europe it performed well, and Prince promoted the album overseas with a", "title": "Prince (musician)" }, { "id": "6439162", "text": "a major hit on radio stations nationwide and became their first top-ten single in \"Billboard\" Hot 100, peaking at number ten. The second single was \"You Got It (The Right Stuff)\", a worldwide hit which peaked at number three on the Billboard charts. \"I'll Be Loving You (Forever)\", a ballad, was the third single released and became their first number-one in \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The title track was released next and also reached number one. \"Cover Girl\" was the fifth released; it peaked at number two. \"My Favorite Girl\" was released in January 1990 as a promotional single sent to", "title": "Hangin' Tough" }, { "id": "11599955", "text": "Tony Fruscella Tony Fruscella (February 4, 1927 – August 14, 1969) was an American jazz trumpeter. Tony Fruscella and his sister Maria, grew up in Greenwich Village, Manhattan, New York. He played in an Army band early in his career. He worked as a sideman in the 1950s for Charlie Barnet, Lester Young, Gerry Mulligan (1954), and Stan Getz(1955). He played with Don Joseph later in the 1950s, but by the early 1960s his problems with drug abuse and alcoholism prevented him from performing. Fruscella released one album, \"I'll Be Seeing You\" (1955), as a leader during his lifetime. It", "title": "Tony Fruscella" }, { "id": "13660209", "text": "be reopened on June 4th, 2015. A new plaque design will be revealed along with the induction of artists Jack White and Loretta Lynn. Honorees are inducted twice annually, in the spring and fall. November 2006 inductees: April 2007 inductees: November 2007 inductees: April 2008 inductees: November 2008, inductees: April 2009 inductees: November 2009 inductees: November 2010 inductees: May 2011 inductees: October 2011 inductee: November 2011 inductees: June 2012 inductees: September 2012 inductees: June 2015 inductees: September 2015 inductees: October 2015 inductees: May 2016 inductees: October 2016 inductees: April 2017 inductees: September 2017 inductees: October 2017 inductee: August 2018 inductees:", "title": "Music City Walk of Fame" }, { "id": "8579721", "text": "Summer Breeze (song) \"Summer Breeze\" is a song written and recorded by Seals and Crofts that has been covered by The Isley Brothers, Type O Negative, The Three Tenors, George Benson/Al Jarreau and many other artists. Seals and Crofts' original version, released in 1972, reached No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the US. In 2013, it was ranked No. 13 in \"Rolling Stone\"′s \"Best Summer Songs of All Time\". Released on their 1972 \"Summer Breeze\" album, Seals and Crofts' original version reached No. 6 on the \"Billboard\" Pop Singles chart in the US that same year. Bruce", "title": "Summer Breeze (song)" }, { "id": "10439028", "text": "from the album. The first single \"No One\" peaked at number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming Keys' third number-one single and was also successful in other international markets, charting within the top 10 around the world. Additionally, \"No One\" won two Grammy Awards in 2008 for Best R&B Song, and Best Female R&B Vocal Performance. A second single \"Like You'll Never See Me Again\" was released as a single and peaked at 12 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The next single \"Teenage Love Affair\" peaked at number", "title": "As I Am" }, { "id": "5506666", "text": "Fame (David Bowie song) \"Fame\" is a song recorded by David Bowie, initially released in 1975. Written by Bowie, Carlos Alomar and John Lennon, it was a hit in North America, becoming Bowie's first number 1 single in the Canadian Singles Chart as well as the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The song was one of the more successful singles of the year, ranking at number 7 on the \"Billboard\" Year-End Hot 100. It was less successful in Europe, reaching number 17 in the UK Singles Chart. The song is one of four of Bowie's songs to be included in The", "title": "Fame (David Bowie song)" }, { "id": "12463375", "text": "\"Billboard\" 200 for 8 weeks. It also went top ten in the UK, reaching #7. Other than \"I Got You Babe\", the album contains the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 top 20 hit single \"Just You\" and the minor hit single \"The Letter\", which peaked at #75. The cover was designed by Haig Adishian and photographed by Robert W. Young. The song \"Sing C'est la Vie\" was covered in 1968 by future ABBA star Agnetha Fältskog with Swedish lyrics as a non-album duet-single with fellow Swedish singer Jörgen Edman entitled \"Sjung denna sång\". Look at Us Look at Us is the debut", "title": "Look at Us" }, { "id": "11161119", "text": "has been certified Platinum in the United States. It became a worldwide hit, charting within the Top 10 of several countries, including a number-one peak in Norway. It also won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year in 2009; in addition, its single \"Please Read the Letter\" won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year that same year. The following singles were released from collaboration albums. The following songs were released from soundtracks only. The following singles all featured Alison Krauss as a guest vocalist. The following songs charted from unsolicited airplay. Alison Krauss discography The discography of", "title": "Alison Krauss discography" }, { "id": "7798169", "text": "out to \"I'm Like a Bird\" by singer Nelly Furtado. The song also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song, but also lost to Randy Newman's \"If I Didn't Have You\" from Disney/Pixar's \"Monsters, Inc.\". On June 1, 2001, the song was used in an episode of \"Top of the Pops\". There You'll Be \"There You'll Be\" is a love song by American country pop recording artist Faith Hill. Written by Diane Warren, produced by Trevor Horn and Byron Gallimore, and arranged by David Campbell, it was released in May 2001 and was featured on the \"Pearl Harbor\"", "title": "There You'll Be" }, { "id": "13747096", "text": "Ester Dean Esther Renay Dean, known professionally as Ester Dean, (born April 15, 1986) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actress. Dean has also written songs for many artists including Christina Aguilera, Florence + The Machine, Katy Perry, Beyoncé, Drake, Selena Gomez, Nicole Scherzinger, Priyanka Chopra, Mary J. Blige, Nicki Minaj, Kelly Clarkson, Ciara, The Pussycat Dolls, Usher, Kelly Rowland, Girlicious, Keri Hilson, Rihanna, R. Kelly, Britney Spears, G.R.L., Soulja Boy Tell 'Em, Little Mix, Pia Toscano, Tinie Tempah, Lil Wayne, Machine Gun Kelly, Fifth Harmony, and Eurovision Song Contest 2012 winner Loreen. Her 2009 debut single \"Drop", "title": "Ester Dean" }, { "id": "12082986", "text": "stating \"It's hard not to admire its unabashed sentimentality, but The Notebook is too clumsily manipulative to rise above its melodramatic clichés.\" At Metacritic, which assigns an average rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film currently holds an average score of 53, based on 34 reviews, which indicates \"mixed or average reviews.\" Roger Ebert of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" praised the film, awarding it three-and-a-half stars out of four, calling the photography \"striking in its rich, saturated effects\" and stating that the \"actors are blessed by good material.\" Peter Lowry of \"Film Threat\" gave the film three-and-a-half", "title": "The Notebook" }, { "id": "1858367", "text": "chart at No. 8, while reaching No. 3 on the UK Album Chart. The single \"Most High\" reached No. 1 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, and No. 26 in the UK. Plant re-recorded the song \"Please Read the Letter\" with Alison Krauss for their 2007 collaboration album \"Raising Sand\". This re-recording won the Record of the Year award at the 2009 Grammy Awards. All songs by Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, Charlie Jones, and Michael Lee. Japanese bonus track Note Page and Plant Additional personnel Walking into Clarksdale Walking into Clarksdale is the only studio album by Jimmy Page and", "title": "Walking into Clarksdale" }, { "id": "18533411", "text": "album, \"I Must Be Seeing Things\". The song was produced by Stan Kahan and Pitney. The Partridge Family released a cover version of the song as a single in 1972 that reached number 9 on both the U.S. adult contemporary chart and UK Singles Chart, number 16 in Canada, and number 39 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, the group's final Top 40 hit. Their cover was produced by Wes Farrell and released on Bell Records. It was featured on their 1972 album,\"The Partridge Family Notebook\". Looking Through the Eyes of Love \"Looking Through the Eyes of Love\" is a song", "title": "Looking Through the Eyes of Love" }, { "id": "6153105", "text": "stream-of-consciousness lunacy. Midler was more emotional. When the conversation turned to Johnny's favorite songs, \"I'll Be Seeing You\" and \"Here's That Rainy Day\", Midler mentioned that she knew a chorus of the latter. She began singing the song, and after the first line, Carson joined in and turned it into an impromptu duet. Midler finished her appearance from center stage, where she slowly sang the pop standard \"One for My Baby (and One More for the Road)\". Carson became unexpectedly tearful, and a shot of the two of them was captured by a camera angle from across the set that", "title": "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson" }, { "id": "15823371", "text": "The Definitive Collection (Little River Band album) The Definitive Collection, originally released in Australia in 2002 and released in the U.S. in 2004 offers 13 of Little River Band's biggest hits among its 19 tracks, including Help Is on Its Way, \"Happy Anniversary\", \"Reminiscing\", \"Lady\", \"Lonesome Loser\", \"The Night Owls\", \"Cool Change\", \"Take It Easy on Me\" and \"Man on Your Mind\". While the 2000 expanded version of \"Greatest Hits\" has more actual charting American hits, including \"I'll Always Call Your Name\" and \"You're Driving Me Out of My Mind\", neither of which are here, this nevertheless has the great", "title": "The Definitive Collection (Little River Band album)" }, { "id": "4593842", "text": "early MP3 downloads, signed CDs and one-off personalised items. \"The Stone\" was released on February 18, 2014. Andre Cymone released his 6th studio album, \"1969\", on April 7, 2017, via BandCamp and iTunes. André Cymone André Cymone (born Andre Simon Anderson; June 27, 1958) is an American bassist, songwriter and record producer. Cymone was a bass guitarist for recording artist Prince's touring band, pre-Revolution. Cymone began a solo career in 1981. His song, \"The Dance Electric\" (written by Prince), reached number ten on the R&B charts. Cymone later co-wrote and produced hit songs for other acts, including Jody Watley's \"Looking", "title": "André Cymone" }, { "id": "2028703", "text": "Show With Al Kooper With Preston Love With Guitar Slim Green With Gerald Wilson With Frank Zappa With Jimmy Vivino With Mark Lotito Shuggie Otis Shuggie Otis (born Johnny Alexander Veliotes, Jr.; November 30, 1953) is an American singer-songwriter, recording artist, and multi-instrumentalist. Otis's composition \"Strawberry Letter 23\" (as recorded by The Brothers Johnson) topped the \"Billboard\" R&B chart and reached #5 of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in 1977. He also achieved commercial success with his 1974 single \"Inspiration Information\" (from the album of the same name), reaching #56 on the R&B chart. Born in Los Angeles, California, Otis", "title": "Shuggie Otis" }, { "id": "20459920", "text": "featuring American singer Marc Anthony was released on 7 July 2017. The song peaked at number 48 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Latin Songs chart. \"Corazón\" was released digitally on music stores and streaming services on 3 November 2017, as the album's second single. The song peaked at number 87 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and at number five on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Latin Songs chart. \"El Préstamo\" was released digitally on music stores and streaming services on 9 March 2018, as the album's third single. The song", "title": "F.A.M.E. (Maluma album)" }, { "id": "16158842", "text": "the Take Me Home Tour and documents their origins and rise to fame. The group's debut studio album \"Up All Night\" was released in November 2011. It topped the charts in sixteen countries. The lead single, \"What Makes You Beautiful\", was an international hit, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart and number four on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100; it has since been certified four and six times platinum in the US and Australia, respectively. Subsequent singles, \"Gotta Be You\" and \"One Thing\", became top ten hits in the UK. The band's second studio album \"Take Me Home\"", "title": "One Direction discography" }, { "id": "2788902", "text": "a digital download in the US and the UK in July 2011. The song has reached number 23 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. The third US single will be \"I Got This\". The non-single track \"Don't Look Down\" reached number 70 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Hudson played a nun in the Farrelly brothers film \"The Three Stooges\" (2012). The day after the death of Whitney Houston, Hudson paid tribute to her by singing Houston's iconic \"I Will Always Love You\" during the 54th Grammy Awards held on February 12, 2012 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles,", "title": "Jennifer Hudson" }, { "id": "3545138", "text": "the U.S., was released in 1973. It was in a Latin big-band style that attracted a large audience and was produced by Creed Taylor for his label, CTI Records. The album sold five million copies and earned Deodato the 1974 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance for the track \"Also Sprach Zarathustra (2001)\", as well as a Grammy nomination for Best New Artist. The song went to No. 2 on the pop chart in the U.S., No. 3 in Canada, and No. 7 in the U.K., and was CTI's biggest-selling single. The album climbed to No. 3 in the", "title": "Eumir Deodato" }, { "id": "11854757", "text": "\"Show You\" featuring Future. His 2018 single, \"Taste\", peaked at number 8 on the \"Billboard Hot 100\", being his first Top 40 single in over 3 years. Micheal Ray Stevenson was born in Compton, California, on November 19, 1989, and raised there until he \"was about 11, 12,\" before moving to adjacent Gardena. He is of Vietnamese and Jamaican descent. His mother was born in Vietnam and has the maiden name Nguyen. He grew up listening to Fabolous, Lil Wayne, Cam'ron and Eminem among many others. On December 3, 2012, debate arose concerning Tyga's upbringing. Tyga claimed to have been", "title": "Tyga" }, { "id": "2094324", "text": "produced by Wright. The album's first two singles, \"A Little Past Little Rock\" and \"I'll Think of a Reason Later\" both went to No. 2 on the Billboard Country Chart. Two additional singles, \"(Now You See Me) Now You Don't\" and \"Don't Tell Me\" were released in 1999, and the album was certified Gold by the RIAA soon after. That year, she also won Favorite Country New Artist from the American Music Awards. Womack also contributed her vocals to the songs \"If You're Ever Down in Dallas\" and \"The Man Who Made Mama Cry\" in collaboration with her ex-husband and", "title": "Lee Ann Womack" }, { "id": "19021460", "text": "interpolation found in the song is the Christian hymn \"O Come Let Us Adore Him\". In 1998, the song won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group. The single spent 11 weeks on top of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 during the summer of 1997. With worldwide sales likely over eight million, including shipments of three million copies in the United States and over one million in both Germany and the United Kingdom, the song has become one of the best-selling singles of all time. The song, a rap ballad, had already been completed before permission", "title": "I'll Be Missing You" }, { "id": "5686643", "text": "Little Red Corvette \"Little Red Corvette\" is a song by American musician Prince. Released as a single from the album \"1999\" in 1983, the song was his biggest hit at the time, and his first to reach the top 10 in the US, peaking at number six on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 singles chart. It was also his first single to perform better on the pop chart than the R&B chart. The song combines a drum machine beat and slow synth buildup for the verses and a full rock chorus. Backing vocals were done by Dez Dickerson and Lisa Coleman", "title": "Little Red Corvette" }, { "id": "10429895", "text": "in 1976. Artists who had a hit record with the song include Leo Reisman & Clifton Webb (1933), Bing Crosby (recorded June 1, 1942), Harry James (1942), Guy Lombardo and His Royal Canadians (1947), and Liberace (1954). The song is often considered to be one of the most popular Easter songs of all time, along with \"Peter Cottontail\". Easter Parade (song) \"Easter Parade\" is a popular song, written by Irving Berlin and published in 1933. Berlin originally wrote the melody in 1917, under the title \"Smile and Show Your Dimple\", as a \"cheer up\" song for a girl whose man", "title": "Easter Parade (song)" }, { "id": "14415404", "text": "songs, many World War II songs focused more on romance and strength instead of propaganda, morale, and patriotism. Songs that were overly patriotic or militaristic were often rejected by the public. Popular singers of the era included Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, the Andrews Sisters and Bing Crosby. Notable wartime radio songs were \"Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy\", \"Shoo Shoo Baby\", \"I'm Making Believe\", \"I'll Be Seeing You\", and \"I'll Be Home for Christmas\". Songs that ridiculed the Axis Powers were also popular. These songs include We'll Knock the Japs Right into the Laps of the Nazis, Yankee Doodle Ain't Doodlin' Now,", "title": "American music during World War II" }, { "id": "17738777", "text": "in September 1964. Also included on the recording session was Dove's minor hit, \"Hello Pretty Girl\". Dove's version was officially released as a single in October 1964 and it peaked at number fourteen on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The song became Dove's first major hit as a recording artist, leading to a string of successful top-twenty Bubblegum hits on the Hot 100 during the 1960s. Right or Wrong (Wanda Jackson song) \"Right or Wrong\" or \"Right or Wrong (I'll Be with You)\" is a song written and originally recorded by Wanda Jackson, an American country, rock, and Christian music artist.", "title": "Right or Wrong (Wanda Jackson song)" }, { "id": "10160652", "text": "remixed for single release; this version features on Gayle's second album, \"Sensational\". Michelle Gayle (album) Michelle Gayle is the debut album by British R&B-soul singer Michelle Gayle, released in 1994 by RCA Records of BMG UK. The album was produced and co-written in parts by Narada Michael Walden who had previously worked with artists such as Whitney Houston. The album includes Gayle's biggest hit single, \"Sweetness\", which reached number 4 in the UK Singles Chart, along with four other UK Top 40 hit singles; \"Looking Up\" (UK #11), \"I'll Find You\" (UK #26), \"Freedom\" (UK #16) and \"Happy Just to", "title": "Michelle Gayle (album)" }, { "id": "2601261", "text": "Carr, Jack Jones, and Joe and Eddie. Willson wrote a number of very well known songs, such as \"You and I\", which was a No. 1 for Glenn Miller in 1941 on the \"Billboard\" charts. It was also recorded by Bing Crosby, and by Tommy Dorsey with Frank Sinatra on vocals. Three songs from \"The Music Man\" have become American standards: \"Seventy-Six Trombones\", \"Gary, Indiana\", and \"Till There Was You\". The last was recorded by The Beatles for their UK album \"With The Beatles\" (1963). (The album's American equivalent, \"Meet The Beatles!\", was issued in 1964.) Other popular songs composed", "title": "Meredith Willson" }, { "id": "15391310", "text": "Mike Merritt and Mike Shapiro provided backing instrumentation for the album alongside Postmodern Jukebox's Scott Bradlee, who played piano, and Reinhart's father, Harry, who once again provided guitar. The album, entitled \"What's That Sound?\", was released September 22, 2017 through Concord Records and features 11 covers of 1960s classics with 3 original songs. Reinhart described the project as an homage to songs and bands that influenced her childhood and her career. The album's lead single, \"Baby It's You\" was released June 16, 2017 alongside the official music video. The album's first promotional single, \"The Letter\", was released in a special", "title": "Haley Reinhart" }, { "id": "7868223", "text": "The Prince of Egypt (Nashville) The Prince of Egypt (Nashville) was one of three albums released along with Dreamworks's 1998 movie, The Prince of Egypt. This country-themed album featured several prominent country music acts. It peaked at #6 and #8 on \"Billboard\" magazine's \"Top Contemporary Christian\" and \"Top Country Album\" charts respectively. Two of the singles contained here entered the Hot Country Singles & tracks charts: Judd's rendition \"Freedom\" at #68, and Andrews' \"I Will Be There for You\" (also included on her debut album \"Heart Shaped World\") at #28. The latter also peaked at #8 on the Bubbling Under", "title": "The Prince of Egypt (Nashville)" }, { "id": "9755732", "text": "Music and Lyrics: Music from the Motion Picture Music and Lyrics: Music from the Motion Picture is the 2007 soundtrack from the film \"Music and Lyrics\". It was released by Atlantic Records on February 13, 2007, and features songs performed by the film's stars Hugh Grant, Drew Barrymore, and Haley Bennett. The album reached #5 on the \"Billboard\" Top Soundtracks Chart and #63 on the \"Billboard\" 200. The song \"Invincible\" performed by Haley Bennett that plays at the end of the film credits does not appear on the soundtrack. The same is true for the song \"Work to Do\", written", "title": "Music and Lyrics: Music from the Motion Picture" }, { "id": "10812266", "text": "Richard Tee Richard Tee (November 24, 1943 – July 21, 1993) was an American pianist, studio musician, singer and arranger who had several hundred studio credits and played on such notable hits as In Your Eyes, Slip Slidin' Away, Just the Two of Us, I'll Be Sweeter Tomorrow (Than I Was Today), Tell Her About It, and many others. Tee was born in Brooklyn, New York, where he spent most of his life and lived with his mother in a brownstone apartment building. Tee graduated from The High School of Music & Art in New York City and attended the", "title": "Richard Tee" }, { "id": "9755733", "text": "by Adam Schlesinger (who wrote most of the songs for the film) and performed by the folk band America, which plays only at the end of the film credits. Music and Lyrics: Music from the Motion Picture Music and Lyrics: Music from the Motion Picture is the 2007 soundtrack from the film \"Music and Lyrics\". It was released by Atlantic Records on February 13, 2007, and features songs performed by the film's stars Hugh Grant, Drew Barrymore, and Haley Bennett. The album reached #5 on the \"Billboard\" Top Soundtracks Chart and #63 on the \"Billboard\" 200. The song \"Invincible\" performed", "title": "Music and Lyrics: Music from the Motion Picture" }, { "id": "6599763", "text": "Spinners (album) Spinners is the third studio album recorded by American R&B group The Spinners, produced by Thom Bell and released in April 1973 on the Atlantic label. The album was the group's first for Atlantic after leaving Motown. \"Spinners\" includes their first American top-ten and R&B number-one hit \"I'll Be Around\", along with the successful songs \"Could It Be I'm Falling in Love\", \"One of a Kind (Love Affair)\", \"Ghetto Child\", and \"How Could I Let You Get Away\". The album was also the second of fourteen straight studio albums to make the \"Billboard\" 200, and their first in", "title": "Spinners (album)" }, { "id": "6915589", "text": "Dollar Quartet,\" which opened in New York in April 2010. Lyons also covered the song in the \"Million Dollar Quartet\" original Broadway cast recording. Dr. Feelgood also recorded a version based on this original in 1986. The song was also recorded by Roy Hall and Otto Bash in 1956. Wayne Gibson with the Dynamic Sounds featuring Jimmy Page on lead guitar released the song as a single in August, 1964. Freddie and the Dreamers also recorded the song in 1964. Sha Na Na recorded the song for their syndicated TV show in 1978. Mud, The Shakers, Orion, Millie Small, James", "title": "See You Later, Alligator" }, { "id": "20214140", "text": "Education: Marcie Wolfe, Mt. Ogden Middle School Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia Education: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Industry: Education: Special: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Special: Academia: Education Government: Industry: Special: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Academia: Education: Government: Industry: Special: Academia: Education: Industry: Government: Special: Academia: Education: Industry: Government: Academia: Education: Industry: Government: Academia: Education: Industry: Government: Special: Academia: Education: Industry: Government: Special: Academia: Education: Industry: Government:", "title": "Utah Governor's Medal for Science and Technology" }, { "id": "5416421", "text": "1991, following its final chart position at No. 199. \"World Clique\" is Deee-Lite's most successful album, outlasting \"Infinity Within\" (1992) and \"Dewdrops in the Garden\" (1994) on the Billboard 200 chart and outperforming its successors in terms of highest peak position and mainstream exposure and sales. World Clique World Clique is the debut album by American dance-music band Deee-Lite, which was released in 1990. The album's first single, \"Groove Is in the Heart\", was a top-five success on both the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart as well as a No. 1 hit on the U.S. Hot Dance", "title": "World Clique" } ]	who sings i'll be seeing you in the notebook
[ "20" ]	[ { "id": "19269383", "text": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", based on the books of the same name by Sara Shepard, was renewed on June 10, 2014 for two additional seasons, making the show Freeform's longest running original series. The season consisted of 20 episodes, in which ten episodes aired in the summer of 2016, with the remaining ten episodes aired from April 2017. The season's premiere aired on June 21, 2016 on Freeform. Production and filming began in the end of March 2016, which was confirmed by showrunner I.", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19269404", "text": "on the show since towards the end of the fifth season. Pretty Little Liars (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", based on the books of the same name by Sara Shepard, was renewed on June 10, 2014 for two additional seasons, making the show Freeform's longest running original series. The season consisted of 20 episodes, in which ten episodes aired in the summer of 2016, with the remaining ten episodes aired from April 2017. The season's premiere aired on June 21, 2016 on Freeform. Production and filming began in", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19269393", "text": "was ordered with the sixth season on June 10, 2014, right before the fifth-season premiere aired, which made Pretty Little Liars ABC Family's longest running original series, surpassing \"The Secret Life of the American Teenager\", which was ABC Family's previous longest running original series. The season will consist of 20 episodes, in which ten episodes will air in the summer of 2016, with the remaining ten episodes beginning to air in April 2017. Charlie Craig, who served as writer/consulting producer on the second season, will return for the seventh season as executive producer/co-showrunner. I. Marlene King revealed the title of", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19689356", "text": "Original G'A'ngsters \"Original G'A'ngsters\" is the seventh episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on August 9, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-seventh episode of the series, it was directed by Melanie Mayron and written by Kateland Brown. The episode received a Nielsen rating of 0.6 and was viewed by 1.16 million viewers, up from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series focuses on a group of five women, collectively known as Liars, who receive anonymous messages in", "title": "Original G'A'ngsters" }, { "id": "19689374", "text": "a 8.6/10 rating on TV.com and 8.5/10 rating on IMDb. Original G'A'ngsters \"Original G'A'ngsters\" is the seventh episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on August 9, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-seventh episode of the series, it was directed by Melanie Mayron and written by Kateland Brown. The episode received a Nielsen rating of 0.6 and was viewed by 1.16 million viewers, up from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series focuses on a group of five", "title": "Original G'A'ngsters" }, { "id": "19696044", "text": "Exes and OMGs \"Exes and OMGs\" is the eighth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on August 16, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-eighth episode, it was directed by Kimberly McCullough and written by Charlie Craig. \"Exes and OMGs\" received a Nielsen rating of 0.6 and was viewed by 1.11 million viewers, down from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series revolves around a group of five women—collectively known as Liars—, who receive anonymous messages in the", "title": "Exes and OMGs" }, { "id": "20219828", "text": "Till Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars) \"Till Death Do Us Part\" is the series finale of \"Pretty Little Liars\", which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 27, 2017. The twentieth episode of the seventh season and the 160th overall, it was directed by showrunner I. Marlene King, who also co-wrote the episode alongside Kyle Bown and Maya Goldsmith. Shortly after the two-hour final episode, a special titled \"A-List Wrap Party\" was aired, in which the main cast and King talked about the show's end and behind-the-scenes exclusives. In this episode, the Liars finally", "title": "Till Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19676415", "text": "Wanted: Dead or Alive (Pretty Little Liars) \"Wanted: Dead or Alive\" is the sixth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on August 2, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-sixth episode on the series, it was directed by Bethany Rooney and written by Lijah J. Barasz. The episode received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 1.10 million viewers. It received mixed to positive reviews from critics. The series focuses on a group of five women, collectively known as Liars, who receive anonymous messages in", "title": "Wanted: Dead or Alive (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "20185235", "text": "of nonsensical plot twists.\" Lauren Busser of \"Tell-Tale TV\" gave the episode 4.7 out of 5 stars. The episode received a 4 out of 5 stars rating from Jessica Goldstein of \"Vulture\". Driving Miss Crazy \"Driving Miss Crazy\" is the seventeenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the show's 157th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 6, 2017. It was co-written by executive producer Oliver Goldstick and Francesca Rollins, and directed by Goldstick. They had previously worked on the ninth episode of the sixth season. In this episode,", "title": "Driving Miss Crazy" }, { "id": "19676427", "text": "and some of the characters had better material than the last episode (looking at you Spencer).\" Jessica Goldstein of \"Vulture\" gave the episode three out of 5 stars. The episode currently holds a 8.1/10 rating on TV.com and 8.5/10 rating on IMDb. Wanted: Dead or Alive (Pretty Little Liars) \"Wanted: Dead or Alive\" is the sixth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on August 2, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-sixth episode on the series, it was directed by Bethany Rooney and written by Lijah J.", "title": "Wanted: Dead or Alive (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19701322", "text": "The Wrath of Kahn (Pretty Little Liars) \"The Wrath of Kahn\" is the ninth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on August 23, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-ninth episode, it was written by Jonell Lennon and directed by Chad Lowe. \"The Wrath of Kahn\" received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 1.09 million viewers, down from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series revolves around a group of five women—collectively known as Liars—,", "title": "The Wrath of Kahn (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "20174821", "text": "the Heart\" premiered on May 23, 2017 to an audience of 0.85 million Americans, acquiring a 0.4 rating/share among adults 18–49, a decrease from the previous episode, and the lower rating in the season until then. In the Eye Abides the Heart \"In the Eye Abides the Heart\" is the 155th episode overall and the fifteenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", which premiered on May 23, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. It was directed by cast member Troian Bellisario and written by executive producer Joseph Dougherty. The installment received a Nielsen rating of 0.4 and", "title": "In the Eye Abides the Heart" }, { "id": "20211073", "text": "Choose or Lose \"Choose or Lose\" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the show's 158th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 13, 2017. The episode was directed by Norman Buckley and written by Charlie Craig. In this episode, the Liars finally discover that Aria (Lucy Hale) has been working with 'A.D.' after Mona (Janel Parrish) investigated on Aria. Lieutenant Tanner (Roma Maffia) returns to Rosewood to work on the Dunhill's homicide case, quickly targeting the Liars on her radar. Caleb (Tyler Blackburn) and Hanna (Ashley", "title": "Choose or Lose" }, { "id": "19269399", "text": "air, that \"Pretty Little Liars\" will end after the seventh season. Production began on February 1, 2016, when King announced on Twitter that the writers were in full swing brainstorming and mapping the seventh season. Production and filming began in the end of March 2016 and officially wrapped up in October 2016. The seventh season has nine roles receiving star billing, with eight of them returning from the previous season, six of which was part of the original cast from the first season. The season saw the four protagonists of the series continue the roles as they try to take", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19648420", "text": "Along Comes Mary (Pretty Little Liars) \"Along Comes Mary\" is the fifth episode of the seventh season of the American mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on July 16, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-fifth episode on the series, it was directed by Norman Buckley and written by Bryan M. Holdman. The episode received a Nielsen rating of 0.6 and was viewed by 1.17 million viewers. It received mixed to positive reviews from critics. The series focuses on a group of five women, collectively known as Liars, whose receive anonymous messages in form", "title": "Along Comes Mary (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19269394", "text": "the premiere \"Tick-Tock, Bitches\" on Twitter. \"Variety\" announced that season premiere would air on June 21, 2016, the latest for a season premiere in the show's history. Additionally, series star Troian Bellisario would make her directorial debut this season. Bellisario is set to direct the fifteenth episode of the season. A promo was released on May 12, 2016. Freeform released a promotional poster for the season, on June 7, 2016. After the season premiere, Freeform released another poster which included Ashley Benson. On August 29, 2016, I. Marlene King with the principal cast of the show announced that \"Pretty Little", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19620465", "text": "Hit and Run, Run, Run \"Hit and Run, Run, Run\" is the fourth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on July 12, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The episode was written by Maya Goldsmith and directed by Michael Goi. This episode is rated TV-14. The episode revolves around the aftermath of Elliott Rollins' gruesome murder at the hands of Hanna Marin, who asks her friends to hide the body and evidences of the crime. Meanwhile, the mysterious Jenna Marshall returns to Rosewood in the best way possible. \"Hit and", "title": "Hit and Run, Run, Run" }, { "id": "14201343", "text": "was announced on June 10, 2014 that \"Pretty Little Liars\" was renewed for two seasons, making the show ABC Family's longest running original hit series. On August 29, 2016, I.Marlene King announced that \"Pretty Little Liars\" would be ending after the seventh season had aired. The second half of the seventh season will begin airing later than previous season, in April instead of January. \"Pretty Little Liars\" opened with mixed reviews. Metacritic gave the pilot episode 52 out of 100, based upon 14 critical reviews. The New York \"Daily News\" gave the show a positive review, commenting that it \"makes", "title": "Pretty Little Liars" }, { "id": "20174812", "text": "In the Eye Abides the Heart \"In the Eye Abides the Heart\" is the 155th episode overall and the fifteenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", which premiered on May 23, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. It was directed by cast member Troian Bellisario and written by executive producer Joseph Dougherty. The installment received a Nielsen rating of 0.4 and was viewed by 0.85 million viewers, down from the previous episode. This broadcast is rated TV-14. (Nicholas Gonzalez) expresses his concerns about the Dunhill case. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) is shocked when he reveals that she is", "title": "In the Eye Abides the Heart" }, { "id": "20185223", "text": "Driving Miss Crazy \"Driving Miss Crazy\" is the seventeenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the show's 157th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 6, 2017. It was co-written by executive producer Oliver Goldstick and Francesca Rollins, and directed by Goldstick. They had previously worked on the ninth episode of the sixth season. In this episode, Mona (Janel Parrish) teams up with the Liars to investigate on Alison's pregnancy and on the Liars' Lament board game. Ezra (Ian Harding) and Aria (Lucy Hale) discuss their marriage, while Caleb", "title": "Driving Miss Crazy" }, { "id": "19269395", "text": "Liars\" would end after the seventh season. King also announced that the show would start airing the second half of the season later than usual, in April 2017 and that the series finale would be a two-hour episode event. It was reported on October 26, 2016, that a tell-all special will air after the series finale \"Till Death Do Us Part\", where the main cast and showrunner I. Marlene King talked about the show and behind-the-scenes exclusive. The seventh season had been speculated by both fans and the cast and crew of the show to being the final season of", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "20163757", "text": "Power Play (Pretty Little Liars) \"Power Play\" is the fourteenth episode of \"Pretty Little Liars\"' seventh season, which was originally aired on May 9, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. The installment was directed by Roger Kumble and written by Lijah J. Barasz. It received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 0.91 million viewers, up from the previous episode. This episode is rated TV-14. Alison’s (Sasha Pieterse) turn at the game forces her to make a drastic decision to abort her child but is haunted when \"A.D.\" reminds her of when she was in the psychiatric hospital", "title": "Power Play (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19269384", "text": "Marlene King. The season premiere was written by I. Marlene King and directed by Ron Lagomarsino. King revealed the title of the premiere on Twitter on March 17, 2016. On August 29, 2016, it was confirmed that this would be the final season of the series. A.D. gives the Liars 24 hours to find Charlotte's real killer or Hanna dies. While discussing possible suspects, the girls' suspicion fell on Alison. Aria suspects the red jacket blonde she saw entering the church was Alison. Emily finds the jacket in Alison's things and Caleb gives it to A.D. Meanwhile, Hanna manages to", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "20163764", "text": "the several revelations depicted in it. Power Play (Pretty Little Liars) \"Power Play\" is the fourteenth episode of \"Pretty Little Liars\"' seventh season, which was originally aired on May 9, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. The installment was directed by Roger Kumble and written by Lijah J. Barasz. It received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 0.91 million viewers, up from the previous episode. This episode is rated TV-14. Alison’s (Sasha Pieterse) turn at the game forces her to make a drastic decision to abort her child but is haunted when \"A.D.\" reminds her of when", "title": "Power Play (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19584422", "text": "Tick-Tock, Bitches \"Tick-Tock, Bitches\" is the first episode of the seventh season of Freeform mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the 141st episode overall. It aired in the United States on June 21, 2016, serving as the season premiere. The episode was directed by Ron Lagomarsino and written by showrunner I. Marlene King. The episode is rated TV-14. In the episode, the Liars and company found themselves caught by a trap set by A, who kidnapped Hanna and held her captive. Meanwhile, Mary begins to settle into Rosewood and Elliott's still trying to keep Alison trapped inside the", "title": "Tick-Tock, Bitches" }, { "id": "20211082", "text": "Weekly\" gave the episode a B+ letter rating. Choose or Lose \"Choose or Lose\" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the show's 158th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 13, 2017. The episode was directed by Norman Buckley and written by Charlie Craig. In this episode, the Liars finally discover that Aria (Lucy Hale) has been working with 'A.D.' after Mona (Janel Parrish) investigated on Aria. Lieutenant Tanner (Roma Maffia) returns to Rosewood to work on the Dunhill's homicide case, quickly targeting the Liars on", "title": "Choose or Lose" }, { "id": "19269398", "text": "seventh season, but would not necessarily mean that the show would end after the seventh season. Hale said on \"The Late Late Show with James Corden\" that the show was ending after the seventh season. Bellisario's fiancé Patrick J. Adams said in June 2016, that the show was ending in 2017, as the couple has decided to get married after the show ends. Freeform gave out a statement not long after saying that \"There has been no official decision made for PLL beyond a season 7.\" It was announced on August 29, 2016, the day before the mid-season finale would", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "20133442", "text": "Hold Your Piece \"Hold Your Piece\" is the 13th episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", an American mystery drama television series based on the novel series written by Sara Shepard, and is the 153rd episode of the series. The episode, directed by Marta Cunningham and written by Bryan M. Holdman, originally aired on May 2, 2017 on the cable network Freeform. The episode yielded 0.86 million viewers, a decrease from the previous episode, and garnered a 0.4 rating in the 18-49 demographic. In the episode, it's Hanna's turn to play the Liar's Lament board game, and \"A.D.\"", "title": "Hold Your Piece" }, { "id": "19620473", "text": "Cleary praised the scene between Spencer, Hanna and Caleb on the episode, commenting, \"There was so much love and pain in that room that it made me wish it could somehow work out between all three of them (not in a weird way).\" Hit and Run, Run, Run \"Hit and Run, Run, Run\" is the fourth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on July 12, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The episode was written by Maya Goldsmith and directed by Michael Goi. This episode is rated TV-14. The episode", "title": "Hit and Run, Run, Run" }, { "id": "20133415", "text": "Were Made for Stalking \" was watched by 0.91 million Americans and earned a 0.5 rating/share according to the Nielsen Media Research. The broadcast is rated TV-14. These Boots Were Made for Stalking \"These Boots Were Made for Stalking\" is the twelfth episode of the seventh season of the American mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on April 25, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. The 152nd episode overall, it was directed by Ron Lagomarsino and written by Oliver Goldstick. \"These Boots Were Made for Stalking\" received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 0.91", "title": "These Boots Were Made for Stalking" }, { "id": "14201328", "text": "primarily on social media. On March 26, 2013, a spin-off series was announced, titled \"Ravenswood\", but was canceled after one season. On June 10, 2014, \"Pretty Little Liars\" was renewed for its sixth and seventh seasons. On August 29, 2016, Freeform confirmed that the series would be ending after its seventh season in 2017. Filming of the series officially wrapped on October 26, 2016. The series finale was viewed by an estimated 1.41 million viewers. It had the second-highest rating of any cable TV series that aired that night. The episode was followed by \"A-List Wrap Party\", a live special", "title": "Pretty Little Liars" }, { "id": "19648432", "text": "she had with Jenna too.\" Jessica Goldstein of \"Vulture\" gave the episode 2 out of 5 stars. Caitlin White of \"Wetpaint\" had favorable feelings on the episode and in the seventh season overall, alleging, \"this wild ride isn’t slowing down anytime soon.\" The episode currently holds an 8.5/10 rating on TV.com and 8/10 rating on IMDb. Along Comes Mary (Pretty Little Liars) \"Along Comes Mary\" is the fifth episode of the seventh season of the American mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on July 16, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-fifth episode on", "title": "Along Comes Mary (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19584430", "text": "similarities with the final season premiere of \"Desperate Housewives\" with its opening scene, but digresses that the premiere had \"a sense of finality to it, and a sense of hope that all the answers I'm searching for will be answered in the next 19 episodes.\" Tick-Tock, Bitches \"Tick-Tock, Bitches\" is the first episode of the seventh season of Freeform mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the 141st episode overall. It aired in the United States on June 21, 2016, serving as the season premiere. The episode was directed by Ron Lagomarsino and written by showrunner I. Marlene King.", "title": "Tick-Tock, Bitches" }, { "id": "19813481", "text": "The Darkest Knight (Pretty Little Liars) \"The Darkest Knight\" is tenth episode of the seventh season of the American mystery–thriller television series \"Pretty Little Liars\". The installment was directed by Arlene Sanford and written by showrunner I. Marlene King and executive producer Maya Goldsmith. It premiered on August 30, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. Spencer calls 911 to report Hanna's abduction. At the same time, Hanna uses a knife to get some of Noel's blood to send to a DNA lab. Aria, Alison, Emily, Mona, Caleb and Spencer team up with the Rosewood P.D. to find Hanna. Detective Furey", "title": "The Darkest Knight (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "20133406", "text": "These Boots Were Made for Stalking \"These Boots Were Made for Stalking\" is the twelfth episode of the seventh season of the American mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on April 25, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. The 152nd episode overall, it was directed by Ron Lagomarsino and written by Oliver Goldstick. \"These Boots Were Made for Stalking\" received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 0.91 million viewers, a decrease from the previous episode, although received favorable response. The series focuses on a group of five women, collectively known as the Liars, whose", "title": "These Boots Were Made for Stalking" }, { "id": "20116275", "text": "keep us distracted.\" \"SpoilerTV\" Gavin Hetherington wrote for the episode an uplifting review, stating that \"[the show is] going to take the final stretch of episodes in a very interesting direction.\" He also glorified the series' writer's work on Spencer's story line as Mary Drake's daughter. Playtime (Pretty Little Liars) \"Playtime\" is the eleventh episode of \"Pretty Little Liars\" seventh season and the 151st episode overall. It first aired on the Freeform network in the United States on April 18, 2017. The installment was directed by Chad Lowe and written by Allyson Nelson and Joseph Dougherty. Upon its original airing", "title": "Playtime (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "20185250", "text": "episode. The Glove That Rocks the Cradle \"The Glove That Rocks the Cradle\" is the sixteenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the show's 156th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on May 30, 2017. The installment was directed by Paula Hunziker and written by executive producer Maya Goldsmith. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) steals a hard drive on Lucas (Brendan Robinson) from Marco's (Nicholas Gonzalez) apartment about Lucas' alibi confession to the police the night Archer was killed. \"A.D.\" sends Aria (Lucy Hale) to destroy Alison (Sasha Pieterse) and Emily's (Shay", "title": "The Glove That Rocks the Cradle" }, { "id": "20116265", "text": "Playtime (Pretty Little Liars) \"Playtime\" is the eleventh episode of \"Pretty Little Liars\" seventh season and the 151st episode overall. It first aired on the Freeform network in the United States on April 18, 2017. The installment was directed by Chad Lowe and written by Allyson Nelson and Joseph Dougherty. Upon its original airing in the United States, the episode was watched by 1.33 million people. In the aftermath of Spencer's (Troian Bellisario) shooting, things get messy in the Hastings residence when Veronica (Lesley Fera) reveals things about the family's past. Meanwhile, the Liars struggle with their own personal problems,", "title": "Playtime (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "20185245", "text": "The Glove That Rocks the Cradle \"The Glove That Rocks the Cradle\" is the sixteenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", and the show's 156th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on May 30, 2017. The installment was directed by Paula Hunziker and written by executive producer Maya Goldsmith. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) steals a hard drive on Lucas (Brendan Robinson) from Marco's (Nicholas Gonzalez) apartment about Lucas' alibi confession to the police the night Archer was killed. \"A.D.\" sends Aria (Lucy Hale) to destroy Alison (Sasha Pieterse) and Emily's (Shay Mitchell)", "title": "The Glove That Rocks the Cradle" }, { "id": "19269390", "text": "Mary confesses to Rollins and Jessica's murder. A.D. ends the game as they have finally learned that Mona was Charlotte's killer. One year later, Mary escapes from prison and Mona is released from Welby but rejoins the A-Team and is sent to kidnap Spencer, who comes face-to-face with A.D. – Alex Drake, her twin sister. Mary reveals she sold Alex to a London family to get out of Radley. Alex ran away and met Wren who revealed everything about Spencer to her and introduced her to Charlotte who left her everything. She became A.D. to use the Liars to find", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "18651090", "text": "Pretty Little Liars (season 6) The sixth season of the American mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", based on the books of the same name by Sara Shepard, was renewed on June 10, 2014 for two additional seasons, making the show ABC Family's longest running original series. The sixth and seventh seasons will consist of 20 episodes each. It aired 10 episodes for the first half the season, which began airing on June 2, 2015. Filming for the sixth season began on March 24, 2015, which was confirmed by showrunner I. Marlene King on Twitter. The season premiere was", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 6)" }, { "id": "19701328", "text": "saying he really enjoyed the episode. Jessica Goldstein of \"Vulture\" gave the episode 3 out of 5 stars. Gavin Hetherington of SpoilerTV said he \"enjoyed the episode\" and that \"every character had some good moment\". \"The Wrath of Kahn\" currently holds a 8.7/10 rating on IMDb and a 8.2/10 rating on TV.com. The Wrath of Kahn (Pretty Little Liars) \"The Wrath of Kahn\" is the ninth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on August 23, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-ninth episode, it was written by", "title": "The Wrath of Kahn (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "20133449", "text": "episode a rating of 2.5 out of 5 stars, establishing a mixed opinion: \"[the episode] was all over the place with a lot of moments that made me want to turn the TV off. Hopefully, the series can pull it together before it comes to an end.\" Hold Your Piece \"Hold Your Piece\" is the 13th episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", an American mystery drama television series based on the novel series written by Sara Shepard, and is the 153rd episode of the series. The episode, directed by Marta Cunningham and written by Bryan M. Holdman,", "title": "Hold Your Piece" }, { "id": "20219853", "text": "or exciting of a concept.\" \"Till Death Do Us Part\" was viewed by 1.41 million viewers upon its first broadcast, acquiring a 0.7 Nielsen rating/share among the 18–49 demographic. It was second most watched episode of the season, and was slightly up from the sixth-season finale a year ago. This episode is rated TV-14. The \"A-List Wrap Party\" special was watched by 0.62 millions viewers. Till Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars) \"Till Death Do Us Part\" is the series finale of \"Pretty Little Liars\", which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 27, 2017.", "title": "Till Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19602479", "text": "Bedlam (Pretty Little Liars) \"Bedlam\" is the second episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which aired on June 28, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The episode was written by Joseph Dougherty and directed by Tawnia McKiernan. The episode focuses on the protagonists growing suspicious of Elliott as Ali's condition worsens. Spencer and Caleb's relationship is on the rocks. Liam helps Aria and Ezra on their book. Hanna and Jordan's engagement falls down, and Hanna signs a contract with Lucas to construct a fashion company. \"Bedlam\" yielded 1.24 million viewers and a", "title": "Bedlam (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19764109", "text": "its cloudy emotions behind a sunny melody.\" Paste premiered the album's second single \"Song for Anthony\" on February 2, 2017. PureVolume premiered the video for \"Come to Think\" on March 7, 2017. \"Come to Think\" was featured in episode 6 of CBS' Me, Myself & I on October 30, 2017, and also in Freeform's The Fosters. The hit TV show Pretty Little Liars premiered a new single \"Wish Something Would Happen\" on during Season 7 Episode 17 on June 6, 2017. PopMatters called Schefano's \"smooth melodic urgencies and poignant lyrics\" reminiscent of Nirvana and R.E.M.. In April 2018, Paste premiered", "title": "Louis Schefano" }, { "id": "19269392", "text": "face with Alex and Spencer as they cannot tell them apart, until Toby makes the distinction by asking what Spencer's favorite poem from a book she gave him. Mona tracked A.D.'s location has a cop arrest her. The Liars then say goodbye to one another as Aria leaves for her honeymoon with Ezra. Mona moves to Paris and the \"cop\" is revealed to be her boyfriend who has imprisoned Alex and Mary in her basement dollhouse. In the finale moment, a new set of liars are awaken to find their leader, Addison, has just gone missing. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The seventh season", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "14195696", "text": "to begin filming in London in 2016. On April 11, 2016, Season 5 was confirmed to be the show's last; it consists of seven episodes and premiered on August 20, 2017. The series finale, Season 5's \"Episode Seven\", aired on October 8, 2017. \"Episodes\" has received positive reviews by critics, with specific praise being given to the performances of stars Stephen Mangan, Tamsin Greig, and Matt LeBlanc. For his performance in the series Matt LeBlanc won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy and has been nominated for four Primetime Emmy Awards. After married", "title": "Episodes (TV series)" }, { "id": "14201327", "text": "as Hanna Marin, Shay Mitchell as Emily Fields, Sasha Pieterse as Alison DiLaurentis and Janel Parrish as Mona Vanderwaal. The series premiered on June 8, 2010 on Freeform, formerly known as ABC Family, and ended on June 27, 2017. After an initial order of 10 episodes, ABC Family ordered an additional 12 episodes on June 28, 2010. The ratings success of the first 10 episodes prompted the book series to be extended beyond the initial eight novels. Since its debut, the series has received mixed reviews from television critics, but remained a relative success for Freeform, garnering a large fandom,", "title": "Pretty Little Liars" }, { "id": "19613650", "text": "all the gross, sexy-bloody imagery we've had of girls so far this season (and, when you think about it, this entire series), it was mighty satisfying/disgusting to watch blood ooze out of Elliot's sad-guppy mouth,\" and continued, \"it was like we were in a time warp back in high school.\" The Talented Mr. Rollins \"The Talented Mr. Rollins\" is the third episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which premiered on July 5, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The episode was written by Jonell Lennon and directed by Zetna Fuentes. The episode", "title": "The Talented Mr. Rollins" }, { "id": "19269402", "text": "Det. Marco Furey. Tammin Sursok announced that she will return to the show as Jenna Marshall after last appearing in the fifth-season episode \"How the 'A' Stole Christmas\". On June 2, 2016, \"Variety\" reported that Brant Daugherty would be returning as Noel Kahn; Brant has not appeared on the show since the beginning of the fifth season. On June 10, 2016, \"The Hollywood Reporter\" reported that Lindsey Shaw would be returning as Paige McCullers after leaving in the fifth season mid-season premiere. The actress playing Sydney Driscoll, Chloe Bridges, posted an image on social media, confirming that she would return", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19269387", "text": "Noel after negotiating with him doesn't work and films an interrogation video. He manages to escape and lures the Liars to an abandoned blind school. They leave the dollhouse videos on a table and someone takes them but Noel and Jenna attempt to murder them. In the confrontation, Noel is accidentally killed, and Spencer is shot by A.D., while Jenna corners Spencer. Jenna prepares to kill Spencer, but is knocked out by Mary. She then reveals that Spencer is her second child. A.D. saves Jenna who asks if they shot Spencer. One week later, Spencer has recovered and A.D. sends", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19269396", "text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\" ever since the show was renewed for two additional seasons. In an interview with \"BuzzFeed\", Troian Bellisario said “This is the beginning of the end. But the best part about these last two years is that, because it’s the beginning of the end, we can actually start telling the story I think we’ve been waiting to tell for a long time.\" Regarding the show's ending, Lucy Hale said to \"E! News\" that \"Seven seasons will definitely end the show.\" Showrunner I. Marlene King commented on these rumors to \"TVLine\" as she said \"We have enough story to", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "5789133", "text": "to February 4, 2015 on MTV2. The 7th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from June 10, 2015 to January 6, 2016 on MTV2. There are also stand up specials after the episodes in this season are finished. The 8th season contains a total of 21 episodes which were broadcast from August 4, 2016 to April 20, 2017 on MTV, marking the first time in almost a decade that the show aired new episodes on its original network. The 9th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from June 29 to October 5,", "title": "Wild 'n Out" }, { "id": "19613646", "text": "The Talented Mr. Rollins \"The Talented Mr. Rollins\" is the third episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\", which premiered on July 5, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The episode was written by Jonell Lennon and directed by Zetna Fuentes. The episode focuses on the four protagonists trying to find a way to rescue Alison from the psychiatric hospital, and, during the process, they end up making a terrible, huge mistake. \"The Talented Mr. Rollins\" was watched by 1.12 million viewers, and garnered a 0.5 demo rating, down from the previous episode.", "title": "The Talented Mr. Rollins" }, { "id": "19269400", "text": "down the new 'A'. Troian Bellisario played Spencer Hastings, who has relationship problems with Caleb, while Ashley Benson played Hanna Marin, who was kidnapped at the end of last season. Lucy Hale continued her role as Aria Montgomery as she is set in a love triangle with Ezra and her boyfriend Liam. Shay Mitchell portrayed Emily Fields who begins to rekindle her relationship with Alison. Sasha Pieterse continued to portray Alison DiLaurentis as Alison struggles with being in a psych-ward. Janel Parrish returned as Mona Vanderwaal who seems to be finally on their side. Tyler Blackburn continues to play Caleb", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19269401", "text": "Rivers and Ian Harding also continued his role as Ezra Fitz. Andrea Parker was added as a series regular, playing Jessica DiLaurentis' twin sister Mary Drake. After the sixth-season finale, it was announced that Andrea Parker would return to the show as Mary Drake, Jessica DiLaurentis' identical twin sister and biological mother to Charlotte DiLaurentis. \"TVLine\" later confirmed that Parker was added as a series regular for the upcoming season. \"Deadline\" reported on May 10, 2016, that actor Nicholas Gonzalez was cast as Detective Vic Furey, a character who will oversee the Rosewood Police Department. The character was later renamed", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "14201335", "text": "characters' secrets. On May 23, 2011, Andrea Parker signed up to appear as Jessica DiLaurentis, Alison's mother. On June 29, 2011, it was announced that Natalie Hall would be replacing Natalie Floyd as Hanna's soon-to-be stepsister, Kate. On January 30, 2012, \"The Hollywood Reporter\" reported that Tyler Blackburn had been promoted to series regular for the third season. In March 2012, Janel Parrish was also promoted from recurring to series regular for the third season. On March 16, 2016, \"TVLine\" reported that Andrea Parker was added as a series regular for the seventh season. \"Pretty Little Liars\" was called one", "title": "Pretty Little Liars" }, { "id": "19269403", "text": "to the show after last appearing in the Christmas special episode. On July 28, 2016, \"The Hollywood Reporter\" reported that Shane Coffey would be returning as Holden Strauss; Shane has not appeared on the show since the beginning of the third season. It was announced on August 8, 2016, that Ava Allan will appear on the show, and will first appear in the second half of the season as Addison. On August 17, 2016, \"TVLine\" reported that Edward Kerr would be returning to the show as Pastor Ted Wilson in the second half of the season. Kerr had not been", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "18651107", "text": "she would've wanted. In the last scene, we see Hanna's unconscious body being dragged by 'Uber A' in the church's bell tower. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The show was renewed for a sixth and seventh season on June 10, 2014, right before the season five premiere aired, making \"Pretty Little Liars\" ABC Family's longest running original series. The sixth and the seventh season will consist of 20 episodes each. Filming for season 6 began on March 24, 2015. It aired 10 episodes for the first half the season, which began airing on June 2, 2015. The table read for the premiere occurred on", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 6)" }, { "id": "19269386", "text": "Alison who reveals that she was the red jacket blonde but only tried to comfort Charlotte. Jenna befriends Sara and Noel begins helping them. Emily confronts Jenna and Sara. Jenna reveals that she became Charlotte's friend after feeling sympathy for her in Welby and helped Archer fake his identity to be with Charlotte. Sara reveals that they are all looking for the same thing but is killed soon after. A.D. tricks Hanna into believing Archer is alive and records her digging up his grave. The Liars find videos in Noel's cabin of him torturing them in the dollhouse. Hanna kidnaps", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "157544", "text": "a dozen Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Drama Series. By the end of 2016, all seasons up to season 6 (which premiered on April 24, 2016) had been aired on HBO and all seasons had been released on DVD and/or Blu-ray for home viewing (see List of Game of Thrones episodes). The company confirmed on July 18, 2016 that season 7 would consist of seven episodes instead of the usual ten, and would premiere later than usual, in mid-2017, because of the later filming schedule. This was necessary in order to be shooting during the winter season in Europe. Season 7", "title": "George R. R. Martin" }, { "id": "19269397", "text": "take us to the end of Season 7, and we’re going to let the fans tell us if they’re ready to say goodbye to this world and these characters.\" She confirmed to being open for an eighth season and a movie and a new book. In an interview with \"Variety\" regarding the five-year time-jump, King said \"I think that this story when we're back will end next year at the end of Season 7\". She later took to Twitter where she confirmed that the current storyline that began in the second half of the sixth season would end after the", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "19269391", "text": "Charlotte's killer and killed Wren as he always saw her as Alex while she wanted to become Spencer to have her \"perfect life\". She explains that Sara was looking for Charlotte's false treasure in the Radley which was actually the secret file and Jenna recruited Noel to look for \"Charlotte's sister\". Jenna uses her enhanced sense of smell to figure out \"Spencer's not Spencer\" and alerts Toby who tells the others. Mona reveals to them that Wren was going to kill her but she convinced him she could get Mary out. The Liars, Toby, Mona, and Caleb come face to", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "17916498", "text": "and therefore trapped. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The show was renewed for a fifth season on March 26, 2013, while in its third season. I. Marlene King announced on Twitter that the fifth season would contain 25 episodes, including a Christmas special instead of a halloween episode, which the last three seasons have had. Right before the season five premiere aired, on June 10, 2014, the series was renewed for two additional seasons through season 6 and 7, making the show ABC Family's longest running original series. On October 13, 2014, it was announced that the special Christmas episode would air as part", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 5)" }, { "id": "18768935", "text": "shows of 2017. A soundtrack for the series was released on Google Play and iTunes on March 31, 2017. The first season was released on Blu-ray and DVD on August 1, 2017. Big Little Lies (TV series) Big Little Lies is an American drama television series, based on the novel of the same name by Liane Moriarty, that premiered on February 19, 2017, on HBO. Created and written by David E. Kelley, the series' seven-episode first season was directed by Jean-Marc Vallée. \"Big Little Lies\" stars Nicole Kidman, Reese Witherspoon and Shailene Woodley and tells the story of three emotionally", "title": "Big Little Lies (TV series)" }, { "id": "18080664", "text": "and the second most-watched episode of the season. The episode also acquired a 1.4 ratings share among adults ages 18 – 49, translating to 1.8 million viewers, up 25 percent from the previous year's special and ranks as the top rated broadcast within the 13 Nights of Halloween programming block and the third highest rated episode in the series. \"Grave New World\" also amassed 1.16 million tweets on Twitter, becoming the seventh episode of the series to garner over 1 million tweets. Nick Campbell of TV.com expressed a mixed opinion about the episode, writing \"We can't really say it was", "title": "Grave New World (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "15192627", "text": "Brant Daugherty Brant David Daugherty (born August 20, 1985) is an American actor, known for his recurring role as Noel Kahn on the teen drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\". In 2013, he had a recurring role as Brian in the long-running NBC daytime drama \"Days of Our Lives\". In 2013, he was a regular of the cast of Lifetime Network's \"Army Wives\" for season 7, which began airing in April 2013, in the role of Patrick Clarke. He had a credited role in Jason Friedberg and Aaron Seltzer's motion picture comedy film \"The Starving Games\" released in fall 2013.", "title": "Brant Daugherty" }, { "id": "19813490", "text": "than a roomful of Radley patients, and yet, here it was. You gotta love it.\" On the other side, the episode received a unfavorable review from Paul Dailly, from \"TVFanatic\", who labeled it as \"one of the weakest finales to date.\" He added, \"[the episode] was far from perfect. At this stage, a lot of the reveals felt cheap. We still have 10 episodes left, and we need answers before it's too late. Waiting until April is going to be a drag.\" The Darkest Knight (Pretty Little Liars) \"The Darkest Knight\" is tenth episode of the seventh season of the", "title": "The Darkest Knight (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "13238343", "text": "for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series, making \"Family Guy\" the first animated series to be nominated in this category since \"The Flintstones\" in 1961. The Volume Seven DVD box set was released in Region 1 on June 16, 2009, Region 2 on November 2, 2009 and Region 4 on September 29, 2009. Nine of the sixteen episodes are included in this volume. The remaining seven episodes of the season were released on the Volume Eight DVD box set in Region 1 on June 15, 2010, Region 2 on November 1, 2010 and Region 4 on June 15,", "title": "Family Guy (season 7)" }, { "id": "18938987", "text": "Game of Thrones (season 7) The seventh and penultimate season of the fantasy drama television series \"Game of Thrones\" premiered on HBO on July 16, 2017, and concluded on August 27, 2017. Unlike previous seasons that consisted of ten episodes each, the seventh season consisted of only seven. Like the previous season, it largely consisted of original content not found in George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series, while also incorporating material Martin revealed to showrunners about the upcoming novels in the series. The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "title": "Game of Thrones (season 7)" }, { "id": "14075422", "text": "Award for Best Performance by an Actress and was nominated for the Streamy Award for Best Female Performance - Drama. She has appeared in, produced, and co-written multiple short films and indie projects; in 2016, she made her directorial debut with the fifteenth episode of the seventh season of \"Pretty Little Liars\", \"In the Eye Abides the Heart\". Troian Avery Bellisario was born and raised in Los Angeles. Her parents are producers Donald P. Bellisario and Deborah Pratt. Donald P. Bellisario created \"Magnum, P.I.\", \"Quantum Leap\", and \"NCIS\", among other TV series. She has a younger brother, three half-sisters, two", "title": "Troian Bellisario" }, { "id": "16086351", "text": "Symphony of Illumination \"Symphony of Illumination\" is the 12th episode of the seventh season of the CBS sitcom \"How I Met Your Mother\", and the 148th episode overall. It aired on December 5, 2011. The episode is a continuation of the previous episode, \"The Rebound Girl\". It is the second most critically acclaimed episode of the 7th season (behind \"Tick Tick Tick\"), and has been well reviewed by critics, especially for its ending. Instead of Future Ted narrating to his kids as usual, this episode opens with Robin telling her two kids about the time she revealed to their father", "title": "Symphony of Illumination" }, { "id": "16086361", "text": "Symphony of Illumination \"Symphony of Illumination\" is the 12th episode of the seventh season of the CBS sitcom \"How I Met Your Mother\", and the 148th episode overall. It aired on December 5, 2011. The episode is a continuation of the previous episode, \"The Rebound Girl\". It is the second most critically acclaimed episode of the 7th season (behind \"Tick Tick Tick\"), and has been well reviewed by critics, especially for its ending. Instead of Future Ted narrating to his kids as usual, this episode opens with Robin telling her two kids about the time she revealed to their father", "title": "Symphony of Illumination" }, { "id": "12339259", "text": "The couple announced their engagement in May 2012 and they married in January 2013. Rebecca Breeds Rebecca Elizabeth Breeds (born 17 June 1987) is an Australian actress, known for her roles as Cassie Cometti in the third series of \"Blue Water High\", as series regular Ruby Buckton in the soap opera \"Home and Away,\" Aurora de Martel in \"The Originals\" and as recurring character Nicole in seasons 6 and 7 of \"Pretty Little Liars\". Breeds was born in Sydney. She attended St Andrew's Cathedral School, where she was made Drama Captain. For six months, she studied a double degree in", "title": "Rebecca Breeds" }, { "id": "19269388", "text": "Jenna to confess to the cops that Noel wanted money Charlotte left Jenna for another eye surgery, killed Sara and tried to kill Jenna in the blind school. Peter returns and reveals that Mary is the one who killed Jessica. Hanna and Spencer follow the trail of a private investigator he hired to find Mary and bump into Ted who reveals he has been hiding her as she is his college fling with whom he conceived Charles. Mary reveals to Spencer that Peter and Jessica were planning to kill her, thus she used his pills to kill Jessica. A.D. then", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "12339255", "text": "Rebecca Breeds Rebecca Elizabeth Breeds (born 17 June 1987) is an Australian actress, known for her roles as Cassie Cometti in the third series of \"Blue Water High\", as series regular Ruby Buckton in the soap opera \"Home and Away,\" Aurora de Martel in \"The Originals\" and as recurring character Nicole in seasons 6 and 7 of \"Pretty Little Liars\". Breeds was born in Sydney. She attended St Andrew's Cathedral School, where she was made Drama Captain. For six months, she studied a double degree in music and performing arts at University of New South Wales, before deferring her studies", "title": "Rebecca Breeds" }, { "id": "20154411", "text": "\"no longer in charge.\" Former main cast member Jennifer Morrison has confirmed that she has agreed to return for one episode, later revealed to be the second episode of the season. Morrison announced her last filming day on July 19, 2017. On July 22, it was confirmed that Emilie de Ravin would return for the fourth episode in the seventh season. In March 2017, Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were cast for unknown guest roles in the season six finale. During the episode, it was revealed that West was portraying an adult Henry Mills, while Fernandez portrayed his daughter,", "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 7)" }, { "id": "12392703", "text": "and Ashley Newbrough. The series is based on the book \"How to Teach Filthy Rich Girls\" by Zoey Dean and was cancelled by the network due to low ratings. In 2009, Hale appeared in two films, the comedy-drama \"Sorority Wars\" and the mystery-thriller \"Fear Island\". In October 2009, Hale was cast as Aria Montgomery in \"Pretty Little Liars\", based on the book series of the same name by Sara Shepard. The television series lasted seven seasons from 2010 to 2017, with Hale's performance was being praised by critics. She also received a number of awards and nominations. In January 2010,", "title": "Lucy Hale" }, { "id": "19696052", "text": "of \"Vulture\" wrote a mixed review for the episode, saying: \"It's possible that I've said this before, but I think we have really, truly crossed over to a realm where \"Pretty Little Liars\" has no plot at all. Not like 'the plot doesn't make any sense,' a conundrum faced many a time in Rosewood. We are operating in a universe with a total absence of plot.\" \"Exes and OMGs\" currently holds an 8.1/10 rating on IMDb and an 8.5/10 on TV.com. Exes and OMGs \"Exes and OMGs\" is the eighth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television", "title": "Exes and OMGs" }, { "id": "18980464", "text": "fantasy film \"Jem and the Holograms\", which was directed by Jon M. Chu. Rice portrayed Lily in the female-centric thriller film \"Unforgettable\" (2017), along with Katherine Heigl, Rosario Dawson, and Geoff Stults for Warner Bros. Isabella Rice Isabella Kai Rice is an American child actress, best known for her role of young Alison DiLaurentis in the series \"Pretty Little Liars\" and Sarah Compton in \"True Blood\". In 2014, Rice played the role of Sarah Compton, Bill Compton's daughter in the season 7 of the HBO's fantasy horror series \"True Blood\". Later, she appeared in the season 5 and 6 of", "title": "Isabella Rice" }, { "id": "12521232", "text": "worked at Time, Inc. Custom Publishing and produced lifestyle magazines for corporate clients. She started ghostwriting as a freelancer in 2002 and writing her own books in 2005. Shepard currently resides in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Shepard's book series \"Pretty Little Liars\" and \"The Lying Game\" have both been turned into television series by ABC Family (now under the name of Freeform). The \"Pretty Little Liars\" series of novels is \"loosely based on her experiences growing up in Chester County. The adaptation television series \"Pretty Little Liars\" lasted for 7 seasons. It also had a short-lived spin-off starring cast member Tyler Blackburn", "title": "Sara Shepard" }, { "id": "19689373", "text": "was another solid episode of this Freeform drama. It's time to start giving us all of the answers now.\" For \"SpoilerTV\", Gavin Hetherington wrote for the episode a mixed to positive review, stating, \"The seventh episode in Pretty Little Liars' seventh season proved to be a worthy hour for the show, with minor plot progression for some of the characters, much needed reunions and flashbacks galore. A couple of shady moments thrown in and we have a typical episode of our favourite Freeform show.\" Jessica Goldstein of Vulture gave the episode three out of 5 stars. The episode currently holds", "title": "Original G'A'ngsters" }, { "id": "19648429", "text": "commenced on May 11, 2016, and it was filmed between May 17 and May 25, 2016. Cast members Keegan Allen, Lulu Brud, Nicholas Gonzalez and Tammin Sursok appeared in the episode reprising their roles as Toby Cavanaugh, Sabrina, Marco Furey, and Jenna Marshall, respectively. On June 2, 2016, Variety reported that Brant Daugherty would be returning for the series as Noel Kahn, since he has not appeared on the show since the beginning of the fifth season. Brant first appeared on the seventh season on this episode. Actress Dre Davis returned to the show for the seventh season, portraying Sara", "title": "Along Comes Mary (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "19269385", "text": "escape. Elliot's true motive is later revealed to Alison; she managed to use his phone to alert the girls to her location when he takes her out in his car one night. She jumps out of the car and he gives chase but Hanna accidentally runs him over and they bury him in the woods. The Liars find out Jenna is calling Elliot as \"Archer\" on his burner phone. Mona then traces most of the sent messages from a secret apartment where they find out his real name is \"Archer Dunhill\". Toby discovers this and gets the cops to release", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "17916504", "text": "in the 24th episode, following her appearance in the first season episode \"The Homecoming Hangover\" as the Rosewood High School substitute teacher. In Australia, the season premiered on Fox8 on June 13, 2014. The second part premiered on January 9, 2015. In the United Kingdom, the first part was released on Netflix on January 1, 2015, with new episodes streaming from the day after it airs in the US. The season premiere was down from the previous premiere, and down from the season four finale \"A is for Answers\", with a 1.1 at the target 18–49 demographic and 2.72 total", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 5)" }, { "id": "6774462", "text": "Torrey DeVitto Torrey Joël DeVitto (born June 8, 1984) is an American actress, musician and former fashion model. She is best known for her recurring roles as Melissa Hastings in the ABC Family/Freeform mystery/thriller series \"Pretty Little Liars\" from 2010 to 2017, Dr. Meredith Fell in The CW fantasy drama \"The Vampire Diaries\" from 2012 to 2013 and as Carrie in The CW drama \"One Tree Hill\" from 2008 to 2009. In 2013, she starred as Maggie Hall in the seventh and final season of the Lifetime drama \"Army Wives\". In 2015, she began starring as Dr. Natalie Manning in", "title": "Torrey DeVitto" }, { "id": "11944618", "text": "story editor and contributed to two episodes but left the crew with the close of the season. New writer Elizabeth Hunter contributed a single episode. Producers Kaplan, Thorpe, and Misiano served as the seasons regular directors. Kaplan helmed 6 episodes while Thorpe and Misiano directed 3 each. Chulack directed a further episode. Returning directors were executive producer John Wells, cast members Anthony Edwards and Laura Innes, series veterans Lesli Linka Glatter, Félix Enríquez Alcalá, David Nutter, Marita Grabiak, and Tom Moore. Guy Norman Bee was the season's only new director. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> ER (season 7) The seventh season of the American", "title": "ER (season 7)" }, { "id": "13238342", "text": "Smith, David Goodman and Chris Sheridan. Goodman and Sheridan served as showrunners for season seven. The season included hold-over episodes from the sixth season, which was cut short due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. It received a mixed reception from critics, the more-negative reviews criticizing the overuse of cutaways and the more positive praising its story-based episodes. The seventh season contains some of the series' most acclaimed episodes (including \"Road to Germany\" and \"Family Gay\") and controversial episodes like \"420\", which caused the Venezuelan government to ban the show from its networks. The seventh season was nominated", "title": "Family Guy (season 7)" }, { "id": "13238357", "text": "nine episodes of the seventh season were released on DVD by 20th Century Fox in the United States and Canada on June 16, 2009, one month after the last episode was broadcast. The \"Volume 7\" DVD release features bonus material, including deleted scenes, animatics and commentary for each episode. The remaining seven episodes were released on \"Volume 8\" in the United States. Family Guy (season 7) \"Family Guy\" seventh season first aired on the Fox network in sixteen episodes from September 28, 2008 to May 17, 2009 before being released as two DVD box sets and syndicated. The animated television", "title": "Family Guy (season 7)" }, { "id": "19269389", "text": "uses Emily's stolen eggs to impregnate Alison, as a way to further torture the liars. Meanwhile, A.D. hires Sydney Driscoll as their helper and she fakes being A.D. to recruit Aria into joining the A.D. team. Aria is forced into playing and becomes A.D.'s new helper, destroying Emison's baby nursery and leaving an \"A\" message in Spencer's house, until the Liars catch her in the act and she defects. Mona, who is becoming addicted to the A-game again, reveals that she tried to scare Charlotte into not resuming the A-game but Charlotte attacked her and she killed her in self-defense.", "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 7)" }, { "id": "20348584", "text": "Pretty in Blue \"Pretty in Blue\" is the eighth episode of the seventh season and the 141st episode overall of the American fantasy-drama series \"Once Upon a Time\". Written by Dana Horgan & Leah Fong and directed by Ralph Hemecker, it premiered on ABC in the United States on November 17, 2017. In the episode, which serves as part two of a two-hour episode Cinderella learns about what happened to her mother after she and Henry chased Alice in New Wonderland in the past, while in the present day Henry finds himself dealing with a lawyer who is helping Jacinda", "title": "Pretty in Blue" }, { "id": "20105965", "text": "Scandal (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American television drama series \"Scandal\" was ordered on February 10, 2017 by ABC. It was later announced that the seventh season would be the final season for \"Scandal\". The season began airing on October 5, 2017, and consisted of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda", "title": "Scandal (season 7)" }, { "id": "18980463", "text": "Isabella Rice Isabella Kai Rice is an American child actress, best known for her role of young Alison DiLaurentis in the series \"Pretty Little Liars\" and Sarah Compton in \"True Blood\". In 2014, Rice played the role of Sarah Compton, Bill Compton's daughter in the season 7 of the HBO's fantasy horror series \"True Blood\". Later, she appeared in the season 5 and 6 of the ABC Family's teen drama series \"Pretty Little Liars\". She played the role of young Alison DiLaurentis, originally played by Sasha Pieterse. Rice has played the role of young Jerrica Benton in the 2015 musical", "title": "Isabella Rice" }, { "id": "16353428", "text": "premiere. On March 25, 2016, CBS renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on October 2, 2016. On May 13, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a sixth season. On November 29, 2017, CBS ordered an additional eight episodes bringing the sixth season total up to 21. It premiered on April 30, 2018. On May 12, 2018, CBS renewed the series for a seventh season. On December 17, 2018, it was announced that the series would conclude after the upcoming seventh season. Following his fall from grace in London and a stint in rehab, a modern Sherlock Holmes", "title": "Elementary (TV series)" }, { "id": "15192630", "text": "a trip to Amsterdam. Brant Daugherty Brant David Daugherty (born August 20, 1985) is an American actor, known for his recurring role as Noel Kahn on the teen drama television series \"Pretty Little Liars\". In 2013, he had a recurring role as Brian in the long-running NBC daytime drama \"Days of Our Lives\". In 2013, he was a regular of the cast of Lifetime Network's \"Army Wives\" for season 7, which began airing in April 2013, in the role of Patrick Clarke. He had a credited role in Jason Friedberg and Aaron Seltzer's motion picture comedy film \"The Starving Games\"", "title": "Brant Daugherty" }, { "id": "19701326", "text": "ends with Hanna hitting Noel in the head with a stick, after having tried to trick him. The episode was directed by Chad Lowe, serving as Lowe's first directing credits on the season and the fourteenth credit on the series. Jonell Lennon served as the writer of the episode, making her first appearance as a writer on the seventh season. The title of the episode was revealed by Lennon on June 15, 2016. The table-read for the episode occurred in June 2, 2016 and filming commenced on June 15 and wrapped on June 23, 2016. The episode first aired in", "title": "The Wrath of Kahn (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "12402404", "text": "on the Official Facebook page that the episode \"Meter Reading Chic\" would be the final episode of the show. On 4 January, 2016 however, it was announced that following a hiatus of three years the show would be returning for a sixth series, that was recorded in February and broadcast in April of that year. A seventh series was announced in June 2017 consisting of 4 episodes, to be broadcast in August and September 2017, and it was recommissioned again for an eighth series which was broadcast in August and September 2018. Recurring guest cast: Ramesh Majhu Ramesh is a", "title": "Fags, Mags and Bags" }, { "id": "19813488", "text": "in Adults 18-49, finishing with a 1.1 rating among adults aged 18–49, and aired to a total viewership of 2.10 million, placing in the seventeenth spot in viewership. This episode is rated TV-14. Louisa Mellor of \"Den of Geek\" commented, \"I'm really looking forward to seeing what PLL looks like when it isn't holding anything back. I hope it's ridiculous, and beautiful, and subversive. Just like it's always been.\" Also on Season 7, she further added: \"I complained that the show had lost its flavour, the things that made it different, and become a parody of itself. While I'm not", "title": "The Darkest Knight (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "id": "18341174", "text": "on April 8, 2014, while its trailer was released on October 1, 2014. The season premiered on November 9, 2014. The season premiered with \"Bye Bye and Bon Voyage\" on November 9, 2014, while the twenty-second episode \"Atlanta Twirls On\" served as the season finale, and was aired on April 19, 2015.It was followed by a three-part reunion that aired on April 26, May 3, and May 10, 2015, which marked the conclusion of the season. Lauren Eskelin, Lorraine Haughton, Glenda Hersh, Carlos King, and Steven Weinstock are recognized as the series' executive producers; it is produced and distributed by", "title": "The Real Housewives of Atlanta (season 7)" } ]	how many episodes in got season 7 pretty little liars
[ "Jack Hobbs" ]	[ { "id": "4825486", "text": "partnership when they made 128 for the first wicket against Surrey at Broadhalfpenny Down in September 1769. W. G. Grace was the first batsman to score 100 career centuries in first-class cricket, reaching the milestone in 1895. His career total of 124 centuries was subsequently passed by Jack Hobbs, whose total of 199 first-class centuries is the current record. The first century in Test cricket was scored by Charles Bannerman who scored 165 (before retiring hurt) in the first ever Test between Australia and England (played at the Melbourne Cricket Ground from 15–19 March 1877). The first century partnership in", "title": "Century (cricket)" }, { "id": "466947", "text": "Grace's obituary in the 1916 edition of \"Wisden Cricketers' Almanack\". These figures came to be known as Grace's \"traditional\" career record and granted him 126 first-class centuries, a total beaten by Jack Hobbs in 1925; it was not until Roy Webber's researches in the 1950s that Ashley-Cooper's list was challenged. Following further research by the Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians (ACS) in the 1970s and 1980s, an \"amended\" career record was published which reduced Grace's total of centuries to 124. This was challenged, for historical reasons, by \"Wisden\" in 1983 and the current situation re this controversy is that", "title": "W. G. Grace" }, { "id": "3161974", "text": "three players to have passed 20,000 runs in List A cricket (Graham Gooch and Sachin Tendulkar are the others) and is one of only twenty-five players to have scored 100 centuries in first-class cricket. He is the only cricketer who scored first-class triple hundreds in three different decades (1988, 1997 and 2002). He is the second highest run scorer of all time after Graham Gooch. Despite these achievements, he is commonly held to have underachieved in international cricket, a view based on comparison of Hick's overall first-class batting average of 52.23 \"vis-à-vis\" his Test average of 31.32. At one time", "title": "Graeme Hick" }, { "id": "2873499", "text": "Dame Sukhi Turner, whom he met while touring India in 1969, is a former mayor of Dunedin. Turner made his mark on the first-class cricket scene, particularly with Worcestershire in the English county championship. In all, he played 455 first-class matches, amassing 34,346 runs at 49.70, including 103 centuries—making him one of a select few to score a \"century of centuries\", one of only four non-English cricketers to do so (the others being Donald Bradman, Zaheer Abbas and Viv Richards). Turner also coached the New Zealand side twice—once in the mid-1980s, when he presided over the team's first and (to", "title": "Glenn Turner" }, { "id": "4825484", "text": "India in 2013. Centuries were uncommon until the late 19th century because of the difficulties in batting on pitches that had only rudimentary preparation and were fully exposed to the elements. There is doubt about the earliest known century, but the most definite claim belongs to John Minshull who scored 107 for the Duke of Dorset's XI v Wrotham at Sevenoaks Vine on 31 August 1769. This was a minor match. The first definite century in a top-class match was scored by John Small when he made 136 for Hampshire v Surrey at Broadhalfpenny Down in July 1775. The earliest", "title": "Century (cricket)" }, { "id": "16034531", "text": "His innings of 344 was the first triple century scored in first-class cricket and broke the record for the highest individual score in all classes of cricket, previously held by William Ward who made 278 in 1820. Ward’s record had stood for 56 years and, within a week, Grace bettered it twice. Gloucestershire were designated “Champion County” for the second time. Grace made 26 first-class appearances in 1876, scoring 2,622 runs, with a highest score of 344, at an average of 62.42 with 7 centuries and 10 half-centuries. In the field, he held 46 catches and 130 wickets with a", "title": "W. G. Grace's cricket career (1876 to 1877)" }, { "id": "2916354", "text": "I Zingari in 1895, and 5–81 and 5–66 for Sussex against Nottinghamshire in 1896 (a match in which he also scored 89 and 65). The late 1890s saw a re-emergence of the throwing controversy in cricket. Several professional bowlers including Arthur Mold and Ernie Jones were no-balled and forced to retire. Fry's bowling action was criticised by opponents and teammates, and it was only a matter of time before he too was no-balled by umpire Jim Phillips. Fry scored 94 first-class centuries, including an unprecedented six consecutive centuries in 1901. No-one else has scored more consecutive hundreds. On 12 September", "title": "C. B. Fry" }, { "id": "2843636", "text": "Denis Compton Denis Charles Scott Compton CBE (23 May 1918 – 23 April 1997) was an English cricketer who played in 78 Test matches and spent his whole cricket career with Middlesex. He was also an accomplished footballer who played most of his football career at Arsenal. A right-handed batsman and slow left-arm chinaman bowler, Compton is regularly credited as one of England's most remarkable batsmen. He is one of only twenty-five players to have scored over one hundred centuries in first-class cricket. In 2009, Compton was posthumously inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame. The Denis Compton Oval", "title": "Denis Compton" }, { "id": "2843642", "text": "name, and one of the greatest cricketers of his era. Helped by a rare summer of sunshine, Compton thrilled the war-weary English public with his cavalier batting. Against the touring South Africans, Compton scored five centuries, one for Middlesex and four for England, accumulating 1,056 runs at an average of 88. His aggregate in all matches that season was 3816 runs, which remains the most ever made in a season in first-class matches. In that season, he scored 18 centuries, with the last one scored on 15 September 1947. Eighteen hundreds in a single season is another world record to", "title": "Denis Compton" }, { "id": "4372792", "text": "Tom Graveney Thomas William Graveney OBE (16 June 1927 – 3 November 2015) was an English first-class cricketer, representing his country in 79 Test matches and scoring over 4,800 runs. In a career lasting from 1948 to 1972, he became the 15th player to score one hundred first-class centuries; he was the first batsman beginning his career after the Second World War to reach this milestone. He played for Gloucestershire and Worcestershire, and helped Worcestershire win the county championship for the first time in their history. His achievements for England after being recalled in 1966 have been described as \"the", "title": "Tom Graveney" }, { "id": "6500353", "text": "Ajay Sharma Ajay Kumar Sharma (born 3 April 1964, in Delhi) is a former Indian cricketer. Sharma was a prolific run-maker in first-class cricket, mainly for Delhi, scoring over 10,000 runs at the high average of 67.46. Given a minimum qualification of 50 innings, only three players (Sir Donald Bradman, Vijay Merchant and George Headley) have bettered this average in first-class cricket. In the Ranji Trophy, Sharma scored a record 31 centuries and his batting average of approximately 80 in this competition is second only to Vijay Merchant. In the 1996-97 season, he became only the third player to score", "title": "Ajay Sharma" }, { "id": "6500350", "text": "Ajay Sharma Ajay Kumar Sharma (born 3 April 1964, in Delhi) is a former Indian cricketer. Sharma was a prolific run-maker in first-class cricket, mainly for Delhi, scoring over 10,000 runs at the high average of 67.46. Given a minimum qualification of 50 innings, only three players (Sir Donald Bradman, Vijay Merchant and George Headley) have bettered this average in first-class cricket. In the Ranji Trophy, Sharma scored a record 31 centuries and his batting average of approximately 80 in this competition is second only to Vijay Merchant. In the 1996-97 season, he became only the third player to score", "title": "Ajay Sharma" }, { "id": "15988725", "text": "of season-by-season figures to supplement Grace's obituary in the 1916 edition of \"Wisden Cricketers' Almanack\". These figures came to be known as Grace's \"traditional\" career record and granted him 126 first-class centuries, a total beaten by Jack Hobbs in 1925; it was not until Roy Webber's researches in the 1950s that Ashley-Cooper's list was challenged. Grace had less success when he played for XXII of Bath against the All-England Eleven at Sydenham Field, Lansdown as Cris Tinley dismissed him twice for a duck, one of only four recorded \"pairs\" in his entire career (all of them were in minor matches).", "title": "W. G. Grace's cricket career (1864 to 1870)" }, { "id": "11291294", "text": "Achievements of Sachin Tendulkar This page presents some of the notable achievements of Sachin Tendulkar, a former Indian cricketer, universally regarded as one of the best batsmen of all time. Debates on Tendulkar's precise rank amongst his predecessors are unlikely to conclude soon. He was the sport's first batsman to score a double century (200 runs not out) in a single One Day International match, and is so far the only player to have scored 100 centuries in internationals. He played first-class cricket for 26 years and one day, whilst his international career spanned exactly 24 years from 15 November", "title": "Achievements of Sachin Tendulkar" }, { "id": "9985017", "text": "in the first Test of the 1928–29 series against England. He would hold the records for the highest individual Test innings and the most centuries in Test cricket and when he retired in 1948 he had the highest Test batting average, the last a record he still holds. He scored 117 first class centuries, still the only Australian to score a century of centuries and was knighted for services to cricket. The Bodyline controversy began when Bradman toured England with the Australian team in 1930. Bradman scored heavily, 974 runs at an average of 139.14 including a then world record", "title": "Cricket in Australia" }, { "id": "5512830", "text": "Tom Hayward Thomas Walter Hayward (29 March 1871 – 19 July 1939) was an English first-class cricketer who played for Surrey and England between the 1890s and the outbreak of World War I. He was primarily an opening batsman, noted especially for the quality of his off-drive. Neville Cardus wrote that he \"was amongst the most precisely technical and most prolific batsmen of any time in the annals of cricket.\" He was only the second batsman to reach the landmark of 100 first-class centuries, following WG Grace. In the 1906 English season he scored 3,518 runs, a record aggregate since", "title": "Tom Hayward" }, { "id": "4943771", "text": "first-class but escaped general notice at the time and were largely ignored until some statisticians took an interest in them in the 1970s. It is known that neither Hobbs nor Sutcliffe thought they were first-class matches; they regarded them as exhibition games arranged for Vizzy's personal entertainment. Nevertheless, Sutcliffe scored 532 runs and 2 centuries in the disputed matches and this has impacted his first-class statistical record with two versions in circulation. In all first-class cricket in the 1931 season, Sutcliffe scored four centuries in consecutive innings and averaged 96.96, topping the first-class averages for the first time. He totalled", "title": "Herbert Sutcliffe" }, { "id": "5577897", "text": "Lara, Ponsford is the only man to twice score 400 runs in a first-class innings and along with Bradman and Wally Hammond, he remains one of only three men to have scored four triple-centuries. His 437 against Queensland is, as at 2009, still the fifth highest score in first-class cricket. Ponsford was known for batting in partnerships, sharing in five that amassed over 375 runs each. Ponsford and his long-time partner, Woodfull, were known as \"the two Bills\", \"Willy Wo and Willy Po\" and \"Mutt and Jeff\" amongst other names. Together, the pair made 23 century partnerships; 12 of these", "title": "Bill Ponsford" }, { "id": "466886", "text": "against counties with exceptionally strong bowling attacks. Thus, in three consecutive innings Grace scored 839 runs and was only out twice. His innings of 344 was the first triple century scored in first-class cricket and broke the record for the highest individual score in all classes of cricket, previously held by William Ward who scored 278 in 1820. Ward's record had stood for 56 years and, within a week, Grace bettered it twice. In 1877, Gloucestershire won the unofficial championship for the third and (to date) final time, largely thanks to another outstanding season by Grace who scored 1,474 runs", "title": "W. G. Grace" }, { "id": "6790054", "text": "Auction. As of the end of September 2018, Denly has scored 27 first-class centuries, including two double-centuries and a score of 199. His highest individual score of 227 runs was made in June 2017 against Worcestershire at New Road. Denly's first double-century was scored the previous season against Northants, surpassing his previous highest score of 199 made against Derbyshire in 2011. His maiden first-class century, a score of 115 not out, was made in his first full season as a professional in 2007 against Hampshire, an innings in which Denly carried his bat. In July 2017 Denly, batting with Sean", "title": "Joe Denly" }, { "id": "4372812", "text": "in the week after his brother Ken's death. He and Jackie had two children, Tim and Rebecca. His nephew, David (the son of his brother Ken), played for Gloucestershire and was later chairman of the England selectors. Tom Graveney Thomas William Graveney OBE (16 June 1927 – 3 November 2015) was an English first-class cricketer, representing his country in 79 Test matches and scoring over 4,800 runs. In a career lasting from 1948 to 1972, he became the 15th player to score one hundred first-class centuries; he was the first batsman beginning his career after the Second World War to", "title": "Tom Graveney" }, { "id": "2466483", "text": "(ODI) appearances. He accumulated large scores – he is the equal fifth-highest accumulator of first-class centuries in history, eighth in career runs and the first English player to average over 100 in a season (1971 and 1979) – but often encountered friction with his teammates.<ref name=\"Records/First-class matches/Batting records/Most hundreds in a career\"></ref> Never the most popular of players amongst his peers, journalist Ian Wooldridge commented that \"Boycott, in short, walks alone\", while cricket writer John Arlott wrote that Boycott had a \"lonely\" career. Others, however, have stated that the extent of his introverted and anti-social nature has been exaggerated, and", "title": "Geoffrey Boycott" }, { "id": "13808563", "text": "throughout the Australian series. Bairstow eventually became the outright wicket-keeper for Tests in December 2015 for the series against South Africa, and Buttler was dropped from the Test side during 2016, whilst continuing to be the first-choice ODI and T20 wicket-keeper. As of December 2018 Buttler has scored five first-class and eight list A centuries, five of which have been scored for England in One Day Internationals. He made his maiden first-class century as a teenager in 2010, scoring 144 for Somerset against Hampshire. As of December 2018 this remains his highest first-class score. He has also made first-class centuries", "title": "Jos Buttler" }, { "id": "3161985", "text": "a total of 1,019 runs before the end of May. In all that season he scored a career-best aggregate of 2,713 runs including ten first-class hundreds, matching the Worcestershire record set by Glenn Turner in 1970. One of these, a 79-ball knock against Surrey in August, won the Walter Lawrence Trophy for the fastest century of the season. To cap it all, he was also named Player of the Year by the Professional Cricketers' Association. In both 1987–88 and 1988–89 Hick spent his winters playing in New Zealand for Northern Districts. He was a great success, hitting ten centuries in", "title": "Graeme Hick" }, { "id": "5311826", "text": "Percy Fender Percy George Herbert Fender (22 August 1892 – 15 June 1985) was an English cricketer who played 13 Tests and was captain of Surrey between 1921 and 1931. An all-rounder, he was a middle-order batsman who bowled mainly leg spin, and completed the cricketer's double seven times. Noted as a belligerent batsman, in 1920 he hit the fastest recorded first-class century, reaching three figures in 35 minutes which remains a record in 2016. On the basis of his Surrey captaincy, contemporaries judged him the best captain in England. As early as 1914 Fender was named one of \"Wisden's\"", "title": "Percy Fender" }, { "id": "2903114", "text": "of the conditions in which he played cricket in Antigua as a child, explains how this technique came to be. Richards remains one of only four non-English cricketers to have scored 100 first-class centuries, the others being Australian Donald Bradman, New Zealander Glenn Turner and Pakistani Zaheer Abbas. He was chosen as a \"Wisden Cricketer of the Year\" for 1977. In 2000, Richards was named by a 100-member panel of experts one of the five \"Wisden Cricketers of the Century\". He received 25 votes, behind Sir Donald Bradman (100 votes), Sir Garfield Sobers (90 votes), Sir Jack Hobbs (30 votes)", "title": "Viv Richards" }, { "id": "15971386", "text": "respectively and had just two innings, scoring 117 and 109 not out. Jack Hobbs had retired from Test cricket and Sutcliffe had two opening partners, Fred Bakewell and Eddie Paynter, the latter not normally an opening batsman. In all first-class cricket in the 1931 season, Sutcliffe scored four centuries in consecutive innings and averaged 96.96, topping the first-class averages for the first time. He totalled 3,006 runs with a highest score of 230 among 13 centuries. Yorkshire historian J. M. Kilburn commented on Sutcliffe's general consistency as \"almost past believing\" while Sutcliffe himself reckoned that his accomplishments in 1931, which", "title": "Herbert Sutcliffe's cricket career (1928–32)" }, { "id": "5370225", "text": "first-class career. He represented England in 64 Test matches from 1909 to 1934. Woolley is generally regarded as one of cricket's greatest-ever all-rounders. His first-class career runs total is the second highest of all time, after Jack Hobbs, and he scored the seventh highest number of career centuries. His career total of wickets taken is the 27th highest. He was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in the 1911 edition. Born and bred in Tonbridge, Woolley became interested in cricket at a very early age. His childhood home was his father's cycle and engineering shop at 72, High Street, which", "title": "Frank Woolley" }, { "id": "2952729", "text": "to score seven runs before being dismissed embarrassed many of those present. In all first-class cricket, Hammond scored 50,551 runs at an average of 56.10 with 167 centuries. He remains seventh on the list of highest run scorers in first-class cricket and has the third highest number of centuries, as of 2015. \"Wisden's\" obituary described Hammond as one of the top four batsmen who had ever played, calling him \"a most exciting cricketer. ... The instant he walked out of a pavilion, white-spotted blue handkerchief showing from his right pocket, bat tucked underarm, cap at a hint of an angle,", "title": "Wally Hammond" }, { "id": "12673297", "text": "and appeared twice for the Players against the Gentlemen. Croom scored a total of 17,692 first-class runs at an average of 31.42, passing 1,000 runs in a season for twelve consecutive years between 1928 and 1939. His most productive season came in 1931 when he scored 1,584 runs at 38.63, including six centuries. Described by \"Wisden\" as sound and stylish, Croom scored 24 first-class centuries, the highest of which was an innings of 211 against Worcestershire at Edgbaston in 1934, sharing in a first-wicket stand of 272 with Norman Kilner. Croom's off-spin bowling took 138 wickets at an average of", "title": "Alfred Croom" }, { "id": "2050400", "text": "Jack Hobbs Sir John Berry Hobbs (16 December 1882 – 21 December 1963), always known as Jack Hobbs, was an English professional cricketer who played for Surrey from 1905 to 1934 and for England in 61 Test matches between 1908 and 1930. Known as \"The Master\", he is regarded by critics as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket. He is the leading run-scorer and century-maker in first-class cricket, with 61,760 runs and 199 centuries. A right-handed batsman and an occasional right-arm medium pace bowler, Hobbs also excelled as a fielder, particularly in the position of cover", "title": "Jack Hobbs" }, { "id": "10015778", "text": "Chris Scott (cricketer, born 1964) Christopher Wilmott Scott (born in Lincolnshire on 23 January 1964) is a first-class cricketer who played for 129 first-class matches for Nottinghamshire and Durham between 1981 and 1996. He was a wicket keeper/batsman who famously dropped Brian Lara on 18 while playing against Warwickshire at Edgbaston in 1994 off the bowling of Simon Brown. Lara, who had earlier been bowled by an Anderson Cummins no-ball, went on to score 501 not out, the highest individual score in first-class cricket history. Scott's fumble cost 483 runs. He scored two centuries of his own during his career,", "title": "Chris Scott (cricketer, born 1964)" }, { "id": "4372808", "text": "a position as player-coach for Queensland, returning after an unsuccessful period in Australia in 1972. In all, he played 79 Test matches for England between 1951 and 1969, scoring 4,882 runs at an average of 44.38 with a high score of 258 and 11 centuries. He scored 47,793 first-class runs (a figure bettered by only eight players), making 122 centuries. He is the only player to have scored more than 10,000 runs for two counties. He was described by \"The Daily Telegraph\" as \"the greatest, as well as the most elegant and graceful, professional batsman to emerge in Britain in", "title": "Tom Graveney" }, { "id": "5020639", "text": "umpires. In 2012, Ramprakash was picked to captain MCC in their match against Lancashire opening the 2012 English cricket season. By the time of his retirement as a cricketer from all forms of the game on 4 July 2012 he had scored 114 hundreds, 16th in the all-time list of first-class century-makers, just three behind Sir Donald Bradman's 117. In an article in the \"Daily Telegraph\" marking his retirement, entitled \"Mark Ramprakash: A champion of elegance in helmet and pads\", Jim White wrote \"...with him will pass into history one of the most beautiful and stylish sights ever seen on", "title": "Mark Ramprakash" }, { "id": "19240748", "text": "Dhruv Pandove Dhruv Mahender Pandove (9 January 1974 – 31 January 1992) was an Indian first-class cricketer who played for Punjab. He made his first-class debut at the age of 13 and was considered to be an \"exceptionally gifted batsman\" and a \"prodigy\". He became the youngest Indian and one of the youngest players in the world to score a century in first-class cricket, with his 137 against Jammu and Kashmir in 1988 coming at the age of 14 years and 294 days. He was the youngest player to reach the 1000-run mark in Ranji Trophy, reaching the milestone at", "title": "Dhruv Pandove" }, { "id": "20041767", "text": "Abbas Shah Abbas Shah (date and place of birth unknown) is an Indian former first-class cricketer, active 1945–46, who played for Mysore. Details of his batting and bowling styles have not yet been discovered. Shah played for Mysore in a Ranji Trophy semi-final against Holkar at the Yeshwant Club Ground in Indore on 2–5 March. Holkar opened by scoring 912 for eight declared, currently (2017) the seventh-highest total in first-class cricket history (see List of first-class cricket records#Highest totals) and six of their batsmen scored centuries. Mysore responded with 190 and 509, losing the match by an innings and 213", "title": "Abbas Shah" }, { "id": "3437499", "text": "Les Ames Leslie \"Les\" Ethelbert George Ames, CBE (3 December 1905 – 27 February 1990) was a wicket-keeper and batsman for the England cricket team and Kent County Cricket Club. In his obituary, the Wisden of 1991 described him as the greatest wicket-keeper-batsman of all time. He is the only wicket keeper- batsman to score hundred first class centuries. Born in Elham, Kent, in 1905, he was mentored by Francis MacKinnon, an ex-county player who lived in the village and then, after leaving Harvey Grammar School, Folkestone, by Gerry Weigall, the county coach, who encouraged him to learn to keep", "title": "Les Ames" }, { "id": "7238213", "text": "Bill Ashdown William Henry Ashdown (27 December 1898 – 15 September 1979) was an English professional cricketer. He is one of a very few men who played first-class cricket before the First World War and after the Second World War. Ashdown was born in Bromley in Kent. He first played first-class cricket in 1914, playing for Gerry Weigall's XI against Oxford University in The Parks, aged 15. He played for Kent County Cricket Club after the First World War. He scored 39 centuries, including a highest score of 332 against Essex in 1934. This remains Kent's highest individual score. Ashdown", "title": "Bill Ashdown" }, { "id": "2952655", "text": "In 1933, he set a record for the highest individual Test innings of 336 not out, surpassed by Len Hutton in 1938. In all first-class cricket, he scored 50,551 runs and 167 centuries, respectively the seventh and third highest totals by a first-class cricketer. With the ball, he took 732 wickets. Although Hammond began his career in 1920, he was required to wait until 1923 before he could play full-time, after his qualification to play for Gloucestershire was challenged. His potential was spotted immediately and after three full seasons, he was chosen to visit the West Indies in 1925–26 as", "title": "Wally Hammond" }, { "id": "4297961", "text": "of 58.38 for his 18,740 runs (highest first-class aggregate for an Indian player after Sunil Gavaskar, Sachin Tendulkar and Rahul Dravid). He scored 60 first-class centuries (including 7 in Tests), the fourth highest for an Indian player and 10 first-class double centuries (including six during World War II, when India was the only Test cricket-playing country to continue holding its domestic first-class cricket competition without interruption). His bowling record was more modest, and he took 595 first-class wickets (including 20 in Tests, and Donald Bradman's wicket three times) at an bowling average of 24.61. On the Indian domestic circuit, Hazare", "title": "Vijay Hazare" }, { "id": "2466855", "text": "was the all-time highest run scorer in top level cricket. He scored 44,846 runs in all first-class cricket at an average of 49.01, including 128 centuries. (A number of players have scored more first-class runs.) Martin-Jenkins took into consideration Gooch's List A matches, in which he scored a further 22,211 runs, itself a world record. In October 2001, Gooch returned to his beloved Essex in the capacity of head coach, taking over from Keith Fletcher. Gooch held this role until stepping down in March 2005 to Paul Prichard, his long running opening partner. Gooch remains at the club, continuing as", "title": "Graham Gooch" }, { "id": "9286981", "text": "Desmond Fell Desmond Robert Fell (16 December 1912 – 22 January 1992) was a South African cricketer who played first-class cricket in for Natal either side of the Second World War, later becoming an umpire. He was born in Pietermaritzburg, and died aged 79 in Durban. His most successful season was 1946-47, when he scored 496 first-class runs at 49.60, including two centuries, the higher of these being the career-best 161 he hit against Rhodesia. He also passed 400 runs in 1937-38, but after that his highest aggregate was the 219 runs he accumulated in 1947-48. Fell's only first-class match", "title": "Desmond Fell" }, { "id": "41180", "text": "Brian Lara Brian Charles Lara, (born 2 May 1969) is a Trinidadian former international cricketer, widely acknowledged as one of the greatest batsmen of all time. He topped the Test batting rankings on several occasions and holds several cricketing records, including the record for the highest individual score in first-class cricket, with 501 not out for Warwickshire against Durham at Edgbaston in 1994, which is the only quintuple hundred in first-class cricket history. Lara also holds the record for the highest individual score in a Test innings after scoring 400 not out against England at Antigua in 2004. He is", "title": "Brian Lara" }, { "id": "5311621", "text": "minutes(858) and the only player in test history to have spent over 800 minutes to score a test triple ton. In 1958–59, he surpassed Don Bradman's record for the highest individual first-class innings. Hanif made 499 for Karachi in a match against Bahawalpur before being run out attempting his five hundredth run; this stood for more than 35 years before being passed by Brian Lara in 1994. In all he made 55 first-class centuries and finished with a strong first-class career average of 52.32. He could bowl with either arm, and kept wicket on a number of occasions. He is", "title": "Hanif Mohammad" }, { "id": "9628993", "text": "and Scarborough. The star performer on the tour was Learie Constantine, though he failed in the Test matches. He scored the most first-class runs, with 1,381 at an average of 34.52 runs per innings, took the most first-class wickets, with 107 at 22.95 each, and was the only player to score three centuries in the first-class matches. Martin, Challenor and Roach also scored more than 1,000 runs in the first-class matches, and Hoad, who came good in the second half of the tour, did so in all matches. Challenor, who had scored 1,556 first-class runs at an average of 51.86", "title": "West Indian cricket team in England in 1928" }, { "id": "8652737", "text": "Ken Suttle Kenneth George 'Ken' Suttle (born 25 August 1928 at Brook Green, Hammersmith, London; died 25 March 2005 while on holiday in Mauritius) was an English cricketer. He was primarily a left-handed batsman but was also a useful slow left-arm bowler. His first-class career with Sussex lasted from 1949 to 1971. He played in 612 first-class matches. This included an unbroken sequence of 423 consecutive County Championship matches between 1954 and 1969, which is still the record number. He made 30225 first-class runs at 31.09, with 49 centuries and a highest score of 204, reaching 1000 runs in 17", "title": "Ken Suttle" }, { "id": "5577871", "text": "then added another 336 against South Australia over the New Year. He had scored 1,013 runs in the space of four innings. This feat was part of a sequence in which he scored a century in a record ten consecutive first-class matches from December 1926 to December 1927. In January 1928 the \"Daily News\" in London described Ponsford as \"the most remarkable and the most heart-breaking scoring-machine ever invented\". Ponsford toured New Zealand with an Australian squad in 1928. In the six first-class matches scheduled, he scored 452 at an average of 56.50, second only to his opening partner Bill", "title": "Bill Ponsford" }, { "id": "679276", "text": "Sachin Tendulkar Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar (; born 24 April 1973) is a former Indian international cricketer and a former captain of the Indian national team, regarded as the greatest batsman of all time. He is the highest run scorer of all time in International cricket. Tendulkar took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his Test debut on 15 November 1989 against Pakistan in Karachi at the age of sixteen, and went on to represent Mumbai domestically and India internationally for close to twenty-four years. He is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries, the first", "title": "Sachin Tendulkar" }, { "id": "16744892", "text": "Leeds and Hobbs consulted him over the pain. Moynihan diagnosed acute appendicitis and operated the same day; in the opinion of the surgeon, Hobbs would not have lived another five hours without surgery. Hobbs missed the rest of the season, and upon recovering from surgery took a family holiday. Hobbs returned to cricket in 1922 and batted very effectively throughout the first months of the season and scored 10 first-class centuries in total. One of the centuries came in the Gentlemen v Players match at Lord's, in which Hobbs captained the Players team for the first time. But his innings", "title": "Later cricket career of Jack Hobbs" }, { "id": "13609228", "text": "of the 1928-29 series against England. He made 18 and 1 and was promptly dropped for the next Test. Recalled for the third Test in Melbourne, he scored 112 in the second innings to establish his place in the team for the next twenty years. During his illustrious career, he would hold the records for the highest individual Test innings and the most centuries in Test cricket and when he retired in 1948 he had the highest Test batting average, the last a record he still holds. He scored 117 first class centuries, still the only Australian to score a", "title": "History of Australian cricket" }, { "id": "5924893", "text": "at 107.66. He also took four wickets at 30.50. During an unofficial tour of the Australian team to the United States and Canada during the off season in 1913, which consisted of more than 50 matches, the overwhelming majority of which were not first-class, Macartney scored 2,390 runs at 45.92 and took 189 wickets at 3.81, topping both the batting and bowling averages. He also made the most centuries (seven) and the highest individual score of 186 against a combined Canada and United States team. Macartney played in only five first-class matches and scored two centuries in these fixtures. In", "title": "Charlie Macartney" }, { "id": "9822457", "text": "that subsequently created by the Association of Cricket Statisticians (ACS) in the 1970s. The differences here are that Webber includes the Gloucestershire match of 1868 but excludes two England v XIII of Kent matches played in 1878 and 1879. He excludes all five Gloucestershire v Somerset matches between 1882 and 1885 (see below). The main issues arising from the disagreement about W. G. Grace’s career totals are: (a) when did Grace score his hundredth first-class century; (b) how many first-class centuries did he score; and (c) when did Jack Hobbs overtake his record total of first-class centuries? At 1pm on", "title": "Variations in published cricket statistics" }, { "id": "16744942", "text": "newspaper columns and in a book. In 1933, Hobbs scored 1,105 runs at 61.38, aged 50. After missing the first games with illness, he scored 221 against the touring West Indian team, which earned many tributes in the press. He did not play every game, and the Surrey committee allowed him to choose which matches to play, and more centuries later in the season led to press anticipation of his 200th century—although the matches for Vizianagram's team were not counted as first-class at the time. By the end of the season, he had scored 196 first-class centuries. That winter he", "title": "Later cricket career of Jack Hobbs" }, { "id": "5311846", "text": "defeat. Nevertheless, he was appointed permanent captain for the following season. Against Northamptonshire in one of the last games of the 1920 season, Surrey had passed Northamptonshire's score and were in a dominant position when Fender batted. He was dropped early on but batting in a carefree, aggressive style, reached 100 runs in 35 minutes, as of 2016 still the fastest individual century on record in first-class cricket. In total, he scored 113 not out and shared a partnership of 171 runs in 42 minutes with Alan Peach. Although acknowledged to be a fast innings, Fender's century was not recognised", "title": "Percy Fender" }, { "id": "2050454", "text": "Sir Berkley Moynihan, a prominent surgeon based in Leeds, who diagnosed acute appendicitis and operated the same day. In the opinion of the surgeon, Hobbs would not have lived another five hours without surgery. He missed the rest of the season. Hobbs returned to cricket in 1922 and batted effectively throughout the first months of the season, scoring 10 first-class centuries in total. One of the centuries came in the Gentlemen v Players match at Lord's, in which he captained the Players team for the first time. Towards the end of the season, his form faded owing to the lingering", "title": "Jack Hobbs" }, { "id": "9822443", "text": "scorecards. The concept of a first-class level of cricket seems to have taken hold in the 1860s, perhaps through the influence of the \"Guide to Cricketers\", and W. G. Grace certainly considered his matches in 1864 to have been \"first-class\". Nevertheless, Grace's \"first-class career\" was effectively defined after his death when F. S. Ashley-Cooper compiled a season-by-season record to supplement Grace's obituary in the 1916 edition of \"Wisden\". This record became Grace's \"traditional figures\" and, as described later, was the statistical basis for the celebrations in 1925 when Jack Hobbs overtook the total of 126 career centuries that Ashley-Cooper had", "title": "Variations in published cricket statistics" }, { "id": "5323827", "text": "Patsy Hendren Elias Henry \"Patsy\" Hendren (5 February 1889 – 4 October 1962) was an English first-class cricketer, active 1907 to 1937, who played for Middlesex and England. He was born in Turnham Green and died in Tooting Bec. A right-handed batsman who occasionally bowled off breaks, Hendren was one of the most prolific batsmen of the inter-war period, averaging 47.63 in his 51 Test matches and 50.80 in all his first-class matches. He has the third highest first-class run aggregate of 57,611 runs (after Jack Hobbs and Frank Woolley), and his total of 170 centuries ranks second only to", "title": "Patsy Hendren" }, { "id": "9105203", "text": "1820 English cricket season 1820 was the 34th season of cricket in England since the foundation of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). Fuller Pilch made his first known appearance at Lord's. 1820 also sees the earliest mention of wicket-keeping gloves. William Ward scored 278 for MCC against Norfolk at Lord's, the first known double century and a new world record for the highest individual innings in all forms of cricket, beating James Aylward's score of 167 in 1777. Opinion about the match's status is divided and Aylward continued to hold the record in first-class cricket until 1826. According to Wisden, the", "title": "1820 English cricket season" }, { "id": "7350028", "text": "of the 1983 season, and his record of scoring 1,000 runs in 23 seasons has been beaten by only 10 other cricketers. His total career aggregate of 36,049 runs put him 35th on the all-time list of run-getters and is the highest of any player who did not play Test cricket. (Perhaps not coincidentally, his Glamorgan colleague Don Shepherd holds the record for taking the most first class wickets without playing a test match). His 56 centuries in first-class cricket is exceeded only by John Langridge among non-Test players. In addition to these first-class runs, he also scored more than", "title": "Alan Jones (cricketer, born 1938)" }, { "id": "16036381", "text": "number of appearances over the next few seasons. In all first-class matches in 1871, a total of 17 centuries were scored and Grace accounted for 10 of them, including the first century in a first-class match at Trent Bridge. He averaged 78.25 and the next best average by a batsman playing more than a single innings was 39.57, barely more than half his figure. His aggregate for the season was 2,739 and this was the first time that anyone had scored 2,000 first-class runs in a season; Harry Jupp was next best with 1,068. Grace's highest score was 268 for", "title": "W. G. Grace in the 1871 English cricket season" }, { "id": "9016443", "text": "top score of 261. Brian Lara posted the highest individual innings score in first class cricket (501) playing for Warwickshire against Durham at Edgbaston, and also scored the largest number of runs throughout the season (2,066 @ 89.82). He also hit an unprecedented 7 centuries in a period of 8 innings (although the first of these was not achieved in the county championship, but playing for the West Indies in a test match against England in Antigua. He scored 375, which was then the highest individual innings in test matches.) 1994 English cricket season The 1994 English cricket season was", "title": "1994 English cricket season" }, { "id": "5089167", "text": "Monty Noble Montague Alfred Noble (28 January 1873 – 22 June 1940) was an Australian cricketer who played for New South Wales and Australia. A right-hand batsman, right-handed bowler who could deliver both medium pace and off-break bowling, capable fieldsman and tactically sound captain, Noble is considered as one of the great Australian all-rounders. He scored 13,975 first class runs between 1893 and 1920 and took 624 wickets. He made 37 centuries – including a best of 284 in 1902 – and set several partnership and high-score records for his State team. He played 42 Tests for his country, and", "title": "Monty Noble" }, { "id": "4943732", "text": "Herbert Sutcliffe Herbert Sutcliffe (24 November 1894 – 22 January 1978) was an English professional cricketer who represented Yorkshire and England as an opening batsman. Apart from one match in 1945, his first-class career spanned the period between the two world wars. His first-class debut was delayed by the First World War until 1919 and his career was effectively terminated in August 1939 when he was called up for military service in the imminent Second World War. He was the first cricketer to score 16 centuries in Test match cricket. A right-handed batsman, Sutcliffe was noted for his concentration and", "title": "Herbert Sutcliffe" }, { "id": "10979528", "text": "Rusi Cooper Rustom Sorabji \"Rusi\" Cooper (born 15 December 1922 in Bombay) is a former Indian first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who made his first-class debut in the 1941/42 Bombay Pentangular Tournament, playing for the Parsees. Later he represented Bombay in the Ranji Trophy. Selected to play for the Rest of India against Western India States in February 1944, Cooper went in to bat at number eight and made his maiden first-class century. He finished the season with an average of 76.60. He improved further in 1944-45, averaging 91.83 and scoring two centuries. This tally included a century", "title": "Rusi Cooper" }, { "id": "10979530", "text": "Rusi Cooper Rustom Sorabji \"Rusi\" Cooper (born 15 December 1922 in Bombay) is a former Indian first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who made his first-class debut in the 1941/42 Bombay Pentangular Tournament, playing for the Parsees. Later he represented Bombay in the Ranji Trophy. Selected to play for the Rest of India against Western India States in February 1944, Cooper went in to bat at number eight and made his maiden first-class century. He finished the season with an average of 76.60. He improved further in 1944-45, averaging 91.83 and scoring two centuries. This tally included a century", "title": "Rusi Cooper" }, { "id": "5468939", "text": "by his wife, two sons and a daughter. Polly Umrigar Pahlan Ratanji \"Polly\" Umrigar (28 March 1926 – 7 November 2006) was an Indian cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Bombay and Gujarat, and Test cricket in the Indian cricket team, mainly as a middle-order batsman but also bowling occasional medium pace and off spin. He captained the Indian team in eight Test matches from 1955 to 1958. When he retired in 1962, he had played in more Tests (59), scored more Test runs (3,631), and recorded more Test centuries (12), than any other Indian player. He scored the first", "title": "Polly Umrigar" }, { "id": "4324834", "text": "regarded as the standard. For example, the ACS has awarded Jack Hobbs 199 first-class hundreds (as recorded on Cricinfo), while \"Wisden\", the generally accepted standard, gives Hobbs his \"traditional\" total of 197 centuries. More recently, when the International Cricket Council decided to award Test and One Day International status to the matches played for the tsunami benefit and the ICC Super Series between Australia and a Rest of the World team, Frindall, in common with many statisticians and historians, disputed the ruling. As a result, \"Playfair\" and other publications to which he supplied statistics did not classify those matches as", "title": "Bill Frindall" }, { "id": "5437382", "text": "He holds the record for the most first-class centuries by a Glamorgan wicket-keeper (15) with his highest score of 139 coming in the final game of the 2009 season against Surrey at the Oval. Wallace has 2 List A centuries coming in the 2012 and 2013 seasons. Having previously held the position of vice-captain he was appointed Glamorgan captain for the 2012 season. Having previously served as a players representative Wallace was elected as Chairman of the Professional Cricketers Association in 2013. 2008 During 2008, Wallace played a handful of matches for Port Talbot Town in the South Wales Cricket", "title": "Mark Wallace (cricketer)" }, { "id": "10281751", "text": "from the effects of sunburn. Catt's highest score in first-class cricket came when he was used as a nightwatchman against Leicestershire in 1962. Having survived until stumps, the following day he scored 121 in the morning session, finishing with a score of 162, his only first-class century. In total Catt made 138 first-class appearances, including 118 in the County Championship and nine in the Currie Cup. He played twice for Kent in the Gillette Cup as one-day cricket became established in the early 1960s. Anthony Catt Anthony Waldron Catt (2 October 1933 – 6 August 2018) was an English cricketer", "title": "Anthony Catt" }, { "id": "10649792", "text": "due to injury. In 1966, Abberley struck his first First-class century, scoring 117 not out against Essex, the highest First-class score of his career. The 1966 season proved to be Abberley's most prolific in First-class cricket, with 1315 runs scored at an average of 28.58. He toured Pakistan with an Under 25 MCC side in 1966/67, in a squad featuring a number of current and future England stars such as Mike Brearley, Dennis Amiss, Alan Knott and Derek Underwood. Abberley scored 92 and 31 in his only match on this tour, against Central Zone. Neal Abberley Robert Neal Abberley (22", "title": "Neal Abberley" }, { "id": "41190", "text": "having scored 375 against England in 1994, a record that stood until Matthew Hayden's 380 against Zimbabwe in 2003. His 400 not out also made him the second player (after Donald Bradman) to score two Test triple-centuries, and the second (after Bill Ponsford) to score two first-class quadruple-centuries. He has scored nine double centuries in Test cricket, third after Bradman's twelve and Kumar Sangakkara's eleven. As a captain, he scored five double centuries, which is the highest by any one who is in charge. In 1995 Lara in the Test match away series against England, scored 3 hundreds in Three", "title": "Brian Lara" }, { "id": "6829098", "text": "Paul Hibbert Paul Anthony Hibbert (23 July 1952 – 27 November 2008) was an Australian cricketer who played in one Test in 1977. He was born in Brunswick, Victoria. Hibbert is one of only two men to make a century in first-class cricket without hitting a boundary, a record he shares with Alan Hill. He was the batting coach at Essendon Cricket Club and the club coach of the Preston Druids Cricket Club. He died in the Melbourne suburb of Essendon in 2008. Hibbert was selected for the Victorian squad in 1974–75 after a strong club season in which he", "title": "Paul Hibbert" }, { "id": "7075985", "text": "highest score was 200 for Mumbai in their victory over Maharashtra in a semi-final of the Ranji Trophy in 1948–49. It was the highest of nine centuries in a match in which 2376 runs were scored, which is still a record in first-class cricket. He was among the four victims (others being Pankaj Roy, Dattajirao Gaekwad and Vijay Manjrekar) in India's miserable 0–4 start in the second innings of the Headingley Test of 1952 with Fred Trueman playing havoc. Mantri was the uncle of former Indian cricket captain Sunil Gavaskar. Until his death, he lived in Hindu Colony, Dadar, Mumbai,", "title": "Madhav Mantri" }, { "id": "13796271", "text": "Brian Roe Brian Roe (27 January 1939 – 27 June 2014) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Somerset between 1957 and 1966. Roe was born at Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire. A diminutive and defensive right-handed batsman, he played mostly as an opener, and was a regular member of the Somerset side between 1961 and 1964. He scored 1,000 runs in three seasons from 1961 to 1963, reaching 1552 runs at an average of 26.30 in 1962. He made four first-class centuries, with the highest being 128 in the match against Essex at Brentwood in 1962. He was awarded his", "title": "Brian Roe" }, { "id": "12400278", "text": "guineas towards the total cost of 200 guineas, for the food and the entertainment. In 1823, Ward was commended for his 'munificent' generosity in distributing six bullocks and ten chaldrons of coals amongst the 'poor and deserving objects' of Cowes. George had a famous and talented son, the cricketer William Ward. Following in the family footsteps, William was also a noted financier. But as a cricketer, he scored the first ever first-class double-century and his score of 278 for the MCC v Norfolk in 1820, remained the highest ever first-class score for 56 years, until it was finally beaten by", "title": "Northwood House" }, { "id": "5736853", "text": "by the Hambledon Club which commence a continuous statistical record. Those three matches were all between a Hampshire XI and an England XI, the first played at Broadhalfpenny on 24 and 25 June. The two leading online archives begin their first-class coverage with this match which is numbered \"first-class no. 1\" by \"ESPNcricinfo\" and \"f1\" by \"CricketArchive\". On 13 July 1775, Small scored 136 not out and Nyren 98 for Hampshire against Surrey at Broadhalfpenny and Small's innings is the earliest known century in first-class cricket. Despite being ordained, a Steward of the Hambledon Club and a member of the", "title": "Broadhalfpenny Down" }, { "id": "5577896", "text": "program for the 1952 Claxton Shield—held in Perth—made a similar claim. In first-class cricket, Ponsford scored 13,819 runs at an average of 65.18, as of 2009 the fifth highest complete career average of any player, worldwide. Ponsford was not satisfied with merely making centuries; he strove to score 200 and more. Arriving in big cricket a few years before Bradman, for a time Ponsford was considered the heaviest scorer in cricket history. Jack Fingleton claimed that \"The true perspective of Ponsford's deeds had barely dawned on the game when Bradman ruthlessly thrust him from public thought ...\" Apart from Brian", "title": "Bill Ponsford" }, { "id": "7152938", "text": "10 wickets in 6 games at an average of 13. Jadeja made his first-class debut in the 2006–07 Duleep Trophy. He plays for West Zone in the Duleep Trophy and for Saurashtra in the Ranji Trophy. In 2012, Jadeja became the eighth player in history, and the first Indian player, to score three first-class triple centuries in his career, joining Don Bradman, Brian Lara, Bill Ponsford, Wally Hammond, WG Grace, Graeme Hick and Mike Hussey. His first came in early November 2011 against Orissa, in which he scored 314 off 375 balls. His second came in November 2012 against Gujarat,", "title": "Ravindra Jadeja" }, { "id": "10070829", "text": "Freddie Jakeman Frederick \"Freddie\" Jakeman (10 January 1920 – 17 May 1986) was an English first-class cricketer, who played for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1946 and 1947, and for Northamptonshire from 1949 to 1954. He also played first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in 1952. Born in Holmfirth, Yorkshire, England, Jakeman was a left-handed batsman, who played 134 games in all, scoring 5,952 runs at 32.00, with a best score of 258 not out against Essex. Another notable innings include an unbeaten 176 against Surrey and 169 against Derbyshire. He scored eleven centuries in all with 42", "title": "Freddie Jakeman" }, { "id": "5450549", "text": "average of 30.16. He was never dismissed in Tests in single figures. His last Test was against England in Wellington in 1950–51. His only Test century, 116, was scored against England at Christchurch in 1946–47 as an opening batsman. He retired from first-class cricket in 1952. He continued playing senior club cricket in Christchurch for another 15 years, eventually scoring a record 15,391 club runs. In his first-class career, he scored 7523 runs from 117 matches, averaging 40.44 and notching up 18 centuries. Hadlee was a national selector, a New Zealand team manager, and a member of the management committee", "title": "Walter Hadlee" }, { "id": "11318011", "text": "Tom Marsden Thomas (Tom) Marsden (12 September 1803 – 27 February 1843) was a noted early English cricketer whose career spanned the 1826 to 1841 seasons. Born in Sheffield, Marsden was an all-rounder who batted left-handed and bowled either left-arm fast (underarm) or slow left-arm orthodox (roundarm). He played mostly for Sheffield Cricket Club at a time when it was representative of Yorkshire as a county and he was one of the first great Yorkshire cricketers. Marsden's known career record consists of 55 first-class matches. He played 99 innings and scored 1724 runs. He made two centuries and three fifties.", "title": "Tom Marsden" }, { "id": "15988759", "text": "the great travelling elevens to fold, its longevity due to Grace's involvement. He scored 215 for the Gentlemen which was the first time anyone scored a double century in the Gentlemen v Players fixture. The Players managed to save this game, which was drawn, but the Gentlemen won the next one at Lord's by 4 runs. Grace scored 109 out of 187 in the first innings of a low-scoring match. According to \"CricketArchive\", Grace made 21 first-class appearances in 1870, easily his highest tally so far, scoring 1,808 runs at 54.78 including 5 centuries with a highest score of 215", "title": "W. G. Grace's cricket career (1864 to 1870)" }, { "id": "10667636", "text": "match award in the Benson and Hedges Cup final at Lord's in 1984 for his captaincy, despite not bowling and scoring a duck. He was awarded a benefit season in 1988, which raised £52,500. He scored 14 first-class hundreds, with a best of 201 not out against Warwickshire. His solitary one day century, 103, came against Somerset. Abrahams is the team manager of the England Under-19 team. His wife Debbie is a Labour MP, elected at the January 2011 parliamentary by-election in Oldham East and Saddleworth. John Abrahams John Abrahams (born 21 July 1952) is an English retired cricket player.", "title": "John Abrahams" }, { "id": "10258091", "text": "the highest first-class batting average. Some sources including the SMH reports of the day call Callaway the first batsman to score a double century on first class debut. The definition of first class matches has changed over time. As per the modern classification, Callaway is the second, after Tom Marsden who scored 227 for Sheffield and Leicester v Nottingham in 1826. Norman Callaway Norman Frank Callaway (5 April 1896 – 3 May 1917) was an Australian first class cricketer and Australian Imperial Force (AIF) soldier. Born in Hay, New South Wales to Thomas and Emily, Callaway moved to Sydney and", "title": "Norman Callaway" }, { "id": "6895513", "text": "blue to turn professional. This caused Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) to suspend his membership. However, he scored four first-class centuries in his first season for Essex. He remained with Essex for six years, to 1956, making 1,000 runs four times. He toured in India with a Commonwealth team in 1953–54, scoring a century (154) at Jorhat. Gibb was an umpire in first-class cricket from 1957 to 1966, later becoming a bus driver in Guildford, Surrey, where he died suddenly in December 1977. His obituary appeared in the 1979 edition of \"Wisden\". Paul Gibb Paul Antony Gibb (11 July 1913 –", "title": "Paul Gibb" }, { "id": "3449328", "text": "the game as Sussex saved the match after following on; prior to this, only four men had scored two centuries in the same first-class game, and as of 2011, no-one else has scored two on the same day. By the end of the season, he had scored 2,780 runs, beating the record aggregate for a season held by W. G. Grace, and hit 10 centuries, equalling another record of Grace. His average of 57.92 was the highest of the season. Even so, Sussex finished bottom of the County Championship as Ranjitsinhji had little batting support and the team's bowling was", "title": "Ranjitsinhji" }, { "id": "7077967", "text": "the wickets of Clive Lloyd and Gary Sobers. In his 50 Test innings, he made just the one century, 104 against the West Indies in 1962. He played for Gujarat, Rajasthan and Saurashtra in first-class cricket. He made 14 hundreds in first-class cricket in which he managed 8545 runs at 33.37. He has the distinction of being the only cricketer that would respond to a demand from the crowd to hit a six. The crowd would cheer, \"We want a sixer!\" and Durani would hit one. Durani had a special rapport with the spectators, who once agitated when he was", "title": "Salim Durani" }, { "id": "466967", "text": "\"Wisden 1916\" (as reproduced by Rae, pp. 495–496), are given first and the \"amended\" figures from \"CricketArchive\" follow in parentheses. There is no dispute about Grace's Test career record and those statistics are universally recognised. See Variations in published cricket statistics for more information. W. G. Grace William Gilbert \"W. G.\" Grace, (18 July 1848 – 23 October 1915) was an English amateur cricketer who was important in the development of the sport and is widely considered one of its greatest-ever players. Universally known as \"W. G.\", he played first-class cricket for a record-equalling 44 seasons, from 1865 to 1908,", "title": "W. G. Grace" }, { "id": "4825489", "text": "record for the fastest recorded century in terms of balls faced in first-class cricket is held by David Hookes who scored 102 runs from 34 balls for South Australia vs Victoria in a Sheffield Shield match in 1982. Chris Gayle holds the record for the fastest century in Twenty20, during an Indian Premier League in April 2013, reaching the milestone off only 30 balls. In One day International cricket (ODI) the fastest century is held by South African batsman AB De Villiers. De Villiers' century came up in just 31 balls against the West Indies in the 2nd ODI at", "title": "Century (cricket)" }, { "id": "5577907", "text": "spoke rarely and even then only if he could improve on silence.\" Nonetheless he was popular with his teammates and was said to have a droll sense of humour. Bill Ponsford William Harold \"Bill\" Ponsford (19 October 1900 – 6 April 1991) was an Australian cricketer. Usually playing as an opening batsman, he formed a successful and long-lived partnership opening the batting for Victoria and Australia with Bill Woodfull, his friend and state and national captain. Ponsford is the only player to twice break the world record for the highest individual score in first-class cricket; Ponsford and Brian Lara are", "title": "Bill Ponsford" }, { "id": "16744879", "text": "that 1921 season, he fell seriously ill with appendicitis; the effects of the illness and subsequent operation affected his batting for several seasons and his stamina never fully recovered. When he returned from the illness, Hobbs was a far less attacking batsman than he had been in his earlier career, but was much more secure and assured. As a result, his performances were statistically better than before 1914 and his reputation among the public grew. Adulation for Hobbs reached its peak in 1925 when he broke W. G. Grace's record for most first-class centuries, and the following season he made", "title": "Later cricket career of Jack Hobbs" }, { "id": "17301631", "text": "Dot Laughton Dot Laughton (29 September 1913 – 8 March 1982) was a top-ranking sportswoman in South Australia representing Australia and South Australia in cricket and field hockey during the 1930s until retirement in 1953. In Cricket, Laughton scored 40 centuries in first class cricket domestically and made the world-record score of 390 in 1949. A State captain, she was selected for Australia tour to England in 1951 where she scored 47 runs from her only appearance. An award ‘The Dot Laughton Trophy’ is awarded to outstanding South Australian women cricketers. In field hockey, she was selected as left-full back", "title": "Dot Laughton" }, { "id": "5843176", "text": "Dennis Amiss Dennis Leslie Amiss MBE (born 7 April 1943, Harborne, Birmingham, Warwickshire) is a former English cricketer and cricket administrator. He played for both Warwickshire and England. A right-handed batsman, Amiss was a stroke maker particularly through extra cover and midwicket – his two favourite areas to score runs. He was an accomplished batsman in all forms of the game. He averaged 42.86 in first-class, 35.06 in List-A, 46.30 in Tests and 47.72 in One Day Internationals. In first-class cricket he scored 102 centuries, and his England record amassed over 50 Tests ranks him with the best England has", "title": "Dennis Amiss" }, { "id": "4659295", "text": "his entire career Luckhurst totalled 22,303 runs (average 38.12) in first-class cricket. He scored 1,000 runs in a season 14 times, his highest total for a season being 1,194 (average 47.85) in 1969. He scored 48 centuries, with a highest score of 215 against Derbyshire at Derby in 1973. Although primarily a batsman, Luckhurst was technically an all-rounder. He took 64 wickets (average 42.87) with slow left arm spin (although he batted right-handed). On the rare occasions when he was called upon to bowl in a Test match, it was regarded as an indication that the result of the match", "title": "Brian Luckhurst" }, { "id": "10774317", "text": "Bernard Hedges Bernard Hedges (10 November 1927 – 8 February 2014) was a Welsh cricketer who played for Glamorgan, making his first-class debut in 1950 and playing his last match in 1967. He played 422 first-class matches, all of them for Glamorgan. He played most of his cricket as an opening batsman despite starting his career in the middle order. He scored 17,733 first-class runs at an average of 25.22, with 21 centuries and a highest score of 182. His best season was 1961, when he scored 2026 runs at an average of 32.15. Hedges was the first player to", "title": "Bernard Hedges" }, { "id": "17301632", "text": "for Australia in 1947 in a series versus New Zealand. Dot Laughton Dot Laughton (29 September 1913 – 8 March 1982) was a top-ranking sportswoman in South Australia representing Australia and South Australia in cricket and field hockey during the 1930s until retirement in 1953. In Cricket, Laughton scored 40 centuries in first class cricket domestically and made the world-record score of 390 in 1949. A State captain, she was selected for Australia tour to England in 1951 where she scored 47 runs from her only appearance. An award ‘The Dot Laughton Trophy’ is awarded to outstanding South Australian women", "title": "Dot Laughton" }, { "id": "6486583", "text": "average of 27.65. In all first-class matches he made five centuries, the highest a fine unbeaten 114 to take Otago to a seven-wicket victory over Wellington in 1959-60. He was also an occasional wicketkeeper. He continued in club cricket after his long first-class career, playing up to the age of 58, and was also a leading bowls administrator. The highlight of his long Test career was his only century, 111 scored in five and a half hours at number four against Pakistan in a losing cause in Lahore in 1955. It was also his first first-class century. In his second", "title": "Noel McGregor" }, { "id": "4560366", "text": "century, 140, was scored in conjunction with Graeme Pollock's 274 in a famous 103-run partnership. With such limited international exposure, Richards plied his trade in first-class cricket between 1964 and 1983, becoming a prolific batsman with 28,358 runs. He scored 80 centuries, including a best of 356, at an overall average of 54.74. He also scored 8,506 one day runs, with 16 further centuries. Wisden Cricketer of the Year for 1969, Richards scored runs for Gloucestershire, Hampshire, Natal, South Australia, Transvaal and in World Series Cricket, and has been described as \"one of the finest talents of the 20th century\",", "title": "Barry Richards" }, { "id": "2466854", "text": "scored the most first-class runs in a season (2559, scored in 1984 while banned from playing for England), and made more first-class centuries (94) for the county than any other player. The Essex record partnership for the second wicket was set by Gooch and Paul Prichard. Gooch also bowled occasional medium pace, and took over 200 first-class wickets. He could be a prodigious swinger of the ball if conditions suited. In dead matches he could sometimes be seen doing impressions of fellow professionals' bowling styles. Upon his retirement, Christopher Martin-Jenkins wrote an article in Wisden Cricketers' Almanack arguing that Gooch", "title": "Graham Gooch" }, { "id": "6113315", "text": "Colchester, scoring 244 in the first innings and an undefeated 202 in the second innings in a drawn match, becoming the only batsman in first-class cricket history to score double centuries in both innings of a match. The 1938 season was a year of record-breaking, and the young Leonard Hutton cemented his place as England's first choice opener with his 364 against the Australians at The Oval. Fagg played only one more Test, though he remained a consistent scorer in county cricket until the mid-1950s. In all, he scored 58 centuries and more than 25,000 runs. After retirement, he became", "title": "Arthur Fagg" } ]	who scored most centuries in first class cricket
[ "Manchester United" ]	[ { "id": "10239278", "text": "Roy Evans, who won the League Cup, but upon his resignation in 1998, the era was over. In contrast, Manchester United have succeeded thanks to the services of three extraordinary men, all decades apart, without the need for continuity and sustained success beyond each man's departure. Out of the 66 trophies that United have won, 56 have come thanks to the exploits of Ernest Mangnall, Sir Matt Busby and Sir Alex Ferguson. Mangnall was the first great manager of Manchester United, securing five trophies within a three-year time span of 1908–11. Following his departure to local rivals Manchester City a", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "10239262", "text": "Cups, 1 FIFA Club World Cup, 1 Intercontinental Cup and 36 FA Community Shields. Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool, and they also lead the Merseysiders in so-called \"major\" honours as well. The cities of Liverpool and Manchester are located in the north west of England, apart. Since the industrial revolution there has been a consistent theme of rivalry between the two cities based around economic and industrial", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "266427", "text": "players. In 1968, under the management of Matt Busby, Manchester United became the first English football club to win the European Cup. Alex Ferguson won 38 trophies as manager, including 13 Premier League titles, 5 FA Cups and 2 UEFA Champions Leagues, between 1986 and 2013, when he announced his retirement. Manchester United was the highest-earning football club in the world for 2016–17, with an annual revenue of €676.3 million, and the world's most valuable football club in 2018, valued at £3.1 billion. As of June 2015, it is the world's most valuable football brand, estimated to be worth $1.2", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "266425", "text": "Manchester United F.C. Manchester United Football Club, commonly known as Man United, or simply United, is a professional football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England, that competes in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. Nicknamed \"the Red Devils\", the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, changed its name to Manchester United in 1902 and moved to its current stadium, Old Trafford, in 1910. Manchester United have won more trophies than any other club in English football, with a record 20 League titles, 12 FA Cups, 5 League Cups and a", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "266487", "text": "May. Even after the cut, Manchester United was valued at $2.3 billion, making it the most valuable football club in the world. Manchester United are one of the most successful clubs in Europe in terms of trophies won. The club's first trophy was the Manchester Cup, which it won as Newton Heath LYR in 1886. In 1908, the club won its first league title, and won the FA Cup for the first time the following year. Manchester United won the most trophies in the 1990s; five league titles, four FA Cups, one League Cup, five Charity Shields (one shared), one", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "4041847", "text": "is expected by the club and its supporters.\" Under Moores, Liverpool went through their most barren spell for three decades. Though they won the most club competitions over the sixteen years, this excluded the most prized English Premiership. As a result, Manchester United have now overtaken their championship total haul, and are close to their total haul for all major trophies, something which was unimaginable when Moores' tenure started. In 2005, Liverpool won a fifth UEFA Champions League after defeating A.C. Milan in the final. After the departure of Moores, Kenny Dalglish returned to the manager's position amid rumours that", "title": "David Moores" }, { "id": "10239274", "text": "United nickname in Liverpool; \"The Glams\". Manchester United's 26-year spell without a league title has been mirrored by Liverpool since 1990, when the Reds clinched their last league title. Meanwhile, United's dominance since 1990 has seen them win 13 league titles, 23 domestic cups and seven European trophies. Once again, cup glories such as the 2003 League Cup and 2006 FA Cup allowed Liverpool some retribution against their rivals. Despite their contrasting fortunes, though, only six times since 1972 have neither Liverpool nor United finished in the top two of the league table – in 1980–81, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2014–15, 2015–16", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "266488", "text": "UEFA Champions League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup and one Intercontinental Cup. The club holds the record for most top-division titles (20) – including a record 13 Premier League titles – and FA Community Shields (21). It was also the first English club to win the European Cup in 1968, and, , is the only British club to have won the Club World Cup, in 2008. United also became the sole British club to win the Intercontinental Cup, in 1999. The club's most recent trophy came in May 2017, with the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League. In", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "10677227", "text": "Sport in Manchester Manchester City and Manchester United are popular Premier League football clubs in Manchester, United's ground is in Old Trafford, and fixtures between the clubs are referred to as the Manchester Derby. Manchester United are the most successful football club in England with 66 elite honours won (Including three European Cups) and Manchester City are ranked seventh in England by the number of elite honours won with a total of 21. Manchester has hosted every major domestic, continental and international football competition, including the World Cup in 1966, the European Championship in 1996, Olympic Football in 2012, the", "title": "Sport in Manchester" }, { "id": "266467", "text": "Manchester. The West Stand of Old Trafford – the \"Stretford End\" – is the home end and the traditional source of the club's most vocal support. Manchester United has rivalries with Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool, and Manchester City, against whom they contest the Manchester derby. The rivalry with Liverpool is rooted in competition between the cities during the Industrial Revolution when Manchester was famous for its textile industry while Liverpool was a major port. The two clubs are the most successful English teams in both domestic and European competitions; and between them they have won 38 league titles, 8 European", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "249209", "text": "with Manchester United stems from the cities' competition in the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century. The two clubs alternated as champions between 1964 and 1967, and Manchester United became the first English team to win the European Cup in 1968, followed by Liverpool's four European Cup victories. Despite the 38 league titles and eight European Cups between them the two rivals have rarely been successful at the same time – Liverpool's run of titles in the 1970s and 1980s coincided with Manchester United's 26-year title drought, and United's success in the Premier League-era has likewise coincided with Liverpool's ongoing", "title": "Liverpool F.C." }, { "id": "10239279", "text": "year later, it would not be until Busby's arrival 33 years later that the club would be on the trophy trail again. Busby became United's second most decorated manager of all time (ironically as an ex-Liverpool player and captain), winning 13 trophies at the club including the 1968 European Cup, which saw an English team secure European football's top prize for the first time. After Busby's retirement in 1969 though, Manchester United saw their fortunes slip and the club struggled to stay successful until Alex Ferguson's arrival 17 years later, during which time United only won three FA Cups and", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "15401874", "text": "Alan Hardaker Trophy The Alan Hardaker Trophy is an annual association football award presented to the Man of the Match in the EFL Cup final since 1990. The Alan Hardaker Trophy was first awarded in 1990, Des Walker was the inaugural recipient. Ben Foster, John Terry and Vincent Kompany have won the award on two occasions, the most wins by an individual. Manchester United have received the award five times, more than any other club. English players have won the trophy sixteen times, which is a record; the only other nations with multiple wins are Scotland and Belgium, with two", "title": "Alan Hardaker Trophy" }, { "id": "10239275", "text": "and 2016-17 – and even during five of those six campaigns, another piece of silverware was still taken home by one of the two clubs; Liverpool paraded the European Cup and League Cup in 1981, while Manchester United lifted the FA Community Shield and FA Cup in the 2004 season and Liverpool claimed the Champions League in 2005. United brought home the FA Cup again in 2016 and they won a treble of trophies consisting of the Community Shield, League Cup and UEFA Europa League in 2016-17. While Liverpool and Manchester United's successes are almost identical in number, their systems", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "10239261", "text": "own local derby competitions with Everton and Manchester City, respectively. The rivalry has been fuelled by the proximity of the two major cities that they represent, their historic economic and industrial rivalry, significant periods of domestic footballing dominance and European success, and their popularity at home and abroad, as two of the biggest-earning and widely supported football clubs in the world. The two clubs are the most successful English teams in both domestic and European competitions; and between them they have won 38 league titles, 8 European Cups, 4 UEFA Cups, 4 UEFA Super Cups, 19 FA Cups, 13 League", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "15401875", "text": "recipients. Alan Hardaker Trophy The Alan Hardaker Trophy is an annual association football award presented to the Man of the Match in the EFL Cup final since 1990. The Alan Hardaker Trophy was first awarded in 1990, Des Walker was the inaugural recipient. Ben Foster, John Terry and Vincent Kompany have won the award on two occasions, the most wins by an individual. Manchester United have received the award five times, more than any other club. English players have won the trophy sixteen times, which is a record; the only other nations with multiple wins are Scotland and Belgium, with", "title": "Alan Hardaker Trophy" }, { "id": "11009787", "text": "win came in 2012 when Chelsea F.C. beat FC Bayern Munich on penalties at the Allianz Arena after the game ended 1-1 in extra time. A record five teams have won Europe's premier club competition: Liverpool five times, the second English team to retain the cup (1977, 1978, 1981, 1984, 2005), Manchester United three times (1968, 1999, 2008), Nottingham Forest twice, being the second English team to retain the European Cup (1979, 1980), Aston Villa once (1982) and Chelsea once (2012). English clubs also hold the records for the most consecutive tournament victories by clubs from one country (six wins", "title": "English clubs in the European Cup and UEFA Champions League" }, { "id": "534492", "text": "League with a game to spare, making Ferguson the first manager in the history of English football to win the Premier League three times consecutively, on two separate occasions. Ferguson had now won 11 league titles at Manchester United, and the 2008–09 season title success put them level with Liverpool as league champions on a record 18 occasions in total. They also won the League Cup on penalties after a goalless Wembley draw with Tottenham. They contested the 2009 Champions League final against Barcelona on 27 May 2009 but lost 2–0. In 2009–10, Ferguson added another League Cup to his", "title": "Alex Ferguson" }, { "id": "12004577", "text": "Fledglings\": Beckham, Giggs, Scholes, Butt, and Phil Neville. Ryan Giggs and Paul Scholes both played their entire Premiership careers for Manchester United. Scholes announced his retirement at the end of the 2010–11 season, remaining at the club as a youth coach, but made a return to playing duties in January 2012 after several United midfielders were brought down by injury before retiring again at the conclusion of the 2012–13 season. Giggs has now won more trophies than any other player in football history. Coming on as a substitute in the 2008 UEFA Champions League final, he became the club's all-time", "title": "Fergie's Fledglings" }, { "id": "16446665", "text": "Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester United, and Tottenham Hotspur. In that time, only five teams ever won the League title: Manchester United (twelve times), Arsenal (thrice), Chelsea (thrice), Manchester City (once) and Blackburn Rovers (once). Manchester United were also the most successful team overall, never finishing outside of the top-three positions. The awards were divided into 11 categories. Fans could vote for Best Goal, Best Match, Best Save, Best Celebration and Fantasy XI of the 20 Seasons on the Premier League website. A panel selected winners for Best Player, Best Manager, Best Team, Best Season, Best Quote and", "title": "Premier League 20 Seasons Awards" }, { "id": "5313130", "text": "also studied at Peking University and Fudan University in Shanghai. Since 2005, Glazer has been the Executive Co-Chairman of Manchester United. During his tenure, Manchester United have won 18 trophies: five Premier League titles (2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2013), the 2008 Champions League title, the 2017 Europa League trophy, one FA Cup (2016), four Football League Cups (2006, 2009, 2010, 2017), five FA Community Shields (2007, 2008, 2010, 2014, and 2016) and the FIFA Club World Cup in 2008. From 1995 until 2009 he was also the former chairman and chief executive officer of Zapata Corporation. Zapata Corporation was", "title": "Avram Glazer" }, { "id": "142440", "text": "on more than one occasion: Wanderers (1872, 1873 and 1876, 1877, 1878), Blackburn Rovers (1884, 1885, 1886 and 1890, 1891), Tottenham Hotspur (1961, 1962 and 1981, 1982) and Arsenal (2002, 2003 and 2014, 2015). The record for most winner's medals for a manager is held by Arsène Wenger, who has won seven titles with Arsenal (1998, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2014, 2015, 2017). Seven clubs have won the FA Cup as part of a League and Cup double, namely Preston North End (1889), Aston Villa (1897), Tottenham Hotspur (1961), Arsenal (1971, 1998, 2002), Liverpool (1986), Manchester United (1994, 1996, 1999) and", "title": "FA Cup" }, { "id": "10239272", "text": "for the first time, sharing four league titles between 1964 and 1967, as well as the 1965 FA Charity Shield. Following this, though, the two sides began to drift in opposite directions once more. United's title victory of 1967 would be their last for 26 years, while Liverpool would enjoy nearly 20 years of sustained success, winning 11 league titles, 19 domestic cups and seven European trophies from 1972 to 1992. United's main reprieves during this time came through cup competitions, such as their triumphs over the Merseysiders in the 1977 FA Cup Final and the 1979 FA Cup semi-final", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "3300719", "text": "he became the first United manager to win a major trophy in his debut season. On 24 May 2017, Manchester United won the Europa League courtesy of a 2–0 win over AFC Ajax. This was Mourinho's second major trophy of his first season as Manchester United manager. It also maintained his 100% record of winning every major European Cup final as a manager. After a poor start to the 2018–19 season which saw Manchester United lose two of their opening three league games for the first time in twenty six years, including a 3-0 home loss to Tottenham Hotspur –", "title": "José Mourinho" }, { "id": "5402292", "text": "by Liverpool) – following a 0–0 draw at home to Arsenal. This was the second time the club had won three consecutive Premier League titles, but Manchester United was beaten 2–0 by Barcelona in the Champions League final in Rome on 27 May. In the following summer transfer window, Cristiano Ronaldo was sold to Real Madrid for a world record £80 million and Carlos Tevez joined local rivals Manchester City, after his loan spell came to an end. On 28 February 2010, Manchester United defeated Aston Villa 2–1 at Wembley Stadium to retain the League Cup, the first time the", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013)" }, { "id": "5402298", "text": "Ferguson remains as a director and ambassador for the club. On 19 May 2013, Ferguson managed Manchester United for the last time in a 5–5 draw at West Bromwich Albion, who had competed alongside them in the early stages of the title race before fading to finish eighth. During the Glazers' ownership, United have won 15 trophies, including five Premier League titles, three Football League Cups, five FA Community Shields, one UEFA Champions League, and one FIFA Club World Cup. History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013) The period from 1986, when Alex Ferguson was appointed as Manchester United manager, to", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013)" }, { "id": "10239270", "text": "another league title and Charity Shield in 1911. The outbreak of the First World War disrupted domestic football, and following the resumption of competitions in 1919 Liverpool asserted themselves on domestic football with a brace of league Championships while United found themselves in steep decline that saw them relegated in 1923. Between 1923 and the outbreak of the Second World War, neither team won any more competitive trophies outside of local regional trophies, with Manchester United spending three separate periods in the Second Division. After the Second World War, Liverpool again became English champions in 1947 before the clubs' roles", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "266445", "text": "finishing as runner-up to Chelsea in the 2009–10 season, United achieved a record 19th league title in 2010–11, securing the championship with a 1–1 away draw against Blackburn Rovers on 14 May 2011. This was extended to 20 league titles in 2012–13, securing the championship with a 3–0 home win against Aston Villa on 22 April 2013. On 8 May 2013, Ferguson announced that he was to retire as manager at the end of the football season, but would remain at the club as a director and club ambassador. The club announced the next day that Everton manager David Moyes", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "249176", "text": "Bob Paisley led the club to 11 League titles and seven European trophies. Under the management of Rafael Benítez and captained by Steven Gerrard, Liverpool became European champions for the fifth time in 2005. Liverpool was the ninth highest-earning football club in the world in 2016–17, with an annual revenue of €424.2 million, and the world's eighth most valuable football club in 2018, valued at $1.944 billion. The club is one of the best supported teams in the world. Liverpool has long-standing rivalries with Manchester United and Everton. The club's supporters have been involved in two major tragedies: the Heysel", "title": "Liverpool F.C." }, { "id": "9522685", "text": "in English football - Manchester City's £32.4million move for the Brazilian winger Robinho and Manchester United's £30.75million capture of Bulgarian striker Dimitar Berbatov from Tottenham Hotspur. The season had a familiar ending, as Manchester United sealed their third successive Premier League title by a four-point margin over a Liverpool side who came their closest yet to achieving the league title which has eluded them since 1990; ironically United's latest title win saw them match Liverpool's record of 18 English top division titles. Chelsea finished outside the top two for the first time since 2003 as they finished third but still", "title": "History of football in England" }, { "id": "16513407", "text": "Alex Ferguson announced that he would retire from his position as manager of Manchester United after 26 and a half years in charge, making him the longest-serving manager of any English club by this stage. He had won 38 trophies during that time — more than any other manager in the history of football, and at 71 was the oldest serving manager currently in the Premier League or Football League. The next day, Manchester United announced that David Moyes of Everton would take over from Ferguson at the beginning of the 2013–14 season. Manchester United preceded their 2012–13 campaign with", "title": "2012–13 Manchester United F.C. season" }, { "id": "11438870", "text": "berths were eventually taken by the respective European Cup losing finalists. Liverpool also qualified for the 1978 edition but they and opponents Boca Juniors declined to play each other, making it a no contest. In the Premier League era, Manchester United under Sir Alex Ferguson have a 67% success rate, having participated in 3 (Intercontinental Cup in 1999, FIFA Club World Cups in 2000 and 2008), and won 2 (Intercontinental Cup 1999, FIFA Club World Cup 2008). This 67% success rate compares favourably with the all-time European average of 53.6% success - having participated in 57, and won 31 (having", "title": "English football clubs in international competitions" }, { "id": "534408", "text": "a highly successful period as manager of Aberdeen, winning three Scottish league championships, four Scottish Cups and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1983. He briefly managed Scotland following the death of Jock Stein, taking the team to the 1986 World Cup. Ferguson was appointed manager of Manchester United in November 1986. During his 26 years with Manchester United he won 38 trophies, including 13 Premier League titles, five FA Cups, and two UEFA Champions League titles. He was knighted in the 1999 Queen's Birthday Honours list, for his services to the game. Ferguson is the longest serving manager of", "title": "Alex Ferguson" }, { "id": "10239280", "text": "two Charity Shields. It was only under the Scot that United regained their glory days, winning 38 trophies during his 26-year tenure to scale the pinnacles of both English and European football. However, since Ferguson's retirement in 2013, the club has gone on the wane again, finishing in the top four of the league just twice in five seasons, although there has been frequent success in cup competitions. The rivalry has extended to the players as well: Wayne Rooney, a product of Liverpool's city rivals Everton who played for United from 2004 to 2017, described how he grew up hating", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "6836075", "text": "1997 – Aston Villa pay a club record £7 million for Liverpool striker Stan Collymore. 14 May 1997 – Everton sign Croatian defender Slaven Bilić from West Ham United for £4.5million. 17 May 1997 – Chelsea end their 26-year wait for a major trophy, and Ruud Gullit becomes the first foreign manager to win one, with a 2–0 win over Middlesbrough in the FA Cup final. 18 May 1997 – Manchester United are left shocked after their iconic striker Eric Cantona announces his retirement from football six days before his 31st birthday. Cantona, who won four league titles and two", "title": "1996–97 in English football" }, { "id": "266428", "text": "billion. After being floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1991, the club was purchased by Malcolm Glazer in May 2005 in a deal valuing the club at almost £800 million, after which the company was taken private again, before going public once more in August 2012, when they made an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange. Manchester United is one of the most widely supported football clubs in the world, and has rivalries with Liverpool, Manchester City, Arsenal, and Leeds United. Manchester United was formed in 1878 as Newton Heath LYR Football Club by the Carriage", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "14060021", "text": "decade, with only nine teams managing to stay in the league for the full ten seasons – Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Everton, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester United, Southampton and Tottenham Hotspur. In that time, only three teams ever won the League title: Manchester United (seven), Arsenal (twice) and Blackburn Rovers (once). Manchester United were also the most successful team overall, only finishing outside of the top-two positions once. (See also:#First decade finishing positions by season) According to the League's chief executive Richard Scudamore, this first decade was a period which saw 113 million fans go to Premier League football matches", "title": "Premier League 10 Seasons Awards" }, { "id": "6271941", "text": "Bayern Munich. A total of 12 clubs have won the tournament multiple times: the three forementioned clubs, along with Liverpool, Ajax, Barcelona, Inter Milan, Manchester United, Benfica, Nottingham Forest, Juventus, and Porto. A total of 17 clubs have reached the final without ever managing to win the tournament. Clubs from ten countries have provided tournament winners. Spanish clubs have been the most successful, winning a total of 17. Italy and England are joint-second with 12, while the other multiple-time winners are Germany with seven, Netherlands with six, and Portugal with four. The only other countries to provide a tournament winner", "title": "European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics" }, { "id": "13252021", "text": "Manchester United F.C. in European football Manchester United Football Club is an English football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. They were the first English club to enter European competition, entering the European Cup in 1956. Since then, the club has competed in every UEFA-organised competition, with the exception of the now-defunct Intertoto Cup. The competition in which the club has had the most success is the European Cup (now known as the UEFA Champions League); they have won three European Cups, the first of which came in 1968; this win made them the first English club to win", "title": "Manchester United F.C. in European football" }, { "id": "1622600", "text": "League Cup, UEFA Europa League and FIFA Club World Cup. Rooney joined the Everton youth team at the age of 9, and made his professional debut for the club in 2002 at the age of 16. He spent two seasons at the Merseyside club, before moving to Manchester United for £25.6 million in the 2004 summer transfer window. He won 16 trophies with the club, including five Premier League titles, the FA Cup and the Champions League in 2008. He scored 253 goals for United in all competitions to make him their top goalscorer of all time, with 183 Premier", "title": "Wayne Rooney" }, { "id": "13296724", "text": "are expelled from the Conference a year after being relegated from the Football League and were wound-up shortly after. Their expulsion made them the first team at this level to fold mid-season since Newport County in February 1989. 28 February: Manchester United steal the first major silverware of the season by beating Aston Villa 2–1 in the League Cup final at Wembley, retaining the trophy. It is the fourth time they have won the trophy – all of the wins have been under the management of Sir Alex Ferguson. In the Premier League, United are still looking strong contenders for", "title": "2009–10 in English football" }, { "id": "17225663", "text": "1985). The last time outside the Heysel ban era that United had missed out on a place in Europe was in 1980–81. Dutch coach Louis van Gaal was confirmed as Manchester United's new manager on a three-year contract on 19 May 2014, with Giggs appointed as his assistant. On the same day, Giggs announced his retirement as a player after a career spanning nearly 25 years, during which he had played almost 1,000 competitive games for the club and won 34 trophies. It was a period of change for United's staff. In May 2013, manager Sir Alex Ferguson announced his", "title": "2013–14 Manchester United F.C. season" }, { "id": "8441498", "text": "award for winning the Premier League with Manchester United. The club beat Tottenham Hotspur on the last matchday to secure their fifth championship in seven years, and in the following week completed a treble of trophies consisting of the domestic league, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League. Ferguson received the accolade again in 1999–2000, as Manchester United finished 18 points above second-placed Arsenal. Ipswich Town manager George Burley was the winner in 2000–01, the first time the award did not go to a league-winning manager. Ipswich Town, who won promotion to the Premier League from the First Division in the", "title": "Premier League Manager of the Season" }, { "id": "842073", "text": "body in Greater Manchester, and is committed to its promotion and development. Manchester United F.C. are one of the world's best-known football teams, and in 2008 and 2017 \"Forbes\" estimated that they were the world's richest club. They have won the League Championship a record twenty times (most recently in 2012-2013), the FA Cup twelve times, the Football League Cup five times and have been European Champions three times. Their Old Trafford ground has hosted the FA Cup Final England international matches and the 2003 UEFA Champions League Final between Juventus and A.C. Milan. Manchester City F.C. moved from Maine", "title": "Greater Manchester" }, { "id": "10239304", "text": "goals from Fábio Aurélio and finally Andrea Dossena, condemning them to a 4–1 defeat, their heaviest at Old Trafford in any competition for 17 years. Despite the loss, Manchester United were crowned league champions for the third season in succession and equalled Liverpool's 18 league titles, with Liverpool finishing four points behind in second. The league fixture on 11 February 2012 was marked by controversy regarding Liverpool striker Luis Suárez refusal to shake hands with Patrice Evra, following an eight-match suspension for racially abusing Evra in the previous meeting between the sides. Following the 2–1 victory for United after a", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "1295104", "text": "standing was improved and in the 1968–69 season only Manchester United declined to participate. Everton chose not to compete in 1970–71 so that they could concentrate their efforts on the European Cup. Entry was made compulsory for all Football League teams the following year. Liverpool have won the cup on the most occasions with eight victories, including winning their four League Cups in successive years in the early 1980s. They completed two trebles of trophy wins, in 1983–84 and 2000–01, winning the League Cup in both of these years. English clubs lost their place in European competitions for an indefinite", "title": "EFL Cup" }, { "id": "8441493", "text": "2004 known as the Barclays Manager of the Season. In 1994, the inaugural Manager of the Season award was given to Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson for retaining the league championship. The current holder of the award is Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola. The most number of awards won by a single manager is eleven, achieved by Alex Ferguson between 1994 and his retirement in 2013. He accounted for more than half of the awards in that period of time. In 1998 Arsène Wenger became the first non-British manager to win the award, and has so far received it on", "title": "Premier League Manager of the Season" }, { "id": "14402907", "text": "megalopolis. A notable rivalry exists between the football clubs and supporters of Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City and Manchester United, with the rivalry between Liverpool and United supporters being particularly fierce. This is partly due to the fact that Manchester United and Liverpool have dominated the English game and are the country's two most successful clubs. When Manchester City and Liverpool played each other in the 2014 International Champions Cup in the United States, the rivalry took on another sporting angle in the host country due to the ownership of the two clubs; City Football Group's partners in their Major League", "title": "Liverpool–Manchester rivalry" }, { "id": "266442", "text": "win the Premier League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League – \"The Treble\" – in the same season. Losing 1–0 going into injury time in the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final, Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær scored late goals to claim a dramatic victory over Bayern Munich, in what is considered one of the greatest comebacks of all time. The club also won the Intercontinental Cup after beating Palmeiras 1–0 in Tokyo. Ferguson was subsequently knighted for his services to football. Manchester United won the league again in the 1999–2000 and 2000–01 seasons. The team finished third in 2001–02,", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "2985615", "text": "Paul Scholes Paul Scholes ( ; born 16 November 1974) is an English former footballer who played his entire professional career for Manchester United. He is currently co-owner of Salford City and a television pundit for BT Sport. At club level, he won 25 trophies including 11 Premier League titles (more than any other English player) and two Champions League titles. Born in Salford and brought up in Langley, Middleton from infancy, Scholes excelled in both cricket and football while at school. He first trained with Manchester United at the age of 14 after being spotted by a scout visiting", "title": "Paul Scholes" }, { "id": "6642718", "text": "Ipswich Town to fifth place in the Premiership and achieved qualification for the UEFA Cup. Gérard Houllier won a treble of trophies with Liverpool after they triumphed in the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup. Sir Alex Ferguson became the first manager in English football to win three successive league titles after Manchester United (only the fourth team in history to win three straight titles) topped the Premiership's final table for the third year in a row. Alan Curbishley consolidated newly promoted Charlton Athletic in the Premiership with a ninth-place finish, their highest finish in nearly 50 years. Jean", "title": "2000–01 in English football" }, { "id": "4259066", "text": "2000–01 FA Premier League The 2000–01 FA Premier League (known as the FA Carling Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the third season running which ended with Manchester United as champions and Arsenal as runners-up. Sir Alex Ferguson became the first manager to win three successive English league titles with the same club. Liverpool, meanwhile, managed a unique cup treble – winning the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup. They also finished third in the Premier League and qualified for the Champions League; they had not played in the European Cup since the 1985 final at Heysel in which their", "title": "2000–01 FA Premier League" }, { "id": "266426", "text": "record 21 FA Community Shields. United have also won three UEFA Champions Leagues, one UEFA Europa League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup, one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup. In 1998–99, the club became the first in the history of English football to achieve the continental European treble. By winning the UEFA Europa League in 2016–17, they became one of five clubs to have won all three main UEFA club competitions, and the only English club to have won every competition available to them. The 1958 Munich air disaster claimed the lives of eight", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "16302072", "text": "number of nationally contested leagues, and its record against each club faced in these competitions is listed below. The team that Manchester United has met most in league competition is Arsenal, against whom they have contested 196 league matches. Arsenal have also defeated Manchester United in league competition on 69 occasions, which represents the most Manchester United have lost against any club. Manchester United have won 85 of the league matches against Aston Villa, which represents the most Manchester United have won against any club. Manchester United have drawn more matches with Manchester City than with any other club; out", "title": "Manchester United F.C. league record by opponent" }, { "id": "6933781", "text": "1998–99 Manchester United F.C. season The 1998–99 season was the most successful season in the history of Manchester United Football Club. After finishing the previous season without winning any titles, United won a treble of trophies (the Premier League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League), the first side in English football to achieve such a feat. During the campaign United lost only five times, including a one-off Charity Shield fixture, in the League Cup against eventual winners Tottenham Hotspur and their only home defeat, a league match against Middlesbrough in December 1998. A run of 33 games unbeaten in all", "title": "1998–99 Manchester United F.C. season" }, { "id": "266448", "text": "the FA Cup for a 12th time, this being their first major trophy won since the departure of Sir Alex Ferguson. Despite this victory, Van Gaal was sacked as manager just two days later, with José Mourinho appointed in his place on 27 May, signing a three-year contract. That season, United finished in sixth place while winning the EFL Cup for the fifth time and the Europa League for the first time, as well as the FA Community Shield for a record 21st time. Despite not finishing in the top four, United qualified for the Champions League through their Europa", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "3188126", "text": "striker Marcus Rashford and several other players and made several questionable decisions during the match, a result which left United four points off fourth-placed Manchester City. On 21 May 2016, Van Gaal won his first trophy with Manchester United, the FA Cup, when his side defeated Crystal Palace 2–1 after extra time, with Jesse Lingard scoring the winning goal. United matched Arsenal's record of 12 FA Cups. Two days later, Van Gaal and the Dutch members of his staff were sacked by the club. He became the second Manchester United manager after Tommy Docherty to be sacked after winning the", "title": "Louis van Gaal" }, { "id": "266449", "text": "League win. Wayne Rooney scored his 250th goal with United, surpassing Sir Bobby Charlton as United's all-time top scorer, before leaving the club at the end of the season to return to Everton. Mourinho was sacked on 18 December 2018 with United in sixth place, 19 points behind league leaders Liverpool and 11 points outside the Champions League places. The club crest is derived from the Manchester City Council coat of arms, although all that remains of it on the current crest is the ship in full sail. The devil stems from the club's nickname \"The Red Devils\"; it was", "title": "Manchester United F.C." }, { "id": "8084520", "text": "is their most recent major trophy to date. In contrast, Manchester United were left without a major trophy for the first time since the 1988–89 season and were denied the opportunity to become the first club to win the FA Cup nine times. This was the last time that an English manager had won the FA Cup – as well as the last time a club other than Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool or Manchester United had won the FA Cup – until 2008, when Harry Redknapp managed Portsmouth to victory. The trophy was presented to Everton captain Dave Watson by The", "title": "1995 FA Cup Final" }, { "id": "2892795", "text": "air crash, is buried in the same cemetery. Two days after Busby's death, a minute's silence was held at the start of United's home game against Everton in the Premier League. United finished that season as double winners, lifting the league title and FA Cup. In 1999, in securing the treble of Premier League, FA Cup and European Cup, Manchester United won the European Cup on what would have been Sir Matt's 90th birthday - the first time they had won the trophy since Sir Matt's 1968 triumph. Then, in 2008, Manchester United won the Champions League again, 50 years", "title": "Matt Busby" }, { "id": "5402244", "text": "lowest league placing since returning to the top flight in 1975; just five points separated them from the relegation zone. Liverpool were league champions that season for an English record 18th time. With the ban on English clubs in European competitions now lifted after five years, the FA Cup success qualified the team to compete in the 1990–91 European Cup Winners' Cup; Manchester United reached the final, in which the club beat Barcelona 2–1 at De Kuip in Rotterdam, becoming the first English club to win a European trophy since the Heysel disaster had forced English clubs into a five-year", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013)" }, { "id": "6642742", "text": "FA Cups, a Football League Cup and the European Cup Winners' Cup. He was also capped 22 times by England between 1988 and 1996. 2000–01 in English football The 2000–01 season was the 121st season of competitive football in England. Manchester United secured their third Premiership title in succession and their seventh title in just nine seasons. Liverpool became only the second English side to win the League Cup and FA Cup in the same season, also adding the UEFA Cup to make it a unique treble. Fulham reached the Premiership as Division One champions to secure their five-season rise", "title": "2000–01 in English football" }, { "id": "10239276", "text": "of achieving these successes vary considerably. Liverpool built their dominance on a dynasty known as the Anfield Boot Room. The boot room itself was where strategy for future matches was planned, however, it became a breeding ground for future Liverpool managers following the arrival of Bill Shankly in 1959. The original members were Shankly himself, Bob Paisley, Joe Fagan and Reuben Bennett, although the likes of Kenny Dalglish joined later on. Following Shankly's retirement in 1974, having secured eight trophies in 15 years, Bob Paisley stepped into the vacant manager's position and amassed 20 trophies in 9 seasons. Following his", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "7805967", "text": "Football League Cup final. 15 April 1965: A goalless draw in the second leg of the Football League Cup final at Filbert Street gives the trophy to Chelsea. 28 April 1965: Despite losing 2–1 at Aston Villa on the final day of the league season, Manchester United are crowned First Division champions for the sixth time in their history (and the first time since 1957) on goal average ahead of a Leeds United side who have yet to win the top division title. 1 May 1965: Liverpool win the FA Cup for the first time in their history, defeating Leeds", "title": "1964–65 in English football" }, { "id": "6933821", "text": "the benchmark of Manchester United teams. In 2007 \"The Daily Telegraph\" in association with \"World Soccer Magazine\" published a list of the twenty greatest football teams of all time: United were ranked in last position, behind Liverpool's double winners of 1977. Two years later, the \"Daily Mail\" compiled their list of the \"Greatest Teams Of All Time\", ranking Ferguson's achievements at number two, losing out to the 1970 Brazilian national team. The extra-time winner scored by Ryan Giggs in the FA Cup semi-final against Arsenal topped a poll for the best goal in the competition and Channel 4 viewers rated", "title": "1998–99 Manchester United F.C. season" }, { "id": "9522650", "text": "and exposure. The Premier League became the top level of English football, and Division One (later renamed the Football League Championship) fell to the second level. Manchester United were the first Premiership winners, their first title in 26 years, and under Alex Ferguson, they dominated English football during the 1990s, winning five league titles (including two doubles), one League Cup, one Cup Winners' Cup and, in 1999, a unique treble: the FA Cup, League and Champions League all in one season. Their success was made even more remarkable by the high number of players who came up simultaneously through their", "title": "History of football in England" }, { "id": "5402297", "text": "ran away with a record 20th league title, sealing it with a home win against Aston Villa on 22 April 2013. The key factor in United's success was top scorer Robin van Persie, a £25 million close-season signing from Arsenal. The Dutch forward was instrumental throughout the season and he fittingly scored all of United's goals as they won their title-clinching game 3–0. In May 2013, just before the end of the Premier League season, Ferguson announced his retirement as manager of Manchester United after 27 years, with David Moyes of Everton being announced as his successor the next day.", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013)" }, { "id": "5301968", "text": "place, but United reached the FA Cup final again, this time beating Liverpool 2–1 in the final. This result ended Liverpool's chances of completing the treble, as they had already won the Football League title and would win the European Cup just days later. By now, Liverpool were the dominant force in English football, having already won four trophies in three seasons since Bob Paisley succeeded Bill Shankly as manager. The new-look Manchester United side contained impressive young players like Steve Coppell, Sammy McIlroy, Brian Greenhoff, Jimmy Greenhoff, Arthur Albiston and Stuart Pearson. Although goalkeeper Alex Stepney was still with", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1969–86)" }, { "id": "2674746", "text": "been broken. On 24 February, Giggs scored the equalising goal against Fulham in a game which United went on to win via a late Cristiano Ronaldo winner to go nine points clear of Chelsea. On 6 May 2007, with Chelsea only able to manage a 1–1 draw with London rivals Arsenal, Manchester United became the champions of England. In doing so, Giggs set a new record of nine league titles, beating the previous record of eight he shared with Alan Hansen and Phil Neal (who won all of their titles with Liverpool). In the 2007 FA Cup Final, Giggs had", "title": "Ryan Giggs" }, { "id": "3300645", "text": "and League Cup, but was dismissed in 2015 after a poor run of results. He was then appointed at Manchester United in 2016, where he won the FA Community Shield, League Cup and the UEFA Europa League in his first season. He did not win a trophy in his second campaign, and was dismissed in December 2018, midway through his third season at the club. As a manager, Mourinho has won 25 major honours, making him one of the most successful managers of all time. He was named Portuguese Coach of the Century by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF) in", "title": "José Mourinho" }, { "id": "10239289", "text": "to leave. Heinze went public with his request to join Liverpool which was seen as the ultimate betrayal by the Manchester United fans. The Manchester United fans who once chanted \"Argentina\" in honour of the player then turned their backs on him. Heinze was eventually sold to Real Madrid instead. Both Manchester United and Liverpool are among the most popular football clubs (and sporting organisations) globally. Both are in the top 25 in Europe with Manchester United considered to have the largest following of all, as well as having one of the highest average home attendances in Europe and boasting", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "3332830", "text": "man. At the time of his retirement in 2011, he was Manchester United's second longest serving player in the squad, behind long-time teammate Ryan Giggs, and had served as club captain for five years. He is one of the most decorated English and European footballers of all time, having won a total of 20 trophies, including eight Premier League titles and two Champions League titles. Neville made his international debut in 1995 and was first-choice right-back for England for more than ten years, representing the nation at three European Championships and two World Cups. He is England's most-capped right-back with", "title": "Gary Neville" }, { "id": "2674714", "text": "competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He is one of only 25 players to have made over 1,000 career appearances. Giggs is the most decorated player in football history. During his time at United, he won 13 Premier League winner's medals, four FA Cup winner's medals, three League Cup winner's medals, two UEFA Champions League winner's medals, a FIFA Club World Cup winners medal, an Intercontinental Cup winner's medal, a UEFA Super Cup winner's medal and nine FA Community Shield winner's medals. Manchester United and Liverpool are the only clubs in English football history to have won more league championships", "title": "Ryan Giggs" }, { "id": "5402233", "text": "Manchester United's 1998–99 season was the most successful in English club football history as they became the first team to win the Premier League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League – \"The Treble\" – in the same season. Losing 1–0 going into injury time in the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final, Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær scored late goals to claim a dramatic victory over Bayern Munich, in what is considered one of the greatest comebacks of all time. The club also won the Intercontinental Cup after beating Palmeiras 1–0 in Tokyo. Ferguson was subsequently knighted for his services", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013)" }, { "id": "8441499", "text": "previous season, finished fifth and qualified for the UEFA Cup. Burley triumphed over Ferguson, who led Manchester United to their third consecutive championship title, and Liverpool manager Gérard Houllier, who guided his team to three trophies and a berth in the Champions League. Wenger was named the Manager of the Season for 2001–02 after guiding Arsenal to thirteen consecutive wins towards the end of the season – a run which ensured the club regained the Premier League trophy. For winning his eighth Premier League title with Manchester United, Ferguson was given the award in the 2002–03 season. Wenger was the", "title": "Premier League Manager of the Season" }, { "id": "142699", "text": "Hotspur, who went into the Europa League. Between the 1992–93 and the 2017–18 seasons, Premier League clubs won the UEFA Champions League four times (and had six runners-up), behind Spain's La Liga with eleven wins, and Italy's Serie A with five wins; ahead of, among others, Germany's Bundesliga with three wins. The FIFA Club World Cup (originally called the FIFA Club World Championship) has been won once by a Premier League club (Manchester United in 2008), with two runners-up (Liverpool in 2005, Chelsea in 2012), behind Spain's La Liga with six wins, Brazil's Brasileirão with four wins, and Italy's Serie", "title": "Premier League" }, { "id": "7170847", "text": "in a £200,000 transfer to Aston Villa. Aston Villa won the European Super Cup with midfield dynamo Gordon Cowans playing a major part in the win. Manchester United won their first major trophy under Ron Atkinson's management by beating Brighton 4–0 in the FA Cup final replay after a 2–2 draw in the first match. Liverpool won their third successive League Cup as an added bonus for manager Bob Paisley during his final season in charge. When his team prepared to ascend the 39 steps to the Royal Box, they all insisted that he should be the man to collect", "title": "1982–83 in English football" }, { "id": "10239299", "text": "Paisley's nine seasons in charge (during which Liverpool had dominated the English and European scene) before his retirement, and his players allowed him to climb the 39 steps to collect the trophy from the Royal Box. On 4 April 1988, Liverpool were 11 points ahead at the top of the league and almost certain of winning the First Division title with barely a month of the league season remaining. United, in their first full season under the management of Alex Ferguson, were their nearest rivals. The two sides took to the field for a league encounter at Anfield and with", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "id": "18461752", "text": "the 1960s all three would be voted as the winner of the Ballon d'Or, the trophy awarded to the world's best player. Law won in 1964, Charlton in 1966, and Best in 1968. Since then, only Cristiano Ronaldo has won the award while playing for United, winning in 2008. Combined, the players scored 665 goals in 1633 games. Manager Bill Shankly regaled how he once psychologically built up his Liverpool team ahead of a game against United; \"I took the models of Bobby Charlton, Denis Law and George Best off the model pitch and put them in my left-hand pocket.", "title": "United Trinity" }, { "id": "5402289", "text": "in the semi-finals. On 22 April 2007, Cristiano Ronaldo won both PFA Players' Player of the Year and PFA Young Player of the Year and joined Edwin van der Sar, Rio Ferdinand, Gary Neville, Nemanja Vidić, Patrice Evra, Paul Scholes, and Ryan Giggs in the PFA Team of the Year; eight members from the same team is a record. On 6 May, Manchester United won the Premier League for the ninth time in 15 years; Giggs broke Alan Hansen's record for the most league titles won, with his ninth winner's medal. The following season, the club was knocked out of", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013)" }, { "id": "2892767", "text": "Cup Finals, winning one of them. After his playing career was interrupted by the Second World War, Busby was offered the job of assistant coach at Liverpool, but they were unwilling to give him the control over the first team that he wanted. As a result, he took the vacant manager's job at Manchester United instead, where he built the famous Busby Babes team. In a total of 25 years with the club, he won 13 trophies. Busby was born to Alexander and Helen \"Nellie\" Busby (née Greer) in a two-roomed pitman's cottage in the mining village of Orbiston, Bellshill,", "title": "Matt Busby" }, { "id": "2985656", "text": "might not go on to higher education\". \"England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Scholes goal.\" Manchester United England U18 Individual Paul Scholes Paul Scholes ( ; born 16 November 1974) is an English former footballer who played his entire professional career for Manchester United. He is currently co-owner of Salford City and a television pundit for BT Sport. At club level, he won 25 trophies including 11 Premier League titles (more than any other English player) and two Champions League titles. Born in Salford and brought up in Langley, Middleton from infancy, Scholes excelled in both", "title": "Paul Scholes" }, { "id": "249219", "text": "while its first success in the FA Cup was in 1965. In terms of the number of trophies won, Liverpool's most successful decade was the 1980s, when the club won six League titles, two FA Cups, four League Cups, five Charity Shields (one shared) and two European Cups. The club has accumulated more top-flight wins and points than any other English team. Liverpool also has the highest average league finishing position (3.3) for the 50-year period to 2015 and second-highest average league finishing position for the period 1900–1999 after Arsenal, with an average league placing of 8.7. Liverpool has won", "title": "Liverpool F.C." }, { "id": "3878790", "text": "Wrexham remain outside in the Football Conference. There have been several occasions when clubs from the four home nations have played each other in European competition. British teams have won the European Cup 13 times in total, joint with Italy and behind Spain. The UK is also the sovereign state with the most clubs to have won it; (Liverpool (5), Manchester United (3), Nottingham Forest (2), Aston Villa (1), and Chelsea (1), from England, plus Celtic (1) in Scotland). British clubs have also been runners-up on eight occasions (Liverpool (2), Celtic (1), Manchester United (2), Leeds United (1), Arsenal (1)", "title": "Football in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "7747174", "text": "million fee, rising to £9.65 million with add-ons. He established himself in the first team at Villa Park and won the PFA Young Player of the Year award in 2009. On 23 June 2011, Young signed for Manchester United for an undisclosed fee. He has gone on to win every trophy available in English football, winning the FA Community Shield in 2011, the Premier League in 2013, the FA Cup in 2016 and the EFL Cup in 2017. In May 2017, he won European silverware as part of the United squad that lifted the UEFA Europa League. Young represented England", "title": "Ashley Young" }, { "id": "4258744", "text": "1996–97 FA Premier League The 1996–97 FA Premier League (known as the FA Carling Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the fifth season of the competition, since its formation in 1992. The majority of the season was contested by the reigning champions, Manchester United, along with Newcastle United, Arsenal and Liverpool. The title was eventually won by Manchester United, after Liverpool and Newcastle's failure to win in their penultimate games of the season; at 75 points it is the lowest points total for a Premier League champion and lowest since the 3-1-0 points system was introduced in the 1981–82 season. Middlesbrough", "title": "1996–97 FA Premier League" }, { "id": "2892766", "text": "Matt Busby Sir Alexander Matthew Busby, CBE, KCSG (26 May 1909 – 20 January 1994) was a Scottish football player and manager, who managed Manchester United between 1945 and 1969 and again for the second half of the 1970–71 season. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest managers of all time. His managerial records and longevity at the helm of Manchester United are surpassed only by Sir Alex Ferguson. Before going into management, Busby was a player for two of Manchester United's greatest rivals, Manchester City and Liverpool. During his time at City, Busby played in two FA", "title": "Matt Busby" }, { "id": "142441", "text": "Chelsea (2010). In 1993, Arsenal became the first side to win both the FA Cup and the League Cup in the same season when they beat Sheffield Wednesday 2–1 in both finals. Liverpool (in 2001) and Chelsea (in 2007) have since repeated this feat. In 2012, Chelsea accomplished a different cup double consisting of the FA Cup and the 2012 Champions League. In 1998–99, Manchester United added the 1999 Champions League title to their league and cup double to complete a unique Treble. Two years later, in 2000–01, Liverpool won the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup to complete", "title": "FA Cup" }, { "id": "10209604", "text": "Cup was not held from 1980 to 1998, but was reintroduced as a reserve team tournament for the six professional clubs, typically in round-robin format with a final usually held at the end of the season in early May. Manchester United has won the tournament 33 times, (most recently in 2014), followed by Manchester City's reserve team with 21 victories (most recently in 2010). Manchester Senior Cup The Manchester FA Senior Cup (originally known as the Manchester Cup) is an annual football tournament held between the clubs of the Manchester Football Association which was first played in 1885. The first", "title": "Manchester Senior Cup" }, { "id": "5402240", "text": "seasons' final quarter. The champions this time were Arsenal, who had re-emerged as a leading force in the English game since the appointment of former United player George Graham as manager, while Liverpool finished runners-up in the league but won the FA Cup, and Brian Clough's Nottingham Forest finished third and won the League Cup. More worryingly, United finished below the likes of Norwich City, Coventry City and Millwall. Ferguson responded that summer by strengthening his squad with expensive signings in the shape of midfielders Neil Webb and Mike Phelan, followed by a club record £2.3 million signing of defender", "title": "History of Manchester United F.C. (1986–2013)" }, { "id": "13252048", "text": "season), United started their European campaign for 2016–17 in the Europa League for the first time since 1995–96. United won the competition after defeating AFC Ajax 2–0 in the final, giving them their first win of the competition and becoming the fifth club to win all three of UEFA's major titles. Manchester United F.C. in European football Manchester United Football Club is an English football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. They were the first English club to enter European competition, entering the European Cup in 1956. Since then, the club has competed in every UEFA-organised competition, with the", "title": "Manchester United F.C. in European football" }, { "id": "16238518", "text": "side Liverpool have tied with most in league competition. The team most often beaten by Liverpool in league competition are Aston Villa; the Anfield club have beaten them 87 times out of 182 meetings. Manchester United have recorded the most league victories over Liverpool, with 68 wins. \"Statistics correct as of match played 16 December 2018.\" General Specific Liverpool F.C. league record by opponent Liverpool Football Club is an English association football club based in Liverpool, Merseyside, which competes in the top tier of English football, for the 2018–19 season. The club was formed in 1892 following a disagreement between", "title": "Liverpool F.C. league record by opponent" }, { "id": "14464316", "text": "first signing of the transfer window in Jordan Henderson from Sunderland for £16 million. 10 June 2011: Newcastle United made their first signing Yohan Cabaye from Lille for an undisclosed fee. 13 June 2011: Manchester United made their first signing Phil Jones from Blackburn Rovers for an undisclosed fee. 23 June 2011: Manchester United sign midfielder Ashley Young from Aston Villa for an undisclosed fee. 29 June 2011: Manchester United sign Spanish goalkeeper David de Gea from Atlético Madrid for £18.9 million. Manchester United won their 12th Premier League title and their 19th championship overall, beating Liverpool's record of 18", "title": "2010–11 in English football" }, { "id": "23546", "text": "won the Premier League since its formation in 1992. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, with 13. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup \"Doubles\" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "id": "534494", "text": "title and thus overtaking Liverpool's record of 18. Manchester United faced Barcelona again on 28 May 2011 in the 2011 Champions League final, their third in four years, but United lost 3–1. Analyst Alan Hansen stated that he believed Ferguson was \"the key component\" in United's success that season, so key in fact that \"[he] would have claimed the crown with any of the other top sides had he been in charge of them\". With Edwin van der Sar, Gary Neville and Paul Scholes all retiring in 2011, Ferguson spent big by signing defender Phil Jones from Blackburn and winger", "title": "Alex Ferguson" }, { "id": "7131507", "text": "and two ahead of Everton and Arsenal. Manchester United and Aston Villa have both climbed out of the bottom two, ahead of Newcastle United, Manchester City and Chelsea. Portsmouth are now leaders of the Second Division, a point ahead of Oldham Athletic. Leeds United, Plymouth Argyle and Sunderland occupy the playoff places. 1 November 1986 – Paul Walsh scores a hat-trick for Liverpool in their 6–2 home league win over Norwich City. 6 November 1986 – Ron Atkinson is sacked after five years as manager of Manchester United, who are second from bottom in the First Division and were eliminated", "title": "1986–87 in English football" }, { "id": "6933819", "text": "remarked that United were \"lucky\" to win the final. Manchester United became the first English team to win the European Cup (first in its Champions League format), since Liverpool took the title in 1984 defeating Roma on penalties. The club also fittingly won on the date of Sir Matt Busby's 90th birthday. Almost 24 hours after the dramatics in Barcelona, a crowd of 500,000 people turned up on the streets of Manchester to greet the United players, who paraded through the city in an open-top bus. As champions of Europe, Manchester United were invited to play in the Intercontinental Cup", "title": "1998–99 Manchester United F.C. season" }, { "id": "8128855", "text": "1962–63 in English football The 1962–63 season was the 83rd season of competitive football in England. Everton won the League Championship, their first post-war title. Manchester United won the FA Cup, their first major trophy since the Munich Air Disaster in 1958. Birmingham City won the League Cup. Tottenham Hotspur won the European Cup Winners' Cup, thereby becoming the first English side to win a European cup competition. Oxford United were elected to the Football League to replace the defunct Accrington Stanley, who had resigned from the league the previous season. Much of the season was postponed for several months", "title": "1962–63 in English football" }, { "id": "8128866", "text": "1962–63 in English football The 1962–63 season was the 83rd season of competitive football in England. Everton won the League Championship, their first post-war title. Manchester United won the FA Cup, their first major trophy since the Munich Air Disaster in 1958. Birmingham City won the League Cup. Tottenham Hotspur won the European Cup Winners' Cup, thereby becoming the first English side to win a European cup competition. Oxford United were elected to the Football League to replace the defunct Accrington Stanley, who had resigned from the league the previous season. Much of the season was postponed for several months", "title": "1962–63 in English football" }, { "id": "10239277", "text": "retirement, Joe Fagan took over and in the first of two seasons at the club, won a treble of trophies. Kenny Dalglish, while not an original member, was accepted into the group as the next in line for the role of manager, and he combined it with his playing duties to win Liverpool 10 trophies. The boot room connection was finally broken in 1991, 32 years after Shankly's arrival, with the appointment of Graeme Souness, who actually demolished the boot room itself to make way for a press room. It did still manage to produce a final Liverpool manager in", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" } ]	who has won the most trophies man utd or liverpool
[ "Ananias" ]	[ { "id": "327750", "text": "Ananias of Damascus arrived, he laid his hands on him and said: \"Brother Saul, the Lord, \"[even]\" Jesus, that appeared unto thee in the way as thou camest, hath sent me, that thou mightest receive thy sight, and be filled with the Holy Ghost.\" His sight was restored, he got up and was baptized. This story occurs only in Acts, not in the Pauline epistles. The author of Acts of the Apostles may have learned of Paul's conversion from the church in Jerusalem, or from the church in Antioch, or possibly from Paul himself. In the opening verses of ,", "title": "Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "9588865", "text": "Acts says that Paul was on his way from Jerusalem to Syrian Damascus with a mandate issued by the High Priest to seek out and arrest followers of Jesus, with the intention of returning them to Jerusalem as prisoners for questioning and possible execution. The journey is interrupted when Paul sees a blinding light, and communicates directly with a divine voice. The account continues with a description of Ananias of Damascus receiving a divine revelation instructing him to visit Saul at the house of Judas on the Street Called Straight and there lay hands on him to restore his sight", "title": "Conversion of Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "381564", "text": "Saul Saul (; , meaning \"asked for, prayed for\"), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood. Saul's life and reign are described in the Hebrew Bible. He was anointed by the prophet Samuel and reigned from Gibeah. He fell on his sword (committing suicide) to avoid capture in the battle against the Philistines at Mount Gilboa, during which three of his sons were also killed. The succession to his throne was contested", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "381602", "text": "Theology and Religion, Durham University, UK recommends caution in offering any diagnoses in relation to people who lived millennia ago. Saul Saul (; , meaning \"asked for, prayed for\"), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood. Saul's life and reign are described in the Hebrew Bible. He was anointed by the prophet Samuel and reigned from Gibeah. He fell on his sword (committing suicide) to avoid capture in the battle against the", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "367518", "text": "hands and side. Beside the Sea of Galilee he encouraged Peter to serve his followers. His final gospel appearance is reported as being forty days after the resurrection when he was \"carried up\" into heaven where he sits on the right hand of God. At a later time, on the road to Damascus, Saul of Tarsus, then the arch-persecutor of the early disciples, was converted to Christ following an extraordinary vision and discourse with Jesus which left him blind for three days. (Saul later became known as Paul the Apostle.) He became one of Christianity's foremost missionaries and theologians. New", "title": "Resurrection of Jesus" }, { "id": "327736", "text": "to both Jewish and Roman audiences. According to writings in the New Testament and prior to his conversion, Paul was dedicated to persecuting the early disciples of Jesus in the area of Jerusalem. In the narrative of the Acts of the Apostles (often referred to simply as Acts), Paul was traveling on the road from Jerusalem to Damascus on a mission to \"arrest them and bring them back to Jerusalem\" when the resurrected Jesus appeared to him in a great light. He was struck blind, but after three days his sight was restored by Ananias of Damascus and Paul began", "title": "Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "20537964", "text": "Christians throughout the Holy Land until the day he rode for Damascus with his brethren. He became blinded by God and heard His voice asking why Saul persecuted Him. This event along with Saul's meeting Ananias, a disciple of Christ, humbles Saul so deeply that he repents of his actions. Ananias restores Saul's sight and baptizes him in the name of the Lord, which leads to Saul rejecting his former name and becoming Paul. Mauritius, having heard about Paul's reputation as a preacher and miracle worker, speaks with Paul and relays his concerns that his daughter is dying. Paul suggests", "title": "Paul, Apostle of Christ" }, { "id": "4864843", "text": "Ananias of Damascus Ananias ( ; , same as Hebrew חנניה, Hananiah, \"favoured of the \") was a disciple of Jesus at Damascus mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles in the Bible, which describes how he was sent by Jesus to restore the sight of \"Saul, of Tarsus\" (known later as Paul the Apostle) and provide him with additional instruction in the way of the Lord. According to , Ananias was living in Damascus. In Paul's speech in Acts 22, he describes Ananias as \"a devout man according to the law, having a good report of all the Jews\"", "title": "Ananias of Damascus" }, { "id": "4864847", "text": "martyred in Eleutheropolis. In the 2004 edition of the Roman Martyrology, Ananias is listed under 25 January as a saint commemorated on the same day as the Feast of the Conversion of St Paul. Ananias of Damascus Ananias ( ; , same as Hebrew חנניה, Hananiah, \"favoured of the \") was a disciple of Jesus at Damascus mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles in the Bible, which describes how he was sent by Jesus to restore the sight of \"Saul, of Tarsus\" (known later as Paul the Apostle) and provide him with additional instruction in the way of the", "title": "Ananias of Damascus" }, { "id": "381569", "text": "lyre, tambourine, and flutes. Saul encounters the ecstatic prophets and joins them. Later, Saul sends men to pursue David, but when they meet a group of ecstatic prophets playing music, they become possessed by a \"prophetic state\" and join in. Saul sends more men, but they too join the prophets. Eventually Saul himself goes, and also joins the prophets. (). After relieving the siege of Jabesh-Gilead, Saul conducts military campaigns against the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Aram Rehob and the kings of Zobah, the Philistines, and the Amalekites (). A biblical summary states that \"wherever he turned, he was victorious\". In", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "381568", "text": "Mephibosheth had a young son, Micah (), who had four sons and descendants named until the ninth generation (). The First Book of Samuel gives three accounts of Saul's rise to the throne in three successive chapters: André Lemaire finds the third account probably the most reliable tradition. The Pulpit Commentary distinguishes between a private and a public selection process. Having been anointed by Samuel, Saul is told of signs indicating that he has been divinely appointed. The last of these is that Saul will be met by an ecstatic group of prophets leaving a \"high place\" and playing the", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "327749", "text": "he reported having experienced a vision of the resurrected Jesus. The account says that \"he fell to the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?\" Saul replied, \"Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: \"[it is]\" hard for thee to kick against the pricks (goads).\" According to the account in , he was blinded for three days and had to be led into Damascus by the hand. During these three days, Saul took no food or water and spent his time in prayer to God. When", "title": "Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "385193", "text": "David, when the jealous Saul first tried to have him killed. Samuel is described in the biblical narrative as being buried in Ramah. Some time after his death, Saul had the Witch of Endor conjure Samuel's ghost in order to predict the result of an up-coming battle. This passage is ascribed by textual scholars to the Republican Source. Classical rabbinical sources say that Samuel was terrified by the ordeal, having expected to be appearing to face God's judgment, and had, therefore, brought Moses with him (to the land of the living) as a witness to his adherence to the mitzvot.", "title": "Samuel" }, { "id": "381565", "text": "by Ish-bosheth, his only surviving son, and his son-in-law David, who eventually prevailed. According to the Hebrew text of the Bible Saul was one year old when he came to the throne and reigned for two years, but scholars generally agree that the text is faulty and that a reign of twenty or twenty-two years is more probable. The biblical accounts of Saul's life are found in the Books of Samuel: According to the Tanakh, Saul was the son of Kish, of the family of the Matrites, and a member of the tribe of Benjamin, one of the twelve Tribes", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "19157860", "text": "found in column 10. The additional passage from the Samuel scroll has been integrated by the translators of the New Revised Standard Version. This version is the first of its kind to do so. [NRSV] 10:26 Saul also went to his home at Gibeah, and with him went men of valor whose hearts God had touched. But some worthless fellows said, \"How can this man save us?\" And they despised him and brought him no present. But he held his peace. Now Nahash, king of the Ammonites, had been grievously oppressing the Gadites and the Reubenites. He would gouge out", "title": "The Samuel Scroll" }, { "id": "19157858", "text": "the Masoretic Text (MT) and Septuagint (LXX), Saul returns home and a month following, Nahash the Ammonite declares that he will only make a treaty with the people of Jabesh-gilead if he can gouge out everyone’s right eye. This cruel and strange punishment seems out of place within the text. For punishment of this kind was meant for those who discretely or violently rebelled 10:26 Saul also went to his home at Gibeah, and with him went men of valor whose hearts God had touched. But some worthless fellows said, \"How can this man save us?\" And they despised him", "title": "The Samuel Scroll" }, { "id": "13925627", "text": "Healing the two blind men in Galilee Jesus healing two blind men is a miracle attributed to Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew. According to the Gospel account, as Jesus continues his journey after raising the daughter of Jairus, two blind men follow him, calling out, \"Have mercy on us, Son of David!\" When he had gone indoors, the blind men come to him, and he asks : \"Do you believe that I am able to do this?\" They reply, \"Yes, Lord\". He then touches their eyes, and says, \"According to your faith let it be done to you\"; and", "title": "Healing the two blind men in Galilee" }, { "id": "426916", "text": "Thomas the Apostle Thomas the Apostle (; ; \"Thoma Shliha\"; also called Didymus which means \"the twin\") was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, according to the New Testament. Thomas is informally referred to as \"Doubting Thomas\" because he doubted Jesus' resurrection when first told (in the Gospel of John account only), followed later by his confession of faith, \"My Lord and my God,\" on seeing Jesus' wounded body. Traditionally, Thomas is believed to have travelled outside the Roman Empire to preach the Gospel, travelling as far as Tamilakam which are the states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in", "title": "Thomas the Apostle" }, { "id": "381580", "text": "his own sword. In 2 Samuel, an Amalekite tells David he found Saul leaning on his spear after the battle and delivered the \"coup de grâce\". David has the Amalekite put to death for accusing himself of killing the anointed king. The victorious Philistines recover Saul's body as well as those of his three sons who also died in the battle, decapitated them and displayed them on the wall of Beth-shan. They display Saul's armour in the temple of Ashtaroth (an Ascalonian temple of the Canaanites). But at night the inhabitants of Jabesh-Gilead retrieve the bodies for cremation and burial", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "8635175", "text": "seventh reading (, \"aliyah\"), Moses went up from the steppes of Moab to Mount Nebo, and God showed him the whole land. God told Moses that this was the land that God had sworn to assign to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. So Moses the servant of God died there, in the land of Moab, at God's command, and God buried him in the valley in the land of Moab, near Beth-peor, although no one knew his burial place. Moses was 120 years old when he died, but his eyes were undimmed and his vigor unabated. The Israelites", "title": "V'Zot HaBerachah" }, { "id": "7681751", "text": "includes the conversion of Saul of Tarsus (the Apostle Paul). After Christ had told Saul to enter Damascus where Saul would be told what he \"must\" do, Saul was blind for three days and was praying during this time. Ananias arrived, cured Paul of his blindness and baptized Saul. Others see it as an example of apparently instantaneous salvation coming through repentance without water baptism or any kind of work, citing the assurance Jesus gave to the penitent thief on a cross next to him during the crucifixion. An opposing position here is that the penitent thief was dying under", "title": "Sinner's prayer" }, { "id": "11646527", "text": "Philistines. The Pythoness raises the ghost of the prophet Samuel, who predicts that Saul will lose everything: his children, his friends and his crown. David has been banished by the jealous Saul and has taken refuge with the Philistines. He returns to the Philistine camp from a victory. A chorus of warriors, shepherds and captives he has freed sing his praises. David only wishes that, whatever may come, his best friend Jonathan (Saul's son) should be spared. The Philistine king tells David that a truce has been arranged between the Philistines and Saul to discuss whether there shall be peace", "title": "David et Jonathas" }, { "id": "3281326", "text": "Prayer to Saint Joseph The following are Roman Catholic prayers to Saint Joseph. Joseph, the silent man of the Gospels, is in the line of the great men of faith of the Old Testament. He is described as a \"just man\", a righteous man of integrity. He is in the tradition of Abraham who was called by God to \"walk before my face and be upright (Gen: 17.1);and of Moses who was told to be \"entirely sincere\", \"entirely faithful\" (Deut: 18.13). For centuries his place in the story of Jesus was comparatively unnoticed. Gradually, in Catholic tradition, he was recognised", "title": "Prayer to Saint Joseph" }, { "id": "55668", "text": "Easton, in his Bible Dictionary, supposes that they had been fellow students in the school of Gamaliel. The successful preaching of Christianity at Antioch to non-Jews led the church at Jerusalem to send Barnabas there to oversee the movement (Acts 11:20–22). He found the work so extensive and weighty that he went to Tarsus in search of Paul (still referred to as Saul), \"an admirable colleague\", to assist him. Paul returned with him to Antioch and labored with him for a whole year (Acts 11:25–26). At the end of this period, the two were sent up to Jerusalem (44 AD)", "title": "Barnabas" }, { "id": "5654761", "text": "prescribed period ended, Radziwill was penniless in the city of Padua, Italy. He pleaded for help, but his claims of being a noble fell on deaf ears. Radziwiłł decided to appeal to Samuel Judah Katzenellenbogen, the rabbi of Padua. Katzenellenbogen treated him kindly and provided him with the means to return to Lithuania. To allow Radziwiłł to repay the favor, Shmuel asked that he help find his son Saul, who years before had left to study in a yeshiva in Poland. When Radziwiłł visited Poland, he inquired at all \"yeshivas\" until he found Saul in Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus). Radziwiłł", "title": "Saul Wahl" }, { "id": "8562752", "text": "a sinful man; but may he who has deigned to visit you act in accordance with your faith and open you eyes\".\" The tale continues that when he prayed for Felix his sight was restored. When news of the miracle reached the Vandal king, Huneric is said to have unsuccessfully tried to kill Felix. Eugenius of Carthage Saint Eugenius of Carthage was a Christian saint, unanimously elected Bishop of Carthage in 480 to succeed St. Deogratias of Carthage (died 456). He was caught up in the disputes of his day between Arianism and mainstream Christianity. [See Article page: Carthage (episcopal", "title": "Eugenius of Carthage" }, { "id": "381567", "text": "At David's request Abner had Michal returned to David. Ish-bosheth reigned for two years, but after the death of Abner, was killed by two of his own captains (). Armoni and Mephibosheth (Saul's sons with his concubine, Rizpah) were given by David along with the five sons of Merab (Saul's daughter) to the Gibeonites, who killed them. () Michal was childless (). The only male descendant of Saul to survive was Mephibosheth, Jonathan's lame son (), who was five years old at the time of his father's and grandfather's deaths. In time, he came under the protection of David ().", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "381598", "text": "(Moses). God appointed Talut as their King. Saul was distinguished by the greatness of his knowledge and of his physique; it was a sign of his role as King that God brought back the Ark of the Covenant for Israel. Talut tested his people at a river; whoever drank from it would not follow him in battle excepting one who takes [from it] in the hollow of his hand. Many drank but only the faithful ventured on. In the battle, however, David slew Goliath and was made the subsequent King of Israel. The Qur'anic account differs from the Biblical account", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "15999296", "text": "their ears, and rushed at him. They dragged him out of the city and stoned him, but the holy martyr prayed for his murderers.\" The people from the crowd, who threw the first stones, laid their coats down so as to be able to do this, at the feet of a \"young man named Saul\". However, according to the \"Aramaic Bible in Plain English\" and the \"Weymouth New Testament\" Acts 22:20, St. Paul, earlier known as Saul admits he was not only standing by, he was \"holding\" the garments of those stoning St. Stephen. This has significance. The possible reason", "title": "Saint Stephen" }, { "id": "13925629", "text": "Jesus as the Messiah. Healing the two blind men in Galilee Jesus healing two blind men is a miracle attributed to Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew. According to the Gospel account, as Jesus continues his journey after raising the daughter of Jairus, two blind men follow him, calling out, \"Have mercy on us, Son of David!\" When he had gone indoors, the blind men come to him, and he asks : \"Do you believe that I am able to do this?\" They reply, \"Yes, Lord\". He then touches their eyes, and says, \"According to your faith let it be", "title": "Healing the two blind men in Galilee" }, { "id": "2979920", "text": "been preserved in inscriptions, it never supplanted the ancient one in popular use. According to the biblical \"Acts of the Apostles\", after landing at Salamis and proclaiming the Word of God in the synagogues, the prophets and teachers, Barnabas and Saul of Tarsus, traveled along the entire southern coast of the island of Cyprus until they reached Paphos. There, Sergius Paulus, the Roman proconsul, was converted after Saul rebuked the Sorcerer Elymas. In Paphos, Acts first identifies Saul as Paul. Tacitus (\"Hist.\" ii. 2, 3) records a visit of the youthful Titus to Paphos before he acceded to the empire,", "title": "Paphos" }, { "id": "381593", "text": "how they should slay cattle (cf 1 Samuel 14:34). As a reward for this, God himself gave Saul a sword on the day of battle, since no other sword suitable for him was found (ibid 13:22). Saul's attitude toward David finds its excuse in the fact that his courtiers were all tale-bearers, and slandered David to him (Deut. Rashi 5:10); and in like manner he was incited by Doeg against the priests of Nob (1 Samuel 22:16–19; Yalq., Sam. 131)—this act was forgiven him, however, and a heavenly voice (\"bat qol\") was heard, proclaiming: \"Saul is the chosen one of", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "16198637", "text": "where Samuel supervised a community of prophets and to which David escaped from Saul. Saul sent a series of messengers to Naioth intending for them to capture David and kill him, but instead, each of them started prophesying. In anger, Saul rose to do it himself, but he also found himself prophesying. This event gave rise to the proverb, \"Is Saul among the prophets?\" Naioth Naioth was a biblical place located in Ramah. The prophet Samuel and the anointed one David took refuge together there after David's escape from the jealous anger of King Saul. The word may mean \"living", "title": "Naioth" }, { "id": "7272868", "text": "Manahen Manahen (also Manaen or Menachem) was a teacher in the first century Christian Church at Antioch who had been 'brought up' (, \"syntrophos\", Vulgate: \"collactaneus\") with Herod Antipas. Little is known of Manahen's life. According to the Acts of the Apostles he was one of the prophets and teachers who, under the influence of the Holy Spirit, laid hands upon Saul and Barnabas and sent the two apostles on the first of Paul's missionary journeys (). He is said to have been 'brought up' with Herod the tetrarch. Many biblical translations describe him as Herod's 'foster brother' or as", "title": "Manahen" }, { "id": "17693177", "text": "Restoration of Peter The Restoration of Peter (also known as the Re-commissioning of Peter) is an incident described in John 21 of the New Testament in which Jesus appeared to his disciples after his resurrection, and spoke to Peter in particular. Jesus restored Peter to fellowship after Peter had previously denied him, and told Peter to feed Jesus' sheep. Jesus rose from the dead and appeared to his disciples. The Gospel of John records a number of such appearances: to Mary Magdalene, to the disciples not including Thomas, and then to the disciples including Thomas. This episode is thus part", "title": "Restoration of Peter" }, { "id": "5882417", "text": "\"someone of the house of Saul, to whom I may show the kindness of God\" and Mephibosheth was brought to him. David restored Saul's inheritance to Mephibosheth and permitted him to live within his palace in Jerusalem. The Hebrew name is \"Mefivoshet\", meaning \"from the mouth of shame\" or \"from the mouth of god Bashtu\", or Merib-baal (\"Bib\" Heb: , Trans: \"Meriv-Ba'al\", \"Mərîḇ-Báʻal\"). Mephibosheth According to the Books of Samuel of the Tanakh, Mephibosheth was the son of Jonathan, grandson of King Saul and father of Mica or Micha. According to the biblical narrative (), Mephibosheth was five years old", "title": "Mephibosheth" }, { "id": "4864844", "text": "that dwelt in Damascus (). According to F. F. Bruce, this indicates that he was not one of the refugees from the persecution in Jerusalem described in . During his conversion experience, Jesus had told Paul (who was then called Saul) to go into the city and wait. Jesus later spoke to Ananias in a vision, and told him to go to the \"street which is called Straight\", and ask \"in the house of Judas for \"one\" called Saul, of Tarsus\". () Ananias objected that Saul had been persecuting \"thy saints\", but the Lord told him that Saul was \"a", "title": "Ananias of Damascus" }, { "id": "11140411", "text": "Kathir, after Ezra questioned how the resurrection will take place on the Day of judgment, God had him brought back to life many years after he died. He rode on his revived donkey and entered his native place. But the people did not recognize him, nor did his household, except the maid, who was now an old blind woman. He prayed to God to cure her blindness and she could see again. He meets his son who recognized him by a mole between his shoulders and was older than he was. Ezra then led the people to locate the only", "title": "Uzair" }, { "id": "381571", "text": "that he had broken an oath of which he was not aware, but was nevertheless liable for its breach, until popular intervention allowed Jonathan to be saved from death on account of his victory over the Philistines. Saul planned a military action against the Philistines. Samuel said that he would arrive in seven days to perform the requisite rites. When a week passed with no word of Samuel, and with the Israelites growing restless, Saul prepares for battle by offering sacrifices. Samuel arrives just as Saul is finishing sacrificing and reprimands Saul for not obeying his instructions. Later Samuel instructs", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "5882416", "text": "Mephibosheth According to the Books of Samuel of the Tanakh, Mephibosheth was the son of Jonathan, grandson of King Saul and father of Mica or Micha. According to the biblical narrative (), Mephibosheth was five years old when both his father and grandfather died at the Battle of Mount Gilboa. After the deaths of Saul and Jonathan, Mephibosheth's nurse took him and fled in panic. In her haste, the child fell, or was dropped while fleeing. After that, he was unable to walk. Some years later, after his accession to the kingship of the United Monarchy, King David sought out", "title": "Mephibosheth" }, { "id": "327751", "text": "Paul provides a litany of his own apostolic appointment to preach among the Gentiles and his post-conversion convictions about the risen Christ. Paul is critical both theologically and empirically of claims of moral or lineal superiority of Jews while conversely strongly sustaining the notion of a special place for the Children of Israel. There are debates as to whether Paul understood himself as commissioned to take the gospel to the Gentiles at the moment of his conversion. After his conversion, Paul went to Damascus, where Acts 9 states he was healed of his blindness and baptized by Ananias of Damascus.", "title": "Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "7132392", "text": "on Yom Kippur. On that day, Moses asked God (in the words of ) \"Show me, I pray, Your Glory.\" God told Moses that Moses was not able to see God's Glory lest he die, as reports God said, \"men shall not see Me and live,\" but for the sake of God's oath to Moses, God agreed to do as Moses asked. God instructed Moses to stand at the entrance of a cave, and God would cause all God's angels to pass before Moses. God told Moses to stand his ground, and not to fear, as reports, \"And He said,", "title": "Ki Tissa" }, { "id": "14170175", "text": "his old religion in favour of Christianity. Barnabas is traditionally identified as the founder of the Cypriot Orthodox Church. Damascus is the capital of Syria and claims to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world. According to the New Testament, the Apostle Paul was converted on the Road to Damascus. In the three accounts (, , ), he is described as being led by those he was traveling with, blinded by the light, to Damascus where his sight was restored by a disciple called Ananias (who, according to the Catholic Encyclopedia, is thought to have been the first", "title": "Early centers of Christianity" }, { "id": "11194051", "text": "Jose ben Saul Jose ben Saul was a Jewish rabbi who lived in Galilee in the third century CE. He is considered an amora of the first generation after the codification of the Mishnah. Jose is known chiefly as a transmitter of the sayings and traditions of the patriarch Judah ha-Nasi, whose disciple he was. These as well as his own sayings are further transmitted by Joshua ben Levi and by Hiyya ben Gamda. In one place the following order is given: Simon ben Pazzi says in the name of Joshua ben Levi in the name of Rabbi Jose ben", "title": "Jose ben Saul" }, { "id": "11901023", "text": "the period of punishment should be shortened, and his prayer was granted. When Nebuchadnezzar was dying he wished to include Daniel among his heirs, but Daniel refused the honour, saying that he could not leave the inheritance of his forefathers for that of the uncircumcised. Daniel also restored the sight of king Darius, who had wrongly thrown the pious Daniel into prison on false charges, upon which many converted to Judaism. The New Testament makes one reference to Daniel at Matthew 24:15, which asserts that Jesus recognised Daniel as a prophet of God. He is commemorated in the Coptic Church", "title": "Daniel (biblical figure)" }, { "id": "381581", "text": "(). Later on, David takes the bones of Saul and of his son Jonathan and buries them in Zela, in the tomb of his father (). The account in 1 Chronicles summarises by stating that: There are several textual or narrative issues in the text, including the aforementioned conflicting accounts of Saul's rise to kingship and his death, as well as plays on words, that biblical scholars have discussed. The birth-narrative of the prophet Samuel is found at 1 Samuel 1–28. It describes how Samuel's mother Hannah requests a son from Yahweh, and dedicates the child to God at the", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "14599971", "text": "back to John through the messengers to take note of all the miraculous works he has done as described in Luke 7:22. According to the Gospel of Matthew: When John heard in prison what Christ was doing, he sent his disciples to ask him, \"Are you the one who was to come, or should we expect someone else?\" Jesus replied, \"Go back and report to John what you hear and see: The blind receive sight, the lame walk, those who have leprosy are cured, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the good news is preached to the poor.", "title": "Messengers from John the Baptist" }, { "id": "327741", "text": "he was a Roman citizen. As a Roman citizen, he also bore the Latin name of \"Paul\"—in biblical Greek: Παῦλος (\"Paulos\"), and in Latin: Paulus. It was typical for the Jews of that time to have two names, one Hebrew, the other Latin or Greek. Jesus called him \"Saul, Saul\" in \"the Hebrew tongue\" in the book of Acts, when he had the vision which led to his conversion on the Road to Damascus. Later, in a vision to Ananias of Damascus, \"the Lord\" referred to him as \"Saul, of Tarsus\". When Ananias came to restore his sight, he called", "title": "Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "8226048", "text": "the land of deep darkness a light has dawned.\") may have coincided with the coronation of Hezekiah and looked toward the deliverance of the Israelites living in the northern provinces. According to Jewish tradition, the salvation of which he speaks is the miraculous end of Sennacherib's siege of Jerusalem (see Isaiah 36 and 37) in the days of the \"Prince of Peace\", King Hezekiah, a son of King Ahaz. Matthew cites the messianic oracle, when Jesus began his ministry in Galilee: \"And leaving Nazareth, He came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is by the sea, in the regions of Zebulun", "title": "Old Testament messianic prophecies quoted in the New Testament" }, { "id": "8299734", "text": "against the assembled forces of the Philistines. He receives no answer from dreams, prophets, or the Urim and Thummim. Having driven out all necromancers and magicians from Israel, Saul searches for a witch anonymously and in disguise. His search leads him to a woman of Endor, who claims that she can see the ghost of the deceased prophet Samuel rising from the abode of the dead. The voice of the prophet's ghost at first frightens the witch of Endor, and after complaining of being disturbed, berates Saul for disobeying God, and predicts Saul's downfall. The spirit reiterates a pre-mortem prophecy", "title": "Women in the Bible" }, { "id": "13923715", "text": "Healing the man blind from birth The miracle of healing the man born blind is one of the miracles of Jesus in the Gospels. According to the Gospel of John, 9:1–12, Jesus saw a man who had been blind since birth. His disciples asked him, \"Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind?\" Jesus replied: Neither this man nor his parents sinned,\" said Jesus, \"but this happened so that the works of God might be displayed in him. As long as it is day, we must do the works of him who sent me. Night", "title": "Healing the man blind from birth" }, { "id": "11102385", "text": "As they are heading to fight, God tells Gideon to send away those who are homesick or afraid of dying. Because the army is still large enough to credit its own strength for victory, God tells Gideon to observe the drinking habits of his troops at the river. God says to send those who do not drink with their hands, but lap the water directly like a dog, back to their homes. The remaining Israelites go on to victory. In 2:246-248 of the Quran, God chooses Talut (generally considered to be Saul) to lead the Israelites into battle against the", "title": "Biblical and Quranic narratives" }, { "id": "11194052", "text": "Saul in the name of Judah ha-Nasi in the name of the holy assembly of Jerusalem. The Jerusalem Talmud has preserved only one anecdote of his in the Aramaic. His brothers were Johanan ben Saul and Halafta ben Saul, with the former of whom he used to hold halakhic controversies. Jose ben Saul Jose ben Saul was a Jewish rabbi who lived in Galilee in the third century CE. He is considered an amora of the first generation after the codification of the Mishnah. Jose is known chiefly as a transmitter of the sayings and traditions of the patriarch Judah", "title": "Jose ben Saul" }, { "id": "9537138", "text": "receives, and David flees to escape the king's anger. David and Abishai come upon Saul's camp when all are asleep. David takes Saul's spear and water container to show he has been by the king but has not harmed him. He shouts from the hilltop to arouse the camp and pleads for reconciliation, but this is forestalled by the arrival of Samuel, who before dying anoints David the new king of Israel. Saul's jealousy flares again, and David flees with Michal. Saul and Abner prevail upon the Witch of Endor to raise Samuel's spirit from the dead. Saul beseeches Samuel", "title": "Saul og David" }, { "id": "262161", "text": "the Quran, Moses encourages the Israelites to enter Canaan, but they are unwilling to fight the Canaanites, fearing certain defeat. Moses responds by pleading to Allah that he and his brother Aaron be separated from the rebellious Israelites. After which the Israelites are made to wander for 40 years. According to Islamic tradition, Moses is buried at Maqam El-Nabi Musa, Jericho. Moses is one of the most important of God's messengers in the Bahá'í Faith being designated a Manifestation of God. An epithet of Moses in Baha'i scriptures is the One Who Conversed with God. Important figures in the Baha’i", "title": "Moses" }, { "id": "5429466", "text": "Bilal ibn Rabah Bilal ibn Rabah (‎; 580–640 AD) also known as Bilal al-Habashi, Bilal ibn Riyah, and ibn Rabah), was one of the most trusted and loyal \"Sahabah\" (companions) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was born in Mecca and is considered as the first muezzin, chosen by Muhammad himself. He was known for his beautiful voice with which he called people to their prayers. He died in 640, at the age of 57. Bilal ibn Rabah was born in Mecca in the Hejaz in the year 580 AD. His father Rabah was an Arab slave from the clan", "title": "Bilal ibn Rabah" }, { "id": "20215206", "text": "king goes to consult the Witch of Endor. The medium, unaware of his identity, reminds him that the king has made witchcraft a capital offence, but he assures her that Saul will not harm her. She conjures the spirit of the prophet Samuel, who before his death had prophesied that Saul would lose the kingdom. The shade of Samuel tells the king that God will no longer hear his prayers and that the next day he will lose both the battle and his life. Saul collapses in fear, and the medium restores him with food. In Book VI, the Philistines", "title": "Davidiad" }, { "id": "262128", "text": "the tribes. After recalling their wanderings he delivered God's laws by which they must live in the land, sang a song of praise and pronounced a blessing on the people, and passed his authority to Joshua, under whom they would possess the land. Moses then went up Mount Nebo to the top of Pisgah, looked over the promised land of Israel spread out before him, and died, at the age of one hundred and twenty. More humble than any other man (Num. 12:3), \"there hath not arisen a prophet since in Israel like unto Moses, whom YHWH knew face to", "title": "Moses" }, { "id": "4166902", "text": "outside the town before healing him and asked him not to return to the town, nor to inform the people of the town, after his sight was restored. Many scholars maintain that all the New Testament references to Bethsaida apply to one place, namely, Bethsaida Julias. The arguments for and against this view may be summarized as follows: During the Fifth Crusade, the well-mounted crusader army led by King Andrew II of Hungary defeated Sultan Al-Adil I at Bethsaida on the Jordan River on 10 November 1217. Muslim forces retreated to their fortresses and towns. Bethsaida Bethsaida (from Hebrew/Aramaic \"beth-tsaida\",", "title": "Bethsaida" }, { "id": "1924049", "text": "King Saul might kill him if he suspected the true reason for his arrival in Bethlehem. Samuel offered a sacrifice with Jesse and then went to his house, where he sanctified him and his family. The prophet asked Jesse to present his sons. When Samuel saw Eliab, Jesse's eldest son, he was impressed by his stature and convinced that he must be God's anointed king, however God said to Samuel, \"Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The Lord does not look at the things man looks at. Man look at the outward appearance,", "title": "Jesse" }, { "id": "7233973", "text": "He predicts that David will inherit the kingdom of Israel when Saul and his sons die in the next day's battle. David learns from an Amalekite soldier of the deaths of Saul and Jonathan at the hands of the Amalekites, and David orders the Amalekite killed. After a funeral march for the Israelite dead. Merab, David, and Michal each in turn express their sorrow, particularly for the loss of Jonathan. A high priest predicts David will win future victories and the Israelites urge him to restore their kingdom. The \"Dead March\" played in Act Three, introducing the obsequies for the", "title": "Saul (Handel)" }, { "id": "5438363", "text": "Blind man of Bethsaida The Blind Man of Bethsaida is the subject of one of the miracles of Jesus in the Gospels. It is found only in Mark 8:22-26. The exact location of Bethsaida in this pericope is subject to debate among scholars, but is likely to have been Bethsaida Julias, on the north shore of Lake Galilee. According to the Mark's account, when Jesus came to Bethsaida, a town in Galilee, he was asked to heal a blind man. Jesus took the man by the hand and led him out of the town, put some spittle on his eyes,", "title": "Blind man of Bethsaida" }, { "id": "7104580", "text": "Muhammad. This appears in an account concerning the story of a blind man who asked Muhammad to pray to God for his health because of his blindness. This hadith is quoted in some major collections of traditions, such as Ahmad ibn Hanbal's musnad: The Qur'an states: This verse raised the question as to whether or not Muhammad’s mediation was still possible after his death. A number of Islamic scholars including Al-Nawawi, Ibn Kathir and Ibn al-Athir in his exegesis relates the following episode, aiming to demonstrate its effectiveness: \"A Bedouin of the desert visited the Prophet’s tomb and greeted the", "title": "Tawassul" }, { "id": "9875248", "text": "slavery. His brother Nicholas remained in slavery with him. At times his situation was alleviated by the intervention of the man's son, a preacher. Black related his experiences with some of the people in the Bible and found strength in the verse \"I experienced a hope under a slave man\" and \"Give us of your oil, for our lamps have gone out.\" He converted to Christianity in 1836. In 1837, after 20 years enslavement, Black decided to escape and go north to meet up with his three brothers; He thought his family was either in Boston, Massachusetts or Canada. He", "title": "Leonard Black" }, { "id": "18300267", "text": "both sources, Paul was never a follower of Jesus and did not know Jesus before his crucifixion. Instead, he severely persecuted the early Christians. Although Paul refers to himself as an \"Apostle\" of Jesus, it is clear that Paul was not one of \"The Twelve\" apostles. Paul's conversion occurred after Jesus' crucifixion. The accounts of Paul's conversion experience describe it as miraculous, supernatural, or otherwise revelatory in nature. Acts 9 Acts 9 is the ninth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records Saul's conversion and the works of Saint Peter.", "title": "Acts 9" }, { "id": "381578", "text": "Keilah will betray him to Saul. He flees to Ziph pursued by Saul. Saul hunts David in the vicinity of Ziph on two occasions: The Philistines make war again, assembling at Shunem, and Saul leads his army to face them at Mount Gilboa. Before the battle he goes to consult a medium or witch at Endor. The medium, unaware of his identity, reminds him that the king has made witchcraft a capital offence, but he assures her that Saul will not harm her. She conjures the spirit of the prophet Samuel, who before his death had prophesied that he would", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "13060039", "text": "At Atella (on the site of the present hamlet of Sant'Arpino), where he preached the Gospel, many miracles were attributed to him. In the amphitheatre of Atella, a man was healed in the middle of a heart attack by the touch of Canius' hand; a blind woman named Eugenia regained her sight; and a boy was cured of demonic possession. When he was old and ill, Canius retired to a hermitage, where he died. Bishop Elpidius, when he learnt miraculously of Canius' death, built a little shrine on the site to protect the saint's body. In about 800 bishop Leone", "title": "Saint Canius" }, { "id": "2738885", "text": "soon rebukes them for their unbelief and gives them a Bible study on prophecies about the Messiah. They ask the stranger to join them for the evening meal. When he breaks the bread \"their eyes were opened\" and they recognize him as the resurrected Jesus. Jesus immediately vanishes. Cleopas and his friend hasten back to Jerusalem to carry the news to the other disciples, and learn Jesus has also appeared to [one of] them. The same event is recorded in . In the Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew, which was probably written in the seventh century, states that Mary of Cleophas was", "title": "Cleopas" }, { "id": "3464999", "text": "Abgar with his answer. Upon seeing Jesus' image, the king placed it with great honor in one of his palatial houses. After Christ's execution, Jude Thomas the Apostle sent Addai, one of the 70 or 72 in Luke 10:1–12 to King Abgar and the king was cured. Astonished, he converted to Christianity, along with many of the people under his rule. Additionally, St. Jude is often depicted with a flame above his head, representing his presence at Pentecost, when he was said to have received the Holy Spirit with the other apostles. According to tradition, after his martyrdom, pilgrims came", "title": "Jude the Apostle" }, { "id": "3897513", "text": "considered the identification of Paul Aurelian with the Carmarthenshire Paulinus as doubtful. In Rhigyfarch's \"Life of S. David\" (chapter x), Saint David is stated to have completed his education under S. Paulinus (Paulens), who is described as a \"scribe, a disciple of S. Germanus the bishop\". When Paulinus became blind, David is said to have miraculously restored his sight. Paulinus of Wales founded churches and chapels around Llandovery. He is said to have taught Saint Teilo and to have nominated David to speak at the Synod of Llanddewi Brefi (in around 545). Claims to having founded the church at Paul", "title": "Paul Aurelian" }, { "id": "11102378", "text": "to marry. In Midian, Moses saw a fire and approached it. God spoke to him, and told him to remove his shoes. God said that he had chosen Moses. God said to throw down his staff and to stretch out his arm as signs. His staff turned into a serpent and then returned to the form of a staff. His arm became white although he was not sick. God commanded him to go to Pharaoh to deliver a message. Moses said that he could not speak well. So God provided Aaron, his brother, to help Moses speak. God sent Moses", "title": "Biblical and Quranic narratives" }, { "id": "3462136", "text": "between the Alma the Younger's conversion story and the story of Saul of Tarsus in the Bible. Alma the Younger lived in Zarahemla during the end of the reign of the Nephite King Mosiah. It is believed that he was born in 126 BC. As a young man, he, the four sons of Mosiah, and others wanted to destroy the church and actively persecuted its members. After they were visited personally by an angel and rebuked for their actions, Alma fell into an unconscious state where for three days and three nights he lay unable to move until he felt", "title": "Alma the Younger" }, { "id": "4349106", "text": "Catholic priest named Lucien Galtier. So aghast was Galtier that the village on the river derived its name from a man of such ill repute that, when he built his small chapel in the area in 1841, he reportedly stated, \"Pig's Eye, converted thou shalt be, like Saul; Arise, and be, henceforth, Saint Paul!\" It is disputed whether Galtier actually said those words, but the story is part of the city's folklore. In 1844, Parrant lost his claim at Fountain Cave and was forced to vacate the land. It is not clear why. Some sources indicate that he was involved", "title": "Pierre Parrant" }, { "id": "12902925", "text": "The oracle advised him to conciliate the shade of Ajax by offering sacrifices to him in the island of Leuce. This was done accordingly, and Autoleon was cured. While in the island of Leuce, Autoleon also saw Helen, who gave him a commission to Stesichorus. This poet had censured Helen in one of his poems and had become blind in consequence. Helen now sent him the message, that if he would recant, his sight should be restored to him. Stesichorus composed a poem in praise of Helen and recovered his sight. Autoleon In Greek mythology, Autoleon was a hero of", "title": "Autoleon" }, { "id": "7890614", "text": "or concubine, and is not confined, as in rabbinical law, to connection with another man's wife. Saul was one of the followers of Gnai Baruch, who is supposed as head of Ezra's bet din to have ordained the reading of the Torah on Shabbatim and holy days, beginning in the month of Tishri and terminating with the end of the year. Saul died about 780 CE. He was the father of the Karaite \"nasi\" Jehoshaphat. Saul ben Anan Saul ben Anan (Hebrew: שאול בן ענן) was a Karaite Jewish leader of the eighth century CE. He was the son and", "title": "Saul ben Anan" }, { "id": "2427367", "text": "elites from among the Israelites and ordered them to pray for forgiveness. Shortly thereafter, the elders traveled alongside Moses to witness the speech between Moses and God. Despite witnessing the speech between them, they refused to believe until they saw God with their own eyes, so as punishment, a thunderbolt killed them. Moses prayed for their forgiveness, and they were resurrected and returned to camp and set up a tent dedicated to worshiping God as Aaron had taught them from the Torah. They resumed their journey towards the promised land. Islamic exegesis narrates the incident of an old and pious", "title": "Moses in Islam" }, { "id": "4864845", "text": "chosen vessel unto me, to bear my name before the Gentiles, and kings, and the children of Israel\". (). When Ananias went in to Saul and laid his hands on him, the \"scales\" of dead tissue on the surface of his eyes fell off, and he looked up at Ananias. After additional instruction, Saul was baptized. () According to Roderick L. Evans, Ananias was a prophet despite being mentioned as a disciple. In his opinion on New Testament prophets, biblical figures who receive a message from God or reveal future events are considered prophets despite alternative titles such as apostle", "title": "Ananias of Damascus" }, { "id": "381566", "text": "of Israel. It appears that he came from Gibeah. Saul married Ahinoam, daughter of Ahimaaz, with whom he sired four sons (Jonathan, Abinadab, Malchishua and Ish-bosheth) and two daughters (Merab and Michal). Saul also had a concubine named Rizpah, daughter of Aiah, who bore him two sons, Armoni and Mephibosheth. (). Saul died at the Battle of Mount Gilboa (; ), and was buried in Zelah, in the region of Benjamin (). Three of Saul's sons – Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua – died with him at Mount Gilboa (; ). Ish-bosheth became king of Israel, at the age of forty.", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "2065348", "text": "grew louder, causing him to spring to his feet and look around, but he saw no one. In some of the accounts, he described being covered with a thick darkness and thinking that he would be destroyed. At his darkest moment, he knelt a third time to pray and, as he summoned all his power to pray, he felt ready to sink into oblivion. At that moment, he said his tongue was loosed and he saw a vision. Smith said he saw a pillar of light brighter than the noonday sun that slowly descended on him, growing in brightness as", "title": "First Vision" }, { "id": "7504886", "text": "blind beggar at the bridge over the river Aisne. The man besought Vedast's assistance. The priest was inspired to pray and blessed the beggar, at which point the man immediately recovered his sight. The miracle convinced the king to adopt his wife's religion. Vedast became an advisor to King Clovis. Remigius named him the first bishop of Arras, France (499) and later Bishop of Cambrai (510). He died on February 6, 539 at Arras; that night the locals saw a luminous cloud ascend from his house, apparently carrying away Vedast’s soul. The Abbey of St. Vaast was later founded in", "title": "Vedast" }, { "id": "19282043", "text": "López-Rey, Saint Paul's head is \"sharply drawn\" and the image itself is \"somewhat rubbed and darkened\", a style typical of Velázquez's early works. According to the New Testament, Paul was traveling to Damascus when he saw a bea of light and was visited by Jesus, who struck him blind. Three days later, Paul regained his sight and began to preach Christianity to the people. In this painting, Saint Paul is depicted wearing a large brown robe to symbolize his pilgrimage from the Holy Land to Damascus. The loose and thick cloak contains numerous creases, which suggest the heaviness of the", "title": "Saint Paul (Velázquez)" }, { "id": "381579", "text": "lose the kingdom. Samuel tells him that God has fully rejected him, will no longer hear his prayers, has given the kingdom to David and that the next day he will lose both the battle and his life. Saul collapses in fear, and the medium restores him with food in anticipation of the next day's battle. 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel give conflicting accounts of Saul's death. In 1 Samuel, and in a parallel account in 1 Chronicles 10, as the defeated Israelites flee, Saul asks his armour bearer to kill him, but he refuses, and so Saul falls upon", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "327752", "text": "Paul says that it was in Damascus that he barely escaped death. Paul also says that he then went first to Arabia, and then came back to Damascus. Paul's trip to Arabia is not mentioned anywhere else in the Bible, and some suppose he actually traveled to Mount Sinai for meditations in the desert. He describes in Galatians how three years after his conversion he went to Jerusalem. There he met James and stayed with Simon Peter for 15 days. Paul located Mount Sinai in Arabia in . Paul asserted that he received the Gospel not from man, but directly", "title": "Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "20541098", "text": "it was the consequence of that Saul, gaining an advantage from his influential position in the royal court, requested Emeric to return the landholding to the kindred, which became a royal property after the death of his father Stephen's cousins Alexander and Seraphin. Saul supported the Heiligenkreuz Abbey with large sums in 1199. He was last mentioned by contemporary records in 1201. According to a non-authentic royal charter, he was still alive in early 1202. Soon, John succeeded him as archbishop. His canonization was initiated after his death, but that never happened. The Assumption Cathedral of Kalocsa was extensively restored", "title": "Saul Győr" }, { "id": "16654351", "text": "Salhab Salhab (, also known as Khirbet Salhab) is a small Palestinian village in the Tubas Governorate in the northeastern West Bank, located four kilometers north of Tubas. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) census, it had a population of 45 living in five households in 2007. Its current mayor is Fawze Sawafta. Salhab has been identified with the biblical town of Bezeq where Saul gathered his army to relieve Jabesh-Gilead, mentioned in the Book of Samuel. Archaeological evidence throughout the village and its vicinity, in the form of walls and foundations of ancient buildings, suggest a", "title": "Salhab" }, { "id": "381573", "text": "piece; Samuel prophecies that the kingdom will likewise be torn from Saul. Samuel then kills the Amalekite king himself. Samuel and Saul each return home and never meet again after these events (). After Samuel tells Saul that God has rejected him as king, David, a son of Jesse, from the tribe of Judah, enters the story: from this point on Saul's story is largely the account of his increasingly troubled relationship with David. Saul offered his elder daughter Merab as a wife to the now popular David, after his victory over Goliath, but David demurred. David distinguishes himself in", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "327740", "text": "of Paul's life out of its narrative, such as his probable but undocumented execution in Rome. Some scholars believe Acts also contradicts Paul's epistles on multiple accounts, in particular concerning the frequency of Paul's visits to the church in Jerusalem. Sources outside the New Testament that mention Paul include: It has been popularly assumed that Saul's name was changed when he became a follower of Jesus Christ, but that is not the case. His Jewish name was \"Saul\" (), perhaps after the biblical King Saul, a fellow Benjamite and the first king of Israel. According to the Book of Acts,", "title": "Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "6602572", "text": "flame in the midst of a bush that burned but was not consumed. God called to Moses from the bush, and Moses answered: \"Here I am.\" God told Moses not to draw near, and to take off his shoes, for the place on which he stood was holy ground. God identified as the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, reported having seen the Israelites' affliction and heard their cry, and promised to deliver them from Egypt to Canaan, a land flowing with milk and honey. God told Moses that God was sending Moses to Pharaoh to bring the Israelites out", "title": "Shemot (parsha)" }, { "id": "9588863", "text": "crucifixion. Paul's conversion occurred after Jesus' crucifixion. The accounts of Paul's conversion experience describe it as miraculous, supernatural, or otherwise revelatory in nature. Before his conversion, Paul, then known as Saul, was \"a Pharisee of Pharisees\", who \"intensely persecuted\" the followers of Jesus. Says Paul in his Epistle to the Galatians: \"For you have heard of my previous way of life in Judaism, how intensely I persecuted the church of God and tried to destroy it. I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my people and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers.\"", "title": "Conversion of Paul the Apostle" }, { "id": "381574", "text": "the Philistine wars. Upon David's return from battle, the women praise him in song: implying that David is the greater warrior. Saul fears David's growing popularity and henceforth views him as a rival to the throne. Saul's son Jonathan and David become close friends. Jonathan recognizes David as the rightful king, and \"made a covenant with David, because he loved him as his own soul.\" Jonathan even gives David his military clothes, symbolizing David's position as successor to Saul. On two occasions, Saul threw a spear at David as he played the harp for Saul. David becomes increasingly successful and", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "381599", "text": "(if Saul is assumed to be Talut) in that in the Bible the sacred Ark was returned to Israel before Saul's accession, and the test by drinking water is made in the Hebrew Bible not by Saul but by Gideon.. However, the story of Saul in 1 Samuel 14 has parallels to Qur'an 2:246-251, faithfully accounting for the sacred Ark and the fasting test (; ; ). The historicity of Saul's kingdom is not universally accepted and there is insufficient extrabiblical evidence to verify if the biblical account reflects historical reality. The notion of a United Monarchy of Israel and", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "15754251", "text": "aside from the gospel.\" Smith said he told the experience to a preacher, who dismissed the story with contempt. The event would later grow in importance to Smith's followers, who now regard it as the first event in the gradual restoration of Christ's church to earth. Until the 1840s, however, the experience was largely unknown, even to most Mormons. Smith may have originally understood the event simply as a personal conversion. According to his later accounts, Smith was visited by an angel named Moroni, while praying one night in 1823. Smith said that this angel revealed the location of a", "title": "Joseph Smith" }, { "id": "3436600", "text": "Lithuanian mythology. According to the Slavic translation of the Chronicle by John Malalas (1261), a powerful smith named Teliavelis made the Sun and threw it into the sky. Missionary Jerome of Prague (ca. 1369–1440) spent three years attempting to Christianize Lithuania and later recounted a myth about the kidnapped Saulė. She was held in a tower by a powerful king and rescued by the zodiac using a giant sledgehammer. Jerome swore that he personally witnessed the hammer, venerated by the locals. Saulė and Mėnuo/Mēness (the Moon) were wife and husband. Mėnuo fell in love with Aušrinė (the morning star or", "title": "Saulė" }, { "id": "4451296", "text": "For his sake, we entreat You, save our souls.\" Reflecting Amos' sense of urgency and social justice, the Kontakion of Amos is sung: \"Purifying your fervent heart by the Spirit, / O glorious Prophet Amos, / And receiving the gift of prophecy from on high, / You cry with a loud voice to the nations: / This is our God, and there is none beside Him.\" Amos (prophet) Amos (, \"ʻAmos\") was one of the Twelve Minor Prophets. An older contemporary of Hosea and Isaiah, Amos was active c. 760–755 BCE during the reign of Jeroboam II (786–746). He was", "title": "Amos (prophet)" }, { "id": "381589", "text": "did not reveal the fact that he had been anointed king (1 Samuel 10:16; Meg. 13b); and he was extraordinarily upright as well as perfectly just. Nor was there any one more pious than he (M. Q. 16b; Ex. Rashi 30:12); for when he ascended the throne he was as pure as a child, and had never committed sin (Yoma 22b). He was marvelously handsome; and the maidens who told him concerning Samuel (cf 1 Samuel 9:11–13) talked so long with him that they might observe his beauty the more (Ber. 48b). In war he was able to march 120", "title": "Saul" }, { "id": "4946863", "text": "in their evangelization mission. When Philip and the apostles meet on the Mount Olives, they prayed together twice, each time emphasizing light as a symbol of Jesus. After their prayers, the apostles are visited by a great light from the sky identifying itself as “Jesus Christ who is with you forever”. He began teaching the apostles of the aeons and their pleroma, followed by a series of questions from apostles about their struggles against the archons and how much they must suffer for the sake of their faith. Once the light disappeared from them, the apostles left the Mount Olives", "title": "Letter of Peter to Philip" }, { "id": "6468659", "text": "by a brilliant light and hears the voice of Christ saying, \"Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?...And they that were with me saw indeed the light, and were afraid, but they heard not the voice...\" (Acts 22:6-11). Elsewhere Paul claims to have seen Christ during a vision, and it is on this basis that he grounds his claim be recognised as an Apostle: \"Have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord?\" (I Corinthians 9:1). Caravaggio biographer Helen Langdon describes style of \"Conversion\" as \"an odd blend of Raphael and clumsy rustic realism,\" but notes how the composition, with its jagged", "title": "The Conversion of Saint Paul (Caravaggio)" }, { "id": "14442761", "text": "Psalm 57 Psalm 57 is the 57th psalm of the Book of Psalms, in the Bible. The Psalm consists of two parts. In the first, David gives expression to the anxiety which he felt, imploring Divine assistance against Saul and his other enemies. In the second, he proceeds upon the confident expectation of deliverance, and stirs up his soul to the exercise of praise. The Psalm is attributed as a \"Michtam\" of David, when he fled from the face of Saul, in the cave. It was addressed to a leader of Worship. Possibly this psalm was sung to a melody", "title": "Psalm 57" }, { "id": "4859182", "text": "death came to people who didn't necessarily deserve it more than most other sinful people. According to the Gospel of John, Jesus healed a man who had been blind from birth. Jesus spat on the ground, made mud with the saliva, and spread the mud over the blind man’s eyes. He then told the man, “Go wash yourself in the Pool of Siloam.” So the man went and washed and came back seeing. A pool and church were built in Siloam by the Byzantine empress Eudocia (c. 400–460 CE) to commemorate this New Testament miracle. The Siloam inscription was discovered", "title": "Siloam" }, { "id": "13991065", "text": "and cure Saul, assuring him that from now on Saul will advance, rather than persecute, Christianity. As Ananias visits Saul the Holy Spirit appears above them, and Saul is healed and baptised. In the third station Saul's knights have returned to Jerusalem, where they tell an angry Caypha and Anna of Paul's conversion to and preaching of Christianity. At this point three leaves have been inserted in a different hand. They make up a comic scene between the demon Belial (whose first line is \"the usual Satanic exclamation of the mystery writers 'Ho ho'\") and his messenger, named Mercury. Again,", "title": "The Digby Conversion of Saint Paul" } ]	who prayed for saul to regain his sight
[ "the eighth season" ]	[ { "id": "16467165", "text": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy) \"Flight\" is the twenty-fourth and final episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the show's 172nd episode overall. It was written by series creator Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on May 17, 2012. In the episode, six doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital who are victims of an aviation accident fight to stay alive, but Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) ultimately dies. Other storylines occur in Seattle where Dr. Richard Webber (James", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "4811516", "text": "careers. However, all plans are put on hold when several doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital are engaged in a plane crash, which kills Lexie and endangers Meredith, Shepherd, Yang, Robbins, and Sloan. At the conclusion of the eighth season, Altman is courteously fired by Hunt as she struggles to decide whether or not to take the job as Chief at the United States Army Medical Command (MEDCOM). In the season nine premiere, Sloan dies due to sustained injuries from the plane crash following a brief relapse of temporary health (the surge) and the remaining characters work through their", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "16467181", "text": "Weekly\" later named the scene where Meredith is crying one of the best crying scenes of 2012. In TVLine's review of 2012, Lexie's death was runner-up for \"Biggest Tearjerker\". The episode is nominated at the NAACP Image Awards under the Outstanding Writing in a Dramatic Series category for Rhimes. Flight (Grey's Anatomy) \"Flight\" is the twenty-fourth and final episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the show's 172nd episode overall. It was written by series creator Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18754168", "text": "this season.\" One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy) \"One Flight Down\" is the twentieth episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 240th episode overall. It aired on April 16, 2015 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written Austin Guzman and directed by David Greenspan. The episode features a plane crash in Seattle bringing patients to Grey Sloan Memorial and old memories of the season 8's tragic plane crash that claimed the lives of Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) and Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) back to Meredith Grey, Arizona Robbins and", "title": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18754161", "text": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy) \"One Flight Down\" is the twentieth episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 240th episode overall. It aired on April 16, 2015 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written Austin Guzman and directed by David Greenspan. The episode features a plane crash in Seattle bringing patients to Grey Sloan Memorial and old memories of the season 8's tragic plane crash that claimed the lives of Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) and Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) back to Meredith Grey, Arizona Robbins and Owen Hunt.", "title": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16467166", "text": "Pickens, Jr.) plans his annual dinner for the departing residents, Dr. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) fires Dr. Teddy Altman (Kim Raver), and Dr. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) gets engaged. The episode marked Leigh's final appearance in the series and Raver's last until late in the fourteenth season. Exterior filming of the accident took place at Big Bear Lake, California. Jason George reprised his role as a guest star, whereas James LeGros made his first appearance. The episode opened to mixed reviews from television critics, with some criticizing the death of Lexie, but praising Leigh's performance, in addition to Ellen Pompeo", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "15598697", "text": "plane crashes. In \"Flight\" the six doctors and the pilot fight to survive. Derek's hand is severely injured, as is Arizona's leg. Lexie is trapped and crushed beneath part of the plane. She and Mark finally confess their love to each other, and within moments, she dies. Mere seconds later, Meredith arrives too late, and is devastated by her sister's death. They soon realize that Mark has severe internal injuries. The season ends with the 5 remaining surgeons in peril, lost in the woods and not knowing when or if help will come. The season received mostly positive reviews. Tanner", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "id": "16812474", "text": "the fates of select characters unknown. However, multiple cast members leaked pictures from the set. Jason George returned in guest capacity, along with newcomers William Daniels, Steven Culp, Philip Casnoff, Gaius Charles, Camilla Luddington, Tina Majorino, and Jerrika Hinton. Critics generally regarded \"Going, Going, Gone\" as disconsolate. In the season eight finale, Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), Dr. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), Dr. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh), Dr. Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), and Dr. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) are caught in an aviation accident, leaving Lexie Grey dead, and the rest of the doctors stranded.", "title": "Going, Going, Gone (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "13034802", "text": "of Torres, she accepts her marriage proposal, and the two are married by Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson). As the fifth year residents are coming close to the end of their residency, Robbins urges Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) to work under her. At the end of the Grey's Anatomy (season 8), Robbins is hurt badly in a plane crash, resulting in her left leg being amputated. In the aftermath of the plane accident, in which Sloan and Lexie Grey were killed, the hospital is sued and eventually found guilty of negligence. Each victim including Shepherd, Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), Cristina Yang", "title": "Arizona Robbins" }, { "id": "16531009", "text": "on August 27, 2013 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. The season follows the characters dealing with the aftermath of the season eight plane crash that claimed the life of Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) and upon rescue Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), who dies after sustaining injuries from the crash. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) finds his surgical career in doubt after badly damaging his hand but Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) ultimately manages to save his hand. The show's protagonist Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) deals with the loss of her half-sister Lexie and later discovers that she is pregnant. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh)", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "16467180", "text": "poll that judged all the television season finales of the year, Lexie's death was voted the \"Top Tissue Moment\", while Robbins' injured leg and Shepherd's mangled hand were voted the \"Most Disturbing Image\". The ending of the episode was also considered as the \"Best Ending to an Otherwise So-So Season\". Lexie's death was also nominated under the \"Best (Presumed) Death\" category, while the plane crash's aftermath was nominated as the \"Best Non-romantic Cliffhanger\", and the episode in entirety was nominated for the special award for \"Biggest Regret That I Didn't See It, I Just Heard or Read About It\". \"Entertainment", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18022123", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) The eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Stacy McKee and William Harper. The season commenced airing with the episode \"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind\" and concluded with the season finale \"You're My Home\" airing on May 14, 2015. The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "16467173", "text": "that happened to be a moment where I was sprung. Everybody was very accommodating — the crew, cast. And I opted to stay underneath [the wreckage] for the most part over two days rather than trying to get in and out.\" In regard to the episode, Rhimes commented before it originally aired that it was difficult to write, largely because of the death of a main character. She compared it to writing the season six finale, by explaining that the former was \"more painful\" to write. After the episode aired, Rhimes repeated in a tweet that it was hard for", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16467167", "text": "(Dr. Meredith Grey)'s and Eric Dane (Dr. Mark Sloan)'s. \"Flight\" earned Rhimes an NAACP Image Award nomination and it was also nominated under several categories of \"Entertainment Weekly\" finale awards. Upon its initial airing, the episode was viewed in the United States by 11.44 million people, garnered a 4.1/11 Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic, ranking fourth for the night in terms of viewership, and registering as Thursday's highest-rated drama. After their plane crashes in the woods, Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh), Dr. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), Dr. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw), Dr. Derek Shepherd", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16812473", "text": "lives with their personal lives. In this episode, the doctors of Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital cope with the physical and emotional reverberations of the aviation accident that took place in the season eight finale, while several surgical residents are promoted. Further storylines include Dr. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) relocating to a different hospital, and a group of new interns being intimidated by Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo). The episode saw the death of Dr. Mark Sloan (Eric Dane); the actor was let go due to budget cuts by the producers. Excessive spoilers were not released, in order to keep", "title": "Going, Going, Gone (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "4811517", "text": "post traumatic stress and Arizona Robbins's loss of limb by way of suing Seattle Grace Mercy West as the hospital was responsible for putting the surgeons on the plane. The season continues with the struggle of the lawsuit and the animosity that it creates within the hospital, Yang and Hunt eventually divorce in order to help the lawsuit. The doctors who were on the plane won the lawsuit, but the pay out bankrupts the hospital. They all club together and buy Seattle Grace Mercy West, with the help of the Harper Avery Foundation, and they become the Board of Directors,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "9936143", "text": "hand, telling her that he has and will always love her. He and the remaining surviving crash victims are left stranded in the woods, mourning Lexie and fighting to stay alive. In the ninth-season premiere, it is discovered that Mark is on life support due to the extensive injuries he sustained in the plane crash and, as determined by his will, the machines would be turned off if he showed no signs of waking within 30 days. Flashbacks of some moments in Mark's life showcased him being videotaped as he was extending his congratulations to newlyweds Callie and Arizona. At", "title": "Mark Sloan (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16531013", "text": "operating on their own surgeries. The early episodes of the season depict the characters dealing with the aftermath of the season eight plane crash that claimed the life of Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) and upon rescue Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), who dies in the first episode. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) finds his surgical career in doubt after badly damaging his hand but ultimately his sister Liz (Neve Campbell) donates a nerve from her leg and Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) is able to save his hand. Later, Shepherd receives more good news when his wife Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) discovers that", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "9936142", "text": "starts getting along better with Arizona. After a long time without dating, Mark finally embarks on a relationship with Julia. This makes Lexie jealous, which leads to her and Jackson breaking up. Lexie struggles to tell Mark how she feels but finally admits it leaving him torn between her and Julia. In the season 8 finale, Mark, Lexie, Derek, Meredith, Cristina, and Arizona are involved in an aviation accident while on the way to Boise, Idaho to perform surgery on conjoined twins, crushing Lexie under debris. After trying and failing to save her, Mark holds a dying Lexie by the", "title": "Mark Sloan (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16531014", "text": "she is pregnant, despite her previously being told that it was unlikely that she could conceive. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) is severely traumatized upon rescue and suffers from brief reactive psychosis and eventually decides to take up her fellowship in Minnesota, though soon grows unhappy in her new surroundings and returns to Seattle after the death of her friend and mentor, Doctor Thomas. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) survives the plane crash in spite of her leg injury, but upon return her wound becomes infected and her leg has to be amputated to save her life. Robbins reacts badly to this,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "20158601", "text": "up, as they beat the impossible. She finishes by declaring themselves \"superheroes\". Stephanie tries her hardest to make her patient remember the pilot with whom she fell in love with in a plane crash. In the twelfth season, Stephanie must help a patient recover from brain surgery, which brings back bad memories from her childhood of when she was a sickle-cell experiment participant. Jo accuses Stephanie of lying about her disease, and tries to get Stephanie in trouble with Amelia. Stephanie confronts Jo at Meredith's party after Jo gives a misguided apology, saying she can't take the fact that she", "title": "Stephanie Edwards (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "4811582", "text": "with a two-hour episode, and ended on May 15, 2014. On May 8, 2014, ABC renewed the series for an eleventh season that aired from September 2014 to May 2015. In addition, the show was relocated to the Thursday 8:00pm EST time slot. After four seasons outside the top 25 rated shows, \"Grey's Anatomy\" was the number 15 show in the 2013–2014 season, the show's tenth. The show also re-entered the top five shows in the 18–49 viewer demographic. On May 7, 2015, ABC renewed the series for a twelfth season that premiered on September 24, 2015 and concluded on", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "16531010", "text": "who is severely traumatized upon rescue and later decides to take up her fellowship in Minnesota. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) another survivor of the plane crash upon return realizes that her leg has to be amputated to save her life, reacts badly to this, becoming bitter and blaming her wife Callie and her former friend Alex Karev (Justin Chambers). To prevent the doctors' court case from being thrown out, Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) decides to divorce Yang, but the two agree to start again. The hospital itself becomes liable for the crash, putting its future in extreme doubt prompting the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "4811577", "text": "as a mid-season replacement to \"Boston Legal\" on March 27, 2005 and concluded on May 22, 2005. The nine-episode season aired on Sundays in the 10:00pm EST time slot, following \"Desperate Housewives\". The show was renewed by ABC for a second season, that aired in the same time slot as season one. Premiering on September 25, 2005 and concluding on May 15, 2006, the season consisted of twenty-seven episodes. The first five episodes of the second season were originally scheduled to air during the first, but the network decided to close the first season of \"Grey's Anatomy\" on the same", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "16467172", "text": "out. In the closing monologue, Meredith repeats the opening to the speech that Webber gave in the pilot episode of the series. The episode was written by Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. Featured music included The Paper Kites' \"Featherstone\" and Feist's 'Graveyard\". Filming took place in Big Bear Lake, California, a location previously used in the seventh season for Yang and Shepherd's fishing trip. Commenting on the filming conditions, Leigh said: \"It would rain and be sunny and hot. I never died before [on camera]. That sounds funny saying that. I think everyone has an emotional wellspring and", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16467175", "text": "May 17, 2012 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). The episode was watched in the United States by a total of 11.44 million people, a 16.5% (1.62 million) increase from the previous episode \"Migration\", which garnered 9.82 million viewers. In terms of viewership, \"Flight\" ranked fourth for the night, behind the season finales of Fox's \"American Idol\", and CBS's \"Person of Interest\" and \"The Mentalist\". In terms of \"Grey's Anatomy\" other season finales, the episode was the show's second least-viewed finale, just behind the seventh season's, which garnered 9.89 million viewers. The episode did not rank", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16531015", "text": "becoming bitter and blaming her wife Callie and her former friend Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) and refuses to leave her bed or return to work. Derek discovers that prior to the plane crash, the hospital had recently changed airlines to one with a poorer safety record for budgetary reasons, resulting in the four crash survivors (Grey, Shepherd, Robbins and Yang) deciding to pursue a lawsuit, and it soon becomes apparent that chief of surgery Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) had given the go-ahead to the change. To prevent the doctors' court case from being thrown out, Hunt decides to divorce Yang,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "9936131", "text": "who served as one of the interns on his service when they started dating. Both he and Lexie sustained life-threatening injuries after an aviation accident in the eighth-season finale, which resulted in their deaths. Seattle Grace Mercy West is later renamed Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital in their memory. Mark first appears in season two, introduced as a highly respected otolaryngologist sub-specialized in plastic surgery and the childhood best friend of neurosurgeon Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey). In his first appearance, he flirts with Meredith Grey, and Derek punches him in the face. Derek explains that Mark had an affair with his wife,", "title": "Mark Sloan (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16467177", "text": "ratings in comparison to the previous year's finale, which attained a 3.6/9 rating/share in the 18–49 demographic. \"Poptimal\" Tanya Lane wrote, \"Wow…just wow. \"Grey's Anatomy\" has once again managed to shock with its season finale.\" While she appreciated the \"realism and authenticity that \"Grey's\" is known for\", she found the episode was \"almost too much\" as it was \"extremely gory and difficult to watch, initially because of the grisly wounds\" but later because of the \"heavy and emotional things that transpired\". She thought Pompeo gave one of her best performances when her character learned that her sister was dead. \"Digital", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18754164", "text": "episode was initially aired on April 16, 2015 and was viewed by 7.60 million viewers on its initial airing marking an increase from the previous episode \"Crazy Love\" which was watched by 7.42 million viewers. It garnered a 2.1/7 Nielsen ratings an increase from the previous installment. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics. The reactions of Owen, Meredith and Arizona to the plane crash were praised but critics disliked the developments in the relationship of Owen Hunt and Amelia Shepherd. \"TvEquals\" wrote, \"Overall, “One Flight Down” was a solid episode – not my favorite, but pretty entertaining. Owen", "title": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18761834", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 12) The twelfth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" was ordered on May 7, 2015, by ABC. It premiered on September 24, 2015, in the United States on ABC. The twelfth season includes the show's 250th episode, Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, which is the fifth episode in the season. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Stacy McKee and William Harper. The season commenced airing with the episode \"Sledgehammer\" and concluded with \"Family Affair\". This season was the first", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 12)" }, { "id": "19523328", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13) The thirteenth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 22, 2016, in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and consisted of 24 episodes. The season was ordered on March 3, 2016, along with ABC's other shows. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being William Harper and Stacy McKee. This season was the first not to feature Sara Ramirez as Dr. Callie Torres since her introduction in the second season, following her departure at the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13)" }, { "id": "16467174", "text": "her to write the finale, adding: \"I did not enjoy it. It made me sick and it made me sad.\" Rhimes also explained the departure of Leigh, whose character died after the plane crash, by saying that the two came to an agreement on the decision to kill Lexie, after extensive discussion. Speaking of Raver's departure whose character left Seattle Grace for MEDCOM, Rhimes elaborated that Raver was offered a contract renewal, but declined. The episode received mixed reviews among television critics, and it outperformed the previous episode in terms of both viewership and ratings. \"Flight\" was originally broadcast on", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "14569060", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 7) The seventh season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing on September 23, 2010 on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and concluded on May 19, 2011 ending the season with a total of 22 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season follows the aftermath of season six shooting, in which Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) and Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) are shot, and a total of 11 people died. Cristina Yang", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 7)" }, { "id": "18022144", "text": "saying goodbye to our ‘McDreamy.’\" \"Grey's Anatomy\" was renewed for an eleventh season by ABC on May 8, 2014. On May 13, 2014, ABC announced their new schedule, as well as a new timeslot for \"Grey's Anatomy\". The show remained on Thursday night, but it was moved to 8:00 PM E.T. to make room for ShondaLand Production Company's new TV series, \"How to Get Away with Murder\". Even though Paul Lee, the president of ABC, moved \"Grey's Anatomy\" to a new timeslot, he announced at ABC's 2014-15 upfront that the eleventh season would air in the same order as the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "18750369", "text": "I Must Have Lost it on the Wind \"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind\" is the season premiere of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 221st episode overall. It aired on September 25, 2014 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Stacy McKee and directed by Kevin McKidd. On its initial airing it was watched by 9.8 million viewers which was an increase from the tenth season finale \"Fear (of the Unknown)\". The episode is also the most watched episode of the entire season. In the", "title": "I Must Have Lost it on the Wind" }, { "id": "16467168", "text": "(Patrick Dempsey), and Dr. Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) desperately fight to stay alive. Meredith is relatively unscathed, while the rest have serious injuries: the pilot, Jerry (James LeGros), has a major spine injury, and Yang dislocates her arm. Robbins' femur is broken and sticking through the skin, Sloan has serious internal injuries; though initially adrenaline keeps him on his feet. Shepherd is sucked out the side of the plane and awakens alone in the wood; his mangled hand having been pushed through the door of the plane. However, none are in as bad shape as Lexie, who is crushed under", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "13545787", "text": "seeking revenge for his wife's death. The series ended its sixth season with 13.26 million viewers, ranking #17 in terms of ratings, the lowest the series had ever ranked up to then. The season received mixed critical feedback, with the season's premiere and finale given heavier critical acclaim, in contrast to the middle. The season was one of the least acclaimed in terms of awards and nominations, being the show's only season not to warrant a Primetime Emmy nomination. Despite the negative aspects of ratings and awards, the season managed to receive a spot on \"Movieline\" top ten list. Buena", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 6)" }, { "id": "4811501", "text": "the first-season cast and also signed a new two-year deal. On April 23, 2015, Dempsey departed the show during the show's eleventh season, despite the fact that he still had a year left in his contract. On the night of the season twelve finale, May 19, 2016, Sara Ramirez announced that she would be leaving the show following the decision to not renew her contract. On January 17, 2018, it was announced by ABC that Ellen Pompeo's contract had been renewed through season 16. Not only does the contract renewal insure that Pompeo will return as Meredith Grey, but it", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "4811475", "text": "run (it was once among the overall top 10 shows in the United States), it is still one of the highest-rated shows among the 18–49 demographic, and the No. 3 drama on all of broadcast television. The series was the highest revenue-earning show on television, in terms of advertising, in the 2007–08 season; in 2017, it was ranked tenth on the list. \"Grey's Anatomy\" ranks as ABC's highest-rated drama in its fourteenth season. \"Grey's Anatomy\" has been well received by critics throughout much of its run, and has been included in various critics' year-end top ten lists. Since its inception,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "18843754", "text": "Perfect Storm (Grey's Anatomy) \"Perfect Storm\" is the season finale of the ninth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 196th episode overall. It aired on May 16, 2013 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Stacy McKee and directed by Rob Corn. On its initial airing it was watched by 8.99 million viewers. In the episode Grey-Sloan Memorial experienced power outages and a bus crash during an intense super storm. The episode was loosely based on Hurricane Sandy, which hit the East Coast in 2012. A bus crashes in front", "title": "Perfect Storm (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18843760", "text": "called it \"was a hot mess of emotions\". Perfect Storm (Grey's Anatomy) \"Perfect Storm\" is the season finale of the ninth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 196th episode overall. It aired on May 16, 2013 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Stacy McKee and directed by Rob Corn. On its initial airing it was watched by 8.99 million viewers. In the episode Grey-Sloan Memorial experienced power outages and a bus crash during an intense super storm. The episode was loosely based on Hurricane Sandy, which hit the East", "title": "Perfect Storm (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16467171", "text": "Angeles. After realizing Dr. Teddy Altman (Kim Raver) was offered a chief position at United States Army Medical Command (MEDCOM) and is refusing to leave Seattle out of loyalty, Dr. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd), the chief of surgery, fires her to free her from the hospital where her husband died. As the episode ends, Hunt picks up his messages to discover the surgical team never made it to Boise. The residents, finally excited to celebrate at Webber's dinner, are left waiting for their stranded friends. The remaining crash survivors are left struggling to stay awake as their last match goes", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "16531008", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9) The ninth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 27, 2012, with the season premiere \"Going, Going, Gone\" and consists of 24 episodes with the finale \"Perfect Storm\" airing on May 16, 2013. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Ninth Season - Everything Changes", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "20161215", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14) The fourteenth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" was ordered on February 10, 2017, by American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and premiered on September 28, 2017 with a special two-hour premiere. The season consists of 24 episodes, with the season's seventh episode marking the 300th episode for the series overall. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Krista Vernoff and William Harper. The fourteenth season is the first not to feature Jerrika Hinton as Dr. Stephanie Edwards since her introduction", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14)" }, { "id": "16467169", "text": "a piece of the plane. While Meredith searches for Shepherd, Yang and Sloan try to move the debris off Lexie. Eventually, the two realize that they cannot save her, so Sloan holds her hand while she dies, telling her that he loves her. As Sloan tells her of the life the two were meant to have together, Lexie dies with a smile on her face just as Meredith and Yang are approaching. Lexie's death devastates Meredith, who is still desperately trying to find her husband. Eventually, she and Shepherd reunite and they fix his hand as best as they can.", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "15598696", "text": "Mayo Clinic, and Derek has been offered an endowment and an opportunity to continue Alzheimer's research at Harvard, which sways Meredith's decision to accept an elite fellowship at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. In the finale, Meredith, Cristina, Derek, Lexie, Arizona, and Mark board a small plane to fly to Boise, Idaho to perform a surgery separating conjoined twins. Alex was meant to be on the plane, but Arizona, furious at his decision to turn down the Seattle Grace pediatrics fellowship in favor of Johns Hopkins, Arizona boots him from the plane and takes his place. En route, the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "id": "18022159", "text": "choices are, to her resignation when she realizes she has to comfort and motivate the young doctor whose mistakes cost Derek his life.\" Reviewing the episode \"She's Leaving Home\", Matt Carter commended on the show's \"shocking\" longevity and that it \"is still in a position where it makes sense.\" He also praised Pompeo's performance as \"great throughout\" and \"overlooked.\" Grey's Anatomy (season 11) The eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes. The season was produced by ABC", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "15469278", "text": "and was the number 5 Independent Album. \"The Story\" entered the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 singles chart at number 69, and the Canadian Hot 100 at 72. Song Beneath the Song \"Song Beneath the Song,\" also known as \"Grey's Anatomy:\" \"The Music Event,\" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy,\" and the one-hundred forty-fourth episode overall. It was named after a song initially performed by American singer Maria Taylor. Written by series creator Shonda Rhimes and directed by Tony Phelan, it premiered on ABC in the United States on March 31, 2011.", "title": "Song Beneath the Song" }, { "id": "20682945", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 15) The fifteenth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" was ordered on April 20, 2018, by American Broadcasting Company (ABC). The season premiered on September 27, 2018 with a special 2-hour premiere. The episode count for the season will be 24 episodes. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being Krista Vernoff and William Harper. This season is the first not to feature both Jessica Capshaw as Dr. Arizona Robbins and Sarah Drew as Dr. April Kepner since their introductions in", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 15)" }, { "id": "18761849", "text": "special \"It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown\", the twelfth season had a hiatus on October 29, 2015 following the 250th episode. The remaining fall schedule for ABC was announced on November 16, 2015 where it was announced that \"Grey's Anatomy\" would air eight episodes in the fall with the fall finale to air on November 19, 2015, just like the rest of ABC's primetime lineup \"TGIT\" \"Scandal\" and \"How to Get Away with Murder\", which was the same last year. The remaining 16 episodes will air after the winter break, beginning on February 11, 2016, and ending on May 19,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 12)" }, { "id": "10930991", "text": "Losing My Religion (Grey's Anatomy) \"Losing My Religion\" is the twenty-seventh and final episode of the second season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the show's 36th episode overall. Written by Shonda Rhimes and directed by Mark Tinker, the episode was originally broadcast with \"Deterioration of the Fight or Flight Response\", in a two-hour season finale event on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on May 15, 2006. \"Grey's Anatomy\" centers around a group of young doctors in training. In this episode, Dr. Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl) and her fellow interns have to plan", "title": "Losing My Religion (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18109815", "text": "of Matchbox Studios in Austin. Signed to RCA Records in 2013, their debut album, \"From the Wreckage\", was released on August 5, 2014. The band's cover of \"Chasing Cars\" by Snow Patrol was featured on the episode, \"She's Leaving Home\", in season eleven of \"Grey's Anatomy\". The placement propelled the cover song to the number one spot on Shazam's USA future hits chart. The band has also had other limited success on television, having various songs featured on Nashville (season 4), Hart of Dixie, and The Vampire Diaries. The band signed with Island Records in March 2016 and released their", "title": "The Wind and The Wave" }, { "id": "10269104", "text": "spin-off show \"Private Practice\". Characterized by Rhimes as a dork with issues expressing her feelings, Lexie's focal storyline in the series involved her romantic relationship with plastics attending Mark Sloan (Eric Dane). Both she and Mark sustained life-threatening injuries during an aviation accident in the eighth-season finale, which resulted in their deaths. Seattle Grace Mercy West is later renamed Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital in their memory. The reason given for Lexie's departure after more than five years on the show was Leigh's desire to spend more time with her family. Both the character and Leigh's performance received positive feedback and acclaim.", "title": "Lexie Grey" }, { "id": "10082460", "text": "the series at the end of the fourth season in May 1984. In the storyline, a troubled Fallon leaves Jeff at the altar, and is later presumed dead in an offscreen plane crash. At the time, \"New York\" quoted Martin as calling television \"limiting\". \"USA Today\" reported in 2006 that Martin \"left \"Dynasty\" and acting when she felt her 'glib' character ... had been reduced to 'a victim'.\" In 2011, she said \"I became extremely famous during that time, and it was a little discomforting\". Executive producer Aaron Spelling wrote in his 1996 autobiography, \"After three seasons, Pamela Sue Martin", "title": "Fallon Carrington Colby" }, { "id": "4811536", "text": "gradual dip in season three; and \"some seriously bumpy moments\" in the fourth and the fifth season, which was interrupted by the writers' strike. VanDerWerff felt that the \"climb begins again in season six\". Samantha Highfill of \"Entertainment Weekly\" in a review wrote, \"I believe the show's best season to date is season 2. Let me make it clear that I'm not saying seasons 3 through 9 were bad. In my opinion, there have only been a few lulls in the show's history, and most of them didn't last a full season.\" adding, \"I still enjoy the show, and I'll", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "4811474", "text": "The cast has undergone major changes through the series' run, with many members leaving and being replaced by others. In its fifteenth season, the show has a large ensemble of eleven actors, including four characters from the original cast (Meredith Grey, Alex Karev, Miranda Bailey, and Richard Webber). \"Grey's Anatomy\" was renewed for a fifteenth season, which premiered on September 27, 2018. The series' success catapulted such long-running cast members as Pompeo, Dempsey, and Oh to worldwide recognition; they were among the top five highest-earning television actors in 2013. While the show's ratings have fallen over the course of its", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "7310944", "text": "aired during the 2005-2006 season due to the high number of viewers that watched \"Who's Zoomin' Who?\", the season's highest-rated episode with 22.22 million viewers tuning in. The series was chosen in the top ten for several 2005 \"best of television\" lists, including \"USA Today\", \"San Jose Mercury News\", \"The New York Times\", \"The Boston Globe\" and \"Chicago Tribune\" The series was created by Shonda Rhimes and was aired on the ABC Network in the U.S. The season was produced by Touchstone Television, currently ABC Studios, The Mark Gordon Company, ShondaLand Production Company, and was distributed by Buena Vista International,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 1)" }, { "id": "2285663", "text": "in which she plays a Catholic nun in an AIDS-stricken African village. The same year, Oh was cast as Cristina Yang in the first season of what became the hit ABC medical series \"Grey's Anatomy\". Oh's long-running role on the show earned her both a 2005 Golden Globe Award for and a 2006 Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series. In July 2009, she received her fifth consecutive Emmy nomination for her work on the series. In August 2013, Oh announced that the program's tenth season would be her final season. In", "title": "Sandra Oh" }, { "id": "17314117", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 10) The tenth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 26, 2013, with a two-hour special episode in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and it concluded with a \"Farewell to Cristina\" finale episode \"Fear (of the Unknown)\" on May 15, 2014. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Tenth Season – Live For", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 10)" }, { "id": "15185514", "text": "like \"Frasier\", \"Chicago Hope\" and \"The West Wing\". He was cast as a series regular for the show \"Nothing Sacred\", but the show only lasted one season, and the five remaining episodes were never aired. Campbell later appeared in the remake of \"Flight of the Phoenix\" (2004) with Dennis Quaid, Giovanni Ribisi, the Oscar-nominated \"Brokeback Mountain\" (2005), as well as the superhero flick \"Push\" (2009) with Dakota Fanning. Campbell continued to work in television with bit roles in \"24\", \"House M.D.\", \"Grey's Anatomy\" and \"Criminal Minds\". In 2010, he played a recurring role as Justin Murphy on \"The Event\". In", "title": "Scott Michael Campbell" }, { "id": "18581479", "text": "September 1974–April 1975 September 1975–April 1976 September 1976–April 1977 September 1977–April 1978 September 1978–April 1979 September 1979–April 1980 September 1980–April 1981 September 1981–April 1982 September 1982–April 1983 September 1983–April 1984 September 1984–April 1985 September 1985–April 1986 September 1986–April 1987 September 1987–April 1988 October 1988–April 1989 September 1989–April 1990 September 1990–April 1991 September 1991–April 1992 September 1992–April 1993 September 1993–April 1994 September 1994–April 1995 September 1995–May 1996 September 1996–May 1997 September 1997–May 1998 September 1998–May 1999 September 1999–May 2000 September 2000–May 2001 September 2001–May 2002 September 2002–May 2003 September 2003–May 2004 September 2004–May 2005 September 2005–May 2006 September 2006–May 2007 September", "title": "Top-rated United States television programs by season" }, { "id": "19523338", "text": "Room Where It Happens\". It was reported that Tessa Ferrer would be reprising her role as Dr. Leah Murphy in a recurring role for the 13th season. On October 17, 2016 ABC confirmed that Marika Dominczyk had been cast in a guest stint as Eliza Minnick. On January 31, 2017, it was announced that Jerrika Hinton would be departing the series regular cast this season. \"Grey's Anatomy\" was renewed for a 13th season by ABC on March 3, 2016. \"TVLine\" announced that the 13th season will begin airing on September 22, 2016. Production began on May 25, 2016, when Rhimes", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13)" }, { "id": "18022146", "text": "instead of the 12 and 12, there will be eight episodes in the fall which will end with a winter finale on November 20, 2014 like the rest of ABC's primetime lineup \"TGIT\" \"Scandal\" and \"How To Get Away with Murder\". The remaining 16 episodes will air after the winter break, beginning on January 29, 2015. Not even a week after the Season 10 finale episode aired, the \"Grey's Anatomy\" team of writers began collaborating on ideas for Season 11 storylines. Shonda Rhimes tweeted that they were hard at work in the writing room, but would have the month of", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "4811581", "text": "Call\", \"\", aired during the beginning of the seventh season. Also during the seventh season, the series produced a musical episode entitled \"Song Beneath the Song\", featuring songs that became famous through their use in \"Grey's Anatomy\". The show received a twenty-four episode eighth season renewal, which commenced on September 22, 2011 with a two-hour episode, and ended on May 17, 2012. \"Grey's Anatomy\" was renewed for a ninth season, which premiered on September 27, 2012 and ended on May 16, 2013. \"Grey's Anatomy\" was renewed for a tenth season on May 10, 2013 and premiered on September 27, 2013", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "7310939", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) The first season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on March 27, 2005, and concluded on May 22, 2005. The first season introduces the main character, Meredith Grey, as she enrolls in Seattle Grace Hospital's internship program and faces unexpected challenges and surprises. Season one had nine series regulars, four of whom have been part of the main cast ever since. The season initially served as a mid-season replacement for the legal drama \"Boston Legal\", airing in the Sunday night time slot", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 1)" }, { "id": "14569063", "text": "Guest Actress in a Drama at the 63rd Primetime Emmy Awards. The season also garnered seven nominations at the 37th People's Choice Awards and also won the Outstanding Drama Series at the NAACP Image Awards. This season starts a little while after the season six finale, where the shooting in the hospital took place, and deals with the doctors trying to get their lives back to normal. Cristina seems to be the most affected by the shooting and having operated on Shepherd at gunpoint. She quits her job, feeling she no longer loves surgery, but returns. In the beginning of", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 7)" }, { "id": "18022127", "text": "terms of awards and accolades the season garnered six nominations at the 41st People's Choice Awards winning four including Favorite Network TV Drama, Dempsey and Pompeo won Favorite Dramatic TV Actor and Actress respectively and Oh winning for Favorite TV Character We Miss Most. On May 7, 2015, ABC announced the renewal of \"Grey's Anatomy\" for a twelfth season as part of their 2015-16 TV lineup. The season follows the story of surgical residents, fellows, and attendings as they experience the difficulties of the competitive careers they have chosen. It is set in the surgical wing of the fictional Grey", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "4811570", "text": "of college graduates\". Below is a table of \"Grey's Anatomy\"s seasonal rankings in the U.S. television market, based on average total viewers per episode. Each U.S. network television season starts in September and ends in late May, which coincides with the completion of May sweeps. \"Grey's Anatomy\" has won a number of awards. , the show has been nominated for twenty-five Primetime Emmy Awards, having been nominated for at least one every year, except in 2010. At the 57th Primetime Emmy Awards in 2005, Oh was nominated for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series, which she went on to", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "18290383", "text": "TV audience, and networks schedule highly rated programming for the night to attract those advertising dollars. The Associated Press called Rhimes' reign of an entire night of network television \"unmatched in TV history.\" The first series produced by Shondaland is \"Grey's Anatomy\", which premiered on March 27, 2005, and currently is broadcasting its fifteenth season. In 2007, \"Private Practice\" premiered, and lasted for six seasons, until its final broadcast, on January 22, 2013. The third installment, \"Off the Map\", was created by Jenna Bans and lasted for only one season, in 2011. \"Scandal\" and \"How to Get Away with Murder\",", "title": "Shondaland" }, { "id": "3716524", "text": "was upgraded to a series regular for the third season which premiered on June 7, 2011. Burton was switched back to the recurring cast in the fourth season. On January 23, 2012, Burton guest-starred on the ABC police comedy-drama \"Castle\", in season 4: episode 13 titled \"An Embarrassment of Bitches\" as Kay Cappuccio, a reality television star who is accused of the murder of a famous dog trainer. In May 2013, Burton had a recurring role in the ABC medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" for the final three episodes of the ninth season, as Dr. Lauren Boswell. In August 2013, Burton", "title": "Hilarie Burton" }, { "id": "4811587", "text": "storyline involving both shows. After Private Practice ended, Amelia Sheppard appeared even more frequently on Grey's Anatomy. She was later cast as a series regular. On May 16, 2017, Channing Dungey announced at the ABC Upfronts that the network ordered another Grey's Anatomy spin-off, this one focusing on firefighters in Seattle. The series premiered mid-season in 2018. Stacy McKee, long-term Grey's writer and executive producer, serves as the spin-off's showrunner. The new show was introduced Season 14, Episode 13, when a house fire brings the firefighters to Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital. In July 2017, it was announced that Jaina Lee", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "20161236", "text": "was announced she landed a starring role in Alan Ball's new HBO drama series \"Here and Now\". Hinton had previously been in talks of leaving the show at the end of the 12th season when she was cast in the Shondaland comedy pilot \"Toast\", but ABC passed on the project. Renewing her contract for another three seasons as Dr. Arizona Robbins after the eleventh season, Jessica Capshaw returned for the 14th season. On June 20, 2017, it was announced that Kim Raver would reprise her role as Dr. Teddy Altman for a guest arc. In August 2017, it was announced", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14)" }, { "id": "18761850", "text": "2016, as a result of ABC airing the television miniseries \"Madoff\" over two nights on February 3–4, 2016 in the same time-slot as \"Grey's Anatomy\" and \"Scandal\". On March 3, 2016, ABC announced that \"Grey's Anatomy\" was renewed for a 13th season. Regarding the death of Dr. Derek Shepherd, showrunner Shonda Rhimes commented on how future seasons would be affected by the death as she said: \"Now, Meredith and the entire \"Grey’s Anatomy\" family are about to enter uncharted territory as we head into this new chapter of her life. The possibilities for what may come are endless. As Ellis", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 12)" }, { "id": "2326583", "text": "Police Department when the accident occurred. As a result, season 9, episode 12, aired featuring some of the first 911 calls and the initial investigations into the accident. Three National Geographic shows, \"Why Planes Crash\" (\"Fire In The Sky\"), \"Seconds From Disaster\" (\"Florida Swamp Air Crash\"), and \"Mayday\" (\"Fire in the Hold\"), covered the crash. It was also featured in the last episode of the four-part Travel Channel series \"Probable Cause: Air Crash Investigations\" (Acceptable Risk). It was also referenced in the first \"CSI: Miami\" episode (\"Golden Parachute\") in 2002, as well as a second-season episode (\"Wannabe\") in 2004. The", "title": "ValuJet Flight 592" }, { "id": "20628846", "text": "Jay Hayden Jay Hayden (born February 20, 1987) is an American actor. He starred in the ABC comedy-drama series \"The Catch\" (2016–17) and the \"Grey's Anatomy\" spinoff \"Station 19\", both produced by Shondaland. Hayden was born in Northfield, Vermont. His first major role was in the 2011 horror film \"State of Emergency\", playing the lead. In 2012, he went to star on the Hulu mockumentary comedy-drama series, \"Battleground\". Hayden had series regular role in the ABC comedy-drama \"The Catch\" starring Mireille Enos from 2016 to 2017. The series was canceled after two seasons. Later, he has had the recurring roles", "title": "Jay Hayden" }, { "id": "7574164", "text": "in \"Intelligence\", an award-winning series from \"Da Vinci's Inquest\" creator Chris Haddock, which premiered in October 2006 on CBC. A second season aired from October 2007, concluding in December that same year. In 2017, Scott guest starred in an episode of \"Grey's Anatomy\" playing Dominique Eldredge. In 2017, Scott reprised her role as Jillian Howe in \"Pretty Little Liars\". Scott has one son, named Captain, born in January 2010. Klea Scott Klea Scott (born December 25, 1968) is an American-born Panamanian-Canadian actress, known for her roles on television. She starred in the short-lived CBS police drama \"Brooklyn South\" (1997-98), and", "title": "Klea Scott" }, { "id": "20161240", "text": "a 14th season on February 10, 2017. It premiered on September 28, 2017, with a two-hour premiere. Ellen Pompeo announced that she would be directing several episodes in the 14th season. On April 28, 2017, veteran writer Krista Vernoff announced that she would return to the show as a writer after leaving the show after the seventh season. On January 11, 2018, ABC released a six-episode web series following the new surgical interns at Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital. The web series was written by Barbara Kaye Friend and directed by series regular Sarah Drew. The number in the \"No. overall\"", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14)" }, { "id": "15469257", "text": "Song Beneath the Song \"Song Beneath the Song,\" also known as \"Grey's Anatomy:\" \"The Music Event,\" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy,\" and the one-hundred forty-fourth episode overall. It was named after a song initially performed by American singer Maria Taylor. Written by series creator Shonda Rhimes and directed by Tony Phelan, it premiered on ABC in the United States on March 31, 2011. It is the series's first musical episode, and features the cast performing songs previously featured within the program. It is accompanied by a soundtrack album, titled", "title": "Song Beneath the Song" }, { "id": "18022151", "text": "primetime TV schedule, \"Grey's Anatomy\" was the #5 drama in the 18–49 key demographic. The first half of the season opened to critical acclaim with many calling it the best season in the past few years, the second half however, garnered mixed reviews. With Season 11 being the first in \"Grey's Anatomy\" history to be without Cristina Yang, \"TV.com\" wrote, \"So, the question I had heading into \"Grey's Anatomy\"'s Season 11 premiere was just how much Cristina's absence would be felt. And at the end, I have to say-while the lack of Yang was definitely noticeable, I think the show", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "4811580", "text": "magazine. The show received a renewal for a fifth season, which premiered on September 25, 2008 and concluded on May 14, 2009, consisting of twenty-four episodes. The series was renewed for a sixth season consisting of twenty-four episodes, which commenced on September 24, 2009 and ended on May 20, 2010. During its sixth season, \"Grey's Anatomy\" aired a series of webisodes entitled \"Seattle Grace: On Call\" at ABC.com. ABC renewed the show for a seventh season, which premiered on September 23, 2010 and concluded on May 19, 2011, consisting of twenty-two episodes. This was followed up with \"Seattle Grace: On", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "7310943", "text": "the Outstanding Cast – Drama Series category. Oh also won the Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series at the 12th Screen Actors Guild Awards. Chambers and Pompeo were nominated Choice TV Breakout Performances at the 2005 Teen Choice Awards. Peter Horton and Jeffrey Melman were also nominated for the Best Directing – Drama Series, Night for \"A Hard Day's Night\" and \"Into You Like a Train\" respectively at the 58th Directors Guild of America Awards. The first five episodes of the second season were conceived, written and shot to air as the final five episodes of the first season, but", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 1)" }, { "id": "19523344", "text": "who watched the episodes live. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Grey's Anatomy (season 13) The thirteenth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 22, 2016, in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and consisted of 24 episodes. The season was ordered on March 3, 2016, along with ABC's other shows. The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunners being William Harper and Stacy McKee. This season was the first not to feature Sara Ramirez as Dr. Callie Torres since her introduction in the second", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13)" }, { "id": "5551033", "text": "Kate Atkinson. It starred Mireille Enos and Peter Krause. Later that month, \"Scandal\", \"How to Get Away with Murder\" and \"Grey's Anatomy\" were respectively picked up for their sixth, third and 13th seasons. The following year, it was announced that \"Scandal\" would conclude after its upcoming seventh season, while \"The Catch\" was cancelled after its second. On August 14, 2017, Netflix announced that it had entered into an exclusive multi-year development deal with Rhimes, under which all of her future productions will be Netflix Original series. The service already had purchased U.S. streaming rights to past episodes of \"Grey's Anatomy\"", "title": "Shonda Rhimes" }, { "id": "18761857", "text": "best television of 2015. The A.V. Club's Caroline Siede described the twelfth season of \"Grey's Anatomy\" as \"phenomenal\", stating that the series underwent a \"powerful renaissance this year\". A final grade of B+ was given to the season. Grey's Anatomy (season 12) The twelfth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" was ordered on May 7, 2015, by ABC. It premiered on September 24, 2015, in the United States on ABC. The twelfth season includes the show's 250th episode, Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, which is the fifth episode in the season. The season is produced by ABC", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 12)" }, { "id": "18754162", "text": "A plane crash in downtown Seattle brings a crop of new patients to Grey Sloan Memorial and old memories back to Meredith, Arizona, and Owen. Meredith tries to make it through the day without freaking out about not knowing where Derek is; Bailey gives her a 5:00 time frame for freaking out. No freaking out until 5:00 pm. Alex sticks close to Arizona to make sure that she’s okay, but she finds him more annoying than helpful. Alex tells Arizona that it was he who cut off her leg, not Callie. When asked, Callie tells Arizona that she was the", "title": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18742978", "text": "the series very soon. Despite signing on for two more years at the end of the tenth season of the show, he disclosed that he would make his final appearance in the eleventh season. The official statement was released on April 23, 2015, just a few hours before the airing of \"How to Save a Life\". Dempsey went on to share further details on his character being written out of the show, saying that it happened very quickly and in an organic way. The developments leading up to the impending exit, he said, had begun in February, 2016. Amidst speculation", "title": "How to Save a Life (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "4811476", "text": "the show has been described by the media outlets as a television \"phenomenon\" or a \"juggernaut\", owing to its longevity and dominant ratings. It is considered to have had a significant effect on popular culture and has received numerous awards, including the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama. It has received thirty-eight Primetime Emmy Award nominations, including two for Outstanding Drama Series. The cast members have also received several accolades for their respective performances. \"Grey's Anatomy\" is the longest-running scripted primetime show currently airing on ABC, the longest scripted primetime ABC show ever, and the second-longest primetime", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "18750379", "text": "present in the episode’s final moment, as Derek turned down the Washington DC job, which she clearly things he did just because she wanted him to.\" I Must Have Lost it on the Wind \"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind\" is the season premiere of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 221st episode overall. It aired on September 25, 2014 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Stacy McKee and directed by Kevin McKidd. On its initial airing it was watched by 9.8 million viewers which", "title": "I Must Have Lost it on the Wind" }, { "id": "18754163", "text": "one to make the call anyway, and she wanted her to have Alex and just be mad at her alone. Owen and Amelia’s separation becomes exacerbated when he’s reminded of how he “failed his men” when he hired the service of the plane that went down with his doctors on it. Stephanie, who’s obsessed with finding love, is determined to make her patient remember the pilot with whom she fell in love. The clock finally strikes 5:00 pm, but when Meredith goes to the phone to call Derek, she sees lights from a cop car pulling in her driveway. The", "title": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "7310979", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 2) The second season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy commenced airing on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 25, 2005, and concluded on May 15, 2006. The season was produced by Touchstone Television, in association with Shondaland production company and The Mark Gordon Company, the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. Actors Ellen Pompeo, Sandra Oh, Katherine Heigl, Justin Chambers, and T.R. Knight reprised their roles as surgical interns Meredith Grey, Cristina Yang, Izzie Stevens, Alex Karev, and George O'Malley, respectively. Previous main cast members Chandra Wilson, James Pickens, Jr., Isaiah Washington, and Patrick Dempsey", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 2)" }, { "id": "2622664", "text": "five. On 28 October at the ceremony, Powderfinger performed \"Lost and Running\". The third single from \"Dream Days at the Hotel Existence\", \"Nobody Sees\", was released in December 2007. On 27 September, 2008, Powderfinger performed \"(Baby I've Got You) On My Mind\" and AC/DC's \"Long Way to the Top\" at the AFL Grand Final. Their song \"Drifting Further Away\" featured on \"Grey's Anatomy\"s fifth season in episode 13, \"Stairway to Heaven\", which aired on 21 January, 2009. From mid-June 2009 Powderfinger worked with DiDia producing their seventh studio album, \"Golden Rule\", which was issued on 13 November. The album peaked", "title": "Powderfinger" }, { "id": "19523341", "text": "Away with Murder\", which was the same last year. The remaining 15 episodes will air after the winter break beginning airing on January 26, 2017. In an interview with \"TV Guide\", Kelly McCreary said that the 13th season would be focusing heavily on the characters that have been on the show since the first season; Dr. Meredith Grey, Dr. Alex Karev, Dr. Miranda Bailey and Dr. Richard Webber. McCreary went more into the storyline as she commented that \"After such a long period of time and so many new people coming in and out, they remain the foundational characters of", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13)" }, { "id": "7310962", "text": "on April 26, 2006, almost three months after its original release in the United States, whereas its release date in Region 4 was October 11, 2006. The UK set contained the original fourteen episodes, being released as a three-disc boxset. The season has not been released on Blu-ray disc in any region. The DVD box set is currently no. 899 in Movies and TV on Amazon.com and no. 3452 in Film and TV on Amazon.co.uk. Grey's Anatomy (season 1) The first season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 1)" }, { "id": "4811535", "text": "a lethal birth defect, but April decides that she will carry the baby to term. There is considerable discussion of and questioning of faith. She bears a boy, Samuel, who dies shortly after birth. \"Grey's Anatomy\" has been well received among critics. The show holds an average score of 74% on Rotten Tomatoes. Todd VanDerWerf of \"The A.V. Club\" gave an insight on the series' overwhelming success and the lows, writing that the quality arc is \"all over the place\". He noted the steady build-up in the first season; the series skyrocketing into a phenomenon in the second season; the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "3078620", "text": "from 1995 to 2002. In 2001, Miller's husband, writer-producer Bill Lawrence, conceived a new comedy-drama, \"Scrubs\". Miller was given a guest role as Dr. Cox's (John C. McGinley) acerbic ex-wife Jordan Sullivan. Originally, the character was intended to appear in only one episode; in season 2, the role became recurring. When her young cousin Teddy Ebersol, son of Susan St. James and Dick Ebersol, died in a plane crash in 2004, \"Scrubs\" dedicated the season-4 episode \"My Lucky Charm\" to him. Miller also was the voice of Cleopatra in the short-lived animated show \"Clone High\". She had a leading role", "title": "Christa Miller" }, { "id": "4051156", "text": "regular for season 2. In 2018, Carmack was cast onto the ABC hit medical drama Grey's Anatomy, currently playing \"Ortho God\", Dr. Atticus \"Link\" Lincoln. Carmack announced his engagement to Erin Slaver on March 2, 2016. They married in October 2018. The couple welcomed their daughter on August 30, 2016. \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 1\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 2\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 4\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 5\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 6\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 7\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 8\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season 6: Episode 9\" (2018) \"Nashville, Season", "title": "Chris Carmack" }, { "id": "17314120", "text": "spots higher than ninth season. In the 18-49 key demographic, it ranked 5th and for the 2013-2014 primetime TV schedule, Grey's was the no. 1 drama in the 18-49 key demographic. James Pickens, Jr. and Chandra Wilson were nominated for Outstanding Actor and Outstanding Actress respectively at the 45th NAACP Image Awards. The show also garnered five nominations at the 40th People's Choice Awards. It was announced on May 8, 2014, by ABC that \"Grey's Anatomy\" would return in the fall of 2014 for Season 11. The season follows the story of surgical interns, residents, fellows, and attendings as they", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 10)" }, { "id": "2545012", "text": "the role of Audrey Boudreau (née Raines) for the twelve-episode \"\". In 2015, she had a guest-appearance on the eleventh season premiere of \"Bones\". In 2017, Raver recurred on the fifth season of \"Ray Donovan\" and also returned as Dr. Teddy Altman on \"Grey's Anatomy\" for its 14th season. In the same year, Raver was cast in the recurring role of Andrea Frost on the second season of the ABC political drama \"Designated Survivor\". In May 2018, it was announced that she would once again become a series regular on \"Grey's Anatomy\", beginning with its 15th season. Raver has been", "title": "Kim Raver" }, { "id": "20727484", "text": "7.60 million people, an increase of 0.25 million from the previous installment; it also garnered a 1.9/8 Nielsen rating. \"All of Me\" was also the week's most watched drama and ranked tenth on the list of most watched television programmes overall. The 7.60 million audience was also the lowest rated \"Grey's Anatomy\" season finale to date. All of Me (Grey's Anatomy) \"All of Me\" is the twenty-fourth episode, serving as the season finale of the fourteenth season of the American medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the 317th overall episode, which aired on ABC on May 17, 2018. The", "title": "All of Me (Grey's Anatomy)" } ]	what season is the plane crash greys anatomy
[ "Carl Dean Switzer" ]	[ { "id": "4155524", "text": "played Spanky, Tommy Bond, who had played Butch, and Sidney Kibrick, who had played The Woim. Carl Switzer, Darla Hood and Billie Thomas, who had played Alfalfa, Darla and Buckwheat respectively were already deceased. It was found that Hanna-Barbera's license from King World did not include the likeness rights of the former child actors, and the case was settled out of court. The animated series of \"The Little Rascals\" has been shown in the following regions: The French dub, \"Les Petites Canailles\", replaced the original theme music with a new theme song, performed by a chorus of children over a", "title": "The Little Rascals (animated TV series)" }, { "id": "4711113", "text": "Bug Hall Brandon \"Bug\" Hall (born February 4, 1985) is an American actor. He is best known for his childhood roles as Alfalfa in \"The Little Rascals\" (1994) and Buster Stupid in \"The Stupids\" (1996). Brandon Hall, nicknamed \"Bug\" by his family, was born in Fort Worth, Texas, on February 4, 1985. He is the second oldest in his family. Most popular as a child actor during the 1990s, he is best known for portraying \"Our Gang\" kid Alfalfa in the 1994 film \"The Little Rascals\". He and five others in the cast of \"The Little Rascals\" won a Young", "title": "Bug Hall" }, { "id": "5777166", "text": "during \"The Pac-Man/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show\" (later \"The Monchichis/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show\"). It starred the voices of Patty Maloney as Darla; Peter Cullen as Petey and Officer Ed; Scott Menville as Spanky; Julie McWhirter Dees as Alfalfa, Porky and The Woim; Shavar Ross as Buckwheat, and B.J. Ward as Butch and Waldo. In 1994, Amblin Entertainment and Universal Pictures released \"The Little Rascals\", a feature film based loosely on the series and featuring interpretations of classic \"Our Gang\" shorts, including \"Hearts are Thumps\", \"Rushin' Ballet\", and \"Hi'-Neighbor!\" The film, directed by Penelope Spheeris, starred Travis Tedford as Spanky, Bug Hall", "title": "Our Gang" }, { "id": "5777167", "text": "as Alfalfa, and Ross Bagley as Buckwheat; with cameos by the Olsen twins, Whoopi Goldberg, Mel Brooks, Reba McEntire, Daryl Hannah, Donald Trump and Raven-Symoné. \"The Little Rascals\" was a moderate success for Universal, bringing in $51,764,950 at the box office. In 2014, Universal Pictures released a direct-to-video film, \"The Little Rascals Save the Day\". This was a second film loosely based on the series and featuring interpretations of classic \"Our Gang\" shorts, including \"Helping Grandma\", \"Mike Fright\", and \"Birthday Blues\". The film was directed by Alex Zamm, and starred Jet Jurgensmeyer as Spanky, Drew Justice as Alfalfa, Eden Wood", "title": "Our Gang" }, { "id": "4155518", "text": "in her 1993 feature film adaptation of that series. Eugene Jackson, who played the original Pineapple from the silent \"Our Gang\" comedies, and tried unsuccessfully to contact the studio to be a part of production, stated, \"It's real cold. They have no respect for the old-timers. At least they could have recognized some of the living legends surviving from the first films.\" Filming took place from January 11, 1994 to April 6, 1994. The film received mostly negative critical reviews upon its original release; it holds a 23% aproval rating at Rotten Tomatoes based on reviews from 13 critics. Despite", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155519", "text": "the mostly negative reception, Roger Ebert of \"Chicago Sun-Times\" gave the film a thumbs up. \"The Little Rascals\" earned $10 million at the North American box office during its opening weekend. The film grossed a worldwide total of $67,308,282. Many of the gags and subplots in the film were borrowed from the original \"Our Gang/Little Rascals\" shorts. These include: The Little Rascals (film) The Little Rascals is a 1994 American family comedy film produced by Amblin Entertainment, and released by Universal Pictures on August 5, 1994. The film is an adaptation of Hal Roach's \"Our Gang\", a series of short", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155517", "text": "Darla as well as other girls into the club, adding a \"Women Welcome\" sign onto the front door. Animals Bill Thomas, Jr., son of the late Bill Thomas, who played the original Buckwheat, contacted the studio and was invited down to visit the set, but got the impression that the filmmakers did not want him or any of the surviving original cast members involved in any production capacity. The surviving cast members saw this as especially hurtful, in light of the fact that director Penelope Spheeris had previously made a point of including Buddy Ebsen, from the original \"Beverly Hillbillies\",", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155503", "text": "The Little Rascals (film) The Little Rascals is a 1994 American family comedy film produced by Amblin Entertainment, and released by Universal Pictures on August 5, 1994. The film is an adaptation of Hal Roach's \"Our Gang\", a series of short films of the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s (many of which were broadcast on television as \"The Little Rascals\") which centered on the adventures of a group of neighborhood children. The film, with a screenplay by Paul Guay, Stephen Mazur, and Penelope Spheeriswho also directedpresents several of the \"Our Gang\" characters in an updated setting, and features re-interpretations of several", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4811820", "text": "Alfalfa's Aunt Alfalfa's Aunt is a 1939 comedy short subject, the 176th entry in the \"Our Gang\" (\"Little Rascals\") series originally created by Hal Roach. Produced by Jack Chertok for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and directed by George Sidney, the one-reel short was released to theaters in January 1939 by MGM. It is considered one of the best \"Our Gang\" shorts produced after Roach sold the series to MGM in mid-1938; the post-Roach era is generally considered a subpar era for \"Our Gang\". Alfalfa's Aunt Penelope sends the Switzers a telegram that says that she's coming to visit. She has given up her", "title": "Alfalfa's Aunt" }, { "id": "4155520", "text": "The Little Rascals (animated TV series) The Little Rascals is a 30-minute Saturday morning animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and King World Productions. It first aired on ABC on September 25, 1982. A spin-off based on the live-action \"Our Gang\" comedy shorts, it was broadcast as part of \"The Pac-Man/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show\" in 1982 and then as part of \"The Monchhichis/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show\" in 1983. The characters were designed by Iwao Takamoto and Bob Singer by using tracing paper on top of actual photographs of the real-life characters, and used a pencil to sketch the characters. The", "title": "The Little Rascals (animated TV series)" }, { "id": "11869566", "text": "Govanni Mazzarino; Dave McKenna; Marilyn Monroe; John Pizzarelli; Arthur Prysock; Little Jimmy Scott; Ray Sherman; Dinah Shore; Maxine Sullivan; Russ Tomkins; Russ Tyrell; Steve Tyrell; Sarah Vaughan; Charlie Ventura; Roseanna Vitro; Per Henrik Walin; Ben Waltzer; George Wein; Joe Williams; and A Head In The Sky. Alfalfa from The Little Rascals. \"I'm Thru With Love\" was also used as a leitmotif in Woody Allen's 1996 musical comedy Everyone Says I Love You. It is performed by both Woody Allen and Goldie Hawn in the film. Marilyn Monroe sings the song in the 1959 film Some Like It Hot. Fud Livingston", "title": "Fud Livingston" }, { "id": "4155504", "text": "of the original shorts. It was the first collaboration by Guay and Mazur, whose subsequent comedies were \"Liar Liar\" and \"Heartbreakers\". Another film based on \"Our Gang\", \"The Little Rascals Save the Day\", was released as a direct-to-video feature in 2014. Spanky McFarland (Travis Tedford) is the president of the \"He-Man Woman Haters Club\" with many school-aged boys from around the neighborhood as members. Alfalfa Switzer (Bug Hall), Spanky's best friend, has been chosen to be the driver for the club's prize-winning go-kart, \"The Blur\", in the upcoming Soap Box Derby go-kart race. Alfalfa, however, is not present during this", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155512", "text": "him that the only thing she ever really missed about him was his singing voice. Waldo and Darla also entered the show in a duet. Alfalfa then requests the chance to perform for her and win her back. However, Waldo sabotages his attempts to serenade her by putting soap in his drinking water, causing him to burp out bubbles all throughout his song. The boys try to fund-raise $450, the cost of the lumber needed to rebuild their clubhouse. The youngest club members, Buckwheat (Ross Elliot Bagley) and Porky (Zachary Mabry), have unwittingly come up with $500, not realizing that", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4811823", "text": "a madhouse like this?!\"). The entire situation is explained and all the misunderstandings are cleared up. Before Alfalfa is given a chance to apologize to his Aunt Penelope, John rewards him with a dollar bill just for getting rid of her. Alfalfa's Aunt Alfalfa's Aunt is a 1939 comedy short subject, the 176th entry in the \"Our Gang\" (\"Little Rascals\") series originally created by Hal Roach. Produced by Jack Chertok for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and directed by George Sidney, the one-reel short was released to theaters in January 1939 by MGM. It is considered one of the best \"Our Gang\" shorts produced", "title": "Alfalfa's Aunt" }, { "id": "2843078", "text": "as Alfalfa), and \"The Charlotte Peters Show\" in St. Louis. She did singing and voice-over on TV commercials, which included Campbell Soup and Chicken of the Sea tuna. She was also featured in \"The Little Rascals Christmas Special\" (1979) as the voice of Spanky and Porky's mother. She appeared in her own nightclub act at the Coconut Grove in Los Angeles, the Copacabana in New York, and the Sahara Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. Hood was married twice, first to insurance salesman Robert W. Decker (1949-1957), then to record-company executive Jose Granson (1957-1979). She and Granson had three", "title": "Darla Hood" }, { "id": "16914809", "text": "Peggy Ahern Peggy Lenore Ahearn Blaylock, known professionally as Peggy Ahern, (March 19, 1917 – October 24, 2012) was an American actress best known for her appearance in eight of the \"Our Gang\" series of films released between 1924 and 1927. The \"Our Gang\" series, which were also known \"The Little Rascals\" or \"Hal Roach's Rascals\", were a series of comedic, short, silent films created by director and producer Hal Roach. Ahern was one of the last surviving cast members from a Hal Roach film. Ahern was born in Douglas, Arizona. She moved to Culver City, California, with her family", "title": "Peggy Ahern" }, { "id": "6140106", "text": "Chase appears un-billed, as the character Doris Lenz (\"Mutual, I'm sure!\"). Future Academy Award winner George Chakiris also appears as one of the stone-faced black-clad dancers surrounding Rosemary Clooney in \"Love, You Didn't Do Right by Me\". John Brascia leads the dance troupe and appears opposite Vera-Ellen throughout much of the movie, particularly in the \"Mandy\" and \"Choreography\" numbers. The photo Vera-Ellen shows of her brother Benny (the one Phil refers to as \"Freckle-faced Haynes, the dog-faced boy\") is actually a photo of Carl Switzer, who played Alfalfa in The Little Rascals, in an army field jacket and helmet liner.", "title": "White Christmas (film)" }, { "id": "9227821", "text": "Blake McIver Ewing Blake McIver Ewing (born March 27, 1985), also known as Blake McIver and Blake Ewing, is an American singer-songwriter, actor, model and pianist. He was known for playing Michelle's friend, Derek, on the sitcom \"Full House\". Ewing also portrayed the role of Waldo in the 1994 feature film version of \"The Little Rascals\", and voiced Eugene on \"Hey Arnold!\" during its 5th season (replacing Benjamin Diskin, Jarrett Lennon and Christopher Castile). He is currently one of the hosts of the Bravo series \"The People's Couch\". Ewing co-wrote and performed the song \"Along the River\", the end credit", "title": "Blake McIver Ewing" }, { "id": "4155507", "text": "by Stymie (Kevin Jamal Woods), to guard the go-kart until the day of the race. Alfalfa makes several attempts to win back Darla, including sending her a fake love note. When that fails, Spanky goes with him to formally break things off with Darla. They are initially denied entrance to her ballet recital, but Spanky insists that they will wait for Darla to come out; Spanky gives Alfalfa a frog to play with while they wait. They are soon spotted by the neighborhood bullies, Butch (Sam Saletta) and Woim (Blake Jeremy Collins), who chase them inside the building. To escape,", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155523", "text": "given that all of the \"Our Gang\" shorts were in black-and-white). Also in the animated series, the Rascals met in a treehouse and drove around the town of Greenpoint in a dog-drawn vehicle. Also, the theme music was completely different. In March 1984, \"Our Gang\" actor Eugene Lee, who had played Porky in the original theatrical short films as a child from 1935 to 1939, sued Hanna-Barbera Productions for nearly $2 million, claiming that the animated character was a violation of his likeness rights. He was joined in the lawsuit by other former \"Our Gang\" kids: George McFarland, who had", "title": "The Little Rascals (animated TV series)" }, { "id": "4155506", "text": "cushion, cat litter in sandwiches, etc.). When they finally reveal themselves and demand to come inside the clubhouse, Alfalfa frantically tries to convince Darla to hide in the closet, which leads her to mistakenly believe that Alfalfa feels ashamed of her. In the frenzy, a candle flame gets out of control, ultimately causing the clubhouse to burn down. Darla breaks up with Alfalfa and turns her attentions towards Waldo (Blake McIver Ewing), the new kid in town whose father (Donald Trump) is an oil tycoon. Because Alfalfa burned down the clubhouse and also fraternized with a girl, he is assigned", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155522", "text": "In 1979, Fred Wolf produced an animated \"The Little Rascals Christmas Special\" for NBC. That company's version was further used in animated public service announcements. The animated series and the original live-action \"Our Gang\" films differ in a number of ways. The gang now lives in a contemporary 1980s setting, with computers and television, which could be assumed that these were the descendants of the original Little Rascals. Buckwheat is now a clever inventor and is interested in science, always creating new devices for the gang, and Darla's eyes were changed from hazel to blue (although this detail was trivial", "title": "The Little Rascals (animated TV series)" }, { "id": "5777118", "text": "Our Gang Our Gang (later known as The Little Rascals or Hal Roach's Rascals) is a series of American comedy short films about a group of poor neighborhood children and their adventures. Created by comedy producer Hal Roach, the series was produced from 1922 to 1944 and is noted for showing children behaving in a relatively natural way. Roach and original director Robert F. McGowan worked to film the unaffected, raw nuances apparent in regular children rather than have them imitate adult acting styles. The series broke new ground by portraying white and black boys and girls interacting as equals.", "title": "Our Gang" }, { "id": "14254096", "text": "sung by the character Alfalfa in a 1936 episode of MGM's The Little Rascals entitled \"Bored of Education\". The tune, with the \"Endearing Young Charms\" title, also became a staple of Warner Brothers cartoons, appearing first in the 1944 Private Snafu short \"Booby Traps\". Subsequent uses included the 1951 Merrie Melodies animated cartoon \"Ballot Box Bunny\", 1957 Looney Tunes short \"Show Biz Bugs\" (which reappeared in the 1981 package film), 1965 Road Runner cartoon \"Rushing Roulette\", and finally in a new twist on the gag, with Slappy Squirrel's 1993 introductory episode, \"Slappy Goes Walnuts\", from \"Animaniacs\". Variations were also done", "title": "Believe Me, if All Those Endearing Young Charms" }, { "id": "14312156", "text": "Harold Switzer Harold Frederick Switzer (January 16, 1925 – April 14, 1967) was an American child actor, most notable for appearing in the \"Our Gang\" short subjects series as an extra. He was the older brother of gang member Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer, one of the series' most popular and best-remembered characters. Switzer was born in Paris, Illinois, the first son of Gladys C. Shanks and George Frederick Switzer. He and younger brother Carl became famous around their hometown for their musical talent and performances; both sang and played a number of instruments. The Switzers took a trip to California in", "title": "Harold Switzer" }, { "id": "20733179", "text": "Bobby Mallon Bobby Mallon, born Robert Howard Mallon, (April 7, 1919 - September 10, 2008) was an American actor. He was born in Greybull, Wyoming, USA, and was known for his roles playing Bobby in 13 of the \"Our Gang\" / \"Little Rascals\" series of movies produced by Hal Roach. He left show business after being \"retired\" from the Gang in 1932. He died on September 10, 2008 in Los Angeles, California, USA and was one of the last surviving members of the famed \"The Little Rascals\" series at the time of his death. He is buried at Mount Sinai", "title": "Bobby Mallon" }, { "id": "2827235", "text": "Carl Switzer Carl Dean Switzer (August 7, 1927 – January 21, 1959) was an American singer, child actor, dog breeder and guide. Switzer began his career as a child actor in the mid-1930s appearing in the \"Our Gang\" short subjects series as Alfalfa, one of the series' most popular and best-remembered characters. After leaving the series in 1940, Switzer struggled to find substantial roles owing to typecasting. As an adult, he appeared mainly in bit parts and B-movies. He later became a dog breeder and hunting guide. Switzer married in 1954 and had one son before divorcing in 1957. In", "title": "Carl Switzer" }, { "id": "7502368", "text": "String of Pearls\" on Decca Records in the U.S. and on Brunswick Records in the UK in 1954. Subsequently, in 1947 it was recorded by the accordionist John Serry Sr. and the guitarist Tony Mottola with the noted Joe Biviano Accordion & Rhythm Sextette for Sonora records. It was also sung by Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer and Harold \"Slim\" Switzer in an Our Gang (Little Rascals) short The song's lyrics are about a man and his wife and their hard life due to alcoholism. The tone and tune, however, are bright and cheerful. The first verse of the song is: \"", "title": "Little Brown Jug (song)" }, { "id": "2827252", "text": "\"He didn't have to kill him,\" Corrigan stated decades later. Moses Stiltz died in 1983 at the age of 62. Carl Switzer was interred at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, California. Having died the same day as Cecil B. DeMille, his death received only minor notice in most newspapers, as DeMille's obituary dominated the columns. Carl Switzer Carl Dean Switzer (August 7, 1927 – January 21, 1959) was an American singer, child actor, dog breeder and guide. Switzer began his career as a child actor in the mid-1930s appearing in the \"Our Gang\" short subjects series as Alfalfa, one", "title": "Carl Switzer" }, { "id": "12548233", "text": "Gang\" theme song was an instrumental medley of \"London Bridge\", \"Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush\" and \"The Farmer in the Dell\". It remained in use until the series ended in 1944. The Little Ranger The Little Ranger is a 1938 \"Our Gang\" short comedy film directed by Gordon Douglas. It was the 169th short in the \"Our Gang\" series, and the first produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, who purchased the rights to the series from creator Hal Roach. Snubbed by his girlfriend Darla, Alfalfa accepts the invitation of tomboyish Muggsy to attend the local picture show. While watching the adventures", "title": "The Little Ranger" }, { "id": "11283444", "text": "Roger King (producer) Roger Monroe King (August 22, 1944 – December 8, 2007) was an American television and media executive for King World Productions and CBS. He was a son of Charles King (died 1973), who acquired and marketed the Hal Roach produced comedy series of shorts films \"Our Gang\" (later renamed \"The Little Rascals\") from the 1930s and established a company in 1964 to market and syndicate them, then known as King World Productions or Entertainment, which was acquired in 2000 by CBS Productions (a subsidiary of the CBS Corporation, formerly the Columbia Broadcasting System).<nowiki></nowiki> He was inducted into", "title": "Roger King (producer)" }, { "id": "20733180", "text": "Simi Valley in Simi Valley, CA Bobbie appeared in the following Little Rascal Movies: Bobby Mallon Bobby Mallon, born Robert Howard Mallon, (April 7, 1919 - September 10, 2008) was an American actor. He was born in Greybull, Wyoming, USA, and was known for his roles playing Bobby in 13 of the \"Our Gang\" / \"Little Rascals\" series of movies produced by Hal Roach. He left show business after being \"retired\" from the Gang in 1932. He died on September 10, 2008 in Los Angeles, California, USA and was one of the last surviving members of the famed \"The Little", "title": "Bobby Mallon" }, { "id": "5777188", "text": "\"Our Gang\" actors included: The following is a listing of selected \"Our Gang\" comedies, considered by Leonard Maltin and Richard W. Bann (in their book \"The Little Rascals: The Life and Times of Our Gang\") to be among the best and most important in the series. Notes Bibliography Our Gang Our Gang (later known as The Little Rascals or Hal Roach's Rascals) is a series of American comedy short films about a group of poor neighborhood children and their adventures. Created by comedy producer Hal Roach, the series was produced from 1922 to 1944 and is noted for showing children", "title": "Our Gang" }, { "id": "4155505", "text": "meeting. The boys go to find Alfalfa and they discover him in the company of his sweetheart Darla (Brittany Ashton Holmes), with whom he is forbidden to be in love because she is a girl, which goes against club rules. Alfalfa invites Darla on a picnic, and to prove his devotion to her, he agrees to have the picnic inside the clubhouse. Unbeknownst to Alfalfa, his fellow club members find out about his plans. At the picnic, Alfalfa and Darla think they are alone, but the other club members secretly pull several silly pranks to sabotage their romantic date (whoopee", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "14312160", "text": "Lavon. Harold Switzer Harold Frederick Switzer (January 16, 1925 – April 14, 1967) was an American child actor, most notable for appearing in the \"Our Gang\" short subjects series as an extra. He was the older brother of gang member Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer, one of the series' most popular and best-remembered characters. Switzer was born in Paris, Illinois, the first son of Gladys C. Shanks and George Frederick Switzer. He and younger brother Carl became famous around their hometown for their musical talent and performances; both sang and played a number of instruments. The Switzers took a trip to California", "title": "Harold Switzer" }, { "id": "4155521", "text": "same technique was also used in previous Hanna-Barbera spin-offs such as \"Fonz and the Happy Days Gang\" and \"Laverne and Shirley in the Army\". \"The Little Rascals\" had been animated for television twice before. In the 1960s, a series of nine clay-animated \"Little Rascals Color Specials\" were produced for syndication, presumably by Bura & Hardwick, the British studio responsible for \"Camberwick Green\", using soundtracks from the original \"Our Gang\" films. The episodes include \"Shiver My Timbers\", \"Our Gang Follies of 1936\", \"Second Childhood\", \"Hearts Are Thumps\", \"Came the Brawn\", \"Bear Shooters\", \"Readin' and Writin'\", \"The Pinch Singer\", and \"Teacher's Beau\".", "title": "The Little Rascals (animated TV series)" }, { "id": "8741369", "text": "Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer in the Jell-O Gelatin Pops commercials featuring \"The Little Rascals\". In 1991, Green rose to fame in a Rally's \"Cha Ching\" commercial, which earned him an appearance at a New Orleans Saints game. Green was given a key to New Orleans in honor of his role in the popular commercial. Green appeared in the horror films \"It\" (as Richie Tozier, age 12) and \"Ticks\", all three \"Austin Powers\" movies as Dr. Evil's son, Scott, and \"Enemy of the State\" and \"The Italian Job\" as a computer specialist. He was also in the films \"Can't Hardly Wait\", \"Rat", "title": "Seth Green" }, { "id": "744041", "text": "George McFarland George \"Spanky\" McFarland (October 2, 1928 – June 30, 1993) was an American actor most famous for his appearances as a child in the \"Our Gang\" series of short-subject comedies of the 1930s and 1940s. The \"Our Gang\" shorts were later syndicated to television as \"The Little Rascals\". McFarland was born in Dallas, Texas, on October 2, 1928 to Virginia Winifred (née Phillips) and Robert Emmett McFarland. He had three siblings: Thomas (\"Tommy,\" who appeared in a few \"Our Gang\" episodes as \"Dynamite\"), Amanda, and Roderick (\"Rod\"). He attended Lancaster High School in Lancaster, TX. Before joining the", "title": "George McFarland" }, { "id": "4155513", "text": "their method for earning the money was not exactly honest. Their school teacher, Miss Crabtree (Daryl Hannah), finds out about the scheme and confronts them, but Spanky convinces her to donate the money to be given as first prize in the go-kart derby. As a result of Alfalfa's carelessness, \"The Blur\" is eventually stolen by Butch and Woim, so that now, in addition to having to rebuild the clubhouse, the boys need a new go-kart. They band together to build \"Blur 2: The Sequel,\" and prior to race day, Spanky and Alfalfa (who previously had a falling out when the", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155525", "text": "montage of clips from both the theatrical \"Our Gang\" shorts and the animated shorts. Aired as part of \"The Pac-Man/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show\" Aired as part of \"The Monchhichis/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show\" \"Tiny Terror\", \"Class Act\", \"Porky-O and Julie-Et\" and \"Cap'n Spanky's Showboat\", previously aired during the first season, were rebroadcast on October 8 and 22, and November 5 and 26, 1983 respectively. It was announced on Facebook on April 23, 2016 that the series will not be released on DVD due to reasons beyond Warner Archive's control. The Little Rascals (animated TV series) The Little Rascals is a 30-minute", "title": "The Little Rascals (animated TV series)" }, { "id": "20351712", "text": "Good Old Days (Leroy Shield song) \"Good Old Days\", is a 1930 tune written by Leroy Shield (October 2, 1893 – January 9, 1962) which was the theme song for Hal Roach's \"Our Gang\" comedies, now known as \"The Little Rascals\". The tune was originally written for \"Teacher's Pet\" where it was used repeatedly, and then was used in every subsequent \"Little Rascals\" comedy. The tune caught on immediately, and NBC Radio Network show Kaltenmeyer's Kindergarten also set lyrics to the melody. Laurel & Hardy used the tune in a prison schoolroom scene for their comedy \"Pardon Us\". The tune", "title": "Good Old Days (Leroy Shield song)" }, { "id": "20351713", "text": "was among those revived by modern Swing artists The Beau Hunks for their Leroy Shield tribute album in 1992. Good Old Days (Leroy Shield song) \"Good Old Days\", is a 1930 tune written by Leroy Shield (October 2, 1893 – January 9, 1962) which was the theme song for Hal Roach's \"Our Gang\" comedies, now known as \"The Little Rascals\". The tune was originally written for \"Teacher's Pet\" where it was used repeatedly, and then was used in every subsequent \"Little Rascals\" comedy. The tune caught on immediately, and NBC Radio Network show Kaltenmeyer's Kindergarten also set lyrics to the", "title": "Good Old Days (Leroy Shield song)" }, { "id": "9227823", "text": "Blake released his equality anthem \"This Is Who We Are\" on July 14, 2015 and works as a host for AfterBuzz TV. Blake McIver Ewing Blake McIver Ewing (born March 27, 1985), also known as Blake McIver and Blake Ewing, is an American singer-songwriter, actor, model and pianist. He was known for playing Michelle's friend, Derek, on the sitcom \"Full House\". Ewing also portrayed the role of Waldo in the 1994 feature film version of \"The Little Rascals\", and voiced Eugene on \"Hey Arnold!\" during its 5th season (replacing Benjamin Diskin, Jarrett Lennon and Christopher Castile). He is currently one", "title": "Blake McIver Ewing" }, { "id": "6330472", "text": "Jane Carr Ellen Jane Carr (born 13 August 1950) is an English actress. She is well known for the voice role of \"Pud'n\" on the animated \"The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy\" (US, 2001–2007). She also played a character called \"Pudding\" in the Jilly Cooper-penned BBC sitcom \"It's Awfully Bad For Your Eyes, Darling\" (UK, 1971). Carr was born in Loughton, Essex, England, the daughter of Patrick Carr, a steel erector and Gwendoline Rose (née Clark), a post office employee. Her earliest film role was as Mary McGregor in the 1969 British film \"The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie\".", "title": "Jane Carr" }, { "id": "4155508", "text": "the boys duck into a costume room and disguise themselves in ballet drag. They manage to evade the bullies, but when they attempt to enter another room to get out of their disguises, they are surprised to find the room filled with girls, including Darla, dressed in ballet outfits. The boys nervously pretend to be in the recital that is about to take place, but Alfalfa almost gives them away when the frog he is still holding croaks. Just as they are about to back out of the room, the ballet mistress (Lea Thompson) enters and ushers them all on", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "1809196", "text": "filed for divorce. Robert Blake (actor) Robert Blake (born Michael James Gubitosi, September 18, 1933) is an American actor. He had starring roles in the film \"In Cold Blood\" and the U.S. television series \"Baretta\". Blake began performing as a child, with a lead role in the final years of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's \"Our Gang\" (\"Little Rascals\") short film series from 1939 to 1944. He also appeared as a child actor in 22 entries of the \"Red Ryder\" film franchise. In the Red Ryder series and in many of his other roles as an adult, he was cast as a Native American", "title": "Robert Blake (actor)" }, { "id": "1809166", "text": "Robert Blake (actor) Robert Blake (born Michael James Gubitosi, September 18, 1933) is an American actor. He had starring roles in the film \"In Cold Blood\" and the U.S. television series \"Baretta\". Blake began performing as a child, with a lead role in the final years of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's \"Our Gang\" (\"Little Rascals\") short film series from 1939 to 1944. He also appeared as a child actor in 22 entries of the \"Red Ryder\" film franchise. In the Red Ryder series and in many of his other roles as an adult, he was cast as a Native American or Latino character.", "title": "Robert Blake (actor)" }, { "id": "4155510", "text": "Alfalfa finally grabs his stomach catching the frog. The recital ends, and the boys run off stage. The ballet mistress, furious that they ruined her recital, confronts them and throws them out immediately, Alfalfa in his underwear and Spanky still in drag. Butch and Woim are waiting for them outside the door, so Spanky distracts them while Alfalfa sneaks out. When Spanky loses his wig, the bullies give chase. Spanky manages to lose them, but they bump into Alfalfa, who is trying to run home in his underwear. They chase him into a mansion, but are turned away by the", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "1340313", "text": "The Rascals The Rascals (initially known as The Young Rascals) were an American rock band, formed in Garfield, New Jersey in 1965. Between 1966 and 1968 the New Jersey act reached the top 20 of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 with nine singles, including the #1s \"Good Lovin'\" (1966), \"Groovin'\" (1967), and \"People Got to Be Free\" (1968), as well as big radio hits such as the much-covered \"How Can I Be Sure?\" (#4 1967) and \"A Beautiful Morning\" (#3 1968), plus another critical favorite \"A Girl Like You\" (#10 1967). The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall", "title": "The Rascals" }, { "id": "12548228", "text": "his archrival Butch. What happens next determines Alfalfa's destiny when he wakes up from his dream. Dix Davis, Tim Davis, Calvin Robert Ellison, Joe \"Corky\" Geil, Henry Lee, Joe Levine, Harold Switzer, Fred Walburn \"The Little Ranger\" was the first \"Our Gang\" entry to be produced at MGM. By 1936, Hal Roach, who had produced the series at his studio since 1922, had wanted to get out of the increasingly less profitable short subjects market and into feature films. While Roach successfully moved Laurel and Hardy into features and began producing several other feature properties such as \"Topper\", the \"Our", "title": "The Little Ranger" }, { "id": "1340329", "text": "Vocal Group Hall of Fame. In August 2007 the Rascals' catalog of Atlantic Records albums was re-released by Atlantic Records affiliate Rhino Records. On June 18, 2009, Eddie Brigati and Felix Cavaliere were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame at a ceremony in New York City. The Rascals The Rascals (initially known as The Young Rascals) were an American rock band, formed in Garfield, New Jersey in 1965. Between 1966 and 1968 the New Jersey act reached the top 20 of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 with nine singles, including the #1s \"Good Lovin'\" (1966), \"Groovin'\" (1967), and \"People Got", "title": "The Rascals" }, { "id": "4155514", "text": "latter discovers the gang's \"prank list\") reconcile their friendship and decide to ride in the two-seat go-kart together. They hope to win the prize money and the trophy, which is to be presented to the winners by A.J. Ferguson. Butch and Woim make several sneaky attempts to stop Alfalfa and Spanky from winning the race. Waldo and Darla are also in the go-kart race, but they are eventually annoyed with each other, and Waldo seemingly kicks Darla out from his car midway through the race. In a wild dash to the finish, and despite the many scrapes and crashes throughout", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "15029916", "text": "Rascals (film) Rascals is a Bollywood action black comedy film directed by David Dhawan. The film stars Arjun Rampal in a special guest appearance. Sanjay Dutt, Ajay Devgn, Kangana Ranaut and Lisa Haydon are featured in lead roles. It was presented by Bharat Shah. The film released on 6 October 2011, and received mixed to negative response from critics. Despite opening strongly, it was a huge box office flop. Storyline of the movie is similar to the 1988 movie \"Dirty Rotten Scoundrels\". Chetan Chauhan (Sanjay Dutt) and Bhagat Bhosle (Ajay Devgn) are two con artists, who have recently robbed Anthony", "title": "Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "6840290", "text": "John Wayne co-productions that starred Wayne. This production practice would not become widespread until the 1980s and 1990s, when stars from Robert Redford to Sandra Bullock took control of productions. Both films were aviation dramas and shared many of the same crew members and production staff. Along with Wayne, six actors appeared in both films: Regis Toomey, Paul Fix, Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer, Ann Doran, George Chandler and Michael Wellman (the director's son). Ernest K. Gann, the author of the books on which both films were based, also wrote the two screenplays. \"Island in the Sky\" premiered in Los Angeles on", "title": "Island in the Sky (1953 film)" }, { "id": "4155511", "text": "maid. Alfalfa gets through and escapes out the back door, but is chased by Waldo's Doberman and he leaps into a pool and swims to the other side. As he climbs out, he notices his underwear floating on the surface of the pool. As Alfalfa retrieves his underwear, he discovers Darla and Waldo in a hot tub, laughing at him, to his embarrassment. Waldo's doberman then chases Alfalfa off the property. At the carnival talent show the day before the race, Alfalfa once again tries to win Darla back, this time through song, being that Darla mentioned after she dumped", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4155509", "text": "stage. The recital begins, and the boys meet up on center stage. Alfalfa hands the frog to Spanky, but Spanky opens up Alfalfa’s costume and drops the frog inside. Alfalfa freaks out, turning the show to chaos. The frog moves every where in alfalfa’s clothes. Alfalfa feels the slime and cold frog move around his body. The girls break out into laughter, along with the audience. Alfalfa grabs his body, trying to catch the frog. It goes from his thigh, to back, to his stomach, to his chest, and his back, where the frog eventually pees, causing alfalfa to gasp.", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4707832", "text": "Short Subject (Two Reeler) Oscar in 1947. Other Monogram films to receive Oscar nominations were \"King of the Zombies\" for Academy Award for Best Music (Music Score of a Dramatic Picture) in 1941 and \"Flat Top\" for Best Film Editing in 1952. Monogram cautiously entered the field of television syndication. Studios usually avoided putting their own names on their television subsidiaries, fearing adverse reaction from their movie-theater customers, the noticeable exception to this being Paramount. Monogram followed suit, christening its TV arm as Interstate Television Corporation. Interstate's biggest success was the Little Rascals series (formerly Hal Roach's \"Our Gang\" comedies,", "title": "Monogram Pictures" }, { "id": "16914810", "text": "in 1921. She began her film career as a child actor in the 1923 Hal Roach film, \"The Call of the Wild\", which was released by Universal Studios. She next appeared in small roles in two films, both released in 1925: \"Excuse Me\", starring Norma Shearer, and \"Not So Long Ago\", starring Ricardo Cortez and Betty Bronson. Ahern was then cast by Roach in eight of his \"Little Rascal\" films from 1924 to 1927: \"Cradle Robbers\" in 1924, \"The Sun Down Limited\" in 1924, \"Circus Fever\" in 1925, \"Dog Days\" in 1925, \"The Love Bug\" in 1925, \"Official Officers\" in", "title": "Peggy Ahern" }, { "id": "744051", "text": "thereafter. Sixties folk-rock group Spanky and Our Gang named themselves after McFarland's character because singer Elaine \"Spanky\" McFarlane's surname was similar to his. McFarland appeared as \"Spanky\" in 95 \"Our Gang films\" between 1932 and 1942. He also appeared in: George McFarland George \"Spanky\" McFarland (October 2, 1928 – June 30, 1993) was an American actor most famous for his appearances as a child in the \"Our Gang\" series of short-subject comedies of the 1930s and 1940s. The \"Our Gang\" shorts were later syndicated to television as \"The Little Rascals\". McFarland was born in Dallas, Texas, on October 2, 1928", "title": "George McFarland" }, { "id": "2525014", "text": "Joseph Ashton (actor) Joseph Ashton Valencia (born November 18, 1986) is an American former film actor and voice actor. Ashton was born in California; both of his parents have Cherokee ancestors. He is a graduate of the University of La Verne, where he majored in TV and radio broadcasting. He starred in The Little Rascals, The Education of Little Tree and a remake of Where the Red Fern Grows. Joseph Ashton is an award-winning actor in television and films. Joseph's voice is immediately recognized as the lead character 'Oswald \"Otto\" Rocket' on Nickelodeon's popular animated series \"Rocket Power\". Joseph was", "title": "Joseph Ashton (actor)" }, { "id": "13884277", "text": "friend, Speck. And that's about what he is. Switzer's dialogue consists of little more than saying \"Gee willikers\" or words to that effect over and over and over again and grinning like he's still 8 years old. He was 17 when this picture was made and seems to be sober, which was a rare thing for Alfalfa after he out grew the Little Rascals series. Shame to see a former leading man reduced to this level. Original score written by Lee Zahler, performed by MGM studio orchestra The Great Mike The Great Mike is a 1944 American film directed by", "title": "The Great Mike" }, { "id": "12548227", "text": "The Little Ranger The Little Ranger is a 1938 \"Our Gang\" short comedy film directed by Gordon Douglas. It was the 169th short in the \"Our Gang\" series, and the first produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, who purchased the rights to the series from creator Hal Roach. Snubbed by his girlfriend Darla, Alfalfa accepts the invitation of tomboyish Muggsy to attend the local picture show. While watching the adventures of his favorite cowboy star, Alfalfa dreams that he himself is a Wild West sheriff, with his pals Buckwheat and Porky as deputies. Naturally, Darla also figures prominently in Alfalfa's dream, as does", "title": "The Little Ranger" }, { "id": "13220839", "text": "for children so young were few and she often played bits as well as featured roles. She was one of the most popular child stars of her day, and was Universal Pictures' youngest star in 1934. Quigley was briefly involved in the \"Our Gang\" film series. In 1940, she was the guest-starring lead in \"The New Pupil\" when cast as Sally, who briefly takes Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer away from Darla Hood. Two years later, she reprised the character in \"Going to Press\" (1942), the only time in the MGM era where the female lead was played by someone other than", "title": "Juanita Quigley" }, { "id": "11283450", "text": "did for me. And this industry will never forget his legendary presence. He was truly a great guy\". Roger King (producer) Roger Monroe King (August 22, 1944 – December 8, 2007) was an American television and media executive for King World Productions and CBS. He was a son of Charles King (died 1973), who acquired and marketed the Hal Roach produced comedy series of shorts films \"Our Gang\" (later renamed \"The Little Rascals\") from the 1930s and established a company in 1964 to market and syndicate them, then known as King World Productions or Entertainment, which was acquired in 2000", "title": "Roger King (producer)" }, { "id": "7952089", "text": "a rental film studio that provided a home for many director/producers who were just getting started (a business model that today would be called an \"incubator\"). Director Hal Roach worked here, making films starring Harold Lloyd as \"Lonesome Luke\". (Hal Roach was well known in this period, but would become even more famous in the 1920s with hits including the \"Our Gang\" / \"Little Rascals\" series, and would build his own studio in Culver City.) Charlie Chaplin also worked here briefly, under the Lone Star Studios moniker, before setting up his own studio at 1025 Lillian Way in Hollywood. Other", "title": "Edendale, Los Angeles" }, { "id": "4181956", "text": "Eugene Gordon Lee Eugene Gordon Lee (October 25, 1933 – October 16, 2005) was an American child actor, most notable for appearing in the \"Our Gang\" (\"Little Rascals\") comedies as Porky from 1935 to 1939. During his tenure in \"Our Gang\", Porky originated the catchphrase \"O-tay!\", though it is commonly attributed to Buckwheat. Lee was born in Fort Worth, Texas as Eugene Lee, and was adopted. Lee got his break in motion pictures in 1935, after producer Hal Roach noted how much the eighteen-month-old toddler looked like \"Our Gang\" star Spanky McFarland, also from Texas. The Lee family traveled from", "title": "Eugene Gordon Lee" }, { "id": "16101606", "text": "★ Kaitlin Cullum - \"Grace Under Fire\" (ABC) ★ Jason Weaver (duet with ) - \"The Lion King\" (Walt Disney) ★ (duet with Jason Weaver) - \"The Lion King\" (Walt Disney) ★ \"The Little Rascals\" (Universal Pictures) - Ross Bagley, Travis Tedford, Bug Hall, Brittany Ashton Holmes, and ★ \"My So-Called Life\" (ABC) - Claire Danes, Wilson Cruz, Devon Gummersall, A.J. Langer, Devon Odessa and Lisa Wilhoit ★ \"My So-Called Life\" (ABC) ★ \"Dragonworld\" (Paramount) ★ \"The Lion King\" (Walt Disney) ★ \"Lassie\" (Paramount) ★ New Line Cinema - \"The Swan Princess\" ★ Youth Cast and Producers for \"Home Improvement\"", "title": "16th Youth in Film Awards" }, { "id": "5777154", "text": "name at Roach were two separate people or not. By 1938, Alfalfa had surpassed Spanky as \"Our Gang's\" lead character; Spanky McFarland had departed from the series just before its sale to MGM. Casting his replacement was delayed until after the move to MGM, at which point it was arranged to re-hire McFarland. Porky was replaced in 1939 by Mickey Gubitosi, later known by the stage name of Robert Blake. Tommy Bond, Darwood Kaye, and Carl Switzer all left the series in 1940, and Billy \"Froggy\" Laughlin (with his Popeye-esque trick voice) and Janet Burston were added to the cast.", "title": "Our Gang" }, { "id": "13884276", "text": "Slagles have been arrested for their crime, Junior, Jimmy's friend, appears at the stable with news that his family is to be transferred out of state. Junior offers to sell Jimmy Corky's brother Mickey, and when Mickey and Mike begin to cavort, Jimmy realizes that Mike is ready to race again. Spencer and Jimmy enter Mike in a race against the colonel's champion horse, and when Mike wins the race, he earns the colonel's admiration and a generous purse, which Jimmy uses to finance a newsboys' clubhouse. Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer make a rare post Little Rascals appearance as Jimmy's dim-witted", "title": "The Great Mike" }, { "id": "15029927", "text": "of that sum. It is just an arm twisting technique that they are employing to recover that sum.they are big farters Rascals (film) Rascals is a Bollywood action black comedy film directed by David Dhawan. The film stars Arjun Rampal in a special guest appearance. Sanjay Dutt, Ajay Devgn, Kangana Ranaut and Lisa Haydon are featured in lead roles. It was presented by Bharat Shah. The film released on 6 October 2011, and received mixed to negative response from critics. Despite opening strongly, it was a huge box office flop. Storyline of the movie is similar to the 1988 movie", "title": "Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "3135280", "text": "Liar Liar Liar Liar is a 1997 American fantasy comedy film directed by Tom Shadyac, written by Paul Guay and Stephen Mazur and starring Jim Carrey, who was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in Comedy. The film is the second of three collaborations between Carrey and Shadyac, the first being \"\" and the third being \"Bruce Almighty\". It is also the second of three collaborations between Guay and Mazur, the others being \"The Little Rascals\" and \"Heartbreakers\". It has been unofficially remade in Bollywood as \"Kyo Kii... Main Jhuth Nahin Bolta\". In Los Angeles, career-focused lawyer", "title": "Liar Liar" }, { "id": "1809169", "text": "that he was physically and sexually abused by his parents while growing up and was frequently locked in a closet and forced to eat off the floor. At age 14, he ran away from home, leading to several more difficult years. His father committed suicide in 1956. Then known as \"Mickey Gubitosi\", Blake began his acting career as Toto in the MGM movie \"Bridal Suite\" (1939) starring Annabella and Robert Young. Gubitosi then began appearing in MGM's \"Our Gang\" short subjects (a.k.a. \"The Little Rascals\") under his real name, replacing Eugene \"Porky\" Lee. He appeared in 40 of the shorts", "title": "Robert Blake (actor)" }, { "id": "9011951", "text": "The Boy Friends The Boy Friends is a series of American Pre-Code comedy short films released between 1930 and 1932. The series consisted of fifteen films and was spun off from the long running \"Our Gang\" film series (also known as \"The Little Rascals\"). Like the \"Our Gang\" shorts of the time, \"The Boy Friends\" films were two-reel short subjects produced by Hal Roach through Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. They featured teenaged actors including some, particularly Mickey Daniels and Mary Kornman, who as children had starred in the early silent \"Our Gang\" shorts. Grady Sutton was also a lead player in the series.", "title": "The Boy Friends" }, { "id": "12562079", "text": "replaced Gary Jasgar as the tag-along toddler, assumed the role vacated by Porky at the beginning of \"Our Gang's\" 1939-40 season of shorts. Darla Hood became ill during the filming of \"Auto Antics\". One shot features the kids hanging on to the back of the dogcatchers' truck as it starts down the road. Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer was, according to Hood in a later interview, \"in one of his little moods\" and ruined every take of that shot. At the end of the thirty-second take, Hood passed out from the exhaust fumes and had to be escorted to the hospital. Auto", "title": "Auto Antics" }, { "id": "4155516", "text": "revealed that it had been Darla who had kicked Waldo out of their car and finished the race alone because she found out that Waldo was responsible for the bubbles at the talent show. Spanky, meanwhile, is shocked at the trophy presentation when he finally meets his favorite driver, A.J. Ferguson, who turns out to be female (Reba McEntire). Spanky confesses to Darla that he and the boys pulled the pranks on her at their picnic lunch, not Alfalfa. After the club house is rebuilt, the boys collectively have a change of heart towards membership and they decide to welcome", "title": "The Little Rascals (film)" }, { "id": "4181971", "text": "appeared in \"Classic Comedy Teams\", a 1986 documentary that looked at the \"Our Gang\" actors and other screen comedians. Cobb died of natural causes on May 21, 2002 in Santa Ana, California. Joe Cobb Joe Frank Cobb (November 7, 1915 – May 21, 2002) was an American child actor, most notable for appearing as the original \"fat boy\" in the \"Our Gang\" comedies from 1922 to 1929. Some sources such as the first edition (1977) of \"Our Gang: The Life and Times of the Little Rascals\" documented him as being born in 1916 or 1917; however the Oklahoma birth index", "title": "Joe Cobb" }, { "id": "9011953", "text": "located in Roach's home town of Elmira, New York. The Boy Friends The Boy Friends is a series of American Pre-Code comedy short films released between 1930 and 1932. The series consisted of fifteen films and was spun off from the long running \"Our Gang\" film series (also known as \"The Little Rascals\"). Like the \"Our Gang\" shorts of the time, \"The Boy Friends\" films were two-reel short subjects produced by Hal Roach through Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. They featured teenaged actors including some, particularly Mickey Daniels and Mary Kornman, who as children had starred in the early silent \"Our Gang\" shorts. Grady", "title": "The Boy Friends" }, { "id": "6203274", "text": "Wayne Morris (American actor) Wayne Morris (February 17, 1914 – September 14, 1959) was an American film and television actor, as well as a decorated World War II fighter ace. He appeared in many films, including \"Paths of Glory\" (1957), \"The Bushwackers\" (1952), and the title role of \"Kid Galahad\" (1937). Morris was born Bert DeWayne Morris, or Bert De Wayne Morris, in Los Angeles. (Another source says that he was born in Pasadena, California.) He attended Los Angeles City College and was a fullback on that school's varsity football team. He gained acting experience through his work at the", "title": "Wayne Morris (American actor)" }, { "id": "4181968", "text": "Joe Cobb Joe Frank Cobb (November 7, 1915 – May 21, 2002) was an American child actor, most notable for appearing as the original \"fat boy\" in the \"Our Gang\" comedies from 1922 to 1929. Some sources such as the first edition (1977) of \"Our Gang: The Life and Times of the Little Rascals\" documented him as being born in 1916 or 1917; however the Oklahoma birth index indicates he was born in 1915. Born in Shawnee, Oklahoma on November 7, 1915, Cobb auditioned for producer Hal Roach's \"Our Gang\" comedy series at the age of five in 1921. He", "title": "Joe Cobb" }, { "id": "5412319", "text": "going to be big, Gabby Hayes big!\", in reference to the American actor Gabby Hayes. Moe Szyslak, the bartender of Moe's Tavern, says that he, as a kid, played the part of Smelly on \"The Little Rascals\", until he killed Alfalfa for stealing his schtick. Bill Withers' song \"Lean on Me\" from 1972 is played at the end of the episode. In one scene, Comic Book Guy sends a message to other Internet nerds about who will star in the new \"Radioactive Man\" film, two of whom are the nerds Homer met in \"Homer Goes to College\", and one is", "title": "Radioactive Man (The Simpsons episode)" }, { "id": "4539313", "text": "Patty Maloney Patricia Anne Maloney (born March 17, 1936) is an American actress with dwarfism. She was born in Perkinsville, New York. She stands 3 feet 11 inches (119 cm) and weighs 60 pounds (27 kg). Maloney is best known as Honk from \"Far Out Space Nuts\", as Lumpy from the \"Star Wars Holiday Special\", and as Darla Hood from the animated TV series version of \"The Little Rascals\". She was often a guest on the 1970s variety series \"Donny & Marie\", and portrayed the robot waitress Tina in the \"Buck Rogers in the 25th Century\" episode \"Cruise Ship to", "title": "Patty Maloney" }, { "id": "14312050", "text": "role was in \"Canned Fishing\" when Spanky and Alfalfa are desperately trying to get out of babysitting little Junior. At age 4, Jasgur left the series \"before he knew he had been in it,\" as film critic Leonard Maltin commented. Gary was actually Jasgur's middle name, and in high school he preferred to be called Mel. Jasgur married in 1956. As an adult, Jasgur operated a small retail spa business in Southern California. He died on August 22, 1994 at age 58 in California, and is survived by four children and ten grandchildren. Gary Jasgur Gary Jasgur (November 8, 1935", "title": "Gary Jasgur" }, { "id": "15588358", "text": "Young Rascals (also known simply as the Rascals), such as Groovin' and Good Lovin'. The New Rascals The New Rascals are an American musical group featuring Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees Dino Danelli and Gene Cornish from the original band The Rascals, with Bill Pascali of Vanilla Fudge 2001 and Charlie Souza formerly with Tom Petty's Mudcrutch and White Witch. In 1971, the band members were Dino Danelli drummer, Felix Cavaliere singer & B3 organ, singer Annie Sutton, and guitarist Buzz Feiten, In 2008, the group performed on a live video recording, \"New Rascals Reloaded\" with Eddie Brigati,", "title": "The New Rascals" }, { "id": "4695501", "text": "that includes never-before-released recordings and extensive liner notes. Spanky and Our Gang Spanky and Our Gang was an American 1960s sunshine pop band led by Elaine \"Spanky\" McFarlane. The band derives its name from Hal Roach's popular \"Our Gang\" comedies of the 1930s (known to modern audiences as \"The Little Rascals\"), because of the similarity of her surname with that of George McFarland (Spanky). The group was known for its vocal harmonies. The group's first album was released by Mercury Records on August 1, 1967, with three popular songs that were released as singles. These were \"Sunday Will Never Be", "title": "Spanky and Our Gang" }, { "id": "11478640", "text": "in this film. When the television rights for the original silent Pathé Our Gang comedies were sold to National Telepix and other distributors, several episodes were retitled. This film was released into TV syndication as Mischief Makers in 1960 under the title \"Boarding School\". About two-thirds of the original film was included. All of the original inter-titles were cut. Boys to Board Boys to Board is the 11th \"Our Gang\" short subject comedy released. The \"Our Gang\" series (later known as \"The Little Rascals\") was created by Hal Roach in 1922, and continued production until 1944. A kindly old school", "title": "Boys to Board" }, { "id": "4716629", "text": "Gang\" did not become profitable again until Hal Roach bought back the 1927-1938 Roach-produced \"Our Gang\" comedies (excluding \"General Spanky\") from MGM in 1949 and later syndicated the Roach-produced shorts to television as \"The Little Rascals\" (and, after 1950, several theatrical reissues through Monogram Pictures and Allied Artists), leading to its renewed popularity from the 1950s on. Dancing Romeo Dancing Romeo is a 1944 \"Our Gang\" short comedy film directed by Cyril Endfield. Produced and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, it was the 220th and final \"Our Gang\" short to be released. Froggy has a crush on a young girl named Marilyn,", "title": "Dancing Romeo" }, { "id": "14312157", "text": "1934 to visit with family members. While sightseeing they eventually wound up at Hal Roach Studios. Following a public tour of the facility, 8-year-old Harold and 6-year-old Carl entered into the Hal Roach Studio's public cafeteria, the \"Our Gang\" Café, and began an impromptu performance. Producer Hal Roach was present at the commissary that day and was impressed by the performance. He signed both Switzers to appear in \"Our Gang\". Harold was given two nicknames, \"Slim\" and \"Deadpan,\" and Carl was dubbed \"Alfalfa.\" The Switzer brothers first appeared in the 1935 \"Our Gang\" short, \"Beginner's Luck\". Harold played the mandolin,", "title": "Harold Switzer" }, { "id": "11435351", "text": "The Champeen The Champeen is the seventh \"Our Gang\" short subject comedy released. The \"Our Gang\" series (later known as \"The Little Rascals\") was created by Hal Roach in 1922, and continued production until 1944. After getting caught for stealing apples, Sammy starts to promote boxing matches to pay back the grocer. Mickey and Jack challenge each other in a match, with each hoping to gain the affection of Mary Kornman. When the television rights for the original silent Pathé Our Gang comedies were sold to National Telepix and other distributors, several episodes were retitled. This film was released into", "title": "The Champeen" }, { "id": "5777165", "text": "pilots for new \"Little Rascals\" television series, but none ever went into production. In 1977, Norman Lear tried to revive the Rascals franchise, taping three pilot episodes of \"The Little Rascals\". The pilots were not bought, but were notable for including Gary Coleman. 1979 brought \"The Little Rascals Christmas Special\", an animated holiday special produced by Murakami-Wolf-Swenson, written by Romeo Muller and featuring the voice work of Darla Hood (who died suddenly before the special aired) and Matthew \"Stymie\" Beard. From 1982 to 1984, Hanna-Barbera Productions produced a Saturday morning cartoon version of \"The Little Rascals\", which aired on ABC", "title": "Our Gang" }, { "id": "4695494", "text": "Spanky and Our Gang Spanky and Our Gang was an American 1960s sunshine pop band led by Elaine \"Spanky\" McFarlane. The band derives its name from Hal Roach's popular \"Our Gang\" comedies of the 1930s (known to modern audiences as \"The Little Rascals\"), because of the similarity of her surname with that of George McFarland (Spanky). The group was known for its vocal harmonies. The group's first album was released by Mercury Records on August 1, 1967, with three popular songs that were released as singles. These were \"Sunday Will Never Be the Same\" (their biggest hit, which reached number", "title": "Spanky and Our Gang" }, { "id": "11429174", "text": "title \"Music Lesson\". About two-thirds of the original film was included. Most of scenes from the first half of the film that showed the various gang members at home were cut; all of the original inter-titles were also cut. The film was also released for home viewing as \"Hooray for Holidays\". Saturday Morning (1922 film) Saturday Morning is the fifth \"Our Gang\" short subject comedy released. The \"Our Gang\" series (later known as \"The Little Rascals\") was created by Hal Roach in 1922, and continued production until 1944. The various boys of the gang each manage to escape their responsibilities", "title": "Saturday Morning (1922 film)" }, { "id": "11435352", "text": "TV syndication as \"Mischief Makers\" in 1960 under the title \"Big Fight\". About two-thirds of the original film was included. The scene where Mickey and Tuffy race to get sodas for Mary was included in the hybrid Mischief Makers episode \"Play Ball!\". This short was remade as a part-talking film, \"Boxing Gloves,\" in 1929, with Joe Cobb and Chubby Chaney fighting over the affections of Jean Darling, and Farina as the promoter and referee. The Champeen The Champeen is the seventh \"Our Gang\" short subject comedy released. The \"Our Gang\" series (later known as \"The Little Rascals\") was created by", "title": "The Champeen" }, { "id": "19828589", "text": "Mask Jim Carrey, Tim Allen, The Santa Clause Speed Forrest Gump Rookie of the Year The Lion King Sylvester Stallone Brian Grazer Mariah Carey Kenny G The Eagles Eric Clapton Anita Baker Luther Vandross Boys II Men Sheryl Crow Ace of Base Alan Jackson Reba McEntire Beastie Boys Green Day Boys II Men-II The Lion King 1st Blockbuster Entertainment Awards The 1st Blockbuster Entertainment Awards were held on June 3, 1995 at the Pantages Theatre in Los Angeles. The awards originally had categories for both video and theatrical releases. Below is a complete list of winners. Sandra Bullock, Speed Sandra", "title": "1st Blockbuster Entertainment Awards" }, { "id": "4184626", "text": "Gang\" appearances, Kaye portrayed \"Waldo\", a rich kid with an officious, studious nature about him who competed with schoolmates \"Alfalfa \" Switzer and \"Butch\" Bond for the affections of little Darla Hood. Kaye remained a semi-regular in \"Our Gang\" through 1940, by which time production of the series had moved from the Hal Roach studio to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. After leaving the \"Our Gang\" series Kaye appeared as \"Waldo\" in \"Barnyard Follies\" at Republic Pictures in late 1940. Minor roles in other films included the musical \"Best Foot Forward\" with Lucille Ball and \"Kansas City Kitty\", in both of which he played", "title": "Darwood Kaye" }, { "id": "820324", "text": "Little Fugitive (1953 film) Little Fugitive (1953) is an American film written and directed by Raymond Abrashkin (as \"Ray Ashley\"), Morris Engel and Ruth Orkin, that tells the story of a child alone in Coney Island. The film stars Richie Andrusco in the title role, and Richard Brewster as his brother Lennie. \"Little Fugitive\" influenced the French New Wave and is considered by modern-day critics to be a landmark film because of its naturalistic style and groundbreaking use of nonprofessional actors in lead roles. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Writing, Motion Picture Story and screened at", "title": "Little Fugitive (1953 film)" }, { "id": "17961382", "text": "Gang/Little Rascals\" shorts. These include: The film features a handful of inside jokes for fans of both the original Little Rascals and the 1994 film adaptation. These include: The Little Rascals Save the Day The Little Rascals Save the Day is a 2014 American direct-to-video comedy film released by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment. The film is the second motion picture film succeeding the major 1994 film, and it is an adaptation of Hal Roach's \"Our Gang\", a series of short films of the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s (many of which were broadcast on television as \"The Little Rascals\") which centered", "title": "The Little Rascals Save the Day" }, { "id": "20561127", "text": "Alfalfa from the Little Rascals series, tells Anderson to break Maitland's alibi in order to turn a long court battle into an open-and-shut case. Anderson discovers, however, that not only do multiple eyewitnesses confirm Maitland was out of town when the murder occurred, at a writer's conference in a neighboring fictional town known as Cap City, but security footage provides confirmation as well. With the assistance of private investigator Holly Gibney (a character from King's novel \"Mr. Mercedes\"), Anderson begins to dig deeper into the case, following a trail of clues that takes the duo to the fictional town of", "title": "The Outsider (King novel)" }, { "id": "4292400", "text": "Terry Moore (actress) Helen Luella Koford (born January 7, 1929), better known as Terry Moore, is an American film and television actress. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in \"Come Back, Little Sheba\" (1952). She is one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood. Born January 7, 1929, in Glendale, California, as Helen Luella Koford, Moore grew up in a Mormon family in Los Angeles, California. She worked as a child model before making her film debut in \"Maryland\" in 1940. Moore was billed as Judy Ford, Jan", "title": "Terry Moore (actress)" }, { "id": "1340328", "text": "in various cities on the East coast of North America during May–December 2013. Following its national tour, the show was expected to return to Broadway for a second three-week limited-run from December 2013 through January 2014, at the Marquis Theatre, but was canceled. The Rascals were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on May 6, 1997. Steve Van Zandt gave the induction speech and presented the award. All four original members appeared together to perform \"Good Lovin'\", \"Groovin'\", \"How Can I Be Sure?\", and \"People Got To Be Free\". In 2005 The Rascals were inducted into the", "title": "The Rascals" }, { "id": "5777161", "text": "stations bought both packages and played them alongside each other under the \"Little Rascals\" show banner. The television rights to the silent Pathé \"Our Gang\" comedies were sold to National Telepix and other distributors, who distributed the films under titles such as \"The Mischief Makers\" and \"Those Lovable Scallawags with Their Gangs\". In 1963, Hal Roach Studios, by then run by Roach's son Hal Jr, filed for bankruptcy. A struggling novice syndication agent named Charles King purchased the television rights to \"The Little Rascals\" in the bankruptcy proceedings and returned the shorts to television. The success of \"The Little Rascals\"", "title": "Our Gang" } ]	who played alfalfa in the original little rascals
[ "1954" ]	[ { "id": "2298920", "text": "Hearst Castle Hearst Castle is a National Historic Landmark and California Historical Landmark mansion located on the Central Coast of California, United States. Designed by architect Julia Morgan, it was a residence for newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst between 1919 and 1947. Hearst died in 1951, and it became a California State Park in 1958. Since that time, it has been operated as the Hearst San Simeon State Historical Monument, where the estate, and its considerable collection of art and antiques, is open for public tours. Hearst formally named the estate \"La Cuesta Encantada\" (\"The Enchanted Hill\"), but usually called", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "2298936", "text": "Casa Grande, the \"castle,\" is 68,500 square feet (5,634 m²). The areas of the guest houses on the property are: Hearst Castle Hearst Castle is a National Historic Landmark and California Historical Landmark mansion located on the Central Coast of California, United States. Designed by architect Julia Morgan, it was a residence for newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst between 1919 and 1947. Hearst died in 1951, and it became a California State Park in 1958. Since that time, it has been operated as the Hearst San Simeon State Historical Monument, where the estate, and its considerable collection of art and", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "2298922", "text": "to attend the formal dinners each evening, they were normally left to their own dwellings during the day while Hearst directed his business affairs. Since \"the Ranch\" had so many facilities, guests were rarely at a loss for things to do. The estate's theater usually screened films from Hearst's own movie studio, Cosmopolitan Productions. Construction continued at Hearst Castle through 1947. William Randolph Hearst died in 1951, and in 1958 the Hearst Corporation donated the estate to the state of California. Hearst Castle joined the National Register of Historic Places on June 22, 1972, and became a United States National", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "11428335", "text": "San Simeon State Park. The site has been dated to 5850 years before the present, and it contains significant evidence documenting prehistoric technology, subsistence practices and social organization over the course of several centuries. Prehistorically this entire general area of the central coast was inhabited by the Chumash people, who settled the coastal San Luis Obispo area approximately 10,000 to 11,000 BCE, including a large village to the south at Morro Creek. Hearst San Simeon State Historical Monument contains Hearst Castle. Cambria State Marine Conservation Area and White Rock (Cambria) State Marine Conservation Area are marine protected areas offshore from", "title": "Hearst San Simeon State Park" }, { "id": "2298927", "text": "The surrounding countryside visible from the mansion remains largely undeveloped. Its entrance is approximately five miles north of Hearst San Simeon State Park. Hearst Castle was built on Rancho Piedra Blanca that William Randolph Hearst's father, George Hearst, originally purchased in 1865. The younger Hearst grew fond of this site over many childhood family camping trips. He inherited the ranch, which had grown to and of coastline, from his mother Phoebe Hearst in 1919. Although the large ranch already had a Victorian mansion, the location selected for Hearst Castle was undeveloped, atop a steep hill whose ascent was a dirt", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "2298924", "text": "dense grove of eucalyptus trees to provide maximum privacy for the guests. In 2001, Patty Hearst hosted a Travel Channel show on the estate, and Amanda Hearst modeled for a fashion photo shoot at the estate for a Hearst Corporation magazine, \"Town and Country\", in 2006. Hearst Castle was the inspiration for the \"Xanadu\" mansion of the 1941 Orson Welles film \"Citizen Kane\", a fictionalization of William Randolph Hearst's career. Hearst Castle was not used as a location for the film. Instead the film used Oheka Castle in Huntington, New York, as well as buildings in San Diego's Balboa Park.", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "16490975", "text": "Stronghold Center Stronghold Castle or Stronghold Center is a Tudor-style castle located near Oregon, Illinois, atop the limestone bluffs along the Rock River. Designed by Maurice Webster, it was built between 1928 and 1930 by Walter Strong, then owner and publisher of the Chicago Daily News, as a summer home. In 1963, the castle and surrounding area were purchased by Blackhawk Presbytery Today, it serves as a year-round camping and retreat center, hosting summer camps and an Olde English Faire. The castle includes 25 rooms and four secret passageways. In part inspired by visits to the famous Hearst Castle of", "title": "Stronghold Center" }, { "id": "2298923", "text": "Historic Landmark on May 11, 1976. One condition of the Hearst Corporation's donation of the estate was that the Hearst family would be allowed to use it when they wished. Patty Hearst, a granddaughter of William Randolph, related that as a child, she hid behind statues in the Neptune Pool while tours passed by. Although the main estate is now a museum, the Hearst family continues to use an older Victorian house on the property as a retreat – the original house built by George Hearst in the late 19th century. The house is screened from tourist routes by a", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "11756574", "text": "of coast scheduled to become parks. It is now owned by the state park system of California which has yet to respond to a variety of preservation efforts. The property is visible on historic maps of the William Randolph Hearst holdings as being, amid the Hearst owned for along this coastline, the one tiny parcel of land he was never able to acquire from its owners. The exact construction date is uncertain, but the 12-room facility is known to have been built in the early 1950s, just before tourists began visiting Hearst Castle in significant numbers. The hotel served vacationing", "title": "Piedras Blancas Motel" }, { "id": "2298925", "text": "Commercial filming is rare at Hearst Castle, and most requests are turned down. Since the property was donated to the state of California, only two projects have been granted permission: Stanley Kubrick's \"Spartacus\", which used the castle to stand in as Crassus' villa, and Lady Gaga's music video for \"G.U.Y.\" Hearst Castle was included as one of America's \"10 Amazing Castles of America\" by the now defunct Forbes Traveler.com. Forbes said, \"Quite possibly the nation's most famous castle, William Randolph Hearst went to great lengths to bring back the best of European architecture – most notably ceilings from churches and", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "2298932", "text": "bathrooms, 19 sitting rooms, of gardens, indoor and outdoor swimming pools, tennis courts, a movie theater, an airfield, and the world's largest private zoo. Zebras and other exotic animals still roam the grounds. Morgan, an accomplished civil engineer, devised a gravity-based water delivery system that transports water from artesian wells on the slopes of Pine Mountain, a peak seven miles (11 km) east of Hearst Castle, to a reservoir on Rocky Butte, a knoll less than a mile southeast from Hearst Castle. One highlight of the estate is the outdoor Neptune Pool, located near the edge of the hilltop, which", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "2298928", "text": "path accessible only by foot or on horseback over five miles (eight km) of cutbacks. The Hearst Castle area has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen \"csb\") that is moderated by its relative proximity to the Pacific coastline. Hearst first approached American architect Julia Morgan with ideas for a new project in April 1919, shortly after he took ownership. Hearst's original idea was to build a bungalow, according to a draftsman who worked in Morgan's office who recounted Hearst's words from the initial meeting: After approximately one month of discussion, Hearst's original idea for a modest dwelling swelled to grand proportions.", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "2298926", "text": "monasteries – which were pieced back together in California to create his highly eclectic Central Coast getaway.\" Hearst Castle is located near the unincorporated community of San Simeon, California, approximately from both Los Angeles and San Francisco, and from San Luis Obispo at the northern end of San Luis Obispo County. The estate itself is five miles (eight km) inland atop a hill of the Santa Lucia Range at an altitude of . The region is sparsely populated because the Santa Lucia Range abuts the Pacific Ocean, which provides dramatic seaside vistas but few opportunities for development and hampers transportation.", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "14206320", "text": "pass and rest through the area in annual seasons, and there had been a sighting of a North Pacific right whale, the most rare of large whales in the world in 1995. Hearst Castle, former home of William Randolph Hearst, is at nearby Hearst San Simeon State Historic Monument and offers visitor tours. The Piedras Blancas Light Station is an Outstanding Natural Area, managed by the Bureau of Land Management. The lighthouse was built in 1875 and a Victorian dwelling was later completed. Tours are offered to the public. Piedreas Blancas is home to an important elephant seal rookery. Friends", "title": "Piedras Blancas State Marine Reserve and Marine Conservation Area" }, { "id": "2170974", "text": "San Simeon, California San Simeon (ZIP Code: 93452; area code 805) is a town and census-designated place on the Pacific coast of San Luis Obispo County, California. Its position along State Route 1 is about halfway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, each of those cities being roughly 230 mi (370 km) away. A key feature of the area is Hearst Castle, a hilltop mansion built by William Randolph Hearst in the early 20th century that is now a tourist attraction. The area is also home to a large northern elephant seal rookery, known as the Piedras Blancas rookery. It", "title": "San Simeon, California" }, { "id": "463455", "text": "death. Millicent built an independent life for herself in New York City as a leading philanthropist, was active in society, and created the Free Milk Fund for the poor in 1921. After the death of Patricia Lake, Davies's supposed niece, it was confirmed by Lake's family that she was in fact Hearst's daughter by Davies. Beginning in 1919, Hearst began to build Hearst Castle, which he never completed, on a ranch at San Simeon, California, which he furnished with art, antiques and entire rooms brought from the great houses of Europe. He also used the ranch for an Arabian horse", "title": "William Randolph Hearst" }, { "id": "11428333", "text": "Hearst San Simeon State Park Hearst San Simeon State Park is a state park of California, USA, preserving rocky coast and rare habitats. It is located between Cambria and San Simeon. The park was first established in 1932. The park includes the Santa Rosa Creek Natural Preserve, the San Simeon Natural Preserve and the Pa-nu Cultural Preserve, which were established in 1990. A trail runs through parts of the San Simeon Natural Preserve and the Washburn Campground. The trail includes scenic overlooks, rest-stop benches and interpretive panels with information on wildlife and habitat. A portion of the trail along the", "title": "Hearst San Simeon State Park" }, { "id": "463461", "text": "put up for sale were paintings by van Dyke, crosiers, chalices, Charles Dickens's sideboard, pulpits, stained glass, arms and armor, George Washington's waistcoat, and Thomas Jefferson's Bible. Despite the magnitude of these sales, when Hearst Castle was finally given to the State of California there were still enough items for the whole house to be considered as a museum. After seeing photographs of St. Donat's Castle in \"Country Life Magazine,\" Hearst bought the Welsh Vale of Glamorgan property and revitalized it in 1925 as a love gift to Davies. The Castle was restored by Hearst, who spent a fortune buying", "title": "William Randolph Hearst" }, { "id": "2298921", "text": "it \"the Ranch.\" Hearst Castle and grounds are also sometimes referred to as \"San Simeon,\" without distinguishing between the Hearst property and the adjacent unincorporated area of the same name. The Hollywood and political elite often visited in the 1920s and 1930s, usually flying into the estate's airfield or taking a private Hearst-owned train car from Los Angeles along the coastal railroad route. Among Hearst's guests were Charlie Chaplin, Cary Grant, the Marx Brothers, Charles Lindbergh, Greta Garbo, Joan Crawford, Clark Gable, James Stewart, Bob Hope, Calvin Coolidge, Franklin Roosevelt, Dolores del Río, and Winston Churchill. While guests were expected", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "14205880", "text": "beach, reef and sandy bottom, pinnacles and offshore rocks. The area is home to various wildlife including sea otters and birds. The adjacent San Simeon State Park provides scenic and recreational opportunities for year-round visitors. Hiking, fishing, surfing and whale watching are among these opportunities. There are two campgrounds within the park, one primitive. Hearst Castle, former home of William Randolph Hearst, is at nearby Hearst San Simeon State Historic Monument and offers visitor tours. California’s marine protected areas encourage recreational and educational uses of the ocean. Activities such as kayaking, diving, snorkeling, and swimming are allowed unless otherwise restricted.", "title": "Cambria State Marine Conservation Area" }, { "id": "13922953", "text": "park headquarters in New Castle. Beaver Valley consists of land originally purchased in the early 1900s by Quaker industrialist and conservationist William Poole Bancroft, whose goal it was to preserve as much land as possible along the Brandywine River to ensure its scenic rural beauty remained for future generations as the cities of Wilmington and Philadelphia continued to expand. Much of the land has remained unchanged since it was set aside for preservation, and it includes forests and rolling farmsteads that were once primarily settled by the Quakers who followed Penn to America. The tract is adjacent to Delaware's Brandywine", "title": "First State National Historical Park" }, { "id": "3539418", "text": "representing San Francisco. Here, his knowledge of mines and the mining industry proved valuable, and he joined a special Committee on Mines and Mining Interests. During this time (1865) he acquired Rancho Piedra Blanca at San Simeon, California. He later bought parts of adjoining ranchos, and this land eventually became the site of the famed Hearst Castle. They also maintained a home in San Francisco at the corner of Chestnut and Leavenworth. Hearst owned a thoroughbred horse racing stable. One of his better known horses was Jerome Handicap winner, Tournament. Following Hearst's death, Tournament was bought by Foxhall P. Keene", "title": "George Hearst" }, { "id": "2298930", "text": "Baroque examples in southern Spain more to his tastes. Hearst particularly admired a church in Ronda, Spain and asked Morgan to pattern the Main Building towers after it. He decided to substitute a stucco exterior in place of masonry in deference to Californian traditions. By late summer 1919, Morgan had surveyed the site, analyzed its geology, and drawn initial plans for the Main Building. Construction began in 1919 and continued through 1947 when Hearst stopped living at the estate due to ill health. Morgan persuaded Hearst to begin with the guest cottages, because the smaller structures could be completed more", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "11428295", "text": "of fog that burns off by mid morning. once the fog has burned off the historic Hearst castle can be see on top of the water. William Randolph Hearst Memorial State Beach William Randolph Hearst Memorial State Beach is located near the historic town of San Simeon along California State Route 1, in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. It is named for newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst (1863–1951), whose family is closely associated with the area. William Randolph Hearst memorial State Beach is located in northern San Simeon, California directly below Historic Hearst Castle in San Luis Obispo", "title": "William Randolph Hearst Memorial State Beach" }, { "id": "463422", "text": "in 1932–34, but then broke with FDR and became his most prominent enemy on the right. His peak circulation reached 20 million readers a day in the mid-1930s, but he was a bad money manager and was so deeply in debt that most of his assets had to be liquidated in the late 1930s; he managed to keep his newspapers and magazines. His life story was the main inspiration for Charles Foster Kane, the lead character in Orson Welles's film \"Citizen Kane.\" His famous mansion, Hearst Castle, on a hill overlooking the Pacific Ocean near San Simeon, is now a", "title": "William Randolph Hearst" }, { "id": "6788710", "text": "summer and weekend home by the Snyder family, who lived in Kansas City. In the late 1930s it was used as a hotel, but was destroyed by fire in 1942. The state purchased the castle and grounds in 1978, adapting them for use as a state park and opening them to the public. The water tower was repaired in 2004, with a new roof installed. Although the castle walls were stabilized in the 1980s, a new survey in 2016 determined that portions of the ruins including its arches were seeing mortar and stone failure with the potential beginning of collapse.", "title": "Ha Ha Tonka State Park" }, { "id": "4987179", "text": "Lake Louise State Park Lake Louise State Park is a Minnesota state park just north of the Iowa border near the small town of Le Roy in Mower County, Minnesota, directly south of Rochester. It has a 25 acre man-made lake and of mixed prairie and deciduous forest. It is used for picnics, swimming, camping, hiking, horseback riding, and other outdoor recreation. It is noted for butterfly watching, as some rare species have been seen. It features a picnic shelter which dates to the Public Works Administration era. Sometime in the late 1850s or early 1860s, Conrad Hambrecht settled in", "title": "Lake Louise State Park" }, { "id": "463463", "text": "green and white marble bathrooms for the many guest suites in the castle, and completed a series of terraced gardens which survive intact today. Hearst and Davies spent much of their time entertaining and held a number of lavish parties, the guests at which included Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, Winston Churchill, and a young John F. Kennedy. Upon visiting St. Donat's, George Bernard Shaw was quoted as saying: \"This is what God would have built if he had had the money.\" When Hearst died, the castle was bought and is still owned and used by Atlantic College, an international boarding", "title": "William Randolph Hearst" }, { "id": "2298935", "text": "work. Camille Solon, son of Marc-Louis-Emmanuel Solon and brother of Albert Solon of Solon and Schemmel Tile Company, designed the mosaics of blue-and-gold Venetian glass tile used in the property's indoor Roman Pool and he also designed and painted the murals in the Gothic Study of Casa Grande. During Hearst's ownership, a private power plant supplied electricity to the remote location. Most of the estate's chandeliers have bare light bulbs, because electrical technology was so new when Hearst Castle was built. The total square footage of the buildings on the estate exceeds 90,000 square feet (8,300 m²). The area of", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "13465406", "text": "the town the property within the historic easement. The manor house and surrounding were dedicated as a public park in 2010. The immediately surrounding the manor house are protected by a historic easement controlled by the state of Virginia. The park was formally opened during a ceremony officiated by the Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell on May 22, 2010. The park features hiking trails, a dog park, a mountain bike trail, a fishing pier, and a canoe launch. The manor house overlooks the junction of Cypress Creek and the Pagan River. The King of All Places manor house (circa 1806) can", "title": "Windsor Castle (Smithfield, Virginia)" }, { "id": "11787513", "text": "Tower Hill State Park Tower Hill State Park is a state park of Wisconsin, United States, which contains the reconstructed Helena Shot Tower. The original shot tower was completed in 1832 and manufactured lead shot until 1860. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The park abuts the Wisconsin River and is bordered by state-owned land comprising the Lower Wisconsin State Riverway. The bluffs along the Wisconsin River are formed of Jordan Sandstone. The park lies within the Driftless Area, a region of the American Midwest that remained ice-free through three successive ice ages. In", "title": "Tower Hill State Park" }, { "id": "13922952", "text": "Green in 1776, and it was the site of the mustering of a Continental Army regiment during the Revolution. When the proximity of the British navy threatened New Castle, the state changed its capital city to Dover in 1777, and a State House was built just off the Green in 1787. At a tavern which once stood on the Green, a convention ratified the Constitution on December 7, 1787, making Delaware the first state. The Green is owned by the city of Dover, with the National Park Service owning a conservation easement. It is approximately 40 miles south of the", "title": "First State National Historical Park" }, { "id": "2298933", "text": "offers an expansive vista of the mountains, ocean, and the main house. The Neptune Pool patio features an ancient Roman temple front, transported wholesale from Europe and reconstructed at the site. Due to drought conditions and leaks in the pool, the pool was drained. After a long-term restoration project to fix the leaking, the pool was refilled in August 2018. Hearst was an inveterate tinkerer who would tear down structures and rebuild them on a whim. For example, the Neptune Pool was rebuilt three times before Hearst was satisfied. As a consequence of Hearst's persistent design changes, the estate was", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "4042581", "text": "satirised in Orson Welles's 1941 film \"Citizen Kane\". Kane's palace Xanadu, modelled on San Simeon, is described as containing \"A collection of everything, so big that it can never be catalogued or appraised. Enough for ten museums, the loot of the world.\" Hearst's actions were vigorously opposed, particularly in relation to the destruction of the Augustinian foundation Bradenstoke Priory in Wiltshire. Built in 1142, by the 20th century the priory was in poor repair. Hearst purchased the site in 1929, under conditions of secrecy, and had workmen take down the cloister, tithe barn, prior's lodging and refectory. Parts were shipped", "title": "St Donat's Castle" }, { "id": "14805346", "text": "Hearst Ranch The Hearst Ranch is composed of two cattle ranches in central California. The best known is the original Hearst Ranch, which surrounds Hearst Castle and comprises about . George Hearst (1820–1891) bought over of Rancho Piedra Blanca, an 1840 Mexican land grant, in the late 19th century. He also bought most of Rancho San Simeon, and part of Rancho Santa Rosa, two other adjacent land grants. The other ranch is the Jack Ranch at Cholame, California, which was acquired by the Hearst Corporation in 1966. The Jack Ranch comprises most of Rancho Cholame, an 1844 land grant, plus", "title": "Hearst Ranch" }, { "id": "13922960", "text": "fact which was troubling to U.S. Senator Tom Carper. Beginning in 2002, Carper began holding hearings around the state and soliciting suggestions from residents for sites that would be worthy of inclusion in a new National Park unit. These efforts culminated in 2006, when Congress directed the National Park Service to conduct a special resource study of historic and scenic sites in Delaware's coastal areas. After concluding its study in 2009, the National Park Service recommended the creation of a National Historical Park including the New Castle Court House Museum, the Dover Green, Fort Christina, Old Swedes' Church, the John", "title": "First State National Historical Park" }, { "id": "8470556", "text": "Versailles State Park Versailles State Park (pronounced locally as \"ver-SAYLES\") is an Indiana state park, near the town of Versailles, Indiana, USA. The land was given by the National Park Service for use as a state park to Indiana's Department of Conservation in 1943. In the early 20th century, the area was farmland. In the 1930s, the National Park Service acquired the land and hired the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) to improve the land into a Recreational Demonstration Area. The Versailles Lake was formed in 1954 when a dam was built across Laughery Creek. It is a recreation area, with", "title": "Versailles State Park" }, { "id": "2239464", "text": "National Park Service Organic Act was signed into law, creating the National Park Service and tasking it with running the expanding system. Originally called \"Hawaii National Park\", it was split from the Haleakala National Park on September 22, 1960. Today, the park, renamed the Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, is a major conservatory agency and tourist attraction, and, since 1987, a World Heritage Site. In its early days, tourism was a relatively new concept, but grew slowly before exploding with the advent of air travel around 1959, the year Hawaii became a state. Today, tourism is driven by the island's exotic", "title": "Kīlauea" }, { "id": "11428336", "text": "San Simeon campground. Nearby ocean waters are also a part of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, where visitors can learn more at the Coastal Discovery Center at San Simeon Bay, located at Hearst Beach. A large elephant seal rookery is found on many beaches of Hearst San Simeon State Park. Adjacent to the northern stretches of the park are the Piedras Blancas State Marine Reserve, and the Piedras Blancas Light Station. Hearst San Simeon State Park Hearst San Simeon State Park is a state park of California, USA, preserving rocky coast and rare habitats. It is located between Cambria", "title": "Hearst San Simeon State Park" }, { "id": "2009702", "text": "Stanley Park Stanley Park is a public park that borders the downtown of Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada and is almost entirely surrounded by waters of Vancouver Harbour and English Bay. The park has a long history and was one of the first areas to be explored in the city. The land was originally used by Indigenous peoples for thousands of years before British Columbia was colonized by the British during the 1858 Fraser Canyon Gold Rush. For many years after colonization, the future park with its abundant resources would also be home to Non-Indigenous settlers. The land was later", "title": "Stanley Park" }, { "id": "12265269", "text": "that doubled the size of the original castle. Most of these were architecturally sympathetic to Slade's original design, and there has been little change to it since then. In 1974, William Henry Osborn II, one of Henry Fairfield's younger sons, donated the southern portion of the property, which includes Sugarloaf Hill, to the State Parks Council for eventual inclusion in Hudson Highlands State Park. In the late 1970s, after the property was listed on the Register, New York's Department of Environmental Conservation bought of the former estate, including the meadows along Route 9D, and opened it to the public as", "title": "Castle Rock (Garrison, New York)" }, { "id": "11428286", "text": "gray and humpbacks as these are the whales that are commonly spotted in the area. This village was short lived, because only ten years after it was built a severe drought caused the town to move to find fresh water. George Hearst Bought nearly fifty thousand Acres establishing the ground work for Williams Empire. The Hearst Family owned all the land as far as the eye could see from their castle until the early 1950s when the family donated a huge section of land to the state and sold miles of shore line to be used for public use. If", "title": "William Randolph Hearst Memorial State Beach" }, { "id": "8023835", "text": "canyon in 1907 and acquired title to the land under the Homestead Act in 1910. Pendley developed an irrigation system (which is still in use today) and planted an apple orchard in 1912. The state completed a road through the canyon in 1914, and Pendley built rustic tourist cabins in 1933 that in part survive today. Several films were shot in the area: \"Angel and the Badman\" (1946), \"Broken Arrow\" (1950), \"Drum Beat\" (1954), and \"Gun Fury\" (1953). The park was purchased by Arizona State Parks from the Arizona Parklands Foundation on July 10, 1985 and officially dedicated as Slide", "title": "Slide Rock State Park" }, { "id": "1950918", "text": "encloses 860 acres near the geographic center of Arizona and the intersection of the Colorado Plateau and Basin and Range physiographic provinces. The dwellings and the surrounding area were declared a U.S. National Monument on December 8, 1906 as a result of the American Antiquities Act, signed earlier that year. It is one of the four original sites designated National Monuments by President Theodore Roosevelt. Montezuma Castle was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. It is an easy monument to visit, just a short distance off Interstate 17, at exit 289. There is a", "title": "Montezuma Castle National Monument" }, { "id": "19328145", "text": "are completed, or after 10 years if no mining occurs, the Federal land in the 8,340 acre Castle Mountain Mine Area is to be transferred to the National Park Service. It was designated by President Obama on February 12, 2016, along with Mojave Trails National Monument and Sand to Snow National Monument also in Southern California. Castle Mountains National Monument Castle Mountains National Monument is a U.S. National Monument located in the eastern Mojave Desert and northeastern San Bernardino County, in the state of California. The park protects 20,920 acres, located between the interstates I−15 and I−40, and northwest of", "title": "Castle Mountains National Monument" }, { "id": "975312", "text": "the 1960s were a particularly active time in this regard. In 1965 the Government of New South Wales began buying land around the foreshores, and the National Trust suggested a national park in 1968. In the following year, the NSW Government announced a plan whereby it would buy Commonwealth land around the harbour. The Sydney Harbour National Park was finally gazetted in 1975, with Nielsen Park at Shark Bay being added in 1978. Extra land was transferred from Commonwealth to State Government control, and added to the national park in 1979; the historically important quarantine station at Manly was added", "title": "Sydney Harbour National Park" }, { "id": "2298934", "text": "never completed in his lifetime. Although Hearst Castle's ornamentation is borrowed from historic European themes, its underlying structure is primarily steel reinforced concrete. The use of modern engineering techniques reflects Morgan's background as a civil engineering graduate of the University of California, Berkeley and the first female architecture graduate of the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Morgan designed tiles for the castle and used several tile companies to produce them: Solon & Schemmel (San Jose), Grueby Faience Company (Boston), Batchelder (Pasadena), and California Faience (Berkeley). Albert Solon and Frank Schemmel came to Hearst Castle to perform the tile", "title": "Hearst Castle" }, { "id": "1920796", "text": "legislation by the President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, thereby creating Mount McKinley National Park. A portion of Denali, excluding the summit, was included the original park boundary. On Thanksgiving Day in 1921, the Mount McKinley Park Hotel opened. In July 1923, President Warren Harding stopped at the hotel, on a tour of the length of the Alaska Railroad, during which he drove a golden spike signaling its completion at Nenana. The hotel was the first thing visitors saw stepping down from the train. The flat-roofed, two-story log building featured exposed balconies, glass windows, and electric lights. Inside were", "title": "Denali National Park and Preserve" }, { "id": "429030", "text": "accepted. One of the conditions for granting Utah statehood was that a ban on polygamy be written into the state constitution. This was a condition required of other western states that were admitted into the Union later. Statehood was officially granted on January 4, 1896. Beginning in the early 20th century, with the establishment of such national parks as Bryce Canyon National Park and Zion National Park, Utah became known for its natural beauty. Southern Utah became a popular filming spot for arid, rugged scenes featured in the popular mid-century western film genre. From such films, most US residents recognize", "title": "Utah" }, { "id": "575212", "text": "Park. A process led by the Utah Parks Company for transferring ownership of private and state-held land in the monument to the federal government started in 1923. The last of the land in the proposed park's borders was sold to the federal government four years later, and on February 25, 1928, the renamed Bryce Canyon National Park was established. In 1931, President Herbert Hoover annexed an adjoining area south of the park, and in 1942 an additional was added. This brought the park's total area to the current figure of . Rim Road, the scenic drive that is still used", "title": "Bryce Canyon National Park" }, { "id": "3059537", "text": "former Coral Castle owner, Julius Levin, a retired jeweler from Chicago, Illinois. The obituary states Levin had purchased the land from the state of Florida in 1952 and may not have been aware there was even a castle on the land. The new owners turned it into a tourist attraction and changed the name of Rock Gate to Rock Gate Park, and later to Coral Castle. In January 1981, Levin sold the castle to Coral Castle, Inc., for $175,000. The company retains ownership today. In 1984, the property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was added", "title": "Coral Castle" }, { "id": "16490976", "text": "rival New York Newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, in 1928 Walter Strong and his wife Josephine purchased land west of the Rock River, including the barn and silo that form the basis of the castle's structure. The castle's limestone comes from two quarries on the property. Walter Strong died in May 1931, only a few months after construction was completed. Stronghold Center Stronghold Castle or Stronghold Center is a Tudor-style castle located near Oregon, Illinois, atop the limestone bluffs along the Rock River. Designed by Maurice Webster, it was built between 1928 and 1930 by Walter Strong, then owner and", "title": "Stronghold Center" }, { "id": "16706897", "text": "of Fine Arts of the University of Florida (1995); the first recipient of the University of Florida’s Beinecke-Reeves Distinguished Achievement Award in Historic Preservation (2004); and an honorary doctorate of humane letters from Florida Southern College (2009). She has served on the boards of the National Institute of Conservation and the Hearst Castle Preservation Foundation and as a member of the United States Commission for UNESCO. She is currently on the board of the New York Studio School; Fellow of the U. S. Committee, International Council on Monuments and Sites; and a member of the Board of Advocates, College of", "title": "Bonnie Burnham" }, { "id": "11787522", "text": "neighboring hill. After Lloyd Jones died in 1918 his wife Edith donated the site to the state, and Tower Hill State Park was officially created in 1922. The smelting house and wooden shaft were rebuilt between 1970 and 1971 by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the Wisconsin Historical Society. In 2006 parts of a horror film called \"Witches' Night\" were filmed within the state park. Tower Hill State Park is open from May to October. Visitors can enter several historical structures. The smelting house contains exhibits about the construction and use of the shot tower. Structures remaining from", "title": "Tower Hill State Park" }, { "id": "2577361", "text": "S. 29 passed the Senate in June and was sent to the House. The House subsequently dropped its own bill and passed the Senate version with an amendment. Because the Senate was not in agreement with the House amendment, differences were worked out in Conference Committee. The Conference Committee issued their agreeing report on November 30, 1971. The legislation—'An Act to Establish The Capitol Reef National Park in the State of Utah'—became Public Law 92-207 when it was signed by President Richard Nixon on December 18, 1971. The area including the park was once the edge of an ancient shallow", "title": "Capitol Reef National Park" }, { "id": "19682877", "text": "Chimney Fire The Chimney Fire was a wildfire in the Santa Lucia Range, within San Luis Obispo County, California. The fire temporarily closed Hearst Castle to tourists and also forced the closure of Highway 1 along the scenic Big Sur coast for a time. By the time the fire was contained on September 6, 2016 it had burned acres of land. The fire was first reported Saturday August 13 shortly after 4:00 p.m. Evacuations were ordered in the area of Running Deer Ranch, located on the south side of Lake Nacimiento. On Sunday afternoon the 14th, officials announced that Highway", "title": "Chimney Fire" }, { "id": "14156678", "text": "Rancho Piedra Blanca Rancho Piedra Blanca was a large, Mexican land grant in present-day San Luis Obispo County, California given in 1840 by Governor Juan Alvarado to José de Jesús Pico. The name means \"white rock\" and refers to rocks painted white by its bird population. The grant extended south along the Pacific Coast below Big Sur from Ragged Point to Pico Creek (formerly Arroyo del Pinal), where it adjoins Rancho San Simeon. The land grant includes the original townsite and post office for San Simeon, the Hearst Ranch headquarters, and Hearst Castle. José de Jesús Pico (1806-1892), son of", "title": "Rancho Piedra Blanca" }, { "id": "12430724", "text": "placed under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior who shortly acquired some additional land. In 1906 Congress created Platt National Park which included the Sulphur Springs Reservation. Forty-four years after the establishment of Yellowstone, President Woodrow Wilson created the National Park Service on August 25, 1916. For years J. Horace McFarland, President of the American Civic Association; Secretaries of the Interior Walter Fisher and Franklin K. Lane; Presidents William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson; Frederick Law Olmsted Jr..; Representatives William Kent and John E. Raker of California; Senator Reed Smoot of Utah; Stephen T. Mather and Horace M.", "title": "History of the National Park Service" }, { "id": "10607561", "text": "of the nation's revered sixteenth president. Charting Lincoln's growth from prairie politician to preeminent statesman, the exhibit addresses the controversies that marked the road to his presidency. An exhibit of objects was on loan from California's legendary Hearst Castle collection. The 40 remarkably diverse and beautiful art objects, many of which have not left the Castle grounds since their acquisition, were on display in galleries designed to recreate the ambiance of Hearst Castle. In addition to these extraordinary objects, visitors had the opportunity to view reproduction drawings by Castle architect Julia Morgan. As community leaders and activists, politicians and entertainers,", "title": "The California Museum" }, { "id": "2334861", "text": "Humboldt Redwoods State Park Humboldt Redwoods State Park is a state park of California, United States, containing Rockefeller Forest, the world's largest remaining contiguous old-growth forest of coast redwoods. It is located south of Eureka, California, near Weott in southern Humboldt County, within Northern California, named after the great nineteenth-century scientist, Alexander von Humboldt. The park was established by the Save the Redwoods League in 1921 largely from lands purchased from the Pacific Lumber Company. Beginning with the dedication of the Raynal Bolling Memorial Grove, it has grown to become the third-largest park in the California State Park system, now", "title": "Humboldt Redwoods State Park" }, { "id": "289812", "text": "as the \"Father of the National Parks\" due to his work in Yosemite. He published two influential articles in The Century Magazine, which formed the base for the subsequent legislation. President Abraham Lincoln signed an Act of Congress on 1 July 1864, ceding the Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Grove of giant sequoias (later becoming Yosemite National Park) to the state of California. According to this bill, private ownership of the land in this area was no longer possible. The state of California was designated to manage the park for \"public use, resort, and recreation\". Leases were permitted for up", "title": "National park" }, { "id": "4987181", "text": "advocates arranged a visit by state park officials, who agreed that Wildwood Park could be expanded into a state park. The land was transferred to the state of Minnesota and in 1963 Lake Louise State Park was created by an act of the Minnesota Legislature. At that time it contained only the lake and . The boundaries have been expanded since, but usage remains primarily local. A 1971 internal study recommended that the park be remanded to the county as a regional recreation area, but no such action was ever taken. Lake Louise State Park Lake Louise State Park is", "title": "Lake Louise State Park" }, { "id": "10629196", "text": "a park to be established. In 1969, under the State Parks Bond Program, 1,950 acres of the private land was purchased from the heirs. A small part of the original property with the family's Stewart Mansion was not included in the sale. The state park opened to the public in 1970. Tropical Storm Frances destroyed the sand dunes at Galveston Island State Park on September 10, 1998. The dunes provide the only protection that the park has for its freshwater habitats and visitor facilities. A project restored the dunes through the use of recycled Christmas trees to trap and accumulate", "title": "Galveston Island State Park" }, { "id": "2293784", "text": "Georgia. The park was chartered by the United States Congress in 1934 and officially dedicated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940. The park encompasses , making it one of the largest protected areas in the eastern United States. The main park entrances are located along U.S. Highway 441 (Newfound Gap Road) at the towns of Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and Cherokee, North Carolina. Great Smoky Mountains was the first national park whose land and other costs were paid for in part with federal funds; previous parks were funded wholly with state money or private funds. Before the arrival of European settlers,", "title": "Great Smoky Mountains National Park" }, { "id": "6788709", "text": "bedrock. A portion of the park was designated as the Ha Ha Tonka Karst Natural Area in 1981. Construction of the Ha Ha Tonka castle was started in 1905 by Robert McClure Snyder, Sr., a Kansas City businessman who purchased the large property. Alluding to the natural springs on the property, \"ha ha tonka\" was said to mean \"big laugh\" or \"smiling waters.\" Following Snyder's death in an auto accident in 1906, the castle was completed by his sons Robert, Jr., LeRoy, and Kenneth Snyder in the late 1920s before the Stock Market Crash. The building was used as a", "title": "Ha Ha Tonka State Park" }, { "id": "7795384", "text": "City Planning from the University of Pennsylvania in 1943. She was employed shortly after her graduation from Cornell by the architect Julia Morgan in Alton, Illinois, who was best known for her designs at Hearst Castle. In her work with Morgan and in setting up her own New Jersey practice in 1921, Cautley was exposed to an interest in designing communal spaces. The primary project she worked on with Morgan, during World War I, was a hotel for war workers. Her first project undertaken as an independent practitioner – at only thirty-years old – was a public park in Tenafly,", "title": "Marjorie Sewell Cautley" }, { "id": "11428284", "text": "William Randolph Hearst Memorial State Beach William Randolph Hearst Memorial State Beach is located near the historic town of San Simeon along California State Route 1, in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. It is named for newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst (1863–1951), whose family is closely associated with the area. William Randolph Hearst memorial State Beach is located in northern San Simeon, California directly below Historic Hearst Castle in San Luis Obispo county. William Randolph Hearst State Beach or as it is locally known “The Cove” was once home to the Hearst Family newspaper empire, and was the", "title": "William Randolph Hearst Memorial State Beach" }, { "id": "2009716", "text": "Parks Canada stated that \"the Stanley Park lease is perpetually renewable and no action is required by the Park Board in relation to the renewal.\" On September 27, 1888, the park was officially opened (although the legal status of Deadman's Island as part of the park would remain ambiguous for many years). The park was named after Lord Stanley, who had recently become Canada's sixth governor general (and who is perhaps best known today for having donated the Stanley Cup that was later handed down to the National Hockey League). Mayor David Oppenheimer gave a formal speech opening the park", "title": "Stanley Park" }, { "id": "12679618", "text": "Wasatch Mountain State Park Wasatch Mountain State Park is a state park of Utah, United States, located in the northern part of the state within the Wasatch Back area on the north and west edges of the Heber Valley in Wasatch County near the city of Midway. Established in 1961, Wasatch Mountain State Park is Utah's most developed state park. Named for the Wasatch Mountains, the park consists of , and sits at an elevation of . Wildlife in the park includes deer, elk, wild turkeys, and moose. Although the southern part of Wasatch Mountain State Park is adjacent to", "title": "Wasatch Mountain State Park" }, { "id": "13922950", "text": "Underground Railroad conductors Thomas Garrett and John Hunn were accused of violating the Fugitive Slave Act. The Garrett trial was an inspiration to Harriet Beecher Stowe for certain scenes in \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\". The New Castle Green was first laid out as a town common in the 1650s by the Dutch colonists who founded New Castle. It is located a block away from the spot where William Penn first arrived in America in 1682, and is bounded by several historic structures, including the Court House, the 1809 federal Arsenal, and the 1703 Immanuel Episcopal Church on the Green where founder", "title": "First State National Historical Park" }, { "id": "3225659", "text": "was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960. The park region has been the subject of several archeological studies concerning both native and European settlements, and various other archeological sites associated with the park were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. In the late 19th century, parkland was developed as a vacation resort. The resort was acquired by the State of Illinois in 1911 for a state park, which it remains today. Facilities in the park were built by the Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s, which have also gained historic designation. A flood from a", "title": "Starved Rock State Park" }, { "id": "2293788", "text": "purchasing agent for the park, which was officially established on 15 June 1934. During the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Works Progress Administration, and other federal organizations made trails, fire watchtowers, and other infrastructure improvements to the park and Smoky Mountains. It was also a site for filming of parts of Disney's hit 1950s TV series, \"Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier\". This park was designated an International Biosphere Reserve in 1976, was certified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, and became a part of the Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve in 1988. A 75th anniversary", "title": "Great Smoky Mountains National Park" }, { "id": "2170978", "text": "continued to about 1908 when it ceased for good. In 1953, the Hearst Corporation donated the William Randolph Hearst Memorial Beach, including the Hearst Pier, to San Luis Obispo County. It is currently part of Hearst San Simeon State Park. The present-day San Simeon pier was built in 1957. The name San Simeon also refers to some geologic structures of the area, particularly elements of the coastal Jurassic-age landforms and ophiolite mineral formations. According to the United States Census Bureau, the census-designated place covers an area of 0.8 square miles (2.1 km), all of it land. The original townsite of", "title": "San Simeon, California" }, { "id": "1951239", "text": "is one of the UK's natural World Heritage sites. Tintagel Castle is a popular tourist destination in Cornwall, with the castle associated with the legend of King Arthur since the 12th century. There are 15 National Parks in the UK, including the Lake District in England, Snowdonia in Wales, and Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park in Scotland. The British Museum in London with its collection of more than seven million objects, is one of the largest and most comprehensive in the world, and sourced from every continent, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning", "title": "Culture of the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "4985239", "text": "Windsor Great Park Windsor Great Park is a Royal Park of , including a deer park, to the south of the town of Windsor on the border of Berkshire and Surrey in England. The park was, for many centuries, the private hunting ground of Windsor Castle and dates primarily from the mid-13th century. Historically the park covered an area many times the current size known as Windsor Forest, Windsor Royal Park or its current name. The park is managed and funded by the Crown Estate. Most parts of the park are open to the public, free of charge, from dawn", "title": "Windsor Great Park" }, { "id": "20707975", "text": "was an effort by a team of local architects as well as students from the Central Bucks School District. Bob Leathers was hired as architect to refine the design. A group called Friend's of Kid's Castle formed in 2012, with the mission of protecting this playground. The original structure was made of pressure treated wood, but due to heavy use and weathering Kid's Castle underwent a renovation in March 2013 costing $150,000. The renovation lasted just under 7 months. Although the main castle is currently open for public use, part of the renovation included removal of other older playground equipment.", "title": "Doylestown Central Park" }, { "id": "4820507", "text": "protested that the lake already had a name: \"Pie-we-ack\", or \"Lake of the Shining Rocks.\" This original name is now attached to Pywiack Dome, a granite dome to the east of the lake. As part of the 1864 Yosemite grant, the area became the first park land to be federally protected for preservation and public use. Yosemite became a national park in 1916 with the advent of the National Park Service. In 1868, John Muir wrote about the Tenaya Lake's beauty and timelessness in \"My First Summer in the Sierra\". Tenaya Lake was created by the Tenaya Glacier, which flowed", "title": "Tenaya Lake" }, { "id": "17768981", "text": "In addition, larger water areas and an island were created. The park has been open to the public since 1964. The nearly four-acre park, largely neglected after the end of the Second World War, was reconstructed in 1987 after the historic original design. The castle is not open every day and can only be visited with a guide. Only the state rooms on the ground floor (the three on the diagonal and two smaller rooms facing the gardens on either side of the diagonal) are accessible to the public, because the first floor is a private residence. In 1871, a", "title": "Schloss Richmond" }, { "id": "17938842", "text": "a \"National Park\" did require Congressional action. In addition to limiting the number of national monument declarations the president could make, the bill would forbid the government from declaring land belonging to a private owner as a national monument without the private owner's consent. The bill was introduced in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. President Theodore Roosevelt established the first national monument, Devils Tower in Wyoming, on September 24, 1906. There are over 100 National Monuments in the United States. Presidential use of the Antiquities Act to declare a National Monument: \"This summary", "title": "Ensuring Public Involvement in the Creation of National Monuments Act" }, { "id": "4042589", "text": "financially precarious, but major fund-raising efforts led by Sir George Schuster strengthened the financial position in the mid-1960s. The fiftieth anniversary of the college in 2012 was celebrated with a visit to the site by Queen Noor of Jordan, President of the United World Colleges Foundation. As at 2017, the college was home to 350 students from more than 90 countries. The Hearst Corporation maintains a connection with St Donat's through a sponsorship programme for students at the college. With a history of occupation from its construction in the late 13th century, St Donat's has been described as the oldest", "title": "St Donat's Castle" }, { "id": "6905929", "text": "Fay Bainbridge Park Fay Bainbridge Park is a locally operated, public recreation area situated immediately south of the Point Monroe sandspit on the northeast tip of Bainbridge Island, Washington and is open from dusk to dark. The park comprises of land, including of shoreline on Puget Sound.The park offers beach activities and camping in addition to views of Puget Sound, the Cascade Mountains and two volcanoes: Mount Rainier and Mount Baker. In 1944, the state purchased the land for the park for $5,000 from the estate of Temple S. Fay with the stipulation that the Washington State Park System maintain", "title": "Fay Bainbridge Park" }, { "id": "4621547", "text": "consent and without proper compensation. In 1911, these lands at Castle Mountain were added to Rocky Mountain Park, now known as Banff National Park. The agreement provides the Siksika Nation with approximately $123 million in financial compensation, the option to purchase on the open market up to 17,491 acres of land outside of the boundaries of Banff National Park and apply to Canada to have the lands added to its reserve, economic opportunities inside Banff National Park, and ongoing park access for cultural, traditional and educational purposes. First Nation members voted to approve the settlement on March 4, 2016. Canada", "title": "Castle Mountain" }, { "id": "15194126", "text": "Rochester Castle fell out of use its materials were reused elsewhere and custodianship relinquished by the Crown. The castle and its grounds were opened to the public in the 1870s as a park. At various points during the 19th and 20th centuries repairs were carried out. The castle is protected as a Grade I listed building and Scheduled Monument. Today the ruins are in the guardianship of English Heritage and open to the public. Castles were introduced to England by the Normans in the 11th century and their construction, in the wake of the conquest of 1066, helped the Normans", "title": "Rochester Castle" }, { "id": "4595392", "text": "Storm King State Park Storm King State Park is a state park in Orange County, New York. The park is in the southeast part of the Town of Cornwall, next to the Hudson River. A central feature of the park is Storm King Mountain. New York physician Ernest Stillman donated the park's initial to the Palisades Interstate Park Commission in 1922, hoping to protect land surrounding the Storm King Highway. The park has since grown to its current size through additional donations and purchases of land. The park was the focus of preservation efforts in the early 1960s after a", "title": "Storm King State Park" }, { "id": "4558266", "text": "Rockefeller donated the land to New York in 1999 for use as a park. One of the early owners of the property was Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, who lived there from 1840 to 1848. Edwin Bartlett obtained the property and build Rockwood, an English Gothic castle of locally-quarried stone. Bartlett sold the house to his business partner William Henry Aspinwall in 1860; Aspinwall made it his summer home and improved the property and house, and purchased enough land to make his estate . Upon his death in 1875, his son Lloyd Aspinwall lived there, until 1886. William Rockefeller then purchased it", "title": "Rockefeller State Park Preserve" }, { "id": "19682879", "text": "not be known until crews could enter the burned areas to make a full assessment. At on Saturday afternoon with 35% containment, the fire was within of Hearst Castle. Tours were cancelled as park staff prepared to move some of the massive art and antiques collection if necessary. No artwork was in any immediate danger, and did not have to be moved. On August 26, thirteen days after the fire started, the fire neared being half contained, i.e., 49 residences and 21 other structures were destroyed, nearly 1900 other structures were threatened, had been burned, and it was 47% contained.", "title": "Chimney Fire" }, { "id": "13922954", "text": "Creek State Park, and the Brandywine Valley National Scenic Byway runs through it. Beaver Valley is owned by the National Park Service. It is approximately 12 miles north of the park headquarters in New Castle. Beaver Valley is the largest component of First State National Historical Park, comprising 1,100 acres (220 of which extend into southeastern Pennsylvania). It is open for recreational activities such as hiking, horseback riding, biking, and kayaking. Located in Wilmington, Fort Christina is an enclosed park that preserves the original landing site, known as \"The Rocks,\" of the colonists who established New Sweden in 1638, the", "title": "First State National Historical Park" }, { "id": "7732735", "text": "on the Victorian Heritage Register and the Australian Register of the National Estate (place ID 15250). Tower Hill State Game Reserve The Tower Hill State Game Reserve is located in Victoria (Australia), 275 km west of Melbourne, and 15 km north-west of Warrnambool. It encompasses the Tower Hill volcano and wetland and is 6.14 km² in area. Tower Hill became Victoria's first National Park in 1892 . It was declared a State Game Reserve in 1961. Despite protests as far back as 1958, shooting continues to be permitted in the reserve during the duck hunting season. While earlier part of", "title": "Tower Hill State Game Reserve" }, { "id": "6788711", "text": "Some areas have been closed off from the public. The ruins can be seen from an observation point across from the park office. The park has 15 miles of hiking trails leading to caves, sinkholes, natural bridges, and the castle. The park also features boating, fishing, and swimming. Ha Ha Tonka State Park Ha Ha Tonka State Park is a public recreation area encompassing over on the Niangua arm of the Lake of the Ozarks, about five miles south of Camdenton, Missouri, in the United States. The state park's most notable feature is the ruins of Ha Ha Tonka, an", "title": "Ha Ha Tonka State Park" }, { "id": "13982032", "text": "of radical, even scandalous, intellectual, physical, and recreational activities. Its last year of operation as a women's camp was in 1901. In 1924, the site was sold to the Elmira Council of Boy Scouts for Camp Seneca, which continued to operate until 1989. The United States Department of Agriculture purchased the property in 1996, adding it to the Finger Lakes National Forest. It was designed by \"locally prominent\" Arthur Nash, who seems to be North Carolina architect Arthur C. Nash, who was born in Geneva, New York.) It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. Queen's", "title": "Queen's Castle" }, { "id": "3023173", "text": "signed into law on October 5, 2011. This bill allows state parks to enter into operating agreements with non-profit organizations. The Portola and Castle Rock Foundation has been formed to help support Portola and Castle Rock State Parks. On March 14, 2012 the park was removed from the state park closure list for a one-year reprieve based on a $250,000 donation by the Sempervirens Fund. Castle Rock State Park (California) Castle Rock State Park is a state park of California, USA, located along the crest of the Santa Cruz Mountains and almost entirely in Santa Cruz County, with parts extending", "title": "Castle Rock State Park (California)" }, { "id": "4029857", "text": "injunction to prevent demolition. Even though Moses initially got the injunction dismissed, the public outcry prevented his effort at demolition. However, the aquarium was closed and not replaced until Moses opened a new facility on Coney Island in 1957. Albert S. Bard, Walter D. Binger, and other civic reformers advocated to save the castle, which resulted in both houses of the United States Congress to pass legislation to make the castle a U.S. historic monument. President Harry S. Truman signed the legislation on August 12, 1946. Although Castle Garden had been designated a national monument, the city still owned the", "title": "Castle Clinton" }, { "id": "9975986", "text": "Robert Louis Stevenson State Park Robert Louis Stevenson State Park is a California state park, located in Sonoma, Lake and Napa counties. The park offers a hike to the summit of Mount Saint Helena from which much of the Bay Area can be seen. On clear days it is possible to see the peak of Mount Shasta, distant. The park is named after Robert Louis Stevenson, the author of \"Treasure Island\" and \"Kidnapped\". In 1880, Stevenson and his new wife Fanny Vandegrift Osbourne spent their honeymoon living in a cabin at a played-out mine on the mountain along with Fanny's", "title": "Robert Louis Stevenson State Park" }, { "id": "4830374", "text": "Valley of Fire State Park Valley of Fire State Park is a public recreation and nature preservation area covering nearly located south of Overton, Nevada. The state park derives its name from red sandstone formations, the Aztec Sandstone, which formed from shifting sand dunes 150 million years ago. These features, which are the centerpiece of the park's attractions, often appear to be on fire when reflecting the sun's rays. It is Nevada's oldest state park, as commemorated with Nevada Historical Marker #150. It was designated as a National Natural Landmark in 1968. Valley of Fire is located northeast of Las", "title": "Valley of Fire State Park" }, { "id": "4558267", "text": "for $150,000. Rockefeller expanded his property to about and either renovated or rebuilt the castle. The resulting 204-room house was 174 x 104 feet and was the second-largest private house in the U.S. at the time, only behind the Biltmore mansion in Asheville, North Carolina. After sitting vacant for a time, the mansion was torn down in the 1940s. The land has been used as part of the park since the 1970s, when Laurence Rockefeller leased the estate to New York for use as a park. Rockefeller State Park Preserve Rockefeller State Park Preserve is a state park in Mount", "title": "Rockefeller State Park Preserve" }, { "id": "38392", "text": "would become Kingsway, connecting New Westminster to False Creek, the North Road between Port Moody and New Westminster, and the Cariboo Road and Stanley Park. He named Burnaby Lake after his private secretary Robert Burnaby and named Port Coquitlam's 400-foot \"Mary Hill\" after his wife. As part of the surveying effort, several tracts were designated \"government reserves\", which included Stanley Park as a military reserve (a strategic location in case of an American invasion). The Pre-emption act did not specify conditions for distributing the land, so large parcels were snapped up by speculators, including 3,750 acres (1,517 hectares) by Moody", "title": "British Columbia" }, { "id": "463456", "text": "breeding operation. San Simeon was also used in the 1960 film \"Spartacus\" as the estate of Marcus Licinius Crassus (played by Laurence Olivier). He also had a property on the McCloud River in Siskiyou County, in far northern California, called Wyntoon. Wyntoon was designed by famed architect Julia Morgan, who also designed Hearst Castle and worked in collaboration with William J. Dodd on a number of other projects. In 1947, Hearst paid $120,000 for an H-shaped Beverly Hills mansion, (located at 1011 N Beverly Dr, Beverly Hills CA 90210) on 3.7 acres three blocks from Sunset Boulevard. This home, known", "title": "William Randolph Hearst" }, { "id": "11428334", "text": "seasonal wetland is wheelchair accessible. Santa Rosa Creek Preserve is an area that includes valuable riparian forests and coastal wetlands, which provide habitat for endangered tidewater goby. San Simeon Natural Preserve consists of vast wetlands, riparian zones, and several undisturbed native plant communities, including unique mima mound topography. The Preserve is also the wintering site for monarch butterfly populations. In 2005 an additional 1,100 acres (445 ha) of coastal lands were added to the state park following an easement agreement and property exchange with the neighboring Hearst Ranch. The Pa-nu Cultural Preserve contains the most significant archeological site within Hearst", "title": "Hearst San Simeon State Park" }, { "id": "13434969", "text": "acres of the gifted land was to be used by the Imperial Light Horse Regiment, and is now the site of the War Museum and the Rand Regiments Memorial. The rest of the Sachsenwald land was developed into the present-day Johannesburg suburbs of Saxonwold and Forest Town. An artificial lake was added to the Park in 1908. It also boasts the Coronation Fountain, a \"musical fountain\" and a Johannesburg heritage symbol, which was built in 1937 to commemorate the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. When Johannesburg celebrated its 70 birthday in 1956, as part of the city's", "title": "Zoo Lake" }, { "id": "2542141", "text": "day's horseback ride inland from Hearst Castle, next to the Mission San Antonio de Padua near Jolon, California. Her work on 'the Castle' and San Simeon Ranch continued until 1947, ended only by Hearst's declining health. Morgan became William Randolph Hearst's principal architect, producing the designs for dozens of buildings, such as Phoebe Apperson Hearst's Wyntoon, which he inherited. The estate includes a castle and \"Bavarian village\" of four villas, all on of forest reserve that includes the McCloud River near Mount Shasta in Northern California. She also did studio and site work for the uncompleted \"Babicora\", Hearst's Chihuahua, Mexico,", "title": "Julia Morgan" } ]	when did hearst castle became a state park
[ "Sir Harry Johnston" ]	[ { "id": "13870514", "text": "Buganda Agreement (1900) The Buganda Agreement (alternatively the Uganda Agreement or Treaty of Mengo) of March 1900 formalised the relationship between the Kingdom of Buganda and the British Uganda Protectorate. The agreement was negotiated by Alfred Tucker, Bishop of Uganda, and signed by, among others, Buganda's Katikiro Sir Apolo Kagwa, on the behalf of the Kabaka (Daudi Chwa) who was at that time an infant, and Sir Harry Johnston on the behalf of the British colonial government. Buganda would henceforth be a province of the Protectorate, and would be transformed into a constitutional monarchy with the power of the \"Lukiiko\"", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1900)" }, { "id": "14755918", "text": "met. After much hard bargaining, the chiefs ended up with everything they wanted, including one-half of all the land in Buganda. The half left to the British as \"Crown Land\" was later found to be largely swamp and scrub. Johnston's Buganda Agreement of 1900 imposed a tax on huts and guns, designated the chiefs as tax collectors, and testified to the continued alliance of British and Baganda interests. The British signed much less generous treaties with the other kingdoms (Toro in 1900, Ankole in 1901, and Bunyoro in 1933) without the provision of large-scale private land tenure. Following Uganda's independence", "title": "Baganda" }, { "id": "17089909", "text": "Buganda Agreement (1955) The Buganda Agreement, 1955 was made on 18 October 1955 between Andrew Cohen, the governor of the Uganda Protectorate, and Mutesa II, Kabaka of Buganda. The agreement facilitated Mutesa II's return as a constitutional monarch, ending the Kabaka crisis that began when the Kabaka was exiled to England by Cohen in 1953. It amended the earlier 1900 Buganda Agreement. The final text reflected the agreed outcomes of the Namirembe Conference. Between 1953 and 1955 there was major unrest and discontent in Buganda, part of the British-administered Uganda Protectorate, following a speech in which the British Secretary of", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "13870516", "text": "their ability to collect taxes, and the proximity of Entebbe (the Uganda capital) was close to the Buganda capital. By the 1920s the British administrators were more confident, and had less need for military or administrative support. By fixing the northern boundary of Buganda as the River Kafu, the agreement formalised Henry Colvile's 1894 promise that Buganda would receive certain territories in exchange for their support against the Bunyoro. Two of the 'lost counties' (Buyaga and Bugangaizi) were returned to the Bunyoro following the Ugandan lost counties referendum of 1964. Buganda Agreement (1900) The Buganda Agreement (alternatively the Uganda Agreement", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1900)" }, { "id": "17089911", "text": "the 1900 Buganda agreement and forcibly deported Mutesa to Britain. News about Mutesa's deportation severely shocked the Baganda, leading to a constitutional crisis. Cohen's preference was for a new Kabaka to be installed immediately, but this proved impossible, necessitating a fuller negotiated outcome. Following a successful Bugandan delegation to London, new negotiations on the future of Baganda took place in June to September 1954 at Namirembe, with the Australian Sir Keith Hancock (Director of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies in London) acting as the mediator and Stanley Alexander de Smith as Secretary. Initially, Hancock met solely with a constitutional committee", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "1917422", "text": "valley and lakes Nyasa, Tanganyika, and Mweru. In 1896 in recognition of this achievement he was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB), but afflicted by tropical fevers, transferred to Tunis as consul-general. In the same year, he had married the Hon. Winifred Mary Irby, daughter of Florance George Henry Irby, fifth Baron Boston. In 1899 Sir Harry was sent to Uganda as special commissioner to end an ongoing war. He improved the colonial administration, and in 1900 concluded the Buganda Agreement dividing the land between the UK and the chiefs. For his services in Uganda, he", "title": "Harry Johnston" }, { "id": "13360862", "text": "settled on the hill used these stones to grind their food. It is here that the Buganda Agreement of 1900 was signed between the Kabaka of Buganda and British colonial officials establishing the Uganda Protectorate. The history of Mengo Hill is also entwined with that of adjacent Namirembe Hill, the seat of the Anglican Church of Uganda, because of the monarchy’s close association with the Church of England. The Bulange, which houses offices for the Kabaka and the Lukiiko (Buganda Parliament), is at the base of Namirembe Hill. The building was constructed between 1953 and 1958 by Muteesa II of", "title": "Mengo, Uganda" }, { "id": "2465045", "text": "the Uganda Agreement, by which Buganda became a British protectorate with limited internal autonomy. The Uganda Agreement of 1900 solidified the power of the largely Protestant 'Bakungu' client-chiefs, led by Kagwa. London sent only a few officials to administer the country, relying primarily on the 'Bakungu' chiefs. For decades they were preferred because of their political skills, their Christianity, their friendly relations with the British, their ability to collect taxes, and the proximity of Entebbe (the Ugandan capital) to the Buganda capital. By the 1920s the British administrators were more confident, and had less need for military or administrative support.", "title": "Uganda Protectorate" }, { "id": "2266318", "text": "for independence. An infant prince, Daudi Chwa, was named King (\"Kabaka\") with Kagwa as one of three regents. Kagwa was one of the negotiators of the Uganda Agreement, by which Buganda became a British protectorate with limited internal autonomy. The Uganda Agreement of 1900 solidified the power of the largely Protestant 'Bakungu' client-chiefs, led by Kagwa. London sent only a few officials to administer the country, relying primarily on the 'Bakungu' chiefs. For decades they were preferred because of their political skills, their Christianity, their friendly relations with the British, There are their ability to collect taxes, and the proximity", "title": "Apolo Kagwa" }, { "id": "13870515", "text": "(advisory council) greatly enhanced and the role of the \"Kabaka\" (king) reduced. The British also gained the right to veto future choices of Kabaka, and control of numerous other appointments. These provisions concerning the roles of the Kabaka and Lukiiko were largely reversed by the Buganda Agreement of 1961. The agreement solidified the power of the largely Protestant 'Bakungu' client-chiefs, led by Kagwa. The British sent only a few officials to administer the country, relying primarily on the Bakungu chiefs. For decades they were preferred because of their political skills, their Christianity, their friendly relations with the British, there are", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1900)" }, { "id": "12891320", "text": "what is known about Muteesa comes from primary sources from various Kiganda researchers and some foreign explorers, notably John Hanning Speke, and the Church Missionary Society. Mwanga was overthrown numerous times, but was reinstated. Mwanga signed a treaty with Captain Lord Lugard in 1892, giving Buganda the status of protectorate under the authority of the British East Africa Company. The British saw this territory as a prized possession. The twentieth-century influence of the Baganda in Uganda has reflected the impact of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century developments. A series of Kabakas amassed military and political power by killing rivals to the throne,", "title": "History of Buganda" }, { "id": "2465049", "text": "Agreement of 1900 imposed a tax on huts and guns, designated the chiefs as tax collectors, and testified to the continued alliance of British and Baganda interests. The British signed much less generous treaties with the other kingdoms (Toro in 1900, Ankole in 1901, and Bunyoro in 1933) without the provision of large-scale private land tenure. The smaller chiefdoms of Busoga were ignored. The Baganda immediately offered their services to the British as administrators over their recently conquered neighbours, an offer which was attractive to the economy-minded colonial administration. Baganda agents fanned out as local tax collectors and labour organizers", "title": "Uganda Protectorate" }, { "id": "17089917", "text": "signed by personal representatives of the Kabaka. Six weeks after the appointment of Buganda Ministers and the Buganda representative members of the Legislative Council under the new arrangements, [the British Government would] authorise the Kabaka to return to Buganda, where he will sign the main Agreement\". The transitional Agreement was translated into Luganda and adopted on 15 August 1955. Following adoption of the new agreement, Mutesa duly returned triumphant to Buganda and the main Agreement was duly signed on 18 October. Signatures of the Kabaka, the Governor, and other witnesses appear at the end of the treaty. Buganda Agreement (1955)", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "20689489", "text": "Buganda to an area that roughly corresponds to that of present-day Uganda. The Buganda Agreement of 1900 formalised Buganda's place as a constitutional monarchy (headed by the Kabaka) within the broader Protectorate. On 30 June 1953, Oliver Lyttelton, the Secretary of State for the Colonies, gave a speech in London in which he made a \"passing reference\" to the possibility \"...of still larger measures of unification and possibly still larger measures of federation of the whole East Africa territories\". Lyttelton's remarks were reported by the \"East African Standard\" on 2 and 3 July, prompting the Ministers of the Bugandan Government", "title": "Kabaka crisis" }, { "id": "16313884", "text": "of the Uganda Agreement 1900 which in effect meant Buganda had complete self-government in terms of local administration and so any laws made by the Governor applied to Buganda only if they did not conflict with the terms of the 1900 agreement. The British government, having declared Buganda a British Protectorate on Monday 18 June 1894, following a mission to Uganda by Sir Gerald Portal as a newly appointed British Special Commissioner in 1892, expanded the Protectorate. Other parts of what is now Uganda were added to the British Protectorate two years later in 1896, these were: Bunyoro, Toro, Ankole", "title": "Uganda Legislative Council" }, { "id": "17089910", "text": "State for the Colonies made a \"passing reference\" to the possibility of an East African federation. The incident prompted widespread calls for Bugandan independence as the only protection against British overreach. In order to force a resolution to the deepening political crisis, the Governor of Uganda, Sir Andrew Cohen, invoked the 1900 Buganda Agreement and demanded that the Kabaka (Mutesa II) fall into line British government policy which favoured the continuation of a single, unitary, Ugandan state. The Kabaka refused. As a result, the British Government withdrew its recognition of Mutesa II as Buganda's native ruler under Article 6 of", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "6466763", "text": "which Mwanga rejected, since even the English missionaries considered its terms too onerous. The agreement that Peters made with Mwanga was nullified by the 1 July 1890 treaty between Britain and Germany, which extended inland the line of division between their areas of influence in East Africa, leaving Buganda in the British sphere and moving the centre of interest from the coast to the hinterland. The Imperial British East Africa Company sent Frederick Lugard, its military administrator, to Mengo, where in December 1890 he got Mwanga to accept for a period of two years an agreement with the Company. This", "title": "Uganda Martyrs" }, { "id": "2950255", "text": "during early 1890, Peters concluded a treaty with Kabaka Mwanga II of Buganda in favour of Germany. He had to leave Uganda hastily on the approach of an expedition commanded by Frederick Lugard, the representative of the Imperial British East Africa Company. On reaching Zanzibar he learned that his efforts were useless, as on 1 July 1890 the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty between Germany and the UK had been signed, whereby Uganda was left as an area of British influence and Peters' agreement with Mwanga became null and void. Meanwhile, the power of his company had ended when the coastal population rebelled", "title": "Carl Peters" }, { "id": "8729156", "text": "government used tactics that could have led to war has been plausibly argued as the result of fear of Portuguese occupation of Manicaland and the Shire Highlands, which would have forestalled British interests. In an attempt to reach an agreement over Portuguese African borders, the Treaty of London defining the territorial limits of Angola and Mozambique, was signed on 20 August 1890 by Portugal and the United Kingdom. The treaty was published in the \"Diário do Governo\" (Portugal's \"Government Diary\") on 30 August and presented to the parliament that same day, leading to a new wave of protests and the", "title": "1890 British Ultimatum" }, { "id": "20773655", "text": "November 1800, the delegates were received by the Grand Vizier, who presented them with the new constitution, a diploma recognizing the autonomy of the Republic and regulated its relations to the Porte, and the new flag. Then a solemn procession brought them to the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Phanar, where Patriarch Neophytus VII blessed the flag of the new state. The treaty was recognized, and adhered to, by the United Kingdom in January 1801. The new regime envisaged in the \"Byzantine\" Constitution proved short-lived, as popular reaction led to the adoption of new constitutions in 1801 and 1803. The Septinsular Republic", "title": "Treaty of Constantinople (1800)" }, { "id": "20693078", "text": "William Frederick Travers O'Connor Lieutenant Colonel Sir William Frederick Travers O'Connor C.I.E. C.S.I. C.V.O (30 July 1870, Ireland - 14 December 1943, Chelsea.) was a British and Indian Army officer and diplomat. He was 6'1\" tall with blue eyes and a fair complexion. He is remembered for his travels in Asia, cartography, study and publication of local cultures and language, his actions on the Younghusband expedition to Tibet, Royal Geographic Society council member, member of the Royal Automobile Club and for his work negotiating and signing the Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923. O'Connor was born on 30 July 1870, Longford, Ireland,", "title": "William Frederick Travers O'Connor" }, { "id": "17093406", "text": "Treaty of Paris (1802) The Treaty of Paris was signed on 25 June 1802 between the First French Republic, then under First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Ottoman Empire, then ruled by Sultan Selim III. It was the final form of a preliminary treaty signed at Paris on 9 October 1801 that brought to an end the French campaign in Egypt and Syria and restored Franco-Ottoman relations to their \"status quo ante bellum\". In the treaty the Ottoman Empire also assented to the Treaty of Amiens (25 March 1802), a peace treaty between France and the United Kingdom, which had", "title": "Treaty of Paris (1802)" }, { "id": "17089915", "text": "the reformed LEGCO. Strictly speaking, the return of Mutesa himself to Uganda was outside the conference's terms of reference as unthinkable to the British. However, the High Court's findings shortly after news of the agreement at Namirembe (but before the \"Agreed Recommendations\" could be published) that the British Government's reliance on Article 6 was \"mistaken\" put pressure on Cohen. In November, he reversed the British Government's positions and agreed to Mutesa's return, contingent on the adoption and implementation of the Namirembe recommendations. Following further negotiations, held in London, the Namirembe recommendations (with minor modifications) were adopted in July 1955 in", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "2022453", "text": "powerful states in East Africa during the eighteenth and 19th centuries. During the Scramble for Africa, and following unsuccessful attempts to retain its independence against British imperialism, Buganda became the centre of the Uganda Protectorate in 1894; the name Uganda, the Swahili term for Buganda, was adopted by British officials. Under British rule, many Baganda acquired status as colonial administrators, and Buganda became a major producer of cotton and coffee. Following Uganda's independence in 1962, the kingdom was abolished by Uganda's first Prime Minister Milton Obote in 1966. Following years of disturbance under Obote and dictator Idi Amin, as well", "title": "Buganda" }, { "id": "2465064", "text": "This land fragmentation was aided by the British, who in 1927 forced the chiefs to limit severely the rents and obligatory labour they could demand from their tenants. Thus the oligarchy of landed chiefs who had emerged with the Buganda Agreement of 1900 declined in importance, and agricultural production shifted to independent smallholders, who grew cotton, and later coffee, for the export market. Unlike Tanganyika, which was devastated during the prolonged fighting between Britain and Germany in the East African Campaign of World War I, Uganda prospered from wartime agricultural production. After the population losses from disease during the era", "title": "Uganda Protectorate" }, { "id": "1593759", "text": "its own defense or the preservation of order, specifically declared the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty abrogated, and struck out the third clause inviting the concurrence of other powers. The Senate ratified the Treaty with this amendment on 20 December 1900, but Great Britain refused to accept the amended treaty, and it expired by limitation on 5 March 1901. The two diplomats, United States Secretary of State John Hay and British Ambassador to the United States Lord Pauncefote, set to work on a compromise, which they signed on 18 November 1901. President Theodore Roosevelt sent it to the Senate, which ratified it on", "title": "Hay–Pauncefote Treaty" }, { "id": "2022457", "text": "in 1993. The Head of Government is the Katikkiro (Prime Minister) Charles Mayiga, who was appointed by the Kabaka in 2013. The Parliament of Uganda is the Lukiiko. Prior to the Buganda Agreement of 1900, Buganda was an almost absolute monarchy. Under the Kabaka, there were three types of chief: \"bakungu\" (administrative) chiefs, who were appointed directly by the Kabaka; traditional \"bataka\" chieftans; and \"batangole\" chiefs, who served as representatives of the Kabaka, charged with \"maintaining internal security, supervising royal estates and military duties\". The 1900 agreement, however, greatly enhanced the power of the Lukiiko (which had previously been simply", "title": "Buganda" }, { "id": "17089916", "text": "the form of a new Buganda Agreement that would \"supplement and where necessary amend the Agreement of 1900\". The main delay had been caused by a conflict between Mutesa's desire to sign the final agreement in Buganda, and the British view that his agreement was a prerequisite for his return. The solution found was \"a transitional Agreement which will run until the main Agreement is signed in Buganda by the Kabaka on his return. This transitional Agreement will be in the same terms as the main Agreement, apart from the transitional provisions, and after approval by the Lukiko will be", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "20148516", "text": "Young Baganda Association The Young Baganda Association is a political party created in the Uganda protectorate in 1919 by Z.K. Sentongo. It brokes up in 1922. The 1900 Uganda agreement merged many kingdoms into the boundaries of today’s Uganda. The most powerful of these ancient kingdoms was Buganda, mainly inhabited by Baganda people: British invaders gave political power to its African customary chiefs, who gathered in a Council (\"Lukiko\") and presided over by the king (\"Kabaka\"). They were also given land in order to gain their fidelity. However, the spread of schools caused a generation of young educated people to", "title": "Young Baganda Association" }, { "id": "14755917", "text": "35 years. In 1910 his remains were repatriated and buried at Kasubi. The war against Kabaka Mwanga II had been expensive, and the new commissioner of Uganda in 1900, Sir Harry H. Johnston, had orders to establish an efficient administration and to levy taxes as quickly as possible. Sir Johnston approached the chiefs in Buganda with offers of jobs in the colonial administration in return for their collaboration. The chiefs did so but expected their interests (preserving Buganda as a self-governing entity, continuing the royal line of kabakas, and securing private land tenure for themselves and their supporters) to be", "title": "Baganda" }, { "id": "14755915", "text": "east, where a fleet of 230 war canoes waited to act as auxiliary naval support. The British in their colonial ventures were much impressed with government as well as social and economic organization of Buganda, which they ranked as the most advanced nation they had encountered in East Africa and ranked it with other highly advanced nations like the ones they had encountered in Zimbabwe and Nigeria. Under Kabaka Mwanga II, Buganda became a protectorate in 1894. This did not last and the Kabaka declared war on Britain in on July 6, 1897. He was defeated at the battle of", "title": "Baganda" }, { "id": "4197482", "text": "government of Nepal and Lt. Col. Paris Bradshaw on behalf of the Company. The signed copies of the treaty were exchanged on 4 March 1816 at Makawanpur by Chandra Sekhar Upadhayay and General David Ochterlony. The terms of the treaty were as follows:- DONE at Sugauli, on the 2nd day of December 1815. PARIS BRADSHAW, LT.-COL., P.A. Received this treaty from Chandra Shekhar Upadhyaya, Agent on the part of the Raja of Nepal, in the valley of Makwanpoor, at half-past two o'clock p.m. on 4 March 1816, and delivered to them the Counterpart Treaty on behalf of the British Government.", "title": "Treaty of Sugauli" }, { "id": "4193536", "text": "1889. On 26 December 1890, Mwanga signed a treaty with Lord Lugard, granting certain powers over revenue, trade and the administration of justice to the Imperial British East Africa Company. These powers were transferred to the crown on 1 April 1893. On 27 August 1894, Mwanga accepted for Buganda to become a Protectorate. However, on 6 July 1897 he declared war on the British and launched an attack but was defeated on 20 July 1897, in Buddu (in today's Masaka District). He fled into German East Africa (modern-day Tanzania), where he was arrested and interned at Bukoba. He was deposed", "title": "Mwanga II of Buganda" }, { "id": "20689496", "text": "an attempt to get the Kabaka's deportation declared \"ultra vires\" was unsuccessful, the High Court in Kampala suggested that the use of Article 6 was improper. The British subsequently accepted the return of Mutesa, in exchange for a commitment that he and future Kabakas would make a \"solemn engagement\" to be bound the 1900 Agreement. A number of constitutional changes within the Government of Buganda and to the national Legislative Council were agreed at the same time, progressing Cohen's reformist goals. Following further negotiations, held in London, the Namirembe conference recommendations were adopted as the Buganda Agreement of 1955 and", "title": "Kabaka crisis" }, { "id": "20689493", "text": "March 1953, and that he had five weeks to reconsider. Despite the apparent ultimatum, Mutesa, supported by the Bugandan Lukiiko (Parliament) and other neighbouring Kingdoms, continued pushing for Buganda secession. This intransigence prompted Cohen to write to him on 20 November 1953 to inform him that, under the provisions of Article 6 of the 1900 Agreement, the British Government was withdrawing their recognition of him as the legitimate ruler of Buganda. This position was confirmed on 30 November in the form of a written declaration. Cohen was fearful that this action would incite violent protest by the Baganda and declared", "title": "Kabaka crisis" }, { "id": "14755908", "text": "the United States. Traditionally, they speak Luganda. Kabaka Mwanga II was Buganda's Last Powerful Kabaka. After his reign Buganda Kingdom's influence in the region was weakened significantly. Kabaka Mwanga II was betrayed by some of his Mengo confidants who collaborated with colonial British Bazungu to exile the Kabaka to Seychelles Islands where he later died as a loner. It was under these circumstances that Buganda Land was divided among regents and the British colonialist on behalf of the Queen of England. The early history of the Ganda is unclear, with various conflicting traditions as to their origins. One tradition holds", "title": "Baganda" }, { "id": "12960631", "text": "Peace of Basel. Toussaint had also challenged French imperial interests by promulgating a self-rule constitution on 12 July 1801, which declared himself governor for life. On 9 February 1801, after their defeat at Marengo, the Austrians split off from the Second Coalition and signed the Treaty of Lunéville with France. Naples then signed a peace treaty with the French at Florence and Russia under Paul I distanced itself from the coalition, with his successor Alexander I finally concluded a secret peace with Bonaparte on 10 October 1801. Britain was thus isolated and, after the first ministry of William Pitt the", "title": "Saint-Domingue expedition" }, { "id": "1569480", "text": "Entente Cordiale The Entente Cordiale () was a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the French Republic which saw a significant improvement in Anglo-French relations. Beyond the immediate concerns of colonial expansion addressed by the agreement, the signing of the Entente Cordiale marked the end of almost a thousand years of intermittent conflict between the two states and their predecessors, and replaced the \"modus vivendi\" that had existed since the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 with a more formal agreement. The Entente Cordiale was the culmination", "title": "Entente Cordiale" }, { "id": "5152839", "text": "in tandem with the informal understanding with the United States that partitioned Samoa. It only remained for the three powers to negotiate a tripartite convention in order to secure the approval of the United States to the whole agreement. The Tripartite Convention of 1899 was duly constituted and documents were signed at Washington on 2 December 1899 by the U.S. Secretary of State John Hay, Baron Theodor von Holleben, German ambassador to the United States, and Sir Julian Pauncefote, British ambassador to the United States, with ratifications exchanged on 16 February 1900. United States: Germany: United Kingdom: These treaty arrangements", "title": "Tripartite Convention" }, { "id": "14142056", "text": "in London on 13 August 1814. It was signed by Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, for the British and Hendrik Fagel for the Dutch. The treaty returned the colonial possessions of the Dutch as they were at 1 January 1803 before the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars, in the Americas, Africa, and Asia with the exceptions of the Cape of Good Hope and the South American settlements of Demerara, Essequibo, and Berbice, where the Dutch retained trading rights. In addition, the British ceded to the Dutch Bangka Island in the Indonesian Archipelago in exchange for the settlement of Kochi and its", "title": "Netherlands–United Kingdom relations" }, { "id": "6466762", "text": "Africa Company to administer the East African territory assigned to Britain in its 1886 treaty with Germany. In November 1889, Mwanga asked the Company's agent Frederick Jackson for help. Jackson hesitated to accept the request, because he had been given orders not to enter Buganda. Carl Peters, an agent of the corresponding German company, learning of Mwanga's appeal, decided to respond to it. He arrived at Mengo, Mwanga's new capital, a fortnight after the February 1890 defeat of the Muslims. Since these still presented a threat, Mwanga accepted his offer of a treaty. Jackson then arrived and offered a treaty,", "title": "Uganda Martyrs" }, { "id": "3351847", "text": "The Armistice was prolonged three times before peace was finally ratified. During this period it was also developed. Peace was ratified at 4:15 p.m. on 10 January 1920. For the Allies, the personnel involved were all military. The two signatories were: Other members of the delegation included: For Germany, the four signatories were: Among its 34 clauses, the armistice contained the following major points: A. Western Front B. Eastern and African Fronts C. At sea D. General The British public was notified of the armistice by a subjoined official communiqué issued from the Press Bureau at 10:20 a.m., when British", "title": "Armistice of 11 November 1918" }, { "id": "1862984", "text": "the issue of religion presented an insurmountable problem, and the pressure of British diplomacy prevented the marriage. He then met and married Princess Amélie of Orléans, eldest daughter of Philippe, comte de Paris, pretender to the throne of France. Carlos became king on 19 October 1889. After the 1890 British Ultimatum, a series of colonial treaties were signed with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. One signed in August 1890 defined African colonial borders along the Zambezi and Congo rivers, whereas another signed on 14 October 1899 confirmed colonial treaties of the 17th century. These treaties stabilised the", "title": "Carlos I of Portugal" }, { "id": "1328273", "text": "Treaty of Ghent The Treaty of Ghent () was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Both sides signed it on December 24, 1814, in the city of Ghent, United Netherlands. The treaty restored relations between the two nations to \"status quo ante bellum\", restoring the borders of the two countries to the lines before the war started in June 1812. The treaty was approved by the UK parliament and signed into law by the Prince Regent (the future King George IV) on", "title": "Treaty of Ghent" }, { "id": "2893285", "text": "link up with Bada Kaji Amar Singh Thapa. The British troops did not approach Sindhuli Gadhi and fell back to Makawanpur by the end of March 1816. The situation became very critical for Nepal and the British which eventually led to a treaty. Major General David Ochterlony settled down to receive the treaty, signed by Kathmandu Durbar through Chandra Sekhar Upadhyaya, Pandit Gajaraj Mishra and finally though Bhaktawar Singh Thapa. Two days later the ratified treaty was handed over to the British in Makawanpur. The war ended with the Treaty of Sugauli, which has been considered as an unequal treaty", "title": "Anglo-Nepalese War" }, { "id": "17089912", "text": "selected by the Lukiiko. The four main issues considered by the committee were the degree to which Buganda was 'independent' under the 1900 Agreement; the balance between federalism versus the need to preserve a unitary Ugandan state; the role of the Kabaka; and the participation of Buganda in the Uganda Legislative Council (LEGCO). Discussions were lengthy, and while there was some progress, it was clear to Hancock that the Committeein particular held firm views in favour of a federal model for Buganda that would be at odds with the British emphasis on a unitary state. The Namirembe Conference proper opened", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "16942425", "text": "Mediterranean Agreements (1887) The Mediterranean Agreements (German \"Mittelmeerentente\"; French \"Entente de la Méditerranée\") were a series of treaties signed in 1887 by the United Kingdom with Italy on 12 February (through the mediation of Germany), with Austria-Hungary on March 24 and with Spain on May 4. Further notes were exchanged between Britain, Italy and Austria-Hungary on 12 December. On the face of it the treaties recognised the \"status quo\" in the Mediterranean Sea. In fact, one of the objectives was to halt the expansion of the Russian Empire in the Balkans and her wish to control the straits of the", "title": "Mediterranean Agreements (1887)" }, { "id": "20436606", "text": "Treaty of Windsor (1899) The Treaty of Windsor was a secret colonial declaration between the United Kingdom and Portugal in 1899. It was named after the earlier Treaty of Windsor (1386) though actually signed in London on 14 October 1899 by the British Prime Minister Lord Salisbury and the Portuguese ambassador Soveral. Anglo-Portuguese relations in Africa had been strained by the 1890 British Ultimatum which had blocked Portugal from joining its colonies in Angola and Mozambique across what later became Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe leading to the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1891, and by an Anglo-German understanding in 1898 that, if", "title": "Treaty of Windsor (1899)" }, { "id": "4173324", "text": "Treaty of the Dardanelles The Treaty of the Dardanelles (also known as the Dardanelles Treaty of Peace, Commerce, and Secret Alliance, the Treaty of Çanak, the Treaty of Chanak or ) was concluded between the Ottoman Empire and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 5 January 1809 at Çanak, Ottoman Empire. The treaty ended the Anglo-Turkish War. The Porte restored extensive British commercial and legal privileges in the empire. The United Kingdom promised to protect the integrity of the Ottoman Empire against the French threat, both with its own fleet and through weapons supplies to Constantinople. The", "title": "Treaty of the Dardanelles" }, { "id": "16461327", "text": "Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon The Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon was signed on 30 December 1803 between the British and Daulat Rao Sindhia, chief of the Maratha people at Anjangaon town located in Maharashtra. On 30 December 1803, the Sindhia signed the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon with the British after the Battle of Assaye and Battle of Argaon. The agreement was the result of Major General Arthur Wellesley's military campaigns in Central India in the first phase of the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1805). As a result of this treaty, Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat and fort", "title": "Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon" }, { "id": "14755916", "text": "Buddu on July 20 of the same year. He fled to German East Africa where he was arrested and interned at Bukoba. The Kabaka later escaped and led a rebel army to retake the kingdom before being defeated once again in 1898 and being exiled to the Seychelles. Kabaka Mwanga II of Buganda was allowed near complete autonomy and a position as overlord of the other kingdoms. While in exile, Mwanga II was received into the Anglican Church, was baptized with the name of Danieri (Daniel). He spent the rest of his life in exile. He died in 1903, aged", "title": "Baganda" }, { "id": "3859700", "text": "enforce its commercial independence. Negotiations between France and Britain to end the War of the Second Coalition began in late 1801, resulting in the March 1802 Treaty of Amiens which brought temporary peace to Europe. In December 1801, a French expeditionary force landed on Saint-Domingue; shortly afterwards, the Americans finally obtained details of the 1801 Treaty of Aranjuez in which Spain agreed to transfer Louisiana to France. French ambitions were clear and the presence of 20,000–30,000 veteran troops in Saint-Domingue gave them the ability to implement that policy. However, by October 1802, it was clear the expedition had been a", "title": "Convention of 1800" }, { "id": "2151101", "text": "Zanzibar mainland. In August 1890, Lugard departed on foot from Mombasa for Uganda to secured British predominance over German influence in the area and put an end to the civil disturbances between factions in the kingdom of Buganda. En route, Lugard was instructed to enter into treaties with local tribes and build forts in order to secure safe passage for future IBEAC expeditions. The IBEAC employed official treaty documents that were signed by their administrator and the local leaders but Lugard preferred the more equitable blood brotherhood ceremony and entered into several brotherhood partnerships with leaders who inhabited the areas", "title": "Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard" }, { "id": "958483", "text": "Jean Victor Moreau at the Battle of Hohenlinden on 3 December. Forced to sue for peace, the Austrians signed another in a series of treaties. The treaty, along with the Treaty of Amiens of 1802), marked the end of the Second Coalition against the French First Republic. The United Kingdom was the sole nation still at war with France for another year. The Treaty of Lunéville declared that \"there shall be, henceforth and forever, peace, amity, and good understanding\" among the parties. The treaty required Austria to enforce the conditions of the earlier Treaty of Campo Formio (concluded on 17", "title": "Treaty of Lunéville" }, { "id": "1569488", "text": "war, both powers \"shucked off their ancient rivalry\" and resolved their differences in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and the Pacific. Toward this end, French foreign minister Théophile Delcassé, and Lord Lansdowne, the British Foreign Secretary, negotiated an agreement on colonial matters, and Lord Lansdowne and Paul Cambon, the French Ambassador to the UK, signed the resulting convention on 8 April 1904. The Entente was composed of three documents: It is unclear what exactly the \"Entente\" meant to the British Foreign Office. For example, in early 1911 following French press reports contrasting the virility of the Triple Alliance with the moribund", "title": "Entente Cordiale" }, { "id": "6466765", "text": "Protestant. With the aid of the Church Missionary Society, which used the deaths of their martyrs to win broad public support in Britain for acquiring Uganda, Lugard then successfully dissuaded Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone and his cabinet from abandoning Uganda. The powers of the company were transferred to the British Crown on 1 April 1893 and on 27 August 1894 Mwanga accepted Buganda being made a British protectorate. However, on 6 July 1897 he declared war on the British. Defeated on 20 July in Buddu (in today's Masaka District), an area assigned to Catholics in the 1892 treaty, he", "title": "Uganda Martyrs" }, { "id": "16460733", "text": "Treaty of Washington (1900) The Treaty of Washington of 1900 was signed on November 7, 1900, and came into effect on March 23, 1901, when the ratifications were exchanged. The treaty sought to remove any ground of misunderstanding growing out of the interpretation of Article III of the 1898 Treaty of Paris by clarifying specifics of territories relinquished to the United States by Spain. It explicitly provided: In consideration for that explicit statement of relinquishment, the United States agreed to pay to Spain the sum of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) within six months after the exchange of ratification. The", "title": "Treaty of Washington (1900)" }, { "id": "4725787", "text": "the European Patent Forum in Munich, Germany, Angela Merkel said that she and German Justice Minister Brigitte Zypries would fight to see the London Agreement realised. She called the London Agreement \"an important step in the right direction\". This agreement was signed by 10 countries, namely Denmark, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. To enter into force, the deposit of instruments of ratification by at least eight countries, including at least France, Germany and the United Kingdom had to take place. Up to now, Monaco, Germany, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Netherlands, Liechtenstein, Luxemburg, Denmark, and", "title": "London Agreement (2000)" }, { "id": "2022458", "text": "an advisory council) at the expense of the Kabaka. While Buganda retained self-government, as one part of the larger Uganda Protectorate, it would henceforth be subject to formal British overrule. The Buganda Agreement of 1955 continued the transition from absolute to constitutional monarchy. During Uganda independence, the constitutional position of Buganda (and the degree to which it would be able to exercise self-government) was a major issue. Discussions as part of the Uganda Relationships Commission resulted in the Buganda Agreement of 1961 and the first Constitution of Uganda (1962), as part of which Buganda would be able to exercise a", "title": "Buganda" }, { "id": "2152742", "text": "military strength of Great Britain in less than 70 years. The treaty was negotiated by U.S. Secretary of State James Buchanan, who later became president, and Richard Pakenham, British envoy to the United States and member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom for Queen Victoria; the Earl of Aberdeen was at the time Foreign Secretary, and it was he who was responsible for it in Parliament. The treaty was signed on June 15, 1846, ending the joint occupation with Great Britain and making most Oregonians below the 49th parallel American citizens. The Oregon Treaty set the U.S. and", "title": "Oregon Treaty" }, { "id": "17349933", "text": "as Commissaire du Roi. Aware of the potential threat of losing sovereignty of parts of the New Zealand island chain to the French, during early 1840, Lieutenant-Governor William Hobson was tasked with securing the whole of the country for the British Government. To this end, the Treaty of Waitangi was signed as an agreement between the British Crown and the indigenous Māori population. By the time \"Aube\" arrived at the Bay of Islands in June 1840, the acquisition of the country by Britain was effectively complete. Faced with no prospect of anything more than a small colonial settlement, Lavaud left", "title": "Nanto-Bordelaise Company" }, { "id": "905908", "text": "earlier proposals. Hawkesbury stated that he wanted to open discussions on terms for a peace agreement. Otto, generally under detailed instructions from Bonaparte, engaged in negotiations with Hawkesbury in mid-1801. Unhappy with the dialogue with Otto, Hawkesbury sent diplomat Anthony Merry to Paris, who opened a second line of communications with the French foreign minister, Talleyrand. By mid-September, written negotiations had progressed to the point that Hawkesbury and Otto met to draft a preliminary agreement. On 30 September, they signed the preliminary agreement in London, which was published the next day. The terms of the preliminary agreement required Britain to", "title": "Treaty of Amiens" }, { "id": "17093408", "text": "uses three systems of dating: the French Revolutionary calendar, the Islamic calendar and the Gregorian calendar. The French signatory was Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord and the Ottoman was Seyyid Mehmed Said Galip Efendi. After the treaty, the Ottomans retained good relations with the French. Treaty of Paris (1802) The Treaty of Paris was signed on 25 June 1802 between the First French Republic, then under First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Ottoman Empire, then ruled by Sultan Selim III. It was the final form of a preliminary treaty signed at Paris on 9 October 1801 that brought to an end", "title": "Treaty of Paris (1802)" }, { "id": "8631255", "text": "the Chinese emperor to depose the Dalai Lama. The Tibetan Council of Ministers and the General Assembly began to submit to pressure on the terms as August progressed, except on the matter of the indemnity which they believed impossibly high for a poor country. Eventually however Younghusband intimidated the regent, Ganden Tri Rinpoche, and the Tsongdu (Tibetan National Assembly), into signing a treaty on 7 September 1904, drafted by himself, known subsequently as the Treaty of Lhasa. It was signed, again at Younghusband's insistence, at the Potala Palace. He wrote gleefully to his wife that he had been able to", "title": "British expedition to Tibet" }, { "id": "1569493", "text": "Sir Christopher Mallaby, British ambassador to France between 1993 and 1996. Entente Cordiale The Entente Cordiale () was a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the French Republic which saw a significant improvement in Anglo-French relations. Beyond the immediate concerns of colonial expansion addressed by the agreement, the signing of the Entente Cordiale marked the end of almost a thousand years of intermittent conflict between the two states and their predecessors, and replaced the \"modus vivendi\" that had existed since the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815", "title": "Entente Cordiale" }, { "id": "6651070", "text": "influence by opening up customs and harbormaster posts. Through these posts the Ottomans tried to forcefully compel Mubarak to accept the new Ottoman presence, therefore showing real loyalty to the Ottomans. However, the British publicly reinforced Kuwait as they began solidifying the meaning of the 1899 Agreement. This showdown caused a crisis between the Ottomans and the British over Kuwait's status as a state. After the Perseus Zuhaf encounter, where an Ottoman and British warship had a stand-off with each other, Mubarak, the British, and the Ottomans agreed to sign the Status Quo Agreement in September 1901. This agreement maintained", "title": "Mubarak Al-Sabah" }, { "id": "1848500", "text": "Bay of Islands. The treaty was signed by representatives acting on behalf of the British Crown and, initially, about 45 Māori chiefs. Over the course of the next seven months, copies of the treaty were toured around the country to give other chiefs the opportunity to sign. The signing had the effect of securing British sovereignty over the islands of New Zealand, which was officially proclaimed on 21 May 1840. Prior to 1934, most celebrations of New Zealand's founding as a colony were held on 29 January, the date on which William Hobson arrived in the Bay of Islands to", "title": "Waitangi Day" }, { "id": "436834", "text": "ba-Ingleza Protestants and ba-Fransa Catholics. Because of civil unrest and financial burdens, IBEAC claimed that it was unable to \"maintain their occupation\" in the region. British commercial interests were ardent to protect the trade route of the Nile, which prompted the British government to annex Buganda and adjoining territories to create the Uganda Protectorate in 1894. In the 1890s, 32,000 labourers from British India were recruited to East Africa under indentured labour contracts to construct the Uganda Railway. Most of the surviving Indians returned home, but 6,724 decided to remain in East Africa after the line's completion. Subsequently, some became", "title": "Uganda" }, { "id": "1771787", "text": "in \"Sidmouth street\" in Devizes. Henry Addington died in London on 15 February 1844 at the age of 86, and was buried in the churchyard at St Mary the Virgin Mortlake, Greater London. Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, (30 May 1757 – 15 February 1844) was a British statesman who served as Prime Minister from 1801 to 1804. He is best known for obtaining the Treaty of Amiens in 1802, an unfavourable peace with Napoleonic France which marked the end of the Second Coalition during the French Revolutionary Wars. When that treaty broke down he", "title": "Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth" }, { "id": "17089913", "text": "on 30 July, with both the Committee and Cohen represented. On the crucial issue of federalism, Cohen produced a paper in early August arguing for greater devolution to Buganda, without going as far as federalism. At the same time, the non-African members of LEGCO agreed to give up one European and one Asian representative seat and transfer these to African members. By the time the conference closed in early September, it had agreed a number of recommendations, including that \"the Kingdom of Buganda... should continue to be an integral part of the Protectorate; that the conduct of public affairs in", "title": "Buganda Agreement (1955)" }, { "id": "958482", "text": "Treaty of Lunéville The Treaty of Lunéville was signed in the Treaty House of Lunéville on 9 February 1801. The signatory parties were the French Republic and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II. The latter was negotiating both on his own behalf as ruler of the hereditary domains of the Habsburg Monarchy and on behalf of other rulers who controlled territories in the Holy Roman Empire. The signatories were Joseph Bonaparte and Count Ludwig von Cobenzl, the Austrian foreign minister. The Austrian army had been defeated by Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Marengo on 14 June 1800 and then by", "title": "Treaty of Lunéville" }, { "id": "9298619", "text": "and Romania, British (British Mandate of Mesopotamia) and French colonies. The initial agreement takes the names of the British petroleum minister, Sir Walter Long, and the French petroleum minister, Henri Bérenger, who negotiated the agreement. San Remo Oil Agreement The San Remo Oil Agreement was an agreement between Britain and France signed at the San Remo conference on 24 April 1920. As a result of this agreement, the French Compagnie Française de Petroles (CFP) acquired a 25% share in the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC). The other shareholders were the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) with 47.5%, the Anglo Saxon Petroleum Co", "title": "San Remo Oil Agreement" }, { "id": "18724802", "text": "Majesty and the King of the French for their suppression of the Traffic In Slaves, signed at London, May 22, 1845. \"In faith of which we have hereunto set our hands and seals, at Lagos, on board Her Britannic Majesty’s ship Penelope, 1st January, 1852. (L.S. ) H. W. BRUCE (L.S. ) JOHN BEECROFT (L.S. ) KING AKITOYE (L.S. ) ATCHOBOO (L.S. ) KOSAE Treaty Between Great Britain and Lagos, 1 January 1852 The Treaty Between Great Britain and Lagos, 1 January 1852 was an agreement between the United Kingdom (represented by Commodore Henry William Bruce, Commander of the British", "title": "Treaty Between Great Britain and Lagos, 1 January 1852" }, { "id": "13936660", "text": "did not take part, leaving Foreign Secretary David Miliband to sign the Treaty alone. Instead, he signed the document at a lunch for heads of state and government later the same day. A requirement to appear before a committee of British MPs was cited as the reason for his absence. This brought criticism from opposition parties. The Conservatives claimed it made him appear “gutless” and referred to it as a \"stunt” which proved Brown was \"not very good at international diplomacy\". The Liberal Democrats claimed it raised \"serious questions\" and Chris Huhne said showed \"inept and peevish behaviour that leaves", "title": "Signing of the Treaty of Lisbon" }, { "id": "2464987", "text": "these was the rinderpest outbreak of 1891 that devastated the region's cattle. This was followed by outbreaks of sleeping sickness and smallpox that would halve the population of some areas. The victorious Protestant and Catholic converts then divided the Buganda kingdom, which they ruled through a figurehead kabaka dependent on their guns and goodwill. Thus, outside religion had disrupted and transformed the traditional state. Soon afterwards, the arrival of competing European imperialists—the German doctor Karl Peters (an erstwhile philosophy professor) and the British captain Frederick Lugard broke the Christian alliance; the British Protestant missionaries urged acceptance of the British flag,", "title": "Early history of Uganda" }, { "id": "1580988", "text": "abdicated as Emperor on 13 April, as a result of negotiations at Fontainebleau. Peace talks had started on 9 May between Talleyrand, who negotiated with the allies of Chaumont on behalf of the exiled Bourbon king Louis XVIII of France, and the allies. The Treaty of Paris established peace between France and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Russia, Austria, and Prussia, who in March had defined their common war aim in Chaumont. The Treaty was also signed by Portugal and Sweden while Spain signed shortly after in July. The allied parties did not sign a common document,", "title": "Treaty of Paris (1814)" }, { "id": "2266315", "text": "Apolo Kagwa Apolo Kagwa (standard Luganda orthography spelling Kaggwa) MBE (1864–1927) was a major intellectual and political leader in Uganda when it was under British rule. He was a leader of the Protestant faction and was appointed prime minister (Katikkiro) of the Kingdom of Buganda by King Mwanga II in 1890. He served until 1926. Kagwa served as regent from 1897 until 1914 when the infant King Daudi Chwa came of age. He is Buganda's first and foremost ethnographer. Kagwa was an administrative apprentice at the royal palace of Buganda when the first Christian missionaries arrived in the 1870s. These", "title": "Apolo Kagwa" }, { "id": "436833", "text": "the Indian Ocean coast of East Africa in the 1830s. They were followed in the 1860s by British explorers searching for the source of the Nile. British Anglican missionaries arrived in the kingdom of Buganda in 1877 (a situation which gave rise to the death of the Uganda Martyrs) and were followed by French Catholic missionaries in 1879. The British government chartered the Imperial British East Africa Company (IBEAC) to negotiate trade agreements in the region beginning in 1888. From 1886, there were a series of religious wars in Buganda, initially between Muslims and Christians and then, from 1890, between", "title": "Uganda" }, { "id": "2418339", "text": "preserved through the establishment of the Republic of Turkey. George Dixon Grahame signed for the UK, Alexandre Millerand for France, and Count Lelio Bonin Longare for Italy. Avetis Aharonian, the President of the Delegation of the First Republic of Armenia, which had signed the Treaty of Batum on 4 June 1918, was also a signatory. One Allied power, Greece, did not accept the borders as drawn, mainly due to the political change after the Greek legislative election, 1920, and never ratified the treaty. There were three signatories for the Ottoman Empire: ex-Ambassador Hadi Pasha, ex-Minister of Education Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı,", "title": "Treaty of Sèvres" }, { "id": "18552645", "text": "Lord Palmerston (British Prime Minister) who noted \"the expediency of losing no time in assuming the formal Protectorate of Lagos\". William McCoskry, the Acting Consul in Lagos with Commander Bedingfield convened a meeting with Oba Dosunmu on July 30, 1861 aboard HMS Prometheus where Britain's intent was explained and a response to the terms were required by August 1861. Dosunmu resisted the terms of the treaty but under the threat to unleash violence on Lagos by Commander Bedingfield, Dosunmu relented and signed the treaty. The text of the Lagos Treaty of Cession is transcribed below: \"Treaty between Norman B. Bedingfeld,", "title": "Lagos Treaty of Cession" }, { "id": "13284473", "text": "(1783). The treaty document was signed at the Hôtel de York – which is now 56 Rue Jacob – by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay (representing the United States) and David Hartley (a member of the British Parliament representing the British monarch, King George III). Hartley was lodging at the hotel, which was therefore chosen in preference to the nearby British Embassy – 44 Rue Jacob – as \"neutral\" ground for the signing. On September 3, Britain also signed separate agreements with France and Spain, and (provisionally) with the Netherlands. In the treaty with Spain, the colonies of", "title": "Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War" }, { "id": "572053", "text": "Entente Cordiale, an agreement delineating British and French colonies in North Africa, and ruling out any future war between the two countries. The Entente was negotiated in 1904 between the French foreign minister, Théophile Delcassé, and the British foreign secretary, Lord Lansdowne. It marked the end of centuries of Anglo-French rivalry and Britain's splendid isolation from Continental affairs, and attempted to counterbalance the growing dominance of the German Empire and its ally, Austria-Hungary. Edward was related to nearly every other European monarch, and came to be known as the \"uncle of Europe\". German Emperor Wilhelm II and Emperor Nicholas II", "title": "Edward VII" }, { "id": "120600", "text": "to which it had right by treaty, and the French had busily expanded their occupation at the expense of the area claimed by Spain. The treaty of Paris in 1900 left Spain with the continental enclave of Rio Muni, a mere 26,000 km out of the 300,000 stretching east to the Ubangi river which the Spaniards had initially claimed. The plantations of Fernando Pó were mostly run by a black Creole elite, later known as Fernandinos. The British occupied the island briefly in the early 19th century, settling some 2,000 Sierra Leoneans and freed slaves there. Limited immigration from West", "title": "Equatorial Guinea" }, { "id": "16942427", "text": "support to Russia's expansion efforts. Thus the Mediterranean Agreement, while not a \"de jure\" contradiction of the Reinsurance Treaty was at least contrary to its spirit. Mediterranean Agreements (1887) The Mediterranean Agreements (German \"Mittelmeerentente\"; French \"Entente de la Méditerranée\") were a series of treaties signed in 1887 by the United Kingdom with Italy on 12 February (through the mediation of Germany), with Austria-Hungary on March 24 and with Spain on May 4. Further notes were exchanged between Britain, Italy and Austria-Hungary on 12 December. On the face of it the treaties recognised the \"status quo\" in the Mediterranean Sea. In", "title": "Mediterranean Agreements (1887)" }, { "id": "12891327", "text": "negotiations leading to the kabaka's return had an outcome similar to the negotiations of Commissioner Johnston in 1900; although appearing to satisfy the British, they were a resounding victory for the Baganda. Cohen secured the kabaka's agreement not to oppose independence within the larger Uganda framework. Not only was the kabaka reinstated in return, but for the first time since 1889, the monarch was given the power to appoint and dismiss his chiefs (Buganda government officials) instead of acting as a mere figurehead while they conducted the affairs of government. The kabaka's new power was cloaked in the misleading claim", "title": "History of Buganda" }, { "id": "7896053", "text": "Africans. The parties to the agreement were the United Kingdom, France, the German Empire, the Kingdom of Portugal, the Congo Free State, the Kingdom of Italy, The Kingdom of Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, the Russian Empire, Austria-Hungary, Sweden-Norway, Denmark, the United States, the Ottoman Empire, Zanzibar, and Persia. The Brussels Act was supplemented and revised by the Convention of Saint-Germain-en-Laye signed by the Allied Powers of the First World War on 10 September 1919. Brussels Conference Act of 1890 The Brussels Conference Act of 1890 (full title: Convention Relative to the Slave Trade and Importation into Africa of Firearms, Ammunition,", "title": "Brussels Conference Act of 1890" }, { "id": "11236833", "text": "gains in South America. The modern border between French Guiana and Brazil is the Oyapock River, which was agreed in 1713; the proposed Treaty moved it south to the Araguari or Amapá River, taking in large parts of Northern Brazil. Portugal also agreed to close its ports to British shipping, pay an indemnity of 2 million francs and allow the import of French woollen goods. However, Napoleon refused to ratify the Treaty, claiming Lucien Bonaparte who signed it and his Foreign Minister Talleyrand who agreed the terms had both been bribed by the Portuguese. To minimise the impact of the", "title": "Treaty of Badajoz (1801)" }, { "id": "52568", "text": "European settlement increased through the early decades of the 19th century, with numerous trading stations established, especially in the North. In 1839, the New Zealand Company announced plans to buy large tracts of land and establish colonies in New Zealand. On 6 February 1840, Captain William Hobson and around 40 Maori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi. This treaty is considered by many to be New Zealand's founding document, but differing interpretations of the Maori and English versions of the text have meant that it continues to be a source of dispute. Britain was challenged again by France under Napoleon,", "title": "British Empire" }, { "id": "905918", "text": "setting a precedent. It also stated that the omission of any individual's titles was unintentional and not intended to be prejudicial. The Dutch and French representatives signed a separate convention, clarifying that the Batavian Republic was not to be financially responsible for the compensation paid to the House of Orange-Nassau. Preliminaries were signed in London on 1 October 1801. King George proclaimed the cessation of hostilities on 12 October. Upper-class British visitors flocked to Paris in the second half of 1802. William Herschel took the opportunity to confer with his colleagues at the Observatoire. In booths and temporary arcades in", "title": "Treaty of Amiens" }, { "id": "2441216", "text": "Crown. In response to the 1798 United Irishmen revolt, it became part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, effective January 1 1800. The Austrians negotiated the Treaty of Lunéville, basically accepting the terms of the previous Treaty of Campo Formio. In Egypt, the Ottomans and British invaded and finally compelled the French to surrender after the fall of Cairo and Alexandria. Britain continued the war at sea. A coalition of non-combatants including Prussia, Russia, Denmark, and Sweden joined to protect neutral shipping from Britain's blockade, resulting in Nelson's surprise attack on the Danish fleet in harbour at", "title": "War of the Second Coalition" }, { "id": "8729139", "text": "1890 British Ultimatum The 1890 British Ultimatum was an ultimatum by the British government delivered on 11 January 1890 to Portugal. The ultimatum forced the retreat of Portuguese military forces from areas which had been claimed by Portugal on the basis of historical discovery and recent exploration, but which the United Kingdom claimed on the basis of effective occupation. Portugal had attempted to claim a large area of land between its colonies of Mozambique and Angola including most of present-day Zimbabwe and Zambia and a large part of Malawi, which had been included in Portugal's \"Rose-coloured Map\". It has sometimes", "title": "1890 British Ultimatum" }, { "id": "13739008", "text": "and sign the Kyoto treaty, which set mandatory limits on carbon dioxide emissions. The celebration of the ending of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century was at New Year's Day, 2000. 20th-century events The 20th-century events include many notable events which occurred throughout the 20th century, which began on January 1, 1901, and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. In Europe, the British Empire achieved the height of its power. Germany and Italy, which came into existence as unified nations in the second half of the 19th century, grew in power, challenging", "title": "20th-century events" }, { "id": "20244878", "text": "at a point which it will consider suitable, from Gabbee to Garad.” .\" Declaration by the Mullah to Pestalozza, Ilig, I7 October 1904. After a long, three-way negotiation between the powers of Britain, Italy, Ethiopia and the Dervish, the British received a dervish delegation for a peace agrmeent: 1. Abdallah Shihiri, Habr Toljaala, Adan Madhoba; 2. Diria Arraleh, Habr Toljaala, Adan Madhoba; 3. Adem Egal, Mejertein, Rer Egaleh; 4. Moallem Mohamed Nur, Dolbahante Kayet. At last, on March 5th, 1905, the treaty of Ilig or the Pestalozza agreement was signed between the dervish and the powers, the dervish represented by", "title": "Nur Ahmed Aman" }, { "id": "11119091", "text": "two factions. Momentum remained with the Catholics until Lugard brought Maxim guns into play, resulting in the French Catholic mission being burnt to the ground and the Catholic bishop fleeing. With the support of Protestant Buganda chiefs secured, the British declared a protectorate in 1894 and began expanding its borders with the help of Nubian mercenaries formerly in the employ of the Egyptian khedive. In spite of the British declaration, actually taking control of the region was a prolonged affair. The British and their Buganda ally engaged in a bloody five-year conflict with Bunyoro, which boasted several regiments of rifle", "title": "Military history of Uganda" }, { "id": "2465048", "text": "to establish an efficient administration and to levy taxes as quickly as possible. Johnston approached the chiefs in Buganda with offers of jobs in the colonial administration in return for their collaboration. The chiefs, were more interested in preserving Buganda as a self-governing entity, continuing the royal line of kabakas, and securing private land tenure for themselves and their supporters. Hard bargaining ensued, but the chiefs ended up with everything they wanted, including one-half of all the land in Buganda. The half left to the British as \"Crown Land\" was later found to be largely swamp and scrub. Johnston's Buganda", "title": "Uganda Protectorate" }, { "id": "6015126", "text": "Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty The was the first treaty between the United Kingdom and the Empire of Japan, then under the administration of the Tokugawa shogunate. Signed on October 14, 1854, it paralleled the Convention of Kanagawa, a similar agreement between Japan and the United States six months earlier which effectively ended Japan's 220-year-old policy of national seclusion (\"sakoku\"). As a result of the treaty, the ports of Nagasaki and Hakodate were opened to British vessels, and Britain was granted most favored nation status with other western powers. Anglo-Japanese relations began in 1600 at the start of the Tokugawa shogunate with", "title": "Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty" }, { "id": "10786456", "text": "Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement attempted to end the Second Congo War through a ceasefire, release of prisoners of war, and the deployment of an international peacekeeping force under the auspices of the United Nations. The heads of state of Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe signed the agreement in Lusaka, Zambia on July 10, 1999. Representatives from the Southern African Development Community, Organization of African Unity, and the United Nations met in Lusaka and drafted the ceasefire agreement from June 21–27, 1999. Defense and Foreign Ministers of the parties to", "title": "Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement" }, { "id": "1328283", "text": "The British were preoccupied in rebuilding Europe after the apparent final defeat of Napoleon. Lord Liverpool told British negotiators to offer a status quo, which the British government had desired since the beginning of the war. British diplomats immediately offered this to the US negotiators, who dropped demands for an end to British maritime practices and Canadian territory (ignoring their war aims) and agreed. The sides would exchange prisoners, and Britain would return or pay for slaves captured from the United States. On December 24, 1814, the members of the British and American negotiating teams signed and affixed their individual", "title": "Treaty of Ghent" }, { "id": "3776987", "text": "kings failed, and he was approached to sign a peace treaty with the British. The Treaty of Rajghat, signed late December 1805, recognised him as a sovereign king. In 1811, the four-year-old \"Maharaja\" Malharrao Holkar II succeeded Yashwantrao Holkar. His mother, \"Maharani\" Tulsabai Holkar, looked after the administration. However, with the help of Pathans, Pindaris, and the British, Dharama Kunwar and Balaram Seth plotted to imprison Tulsabai and Malharrao. When Tulsabai learnt about this, she beheaded both of them in 1815 and appointed Tantia Jog. As a result, Gaffur Khan Pindari secretly signed a treaty with the British on 9", "title": "Holkar" }, { "id": "2464989", "text": "French mission and persuaded the Germans to relinquish their claim to Uganda. With Buganda secured by Lugard, and the Germans no longer contending for control, the British began to enlarge their claim to the \"headwaters of the Nile\" as they called the land north of Lake Victoria. Allying with the Protestant Baganda chiefs, the British set about conquering the rest of the country, aided by Nubian mercenary troops who had formerly served the khedive of Egypt. Bunyoro had been spared the religious civil wars of Buganda and was firmly united by its king, Kabarega, who had several regiments of troops", "title": "Early history of Uganda" } ]	who signed the 1900 buganda agreement on behalf of the british
[ "mid-1950s" ]	[ { "id": "3688416", "text": "x 190 cm), the sizes for other bed types tend to vary. Mainland European sizes differ, not merely because of the use of the metric system. In the mid-1950s, the United States bedding industry introduced a new size: the king size. A king-sized bed differs from the other sizes in implementation, as it is not common to have a king-sized box spring; rather, two smaller box-springs are used under a king-sized mattress. It is a common misconception that in a US \"standard\" or \"Eastern king\", the box springs are identical in size to a \"twin extra-long\"; however, \"twin extra-long\" mattresses", "title": "Bed" }, { "id": "7432981", "text": "the 1980s. During World War II, Simmons' facilities were diverted to military production, making cots, parachutes, bazooka rockets and other products. By the post-war year of 1947, the company was back in the mattress business and started using advertising to associate its products with the Hollywood glamor of actresses including Dorothy Lamour and Maureen O'Hara. A research and development facility was established in Munster, Indiana, in 1957, building upon pioneering studies on human sleep behavior that Simmons had sponsored in the 1930s. In 1958, the company became the first U.S. mattress maker to produce mattresses in king and queen sizes,", "title": "Simmons Bedding Company" }, { "id": "9187836", "text": "Daybed Daybeds are used as beds as well as for lounging, reclining and seating in common rooms. Their frames can be made out of wood, metal or a combination of wood and metal. They are a cross between chaise longue, couch and a bed. Daybeds typically feature a back and sides and come in twin size (39 in × 75 in = 99 cm × 191 cm). Often daybeds will also feature a trundle to expand sleeping capacity. Many of today's daybeds employ a linkspring as the support system for the mattress. The linkspring is a rectangular metal frame (roughly", "title": "Daybed" }, { "id": "3236329", "text": "for queen- and king-sized beds. The choice of bed pillow depends to some extent upon sleeping positions: one manufacturer recommends a thinner and softer pillow for sleeping face down, medium support for sleeping on one's back, and a thicker and firmer pillow for sleeping on the side. The classic bed pillow shape is usually a square or rectangle. In the US, they are common in these three sizes (in inches): Standard (20×26 inches), Queen (20×30 inches), and King (20×36 inches). In the US, a less common size is Jumbo (20×28 inches), which is larger than the Standard Size but smaller", "title": "Pillow" }, { "id": "2612167", "text": "the success of \"Into The Gap\". It was preceded by the single \"Don't Mess With Doctor Dream\" (UK No. 15) and followed by the single \"King For A Day\", which peaked at No. 22 in the UK, but reached No. 8 on the US chart. Other singles included a new US version of \"Lay Your Hands On Me\" (US No. 6), and a cover of The Beatles' 1968 hit \"Revolution\", which failed to make the UK Top 40. Prior to the album's release, the Thompson Twins performed on the American leg of Live Aid in July 1985 and were joined", "title": "Thompson Twins" }, { "id": "3554242", "text": "Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. There are some variations between the Nordic countries and the Baltic nations, but these are the most common sizes: Single: Three-Quarter: Double: Most beds are cm long. Extra long beds are usually , but they are rare. In Portugal the most common sizes for beds are: Solteiro (single) Casal (double) Queen Size King Size Super King Size In Spain the most common sizes are: 180/190/200 cm long 80/90/105/120/135/150 cm wide, the most common: \"Individual\" (single) = 90 cm wide \"Matrimonio\" (marital) = 135/150 cm wide Single: Double: The following", "title": "Bed size" }, { "id": "3554243", "text": "bed sizes are available in Australia The following bed sizes are available in New Zealand Comprehensive list of bed sizes in South Africa: XL mattress sizes vary only in length but not in width. In China, the regulation standard has following sizes available: In practice, bed sizes are usually categorized by the width. The length is typically two metres, but may vary. The most common sizes are: There are also extra size beds available, but they are less common. The following bed sizes are available in Indonesia, Singapore, and Malaysia: Bed size Standard bed sizes are based on standard mattress", "title": "Bed size" }, { "id": "15159170", "text": "loves her with emotional weakness. Rihanna's vocals were commended by critics. Commercially, the song topped the Polish and Slovakian charts, achieved the top-five in Australia, Austria, Czech Republic and Portugal, while also reaching the top-ten in Germany, New Zealand, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and others. In the United States, it reached the top-forty on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and topped the Dance Club Songs. The accompanying music video for the track was directed by Rihanna's longtime collaborator and director Anthony Mandler. Its tropical and romantic setting features an eighteen foot long bed designed specifically for the video. Rihanna promoted", "title": "California King Bed" }, { "id": "3570204", "text": "century the bed spring was invented, also called the box spring. In the 20th century United States, consumers bought the inner spring mattress, followed in the 1960s by the water bed (originating on the West Coast), and adoption of Japanese-style futons, air mattresses, and foam rubber mattresses and pillows. Bedding sizes are made with consideration of the dimensions of the bed and mattress for which it is to be used. Bed sizes vary around the world, with countries having their own standards and terminology. Mattress sizes can be categorized by their country of sale: In Spain, standard mattress widths are", "title": "Bedding" }, { "id": "10911553", "text": "J. Holiday Nahum Thorton Grymes (born November 29, 1984), better known by his stage name J. Holiday, is an American singer, songwriter, rapper and actor. He came into prominence in 2007 with his breakthrough hit \"Bed\", peaking at number five on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100. His debut album, \"Back of My Lac'\", was released in October 2007 and peaked at number 5 on the US \"Billboard\" 200. The album would also hit number 32 in the United Kingdom. \"Back of My Lac\" has sold just over 700,000 copies worldwide. His second album, \"Round 2\" was released on March 10,", "title": "J. Holiday" }, { "id": "17229557", "text": "shot hot debut for the week of April 20, 2013, while simultaneously debuting at number 50 on \"Billboard's\" Hot Country Songs chart. As of July 24, 2013, the song has sold 200,000 copies in the United States. It also debuted at number 96 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for the week of August 31, 2013. Your Side of the Bed \"Your Side of the Bed\" is a song recorded by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released April 8, 2013, as the third single from their fifth studio album, \"Tornado\". The song was written by", "title": "Your Side of the Bed" }, { "id": "20755646", "text": "Bed (Nicki Minaj song) \"Bed\" is a song by American rapper Nicki Minaj from her fourth studio album, \"Queen\" (2018). It was released as the second single from the album following \"Chun-Li\" on June 14, 2018, by Young Money Entertainment and Cash Money Records. The song was produced by Ben Billions, Beats Bailey, Supa Dups, and Messy; and features guest vocals by American singer Ariana Grande. It marks the fourth collaboration between the two. Commercially, the song peaked at number 42 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, as well as reached the top 20 in Australia, Scotland, and the United", "title": "Bed (Nicki Minaj song)" }, { "id": "3554240", "text": "generally refers to mattress size. This is because mattresses have a standard size grading, whereas bed frames do not. While many companies in the UK do offer bespoke bed making services, most mass-produced bed linens, bed frames and mattresses fit only the standard bed sizes above. A Queen size mattress in the UK is often misunderstood to be one of the larger sizes as is the case in many other parts of the world. At 120 cm in width, however, it is smaller than a UK double. Another common mistake is to use a mattress size as the required space", "title": "Bed size" }, { "id": "20763341", "text": "reached a wide audience when British singer Harry Styles tweeted a lyric from the song. Straus followed this with her second single \"Talia\" in April. On June 15, 2018, she released her debut extended play \"Make My Bed\". Straus identifies as genderqueer and gay. She is currently dating actress Amandla Stenberg. King Princess Mikaela Straus (born December 19, 1998), known by her stage name King Princess, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and producer from Brooklyn, New York. She is signed to Mark Ronson's label Zelig Records, an imprint of Columbia Records. Straus was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York.", "title": "King Princess" }, { "id": "3688398", "text": "Bed A bed is a piece of furniture which is used as a place to sleep or relax. Most modern beds consist of a soft, cushioned mattress on a bed frame, the mattress resting either on a solid base, often wood slats, or a sprung base. Many beds include a box spring inner-sprung base, which is a large mattress-sized box containing wood and springs that provide additional support and suspension for the mattress. Beds are available in many sizes, ranging from infant-sized bassinets and cribs, to small beds for a single person or adult, to large queen and king-size beds", "title": "Bed" }, { "id": "15159181", "text": "at number four for two consecutive weeks. The song has since been certified Gold for sales of over 7,500 copies. In the United Kingdom, the song reached a peaked of number eight on the UK Singles Chart on June 5, 2011 as well as reaching a peak of number three on the UK R&B Chart on June 11, 2011. In the United States, the song made its debut on the week ending June 4, 2011 at number eighty on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and reached a peak of number thirty-seven, becoming Rihanna's 25th top forty hit on the", "title": "California King Bed" }, { "id": "3084477", "text": "(e.g., average natural human field of view is a lens with 50 mm focal length for 35 mm film). Clothing is measured in inches, not centimeters. American shoes sizes are measured on different scales for children, men, and women but all sizes are derived from inches. Major multi-national apparel brands including Nike, Adidas, Hanes, and Levi’s often sell the same inventory worldwide, with tags containing both SI and customary units in addition to laundry care symbols and instructions in many languages. Mattress sizes use non-numeric labels, such as king, queen, full, or twin. These sizes are defined in inches, unlike", "title": "Metrication in the United States" }, { "id": "20707559", "text": "Hip-Hop Video award at the 2018 MTV Video Music Awards. \"Bed\", featuring American singer Ariana Grande, was released as the album's second single on June 14 along with the album pre-order, and was later serviced to contemporary hit radio and rhythmic contemporary radio in the United States on June 19. Its music video, directed by Hype Williams, premiered on July 6 on Minaj's YouTube and Vevo accounts. The song peaked at number 42 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number 19 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and was certified gold by the RIAA. \"Barbie Dreams\" was released as the", "title": "Queen (Nicki Minaj album)" }, { "id": "3554239", "text": "standard mattress and box spring sizes. Beds vary by country of origin as per the table below. These dimensions are for the mattress – actual bed frames are a little larger to accommodate the mattress. Mattress thickness varies considerably. Standard bed sizes in the US and Canada are: Most modern beds/mattresses available in the UK and Ireland are sold using metric dimensions, as required by law. The names of standard mattress sizes were, however, originally attributed to specific imperial dimensions which remain in common use as a point of reference. It is worth noting that \"bed size\" in the UK", "title": "Bed size" }, { "id": "19718792", "text": "the poor financial performance, and was replaced in September 2018 by James Sturrock, the former CEO of Moonpig. In September 2018, the new CEO said that the company needed an injection of capital, and proposed a share placing to achieve it. Eve Sleep sells four mattresses, Light, Hybrid, Original and Premium. Bed names and size specifications vary in different countries. The mattress exists in all standard sizes in UK (single, double, king, super king...) and in US (single, twin, twin XL, full, king and California king), and fits all IKEA frames. The company also manufactures custom-sized mattresses on demand. The", "title": "Eve Sleep" }, { "id": "10696426", "text": "The song was produced by Rodney \"Darkchild\" Jerkins. The song did not fare well commercially, failing to chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and has since peaked at #83 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. The second single, \"Bed\", was released on June 19, 2007, it peaked at number 5 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number one on Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs for five weeks total and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The third single, \"Suffocate\" was released on October 2, 2007, the song has peaked at #2 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs", "title": "Back of My Lac'" }, { "id": "15338913", "text": "cover and those of its singles. Before the album's release, the song \"Digging the Grave\" was released as a single on February 28, 1995. That March, the band appeared on the British television program \"Top of the Pops\" to promote the single, later performing it on MTV Europe, Canal+'s \"Nulle Part Ailleurs\" and \"The Jon Stewart Show\". The single reached number 16 on the UK Singles Chart, and number 12 on the Australian ARIA Charts. It featured on an episode of \"Beavis and Butt-head\" in August 1995, and was included on the soundtrack of the 1996 Italian film \"Jack Frusciante", "title": "King for a Day... Fool for a Lifetime" }, { "id": "3688415", "text": "appear in the 18th century; the advertisements declare them as free from the insects which sometimes infested wooden bedsteads. Elsewhere, there was also the closed bed with sliding or folding shutters, and in England—where beds were commonly quite simple in form—the four poster was the usual citizen's bed until the middle of the 19th century. Bed sizes vary considerably around the world, with most countries having their own standards and terminology. While the \"double\" size appears to be standard among English speaking countries, based on the imperial measurement of 4 ft 6 in by 6 ft 3 in (137 cm", "title": "Bed" }, { "id": "14324834", "text": "Priscilla Renea Priscilla Renea Hamilton (born September 14, 1988) is an American singer and songwriter. She is signed to Capitol Records, and her debut album, \"Jukebox\", was released on December 1, 2009. She is best known for writing/co-writing the hit singles \"California King Bed\" by Rihanna, \"Worth It\" by Fifth Harmony, and A No No by Mariah Carey. Renea was born in Vero Beach, Florida in 1988. Her father was a member of the Navy. She has stated she began singing at age two but wasn't comfortable with singing around people until she was older. She later stumbled upon YouTube", "title": "Priscilla Renea" }, { "id": "3554241", "text": "for the full dimensions of the bed and mattress. Single size beds are usually wide by long. Most common sizes for double beds are: <br> wide by long <br> wide by long <br> wide by long (less common, but increasing popularity). Due to the popularity of imported beds (especially from IKEA), the length is becoming more common. In Italy, beds are classified by name and use the term Piazza as in \"one place\" Standard sizes are: Less common: Due to the popularity of imported beds (especially from IKEA), the length is becoming more common. These sizes are for Germany, Poland,", "title": "Bed size" }, { "id": "3954402", "text": "when folded. The point system was invented by French weavers in the mid-1700s since then, as now, blankets were shrunk as part of the manufacturing process. The word \"point\" derives from the French \"empointer,\" meaning \"to make threaded stitches on cloth.\" Over the centuries the sizes of blankets have shifted, particularly during the 1900s as beds became larger. Blankets of 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 point were most common during the fur trade era. Today Hudson's Bay blankets are commonly found in point sizes of 3.5 (twin bed), 4 (double), 6 (queen) and 8 (king). The misconception persists that originally", "title": "Hudson's Bay point blanket" }, { "id": "4243853", "text": "1996, at the Broadhurst Theatre and ran for 188 performances. It starred starring Sarah Jessica Parker as Winnifred, David Aaron Baker as Dauntless, Lewis Cleale as Sir Harry, Heath Lamberts as the King, Tom Alan Robbins as the Wizard, David Hibbard as the Jester, Tom Alan Robbins as Master Merton and Jane Krakowski as Lady Larken. The production was nominated for the 1997 Tony Award for Best Revival of a Musical. The musical opened Off-Broadway, produced by the Transport Group, at the Abrons Arts Center on December 13, 2015 for a limited run which ended on January 3, 2016. Directed", "title": "Once Upon a Mattress" }, { "id": "20849867", "text": "Nectar Sleep Nectar Sleep is a mattress and bed frame manufacturer, a brand of DreamCloud LLC that launched in 2017 and is headquartered in San Mateo, California. The brand is sold in the United States and the United Kingdom. Nectar Sleep was co-founded by Craig Schmeizer, Eric Hutchinson and Ran Reske in 2017 with remote operations and does not operate any brick-and-mortar showrooms. As per Inc.com it became one of the world’s fastest growing e-commerce companies by selling more than 50,000 beds and generating $55 million in revenue in the first year of business. The business was launched with no", "title": "Nectar Sleep" }, { "id": "6656926", "text": "2018. As of July 24, 2018, reruns aired on Comedy Central. The show became one of Fox's longest-running series (third-longest as an animated series, behind \"The Simpsons\" and \"Family Guy\").. A total of 259 episodes aired over the course of its 13 seasons. The final episode aired on Fox on September 13, 2009. Four episodes from the final season were to have aired on Fox, but later premiered in nightly syndication from May 3 to 6, 2010. In 2007, it was named by \"Time\" magazine as one of the top 100 greatest television shows of all time. \"King of the", "title": "King of the Hill" }, { "id": "3570206", "text": "a mattress. Flat sheet size is also may vary depending on vendor. Sleeping pillows covers are usually 50 x 70 cm, 60 x 60 or 70 x 70 cm. \"Euro\" prefix is refereed to Western Europe but actually the measurements doesn't match ones for the European countries. \"Euro Max\" matches \"King\" size. Bedding measurements: Bedding Bedding, also known as bedclothes or bed linen, is the materials laid above the mattress of a bed for hygiene, warmth, protection of the mattress, and decorative effect. Bedding is the removable and washable portion of a human sleeping environment. Multiple sets of bedding for", "title": "Bedding" }, { "id": "3688418", "text": "\"master size bed.\" One of the largest beds in the world is the Great Bed of Ware, made in about 1580. It is wide, long. The bed is mentioned by Shakespeare in \"Twelfth Night\". It is now in the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in London. Another bed in the V&A is the Golden Bed created by William Burges in 1879. In 1882, an Indian Maharajah had a bed made of solid silver. At each corner of the bed there was a life-sized statue of a naked woman holding a fan. When the Maharajah lay on the bed, his weight", "title": "Bed" }, { "id": "3554238", "text": "Bed size Standard bed sizes are based on standard mattress sizes, which vary from country to country. Bed sizes also vary according to the size and degree of ornamentation of the bed frame. Dimensions and names vary considerably around the world, with most countries having their own standards and terminology. In addition, two mattresses with the same nominal size may still have slightly different dimensions, due to manufacturing tolerances, amount of padding, and support type. In almost all territories, standard beds are rectangular but other shapes, notably circular, may be obtained by special order. Modern manufacturing conventions have produced many", "title": "Bed size" }, { "id": "10688145", "text": "Bed (J. Holiday song) \"Bed\" is a song by American singer J. Holiday serving as the second single for his debut studio album, \"Back of My Lac'\". It was released by Capitol Records as the album's second single on June 19, 2007. . The same artwork used for the single is also used for the Japan version for his debut album. \"Bed\" debuted on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in the issue week of July 4, 2007 at number 89 and has peaked at number 5. It was number 1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs for five weeks in a", "title": "Bed (J. Holiday song)" }, { "id": "15159192", "text": "is played on TV screens. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Loud\", Def Jam Recordings, SRP Records. California King Bed \"California King Bed\" is a song by Barbadian singer Rihanna from her fifth studio album, \"Loud\" (2010). The song was written and produced by Andrew Harr and Jermaine Jackson, of the American production duo The Runners, with Priscilla Renea and Alex Delicata. The song was chosen to be a single from the album through Twitter, and it was released as the album's sixth single on May 13, 2011, by Def Jam. \"California King Bed\" is a rock and R&B", "title": "California King Bed" }, { "id": "2552745", "text": "use or as permanent beds in the bedroom. Bed sizes for temporary air beds range from twin to king size, but few guest bed manufacturers offer king size as most guest air beds are sold outside the United States where king-size mattresses are not standard. Most permanent air beds use easy-to-find conventional sheets and bedding. California King (or Western King) sheets and bedding may be more difficult to find as this size was originally conceived for the waterbed industry. Raised guest or temporary beds are typically raised off the ground to keep users away from the floor and offer a", "title": "Air mattress" }, { "id": "15159190", "text": "which featured \"California King Bed\" as the song used in the commercials. As part of promotion for the campaign, Rihanna performed the song at private events in several European cities in May 2011, including Hamburg, Milan and Paris. The song was also performed on NBC's \"Today\" show on May 27, 2011, as part of their Summer Concert Series. The set also featured Rihanna performing her previous US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one hits from \"Loud\"; \"Only Girl (In the World)\", \"What's My Name?\" and \"S&M\". The song is included on the set-list of the Loud Tour (2011). Pia Toscano and Stefano", "title": "California King Bed" }, { "id": "11918636", "text": "Greek Theatre\". The title song and \"Bigger Than Elvis\" were first released in Canada on the 1995 double CD compilation \"Overtime\" (Astral Music). A single edit-version of \"Let's Take A Lifetime\" debuted in Europe on the 1996 Arcade Records compilation called \"The Very Best Of Chicago\" (a title which would be reused in North America in 2002). Five of the 12 tracks were released in Japan between 1997 and 1998 on the very rare green and gold editions of \"The Heart of Chicago\" compilations: \"All the Years\" (debut), \"Bigger Than Elvis\", and \"Sleeping in the Middle of the Bed Again\"", "title": "Chicago XXXII: Stone of Sisyphus" }, { "id": "7432975", "text": "Simmons Bedding Company The Simmons Bedding Company is an American major manufacturer of mattresses and related bedding products, based in Atlanta, Georgia. The company was founded in 1870, and is one of the oldest companies of its kind in the United States. Simmons' flagship brand is \"Beautyrest\". In addition to operating 18 manufacturing facilities in the United States and Puerto Rico, the company licenses its products internationally. According to a Simmons press release, net sales for 2005 were $855 million, and its revenue was $1.13 billion in 2007 and $1.228 billion in 2013. As of 2011, Simmons ranked in third", "title": "Simmons Bedding Company" }, { "id": "14142650", "text": "Sleeping Single in a Double Bed \"Sleeping Single In a Double Bed\" is a song written by Kye Fleming and Dennis Morgan, and recorded by American country music artist Barbara Mandrell. It was released in August 1978 as the first single from her album \"Moods\". \"Sleeping Single In a Double Bed\" was Barbara Mandrell's twenty-sixth chart hit on Billboard magazine's Hot Country Singles, the first of her six #1 singles on that chart. The single stayed at the top for three weeks (November 1978) and spent a total of eleven weeks in the top 40. In early 1980, the song", "title": "Sleeping Single in a Double Bed" }, { "id": "14205690", "text": "the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 58,000 copies in its first week. It produced two singles that achieved minimal \"Billboard\" chart success, \"Love King\" and \"Make Up Bag\". Upon its release, \"Love King\" received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised The-Dream's detailed production and complimented his sexual-themed and boastful lyrics. It was included in several year-end best album lists by music publications. Recording sessions for the album took place at Setal Studio in Miami, Florida, Studio At The Palms in Las Vegas, Nevada, The Nash Estate in Atlanta, Georgia, and Triangle Sound Studios in Atlanta. After reports of", "title": "Love King" }, { "id": "3466946", "text": "the top five of the UK Albums Chart. Their third album, \"Because of the Times\", also reached the number one spot. After the release of \"Only by the Night\" in September 2008 the band achieved chart success in the United States. The singles \"Sex on Fire\", \"Use Somebody\", and \"Notion\" all peaked at number one on the Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart. The album was their first Platinum-selling album in the United States, and was also the best-selling album of 2008 in Australia, being certified platinum nine times. The band's fifth album, \"Come Around Sundown\", was released on October 18,", "title": "Kings of Leon" }, { "id": "6656960", "text": "show, seasons seven and eight were released on November 18, 2014, with nine and ten released on April 7, 2015, eleven released on August 25, 2015, twelve released on September 22, 2015, and thirteen released (also Blu-ray) on October 20, 2015. Netflix streamed all episodes, but stopped streaming on October 1, 2013 and in early 2017 the series was removed from iTunes and Google Play without explanation, though it returned to the latter later that year. As of May 2018, all episodes were again removed from Google Play without explanation. On November 1, 2018, all episodes became available for streaming", "title": "King of the Hill" }, { "id": "15159172", "text": "to That)\" and \"Fading\". On March 12, she confirmed that \"California King Bed\" had been selected as the next international single. However, the releases were switched, and \"Man Down\" was sent to rhythmic and urban radio stations in the United States on May 3 – before the May 13 release of \"California King Bed\" – making \"Man Down\" and \"California King Bed\" the fifth and sixth singles from \"Loud\". The song was released digitally on May 13, 2011, through digital download via iTunes. It was first serviced to US hot adult contemporary radio on May 16, 2011, and later to", "title": "California King Bed" }, { "id": "20755651", "text": "\"Bed\" debuted at number 43 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 after a full week of tracking, with 19,000 downloads sold and 12 million streams. The song became Minaj's 91st entry on the chart, extending her record for most Hot 100 visits among women and tying James Brown for the seventh-best sum overall. It fell 24 positions to number 67 in its second week. In its fourth week, it rose to number 48, and later reached a peak of number 42 after her album Queen was released. Outside the United States, \"Bed\" also reached the top 20 in Australia, Scotland,", "title": "Bed (Nicki Minaj song)" }, { "id": "14059614", "text": "Berlin International Film Festival in July 1969, and Richard Lester received the C.I.D.A.L.C. Gandhi Award for it. On 26 March 1970, the film premiered in London at the CineCenta Cinema on Panton Street (today Odeon Panton Street), which was Europe's first multi-screen cinema. John Russell Taylor in \"The Times\" found the film both funny and frightening, but lacking ideas enough for a whole feature film: \"Precisely the same objection applies to the film as applied to the play: that it is based on one of those ideas which are fine in themselves but suffer from the drawback that once you", "title": "The Bed Sitting Room (film)" }, { "id": "20338201", "text": "single on 1 September 2017 and peaked at number 73 on the ARIA Singles Chart. \"Bloodstone\" was released as the album's second single on 20 October 2017. It peaked at number 59 on the ARIA Singles Chart, gaining a Gold certification in 2018. \"Keep Me Coming Back\" was released as the first promotional single on 29 September 2017, followed by \"Vesuvius\" on 6 October 2017, and \"Exclusive\" on 13 October 2017. \"Stay in Bed\" was released on 27 October 2017 as the fourth and final promotional single. Notes On 6 September, Sebastian announced the Conscious Tour, saying: \"The Conscious album", "title": "Conscious (Guy Sebastian album)" }, { "id": "6127918", "text": "whom were session musicians. Stone and Moser (and Cliffie Stone) appeared in the 1986 film \"Back To School\" as members of a bar band. In 1987, the band signed with Warner Bros. Records Nashville, debuting that January with the single \"The Bed You Made for Me,\" which Carlson wrote. This song spent twenty-four weeks on the Hot Country Songs charts, reaching a peak of No. 4. Following it were \"Whiskey, If You Were a Woman\" at No. 2 and two consecutive Number Ones: \"Somewhere Tonight\" (written by Rodney Crowell and Harlan Howard) and \"Cry, Cry, Cry.\" After the chart success,", "title": "Highway 101" }, { "id": "20849869", "text": "cancellation. Nectar sells a foam mattress called DreamCloud and an adjustable bed frame. Nectar Sleep Nectar Sleep is a mattress and bed frame manufacturer, a brand of DreamCloud LLC that launched in 2017 and is headquartered in San Mateo, California. The brand is sold in the United States and the United Kingdom. Nectar Sleep was co-founded by Craig Schmeizer, Eric Hutchinson and Ran Reske in 2017 with remote operations and does not operate any brick-and-mortar showrooms. As per Inc.com it became one of the world’s fastest growing e-commerce companies by selling more than 50,000 beds and generating $55 million in", "title": "Nectar Sleep" }, { "id": "12201407", "text": "and sung/performed by J. Holiday on his debut album \"Back of My Lac'\". \"Bed\" debuted on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 in the issue week of July 4, 2007 at number 89 and peaked at number 5. It was number 1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs for five weeks in a row. On Tuesday July 31, 2007 the song/single debuted on BET's 106 & Park countdown at number 9. On Wednesday, August 15, 2007,--its 11th day on the countdown-- \"Bed\" hit number one! The song was #70 on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007. The video", "title": "RedZone Entertainment" }, { "id": "6425502", "text": "given away in a contest celebrating Nickelodeon's 20 years on television. In 2006, one of Nickelodeon's celebrities would take over Nickelodeon from Monday to Friday, sitting on the Big Orange Couch. The following are the shows aired during SNICK for the year listed. Although these are the standard shows aired, some days would see variation in the SNICK line-up. 1992–1993: 1993 to mid-Summer 1994: April 16, 1994: October 29, 1994 December 1994–1996: December 24, 1995 Early 1996–Spring 1996: Spring 1996–October 5, 1996 October 12, 1996–Early 1997 Early Fall 1997 August–November 1997: 1997–1998: May 1998–October 1998: November 1998-February 1999 February 1999–September", "title": "SNICK" }, { "id": "14142651", "text": "won an American Music Award for Favorite Country Single. Sleeping Single in a Double Bed \"Sleeping Single In a Double Bed\" is a song written by Kye Fleming and Dennis Morgan, and recorded by American country music artist Barbara Mandrell. It was released in August 1978 as the first single from her album \"Moods\". \"Sleeping Single In a Double Bed\" was Barbara Mandrell's twenty-sixth chart hit on Billboard magazine's Hot Country Singles, the first of her six #1 singles on that chart. The single stayed at the top for three weeks (November 1978) and spent a total of eleven weeks", "title": "Sleeping Single in a Double Bed" }, { "id": "15724080", "text": "Hot 100 chart. In France, it peaked at number one for five consecutive weeks. \"California King Bed\" was released as the fourth international single on May 13, 2011, and as the sixth US single. It was sent to US Hot/Modern adult contemporary radio on May 16, 2011. The song peaked at number four in Australia and New Zealand and number eight on the UK Singles Chart. \"Cheers (Drink to That)\" was announced by Rihanna as the seventh single from the album on July 24, 2011. The single was released to US mainstream and rhythmic radio on August 2, 2011. The", "title": "Loud (Rihanna album)" }, { "id": "6656961", "text": "on Hulu. The show airs in syndication on broadcast networks. From 2001 to 2009, FX aired the series daily nationwide. The show aired on Adult Swim (the Cartoon Network programming block) from January 1, 2009 to June 30, 2018. The series began airing on Comedy Central beginning July 24, 2018. \"King of the Hill\" received critical acclaim over its 13-year run. Early reviews of the show were positive. Diane Holloway at the \"Chicago Tribune\" considered it the \"most Texan television series since \"Dallas\",\" and praised the show's \"sly sense of humor and subversive sensibility.\" At the \"Los Angeles Times\", writer", "title": "King of the Hill" }, { "id": "4243856", "text": "were combined or altered. Since the parts of the Minstrel and the Wizard were cut from this adaptation, a new prologue was written with Burnett singing \"Many Moons Ago\" as a bedtime story. In 2016, the special was included as a bonus feature on the DVD \"Carol + 2: The Original Queens of Comedy\". The third television version, which aired on December 18, 2005, on ABC in the United States as part of \"The Wonderful World of Disney\" and was released on DVD two days later, starred Carol Burnett as Queen Aggravain, Denis O'Hare as Prince Dauntless, Tom Smothers as", "title": "Once Upon a Mattress" }, { "id": "4467918", "text": "Polyphonic Spree. In the book, Hornby describes the people who run \"The Believer\" as being \"all dressed in white robes and smiling maniacally, sort of like a literary equivalent of the Polyphonic Spree.\" (pg. 30) There are three follow-up books, \"Housekeeping vs. The Dirt\" (2006), \"Shakespeare Wrote for Money\" (2008) and \"More Baths Less Talking\" (2012). Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read: Books bought: Books read:", "title": "The Polysyllabic Spree" }, { "id": "11603770", "text": "The Best of Barbara Mandrell The Best of Barbara Mandrell is a compilation album by American country music singer, Barbara Mandrell, released in January 1979. \"The Best of Barbara Mandrell\" covered most of Mandrell's biggest hits from the mid to late 1970s. It includes the #1, \"Sleeping Single In a Double Bed\", other Top 10s, including, \"Tonight\", \"Standing Room Only\", and \"Woman to Woman\". The compilation album also includes other charted songs from the era, including, \"Hold Me\" and \"Love Is Thin Ice\", as well as an album track that earned a Grammy nomination, \"After the Lovin'\". The album was", "title": "The Best of Barbara Mandrell" }, { "id": "2779565", "text": "Bed Bath & Beyond Bed Bath & Beyond Inc. is an American chain of domestic merchandise retail stores in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada and Mexico. Founded in 1971, the stores sell home goods primarily for the bedroom and bathroom, as well as kitchen and dining room. The company is included in the S&P 400 and Global 1200 Indices. It is also counted among the Fortune 500 and the Forbes Global 2000. In 1971, Warren Eisenberg and Leonard Feinstein opened a store in Springfield, New Jersey called Bed 'n Bath. By 1985, Eisenberg and Feinstein were operating 17 stores", "title": "Bed Bath & Beyond" }, { "id": "3107831", "text": "Bedroom A bedroom is a room of a house, mansion, castle, palace, hotel, dormitory, apartment, condominium, duplex or townhouse where people sleep. A typical western bedroom contains as bedroom furniture one or two beds (ranging from a crib for an infant, a single or twin bed for a toddler, child, teenager, or single adult to bigger sizes like a full, double, queen, king or California king (eastern or waterbed size for a couple), a clothes closet, a nightstand, and a dresser (dressing table). Except in bungalows, ranch style homes, or one-storey motels, bedrooms are usually on one of the floors", "title": "Bedroom" }, { "id": "16374995", "text": "the song live during the unveiling of his statue in Austin, Texas. The tracks \"Just Breathe\" and \"Come On Back Jesus\", were released as singles along with the non-album cut \"Can I Sleep In Your Arms\" during Record Store Day on April 21, 2012. On May 12, 2012, the entire album was premiered on Nelson's channel \"Willie's Roadhouse\" on Sirius XM Radio. It was released on May 15. According to the aggregate score website Metacritic, it received \"Generally favorable reviews\" based on nineteen reviews, with a final score of 70/100. Stephen Thomas Erlewine from AllMusic rated the album with three", "title": "Heroes (Willie Nelson album)" }, { "id": "4413313", "text": "1977, thirty-three years after the brand name change, Rizla released the first of their King Size rolling papers. In 1978 Fernand Painblanc took control of Rizla, bringing the tradition of Lacroix family ownership to an end. The liquorice-flavoured paper was released in 1981. In 1986, Rizla began rapid growth and large-scale advertising. One successful advertising campaign in 1986 was a popular series of calendars and posters. A café franchise, which was featured at various concerts in the UK in 1996, was also extremely popular. In 1997 they produced a limited edition King Size Rizla+ Purple medium-weight, extra width, king size", "title": "Rizla" }, { "id": "15159180", "text": "an \"overwrought rock weeper\" and the latter saying it is a \"howler of a ballad, with shlocky acoustic intro, trite piano and a faux-Slash solo.\" Before being officially released, \"California King Bed\" debuted on the Australian Singles Chart at number sixty-one on April 11, 2011 and peaked at number four for two consecutive weeks. The song has since been certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), for shipments of 70,000 copies. The song also made an appearance on the New Zealand Singles Chart before its official release, debuting at number eighteen on April 18, 2011, before eventually peaking", "title": "California King Bed" }, { "id": "12142263", "text": "the UK (no. 35 UK, 1981). She had success on the reggae charts in 1983 with \"Let's Dance\", before moving to the United States the following year. In 1995 she recorded a cover of \"My World Is Empty Without You\" after returning to Jamaica and signing to Tommy Cowan's Talent Corporation. In 2006, she released her first album, \"Steppin\". She has also worked as a model. Sheila Hylton Sheila Hylton (born 1956) is a British reggae singer who spent most of her childhood in Kingston, Jamaica. She is best known for the singles \"Breakfast in Bed\" and \"The Bed's Too", "title": "Sheila Hylton" }, { "id": "20176245", "text": "(who made the \"Cumfilux\" brand) as part of Continental Sleep Holdings from the early 1990s when it bought the company for £17m, but went into receivership in February 2016, and is now owned by Adova Group, funded by Perceva. It received a Royal Warrant to the Queen in 1963. In 1985 it received a Royal Warrant to the Prince of Wales. It is a member of the National Bed Federation. It makes its mattresses in Strood. Sleepeezee Sleepeezee is a British manufacturer of mattresses situated in Kent. It has a Royal Warrant of Appointment for its products. Travelodge UK feature", "title": "Sleepeezee" }, { "id": "15953892", "text": "King Ernest Baker \"King\" Ernest Baker (May 30, 1939 – March 5, 2000) was an American blues and soul singer. He recorded \"I Feel Alright\" and \"That's When I Woke Up.\" Baker was born in Natchez, Mississippi, and died in a car crash in 2000, just after finishing recording an album. Coming from a large family, he was the 3rd born of 11 children. Ernest was born in Natchez, Mississippi on May 5, 1939. His great-grandfather was an Italian violinist from Milan who lived to be 109. According to Baker, all of his Southern State children (referred to as half-Mulatto", "title": "King Ernest Baker" }, { "id": "16486239", "text": "All the King's Men All the King's Men is a novel by Robert Penn Warren first published in 1946. Its title is drawn from the nursery rhyme Humpty Dumpty. In 1947, Warren won the Pulitzer Prize for \"All the King's Men.\" It was adapted for a film in 1949 and 2006; the 1949 version won the Academy Award for Best Picture. It is rated as the 36th greatest novel of the 20th century by Modern Library, and it was chosen as one of \"Time\" magazine's 100 best novels since 1923. \"All the King's Men\" portrays the dramatic, and theatrical political", "title": "All the King's Men" }, { "id": "5196535", "text": "charts in Canada. However, none of the other three singles from the album reached Top Ten in either country with the exception of \"Big Guitar\" reaching No. 8 in Canada, and \"King of the World\", the final single, fell short of the Top 40. Nonetheless, \"Strong Enough\" earned the group an RIAA gold certification for selling 500,000 copies. \"Love & Gravity\" was the title of BlackHawk's third album, released in 1997. Only two singles were released from this album: the lead-off \"Hole in My Heart\" at No. 31 and \"Postmarked Birmingham\", one of Phil Vassar's first compositions, at No. 37.", "title": "Blackhawk (band)" }, { "id": "11429690", "text": "Top 40 hits on the Hot Country Songs chart. Sweeney and Big Machine parted ways in 2012. In 2013, Sweeney signed a recording contract with the Thirty Tigers record label. Her debut label single entitled \"Bad Girl Phase\" was released in June 2014. Through the fan-sponsored PledgeMusic program, Sweeney issued her third studio record, \"Provoked\", on August 5, 2014. \"My Bed,\" a duet with Will Hoge, was released in early 2015 as the album's second single. Dreamer: A Tribute to Kent Finlay, released in early 2016 on Austin-based Eight 30 Records, features Sweeney and Randy Rogers' duet \"Between You and", "title": "Sunny Sweeney" }, { "id": "11071452", "text": "We the Kings We the Kings is an American rock band from Bradenton, Florida. The band's self-titled full-length debut album, released in 2007, included the platinum single \"Check Yes Juliet\", and went on to sell over 250,000 copies in the US. The group's second album \"Smile Kid\" (2009) included Top 40 singles \"Heaven Can Wait\" and \"We'll Be a Dream\" (featuring Demi Lovato), as well as the single \"She Takes Me High\". The band's third album \"Sunshine State of Mind\" was released in 2011 and featured the MTV Video Music Award winner for Most Innovative Music Video of the Year", "title": "We the Kings" }, { "id": "15792792", "text": "play on which this film is based, \"The Queen's Husband\" by Robert E. Sherwood, was performed at the Playhouse Theatre in New York City from January through May 1928. It was produced by William A. Brady and Dwight Deere Wiman and directed by John Cromwell. It starred Roland Young as King Eric, Gladys Hanson as The Queen, Katherine Alexander as Princess Anne, and Gyles Isham as Freddie Granton. The Royal Bed The Royal Bed is a 1931 American pre-Code satirical comedy film produced by William LeBaron and distributed through RKO. The film was directed by and starred Lowell Sherman, along", "title": "The Royal Bed" }, { "id": "1811550", "text": "On March 26, 2015, Koch Media released the whole series on Blu-ray in HD. The complete box set is distributed for Region B/2. The King of Queens The King of Queens is an American sitcom that originally ran on CBS from September 21, 1998, to May 14, 2007, for a total of nine seasons and 207 episodes. The series was created by Michael J. Weithorn and David Litt, who also served as the show's executive producer. The series stars Kevin James and Leah Remini as Doug and Carrie Heffernan, respectively, a working class couple living in Rego Park, Queens, New", "title": "The King of Queens" }, { "id": "17424368", "text": "Film Festival, on June 4, 2013. It made its DVD premiere in Germany on May 20, 2013 and in France on June 19, 2013. In the United States, a limited screening was scheduled on July 19, 2013. The film has received mixed reviews from critics and currently has a score of 40%. Under the Bed (2012 film) Under the Bed is a 2012 American horror film directed by Steven C. Miller and starring Jonny Weston, Gattlin Griffith, Peter Holden, and Musetta Vander. Neal has been living with his aunt following the death of his mother, and it is implied that", "title": "Under the Bed (2012 film)" }, { "id": "4627701", "text": "P$C's debut studio album, \"25 to Life\". The album, which was preceded by several self-released mixtapes by P$C, peaked at number 10 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart. The album was supported by the lead single \"I'm a King\", which was also included on the soundtrack to the film \"Hustle & Flow\", a collection also released by T.I.'s label imprint Grand Hustle, under the aegis of Atlantic Records. T.I.'s fourth album, \"King\", debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the first half of 2006, selling 522,000 copies in its first week. T.I. released \"Front Back\" and \"Ride", "title": "T.I." }, { "id": "4976566", "text": "budget, but only grossed $2,137,685 on its opening weekend and ranked at #10 at the box office. It was released in 1,508 theaters and had $1,417 average. The film eventually closed on June 2, 2005 upon grossing $4,008,527 in the domestic market, and $135,125 in the foreign market for a worldwide total of $4,143,652. Altogether, the film ended up a huge disappointment, commercially. The review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes currently gives the film a score of 2% based on 50 reviews, with an average rating of 2.4/10, and the site's consensus stating, \"Filled with crass dialogue, unlikable characters, and overdone", "title": "King's Ransom (film)" }, { "id": "4349517", "text": "American power pop, the song was a bigger hit in the US than in the UK; it peaked at No. 56 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in October 1979. The group prepared their debut album with producers Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange and Tim Friese-Greene. Huw Gower produced \"The Phone\", which was added to the album in preference to one of Lange's efforts, a cover of Tim Moore's \"Rock 'n' Roll Love Letter\". The debut LP \"Shades in Bed\" yielded another single, \"Teenarama\", their second-best known song. The album was released in the US in July 1979 as \"The Records\" with", "title": "The Records" }, { "id": "3688417", "text": "next to each other add up to wide instead of the width that is standard for an \"eastern king\". Another size variant in the United States is the \"California king\", which measures long (narrower but longer than the standard king). What is referred to as a \"single bed\" in many parts of the world may also be known in US terminology as a \"twin bed.\" In some countries, a \"twin bed\" may also be used to describe one of two single beds in the same room. As another example, in some cultures, the \"full mattress\" is referred to as a", "title": "Bed" }, { "id": "10688146", "text": "row. The single has also debuted on BET's \"106 & Park\" countdown at number 9 on Tuesday July 31, 2007. On Wednesday, August 15, 2007, \"Bed\" hit number one on its 11th day on the countdown. This song was #70 on \"Rolling Stone\"s list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007. The video for \"Bed\" was ranked the #11 video of 2007 on . The song also appears on the episode of \"Stay fierce, Malik\" January 23, 2009 on \"The Game\". On August 17, 2007, Holiday gave his first televised performance of the song on BET's \"106 & Park\". \"Bed\"", "title": "Bed (J. Holiday song)" }, { "id": "7148877", "text": "Whose Bed Have Your Boots Been Under? \"Whose Bed Have Your Boots Been Under?\" is a song by Canadian singer Shania Twain. It was released in January 1995 as the first single released from her album \"The Woman in Me\". The song was the first single that Twain co-wrote with her then-husband Mutt Lange. The song became Twain's first hit at country radio, peaking at number 11. It was released to radio on January 2, 1995. Radio stations began putting the song into high rotation after they noticed high amounts of the album selling. In August 1995, the single was", "title": "Whose Bed Have Your Boots Been Under?" }, { "id": "15792788", "text": "that United Artists would handle the distribution of the French version of the film, in French-speaking countries. Using an all-French cast, that version was scheduled for release on November 30. The complete cast for the French version, being shot at the RKO lot in Hollywood, was announced at the beginning of November. On October 21 the final cast was announced, as well as J. Walter Ruben as the writer in charge of the screenplay adaptation, and Arthur Roberts signed on as the editor. The film was already in production by this time at RKO's studio in Hollywood. In November 1930", "title": "The Royal Bed" }, { "id": "3419310", "text": "support, and long-term stability. Some of these have been developed by Duncan Bain, working on behalf of the UK's Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Other parameters, such as firmness, are more specific to the sleeper. In general, firm mattresses are recommended for stomach and some back sleepers, soft mattresses are recommended for side sleepers, and medium mattresses are recommended for the majority of back sleepers. Double mattresses are available with a softer and a firmer part, or with adjustable firmness levels, to accommodate sleepers with different preferences who share a bed. In 2003, a randomized-controlled trial found that medium-firm", "title": "Mattress" }, { "id": "11591887", "text": "twice) from the Country Music Association and would also win American Music Awards and two Grammy awards. Compiled from liner notes. Musicians Technical Album – \"Billboard\" (North America) Singles – \"Billboard\" (North America) Moods (Barbara Mandrell album) Moods is a studio album by American country music singer, Barbara Mandrell, released in September 1978. \"Moods\" became Mandrell's most successful album during her career up to this point. The album spawned two singles, both of which became #1 country hits, \"Sleeping Single in a Double Bed\" and a remake of the popular Luther Ingram R&B hit, \"(If Loving You Is Wrong) I", "title": "Moods (Barbara Mandrell album)" }, { "id": "18520357", "text": "released as the album's fourth single on 27 February 2015. The song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart, with a combined sales-streaming figure of 101,000 copies, and reached number three on the Irish Singles Chart. Alexander has stated many times that the hit song has a much darker meaning “I was going out with a guy that was kind of a douche bag, but I still really liked him,” explains Olly. “I know lots of people can related to this. It’s a song about how it feels good to be treated badly by someone.” \"King\" received very", "title": "King (song)" }, { "id": "4375610", "text": "Johnny Duncan (country singer) Johnny Richard Duncan (October 5, 1938 – August 14, 2006) was an American country singer, best known for a string of hits in the mid- to late 1970s. In his career, he released 14 studio albums, including thirteen on Columbia Records. These albums produced more than 30 chart singles, with three of those reaching number one: \"Thinkin' of a Rendezvous\", \"It Couldn't Have Been Any Better\", and \"She Can Put Her Shoes Under my Bed (Anytime)\" from 1976, 1977, and 1978, respectively. Seven more of his singles were top-10 hits. Duncan was born in Dublin, Texas.", "title": "Johnny Duncan (country singer)" }, { "id": "6623910", "text": "\"Vivid\" and \"Late at Night\" featured three B-sides between them, namely \"Radiation\" (an instrumental co-written with Baker), \"King for a Day\" and \"Warning Sign\", all of which appeared on the \"Deluxe\" edition next to promo versions and previously released remixes. Russian mystic Grigori Rasputin is featured on the cover. All songs written by Marr/Sumner, except where noted. Twisted Tenderness Twisted Tenderness is the third and final studio album by British supergroup Electronic, released in April 1999 by Parlophone in the UK and eighteen months later by Koch Records in the USA in 2000. It was re-released in 2001 as \"Twisted", "title": "Twisted Tenderness" }, { "id": "17031415", "text": "with Cole Walowac, and soon he became the unannounced new replacement for White after the release of their single \"I Can't Quit\" featuring Reconcile. \"Love Is On Our Side\" was released on June 2, 2017. The single, \"Don't Wanna Wake Up\", was released on August 4, 2017. \"All Good\" featuring Hollyn was a single released on September 1, 2017. \"Rip It Up\" featuring Aaron Cole was a single released on October 6, 2017. Capital Kings has received mainly positive reception since the release of their debut album. The Houston Chronicle noted that while there has been little success for crossover", "title": "Capital Kings" }, { "id": "7636021", "text": "Breakfast in Bed \"Breakfast in Bed\" is a soul–R&B song written by Muscle Shoals songwriters Eddie Hinton and Donnie Fritts for Dusty Springfield. It takes a knowing spin on the line \"You Don't Have to Say You Love Me\", the title of a song which had previously been a number one hit for her in the UK. After being released on her 1969 album \"Dusty in Memphis\", it was later in the year recorded and popularized by Baby Washington on Cotillion. Harry J produced three reggae versions in 1972: Lorna Bennett; Scotty; Bongo Herman (see list below). Springfield's version was", "title": "Breakfast in Bed" }, { "id": "12201406", "text": "to receiving nominations for Record of the Year and Song of the Year. The RedZone team suddenly found themselves in great demand. Stewart, Nash, and Harrell finished out the year working with such notable artists as Janet Jackson (\"Greatest X\" off \"Discipline\"), Jesse McCartney (\"Leavin'\" off the record \"Departure\"), Celine Dion (\"Skies of L.A.\" off her new album \"Taking Chances\"), and Usher (\"Moving Mountains\" and \"This Ain't Sex\" of his new album \"Here I Stand\"). 2007 saw another successful release for RedZone with the single \"Bed (song)\". The song was released June 19, 2007, it written by Terius Nash (\"The-Dream)", "title": "RedZone Entertainment" }, { "id": "15238728", "text": "debuted at number eighty-six on the Canadian Hot 100, despite not being released until February 22, 2011, thus becoming the first release from \"Love?\" to receive airplay recognition. Neither the album's Epic Records buzz single (\"Fresh Out the Oven\", which also features Pitbull), nor the previous lead single \"Louboutins\" charted on US \"Billboard\" Charts. In the chart week dated April 16, 2011, \"On the Floor\" became Lopez's fourth Canadian chart-topper, and highest charting single in nine years following \"If You Had My Love\" (1999), \"Love Don't Cost a Thing\" (2001) and \"Jenny from the Block\" (2002). In the United States,", "title": "On the Floor" }, { "id": "1340290", "text": "the group went on tour in support of the year’s Bob Marley ’Legend’ compilation album release. He received The George and Ira Gershwin Award from UCLA during UCLA Spring Sing on May 19, 2017. Later in 1984, Ziggy Marley got back into the studio with his siblings and English producer Steve Levine for what became the single, \"Lying in Bed.\" The following year, they released their debut LP, Play the Game Right. The album was produced by their mother, Rita Marley, and featured Aston and Carlton Barrett on bass and drums, respectively, who were originally the rhythm section for Bob", "title": "Ziggy Marley" }, { "id": "7222236", "text": "product was formally introduced in September 1997, but maintained the more conventional double cheeseburger format. The product was renamed King Supreme in 2001 when it was slightly reformulated as part of a menu restructuring during a period of corporate decline. A later restructuring eliminated the King Supreme in favor of its new BK Stacker line of sandwiches. When the Stacker line was discontinued in the United States shortly after, the Big King returned in November 2013 as a permanent product. Despite being off the menu in the United States for several years, the product was still sold in several other", "title": "Big King" }, { "id": "20352708", "text": "of \"Star Trek\", and he would offer you a blueberry.\" \"Context Is for Kings\" was made available on CBS All Access on October 1, 2017. In Canada, it was broadcast on the specialty channels Space (English) and Z (French), before being streamed on CraveTV. In 188 other countries, the episode was released on Netflix within 24 hours of its U.S. debut. The release of the episode led to a record week of subscriptions to All Access, besting the previous record week established by the series' premiere the week before. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported an 89% approval rating", "title": "Context Is for Kings" }, { "id": "10911557", "text": "Debuted on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in the issue week of July 4, 2007, at number 89 and has peaked at number 5. It was number 1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs for five weeks in a row. The single has also debuted on BET's 106 & Park countdown at number 9 on Tuesday July 31, 2007. On Wednesday, August 15, 2007, \"Bed\" hit number one on its 11th day on the countdown. J. Holiday also performed \"Bed\" on 106 & Park on August 17, 2007. \"Bed\" was also performed on \"Showtime at the Apollo\" along with the single", "title": "J. Holiday" }, { "id": "390073", "text": "Lange and Twain either wrote or co-wrote the songs that would form her second studio album, \"The Woman in Me\". \"The Woman in Me\" was released on February 7, 1995. The album's first single, \"Whose Bed Have Your Boots Been Under?\" went to No. 11 on the \"Billboard\" Country Chart. This was followed by her first Country Top 10 and No.1 hit single, \"Any Man of Mine\", which also cracked the Top 40 on the Billboard Hot 100. Twain had further hits from the album, including the title track which peaked at No.14 and three additional No.1 hits: \"(If You're", "title": "Shania Twain" }, { "id": "3418061", "text": "Shirley\". Note: On CBS, Nurse aired at 9-10 p.m. and Knots Landing at 10-11 p.m., both in September and October. On ABC, Bosom Buddies aired at 9-9:30 p.m. in October. Note: On ABC, \"Maggie\" was replaced by Open All Night, effective November 28; King's Crossing, which was supposed to have aired 8-9 p.m., was delayed until February, 1982, as an indirect result of the Writers Guild of America strike. 1981–82 United States network television schedule This was the television schedule on all three commercial broadcast television networks in the United States for the fall season beginning in September 1981. All", "title": "1981–82 United States network television schedule" }, { "id": "7432976", "text": "place among U.S. mattress manufacturers, with a 15.7 percent market share. In 2012, Simmons and its sister company Serta International were acquired by American private equity company Advent International. In 1870, Zalmon G. Simmons opened his first factory in Kenosha, Wisconsin. He started out by manufacturing wooden telegraph insulators and cheese boxes. He branched into making bedsprings after receiving a patent for a woven-wire bedspring in payment of a debt. In 1876, Simmons became the first manufacturer to mass-produce woven wire mattresses. This process helped the company produce beds faster and cheaper, and by 1889, with the introduction of spiral", "title": "Simmons Bedding Company" }, { "id": "19510268", "text": "20 series \"Dancing with the Stars\" and \"The Voice\". The series also performs well in the much-coveted 18-49 demographic, ranking as the fifth-highest rated program on CBS in that category. The Complete First Season was released on DVD on September 5, 2017, by Sony Pictures Television. Kevin Can Wait Kevin Can Wait is an American sitcom television series starring Kevin James. The series premiered on September 19, 2016. The series marked James' second starring role in a CBS sitcom, after \"The King of Queens\", which ran from 1998 until 2007. On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a", "title": "Kevin Can Wait" }, { "id": "16799397", "text": "and would be the band's final UK Top 40 hit. The single fared better in America where it peaked at #8 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and also peaked at #13 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. The B-side, \"Rollunder\", was exclusive to this single with two versions; a shorter 7\" version and an extended version. It is a variation of the band's song \"Roll Over\", which was planned for release as a single earlier in 1985 but withdrawn from sale at the last moment. A promotional music video was made for the single that was directed by Meiert", "title": "King for a Day (Thompson Twins song)" }, { "id": "14059612", "text": "before production. Lester offered this to United Artists as a replacement. It was filmed between May and July 1968, mainly in and around Chobham Common. When the executives at United Artists saw the film, they hated it, and it was shelved for a year, only getting its first release at the Berlin International Film Festival in 1969. It wasn't released in the UK until March 1970. \"The Bed Sitting Room\" would be the last film released by United Artists' foreign film arm Lopert Pictures Corporation, which folded in 1970. The absurdity of the film extends even to the settings. One", "title": "The Bed Sitting Room (film)" }, { "id": "8825019", "text": "Bed frame A bed frame or bedstead is the part of a bed used to position the mattress and base (foundation), and may include means of supporting a canopy above. Bed frames are typically made of wood or metal. A bed frame includes head, foot, and side rails. It may also include slats to support the mattress, in which case a separate base is not necessary, as in a platform bed. Most double (full) sized beds, along with all queen and king size beds, require some type of center support rail, typically also with extra feet extending down to the", "title": "Bed frame" }, { "id": "14205698", "text": "label Radio Killa Records and distributed by Def Jam Recordings. The album debuted at number four on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart and sold 58,000 copies in its first week. It also entered at number three on \"Billboard\"s R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and at number seven on the Digital Albums chart. In its second week, the album fell to number 12 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and sold 23,000 copies. It moved to number 30 on the chart and sold 11,600 copies in its third week. The album did not chart outside the United States. \"Love King\" received generally positive reviews from music critics.", "title": "Love King" }, { "id": "7222235", "text": "Big King The Big King sandwich was one of the major hamburger products sold by the international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King, and was part of its menu for more than twenty years. As of October, 2017, it is not offered for sale in the United States. During its testing phase in 1996–1997, it was originally called the Double Supreme and was configured similarly to the McDonald's Big Mac—including a three piece roll. It was later reformulated as a more standard double burger during the latter part of product testing in 1997. It was given its current name when the", "title": "Big King" } ]	when did the king size bed come out
[ "the Virginia Company of London" ]	[ { "id": "822224", "text": "Jamestown, Virginia The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the east bank of the Powhatan (James) River about southwest of the center of modern Williamsburg. William Kelso writes that Jamestown \"is where the British Empire began\". It was established by the Virginia Company of London as \"James Fort\" on May 4, 1607 O.S.;(May 14, 1607 N.S.), and was considered permanent after brief abandonment in 1610. It followed several failed attempts, including the Lost Colony of Roanoke, established in 1585 on Roanoke Island. Jamestown served as the", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "822278", "text": "events in American history: the first meeting of the Virginia House of Burgesses, the arrival of the first Africans to English North America, and the first Thanksgiving. Attribution: Jamestown, Virginia The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the east bank of the Powhatan (James) River about southwest of the center of modern Williamsburg. William Kelso writes that Jamestown \"is where the British Empire began\". It was established by the Virginia Company of London as \"James Fort\" on May 4, 1607 O.S.;(May 14, 1607 N.S.), and was", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "1569614", "text": "numerous linguistically related tribes in the eastern part of Virginia. The Powhatan Confederacy controlled a territory known as Tsenacommacah, which roughly corresponded with the Tidewater region of Virginia. It was in this territory that the English established Jamestown. At the time of the English arrival, the Powhatan were led by the paramount chief Wahunsenacawh. On May 31, 1607, about 100 men and boys left England for what is now Maine. Approximately three months later, the group landed on a wooded peninsula where the Kennebec River meets the Atlantic Ocean and began building Fort St. George. By the end of the", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "1569598", "text": "Colony of Virginia The Colony of Virginia, chartered in 1606 and settled in 1607, was the first enduring English colony in North America, following failed proprietary attempts at settlement on Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey Gilbert in 1583, and the subsequent further south Roanoke Island (modern eastern North Carolina) by Sir Walter Raleigh in the late 1580s. The founder of the new colony was the Virginia Company, with the first two settlements in Jamestown on the north bank of the James River and Popham Colony on the Kennebec River in modern-day Maine, both in 1607. The Popham colony quickly failed due", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "5459304", "text": "called the \"First Landing.\" Under orders from London to seek a more inland location safe from Spanish raids, they explored the Hampton Roads area and sailed up the newly christened James River to the Fall Line at what would later become the cities of Richmond and Manchester. After weeks of exploration, the colonists selected a location and founded Jamestown on May 14, 1607. It was named in honor of King James I (as was the river). However, while the location at Jamestown Island was favorable for defense against foreign ships, the low and marshy terrain was harsh and inhospitable for", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "444086", "text": "Colony's boundaries. The London Company was incorporated as a joint stock company by the proprietary Charter of 1606, which granted land rights to this area. The company financed the first permanent English settlement in the \"New World\", Jamestown. Named for King James I, it was founded in May 1607 by Christopher Newport. In 1619, colonists took greater control with an elected legislature called the House of Burgesses. With the bankruptcy of the London Company in 1624, the settlement was taken into royal authority as an English crown colony. Life in the colony was perilous, and many died during the Starving", "title": "Virginia" }, { "id": "12567121", "text": "Jamestowne Society Jamestowne Society is an organization founded in 1936 by George Craghead Gregory for descendants of stockholders in the Virginia Company of London and the descendants of those who owned land or who had domiciles in Jamestown or on Jamestown Island prior to the year 1700. In May 1607, Jamestown was established as the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States, following several earlier failed attempts. It was founded by the London branch of the Virginia Company, which was competing with the Plymouth branch to settle the Colony of Virginia. Jamestown was the capital of", "title": "Jamestowne Society" }, { "id": "822251", "text": "Virginia Indian employee. There was not enough time to spread the word to the outposts. Of the 6,000 people who came to the settlement between 1608 and 1624, only 3,400 survived. In 1624, King James revoked the Virginia Company's charter, and Virginia became a royal colony. Despite the setbacks, the colony continued to grow. Ten years later, in 1634, by order of King Charles I, the colony was divided into the original eight shires of Virginia (or counties), in a fashion similar to that practiced in England. Jamestown was now located in James City Shire, soon renamed the \"County of", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "822229", "text": "agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Spain, Portugal, and France moved quickly to establish a presence in the New World, while other European countries moved more slowly. The English did not attempt to found colonies until many decades after the explorations of John Cabot, and early efforts were failures—most notably the Roanoke Colony which vanished about 1590. Late in 1606, English colonizers set sail with a charter from the London Company to establish a colony in the New World. The fleet consisted of the ships \"Susan Constant\", \"Discovery\", and \"Godspeed\", all under the leadership of Captain Christopher Newport. They made", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "822234", "text": "the future United States on June 21, 1607. In a few months, 80% of the party were dead; some of the survivors were deserting to the Indians whose land they had colonized. Virginia Native Americans had established settlements long before the English settlers arrived, and there were an estimated 14,000 in the region who were politically known as Tsenacommacah and who spoke an Algonquian language. They were the Powhatan Confederacy, ruled by their paramount chief known as Wahunsenacawh or \"Chief Powhatan\". Wahunsenacawh initially sought to resettle the English colonists from Jamestown, considered part of Paspahegh territory, to another location known", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "1611861", "text": "traveling in New England to drum up trade for the celebration. Henry St. George Tucker, a former Virginia Congressman, succeeded him. The Norfolk businessman David Lowenberg ran most of the operation as director general. Opening day was April 26, 1907, exactly 300 years after Admiral Christopher Newport and his band of English colonists made their first landing in Virginia at the point where the southern shore of the Chesapeake Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean. They recorded giving thanks, planting a cross and naming the location Cape Henry. Within the next few weeks, they found and explored the harbor now known", "title": "Jamestown Exposition" }, { "id": "13257817", "text": "105 died during the journey) arrived at their chosen settlement spot in Virginia. There were no women on the first ships. Arriving at the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay in late April, they named the Virginia capes after the sons of their king, the southern Cape Henry, for Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, and the northern Cape Charles, for his younger brother, Charles, Duke of York. On April 26, 1607, upon landing at Cape Henry, Chaplain Robert Hunt offered a prayer, and they set up a cross near the site of the current Cape Henry Memorial. This site came to", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "14063473", "text": "French settled at a site in the Baie Francis (present day Bay of Fundy), at the mouth of the Saint Croix River which separates present day New Brunswick and Maine, on a small island named Saint Croix. Jamestown was the first successful English settlement on the mainland of North America. Named for King James I of England, Jamestown was founded in the Virginia Colony on May 14, 1607 Arriving in August 1607, these British Plymouth Company colonists established their settlement, known as the Popham Colony, in the present-day town of Phippsburg, Maine near the mouth of the Kennebec River. The", "title": "Territorial evolution of North America prior to 1763" }, { "id": "2698511", "text": "occasionally as the Dominion and Colony of Virginia) was an English colony in North America which existed briefly during the 16th century, and then continuously from 1607 until the American Revolution (as a British colony after 1707). The name Virginia was first applied by Sir Walter Raleigh and Queen Elizabeth I in 1584. Jamestown was the first town created by the Virginia colony. After the English Civil War in the mid 17th century, the Virginia Colony was nicknamed \"The Old Dominion\" by King Charles II for its perceived loyalty to the English monarchy during the era of the Commonwealth of", "title": "Southern Colonies" }, { "id": "1970836", "text": "diary has been widely used by scholars, and covers his travels from Maryland to Maine. Biographer Elaine Breslaw says that he encountered: The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay. The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Indians, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco as a cash crop. By the late 17th century, Virginia's export economy was largely", "title": "Colonial history of the United States" }, { "id": "2233078", "text": "first European settlement in the interior of North America. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established in 1607 at Jamestown. The first continuously occupied settlement was at Kecoughtan in Elizabeth City County what is now the City of Hampton. Nearby, Fort Monroe, the country's oldest military base still in use is located at Old Point Comfort. Old Point Comfort is also the site of the first landing of Africans in America, in 1619. After declaring independence from Great Britain, Virginia's first state capital was Williamsburg. Also, the decisive battle of the American Revolution, the siege of Yorktown", "title": "Virginia Peninsula" }, { "id": "13257882", "text": "was of course, the new College of William and Mary with its fine new brick building. Other advocates of the move included the Reverend Dr. James Blair and the Governor, Sir Francis Nicholson. The proposal to move the capital of Virginia to higher ground (about 12 miles (20 km) away) at Middle Plantation was received favorably by the House of Burgesses. In 1699, the capital of the Virginia Colony was officially relocated there. Soon, the town was renamed Williamsburg, in honor of King William III. Thus, the first phase of Jamestown's history ended. By the 1750s the land was owned", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "822259", "text": "original 1607 fort, which had been protected by the sea wall, were not discovered until 1996. In 1932, George Craghead Gregory of Richmond was credited with discovering the foundation of the first brick statehouse (capitol) building, circa 1646, at Jamestown on the land owned by Preservation Virginia. Around 1936, Gregory, who was active with the Virginia Historical Society, founded the Jamestowne Society for descendants of stockholders in the Virginia Company of London and the descendants of those who owned land or who had domiciles in Jamestown or on Jamestown Island prior to 1700. Colonial National Monument was authorized by the", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "9543464", "text": "group of three ships (\"The Susan Constant, The Godspeed and The Discovery), \"led by Captain Christopher Newport, landed at Cape Henry. This group of 104 men and boys would move inland and establish the first permanent English settlement at Jamestown. The Spanish sailed past the Chesapeake bay and landed in Chincoteague (Virginia) in 1524. Spanish explorers also mapped the Cape Henry coast. The English soon followed with an exploration party under the auspices of Sir Walter Raleigh. His men explored the area between Cape Henry and Cape Lookout in July and August 1584. The first English colony was established by", "title": "History of Virginia Beach, Virginia" }, { "id": "1569599", "text": "to a famine, disease, and conflict with local Native American tribes in the first two years. Jamestown occupied land belonging to the Powhatan Confederacy, and was also at the brink of failure before the arrival of a new group of settlers and supplies by ship in 1610. Tobacco became Virginia's first profitable export, the production of which had a significant impact on the society and settlement patterns. In 1624, the Virginia Company's charter was revoked by King James I, and the Virginia colony was transferred to royal authority as a crown colony. After the English Civil War in the 1640s", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "822227", "text": "indentured servants, but they became slaves as time went on. The modern conception of slavery in the United States was formalized in 1640 (the John Punch hearing) and was fully entrenched in Virginia by 1660. The London Company's second settlement in Bermuda claims to be the site of the oldest \"town\" in the English New World, as St. George's, Bermuda was officially established in 1612 as New London, whereas James Fort in Virginia was not converted into James Towne until 1619, and further did not survive to the present day. In 1676, Jamestown was deliberately burned during Bacon's Rebellion, though", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "5459264", "text": "History of Virginia The History of Virginia begins with documentation by the first Spanish explorers to reach the area in the 1500s, when it was occupied chiefly by Algonquian, Iroquoian, and Siouan peoples. After a failed English attempt to colonize Virginia in the 1580s by Walter Raleigh, permanent English colonization began in Virginia with Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. The Virginia Company colony was looking for gold but failed and the colonists could barely feed themselves. The famine during the harsh winter of 1609 forced the colonists to eat leather from their clothes and boots and resort to cannibalism. The colony", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "5459426", "text": "History of Virginia The History of Virginia begins with documentation by the first Spanish explorers to reach the area in the 1500s, when it was occupied chiefly by Algonquian, Iroquoian, and Siouan peoples. After a failed English attempt to colonize Virginia in the 1580s by Walter Raleigh, permanent English colonization began in Virginia with Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. The Virginia Company colony was looking for gold but failed and the colonists could barely feed themselves. The famine during the harsh winter of 1609 forced the colonists to eat leather from their clothes and boots and resort to cannibalism. The colony", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "13257815", "text": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99) Jamestown was the first settlement of the Virginia Colony, founded in 1607, and served as capital of Virginia until 1690, when the seat of government was moved to Williamsburg. This article covers the history of the fort and town at Jamestown proper, as well as colony-wide trends resulting from and affecting the town during the time period in which it was capital. The London Company sent an expedition to establish a settlement in the Virginia Colony in December 1606. The expedition consisted of three ships, \"Susan Constant\" (sometimes known as \"Sarah Constant\"), \"Godspeed\", and \"Discovery\".", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "822225", "text": "capital of the colony of Virginia for 83 years, from 1616 until 1699. The settlement was located within the country of Tsenacommacah, which was ruled by the Powhatan Confederacy, and specifically in that of the Paspahegh tribe. The natives initially welcomed and provided crucial provisions and support for the colonists, who were not agriculturally inclined. Relations soured fairly early on, however, leading to the total annihilation of the Paspahegh in warfare within three years. Mortality was very high at Jamestown itself due to disease and starvation, with over 80 percent of the colonists perishing in 1609–10 in what became known", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "9351734", "text": "Virginia along with his teenage son John on 26 April 1607, when what came to be called the \"First Landing\" occurred at the place where south edge of the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay meets then Atlantic Ocean, a location the colonists named Cape Henry. He was named to the Council to oversee the new colony by the Virginia Company in an order that was held in a sealed box which was only to be opened in Virginia. After finding a location to build their settlement which met the requirements set forth in their sealed orders, they founded Jamestown on", "title": "John Martin (Jamestown)" }, { "id": "822230", "text": "a particularly long voyage of four months, including a stop in the Canary Islands and subsequently Puerto Rico, and finally departed for the American mainland on April 10, 1607. The expedition made landfall on April 26, 1607 at a place which they named Cape Henry. Under orders to select a more secure location, they set about exploring what is now Hampton Roads and an outlet to the Chesapeake Bay which they named the James River in honor of King James I of England. Captain Edward Maria Wingfield was elected president of the governing council on April 25, 1607. On May", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "1611855", "text": "Jamestown Exposition The Jamestown Exposition was one of the many world's fairs and expositions that were popular in the United States in the early part of the 20th century. Commemorating the 300th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown in the Virginia Colony, it was held from April 26 to December 1, 1907, at Sewell's Point on Hampton Roads, in Norfolk, Virginia. It celebrated the first permanent English settlement in the present United States. In 1975 the 20 remaining exposition buildings were included on the National Register of Historic Places as a national historic district. Early in the 20th century, as", "title": "Jamestown Exposition" }, { "id": "13257819", "text": "to seek an inland site for their settlement, which would afford protection from enemy ships. Obedient to their orders, the settlers and crewmembers re-boarded their three ships and proceeded into the Chesapeake Bay. They landed again at what is now called Old Point Comfort in the City of Hampton. In the following days, seeking a suitable location for their settlement, the ships ventured upstream along the James River. Both the James River and the settlement they sought to establish, Jamestown (originally called \"James His Towne\") were named in honor of King James I. On May 14, 1607, the colonists chose", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "911472", "text": "from the Bay which became the site of fortifications during the following 200 years. Slightly south, near the entrance to Hampton River, the colonists seized the Native American community of Kecoughtan under Virginia's Governor, Sir Thomas Gates. The colonists established their own small town, with a small Anglican church (known now as St. John's Episcopal Church), on July 9, 1610. This came to be known as part of Hampton. (With Jamestown having been abandoned in 1699, Hampton claims to be the oldest continuously occupied English settlement in the United States). Hampton was named for Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton,", "title": "Hampton, Virginia" }, { "id": "7420425", "text": "by the American Chemical Society. It is adjacent and complementary with Jamestown Settlement, a living history museum built run by the Commonwealth of Virginia to interpret the early colony. Jamestown, first established in the Virginia Colony at Jamestown, on May 13, 1607, was the site of the first permanent English settlement in North America. Upon arrival, the hundred-some colonists set about constructing a fort to protect themselves from the nearby Virginia Indian tribes and from a potential attack from the Spanish settlements in Florida. Between 1609 and 1610, lack of local food and replenishment of supplies from England, and inability", "title": "Historic Jamestowne" }, { "id": "5459320", "text": "the balance of power, and had established control between the York and Blackwater Rivers. In 1624, the Virginia Company's charter was revoked and the colony transferred to royal authority as a crown colony, but the elected representatives in Jamestown continued to exercise a fair amount of power. Under royal authority, the colony began to expand to the North and West with additional settlements. In 1634, a new system of local government was created in the Virginia Colony by order of the King of England. Eight shires were designated, each with its own local officers; these shires were renamed as counties", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "822245", "text": "after Jamestown's founding, the organizers and shareholders of the Virginia Company were desperate to increase the efficiency and profitability of the struggling colony. Without stockholder consent the Governor, Sir Thomas Dale, assigned plots to its \"ancient planters\" and smaller plots to the settlement's later arrivals. Measurable economic progress was made, and the settlers began expanding their planting to land belonging to local native tribes. That this turnaround coincided with the end of a drought that had begun the year before the English settlers' arrival probably indicates multiple factors were involved besides the colonists' ineptitude. Among the colonists who survived the", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "2610305", "text": "Popham Colony The Popham Colony—also known as the Sagadahoc Colony—was a short-lived English colonial settlement in North America that was founded in 1607 and located in the present-day town of Phippsburg, Maine, near the mouth of the Kennebec River by the proprietary Virginia Company of Plymouth. It was founded a few months after its more successful rival, the colony at Jamestown, which was established on May 4, 1607, by the Virginia Company of London in present-day James City County, Virginia. The Popham Colony was the first colony in the region that would eventually become known as New England, coming five", "title": "Popham Colony" }, { "id": "13257851", "text": "Virginian general George Washington called upon the people of Bermuda for aid during the American War of Independence). In 1613, Sir Thomas Dale founded the settlement of Bermuda Hundred on the James River, which, a year later, became the first incorporated town in Virginia. By 1611, a majority of the colonists who had arrived at the Jamestown settlement had died and its economic value was negligible with no active exports to England and very little internal economic activity. Only financial incentives including a promise of more land to the west from King James I to investors financing the new colony", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "11801150", "text": "History of Williamsburg, Virginia Williamsburg, Virginia, has had a long history dating to the 17th century. The city was first named Middle Prior to the arrival of the English colonists at Jamestown in the Colony of Virginia in 1607, the area which became Williamsburg was largely wooded. It was well within the territory of the Native American group known as the Powhatan Confederacy. In the early colonial period, the navigable rivers were the equivalent of modern highways. For ease of travel, and security from conflicts with the Native Americans, early colonial settlements were established close by the rivers. By the", "title": "History of Williamsburg, Virginia" }, { "id": "3902061", "text": "by Jamestown Rediscovery has led to significant archaeological discoveries of the early colonial settler period. Jamestown Island Jamestown Island is a island in the James River in Virginia, part of James City County. It is located off Glasshouse Point, to which it is connected via a causeway to the Colonial Parkway. Much of the island is wetland, including both swamp and marsh. Prior to English settlement, the nearby area was home to the Paspahegh people, or Virginia Algonquians. In May 1607, the island (then a peninsula) became site of James Fort, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. The", "title": "Jamestown Island" }, { "id": "3902059", "text": "Jamestown Island Jamestown Island is a island in the James River in Virginia, part of James City County. It is located off Glasshouse Point, to which it is connected via a causeway to the Colonial Parkway. Much of the island is wetland, including both swamp and marsh. Prior to English settlement, the nearby area was home to the Paspahegh people, or Virginia Algonquians. In May 1607, the island (then a peninsula) became site of James Fort, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. The chief of the Powatan at that time, also named Powhatan, was father of Pocahontas. After", "title": "Jamestown Island" }, { "id": "822405", "text": "Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement is a living history museum operated by the Commonwealth of Virginia, created in 1957 as Jamestown Festival Park for the 350th anniversary celebration. Today it includes a recreation of the original James Fort (c. 1607 to 1614), a Powhatan Indian Village, indoor and outdoor displays, and replicas of the original settlers' ships the \"Susan Constant\", \"Godspeed\", and \"Discovery\". It is located adjacent to the Colonial National Historical Park site, which includes Jamestown, the first successful English settlement on the mainland of North America, founded on May 14, 1607. It is also adjacent and complementary to Historic", "title": "Jamestown Settlement" }, { "id": "822265", "text": "350th anniversary in 1957, Jamestown Settlement is operated by the Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation, and largely sponsored by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The museum complex features a reconstruction of a Powhatan village, the James Fort as it was –1614, and seagoing replicas of the three ships that brought the first settlers, \"Susan Constant\", \"Godspeed\", \"Discovery\". With the national independence of the United States established by the end of the 18th century, Jamestown came to be looked at as a starting point. Its founding in 1607 has been regularly commemorated, with the most notable events being held every fifty years. The bicentennial of", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "1569601", "text": "in 1775, before the Declaration of Independence was officially adopted, the Virginia colony became the Commonwealth of Virginia, one of the original thirteen states of the United States, adopting as its official slogan \"The Old Dominion\". The entire modern states of West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois, and portions of Ohio and Western Pennsylvania were later created from the territory encompassed, or claimed by, the colony of Virginia at the time of further American independence in July 1776. The name \"Virginia\" is the oldest designation for English claims in North America. In 1584, Sir Walter Raleigh sent Philip Amadas and", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "5459307", "text": "and continuing into the spring and early summer, no more ships arrived. The colonists faced what became known as the \"starving time\". When the new governor Sir Thomas Gates, finally arrived at Jamestown on May 23, 1610, along with other survivors of the wreck of the Sea Venture that resulted in Bermuda being added to the territory of Virginia, he discovered over 80% of the 500 colonists had died; many of the survivors were sick. Back in England, the Virginia Company was reorganized under its Second Charter, ratified on May 23, 1609, which gave most leadership authority of the colony", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "12567122", "text": "the Colony for 83 years, from 1616 until 1698. At that time, the capital was relocated to Middle Plantation, about distant. (That small community, which had also become home to the new College of William and Mary in 1693, was renamed Williamsburg in 1699). George Craghead Gregory (1878-1956) was an attorney and businessman based in Richmond who had a strong interest in Virginia's history and was also an author and historian. In 1932, he was working at property owned by Preservation Virginia (formerly known as the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities) on Jamestown Island and discovered the foundation", "title": "Jamestowne Society" }, { "id": "1569625", "text": "of tobacco had been successfully cultivated and exported, establishing a first cash crop for export. Plantations and new outposts sprung up, initially both upriver and downriver along the navigable portion of the James, and thereafter along the other rivers and waterways of the area. The settlement at Jamestown could finally be considered permanently established. A period of peace followed the marriage in 1614 of colonist John Rolfe to Pocahontas, the daughter of Algonquian chief Powhatan. The relations with the Natives took a turn for the worse after the death of Pocahontas in England and the return of John Rolfe and", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "822260", "text": "U.S. Congress on July 3, 1930 and established on December 30, 1930. In 1934, the National Park Service obtained the remaining portion of Jamestown Island which had been under private ownership by the Vermillion family. The National Park Service partnered with Preservation Virginia to preserve the area and present it to visitors in an educational manner. On June 5, 1936, the national monument was re-designated a national historical park, and became known as Colonial National Historical Park. From 1936 J.C. \"Pinky\" Harrington worked on the NPS's excavations at Jamestown. In 1954 John L. Cotter took charge of field projects at", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "1591563", "text": "of Roanoke. Jamestown served as the capital of the colony of Virginia for 83 years, from 1616 until 1699. Historic Jamestowne is the archaeological site on Jamestown Island and is a cooperative effort by Jamestown National Historic Site (part of Colonial National Historical Park) and Preservation Virginia. Jamestown Settlement, a living history interpretive site, is operated by the Jamestown Yorktown Foundation, a state agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Williamsburg was founded in 1632 as Middle Plantation, a fortified settlement on high ground between the James and York rivers. The city served as the capital of the Colony of Virginia", "title": "Hampton Roads" }, { "id": "2233074", "text": "Virginia Peninsula The Virginia Peninsula is a peninsula in southeast Virginia, USA, bounded by the York River, James River, Hampton Roads and Chesapeake Bay. It is sometimes known as the \"Lower Peninsula\" to distinguish it from two other peninsulas to the north, the Middle Peninsula and the Northern Neck. It is the site of historic Jamestown, founded in 1607 as the first English settlement in North America. Geographically located at the northwestern reaches, Charles City and New Kent counties are part of the Virginia Peninsula. In the 21st century, they are also considered part of the Richmond-Petersburg region. The rest", "title": "Virginia Peninsula" }, { "id": "5459274", "text": "Monacan. The first English colony, Jamestown, was allegedly allowed to be settled by Chief Powhatan as he wanted new military & economic advantages over the Siouans west of his people. The following chief, Opechancanough, succeeded him within only a couple of years after contact & had a much different view of the English. He led several failed uprisings, which caused his people to fracture, some tribes going south to live among the Chowanoke or north to live among the Piscataway. After that, one of his sons took several Powhatans and moved off to the northwest, becoming the Shawnee & took", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "13257883", "text": "and heavily cultivated, primarily by the Travis and Ambler families. A military post was located on the island during the Revolutionary War and American and British prisoners were exchanged there. During the U.S. Civil War the island was occupied by Confederate soldiers who built an earth fort near the church as part of the defense system to block the Union advance up the river to Richmond. Little further attention was paid to Virginia until preservation was undertaken in the twenty first century. History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99) Jamestown was the first settlement of the Virginia Colony, founded in 1607, and", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "2119036", "text": "the Popham Colony along the Kennebec River in present-day Maine. However, it was abandoned after about a year and the Plymouth Company became inactive. A successor company eventually established a permanent settlement in 1620 when the Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts aboard the \"Mayflower\". By the terms of the charter, the London Company was permitted to establish a colony of 100 miles square between the 34th and 41st parallels, approximately between Cape Fear and Long Island Sound. It also owned a large portion of Atlantic Ocean and inland Canada. On 14 May 1607, the London Company established the Jamestown Settlement", "title": "Virginia Company" }, { "id": "12567124", "text": "time a member joins. In 1958, the Society was formally organized as a non-profit corporation under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (1954, as amended). It frequently holds meetings and events. (Partial list) Jamestowne Society Jamestowne Society is an organization founded in 1936 by George Craghead Gregory for descendants of stockholders in the Virginia Company of London and the descendants of those who owned land or who had domiciles in Jamestown or on Jamestown Island prior to the year 1700. In May 1607, Jamestown was established as the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States,", "title": "Jamestowne Society" }, { "id": "1569645", "text": "late 17th century and into the 18th century, the primary settlement pattern was based on plantations (to grow tobacco), farms, and some towns (mostly ports or courthouse villages). The fort at Jamestown, founded in 1607, remained the primary settlement of the colonists for several years. A few strategic outposts were constructed, including Fort Algernon (1609) at the entrance to the James River. Early attempts to occupy strategic locations already inhabited by natives at what is now Richmond and Suffolk failed owing to native resistance. A short distance farther up the James, in 1611, Thomas Dale began the construction of a", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "1569646", "text": "progressive development at Henricus on and about what was later known as Farrars Island. Henricus was envisioned as possible replacement capital for Jamestown, and was to have the first college in Virginia. (The ill-fated Henricus was destroyed during the Indian Massacre of 1622). In addition to creating the new settlement at Henricus, Dale also established the port town of Bermuda Hundred, as well as \"Bermuda Cittie\" (sic) in 1613, now part of Hopewell, Virginia. He began the excavation work at Dutch Gap, using methods he had learned while serving in Holland. Once tobacco had been established as an export cash", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "1591562", "text": "impassable directly by modern trains; the two bridge-tunnel facilities operated by VDOT accommodate only highway traffic). The Historic Triangle is located on the Virginia Peninsula and includes the colonial communities of Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown. The sites are linked by a scenic roadway, the National Park Service's Colonial Parkway. The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was established by the Virginia Company of London as \"James Fort\" on May 4, 1607, and was considered permanent after brief abandonment in 1610. It followed several failed attempts, including the Lost Colony", "title": "Hampton Roads" }, { "id": "5323050", "text": "Henricus The \"Citie of Henricus\" — also known as Henricopolis, Henrico Town or Henrico — was a settlement in Virginia founded by Sir Thomas Dale in 1611 as an alternative to the swampy and dangerous area around the original English settlement at Jamestown, Virginia. It was named for Prince Henry, the eldest son of King James I. The site of Henricus later became part of the Shire of Henrico (1634), renamed Henrico County in 1637. In 1749, the portion of Henrico County that lay south of the James River was detached to form the present-day Chesterfield County. Today, the settlement", "title": "Henricus" }, { "id": "2233077", "text": "land now known as Virginia, as \"Ajacán\". The Spanish succeeded in founding a colonial settlement in the New World in 1565 at St. Augustine, Florida. It was the first founded by Europeans in what is now the United States. They established small Spanish outposts along the eastern coast into present-day Georgia and the Carolinas. The northern-most post was \"Santa Elena\" (today Port Royal, South Carolina). From there Juan Pardo was commissioned to lead expeditions into the interior, founding Fort San Juan in 1567-1568 at the regional Mississippian culture chiefdom of Joara. Located in present-day western North Carolina, this was the", "title": "Virginia Peninsula" }, { "id": "822226", "text": "as the \"Starving Time\". The Virginia Company brought eight Polish and German colonists in 1608 in the Second Supply, some of whom built a small glass factory—although the Germans and a few others soon defected to the Powhatans with weapons and supplies from the settlement. The Second Supply also brought the first two European women to the settlement. In 1619, the first documented Africans came to Jamestown—about 50 men, women, and children aboard a Portuguese slave ship that had been captured in the West Indies and brought to the Jamestown region. They most likely worked in the tobacco fields as", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "5459296", "text": "must have been quite small on both sides to allow that these peoples never reformed a government & remained nomadic for a great deal of time afterwards. After their discovery of the New World in the 15th century, European states began trying to establish New World colonies. England, the Dutch Republic, France, Portugal, and Spain were the most active. In 1540, a party led by two Spaniards, Juan de Villalobos and Francisco de Silvera, sent by Hernando de Soto, entered what is now Lee County in search of gold. In the spring of 1567, Hernando Moyano de Morales, a sergeant", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "13257826", "text": "brought by Captain Newport. These were: Matthew Scrivener (First Supply), and Peter Winne (Second Supply). On October 1, 1608, 70 new settlers arrived aboard the English \"Mary and Margaret\" with the Second Supply, following a journey of approximately three months. Included in the Second Supply were Thomas Graves, Thomas Forrest, Esq and \"Mistress Forrest and Anne Burras her maide.\" Mistress Forrest and Anne Burras were the first two women known to have come to the Jamestown Colony. Remains unearthed at Jamestown in 1997 may be those of Mistress Forrest. Also included were the first non-English settlers. The company recruited these", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "1970859", "text": "south of Virginia. It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. Carolina was not settled until 1670, and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area. Eventually, however, the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area led by Sir John Colleton. The expedition located fertile and defensible ground at what became Charleston, originally Charles Town for Charles II", "title": "Colonial history of the United States" }, { "id": "5459329", "text": "The rebuilt statehouse in Jamestown burned again in 1698. After that fire, upon suggestion of college students, the colonial capital was permanently moved to nearby Middle Plantation again, and the town was renamed Williamsburg, in honor of the king. Plans were made to construct a capitol building and plan the new city according to the survey of Theodorick Bland. As the English increasingly used tobacco products, tobacco in the American colonies became a significant economic force, especially in the tidewater region surrounding the Chesapeake Bay. Vast plantations were built along the rivers of Virginia, and social/economic systems developed to grow", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "1569600", "text": "and 50s, the Virginia colony was nicknamed \"The Old Dominion\" by King Charles II for its perceived loyalty to the English monarchy during the era of the Protectorate and Commonwealth of England. From 1619 to 1775/1776, the colonial legislature of Virginia was the House of Burgesses, which governed in conjunction with a colonial governor. Jamestown on the James River remained the capital of the Virginia colony until 1699; from 1699 until its dissolution the capital was in Williamsburg. The colony experienced its first major political turmoil with Bacon's Rebellion of 1676. After declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "20478302", "text": "Women of Colonial Virginia In May of 1607 one hundred men and young boys were on an expedition that landed them in what is now known as Virginia. They became the first permanent English settles in America. They named the colony of Jamestown after the English King James I. The site was chosen precisely for its location and beneficial factors. Jamestown was surrounded by water on three sides of the land; this made it easily accessible for ships to come and go. It was far enough inland which made it easier to defend from a possible Spanish attack. Lastly, the", "title": "Women of Colonial Virginia" }, { "id": "822235", "text": "as \"Capahosick\" where they would make metal tools for him as members of his Confederacy, but this never happened. The first explorers had been welcomed by the Indians with dancing, feasting, and tobacco ceremonies. Despite the hospitality of Wahunsenacawh, the presence of the English settlers and perhaps a further expedition up the James River by Captain Christopher Newport provoked the Paspahegh, Weyanock, and other groups to mount a series of attacks on the fort during a period of violence lasting from May 27 to July 14, 1607. Two-thirds of the settlers died before ships arrived in 1608 with supplies and", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "7484930", "text": "passed on January 29, 2018. The first European explorers in what is now Virginia were Spaniards, who landed at two separate places several decades before the English founded Jamestown. By 1525 the Spanish had charted the eastern Atlantic coastline north of Florida. In 1609, Francisco Fernández de Écija, seeking to deny the English claim, asserted that Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón's failed colony of San Miguel de Gualdape, which lasted only the three months of winter 1526–27, had been near Jamestown. Modern scholars instead place this first Spanish colony within the US in Georgia. In 1542, Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto", "title": "Native American tribes in Virginia" }, { "id": "5459299", "text": "of the Jesuits, and hanged approximately 20 natives. In 1573, the governor of Spanish Florida, Pedro Menéndez de Márquez, conducted further exploration of the Chesapeake. In the 1580s, captain Vicente González led several voyages into the Chesapeake in search of English settlements in the area. In 1609, Spanish Florida governor Pedro de Ibarra sent Francisco Fernández de Écija from St. Augustine to survey the activities of the Jamestown colonists, yet Spain never attempted a colony after the failure of the Ajacán Mission. The Roanoke Colony was the first English colony in the New World. It was founded at Roanoke Island", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "13257862", "text": "been declared a slave by 1640; John Punch. He was an indentured servant who ran away along with two White indentured servants and he was sentenced by the governing council to lifelong servitude. This action is what officially marked the institution of slavery in Jamestown and the future United States. By 1620, more German settlers from Hamburg, Germany, who were recruited by the Virginia Company set up and operated one of the first sawmills in the region. Among the Germans were several other skilled craftsmen carpenters, and pitch/tar/soap-ash makers, who produced some of the colony's first exports of these products.", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "1569609", "text": "of square between the 38th parallel and the 45th parallel (roughly between Chesapeake Bay and the current U.S.–Canada border). The London Company was permitted to establish between the 34th parallel and the 41st parallel (approximately between Cape Fear and Long Island Sound), and also owned a large portion of Atlantic and Inland Canada. In the area of overlap, the two companies were not permitted to establish colonies within one hundred miles of each other. During 1606, each company organized expeditions to establish settlements within the area of their rights. The London company formed Jamestown in its exclusive territory, whilst the", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "3172801", "text": "many communities also have close economic ties, as well as important functional ones regarding transportation issues such as roads, railroads, and airports. Historically, in the British Colony of Virginia first permanently settled at Jamestown in 1607, the area now generally regarded as \"Northern Virginia\" was within a larger area defined by a land grant from King Charles II of England on September 18, 1649, while the monarch was in exile in France during the English Civil War. Eight of his loyal supporters were named, among them Thomas Culpeper. On February 25, 1673, a new charter was given to Thomas Lord", "title": "Northern Virginia" }, { "id": "822228", "text": "it was quickly rebuilt. In 1699, the capital was relocated from Jamestown to what is today Williamsburg, Virginia, after which Jamestown ceased to exist as a settlement, existing today only as an archaeological site. Today, Jamestown is one of three locations composing the Historic Triangle of Colonial Virginia, along with Williamsburg and Yorktown, with two primary heritage sites. is the archaeological site on Jamestown Island and is a cooperative effort by Jamestown National Historic Site (part of Colonial National Historical Park) and Preservation Virginia. Jamestown Settlement, a living history interpretive site, is operated by the Jamestown Yorktown Foundation, a state", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "13257839", "text": "were residing at Passapatanzy, a village of the Patawomecks, a Powhatan Confederacy tribe which did some trading with Powhatans. They lived in present-day Stafford County on the Potomac River near Fredericksburg, about from Werowocomoco. She was abducted by Englishmen whose leader was Samuel Argall, and transported about south to the English settlement at Henricus on the James River. There, Pocahontas converted to Christianity and took the name \"Rebecca\" under the tutelage of Reverend Alexander Whitaker who had arrived in Jamestown in 1611. She married prominent planter John Rolfe, who had lost his first wife and child in the journey from", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "4487202", "text": "Nansemond County, Virginia Nansemond is an extinct locality that was located in Virginia Colony and the Commonwealth of Virginia (after statehood) in the United States, from 1646 until 1974. It was Nansemond County until 1972, and the independent city of Nansemond from 1972 to 1974. It is now part of the independent city of Suffolk. It was named for the Nansemond, a tribe of Native Americans, who have lived along the Nansemond River before the time the English colonists established Jamestown began arriving in 1607 and through to the present day. Under the Virginia Company of London, in 1619, the", "title": "Nansemond County, Virginia" }, { "id": "822255", "text": "nearby at the site of former Governor Berkeley's plantation, Jamestown was apparently inconsequential. In 1831, David Bullock purchased Jamestown from the Travis and Ambler families. During the American Civil War, in 1861, Confederate William Allen, who owned the Jamestown Island, occupied Jamestown with troops he raised at his own expense with the intention of blockading the James River and Richmond from the Union Navy. He was soon joined by Lieutenant Catesby ap Roger Jones, who directed the building of batteries and conducted ordnance and armor tests for the first Confederate ironclad warship, CSS \"Virginia\", which was under construction at the", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "12181052", "text": "one of the people represented thereon. In July 1603, Gilbert returned to the Americas. Setting anchor in Chesapeake Bay, Gilbert and four crewmen went ashore to search for the missing members of the Roanoke Colony. They subsequently ran afoul of and were killed by a group of Algonquians on 29 July. The date of this historic landing is represented in the Seal of Northampton County, Virginia. Not until 1607 did the English successfully establish Jamestown, Virginia, their first colony in what is now the United States. Bartholomew Gilbert Captain Bartholomew Gilbert was an English mariner who in 1602 served as", "title": "Bartholomew Gilbert" }, { "id": "822406", "text": "Jamestowne on Jamestown Island, run by the National Park Service and Preservation Virginia, being the archaeological site where the first settlers lived. The Colonial Parkway connects all of these sites. Late in the 19th century, Jamestown became the focus of renewed historical interest and efforts at preservation. In 1893, a portion of the island was donated to Preservation Virginia for that purpose, including the ruined church tower. In the early 1900s, a seawall was constructed with the intention of preserving the site around the original \"James Fort\", even though the actual location of the original 1607 fort was thought to", "title": "Jamestown Settlement" }, { "id": "13257869", "text": "I was reluctant to lose either power or future financial potential. In any case, in 1624, the Virginia Company lost its charter and Virginia became a crown colony. In 1634, the English Crown created eight shires (i.e. counties) in the colony of Virginia which had a total population of approximately 5,000 inhabitants. James City Shire was established and included Jamestown. Around 1642-43, the name of the James City Shire was changed to James City County. The original Jamestown fort seems to have existed into the middle of the 1620s, but as Jamestown grew into a \"New Town\" to the east,", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "4412666", "text": "Smith and the colonists of the Virginia Company established the settlement of Jamestown of the British Colony of Virginia on the James River in 1607. On their initial exploration, they recognized the strategic importance of the site at Old Point Comfort for purposes of coastal defense. They initially built Fort Algernourne (1609–1612) at the location of the present Fort Monroe. It is assumed to have been a triangular stockade, based on the fort at Jamestown. Other small forts known as Fort Henry and Fort Charles were built nearby in 1610. Fort Algernourne burned in 1612. In the latter part of", "title": "Fort Monroe" }, { "id": "13257836", "text": "Third Supply, led by \"Sea Venture\", left Plymouth in June, 1609. On the subject of the Virginia Company, it is notable that, throughout its existence, Sir Edwin Sandys, was a leading force. He, of course, also hoped for profits, but also his goals included a permanent colony which would enlarge English territory, relieve the nation's overpopulation, and expand the market for English goods. He is closely identified with a faction of the company led by Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton. Although profits proved elusive for their investors, the visions for the Colony of Sir Edwin Sandys and the Earl", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "8901386", "text": "Ann, Verlinda, Katherine and Francis. His daughter, Verlinda, eventually married governor of Maryland, William Stone. Captain Thomas Graves Thomas Graves (c. 1580-1635) was one of the original Adventurers (stockholders) of the Virginia Company of London, and one of the very early Planters (settlers) who founded Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also the first known person named Graves in North America. Captain Thomas Graves is listed as one of the original Adventurers as \"Thomas Grave\" on page 364, \"Records of the Virginia Company of London\", vol. IV. Graves arrived in Virginia in October 1608", "title": "Captain Thomas Graves" }, { "id": "8901382", "text": "Captain Thomas Graves Thomas Graves (c. 1580-1635) was one of the original Adventurers (stockholders) of the Virginia Company of London, and one of the very early Planters (settlers) who founded Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also the first known person named Graves in North America. Captain Thomas Graves is listed as one of the original Adventurers as \"Thomas Grave\" on page 364, \"Records of the Virginia Company of London\", vol. IV. Graves arrived in Virginia in October 1608 on the ship \"Mary and Margaret\" with Captain Christopher Newport's second supply. He paid 25", "title": "Captain Thomas Graves" }, { "id": "13257848", "text": "more supplies, and a new governor, Thomas West, Baron De La Warr. Fortuitously, on June 9, 1610, De La Warr arrived on the James River just as the settlers had abandoned Jamestown. Intercepting them about downstream from Jamestown near Mulberry Island (adjacent to present-day Fort Eustis in Newport News), the new governor forced the remaining 90 settlers to return. \"Deliverance\" and \"Patience\" turned back, and all the settlers were landed again at Jamestown. With the new supply mission, the new governor brought additional colonists, a doctor, food, and much-needed supplies. He also was of a strong determination that Jamestown and", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "1569650", "text": "which included the relatively small seat of government for the colony at Jamestown Island. Each of the four \"citties\" (sic) extended across the James River, the main conduit of transportation of the era. Elizabeth Cittie, know initially as Kecoughtan (a Native word with many variations in spelling by the English), also included the areas now known as South Hampton Roads and the Eastern Shore. In 1634, a new system of local government was created in the Virginia Colony by order of the King of England. Eight shires were designated, each with its own local officers. Within a few years, the", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "1569612", "text": "their king. After exploring at least as far upriver as the confluence of the Appomattox River at present-day Hopewell, they returned downstream to Jamestown Island, which offered a favorable defensive position against enemy ships and deep water anchorage adjacent to the land. Within two weeks they had constructed their first fort and named their settlement Jamestown. In addition to securing gold and other precious minerals to send back to the waiting investors in England, the survival plan for the Jamestown colonists depended upon regular supplies from England and trade with the Native Americans. The location they selected was largely cut", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "3926498", "text": "now Virginia and Maryland. It preceded Jamestown, the English colony, by as much as one hundred years. The first French settlement in what is now the Southern United States was Fort Caroline, located in what is now Jacksonville, Florida, in 1562. It was established as a haven for the Huguenots and was founded under the leadership of René Goulaine de Laudonnière and Jean Ribault. It was destroyed by the Spanish from the nearby colony of St. Augustine in 1565. Later French arrived from the north. Having established agricultural colonies in Canada and built a fur trading network with Indians in", "title": "History of the Southern United States" }, { "id": "13257818", "text": "be known as the \"first landing.\" A party of the men explored the area and had a minor conflict with some Virginia Indians. After the expedition arrived in what is now Virginia, sealed orders from the Virginia Company of London were opened. These orders named Captain John Smith as a member of the governing Council. Smith had been arrested for mutiny during the voyage and was incarcerated aboard one of the ships. He had been scheduled to be hanged upon arrival, but was freed by Captain Newport after the opening of the orders. The same orders also directed the expedition", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "1569648", "text": "to establish the new developments. The administrative centers of Virginia's hundreds were essentially small towns or villages, and were often palisaded for defense. An example was Martin's Hundred, located downstream from Jamestown on the north bank of the James River. It was sponsored by the Martin's Hundred Society, a group of investors in London. It was settled in 1618, and Wolstenholme Towne was its administrative center, named for Sir John Wolstenholme, one of the investors. Bermuda Hundred (now in Chesterfield County) and Flowerdew Hundred (now in Prince George County) are other names which have survived over centuries. Others included Berkeley", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "822253", "text": "the Virginia legislature met first at Governor William Berkeley's nearby Green Spring Plantation, and later at Middle Plantation, which had been started in 1632 as a fortified community inland on the Virginia Peninsula, about distant. When the statehouse burned again in 1698, this time accidentally, the legislature again temporarily relocated to Middle Plantation, and was able to meet in the new facilities of the College of William and Mary, which had been established after receiving a royal charter in 1693. Rather than rebuilding at Jamestown again, the capital of the colony was moved permanently to Middle Plantation in 1699. The", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "5181908", "text": "rebellion and as punishment for remaining Catholic rather than conforming to the (Protestant) established church. These lands were given to English (and later, Scottish) Protestant settlers who would be loyal to the Crown and keep the native Irish under control. During the Middle Ages, the Scottish government planted Scots-speaking lowland merchant colonies in the Gàidhealtachd (the Gaelic-speaking part of Scotland), for example at Campbeltown and Cromarty. Jamestown, Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in North America. During the 17th century, the Chesapeake Bay area was immensely hospitable to tobacco cultivation. Ships annually hauled 1.5 million pounds (680,000 kilograms) of", "title": "Plantation (settlement or colony)" }, { "id": "822254", "text": "town was soon renamed Williamsburg, to honor the reigning monarch, King William III. A new Capitol building and \"Governor's Palace\" were erected there in the following years. This was a revolutionary change. Due to the movement of the capital to Williamsburg, the old town of Jamestown began to slowly disappear from view. Those who lived in the general area attended services at Jamestown's church until the 1750s, when it was abandoned. By the mid-18th century, the land was heavily cultivated, primarily by the Travis and Ambler families. During the American Revolutionary War, although the Battle of Green Spring was fought", "title": "Jamestown, Virginia" }, { "id": "1865364", "text": "the safety of the state, as they serve as commander-in-chief of the Virginia Militia. The position of Governor of Virginia dates back to the 1607 first permanent English settlement in America, at Jamestown on the north shore of the James River upstream from Hampton Roads harbor at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. The Virginia Company of London set up a government run by a council. The president of the council basically served as a governor. The council was based in London and controlled the colony from afar. Nominally, Thomas Smith was the first president of the council, but he", "title": "Governor of Virginia" }, { "id": "1569618", "text": "life, the ship was wrecked beyond repair, stranding its survivors on the uninhabited archipelago, to which they laid claim for England. The survivors at Bermuda eventually built two smaller ships and most of them continued on to Jamestown, leaving a few on Bermuda to secure the claim. The Company's possession of Bermuda was made official in 1612, when the third and final charter extended the boundaries of 'Virginia' far enough out to sea to encompass Bermuda. Bermuda has since been known officially also as \"The Somers Isles\" (in commemoration of Admiral Somers). The shareholders of the Virginia Company spun off", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "1569653", "text": "American Revolution. The grant was for the land between the Rappahannock and Potomac Rivers, which included the titular Northern Neck, but as time went on also would include all of what is today Northern Virginia and into West Virginia. Due to ambiguities of the text of the various grants causing disputes between the proprietary and the colonial government, the tract was finally demarcated via the Fairfax Line in 1746. In the initial years under the Virginia Company, the colony was governed by a council, headed by a council President. From 1611 to 1618, under the orders of Sir Thomas Dale,", "title": "Colony of Virginia" }, { "id": "1812717", "text": "Edwin Sandys (died 1629) Sir Edwin Sandys ( ; 9 December 1561 – October 1629) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1589 and 1626. He was also one of the founders of the proprietary Virginia Company of London, which in 1606 established the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States in the colony of Virginia, based at Jamestown. The parish of Sandys, in Bermuda (the Virginia Company's second colony) is named after him. Sandys (pronounced \"Sands\") was born in Worcestershire, the second son of Edwin Sandys, Archbishop", "title": "Edwin Sandys (died 1629)" }, { "id": "4561824", "text": "toll-free. The first permanent English settlement in the New World was established at Jamestown on May 13, 1607. There are two major heritage sites at Jamestown: Jamestown Settlement, a living history museum which includes a reconstructed Native American village, colonial fort, and replica ships, operated by the Commonwealth of Virginia; and Historic Jamestowne, the National Park Service site which includes Jamestown Island and the ongoing archaeological projects. In 1699, the capital of Virginia was moved from Jamestown to a location on high ground at Middle Plantation at the suggestion of students from the College of William and Mary, which had", "title": "Historic Triangle" }, { "id": "13257821", "text": "have an easy and quick departure if necessary. An additional benefit of the site was that the land was not occupied by the Virginia Indians, most of whom were affiliated with the Powhatan Confederacy. Largely cut off from the mainland, the shallow harbor afforded the earliest settlers docking of their ships. This was its greatest attraction, but it also created a number of challenging problems for the settlers. King James I had outlined the members of the Council to govern the settlement in the sealed orders which left London with the colonists in 1606. Those named for the initial Council", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "5459303", "text": "Virginia Company, the Plymouth Company branch was assigned a northern portion of the area known as Virginia, and the London Company area to the south. In December 1606, the London Company dispatched a group of 104 colonists in three ships: the \"Susan Constant\", \"Godspeed\", and \"Discovery\", under the command of Captain Christopher Newport. After a long, rough voyage of 144 days, the colonists finally arrived in Virginia on April 26, 1607 at the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay. At Cape Henry, they went ashore, erected a cross, and did a small amount of exploring, an event which came to be", "title": "History of Virginia" }, { "id": "13257871", "text": "a much less devastating portion of the growing population than had been the case in the 1622 attacks. Furthermore, the forces of Royal Governor of Virginia William Berkeley captured the old warrior in 1646, variously thought to be between 90 and 100 years old. In October, while a prisoner, Opechancanough was killed by a soldier (shot in the back) assigned to guard him. Opechancanough was succeeded as Weroance (Chief) by Nectowance and then by Totopotomoi and later by his daughter Cockacoeske. In 1646, the first treaties were signed between the Virginia Indians and the English. The treaties set up reservations,", "title": "History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)" }, { "id": "910422", "text": "Newport, and carrying 105 men and boys, made their first landfall in the New World on the mainland, where the southern mouth of the Chesapeake Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean. They named it Cape Henry, after Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, the eldest son of King James I of England. These English colonists of the Virginia Company of London moved on from this area, as they were under orders to seek a site further inland, which would be more sheltered from ships of competing European countries. They created their first permanent settlement on the north side of the James River", "title": "Virginia Beach, Virginia" }, { "id": "303236", "text": "Gilbert sailed on to Virginia to seek out survivors of the Roanoke settlement in what is now North Carolina. Captain John Smith visited Nevis also on his way to Virginia in 1607. This was the voyage which founded Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in the New World. On 30 August 1620 James VI and I of Scotland and England asserted sovereignty over Nevis by giving a Royal Patent for colonisation to the Earl of Carlisle. However, actual European settlement did not happen until 1628, when Anthony Hilton moved from nearby Saint Kitts following a murder plot against him. He", "title": "Nevis" }, { "id": "9543458", "text": "History of Virginia Beach, Virginia The history of Virginia Beach, Virginia, goes back to the Native Americans who lived in the area for thousands of years before the English colonists landed at Cape Henry in April 1607 and established their first permanent settlement at Jamestown a few weeks later. The Colonial Virginia period extended until 1776 and the American Revolution, and the area has been part of the Commonwealth of Virginia ever since. Since 1634, area known today as Virginia Beach has been part of the same unit of local government, except for 11 years. In 1952, when resort Town", "title": "History of Virginia Beach, Virginia" } ]	who founded jamestown in what is now virginia
[ "Mariah Carey" ]	[ { "id": "4568536", "text": "Richie Rich (film) Richie Rich (stylized as Ri¢hie Ri¢h) is a 1994 American comedy film directed by Donald Petrie and based on Harvey Comics cartoon character of the same name created by Alfred Harvey and Warren Kremer. The film was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures under their Warner Bros. Family Entertainment label. The film stars Macaulay Culkin, John Larroquette, Edward Herrmann, Jonathan Hyde, and Christine Ebersole while Reggie Jackson, Claudia Schiffer, and Ben Stein appear in cameo roles. Culkin's younger brother, Rory Culkin, played the part of young Richie. While in theaters, the film was shown with a Wile E.", "title": "Richie Rich (film)" }, { "id": "4568551", "text": "a home video success, with $125 million in VHS rentals. \"Richie Rich's Christmas Wish\" is a 1998 direct-to-video sequel starring David Gallagher in the titular role. Richie Rich (film) Richie Rich (stylized as Ri¢hie Ri¢h) is a 1994 American comedy film directed by Donald Petrie and based on Harvey Comics cartoon character of the same name created by Alfred Harvey and Warren Kremer. The film was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures under their Warner Bros. Family Entertainment label. The film stars Macaulay Culkin, John Larroquette, Edward Herrmann, Jonathan Hyde, and Christine Ebersole while Reggie Jackson, Claudia Schiffer, and Ben Stein", "title": "Richie Rich (film)" }, { "id": "1461639", "text": "singer and saxophonist with the Commodores. They signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 1968 for one record before moving on to Motown Records initially as a support act to The Jackson 5. The Commodores then became established as a popular soul group. Their first several albums had a danceable, funky sound, as in such tracks as \"Machine Gun\" and \"Brick House.\" Over time, Richie wrote and sang more romantic, easy-listening ballads such as \"Easy\", \"Three Times a Lady\", \"Still\", and the tragic breakup ballad \"Sail On\". By the late 1970s, Richie had begun to accept songwriting commissions from", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "1461634", "text": "Lionel Richie Lionel Brockman Richie Jr. (born June 20, 1949) is an American singer, songwriter, actor and record producer. Beginning in 1968, Richie was a member of the funk and soul band the Commodores. The Commodores became established as a popular soul group; their first several albums had a danceable, funky sound, as in such tracks as \"Machine Gun\" and \"Brick House.\" Over time, Richie wrote and sang more romantic, easy-listening ballads such as \"Easy\", \"Three Times a Lady\", \"Still\", and the tragic breakup ballad \"Sail On\". Richie then launched a solo career in 1982 and his 1982 debut solo", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "1461650", "text": "album, \"Tuskegee\". It features 13 of his hit songs performed as duets with country stars including Sugarland's Jennifer Nettles, Jason Aldean, Tim McGraw, Blake Shelton, Darius Rucker, Rascal Flatts, Kenny Chesney, Billy Currington, Little Big Town, Shania Twain, Kenny Rogers, Willie Nelson, and Jimmy Buffett. In an interview with \"American Songwriter\" magazine, Richie stated \"I'm just gonna stand next to them again with great country artists and hug them.\" After years of mediocre sales in the U.S., the album returned him to the top of the \"Billboard 200\" chart, his first number one album there for more than 25 years,", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "260694", "text": "Mariah Carey Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer and songwriter. Referred to as the \"Songbird Supreme\" by the \"Guinness World Records\", she is noted for her five-octave vocal range, power, melismatic style, and signature use of the whistle register. She rose to fame in 1990 after signing to Columbia Records and releasing her eponymous debut album, which topped the US \"Billboard\" 200 for 11 consecutive weeks. Carey became the first and only artist to have their first five singles reach number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, from \"Vision of Love\" to", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "12252305", "text": "You Are (Lionel Richie song) \"You Are\" is the title of a popular song from 1983 by the singer-songwriter Lionel Richie. \"You Are\" was written by Richie and his then-wife, Brenda Harvey Richie. It appears on his self-titled debut solo album, which came out in 1982. It resumes where he left off with D-flat major tunes with Commodores' \"Sail On\" and \"Still\", and his solo effort \"Truly\". Released as the follow-up single to his number-one hit song \"Truly\", \"You Are\" reached the top five on three major \"Billboard\" music charts. On the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop chart, the song spent", "title": "You Are (Lionel Richie song)" }, { "id": "1461659", "text": "Song. Lionel Richie Lionel Brockman Richie Jr. (born June 20, 1949) is an American singer, songwriter, actor and record producer. Beginning in 1968, Richie was a member of the funk and soul band the Commodores. The Commodores became established as a popular soul group; their first several albums had a danceable, funky sound, as in such tracks as \"Machine Gun\" and \"Brick House.\" Over time, Richie wrote and sang more romantic, easy-listening ballads such as \"Easy\", \"Three Times a Lady\", \"Still\", and the tragic breakup ballad \"Sail On\". Richie then launched a solo career in 1982 and his 1982 debut", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "12252307", "text": "songs from Richie's debut album. You Are (Lionel Richie song) \"You Are\" is the title of a popular song from 1983 by the singer-songwriter Lionel Richie. \"You Are\" was written by Richie and his then-wife, Brenda Harvey Richie. It appears on his self-titled debut solo album, which came out in 1982. It resumes where he left off with D-flat major tunes with Commodores' \"Sail On\" and \"Still\", and his solo effort \"Truly\". Released as the follow-up single to his number-one hit song \"Truly\", \"You Are\" reached the top five on three major \"Billboard\" music charts. On the \"Billboard\" Hot 100", "title": "You Are (Lionel Richie song)" }, { "id": "12252306", "text": "two weeks at number four in early 1983. It peaked at number two on the R&B chart (behind \"Billie Jean\" by Michael Jackson), and spent six weeks at number one on the adult contemporary chart. In the United Kingdom, the song reached number 43 on the British pop chart. \"You Are\" is a romantic song, although it has a more upbeat arrangement than many of Richie's slower ballads, including a horn section. Before achieving popularity for his own music, singer Richard Marx was a studio musician who can be heard singing backing vocals on \"You Are\" as well as other", "title": "You Are (Lionel Richie song)" }, { "id": "19952064", "text": "Richie Rich (film series) The Richie Rich films is a series of two American family films, based on the character of the same name, who was originally featured in Harvey Comics. The first film was a theatrical release directed by Donald Petrie, that stars Macaulay Culkin. Its sequel was a direct-to-video feature directed by John Murlowski, starring David Gallagher replacing Macaulay Culkin. Both films were distributed by Warner Bros. The film features Richard \"Richie\" Rich Jr. (Macaulay Culkin), who is the world's wealthiest kid, who has what any kid could ever image, but the thing that Richie desires the most", "title": "Richie Rich (film series)" }, { "id": "19661299", "text": "Finn Wolfhard Finn Wolfhard (born December 23, 2002) is a Canadian actor and musician. His acting roles include Mike Wheeler in the Netflix series \"Stranger Things\" and Richie Tozier in the 2017 film adaptation of Stephen King's \"It\". As a musician, he is the lead vocalist and guitarist for the rock band Calpurnia. Wolfhard was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to a family of French, German and Jewish descent. His father, Eric Wolfhard, is a researcher on aboriginal land claims. He has an older brother named Nick. Wolfhard got his first acting job from Craigslist. He made his television", "title": "Finn Wolfhard" }, { "id": "17754542", "text": "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) \"Pilot\" is the first episode and the series premiere of the American sitcom \"The Drew Carey Show\". It first aired on September 13, 1995 on the ABC network in the United States. The premise of the show revolves around the life Drew Carey would have lived if he had not become a stand-up comedian. The pilot introduces the main characters of Drew (Carey), Kate (Christa Miller), Lewis (Ryan Stiles) and Oswald (Diedrich Bader), as well as Drew's workplace, the fictional Winfred-Lauder department store, and enemy Mimi Bobeck (Kathy Kinney). The pilot was written by series", "title": "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show)" }, { "id": "260758", "text": "butler who served eight American presidents over the course of three decades. Carey made guest voice-star as a redneck character on the adult animated series \"American Dad!\" on November 24, 2013. In February 2013 Carey recorded and released a song called \"Almost Home\", for the soundtrack of the Walt Disney Studios film \"Oz the Great and Powerful\". The video was directed by photographer David LaChapelle. News started coming around about the singer's fourteenth studio album. Some of the people that Carey worked with on the album included: DJ Clue?, Randy Jackson, Q-Tip, R. Kelly, David Morales, Loris Holland, Stevie J,", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "19555343", "text": "2017, Muschietti and his sister mentioned that Jessica Chastain would be their top choice to play the adult version of Beverly Marsh. In November 2017, Chastain herself expressed interest in the project. Finally, in February 2018, Chastain officially joined the cast to portray the character, making the film her second collaboration with Muschietti after \"Mama\". In April 2018, Bill Hader and James McAvoy joined the cast to play adult versions of Richie Tozier and Bill Denbrough, respectively. In May 2018, James Ransone, Andy Bean, and Jay Ryan joined the cast to portray adult versions of Eddie Kaspbrak, Stanley Uris, and", "title": "It – Chapter Two" }, { "id": "6974361", "text": "original choices for the role of Tony Soprano. David Proval David Aaron Proval (born May 20, 1942 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American actor, known for his roles as Tony DeVienazo in the Martin Scorsese film \"Mean Streets\" (1973) and as Richie Aprile on the HBO television series \"The Sopranos\" (1999–2007). Proval was born in Brooklyn, New York, of Jewish heritage, the son of Clara Katz, an actress from Bucharest, Romania. He has appeared in such feature films as \"The Shawshank Redemption\", \"The Phantom\", \"Mob Queen\", \"Four Rooms\", \"UHF\", \"Innocent Blood\", \"The Siege\", \"The Monster Squad\", \"Bookies\", \"Balls of", "title": "David Proval" }, { "id": "19661300", "text": "debut as Zoran in \"The 100\", followed by a role as Jordie Pinsky in \"Supernatural\". In 2016, Wolfhard began to play the role of Mike Wheeler in the Netflix series \"Stranger Things\". He auditioned for the role via video after seeing an open casting call. The cast of the series won a SAG Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series. He played Richie Tozier in the film adaptation of Stephen King's \"It\", which was released on September 8, 2017. The casting of Wolfhard in both \"Stranger Things\" and \"It\", both set in the '80s, had been", "title": "Finn Wolfhard" }, { "id": "1461641", "text": "biggest hits. Its success encouraged Richie to branch out into a full-fledged solo career in 1982. He was replaced as lead singer for the Commodores by Skyler Jett in 1983. Richie's 1982 debut solo album, \"Lionel Richie\", contained three hit singles: the U.S. number-one song \"Truly\", which continued the style of his ballads with the Commodores and launched his career as one of the most successful balladeers of the 1980s, and the top five hits \"You Are\" and \"My Love\". The album hit No. 3 on the music charts and sold over 4 million copies. His 1983 follow-up album, \"Can't", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "19661303", "text": "and its imprint, paradYse, for Europe and the United Kingdom. Finn Wolfhard Finn Wolfhard (born December 23, 2002) is a Canadian actor and musician. His acting roles include Mike Wheeler in the Netflix series \"Stranger Things\" and Richie Tozier in the 2017 film adaptation of Stephen King's \"It\". As a musician, he is the lead vocalist and guitarist for the rock band Calpurnia. Wolfhard was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to a family of French, German and Jewish descent. His father, Eric Wolfhard, is a researcher on aboriginal land claims. He has an older brother named Nick. Wolfhard got", "title": "Finn Wolfhard" }, { "id": "4959099", "text": "Hot 100. Background vocals from the original alternate take were sampled by Hardrive in the 1993 House song \"No Cure\". Mariah Carey performed the song in a (2000), and Stephanie Edwards sang it on the sixth season of \"American Idol\". Carey performed a mix of \"Love Hangover\" the lead single from her seventh studio album, \"Rainbow\", \"Heartbreaker\" on her Angels Advocate Tour between 2009 and 2010, on All The Hits Tour, a co-headlining tour with American singer Lionel Richie in 2017, and second Las Vegas residency, The Butterfly Returns in 2018. The song would become part of the hip-hop lexicon", "title": "Love Hangover" }, { "id": "1461643", "text": "from his R&B roots. Richie had three more top ten hits in 1984, \"Stuck on You\" (#3), \"Running with the Night\" (#7) and \"Penny Lover\" (#8), as well as writing & producing \"Missing You\" for former labelmate and duet partner Diana Ross (#10 Pop, #1 R&B). In 1985, Richie wrote and performed \"Say You, Say Me\" for the film \"White Nights\". The song won an Oscar for his efforts and reached No. 1 on the U.S. charts, staying there for four weeks, making it the number-two song of 1986 according to \"Billboard\"'s Year-End Hot 100 chart, behind the charity single", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "19952066", "text": "and it is up to Richie to find Professor Keenbean to take him back to the machine and undo the wish. Richie Rich (film series) The Richie Rich films is a series of two American family films, based on the character of the same name, who was originally featured in Harvey Comics. The first film was a theatrical release directed by Donald Petrie, that stars Macaulay Culkin. Its sequel was a direct-to-video feature directed by John Murlowski, starring David Gallagher replacing Macaulay Culkin. Both films were distributed by Warner Bros. The film features Richard \"Richie\" Rich Jr. (Macaulay Culkin), who", "title": "Richie Rich (film series)" }, { "id": "260813", "text": "adopts a homeless dog. Mariah Carey Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer and songwriter. Referred to as the \"Songbird Supreme\" by the \"Guinness World Records\", she is noted for her five-octave vocal range, power, melismatic style, and signature use of the whistle register. She rose to fame in 1990 after signing to Columbia Records and releasing her eponymous debut album, which topped the US \"Billboard\" 200 for 11 consecutive weeks. Carey became the first and only artist to have their first five singles reach number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, from", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "4984675", "text": "1981 movie of the same name starring Brooke Shields. Credits adapted from Discogs. Lionel Richie (album) Lionel Richie is the eponymous debut solo studio album by American singer Lionel Richie, released on October 6, 1982, on Motown Records. It was recorded and released while Richie was still a member of the Commodores; he would leave the group shortly after the album's release. The first single from the album, \"Truly\", topped the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Follow-up single \"You Are\" reached number four, and \"My Love\" reached number five. The album was also a hit, reaching number one on the \"Cashbox\" albums", "title": "Lionel Richie (album)" }, { "id": "1461637", "text": "nominated for Best Original Song for the film \"Endless Love\". In 1986 he was nominated and won the award for Best Original Song for the song \"Say You, Say Me\", featured in the film \"White Nights\". The song also won the Academy Award for Best Original Song. In 2016, Richie received the Songwriters Hall of Fame's highest honor, the Johnny Mercer Award. Lionel Brockman Richie Jr. was born and raised in Tuskegee, Alabama, the son of Lionel Brockman Richie Sr. and Alberta R. Foster He grew up on the campus of Tuskegee Institute. Richie graduated from Joliet Township High School,", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "4984673", "text": "Lionel Richie (album) Lionel Richie is the eponymous debut solo studio album by American singer Lionel Richie, released on October 6, 1982, on Motown Records. It was recorded and released while Richie was still a member of the Commodores; he would leave the group shortly after the album's release. The first single from the album, \"Truly\", topped the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Follow-up single \"You Are\" reached number four, and \"My Love\" reached number five. The album was also a hit, reaching number one on the \"Cashbox\" albums chart on December 11, 1982. In 2003, \"Lionel Richie\" was re-released as part", "title": "Lionel Richie (album)" }, { "id": "260715", "text": "her past two albums, Carey agreed to embark on a short stateside string of concerts, titled the Music Box Tour. Spanning only six dates across North America, the short but successful tour was a large step for Carey, who dreaded the hassle of touring. Following \"Music Box\", Carey took a relatively large period of time away from the public eye, and began working on an unknown project throughout 1994. In October 1994, \"Billboard\" announced that Carey would release a holiday album later that year. That 1994, Carey recorded a duet with Luther Vandross; a cover of Lionel Richie and Diana", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "260707", "text": "first musical act since the Jackson 5 to have their first four singles reach number one. \"Mariah Carey\" finished as the best-selling album in the United States in 1991, while totaling sales of over 15 million copies. Carey began recording her second studio album, \"Emotions\", in 1991. She described it as an homage to Motown soul music, as she felt the need to pay tribute to the type of music that had influenced her as a child. For the project, Carey worked with Walter Afanasieff, who only had a small role on her debut, as well as Robert Clivillés and", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "8412519", "text": "released in 2012 and peaked at number one on the US \"Billboard\" 200, making it his third number one album on the chart. Lionel Richie discography Lionel Richie is an American R&B and pop singer-songwriter, who has released ten studio albums, three live albums, and seven compilation albums. Formerly the lead vocalist of The Commodores, Richie began a solo career in the early 1980s and has released over 40 singles, five of which became number-one hits on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Richie's first three studio albums have all been certified \"Multi-Platinum\" by the Recording Industry Association of America. His", "title": "Lionel Richie discography" }, { "id": "612979", "text": "Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace is a 1999 American epic space opera written and directed by George Lucas, produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the first installment in the \"Star Wars\" prequel trilogy and stars Liam Neeson, Ewan McGregor, Natalie Portman, Jake Lloyd, Ian McDiarmid, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, Pernilla August, and Frank Oz. The film is set 32 years before the original film, and follows Jedi Knight Qui-Gon Jinn and his apprentice Obi-Wan Kenobi as they protect Queen Amidala in hopes of securing", "title": "Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace" }, { "id": "12323708", "text": "Writing. His early stand-up career led to supporting roles on television shows, during which he developed the character of a hapless middle-class bachelor. In 1993, Carey had a small role in the film \"Coneheads\" as a taxi passenger. In 1994, Carey co-starred with John Caponera in \"The Good Life\", a short-lived sitcom on NBC. After the show was cancelled, Bruce Helford, a writer on the show, hired Carey as a consultant for the television show \"Someone Like Me\". After their stint on \"Someone Like Me\", Carey and Helford developed and produced the storyline for \"The Drew Carey Show\". The sitcom", "title": "Drew Carey" }, { "id": "17754554", "text": "funniest scenes were those featuring Mimi. Kinney was hired for a further seven episodes, but eventually appeared in every episode. Robin Rauzi, writing for \"The Sun-Herald\", branded Mimi \"a moving visual assault with a personality to match\" because of her painted-on eyebrows, bright eyeshadow and gaudy clothes. After relocating from Chicago, Ian Gomez spent a year auditioning for various shows, before being cast in the recurring role of Larry Almada in 1995. Other actors who appear in the pilot are Alaina Reed Hall, David St. James, Lauren Katz, Vic Helford and Natasha Silver. The pilot was shot in April 1995", "title": "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show)" }, { "id": "6974359", "text": "David Proval David Aaron Proval (born May 20, 1942 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American actor, known for his roles as Tony DeVienazo in the Martin Scorsese film \"Mean Streets\" (1973) and as Richie Aprile on the HBO television series \"The Sopranos\" (1999–2007). Proval was born in Brooklyn, New York, of Jewish heritage, the son of Clara Katz, an actress from Bucharest, Romania. He has appeared in such feature films as \"The Shawshank Redemption\", \"The Phantom\", \"Mob Queen\", \"Four Rooms\", \"UHF\", \"Innocent Blood\", \"The Siege\", \"The Monster Squad\", \"Bookies\", \"Balls of Fury\", had cameos in \"The Brady Bunch Movie\"", "title": "David Proval" }, { "id": "4309123", "text": "the role for Otis. On December 15, 2006, the studio released \"Charlotte's Web\", a family drama film based on E. B. White's popular book of the same name, starring Dakota Fanning, Kevin Anderson, Beau Bridges, and the voices of Dominic Scott Kay, Julia Roberts, Steve Buscemi, John Cleese, Oprah Winfrey, and Cedric the Entertainer. This film became a critical and box office success, earning $82,985,708 in the United States and $144,877,632 worldwide. This is Nickelodeon's first G-rated film in five years and first live-action film rated G as well as being the studio's highest-grossing film with that rating. Dakota Fanning", "title": "Nickelodeon Movies" }, { "id": "4568537", "text": "Coyote and the Road Runner cartoon called \"Chariots of Fur\". In 1998, it was followed by a direct-to-video sequel, \"Richie Rich's Christmas Wish\". Richard \"Richie\" Rich Jr. (Macaulay Culkin) is the world's wealthiest kid, the son of billionaire businessman and philanthropist Richard Rich, Sr. (Edward Herrmann). Richie has only his loyal butler Herbert Cadbury (Jonathan Hyde) as a companion, and lacks any friends his own age. At a dedication to the reopening of United Tool, a factory Richard recently acquired (intending to modernize the factory and give it away to the workers as a token of goodwill) Richie encounters a", "title": "Richie Rich (film)" }, { "id": "19572692", "text": "team to play another leading role, after the team had considered casting other actors including Sasikumar. Gautham revealed that Natarajan was eventually chosen because they wanted an actor who did not carry any particular image. Kannada actress Shraddha Srinath was signed on to play the leading female role opposite Nivin, while Lakshmi Priyaa Chandramouli and Elango Kumaravel were signed on to portray supporting roles as members of a fishermen community. Veteran producer G. K. Reddy, the father of actor Vishal, was signed on to play a supporting role in the film during the first schedule. The film began the first", "title": "Richie (film)" }, { "id": "5146838", "text": "her character was a glamorous Hollywood actress. After she moved to England with Hemmings in 1970, Hunnicutt was able to use the finer range of her acting. She had a prominent role as Charlotte Stant, in Jack Pulman's television adaptation of Henry James's novel \"The Golden Bowl\" (1972). She played Lionel's wife in \"The Legend of Hell House\" (1973) and Tsarina Alexandra in \"Fall of Eagles\" (1974). She appeared as Irene Adler, opposite Jeremy Brett, in the first episode of the TV series \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\" (\"A Scandal in Bohemia\", 1984). She also appeared in another Marlowe mystery", "title": "Gayle Hunnicutt" }, { "id": "339077", "text": "script at the United Artists Theater in the Ace Hotel, Los Angeles. The event was organized by the Film Independent at LACMA, as part of the \"Live Read\" series. Tarantino explained that they would read the first draft of the script, and added that he was writing two new drafts with a different ending. The actors who joined Tarantino included Samuel L. Jackson, Kurt Russell, Amber Tamblyn, James Parks, Walton Goggins, and the first three actors to be given the script before the leakage, Bruce Dern, Tim Roth and Michael Madsen. In October 2014, Jennifer Jason Leigh was in talks", "title": "Quentin Tarantino" }, { "id": "1848163", "text": "R&B Song in the same year. In 1992, \"The Best Things in Life Are Free\", a duet with Janet Jackson from the movie \"Mo' Money\" became a hit. In 1993, he had a brief non-speaking role in the Robert Townsend movie \"The Meteor Man\". He played a hit man who plotted to stop Townsend's title character. Vandross hit the top ten again in 1994, teaming with Mariah Carey on a cover version of Lionel Richie and Diana Ross's duet \"Endless Love\". It was included on the album \"Songs\", a collection of songs which had inspired Vandross over the years. He", "title": "Luther Vandross" }, { "id": "260766", "text": "Gotham City, in the animated film \"The Lego Batman Movie\". In April 2017, it was announced that Carey is launching her own record label, Butterfly MC Records, a joint partnership with Epic Records. In July 2017, Carey made a cameo in the comedy film \"Girls Trip\", starring Queen Latifah, Jada Pinkett Smith and Regina Hall. The same month, Carey embarked on a tour with Lionel Richie, titled, All the Hits Tour. Carey was featured in the official remix for French Montana's single \"Unforgettable\", alongside Swae Lee. In October 2017, Carey released a new soundtrack single, \"The Star\", for the movie", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "2028099", "text": "the series is way different than the original and the rest of the original main characters were replaced, the only exception is Irona. The show is executive produced by Jeff Hodsden and Tim Pollack, from \"The Suite Life of Zack & Cody\" and \"A.N.T. Farm\". The show is produced by DreamWorks Animation. Published by Harvey Comics unless otherwise noted Richie Rich (comics) Richard \"Richie\" $ Rich, Jr. (often stylized as Ri¢hie Ri¢h) is a fictional character in the Harvey Comics universe. He debuted in \"Little Dot\" #1, cover-dated September 1953, and was created by Alfred Harvey and Warren Kremer. Dubbed", "title": "Richie Rich (comics)" }, { "id": "10486242", "text": "studio albums such as \"Songs\" (1994), \"This Is Christmas\" (1995), \"Never Let Me Go\" (1993), \"Power of Love\" (1991) and \"Your Secret Love\" (1996). The album also contains his then-biggest pop hits such as \"Power of Love/Love Power\", an alternate club mix of \"The Best Things in Life Are Free\" (a duet with Janet Jackson from the \"Mo' Money\" soundtrack) and a cover of the Lionel Richie/Diana Ross recording \"Endless Love\" with Mariah Carey, which became his biggest hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 peaking at number two. The album was moderately successful, reaching the top 50 of the \"Billboard\"", "title": "One Night with You: The Best of Love, Volume 2" }, { "id": "1461636", "text": "\"We Are the World\" with Michael Jackson, which sold over 20 million copies. Richie has sold over 90 million records worldwide, making him one of the world's best-selling artists of all time. He has won five Grammy Awards including Song of the Year in 1985 for \"We Are the World\" which he co-wrote with Michael Jackson, Album of the Year in 1984 for \"Can't Slow Down\", Producer of the Year (Non-Classical) in 1984 and Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for Truly in 1982. Richie has also been nominated for two Golden Globe awards and won one. In 1982 he was", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "13013290", "text": "among Richie's more successful singles in the United Kingdom, where it only managed # 70 on the UK Singles Chart. Later, a remake of the song was recorded and included on Richie's 2012 album \"Tuskegee\". The remake features Kenny Chesney. My Love (Lionel Richie song) \"My Love\" is the title of a 1983 hit song by the American singer-songwriter Lionel Richie. It was the third single released off Richie's self-titled debut solo album. The song features harmony backing vocals by country music singer Kenny Rogers. It reached the Top 10 on three notable \"Billboard\" magazine charts in the spring of", "title": "My Love (Lionel Richie song)" }, { "id": "8412517", "text": "Lionel Richie discography Lionel Richie is an American R&B and pop singer-songwriter, who has released ten studio albums, three live albums, and seven compilation albums. Formerly the lead vocalist of The Commodores, Richie began a solo career in the early 1980s and has released over 40 singles, five of which became number-one hits on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Richie's first three studio albums have all been certified \"Multi-Platinum\" by the Recording Industry Association of America. His second album, \"Can't Slow Down\", is his most successful, being certified 10× Platinum (i.e. Diamond) in the US. The album spent 59 consecutive", "title": "Lionel Richie discography" }, { "id": "1461658", "text": "of the Year in 1984 for \"Can't Slow Down\", Producer of the Year (Non-Classical) in 1984 and Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for Truly in 1982. Richie was the first person to receive an RIAA diamond album award. Richie has been nominated for two Golden Globe awards and won one. In 1982 he was nominated for Best Original Song for the film \"Endless Love\". In 1986 he was nominated and won the award for Best Original Song for the song \"Say You, Say Me\", featured in the film \"White Nights\". This song also won the Academy Award for Best Original", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "18551956", "text": "Raúl Castillo Raúl Castillo, Jr. (born August 30, 1977) is an American stage and film actor and playwright, born in McAllen, Texas and educated at Boston University College of Fine Arts. He is known for his acting roles in \"Amexicano\" and \"Cold Weather\" and his role as Richie Donado Ventura in the HBO series \"Looking\" and its subsequent series finale television film, \"\". His notable written plays include \"Border Stories\" and \"Between Me, You, and the Lampshade.\" His works are associated with the LAByrinth Theater Company and the Atlantic Theater Company. Raúl Castillo, Jr. was born to father Raúl H.", "title": "Raúl Castillo" }, { "id": "5007440", "text": "Mariah Carey singles discography American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey has released sixty-three official singles, six promotional singles, and has made eight guest appearances. Carey's self-titled debut album in 1990 yielded four number-one singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, the first being \"Vision of Love\", a song credited with revolutionizing the usage of distinguished vocal stylings, predominantly the practice of melisma, and effectively influencing virtually every female R&B performer since the 1990s. Subsequent singles \"Emotions\" (1991) and Carey's cover of the Jackson 5 classic, \"I'll Be There\" (1992) continued the singer's streak of US number-one singles, with the latter becoming", "title": "Mariah Carey singles discography" }, { "id": "17090109", "text": "Almost Home (Mariah Carey song) \"Almost Home\" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. It is the main track from the 2013 Walt Disney Pictures film \"Oz the Great and Powerful\". Commissioned by Disney, Simone Porter, Justin Gray, and Lindsey Ray wrote the bulk of the record. When Carey signed on to sing the song, she and Stargate's Tor Erik Hermansen and Mikkel Eriksen would later change it a bit and ultimately, complete it. On February 6, 2013, it was announced that Mariah Carey had recorded the song for the Disney film with production team Stargate,", "title": "Almost Home (Mariah Carey song)" }, { "id": "14707424", "text": "Production from the University of Southern California School of Cinema and Television. \"Between Strangers\" was the first feature film Edoardo Ponti wrote and directed. It was produced by Gabriella Martinelli and starred an ensemble cast which includes Sophia Loren, Mira Sorvino, Deborah Kara Unger, Gérard Depardieu, Pete Postlethwaite, and Malcolm McDowell. The film premiered at the Venice and Toronto International Film Festivals. It won five Genie nominations, the Canadian equivalent to the Academy Award. Ponti earned the best first-time filmmaker award from the Newport Beach Film Festival, as well as an award of merit from the Los Angeles Italian Film", "title": "Edoardo Ponti" }, { "id": "1461644", "text": "\"That's What Friends Are For\" by Dionne and Friends. He also collaborated with Michael Jackson on the charity single \"We Are the World\" by USA for Africa, another number-one hit. In 1986, Richie released \"Dancing on the Ceiling\", his last widely popular album, which produced a run of five US and UK hits, \"Say You, Say Me\" (U.S. #1), \"Dancing on the Ceiling\" (U.S. #2), \"Love Will Conquer All\" (U.S. #9), \"Ballerina Girl\" (U.S. #7), and \"Se La\" (U.S. #20). He made his return to recording and performing following the release of his first greatest-hits collection, \"Back to Front\", in", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "2028094", "text": "Richie Rich (comics) Richard \"Richie\" $ Rich, Jr. (often stylized as Ri¢hie Ri¢h) is a fictional character in the Harvey Comics universe. He debuted in \"Little Dot\" #1, cover-dated September 1953, and was created by Alfred Harvey and Warren Kremer. Dubbed \"the poor little rich boy,\" Richie is the only child of fantastically wealthy parents and is the world's richest kid. He is so rich, his middle name is a dollar sign, $. During Harvey Comics' heyday (1950–1982), Richie was the publisher's most popular character, eventually starring in over fifty separate titles, including such long-running comics as \"Richie Rich\", \"Richie", "title": "Richie Rich (comics)" }, { "id": "1461656", "text": "ended in 2003. Richie became a grandfather in 2008 when Nicole Richie gave birth to a baby girl with the lead singer of Good Charlotte, Joel Madden. Richie's second grandchild was born to the couple in 2009. On March 4, 2011, Richie appeared on NBC's \"Who Do You Think You Are?\" The program did research into Lionel Richie's genealogy and found out that his maternal great-grandfather was the national leader of an early African-American fraternal organization. Notably, J. Louis Brown was: Richie was baptized and grew up Episcopalian. He considered becoming an Episcopal priest instead of taking up a career", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "4691372", "text": "worldwide, becoming a top twenty hit in several countries, including the United States, while peaking inside the top-ten in over five other countries. The song's accompanying music video, directed by Brett Ratner, was filmed as a two-part story with \"We Belong Together\", featuring Carey at her bachelorette party, while getting ready to marry Eric Roberts and falling in love with a party guest and ex-lover, played by Wentworth Miller. The song was heavily promoted by the singer in a number of places, such as \"The Ellen DeGeneres Show\", \"Good Morning America\", BET, VH1 and more, while being performed on several", "title": "It's Like That (Mariah Carey song)" }, { "id": "6175829", "text": "and was attached to voice a dinosaur in the Pixar film \"The Good Dinosaur\". However, Hader, alongside John Lithgow, Lucas Neff, Neil Patrick Harris and Judy Greer, left the project after their characters were re-designed. Most recently, Hader had his first romantic-comedy leading man role opposite Amy Schumer in \"Trainwreck\" (2015) and as a former college boyfriend to Greta Gerwig's title character, Maggie's, now stable married best friend in \"Maggie's Plan\" (2015). Hader voiced Alpha 5 in the 2017 film version of \"Power Rangers\". Hader will star in \"It: Chapter Two\" as the adult Richie Tozier in the upcoming sequel", "title": "Bill Hader" }, { "id": "7194543", "text": "Lionel Jefferson Lionel Jefferson is a supporting character from the hit sitcoms \"All in the Family\" and \"The Jeffersons\". He is the son of George and Louise Jefferson. He was originally portrayed by D'Urville Martin for two unaired pilots, before the role was recast with Mike Evans. He was later played by Damon Evans (no relation), though Mike Evans eventually returned to the role before the end of the series. On \"All in the Family\", Lionel was portrayed by Mike Evans from 1971 to 1975. Lionel was born in New York City on October 18, 1953. His character is significant", "title": "Lionel Jefferson" }, { "id": "4691388", "text": "were released. Carey initially wanted Paul Hunter to direct the video. However, Brett Ratner, who directed some of Carey's other videos, was later chosen instead. The main setting of the video, which was shot on location at Greystone Park Mansion in Beverly Hills, California on February 11, 2005, is a party at a mansion turned nightclub on the night before Carey's character's wedding to Eric Roberts. Several guests are seen wearing masks, and there are celebrity cameo appearances by Brian McKnight, Randy Jackson, and the two featured rappers on the track, Dupri and Fatman Scoop. Carey is singing along to", "title": "It's Like That (Mariah Carey song)" }, { "id": "5051125", "text": "happy are gonna see the light of day. I think people are going to like this \"Greatest Hits\" because there are songs on it that were not necessarily singles.\" The first of Carey's number ones to be featured on the album was \"Vision of Love\". It was Carey's first single and was the song that propelled her into the music scene. The song received acclaim, and was credited with influencing and popularizing the use of melisma throughout the 1990s. Three other songs were included from her self-titled debut album, of them were \"Love Takes Time\", \"Someday\" and \"I Don't Wanna", "title": "Number 1's (Mariah Carey album)" }, { "id": "1785414", "text": "Michael Keaton Michael John Douglas (born September 5, 1951), known professionally as Michael Keaton, is an American actor, producer, and director. He first rose to fame for his roles on the CBS sitcoms \"All's Fair\" and \"The Mary Tyler Moore Hour\" and his comedic film roles in \"Night Shift\" (1982), \"Mr. Mom\" (1983), \"Johnny Dangerously\" (1984), and \"Beetlejuice\" (1988). He earned further acclaim for his dramatic portrayal of the title character in Tim Burton's \"Batman\" (1989) and \"Batman Returns\" (1992). He is also known for playing The Vulture in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, beginning with \"\" (2017) and in the", "title": "Michael Keaton" }, { "id": "1785396", "text": "Michael Keaton Michael John Douglas (born September 5, 1951), known professionally as Michael Keaton, is an American actor, producer, and director. He first rose to fame for his roles on the CBS sitcoms \"All's Fair\" and \"The Mary Tyler Moore Hour\" and his comedic film roles in \"Night Shift\" (1982), \"Mr. Mom\" (1983), \"Johnny Dangerously\" (1984), and \"Beetlejuice\" (1988). He earned further acclaim for his dramatic portrayal of the title character in Tim Burton's \"Batman\" (1989) and \"Batman Returns\" (1992). He is also known for playing The Vulture in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, beginning with \"\" (2017) and in the", "title": "Michael Keaton" }, { "id": "4174632", "text": "Mariah Carey (album) Mariah Carey is the debut studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey, released on June 12, 1990 by Columbia Records. Its music incorporates a range of contemporary genres with a mix of slow ballads and up-tempo tracks. Originally, Carey wrote four songs with Ben Margulies, which solely constituted her demo tape. After Carey was signed to Columbia, all four songs, after being altered and partially re-recorded, made the final cut for the album. Aside from Margulies, Carey worked with a range of professional writers and producers, all of whom were hired by Columbia CEO, Tommy", "title": "Mariah Carey (album)" }, { "id": "20198480", "text": "Angel (Lionel Richie song) \"Angel\" is a song by American singer Lionel Richie. It was written by Richie, Paul Barry, and Mark Taylor for his sixth studio album \"Renaissance\" (2000), while production was helmed by Brian Rawling and Taylor. Island Def Jam released \"Angel\" as the album's lead single in fall 2000. Richie's highest-charting success in years, it reached the top ten in Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, and on the US \"Billboard\" Adult Contemporary chart, while peaking at number 18 on the UK Singles Chart. An accompanying music video for \"Angel\" was filmed by German directors Wolf Gresenz und Bernard", "title": "Angel (Lionel Richie song)" }, { "id": "16902174", "text": "The Gecko brothers briefly appear in a photo cameo in the black comedy \"Curdled\". In additional, Katie Houge, news reporter from the first film, appears, again portrayed by Kelly Preston. In late 2013, it was reported that a parallel universe had begun production. This incarnation of Richie will be played by Zane Holtz. Mixing ideas from the original first and third films, the show pits the humans, led by Seth, who will be played by D.J. Cotrona against the vampires, led by the wicked Santanico Pandemonium, played by Eiza Gonzalez and Sheriff McGraw, played by Don Johnson. This series stars", "title": "From Dusk till Dawn (franchise)" }, { "id": "16620183", "text": "Moonshine River \"Moonshine River\" is the first episode of \"The Simpsons\" twenty-fourth season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 30, 2012. In the UK and Ireland, the episode aired on Sky 1 on March 24, 2013, with 1,295,000 viewers, making it the second most watched program that week. The episode has ten guest stars, Ken Burns, Zooey Deschanel, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Anne Hathaway, Maurice LaMarche, Don Pardo, Natalie Portman, Kevin Michael Richardson, Al Roker and Sarah Silverman. Deschanel, Gellar, Hathaway, Portman and Silverman reprise their roles as Bart's previous love interests, Mary Spuckler", "title": "Moonshine River" }, { "id": "12960048", "text": "The Jean Arthur Show The Jean Arthur Show is an American situation comedy that aired on CBS from September to December 1966. The series stars Jean Arthur and Ron Harper, and was under the primary sponsorship of General Foods. Arthur and Ron Harper star as Patricia and Paul Marshall, a mother-son team of lawyers in Los Angeles. Richard Conte appeared as Richie Wells, a former gangster romantically interested in Patricia, who is ten years his senior. Leonard Stone appeared as Morton, the Marshalls' chauffeur. Notable guest stars include: Mickey Rooney, Clint Howard, Olan Soule, Michael Constantine, Dick Wilson, and Ray", "title": "The Jean Arthur Show" }, { "id": "339060", "text": "was an immediate hit, with the film receiving a positive response from critics. The dialogue-driven heist movie set the tone for Tarantino's later films. Tarantino wrote the script for the film in three-and-a-half weeks and Bender forwarded it to director Monte Hellman. Hellman helped Tarantino to secure funding from Richard Gladstein at Live Entertainment (which later became Artisan, now known as Lionsgate). Harvey Keitel read the script and also contributed to the funding, taking a role as co-producer and also playing a major part in the movie. Also in 1992, he played an asylum attendant in Jeff Burr's \"Eddie Presley\"", "title": "Quentin Tarantino" }, { "id": "5053648", "text": "with Jay Leno\", and \"Hey Hey It's Saturday\" during its original chart run. Additionally, Carey performed it on several live telethons and specials, such as \"Pavarotti and Friends\" and \"Michael Jackson & Friends\" in 1999, \"\" in 2001, Live 8 in 2005, and the inaugural ball for Barack Obama in 2009. Additionally, the song was featured on the set-lists of all of Carey's tours, usually serving as the encore or closing number, and making its debut during the album's accompanying set of concerts, the Music Box Tour. The song was included on several of Carey's compilation albums, \"#1's\" (1998), \"Greatest", "title": "Hero (Mariah Carey song)" }, { "id": "10477636", "text": "on the song was his first outside the Commodores and foreshadowed his success as a solo act during the 1980s. Rogers was also a featured vocalist on \"We Are the World\", co-written by Richie. Richie performed the song himself on his 1998 album, \"Time\", and he and Rogers performed the song as a duet on Richie's 2012 release \"Tuskegee\". Lionel Richie had originally pitched this song to the Commodores and they turned it down. Then later, it was given to Kenny Rogers to record and it became the biggest selling hit single for him as a solo artist. Since his", "title": "Lady (Kenny Rogers song)" }, { "id": "5053686", "text": "\"Charmbracelet\" (2002), during Michael Jordan's final NBA All-Star Game in 2003 Following the medley, she included \"Hero\" onto the short set-list, followed by Jordan's final game. On July 2, 2005, a benefit concert was held in Hyde Park, London titled Live 8. The televised event was watched by over 9.6 million British citizens, and held a live audience of over 200,000. Carey performed a three-song set-list, opening with \"Make It Happen\" and \"Hero\", which featured a live choir of African children, and followed by \"We Belong Together\", accompanied by actors Chris Barrie, Judy Flynn, Mike Burns and Julia St. John.", "title": "Hero (Mariah Carey song)" }, { "id": "9822887", "text": "The First Deadly Sin The First Deadly Sin is a 1980 American crime mystery thriller film produced by and starring Frank Sinatra. The film also features Faye Dunaway, David Dukes, Brenda Vaccaro, James Whitmore, and Martin Gabel in his final role. The movie is based on the 1973 novel of the same name written by Lawrence Sanders. The screenplay was written by Mann Rubin. The film was originally slated to be directed by Roman Polanski, who was dropped by Columbia Pictures after statutory rape charges were brought against him. Director Brian G. Hutton took over the production after Polanski fled", "title": "The First Deadly Sin" }, { "id": "11019310", "text": "William Powell William Horatio Powell (July 29, 1892 – March 5, 1984) was an American actor. A major star at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, he was paired with Myrna Loy in 14 films, including the \"Thin Man\" series based on the Nick and Nora Charles characters created by Dashiell Hammett. Powell was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor three times: for \"The Thin Man\" (1934), \"My Man Godfrey\" (1936), and \"Life with Father\" (1947). An only child, Powell was born in Pittsburgh to Nettie Manila (née Brady) and Horatio Warren Powell, on July 29, 1892. In 1907, he moved with his", "title": "William Powell" }, { "id": "6000465", "text": "Endless Love (song) \"Endless Love\" is a song written by Lionel Richie and originally recorded as a duet between Richie and fellow pop singer Diana Ross. In this ballad, the singers declare their \"endless love\" for one another. It was covered by R&B singer Luther Vandross with pop singer Mariah Carey and also by country music singer Shania Twain. Richie's friend (and sometimes co-worker) Kenny Rogers has also recorded the song. \"Billboard\" has named the original version as the greatest song duet of all-time. Ross and Richie recorded the song for Motown, and it was used as the theme for", "title": "Endless Love (song)" }, { "id": "19572684", "text": "Richie (film) Richie (formerly titled as Santa Maria and Avargal) is a 2017 Indian Tamil/Malayalam neo-noir crime film directed by Gautham Ramachandran and written by Rakshit Shetty. It is a remake of the 2014 Kannada film \"Ulidavaru Kandanthe\", and stars Nivin Pauly in the title role, with Natarajan Subramaniam, Shraddha Srinath, and Lakshmi Priyaa Chandramouli in supporting roles. The film began production in June 2016. \"Richie\" was released in India on 8 December 2017. The film opens on Boxing Day with Megha (Shraddha Srinath), a news reporter from Chennai, writing a story about the mysterious death of Richie (Nivin Pauly),", "title": "Richie (film)" }, { "id": "19316623", "text": "Meghan Strange Meghan Strange is an American actress and voice actress. She is best known for her roles as Ruby from \"The Land Before Time\" television series and Robin from \"Sofia the First\". She also voiced the character Harley Quinn on \"\" and has appeared in a number of short films and children's TV shows. Strange began her acting career as a member of a chorus line in the 1994 Woody Allen film \"Bullets Over Broadway\". She would later make an appearance as the character Marcy on a January 1999 episode of the soap opera \"As the World Turns\", as", "title": "Meghan Strange" }, { "id": "75465", "text": "band, left to serve active duty in Vietnam, and was later replaced by Walter \"Clyde\" Orange, who wrote, or co-wrote, many of their hit tunes. Lionel Richie and Orange alternated as lead singers. (Orange was the lead singer on the Top 10 hits \"Brick House\" and \"Nightshift\".) The early band was managed by Benny Ashburn, who brought them to his family's vacation lodge on Martha's Vineyard in 1971 and 1972. There, Ashburn test marketed the group by having them play at outdoor spaces such as parking lots and summer festivals. The Commodores made a brief appearance in the 1978 film", "title": "Commodores" }, { "id": "9385945", "text": "and Bess\", and again in the 1993 television adaptation of that production. In addition to Evans and other noted performers, this British production of Gershwin's 'American folk opera' featured the Glyndebourne Chorus and the London Philharmonic, both conducted by Sir Simon Rattle. Evans played Sportin' Life, a role originated by John W. Bubbles and originally written for famed 1920s and 1930s jazz bandleader and singer Cab Calloway. Damon Evans (actor) Damon Evans (born November 24, 1949) is an American actor, born in Baltimore, Maryland, best known as the second of two actors who portrayed Lionel Jefferson on the CBS sitcom", "title": "Damon Evans (actor)" }, { "id": "3051224", "text": "later become a protegé of Dupri, with her sophomore album, \"The Boy Is Mine\", dropping in July of that year. Dupri produced the single of the album \"The First Night\", which peaked atop the U.S. \"Billboard\" charts, with the album receiving the triple platinum certification and universal acclaim. In 1998, Jermaine Dupri was involved in the release of Destiny's Child's eponymous debut album. Dupri renewed the focus on his own music career, which proved successful with release of the singles \"Sweetheart\" featuring Mariah Carey (U.S.#126), \"The Party Continues\" featuring Da Brat and Usher (U.S. #26), and \"Money Ain't a Thang\"", "title": "Jermaine Dupri" }, { "id": "5053696", "text": "school in Barbados when she was 15. Soon after, she was signed by Jay-Z to Def Jam. \"The X Factor\" winner Melanie Amaro performed the song during the first season of the show, as a song chosen for her by the public. In 2013, Dami Im recorded a version for her album Dami Im. The album was #1 in Australia. Credits adapted from the \"Music Box\" liner notes. \"Hero\" was recorded at The Plant Studios, Sausalito, California and The Record Plant, Los Angeles. Vocals were mixed at Right Track Studios, New York. The twelve finalists from the fifth series of", "title": "Hero (Mariah Carey song)" }, { "id": "18424392", "text": "Eunice (film) Eunice is a 1982 American made-for-television comedy-drama film starring Carol Burnett, Harvey Korman, Vicki Lawrence, Ken Berry and Betty White which is based on characters of a recurring series of comedy sketches called \"The Family\" featured on \"The Carol Burnett Show\" (1974–78) and \"Carol Burnett & Company\" (1979). The film was broadcast as a \"CBS Special Presentation\" on March 15, 1982 and served as a precursor to the spin-off television sitcom \"Mama's Family\". It was directed by Roger Beatty and Harvey Korman. \"Eunice\" is divided into four acts, spanning 23 years in the life of Eunice Harper Higgins:", "title": "Eunice (film)" }, { "id": "19485813", "text": "McAvoy and Bill Hader entered negotiations to play the adult Bill Denbrough and Richie Tozier. In May 2018, James Ransone revealed on Twitter that he would play the adult Eddie Kaspbrak. Shortly afterwards, Andy Bean and Jay Ryan had joined the cast to play the adult Stanley Uris and Ben Hanscom respectively. In June 2018, Isaiah Mustafa signed on to play the adult Mike Hanlon. McAvoy revealed on his Instagram account that filming had officially begun on June 19, 2018. It (2017 film) It (also known as It: Chapter One) is a 2017 American supernatural horror film directed by Andy", "title": "It (2017 film)" }, { "id": "1938490", "text": "of the characters were played by Brandon Crane (Ben), Seth Green (Richie), Ben Heller (Stan), Marlon Taylor (Mike), Emily Perkins (Beverly), Jonathan Brandis (Bill), Adam Faraizl (Eddie), and Jarred Blancard (Henry). The miniseries was directed by Tommy Lee Wallace and scripted by Wallace and Lawrence D. Cohen. The first of a two-part feature film adaptation, \"It\", was released on September 8, 2017. It is directed by Andy Muschietti, with a screenplay by Chase Palmer, Cary Fukunaga and Gary Dauberman. Instead of a dual narrative, the first film is solely an adaptation of the section that features the characters as children,", "title": "It (novel)" }, { "id": "2120648", "text": "David Ogden Stiers David Allen Ogden Stiers ( ; October 31, 1942March 3, 2018) was an American actor, voice actor, and conductor. Born in Peoria, Illinois, Stiers was primarily raised in Oregon. He attended the University of Oregon before enrolling at the Juilliard School in New York City, from where he graduated in 1972. He went on to appear in numerous productions on Broadway, and originated the role of Feldman in \"The Magic Show\", in which he appeared for four years between 1974 and 1978. In 1977, he was cast as Major Charles Emerson Winchester III on the television series", "title": "David Ogden Stiers" }, { "id": "12323703", "text": "Drew Carey Drew Allison Carey (born May 23, 1958) is an American actor, comedian, sports executive, and game show host. After serving in the U.S. Marine Corps and making a name for himself in stand-up comedy, Carey eventually gained popularity starring in his own sitcom, \"The Drew Carey Show\", and serving as host of the U.S. version of the improv comedy show \"Whose Line Is It Anyway?\", both of which aired on ABC. Drew Carey has appeared in several films, television series, music videos, a made-for-television film, and a computer game. He has hosted the game show \"The Price Is", "title": "Drew Carey" }, { "id": "7969264", "text": "Odd Couple\", Shyer transitioned into feature films and received his first writing credit on \"Smokey and the Bandit\" (1977), starring Burt Reynolds. The following year, Shyer co-wrote \"Goin' South,\" directed by and starring Jack Nicholson, and received his first Writers Guild of America nomination for Best Screenplay for the Walter Matthau/Glenda Jackson film \"House Calls\" (1978). In 1979, Shyer teamed up with Nancy Meyers and Harvey Miller to write and produce \"Private Benjamin,\" starring Goldie Hawn in the Oscar-nominated lead role of Private Judy Benjamin. Contrary to the conventional wisdom at the time, that a female lead with no male", "title": "Charles Shyer" }, { "id": "260705", "text": "the head of Columbia Records, Tommy Mottola, who listened to it on his way back home. After the first two songs, he was interested in her; later, after searching for Carey for two weeks, he immediately signed her and began mapping out her commercial debut. While she maintained that she wanted to continue working with Margulies, Mottola enlisted top producers of the time, including Ric Wake, Narada Michael Walden and Rhett Lawrence. Mottola and the staff at Columbia had planned to market Carey as their main female pop artist, competing with Whitney Houston and Madonna (signed to Arista and Sire", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "1461638", "text": "East Campus. A star tennis player in Joliet, he accepted a tennis scholarship to attend Tuskegee Institute, and dropped out of Tuskegee Institute after his sophomore year. Richie seriously considered studying divinity to become a priest in the Episcopal Church, but ultimately decided he was not \"priest material\" and decided to continue his musical career. He is a member of Kappa Kappa Psi, a national honor fraternity for band members, and an active life member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. As a student in Tuskegee, Richie formed a succession of R&B groups in the mid-1960s. In 1968, he became a", "title": "Lionel Richie" }, { "id": "427546", "text": "and the changes made by the new director, Michael Keaton resigned from the lead role and was replaced by Val Kilmer. Filming began in late 1994 with new actors: Tommy Lee Jones as Harvey Dent/Two-Face, Nicole Kidman as Dr. Chase Meridian, Chris O'Donnell as Dick Grayson/Robin and Jim Carrey as Edward Nygma/ The Riddler; the only two actors who returned were Pat Hingle as Commissioner Gordon and Michael Gough as Alfred Pennyworth. The film, a combination of the darkness that characterized the saga and colors and neon signs proposed by Schumacher, was a huge box office success, earning $336 million,", "title": "Tim Burton" }, { "id": "7238200", "text": "Toy Aliens and Wheezy respectively. Woody is voiced by Jim Hanks, the younger brother of his original voice actor Tom Hanks (as Tom was too busy working on \"Cast Away\"), and Hamm is voiced by Andrew Stanton instead of John Ratzenberger. Originally, Patrick Warburton, (the TV series voice for Buzz), voiced Buzz for the film, but when it was released to video, his lines were redubbed by Allen. Slinky Dog makes a silent cameo due to Jim Varney's death on February 10, 2000. When the movie was later edited into three episodes of the television show, the opening \"Andy's Room\"", "title": "Buzz Lightyear of Star Command: The Adventure Begins" }, { "id": "17754561", "text": "of snappy one-liners but it gives the impression of trying a little too hard. To be fair, this is the first of a series, and we have yet to see the characters develop. Even \"Seinfeld\" took a little time to become essential viewing.\" Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) \"Pilot\" is the first episode and the series premiere of the American sitcom \"The Drew Carey Show\". It first aired on September 13, 1995 on the ABC network in the United States. The premise of the show revolves around the life Drew Carey would have lived if he had not become a", "title": "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show)" }, { "id": "11468008", "text": "one of their first lead roles on screen to Olga Kurylenko, Leïla Bekhti and Aïssa Maïga, and to produce the first short films of the Coen brothers. Following \"Paris, je t'aime\", \"New York, I Love You\" is the second episode of the \"Cities of Love\" series. Directors of the segments include Jiang Wen, Mira Nair, Shunji Iwai, Yvan Attal, Brett Ratner, Allen Hughes, Shekhar Kapur, Natalie Portman, Fatih Akın, Joshua Marston and Randy Balsmeyer. The film stars Bradley Cooper, Justin Bartha, Andy García, Hayden Christensen, Rachel Bilson, Natalie Portman, Irrfan Khan, Emilie Ohana, Orlando Bloom, Christina Ricci, Maggie Q, Ethan", "title": "Emmanuel Benbihy" }, { "id": "3201617", "text": "Aid, which ended with more than 100 musicians singing the song on stage. Harry Belafonte and Lionel Richie made surprise appearances for the live rendition of the song. Michael Jackson would have joined the artists, but was \"working around the clock in the studio on a project that he's made a major commitment to\", according to his press agent, Norman Winter. An inaugural celebration was held for US President-elect Bill Clinton in January 1993. The event was staged by Clinton's Hollywood friends at the Lincoln Memorial and drew hundreds of thousands of people. Aretha Franklin, LL Cool J, Michael Bolton", "title": "We Are the World" }, { "id": "19768234", "text": "Kiff VandenHeuvel Kiff VandenHeuvel (born Christopher Jon VandenHeuvel; April 24, 1970) is an American actor, director and teacher of both improvisational comedy and voiceover. He is the host of the award nominated voiceover podcast, All Over Voiceover with Kiff VH. His film credits include \"\", \"Nightcrawler\", \"La La Land\", and \"Behind the Candelabra\", as Liberace's (Michael Douglas)'s half-brother, Wayne. He is best known for his work in \"BioShock Infinite\" as Zachary Hale Comstock, Skavak in \"\", Walter in Telltale's \"The Walking Dead\" and as Cliff Rich on the Netflix series, \"Richie Rich\". Kiff was the oldest of five boys in", "title": "Kiff VandenHeuvel" }, { "id": "260699", "text": "to New York. Patricia was an occasional opera singer and vocal coach before she met Alfred in 1960. As he began earning a living as an aeronautical engineer, the couple wed later that year, and moved into a small suburb in New York. After their elopement, Patricia's family disowned her for marrying a black man. Carey later explained that growing up, she felt neglected by her maternal family, which greatly affected her. During the years between the births of Carey's older sister Alison and herself, the Carey family struggled within the community due to their ethnicity. Carey's name was derived", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "5370900", "text": "occurred in or before 1950, or whose screen debut occurred after 1950, but whose death has marked a completed body of work. The top stars of their respective gender are Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn. They starred together in the classic adventure 1951 film \"The African Queen\", for which Bogart won his only Academy Award. AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars Part of the AFI 100 Years... series, AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars is a list of the top 25 male and 25 female greatest screen legends of American film history. The list was unveiled by the American Film Institute on June 15,", "title": "AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars" }, { "id": "260695", "text": "\"Emotions\". Following her marriage to Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey became the label's highest-selling act with the follow-up albums \"Music Box\" (1993), \"Merry Christmas\" (1994), and \"Daydream\" (1995). These albums spawned some of Carey's most successful singles, including \"Hero\", \"Without You\", \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\", and \"One Sweet Day\"; the latter became the longest-running U.S. number-one single in history, with a total of 16 weeks. After separating from Mottola, Carey adopted a new image and incorporated more elements of hip hop into her music with the release of \"Butterfly\" (1997). \"Billboard\" named her the most successful", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "1390680", "text": "Ben Affleck Benjamin Géza Affleck-Boldt (born August 15, 1972) is an American actor and filmmaker. His accolades include two Academy Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, two BAFTA Awards, and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. He began his career as a child and starred in the PBS educational series \"The Voyage of the Mimi\" in 1984, before a second run in 1988. He later appeared in the independent coming-of-age comedy \"Dazed and Confused\" (1993) and various Kevin Smith films, including \"Chasing Amy\" (1997) and \"Dogma\" (1999). Affleck gained wider recognition when he and childhood friend Matt Damon won the Golden Globe", "title": "Ben Affleck" }, { "id": "17878883", "text": "Michael Yarmush Michael Lawrence Yarmush (born June 19, 1982) is an American-Canadian television, film and voice actor. He was the original voice of Arthur Read for the first five seasons of the TV series, and Arthur's Perfect Christmas. Since the deepening of his voice, Yarmush now provides the voice of Tough Customer member Slink. He is considered by many to be the best voice actor for Arthur, as he provided an original, unique vocal delivery. He was born in Miami, Florida. His parents are Daniel Yarmush and Diane Yarmush. In 2007, he became a voice actor in the animated series", "title": "Michael Yarmush" }, { "id": "4611156", "text": "play the Appalachian dulcimer, which was to become a feature of her musical output in the following years. Her dulcimer skills were first showcased on \"Blue\" and in particular the original recording of \"Carey\", which also features Stephen Stills (of Crosby, Stills & Nash) on bass and acoustic guitar. \"Carey\" was released as a single, debuting at number 93 on the \"Billboard\" Chart on 4 September 1971 and lasting just one week; nevertheless, it remains one of Mitchell's most enduring and popular songs. \"Carey\" appears on two Joni Mitchell greatest hits albums - \"Hits\" (1996) and \"Dreamland: The Very Best", "title": "Carey (song)" }, { "id": "12401964", "text": "That Chick\" on \"The Hills\" season premiere party, the 2008 Fashion Rocks, \"Canadian Idol\", and included it on the set-list of her eighth concert tour, The Elusive Chanteuse Show (2014), as also first co-headlining tour with Lionel Richie, All The Hits Tour (2017). It peaked at number 82 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. \"I'm That Chick\" was written by Mariah Carey, Johntá Austin and production duo Stargate (Mikkel S. Eriksen and Tor E. Hermansen) for Carey's eleventh studio album, \"E=MC²\" (2008). It was produced by Carey for Maroon Entertainment and by Stargate on behalf of Delirious Blacksmith", "title": "I'm That Chick" }, { "id": "3728192", "text": "Diana Canova Diana Canova (born June 1, 1953) is an American actress, director, and professor. Canova was born Diane Canova Rivero in West Palm Beach, Florida, to actress and singer Judy Canova and Cuban musician Filberto Rivero. She was raised in the Greater Los Angeles Area, where she graduated from Hollywood High School. Canova later studied acting at Los Angeles City College. Canova made her television acting debut in a 1974 episode of \"Happy Days\" portraying Richie's date who is taller than he. She later guest-starred on episodes of \"Chico and the Man\" and \"Starsky and Hutch\" and appeared in", "title": "Diana Canova" } ]	who plays first lionel richie or mariah carey
[ "1842" ]	[ { "id": "148522", "text": "Electric Company (GE), further modified the original fuel cell design by using a sulphonated polystyrene ion-exchange membrane as the electrolyte. Three years later another GE chemist, Leonard Niedrach, devised a way of depositing platinum onto the membrane, which served as catalyst for the necessary hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions. This became known as the \"Grubb-Niedrach fuel cell\". GE went on to develop this technology with NASA and McDonnell Aircraft, leading to its use during Project Gemini. This was the first commercial use of a fuel cell. In 1959, a team led by Harry Ihrig built a 15 kW fuel", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "148523", "text": "cell tractor for Allis-Chalmers, which was demonstrated across the U.S. at state fairs. This system used potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte and compressed hydrogen and oxygen as the reactants. Later in 1959, Bacon and his colleagues demonstrated a practical five-kilowatt unit capable of powering a welding machine. In the 1960s, Pratt and Whitney licensed Bacon's U.S. patents for use in the U.S. space program to supply electricity and drinking water (hydrogen and oxygen being readily available from the spacecraft tanks). In 1991, the first hydrogen fuel cell automobile was developed by Roger Billings. UTC Power was the first company to", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "4229310", "text": "reformed natural gas. Transporting and storing hydrogen may also create pollutants. Fuel cells have been used in various kinds of vehicles including forklifts, especially in indoor applications where their clean emissions are important to air quality, and in space applications. The first commercially produced hydrogen fuel cell automobile, the Hyundai Tucson FCEV, was introduced in 2013, Toyota Mirai followed in 2015 and then Honda entered the market. Fuel cells are also being developed and tested in trucks, buses, boats, motorcycles and bicycles, among other kinds of vehicles. As of 2017, there was limited hydrogen infrastructure, with 36 hydrogen fueling stations", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "148520", "text": "captured in a cogeneration scheme, efficiencies up to 85% can be obtained. The fuel cell market is growing, and in 2013 Pike Research estimated that the stationary fuel cell market will reach 50 GW by 2020. The first references to hydrogen fuel cells appeared in 1838. In a letter dated October 1838 but published in the December 1838 edition of \"The London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science\", Welsh physicist and barrister William Grove wrote about the development of his first crude fuel cells. He used a combination of sheet iron, copper and porcelain plates, and a solution", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "4229315", "text": "the 1990s, automobile manufacturers were interested in fuel cell applications, and demonstration vehicles were readied. In 2001, the first 700 Bar (10000 PSI) hydrogen tanks were demonstrated, reducing the size of the fuel tanks that could be used in vehicles and extending the range. There are fuel cell vehicles for all modes of transport. The most prevalent fuel cell vehicles are cars, buses, forklifts and material handling vehicles. The Honda FCX Clarity concept car was introduced in 2008 for leasing by customers in Japan and Southern California and discontinued by 2015. From 2008 to 2014, Honda leased a total of", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "15318877", "text": "and hydrogen production stations as mentioned earlier in this article. United States hydrogen policy The principle of a fuel cell was discovered by Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1838, and the first fuel cell was constructed by Sir William Robert Grove in 1839. The fuel cells made at this time were most similar to today's phosphoric acid fuel cells. Most hydrogen fuel cells today are of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) type. A PEM converts the chemical energy released during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 was the first national legislation", "title": "United States hydrogen policy" }, { "id": "1570838", "text": "in August 2007, using a large compressed oxygen tank to increase power. , there are 3 hydrogen cars publicly available in select markets: the Toyota Mirai, the Hyundai Nexo, and the Honda Clarity. In 2013 the Hyundai Tucson FCEV was the first commercially mass-produced hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in the world. It could run in the range of nearly 600km. Hyundai Nexo succeeded it in 2018. Toyota launched its first production fuel cell vehicle (FCV), the Mirai, in Japan at the end of 2014 and began sales in California, mainly the Los Angeles area, in 2015. The car has a", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "148521", "text": "of sulphate of copper and dilute acid. In a letter to the same publication written in December 1838 but published in June 1839, German physicist Christian Friedrich Schönbein discussed the first crude fuel cell that he had invented. His letter discussed current generated from hydrogen and oxygen dissolved in water. Grove later sketched his design, in 1842, in the same journal. The fuel cell he made used similar materials to today's phosphoric-acid fuel cell. In 1939, British engineer Francis Thomas Bacon successfully developed a 5 kW stationary fuel cell. In 1955, W. Thomas Grubb, a chemist working for the General", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "15318841", "text": "United States hydrogen policy The principle of a fuel cell was discovered by Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1838, and the first fuel cell was constructed by Sir William Robert Grove in 1839. The fuel cells made at this time were most similar to today's phosphoric acid fuel cells. Most hydrogen fuel cells today are of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) type. A PEM converts the chemical energy released during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 was the first national legislation that called for large-scale hydrogen research. A five-year program was", "title": "United States hydrogen policy" }, { "id": "148517", "text": "came more than a century later in NASA space programs to generate power for satellites and space capsules. Since then, fuel cells have been used in many other applications. Fuel cells are used for primary and backup power for commercial, industrial and residential buildings and in remote or inaccessible areas. They are also used to power fuel cell vehicles, including forklifts, automobiles, buses, boats, motorcycles and submarines. There are many types of fuel cells, but they all consist of an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte that allows positively charged hydrogen ions (protons) to move between the two sides of", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "3885394", "text": "Hydrogen fuel Hydrogen fuel is a zero-emission fuel when burned with oxygen. It can be used in electrochemical cells or internal combustion engines to power vehicles or electric devices. It has begun to be used in commercial fuel cell vehicles such as passenger cars, and has been used in fuel cell buses for many years. It is also used as a fuel for the propulsion of spacecraft. Hydrogen is found in the first group and first period in the periodic table, i.e. it is the first element on the periodic table, making it the lightest element. Since hydrogen gas is", "title": "Hydrogen fuel" }, { "id": "4229312", "text": "of fuel cells include polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells, direct methanol fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, reformed methanol fuel cell and Regenerative Fuel Cells. The concept of the fuel cell was first demonstrated by Humphry Davy in 1801, but the invention of the first working fuel cell is credited to William Grove, a chemist, lawyer, and physicist. Grove's experiments with what he called a \"gas voltaic battery\" proved in 1842 that an electric current could be produced by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen over a platinum catalyst. English", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "6926177", "text": "over a long period of time. William Grove produced the first fuel cell in 1839. He based his experiment on the fact that sending an electric current through water splits the water into its component parts of hydrogen and oxygen. So, Grove tried reversing the reaction—combining hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity and water. Eventually the term \"fuel cell\" was coined in 1889 by Ludwig Mond and Charles Langer, who attempted to build the first practical device using air and industrial coal gas. He also introduced a powerful battery at the annual meeting of the British Association for the Advancement", "title": "History of electrochemistry" }, { "id": "148516", "text": "Fuel cell A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen fuel with oxygen or another oxidizing agent. Fuel cells are different from batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air) to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a battery the chemical energy comes from chemicals already present in the battery. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously for as long as fuel and oxygen are supplied. The first fuel cells were invented in 1838. The first commercial use of fuel cells", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "148524", "text": "manufacture and commercialize a large, stationary fuel cell system for use as a co-generation power plant in hospitals, universities and large office buildings. In recognition of the fuel cell industry and America’s role in fuel cell development, the US Senate recognized 8 October 2015 as National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Day, passing S. RES 217. The date was chosen in recognition of the atomic weight of hydrogen (1.008). Fuel cells come in many varieties; however, they all work in the same general manner. They are made up of three adjacent segments: the anode, the electrolyte, and the cathode. Two chemical", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "12810475", "text": "Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle A hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle (HICEV) is a type of hydrogen vehicle using an internal combustion engine. Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles are different from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (which use electrochemical conversion of hydrogen rather than combustion); the hydrogen internal combustion engine is simply a modified version of the traditional gasoline-powered internal combustion engine. Francois Isaac de Rivaz designed in 1806 the De Rivaz engine, the first internal combustion engine, which ran on a hydrogen/oxygen mixture. Étienne Lenoir produced the Hippomobile in 1863. Paul Dieges patented in 1970 a modification to internal combustion", "title": "Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle" }, { "id": "3885404", "text": "is not exposed to high taxes at the pump. Fuel cell engines are two to three times more efficient than combustion engines, meaning that much greater fuel economy is available using hydrogen in a fuel cell. Hydrogen fuel Hydrogen fuel is a zero-emission fuel when burned with oxygen. It can be used in electrochemical cells or internal combustion engines to power vehicles or electric devices. It has begun to be used in commercial fuel cell vehicles such as passenger cars, and has been used in fuel cell buses for many years. It is also used as a fuel for the", "title": "Hydrogen fuel" }, { "id": "4229331", "text": "public hydrogen fueling stations in July 2015. The German government hoped to increase this number to 50 by end of 2016, but only 30 were open in June 2017. \"Fuel cell vehicle\" is a classification in FC Hydrogen codes and standards and fuel cell codes and standards other main standards are Stationary fuel cell applications and Portable fuel cell applications. In 2003 US President George Bush proposed the Hydrogen Fuel Initiative (HFI). The HFI aimed to further develop hydrogen fuel cells and infrastructure technologies to accelerate the commercial introduction of fuel cell vehicles. By 2008, the U.S. had contributed 1", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "148562", "text": "if you drive a full sized SUV and pull a boat up into the mountains, you can do that with this technology and you can't with current battery-only vehicles, which are more geared toward city driving.\" In 2015, Toyota introduced its first fuel cell vehicle, the Mirai, at a price of $57,000. Hyundai introduced the limited production Hyundai ix35 FCEV under a lease agreement.. In 2016, Honda started leasing the Honda Clarity Fuel Cell. Some experts believe that hydrogen fuel cell cars will never become economically competitive with other technologies or that it will take decades for them to become", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "4229313", "text": "engineer Francis Thomas Bacon expanded on Grove's work, creating and demonstrating various Alkaline fuel cells from 1939 to 1959.. The first modern fuel cell vehicle was a modified Allis-Chalmers farm tractor, fitted with a 15 kilowatt fuel cell, around 1959. The Cold War Space Race drove further development of fuel cell technology. Project Gemini tested fuel cells to provide electrical power during manned space missions. Fuel cell development continued with the Apollo Program. The electrical power systems in the Apollo capsules and lunar modules used alkali fuel cells. In 1966, General Motors developed the first fuel cell road vehicle, the", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "7980912", "text": "reactant at the anode of a hydrogen and air fuel cell. Though the cell functioned, it was unreliable owing to the unstable nature of hydrogen production by the micro-organisms. This issue was resolved by Suzuki et al. in 1976, who produced a successful MFC design a year later. In the late 1970s little was understood about how microbial fuel cells functioned. The idea was studied by Robin M. Allen and later by H. Peter Bennetto. People saw the fuel cell as a possible method for the generation of electricity for developing countries. Bennetto's work, starting in the early 1980s, helped", "title": "Microbial fuel cell" }, { "id": "3969338", "text": "Francis Thomas Bacon Francis Thomas Bacon OBE FREng FRS (21 December 1904 at Ramsden Hall, Billericay, Essex, England – 24 May 1992) was an English engineer who developed the first practical hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell. Bacon was a direct descendant of Francis Bacon and was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge. After Cambridge he became an apprentice with the Newcastle engineering firm owned by Sir Charles Parsons and was strongly influenced by him. The principle of the fuel cell had been demonstrated by Sir William Grove in 1839 and other investigators had experimented with various forms of fuel cell.", "title": "Francis Thomas Bacon" }, { "id": "4229314", "text": "Chevrolet Electrovan. It had a PEM fuel cell, a range of 120 miles and a top speed of 70 mph. There were only two seats, as the fuel cell stack and large tanks of hydrogen and oxygen took up the rear portion of the van. Only one was built, as the project was deemed cost-prohibitive. General Electric and others continued working on PEM fuel cells in the 1970s. Fuel cell stacks were still limited principally to space applications in the 1980s, including the Space Shuttle. However, the closure of the Apollo Program sent many industry experts to private companies. By", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "3874080", "text": "high cost could be tolerated. It was not until the late 1980s and early 1990s that fuel cells became a real option for wider application base. Several pivotal innovations, such as low platinum catalyst loading and thin film electrodes, drove the cost of fuel cells down, making development of PEMFC systems more realistic. However, there is significant debate as to whether hydrogen fuel cells will be a realistic technology for use in automobiles or other vehicles. (See hydrogen economy.) A large part of PEMFC production is for the Toyota Mirai. The US Department of Energy estimates a 2016 price at", "title": "Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell" }, { "id": "3874079", "text": "PEMFCs was Gemini V. However, the Apollo space missions and subsequent Apollo-Soyuz, Skylab and Space Shuttle missions used fuel cells based on Bacon's design, developed by Pratt and Whitney Aircraft. Extremely expensive materials were used and the fuel cells required very pure hydrogen and oxygen. Early fuel cells tended to require inconveniently high operating temperatures that were a problem in many applications. However, fuel cells were seen to be desirable due to the large amounts of fuel available (hydrogen and oxygen). Despite their success in space programs, fuel cell systems were limited to space missions and other special applications, where", "title": "Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell" }, { "id": "148533", "text": "(between 140 and 150 degrees Celsius for CsHSO), some solid acids undergo a phase transition to become highly disordered \"superprotonic\" structures, which increases conductivity by several orders of magnitude. The first proof-of-concept SAFCs were developed in 2000 using cesium hydrogen sulfate (CsHSO). Current SAFC systems use cesium dihydrogen phosphate (CsHPO) and have demonstrated lifetimes in the thousands of hours. The alkaline fuel cell or hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell was designed and first demonstrated publicly by Francis Thomas Bacon in 1959. It was used as a primary source of electrical energy in the Apollo space program. The cell consists of two porous", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "1570852", "text": "based on converted diesel internal combustion engines with direct injection. Hydrogen fuel cells are relatively expensive to produce, as their designs require rare substances such as platinum as a catalyst, In 2014, Toyota said it would introduce its Toyota Mirai in Japan for less than $70,000 in 2015. Former European Parliament President Pat Cox estimates that Toyota will initially lose about $100,000 on each Mirai sold. The problems in early fuel-cell designs at low temperatures concerning range and cold start capabilities have been addressed so that they \"cannot be seen as show-stoppers anymore\". Users in 2014 said that their fuel", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "4229311", "text": "for automobiles publicly available in the U.S., but more hydrogen stations are planned, particularly in California. Some public hydrogen fueling stations exist, and new stations are being planned, in Japan, Europe and elsewhere. Critics doubt whether hydrogen will be efficient or cost-effective for automobiles, as compared with other zero emission technologies. All fuel cells are made up of three parts: an electrolyte, an anode and a cathode. In principle, a hydrogen fuel cell functions like a battery, producing electricity, which can run an electric motor. Instead of requiring recharging, however, the fuel cell can be refilled with hydrogen. Different types", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "418841", "text": "the Japanese JC08 test cycle. Toyota said the car was planned for launch in about 2015. In August 2012, Toyota announced its plans to start retail sales of a hydrogen fuel-cell sedan in California in 2015. Toyota expects to become a leader in this technology. The prototype of its first hydrogen fuel cell vehicle will be exhibited at the November 2013 Tokyo Motor Show, and in the United States at the January 2014 Consumer Electronics Show. Toyota's first hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles to be sold commercially, the Toyota Mirai (Japanese for \"future\"), was unveiled at the November 2014 Los Angeles Auto", "title": "Toyota" }, { "id": "154719", "text": "an automotive battery laboratory in Michigan. GM will be responsible for battery management systems and power electronics, thermal management, as well as the pack assembly. An existing GM facility at Brownstown Township was chosen to be upgraded as battery pack plant. LG Chem's U.S. subsidiary, Compact Power of Troy, Michigan, has been building the prototype packs for the development vehicles and will continue to provide integration support and act as a liaison for the program. The 1966 GM Electrovan is credited with being the first hydrogen fuel cell car ever produced. Though fuel cells have been around since the early", "title": "General Motors" }, { "id": "4229319", "text": "the fueling infrastructure than a hydrogen infrastructure. The vehicle would include a tank holding a blend of water and ethanol, which is fed into an onboard reformer that splits it into hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The hydrogen is then fed into a solid oxide fuel cell. According to Nissan, the liquid fuel could be an ethanol-water blend at a 55:45 ratio. Nissan expects to commercialize its technology by 2020. There are also demonstration models of buses, and in 2011 there were over 100 fuel cell buses deployed around the world. Most of these buses were produced by UTC Power, Toyota,", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "11374215", "text": "Hydrogen tank A Hydrogen tank (other names- cartridge or canister) is used for hydrogen storage. The first type IV hydrogen tanks for compressed hydrogen at were demonstrated in 2001, the first fuel cell vehicles on the road with type IV tanks are the Toyota FCHV, Mercedes-Benz F-Cell and the GM HydroGen4. Various applications have allowed the development of different H2 storage scenarios. Recently, the Hy-Can consortium has introduced a small one liter, format. Horizon Fuel Cells is now selling a refillable metal hydride form factor for consumer use called HydroStik. In accordance with ISO/TS 15869 (revised): Actual Standard EC 79/2009", "title": "Hydrogen tank" }, { "id": "9322274", "text": "Toyota FCHV The Toyota FCHV is a current hybrid hydrogen fuel cell vehicle development programme of the Toyota Motor Corporation, which was leased to a limited number of drivers in the United States and Japan beginning in 2002. \"FCHV\" stands for \"Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle\". A number of prototypes have been produced, up to the latest FCHV-adv (\"advanced\"). There are currently five generations of the FCHV, beginning with preliminary prototypes FCHV-1 (1997) and FCHV-2 (1999). The FCHV-3 was presented at the \"International Symposium on Fuel-Cell Vehicles\" in March 2001 in Tokyo, and the FCHV-4 was the first production version, although", "title": "Toyota FCHV" }, { "id": "1570845", "text": "used for lifting and transporting materials. The first production HICE forklift truck based on the Linde X39 Diesel was presented at an exposition in Hannover on May 27, 2008. It used a 2.0 litre, diesel internal combustion engine converted to use hydrogen as a fuel with the use of a compressor and direct injection. A fuel cell forklift (also called a fuel cell lift truck) is a fuel cell powered industrial forklift truck. In 2013 there were over 4,000 fuel cell forklifts used in material handling in the US. The global market was estimated at 1 million fuel cell powered", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "148552", "text": "applications that require frequent and relatively rapid start-ups ... where zero emissions are a requirement, as in enclosed spaces such as warehouses, and where hydrogen is considered an acceptable reactant, a [PEM fuel cell] is becoming an increasingly attractive choice [if exchanging batteries is inconvenient]\". In 2013 military organizations are evaluating fuel cells to significantly reduce the battery weight carried by soldiers. Stationary fuel cells are used for commercial, industrial and residential primary and backup power generation. Fuel cells are very useful as power sources in remote locations, such as spacecraft, remote weather stations, large parks, communications centers, rural locations", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "4229309", "text": "Fuel cell vehicle A fuel cell vehicle (FCV) or fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) is a type of electric vehicle which uses a fuel cell, instead of a battery, or in combination with a battery or supercapacitor, to power its on-board electric motor. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity to power the motor, generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen. Most fuel cell vehicles are classified as zero-emissions vehicles that emit only water and heat. As compared with internal combustion vehicles, hydrogen vehicles centralize pollutants at the site of the hydrogen production, where hydrogen is typically derived from", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "148571", "text": "temperatures. The FC units are often designed as drop-in replacements. In 2005 a British manufacturer of hydrogen-powered fuel cells, Intelligent Energy (IE), produced the first working hydrogen run motorcycle called the ENV (Emission Neutral Vehicle). The motorcycle holds enough fuel to run for four hours, and to travel in an urban area, at a top speed of . In 2004 Honda developed a fuel-cell motorcycle that utilized the Honda FC Stack. Other examples of motorbikes and bicycles that use hydrogen fuel cells include the Taiwanese company APFCT's scooter using the fueling system from Italy's Acta SpA and the Suzuki Burgman", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "3874181", "text": "Alkaline fuel cell The alkaline fuel cell (AFC), also known as the \"Bacon\" fuel cell after its British inventor, Francis Thomas Bacon, is one of the most developed fuel cell technologies. NASA has used alkaline fuel cells since the mid-1960s, in Apollo-series missions and on the Space Shuttle. Alkaline fuel cells consume hydrogen and pure oxygen producing potable water, heat, and electricity. They are among the most efficient fuel cells, having the potential to reach 70%. The fuel cell produces power through a redox reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. At the anode, hydrogen is oxidized according to the reaction: formula_1", "title": "Alkaline fuel cell" }, { "id": "3836418", "text": "Stanley Meyer's water fuel cell The water fuel cell is a technical design of a \"perpetual motion machine\" created by American Stanley Allen Meyer (August 24, 1940 – March 20, 1998). Meyer claimed that an automobile retrofitted with the device could use water as fuel instead of gasoline. Meyer's claims about his \"Water Fuel Cell\" and the car that it powered were found to be fraudulent by an Ohio court in 1996. The water fuel cell purportedly split water into its component elements, hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen gas was then burned to generate energy, a process that reconstituted the", "title": "Stanley Meyer's water fuel cell" }, { "id": "9322280", "text": "to inspire the idea. Toyota FCHV The Toyota FCHV is a current hybrid hydrogen fuel cell vehicle development programme of the Toyota Motor Corporation, which was leased to a limited number of drivers in the United States and Japan beginning in 2002. \"FCHV\" stands for \"Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle\". A number of prototypes have been produced, up to the latest FCHV-adv (\"advanced\"). There are currently five generations of the FCHV, beginning with preliminary prototypes FCHV-1 (1997) and FCHV-2 (1999). The FCHV-3 was presented at the \"International Symposium on Fuel-Cell Vehicles\" in March 2001 in Tokyo, and the FCHV-4 was the", "title": "Toyota FCHV" }, { "id": "1570853", "text": "cell vehicles perform flawlessly in temperatures below zero, even with the heaters blasting, without significantly reducing range. Studies using neutron radiography on unassisted cold-start indicate ice formation in the cathode, three stages in cold start and Nafion ionic conductivity. A parameter, defined as coulomb of charge, was also defined to measure cold start capability. The service life of fuel cells is comparable to that of other vehicles. PEM service life is 7,300 hours under cycling conditions. Hydrogen does not exist in convenient reservoirs or deposits as do fossil fuels or helium and is produced from feedstocks such as natural gas", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "154720", "text": "1800s, General Motors was the first to use a fuel cell, supplied by Union Carbide, to power the wheels of a vehicle with a budget of \"millions of dollars\". In 2002, it was reported that GM spent about $100 million a year in research and development of fuel cell vehicle. In June 2007, Larry Burns, vice president of research and development, said he's not yet willing to say exactly when hydrogen vehicles would be mass-produced, but he said it should happen before 2020, the year many experts have predicted. He said \"I sure would be disappointed if we weren't there\"", "title": "General Motors" }, { "id": "9176747", "text": "the University of Wisconsin team for first place in the 1998 FutureCar Challenge (Launey 1998). That year HEVT also won awards for best consumer acceptability, best vehicle design inspection, best acceleration, best dynamic handling, best overall engineering design, and best solo autocross (ECE News 1998). During the 1999 FutureCar Challenge, HEVT's entry became the first vehicle during the competition series to operate as a functional hydrogen fuel cell vehicle; at the time the vehicle was considered to be one of only a handful of operable fuel cell vehicles in the world (Lypen 1999). The fuel cell used in the vehicle", "title": "HEVT" }, { "id": "19043530", "text": "to transfer between the anode and the cathode. As the hydrogen and oxygen combine, water is formed and drains from the cell. The fuel cell will continue to generate electricity as long as it is supplied with hydrogen and oxygen. There are multiple different kinds of fuel cells, including alkaline fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and solid oxide fuel cells. Hydrogen is an alternative fuel and is locked up in large quantities in water and other organic matter. Extracting hydrogen efficiently from these compounds can be difficult. Today, hydrogen in", "title": "Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Energy Association" }, { "id": "165358", "text": "an internal combustion engine powered by a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in 1806. Edward Daniel Clarke invented the hydrogen gas blowpipe in 1819. The Döbereiner's lamp and limelight were invented in 1823. The first hydrogen-filled balloon was invented by Jacques Charles in 1783. Hydrogen provided the lift for the first reliable form of air-travel following the 1852 invention of the first hydrogen-lifted airship by Henri Giffard. German count Ferdinand von Zeppelin promoted the idea of rigid airships lifted by hydrogen that later were called Zeppelins; the first of which had its maiden flight in 1900. Regularly scheduled flights started", "title": "Hydrogen" }, { "id": "19043531", "text": "the United States is produced through steam reforming or combining high-temperature steam with natural gas. Hydrogen can be used to power fuel cells in zero-emission electric vehicles. It has even been proved that a fuel cell is two to three more times efficient than an internal combustion engine running on gas. The first main problem is that hydrogen can be expensive to obtain in large quantities. Hydrogen gas stations are not yet a solution because it is difficult to store and distribute the element. A second issue is that fuel cells are expensive and building reliable, efficient, yet cheap fuel", "title": "Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Energy Association" }, { "id": "7980911", "text": "the anode. In the 21st century MFCs started to find a commercial use in wastewater treatment. The idea of using microbes to produce electricity was conceived in the early twentieth century. M. C. Potter initiated the subject in 1911. Potter managed to generate electricity from \"Saccharomyces cerevisiae\", but the work received little coverage. In 1931, Branet Cohen created microbial half fuel cells that, when connected in series, were capable of producing over 35 volts with only a current of 2 milliamps. A study by DelDuca et al. used hydrogen produced by the fermentation of glucose by \"Clostridium butyricum\" as the", "title": "Microbial fuel cell" }, { "id": "4229325", "text": "several fuel cell powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). A Horizon fuel cell UAV set the record distance flow for a small UAV in 2007. The military is especially interested in this application because of the low noise, low thermal signature and ability to attain high altitude. In 2009 the Naval Research Laboratory’s (NRL’s) Ion Tiger utilized a hydrogen-powered fuel cell and flew for 23 hours and 17 minutes. Boeing is completing tests on the Phantom Eye, a high-altitude, long endurance (HALE) to be used to conduct research and surveillance flying at for up to four days at a time. Fuel", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "125515", "text": "state his two laws of electrochemistry. In 1836, John Daniell invented a primary cell which solved the problem of polarization by eliminating hydrogen gas generation at the positive electrode. Later results revealed that alloying the amalgamated zinc with mercury would produce a higher voltage. William Grove produced the first fuel cell in 1839. In 1846, Wilhelm Weber developed the electrodynamometer. In 1868, Georges Leclanché patented a new cell which eventually became the forerunner to the world's first widely used battery, the zinc carbon cell. Svante Arrhenius published his thesis in 1884 on \"Recherches sur la conductibilité galvanique des électrolytes\" (Investigations", "title": "Electrochemistry" }, { "id": "9294102", "text": "Daimler AG, Honda, Hyundai and Toyota all confirmed plans to produce hydrogen fuel cell vehicles for sale by 2015, with some types planned to enter the showroom in 2013. From 2008 to 2014, Honda leased a total of 45 FCX units in the US. A small number of prototype hydrogen cars currently exist, and a significant amount of research is underway to make the technology more viable. The common internal combustion engine, usually fueled with gasoline (petrol) or diesel liquids, can be converted to run on gaseous hydrogen. However, the most efficient use of hydrogen involves the use of fuel", "title": "Alternative fuel vehicle" }, { "id": "1570840", "text": "a collaboration on hydrogen technology development. By 2017, however, Daimler had abandoned hydrogen vehicle development, and most of the automobile companies developing hydrogen cars had switched their focus to battery electric vehicles. Fuel-cell buses (as opposed to hydrogen fueled buses) are being trialed by several manufacturers in different locations, for example, Ursus Lublin. The Fuel Cell Bus Club is a global fuel cell bus testing collaboration. In March 2015, China South Rail Corporation (CSR) demonstrated the world's first hydrogen fuel cell-powered tramcar at an assembly facility in Qingdao. The chief engineer of the CSR subsidiary CSR Sifang Co Ltd., Liang", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "1570834", "text": "Hydrogen vehicle A hydrogen vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen as its onboard fuel for motive power. Hydrogen vehicles include hydrogen-fueled space rockets, as well as automobiles and other transportation vehicles. The power plants of such vehicles convert the chemical energy of hydrogen to mechanical energy either by burning hydrogen in an internal combustion engine, or, more commonly, by reacting hydrogen with oxygen in a fuel cell to run electric motors. Widespread use of hydrogen for fueling transportation is a key element of a proposed hydrogen economy. , there are three models of hydrogen cars publicly available in select", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "18124940", "text": "market launch before April 2015, with initial sales limited to regions where hydrogen refueling infrastructure is being developed. Toyota began fuel cell development in Japan in the early 1990s and has developed a series of fuel cell vehicles, subjecting them to more than of road testing. Since 2012, fuel cell test vehicles have logged thousands of miles on North American roads. This includes hot testing in Death Valley, cold testing in Yellowknife, Canada, steep grade hill climbs in San Francisco and high altitude trips in Colorado. The Toyota-designed carbon fiber hydrogen tanks have also undergone extreme testing to ensure their", "title": "Toyota Mirai" }, { "id": "4229330", "text": "36 publicly accessible hydrogen refueling stations in the US, 32 of which were located in California. In 2013, Governor Jerry Brown signed AB 8, a bill to fund $20 million a year for 10 years to build up to 100 stations. In 2014 the California Energy Commission funded $46.6 million to build 28 stations. Japan got its first commercial hydrogen fueling station in 2014. By March 2016, Japan had 80 hydrogen fueling stations, and the Japanese government aims to double this number to 160 by 2020. In May 2017, there were 91 hydrogen fueling stations in Japan. Germany had 18", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "165371", "text": "alkalinity to facilitate the breaking of the bond holding the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together. The lower heat value must also be used for fuel cells, as steam is the output rather than input. Hydrogen is often produced using natural gas, which involves the removal of hydrogen from hydrocarbons at very high temperatures, with about 95% of hydrogen production coming from steam reforming around year 2000. Commercial bulk hydrogen is usually produced by the steam reforming of natural gas. At high temperatures (1000–1400 K, 700–1100 °C or 1300–2000 °F), steam (water vapor) reacts with methane to yield carbon monoxide and", "title": "Hydrogen" }, { "id": "4146826", "text": "first buses in service in September 2004. The Perth trial received A$2.5 million funding from the Department of the Environment and Heritage and the Australian Greenhouse Office. It was endorsed by the United Nations Environment Programme and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. BP produced the hydrogen as a by-product at its Kwinana oil refinery ( south of Perth). The hydrogen was then transported by road in specially designed road tankers to a bus depot in the northern suburbs of Perth. Perth's buses achieved greater reliability and better fuel economy than in any other city in the trial. By June", "title": "Fuel Cell Bus Club" }, { "id": "11753167", "text": "chemical substances, including hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and ethylene, and could be burnt for heating and lighting purposes. Coal gas, for example, also contains significant quantities of unwanted sulfur and ammonia compounds, as well as heavy hydrocarbons, and so the manufactured fuel gases needed to be purified before they could be used. The first attempts to manufacture fuel gas in a commercial way were made in the period 1795–1805 in France by Philippe LeBon, and in England by William Murdoch. Although precursors can be found, it was these two engineers who elaborated the technology with commercial applications in mind. Frederick", "title": "History of manufactured fuel gases" }, { "id": "148563", "text": "profitable. Elon Musk stated in 2015 that fuel cells for use in cars will never be commercially viable because of the inefficiency of producing, transporting and storing hydrogen and the flammability of the gas, among other reasons. Professor Jeremy P. Meyers estimated in 2008 that cost reductions over a production ramp-up period will take about 20 years after fuel-cell cars are introduced before they will be able to compete commercially with current market technologies, including gasoline internal combustion engines. In 2011, the chairman and CEO of General Motors, Daniel Akerson, stated that while the cost of hydrogen fuel cell cars", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "3874568", "text": "physical forces\", in modern terms, the conservation of energy. In 1842, Grove developed the first fuel cell (which he called the \"gas voltaic battery\"), which produced electrical energy by combining hydrogen and oxygen, and described it using his correlation theory. In developing the cell and showing that steam could be disassociated into oxygen and hydrogen, and the process reversed, he was the first person to demonstrate the thermal dissociation of molecules into their constituent atoms. The first demonstration of this effect, he gave privately to Faraday, Gassiot and Edward William Brayley, his scientific editor. His work also led him to", "title": "William Robert Grove" }, { "id": "17444282", "text": "is used in a variety of low-energy, high-efficiency applications such as construction and railway maintenance – and increasingly in off-the-grid lighting projects. In 2012, Horizon starts to work on hydrocarbon to hydrogen steam reforming, with a commercial product launch of stationary solutions planned in 2014. 2013 sees the launch of Hydromax VRLA battery charger for recreational vehicles and yachts. as well as Aquigen, a scalable 200W-50 kW back-up power system for telecom, datacenters, and security solutions. In January, The Fuel cell-powered H-Rover is unveiled at the Nuremberg International Toy Fair. The Hydropak is launched. representing a breakthrough 9%Wt hydrogen storage", "title": "Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies" }, { "id": "3836422", "text": "claimed to have replaced the spark plugs with \"injectors\" that introduced a hydrogen/oxygen mixture into the engine cylinders. The water was subjected to an electrical resonance that dissociated it into its basic atomic make-up. The water fuel cell would split the water into hydrogen and oxygen gas, which would then be combusted back into water vapor in a conventional internal combustion engine to produce net energy. Philip Ball, writing in academic journal \"Nature\", characterized Meyer's claims as pseudoscience, noting that \"It's not easy to establish how Meyer's car was meant to work, except that it involved a fuel cell that", "title": "Stanley Meyer's water fuel cell" }, { "id": "165359", "text": "in 1910 and by the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, they had carried 35,000 passengers without a serious incident. Hydrogen-lifted airships were used as observation platforms and bombers during the war. The first non-stop transatlantic crossing was made by the British airship \"R34\" in 1919. Regular passenger service resumed in the 1920s and the discovery of helium reserves in the United States promised increased safety, but the U.S. government refused to sell the gas for this purpose. Therefore, H was used in the \"Hindenburg\" airship, which was destroyed in a midair fire over New Jersey on 6", "title": "Hydrogen" }, { "id": "148572", "text": "scooter with an IE fuel cell that received EU Whole Vehicle Type Approval in 2011. Suzuki Motor Corp. and IE have announced a joint venture to accelerate the commercialization of zero-emission vehicles. In 2003, the world's first propeller-driven airplane to be powered entirely by a fuel cell was flown. The fuel cell was a stack design that allowed the fuel cell to be integrated with the plane's aerodynamic surfaces. Fuel cell-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) include a Horizon fuel cell UAV that set the record distance flown for a small UAV in 2007. Boeing researchers and industry partners throughout Europe", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "148529", "text": "type, there are hydrocarbon fuels for fuel cells, including diesel, methanol (\"see:\" direct-methanol fuel cells and indirect methanol fuel cells) and chemical hydrides. The waste products with these types of fuel are carbon dioxide and water. When hydrogen is used, the CO2 is released when methane from natural gas is combined with steam, in a process called steam methane reforming, to produce the hydrogen. This can take place in a different location to the fuel cell, potentially allowing the hydrogen fuel cell to be used indoors—for example, in fork lifts. The different components of a PEMFC are The materials used", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "148534", "text": "carbon electrodes impregnated with a suitable catalyst such as Pt, Ag, CoO, etc. The space between the two electrodes is filled with a concentrated solution of KOH or NaOH which serves as an electrolyte. H gas and O gas are bubbled into the electrolyte through the porous carbon electrodes. Thus the overall reaction involves the combination of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form water. The cell runs continuously until the reactant's supply is exhausted. This type of cell operates efficiently in the temperature range 343 K to 413 K and provides a potential of about 0.9 V. AAEMFC is", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "165357", "text": "following reactions: Many metals such as zirconium undergo a similar reaction with water leading to the production of hydrogen. Hydrogen was liquefied for the first time by James Dewar in 1898 by using regenerative cooling and his invention, the vacuum flask. He produced solid hydrogen the next year. Deuterium was discovered in December 1931 by Harold Urey, and tritium was prepared in 1934 by Ernest Rutherford, Mark Oliphant, and Paul Harteck. Heavy water, which consists of deuterium in the place of regular hydrogen, was discovered by Urey's group in 1932. François Isaac de Rivaz built the first de Rivaz engine,", "title": "Hydrogen" }, { "id": "1570836", "text": "intensity when produced from natural gas, capital cost burden, low energy content per unit volume at ambient conditions, production and compression of hydrogen, and the investment required in filling stations to dispense hydrogen. Automobiles, buses, forklifts, trains, PHB bicycles, canal boats, cargo bikes, golf carts, motorcycles, wheelchairs, ships, airplanes, submarines, and rockets can already run on hydrogen, in various forms. NASA used hydrogen to launch Space Shuttles into space. A working toy model car runs on solar power, using a regenerative fuel cell to store energy in the form of hydrogen and oxygen gas. It can then convert the fuel", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "17444278", "text": "In 2005, with the completion of a first low-cost single cell, Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies creates its first commercial micro-size fuel cell product, designed as a basic science experiment kit. Soon after, Horizon miniaturizes hydrogen fuel cell car together with a real-working solar hydrogen station, and launches the H-racer, which is named Transportation Best Invention of the year 2006 by Time and \"One of 11 Coolest New Products On the Planet\" by Business 2.0. This led to the progressive commercialization of over 30 energy-related science experiment products, and an alliance, in 2010, with 3D Classworks to promote greater environmental awareness", "title": "Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies" }, { "id": "11299985", "text": "Element One Element One is Lawrence Technological University's race team from Detroit, Michigan that competed in the 2008 Formula Zero Championship, the world's first-ever hydrogen fuel cell race series. The team, formed in January 2007, had over 20 members from the Colleges of Engineering and Arts and Sciences. The team officially entered the competition and submitted initial designs on June 12, 2007. The Element One team placed in the top three during their Step 3 design. The team completed their final design, Step 4 of the design competition, in March 2008. On March 14, 2008, Formula Zero announced that Element", "title": "Element One" }, { "id": "148549", "text": "account. Fuel cell vehicles running on compressed hydrogen may have a power-plant-to-wheel efficiency of 22% if the hydrogen is stored as high-pressure gas, and 17% if it is stored as liquid hydrogen. Fuel cells cannot store energy like a battery, except as hydrogen, but in some applications, such as stand-alone power plants based on discontinuous sources such as solar or wind power, they are combined with electrolyzers and storage systems to form an energy storage system. Most hydrogen is used for oil refining, chemicals and fertilizer production and therefore produced by steam methane reforming, which emits carbon dioxide. The overall", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "148573", "text": "conducted experimental flight tests in February 2008 of a manned airplane powered only by a fuel cell and lightweight batteries. The fuel cell demonstrator airplane, as it was called, used a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell/lithium-ion battery hybrid system to power an electric motor, which was coupled to a conventional propeller. In 2009 the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL's) Ion Tiger utilized a hydrogen-powered fuel cell and flew for 23 hours and 17 minutes. Fuel cells are also being tested and considered to provide auxiliary power in aircraft, replacing fossil fuel generators that were previously used to start the engines", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "14922036", "text": "U.S., with its first generation FCX vehicle in December 2002. In 2008, Honda introduced an all-new FCX Clarity, a fuel cell sedan, which in 2010 was in the hands of more than two dozen retail customers based on lease sale agreements. In January 2010, the company began operating its third version of a prototype solar-powered hydrogen refueling station for fuel cell electric vehicles on its Torrance, California campus. The station utilized Honda developed and manufactured thin-film solar cells to provide energy for the reformation of hydrogen from water via electrolysis, producing enough hydrogen to power a fuel cell electric vehicle", "title": "American Honda Motor Company" }, { "id": "4208577", "text": "Billings turned to larger means of transportation. Billings’ hydrogen powered buses – converted to hydrogen first in 1976 and running in Provo, Utah, then in Riverside, California – were successful demonstrations of hydrogen as a fuel for mass transit vehicles. The Postal Jeep project in 1977 demonstrated the potential use of hydrogen as a practical and advantageous fuel for fleet vehicles. By 1979, he was working on coal-to-gas conversion plants. In 1991 Billings built the first automobile to be powered by a hydrogen fuel cell. Billings later demonstrated this innovation in the practical development of hydrogen as a fuel for", "title": "Roger E. Billings" }, { "id": "19043528", "text": "strong, singular message to stakeholders: fuel cells and hydrogen are incredibly important parts to producing clean energy. The new organization is based out of Washington, D.C. A fuel cell is a device consisting of one positive electrode called the anode and one negative electrode called the cathode that generates electricity through chemical reactions. Hydrogen is the basic fuel for fuel cells, but fuel cells also require some oxygen. The push toward utilizing more fuel cells is based in the appeal of generating electricity cleanly. In the process of generating electricity, the hydrogen and oxygen used eventually combine to form water,", "title": "Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Energy Association" }, { "id": "3836420", "text": "terms \"fuel cell\" or \"water fuel cell\" to refer to the portion of his device in which electricity is passed through water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Meyer's use of the term in this sense is contrary to its usual meaning in science and engineering, in which such cells are conventionally called \"electrolytic cells\". Furthermore, the term \"fuel cell\" is usually reserved for cells that produce electricity from a chemical redox reaction, whereas Meyer's fuel cell consumed electricity, as shown in his patents and in the circuit pictured on the right. Meyer describes in a 1990 patent the use of", "title": "Stanley Meyer's water fuel cell" }, { "id": "3603922", "text": "used as a fuel does not occur naturally in convenient reservoirs; nonetheless it can be generated by steam reformation of hydrocarbons, water electrolysis or by other methods. A spike in attention for the concept during the 2000s has been repeatedly described as hype by some critics and proponents of alternative technologies. A resurgence in the energy carrier is now underway, notably by the forming of the Hydrogen Council in 2017. Several manufacturers have now released hydrogen fuel cell cars commercially, with manufacturers such as Toyota and industry groups in China planning to increase numbers of the cars into the hundreds", "title": "Hydrogen economy" }, { "id": "1570850", "text": "haul Nikola One and day cab Nikola Two. United Parcel Service began testing of a hydrogen powered delivery vehicle in 2017. US Hybrid, Toyota, and Kenworth have also announced plans to test Class 8 drayage hydrogen fuel cell trucks. Hydrogen internal combustion engine cars are different from hydrogen fuel cell cars. The hydrogen internal combustion car is a slightly modified version of the traditional gasoline internal combustion engine car. These hydrogen engines burn fuel in the same manner that gasoline engines do; the main difference is the exhaust product. Gasoline combustion results in carbon dioxide and water vapor, while the", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "4229316", "text": "45 FCX units in the US. Over 20 other FCEVs prototypes and demonstration cars were released in that time period, including the GM HydroGen4, and Mercedes-Benz F-Cell. The Hyundai ix35 FCEV Fuel Cell vehicle has been available for lease since 2014, when 54 units were leased. Sales of the Toyota Mirai to government and corporate customers began in Japan in December 2014. Pricing started at (~) before taxes and a government incentive of (~). Former European Parliament President Pat Cox estimated that Toyota initially would lose about $100,000 on each Mirai sold. , global sales totaled 5,300 Mirais. The top", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "4208578", "text": "use in cars. The Philadelphia unveiling of the car — LaserCel 1 — is the first reported functional fuel cell application in a small transportation vehicle. Billings was touted in the press for his contributions in developing hydrogen energy. \"The Enterprise\" business journal called Billings “The Father of Hydrogen Technology.” An \"Omni Magazine\" report on his work in 1982 dubbed him “The Hydrogen Man\" and an article in the July 21, 2003, issue of \"Time Magazine\" referred to him as \"Dr. Hydrogen\". Billings has been involved in the development and launch of a number of computer technologies and products. He", "title": "Roger E. Billings" }, { "id": "11299996", "text": "Mechanical Systems Listed in chronological addition of contribution: Element One Element One is Lawrence Technological University's race team from Detroit, Michigan that competed in the 2008 Formula Zero Championship, the world's first-ever hydrogen fuel cell race series. The team, formed in January 2007, had over 20 members from the Colleges of Engineering and Arts and Sciences. The team officially entered the competition and submitted initial designs on June 12, 2007. The Element One team placed in the top three during their Step 3 design. The team completed their final design, Step 4 of the design competition, in March 2008. On", "title": "Element One" }, { "id": "3885395", "text": "so light, it rises in the atmosphere and is therefore rarely found in its pure form, H. In a flame of pure hydrogen gas, burning in air, the hydrogen (H) reacts with oxygen (O) to form water (HO) and releases energy. If carried out in atmospheric air instead of pure oxygen, as is usually the case, hydrogen combustion may yield small amounts of nitrogen oxides, along with the water vapor. The energy released enables hydrogen to act as a fuel. In an electrochemical cell, that energy can be used with relatively high efficiency. If it is used simply for heat,", "title": "Hydrogen fuel" }, { "id": "18432414", "text": "Hyundai ix35 FCEV The Hyundai ix35 FCEV or Tucson FCEV is a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle developed by Hyundai. It is the first SUV-like vehicles to be sold commercially, as well as the first commercially mass-produced hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in the world. Different versions are known, the previous version was based on the Hyundai Tucson FCEV, and the upcoming model is based on the current ix35 FCEV. The first generation was introduced in 2001, with the Hyundai Santa Fe FCEV, and had a range of , with a top speed of . The second generation Tucson FCEV was", "title": "Hyundai ix35 FCEV" }, { "id": "7942661", "text": "fuel cells for local electricity generation, making it possible for hydrogen to be used as a transportation fuel for an electric vehicle. Hydrogen is also produced as a by-product of industrial chlorine production by electrolysis. Although requiring expensive technologies, hydrogen can be cooled, compressed and purified for use in other processes on site or sold to a customer via pipeline, cylinders or trucks. The discovery and development of less expensive methods of production of bulk hydrogen is relevant to the establishment of a hydrogen economy. Hydrogen production Hydrogen production is the family of industrial methods for generating hydrogen. Currently the", "title": "Hydrogen production" }, { "id": "17444281", "text": "of the Year status for GameKritik and was acclaimed by renewable industry specialists. During the same year, and following a string of small Horizon-enabled fuel cell electric aircraft flight tests in the US and Europe, Horizon launches a separate subsidiary in Singapore named Horizon Energy Systems (HES), and in 2010 unveils a first 450Wh/kg battery alternative prototype named Aeropak. HES is now aiming to exceed 1000Wh/kg with its latest on-demand hydrogen technologies. In 2010, BOC (now part of Linde Group) introduced a Horizon-made 150 W portable fuel cell power supply named Hymera which begins sales in the United Kingdom. It", "title": "Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies" }, { "id": "4229324", "text": "partners throughout Europe conducted experimental flight tests in February 2008 of a manned airplane powered only by a fuel cell and lightweight batteries. The Fuel Cell Demonstrator Airplane, as it was called, used a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell/lithium-ion battery hybrid system to power an electric motor, which was coupled to a conventional propeller. In 2003, the world's first propeller driven airplane to be powered entirely by a fuel cell was flown. The fuel cell was a unique FlatStack stack design which allowed the fuel cell to be integrated with the aerodynamic surfaces of the plane. There have been", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "1570851", "text": "only exhaust product of hydrogen combustion is water vapor. In 1807 Francois Isaac de Rivaz designed the first hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine. In 1965, Roger Billings, then a high school student, converted a Model A to run on hydrogen. In 1970 Paul Dieges patented a modification to internal combustion engines which allowed a gasoline-powered engine to run on hydrogen . Mazda has developed Wankel engines burning hydrogen, which are used in the Mazda_RX-8_Hydrogen_RE. The advantage of using an internal combustion engine, like Wankel and piston engines, is the lower cost of retooling for production. HICE forklift trucks have been demonstrated", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "1570837", "text": "back into water to release the solar energy. Since the advent of hydraulic fracturing the key concern for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is consumer and public policy confusion concerning the adoption of natural gas powered hydrogen vehicles with heavy hidden emissions to the detriment of environmentally friendly transportation. A land-speed record for a hydrogen-powered vehicle of was set by Ohio State University's Buckeye Bullet 2, which achieved a \"flying-mile\" speed of at the Bonneville Salt Flats in August 2008. A record of was set by a prototype Ford Fusion Hydrogen 999 Fuel Cell Race Car at the Bonneville Salt Flats,", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "17444279", "text": "for sustainable energy amongst students around the world in a joint program called Destination Zero Carbon. In 2013, Horizon launches i-H2GO, its latest hydrogen car miniature merging an iOS-enabled remote control APP, Horizon’s latest hybrid micro-fuel cell power systems, and a USB enabled hydrogen station. In April 2007, Horizon’s fuel cells are used to power the world’s first unmanned zero-emission fuel cell powered jet-wing aircraft, and set a new FAI flight distance record in a 5 kg UAV developed by Calstate-LA backed by NASA and US Air Force Research Laboratory. In August, the 2007 Innovative Energy Technology Developer of the", "title": "Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies" }, { "id": "17444286", "text": "the Riversimple Urban Car or Microcab) and offers an Electric Bike Kit, a plug and play hydrogen fuel cell system designed to hybridise with existing electric bikes. The aerospace division focuses on lightweight alternatives to batteries, where fuel cell systems combined with high performance hydrogen generators increase electric flight durations by several orders of magnitude. Early applications include wildlife poaching activity over large territories, pipeline monitoring, border patrol and geological surveys. A world record was set in 2007 with Pterosoar, a 5 kW aircraft developed with Oklahoma State University and Calstate - it flew 120 km (78 miles) - beating", "title": "Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies" }, { "id": "4229341", "text": "where zero emissions are a requirement, as in enclosed spaces such as warehouses, and where hydrogen is considered an acceptable reactant, a [PEM fuel cell] is becoming an increasingly attractive choice [if exchanging batteries is inconvenient]\". The practical cost of fuel cells for cars will remain high, however, until production volumes incorporate economies of scale and a well-developed supply chain. Until then, costs are roughly one order of magnitude higher than DOE targets. Also in 2008, \"Wired News\" reported that \"experts say it will be 40 years or more before hydrogen has any meaningful impact on gasoline consumption or global", "title": "Fuel cell vehicle" }, { "id": "165361", "text": "at Dayton, Ohio, by the Dayton Power & Light Co.; because of the thermal conductivity of hydrogen gas, this is the most common type in its field today. The nickel hydrogen battery was used for the first time in 1977 aboard the U.S. Navy's Navigation technology satellite-2 (NTS-2). For example, the ISS, Mars Odyssey and the Mars Global Surveyor are equipped with nickel-hydrogen batteries. In the dark part of its orbit, the Hubble Space Telescope is also powered by nickel-hydrogen batteries, which were finally replaced in May 2009, more than 19 years after launch and 13 years beyond their design", "title": "Hydrogen" }, { "id": "188948", "text": "in 1811. The bleaching effect of peroxides and their salts on natural dyes became known around that time, but early attempts of industrial production of peroxides failed, and the first plant producing hydrogen peroxide was built in 1873 in Berlin. The discovery of the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by electrolysis with sulfuric acid introduced the more efficient electrochemical method. It was first implemented into industry in 1908 in Weißenstein, Carinthia, Austria. The anthraquinone process, which is still used, was developed during the 1930s by the German chemical manufacturer IG Farben in Ludwigshafen. The increased demand and improvements in the synthesis", "title": "Hydrogen peroxide" }, { "id": "3874077", "text": "systems until economically scalable pure hydrogen is available. Furthermore, PEMFCs have the possibility of replacing batteries for portable electronics, though integration of the hydrogen supply is a technical challenge particularly without a convenient location to store it within the device. Before the invention of PEM fuel cells, existing fuel cell types such as solid-oxide fuel cells were only applied in extreme conditions. Such fuel cells also required very expensive materials and could only be used for stationary applications due to their size. These issues were addressed by the PEM fuel cell. The PEM fuel cell was invented in the early", "title": "Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell" }, { "id": "148528", "text": "mechanism\" result in the same acronym.) On the anode side, hydrogen diffuses to the anode catalyst where it later dissociates into protons and electrons. These protons often react with oxidants causing them to become what are commonly referred to as multi-facilitated proton membranes. The protons are conducted through the membrane to the cathode, but the electrons are forced to travel in an external circuit (supplying power) because the membrane is electrically insulating. On the cathode catalyst, oxygen molecules react with the electrons (which have traveled through the external circuit) and protons to form water. In addition to this pure hydrogen", "title": "Fuel cell" }, { "id": "19790672", "text": "British hydrogen bomb programme The British hydrogen bomb programme was the ultimately successful British effort to develop hydrogen bombs between 1952 and 1958. During the early part of the Second World War, Britain had a nuclear weapons project, codenamed Tube Alloys. At the Quebec Conference in August 1943, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Quebec Agreement, merging Tube Alloys into the American Manhattan Project, which many of Britain's top scientists participated in. The British government trusted that America would share nuclear technology, which it considered to be a joint discovery, but the United States", "title": "British hydrogen bomb programme" }, { "id": "5273548", "text": "minute refueling times and long range in a full function large sedan. It was the first hydrogen fuel cell vehicle available to retail customers. Production began in June 2008 with leasing in the U.S. commenced in July 2008. It was introduced in Japan in November 2008. The FCX Clarity was available for lease in the U.S., Japan and Europe. In the U.S., it was only available to customers who live in Southern California where several hydrogen fuel stations are available. , a total of 20 FCX Clarity cars were leased for a month, including collision coverage, maintenance, roadside assistance and", "title": "Honda Clarity" }, { "id": "15201548", "text": "powered by silver-zinc batteries. The battery pack gave the Electrovair II a similar performance to that of the conventional gasoline powered Corvair which the car was based on with a top speed of 80 mph. As the project manager of the Electrovair II, Bond served as the spokesperson and driver when the car was demonstrated to the press in October 1966. It is the oldest historic vehicle on display at the GM Heritage Center in Sterling Heights, Michigan. Bond then worked with the Electrovan, which is credited as the world's first hydrogen fuel cell powered vehicle. The Electrovan had a", "title": "William D. Bond" }, { "id": "1570849", "text": "stages, since they are carried by the lower stages. For first stages, dense fuelled rockets in studies may show a small advantage, due to the smaller vehicle size and lower air drag. LH2/LOX were also used in the Space Shuttle to run the fuel cells that power the electrical systems. The byproduct of the fuel cell is water, which is used for drinking and other applications that require water in space. In 2016 Nikola Motor Company introduced a hydrogen-powered Class 8 heavy truck powered by a 320 kWh EV battery. Nikola plans two versions of the hydrogen powered truck, long", "title": "Hydrogen vehicle" }, { "id": "12072377", "text": "Tiberius Cavallo, and also thought that hydrogen could lift a balloon. Jacques Charles designed the balloon, and the Robert brothers constructed a lightweight, airtight gas bag. Barthélémy Faujas de Saint-Fond organized a crowd-funded subscription to finance the brothers' project. The Roberts dissolved rubber in a solution of turpentine, with which they varnished stitched-together sheets of silk, to make the main envelope. They used alternating strips of red and white silk, but the rubberising varnish yellowed the white silk. Jacques Charles and the Robert brothers began filling the world's first hydrogen balloon on the 23rd of August 1783, in the Place", "title": "History of ballooning" }, { "id": "148566", "text": "large amount of energy required to isolate hydrogen from natural compounds (water, natural gas, biomass), package the light gas by compression or liquefaction, transfer the energy carrier to the user, plus the energy lost when it is converted to useful electricity with fuel cells, leaves around 25% for practical use.\" In 2014, Joseph Romm, the author of \"The Hype About Hydrogen\" (2005), stated that FCVs still had not overcome the high fueling cost, lack of fuel-delivery infrastructure, and pollution caused by producing hydrogen. \"It would take several miracles to overcome all of those problems simultaneously in the coming decades.\" He", "title": "Fuel cell" } ]	when was the first hydrogen fuel cell created
[ "1956" ]	[ { "id": "215144", "text": "interest in the prospect of playing or managing professional baseball. Robinson ended his major league career when he struck out to end Game 7 of the 1956 World Series. After the season, Robinson was traded by the Dodgers to the arch-rival New York Giants for Dick Littlefield and $35,000 cash (equal to $ today). The trade, however, was never completed; unbeknownst to the Dodgers, Robinson had already agreed with the president of Chock full o'Nuts to quit baseball and become an executive with the company. Since Robinson had sold exclusive rights to any retirement story to \"Look\" magazine two years", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215112", "text": "same year as Robinson, said, \"One of the things that was disappointing and disheartening to a lot of the black players at the time was that Jack was not the best player. The best was Josh Gibson. I think that's one of the reasons why Josh died so early – he was heartbroken.\" Rickey's offer allowed Robinson to leave behind the Monarchs and their grueling bus rides, and he went home to Pasadena. That September, he signed with Chet Brewer's Kansas City Royals, a post-season barnstorming team in the California Winter League. Later that off-season, he briefly toured South America", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215152", "text": "in 1962, Robinson encouraged voters to consider only his on-field qualifications, rather than his cultural impact on the game. He was elected on the first ballot, becoming the first black player inducted into the Cooperstown museum. In 1965, Robinson served as an analyst for ABC's \"Major League Baseball Game of the Week\" telecasts, the first black person to do so. In 1966, Robinson was hired as general manager for the short-lived Brooklyn Dodgers of the Continental Football League. In 1972, he served as a part-time commentator on Montreal Expos telecasts. On June 4, 1972, the Dodgers retired his uniform number,", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215151", "text": "told future Hall of Fame inductee Hank Aaron that \"the game of baseball is great, but the greatest thing is what you do after your career is over.\" Robinson retired from baseball at age 37 on January 5, 1957. Later that year, after he complained of numerous physical ailments, he was diagnosed with diabetes, a disease that also afflicted his brothers. Although Robinson adopted an insulin injection regimen, the state of medicine at the time could not prevent the continued deterioration of Robinson's physical condition from the disease. In his first year of eligibility for the Baseball Hall of Fame", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215087", "text": "Jackie Robinson Jack Roosevelt Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base on April 15, 1947. When the Dodgers signed Robinson, they heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. Robinson had an exceptional 10-year MLB career. He", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215088", "text": "was the recipient of the inaugural MLB Rookie of the Year Award in 1947, was an All-Star for six consecutive seasons from 1949 through 1954, and won the National League Most Valuable Player Award in 1949—the first black player so honored. Robinson played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers' 1955 World Series championship. In 1997, MLB retired his uniform number 42 across all major league teams; he was the first pro athlete in any sport to be so honored. MLB also adopted a new annual tradition, \"Jackie Robinson Day\", for the first time on April 15, 2004,", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "13979707", "text": "declined. Ultimately, City Island Ballpark in Daytona Beach agreed to host the game with Robinson on the field. The team traveled to Havana, Cuba for spring training in 1947, this time with Robinson on the big club. Although the Dodgers ultimately built Dodgertown and its Holman Stadium further south in Vero Beach, and played there for 61 spring training seasons from 1948 through 2008, Daytona Beach renamed City Island Ballpark to Jackie Robinson Ballpark in his honor. This event marked the continuation of the integration of professional sports in the United States, with professional football having led the way in", "title": "History of the Brooklyn Dodgers" }, { "id": "12544512", "text": "Ken Griffey, Jr. called Bud Selig to ask for permission to wear number 42 on Jackie Robinson Day. Griffey received special permission from Rachel Robinson to wear number 42 on Jackie Robinson Day of 2007. Number 42 had been retired for all Major League Baseball teams. This meant that no future Major League Baseball player could wear it. The number was retired in a ceremony which took place in 1997 at Shea Stadium to mark the 50th anniversary of Robinson's first game with the Dodgers. (The last player to wear the Number 42 is Mariano Rivera of the New York", "title": "Jackie Robinson Day" }, { "id": "215147", "text": "Brooklyn Dodgers. During his career, the Dodgers played in six World Series, and Robinson himself played in six All-Star Games. In 1999, he was posthumously named to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team. Robinson's career is generally considered to mark the beginning of the post–\"long ball\" era in baseball, in which a reliance on raw power-hitting gave way to balanced offensive strategies that used footspeed to create runs through aggressive baserunning. Robinson exhibited the combination of hitting ability and speed which exemplified the new era. He scored more than 100 runs in six of his ten seasons (averaging more than", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215156", "text": "re-elected governor of New York in 1966. Switching his allegiance to the Democrats, he subsequently supported Hubert Humphrey against Nixon in 1968. Robinson protested against the major leagues' ongoing lack of minority managers and central office personnel, and he turned down an invitation to appear in an old-timers' game at Yankee Stadium in 1969. He made his final public appearance on October 15, 1972, throwing the ceremonial first pitch before Game 2 of the World Series at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. He gratefully accepted a plaque honoring the twenty-fifth anniversary of his MLB debut, but also commented, \"I'm going to", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215145", "text": "previously, his retirement decision was revealed through the magazine, instead of through the Dodgers organization. Robinson's major league debut brought an end to approximately sixty years of segregation in professional baseball, known as the baseball color line. After World War II, several other forces were also leading the country toward increased equality for blacks, including their accelerated migration to the North, where their political clout grew, and President Harry Truman's desegregation of the military in 1948. Robinson's breaking of the baseball color line and his professional success symbolized these broader changes and demonstrated that the fight for equality was more", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "12151129", "text": "decision or save. Robinson died in Ormond Beach, Florida, at the age of 79. Jack Robinson (pitcher) John Edward Robinson (February 20, 1921 – March 2, 2000) was an American professional baseball player, a right-handed pitcher whose career lasted eleven seasons (1941–1942; 1946–1954). He served in the United States Navy during World War II. The native of Orange, New Jersey, stood tall and weighed . He appeared in three games pitched, all in relief, during May for the Boston Red Sox. In those appearances, Robinson posted a 2.25 ERA in four full innings of work, giving up one run on", "title": "Jack Robinson (pitcher)" }, { "id": "5502429", "text": "San Francisco's AT&T Park, Dodger infielder Hanley Ramírez, competing for his home country, the Dominican Republic, was consistently booed at every appearance and whenever his name was mentioned on the public-address system. The rivalry extends beyond the fans to the players. Jackie Robinson retired rather than report to the Giants after being traded to them by the Dodgers in December of . According to legend and his teammate Tommy Lasorda, he did so because he had come to hate the Giants after ten years in Dodger Blue. This notion has been challenged on the grounds that Robinson would have been", "title": "Dodgers–Giants rivalry" }, { "id": "9670369", "text": "world to have had two numbers (8, 24) retired by the same franchise - Los Angeles Lakers. Jackie Robinson, the first black player in the modern era of Major League Baseball, had his number 42 retired league-wide in 1997. However, players who were wearing the number at the time were permitted to retain it for the duration of their careers; Mariano Rivera was the last remaining player to wear the number, and he retired at the end of the . The only other exception to this retirement is on April 15, the anniversary of Robinson's MLB debut, when all uniformed", "title": "Retired number" }, { "id": "12151128", "text": "Jack Robinson (pitcher) John Edward Robinson (February 20, 1921 – March 2, 2000) was an American professional baseball player, a right-handed pitcher whose career lasted eleven seasons (1941–1942; 1946–1954). He served in the United States Navy during World War II. The native of Orange, New Jersey, stood tall and weighed . He appeared in three games pitched, all in relief, during May for the Boston Red Sox. In those appearances, Robinson posted a 2.25 ERA in four full innings of work, giving up one run on four hits and one walk while striking out one. He did not have a", "title": "Jack Robinson (pitcher)" }, { "id": "215098", "text": "met his future wife, Rachel Isum (b.1922), a UCLA freshman who was familiar with Robinson's athletic career He played football as a senior, but the 1940 Bruins won only one game. In the spring, Robinson left college just shy of graduation, despite his mother's and Isum's reservations. He took a job as an assistant athletic director with the government's National Youth Administration (NYA) After the government ceased NYA operations, Robinson traveled to Honolulu in the fall of 1941 to play football for the semi-professional, racially integrated Honolulu After a short season, Robinson returned to California in December 1941 to pursue", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "6921027", "text": "spots noted earlier in the 1941 report by the New York City Planning Department. Reconstruction finished in 1992. The parkway's name was changed to honor Jackie Robinson in May 1997, as part of 50th anniversary activities marking his breaking of the baseball color line. In addition to playing for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Robinson was known to live and own property in the area along the parkway, and his gravesite is located in Cypress Hills Cemetery, located adjacent to exit 3. A juncture at the eastern end of the parkway was placed on the list of New York State's most dangerous", "title": "Jackie Robinson Parkway" }, { "id": "215104", "text": "his acquittal, he was transferred to Camp Breckinridge, Kentucky, where he served as a coach for army athletics until receiving an honorable discharge in November 1944. While there, Robinson met a former player for the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro American League, who encouraged Robinson to write the Monarchs and ask for a tryout. Robinson took the former player's advice and wrote to Monarchs' co-owner Thomas Baird. After his discharge, Robinson briefly returned to his old football club, the Los Angeles Bulldogs. Robinson then accepted an offer from his old friend and pastor Rev. Karl Downs to be the", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "12544504", "text": "Officer of Major League Baseball, described Jackie Robinson Day as a significance \"not only for baseball, but for our country in general.\" Baseball players of Black African descent were excluded from Major League Baseball until 1947. On April 15, 1947, Jackie Robinson made his major league debut for the Brooklyn Dodgers at Ebbets Field before a crowd of 26,623 spectators, more than 14,000 of whom were black. By the late 1950s, the percentage of black players on Major League teams matched or exceeded that of the general population. In 1997, MLB universally retired his uniform number, No. 42, across all", "title": "Jackie Robinson Day" }, { "id": "10850386", "text": "Jackie Robinson (footballer) John Allan \"Jackie\" Robinson (10 August 1917 – 30 July 1972) was an English footballer and player-coach. He played as an inside forward, and signed for Sheffield Wednesday in 1934 at the age of 16. He went on to play for Sunderland and Lincoln City, also taking up managerial duties in his brief time at Lincoln. He was also capped for England on four occasions, scoring three goals in doing so. Robinson's career lasted from 1935 to 1949, making 200 league appearances and scoring 71 goals. Robinson lost some of his best years to the Second World", "title": "Jackie Robinson (footballer)" }, { "id": "215160", "text": "his appearance at the World Series, Robinson died of a heart attack at his home on 95 Cascade Road in North Stamford, Connecticut; he was 53 years old. Robinson's funeral service on October 27, 1972, at Upper Manhattan's Riverside Church adjacent to Grant's Tomb in Morningside Heights, attracted 2,500 mourners. Many of his former teammates and other famous baseball players served as pallbearers, and the Rev. Jesse Jackson gave the eulogy. Tens of thousands of people lined the subsequent procession route to Robinson's interment site at Cypress Hills Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York, where he was buried next to his", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215171", "text": "Los Angeles, a statue of Robinson was introduced in 2017. Since 2004, the Aflac National High School Baseball Player of the Year has been presented the \"Jackie Robinson Award\". Robinson has also been recognized outside of baseball. In December 1956, the NAACP recognized him with the Spingarn Medal, which it awards annually for the highest achievement by an African-American. President Ronald Reagan posthumously awarded Robinson the Presidential Medal of Freedom on March 26, 1984, and on March 2, 2005, President George W. Bush gave Robinson's widow the Congressional Gold Medal, the highest civilian award bestowed by Congress; Robinson was only", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215127", "text": "Doby, who endured his own hardships since becoming the first black player in the American League with the Cleveland Indians, as the two spoke to one another via telephone throughout the season. Robinson finished the season having played in 151 games for the Dodgers, with a batting average of .297, an on-base percentage of .383, and a .427 slugging percentage. He had 175 hits (scoring 125 runs) including 31 doubles, 5 triples, and 12 home runs, driving in 48 runs for the year. Robinson led the league in sacrifice hits, with 28, and in stolen bases, with 29. His cumulative", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215176", "text": "as a man.\" On November 22, 2014, UCLA announced that it would officially retire the number 42 across all university sports, effective immediately. While Robinson wore several different numbers during his UCLA career, the school chose 42 because it had become indelibly identified with him. The only sport this did not affect was men's basketball, which had previously retired the number for Walt Hazzard (although Kevin Love was actually the last player in that sport to wear 42, with Hazzard's blessing). In a move paralleling that of MLB when it retired the number, UCLA allowed three athletes (in women's soccer,", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "10023940", "text": "His final game in the NFL was Super Bowl XIV as a member of the Rams. After the game, he berated his coach in the Rose Bowl locker room for not using him in the game, saying the coach could \"kiss his ass\". That offseason, he was disinvited from the Super Bowl ring party and cut from the team. He retired with 11 career interceptions in 70 games played. Out of the NFL, Wallace worked on an oil platform. The year after his football career ended, his mother died and he began to abuse alcohol and use crack cocaine. He", "title": "Jackie Wallace" }, { "id": "215130", "text": "black players besides Robinson. In February 1948, he signed a $12,500 contract (equal to $ today) with the Dodgers; while a significant amount, this was less than Robinson made in the off-season from a vaudeville tour, where he answered pre-set baseball questions, and a speaking tour of the South. Between the tours, he underwent surgery on his right ankle. Because of his off-season activities, Robinson reported to training camp overweight. He lost the weight during training camp, but dieting left him weak at the plate. In 1948, Wendell Smith's book, \"Jackie Robinson: My Own Story\", was released. In the spring", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "13979708", "text": "1946, with the concomitant demise of the Negro Leagues, and is regarded as a key moment in the history of the American civil rights movement. Robinson was an exceptional player, a speedy runner who sparked the team with his intensity. He was the inaugural recipient of the Rookie of the Year award, which is now named the Jackie Robinson award in his honor. The Dodgers' willingness to integrate, when most other teams refused to, was a key factor in their 1947–1956 success. They won six pennants in those 10 years with the help of Robinson, three-time MVP Roy Campanella, Cy", "title": "History of the Brooklyn Dodgers" }, { "id": "12544503", "text": "Dodgers) ended approximately 80 years of baseball segregation, also known as the baseball color line, or color barrier. He also was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962, remembered for his services with the number 42 jersey. The gala is celebrated at varied ballparks by Major League team players. On that one day, all players, coaches, and managers on both teams, and the umpires, wear #42 on their jerseys. Shea Stadium was one of the prominent venues hosting the event, having commemorated the retirement of Robinson's number 42 jersey in . Bob DuPuy, the President and Chief Operating", "title": "Jackie Robinson Day" }, { "id": "215099", "text": "a career as running back for the Los Angeles Bulldogs of the Pacific Coast Football League. By that time, however, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor had taken place, drawing the United States into World War II and ending Robinson's nascent football career. In 1942, Robinson was drafted and assigned to a segregated Army cavalry unit in Fort Riley, Kansas. Having the requisite qualifications, Robinson and several other black soldiers applied for admission to an Officer Candidate School (OCS) then located at Fort Riley. Although the Army's initial July 1941 guidelines for OCS had been drafted as race neutral, few", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215135", "text": "Times\" wrote that Robinson, \"doing that rare thing of playing himself in the picture's leading role, displays a calm assurance and composure that might be envied by many a Hollywood star.\" Robinson's Hollywood exploits, however, did not sit well with Dodgers co-owner Walter O'Malley, who referred to Robinson as \"Rickey's prima donna\". In late 1950, Rickey's contract as the Dodgers' team President expired. Weary of constant disagreements with O'Malley, and with no hope of being re-appointed as President of the Dodgers, Rickey cashed out his one-quarter financial interest in the team, leaving O'Malley in full control of the franchise. Rickey", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "242122", "text": "2007 season, Jackie Robinson Day (April 15, commemorating Opening Day of Robinson's rookie season of 1947) has featured many or all players and coaches wearing the number 42 as a tribute to Robinson. The Dodgers have not issued the number 34 since the departure of Fernando Valenzuela in 1991, although it has not been officially retired. Since 1884, the Dodgers have used a total of 31 Managers, the most current being Dave Roberts, who was appointed following the 2015 postseason, after the departure of Don Mattingly. Over the nearly 43 years from 1954 to mid-1996, the Dodgers employed only two", "title": "Los Angeles Dodgers" }, { "id": "215089", "text": "on which every player on every team wears No. 42. Robinson's character, his use of nonviolence, and his unquestionable talent challenged the traditional basis of segregation which then marked many other aspects of American life. He influenced the culture of and contributed significantly to the civil rights movement. Robinson also was the first black television analyst in MLB and the first black vice president of a major American corporation, Chock full o'Nuts. In the 1960s, he helped establish the Freedom National Bank, an African-American-owned financial institution based in Harlem, New York. After his death in 1972, in recognition of his", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215140", "text": "that happened to him happened because of his blackness.\" The 1952 season was the last year Robinson was an everyday starter at second base. Afterward, Robinson played variously at first, second, and third bases, shortstop, and in the outfield, with Jim Gilliam, another black player, taking over everyday second base duties. Robinson's interests began to shift toward the prospect of managing a major league team. He had hoped to gain experience by managing in the Puerto Rican Winter League, but according to the \"New York Post\", Commissioner Happy Chandler denied the request. In 1953, Robinson had 109 runs, a .329", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "540039", "text": "2016. The Reds, Orioles, and Indians have retired his uniform number 20. He is one of only two major league players, the other being Nolan Ryan, to have his number retired by three different organizations. In 1999, he ranked Number 22 on \"The Sporting News\" list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was nominated as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team. Three teams have honored Robinson with statues: He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom on November 9, 2005, by President George W. Bush. On April 13, 2007 Robinson was awarded the first Jackie Robinson", "title": "Frank Robinson" }, { "id": "215133", "text": "won the National League pennant, but lost in five games to the New York Yankees in the 1949 World Series. Summer 1949 brought an unwanted distraction for Robinson. In July, he was called to testify before the United States House of Representatives' Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) concerning statements made that April by black athlete and actor Paul Robeson. Robinson was reluctant to testify, but he eventually agreed to do so, fearing it might negatively affect his career if he declined. In 1950, Robinson led the National League in double plays made by a second baseman with 133. His salary", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "10850396", "text": "on 30 July 1972, aged 54 from cancer, having previously had two strokes and kidney problems. Sheffield Wednesday Jackie Robinson (footballer) John Allan \"Jackie\" Robinson (10 August 1917 – 30 July 1972) was an English footballer and player-coach. He played as an inside forward, and signed for Sheffield Wednesday in 1934 at the age of 16. He went on to play for Sunderland and Lincoln City, also taking up managerial duties in his brief time at Lincoln. He was also capped for England on four occasions, scoring three goals in doing so. Robinson's career lasted from 1935 to 1949, making", "title": "Jackie Robinson (footballer)" }, { "id": "215108", "text": "more than fourteen years later, in July 1959, the Red Sox became the last major league team to integrate its roster. Other teams, however, had more serious interest in signing a black ballplayer. In the mid-1940s, Branch Rickey, club president and general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, began to scout the Negro leagues for a possible addition to the Dodgers' roster. Rickey selected Robinson from a list of promising black players and interviewed him for possible assignment to Brooklyn's International League farm club, the Montreal Royals. Rickey was especially interested in making sure his eventual signee could withstand the inevitable", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "18262950", "text": "the Padres won the next day. He was named the NLCS Most Valuable Player, and San Diego advanced to their first World Series. In 2016, \"The San Diego Union-Tribune\" ranked Garvey's Game 4 homer as the No. 1 moment in San Diego sports history. However, he played 14 of his 19 seasons with the rival Los Angeles Dodgers, where he was also more productive, and the retirement of his number by San Diego has been heavily debated. On April 15, 1997, exactly 50 years after Jackie Robinson broke the baseball color line, the No. 42 he wore with the Brooklyn", "title": "San Diego Padres retired numbers" }, { "id": "215096", "text": "a confidant for Robinson, a Christian. Toward the end of his PJC tenure, Frank Robinson (to whom Robinson felt closest among his three brothers) was killed in a motorcycle accident. The event motivated Jackie to pursue his athletic career at the nearby University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he could remain closer to Frank's family. After graduating from PJC in spring 1939, Robinson enrolled at UCLA, where he became the school's first athlete to win varsity letters in four sports: baseball, basketball, football, and track. He was one of four black players on the Bruins' 1939 football team; the", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "7959127", "text": "when Jackie Robinson of the Montreal Royals made his organized baseball debut there as a visitor on April 18, 1946. Robinson made a spectacular playing debut with four hits in five at-bats, including a home run in a game that ended with a 14-1 win for the Royals. A decade later, in 1956–1957, Roosevelt Stadium would host select Dodger home games as owner Walter O'Malley parried with public officials over a new stadium in Brooklyn. The Dodgers (and the MLB Giants) ultimately abandoned New York for California in 1958. Although they won league titles in 1939 and 1947, the Jersey", "title": "Jersey City Giants" }, { "id": "215165", "text": "times since his death. In 1987, both the National and American League Rookie of the Year Awards were renamed the \"Jackie Robinson Award\" in honor of the first recipient (Robinson's Major League Rookie of the Year Award in 1947 encompassed both leagues). On April 15, 1997, Robinson's jersey number, 42, was retired throughout Major League Baseball, the first time any jersey number had been retired throughout one of the four major American sports leagues. Under the terms of the retirement, a grandfather clause allowed the handful of players who wore number 42 to continue doing so in tribute to Robinson,", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "5764349", "text": "soccer player Lionel Messi; his preferred number 2 was already retired for Alex English. On June 23, 2014, Robinson exercised the player option on his contract. On January 13, 2015, Robinson was traded to the Boston Celtics in exchange for Jameer Nelson Two days later, he was waived by the Celtics before appearing in a game for them. On March 7, 2015, Robinson signed a 10-day contract with the Los Angeles Clippers. On March 17, he signed a second 10-day contract with the Clippers. Due to injury, he was not retained by the Clippers following the expiration of his second", "title": "Nate Robinson" }, { "id": "12544515", "text": "fielder, told the \"USA Today\" that he won't wear number 42 because \"I just don't feel I'm worthy of it.\" Hank Aaron and Frank Robinson, both Baseball Hall of Famers, threw the ceremonial first pitches, and fellow Hall of Famers Joe Morgan and Dave Winfield were on hand. Actors Courtney B. Vance and Marlon Wayans also attended the Jackie Robinson Day ceremony. Academy Award winner Jennifer Hudson sang \"The Star-Spangled Banner\" before the games started. More than 240 players wore number 42 in honor of Jackie Robinson's retired number, including the entire team rosters of the Los Angeles Dodgers, New", "title": "Jackie Robinson Day" }, { "id": "12544507", "text": "Shea Stadium to honor Jackie by retiring his uniform number 42 in perpetuity. By establishing April 15 as 'Jackie Robinson Day' throughout Major League Baseball, we are further ensuring that the incredible contributions and sacrifices he made — for baseball and society — will not be forgotten.\" It began that Thursday morning with Sharon Robinson, ringing the ceremonial Opening Bell at the New York Stock Exchange. Rachel Robinson (Jackie Robinson's wife), officials from the Major League Baseball foundation, and officials of the Jackie Robinson Foundation (JRF) took part in the special ceremony honoring Jackie Robinson. Festivities took place in the", "title": "Jackie Robinson Day" }, { "id": "10331181", "text": "Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1955) Jackie Robinson (born May 20, 1955) is an American former professional basketball player. A 6'6\" forward from UNLV, Robinson played in the NBA from 1978 to 1982 as a member of the Seattle SuperSonics, Detroit Pistons, and Chicago Bulls. He averaged 3.8 points per game in his NBA career and won an NBA Championship with Seattle in 1979. Afterwards Robinson played five years in Europe, and upon retirement held executive positions in several Las Vegas companies that worked in retail, real estate, construction, credit, and the food and beverage industries. He was a one-time owner", "title": "Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1955)" }, { "id": "9343516", "text": "for ten seasons (1947-56), all with the Brooklyn Dodgers. A statue and a mural of Robinson can be found at the entrance concourse of the stadium. Jackie Robinson Stadium is located off-campus, on the west side of the Interstate 405 (San Diego) freeway, on the grounds of the Los Angeles Veterans Health Administration. Robinson's classmate, Hoyt Pardee (UCLA '41), gave a gift to help with the construction of the stadium. The stadium's \"Steele Field\" was dedicated in honor of the Steele Foundation on May 3, 2008, prior to a game against Arizona State, for its support of the stadium. The", "title": "Jackie Robinson Stadium" }, { "id": "215113", "text": "with another barnstorming team, while his fiancée Isum pursued nursing opportunities in New York City. On February 10, 1946, Robinson and Isum were married by their old friend, the Rev. Karl Downs. In 1946, Robinson arrived at Daytona Beach, Florida, for spring training with the Montreal Royals of the Class AAA International League (the designation of \"AAA\" for the highest level of minor league baseball was first used in the 1946 season). Clay Hopper, the manager of the Royals, asked Rickey to assign Robinson to any other Dodger affiliate, but Rickey refused. Robinson's presence was controversial in racially charged Florida.", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215119", "text": "season, Robinson returned home to California and briefly played professional basketball for the short-lived Los Angeles Red Devils. In 1947, the Dodgers called Robinson up to the major leagues six days before the start of the season. With Eddie Stanky entrenched at second base for the Dodgers, Robinson played his initial major league season as a first baseman. On April 15, Robinson made his major league debut at the relatively advanced age of 28 at Ebbets Field before a crowd of 26,623 spectators, more than 14,000 of whom were black. Although he failed to get a base hit, he walked", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "10023941", "text": "has battled addictions to numerous drugs, including crack, alcohol, and heroin, throughout his life, and has disappeared for years at a time. Ted Jackson, a photojournalist for \"The Times-Picayune\", discovered him homeless on the streets of New Orleans in 1990, which inspired Wallace to make an attempt at recovery; at the time, his whereabouts had been unknown for roughly a decade. He became sober, got married, and bought a house in the northeastern suburbs of Baltimore. His sobriety lasted until 2002, when a domestic dispute with his wife led to him fleeing back to the streets of New Orleans. After", "title": "Jackie Wallace" }, { "id": "223410", "text": "really did. I hated 'em all, back in that era.\" The Royals have retired the numbers of former players George Brett (No. 5) and Frank White (No. 20). Former manager Dick Howser's No. 10 was retired following his death in 1987. Former Brooklyn Dodgers player Jackie Robinson's No. 42 is retired throughout Major League Baseball. No. 29, worn by Royals greats Dan Quisenberry and Mike Sweeney, has not been assigned since Sweeney's departure in 2007, although the team has not officially retired the number. \"Statistics current through November 1, 2015\" , the Royals affiliate radio station is KCSP 610AM, the", "title": "Kansas City Royals" }, { "id": "215168", "text": "Jr., who sought Rachel Robinson's permission to wear the number. After receiving her permission, Commissioner Bud Selig not only allowed Griffey to wear the number, but also extended an invitation to all major league teams to do the same. Ultimately, more than 200 players wore number 42, including the entire rosters of the Los Angeles Dodgers, New York Mets, Houston Astros, Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, Milwaukee Brewers, and Pittsburgh Pirates. The tribute was continued in 2008, when, during games on April 15, all members of the Mets, Cardinals, Washington Nationals, and Tampa Bay Rays wore Robinson's number 42. On", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "1291925", "text": "in genuine tears; however, even after Cooper found out that his dog was fine, he was left with ill feelings towards his uncle. Cooper announced his retirement in 1989, although he was still directing episodes of the syndicated series \"Superboy\". He began spending more time training and racing horses at Hollywood Park and outside San Diego during the Del Mar racing season. He lived in Beverly Hills from 1955 until his death. He occasionally returned to the soundstage for retrospective and documentary programs about Hollywood in which he had worked for the entire sound period to date, and even some", "title": "Jackie Cooper" }, { "id": "215101", "text": "was reassigned to Fort Hood, Texas, where he joined the 761st \"Black Panthers\" Tank Battalion. While at Fort Hood, Robinson often used his weekend leave to visit the Rev. Karl Downs, President of Sam Huston College (now Huston-Tillotson University) in nearby Austin, Texas; Downs had been Robinson's pastor at Scott United Methodist Church while Robinson attended PJC. An event on July 6, 1944 derailed Robinson's military career. While awaiting results of hospital tests on the ankle he had injured in junior college, Robinson boarded an Army bus with a fellow officer's wife; although the Army had commissioned its own unsegregated", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "4014792", "text": "affected him in his last two years. In 1976, he was passed on the depth chart by J. V. Cain and was relegated to a backup role. On December 4, 1977, he announced his retirement after playing 15 seasons and 198 games. In August 1978, it was reported in the media that the Cardinals contacted Smith to return, but no contract was offered. Smith played in five straight Pro Bowls and posted more than 40 receptions in seven seasons. He is tied for the most seasons played in a Cardinals uniform with 15 and had a string of 45 straight", "title": "Jackie Smith" }, { "id": "215174", "text": "him. In 1976, his home in Brooklyn, the Jackie Robinson House, was declared a National Historic Landmark. Brooklyn residents want to turn his home into a city landmark. Robinson also has an asteroid named after him, 4319 Jackierobinson. In 1997, the United States Mint issued a Jackie Robinson commemorative silver dollar, and five-dollar gold coin. That same year, New York City renamed the Interboro Parkway in his honor. In 2011, the U.S. placed a plaque at Robinson's Montreal home to honor the ending of segregation in baseball. The house, at 8232 avenue de Gaspé near Jarry Park, was Robinson's residence", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215157", "text": "be tremendously more pleased and more proud when I look at that third base coaching line one day and see a black face managing in baseball.\" This wish was only fulfilled after Robinson's death: following the 1974 season, the Cleveland Indians gave their managerial post to Frank Robinson (no relation to Jackie), a Hall of Fame-bound player who would go on to manage three other teams. Despite the success of these two Robinsons and other black players, the number of African-American players in Major League Baseball has declined since the 1970s. After Robinson's retirement from baseball, his wife Rachel Robinson", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215136", "text": "shortly thereafter became general manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates. Robinson was disappointed at the turn of events and wrote a sympathetic letter to Rickey, whom he considered a father figure, stating, \"Regardless of what happens to me in the future, it all can be placed on what you have done and, believe me, I appreciate it.\" Before the 1951 season, O'Malley reportedly offered Robinson the job of manager of the Montreal Royals, effective at the end of Robinson's playing career. O'Malley was quoted in the \"Montreal Standard\" as saying, \"Jackie told me that he would be both delighted and honored", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215159", "text": "wounded in action on November 19, 1965. After his discharge, he struggled with drug problems. Robinson Jr. eventually completed the treatment program at Daytop Village in Seymour, Connecticut, and became a counselor at the institution. On June 17, 1971, he was killed in an automobile accident at age 24. The experience with his son's drug addiction turned Robinson Sr. into an avid anti-drug crusader toward the end of his life. Robinson did not long outlive his son. Complications from heart disease and diabetes weakened Robinson and made him almost blind by middle age. On October 24, 1972, nine days after", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215143", "text": "because of his diminishing abilities and because Gilliam was established at second base. Robinson, then 37 years old, missed 49 games and did not play in Game 7 of the World Series. Robinson missed the game because manager Walter Alston decided to play Gilliam at second and Don Hoak at third base. That season, the Dodgers' Don Newcombe became the first black major league pitcher to win twenty games in a year. In 1956, Robinson had 61 runs scored, a .275 batting average, and 12 steals. By then, he had begun to exhibit the effects of diabetes and to lose", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "1863686", "text": "retired the number 1 for Louisville native and Hall of Famer Harold \"Pee Wee\" Reese, and the number 42 in honor of his teammate on the Brooklyn Dodgers, Jackie Robinson (whose number was retired across all of Major League Baseball in 1997). This list contains former Louisville players who have played in at least 100 games in the major leagues: Listed below are the MLB broadcasting jobs that former Bats broadcasters have held since leaving the Bats Louisville Bats The Louisville Bats are a professional Minor League Baseball team based in Louisville, Kentucky. They play in the International League as", "title": "Louisville Bats" }, { "id": "215146", "text": "than simply a political matter. Martin Luther King, Jr. said that he was \"a legend and a symbol in his own time\", and that he \"challenged the dark skies of intolerance and frustration.\" According to historian Doris Kearns Goodwin, Robinson's \"efforts were a monumental step in the civil-rights revolution in America ... [His] accomplishments allowed black and white Americans to be more respectful and open to one another and more appreciative of everyone's abilities.\" Beginning his major league career at the relatively advanced age of twenty-eight, he played only ten seasons from 1947 to 1956, all of them for the", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215137", "text": "to tackle this managerial post\"—although reports differed as to whether a position was ever formally offered. During the 1951 season, Robinson led the National League in double plays made by a second baseman for the second year in a row, with 137. He also kept the Dodgers in contention for the 1951 pennant. During the last game of the regular season, in the 13th inning, he had a hit to tie the game, and then won the game with a home run in the 14th. This forced a best-of-three playoff series against the crosstown rival New York Giants. Despite Robinson's", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "215106", "text": "Monarchs sent him a written offer to play professional baseball in the Negro leagues. Robinson accepted a contract for $400 per month. Although he played well for the Monarchs, Robinson was frustrated with the experience. He had grown used to a structured playing environment in college, and the Negro leagues' disorganization and embrace of gambling interests appalled him. The hectic travel schedule also placed a burden on his relationship with Isum, with whom he could now communicate only by letter. In all, Robinson played 47 games at shortstop for the Monarchs, hitting .387 with five home runs, and registering 13", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "16387913", "text": "university sports in honor of Jackie Robinson, a four-sport star at UCLA who went on to a Hall of Fame career in Major League Baseball and broke that sport's 20th-century color line. While Robinson wore several different numbers while at the school from 1939 to 1941, the number 42 was chosen because it was the number he wore during his Brooklyn Dodgers career. The all-sports retirement had no effect on men's basketball since that number had already been retired for Hazzard; however, Robinson's 42 will be prominently displayed within all UCLA athletic venues, including Pauley Pavilion. UCLA Bruins men's basketball", "title": "UCLA Bruins men's basketball retired numbers" }, { "id": "215166", "text": "until such time as they subsequently changed teams or jersey numbers. This affected players such as the Mets' Butch Huskey and Boston's Mo Vaughn. The Yankees' Mariano Rivera, who retired at the end of the 2013 season, was the last player in Major League Baseball to wear jersey number 42 on a regular basis. Since 1997, only Wayne Gretzky's number 99, retired by the NHL in 2000, has been retired league-wide. There have also been calls for MLB to retire number 21 league-wide in honor of Roberto Clemente, a sentiment opposed by the Robinson family. The Hispanics Across America advocacy", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "10859020", "text": "1949 Brooklyn Dodgers season The 1949 Brooklyn Dodgers held off the St. Louis Cardinals to win the National League title by one game. The Dodgers lost the World Series to the New York Yankees in five games. Jackie Robinson led the NL in hitting and stolen bases and won the National League Most Valuable Player Award. Robinson was the first black player to win the NL MVP. \"Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in\" \"Note: G = Games played;", "title": "1949 Brooklyn Dodgers season" }, { "id": "7930930", "text": "Game 1. During Kellert's at bat, Jackie Robinson stole home, but Brooklyn lost to the New York Yankees, 6–5. Kellert pinch hit two more times, going hitless in Dodger losses in Games 2 and 6, but Brooklyn won the series in seven games for its only title before the Dodgers moved to Los Angeles after the 1957 season. A week after the Dodger championship, Kellert was placed on waivers and claimed by the Cubs, where he spent the 1956 season but hit only .186 as a part-time first baseman. He played three more seasons in the minors before retiring from", "title": "Frank Kellert" }, { "id": "215138", "text": "regular-season heroics, the Dodgers lost the pennant on Bobby Thomson's famous home run, known as the Shot Heard 'Round the World, on October 3, 1951. Overcoming his dejection, Robinson dutifully observed Thomson's feet to ensure he touched all the bases. Dodgers sportscaster Vin Scully later noted that the incident showed \"how much of a competitor Robinson was.\" He finished the season with 106 runs scored, a batting average of .335, and 25 stolen bases. Robinson had what was an average year for him in 1952. He finished the year with 104 runs, a .308 batting average, and 24 stolen bases.", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "7439017", "text": "was retired throughout baseball on April 15, 1997, the 50th anniversary of his debut with the Brooklyn Dodgers. The Yankees erected a plaque for Robinson reading: \"In becoming the first Major League player to break the color barrier, Jackie will forever be an inspiration with his grace, dignity and perseverance. His story and the stories of those who never had the same opportunity must never be forgotten.\" 42s were also painted in front of each dugout. Players active at the time of the number's retirement in 1997 were granted a special exemption permitting them to continue wearing the number for", "title": "Monument Park (Yankee Stadium)" }, { "id": "2740004", "text": "by Dave LaRoche. Signore was named the pitching coach for 2015, but was forced to miss the season due to the concussion. David Davalillo joined the Cyclones late in the 2014 season after the DSL Mets finished their season. A total of 10 numbers hang on the press level of MCU Park. Brooklyn Dodgers: 4: Duke Snider; 14: Joan & Gil Hodges 17: Carl Erskine; 36: Don Newcombe; 42: Jackie Robinson; Brooklyn Cyclones: 6: Danny Garcia; 19: Brian Bannister; 20: Dillon Gee; 35: Ángel Pagán; NOTE: A Cyclones player may still wear these numbers, with the exception of 14, &", "title": "Brooklyn Cyclones" }, { "id": "215141", "text": "batting average, and 17 steals, leading the Dodgers to another National League pennant (and another World Series loss to the Yankees, this time in six games). Robinson's continued success spawned a string of death threats. He was not dissuaded, however, from addressing racial issues publicly. That year, he served as editor for \"Our Sports\" magazine, a periodical focusing on Negro sports issues; contributions to the magazine included an article on golf course segregation by Robinson's old friend Joe Louis. Robinson also openly criticized segregated hotels and restaurants that served the Dodger organization; a number of these establishments integrated as a", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "13979706", "text": "the U.S. Army in his decision, since he knew that boos, taunts, and criticism was going to be directed at Robinson, and that Robinson had to be tough enough to withstand abuse without attempting to retaliate. The inclusion of Robinson on the team also led the Dodgers to move its spring training site. Prior to 1946, the Dodgers held their spring training in Jacksonville, Florida. However, the city's stadium refused to host an exhibition game with the Montreal Royals – the Dodgers’ own farm club – on whose roster Robinson appeared at the time, citing segregation laws. Nearby Sanford similarly", "title": "History of the Brooklyn Dodgers" }, { "id": "215149", "text": "referred to by author David Falkner as \"the father of modern base-stealing\". Historical statistical analysis indicates Robinson was an outstanding fielder throughout his ten years in the major leagues and at virtually every position he played. After playing his rookie season at first base, Robinson spent most of his career as a second baseman. He led the league in fielding among second basemen in 1950 and 1951. Toward the end of his career, he played about 2,000 innings at third base and about 1,175 innings in the outfield, excelling at both. Assessing himself, Robinson said, \"I'm not concerned with your", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "11122800", "text": "the Ben Turpin short \"Keystone Hotel\" in 1935. In the 1940s, Robinson was part of Preston Sturges' unofficial \"stock company\" of character actors, appearing in eight films written and directed by Sturges. In 1950, near the end of his career, Robinson played a Brooklyn Dodgers fan in \"The Jackie Robinson Story\" who progressed from bigotry to exuberant support of Jackie Robinson. Robinson died in Las Vegas, Nevada on December 11, 1950 from a heart attack, but because he worked so prolifically, films in which he appeared continued to be seen until 1952, when \"At Sword's Point\", a Musketeer adventure, was", "title": "Dewey Robinson" }, { "id": "13521579", "text": "performance at Dodger Stadium that December to continue his solo career. The following January, Marlon Jackson also announced he was leaving the group to pursue a solo career. In 1989, five years after their last album, the remaining quartet of Jackie, Tito, Jermaine and Randy released \"2300 Jackson Street\", which performed badly on the charts. After a brief promotional tour, the band went into hiatus and never recorded another album together. In September 2001, nearly 17 years after their last performance together, all six Jackson brothers reunited for two performances at Madison Square Garden for a , which aired in", "title": "The Jackson 5" }, { "id": "5837204", "text": "he was signed by the Fayetteville Patriots but did not play one game due to injury. In 2006, he was selected by the NBDL representative of the Los Angeles Lakers. On August 1, 2007, the Boston Celtics signed Jackie Manuel to a non-guaranteed one-year contract. On October 25, however, Manuel was waived by the team. On Sept. 24, 2008, Manuel would be selected as the expansion Erie BayHawks' second overall pick in the 2008 NBA D-League Expansion Draft. He was married in August 2005 to Ronda Jae Manuel. Manuel earned a B.A. in African-American studies from the University of North", "title": "Jackie Manuel" }, { "id": "1903687", "text": "you knew it, the blood stopped. I knew he was dead. He died in my arms.\" A lifelong chain smoker, Hodges had suffered a minor heart attack during a September 1968 game. Jackie Robinson, himself ill with heart disease and diabetes, told the Associated Press, \"He was the core of the Brooklyn Dodgers. With this, and what's happened to Campy (Roy Campanella) and lot of other guys we played with, it scares you. I've been somewhat shocked by it all. I have tremendous feelings for Gil's family and kids.\" Robinson died of a heart attack six months later on October", "title": "Gil Hodges" }, { "id": "5267732", "text": "the bench, in a 6–5 win for the National League, behind the Milwaukee Braves' Eddie Mathews. On the strength of Jackson's five continuous seasons in Chicago, the Dodgers, looking for a replacement for their aging All-Star third baseman Jackie Robinson, traded Don Hoak, Russ Meyer and Walt Moryn to the Cubs for Jackson and Don Elston. Jackson played off the bench behind Robinson in 1956. Despite having over 200 fewer plate appearances than in his previous year, he managed a .274 average with 8 home runs and 53 RBI. The Dodgers played in the famed \"subway Series\" against their hated", "title": "Randy Jackson (baseball)" }, { "id": "13979576", "text": "Trolley Dodgers) in the 1930s. During the Brooklyn era, the team won the AA championship in 1889 and National League championships twelve times (1890, 1899, 1900, 1916, 1920, 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955 1956) and won their first World Series championship in . The Brooklyn Dodgers had several Hall of Fame players on their rosters during this era including Roy Campanella, Leo Durocher, Burleigh Grimes, Willie Keeler, Pee Wee Reese, Wilbert Robinson, Duke Snider, Dazzy Vance, Zack Wheat and Jackie Robinson. Robinson, the first African American to play major professional baseball, made his debut as a Dodger in 1947", "title": "History of the Los Angeles Dodgers" }, { "id": "4675769", "text": "only 4 home runs, his lowest total since 2002. On September 1, he decided to undergo season-ending surgery on his neck to relieve the pain from a pinched nerve that had bothered him all season. On October 4, 2011, the Dodgers declined Blake's 2012 option, instead paying him a buyout of $1.25 million and making him a free agent. On December 20, 2011, Blake signed with the Colorado Rockies. However, he was released before the end of Spring Training on March 27, 2012. Blake announced his retirement on May 8, 2012. Blake spent time with his wife, four daughters and", "title": "Casey Blake" }, { "id": "6572902", "text": "Eddie Robinson (baseball) William Edward Robinson (born December 15, 1920) is an American former Major League Baseball first baseman, scout, coach and front office executive of the 1940s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s who, during a 13-year playing career (1942; 1946–57), was on the roster of seven of the eight American League teams then in existence (everyone except the Red Sox). He is the author of an autobiography, published in 2011, titled \"Lucky Me: My Sixty-five Years in Baseball\". He is also the last surviving member of the 1943 \"Navy World Series\". Robinson is the last living person to win", "title": "Eddie Robinson (baseball)" }, { "id": "2380156", "text": "doubles, home runs and RBI (.289, .377, .512, 100, 160, 36, 29, and 105 respectively). This was the best year by a Dodger second baseman since Jackie Robinson. While missing games early on in the 2006 season because of an oblique injury, he came back late in the season and helped the Dodgers reach the postseason. After the 2005 season, Kent signed an extension that would take him to the 2008 season. Following 2008, Kent announced his retirement from baseball on January 22, 2009. Kent and his wife Dana reside near Austin, Texas, where they raise their four children, a", "title": "Jeff Kent" }, { "id": "10896286", "text": "Jackie Robinson House The Jackie Robinson House is a historic house at 5224 Tilden Avenue in the Brooklyn borough of New York City. Built c. 1912-1916, it is prominent as the home of baseball great Jackie Robinson from 1947, when he was awarded Rookie of the Year, through 1949, when he was voted Most Valuable Player. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976. The Jackie Robinson House is located in Brooklyn's East Flatbush, neighborhood, at the southwest corner of Tilden Street and East 53rd Street. It is a modest two-story brick duplex, with the units set side-by-side. Each", "title": "Jackie Robinson House" }, { "id": "8432198", "text": "and the Robins, the last an informal name taken from their manager, Wilbert Robinson. The team name is short for \"trolley dodgers\", a reference to the many streetcar lines that once criss-crossed the borough. Perennial losers, the Dodgers were called \"bums\" by their fans, first with derision, eventually with affection. The Dodgers greatest achievement came in 1947 when Jackie Robinson took the field in a Dodgers uniform, the first Major League African American player of the modern era. The Brooklyn Dodgers won National League pennants in 1890, 1899, 1900, 1916, 1920, 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, and 1953, but lost the", "title": "Sports in Brooklyn" }, { "id": "13243328", "text": "on the paternity list. Robinson was optioned back to Tucson on August 17 without appearing in a game when Hundley returned. He was recalled on September 1 when rosters expanded. On September 25, Robinson hit a pinch-hit three-run home run in the eight inning to record both his first major league hit and home run. He was designated for assignment on September 30. Robinson was presented with a special recognition award by the Major League Baseball Players Association at the Baseball Canada National Teams Award Banquet in January, 2014. He retired from professional baseball in the 2014 off-season and became", "title": "Chris Robinson (baseball)" }, { "id": "215115", "text": "Wright did not cease training activities there; as a result, Robinson was sent back to Daytona Beach. In Jacksonville, the stadium was padlocked shut without warning on game day, by order of the city's Parks and Public Property director. In DeLand, a scheduled day game was postponed, ostensibly because of issues with the stadium's electrical lighting. After much lobbying of local officials by Rickey himself, the Royals were allowed to host a game involving Robinson in Daytona Beach. Robinson made his Royals debut at Daytona Beach's City Island Ballpark on March 17, 1946, in an exhibition game against the team's", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "5273789", "text": "her, and goes to her Chicago hotel to persuade her to take him back. During his conversation with Jackie, Kelso walks into the hotel room with a towel around his waist and a bucket of ice in his hands and implying that he and Jackie were about to have sex. Hyde goes to Las Vegas. When he comes back to Point Place, he has impulsively married a stripper named Samantha and she follows him back to Wisconsin. This effectively ends his and Jackie's relationship. Throughout season eight, Jackie remains single. She and Hyde, no longer together, have since remained good", "title": "Jackie Burkhart" }, { "id": "5764340", "text": "title with 52% of the fan vote. Robinson enjoyed his best season in 2008–2009, averaging 17.2 points per game, 4.1 assists per game, and almost 30 minutes per game. On February 23, 2009, Robinson scored 41 points and also had 8 rebounds. On August 12, 2009, Robinson reported on his Twitter page that he would change his number from number 4 to number 2 for the 2009–10 season. On September 25, 2009, Robinson re-signed with the New York Knicks to a one-year deal. After a series of disagreements, Mike D'Antoni removed Robinson from the Knicks' rotation for 14 games beginning", "title": "Nate Robinson" }, { "id": "13307736", "text": "of \"The Boston Globe\" praised her performance, calling her \"a marvel of natural transparency\". In 2013, Beharie starred as Rachel Robinson, wife of Jackie Robinson (played by Chadwick Boseman), in the historical baseball feature \"42\". The same year, she began portraying Abbie Mills on the Fox fantasy series \"Sleepy Hollow\", which is based on the 1820 short story \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" by Washington Irving. In Spring 2016, Beharie departed the series, with her character dying in the series' third-season finale, the episode entitled \"Ragnarok\", which was aired April 8, 2016. Beharie was in a relationship with actor Michael", "title": "Nicole Beharie" }, { "id": "11063585", "text": "#42 regularly. Art Silber, owner and coach of the Nationals' Class-A Affiliate Potomac, wears the number 42 as well. The Los Angeles Dodgers, for whom Robinson played (as a Brooklyn Dodger), had already retired the number in 1972 before Robinson's death. However, the #42 would be worn by a number of players other than Rivera in 2007, which marked the 60th anniversary of Robinson's first appearance in Major League Baseball (the event that broke the sport's 20th-century color line). Before the season, then-Cincinnati Reds outfielder Ken Griffey, Jr. asked Robinson's widow, Rachel Robinson, and MLB Commissioner Bud Selig for permission", "title": "Uniform number (Major League Baseball)" }, { "id": "10859101", "text": "1946 Brooklyn Dodgers season The 1946 Brooklyn Dodgers finished the season tied for first place with the St. Louis Cardinals. The two teams played in the first ever playoff series to decide the pennant, and the Cardinals took two straight to win the title. With their star players back from the war, Brooklyn had jumped back into serious contention. They would be respectable until their move to Los Angeles 10 years later. This season was the team's – and Major League Baseball's – last non-integrated one. On October 23, 1945, the Dodgers signed Jackie Robinson as a free agent. Robinson", "title": "1946 Brooklyn Dodgers season" }, { "id": "10859098", "text": "1946 Brooklyn Dodgers season The 1946 Brooklyn Dodgers finished the season tied for first place with the St. Louis Cardinals. The two teams played in the first ever playoff series to decide the pennant, and the Cardinals took two straight to win the title. With their star players back from the war, Brooklyn had jumped back into serious contention. They would be respectable until their move to Los Angeles 10 years later. This season was the team's – and Major League Baseball's – last non-integrated one. On October 23, 1945, the Dodgers signed Jackie Robinson as a free agent. Robinson", "title": "1946 Brooklyn Dodgers season" }, { "id": "792278", "text": "to denote the location, but it is difficult to locate, given the parklike setting and remote nature of the Toronto Islands. In 1946, Brooklyn Dodgers general manager Branch Rickey assigned new signing Jackie Robinson to the Montreal Royals of the International League, Brooklyn's Triple-A farm team. Robinson would famously go on to break Major League Baseball's color barrier the following year in 1947, but during his season in Montreal Robinson led the Royals to the Governors' Cup, the IL championship, and became a beloved figure in the city. In Ken Burns' documentary film Baseball, the narrator quotes Sam Maltin, a", "title": "History of baseball outside the United States" }, { "id": "6921025", "text": "mayor John Lindsay in 1969. An extension to Jamaica Bay was proposed in the 1963. This extension, proposed by Robert Moses, would run 3.4 miles through southern Brooklyn, specifically East New York, New Lots and Starrett City. Pennsylvania Avenue was presumed to serve as a service road for the extended parkway. Construction cost was estimated at $30 million and scheduled for completion in 1976. However, the extension was cancelled in the late 1960s. Part of the original parkway contract included the construction of a pair of service stations just west of exit 6 (Metropolitan Avenue) in Forest Park. The stone-faced", "title": "Jackie Robinson Parkway" }, { "id": "215123", "text": "not care if half the league strikes. Those who do it will encounter quick retribution. All will be suspended and I don't care if it wrecks the National League for five years. This is the United States of America and one citizen has as much right to play as another.\" Woodward's article received the E. P. Dutton Award in 1947 for Best Sports Reporting. \"New York Times\" columnist Red Smith turned to the Cardinals' 1947 racial strike in 1977, as a spate of commemorative articles appeared on the 30th anniversary of Robinson's signing with the Dodgers. Smith remembered his old", "title": "Jackie Robinson" }, { "id": "10129998", "text": "and environs, and as a venue for lectures, concerts and receptions. The foundation presents the ROBIE award, a tribute to an individual who has promoted and expanded opportunities for minorities in the corporate world. The 2016 awardees were Pittsburgh Steelers chairman Dan Rooney, founder of Bobbi Brown Cosmetics Bobbi Brown, and Vista Equity Partners chairman and CEO Robert F. Smith. Previous honorees have included Mariano Rivera, Bruce Ratner, Thomas Tull, Henry Louis Gates, Tyler Perry, Paul Tagliabue, Sean Combs, Rita Moreno, Robert Redford, George Lucas, Robin Roberts, John D. Finnegan, Joe J. Plumeri, Hillary Clinton, John Thain, Michael Jordan, Ella", "title": "Jackie Robinson Foundation" }, { "id": "9250659", "text": "often chant \"Dump Truck.\" He played another full season for New York—with similar results—before retiring in 1984–85. In 11 NBA seasons Robinson amassed 11,988 points and 7,267 rebounds. Truck Robinson Leonard Eugene \"Truck\" Robinson (born October 4, 1951) is an American retired professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Washington Bullets (1974–77), Atlanta Hawks (1977), New Orleans Jazz (1977–79), Phoenix Suns (1979–82), and New York Knicks (1982–85). He helped the Bullets win the 1975 NBA Eastern Conference and the Suns win the 1981 NBA Pacific Division. Robinson was named to the 1978 East All-Star", "title": "Truck Robinson" }, { "id": "5498941", "text": "Burt Shotton Burton Edwin Shotton (October 18, 1884 – July 29, 1962) was an American player, manager, coach and scout in Major League Baseball. As manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers (1947; 1948–50), he won two National League pennants and served as Jackie Robinson's first permanent Major League manager. Shotton was born in Brownhelm, a township in Lorain County, Ohio. In his playing days, he was a speedy outfielder — he was nicknamed \"Barney\" after race car driver Barney Oldfield — who batted left-handed and threw right-handed. The , Shotton compiled a .271 batting average with 1,338 hits in 1,387 Major", "title": "Burt Shotton" }, { "id": "19343663", "text": "him in their promotional materials. Robinson, who briefly played professional football in the old Pacific Coast League in the 1940s, was actually hired as a figurehead with little say over the day-to-day actions of the team; his role was mostly limited to public appearances, such as attending \"Jackie Robinson Day\" when the Dodgers played in Montreal, where he had played for the minor-league Montreal Royals in 1946. Andy Robustelli was the Dodgers' head coach, while Tom Kennedy, who also played with the club when it was in Providence in 1965, was the starting quarterback. After Kennedy led the Continental in", "title": "Brooklyn Dodgers (Continental Football League)" }, { "id": "215120", "text": "and scored a run in the Dodgers' 5–3 victory. Robinson became the first player since 1880 to openly break the major league baseball color line. Black fans began flocking to see the Dodgers when they came to town, abandoning their Negro league teams. Robinson's promotion met a generally positive, although mixed, reception among newspapers and white major league players. However, racial tension existed in the Dodger clubhouse. Some Dodger players insinuated they would sit out rather than play alongside Robinson. The brewing mutiny ended when Dodgers management took a stand for Robinson. Manager Leo Durocher informed the team, \"I do", "title": "Jackie Robinson" } ]	when did jackie robinson retire from the brooklyn dodgers
[ "Emma Stone" ]	[ { "id": "1283466", "text": "Howard in the 2007 film \"Spider-Man 3\" and by Emma Stone in the 2012 reboot film \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" and its sequel \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2.\" Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, Gwen Stacy first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #31 (December 1965). In her initial appearances, Peter Parker met Gwen while both were studying as undergraduates at Empire State University, but with Aunt May in the hospital, Peter was troubled and ignored her advances. She dated both Flash Thompson and Harry Osborn to make Peter jealous. Gradually, however, a romance developed; Gwen, a science major, appreciated", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "6928133", "text": "character. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Picture, and won Best Ensemble Cast from the Women Film Critics Circle and the Broadcast Film Critics Association. Stone declined a role in the action comedy film \"21 Jump Street\" after signing on to Marc Webb's 2012 film \"The Amazing Spider-Man\", a reboot of Sam Raimi's \"Spider-Man\" series. She portrayed Gwen Stacy, the love interest of the title character (played by Andrew Garfield). Stone returned to a blond hair color for the role, having dyed it red previously. She told \"The Vancouver Sun\" that she felt responsible to educate", "title": "Emma Stone" }, { "id": "4323679", "text": "George Stacy George Stacy is a supporting character in Marvel Comics's Spider-Man series. He is Gwen Stacy's father, and a strong supporter of Spider-Man often defending the superhero when others accuse. George Stacy first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #56 (1968), and was created by Stan Lee, John Romita Sr., and Don Heck. Little did Peter Parker know, after falling in love with Empire State University classmate Gwen Stacy that her father was Captain George Stacy, one of the most respected former police members in the NYPD. But even in retirement, Captain Stacy kept up with the happenings at the", "title": "George Stacy" }, { "id": "1283465", "text": "Gwen Stacy Gwendolyne Maxine \"Gwen\" Stacy is a fictional character who appears in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, usually as a supporting character in those featuring Spider-Man. A college student, she was a long-term romantic interest for Peter Parker before she was murdered by the Green Goblin (Norman Osborn). Spider-Man writers and fans often debate whether Peter's \"one true love\" is Gwen Stacy or Mary Jane Watson (Peter's later girlfriend and wife), though stories published long after her death indicate that Gwen still holds a special place in his heart. The character has been portrayed by Bryce Dallas", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283490", "text": "relationship with chemical weapon developer Norman Osborn. Mary Jane Watson, a popular actress in this reality, played Gwen Stacy in the film adaptation of Spider-Man's life story. Gwen and her father read textual accounts of their deaths in the main universe, though they believe this simply to be the morbid imaginings of Peter Parker, who is suffering from mental health issues. Gwen Stacy first appeared in \"Marvel Adventures Spider-Man\" #53 as a new student of Midtown High. She had transferred from her previous school after the Torino Gang, a powerful New York mob, began harassing her in an attempt to", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "3527385", "text": "2008 ceremony. The project got soundly negative reviews from the British media, while American reviewers gave it more favorable notice. That year, she wrote and directed a short film, \"Orchids\", as part of \"Glamour\" magazine's \"Reel Moments\" series funded by Cartier and FilmAid International. In 2007, Howard starred in her first blockbuster, \"Spider-Man 3\" as Peter Parker's classmate Gwen Stacy, a fan favorite. A challenge that came with playing Gwen was reminding fans of the good-intentioned character who was Peter's first love in the comics, yet came off as \"the other woman\" in the movie. Howard dyed her naturally red", "title": "Bryce Dallas Howard" }, { "id": "6928136", "text": "(2013), a crime thriller set in Los Angeles during the 1940s. \"The New York Times\" A. O. Scott dismissed the film as \"a hectic jumble of fedoras and zoot suits\", but praised her pairing with Gosling. Stone expressed a desire to work with Gosling on more projects. In 2014, Stone reprised the role of Gwen Stacy in \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\". In an interview with \"Total Film\", the actress explained that her character was not dependent on the film's protagonist. \"She saves him more than he saves her. She's incredibly helpful to Spider-Man ... He's the muscle, she's the brains.\"", "title": "Emma Stone" }, { "id": "6928115", "text": "wider recognition as Gwen Stacy in the 2012 superhero film \"The Amazing Spider-Man\", and its 2014 sequel. She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a recovering drug addict in the black comedy \"Birdman\" (2014). Her Broadway debut came in a revival of the musical \"Cabaret\" (2014–2015). She won an Academy Award for Best Actress for playing an aspiring actress in the romantic musical film \"La La Land\" (2016) and went on to portray Billie Jean King in the biographical sports film \"Battle of the Sexes\" (2017) and Abigail Masham in the historical drama \"The", "title": "Emma Stone" }, { "id": "8292671", "text": "delivered \"a vulnerability that raises the emotional stakes in a movie\", and proclaimed: \"Keep your eyes on Garfield — he's shatteringly good, the soul of a film that might otherwise be without one.\" Garfield was cast as Spider-Man/Peter Parker, opposite Emma Stone as his love interest Gwen Stacy, in Marc Webb's \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" (2012), a reboot of the \"Spider-Man\" film series. Garfield saw his casting as a \"massive challenge in many ways\", having to make the character \"authentic\" and \"live and breathe in a new way\". He described Peter as someone he could relate to and stated that the", "title": "Andrew Garfield" }, { "id": "16470064", "text": "hope to reprise his role, and in September 2012, it was confirmed that he would do so. Emma Stone was later confirmed to be reprising her role as Gwen Stacy, having signed a contract for two \"Amazing Spider-Man\" sequels. The original costume and mask from \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" was altered and has lens in the mask, making the eyes bigger. The web shooters were also modified. Actor J. K. Simmons expressed interest in reprising his role as J. Jonah Jameson from Sam Raimi's \"Spider-Man\" trilogy should the studio offer it to him. In October 2012, Electro was rumored as the", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man 2" }, { "id": "16460022", "text": "was also considered for the role of Gwen Stacy in the 2012 film \"The Amazing Spider-Man\", but lost the part to Emma Stone. In 2012, she appeared in the internationally acclaimed Australian film \"The Sapphires\", and made several guest appearances on the American FOX science-fiction series \"Fringe\", as Henrietta \"Etta\" Bishop. She appeared in \"Dance Academy\" and had a guest role in an episode of comedy series \"A Moody Christmas\". Haig started 2013 with work on the sketch comedy show \"The Elegant Gentleman's Guide to Knife Fighting\", playing a variety of characters. She then secured the lead role of Lee", "title": "Georgina Haig" }, { "id": "11158734", "text": "film \"Celebrities Anonymous\", directed by Dennis Hemphill Jr., alongside Lindsay Zir and Joey Kern. In 2010, she appeared in the supporting role of Minnow Hayes in the romantic comedy \"The Romantics\". That same year, she played Natalie in the musical drama film \"Burlesque\". She also appeared in \"Bold Native\", a film about animal liberation. In 2010, Agron auditioned for the role of Gwen Stacy for the reboot of the Spider-Man films, \"The Amazing Spiderman\", but lost out on the role to Emma Stone. In 2011, Agron appeared as Alice in the horror thriller \"The Hunters\", and as Sarah Hart in", "title": "Dianna Agron" }, { "id": "11284120", "text": "after the show. Longtime guitarist Patrick Meadows joined local Indiana band Barricades as their guitarist in 2015. Final lineup Former Timeline Gwen Stacy (band) Gwen Stacy was an American metalcore band from Indianapolis, Indiana. Their name came from the character Gwen Stacy, who appeared in the comic book \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" as the girlfriend of Peter Parker. They were from Indianapolis, Indiana, and were active between 2004 and 2010. The band announced a reunion in April 2014. Gwen Stacy formed as a band in mid-2004 by founding members Brent Schindler and T.J. Sego along with previous members, Chris Suter, and", "title": "Gwen Stacy (band)" }, { "id": "11284113", "text": "Gwen Stacy (band) Gwen Stacy was an American metalcore band from Indianapolis, Indiana. Their name came from the character Gwen Stacy, who appeared in the comic book \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" as the girlfriend of Peter Parker. They were from Indianapolis, Indiana, and were active between 2004 and 2010. The band announced a reunion in April 2014. Gwen Stacy formed as a band in mid-2004 by founding members Brent Schindler and T.J. Sego along with previous members, Chris Suter, and Josh Rickard. After several member changes the band was probably best recognized with members Cole Wallace, Brent Schindler, T.J. Sego, Patrick", "title": "Gwen Stacy (band)" }, { "id": "1283515", "text": "even took down Vulture. This lasted until a fight with the Sandman where both Harry and George Stacy got killed. The accident did something to the circuitry that enabled Gwen to control the Goblin Glider that left her mostly acting like the Green Goblin with no memory of being Gwen Stacy. Gwen Stacy Gwendolyne Maxine \"Gwen\" Stacy is a fictional character who appears in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, usually as a supporting character in those featuring Spider-Man. A college student, she was a long-term romantic interest for Peter Parker before she was murdered by the Green Goblin", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "14202291", "text": "role of the young Peter, who needed to resemble Garfield. Webb said, \"I think we saw the origin of Spider-Man before but not the origin of Peter Parker.\" Webb felt that when you try to build the film you must build the protagonist from the ground up. That's why he wanted Parker to begin as a child. It was reported originally that the film would feature both Mary Jane Watson and Gwen Stacy as love interests, but the website \"The Wrap\" later reported that only Gwen Stacy would appear. In August 2010, the list of candidates included Lily Collins, Ophelia", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film)" }, { "id": "4323692", "text": "NYPD's Special Crimes Task Force by Mayor J. Jonah Jameson who feared Stacy would undercut him. George remained in an advisory capacity helping Foggy Nelson and the District Attorney's office until the Vulture would be caught. The \"Spider-Geddon\" storyline features different versions of George Stacy: George Stacy George Stacy is a supporting character in Marvel Comics's Spider-Man series. He is Gwen Stacy's father, and a strong supporter of Spider-Man often defending the superhero when others accuse. George Stacy first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #56 (1968), and was created by Stan Lee, John Romita Sr., and Don Heck. Little did", "title": "George Stacy" }, { "id": "1283494", "text": "Gwen Stacy is the one bitten by the radioactive spider, and becomes a superhero going by the name of Spider-Woman. She is also a member of a band fronted by Mary Jane Watson, simply called the Mary Janes. Shortly after Gwen begins fighting crime, Peter Parker attempts to exact revenge on those who bullied him, becoming this universe's version of the Lizard. Gwen subdues him, but Peter dies towards the end of the battle due to the chemical he used. Spider-Woman is blamed for his death, causing an outcry for her arrest, led by J. Jonah Jameson. Her father, who", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "3527377", "text": "Branagh's 2006 film adaptation of \"As You Like It\" earned her a Golden Globe Award nomination. In 2006, she co-wrote and directed the short film \"Orchids\". Howard also appeared as Gwen Stacy in Sam Raimi's superhero film \"Spider-Man 3\" (2007). Howard became more recognizable to audiences as the vampire Victoria in \"\" (2010). This project, as well as the action film \"Terminator Salvation\" (2009), were financially successful, but garnered mixed reviews from critics. In 2011, she had supporting roles in the films \"50/50\" and \"The Help\". She gained further international recognition for playing Claire Dearing in the science fiction adventure", "title": "Bryce Dallas Howard" }, { "id": "16470062", "text": "Smythe, Dillon's boss and an Oscorp employee. Denis Leary reprises his role as George Stacy from the first film, where he appears as a ghost in Peter's visions, while Kari Coleman, Charlie DePew, Skyler Gisondo, and Jacob Rodier reprise their roles as Helen Stacy, Philip Stacy, Howard Stacy, and Simon Stacy, respectively. Spider-Man co-creator, Stan Lee, has a cameo appearance as a guest at Peter and Gwen's graduation ceremony. Michael Massee reprises his role as the \"Man in the Shadows\" from the first film, with the character now credited as \"Gustav Fiers (The Gentleman)\". Aidy Bryant appears as a woman", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man 2" }, { "id": "18950734", "text": "film \"\". In the primary continuity of the comic books comprising the Marvel Universe, college-student Gwen Stacy was the girlfriend of Peter Parker, whom she was unaware was also Spider-Man. This primary version of Gwen Stacy was killed in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #121 (June 1973). The concept of an alternate-universe, spider-powered Gwen Stacy was first conceptualized by longtime Spider-Man writer Dan Slott for the \"Spider-Verse\" story arc across multiple series. Slott had suggested \"Gwen Stacy as a Spider-Woman\" to Spider-Man editor Nick Lowe, who then approached Jason Latour to write a series based on that character. Latour was concerned about", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "1970580", "text": "Mary Jane Watson Mary Jane \"MJ\" Watson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and created by Stan Lee and John Romita Sr. The character made her first appearance in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #25. Since then she has gone on to become Peter Parker's main love interest and later his wife. Initially set up by Aunt May as a blind date, redheaded party girl Mary Jane \"MJ\" was formerly depicted as Gwen Stacy's competition. Though Peter dated her briefly before Gwen, both of them broke it off as Peter saw her flamboyance and 'life", "title": "Mary Jane Watson" }, { "id": "1283477", "text": "was in fact the second Gwen clone Miles Warren created and has been living in London under the name Joyce Delaney. This clone is murdered by the Gwen Stacy clone known as Abby-L. Another Gwen clone appears in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #399 (March 1995). This clone believes she is the real Gwen. She dies from clone degeneration in \"Spider-Man\" #56 (March 1995), the next issue of the story arc. A further Gwen clone appears in the \"Sibling Rivalry\" crossover storyline between \"Superior Spider-Man Team-Up\" and \"Scarlet Spider\". She joins the Jackal (alongside Carrion and a regular Miles Warren clone) in", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283468", "text": "his guilt stopped him from proposing. Gwen's feelings for Peter eventually prompted her to return to New York, and their relationship was rekindled. According to Lee, who scripted all of the stories featuring Gwen Stacy up to this point, the original intent was for Gwen Stacy to be Spider-Man's central love interest, \"but no matter how we [i.e. Lee and his artist/co-plotter collaborators] wrote it, Mary Jane always seemed more interesting!\" Gerry Conway and Roy Thomas succeeded Stan Lee as writer and editor, respectively, of \"The Amazing Spider-Man\". Together with inker John Romita, Sr., they came to the decision to", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "2767164", "text": "performed the voice of Princess Elise from the game \"Sonic the Hedgehog\" for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. She also voiced Gwen Stacy in the animated series \"The Spectacular Spider-Man\". Chabert, along with Lindsay Lohan, Rachel McAdams, and Amanda Seyfried, won the 2005 MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team for \"Mean Girls\". She won both the 1997 and 1998 \"The Hollywood Reporter\" Annual YoungStar Award for Best Performance by a Young Actress in a Drama TV Series for \"Party of Five\", and had been nominated three other times for work from 1999 to 2000. The YoungStar awards honor", "title": "Lacey Chabert" }, { "id": "1283469", "text": "have Gwen Stacy killed off. It was Romita who first suggested the idea, during a plotting session with Conway when Romita was still penciller on \"The Amazing Spider-Man\". Conway later said his contribution to the decision was motivated by a desire to bring Mary Jane Watson to the forefront, as he shared Lee's feeling that she was a more interesting character than Gwen Stacy: \"[Mary Jane] hadn't lost the edge that made her an interesting character. Gwen didn't have an edge. She was just a nice person.\" The Green Goblin kidnaps Gwen Stacy and throws her off the George Washington", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "14202302", "text": "Side, was used as the exterior for the home of Gwen Stacy and her family. A row of houses on Fuller Place in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Windsor Terrace stood in for the Forest Hills, Queens neighborhood of Ben and May Parker. A web-swinging stunt sequence takes place along the Riverside Drive Viaduct in Harlem. The film was the first Hollywood production to be filmed with the Red Digital Cinema Camera Company's RED Epic camera and was shot in 3-D at 5K resolution. Cinematographer John Schwartzman had this to say about the camera: \"Today was Epic, Monday December 6 marks", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film)" }, { "id": "1283489", "text": "her name is actually \"Gwen Poole\", not Gwen Stacy, or even an alternate version of Gwen Stacy. Following the publication of the one-shot, an ongoing series titled \"The Unbelievable Gwenpool\" by the same creative team was announced, starting in April 2016. In the reality seen in the \"House of M\" storyline, in which the Scarlet Witch alters reality to make mutants the ruling class over humans, Gwen was never killed. Instead, she married Peter Parker, and the couple had a young son. She had become a scientist, a savvy businesswoman, and a peace activist – and had a decidedly hostile", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "5707251", "text": "The Night Gwen Stacy Died \"The Night Gwen Stacy Died\" is a story arc of the Marvel Comics comic book series \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #121–122 (June–July 1973), that became a watershed event in the life of the superhero Spider-Man, one of popular culture's most enduring and recognizable fictional characters. The two-issue story, written by Gerry Conway, with pencil art by Gil Kane and inking by John Romita Sr. and Tony Mortellaro, features Spider-Man's fight against his nemesis, the Green Goblin. The Green Goblin abducts Spider-Man's girlfriend Gwen Stacy, and she is killed during the battle. Prior to this arc, Norman", "title": "The Night Gwen Stacy Died" }, { "id": "20262881", "text": "New Form Incubator program. In 2015, she was the backstage correspondent for the second season of \"Fake Off\", which was a talent show broadcast on TruTV. She signed a deal with Disney's Maker Studios where she worked on creating online content in the entertainment industry. Her YouTube channel went over 1 million subscribers. In October of that year, she and other YouTube creators made a project called \"Spider-Man Murder Mystery\" which ran on Instagram. Camarena played character Gwen Stacy, who also goes by \"Spider-Gwen\". She starred as one of the eight correspondents of \"Unlocked: The World of Games, Revealed\", a", "title": "Meghan Camarena" }, { "id": "1283476", "text": "Warren has perfected the art of cloning and thus lies to the New Men that it was nothing more than a genetic construct created by a virus that he injected into his apprentice, Joyce Delaney. During the second \"Clone Saga\", Gwen Stacy's clone, now married to a clone of Professor Warren named Warren Miles, sees a copy of Peter Parker's book of Spider-Man photos, \"Webs\", and remembers (to an extent) her real history. She returns to New York City. During this storyline, she again disappears from Spider-Man's life. It was revealed the Gwen Stacy clone introduced in \"Amazing Spider-Man\" #144", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "16470052", "text": "to rewrite it. The film stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Dane DeHaan as Green Goblin / Harry Osborn, Campbell Scott and Embeth Davidtz as Peter's parents, and Sally Field as Aunt May, with the addition of Paul Giamatti as Rhino / Aleksei Sytsevich and Jamie Foxx as Electro / Max Dillon. Development of \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\" began after the success of \"The Amazing Spider-Man\". DeHaan, Giamatti, Jones, and Cooper were cast between December 2012 and February 2013. Filming took place in New York City from February to June 2013. The film", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man 2" }, { "id": "18950739", "text": "the second volume of \"Spider-Verse\" in a series titled \"Web Warriors\", a name that was coined by Peter Parker from the \"Ultimate Spider-Man\" TV series during the original \"Spider-Verse\". In 2016, the character starred alongside Miles Morales in a crossover storyline titled \"Sitting in a Tree\" where she gets romantically involved with Miles. In the alternate reality designated Earth-65, Gwen Stacy from Midtown High School is the one bitten by the radioactive spider and becomes a superhero going by the name of Spider-Woman. As Gwen Stacy, she is depicted as a drummer alongside her friends, Mary Jane Watson, Betty Brant", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "18950732", "text": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy) Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy; colloquial: \"Spider-Gwen\", \"White Widow\" or \"Ghost Spider\") is a fictional superhero in comic books published by Marvel Comics. She was created by Jason Latour and Robbi Rodriguez. The character debuted in \"Edge of Spider-Verse\" #2 as part of the 2014–15 \"Spider-Verse\" comic book storyline, leading to the ongoing series \"Spider-Gwen\" that commenced in 2015. Spider-Woman is a variant of Spider-Man and an alternate-universe version of Gwen Stacy. She resides in what Marvel dubs Earth-65, where Gwen Stacy is bitten by a radioactive spider and becomes a superheroine instead of Peter Parker becoming Spider-Man. The", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "18950762", "text": "Spider-Gwen. Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy) Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy; colloquial: \"Spider-Gwen\", \"White Widow\" or \"Ghost Spider\") is a fictional superhero in comic books published by Marvel Comics. She was created by Jason Latour and Robbi Rodriguez. The character debuted in \"Edge of Spider-Verse\" #2 as part of the 2014–15 \"Spider-Verse\" comic book storyline, leading to the ongoing series \"Spider-Gwen\" that commenced in 2015. Spider-Woman is a variant of Spider-Man and an alternate-universe version of Gwen Stacy. She resides in what Marvel dubs Earth-65, where Gwen Stacy is bitten by a radioactive spider and becomes a superheroine instead of Peter Parker becoming Spider-Man.", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "2661204", "text": "Curse of Monkey Island\" and the English version of \"\". She worked on other series including \"Jay Jay the Jet Plane\", \"Oh Yeah! Cartoons\", \"The Fairly OddParents\", and several female voices in \"The Tick\" animated series. She also provided the voice of Gwen Stacy in the final episode of \"Spider-Man\". Bergman voiced the Scooby-Doo character Daphne Blake in \"Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island\" (1998), \"Scooby-Doo! and the Witch's Ghost\" (1999) and \"Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders\" (2000), this last one being a posthumous release and final film role, dedicated to her. Her other film role was in \"\" (2002), released three", "title": "Mary Kay Bergman" }, { "id": "9130200", "text": "Avengers\": \"What I'm trying to say to you without giving anything away is hopefully all these worlds will live together in peace someday.\" Sony announced that the franchise would be rebooted with a new director and new cast. \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" was released on July 3, 2012 in 3D and IMAX 3D, and focused on Peter Parker (Andrew Garfield) developing his abilities in high school and his relationship with Gwen Stacy. He fights the Lizard, the monstrous form of Dr. Curt Connors, his father's former partner and a scientist at OsCorp. The film takes place two years after the first", "title": "Spider-Man in film" }, { "id": "1283508", "text": "Gwen Stacy is still the original Ultimate Carnage Spider-Man faced earlier in its run. After \"devouring\" Gwen, this incarnation of Carnage has gone on to mimic her \"essence\" and now believes itself to be Gwen Stacy. During the \"War of the Symbiotes\" storyline, Gwen/Carnage's back story in the Triskelion is revealed. It is shown Gwen has been taking some form of therapy with Tony Stark. However, when the Green Goblin broke out of the Triskelion, Gwen escaped and went to Peter Parker's house in a confused and terrified state, with Carnage's face on her body. During an exchange between Peter", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283475", "text": "after Gwen Stacy's death, \"Gwen\" reappears, perfectly healthy but with no memory of the time since her death. This story, published in \"Amazing Spider-Man\" #144 (May 1975), initiated the original Clone Saga. At the end of that story, Gwen's clone, a creation of Spider-Man villain the Jackal, leaves to find a new life for herself, coming to accept that she is not really the same person who had a relationship with Peter Parker. In the 1988 crossover \"The Evolutionary War\", the High Evolutionary, who had once been Miles Warren's teacher, captures Gwen's clone. He is dismayed to learn that Miles", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283481", "text": "More Day\", the story would have ended with Gwen Stacy being resurrected by Mephisto's reality-warping spell along with Harry Osborn, but it was eventually decided to let her remain dead. Her son, Gabriel, has reappeared in subsequent stories. In the \"\" storyline, a flashback revealed that Gwen Stacy was conscious during Spider-Man and Green Goblin's battle on the bridge, and as she was falling to her death. She overheard their conversation and discovered Peter is Spider-Man. She was angry at Peter for keeping this secret and for his involvement in her father's death. In the present, Gwen is supposedly revived", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "18372151", "text": "beginning of Spider-Gwen, high school student Gwen Stacy was bitten by a radioactive spider. This granted her all of the quintessential Spider-Man powers, and Stacy began her career as Spider-Woman. In her regular life, she began a relationship with Peter Parker and formed a friend group with Parker and ostracized new student Harry Osborn, who is later revealed to have had a crush on her. Meanwhile, Peter began his infatuation with Spider-Woman — without knowing that she is secretly his best friend Gwen Stacy. The bullied Peter's suffering worsens, and eventually, he creates a formula that turns him into a", "title": "Spider-Gwen" }, { "id": "1283502", "text": "2001) as a teenage girl at Peter's high school. In this continuity, Gwen, whose rendition by artist Mark Bagley was inspired by an early-career Madonna, has amber eyes, wears punk-style clothing, and harbors a rebellious personality. In her first appearance she gives a rousing speech on 'super powers'; in the next issue she pulls a knife on Kong, a classmate who was bullying Peter. She is suspended from school temporarily. Gwen becomes friends with Peter, which leads Mary Jane Watson to believe Gwen is vying for his affections. Gwen is later taken in by Aunt May after her father, police", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283478", "text": "capturing Superior Spider-Man and Kaine. She is sympathetic towards \"Peter\" and Kaine, but at the same time utterly loyal to the Jackal. When the Spiders break free, Superior Spider-Man disarms and attempts to kill her, but is stopped by Kaine. When the Jackal's lab is engulfed in flames, Kaine offers to save her, but she refuses, and is seemingly consumed by the fire. The story arc \"Sins Past\" by J. Michael Straczynski in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #509–514 (August 2004–January 2005) reveals Norman Osborn, the Green Goblin's alter ego, fathered twins, a boy and a girl, with Gwen Stacy, to whom", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "2903251", "text": "2009, they reside in the San Fernando Valley near Los Angeles, California. Conway's ancestral family background is Irish, as he described in his blog: Conway was raised a Christian, but stated in a 2013 interview that he does not \"have any religious belief at this point\". Gerry Conway Gerard Francis Conway (born September 10, 1952) is an American writer of comic books and television shows. He is known for co-creating the Marvel Comics' vigilante the Punisher and scripting the death of the character Gwen Stacy during his long run on \"The Amazing Spider-Man\". At DC Comics, he is known for", "title": "Gerry Conway" }, { "id": "18950736", "text": "trench coat that would have been red with webs. Slott ultimately approved of Rodriquez' design. The character debuted in \"Edge of Spider-Verse\" #2 on September 17, 2014 and is commonly referred to as Spider-Gwen. Latour's inspiration for creating the character came when he realized that he was not familiar with Gwen Stacy outside of being a \"fridged\" character who was killed for the sake of the hero as a plot progression. Latour also felt he grew up in times when white males were dominant in superhero comics, and saw Gwen Stacy as a potential heroine to represent women in a", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "1283470", "text": "Bridge in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #121 (June 1973). Both the decision to kill Gwen and the method in which Marvel implemented it remain controversial among fans because some believe that Peter himself was the one who caused her death. The death became a pivotal point in both Spider-Man’s history and in American comic books in general. Many point to Gwen's death as the end of the Silver Age of Comics. Before her death, except possibly as part of an origin story, superheroes did not fail so catastrophically, nor did the hero's loved ones die so suddenly and without warning. In", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283501", "text": "date for a time, though Gwen breaks up with Peter when she learns Mary Jane is the girl he truly loves. MJ, attempting to fix this, breaks up with Peter and reunites with Harry. Peter cannot commit to Gwen. She is unwilling to accept him as a friend and not a boyfriend. In the fourth issue of the comic book based on the \"Spider-Man Unlimited\" animated series, Spidey encounters a Counter-Earth version of Gwen Stacy. She helps him escape a hidden paradise known as \"The Haven\". In the Ultimate Marvel continuity, Gwen Stacy first appears in \"Ultimate Spider-Man\" #14 (December", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "12312228", "text": "the indie film \"Float\" and the Lionsgate film \"The Take\". LeBar has appeared as a guest star many times in his career. He has worked on \"Castle\", \"CSI NY\", \"Pushing Daisies\", \"Tell Me You Love Me\", \"Boston Public\", and \"Seventh Heaven\". From 2008 to 2009, LeBar played Flash Thompson on the animated \"The Spectacular Spider-Man\". The show also starred Josh Keaton (Spider-Man) and Lacey Chabert (Gwen Stacy). In 2009 LeBar formed the production company Dime Films with actress Leighton Meester. LeBar also manages the Los Angeles-based band Check in the Dark. The band worked with producer Tal Herzberg on an", "title": "Joshua LeBar" }, { "id": "1283497", "text": "out for each other. Gwen is sent to recruit an alternate version of Peter Parker who is driven insane after he failed to save the Gwen Stacy in his dimension, killed the Green Goblin, and became the Hobgoblin. She tells him that he can become the man he once was if he joins them, but they are attacked by the Inheritors. Hobgoblin sacrifices himself to save Gwen. After the events of \"Spider-Verse\", Gwen returns to her home of Earth-65 where she continues her career as Spider-Woman in her own solo series, \"Spider-Gwen\". She first saves George Stacy from mercenary Aleksei", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "18950754", "text": "was a role reversal that felt \"enriching\" to what the creators attended to do, which gave Gwen Stacy \"a reason to live\". After saving her father's life and revealing her identity to him, she vows to use her powers to stop crime. Captain Stacy is then depicted as choosing his daughter over his job. Meagan Damore of Comic Book Resources opined that even though Captain Stacy is no Uncle Ben, he fills the wise mentor role for Gwen very well. Spider-Woman was originally depicted as having similar powers to Spider-Man, which originated from a bite by a radioactive spider. These", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "5774017", "text": "character in \"Ultimate Spider-Man.\" Writer Brian Michael Bendis changed her name to Jeanne De Wolfe. In Captain Jeanne De Wolfe's first appearance she is shown outside a bank being robbed by an impersonator Spider-Man, though her name was written as it was in the regular Marvel Universe (Jean DeWolff). It is this impersonator who killed Captain Stacy, Gwen Stacy's father. Spider-Man arrives and attacks the man, nearly killing the imposter in his rage. However, Spider-Man comes to his senses and instead webs up the imposter and leaves him for the police. Her next appearance is following a fight between Spider-Man", "title": "Jean DeWolff" }, { "id": "1283493", "text": "Harry Osborn. The zombified Spider-Man travels to this earth and, despite his best intentions, turns the Sinister Six. They then slay and partly consume Gwen and her friends. To stop the spread of the virus, Spider-Man obliterates the bodies. In the \"Powerless\" mini-series, Gwen Stacy again appears as the girlfriend of Peter Parker. Norman Osborn again kidnaps and attempts to kill her as a part of a plan to intimidate Peter. In a twist, the powerless Peter (with a limb crippled from a spider bite) manages to save Gwen from falling to her death. In the alternate reality designated Earth-65,", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283510", "text": "life. Her ghastly experience with the Carnage symbiote also causes her to develop a death anxiety she gradually controls. Six months after the \"Ultimatum\" storyline, in \"Ultimate Comics Spider-Man\" #1, Gwen is living with the Parkers again and seems to be dating Peter. However, circumstances involving the Chameleon made Gwen realize she made a mistake dating Peter. She breaks up with him, but still lives with the Parkers due to Gwen and Aunt May has become close in a surrogate mother-daughter fashion. After Peter's death, Gwen and May re-located in France, but returned to New York after hearing about the", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "18950756", "text": "events of \"Spider-Verse\". She is commonly depicted as using her smartphone for superhero equipment. As the daughter of a police captain, Spider-Woman has detective skills and analytical thinking. She is not trained in fighting, but has picked up on elements from kung fu films. The character is eventually depicted as depowered, with Earth-65's Reed Richards helping her regain her power through isotopes. Gwen Stacy's Spider-Woman has received critical acclaim from reviewers. Her design has also been cited as a popular choice for cosplay and fan art after her debut. Evan Narcisse of \"Kotaku\" opined that the character design is part", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "1283505", "text": "monster made by the splicing of genetic material from Peter Parker, his father, and Dr. Curt Connors. Although Peter is not in the area when she dies, he still feels some responsibility for her death, as he allowed Dr. Connors to use his genetic material for experimentation. His guilt makes him decide to retire as Spider-Man for a while. Eventually, he takes up his hero identity when his responsibility for the innocent becomes too great to overlook. At the end of the arc, there was an issue that dealt with Gwen's death. Flash Thompson makes an off-color remark about Gwen's", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "11196134", "text": "Gabriel Stacy and Sarah Stacy Gabriel Stacy and Sarah Stacy are the fictional twin children of Norman Osborn and Gwen Stacy appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Both first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #509 (August 2004) and appeared in \"The Spectacular Spider-Man\", while the former only appeared in the limited series \"Amazing Spider-Man presents: American Son\". The story arc \"Sins Past\" by J. Michael Straczynski in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #509-514 (August 2004 - January 2005) reveals that Norman Osborn, Green Goblin's alter ego, fathered twins with Gwen Stacy, a boy and a girl to whom she", "title": "Gabriel Stacy and Sarah Stacy" }, { "id": "1283498", "text": "Sytsevich who was sent by Wilson Fisk and his lawyer Matt Murdock to target him. Then she begins a hunt for the Vulture who has been terrorizing the city in her absence. She appears as one of the main characters in the \"Secret Wars\" \"Spider-Verse\" event with Spider-Ham, Spider-Girl, Spider-UK, Spider-Man Noir, and Spider-Man India in a Battleworld called Archania ruled by Norman Osborn. They eventually form a team called the Web Warriors where they help other Spider-Men and Women in various dimensions. A child version of her also appears in \"Giant Size Little Marvel Avengers vs X-Men\" as a", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "14202298", "text": "of Gwen Stacy instead of that world's punk rocker, though he states that the \"texture\" of the romantic relationship between her and Peter is based on that of the \"Ultimate\" versions of Peter and Mary Jane. The release of Lizard merchandise designs along with unconfirmed concept art featuring a humanoid-shape with a layer of scales on top instead of a pronounced snout (similar to a dinosaur or crocodile) as in the most recent comics, produced a mixed reaction. Many commenters compared it to other fictional characters instead of his rendering in comics. Russ Fischer of /Film described the character as", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film)" }, { "id": "384876", "text": "Betty Brant, the secretary to the \"Daily Bugle\" newspaper publisher J. Jonah Jameson. After his breakup with Betty Brant, Parker eventually falls in love with his college girlfriend Gwen Stacy, daughter of New York City Police Department detective captain George Stacy, both of whom are later killed by supervillain enemies of Spider-Man. Mary Jane Watson eventually became Peter's best friend and then his wife. Felicia Hardy, the Black Cat, is a reformed cat burglar who had been Spider-Man's sole superhuman girlfriend and partner at one point. Writers and artists over the years have established a rogues gallery of supervillains to", "title": "Spider-Man" }, { "id": "1283499", "text": "new kid that Tony Stark tries to ask out on a date. She rejects him because he's a kid with a goatee and mustache. Another version of her is a member of Arcadia's's A-Force. On Earth-8, she is married to Miles Morales and they have two children with Spider Powers. In an issue of Web Warriors, Spider-Punk mentions that the Gwen Stacy in his dimension was a musical icon. Issue #1 of \"\" follows the fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood, reimagined with Mary Jane Watson as the titular character. Gwen Stacy has been previously killed by the wolf.", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283491", "text": "keep her father, police captain George Stacy, from arresting members of their gang. However, the Torinos continued to harass Gwen at Midtown, prompting Spider-Man to help the police take down the gang. Like her father, Gwen believes Spider-Man is a hero. She subsequently began participating in a \"Spider-Man Appreciation Society\" designed to foster better public opinion of Spider-Man. Gwen is also attracted to Spider-Man's alter ego Peter Parker; although she openly flirted with him, Peter began dating a different girl, Sophia \"Chat\" Sanduval, which made Gwen very unhappy. Later, Gwen was brainwashed by Emma Frost into believing \"she\" was dating", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "1283487", "text": "thwarted, Spider-Man and Anna check the building and see that Gwen has been reduced to dust. In the two-issue mini-series \"X-Universe\", which details what happened to the rest of the Marvel Universe during the \"Age of Apocalypse\" storyline, the Green Goblin never killed Gwen Stacy. Instead she became the bodyguard of Donald Blake, who, in this reality, had never become the Mighty Thor. Sometime later in the mainstream universe in X-Man #37, the Age of Apocalypse version of Gwen is pulled from her reality to the mainstream Earth's George Washington Bridge, much to Spider-Man's shock. Due to the popularity of", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "18950733", "text": "character also has to deal with various enemies, including Earth-65 versions of Matt Murdock and Frank Castle. Gwen Stacy's Spider-Woman is depicted as harboring much of Peter's personality and conflicts along with sharing his powers and abilities. Spider-Woman was met with positive reviews from critics, with them applauding her design—which was cited as a popular choice for cosplay—and a feminist perspective. For promotion, several other versions of the character were developed, accompanied by merchandise. She was also featured on animated television series and in multiple video games as a playable character. Hailee Steinfeld voices the character in the 2018 animated", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "5707260", "text": "catches her. In \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #125 (Oct. 1973), Marvel Comics editor Roy Thomas wrote in the letters column that \"it saddens us to have to say that the whiplash effect she underwent when Spidey's webbing stopped her so suddenly was, in fact, what killed her. In short, it was impossible for Peter to save her. He couldn't have swung down in time; the action he did take resulted in her death; if he had done nothing, she still would certainly have perished. There was no way out.\" In the History Channel special \"Spider-Man Tech\", Stan Lee states that her", "title": "The Night Gwen Stacy Died" }, { "id": "1283467", "text": "Peter's intellect. Their relationship began almost immediately after Peter stopped going out with Mary Jane Watson, whom he began to see as shallow and self-absorbed. Later issues introduced Gwen's father, NYPD Captain George Stacy. Though her father was both fond of Peter and supportive of his alter-ego Spider-Man, his death strained Peter's relationship with Gwen after he was killed by falling debris during a battle involving Spider-Man and Doctor Octopus. Gwen blamed Spider-Man for his death, and left for Europe to cope with her loss. She wanted Peter to ask her to marry him and convince her to stay, but", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "2903235", "text": "Gerry Conway Gerard Francis Conway (born September 10, 1952) is an American writer of comic books and television shows. He is known for co-creating the Marvel Comics' vigilante the Punisher and scripting the death of the character Gwen Stacy during his long run on \"The Amazing Spider-Man\". At DC Comics, he is known for co-creating the superhero Firestorm and others, and for writing the \"Justice League of America\" for eight years. Conway wrote the first major, modern-day intercompany crossover, \"Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man\". Born in Brooklyn, New York City, Conway grew up a comic fan; a letter from him", "title": "Gerry Conway" }, { "id": "10804", "text": "Parker's graduation from high school. Peter began attending Empire State University in #31 (Dec. 1965), the issue which featured the first appearances of friends and classmates Gwen Stacy and Harry Osborn. Harry's father, Norman Osborn first appeared in #23 (April 1965) as a member of Jameson's country club but is not named nor revealed as Harry's father until #37 (June 1966). One of the most celebrated issues of the Lee-Ditko run is #33 (Feb. 1966), the third part of the story arc \"If This Be My Destiny...!\", which features the dramatic scene of Spider-Man, through force of will and thoughts", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man" }, { "id": "1283504", "text": "on him. He manages to convince her he is not to blame for her father's death. Gwen runs off but returns, explaining she is just really mad at everything at the moment. She wouldn't have really shot him, a fact Peter already knew because his spider sense didn't go off despite Gwen's wrath. Gwen then agrees to keep his secret. Gwen Stacy dies in \"Ultimate Spider-Man\" #62. Before her death, she made peace with Mary Jane and assured her she never had romantic feelings for Peter. She considered him just as a friend. She is killed by Carnage, a vampiric", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "20313065", "text": "Spider-Man Versus Kraven the Hunter Spider-Man Versus Kraven the Hunter is a 1974 American superhero short film written and directed by Bruce Cardozo. It is a fan film that was endorsed by Marvel Comics and authorized by Stan Lee. According to an article in the 1975 issue of FOOM, the film features appearances by Kraven the Hunter and Gwen Stacy, and the story is based on issue fifteen of the comic book, \"The Amazing Spider-Man\". In October 1972, Cardozo wrote a letter to Stan Lee explaining the project. He received a very enthusiastic letter of approval providing the film was", "title": "Spider-Man Versus Kraven the Hunter" }, { "id": "1283500", "text": "Issue #4 is an adaption of Cinderella with Gwen as Princess Gwendolyn. She falls in love with the masked \"Prince of Arachne,\" who is revealed to be Peter Parker, servant to Sir Osborn, but is killed during a fight between Osborn and Parker. Gwen Stacy first appears at the end of \"Spider-Man Loves Mary Jane\" #5. She is the new girl at school and quickly becomes close friends with Peter Parker. In \"Spider-Man Loves Mary Jane\" #9, Peter and Gwen take their relationship to the next level by sharing a tender kiss, much to the dismay of Mary Jane. They", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "5707255", "text": "has lost a close friend with Gwen's death, and the two attempt to comfort each other in the wake of their loss. Stan Lee, co-creator of both Spider-Man and Gwen Stacy, recounted that \"Amazing Spider-Man\" writer Gerry Conway, editor Roy Thomas, and inker John Romita Sr. came up with the idea of killing Gwen Stacy, and consulted Lee about it: \"... I was just getting ready to go to Europe on some sort of a business trip... to meet somebody to discuss something about Marvel. And I think I wasn't thinking too clearly, because when they said, 'We'd like to", "title": "The Night Gwen Stacy Died" }, { "id": "4398156", "text": "off the girlfriend of Peter Parker, Gwen Stacy, in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #121 because the editorial team felt that Gwen had become stale as a character and they wanted to instill an additional element of tragedy into Peter Parker's life. In the follow-up arcs, Conway introduced a new villain called the Jackal and let Gwen Stacy seemingly return from the dead. The Jackal was the villain identity of Gwen and Peter's biology professor Miles Warren, who could not cope with the death of Gwen with whom he had a secret infatuation. As an expert on cloning, he creates clones of", "title": "Clone Saga" }, { "id": "5662383", "text": "the Special Jury Award for Acting, alongside Teller, at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival and received a nomination for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. In October 2012, it was announced that Woodley was offered the role of Mary Jane Watson in \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2.\" On June 19, 2013, it was announced that she was cut from the film. Director Marc Webb told \"The Hollywood Reporter\" that the cut was \"a creative decision to streamline the story and focus on Peter and Gwen and their relationship,\" and that everyone loved working with Woodley. She had also signed", "title": "Shailene Woodley" }, { "id": "10808", "text": "they disagreed on characters...\" In successor penciler Romita Sr.'s first issue, #39 (Aug. 1966), nemesis the Green Goblin discovers Spider-Man's secret identity and reveals his own to the captive hero. Romita's Spider-Man – more polished and heroic-looking than Ditko's – became the model for two decades. The Lee-Romita era saw the introduction of such characters as \"Daily Bugle\" managing editor Robbie Robertson in #52 (Sept. 1967) and NYPD Captain George Stacy, father of Parker's girlfriend Gwen Stacy, in #56 (Jan. 1968). The most important supporting character to be introduced during the Romita era was Mary Jane Watson, who made her", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man" }, { "id": "1283503", "text": "captain John Stacy, is killed by a burglar wearing a Spider-Man costume. Her estranged mother does not want to take her in. Her living in the Parker house creates more tension between Peter and Mary Jane, and leads to their temporary break-up. Peter's relationship with Gwen is further complicated by her hatred of Spider-Man, whom she blames for her father's death. When Peter finds his friend Eddie Brock, Gwen confides in him about her feelings of isolation. Eddie then tries to kiss her. Gwen is shocked. When she eventually learns Peter is Spider-Man, the angry Gwen pulls her father's gun", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "14202283", "text": "with Connors in his prison cell in a teaser scene during the end credits. As to the man's identity, director Marc Webb said, \"It's intentionally mysterious. And I invite speculation...\" In \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\", the character was revealed to be Gustav Fiers. Michael Papajohn, who played Uncle Ben's killer in the 2002 film, has a cameo as Alfred, Dr. Ratha's limo driver. Kari Coleman, Charlie DePew, Skyler Gisondo and Jacob Rodier portray the Stacy family: Helen Stacy, Philip Stacy, Howard Stacy and Simon Stacy respectively. Following the release of \"Spider-Man 3\", Sony Pictures Entertainment had announced a May 5,", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film)" }, { "id": "18372149", "text": "Spider-Gwen Spider-Gwen is an ongoing comic book series published by Marvel Comics that began February 2015. The series revolves around the Gwen Stacy of Earth-65, an alternate Earth that debuted in \"Edge of Spider-Verse\" #2 as part of the 2014–2015 Spider-Man storyline \"Spider-Verse\". \"Spider-Gwen\" explores a universe where Gwen Stacy was bitten by the radioactive spider instead of Peter Parker, forcing her into a career as the Spider-Woman of her world, Earth 65. A spider-powered Gwen Stacy was first conceptualized by long-time Spider-Man writer Dan Slott for the 2014–2015 \"Spider-Verse\" storyline. However, his initial concept was very different from what", "title": "Spider-Gwen" }, { "id": "9506724", "text": "The Green Goblin's Last Stand The Green Goblin's Last Stand is a 1992 fan film by Dan Poole, based on the comic book story \"The Night Gwen Stacy Died\", published by Marvel Comics in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #121–122. Poole is the director, producer, creative editor, screenwriter, and star of the film. The film and its attendant documentary received showings and accolades at several small film festivals. The film begins with Peter Parker, as his alias Spider-Man, following a stolen car. Late for a date with his girlfriend Gwen Stacy, he finally catches up with the vehicle, stops it, and traps", "title": "The Green Goblin's Last Stand" }, { "id": "1283496", "text": "Britain from Earth-833, called Spider-UK, is watching, saying that Gwen will \"do quite nicely.\" Gwen is recruited by Spider-UK to team up with other Spider-Totems across the multiverse, and next appears on Earth-616 with Old Man Spider-Man of Earth-4 and Spider-Man of Earth-70105 (who in that reality is Bruce Banner) to rescue Kaine, who was under attack by the Inheritors. Marvel-616 Peter is hesitant to put Gwen in action and she is told by the others of how he failed to save her in his world. However he does recruit her for a mission and they both agree to look", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "18950759", "text": "a fresh one on its original version due to a common trope of women dying for the sake of men's angst. She praised the fact that instead of taking the role of a superhero's girlfriend, Latour designed her as a \"fully formed person.\" \"Entertainment Weekly\" Joshua Rivera felt that \"Spider-Gwen succeeds because it isn't a superficial inversion, but an examination of what makes Spider-Man an important character.\" Gwen Stacy's Spider-Woman was named number seven in a list of the best Spider-Men by \"Newsarama\". Ryan Lynch of \"Screen Rant\" placed her as the second-greatest alternate version of Spider-Man, opining that her", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "18950740", "text": "and Glory Grant, simply called the Mary Janes. Shortly after she begins fighting crime, one of her classmates, Peter Parker, attempts to exact revenge on those who bullied him in Midtown High School, becoming Earth-65's version of the Lizard. Gwen subdues him, but Peter dies towards the end of the battle due to the chemical he used. Spider-Woman is blamed for his death, causing an outcry for her arrest, led by J. Jonah Jameson. Her father, George Stacy, a NYPD police chief, begins a hunt for her along with Captain Frank Castle and Detective Jean DeWolff. While the Mary Janes", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "18372152", "text": "lizard mutant. On prom night, after he is being bullied yet again, he injects himself with the formula and transforms, going crazy. Gwen Stacy then dons her Spider-Woman costume and fights Peter, defeating him, but she accidentally pushes him too hard and kills him. Peter regresses to his human form in Gwen's arms, telling her he just wanted to \"be special\" like her and prompting her to realize what she has done. She then runs from the scene, creating the public misconception that Spider-Woman has murdered Peter Parker and is a menace to society and setting up the scene for", "title": "Spider-Gwen" }, { "id": "5707253", "text": "the George Washington Bridge (as given in the text). The Goblin and Spider-Man clash, and the Goblin hurls Stacy off the bridge. Spider-Man shoots a web strand at her legs and catches her. As he pulls her up, he thinks he has saved her. However, he quickly realizes she is dead. Unsure whether her neck was broken by the whiplash from her sudden stop or had been already broken by the Goblin prior to her fall, he blames himself for her death. A note on the letters page of \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #125 states: \"It saddens us to say that", "title": "The Night Gwen Stacy Died" }, { "id": "1283495", "text": "is also a police chief in this world, begins a hunt for her. This follows Gwen into college, where she is still a member of the Mary Janes. At a gig of theirs, an assassin is sent after Gwen's father, who is in the audience. Gwen defeats the assassin, the audience and band clearing out during the battle. While they are alone, Captain Stacy holds Spider-Woman at gun point, with Gwen taking off her mask to reveal who she is. Shocked upon learning Spider-Woman's identity, he tells her to run before he changes his mind. In the distance, the Captain", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "18950746", "text": "group Web Warriors in helping protect the multiverse from various disasters. She had a brief romance with Miles Morales as depicted in the crossover storyline \"Sitting in a Tree\". During the \"\" storyline, she poses as the Earth-616 Gwen Stacy to find out more about the location and to assist Peter in escaping the New U as she and Kaine Parker discovered that Peter–allying with Jackal and using his technology–has resulted in global disasters on other Earths in the form of the Carrion Virus. After being recognized as a different Gwen Stacy by the clone of George Stacy, she and", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "18372154", "text": "lawyer, to send the assassin Aleksei Sytsevich to kill Captain Stacy. During all of this, Gwen's band, the Mary Janes, are about to play a concert—the first major one of their career as a band. Gwen arrives late just in time to see her father being attacked by the assassin and quickly dispatches him, but ends up being cornered at gunpoint by him. To avoid getting shot, she reveals to her father that she is Spider-Woman. After the Spider-verse event Gwen goes back to her ordinary life of bumming around by day and Spider-Woman-ing by night. Since Gwen revealed herself", "title": "Spider-Gwen" }, { "id": "1283473", "text": "simple faith in heroes convinces Sheldon of the purpose of the \"Marvels\" (i.e., superheroes)—to protect innocents such as Gwen. He resolves to write a book to praise the heroes and what they should mean to humanity. When the Green Goblin kidnaps Gwen and holds her hostage to bait Spider-Man, Sheldon frantically follows the resulting chase in a taxi and witnesses her death. While it is reported that she died from the shock of the fall, Sheldon thinks it looks like something else. Sheldon's faith in the Marvels is shattered. Following the publication of \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #121, Stan Lee (who", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "8422098", "text": "The series ends with a cliffhanger due the show ending before a third season could be produced. Other new characters introduced in the second season include Calypso, , Silver Sable, Roderick Kingsley and Molten Man. Quentin Beck and Phineas Mason return as Mysterio and the Tinkerer respectively. The timeline of the original Spider-Man story-arcs has been condensed and reconfigured in order to include classic and important characters who originally appeared much later. Characters such as Mary Jane Watson, Gwen Stacy and Harry Osborn are depicted not completely as direct equivalents to their older counterparts from the comics, but rather as", "title": "The Spectacular Spider-Man (TV series)" }, { "id": "14202277", "text": "the sidewalk. Afterward, Peter uses his new abilities to track down criminals matching the killer's description. After a fall lands him inside an abandoned gym, a luchador-wrestling poster inspires him to create a mask to hide his identity. He adds a spandex suit and builds mechanical devices to attach to his wrists to shoot a biocable \"web\". Later, at dinner with Gwen's family, he has a tense conversation with her father, police captain George Stacy, over the new masked vigilante's motives. After dinner, Peter reveals his identity to Gwen, and they kiss. After seeing success with the mouse using lizard", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film)" }, { "id": "1970581", "text": "of the party' personality as shallow and MJ was not ready to be tied down by one man. She eventually became Peter's main love interest after Gwen (who Mary Jane became best friends with) died. Both formed a bond through grief of losing Gwen, got closer, had an on-off relationship for years and eventually married. The character has been portrayed by Kirsten Dunst in the three \"Spider-Man\" feature films directed by Sam Raimi (2002–2007) and by Shailene Woodley in deleted scenes of the 2014 film \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\". Mary Jane Watson, is first mentioned in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #15", "title": "Mary Jane Watson" }, { "id": "1283472", "text": "to Spider-Man’s webbing. Within the Marvel Comics, Gwen Stacy's death has enormous repercussions. Mary Jane Watson feels the loss of Gwen deeply and becomes a more mature, compassionate person. Gwen's death also draws Peter and Mary Jane into a closer friendship, and eventually to romance. Miles Warren, one of Gwen's professors, was secretly in love with her. Following her death, Warren goes insane and adopts the persona of the Jackal. In the fourth and final issue of the miniseries \"Marvels\" (April 1994), photographer Phil Sheldon befriends Gwen Stacy, who has absolved Spider-Man of any blame for her father's death. Gwen's", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "3226497", "text": "of a crowd reacting to Spider-Man catching Gwen Stacy from \"Spider-Man 3\"s B-roll was used in the 2017 film \"Life\". Official Reviews Other Spider-Man 3 Spider-Man 3 is a 2007 American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics character Spider-Man. It was directed by Sam Raimi from a screenplay by Raimi, his older brother Ivan, and Alvin Sargent. It is the third and final installment in Raimi's original \"Spider-Man\" film trilogy, following \"Spider-Man\" (2002) and \"Spider-Man 2\" (2004). The film stars Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst, James Franco, Thomas Haden Church, Topher Grace, Bryce Dallas Howard, Rosemary Harris, Cliff Robertson,", "title": "Spider-Man 3" }, { "id": "1283479", "text": "she gave birth while in France shortly before her death. She vowed she would raise them with Peter (despite the fact that he was not aware of Gwen's infidelity) and refused to allow Norman access to them. Seeing her as a threat to his potential heirs, the Green Goblin killed Gwen. Norman Osborn then raised Gwen's two children, a boy and a girl named Gabriel and Sarah. Straczynski later stated he originally wanted to make Peter Parker the father of Gwen's kids but the editors vetoed the idea. They felt it would age Peter Parker too much if he had", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "4398158", "text": "incinerator. Gwen Stacy's clone disappears to find a new life for herself. \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #149, the climactic installment of the original Clone Saga, leaves it ambiguous whether it is the original Spider-Man or his clone who perishes in the bomb explosion. Conway said this ambiguity was unintentional, as at the time he took it as a given that Marvel would never replace the star of \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" with a clone. A few years later, Spider-Man encountered Carrion, who claimed to be a degenerated clone of Warren. The clone of Gwen Stacy reappeared many years later when she was", "title": "Clone Saga" }, { "id": "3128286", "text": "The shock over the consequences of her failure makes Betty quit her Spider-Girl identity, although Peter takes up the identity of Spider-Man later on by synthetically recreating and ingesting the irradiated spider's venom. This incarnation also appears in the Spider-Verse. In the Marvel Noir universe, Betty Brant is once again depicted as the personal secretary of J. Jonah Jameson at the \"Daily Bugle\". In the alternate reality where Gwen Stacy is Spider-Woman, Brant is the bass player for the high school rock band the Mary Janes. Out of the four musicians (Mary Jane, Glory Grant, and Gwen Stacy), she is", "title": "Betty Brant" }, { "id": "14202269", "text": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) The Amazing Spider-Man is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, and sharing the title of the character's longest-running comic book. It is the fourth theatrical \"Spider-Man\" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and a reboot of Sam Raimi's \"Spider-Man\" 2002–2007 trilogy preceding it. The film was directed by Marc Webb. It was written by James Vanderbilt, Alvin Sargent and Steve Kloves, and it stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, alongside Emma Stone, Rhys Ifans, Denis Leary, Campbell Scott, Irrfan Khan, Martin Sheen and Sally Field.", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film)" }, { "id": "1283507", "text": "appears to be Carnage before leaping out the window. In the next issue, \"Richard Parker\" claims \"Gwen\" should not have met Peter at all, and was merely an experiment in stem cell research. This Gwen/Carnage fights with the Fantastic Four, Nick Fury, and the Spider-Slayer drones, until she is knocked unconscious by a beam of light, and taken into custody. In issue #113, Norman Osborn as the Green Goblin causes a massive prison break from the Triskelion. An inmate appearing to be 'Gwen' walks out amidst the chaos, disappearing in the shadows. It has been revealed the creature posing as", "title": "Gwen Stacy" }, { "id": "18950744", "text": "need of isotopes to regain her power. Spider-Gwen is depicted as a recurring protagonist in the \"Spider-Verse\" storyline. She is one of many recruited by Spider-UK to team up with other Spider-Totems across the multiverse, who are under attack by Morlun and the Inheritors. Within the storyline, Earth-616 Peter Parker is hesitant to put Gwen in action and she is told by the others of how Peter failed to save her mainstream counterpart in the Earth-616 world. However, he does recruit her for a mission and they both agree to look out for each other. Gwen Stacy is also depicted", "title": "Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)" }, { "id": "14202274", "text": "was released on May 2, 2014. A young Peter Parker discovers that his father Richard Parker's study has been burgled. Peter's parents gather hidden documents, take Peter to the home of his Aunt May and Uncle Ben, and then mysteriously depart. Years later, a teenage Peter attends Midtown Science High School, where he is bullied by Flash Thompson, and has caught the eye of Gwen Stacy. At home, Peter finds his father's papers, and learns his father worked with fellow scientist Dr. Curt Connors at Oscorp in the field of cross-species genetics. Sneaking into Oscorp, Peter enters a lab where", "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film)" }, { "id": "5707258", "text": "was stated in the text to be the George Washington Bridge. \"The Pulse\" #4 (Sept. 2004) also states the bridge to be the George Washington Bridge. The art of \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #121, however, depicts the Brooklyn Bridge. Some reprints of the issue have had the text amended and now state the bridge to be the Brooklyn Bridge rather than the George Washington Bridge. Titles supporting the Brooklyn Bridge include \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #147-148 (1975), \"The Amazing Spider-Man Annual\" #21 (1987), and \"Daredevil\" v. 2 #8 (2000). In a television interview for the Travel Channel's \"Marvel Superheroes Guide to New", "title": "The Night Gwen Stacy Died" } ]	real name of gwen stacy in amazing spiderman
[ "the probation officer" ]	[ { "id": "9631085", "text": "and set a specific schedule for the disclosure of the initial draft of the presentence report to the defendant and both counsel, for the filing of objections to the report by counsel, and for the submission of the final report to the court, the defendant, and counsel. The report must be disclosed to the court, the defendant, defendant's counsel, and the attorney for the government at least before the sentencing. The probation officer must manage the investigation process within the time line established by those rules. In addition to gathering information, the officer must plan to verify that information, interpret", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631081", "text": "guidelines, financial investigation, mental health, substance abuse, or some other aspect of the case. The probation officer may also consult a supervisor or, in a team environment, other members of the officer's team. Finally, the probation officer must write a draft of the report for disclosure to the defendant and the attorneys. When objections to report are received, the probation officer must manage the resolution of disputes. The officer must be impartial and open to opposing perspective and must consider all relevant and reliable information before making an independent judgment about the tentative findings of fact and guideline applications that", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631084", "text": "factual findings and guideline applications recommended in the report. In the Federal System, after the offender's sentencing by the Court, the probation officer must ensure that copies of the pre-sentence report and other requested documents are forwarded to the U.S. Bureau of Prisons and the U.S. Sentencing Commission. If possible, the probation officer must also interview the offender after sentencing and instruct the defendant about the conditions of supervision that the court imposed. A written copy of the conditions of supervision must be provided to each offender. Local rules, adopted by the judges of each jurisdiction, supplement the federal rules", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631069", "text": "facts. When a defendant is referred for a presentence investigation, the officer must immediately begin to gather the facts. Though the procedure varies somewhat from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, the officer usually conducts several aspects of the investigation concurrently to ensure that the presentence report is submitted to the court on time. Since officers routinely conduct multiple presentence investigation simultaneously, meeting the deadlines can be difficult. During any investigation a probation officer may review numerous documents including: court dockets, plea agreements, investigative reports from numerous agencies, previous probation or parole records, pretrial services records, medical records, counseling and substance abuse treatment", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631070", "text": "records, scholastic records, employment records, financial records, and others. The probation officer must scrutinize each document received and determine the likely accuracy of the record. The probation officer's investigation of the offense usually begins with an examination of the complaint, information, or indictment charging the defendant and the docket describing the judicial history of the case. These documents may be found in the district court clerk's file. The officer will use them to develop a brief chronological history of the prosecution of the case and identify the specific charges that resulted in the conviction. The review of the clerk's file", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631079", "text": "the sentencing decision. During the investigation, the defense counsel will also be asked to discuss the same topics. After the interview of the offender, contact with the prosecutor, and the criminal history inquiry, the probation officer must identify any information gaps, must identify potential sources for the missing information, and must plan on how to eliminate the gaps. It may be necessary for the investigating officer to request another probation officer in another jurisdiction to conduct a collateral investigation about a specific aspect of the case. Supplemental interviews may be scheduled with case agents, victims, family members, employers, counselors, or", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631076", "text": "in the report. The presentence investigation is often the first inquiry into the offender's past, and the initial interview provides the framework for the report's description of the offender's history and circumstances. The probation officer inquires about the defendant's family and developmental history, familial and marital relationships, education, employment history, physical and mental health, alcohol or controlled substance abuse, and finances. The emphasis throughout the questioning is on identifying information that is relevant for understanding the defendant's offense conduct and present situation. During the interview, the probation officer will ask the offender to sign authorizations to release confidential information. At", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631080", "text": "others. Gradually, the emphasis shifts from gathering information to analyzing data. The probation officer must take the tentative findings of fact regarding the offense conduct and criminal history and must make tentative applications of the sentencing guidelines. The applicable sentencing options that the probation officer must recite in the presentence report. Additionally, the probation officer must study the case to identify potential grounds for departure from the guidelines and then must analyze any potential departure to determine if it is valid. During the investigation, the probation officer may consult a probation officer specialist who is a subject matter expert about", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631086", "text": "and evaluate the data, determine the appropriate sentencing guidelines and statutes to the specific facts of the case, and present the results of the investigation in an organized and objective report. The probation officer must set deadlines for the submission of information by the defendant and others and monitor compliance with the deadlines. Rule 32 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure and §6A1.1 of the United States Federal Sentencing Guidelines regulate presentence reports. Presentence reports typically include copious amounts of hearsay that would not be permitted in court testimony. This practice has been criticized: Presentence investigation report A presentence", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631082", "text": "will be recommended to the court. The probation officer must be prepared to report unresolved disputes to the court in a detached, dispassionate manner focusing on the factual or legal disagreement among the parties. After revising the report in response to objections, the probation officer develops a sentencing recommendation based on the facts and sentencing options identified in the report. The written justification for the recommendation is the probation officer's evaluation and analysis of the offense, the offender, and the sentencing options. The justification provides the officer's rationale for the specific sentencing recommendations. It should address the statutory factors to", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631083", "text": "be considered in imposing a sentence and should assist the court in the preparation of the judge's statement of reasons for imposing a sentence. The officer then discloses the final report and sentencing recommendation to court. Also, the officer discloses the report to the defendant, and both attorneys, but the job is not finished. The probation officer must be prepared to discuss the case with the sentencing judge in chambers or in court, to answer questions about the report that arise during the sentencing hearing, and, ultimately, to testify under oath in open court as to the basis for the", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631074", "text": "defendant declines, the defendant is questioned in every case. Additionally, the officer should interview the defense counsel, the prosecutor, law enforcement agents who investigated the conduct that led to the defendant's conviction, victims, the defendant's family, present or previous employers, school officials, doctors, counselors, and others. The diverse interview settings that probation officers encounter require them to be proficient in a variety of questioning techniques. Ideally, the offender is available for the interview early in the investigation. The defendant interview is the pivotal point around which the presentence investigation turns. Often, the format is a structured interview during which a", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631068", "text": "information for future research. The information allows changing of a sentence subject to the Commitment Order and the judge's verdict. Whether interviewing or reviewing documents, the probation officer must weigh the evidence based on the best available information. The final report must contain only accurate information. The goal is to produce a report that the court may rely upon at sentencing. Though it is inevitable that there will be data that the probation officer is unable to verify, that information should be clearly identified. The probation officer must distinguish between facts and the inferences, opinions, or conclusions based upon those", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631071", "text": "may also reveal the identities of co-defendants or related cases, the status of which must be investigated and reported in the presentence report. At the same time, the probation officer may also request information about the offender's history, circumstances, and release status from the pretrial services officer or from a separate pretrial services agency. Before interviewing the defendant about the offense, the probation officer must review official descriptions of the offense conduct and the applicable guidelines. As a result, it is often necessary to postpone a discussion of the offense until a second interview. The offender is also asked to", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631072", "text": "submit a written statement about the offense conduct. Additionally, the probation officer must make an inquiry into the offender's criminal history. This is usually accomplished by using databases maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the National Crime Information Center (NCIC), or state law enforcement agencies. Though the guideline criminal history category is based only upon sentences imposed for juvenile adjudications and criminal convictions meeting specific criteria, the probation officer reports all known incidents in which the defendant has been involved in criminal behavior to partially fulfill the statutory mandate to provide information to the court regarding the history", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631075", "text": "standard worksheet is completed. The worksheet follows the format of the presentence report and provides space for recording data about the offense and the offender's characteristics and history. Each item on the form is reviewed with the defendant. Even though some of the data solicited from the offender during this interview may not appear in the final report, it is impossible at this stage to determine what information will be included. No question is asked without a purpose. The defendant's answers will determine follow up questions, items for further investigation or corroboration, and, ultimately, whether the data should be included", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631064", "text": "Presentence investigation report A presentence investigation report (PSIR) is a legal term referring to the investigation into the history of person convicted of a crime before sentencing to determine if there are extenuating circumstances which should ameliorate the sentence or a history of criminal behavior to increase the harshness of the sentence. The PSIR has been said to fulfill a number of purposes, including serving as a charging document and exhibit proving criminal conduct, and is said to be akin to a magistrate judge's report and recommendation. The reports trace their origins to the efforts of prison reformer John Augustus", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631067", "text": "issues for sentencing. Thereafter, if a defendant is incarcerated, the Bureau of Prisons or State Department of Corrections will use information in the report to designate the institution where the offender will serve the sentence and determine the offender's eligibility or need for specific correctional programs. Also, depending on the jurisdiction, the presentence report can be used to calculate the release date. The probation officer assigned responsibility for the offender's case during probation and supervised release will use the report to make an initial assessment of case needs and risks. Additionally, the report may be used as a source of", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631078", "text": "investigations. Some courts have ruled that a defendant waives his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination when he pleads guilty. It remains to be seen exactly how this applies to presentence investigation interviews, but it appears likely that a defendant who refuses to talk about his criminal history will jeopardize his sentence reduction for acceptance of responsibility. Another step that must occur early in the investigation is contact prosecutor assigned to the case. The prosecutor will be asked to provide information about the conduct that resulted in the defendant's conviction, victim's losses, the defendant's history, and any other data relevant to", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631073", "text": "and characteristics of the defendant. The early examination of computerized criminal history records enables the officer to identify which law enforcement, court, and correctional records must be reviewed. In addition, the initial interview of the defendant should include questioning about the offender's residential history so that the officer can check local police and court records in every jurisdiction where the defendant has lived. Additionally, the probation officer may request physical and mental health, educational, employment or financial records from a variety of sources to corroborate information provided by the offender. Probation officers investigate by interviewing and reviewing documents. Unless the", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631077", "text": "the conclusion of the initial interview, the offender may be asked to provide numerous documents to the probation officer substantiating the offender's complete life history. Additionally, the offender may be asked to submit an autobiography fleshing out the skel If the defendant impedes the probation officer's investigation, e.g. by failing to disclose all prior convictions and arrests, his sentence may be increased for obstruction of justice and failure to accept responsibility, even if the undisclosed information has no effect on his criminal history score. Since some defendants may not remember all such prior history, some defense attorneys conduct their own", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "9631066", "text": "or inequality in the treatment of offenders with a lower socioeconomic status or little to few ties to the community, but As Alarid and Montemayor (2010, p. 130) state, \"The use of extralegal factors becomes especially important in that the PSIR identifies needs related to the defendant's criminal behavior for future treatment intervention services\". The report has an immediate purpose: to help the court determine an appropriate sentence, but it also serves other purposes. Since the advent of the sentencing guidelines, the importance of the presentence report has increased because the document is now designed to frame factual and legal", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "20981251", "text": "crime and what social reforms and treatment programs would correct them. Probation officers gathered and analyzed information about the defendant's character and prepared a presentence report that served as the basis for the ultimate sentence. Probation provided opportunities for treatment in the community for juveniles and adults. In the prison system, parole commissioners, trained in penology and insulated from political pressures, determined when prisoners had been rehabilitated and could be reintegrated into society. The process of preparing a presentence report, which takes weeks, only begins after the defendant is convicted, since if he/she were to be acquitted, the effort that", "title": "Jury sentencing" }, { "id": "9631065", "text": "who in the 1840s began a campaign to allow discretion in sentencing to help those who were deemed undeserving of harsh sentences and could be reformed. The practice became firmly entrenched in the 1920s under a theory that crime was a pathology that could be diagnosed and treated like a disease. The information included in a typical PSIR encompasses both legal and extralegal information about the defendant such as: Legal Information Extralegal Information One may note that there is considerably more extralegal information contained within the PSIR. This is important because many have seen this as suggestive of sentencing disparities", "title": "Presentence investigation report" }, { "id": "11930181", "text": "term to short term sentencing. Over time, though, state and federal authorities have gradually migrated their philosophies back toward long-term sentences. Many states use a mixture of the two; e.g., some offenders may receive sentences reduced by several months due to rehabilitation, counseling, and other programs, as well as good time. Since the 1840s, many jurisdictions, including the federal courts, have adopted a practice of having a probation officer prepare a presentence investigation report to inform the court as to the defendant's characteristics, including his criminal record, if any. In the 1970s, the length of incarceration had increased in response", "title": "Criminal sentencing in the United States" }, { "id": "19469421", "text": "Office prepared a presentence report, as required by law, for Molina-Martinez which recommended a sentence of between 77 and 96 months in prison. Presentencing reports recommend a sentence by using an elaborate set of rules to evaluate the criminal history of the defendant and the severity of the crimes, known as the offense level. The recommended sentence for Molina-Martinez was based upon a mistake in calculating his offense level which resulted in a higher recommended sentence. The Probation Office gave Molina-Martinez an offense level of 21 points, with 18 of those points being based upon his criminal history. Of those", "title": "Molina-Martinez v. United States" }, { "id": "20706956", "text": "U.S. Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking The U.S. Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking was a 15-member agency in the federal government charged by the US Congress and the President with examining how government could better use its existing data to provide evidence for future government decisions. The Commission was created in March 2016 by the Evidence-Based Policymaking Commission Act (P.L. 114-140), legislation jointly filed by Speaker of the House Paul Ryan (R-WI) and Senator Patty Murray (D-WA). Over the subsequent 18 months after the law's enactment, the Commission engaged in fact-finding and deliberations that involved consideration of evidence from a survey of", "title": "U.S. Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking" }, { "id": "20662547", "text": "the CIA and White House go to great lengths to prevent the truth from getting out. Weaving together more than a decade’s worth of real-life political intrigue, Burns’s script offers a clear-eyed account of Jones’s tireless fight to research and publish his damning 525-page public report. The project was announced in April 2018 with Scott Z. Burns directing and writing while Adam Driver, Annette Bening, Jon Hamm and Jennifer Morrison were signed on to star. The film began production on April 16, 2018 in New York with Tim Blake Nelson, Ben McKenzie, Matthew Rhys, Ted Levine and Michael C. Hall", "title": "The Report (2019 film)" }, { "id": "19810142", "text": "Andrew McCabe Andrew George McCabe (born March 18, 1968) is a retired American attorney who served as the Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation from February 2016 to January 2018. From May 9, 2017 to August 2, 2017, McCabe served as the Acting Director of the FBI following James Comey's dismissal by President Donald Trump. U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions stated that McCabe was one of several candidates under consideration for Director. President Trump ultimately chose Christopher A. Wray, the former Assistant Attorney General for the Justice Department's Criminal Division, to succeed Comey. Once Wray was sworn in,", "title": "Andrew McCabe" }, { "id": "13820889", "text": "on issues related to the crisis. The following experts have appeared before the Commission in public or in private: Martin Baily, Markus Brunnermeier, John Geanakoplos, Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas, Gary Gorton, Dwight Jaffee, Simon Johnson, Anil Kashyap, Randall Kroszner, Annamaria Lusardi, Chris Mayer, David Moss, Carmen M. Reinhart, Kenneth T. Rosen, Hal S. Scott, Joseph E. Stiglitz, John B. Taylor, Mark Zandi and Luigi Zingales. April 7–9, 2010, Alan Greenspan, Chuck Prince and Robert Rubin testified before the Commission on subprime lending and securitization. May 5–6, former Bear Stearns CEO Jimmy Cayne, former SEC Chairman Christopher Cox, Tim Geithner and Hank Paulson", "title": "Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission" }, { "id": "8219860", "text": "the \"Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004\" was enacted following the September 11 attacks. Since then, the Director reports in an additional capacity to the Director of National Intelligence, as the FBI is also part of the United States Intelligence Community. The current Director is Christopher A. Wray, who assumed the role on August 2, 2017 after being confirmed by the United States Senate, taking over from Acting Director Andrew McCabe after the dismissal of former Director James Comey by President Donald Trump. The FBI Director is appointed by the President and, since 1972, subject to confirmation by", "title": "Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "id": "140953", "text": "is responsible for the day-to-day operations at the FBI. Along with the Deputy Director, the director makes sure cases and operations are handled correctly. The director also is in charge of making sure the leadership in any one of the FBI field offices is manned with qualified agents. Before the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act was passed in the wake of the September 11 attacks, the FBI director would directly brief the President of the United States on any issues that arise from within the FBI. Since then, the director now reports to the Director of National Intelligence (DNI),", "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "id": "20662546", "text": "The Report (2019 film) The Report (former title: \"The Torture Report\") is an upcoming drama film written and directed by Scott Z. Burns and starring Adam Driver. It will have its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 26, 2019. Senate staffer Daniel Jones is assigned the daunting task of leading an investigation into the CIA’s Detention and Interrogation Program. After analyzing extensive evidence, he learns about their “enhanced interrogation techniques”—proven to be brutal, immoral, and ineffective—that the CIA adopted after 9/11. When Jones and the Senate Intelligence Committee attempt to release the results from his investigation, however,", "title": "The Report (2019 film)" }, { "id": "20198979", "text": "Internet Research Agency and related organizations and individuals directed by Yevgeny Prigozhin, and a group of Russian hackers referred to as Viktor Netyksho, et al. Following the guilty plea of Michael Cohen for lying to the Senate Intelligence Committee, ranking member Mark Warner stated the Committee had made multiple criminal referrals of individuals to Mueller and continues to examine witness testimonies for other false statements. Mueller's appointment to oversee the investigation immediately garnered widespread support from Democrats and from some Republicans in Congress. Over time, some conservatives, including political commentators Laura Ingraham, Ann Coulter, and former House Speaker Newt Gingrich,", "title": "Special Counsel investigation (2017–present)" }, { "id": "11142340", "text": "deputy chairpersons were Tom Kelly and Joanne Muller. The members of the tribunal are required to conduct an inquiry to any complaint, matter, application or appeal referred to the tribunal. The chairperson or deputy chairperson must decide when the inquiry is to be heard and must give at least seven days notice to the nurse or midwife the subject of the inquiry. The chairperson must also give notice to any person who made the complaint, and the heads of the Department of Health, the Health Care Complaints Commission, and the Nurses and Midwives Board. Both the person who made the", "title": "Nurses and Midwives Tribunal" }, { "id": "13900030", "text": "Domestic Emergency Support Team The Domestic Emergency Support Team (DEST) is a rapidly deployable, interagency team of experts within the United States government, staffed from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of Energy (DOE), the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The DEST provides guidance to the FBI Special Agent in Charge (SAC) concerning weapons of mass destruction (WMD) threats and actual incidents/attacks. The FBI Director, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security, requests that", "title": "Domestic Emergency Support Team" }, { "id": "2652261", "text": "Robert Mueller Robert Swan Mueller III (; born August 7, 1944) is an American attorney who served as the sixth Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 2001 to 2013. He is head of the Special Counsel investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections and related matters. A graduate of Princeton University and New York University, Mueller served as a Marine Corps officer during the Vietnam War, receiving a Bronze Star for heroism and Purple Heart. He subsequently attended the University of Virginia School of Law. Mueller is a Republican, and was appointed or reappointed", "title": "Robert Mueller" }, { "id": "8219863", "text": "can appoint an Interim Director pending Senate confirmation or nomination of permanent Director. Along with the Deputy Director, the Director is responsible for ensuring that cases and operations are handled correctly. The Director also is in charge of staffing the leadership in any one of the FBI field offices with qualified agents. When the Bureau of Investigation (BOI) was established in 1908, its head was called the \"Chief of the Bureau of Investigation\". It was changed to the \"Director of the Bureau of Investigation\" in the term of William J. Flynn (1919–1921), and to its current name when the BOI", "title": "Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "id": "2275488", "text": "February 2016. The focus of the committee, which is non-partisan, is evidenced by its name; to lobby Washington to take what the committee sees as needed action to counter a perceived present danger to the United States and its sphere of influence. The committee first met in 1950, founded by Tracy Voorhees, to promote the plans proposed in NSC 68 by Paul Nitze and Dean Acheson. It lobbied the government directly and sought to influence public opinion through a publicity campaign, notably a weekly radio broadcast on the Mutual Broadcasting System throughout 1951. This iteration of the CPD was disbanded", "title": "Committee on the Present Danger" }, { "id": "7489127", "text": "cases with no new evidence or argument, but such instances are extremely rare. In 2009, the Commission's jurisdiction was extended to cover convictions and sentences arising from the Court Martial or Service Civilian Court. The Commission was the subject of a Justice Select Committee inquiry from 2014–15. The inquiry received 47 written submissions and took oral evidence from 14 people. The Commission is an independent non-departmental public body funded by way of a cash grant from the Ministry of Justice. It is based in Birmingham and has around 90 staff members, plus Commissioners. Its budget for 2016–17 was around £5.4", "title": "Criminal Cases Review Commission" }, { "id": "15861314", "text": "Kennedy, U.S. Congressman Frank Wolf, U.S. Congressman Tom Lantos, U.S. Congressman Tim Holden, U.S. Congressman Mark Andrew Green, U.S. Senator Paul Wellstone, U.S. Senator Russell Feingold, U.S. Congressman Dana Rohrabacher, U.S. Congressman Bruce Vento, U.S. Congressman Dan Burton, U.S. Congressman Devin Nunes, U.S. Congressman Duncan Hunter, U.S. Congressman Jim Moran, and others, as well as U.S. Congressional staff members. Expert testimony has also been provided by Arthur J. Dommen, Laos and Southeast Asia scholar, and former \"Los Angeles Times\" journalist during the Vietnam War, T. Kumar, of Amnesty International, Scott Flipse, David Dettoni and other officials and staff of the", "title": "The Center for Public Policy Analysis" }, { "id": "4338956", "text": "Monitoring the Future The Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, also known as the National High School Senior Survey, is a long-term epidemiological study that surveys trends in legal and illicit drug use among American adolescents and adults as well as personal levels of perceived risk and disapproval for each drug. The survey is conducted by researchers at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research, funded by research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, one of the National Institutes of Health. The survey began in 1975 and only focused on that year's senior class. Questionnaires are sent out", "title": "Monitoring the Future" }, { "id": "8435128", "text": "Innocence commissions An innocence commission is a legal commission set up by a government for post-conviction review of cases, to try to ensure that wrongful convictions do not stand and that no innocent person is executed. In November 2002 Chief Justice I. Beverly Lake Jr. of the North Carolina State Supreme Court established the Criminal Justice Study Commission following several highly publicized exoneration cases in the state. It reviewed police and prosecution procedures for factors that contributed to wrongful convictions. The group recommended reforms, including changes to the procedure for gaining eyewitness testimony. This resulted in a change to state", "title": "Innocence commissions" }, { "id": "5556386", "text": "Monetary Policy Report to the Congress The Monetary Policy Report to the Congress is a semi-annual report prepared by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve and presented to the Congress of the United States. The Chairman of the Board of Governors is called on to offer oral testimony about the report to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services to the House of Representatives. Monetary Policy Reports are mandated by the Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment Act of 1978, which required the Federal Reserve to formally report on its activities", "title": "Monetary Policy Report to the Congress" }, { "id": "20981252", "text": "went into preparing the report would be wasted. It would, therefore, not be possible for juries to sentence the defendant at the time of conviction, if the jury needed to rely on a presentence report in making its sentencing decision; rather, the jury would need to be broken up and reassembled later, which could be unworkable if the delay between verdict and sentencing is substantial. Furthermore, jury control procedures typically provide that during the trial, information about the defendant's background that is not relevant to the issue of guilt is not to be presented in the presence of the jury,", "title": "Jury sentencing" }, { "id": "20103067", "text": "the JIT was acting at the direction of the Supreme Court, and all executive authorities in Pakistan must assist and cooperate with the team. The JIT headquarters was in the Federal Judicial Academy, Islamabad, with a working budget of Rs. 20 million. The team was required to submit reports to the Supreme Court fortnightly and to complete its investigations within 60 days of formation. The scope of the JIT's investigation included the following ten points, as outlined by the Special Bench of the Supreme Court: Despite controversies, On 10 July 2017, JIT submitted a 275-page report in the apex court.", "title": "Panama Papers case" }, { "id": "2652295", "text": "raised Presbyterian, he became an Episcopalian later in life. Mueller received the following military awards and decorations: Robert Mueller Robert Swan Mueller III (; born August 7, 1944) is an American attorney who served as the sixth Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 2001 to 2013. He is head of the Special Counsel investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections and related matters. A graduate of Princeton University and New York University, Mueller served as a Marine Corps officer during the Vietnam War, receiving a Bronze Star for heroism and Purple Heart. He subsequently", "title": "Robert Mueller" }, { "id": "4222509", "text": "reviews and researches the proposal and reports back to the Scope and Program Committee. Scope and Program sends its recommendations to the Executive Committee. If a recommendation to create or amend an act is approved, a Drafting Committee is selected and a reporter/drafter – an expert in the field – is hired. Advisors and participating observers are solicited to assist every Drafting Committee. Draft acts are submitted for initial debate of the entire Commission at the ULC's Annual Meeting. Each act must be considered section by section at no less than two annual meetings by all commissioners sitting as a", "title": "Uniform Law Commission" }, { "id": "19859929", "text": "cannot be a current or past police officer. He is responsible for reviewing all investigative reports. Once an investigation is completed, the report is forwarded to the Civilian Director. The report is not made public, except in criminal or civil lawsuits, and in disciplinary proceedings or inquires into death by the Medical Examiner. The CD may choose to directly lay charges if he determines the subject officer has committed an offence, or could refer the matter to Crown Counsel for charge assessment. If prosecution is commenced, section 68(2) of \"The Police Services Act\" requires the prosecutor to be from another", "title": "Independent Investigation Unit" }, { "id": "5454032", "text": "James Comey James Brien Comey Jr. (; born December 14, 1960) is an American lawyer who was the 7th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 2013 until his dismissal in May 2017. Comey had been a registered Republican for most of his adult life; in 2016 he described himself as unaffiliated. Comey was the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York from January 2002 to December 2003, and the United States Deputy Attorney General from December 2003 to August 2005 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Comey appointed Patrick Fitzgerald to be the", "title": "James Comey" }, { "id": "13820890", "text": "are scheduled to appear before the Commission. Writer Joe Nocera of the \"New York Times\" praised the commission's approach and technical expertise in understanding complex financial issues during July 2010. July 27, The composition of the commission's staff changed several times since its formation. The executive director J. Thomas Greene was replaced by Wendy M. Edelberg, an economist from the Federal Reserve. Five of the initial fourteen senior staff members resigned, including Matt Cooper, a journalist who was writing the report. Darrell Issa, a top Republican on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, questioned the Federal Reserve's involvement as", "title": "Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission" }, { "id": "6354580", "text": "phased in over a two and a half year period, which commenced on April 1, 2016 and will conclude in 2018. In December 1973 Nussbaum left his law firm to serve as a senior member on the staff (led by John Doar) of the House of Representatives Judiciary Committee investigating the Watergate scandal. He was involved in overseeing the fact gathering process. This included analyzing the White House tape recordings made by President Nixon, and interviewing significant witnesses such as John Dean, the President's former White House Counsel, John Mitchell, the former Attorney General in the Nixon administration, and Charles", "title": "Bernard Nussbaum" }, { "id": "12596699", "text": "a commission to further examine these grave threats. House Resolution 1 (Sec. 1851) established the Graham/Talent WMD Commission. Chaired by former U.S. Senator Bob Graham of Florida, along with vice-chair and former U.S. Senator Jim Talent of Missouri, the commission consists of seven additional individuals. The commission's final report was released on December 3, 2008. The report was based on extensive research and provides 13 recommendations. The Commission held more than 250 interviews with government and nongovernmental experts, eight major commission hearings and one public hearing. The risk assessment of the report states, “Unless the world community acts decisively and", "title": "Commission on the Prevention of WMD proliferation and terrorism" }, { "id": "20350741", "text": "Steven Peikin Steven Peikin is an American lawyer, who began his career as a prosecutor and later transitioned to white collar criminal defense for the law firm Sullivan & Cromwell, where he was Managing Partner. On June 8, 2017 he was appointed as co-director of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Enforcement Division, a title he shares with Stephanie Avakian. The division is responsible for overseeing investigations into misconduct in the financial markets and brings civil suits against those who have committed fraud or other financial crimes. Peikin majored in history while an undergraduate at Yale University (class of 1988)", "title": "Steven Peikin" }, { "id": "14301694", "text": "of a presentence report indicating a greater amount of total losses. The order to make restitution cannot extend to sums pertaining to crimes for which the defendant was neither indicted, tried, nor convicted. There seems to be a circuit split as to whether a defendant can be ordered to repay money given by the government as part of a sting operation. Under , sentencing courts are permitted to impose restitution as a condition of release to the extent agreed to by the government and defendant in a plea agreement. A court and the judges may not impose a fine and", "title": "United States federal probation and supervised release" }, { "id": "14484703", "text": "all aspects of the investigative process. The preliminary inquiry entails an in-depth interview with the complainant, followed by fact-finding and analysis of available documents and evidence. The investigator determines whether the allegations meet the criteria for protection under the governing statute. Investigators analyze the evidence and form a conclusion based on a preponderance of the evidence. The investigator writes a Report of Preliminary Inquiry that documents the answers to the following three questions: The investigator presents the results of the preliminary inquiry to a Complaint Review Committee, composed of the five senior MRI managers. If the MRI Complaint Review Committee", "title": "Department of Defense Whistleblower Program" }, { "id": "8675498", "text": "Analysis Section of the Department Advocate's Office work with the CCRB at their office at 100 Church Street, whose role is to provide the Investigators with access to certain restricted NYPD documentation. The agency is headed by the 13 member board, five chosen by the city council, 5 by the mayor, and 3 by the Police Commissioner; none may be current public employees. , the chair is Rev. Frederick Davie. Jonathan Darche, after having served as Interim Executive Director and Chief Prosecutor, was appointed Executive Director in May 2017. The Agency is divided into several divisions, the largest being the", "title": "Civilian Complaint Review Board" }, { "id": "19810160", "text": "the report to the United States Attorney's Office in Washington D.C. for possible criminal charges associated with lying to FBI investigators. McCabe is married to Jill McCabe, a pediatrician, who was a Democratic candidate for the Virginia state senate in 2015. They have two children, a son and a daughter. McCabe is a triathlete who biked to work from his home in Virginia. Andrew McCabe Andrew George McCabe (born March 18, 1968) is a retired American attorney who served as the Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation from February 2016 to January 2018. From May 9, 2017 to", "title": "Andrew McCabe" }, { "id": "8219868", "text": "alleged travel and expense abuses [by FBI Director William Sessions, leading to his departure]... Clinton nominated Louis Freeh to be FBI Director on July 20. Then–FBI Deputy Director, Floyd I. Clarke, who Sessions suggested had led a coup to force his removal, served as Acting Director until September 1, 1993, when Freeh was sworn in. On May 9, 2017, President Trump dismissed Comey after the recommendation of United States Attorney General Jeff Sessions and Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein. Rosenstein's memorandum to Sessions objected to Comey's conduct in the investigation into Hillary Clinton's emails. This was contradicted by multiple unnamed", "title": "Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "id": "20879429", "text": "Building Specialist, a Unity and Reconciliation Research & Monitoring Specialist, a Human Resources Management & Capacity Development Specialist, a Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, a Director of Finance and Administration, two Unity and Reconciliation Research & Monitoring Specialists, an International Criminal Tribunal Officer, an Accountant, a Peace Building Specialist, a Budget Officer, and a Secretary in Central Secretariat. The Commission is subdivided into three departments: the Department of Civic Education, the Department of Peace Building and Conflict Management, and the Department of Administration and Finance. It is primarily funded by foreign governments, though funding for some activities also comes from", "title": "National Unity and Reconciliation Commission (Rwanda)" }, { "id": "19534570", "text": "the election, including exploring any possible links or coordination between Trump's campaign and the Russian government, \"and any matters that arose or may arise directly from the investigation.\" Since May 2017, the investigation has been led by a United States Special Counsel, Robert Mueller, a former Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Mueller's investigation took over several FBI investigations including those involving former campaign chairman Paul Manafort and former National Security Advisor Michael Flynn. It has been noted that Trump has experienced a high turnover with respect to the attorneys handling this matter, as well as a large", "title": "Legal affairs of Donald Trump" }, { "id": "20706960", "text": "of the Commission recommendations. In September 2018, the Bipartisan Policy Center hosted a one-year anniversary event called \"Evidence: A Time to Act\" that featured keynote remarks from Margaret Weichert, the deputy director for management at the U.S. Office of Management and Budget. In conjunction with the event, the co-chairs of the commission called on Congress to advance legislation implementing their recommendations. U.S. Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking The U.S. Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking was a 15-member agency in the federal government charged by the US Congress and the President with examining how government could better use its existing data to provide", "title": "U.S. Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking" }, { "id": "9880543", "text": "Heaton, Sir Brian Hoskins, Paul Johnson, Professor Corinne Le Quéré and Professor James Skea. Baroness Brown is the Chair of the Adaptation Sub-Committee. The other Sub-Committee members are Professor Jim Hall, Professor Dame Anne Johnson, Ece Ozdemiroglu, Rosalyn Schofield and Sir Graham Wynne CBE. As of April 2018, the Chief Executive of the Committee is Chris Stark. The first chairman of the Committee was Lord Turner (2008–12). Other previous Committee members include Professor Michael Grubb (2008-2011), Lord Krebs (2009-2017), Lord May (2008-2016), and Professor Sam Fankhauser (2008-2016). David Kennedy was Chief Executive of the Committee from 2008 until May 2014.", "title": "Committee on Climate Change" }, { "id": "10760232", "text": "The Grace Commission The Private Sector Survey on Cost Control (PSSCC), commonly referred to as The Grace Commission, was an investigation requested by United States President Ronald Reagan, authorized in on June 30, 1982. The focus of it was waste and inefficiency in the US Federal government. Its head, businessman J. Peter Grace, asked the members of that commission to \"be bold\" and \"work like tireless bloodhounds. Don't leave any stone unturned in your search to root out inefficiency.\" The Grace Commission Report was presented to Congress in January 1984. The report claimed that if its recommendations were followed, $424", "title": "The Grace Commission" }, { "id": "18981802", "text": "Napa and Vallejo when the warning was issued. San Francisco received 8 seconds warning. The project is being developed by a consortium of institutions including the United States Geological Survey, the California Governor's Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES), the California Geological Survey, California Institute of Technology, the Berkeley Seismological Laboratory at University of California Berkeley, University of Washington, University of Oregon, and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETHZ). The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation has invested more than $6 million in developing the system. USGS estimates the west coast system will cost $38 million to complete", "title": "ShakeAlert" }, { "id": "20774711", "text": "Attorney General, Sherif Kijera of The Gambia Centre for Victims of Human Rights Violations, Fatou Bensouda, the current chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Mohamed Ibn Chambas, the UN Secretary-General's special representative for West Africa, and Miguel de Serpa Soares, the UN Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs. Baba Galleh Jallow delivered the vote of thanks. A number of job posting were advertised, starting in June 2018, at the commission. Five research assistants, nine investigators, and 20 statement takers were advertised for. A number of coordinator roles were also advertised for, including in victim support, community outreach, youth and children, and", "title": "Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission" }, { "id": "20149165", "text": "said he decided to make it public in hopes that it might \"prompt the appointment of a special counsel\". Robert Mueller was appointed as special counsel the next day. After the \"New York Times\" report, leaders of the House Oversight Committee and Intelligence Committee, as well as those of the Senate Intelligence Committee and Judiciary Committee, requested the production of all Comey memos, with a deadline of May 24. On May 25, the FBI said it was still reviewing the Committees' requests, in view of the appointment of the special counsel. On April 19, 2018, the Justice Department gave redacted", "title": "Dismissal of James Comey" }, { "id": "15602211", "text": "Prime Suspect (U.S. TV series) Prime Suspect is an American police procedural television drama series that aired on NBC from September 22, 2011, to January 22, 2012. It stars Maria Bello as Detective Jane Timoney. The series was a \"re-imagining\" of the original British series \"Prime Suspect\". The series was created by Lynda La Plante and was redeveloped by Alexandra Cunningham who also serves as executive producer and writer. Peter Berg serves as executive producer and director. Sarah Aubrey, Julie Meldal-Johnson, Paul Buccieri, Lynda La Plante, and John McNamara all serve as executive producers. The series is produced by Universal", "title": "Prime Suspect (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "8760877", "text": "Target Approval and Review Committee A branch of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), the Target Approval and Review Committee (TARC) grants or denies the ability to put a suspect or group under surveillance and open a clandestine investigation. It is chaired by the Director of CSIS (currently David Vigneault), senior CSIS officers and representatives from the Department of Justice and Deputy Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness. In March 1991, TARC amended their previous regulations, and included a requirement that the Solicitor General must be consulted before allowing any investigation. \"The range of investigative techniques to be deployed", "title": "Target Approval and Review Committee" }, { "id": "20060555", "text": "Task Force, also to be chaired by Dr. Singh, consists of representatives from relevant HHS agencies, the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Defense and the Office of National Drug Control Policy. The Task Force, which was authorized by section 101 of the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016 - PDF, is assigned the following responsibilities: Determining whether there are gaps or inconsistencies in pain management best practices among federal agencies; Proposing updates to best practices and recommendations on addressing gaps or inconsistencies; Providing the public with an opportunity to comment on any proposed updates and recommendations; and Developing a", "title": "Vanila Singh" }, { "id": "19614971", "text": "The Sub-Committee handed down its final report in December 2017. Resulting from this Inquiry, a Modern Slavery Bill was introduced into Parliament in June 2018, and was passed by the Australian House of Representatives on 17 September 2018. Crewther was recognised for his work initiating and leading the Inquiry leading to a Modern Slavery Act, being named amongst the global Top 100 Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Leaders. Crewther is also a member of the Joint Standing Committee on Treaties, Chair of the Government's Policy Committee for Home Affairs & Legal Affairs, and a member of the Government's Policy Committee for", "title": "Chris Crewther" }, { "id": "5916206", "text": "not acceptable to the HPSCI, and after the Iran-contra scandal, more pressure was placed on strengthening the oversight of committees. In 2017, the committee was tasked along with the SSCI to determine the degree of Russian interference in 2016 US elections. The committee has also been investigating allegations of wiretapping of President Donald Trump, as well as ties between Russian officials and members of Donald Trump's presidential campaign. The committee came under intense scrutiny in 2017-2018 due to allegations of partisanship and leaks of classified information by members of the committee and their staff. In March 2018, the investigation into", "title": "United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence" }, { "id": "17994227", "text": "is Dr. Gray Brechin. The core operation is run by a team in the San Francisco Bay Area. Its national Advisory and Research Boards are made up of distinguished scholars from around the country, including New Deal historians Robert Leuchtenberg and Ira Katznelson, former Labor Secretary Robert Reich and former Council of Economic Advisors Chair Christina Romer, and members of the Roosevelt family. The Living New Deal relies on a network of Research Associates and other volunteers, including historians, teachers, students, artists, history buffs, librarians, journalists, and photographers to document New Deal sites throughout the U.S. They upload their discoveries,", "title": "The Living New Deal" }, { "id": "5916204", "text": "resignation in June, the committee was reconstituted with Pike as chair, in July 1975, with its mandate expiring January 31, 1976. Under Pike's chairmanship, the committee investigated illegal activities by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The final report of the Pike Committee was never officially published, due to Congressional opposition. However, unauthorized versions of the draft final report were leaked to the press. CBS News reporter Daniel Schorr was called to testify before Congress, but refused to divulge his source. Major portions of the report were published by \"The Village Voice\", and", "title": "United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence" }, { "id": "4271817", "text": "submitted to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. A publicly held company may also issue a much more limited version of an annual report, which is known as a \"wrap report.\" A wrap report is a Form 10-K with an annual report cover wrapped around it. Statement of Directors' responsibilities for the shareholders' financial statements The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable Law of the Republic of Ireland, including the accounting standards issued by the Accounting Standards Board and published by The Institute of Chartered Accountants. Irish company law requires", "title": "Annual report" }, { "id": "3797158", "text": "their final report was issued on July 22, 2004. The report was originally scheduled for release on May 27, 2004, but a compromise agreed to by Speaker of the House Dennis Hastert allowed a sixty-day extension through July 26. The commission interviewed over 1,200 people in 10 countries and reviewed over two and a half million pages of documents, including some closely guarded classified national security documents. The commission also relied heavily on the FBI's PENTTBOM investigation. Before it was released by the commission, the final public report was screened for any potentially classified information and edited as necessary. After", "title": "9/11 Commission Report" }, { "id": "20198861", "text": "determining if there was any Russian interference in the 2016 election process, or related matters. The special counsel appointment on May 17, 2017, followed a series of events that included President Trump firing the FBI director James Comey citing a Rothenstein-authored memo and Comey's subsequent allegation that Trump asked him to drop the FBI investigation into former National Security Advisor Michael T. Flynn. Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, in his role as Acting Attorney General for matters related to the campaign due to the recusal of Attorney General Jeff Sessions, appointed Mueller, a former Director of the FBI, to serve", "title": "Special Counsel investigation (2017–present)" }, { "id": "9503748", "text": "U.S. intelligence community which has assigned advisers to the Center. The NBACC is involved in a partnership with the National Interagency Confederation for Biological Research at Fort Detrick and initiated the \"Work for Others\" program, which expands the NBACC's capacity to share information with a variety of related federal agencies. In June 2017, Daniel M. Gerstein, senior policy researcher at the RAND Corporation and former acting Under Secretary and Deputy Under Secretary of the DHS's Science and Technology Directorate, said, \"In the last 40 to 60 years, hundreds of new diseases have cropped up across the world… The country and", "title": "National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center" }, { "id": "2249044", "text": "the subsequent 25 to 100 years. The Federal government is responsible for producing these reports through the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), a collaboration of 13 Federal agencies and departments. The National Climate Assessment and Development Advisory Committee (NCADAC) was a 60-person U.S. Federal Advisory Committee which oversaw the development of the draft Third NCA report and made recommendations about the ongoing assessment process. The committee was sun-set in fall 2014. The Department of Commerce established the NCADAC in December 2010 as per the Federal Advisory Committee Act (1972). 1972. The NCADAC was supported through the National Oceanic and", "title": "National Climate Assessment" }, { "id": "20441887", "text": "wake of the Shadow Brokers affair, the U.S. government made a more public disclosure of the VEP process in November 2017. According to the VEP plan published in 2017, the Equities Review Board (ERB) is the primary forum for interagency deliberation and determinations concerning the VEP. The ERB meets monthly, but may also be convened sooner if an immediate need arises. The ERB consists of representatives from the following agencies: The National Security Agency serves as the executive secretariat for the VEP. According to the November 2017 version of the VEP, the process is as follows: When an agency finds", "title": "Vulnerabilities Equities Process" }, { "id": "7881227", "text": "National Child Victim Identification Program The National Child Victim Identification Program (NCVIP) is the world's largest database of child pornography, maintained by the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS) of the United States Department of Justice and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) for the purpose of identifying victims of child abuse. The program was created by Andrew Oosterban, head of the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section. Development of the database began in 1999, and it was launched in 2003. It contains images contributed by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), FBI, Secret Service, Postal Inspection Service,", "title": "National Child Victim Identification Program" }, { "id": "13710266", "text": "corporate governance and executive compensation. The commission reported its finding in January 2011. The published book \"The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report\" was listed on the New York Times bestseller list and was critically acclaimed. On April 13, 2016, President Barack Obama announced Murren's appointment to the President's Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity. On January 21, 2017, she became a special correspondent for The Nevada Independent. She currently writes about cybersecurity, and has since written on the state of cybersecurity in Nevada. On May 3, 2017, Fidelity National Financial, Inc. announced that its board of directors adopted a resolution increasing the", "title": "Heather Murren" }, { "id": "2737092", "text": "the USMS, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF), and the United States Attorney's Office (USAO) for Idaho. At the completion of the trial, the Department of Justice's Office of Professional Responsibility formed the Ruby Ridge Task Force (RRTF) to investigate Spence's charges. A redacted HTML version of the RRTF report was publicly released by Lexis Counsel Connect, an information service for attorneys, which raised questions about the conduct and policies of all of the participating agencies. A PDF version of the report was later posted by the Justice Department. Both the Weaver family and Harris brought civil suits", "title": "Ruby Ridge" }, { "id": "12615888", "text": "(ACM) in June 2004, and a Special Achievement Award from the Social Statistics Section of the American Statistical Association in 2002. He is a Research Fellow at the Carnegie Mellon University Center for Human Rights Science, a Fellow at the Human Rights Center at Berkeley Law of the University of California, Berkeley; and a Visiting Fellow at the Institute for Democracy and Conflict Resolution (IDCR) at the University of Essex. Patrick Ball Patrick Ball (born June 26, 1965) is a scientist who has spent more than twenty years conducting quantitative analysis for truth commissions, non-governmental organizations, international criminal tribunals, and", "title": "Patrick Ball" }, { "id": "20194560", "text": "Christopher A. Wray Christopher Asher Wray (born December 17, 1966) is an American lawyer serving as the eighth and current Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) since 2017. From 2003 to 2005 Wray served as Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Criminal Division in the George W. Bush Administration. From 2005 to 2017 he was a litigation partner with the law firm King & Spalding. Christopher A. Wray was born in New York City. His father, Cecil A. Wray Jr., was a graduate of Yale Law School and worked as a lawyer at Debevoise & Plimpton in", "title": "Christopher A. Wray" }, { "id": "6459435", "text": "should be met and whose needs should be served.\" According to one widely cited definition: \"A truth commission (1) is focused on the past, rather than ongoing, events; (2) investigates a pattern of events that took place over a period of time; (3) engages directly and broadly with the affected population, gathering information on their experiences; (4) is a temporary body, with the aim of concluding with a final report; and (5) is officially authorized or empowered by the state under review.\" As bodies mandated by governments, truth commissions constitute a form of \"official truth-seeking\". Thus they can provide proof", "title": "Truth and reconciliation commission" }, { "id": "10320247", "text": "include assisting the Director and leading prominent investigations. All other FBI executives and Special Agents in Charge report to the Director through the Deputy Director. From 1978 to 1987, the position of Deputy Director was not filled due to William Hedgcock Webster's decision to divide the Deputy's responsibility between three positions. David Bowdich, former associate deputy director of the FBI, was named Acting Deputy Director January 30, 2018. On April 13, 2018, Bowdich was promoted to Deputy Director. Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation The Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (formerly known as the Associate", "title": "Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "id": "2427842", "text": "background and history to determine if he or she can be released safely back into the community. The officers then write a report on the offender. This is an extremely important piece of information that the courts use to determine if the offender shall be put on probation instead of going to jail. After the offender is found guilty, the probation officer puts together a pre-sentence investigation report (PSI). Courts base their sentencing on it. Finally, courts make their decision whether to imprison the convict or to let him or her off on probation. If a court decides to grant", "title": "Probation" }, { "id": "20493321", "text": "Kiersten Todt Keirsten Todt is the resident scholar at the University of Pittsburgh in Washington, DC with the Institute for Cyber Law, Policy, and Security and was appointed for this position on June 1, 2017. Before taking this position, she headed up the national cybersecurity commission under President Obama. She was the president and partner with Liberty Group Ventures, LLC. She has been a partner with Good Harbor Consulting. She was responsible for the organization's North America crisis management practice. Todt graduated from Princeton University with a public policy degree from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs", "title": "Kiersten Todt" }, { "id": "663714", "text": "as saying in effect \"there's no allegation the SEC tossed sensitive documents from banks it got under subpoena in high-profile cases that investors and lawmakers care about\". NPR concluded its report: The debate boils down to this: What does an investigative record mean to Congress? And the courts? Under the law, those investigative records must be kept for 25 years. But federal officials say no judge has ruled that papers related to early-stage SEC inquiries are investigative records. The SEC's inspector general says he's conducting a thorough investigation into the allegations. [Kotz] tells NPR that he'll issue a report by", "title": "U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission" }, { "id": "8900938", "text": "a report titled \"Telling our Story\". The inquiry was primarily conducted by Sir Ronald Wilson, President of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, and Mick Dodson, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner. Indigenous women, appointed as co-commissioners, provided support to the people who gave evidence in each region the inquiry visited. The co-commissioners were: Annette Peardon, Marjorie Thorpe, Dr Maryanne Bin Salik, Sadie Canning, Olive Knight, Kathy Mills, Anne Louis, Laurel Williams, Jackie Huggins, Josephine Ptero-David and Professor Marcia Langton. The co-commissioners also assisted in the development of the report and its recommendations. The inquiry also", "title": "Bringing Them Home" }, { "id": "16765392", "text": "obtain raw materials to begin the fight against slavery.\" His testimony to the UK Parliament was heavily cited in the report from the Joint Committee on the Draft Modern Slavery Bill and included in the United Kingdom's Modern Slavery Act 2015. In November 2014, President Obama appointed CdeBaca as Director of the Justice Department's Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking (“SMART Office”) where he was responsible for implementing the Adam Walsh Act's comprehensive set of minimum standards for sex offender registration and notification in the United States. CdeBaca convened and supported law enforcement, policymakers, and academics", "title": "Luis CdeBaca" }, { "id": "4752974", "text": "John Clark. The team inserts itself into Colombia, with Clark running logistics and Captain Ricardo Ramirez leading the squad on the ground in clandestine search-and-destroy missions against the drug cartel. Meanwhile, Bennett sends Ryan to Colombia to investigate Hardin's cartel connection. The cartel leader responsible for Hardin's murder, Ernesto Escobedo, is enraged when the U.S. attempts to claim the $650 million that was stolen from him, and has his intelligence officer, Félix Cortez, try to retrieve the funds. Bennett sends FBI Director Emil Jacobs to meet Ryan in Colombia and negotiate for the money, and when Cortez discovers this, he", "title": "Clear and Present Danger (film)" }, { "id": "19666723", "text": "then plagued that state. In 1986, Krebs taught \"Securities Regulation\" as an Adjunct Lecturer at the Cumberland School of Law of Samford University in Birmingham, Alabama. Starting in 2010, Krebs served as the Assistant Director and Deputy General Counsel of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, where he spearheaded the investigation of securitizations of mortgaged-backed securities, foreclosures and misrepresentations, Lehman Brothers, Bear Sterns and Shadow Banking, among other investigations. Krebs was appointed by Senator Spencer Bachus to serve as senior counsel to the House Financial Services Committee. Thomas Krebs Thomas L. Krebs is an American securities and finance attorney. Krebs continues", "title": "Thomas Krebs" }, { "id": "12897936", "text": "the report. He was assisted by Talha Abdul Rahman, Prof. Mrinal Satish, Shwetasree Majumdar, Saumya Saxena, Preetika Mathur, Siddharth Peter de Souza, Anubha Kumar, Apoorv Kurup, Devansh Mohta, Jigar Patel, Nikhil Mehra, Nishit Agrawal, Shyam Nandan, Nithyaesh Natraj and Salman Hashmi. The Committee adopted a multidisciplinary approach interpreting its mandate expansively. The Report deals with sexual crimes at all levels and with the measures needed for prevention as well as punishment of all offences with sexual overtones that are on affront to human dignity. This is on the basis that the issue of sexual assault against women is one that", "title": "J. S. Verma" }, { "id": "20706959", "text": "Co-Chair Ron Haskins, Commissioner Robert Shea, and Commissioner Latanya Sweeney. In October 2017, Speaker Ryan and Senator Murray jointly filed the Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act, intended to implement half of the Commission's recommendations. The House bill was marked up by the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform on November 2, 2017, and voted out of the House under suspension on November 15, 2017. The Senate has not yet taken action on the legislation. In 2018, the administration of President Donald Trump indicated its support for the commission's vision and indicated steps that were being taken to implement some", "title": "U.S. Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking" }, { "id": "11979603", "text": "political prisoners, civilians who were killed by US forces, and civilians who allegedly collaborated with communist North Korea or local communist groups. Each incident investigated is based on a citizen's petition, with some incidents having hundreds of petitions. The commission, staffed by 240 people with an annual budget of $19 million, was expected to release a final report on their findings in 2010. Operating under the Framework Act on Clearing up Past Incidents for Truth and Reconciliation, the purpose of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRCK) is to investigate and reveal the truth behind violence, massacres, and human rights abuses", "title": "Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Korea)" }, { "id": "5454100", "text": "in infancy. He has said that he learned to make something good happen after a tragedy. They have also been foster parents. He is of Irish descent and was raised in a Roman Catholic household. Comey subsequently joined the United Methodist Church, and has taught Sunday school. He is tall. James Comey James Brien Comey Jr. (; born December 14, 1960) is an American lawyer who was the 7th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 2013 until his dismissal in May 2017. Comey had been a registered Republican for most of his adult life; in 2016 he", "title": "James Comey" }, { "id": "199049", "text": "which are then reviewed by governments. IPCC reports contain a \"Summary for Policymakers\", which is subject to line-by-line approval by delegates from all participating governments. Typically, this involves the governments of more than 120 countries. The IPCC provides an internationally accepted authority on climate change, producing reports which have the agreement of leading climate scientists and the consensus of participating governments. The 2007 Nobel Peace Prize was shared, in equal parts, between the IPCC and Al Gore. The IPCC developed from an international scientific body, the Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases set up in 1985 by the International Council of", "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" }, { "id": "13820886", "text": "world. The losses were magnified by derivatives such as synthetic securities.\" The Commission was explicit in its concerns about insurance giant American International Group, financial giants Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers, and mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, each of which the government brought under consideration for financial rescue. In April 2011, the United States Senate Homeland Security Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations released the report, sometimes known as the \"Levin-Coburn\" report. The Commission was created by section 5 of the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-21), signed into law by President Barack Obama on May", "title": "Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission" } ]	who is responsible for preparing the presentence investigation report
[ "32 teams" ]	[ { "id": "341505", "text": "from a state-sponsored cover-up, with no indication that the program has ceased since then. Russia was the host nation for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were held from June 14 to July 15, 2018 in the stadiums of 11 various Russian cities, namely, Kaliningrad, Kazan, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Samara, Saransk, Sochi, Volgograd and Yekaterinburg. This was the first football World Cup ever held in Eastern Europe, and the first held in Europe since 2006. Russia will also host games of the Euro 2020. There are seven public holidays in Russia, except those always celebrated on", "title": "Russia" }, { "id": "20193129", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament held in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. The 32 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament. A provisional list of 35 players per national team was submitted to FIFA by 14 May 2018, one month prior to the opening match of the tournament. From the preliminary squad, the final list of 23 players per national team was submitted", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads" }, { "id": "10915546", "text": "at 18:00 MSK at the State Kremlin Palace in Moscow. The 32 teams were drawn into 8 groups of 4, by selecting one team from each of the 4 ranked pots. For the draw, the teams were allocated to four pots based on the FIFA World Rankings of October 2017. Pot 1 contained the hosts Russia (who were automatically assigned to position A1) and the best seven teams, pot 2 contained the next best eight teams, and so on for pots 3 and 4. This was different from previous draws, when only pot 1 was based on FIFA rankings while", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20028243", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup seeding The draw for the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on 1 December 2017 at the State Kremlin Palace in Moscow, Russia. It determined the group in which each of the 32 qualified national teams will play in at the start of the tournament. The teams were divided into four pots of eight, with one team selected from each pot to form a group. Unlike previous editions of the World Cup, all pots were determined by each national team's October 2017 FIFA World Ranking, with Pot 1 containing the highest-ranked teams, Pot 2 containing the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup seeding" }, { "id": "15120957", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification process was a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations to decide 31 of the 32 teams which would play in the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with Russia qualifying automatically as hosts. All 210 remaining FIFA member associations were eligible to enter the qualifying process, and for the first time in World Cup history, all eligible national teams registered for the preliminary competition, but Zimbabwe and Indonesia were disqualified before playing their first matches. Bhutan, South Sudan, Gibraltar and Kosovo made their FIFA World Cup qualification debuts.", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "251989", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup, and in Moscow, the Luzhniki Stadium will have an increased capacity, by almost 10,000 new seats, in addition to a further two stadiums that will be built: the Dynamo Stadium, and the Spartak Stadium. Together these will have a capacity of at least 40,000 seats. Two of Moscow's stadiums will serve as venues for the FIFA World Cup games: the Luzhniki Stadium and the Otkritie Arena. Luzhniki Stadium is the largest stadium in the country. It has a capacity of up to 81,000 spectators. The stadium has 102 VIP boxes, 2000 seats for media representatives and", "title": "Moscow" }, { "id": "10915537", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, an international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA once every four years. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. It was the first World Cup to be held in Eastern Europe, and the 11th time that it had been held in Europe. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion, it was the most expensive World Cup. It was also the first World Cup to use the video assistant referee (VAR) system.", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "15120971", "text": "first legs were played on 10 and 11 November 2017, and the second legs were played on 15 November 2017. The matchups were decided at the preliminary draw which was held on 25 July 2015, at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification process was a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations to decide 31 of the 32 teams which would play in the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with Russia qualifying automatically as hosts. All 210 remaining FIFA member associations were eligible to enter the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "10915561", "text": "following the final draw, six kick-off times were adjusted by FIFA. Russia was placed in position A1 in the group stage and played in the opening match at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow on 14 June against Saudi Arabia, the two lowest-ranked teams of the tournament at the time of the final draw. The Luzhniki Stadium also hosted the second semi-final on 11 July and the final on 15 July. The Krestovsky Stadium in Saint Petersburg hosted the first semi-final on 10 July and the third place play-off on 14 July. The opening ceremony took place on Thursday, 14 June", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915586", "text": "program in network history). 2018 FIFA World Cup The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, an international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA once every four years. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. It was the first World Cup to be held in Eastern Europe, and the 11th time that it had been held in Europe. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion, it was the most expensive World Cup. It was also the first World Cup to use the video", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915555", "text": "stadiums used during the tournament. Of the twelve venues used, the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow and the Saint Petersburg Stadium – the two largest stadiums in Russia – were used most, both hosting seven matches. Sochi, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara all hosted six matches, including one quarter-final match each, while the Otkrytiye Stadium in Moscow and Rostov-on-Don hosted five matches, including one round-of-16 match each. Volgograd, Kaliningrad, Yekaterinburg and Saransk all hosted four matches, but did not host any knockout stage games. A total of twelve stadiums in eleven Russian cities were built and renovated for the FIFA World", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145435", "text": "FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the \"\" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champion is France, which won its second title at the 2018 tournament in Russia. The current format of the competition involves a qualification phase, which currently takes place over the", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20028245", "text": "of UEFA, which had at least one, but no more than two in a group. All teams were seeded using the October 2017 FIFA World Rankings, which numbers in parenthesis show, released on 16 October 2017. According to the FIFA rankings, the strongest group was E (combining for 4415 points), followed by F (4151), B (4128), C (4101), D (4099), G (3953), H (3944) and the weakest was the host nation's group A (2991). 2018 FIFA World Cup seeding The draw for the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on 1 December 2017 at the State Kremlin Palace in Moscow,", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup seeding" }, { "id": "8849036", "text": "in 2002, and was selected in their squads for two European Championships and two FIFA World Cups, helping them to the semi-finals of Euro 2008, earning his 100th cap at the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and as part of the host team reached the quarter-finals of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. On 8 September 2015, he made his 110th international appearance and became the most capped player in Russia's team history, overtaking Viktor Onopko. On 17 November 2015, he made his 114th appearance, making him the most capped Russian player for any national team (again, overtaking Onopko who played 4", "title": "Sergei Ignashevich" }, { "id": "20193132", "text": "match prior to the tournament. The nationality for each club reflects the national association (not the league) to which the club is affiliated. A flag is included for coaches that are of a different nationality than their own national team. Coach: Héctor Cúper Egypt's 29-man preliminary squad was announced on 13 May 2018. The final squad was announced on 4 June. Coach: Stanislav Cherchesov Russia's 28-man preliminary squad was announced on 11 May 2018. Ruslan Kambolov withdrew injured and was replaced by Sergei Ignashevich on 14 May. The final squad was announced on 3 June. Coach: Juan Antonio Pizzi Saudi", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads" }, { "id": "10915538", "text": "The finals involved 32 teams, of which 31 came through qualifying competitions, while the host nation qualified automatically. Of the 32 teams, 20 had also appeared in the previous tournament in 2014, while both Iceland and Panama made their first appearances at a FIFA World Cup. A total of 64 matches were played in 12 venues across 11 cities. The final took place on 15 July at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, between France and Croatia. France won the match 4–2 to claim their second World Cup title, marking the fourth consecutive title won by a European team. The bidding", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "3621192", "text": "World Cup, 2010 World Cup, Euro 1992 (as CIS), Euro 2004, Euro 2012 and Euro 2016. Russia didn't qualify for the major tournament on four occasions: in 1996, 2000, 2006 and 2010. Russian team is currently ranked 65th in the Fifa World Rankings. On December 2, 2010, Russia was awarded the FIFA World Cup 2018. Russia will host the tournament for the first time. It becomes the largest country to host the World Cup, a title held by the United States since 1994. The main cup competition in Russia is the Russian Cup. All professional clubs from 1st to 3rd", "title": "Football in Russia" }, { "id": "20193142", "text": "– is the oldest in the tournament's history. League systems with 20 or more players represented are listed. In all, World Cup squad members play for clubs in 57 countries, and play in 54 national league systems, as the league systems of England and France include clubs from Wales and Monaco respectively, and one league system covers both the United States and Canada. Clubs with 10 or more players represented are listed. Coaches in bold represent their own country. 2018 FIFA World Cup squads The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament held in Russia from 14 June", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads" }, { "id": "18548376", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA) The European section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, which is being held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). Apart from Russia, who qualified automatically as hosts, a total of 13 slots in the final tournament were available for UEFA teams. The qualifying format was confirmed by the UEFA Executive Committee meeting on 22–23 March 2015 in Vienna. The qualification process started on 4 September 2016, almost two months after UEFA Euro 2016, and", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)" }, { "id": "13890476", "text": "He did not appear in that game. He made his debut for Russia on 7 October 2017 in a friendly game against South Korea. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He played a key role in Russia's performance at the 2018 FIFA World Cup. In the quarter finals against Croatia, he scored an equalising goal in extra time, which sent the match to a penalty shootout. However, Russia was eliminated after losing the shootout. Mario was born in", "title": "Mário Fernandes (footballer)" }, { "id": "13418830", "text": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup The 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 10th FIFA Confederations Cup, a quadrennial international men's football tournament organised by FIFA. It was held in Russia, from 17 June to 2 July 2017, as a prelude to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Russia was announced as the host on 2 December 2010 after the country was awarded the hosting rights of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played in four different stadiums across four cities: Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, and Sochi. It was the first time Russia has hosted the tournament, and the third time", "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup" }, { "id": "10915542", "text": "the controversy, the FA refused to accept Eckert's absolving of Russia from blame, with Greg Dyke calling for a re-examination of the affair and David Bernstein calling for a boycott of the World Cup. For the first time in the history of the FIFA World Cup, all eligible nations – the 209 FIFA member associations minus automatically qualified hosts Russia – applied to enter the qualifying process. Zimbabwe and Indonesia were later disqualified before playing their first matches, while Gibraltar and Kosovo, who joined FIFA on 13 May 2016 after the qualifying draw but before European qualifying had begun, also", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "12828838", "text": "team. On 21 May 2016, he was called up to represent Russia at UEFA Euro 2016. On 1 June 2016, Neustädter made his debut for Russia, in a 2–1 friendly loss to Czech Republic, as a 64th-minute substitute. He started Russia's first two matches at the finals in France, a group stage exit. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. He was not included in the finalized World Cup squad. (Russia score listed first, score column indicates score after each Neustädter goal) Roman Neustädter Roman Petrovich Neustädter (; born 18 February 1988)", "title": "Roman Neustädter" }, { "id": "15120960", "text": "However, FIFA general secretary Jérôme Valcke said that expansion in 2018 would be \"unlikely\", while Russian sports minister Vitaly Mutko said that the country was \"preparing on the basis that 32 teams will be taking part.\" Expansion was ultimately delayed until 10 January 2017, when the FIFA Council voted unanimously to expand to 48 teams starting in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. While all FIFA members entered the tournament, not all competed. Zimbabwe were expelled from the competition on 12 March 2015 for their failure to pay former coach José Claudinei a severance fee and Indonesia were excluded from the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "10915553", "text": "Stadium over which would be constructed first. The final choice of host cities was announced on 29 September 2012. The number of cities was further reduced to 11 and number of stadiums to 12 as Krasnodar and Yaroslavl were dropped from the final list. Of the 12 stadiums used for the tournament, 3 (Luzhniki, Yekaterinburg and Sochi) have been extensively renovated and the other 9 stadiums to be used are brand new; $11.8 billion has been spent on hosting the tournament. Sepp Blatter stated in July 2014 that, given the concerns over the completion of venues in Russia, the number", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10075568", "text": "1–0 away win against Slovakia in a Euro 2012 qualifier. On 2 June 2014, he was included in Russia's 2014 FIFA World Cup squad. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He started Russia's every game in the World Cup, but was substituted in the second half in 3 out of 5, including both knock-out stage games. Following Russia's 2018 FIFA World Cup quarterfinal loss to Croatia, he announced his retirement from the national team. (Russia score listed first,", "title": "Aleksandr Samedov" }, { "id": "10915562", "text": "2018, at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, preceding the opening match of the tournament between hosts Russia and Saudi Arabia. At the start of the ceremony, Russian president Vladimir Putin gave a speech, welcoming the countries of the world to Russia and calling football a uniting force. Brazilian World Cup-winning striker Ronaldo entered the stadium with a child in a Russia shirt. Pop singer Robbie Williams then sang two of his songs solo before he and Russian soprano Aida Garifullina performed a duet. Dancers dressed in the flags of the 32 competing teams appeared carrying a sign with the name", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "11781348", "text": "matches as Russia were eliminated at the group stage. Dzagoev was included in Russia's squad for UEFA Euro 2016; however he withdrew due to injury on 22 May 2016. He was excluded from the nation's squad for the FIFA Confederations Cup exactly a year later, again with an injury. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He featured in the opening match of the tournament against Saudi Arabia but was withdrawn through injury after just 24 minutes. He recovered", "title": "Alan Dzagoev" }, { "id": "14009463", "text": "however, Russia began their World Cup campaign with a 5–0 demolition of Saudi Arabia, who were three places above them in the rankings, on 14 June in the opening match of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. On 19 June, Russia won their second game of the group stage, beating Egypt by a scoreline of 3–1, taking their goal difference to +7 with only two matches played. The win over Egypt all but secured Russia's advancement into the knockout stage for the first time since 1986, when they played as the Soviet Union; and also for the first time in their", "title": "Russia national football team" }, { "id": "18548388", "text": "Euro 2016. 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA) The European section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, which is being held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). Apart from Russia, who qualified automatically as hosts, a total of 13 slots in the final tournament were available for UEFA teams. The qualifying format was confirmed by the UEFA Executive Committee meeting on 22–23 March 2015 in Vienna. The qualification process started on 4 September 2016, almost two months after UEFA Euro", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)" }, { "id": "10915552", "text": "are in European Russia, while Sochi and Yekaterinburg are very close to the Europe-Asia border, to reduce travel time for the teams in the huge country. The bid evaluation report stated: \"The Russian bid proposes 13 host cities and 16 stadiums, thus exceeding FIFA's minimum requirement. Three of the 16 stadiums would be renovated, and 13 would be newly constructed.\" In October 2011, Russia decreased the number of stadiums from 16 to 14. Construction of the proposed Podolsk stadium in the Moscow region was cancelled by the regional government, and also in the capital, Otkrytiye Arena was competing with Dynamo", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18548273", "text": "fifth-placed team advanced to the inter-confederation play-offs. Unlike previous qualifying tournaments where the fixtures were pre-determined, the fixtures were determined by draw, which was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. For scheduling reasons, Argentina and Brazil were automatically positioned as Teams 4 and 5 respectively to ensure that no team has to play both of them on any double matchday. The remaining eight teams were drawn into one of the remaining eight positions from Teams 1 to 10", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)" }, { "id": "20761851", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony The opening ceremony of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on Thursday, 14 June 2018, at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, Russia at 3:30 (BST), about a half hour before the opening match which Russia won 5–0 over Saudi Arabia. Former Brazilian World Cup-winning striker Ronaldo walked out with a child wearing a Russia 2018 shirt. English pop singer Robbie Williams then took centre stage with a rendition of \"Let Me Entertain You\" before Russian soprano Aida Garifullina was carried out on to the pitch on the back of a \"firebird\" float. Williams", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony" }, { "id": "18548272", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL) The South American section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the South American Football Confederation (CONMEBOL). A total of 4.5 slots (4 direct slots and 1 inter-confederation play-off slot) in the final tournament were available for CONMEBOL teams. The qualification structure was the same as for the previous five tournaments. The ten teams played in a league of home-and-away round-robin matches. The top four teams qualified for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)" }, { "id": "13418837", "text": "among the 12 used for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. On 8 October 2015, FIFA and the Local Organising Committee agreed on the official names of the stadiums used during the tournament. The full schedule was announced by FIFA on 24 July 2015 (without kick-off times, which were confirmed later). Russia was placed in position A1 in the group stage and played in the opening match against New Zealand at the Zenit Arena in Saint Petersburg on 17 June. The distribution of the knockout stage matches was as follows: The draw took place on 26 November 2016, 18:00 MSK (),", "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup" }, { "id": "12522310", "text": "8 goals as they qualified for UEFA Euro 2016. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad, and on 3 June, he was included in the final edition. He came on as a substitute in the opening game on 14 June and scored the third goal of a 5–0 win over Saudi Arabia. He continued his impressive performance by scoring a goal in the second match that Russia beat Egypt 3–1, sending Russia to the knockout stage for the first time. In the match against Spain in the round of 16 on 1", "title": "Artem Dzyuba" }, { "id": "14009462", "text": "which was followed by a 2–1 loss to Slovakia. Russia qualified for the 2017 Confederations Cup as hosts. Group A On 2 December 2010, Russia were selected to host the 2018 World Cup and automatically qualified for the tournament. During the friendly matches prior to the tournament, Russia did not have good results. The team lost more games than it won and this made their FIFA ranking fall to 70th, the lowest among all World Cup participants. Russia were drawn to play Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Uruguay in the group stage. Despite a series of poor results in warm-up games,", "title": "Russia national football team" }, { "id": "14012320", "text": "Russia at the FIFA World Cup Russia has participated in 4 FIFA World Cups since its independence in December 1991. The Russian Federation played their first international match against Mexico on 16 August 1992 winning 2-0. Their first participation in a World Cup was the United States of America in 1994 and they achieved 18th place. In 1946 the Soviet Union was accepted by FIFA and played their first World Cup in Sweden 1958. The Soviet Union represented 15 Socialist republics and various football federations, and the majority of players came from the Dynamo Kyiv team of the Ukrainian SSR.", "title": "Russia at the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20441570", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final The 2018 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 15 July 2018 to determine the winners of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It was the final of the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The match was contested by France and Croatia, and held at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, Russia. Before 2018, France's only World Cup victory was in 1998 – though they had also reached the final in 2006 – while Croatia were playing in", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "12527561", "text": "Igor Smolnikov Igor Aleksandrovich Smolnikov (; born 8 August 1988) is a Russian football player who plays for FC Zenit Saint Petersburg as a right-back. Smolnikov was called up by Fabio Capello to the Russia squad for the first time on 4 October 2013 for the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification matches against Luxembourg and Azerbaijan. He made his debut for the national team on 19 November 2013 in a friendly against South Korea. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World", "title": "Igor Smolnikov" }, { "id": "12957124", "text": "SKA-Khabarovsk. He was called up to the Russia national football team in August 2015 for the UEFA Euro 2016 qualifiers against Sweden and against Liechtenstein. He made his debut for the team on 31 August 2016 in a friendly against Turkey. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He didn't make any group-stage appearances for the team, before he became the first player to be a fourth substitute in the extra time of the match after coming on to", "title": "Aleksandr Yerokhin" }, { "id": "9442507", "text": "11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad under the call of fellow Ossetian and coach Stanislav Cherchesov. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He remained on the bench in all the games behind Igor Akinfeev. His younger brother Georgi Gabulov also plays football professionally. Vladimir Gabulov Vladimir Borisovich Gabulov (, , \"Gæbulty Borisy fyrt Vladimir\", born 19 October 1983) is a former Russian footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He was part of Russia's Euro 2008, 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and 2018 FIFA World Cup squads", "title": "Vladimir Gabulov" }, { "id": "17243510", "text": "7 June 2015 in a friendly against Belarus at the Arena Khimki, replacing Yuri Zhirkov in the 71st minute and scoring Russia's third of a 4–2 victory twelve minutes later. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. His only World Cup appearance came as a starter in the last group-stage game against Uruguay which Russia lost 0–3 and Miranchuk was substituted by Fyodor Smolov after an hour of play. Aleksei Miranchuk Aleksei Andreyevich Miranchuk (; born 17 October 1995)", "title": "Aleksei Miranchuk" }, { "id": "20761855", "text": "Yeah, I did, didn't I?”. Williams changing his lyrics \"every night\" is still unexplained. 2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony The opening ceremony of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on Thursday, 14 June 2018, at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, Russia at 3:30 (BST), about a half hour before the opening match which Russia won 5–0 over Saudi Arabia. Former Brazilian World Cup-winning striker Ronaldo walked out with a child wearing a Russia 2018 shirt. English pop singer Robbie Williams then took centre stage with a rendition of \"Let Me Entertain You\" before Russian soprano Aida Garifullina was", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony" }, { "id": "8205713", "text": "He left Dynamo by mutual consent on 13 July 2015. On 6 October 2015, he became the manager of Polish side Legia Warsaw. In August 2016, Cherchesov was named as the new head coach of Russia on a two-year contract through to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Under his management Russia would beat Saudi Arabia 5–0, Egypt 3–1, and Spain 1-1 (pen. 4-3), reaching the quarterfinals for the first time since 1970. He has become the first ever Russian manager, since the collapse of USSR, to bring Russia into the knockout stage of a big tournament, which others like Pavel", "title": "Stanislav Cherchesov" }, { "id": "10915563", "text": "of each nation. At the end of the ceremony Ronaldo reappeared with the official match ball which had returned from the International Space Station in early June. Competing countries were divided into eight groups of four teams (groups A to H). Teams in each group played one another in a round-robin basis, with the top two teams of each group advancing to the knockout stage. Ten European teams and four South American teams progressed to the knockout stage, together with Japan and Mexico. For the first time since 1938, Germany (reigning champions) did not advance past the first round. For", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18520734", "text": "CONCACAF was drawn against the fifth-placed team from Asian Football Confederation (AFC), with the CONCACAF team hosting the first leg. The following three teams from CONCACAF qualified for the final tournament. 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF) The North, Central American and Caribbean section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, to be held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF). 3.5 slots (3 direct slots and 1 inter-confederation play-off slot) in the final tournament were available for", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)" }, { "id": "20098557", "text": "made his debut for Russia national football team on 7 October 2017 in a friendly game against South Korea. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He did not make any appearances at the tournament as Russia was eliminated by Croatia in the quarterfinal shoot-out. He is an identical twin brother of Russian national and Lokomotiv teammate Aleksei Miranchuk. Anton Miranchuk Anton Andreyevich Miranchuk (; born 17 October 1995) is a Russian professional football player who plays as a", "title": "Anton Miranchuk" }, { "id": "20441572", "text": "also became the second team in the 32-team World Cup to win all their knockout matches without any extra time or penalty shoot-out after Brazil in 2002. As winners, France qualified for the 2021 FIFA Confederations Cup. The final was played at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, located in the Khamovniki District of the Central Administrative Okrug. An expanded version of the stadium was named as the provisional final venue in Russia's World Cup bid, which was selected by FIFA on 2 December 2010. Luzhniki Stadium was confirmed as the final venue on 14 December 2012, following a meeting of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "18548275", "text": "first-placed team from OFC, with the CONMEBOL team hosting the second leg. The following five teams from CONMEBOL qualified for the final tournament. 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL) The South American section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the South American Football Confederation (CONMEBOL). A total of 4.5 slots (4 direct slots and 1 inter-confederation play-off slot) in the final tournament were available for CONMEBOL teams. The qualification structure was the same as for the previous five tournaments. The", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)" }, { "id": "14582365", "text": "Sochi, which hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics. In October 2011, Russia decreased the number of stadiums from 16 to 14. Construction of a proposed stadium in the Moscow region, Podolsk, was cancelled by the regional government, and Spartak Stadium is competing with Dinamo Stadium which will have been constructed first. Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup bid Russia announced its intent to bid for the FIFA World Cup in early 2009, and submitted its request to FIFA in time. Russia's President Vladimir Putin has taken a keen interest in the bid and has gone so far as ordering Vitaly Mutko, the", "title": "Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup bid" }, { "id": "15869959", "text": "face Luxembourg in a 2018 World Cup qualifying match on 25 March 2017 and Spain in a friendly three days later; he did not play in either match. On 2 June 2017, Thauvin made his debut for \"Les Bleus\" in a 5–0 win over Paraguay, coming on in the 80th minute as a substitute for Antoine Griezmann. Thauvin was selected in the 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. He played one minute as Didier Deschamps' team won the tournament, in a 4–3 win over Argentina in the last 16 in Kazan in place of Kylian Mbappé.", "title": "Florian Thauvin" }, { "id": "10915540", "text": "As such, there were eventually four bids for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, two of which were joint bids: England, Russia, Netherlands/Belgium, and Portugal/Spain. The 22-member FIFA Executive Committee convened in Zürich on 2 December 2010 to vote to select the hosts of both tournaments. Russia won the right to be the 2018 host in the second round of voting. The Portugal/Spain bid came second, and that from Belgium/Netherlands third. England, which was bidding to host its second tournament, was eliminated in the first round. The voting results were as follows: The English Football Association and others raised concerns of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "9442391", "text": "group match as they were beaten 1–2 by Mexico in Kazan. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He started in the first two group-stage games, and then returned to the starting line-up in the first knock-out stage game against Spain in the Round of 16. However, his nagging injury forced him to get substituted at half-time of Spain game by Vladimir Granat, and he was not able to appear in the quarterfinal game against Crotia which Russia lost", "title": "Yuri Zhirkov" }, { "id": "14582363", "text": "bid committee also includes RFU CEO Alexey Sorokin and Alexander Djordjadze as the Director of Bid Planning and Operations. In October 2010, Russia formally pulled out of the race to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup. On December 2, 2010 Russia was chosen as the host country for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Fourteen cities are included in the current proposal, which divides them into 6 different clusters: one in the north, centered on St. Petersburg, a central cluster, centered on Moscow, a southern cluster, centered on Sochi, and the Volga River cluster. Only one city beyond the Ural Mountains", "title": "Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup bid" }, { "id": "11788326", "text": "the Russia national team, but that the Russian Football Union never approached him. On 16 August 2017, he was called up for Russia for a friendly game against a club side Dynamo Moscow, which did not count as a full international match. He made his full international debut on 7 October 2017 in a friendly game against South Korea. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. He was not included in the finalized World Cup squad due to back injury. Konstantin Rausch Konstantin Viktorovich Rausch (, ; born 15 March 1990) is", "title": "Konstantin Rausch" }, { "id": "20254618", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup knockout stage The knockout stage of the 2018 FIFA World Cup was the second and final stage of the competition, following the group stage. It began on 30 June with the round of 16 and ended on 15 July with the final match, held at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow. The top two teams from each group (16 in total) advanced to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination style tournament. A third place play-off was also played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals. France won the final 4–2 against Croatia for their", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup knockout stage" }, { "id": "14582364", "text": "is cited, Yekaterinburg. The other cities are: Kaliningrad in the north cluster, Rostov-on-Don and Krasnodar in the south cluster and Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Saransk, Samara and Volgograd in the Volga River cluster. The country does not currently have a stadium with 80,000 capacity, but the bid calls for the expansion of Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, already a UEFA Elite stadium with a capacity of slightly over 78,000, to over 89,000 seats. Russia hopes to have five stadiums fit to host World Cup matches ready by 2013 — two in Moscow and one stadium each in St. Petersburg, Kazan and", "title": "Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup bid" }, { "id": "10915571", "text": "1970. It was introduced on 9 November 2017. After the group stage, \"Telstar Mechta\" was used for the knockout stage. The word \"mechta\" (Russian: мечта) means \"dream\" or \"ambition\". The difference between Telstar 18 and Mechta is the red details on the design. On 30 April 2018, EA announced a free expansion for \"FIFA 18\" based on the 2018 FIFA World Cup, featuring all 32 participating teams and all 12 stadiums used at the 2018 World Cup. Panini continued their partnership with FIFA by producing stickers for their World Cup sticker album. Panini also developed an app for the 2018", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915573", "text": "investigations concerning all Russian players named for the provisional squad of the FIFA World Cup in Russia had been completed, with the result that insufficient evidence was found to assert an anti-doping rule violation. FIFA's medical committee also decided that Russian personnel would not be involved in performing drug testing procedures at the tournament; the action was taken to reassure teams that the samples would remain untampered. The choice of Russia as host has been challenged. Controversial issues have included the level of racism in Russian football, and discrimination against LGBT people in wider Russian society. Russia's involvement in the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18924196", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group D The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group D was one of the nine UEFA groups for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. The group consisted of six teams: Wales, Austria, Serbia, Republic of Ireland, Moldova, and Georgia. The draw for the first round (group stage) was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. The group winners, Serbia, qualified directly for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The group runners-up, Republic of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group D" }, { "id": "20028244", "text": "next highest-ranked teams, and so on until Pot 4, containing the lowest ranked teams; in previous editions only one pot containing the highest-ranked teams was determined by rank, with the other three pots determined by continental confederation. The hosts continued to be placed in Pot 1 and treated as a seeded team, and therefore Pot 1 consisted of hosts Russia and the seven highest-ranked teams that qualify for the tournament. The draw sequence started with pot 1 and ended with pot 4. As with previous editions, no group had more than one team from any continental confederation with the exception", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup seeding" }, { "id": "10915567", "text": "instead invited users of FIFA.com to elect their Fan Dream Team. FIFA also published an alternate team of the tournament based on player performances evaluated through statistical data. Prize money amounts were announced in October 2017. The tournament logo was unveiled on 28 October 2014 by cosmonauts at the International Space Station and then projected onto Moscow's Bolshoi Theatre during an evening television programme. Russian Sports Minister Vitaly Mutko said that the logo was inspired by \"Russia's rich artistic tradition and its history of bold achievement and innovation\", and FIFA President Sepp Blatter stated that it reflected the \"heart and", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "12521021", "text": "against New Zealand on 17 June at Krestovsky Stadium, Smolov scored Russia's second goal in a 2–0 win and was awarded as a Man of the Match. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He started the tournament-opener game against Saudi Arabia and appeared as a substitute in every Russia's subsequent game. He scored the opening penalty kick in the shoot-out that helped Russia defeat Spain in the Round of 16, but had his shot saved by Danijel Subašić", "title": "Fyodor Smolov" }, { "id": "13251602", "text": "he returned to FC Lokomotiv Moscow. In 2015, he was called up for the Russia national football team for the first time. He made his debut for the national team on 14 November 2015 in a game against Portugal. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad as a back-up. He was not included in the finalized World Cup squad. Vladislav Ignatyev Vladislav Vyacheslavovich Ignatyev (; born 20 January 1987) is a Russian professional footballer. He plays as a right-back or right midfielder for FC Lokomotiv Moscow. He made his debut in the", "title": "Vladislav Ignatyev" }, { "id": "18548377", "text": "ended on 14 November 2017. Belgium, England, France, Germany, Iceland (for the first time), Poland, Portugal, Serbia, and Spain qualified in the first round by winning their groups. Croatia, Denmark, Sweden and Switzerland qualified by winning their playoffs. Four-time champions Italy missed out on qualification for the first time since 1958 after losing in the playoffs to Sweden, while the Netherlands failed to qualify for the tournament for the first time since 2002 after finishing third in 2014, and second in 2010. Iceland, with 335,000 inhabitants, became the smallest country ever to qualify for the World Cup finals. Apart from", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)" }, { "id": "341500", "text": "as one of the greatest goalkeepers in the history of football, and was chosen on the FIFA World Cup Dream Team. The Soviet national team reached the finals of Euro 1988. In 1956 and 1988, the Soviet Union won gold at the Olympic football tournament. Russian clubs CSKA Moscow and Zenit St Petersburg won the UEFA Cup in 2005 and 2008. The Russian national football team reached the semi-finals of Euro 2008, losing only to the eventual champions Spain. Russia had hosted the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with 11 host cities located in the European part of the country and", "title": "Russia" }, { "id": "18648350", "text": "game against Belarus at the Arena Khimki, replacing captain Roman Shirokov in the 61st minute and scoring Russia's second goal of a 4–2 victory 16 minutes later. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. On 14 June 2018, he played a crucial role in Russia's 5–0 victory over Saudi Arabia making two assists and scoring the final goal, a free-kick in the opening match of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) Aleksandr Sergeyevich Golovin (; born 30", "title": "Aleksandr Golovin (footballer)" }, { "id": "10153627", "text": "in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. After coming on as a substitute in the second group game against Egypt, he started in Russia's last three games at the tournament - the last group game against Uruguay, the round of 16 defeat of Spain and the quarterfinal shoot-out loss to Croatia. Fyodor Kudryashov Fyodor Vasilievich Kudryashov (; born 5 April 1987) is a Russian football centre-back or left back who plays for FC Rubin Kazan. Born in Irkutsk Oblast, Kudryashov came in from FC Sibiryak, Bratsk.", "title": "Fyodor Kudryashov" }, { "id": "6732917", "text": "Russia's second group match, a 1–0 defeat to Portugal, Akinfeev won his 100th cap for the national team. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. Akinfeev was later instrumental in the Russians knocking out Spain in the Round of 16, being elected Man of the Match and saving 2 penalties in the shoot-out, ensuring a Russian victory. On 1 October 2018, he announced his retirement from the national team. Regarded as a promising talent in his youth, Akinfeev's precocious", "title": "Igor Akinfeev" }, { "id": "15120739", "text": "Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg) The Central Stadium of Yekaterinburg, also known as Ekaterinburg Arena, is a multi-purpose stadium in the city of Yekaterinburg in Russia. It is the home ground of Russian Premier League football club FC Ural Yekaterinburg. The capacity of the stadium is just over 35,000, and will be reduced to 23,000 after the World Cup. It is one of 12 venues in 11 host cities for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. The stadium is the eastern-most among the 2018 World Cup venues, being the only venue that stands in Asian Russia. Central Stadium was built in", "title": "Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg)" }, { "id": "12521000", "text": "May 2012, Granat was named in the Russia's provisional squad for the UEFA Euro 2012. It was the first time Granat had been called up to the national team. On 25 May 2012 Granat was confirmed as in the final squad for UEFA Euro 2012. Granat made his debut for the national team in the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifying game against Luxembourg on 6 September 2013. On 2 June 2014, Granat was included in the Russia's 2014 FIFA World Cup squad. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June", "title": "Vladimir Granat" }, { "id": "15620984", "text": "the Russia national football team in a friendly game against Kazakhstan. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He played every minute of every game for the squad as Russia was eventually eliminated in the quarterfinal penalty shoot-out by Croatia. His older brother Aleksandr Zobnin also played football professionally. Roman Zobnin Roman Sergeyevich Zobnin (; born 11 February 1994) is a Russian professional footballer who currently plays as a central midfielder for Spartak Moscow. He made his debut in", "title": "Roman Zobnin" }, { "id": "15120970", "text": "UEFA teams was confirmed by the UEFA Executive Committee meeting on 22–23 March 2015 in Vienna. The draw for the first round was held on 25 July 2015, at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. In deciding the eight best runners-up, the matches against the sixth-placed team in each group were discarded. The draw for the second round (play-offs) was held on 17 October 2017 at the FIFA headquarters in Zürich, Switzerland. The winners of each tie qualified for the World Cup. There were two inter-confederation playoffs to determine the final two qualification spots for the finals. The", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "20441575", "text": "Hockey World Championships, the 1973 Summer Universiade, the Friendship Games in 1984, the 1986 Goodwill Games, and the 1998 World Youth Games. In 2013, the Rugby World Cup Sevens and World Athletics Championships were held at the ground in front of sparse crowds. The stadium has also served as a venue for many concerts, including Western artists after the fall of the Soviet Union, as well as political rallies. Rated as a category 4 stadium by UEFA, the Luzhniki Stadium is the largest in Russia and at the 2018 World Cup; it usually has a maximum capacity of 81,006, but", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "10915551", "text": "VAR decision; the first penalty as a result of a VAR decision was awarded to France in their match against Australia on 16 June and resulted in a goal by Antoine Griezmann. A record number of penalties were awarded in the tournament, with this phenomenon being partially attributed to VAR. Overall, the new technology has been both praised and criticised by commentators. FIFA declared the implementation of VAR a success after the first week of competition. Russia proposed the following host cities: Kaliningrad, Kazan, Krasnodar, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Samara, Saransk, Sochi, Volgograd, Yaroslavl, and Yekaterinburg. Most cities", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18924280", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group A The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group A was one of the nine UEFA groups for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. The group consisted of six teams: Netherlands, France, Sweden, Bulgaria, Belarus, and Luxembourg. The draw for the first round (group stage) was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. The group winners, France, qualified directly for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The group runners-up, Sweden, advanced to the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group A" }, { "id": "13652297", "text": "FIFA World Cup squad. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. He didn't make any appearance for the squad in the tournament, that was the second World Cup in a row he was included in the squad but did not end up playing in any games. Andrei Sergeyevich Semyonov Andrei Sergeyevich Semyonov (; born 24 March 1989) is a Russian professional football player. He plays as a centre-back for Akhmat Grozny. He made his Russian Premier League debut for", "title": "Andrei Sergeyevich Semyonov" }, { "id": "18920500", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Second Round The UEFA Second Round was contested by the best eight runners-up from the nine first round groups from the UEFA segment of the qualification tournament for the 2018 FIFA World Cup final tournament. The winners — Croatia, Denmark, Sweden, and Switzerland — of each of four home and away ties joined the group winners in the World Cup in Russia. These pairs of matches, also commonly known as the playoffs, were held in November 2017. The losers were Greece, Italy, Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland. The draw for the ties", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Second Round" }, { "id": "18520729", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF) The North, Central American and Caribbean section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, to be held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF). 3.5 slots (3 direct slots and 1 inter-confederation play-off slot) in the final tournament were available for CONCACAF teams. In a change to previous qualification tournaments for this confederation, the first three rounds were played as knockout rounds, with both the fourth round and the final round (referred", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)" }, { "id": "3122151", "text": "Deschamps signed a new contract until 2020. For the 2018 FIFA World Cup, Deschamps \"was careful in selecting his 23-man roster for Russia, selecting only players who he felt could gel as a cohesive unit\", resulting in the omission of Real Madrid’s Karim Benzema. Although initially criticized for conservative tactics as the national team had indifferent showings to advance from the group stage with narrow wins over Australia and Peru and a draw against Denmark, they put in dominant performances during the knockout rounds, defeating Argentina 4–3 in the Round of 16 and Uruguay 2–0 in the quarter-finals to reach", "title": "Didier Deschamps" }, { "id": "20033901", "text": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup squads The following is a list of squads for each nation who competed at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup in Russia from 17 June to 2 July 2017, as a prelude to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Each squad consisted of 23 players, three of which had to be goalkeepers. Replacement of injured players was permitted until 24 hours before the team's first game. The age listed for each player is on 17 June 2017, the first day of the tournament. The number of caps listed for each player does not include any matches played after", "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup squads" }, { "id": "2408537", "text": "Championships. The original stadium was demolished in 2013 to give a way for the construction of a new stadium. The self-supported cover was retained. The facade wall was retained as well, due to its architectural value, and was later reconnected to a new building. Construction of the new stadium was completed in 2017. The 2018 FIFA World Cup was awarded to Russia and the Luzhniki Stadium was selected by the Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup bid as the venue for the opening match and also the final, which was held on 15 July 2018. The stadium joins Rome's Stadio Olimpico,", "title": "Luzhniki Stadium" }, { "id": "10915547", "text": "the remaining pots were based on geographical considerations. However, teams from the same confederation still were not drawn against each other for the group stage, except that two UEFA teams could be in each group. Initially, each team had to name a preliminary squad of 30 players but, in February 2018, this was increased to 35. From the preliminary squad, the team had to name a final squad of 23 players (three of whom must be goalkeepers) by 4 June. Players in the final squad may be replaced for serious injury up to 24 hours prior to kickoff of the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "12363833", "text": "group stage after losing 0–1 to Peru. On 28 March 2017, Coutinho scored in a 3–0 win against Paraguay that ensured Brazil's 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. In May 2018, Coutinho was named in the squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. On 17 June 2018, he scored in his FIFA World Cup debut with a trademark right-footed curling shot from outside the penalty area into the corner of the goal in Brazil's 1–1 draw with Switzerland in their opening match at the World Cup. In the following match against Costa Rica on 22 June, he scored the", "title": "Philippe Coutinho" }, { "id": "9347360", "text": "Otkritie Arena Otkritie Arena (, lit. \"Discovery Arena\") is a multi-purpose stadium in Moscow, Russia. The venue is used mostly for football matches, hosting the home matches of Spartak Moscow and occasionally the Russian national team. It is called Spartak Stadium during the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and 2018 FIFA World Cup. The stadium is designed with a capacity of 45,360 people. \"Otkritie Arena\", named after the sponsor Otkritie Holding, is the commercial name for the Spartak Stadium until 2019. The groundbreaking ceremony was held on 2 July 2007, but construction was delayed multiple times for different reasons. Construction was", "title": "Otkritie Arena" }, { "id": "20193135", "text": "The final squad was announced on 3 June. Coach: Didier Deschamps France's final squad was announced on 17 May 2018. Coach: Ricardo Gareca Peru's 24-man preliminary squad was announced on 16 May 2018. The final squad was initially announced on 30 May, but was extended to 24 players on 31 May after the suspension of Paolo Guerrero was lifted. The final squad was announced on 4 June. Coach: Jorge Sampaoli Argentina's 35-man preliminary squad was announced on 14 May 2018. The final squad was announced on 21 May. Sergio Romero withdrew injured and was replaced by Nahuel Guzmán on 23", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads" }, { "id": "15301292", "text": "Samara Arena Samara Arena (), also known as the Cosmos Arena, is a football stadium in Samara, Russia. The stadium was one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It also hosts FC Krylia Sovetov Samara of the Russian Football National League, replacing Metallurg Stadium. It has a capacity of 44,918 spectators. Samara authorities announced their design tender in late 2012 with cost estimated at $320 million. General characteristics The stadium design was approved (re-approved) by Glavgosexpertiza of Russia on 19 July 2017. The main architectural feature of the stadium in Samara is its metal dome inspired by", "title": "Samara Arena" }, { "id": "10915556", "text": "Cup. Base camps were used by the 32 national squads to stay and train before and during the World Cup tournament. On 9 February 2018, FIFA announced the base camps for each participating team. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion , it is the most expensive World Cup in history, surpassing the cost of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. The Russian government had originally earmarked a budget of around $20 billion which was later slashed to $10 billion for the preparations of the World Cup, of which half is spent on transport infrastructure. As part of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "8849041", "text": "injured Ruslan Kambolov. On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. Against Spain in the Round of Sixteen, he scored an own-goal while tangling with Sergio Ramos during a corner set-piece, but Russia would equalize thanks to a penalty, and in the shoot-out Ignashevich converted his spot kick to help Russia advance. Following Russia's elimination in the 2018 FIFA World Cup quarterfinal against Croatia after extra time ended deadlocked 2–2, where he successfully converted a shoot-out kick, Ignashevich announced his retirement from all forms of football. Ignashevich is married and has three children. He is", "title": "Sergei Ignashevich" }, { "id": "6722016", "text": "a group stage, with the final 16 progressing to knockout stages to decide the winner. As of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, 79 national teams have competed at the final tournaments. Brazil are the only team to have appeared in all 21 tournaments to date, with Germany having participated in 19, Italy in 18, Argentina in 17 and Mexico in 16. To date, eight nations have won the tournament. The inaugural winners in 1930 were Uruguay; the current champions are France. The most successful nation in the competition are currently Brazil, who have won the cup on five occasions. Five", "title": "National team appearances in the FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20248154", "text": "at 3 pm local time, in Petrozavodsk. That same day, at 6 pm local time, Russia's national football team was scheduled to play Saudi Arabia at Moscow's Luzhniki Stadium in the opening match of the 2018 Football World Cup. Dmitriev's defence attorney, Victor Anufriev, submitted an appeal against his client's conviction for possessing parts of a firearm. On 14 June 2018, the acquittal was overturned by the Supreme Court of Karelia. The accused was not widely known before he was arrested in 2016 and charged. The closed nature of the hearings made it difficult to get information and report freely", "title": "Yury A. Dmitriev" }, { "id": "12520809", "text": "international goal in a friendly match against Armenia on 5 March 2014. On 2 June 2014, he was included in the Russia's 2014 FIFA World Cup squad. He scored his first competitive goal for Russia against Liechtenstein in a 2016 European Championship qualification match. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad as a back-up. He was not included in the finalized World Cup squad. Spartak Moscow Individual Dmitri Kombarov Dmitri Vladimirovich Kombarov (; born 22 January 1987) is a Russian footballer who plays as a left midfielder or a left back for", "title": "Dmitri Kombarov" }, { "id": "10915543", "text": "entered the competition. Places in the tournament were allocated to continental confederations, with the allocation unchanged from the 2014 World Cup. The first qualification game, between Timor-Leste and Mongolia, began in Dili on 12 March 2015 as part of the AFC's qualification, and the main qualifying draw took place at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, on 25 July 2015. Of the 32 nations qualified to play at the 2018 FIFA World Cup, 20 countries competed at the previous tournament in 2014. Both Iceland and Panama qualified for the first time, with the former becoming the smallest country in", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "13828037", "text": "Yury Gazinsky Yury Aleksandrovich Gazinsky (; born 20 July 1989) is a Russian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Krasnodar and the Russia national team. In May 2013, Gazinsky signed for FC Krasnodar on a three-year contract. He was called up to the Russia national football team in August 2015 for the UEFA Euro 2016 qualifiers against Sweden and against Liechtenstein. He made his debut for the team on 31 August 2016 in a friendly against Turkey. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad. On 3 June 2018, he", "title": "Yury Gazinsky" }, { "id": "20254628", "text": "their four World Cup penalty shootouts (after losing to Belgium in 1986, beating the Republic of Ireland in 2002 and losing to South Korea in 2002), and still have never defeated a host nation at FIFA World Cup, after losing to Italy 0–1 in 1934, Brazil 1–6 in 1950, and South Korea after penalties in 2002. Russia have reached the quarter-final of the World Cup for the first time since the break-up of the Soviet Union. Ignashevich became the oldest player to score an own goal at the World Cup, aged 38 years and 352 days. The match marked the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup knockout stage" }, { "id": "19748970", "text": "football team at the 2015 FIFA U-17 World Cup. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad, which was the first time he was called up to the senior national team. He was not included in the finalized World Cup squad. His father Fyodor Chalov is a research chemist, while his older brother Daniil Chalov is also a professional footballer. In his youth he excelled at piano and flute as well as football. Fyodor Chalov Fyodor Nikolayevich Chalov (; born 10 April 1998) is a Russian football player who plays as a striker", "title": "Fyodor Chalov" }, { "id": "20033903", "text": "Antonio Pizzi Manager: Joachim Löw Leroy Sané and Diego Demme withdrew from the squad due to injury and were not replaced, thus reducing the squad to 21 players. Nations in \"italics\" are not represented by their national teams in the finals. 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup squads The following is a list of squads for each nation who competed at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup in Russia from 17 June to 2 July 2017, as a prelude to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Each squad consisted of 23 players, three of which had to be goalkeepers. Replacement of injured players was", "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup squads" }, { "id": "15120961", "text": "qualifying competition following the suspension of their football association by FIFA on 30 May 2015. Kuwait had a number of their qualifiers cancelled for a similar suspension that began while their campaign was underway, which eventually resulted in their elimination. Brazil were the first team to achieve qualification for the tournament following their 3–0 victory over Paraguay and Uruguay's loss to Peru on 28 March 2017. Peru became the 32nd and final team to qualify when, 233 days after Brazil secured their place, they beat New Zealand 2–0 on aggregate in the OFC-CONMEBOL play-off. \"Note: One team each from AFC,", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "15358515", "text": "years old. Some of them worked as volunteers during the 1980 Olympics in Moscow. It was the first experience with such a large-scale volunteer program in the contemporary Russia. For the first time in its history, Russia will host the FIFA World Cup from 14 June till 15 July 2018. Moreover, it will be the first time the World Cup games will be played both in Europe and Asia. The games will be hosted by 12 stadiums in 11 Russian cities. The volunteer program of the 2018 FIFA World Cup has engaged thousands of people from Russia and other countries", "title": "Volunteering" } ]	how many teams are in the world cup in russia
[ "Charlie Daniels Band" ]	[ { "id": "4793666", "text": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" is a song written and performed by the Charlie Daniels Band and released on their 1979 album \"Million Mile Reflections\". The song is written in the key of D minor. Vassar Clements originally wrote the basic melody an octave lower, in a tune called \"Lonesome Fiddle Blues\" released on Clements' self-titled 1975 album on which Charlie Daniels played guitar. The Charlie Daniels Band moved it up an octave and put words to it. The song's verses are closer to being spoken rather than sung (i.e., recitation), and tell", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "10300639", "text": "Million Mile Reflections Million Mile Reflections is the 10th studio album by The Charlie Daniels Band, released on April 20, 1979. It is best known for the hit single \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". The title refers to the band having passed the million mile mark in its touring. The song \"Reflections\" is a tribute to Elvis Presley, Janis Joplin, and Ronnie Van Zant. Daniels dedicated the album to Van Zant, who had died in October, 1977 in a plane crash. All songs written by Charlie Daniels, Tom Crain, Taz DiGregorio, Fred Edwards, Charles Hayward & James W. Marshall,", "title": "Million Mile Reflections" }, { "id": "4793673", "text": "Devil motif. Charlie Daniels has stated in interviews, \"I don't know where it came from, but it just did. Well, I think I might know where it came from, it may have come from an old poem called 'The Mountain Whippoorwill' that Stephen Vincent Benét wrote many, many years ago (1925), that I had in high school.\" The original version of the song spent fourteen weeks on the Hot Country Singles charts in 1979, peaking at number 1 and holding the position for one week. It spent two weeks at a peak of number 3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "4793668", "text": "replied, but considering that the song was recorded in December 1978 and \"Urban Cowboy\" was filmed in 1979, it would have been impossible for Swayze to set the recorded song's tempo. The song is an uptempo bluegrass song about the Devil's failed attempt to \"steal\" a young man's soul through a fiddle-playing contest that involved enticing the young man's participation using a worldly prize. The song begins with a disappointed Devil arriving in Georgia, having stolen far fewer souls than expected, when he comes upon a fiddle-playing young man named Johnny. At that moment, Johnny happens to be playing his", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "4793672", "text": "accommodate radio airplay (both Country and Top 40 formats), the 45 RPM single release overdubbed that portion of the lyric as \"\"'Cause I told you once, you son of a gun, I'm the best that's ever been.\"\" (The uncensored album version appears on the soundtrack of the movie \"Urban Cowboy\", and it is this version that has been used on numerous music compilations since then.) Thus, Johnny maintains his virtue, keeping his soul from the Devil by displaying his musical virtuosity in performing traditional songs of America's South. The ballad's story is a derivative of the traditional deal with the", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "2521643", "text": "Charlie Daniels Charles Edward Daniels (born October 28, 1936) is an American multi-instrumentalist, lyricist, and singer, known for his contributions to Southern rock, country, and bluegrass music. He is perhaps best known for his number-one country hit \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". Daniels has been active as a singer and musician since the 1950s. He was inducted into the Cheyenne Frontier Days Hall of Fame in 2002, the Grand Ole Opry in 2008, the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2009, and the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2016. Daniels was born October 28, 1936, in Wilmington,", "title": "Charlie Daniels" }, { "id": "10300641", "text": "lengthy silent portion of Program 4 and minimize splitting more than one track over the four programs. The Charlie Daniels Band: Additional personnel: Million Mile Reflections Million Mile Reflections is the 10th studio album by The Charlie Daniels Band, released on April 20, 1979. It is best known for the hit single \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". The title refers to the band having passed the million mile mark in its touring. The song \"Reflections\" is a tribute to Elvis Presley, Janis Joplin, and Ronnie Van Zant. Daniels dedicated the album to Van Zant, who had died in October,", "title": "Million Mile Reflections" }, { "id": "4793675", "text": "seven weeks on the chart and peaked at number 60. In 1993, a sequel to the song, titled \"The Devil Comes Back to Georgia\", was recorded and released by Daniels and fiddle player Mark O'Connor, featuring guest performances by Travis Tritt (as the devil), Marty Stuart (as Johnny) and Johnny Cash as the narrator. The song can be found on Mark O'Connor's album, \"Heroes\". In the sequel, the devil, his anger unabated ten years after his defeat at young Johnny's hands, decides to take up the boy's challenge to \"c'mon back if you ever wanna try again\". With Johnny now", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "4793667", "text": "the story of a boy named Johnny, in a variant on the classic deal with the Devil. The performances of Satan and Johnny are played as instrumental bridges. The song was the band's biggest hit, reaching number three on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, prevented from further chart movement by \"After The Love Has Gone\" by Earth, Wind and Fire and \"My Sharona\" by The Knack. It is featured in the 1980 film \"Urban Cowboy\", whose choreographer, Patsy Swayze, claims that she set the song's tempo. \"How fast can you dance it?\" Daniels asked. \"How fast can you play it?\" Swayze", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "4793674", "text": "The single was certified Platinum by the RIAA on December 20, 1989, for sales of over one million copies in the United States. Since it became available as a download in the digital era, it has also sold 2.297 million digital copies in the US as of November 2016. In June 1998, Epic Records re-released the song to country radio, but accidentally sent out the version in which the line \"son of a bitch\" was uncensored. This error was quickly corrected, and the song re-entered the country charts at number 62 for the chart dated June 20, 1998. It spent", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "15988206", "text": "Devil Went Down To Georgia,\" which achieved a number 3 placing on the US Pop Charts, was co-written by DiGregorio. In addition to his work with Daniels, he recorded the solo projects \"Midnight in Savannah\" (2008) and \"Shake Rag\" (2008). The original Charlie Daniels Band was Charlie, Jerry Corbitt from the Youngbloods, Billy Cox from the Band of Gypsys, Jeffrey Meyer, and Taz. They stayed together for six months, but then it didn't work out. After that, it was Charlie, Taz, Jeffrey, and Earl Grigsby. The original Charlie Daniels Band can still be heard on a bootleg album called \"Corbitt", "title": "Joel DiGregorio" }, { "id": "13498750", "text": "Steve Ouimette Stephen \"Steve\" Ouimette (born June 18, 1968) is a rock guitarist. He is known for performing a cover version of the hit song \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\" (which was originally by the Charlie Daniels Band) for the video game \"\", in which the parts played on the fiddle are instead played on an electric guitar by Ouimette, Ed DeGenaro and Geoff Tyson (though the lyrics remained unchanged). Aside from this track, Ouimette also recorded seven other songs for the game, and also made a version of the Christmas carol \"We Three Kings\" released as downloadable content", "title": "Steve Ouimette" }, { "id": "62547", "text": "traditional songs such as \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by the Charlie Daniels Band. It was during this time that a glut of pop-country crossover artists began appearing on the country charts: former pop stars Bill Medley (of The Righteous Brothers), \"England Dan\" Seals (of England Dan and John Ford Coley), Tom Jones, and Merrill Osmond (both alone and with some of his brothers; his younger sister Marie Osmond was already an established country star) all recorded significant country hits in the early 1980s. Sales in record stores rocketed to $250 million in 1981; by 1984, 900 radio stations", "title": "Country music" }, { "id": "4793671", "text": "/ Granny will your dog bite, no child no.\") The last is a traditional American southern folk song \"The House of the Rising Sun.\" The four songs are not performed but are only mentioned by reference. The Devil is impressed, admits defeat, and lays a golden fiddle at Johnny's feet. Johnny repeats his claim to be the best player ever and dares the Devil to a rematch in the future. Johnny's final boast, as originally recorded for the \"Million Mile Reflections\" album, goes \"\"I done told you once, you son of a bitch, I'm the best that's ever been.\"\" To", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "2521648", "text": "in 1979 for \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\", which reached No. 3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in September 1979. The following year, \"Devil\" became a major crossover success on rock radio stations after its inclusion on the soundtrack for the hit movie \"Urban Cowboy\", in which he made an onscreen appearance. The song still receives regular airplay on U.S. classic rock and country stations. A hard rock/heavy metal cover version of the song was included in the video game \"\" as the final guitar battle against the last boss (Lou, the devil). Daniels has openly stated his opposition", "title": "Charlie Daniels" }, { "id": "3441913", "text": "title is credited to the mix of influences that made Russell's unique musical style. After touring with Willie Nelson, Russell and Nelson in 1979 had a #1 hit on \"Billboard\"s country music chart with their duet of \"Heartbreak Hotel\". This single was nominated for Best Country Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group at the 1979 Grammy Awards (presented on February 27, 1980), with the award going to the Charlie Daniels Band for \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". They also released their duet country pop-rock studio album, \"One for the Road\", that year. It was Russell's fifth gold album.", "title": "Leon Russell" }, { "id": "4128059", "text": "Anne Murray, and #4 \"Love the World Away\" by Kenny Rogers. It also included songs that were hits from earlier years such as #1 \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by the Charlie Daniels Band and \"Lyin' Eyes\" by the Eagles. The film is said to have started the 1980s boom in pop-country music known as the \"Urban Cowboy Movement\" also known as Neo-Country or Hill Boogie. The soundtrack was certified triple platinum by the RIAA for sales of three million copies. Released as a double LP, re-released on CD in 1995. Side A: Side B: Side C: Side D:", "title": "Urban Cowboy" }, { "id": "4793670", "text": "When the Devil's performance ends, Johnny compliments him and takes his own turn, making reference to four songs. Two are traditional songs of Appalachia -- \"Fire on the Mountain\" (also the name of Daniels' 1974 album) and \"Granny Does Your Dog Bite?\" (the latter traditionally known as \"Granny Will Your Dog Bite?\"). The third is an unnamed square dance melody that includes the patter, \"Chicken in the bread pan pickin' out dough.\" (The country music standard \"Ida Red,\" as most famously recorded by Bob Wills & His Texas Playboys, includes the lyric \"Chicken in the bread pan pickin' out dough", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "909897", "text": "in late 1975. Ozarak Mountain Daredevils had hit single \"Jackie Blue\"(1975) and Belammy Brothers got hit \"Let Your Love Flow\"(1976). In 1979, the Southern rock Charlie Daniels Band moved to a more country direction, released a song with strong bluegrass influence, \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\", and the song crossed over and became a hit on the pop chart. Outside its handful of stars, country rock's greatest significance was on artists in other genres, including the Band, Grateful Dead, Creedence Clearwater Revival, the Rolling Stones and George Harrison's solo work. It also played a part in the development of", "title": "Country rock" }, { "id": "4793676", "text": "an adult and married with an infant son, the devil is convinced that Johnny's sinful pride will be his undoing, so he takes back the golden fiddle he lost to Johnny, and forces him to practice with his old fiddle before their rematch. Though the lyrics of the song state that \"Johnny's the best that's ever been\", reiterating his bold claim in the original song, the sequel's lyrics do not reveal who won the rematch, but the music video shows that Johnny wins. The Devil Went Down to Georgia \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" is a song written and", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "9702627", "text": "Countrified (Emerson Drive album) Countrified is the fifth album by Canadian country music band Emerson Drive. It was released in 2006 as their first issue for the Midas Records label. In the U.S., the album produced three singles on the Hot Country Songs charts: \"A Good Man\", \"Moments\" (the band's first Number One hit), and \"You Still Own Me\". Two of the album's tracks are covers: \"You Still Own Me\" was previously a hit in Canada for Johnny Reid, and \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" is a cover of a song made famous by the Charlie Daniels Band. Adapted", "title": "Countrified (Emerson Drive album)" }, { "id": "11973567", "text": "Were Here\", \"Cotton Eye Joe\" in its original and a remix version, \"Rolling Home\" and \"Wild 'N Free\", which have been previously released as singles from \"Sex & Violins\" in 1995. Four tracks, \"Spirit Of The Hawk\", \"The Way I Mate\", \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\" and \"Hold Me For A While\", have been previously released as singles, except \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\", which only received a music video release, from \"Farm Out\" back in 2000. The other five songs – \"Are You Strong Enough\", \"The Song Of Silence\", \"Love Me Or Leave Me\", \"Ride The Hurricane's", "title": "The Best of the West" }, { "id": "12565643", "text": "has grown to be a global phenomenon. As the 1980s dawned, pop-influenced country music was the dominant style, through such acts as Kenny Rogers, Ronnie Milsap, T.G. Sheppard, Eddie Rabbitt, Crystal Gayle, Anne Murray and Dolly Parton. The 1980 movie \"Urban Cowboy\", a romantic comedy starring John Travolta and Debra Winger, spawned a successful soundtrack album featuring pop-styled country songs, including \"Lookin' for Love\" by Johnny Lee, \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by the Charlie Daniels Band, \"Could I Have This Dance\" by Murray and \"Love the World Away\" by Rogers. The songs, and the movie itself, resulted in", "title": "1980s in music" }, { "id": "15719657", "text": "style player based in Portland, Oregon. Fiddles are typically associated with country and other genres of popular music while violins are usually associated with classical and other genres of art music. Also known as \"OBS\", Orange Blossom Special exploits the capacity of fiddle or violin to imitate various mechanical tones. Authorship is controversial. The canonical American fiddle tune, \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" was written by Charlie Daniels as an interpretation the \"Lonesome Fiddle Blues\" by Vassar Clements and has been covered innumerable times. Although classified as country rock, the tune uses licks based on old-time fiddle playing and", "title": "American fiddle" }, { "id": "5130877", "text": "more. Performances from this Jam were combined with performances from VolJam III to create a live album, Volunteer Jam III and IV. January 13, 1979 Volunteer Jam V was held at Municipal Auditorium in Nashville, TN. This Jam marked the return of Lynyrd Skynyrd to the stage for the first time since the '77 plane crash, and the CDB gave the first live performance of a song that would catapult the band to superstardom, \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia.\" Special guests also included Toy Caldwell and George McCorkle from the Marshall Tucker Band, Dobie Gray, The Winters Brothers Band,", "title": "Volunteer Jam" }, { "id": "6746047", "text": "Devil plays an iteration of \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by The Charlie Daniels Band. Writer Ken Keeler was nominated for an Emmy Award in 2004 for \"Outstanding Music and Lyrics\" for the song \"I Want My Hands Back\" and for an Annie Award for \"Music in an Animated Television Production\". The episode was ranked number 16 on IGN's list of the top 25 \"Futurama\" episodes in 2006. \"Science Fiction Weekly\" rated the episode as their \"A Pick\" for its original airing in 2003, calling the episode a \"superbly funny ending to the series\". Dan Castellaneta's performance as the", "title": "The Devil's Hands Are Idle Playthings" }, { "id": "9702628", "text": "from liner notes. Countrified (Emerson Drive album) Countrified is the fifth album by Canadian country music band Emerson Drive. It was released in 2006 as their first issue for the Midas Records label. In the U.S., the album produced three singles on the Hot Country Songs charts: \"A Good Man\", \"Moments\" (the band's first Number One hit), and \"You Still Own Me\". Two of the album's tracks are covers: \"You Still Own Me\" was previously a hit in Canada for Johnny Reid, and \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" is a cover of a song made famous by the Charlie", "title": "Countrified (Emerson Drive album)" }, { "id": "5659334", "text": "Rhinoplasty (EP) Rhinoplasty is an extended play record by Primus. It was released August 11, 1998 by Interscope Records and features covers of songs by artists such as Stanley Clarke, Metallica, and Jerry Reed. The CD also features an interactive CD-ROM which includes the claymation video for \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". The live version of \"Tommy the Cat\" is performed with \"The Awakening\" in the middle. The original song was by The Reddings from their 1980 album \"The Awakening\", and had previously been covered by Les Claypool and the Holy Mackerel on their album \"Highball with the Devil\".", "title": "Rhinoplasty (EP)" }, { "id": "11973547", "text": "been released out of the album. Unlike the first album, full of songs, \"Farm Out\" featured an intro \"Fresh Pigs And More\" and three interludes, titled \"Boring…\", \"Animal in the Rain\" and \"Message From Our Sponsors\". The song \"McKenzie Brothers II (Continued…)\", as the title reveals, is a continuation of the story, previously told in their song \"McKenzie Brothers\" from their debut album \"Sex & Violins\". \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" is a cover version of the eponymous 1979 song of the Charlie Daniels Band. While \"Sex & Violins\" has the same amount on dance/country, classic country songs and", "title": "Farm Out" }, { "id": "16093269", "text": "Essential Super Hits Essential Super Hits is a CD by country rock artist Charlie Daniels. It includes a 5-song DVD video. It was released on July 27, 2004. The CD is somewhat known for having rerecorded versions of \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\", \"Still In Saigon\", \"The South's Gonna Do It\", and \"Uneasy Rider\", and \"Long Haired Country Boy.\" In \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\", the line featuring \"son of a bitch\" is sung as \"son of a gun\" and in \"Uneasy Rider\" many of the pop culture references have been updated. In \"Long Haired Country Boy\" the", "title": "Essential Super Hits" }, { "id": "10542084", "text": "Career mode includes three guitar battles, one against each boss: Slash, Tom Morello, and Lou the Devil. Slash and Morello both wrote and recorded original battle music for the game. Guitarists Steve Ouimette, Ed DeGenaro and Geoff Tyson play as Lou the Devil for the final battle, and re-recorded a metal guitar version of \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" for that purpose. The soundtrack features songs such as \"Paint It Black\" by The Rolling Stones, \"Cherub Rock\" by The Smashing Pumpkins, \"Sabotage\" by Beastie Boys, \"The Metal\" by Tenacious D, \"My Name is Jonas\" by Weezer, \"Rock and Roll", "title": "Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock" }, { "id": "5389986", "text": "was frightened by the duo picks up the now-recorded CD, eyes glowing red, and cackles demonically. Although the video had huge success on UK television, the song was never actually released there as a single. \"Tribute\" was nominated for two Music Video Production Association Awards: \"Alternative Video of the Year\" and \"Directorial Debut of the Year\". In addition, it was a nominee for best video in the 2002 Kerrang! Awards. Some critics described the plot of the song as being similar to the song \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by the Charlie Daniels Band. CD single (Epic Records #673519", "title": "Tribute (song)" }, { "id": "10787822", "text": "¡Bastardos en Vivo! ¡Bastardos en Vivo! is a live EP album by Blues Traveler, released August 29, 2006. It contains live recordings of several songs from the band's album \"¡Bastardos!\", plus a rendition of the Charlie Daniels Band's classic southern rock song, \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". In America, the album was made available only via independent record stores. All tracks were from concerts played in 2006. Track one was recorded at Snipe's Farm in Morrisville, Pennsylvania on May 20. Track two was recorded at Rockville Town Center in Rockville, Maryland on May 28. Tracks three and four were", "title": "¡Bastardos en Vivo!" }, { "id": "16093270", "text": "references to drugs and alcohol have been replaced. Track 17 is unlisted. It is a spoken track where Charlie Daniels recites the Red Skelton monologue about the pledge from 1969. 2. The Music of \"The Charlie Daniels Band\" Web site, \"Essential Super Hits\" (2004). Essential Super Hits Essential Super Hits is a CD by country rock artist Charlie Daniels. It includes a 5-song DVD video. It was released on July 27, 2004. The CD is somewhat known for having rerecorded versions of \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\", \"Still In Saigon\", \"The South's Gonna Do It\", and \"Uneasy Rider\", and", "title": "Essential Super Hits" }, { "id": "2450368", "text": "Johnny Lee, \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by the Charlie Daniels Band, \"Could I Have This Dance\" by Murray and \"Love the World Away\" by Rogers. The songs, and the movie itself, resulted in an early 1980s boom in pop-styled country music, and the era is sometimes known as the \"Urban Cowboy Movement\". By the mid-1980s, country music audiences were beginning to tire of country pop. Although some pop-country artists continued to record and release successful songs and albums, the genre in general was beginning to suffer. By 1985, a \"New York Times\" article declared country music \"dead\". However,", "title": "Music history of the United States in the 1980s" }, { "id": "1389163", "text": "are a number of classic rock references too: \"We Saw Jerry's Daughter\" is a parody of Deadheads; \"Stairway to Heavan\" (sic), \"Five Sticks\" and \"Joe Stalin's Cadillac\" all contain song titles or lyrics modified from Led Zeppelin; and the cover of \"Interstellar Overdrive\" and several of the album's songs are reminiscent of Syd Barrett-era Pink Floyd. \"We Love You\" also contains a parody of the Charlie Daniels Band song \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". In the original \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\", the Devil was portrayed as a negative being who is defeated in a fiddle-playing contest by", "title": "Camper Van Beethoven (album)" }, { "id": "10787823", "text": "recorded at Hookahville in Thornville, Ohio on May 27. Track five was recorded at Streeter's Entertainment Center in Traverse City, Michigan on June 7 and the final track was recorded at The Stone Pony in Asbury Park, New Jersey on June 20. ¡Bastardos en Vivo! ¡Bastardos en Vivo! is a live EP album by Blues Traveler, released August 29, 2006. It contains live recordings of several songs from the band's album \"¡Bastardos!\", plus a rendition of the Charlie Daniels Band's classic southern rock song, \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". In America, the album was made available only via independent", "title": "¡Bastardos en Vivo!" }, { "id": "14358382", "text": "(500 Miles)\", originally by The Proclaimers. Guests in the backing chorus include members of the Vibrators, The Lurkers, The Wildhearts, Sugar Snatch, and the Inmates.\" Another cover version featured is \"The Devil Went Down to Scunthorpe\", which is listed on the back cover with \"Georgia\" instead of \"Scunthorpe\", except scribbled out with \"Scunthorpe\" written next to it in a felt tip pen. The album also includes a cover of The Shadows' \"Bachelor Boy\" as part of a composition that also includes the band's own composition \"When Gerry Married Melanie\". Whilst interviewing Olga, \"Flipside\", commenting on the inclusion of \"Bachelor Boy\",", "title": "One More Megabyte" }, { "id": "3224584", "text": "the sea-side village of Doolin. The Celtic band Gaelic Storm has a fiddle tune which references the town called \"The Devil Went Down to Doolin\" (presumably a play on the popular song The Devil Went Down to Georgia) on their album Herding Cats. Doolin Doolin () is a coastal village in County Clare, Ireland, on the Atlantic coast. It borders the spa town of Lisdoonvarna. It is a noted centre of traditional Irish music, which is played nightly in its pubs, making it a popular tourist destination. There are numerous nearby archaeological sites, many dating to the Iron Age and", "title": "Doolin" }, { "id": "3135534", "text": "Their albums usually include a cover version of a well-known hit song, usually sped up to the usual punk rock tempo. Covers have included: \"Blue Suede Shoes\", \"Toccata in Dm\", \"No Particular Place to Go\", \"Sabre Dance\", \"Livin' La Vida Loca\", \"Lazy Sunday\", \"I'm Gonna Be (500 Miles)\", \"She's So Modern\" and \"The Final Countdown\". They have also recorded parodies of popular songs, such as \"The Kids in Tyne and Wear (Kids in America)\" and \"The Devil Went Down to Scunthorpe (The Devil Went Down to Georgia)\". Their albums often start with a short intro with a catchy guitar riff,", "title": "Toy Dolls" }, { "id": "9173554", "text": "Ouimette, Tyson along with Ed DeGenaro is one of the featured guitarists in his cover version of \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" in the video game \"\". Tyson currently lives in Prague, Czech Republic where the Geoff Tyson band has been playing festivals all over Europe. His new band is called Smooshface (CD release expected in 2016) He is also the FOH audio mixer for bands touring all over the US and Europe, Including the band Goblin. Geoff Tyson Geoff Tyson (also referred to as Jeff Tyson) played guitar for T-Ride, whose debut album shared the same title. He", "title": "Geoff Tyson" }, { "id": "2521660", "text": "doctor visit on March 25, 2013, Daniels was diagnosed with a mild case of pneumonia and admitted to a Nashville hospital for a series of routine tests. The tests revealed that a pacemaker was needed to regulate his heart rate. One was put in on March 28 and Daniels was released from hospital within days. Charlie Daniels Charles Edward Daniels (born October 28, 1936) is an American multi-instrumentalist, lyricist, and singer, known for his contributions to Southern rock, country, and bluegrass music. He is perhaps best known for his number-one country hit \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". Daniels has", "title": "Charlie Daniels" }, { "id": "15239361", "text": "the duo \"cute as a button\". On January 18, 2011, the group also performed at the Grand Ole Opry as part of the Academy of Country Music Awards, where they were nominated for Top New Vocal Duet or Group. They also performed \"Wildflower\" and \"Shotgun Girl\" at the opening of 2011 CMA Music Festival; as part of the set, Brown played a medley of the Charlie Daniels' 1979 single \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" and Johnny Cash's 1938 song \"Orange Blossom Special\". Chris Parton of CMT praised the group for their energy and harmonies, while Matthew Keever of the", "title": "The JaneDear girls (album)" }, { "id": "2942464", "text": "Daniels' \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\", the Levellers' performance secured their place on the large Pyramid Stage for the following year. The band also scored a chart hit with the \"15 Years EP\", a track which was added to later re-pressings of \"Levelling the Land\" due to its popularity. The generally gloomy atmosphere that surrounded the band is reflected in the darker tone of the resulting eponymous album. Despite the band's dislike of the album, it reached No. 2 in the album charts. It included \"This Garden\", which reached No. 12 on the UK Singles Chart. In June 1993", "title": "Levellers (band)" }, { "id": "7320713", "text": "was ranked #498 on the List of Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. The song has been covered by a number of musicians, including Ray Charles, Otis Rush, Gil Parris, Little Milton, Dolla, Hearts Of Stone, Randy Crawford, Tennessee Ernie Ford, Al Hirt, Johnny Rivers, Amos Garrett, Hank Williams, Jr.(#21 Can.), Nat Stuckey, a Conway Twitty/Sam Moore duet (#33 Can.), Arthur Prysock, Aaron Neville, Chris Young, Ana Popovic and Shelby Lynne. Randy Crawford's version from the album \"Secret Combination\" reached No. 18 in the UK Singles Chart in 1981. David Ruffin recorded a cover version of the song", "title": "Rainy Night in Georgia" }, { "id": "2074229", "text": "an audition. The Piedmont Wind Ensemble is for woodwind and brass students in middle school and high school. The Western Piedmont Youth Symphony is a large youth orchestra associated with the Western Piedmont Symphony in Hickory. Students are auditioned and range in age from middle school through college. Additional notable North Carolina musicians include country singers Andy Griffith (d. 2012, buried on Roanoke Island in NC) from Mt. Airy, Charlie Daniels (the bluegrass influenced \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" 1979) from Wilmington, Ronnie Milsap (\"Smoky Mountain Rain\" 1980), Randy Travis from the Charlotte area (\"Forever and Ever, Amen\" 1987),", "title": "Music of North Carolina" }, { "id": "10300640", "text": "except where noted. The 8-track tape running order (Epic JEA 35751) differs from the original LP, as follows: Program 1: Passing Lane - Blue Star - Jitterbug Program 2: Reflections - The Devil Went Down To Georgia - Behind Your Eyes (Part 1) Program 3: Behind Your Eyes (Concl) - Mississippi - Blind Man Program 4: Rainbow Ride - The Devil Went Down To Georgia (Reprise)* <nowiki>*</nowiki>\"The Devil Went Down To Georgia (Reprise)\" is a shorter version of \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\" evidenced only by an earlier fade, likely to best program the 8-track tape to minimize a", "title": "Million Mile Reflections" }, { "id": "15299904", "text": "to Georgia”. All songs by Sicmonic, except \"\"Devil Went Down to Georgia\"\" by Charlie Daniels Band. Sicmonic Production Look to the Skies Look to the Skies is the debut album by American heavy metal band, Sicmonic. It was independently released in August 2006 and only 2000 copies of the album were pressed and released. The album’s first single, “Fist to Throat” featured a Fallen Films released music video and was shot behind their rehearsal studio in Phoenix, Arizona. The video was directed and edited by Freddy Allen. \"Look to the Skies\" is the first and last release that drummer Douglas", "title": "Look to the Skies" }, { "id": "13498752", "text": "vintage and modern guitars and amps. He endorses Godin Guitars, Eminence Speakers and D'Addario Strings. He also collects and plays homemade and exotic instruments like the Marx-o-Chime, Greek bouzouki, GuitarViol, mandolin, cigar box guitars and ukulele. Steve Ouimette Stephen \"Steve\" Ouimette (born June 18, 1968) is a rock guitarist. He is known for performing a cover version of the hit song \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\" (which was originally by the Charlie Daniels Band) for the video game \"\", in which the parts played on the fiddle are instead played on an electric guitar by Ouimette, Ed DeGenaro and", "title": "Steve Ouimette" }, { "id": "2533430", "text": "Improvised Ornamentation of Giuseppe Tartini\". Unpublished M.A. thesis. Berkeley, 1959). Tartini is mentioned in Madame Blavatsky's \"The Ensouled Violin\", a short story included in the collection \"Nightmare Tales\". The folklore of the \"Devil's violin\", classically exemplified by a similar story told of Niccolò Paganini, is widespread; it is an instance of the \"Deal with the Devil\". Modern variants are Roland Bowman's \"The Devil's Violin\" and the country song \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\"; the PBS segment on violin in its series \"Art\" was titled \"Art of violin: the devil's instrument\". Tartini's \"The Devil's Trill\" is the signature work of", "title": "Giuseppe Tartini" }, { "id": "8632370", "text": "Spiritual, 4. Forgiveness, 5. Karma, 6. When Love Comes Back Again, 7. Missing You, 8. Just As Well, 9. A Place That I Call Home, 10. The Only Way To You Is Through Me, 11. Circle Of Friends, 12. The Devil Went Down To Georgia - Cover - Josh Zuckerman's second album, Out From Under, was released in 2006. It is a 13-track CD of original material. The album features \"Steve DeVito\" of The Secret Syde. After the album's release, the first single \"Out From Under\", soared to number one for four weeks on Sirius Satellite Radio in 2006. The", "title": "Josh Zuckerman (musician)" }, { "id": "5659336", "text": "belongs.\" She also opines that \"the band's version of \"Making Plans For Nigel\" is legendary, but their take on \"Scissor Man\" is more deranged than Andy Partridge on a bad day.\" Rhinoplasty (EP) Rhinoplasty is an extended play record by Primus. It was released August 11, 1998 by Interscope Records and features covers of songs by artists such as Stanley Clarke, Metallica, and Jerry Reed. The CD also features an interactive CD-ROM which includes the claymation video for \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". The live version of \"Tommy the Cat\" is performed with \"The Awakening\" in the middle. The", "title": "Rhinoplasty (EP)" }, { "id": "14867987", "text": "(\"Never Goin' Back to Georgia\" 1969). Canned Heat recorded a demo version in 1967, but re-recorded it as \"Amphetamine Annie\" (an early anti-drug song) using the same music (\"Boogie with Canned Heat\" 1968). Led Zeppelin used some of the lyrics from \"The Hunter\" during the \"How Many More Times\" medley on their 1969 debut album \"Led Zeppelin\" as did Paul Stanley for the 1977 Kiss song \"Love Gun\". Later recordings include versions by Great White (\"Great White\" 1983), Koko Taylor (\"Queen of the Blues\" 1985), Danzig (\"Danzig\" 1988), Paul Rodgers (\"\" 1993), Doyle Bramhall (\"Bird's Nest on the Ground\" 1994),", "title": "The Hunter (Albert King song)" }, { "id": "2028999", "text": "Primus, except \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by the Charlie Daniels Band. Album Animals Should Not Try to Act Like People Animals Should Not Try to Act Like People is a career-spanning retrospective DVD plus bonus EP by American band Primus, released on October 7, 2003. The title was inspired by a crayon-made story book written by guitarist Larry LaLonde's son, and the cover depicts a sculpture made by long-time Primus collaborator Lance \"Link\" Montoya. The DVD features all of the band's music videos to date, plus short films and live footage from as far back as 1986, whereas", "title": "Animals Should Not Try to Act Like People" }, { "id": "1427640", "text": "label issued another Weatherly ballad, \"Where Peaceful Waters Flow\", released around the same time \"Neither One of Us\" and a posthumous Motown single, \"Daddy Could Swear, I Declare\", was charting. The song became a modest success as a result. The group reached its popular and critical peak soon afterwards, starting with the release of another Weatherly song, \"Midnight Train to Georgia\", in August 1973. The song eventually hit number one on both the Billboard Hot 100 and R&B singles charts, becoming their signature song. They followed that single with the release of the million-selling album, \"Imagination\", which released two more", "title": "Gladys Knight & the Pips" }, { "id": "11224239", "text": "Tony Camillo Tony Camillo (died August 28, 2018) was an American record producer, orchestrator and arranger. He worked on many soul, pop and disco recordings of the 1960s and 1970s, including recordings by Dionne Warwick, Eric Carmen, The Stylistics, Dazz Band, Millie Jackson, Chambers Brothers, Peaches & Herb, Sha Na Na, Grand Funk Railroad, Stevie Wonder, The 5th Dimension, Martha Reeves, The Supremes, Parliament, and Tommy James. He co-produced and arranged Gladys Knight and The Pips's 1973 number one hit, \"Midnight Train to Georgia\", which was awarded a Grammy Award. He co-wrote and produced the group's 1974 hit, \"I Feel", "title": "Tony Camillo" }, { "id": "13089004", "text": "Man Willis\" (by Tony Joe White himself) was the second single. \"Old Man Willis\" was later re-recorded for the album. The album contained the track \"Rainy Night In Georgia\" popularized by R&B vocalist Brook Benton in 1970. It reached #4 on the Pop Singles and #2 on the Adult Contemporary charts, respectively. The RIAA certified the single gold for sales of one million copies. In 2004, it was ranked #498 on the List of Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. The song has been covered by a number of musicians, including Ray Charles, Otis Rush, Randy Crawford, Tennessee", "title": "...Continued" }, { "id": "5844333", "text": "song to actress/singer Liza Minnelli, but eventually it was offered to singer Cher, but her then-husband and manager Sonny Bono reportedly refused it, as he was said to be concerned that the song might offend Cher's southern fans. Without a singer to record the song, Lawrence went into a studio and recorded it professionally herself, with the instrumental backing of L.A. session musicians from the Wrecking Crew, then pressed the label to release it as a single. Released as a single in June 1972, the song would ultimately become a number-one success for Lawrence, topping the Hot 100 chart in", "title": "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia" }, { "id": "5828971", "text": "Midnight Train to Georgia \"Midnight Train to Georgia\" is a 1973 number-one hit single by Gladys Knight & the Pips, their second release after departing Motown Records for Buddah Records. Written by Jim Weatherly, and included on the Pips' 1973 LP \"Imagination\", \"Midnight Train to Georgia\" won the 1974 Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo, Group Or Chorus and has become Knight's signature song. The song was originally written and performed by Jim Weatherly under the title \"Midnight Plane to Houston\", which he recorded on Jimmy Bowen's Amos Records. \"It was based on a conversation I", "title": "Midnight Train to Georgia" }, { "id": "6605877", "text": "specifically the Inferno. The \"Fairness in Hell Act\", where the damned may engage in a fiddle battle to save his soul and win a solid gold fiddle, is taken directly from The Charlie Daniels Band song \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\". Jokes poking fun at New Jersey are included because writer Cohen and actor DiMaggio both grew up there. The Temple of Robotology is a spoof of the Church of Scientology, and according to series creator Groening he received a call from the Church of Scientology concerned about the use of a similar name. Groening's \"The Simpsons\" had previously", "title": "Hell Is Other Robots" }, { "id": "3066073", "text": "Mike Church Mike Church (born 1962) is an American radio and internet talk show host, and singer/songwriter. \"The Mike Church Show\" was the first-ever produced talk show on Sirius Satellite Radio (now Sirius XM Radio). Prior to its cancellation in October, 2015, Church's show was the longest-running program on satellite radio. His final live show on Sirius XM aired on the morning of Tuesday, October 27, 2015. In 2011 Michael Dougherty, writing for \"The American Conservative\", called Church \"the most radical man on the radio\". Church also created original conservative-themed parody songs, which include \"Manuel Went Down To Georgia,\" \"There's", "title": "Mike Church" }, { "id": "8632385", "text": "Georgia.\" Needless to say we were intrigued.\" -Instinct Magazine \"No, he's not your average rocker, Josh Zuckerman considers his music alternative pop rock. His favorite artists include No Doubt, The Pretenders, Sheryl Crow, Sting and Bon Jovi. Their influences can be felt on his first solo album \"A Totally New Sensation.\" -HX Magazine \"\"A Totally New Sensation,\" All of the tunes are original, except for a cover of The Charlie Daniels Band's \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia.\" Zuckerman, an accomplished violinist, tackles the ambitious fiddle parts with aplomb.\" -Time Out New York \"The buzz is big on this New", "title": "Josh Zuckerman (musician)" }, { "id": "11074021", "text": "elected to keep Kelsey. Charity is the first team member to be sent home. The teams at the end of week 4 are as follows: This week, the dancers had to take on country music. The show began with the teams performing \"Loud\" by Big and Rich. Team Carrie Ann performed first, singing and dancing to \"The Devil Went Down to Georgia\" by the Charlie Daniels Band. Then Team Bruno performed their first number, \"Life is a Highway\" by Tom Cochrane. Special guest Taylor Swift performed \"Our Song\". Team Carrie Ann performed \"Black Horse and the Cherry Tree\" by KT", "title": "Dance War: Bruno vs. Carrie Ann" }, { "id": "5828980", "text": "recorded at Venture Sound Studios, Hillsborough, New Jersey, 1973: Overdubs recorded at Venture Sound Studios: Midnight Train to Georgia \"Midnight Train to Georgia\" is a 1973 number-one hit single by Gladys Knight & the Pips, their second release after departing Motown Records for Buddah Records. Written by Jim Weatherly, and included on the Pips' 1973 LP \"Imagination\", \"Midnight Train to Georgia\" won the 1974 Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo, Group Or Chorus and has become Knight's signature song. The song was originally written and performed by Jim Weatherly under the title \"Midnight Plane to Houston\",", "title": "Midnight Train to Georgia" }, { "id": "15295793", "text": "was shot behind their rehearsal studio in Phoenix, Arizona. The video was directed and edited by Freddy Allen. The album features a cover of the Charlie Daniels Band, “The Devil Went Down to Georgia”. Soon, Look to the Skies caught the interest of Italian label Aural Music, and brought forth the second album, Somnambulist. Before the writing of Somnambulist, Douglas Berry left the band. On July 30, 2008, Sicmonic independently released a sampler containing four tracks to be released on the second studio album, \"Somnambulist\". On September 9, 2008, Sicmonic released an independently recorded version of Somnambulist and features long", "title": "Sicmonic" }, { "id": "1427685", "text": "Gladys Knight Gladys Maria Knight (born May 28, 1944), known as the \"Empress of Soul\", is an American singer, songwriter, actress, businesswoman, humanitarian and author. A seven-time Grammy Award-winner, Knight is best known for the hits she recorded during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s with her group Gladys Knight & the Pips, which included her brother Merald \"Bubba\" Knight and her cousins Edward Patten and William Guest. Knight has recorded two number-one Billboard Hot 100 singles (\"Midnight Train to Georgia\" and \"That's What Friends Are For\"), eleven number-one R&B singles, and six number-one R&B albums. She has won seven Grammy", "title": "Gladys Knight" }, { "id": "19345959", "text": "for several American pop bands, as well as other recording artists, including the MC5, Parliament-Funkadelic, the Ohio Players, the Detroit Emeralds, the Fantastic Four, Don Rondo, and Larry Santos. He also recorded the vocals for the 1973 Gladys Knight #1 hit single \"Midnight Train To Georgia\". Fields wrote and recorded the 1968 World Series Champion Detroit Tigers theme song \"Go Get Em, Tigers\" (sung by Don Rondo and Mary Lou Simons Zieve). Fields also wrote and recorded the famous Ziebart \"It's Us, Or Rust\" jingle (sung by Don Rondo). Fields died in West Bloomfield, Michigan on October 14, 2009, at", "title": "Artie Fields" }, { "id": "7320715", "text": "include those by indie folk-rock band Hem from their album \"No Word from Tom\" (2006), and by Boz Scaggs from his album \"Memphis\" (2013). Australian band Ross Hanniford Trio recorded a cover of the song on their 1994 album. In 2000, guitarist Eric Essix covered the song on his album \"Southbound\". An electronic-influenced downtempo/chillout version was recorded by Boozoo Bajou and Tony Joe White in 2006. Rod Stewart included the song on his 2009 album \"Soulbook\". Singer Frank Shiner released the song as the first single and video from his 2017 album \"Lonely Town, Lonely Street\". The song is featured", "title": "Rainy Night in Georgia" }, { "id": "4291631", "text": "was awarded a gold disc by the R.I.A.A. in February 1976. Other notable recordings from Ruffin's solo career include \"I Lost Everything I've Ever Loved\" (1969); the gospel-inflected \"I'm So Glad I Fell For You\" (1970); \"Blood Donors Needed (Give All You Can)\" (1973); \"Common Man\" (1973) (which was sampled on the 2001 Jay-Z song \"Never Change\"); \"No Matter Where\" (1974); \"Who I Am\" (1975); \"Statue of a Fool\" (1975); and cover versions of the Jackson Five's \"I Want You Back\", \"Rainy Night in Georgia\" (popularized by Brook Benton) - both recorded for the shelved 1970 album; and Harold Melvin", "title": "David Ruffin" }, { "id": "1466675", "text": "appeared in the music video for Elton John's song, \"I Want Love.\" He released a CD in 2004 called \"The Futurist\", and while promoting his film \"Tropic Thunder\", he and his co-stars Ben Stiller and Jack Black were back-up singers \"The Pips\" to Gladys Knight singing \"Midnight Train to Georgia\". Downey's most commercially successful recording venture to date (combining sales and radio airplay) has been his remake of the 1973 Joni Mitchell Christmas song \"River\", which was included on the \"Ally McBeal\" tie-in album \"Ally McBeal: A Very Ally Christmas\", released in 2000; Downey's character Larry Paul performs the song", "title": "Robert Downey Jr." }, { "id": "1427625", "text": "first hit single version of \"I Heard It Through the Grapevine\" in 1967, which led to several hit singles for Motown's Soul Records label, including \"Nitty Gritty\", \"Friendship Train\", \"If I Were Your Woman\" and \"Neither One of Us (Wants to Be the First to Say Goodbye)\", before leaving the label for Buddah Records in 1973, where they recorded the hits \"Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me\", \"I've Got to Use My Imagination\" and their number-one hit single, \"Midnight Train to Georgia\". Contractual difficulties with their labels forced the group to record side projects until 1980 when they signed", "title": "Gladys Knight & the Pips" }, { "id": "9471127", "text": "fiddler. Shocked, the Faerie Queen concedes that skill alone cannot compare to love and releases the heroine's fiancé. The song references the English myth of the Faerie Queen. It is also similar in plot to The Devil Went Down to Georgia, a song by the Charlie Daniels Band, although in this case the prize for winning the contest is a person rather than an object. The story of a woman freeing her man from the Queen of the Fairies may be a reference to the legend of Tam Lin. Alexander James Adams debuted a companion song, \"He of the Sidhe\",", "title": "Faerie Queen (song)" }, { "id": "5828974", "text": "would leave LA on the midnight plane - which brought the idea of a \"superstar, but he didn't get far.\" Gospel/soul singer Cissy Houston recorded the song as \"Midnite Train to Georgia\" (spelled \"Midnight ...\" on the UK single) released in 1973. Her version can also be found on her albums \"Midnight Train to Georgia: The Janus Years\" (1995), and the reissue of her 1970 debut album, \"Presenting Cissy Houston\" originally released on Janus Records. Weatherly's publisher forwarded the song to Gladys Knight and the Pips, who followed Houston's lead and kept the title \"Midnight Train to Georgia.\" The single", "title": "Midnight Train to Georgia" }, { "id": "711924", "text": "Smith's signature hit \"Once a Day\" together, and other collaborations included Dierks Bentley and Del McCoury (\"Roll On Buddy, Roll On\"), Josh Turner and Lorrie Morgan (\"Golden Ring\"), and Montgomery Gentry and Charlie Daniels Band (\"Devil Went Down To Georgia\"), among others. The show closed with an all-star guitar jam featuring Brad Paisley, Keith Urban, Steve Wariner, Ricky Skaggs, and Marty Stuart. The \"Grand Ole Opry\" is broadcast live on WSM-AM at 7 p.m. CT on Saturday nights, changed from a previous time start of 6:30. A similar program, \"Friday Night Opry\", airs live on Friday nights. From February through", "title": "Grand Ole Opry" }, { "id": "2741276", "text": "Gorgoni (as the duo Just Us), Billy Vera, Ted Daryll and Jerry Ragovoy. Taylor's best-known songs are \"Wild Thing,\" which, though originally recorded in 1965 by Jordan Christopher & The Wild Ones, became famous as both a 1966 hit single for The Troggs and a 1967 live performance by Jimi Hendrix, and \"Angel of the Morning,\" likewise originally recorded by Evie Sands in 1967, but becoming a hit for Merrilee Rush in 1968, and then a million-selling single in 1981 for country-pop singer Juice Newton. Other notable pop and country songs written by Taylor include \"He Sits at Your Table\"", "title": "Chip Taylor" }, { "id": "12737291", "text": "as one piano player will teach the crowd \"sign language\" that accompanies the song, then bringing up an audience member to demonstrate. Video Example of Dueling Pianos, \"The Devil Went Down To Georgia\" Commonly requested songs at a dueling piano bar can include almost any genre, and are generally accompanied by a monetary tip. Examples: Many of the songs requested do not fall into the typical \"piano bar\" category, and many dueling piano players pride themselves on their ability to perform songs that are generally not considered as such, like those from hard rock and rap genres. Dueling piano players", "title": "Dueling pianos" }, { "id": "5828975", "text": "debuted on the Hot 100 at number 71 and became the group's first number-one hit eight weeks later when it jumped from number 5 to number 1 on October 27, 1973, replacing \"Angie\" by the Rolling Stones. It remained in the top position for two weeks. It was replaced by \"Keep On Truckin' (Part 1)\" by Eddie Kendricks. It also reached number one on the soul singles chart, their fifth on that chart. On the UK Singles Chart, it peaked at number ten. In her autobiography, \"Between Each Line of Pain and Glory,\" Gladys Knight wrote that she hoped the", "title": "Midnight Train to Georgia" }, { "id": "1651754", "text": "\"So Long, So Long\" from \"Dusk and Summer\". He also collaborated with Nanci Griffith on \"Going Back to Georgia\" and \"Talk To Me While I'm Listening\" from Griffith's 1994 Album \"Flyer\". Duritz also contributed the songs \"Spin Around,\" \"You Don't See Me,\" and \"You're a Star\" to the \"Josie and the Pussycats\" soundtrack that was performed by the film's fictional title band. Along with bandmates Vickrey, Bryson, and Immerglück, Duritz co-wrote the song \"Accidentally in Love\" for the soundtrack of the movie \"Shrek 2\", winning them each an award from BMI. Duritz was also a judge for the 10th annual", "title": "Adam Duritz" }, { "id": "15630935", "text": "Georgia (Carolyn Dawn Johnson song) \"Georgia\" is a debut song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music singer Carolyn Dawn Johnson. It was released in September 2000 as the lead single from her album \"Room with a View\". The song peaked at number 25 on \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) and number 98 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. It also reached number 4 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart before the magazine ceased publication. The song was written by Johnson and Troy Verges. It features a backing vocal from Martina McBride. The music video", "title": "Georgia (Carolyn Dawn Johnson song)" }, { "id": "1427690", "text": "Ross kicked her off the tour because the audience's reception to Knight's soulful performance overshadowed her. Berry Gordy later told Gladys that she was giving his act a hard time. The act eventually left Motown for a better deal with Buddah Records in 1973, and achieved full-fledged success that year with hits such as the Grammy-winning \"Midnight Train to Georgia\" (#1 on the pop and R&B chart), \"I've Got to Use My Imagination,\" \"The Way We Were/Try To Remember\" and \"Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me\". In the summer of 1974, Knight and the Pips recorded the soundtrack to", "title": "Gladys Knight" }, { "id": "4793669", "text": "fiddle impressively \"hot.\" Out of desperation, the Devil, who as it turns out also plays the fiddle, offers Johnny the wager which involves challenging the young man to a fiddle-playing contest. The Devil offers to give Johnny a golden fiddle if the young man plays better than he does; otherwise, the Devil will gain Johnny's soul. Although Johnny believes taking the Devil's bet might be a sin, he wagers his soul without fear, confidently boasting he is \"the best that's ever been.\" The Devil plays his fiddle first, to a contemporary, rock music theme with the backing of demon musicians.", "title": "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" }, { "id": "15717562", "text": "the Pips later changed the name to \"Midnight Train To Georgia\" and it became a major hit. With Gary Usher, Campbell co-wrote \"Good Ole Rock & Roll Song\" which appears on The Cowsills 1970 LP \"On My Side\". The Cowsills also sang it on Dick Clark's American Bandstand. Campbell also co-wrote all 21 tracks on Usher's posthumously released 2001 album \"Beyond a Shadow of a Doubt\". In the early 1970s Campbell started a film production business, producing films such as \"Glitter Goddess of the Sunset Strip\" starring Angela Bowie and Llana Lloyd. Campbell ran his film production business until the", "title": "Dick Campbell (singer-songwriter)" }, { "id": "20004854", "text": "the U.S. Top 40, peaking at #43 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on January 3, 1976. The single fared much better in Canada, peaking at #13 on the Canadian \"RPM\" charts. As the \"Head On\" album had yet to be released, the B-side of “Down to the Line” is the song “She’s a Devil” from the band’s earlier 1975 album \"Four Wheel Drive\". The original single credits only Randy Bachman as the song's composer. Mark Anthony and Kim Fowley later sued Bachman over the chorus riff of \"Down to the Line\", which is identical to the main riff in the", "title": "Down to the Line (Bachman–Turner Overdrive song)" }, { "id": "16326784", "text": "Devil or Angel \"Devil or Angel\" is a song written by Blanche Carter and originally recorded by the Clovers in 1955. It was re-recorded by John Bailey after he left the Clovers and formed another Clovers group for Lana Records in 1965. The song was recorded by Bobby Vee, with veteran session drummer Earl Palmer among the studio musicians, and reached number 6 in the US charts in 1960. It was Vee's first Top 10 hit. It was later recorded by Johnny Crawford and Jesse Winchester. Neither of those versions charted on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart. The Hollywood", "title": "Devil or Angel" }, { "id": "7320708", "text": "Rainy Night in Georgia \"Rainy Night in Georgia\" is a song written by Tony Joe White in 1967 and popularized by R&B vocalist Brook Benton in 1970. It was originally released by White on his 1969 album, \"Continued\" on Monument Records, shortly before Benton's hit single was issued. In a January 17, 2014 interview with music journalist Ray Shasho, Tony Joe White explained the thought process behind the making of \"Rainy Night in Georgia\" and \"Polk Salad Annie\". When I got out of high school I went to Marietta, Georgia, I had a sister living there. I went down there", "title": "Rainy Night in Georgia" }, { "id": "7320711", "text": "and hit pretty close to the bone, but lasted that long. So it was kind of a guide for me then on through life to always try to write what I know about. In 1969, after several years without a major hit, Benton had signed to a new record label, Cotillion Records (a subsidiary of Atlantic Records) by label A&R chief and producer Jerry Wexler. Benton recorded the song in November 1969 with arranger/producer Arif Mardin. Session personnel on the record included Billy Carter on organ, Dave Crawford on piano, Cornell Dupree and Jimmy O'Rourke on guitar, Harold Cowart on", "title": "Rainy Night in Georgia" }, { "id": "3427850", "text": "was delayed for fifteen days, and was only sold in digital form at the end of June 2012. The promotion was limited to a single appearance on \"El Número Uno\" program. The single entered the list of \"Los 40 Principales\" and spent five weeks on the chart. They began their tour in 2012 reviewing their greatest hits, such as the original versions of \"Devil Came to Me\", \"King George\" and \"Serenade\", in addition to an acoustic version of \"Loli Jackson\". In 2014, Dover announced that, to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of foundation of the band, they would tour and re-release", "title": "Dover (band)" }, { "id": "8628438", "text": "Imagination (Gladys Knight & the Pips album) Imagination is the eleventh studio album recorded by American R&B group Gladys Knight & the Pips, released in October 1973 on the Buddah label. The album, the group's first for Buddah after leaving Motown, includes their first and only \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one hit \"Midnight Train to Georgia\", which also reached number-one on the R&B singles chart. The album also produced other the successful singles, including \"I've Got to Use My Imagination\" and \"Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me\", with both songs peaking at number-one on the R&B singles chart and top", "title": "Imagination (Gladys Knight & the Pips album)" }, { "id": "11168762", "text": "Swear\" only peaked inside the top 20. On March 2, 1974, at the Grammy Awards ceremony, Gladys Knight & The Pips won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group for \"Neither One of Us\". Previously that same night, they had won their first Grammy for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group for \"Midnight Train to Georgia\". Asha Puthli recorded a cover of this song on her 1973 self-titled second solo album for CBS.The version of the song by Australian singer Linda George outsold the original in her home country. Saxophonist David", "title": "Neither One of Us (Wants to Be the First to Say Goodbye)" }, { "id": "7320714", "text": "the same year as Benton, but Motown did not release the album until the 2000s. B.J. Thomas also recorded the song the same year as Benton for his album \"Most of All\". Several reggae covers have been recorded including ones by: Ken Parker, Lord Tanamo, Nicky Thomas, John Holt, and reggae bands The Gladiators and The Congos. In 1967 Prince Buster rewrote the lyrics and recorded a sexually explicit reggae version of this song called \"Big Five\", usually found with certain words bleeped out. Gregory Isaacs did a dancehall style version at the start of the 90s. More recent covers", "title": "Rainy Night in Georgia" }, { "id": "7320712", "text": "bass, Tubby Ziegler on drums, and Toots Thielemans on harmonica. Included on his \"come-back\" album \"Brook Benton Today\", the melancholy song became an instant hit. In the spring of 1970, the song had topped the \"Billboard\" Best Selling Soul Singles chart. It also reached number four on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and number two on the Adult Contemporary chart. In Canada, the song made #2 on the RPM Magazine Hot Singles chart, #2 on the AC Chart, and #58 in the 1970 Year End Chart. The RIAA certified the single gold for sales of one million copies. In 2004, it", "title": "Rainy Night in Georgia" }, { "id": "3686714", "text": "Bill Withers' \"Still Bill\" (1972), and Curtis Mayfield's \"Super Fly\" (1972), also charted well during this period. Neil Bogart created and distributed Brut Records via Buddah Records for the Brut Fabergé company. Bogart left Buddah in 1973 to start Casablanca Records. Soon after Bogart's departure, Gladys Knight & the Pips would emerge as Buddah's biggest success. Previously signed to Motown, Knight and the Pips would release their biggest hits, including \"Midnight Train to Georgia\" and \"You're the Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me\", for Buddah. Jazz session drummer Norman Connors became Buddah's musical director in 1976 and helped to", "title": "Buddah Records" }, { "id": "5844328", "text": "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia \"The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia\" is a Southern Gothic song, written in 1972 by songwriter Bobby Russell and sung by Vicki Lawrence, an American pop music singer, actress, author, and comedienne. Lawrence's version, from her 1973 Bell Records album of the same name, was a number one hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 after its release. In addition to several other renditions, the song was again a hit in 1991 when Reba McEntire recorded it for her album \"For My Broken Heart\". McEntire's version was a single, as well,", "title": "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia" }, { "id": "10900578", "text": "Chesney and Garth Brooks. Gladys Knight and the Pips have recorded twelve other Weatherly compositions, such as \"Neither One of Us (Wants to Be the First to Say Goodbye)\" and \"Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me\". That version of \"Neither One of Us\" became his first number one pop record in \"Cashbox\" and \"Record World\" magazine charts, and became a number one R&B record. It was followed by \"Where Peaceful Waters Flow\",\" Midnight Train to Georgia\" and \"Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me\", which were all pop and R&B hits. Weatherly's catalog includes songs that have been performed", "title": "Jim Weatherly" }, { "id": "10943229", "text": "also, in the late 1930s, by the guitarist Lonnie Johnson. She also recorded under the name Georgia Lawson. Her tracks included \"I'll Keep Sitting on It,\" \"Take Me for a Buggy Ride,\" \"Mama Knows What Papa Wants When Papa's Feeling Blue,\" and \"Hot Nuts.\" Her best-known song was \"You Done Lost Your Good Thing Now\" (1935). White formed an all-female band in the 1940s. She also performed with Bumble Bee Slim. She joined Big Bill Broonzy's Laughing Trio in 1949 as pianist. \"She was very easy to get along with,\" said Broonzy, \"real friendly.\" She was a club singer in", "title": "Georgia White" }, { "id": "16383232", "text": "on the blues festival and college circuits for the next few years. His album \"Born in Georgia\" was released by Black & Blue Records. It was followed by \"Chicken Shack\" (1974), \"Lonesome in My Bedroom\" (1975), and the final album issued in his lifetime, \"Get Down to the Nitty Gritty\" (1976). Johnson died of brain cancer in Boston on March 18, 1976, aged 34. He was interred at the Mount Hope Cemetery, in Mattapan, Massachusetts. Luther \"Snake Boy\" Johnson Luther \"Snake Boy\" Johnson (August 30, 1941 – March 18, 1976) was an American Chicago blues and electric blues guitarist, singer", "title": "Luther \"Snake Boy\" Johnson" }, { "id": "13192952", "text": "Devil Woman \"Devil Woman\" is a 1976 hit single for Cliff Richard from his album \"I'm Nearly Famous\". The song saw a recent resurgence in popularity, being used in the film \"I, Tonya\" (2017), as the theme for the character of LaVona Golden, played by Allison Janney. \"Devil Woman\" was written by Terry Britten and Christine Holmes (singer of the Family Dogg) and also recorded by Holmes under the name \"Kristine\". A No. 9 UK hit in June 1976, \"Devil Woman\" became Richard's first single to reach the Top 20 in the US, reaching No. 6 on the \"Billboard\" Hot", "title": "Devil Woman" }, { "id": "3207190", "text": "Tony Joe White Tony Joe White (July 23, 1943 – October 24, 2018) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his 1969 hit \"Polk Salad Annie\" and for \"Rainy Night in Georgia\", which he wrote but was first made popular by Brook Benton in 1970. He also wrote \"Steamy Windows\" and \"Undercover Agent for the Blues\", both hits for Tina Turner in 1989; those two songs came by way of Turner's producer at the time, Mark Knopfler, who was a friend of White. \"Polk Salad Annie\" was also recorded by Elvis Presley and Tom Jones. Tony Joe White", "title": "Tony Joe White" }, { "id": "10900577", "text": "Jim Weatherly James Dexter Weatherly (born March 17, 1943) is an American singer-songwriter. Weatherly played quarterback at the University of Mississippi before choosing songwriting over a football career. Weatherly has been writing songs for almost 50 years, and was inducted to the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2014. His best-known song is \"Midnight Train to Georgia\", recorded by Gladys Knight & the Pips. Ray Price has recorded 38 of Weatherly's songs. Bob Luman had a top five record with \"Neither One of Us\". Other artists who have recorded Weatherly's songs include: Glen Campbell, Kenny Rogers, Asha Puthli, Neil Diamond, Kenny", "title": "Jim Weatherly" }, { "id": "6136350", "text": "the first of five singles from Shenandoah's third album, \"Extra Mile\". \"Ghost in This House,\" \"I Got You\" (co-written by Teddy Gentry of the band Alabama) and \"The Moon Over Georgia\" all peaked in the \"Billboard\" top ten between late 1990 and mid-1991, with the latter two reaching number one on \"Gavin Report\"; \"When You Were Mine,\" the fifth single, stopped at number 38 on \"Billboard\" in 1991. Also that year, the band won the Academy of Country Music's Vocal Group of the Year award. Alanna Nash of \"Entertainment Weekly\" gave \"Extra Mile\" a B rating, saying that it was", "title": "Shenandoah (band)" } ]	who sang the original devil went down to georgia
[ "January 8, 2018" ]	[ { "id": "20601666", "text": "6 seconds remaining to defeat Clemson by a final score of 43-42. The win brought Clemson its first (and ultimately, only) loss of the season, as the Tigers went on to win the College Football Playoff National Championship. 2018 ACC Championship Game The 2018 ACC Championship Game was played on December 1, 2018. It was the 14th annual ACC Football Conference Championship Game to determine the 2018 champion of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The game was held at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina. Clemson emerged victorious and became the 2018 ACC champions, beating Pitt 42–10. The 2018", "title": "2018 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "19260237", "text": "but immediately followed that with a game-winning 41-yard touchdown pass to DeVonta Smith, in a play that has since been called \"2nd and 26\" by fans. Tagovailoa was named the offensive player of the game, and Daron Payne was named the defensive player of the game. The game was televised nationally by ESPN. On January 8, 2018, the network announced that its broadcast would feature a live performance by Kendrick Lamar during halftime. This performance was separate from the event proper at Mercedes-Benz Stadium (which featured a traditional halftime show with the marching bands of the participating teams), and originated", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "17257518", "text": "games cannot host the championship game in the same year, Pasadena and New Orleans were not eligible for the 2018 game; South Florida and Arlington could not host in 2019; and Glendale and Atlanta were excluded from 2020 consideration. The same exclusions rotate every three years through 2026. Note: Conference affiliations are contemporaneous with the game, which may differ from the current alignment. College Football Playoff National Championship The College Football Playoff National Championship is a post-season college football bowl game, used to determine a national champion of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), which began play in", "title": "College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "19260229", "text": "advanced to the national championship after winning the semifinal games hosted by the Sugar Bowl and Rose Bowl Game respectively in January 2018. The championship game was played at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia on January 8, 2018. The Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia was announced as the host site for the fourth College Football National Championship on November 4, 2015. The College Football Playoff (CFP) selection committee selected four teams to advance to the playoff: the Clemson Tigers, Oklahoma Sooners, Georgia Bulldogs, and Alabama Crimson Tide. The Alabama Crimson Tide defeated the Clemson Tigers in the 2018 Sugar Bowl", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "20110834", "text": "180 countries. In Canada, the game aired on TSN. Radio coverage in the United States was provided by Westwood One. 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game was the final game of the single-elimination tournament to determine the men's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college basketball national champion for the 2017–18 season. The game was played on April 2, 2018, at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas, between the Michigan Wolverines and the Villanova Wildcats. Michigan last won the NCAA championship in 1989, while Villanova won the championship", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "20121907", "text": "won the game 42–35, and went on to win the 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship. The championship game had been hosted in Charlotte, North Carolina from 2010 to 2015, and had been slated to host through at least 2019. However, in response to North Carolina's Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act (HB2), the ACC voted in September 2016 to move the 2016 championship out of North Carolina. Camping World Stadium in Orlando, Florida was chosen as a replacement site for the 2016 game. ACC Commissioner John Swofford delayed the decision on where to hold the 2017 football Championship Game", "title": "2017 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "18876620", "text": "American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game The American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game is a college football game currently held by the American Athletic Conference (The American) each year to determine the conference's season champion. The inaugural game was held on December 5, 2015, at 12:00 pm ET. The game will pit the champion of the Eastern Division (UCF, Cincinnati, Connecticut, East Carolina, South Florida, and Temple) against the champion of the Western Division (Houston, Memphis, Navy, SMU, Tulane, and Tulsa). The game will be played at the home stadium of the division winner with the better conference record. Television", "title": "American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "7155263", "text": "coverage in 2017: CBS Sports Network is also available in Canada (the only cable sports service from the U.S. to be carried in the country), as are most U.S. broadcast networks. National semifinals and final managed by U Sports Some games are traditionally played on a specific date (often a holiday), and are nationally-televised every single year. These include: The Bowl Championship Series, which operated from 1998 through the 2013 season, was driven from the start by television revenue. In 2007, the Fox Broadcasting Company started broadcasting all the BCS games with the exception of the Rose Bowl. ABC previously", "title": "College football on television" }, { "id": "7349752", "text": "College Football Final College Football Final is a one-hour program totally devoted to college football and airs every Saturday night during the college football season. It was previously named \"College Gameday Final\" until 2006. It is seen at 12am ET on ESPN and lasts until 1am ET (or later if a game runs over) and the program re-airs early the next morning on ESPNU and ESPN2. It is similar to ESPN's \"Baseball Tonight\", \"NBA Fastbreak\", \"NFL Live\", and \"College GameNight\", except that it only appears once a week. The program breaks down the days' games with highlights of all the", "title": "College Football Final" }, { "id": "20110827", "text": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game was the final game of the single-elimination tournament to determine the men's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college basketball national champion for the 2017–18 season. The game was played on April 2, 2018, at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas, between the Michigan Wolverines and the Villanova Wildcats. Michigan last won the NCAA championship in 1989, while Villanova won the championship in 2016. Villanova defeated Michigan, 79–62. Donte DiVincenzo, a reserve player, scored 31 points for Villanova, and was named the", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "9094959", "text": "at around $470 million per-year, giving it continued rights to the Peach Bowl and Fiesta Bowl, as well as the Cotton Bowl Classic and the College Football Playoff National Championship. ESPN airs \"Spring Football\" games and coverage. Coverage includes \"College Football Final\" which wraps the annual Spring Games. During the regular season, ESPN airs pre-selected Thursday night marquee matchups. ESPN2 airs pre-selected Friday night contests from lesser known Division I schools. In late October and November, games almost exclusively from the Mid-American Conference air on Tuesdays or Wednesdays, usually on ESPN2. The weekend games with the exception of the regular", "title": "ESPN College Football" }, { "id": "17091114", "text": "they will now be scheduled primarily on the last Saturday or federally observed holiday of the year. In some years, this date will land on New Year's Eve. In 2021, the games will be played on Friday, December 31, because the day will be observed as a holiday. College Football Playoff The College Football Playoff (CFP) is an annual postseason knockout tournament to determine a national champion of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), the highest level of college football competition in the United States. The inaugural tournament was held at the end of the 2014 NCAA Division", "title": "College Football Playoff" }, { "id": "2753177", "text": "Four\" round. The Final Four is usually played during the first weekend of April. These four teams, one from each region (East, South, Midwest, and West), compete in a preselected location for the national championship. The tournament has been at least partially televised since 1969. Currently, the games are broadcast by CBS, TBS, TNT, and truTV under the trade-name \"NCAA March Madness\". Since 2011, all games are available for viewing nationwide and internationally. As television coverage has grown, so too has the tournament's popularity. Currently, millions of Americans fill out a bracket, attempting to correctly predict the outcome of 63", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "9166589", "text": "ACC Championship Game The ACC Championship Game (officially the Dr Pepper ACC Football Championship Game) is an American college football game held on the first Saturday in December by the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) each year to determine its football champion. The game pits the champion of the Coastal Division against the champion of the Atlantic Division in a game that follows the conclusion of the regular season. The game's corporate sponsor is Dr Pepper. The current champions are the Clemson Tigers of the Atlantic Division. The Atlantic Division has been represented by either Clemson or Florida State in eleven", "title": "ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "17091077", "text": "the playoff, the final CFP rankings are used to help determine the participants for the other four New Year's Six bowls that are not hosting the semifinals that year. The semifinal games, which take place on the same day, are usually scheduled on Friday, Saturday, or Monday close to or on New Years Day, with flexibility allowed to ensure that they are not in conflict with other bowl games traditionally held on New Year's Day. The National Championship game is then played on the first Monday that is six or more days after the semifinals. The venue of the championship", "title": "College Football Playoff" }, { "id": "12711569", "text": "airing the entire regional finals through the national championship, with CBS and Turner splitting coverage of earlier rounds in the now 68-team field. After 2015, the regional finals, Final Four and national championship will alternate between CBS and TBS. CBS receives the same number of \"windows,\" or time slots, for its tournament coverage as in previous years. However, all games will now be nationally – rather than regionally – televised. Both games from a particular section and site are shown back-to-back on the same network each day, except for the second session on March 20, 2011, which was split between", "title": "College Basketball on CBS" }, { "id": "20113426", "text": "2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season The 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season is the 150th season of college football competition in the United States at the highest level organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The regular season began on August 25, 2018 and ended on December 8, 2018. The postseason began on December 15, 2018 and will conclude on January 7, 2019 with the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California. The following rule changes were approved by the NCAA Playing Rules Oversight Panel for the 2018 season: Major", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season" }, { "id": "9094963", "text": "NFL season begins, and so these windows are filled with NBC's Sunday Night Football and ESPN's Monday Night Football, respectively. \"Championship Weekend\" always features the MAC Championship Game and will feature the Pac-12 Championship game every other year beginning in 2013. Previously it has featured the WAC Championship Game, the C-USA Championship Game, and the Big 12 Championship game before they changed affiliates or dropped below the minimum 12 teams required for a football championship. The ESPN family of networks air the Division I FCS conference playoffs as well as the Division II and III championship games. ESPN and ESPN2", "title": "ESPN College Football" }, { "id": "7155240", "text": "Championship game. The network also broadcasts the annual Army–Navy Game, the Navy–Notre Dame game in even-numbered years (where Navy is the home team and chooses to play in a larger stadium), the Air Force Academy's games vs. Army and Navy, and the Sun Bowl on New Year's Eve. CBS has broadcast the Sun Bowl (currently one of the few bowls not on an ESPN network) every year since 1968. From 1958 to 1992, CBS broadcast the Cotton Bowl annually. CBS aired the Fiesta Bowl from 1975 to 1977 and again after the 1995, 1996 and 1997 seasons, and also broadcast", "title": "College football on television" }, { "id": "7349754", "text": "the \"College GameDay\" gang all the time; Holtz later replaced him. College Football Final College Football Final is a one-hour program totally devoted to college football and airs every Saturday night during the college football season. It was previously named \"College Gameday Final\" until 2006. It is seen at 12am ET on ESPN and lasts until 1am ET (or later if a game runs over) and the program re-airs early the next morning on ESPNU and ESPN2. It is similar to ESPN's \"Baseball Tonight\", \"NBA Fastbreak\", \"NFL Live\", and \"College GameNight\", except that it only appears once a week. The", "title": "College Football Final" }, { "id": "20113436", "text": "coaching changes announced during the season that did not take effect until the end of the season. 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season The 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season is the 150th season of college football competition in the United States at the highest level organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The regular season began on August 25, 2018 and ended on December 8, 2018. The postseason began on December 15, 2018 and will conclude on January 7, 2019 with the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California. The", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season" }, { "id": "17091074", "text": "College Football Playoff The College Football Playoff (CFP) is an annual postseason knockout tournament to determine a national champion of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), the highest level of college football competition in the United States. The inaugural tournament was held at the end of the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Four teams play in two semifinal games, and the winner of each semifinal advances to the College Football Playoff National Championship game. The College Football Playoff is not an officially sanctioned championship event by the NCAA, the sport's governing body. The NCAA has never", "title": "College Football Playoff" }, { "id": "20601663", "text": "2018 ACC Championship Game The 2018 ACC Championship Game was played on December 1, 2018. It was the 14th annual ACC Football Conference Championship Game to determine the 2018 champion of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The game was held at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina. Clemson emerged victorious and became the 2018 ACC champions, beating Pitt 42–10. The 2018 Championship Game was the 14th in the Atlantic Coast Conference's 66-year history. Last season, the ACC Championship Game featured the Clemson Tigers, champions of the Atlantic Division, and the Miami Hurricanes, champions of the Coastal Division. Clemson won", "title": "2018 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "17091095", "text": "title game in the same year. The 2018 Championship Game featured SEC teams Alabama and Georgia. The SEC has a record of 5–2 () in games against other conferences. The television broadcast rights to all six CFP bowls and the National Championship are owned by ESPN through at least the 2025 season. ESPN then reached 12-year agreements to retain rights to the Rose Bowl, Orange Bowl, and Sugar Bowl following the dissolution of the Bowl Championship Series. In November, ESPN reached a 12-year deal to broadcast the remaining three bowls, the championship game, as well as shoulder programming such as", "title": "College Football Playoff" }, { "id": "34727", "text": "late September or early October (series that debut outside the fall season are usually known as mid-season replacements). A sweeps period takes place in November to measure Nielsen Ratings. American football is played almost exclusively in the autumn months; at the high school level, seasons run from late August through early November, with some playoff games and holiday rivalry contests being played as late as Thanksgiving. In many American states, the championship games take place in early December. College football's regular season runs from September through November, while the main professional circuit, the National Football League, plays from September through", "title": "Autumn" }, { "id": "15328729", "text": "bi-yearly rights to the inaugural Pac-12 Football Championship Game, alternating with ESPN. Beginning with the 2012 season, Fox added regular season games on Saturdays to its lineup; it broadcast eight afternoon games and twelve nighttime games throughout the season, with the latter telecasts airing as part of a new strategy by the network to carry more sports programming on Saturday nights during prime time. FS1 replaced FX's coverage upon its launch in August 2013, though some overflow coverage has aired on FX occasionally when warranted; since 2017, overflow coverage has been carried on Fox Business Network, which usually carries paid", "title": "Fox College Football" }, { "id": "19876806", "text": "2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season The 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season was the highest level of college football competition in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The regular season began on August 26, 2017 and ended on December 9, 2017. The Alabama Crimson Tide and Georgia Bulldogs played in the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship. Alabama defeated Georgia in overtime by a score of 26–23 on a game-winning touchdown pass from Tua Tagovailoa to Devonta Smith. Alabama claimed its 17th national title in school history, the most of any current", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season" }, { "id": "9166606", "text": "is not eligible for the championship game. Atlantic Division Coastal Division List of NCAA Division I FBS conference championship games ACC Championship Game The ACC Championship Game (officially the Dr Pepper ACC Football Championship Game) is an American college football game held on the first Saturday in December by the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) each year to determine its football champion. The game pits the champion of the Coastal Division against the champion of the Atlantic Division in a game that follows the conclusion of the regular season. The game's corporate sponsor is Dr Pepper. The current champions are the", "title": "ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "14882329", "text": "zone (football) or with runners on base (baseball/softball). During college football season, Goal Line operates from 3:00 p.m. ET to approximately 11:30 p.m. on Saturdays during the regular season, and may also be used as part of \"Megacast\" coverage of major games as an alternate feed. Bases Loaded operates during the early round of the NCAA baseball championship. At its launch, the channel was made available to customers of Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks systems, and became available soon after to customers of Verizon FiOS TV . In addition, the channel is also carried on Dish Network, Comcast,", "title": "ESPN Goal Line & Bases Loaded" }, { "id": "2438243", "text": "(1986–2013), and Kansas City, Kansas (2014–2017). The 2018 game will be played at the McKinney ISD Stadium and Community Event Center in McKinney, Texas. Since 1994, the games have been broadcast on ESPN. Prior to 1973, for what was then called the \"NCAA College Division,\" champions were selected by polls conducted at the end of each regular season by two major wire services; in some years the two polls named different number one teams. Polls were conducted by the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI) at the end of each regular season. The AP would poll a panel", "title": "NCAA Division II Football Championship" }, { "id": "12157339", "text": "the regional telecasts on Saturdays, typically in the Northeast, before the game featuring the Big East or Atlantic 10 conferences, it was the \"ECAC Game of the Week\". For NBC's first year of tournament coverage in 1969, the network aired the consolation game nationally and the national semifinals on a regional basis (which were held on a Thursday night). 1972 marked the final year that NBC aired the consolation game. The following year marked the first time that the \"Final Four\" was held on a Saturday, and was the first prime time championship game to air on NBC. By 1974,", "title": "College Basketball on NBC" }, { "id": "11924303", "text": "top two teams at the end of the regular season (as determined by internal rankings, or aggregates of the major polls and other statistics) to compete in what is intended to be the \"de facto\" national championship game. The current iteration of this practice, the College Football Playoff, selects four teams to participate in national semi-finals hosted by two of six partner bowl games, with their winners advancing to the College Football Playoff National Championship. The concept of a national championship in college football dates to the early years of the sport in the late 19th century, and the earliest", "title": "College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS" }, { "id": "19260242", "text": "the fifth College Football Playoff National Championship on November 4, 2015. The College Football Playoff selection committee will select four teams to advance to the playoff. The bowl selection show took place on Sunday, December 2nd. TBD The game will be televised nationally by ESPN. As in 2018, the network is also promoting an off-site concert that will be televised at halftime during ESPN's broadcast, featuring rock band Imagine Dragons on Treasure Island. 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship The 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship is a college football bowl game that will determine a national champion in the", "title": "2019 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "20601664", "text": "the game 38-3 and went on to the 2017 College Football Playoff. The Clemson Tigers finished the season with a 12–0 undefeated record. This is the Tigers' fourth straight appearance in the championship game. They have won the previous three championship games. During the season, they defeated Georgia Tech, Syracuse, Wake Forest, NC State, Florida State, Louisville, Boston College and Duke in conference play. Their season was also highlighted by 2 wins over SEC teams (Texas A&M and South Carolina). The Tigers come into the game ranked #2 in both the AP and Coaches poll. The Pittsburgh Panthers finished the", "title": "2018 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "15431920", "text": "incidentally, jointly owns The CW with the CBS television network's corporate parent CBS Corporation). The new contract came amid serious consideration by the NCAA of expanding the tournament to 68 teams. The agreement, which runs through 2032 (extended from 2024 in 2016), stipulates that all games are available nationally. All First Four games air on truTV. During the first and second rounds, a featured game in each time \"window\" is broadcast terrestrially on CBS, while all other games are shown on TBS, TNT or TruTV. Sweet 16 (regional semifinal) and Elite 8 (regional finals) games are split among CBS and", "title": "NCAA March Madness (TV program)" }, { "id": "20244370", "text": "2018 Rose Bowl The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection committee. Georgia and Oklahoma competed for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game, to be played on January 8, 2018 at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won the game with a 27-yard run", "title": "2018 Rose Bowl" }, { "id": "6482252", "text": "digital-only outlets. The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament and national championship games in college football have also largely moved to cable (since 2016, the semi-finals of the former only air on broadcast television in odd-numbered years). Pay-per-view National General Sports Networks: Spanish: Specialty Sports Networks: College Sports Networks: Regional sports networks: Several sports teams in the United States have their own channels, or own shares in other sports networks. For example, the Boston Red Sox and Boston Bruins own New England Sports Network, which retains the New England area television broadcast rights for the majority of Red Sox games", "title": "Broadcasting of sports events" }, { "id": "13119446", "text": "Championship Week Championship Week (re-titled as Champ Week from 2016 onward) is ESPN's annual college basketball showcase of conference tournament games in the United States, which decide NCAA bids in early-to-mid-March. It typically lasts a little under 2 weeks, before basketball post-season play begins. The minor and mid-major conferences typically begin Championship Week and it ends on Selection Sunday with the brackets being unveiled. Over the years, more games have been added with the expansion of ESPN's numerous multicast channels. Coverage of the NCAA conference tournaments is no longer mostly limited to ESPN, since the proliferation of competing sports networks", "title": "Championship Week" }, { "id": "7155213", "text": "College football on television College football on television includes the broad- and cablecasting of college football games, as well as pre- and post-game reports, analysis, and human-interest stories. Within the United States, the college version of American football annually garners high television ratings. College football games have been broadcast since 1939, beginning with the 1939 Waynesburg vs. Fordham football game on September 30 in New York City. College football telecasts were historically very restricted due to there being only three major television networks and also because the NCAA controlled all television rights and limited the number of games that aired", "title": "College football on television" }, { "id": "2108349", "text": "2017. Also, in 2024, NRG Stadium will be one of the Host sites to host the College Football Playoff National Championship Game, along with Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens in 2021, Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis in 2022, and the Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood in 2023. NRG Stadium also hosts international soccer matches. The games are generally held in the spring and summer before the NFL season starts. The stadium hosted CONCACAF Gold Cup matches from 2005 to 2011. The Gold Cup matches in 2007 included Round 1 matches, and a quarterfinal doubleheader match. The", "title": "NRG Stadium" }, { "id": "7155265", "text": "vice versa. Specific citations: General references: College football on television College football on television includes the broad- and cablecasting of college football games, as well as pre- and post-game reports, analysis, and human-interest stories. Within the United States, the college version of American football annually garners high television ratings. College football games have been broadcast since 1939, beginning with the 1939 Waynesburg vs. Fordham football game on September 30 in New York City. College football telecasts were historically very restricted due to there being only three major television networks and also because the NCAA controlled all television rights and limited", "title": "College football on television" }, { "id": "15456407", "text": "National Championship Game, beginning an alternating agreement with CBS through 2024. In even-numbered years, TBS now broadcasts the final three games, and in odd-numbered years, CBS televises the games. In 1981, WTBS acquired the television rights to broadcast college football games under a special \"supplemental\" television contract with the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) beginning with the 1981 season, limited to games which had already not been distributed for national broadcast by other networks. Beginning with the 1982 season, under a $17.6-million deal reached between the NCAA and Turner on January 27 of that year, consisting of live Division I-AA", "title": "TBS (U.S. TV channel)" }, { "id": "7155241", "text": "the Orange Bowl from 1996 to 1998. Although its regional networks also air games, until 2012, Fox did not air any regular season college football games. It did, however, air the Bowl Championship Series from 2006 to 2009 (excluding any event held at the Rose Bowl, whose rights were held by ABC) and aired the Cotton Bowl Classic from 1999 to 2015. In 2011, it began airing the Big Ten Football Championship Game (in conjunction with its operations of Big Ten Network), and the Pac-12 Championship Game (alternating with ESPN). In 2012, Fox began airing regular season college football games", "title": "College football on television" }, { "id": "15431918", "text": "the early rounds up to the Sweet Sixteen. Starting in 2016, the regional finals, Final Four and national championship game began to alternate between CBS and TBS. TBS holds the rights to the final two rounds in even numbered years, with CBS getting the games in odd numbered years. This joint tournament coverage should be distinguished from CBS's regular-season coverage, which it produces independently through its sports division. Turner does not currently cover regular-season college basketball games. Games broadcast on all four networks use a variation of the longtime \"CBS College Basketball\" theme music. On April 22, 2010, the National", "title": "NCAA March Madness (TV program)" }, { "id": "10611954", "text": "on CBS on Saturday afternoon. In 2003, the tournament was shifted entirely to cable on ESPN, which had begun covering all of the other games of the CWS since 1982 (and a partial schedule since 1980). The championship final became a best-of-three series between the two bracket winners, with games scheduled for Saturday, Sunday, and Monday evenings. In 2015, college baseball returned to CBS Sports in the form of a multi-year agreement between the American Athletic Conference and CBS Sports Network. Under the terms of the package, CBS Sports Network would air three Houston Baseball games in 2015, as well", "title": "College World Series on CBS" }, { "id": "8046038", "text": "Jeopardy! College Championship The \"Jeopardy!\" College Championship is one of the traditional tournaments held each season on the TV quiz show \"Jeopardy!\" Contestants in this tournament are full-time undergraduate college students with no prior degrees and traditionally wear a sweater bearing the name of their college or university during their appearances. The existence of this tournament does not disqualify college students from auditioning for the regular shows, but tournament participants cannot later compete in regular play. The tournament began during the 1988-89 season (Season 5) and has been played every season (except for season 31), always during any one of", "title": "Jeopardy! College Championship" }, { "id": "8697853", "text": "would return on SEC Network. The Command Center aired on ESPN2, which would also air the start of the Sugar Bowl due to the Rose Bowl going into double overtime. DataCenter will be on ESPN Goal Line while the SkyCam and All-22 telecasts will be on ESPN3. Various hometown audio options, with local radio calls, will be on ESPN Radio. ESPNU will not be participating in these Megacast's due to college basketball commitments.All of the above options were offered for the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship, with ESPN2 hosting the \"Homer Telecast\" with Landon Collins replacing Barrett Jones as", "title": "ESPN Megacast" }, { "id": "17257513", "text": "National Championship are determined by two semi-final bowls—hosted by two of the consortium's six member bowls yearly—and the top two teams as determined by the selection committee do not automatically advance to the game in lieu of other bowls. This has caused a unique side effect in that, since the inception of the playoff, no #1 or #3 seed has won the National Championship. The game is played at a neutral site, determined through bids by prospective host cities (similar to the Super Bowl and NCAA Final Four). When announcing it was soliciting bids for the 2016 and 2017 title", "title": "College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "810424", "text": "to the conference championships, and the winners of those conference championship games then face each other in the Super Bowl. The College Football Playoff National Championship is a post-season college football bowl game, used to determine a national champion of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), which began play in the 2014 college football season. The game serves as the final of the College Football Playoff, a bracket tournament between the top four teams in the country as determined by a selection committee, which was established as a successor to the Bowl Championship Series and its similar BCS", "title": "Playoffs" }, { "id": "18449421", "text": "\"Megacast\" coverage of the game, which supplemented coverage with analysis and additional perspectives of the game on different ESPN channels and platforms. A 30-second commercial cost up to $1 million to air. The game had a total of 26.03 million viewers, and earned a 15.3 overnight Nielsen rating, a 4% increase from the 2016 championship game. ESPN reported that the game set records in online streaming with a 710,000 average audience, 2.41 million unique viewers, and 182.5 million overall minutes watched. However, according to \"USA Today\" \"the combined overnight rating fell well short of the record for a College Football", "title": "2017 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "84653", "text": "College Football Playoff replaced the Bowl Championship Series, which had been used as the selection method to determine the national championship game participants since in the 1998 season. At the Division I FCS level, the teams participate in a 24-team playoff (most recently expanded from 20 teams in 2013) to determine the national championship. Under the current playoff structure, the top eight teams are all seeded, and receive a bye week in the first round. The highest seed receives automatic home field advantage. Starting in 2013, non-seeded teams can only host a playoff game if both teams involved are unseeded;", "title": "College football" }, { "id": "13145776", "text": "part of a postseason tournament. Previously the John McLendon Classic was played during the regular season. Teams must pay $30,000 to host a game. In 2013, CBS Sports Network partnered with the CIT, showing only the championship game, with the earlier rounds streamed live online. Free registration is required to view the games. Starting in 2014, CBSSN aired the semifinals and the championship game. In 2017 the early rounds of the tournament were shown on Facebook Live. In 2018 Monday's 4 classics were announced for CBSSN. All remaining games until the semifinals were moved to CBS' Sports Live streaming service", "title": "CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament" }, { "id": "19260228", "text": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship The 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship was a college football bowl game that determined a national champion in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision for the 2017 season. The Alabama Crimson Tide defeated the Georgia Bulldogs 26–23, coming back from a 13–0 deficit at halftime to secure the win in overtime. True freshman quarterback Tua Tagovailoa and defensive tackle Daron Payne were respectively named the offensive and defensive players of the game. The College Football Playoff selection committee chose the semifinalists following the conclusion of the 2017 regular season. Alabama and Georgia", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "11774628", "text": "Big East Conference games in virtual reality. \"By home team\" In 1974, Brent Musburger started using the term March Madness when describing the tournament. In 1991, CBS received exclusive rights to the entire tournament for the first time. Previously, ESPN had aired early round games. Beginning in 2011, CBS shared the early tournament rounds with TBS, TNT, and TruTV. The Final Four will alternate between CBS and TBS starting in 2016. The ESPN family of networks currently air the NIT games. AXS TV carries select games from the CBI. CBS Sports Network has broadcast the semifinal round and championship game", "title": "Men's college basketball on television" }, { "id": "17837699", "text": "Nick Saban's fifth overall. The game was broadcast in the United States by ESPN, ESPN Deportes, and ESPN Radio, with Chris Fowler and Kirk Herbstreit as English commentators on TV, and Eduardo Varela and Pablo Viruega as Spanish commentators. In Brazil, the game was broadcast on ESPN Brazil by Everaldo Marques (play by play) and Antony Curti (color commentator). As in 2015, ESPN provided \"Megacast\" coverage of the game, which supplemented coverage with analysis and additional perspectives of the game on different ESPN channels and platforms. An average of 23.6 million viewers watched the game, representing a 29% decrease over", "title": "2016 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "2438242", "text": "NCAA Division II Football Championship The NCAA Division II Football Championship is an American college football tournament played annually to determine a champion at the NCAA Division II level. It was first held in 1973, as a single-elimination tournament with eight teams. The tournament field has subsequently been expanded three times; in 1988 it became 16 teams, in 2004 it became 24 teams, and in 2016 it became 28 teams. The National Championship game has been held in seven different cities; Sacramento, California (1973–1975), Wichita Falls, Texas (1976–1977), Longview, Texas (1978), Albuquerque, New Mexico (1979–1980), McAllen, Texas (1981–1985), Florence, Alabama", "title": "NCAA Division II Football Championship" }, { "id": "17257517", "text": "2016 game and Tampa, Florida (Raymond James Stadium) was selected to host the 2017 game. Four cities had submitted bids for the 2016 game: Glendale, Jacksonville (EverBank Field), New Orleans (Mercedes-Benz Superdome), and Tampa. Six metropolitan areas had been vying for the 2017 game: Tampa, the San Francisco Bay Area (Levi's Stadium), Minneapolis (U.S. Bank Stadium), San Antonio (Alamodome), South Florida (Hard Rock Stadium), and Jacksonville. The hosts for the 2019 and 2020 games were announced on November 4, 2015. The hosts for the 2021 through 2024 games were announced November 1, 2017. Since cities hosting College Football Playoff semifinal", "title": "College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "19814151", "text": "KOZN, in association with Westwood One. It will once again be streamed at westwoodonesports.com, on TuneIn, and on SiriusXM. Kevin Kugler and John Bishop are contracted to call all games leading up to the Championship Series with Gary Sharp acting as the field reporter. The Championship Series will be called by Kugler and Scott Graham with Bishop acting as field reporter. ESPN carried every game from the Regionals, Super Regionals, and College World Series across its networks. During the Regionals and Super Regionals ESPN will once again offer a dedicated channel, ESPN Bases Loaded (carried in the same channel allotments", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament" }, { "id": "20604611", "text": "2018 NCAA Division III Men's Basketball Tournament The 2018 NCAA Division III Men's Basketball Tournament was the 44th annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division III college basketball in the United States. Featuring sixty-four teams, it began on March 2, 2018, following the 2017–18 season, and concluded with the championship game on March 17, 2018. Once again, the national semifinal and championship rounds were held at the Salem Civic Center in Salem, Virginia. Nebraska Wesleyan defeated Wisconsin–Oshkosh in the final, 78–72, to win their first national title. Cooper Cook was voted the MVP. The following", "title": "2018 NCAA Division III Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "20010112", "text": "in the same season. The match was televised on live on ESPN2. The NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament, sometimes known as the College Cup, is an American intercollegiate soccer tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I men's national champion. The tournament has been formally held since 1959, when it was an eight-team tournament. Since then, the tournament has expanded to 48 teams, in which every Division I conference tournament champion is allocated a berth. It was Indiana's first appearance since 2012, which they won. Stanford entered the final as the two-defending champion,", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship Game" }, { "id": "9094961", "text": "Football Playoff bowl games including all bowl and national championship games. ESPNU usually airs 5 games per week. ESPN Classic airs selected games throughout the year. ESPN's Saturdays during the regular season begin at 9:00 AM ET with College GameDay, a three-hour live show that previews the day's games. This counts down to the first set of games for the day, which begin at noon ET on ABC, ESPN, and ESPN2. Another set of games will begin across those three networks around 3:30 PM. At the conclusion of the second game, ABC stations will take a break for local news", "title": "ESPN College Football" }, { "id": "9050278", "text": "Bears, in which Oregon won. The stadium is the home of the Redbox Bowl and since 2014 has served as the host for the Pac-12 Championship Game. In November 2015, it was announced that Levi's Stadium would host the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship, making it the first time the game will be played there. Levi's Stadium Levi's Stadium is a football stadium located in Santa Clara, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It has served as the home venue for the National Football League (NFL)'s San Francisco 49ers since 2014. The stadium is located approximately south of", "title": "Levi's Stadium" }, { "id": "11462812", "text": "television partnership with ESPN to broadcast the Championship Series of the CBI. In the inaugural year, games were available in local markets on Fox Sports Net and DirecTV. The games could also be viewed on the official website. The 2009 tournament broadcast was changed to HDNet with four first-round games, two quarterfinal games, both semifinal games, and all three championship games being broadcast. HDNet changed its name to AXS and aired the 2013 tournament. CBS Sports Network televised the 2014 and 2015 tournaments. ESPNU has televised the best-of-three Championship Series since 2016. The following is an overview and list of", "title": "College Basketball Invitational" }, { "id": "9166591", "text": "consecutive years and are 10–4 in the game overall. The Coastal teams won for four consecutive years from 2007 to 2010 but have not won since. The ACC Championship Game is held at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina each year, after being held in Florida (Jacksonville and Tampa) for its first five years. It is to remain a permanent fixture in Charlotte through at least 2030. Before the 2004 college football season, the Atlantic Coast Conference determined its champion via round-robin play during the course of the regular season and there was no conference championship game. In", "title": "ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "12157337", "text": "College Basketball on NBC College Basketball on NBC is the branding used for broadcasts of NCAA Division I men's college basketball games formerly produced by NBC Sports, the sports division of the NBC television network in the United States. The network broadcast college basketball games in some shape or form between 1969 and 1998. From 1969 to 1981, NBC covered the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. It became the first major network to broadcast the championship game, at a cost of more than US$500,000 in 1969. NBC's relationship with college basketball dates as far back as February 28, 1940,", "title": "College Basketball on NBC" }, { "id": "16769187", "text": "football game played on the opening weekend of the NCAA Division I FBS season in Atlanta. The event coincides with Labor Day weekend in the United States. From its inception in 2008 until 2016, the game was held in the Georgia Dome. The Georgia Dome's replacement, Mercedes-Benz Stadium, hosts the game starting in 2017. On September 8, 2015, it was announced that the SEC Championship Game would be held at the stadium beginning in 2017 and remain there until 2027. The SEC Championship Game dates back to 1992 and is the oldest conference championship game in college football. In 2017,", "title": "Mercedes-Benz Stadium" }, { "id": "20527089", "text": "Championship since 2005, defeating Auburn 28–7. Georgia was selected to play in the College Football Playoff for the first time in school history as the #3 seed to face the #2 seed Oklahoma in the Rose Bowl. In an instant classic, Georgia roared back from a 14 point halftime deficit to defeat Oklahoma 54–48 in 2 overtimes earning their first National Championship game appearance. In the National Championship, Georgia was defeated by Alabama 26–23 in overtime. Georgia finished the season 13–2. The SEC media poll was released on July 20, 2018, with the Bulldogs predicted to win the SEC East", "title": "2018 Georgia Bulldogs football team" }, { "id": "17257512", "text": "College Football Playoff National Championship The College Football Playoff National Championship is a post-season college football bowl game, used to determine a national champion of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), which began play in the 2014 college football season. The game serves as the final of the College Football Playoff, a bracket tournament between the top four teams in the country as determined by a selection committee, which was established as a successor to the Bowl Championship Series and its similar BCS National Championship Game. Unlike the BCS championship, the participating teams in the College Football Playoff", "title": "College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "17091098", "text": "service, excluding 2014 FIFA World Cup games, the Cotton Bowl and the Orange Bowl drew the second and third-largest streaming audiences in the service's history, behind the 2015 national championship. The ratings drops were attributed to the New Year's Eve time slot, as fewer people were at home to watch the game. The decline in ratings was a factor in changes for the scheduling of future CFP semi-final games. In 2012, ESPN reportedly paid about $7.3 billion over 12 years for broadcasting rights to all seven games, an average of about $608 million per year. That includes $215 million per", "title": "College Football Playoff" }, { "id": "20598804", "text": "semifinal round, with the winners advancing to the National Championship game. The semifinal games for the 2018–19 season are the Cotton Bowl and the Orange Bowl. Both will be played on December 29 as part of a yearly rotation of three pairs of six bowls, commonly referred to as the CFP New Year's Six bowl games. The winners will advance to the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California on January 7. For the 2018–19 bowl season, the Gasparilla Bowl was re-located from Tropicana Field to Raymond James Stadium (which already hosts the Outback", "title": "2018–19 NCAA football bowl games" }, { "id": "7155246", "text": "stations to carry their hometown college teams (for example, Buffalo Bulls college football is on Sinclair's WNYO). ASN was integrated into the multiplatform network Stadium in the 2017 offseason. TBS became the first cable station to nationally broadcast college football live when it began airing games during the 1982 season. The games were aired under a special \"supplemental\" television contract with the NCAA. ESPN followed later the same year, starting with a simulcast of the Independence Bowl match-up between Kansas State and the University of Wisconsin on December 11, 1982, which was the first college football game shown live on", "title": "College football on television" }, { "id": "2438356", "text": "at Finley Stadium in Chattanooga, Tennessee, the home field of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. In the five previous years (1992–1996) it was at Marshall University Stadium (now Joan C. Edwards Stadium) in Huntington, West Virginia. Since 2010, the title game has been played in Frisco, Texas, a suburb north of Dallas, at Toyota Stadium (known as Pizza Hut Park until the day after the championship game of the 2011 season, and then as FC Dallas Stadium until September 2013), a multi-purpose stadium primarily used by FC Dallas of Major League Soccer. The original contract with Frisco began in", "title": "NCAA Division I Football Championship" }, { "id": "12711548", "text": "College Basketball on CBS College Basketball on CBS (usually referred to on-air as the Road to the Final Four) is the branding used for broadcasts of men's NCAA Division I basketball games that are produced by CBS Sports, the sports division of the CBS television network in the United States. From 1982 to 2015, CBS Sports obtained broadcast television rights to the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship from NBC (which had been airing the game since 1969). Beginning in the 2016 season, TBS will hold the rights to broadcasting the NCAA Division I Championship in Men's Basketball in even-numbered", "title": "College Basketball on CBS" }, { "id": "8796319", "text": "remaining procedures if those circumstances were to happen. List of NCAA Division I FBS conference championship games Conference USA Football Championship Game The Conference USA Football Championship Game is an annual American football game that has determined the Conference USA's season champion since 2005. The championship game pits the C-USA East Division regular season champion against the West Division regular season champion. It is typically played on the first Saturday of December. The 2018 edition of the game, sponsored by Globe Life, was played on December 1, 2018, and televised by CBSSN. Nine of the fourteen current C-USA members have", "title": "Conference USA Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "20601760", "text": "2018 Cotton Bowl Classic The 2018 Cotton Bowl Classic will be a college football bowl game played on December 29, 2018 at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas. The 83rd Cotton Bowl Classic is a College Football Playoff semifinal with the winner to compete in the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship. It is one of the 2018–19 bowl games that will conclude the 2018 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, the game will officially be known as the College Football Playoff Semifinal at the Goodyear Cotton Bowl Classic. The game will feature second-ranked Clemson of", "title": "2018 Cotton Bowl Classic" }, { "id": "20244424", "text": "2018 Sugar Bowl The 2018 Sugar Bowl was a College Football Playoff semifinal bowl game that was played on January 1, 2018 at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans. The 84th Sugar Bowl game, it matched two of the top four teams selected by the Selection Committee to compete for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship played on January 8, 2018, at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. It was one of the 2017–18 bowl games that concluded the 2017 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Allstate insurance company, the game is officially known as the Allstate", "title": "2018 Sugar Bowl" }, { "id": "20002196", "text": "semifinal game to be played at the 2018 Rose Bowl on New Year's Day. Their opponent was the third-seeded Georgia Bulldogs, champions of the Southeastern Conference. It was the first ever match-up between the two schools. The Rose Bowl winner would go on to play in the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship. Oklahoma lost in double overtime, 48–54, in a game many observers described as an \"instant classic\". It was the highest-ever scoring Rose Bowl game, and the first CFP game to go to overtime. The Sooners were the first to score, with a 13-yard pass from Baker Mayfield", "title": "2017 Oklahoma Sooners football team" }, { "id": "20863420", "text": "2018 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game The 2018 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game was an NCAA Division I college football conference championship game for the American Athletic Conference (AAC) played on December 1, 2018. It was the 4th American Athletic Conference Championship, and was played at Spectrum Stadium in Orlando, Florida. Under the leadership of third-year head coach Mike Norvell, the Memphis Tigers entered the The American Championship with a record of 8–4, 5–3 in conference play. They started the season 3–2, with both losses in-conference (at Navy, at Tulane). They rebounded by annihilating Connecticut at home, but", "title": "2018 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "20959174", "text": "2018 NCAA Division III football season The 2018 NCAA Division III football season is the component of the 2018 college football season organized by the NCAA at the Division III level in the United States. The regular season began on August 30 and will culminate on November 17. The season's playoffs will end with the NCAA Division III Football Championship, also known as the Stagg Bowl, at Woodforest Bank Stadium in Shenandoah, Texas. Hosted by the University of Mary Hardin–Baylor, this is the first Stagg Bowl since 1992 to be played away from the Salem Football Stadium in Salem, Virginia.", "title": "2018 NCAA Division III football season" }, { "id": "20959173", "text": "2018 NCAA Division III football season The 2018 NCAA Division III football season is the component of the 2018 college football season organized by the NCAA at the Division III level in the United States. The regular season began on August 30 and will culminate on November 17. The season's playoffs will end with the NCAA Division III Football Championship, also known as the Stagg Bowl, at Woodforest Bank Stadium in Shenandoah, Texas. Hosted by the University of Mary Hardin–Baylor, this is the first Stagg Bowl since 1992 to be played away from the Salem Football Stadium in Salem, Virginia.", "title": "2018 NCAA Division III football season" }, { "id": "84659", "text": "For the 2009 season, there were 34 bowl games, so 68 of the 120 Division I FBS teams were invited to play at a bowl. These games are played from mid-December to early January and most of the later bowl games are typically considered more prestigious. After the Bowl Championship Series, additional all-star bowl games round out the post-season schedule through the beginning of February. Partly as a compromise between both bowl game and playoff supporters, the NCAA created the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) in 1998 in order to create a definitive national championship game for college football. The series", "title": "College football" }, { "id": "19950296", "text": "in the CFP Semi-final in the Sugar Bowl over Clemson and Georgia's overtime win over Oklahoma in the Rose Bowl, Alabama and Georgia, who did not play during SEC play, were slated to play on January 8, 2018 in the Mercedes-Benz Dome in Atlanta, Georgia for the 2018 College Football National Championship Game. This game marked the first time ex-Defensive Coordinator for Alabama Kirby Smart, head coach of Georgia faced off against his mentor Nick Saban. Alabama won the coin toss and elected to defer. On Georgia's opening drive, Alabama's Tony Brown intercepted a pass intended for Georgia's Riley Ridley,", "title": "2017 Alabama Crimson Tide football team" }, { "id": "15431924", "text": "the Reese's College All-Star Game (held on the afternoon of the Final Four at its venue), and the Division II championship game, which are both aired as part of the \"March Madness\" package. In 2016, CBS extended the selection show to a two-hour format; however, the new special was criticized by viewers for being too padded, while the full bracket was leaked shortly into the broadcast. In 2017, the selection show was shortened to a 90-minute format. Beginning with 2018, the selection show will return to a two-hour format, but the special aired on TBS instead, marking the first time", "title": "NCAA March Madness (TV program)" }, { "id": "19975464", "text": "single-elimination semifinal round, with the winners advancing to the National Championship game. The semifinal games were the Rose Bowl and the Sugar Bowl. Both were played on New Year's Day, as part of a yearly rotation of three pairs of six bowls, commonly referred to as the CFP New Year's Six bowl games. Their winners advanced to the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia, on January 8, 2018. On April 11, 2016, the NCAA announced a freeze on new bowl games until after the 2019 season. While bowl games had been the purview of", "title": "2017–18 NCAA football bowl games" }, { "id": "20121906", "text": "2017 ACC Championship Game The 2017 ACC Championship Game was played on December 2, 2017. It was the 13th annual ACC Football Conference Championship Game to determine the 2017 champion of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The game was held at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina. Clemson emerged victorious and became the 2017 ACC champions, beating Miami 38-3. The 2017 Championship Game was the 13th in the Atlantic Coast Conference's 65-year history. Last season, the ACC Championship Game featured the Clemson Tigers, champions of the Atlantic Division, and the Virginia Tech Hokies, champions of the Coastal Division. Clemson", "title": "2017 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "19260230", "text": "by a score of 24–6 to reach the championship game. The Tide had a 12–1 season, becoming the SEC West Division co-champions with the Auburn Tigers. The Crimson Tide were coached by Nick Saban. The Georgia Bulldogs defeated the Oklahoma Sooners in the 2018 Rose Bowl by a score of 54–48 in double overtime to reach the championship game. The Bulldogs had a 13–1 season claiming their 13th Southeastern Conference (SEC) championship with a win over Auburn Tigers, 28–7. The Bulldogs were coached by Kirby Smart. † = 2017 All-American After winning the coin toss, Alabama deferred to the second", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "12711576", "text": "16 (two games per day), two of the Elite Eight games (both of which were played on a Sunday) and the Championship Game. In 2016, CBS once again aired all of its game broadcasts nationally. The network aired a total of 21 games (not including the games broadcast through the Turner Sports' end of the agreement): eight first-round games (four games per day), seven second-round games (four games on the first day and three games on the second to accommodate its airing of \"60 Minutes\") four games in the Sweet Sixteen (two games per day) and two of the Elite", "title": "College Basketball on CBS" }, { "id": "9688251", "text": "ESPN College Football Friday Primetime ESPN College Football Friday Primetime is a live game presentation of Division 1-A college football on ESPN or sometimes ESPN2. There is no main sponsor. The game telecast airs every Friday night at 7:45pm ET during the college football regular season. In 2018, the games will be announced by Jason Benetti and Kelly Stouffer, with Olivia Harlan as the sideline reporter. The game is preceded by a 5–10 minute long segment of \"College Football Scoreboard\" with Adnan Virk, Jesse Palmer and Joey Galloway. They both also present the halftime report. Since debuting in 2004, it", "title": "ESPN College Football Friday Primetime" }, { "id": "20110833", "text": "in the United States by TBS. Jim Nantz provided play-by-play, while Bill Raftery and Grant Hill provided color commentary and Tracy Wolfson served as the sideline reporter. The pre-game and post-game shows included analysis by Greg Gumbel, Ernie Johnson Jr., Seth Davis, Clark Kellogg, Kenny Smith, and Charles Barkley. TBS's sister channels, TNT and TruTV, also aired special broadcasts of the game. The game drew an estimated 10.3 Nielsen rating across the three networks, the lowest for a national championship game, but the highest on television for the night of April 2. ESPN International owns the international broadcast rights for", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "13119452", "text": "Championship Week was re-titled as Champ Week. Championship Week Championship Week (re-titled as Champ Week from 2016 onward) is ESPN's annual college basketball showcase of conference tournament games in the United States, which decide NCAA bids in early-to-mid-March. It typically lasts a little under 2 weeks, before basketball post-season play begins. The minor and mid-major conferences typically begin Championship Week and it ends on Selection Sunday with the brackets being unveiled. Over the years, more games have been added with the expansion of ESPN's numerous multicast channels. Coverage of the NCAA conference tournaments is no longer mostly limited to ESPN,", "title": "Championship Week" }, { "id": "20701697", "text": "2018 NCAA Division I FCS football season The 2018 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part of college football in the United States, will be organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level. The 2018 National Championship game will be played on January 5, 2019 in Frisco, Texas. One kickoff game was played during \"Week Zero\" on August 25: \"All times Eastern\" Several games on the east coast have been rescheduled, cancelled, or moved due to Hurricane Florence: Note: Records are regular-season only, and do not include playoff games. This is", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I FCS football season" }, { "id": "18449420", "text": "and Clemson won the National Championship Game. Watson, who went 36-for-56 () on pass attempts for 420 yards with three passing touchdowns, and ran for 43 yards and one rushing touchdown, was named the game's Offensive Most Valuable Player. Ben Boulware, who recorded six tackles, including one for loss of yards, was named the Defensive Most Valuable Player. The game was broadcast in the United States by ESPN, ESPN Deportes (Spanish), and ESPN Radio. In Brazil, the game was broadcast on ESPN Brazil by Everaldo Marques (play by play) and Antony Curti (color commentator). As in past years, ESPN provided", "title": "2017 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "2753238", "text": "the national semifinal matchups. CBS kept its national championship game rights. Since 2015, CBS and TBS split coverage of the Elite Eight. Since 2016 CBS and TBS alternate coverage of the Final Four and national championship game, with TBS getting the final two rounds in even-numbered years, and CBS getting the games in odd-numbered years. \"March Madness On Demand\" would remain unchanged, although Turner was allowed to develop their own service. The CBS broadcast provides the NCAA with over $500 million annually, and makes up over 90% of the NCAA's annual revenue. The revenues from the multibillion-dollar television contract are", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "20220853", "text": "their first round match. The first three rounds were played on campus sites. The Semifinals were held on Tuesday, March 27, and the Championship Game was held on Thursday, March 29, at Madison Square Garden in New York City. <nowiki>*</nowiki> Denotes overtime period ESPN, Inc. had exclusive television rights to all of the NIT Games. It was telecast every game across ESPN, ESPN2, ESPNU, and ESPN3. Westwood One had exclusive radio rights to the semifinals and the championship. 2018 National Invitation Tournament The 2018 National Invitation Tournament was a single-elimination tournament of 32 NCAA Division I college men's basketball teams", "title": "2018 National Invitation Tournament" }, { "id": "12711550", "text": "the early part of this era (circa 1966-1968), CBS carried one game on the opening Saturday and the championship game the following Saturday. By 1969, CBS moved their first round coverage from Saturday to Sunday to avoid conflicting with the NCAA tournament regional finals coverage on NBC. In the process, the NIT title game went head-to-head with the NCAA consolation game. The same would be true on both counts for the next three years. In 1973, CBS expanded their NIT coverage to four games. The March 17 game (Notre Dame-USC) went up against an NCAA regional final on NBC. Meanwhile,", "title": "College Basketball on CBS" }, { "id": "8011668", "text": "NCAA Division I Baseball Championship The NCAA Division I Baseball Championship is held each year from May through June and features 64 college baseball teams in the United States, culminating in the eight-team College World Series at TD Ameritrade Park Omaha in Omaha, Nebraska. Oregon State is the 2018 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament champion, defeating runner-up Arkansas 5-0 in Game 3 to win the 2018 College World Series championship finals. The tournament is unique in that it features four tiers of competition, alternating between double-elimination brackets and best-of-three series. In fact, throughout the entire 64-team tournament, a team can", "title": "NCAA Division I Baseball Championship" }, { "id": "13123798", "text": "Foundation. The event was revived in 2018, with a 25-hour marathon of tournament-related programming. ESPNU airs a National Signing Day, first premiering in 2008. It was done due to the popularity of the football edition. ESPN has greatly expanded its coverage of the women's game, which now includes the entire NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship tournament, culminating with the \"Final Four\". They air many of the same pre-season and conference tournaments as the men do including \"Jimmy V Women's Basketball Classic\", \"Holiday Hoops\", \"ESPNU Campus Connection Week\", \"February Frenzy\", \"Rivalry Week\", and \"Championship Week\". The season begins with the", "title": "ESPN College Basketball" }, { "id": "17091096", "text": "ranking shows; as a whole, the contract is valued at around $470 million per year, or nearly $5.7 billion for the life of the contract. The inaugural College Football Playoff games in January 2015 generated larger ratings than previous BCS games. The 2015 College Football Playoff National Championship had an 18.9 Nielsen rating and was watched by approximately 33.4 million people, the largest broadcast audience of all time on American cable television (non-broadcast), according to AdWeek. That was a 31 percent audience increase over the previous year's championship game and a 22 percent increase over the BCS title game's best", "title": "College Football Playoff" }, { "id": "17257514", "text": "games, playoff organizers noted that the bids must propose host stadiums with a capacity of at least 65,000 spectators, and cities cannot host both a semi-final game and the title game in the same year. The winner of the game is awarded a new championship trophy instead of the \"crystal football\", which has been given by the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA) since 1986; officials wanted a new trophy that was unconnected with the previous BCS championship system. The inaugural game was held at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas in January 2015, and was won by Ohio State. The awarded", "title": "College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "84662", "text": "committee of college football experts decides the participating teams. Six major bowl games (the Rose, Sugar, Cotton, Orange, Peach, and Fiesta) rotate on a three-year cycle as semifinal games, with the winners advancing to the College Football Playoff National Championship. This arrangement is contractually locked in until the 2026 season. College football is a controversial institution within American higher education, where the amount of money involved—what people will pay for the entertainment provided—is a corrupting factor within universities that they are usually ill-equipped to deal with. According to William E. Kirwan, chancellor of the University of Maryland System and co-director", "title": "College football" } ]	when do the college championship game come on
[ "Europe/London" ]	[ { "id": "7350178", "text": "for the United Kingdom in the file zone.tab, named Europe/London. This refers to the area having the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code \"GB\". The zone names Europe/Guernsey, Europe/Isle_of_Man and Europe/Jersey exist because they have their own ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 but the zone.tab entries are links to Europe/London. There are several entries for UK possessions around the world. Data directly from zone.tab of the IANA time zone database. Columns marked with * are the columns from zone.tab itself. Time in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom uses Greenwich Mean Time or Western European Time (UTC) and British Summer Time or Western", "title": "Time in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "13126676", "text": "and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, San Marino, Vatican City, Andorra, Monaco and Liechtenstein also observe Central European Time. Moldova, Transnistria, Kaliningrad Oblast (Kaliningrad Time), Ukraine (apart from Crimea) and Northern Cyprus observe the Eastern European Time. Belarus, Russia (western part, including Crimea) and Turkey use Further-eastern European Time. Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh use time. Kazakhstan use . London and others: Time in Europe Europe spans seven primary time zones (from to ), excluding summer time offsets (four of them can be seen on the map to the right, with one further-western zone containing the Azores, and", "title": "Time in Europe" }, { "id": "5778446", "text": "British Summer Time During British Summer Time (BST), civil time in the United Kingdom is advanced one hour forward of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) (in effect, changing the time zone from UTC+0 to UTC+1), so that evenings have more daylight and mornings have less. BST begins at 01:00 GMT on the last Sunday of March and ends at 01:00 GMT (02:00 BST) on the last Sunday of October. Since 22 October 1995, the starting and finishing times of daylight saving time across the European Union have been aligned – for instance Central European Summer Time begins and ends on the", "title": "British Summer Time" }, { "id": "432497", "text": "at sea, providing a standard reference time while each city in England kept a different local time. Local solar time became increasingly inconvenient as rail transport and telecommunications improved, because clocks differed between places by amounts corresponding to the differences in their geographical longitudes, which varied by four minutes of time for every degree of longitude. For example, Bristol is about 2.5 degrees west of Greenwich (East London), so when it is solar noon in Bristol, it is about 10 minutes past solar noon in London. The use of time zones accumulates these differences into longer units, usually hours, so", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "2912926", "text": "Western European Time Western European Time (WET, ) is a time zone covering parts of western and northwestern Europe. The following countries and regions use WET in winter months: All the above countries except Iceland implement daylight saving time in summer (from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October each year), switching to Western European Summer Time (WEST, ), which is one hour ahead of WET. WEST is called British Summer Time in the UK and is officially known as Irish Standard Time in Ireland. The nominal span of the time zone is 7.5°E to 7.5°W", "title": "Western European Time" }, { "id": "432511", "text": "daylight saving time is not in effect: Some examples when UTC is 02:00 on Tuesday when or where daylight saving time is not in effect: The time-zone adjustment for a specific location may vary because of daylight saving time. For example, New Zealand, which is usually UTC+12, observes a one-hour daylight saving time adjustment during the Southern Hemisphere summer, resulting in a local time of UTC+13. From New York to other cities: From London to other cities: Conversion between time zones obeys the relationship in which each side of the equation is equivalent to UTC. (The more familiar term \"UTC", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "1521164", "text": "London congestion charge The London congestion charge is a fee charged on most motor vehicles operating within the Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ) in Central London between 07:00 and 18:00 Mondays to Fridays. It is not charged on weekends, public holidays or between Christmas Day and New Year's Day (inclusive). The charge was introduced on 17 February 2003. , the London charge zone remains as one of the largest congestion charge zones in the world, despite the cancellation of the Western Extension which operated between February 2007 and January 2011. The charge aims to reduce high traffic flow and pollution in", "title": "London congestion charge" }, { "id": "11436601", "text": "politics, education, technology, entertainment, media, fashion and the arts all contribute to its status as a major global city. Many of the world's largest corporations have their headquarters in London, the city taking a central role as a part of the wider global economy. In addition London in time and on maps is on the Prime Meridian, running directly through Greenwich (also known as the Greenwich Meridian), with its time zone as GMT+0 (UTC+0). The decision made at the International Meridian Conference was due to the dominance of the British Empire; for logistical reasons, and because the United Kingdom and", "title": "Caput Mundi" }, { "id": "432526", "text": "of Microsoft Outlook to enter the time zone in which an event will happen, but often not in other calendar systems. Calendaring software must also deal with daylight saving time (DST). If, for political reasons, the begin and end dates of daylight saving time are changed, calendar entries should stay the same in local time, even though they may shift in UTC time. In Microsoft Outlook, time stamps are therefore stored and communicated without DST offsets. Hence, an appointment in London at noon in the summer will be represented as 12:00 (UTC+00:00) even though the event will actually take place", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "16039820", "text": "products were launched using the zones: One Day Travelcard (1984), Capitalcard (1985), One Day Capitalcard (1986). In January 1991 Zone 5 was split to create a new Zone 6. All of Greater London is within the six principal fare zones numbered 1 to 6. Inner zone 1 forms a roughly circular area and covers central London. Each of five outer zones forms a concentric ring around it. Zones 4, 5 and 6 additionally extend into parts of Essex, Hertfordshire and Surrey. List of boroughs in each zone: For some services outside Greater London where fares are set by Transport for", "title": "London fare zones" }, { "id": "5778452", "text": "the current British Summer Time period, putting the UK one hour ahead of GMT during winter, and two hours ahead during summer. This proposal is referred to as \"Single/Double Summer Time\" (SDST), and would effectively mean the UK adopting the same time zone as European countries such as France, Germany, and mainland Spain (Central European Time and Central European Summer Time). RoSPA has suggested that this would reduce the number of accidents over this period as a result of the lighter evenings. RoSPA have called for the 1968–71 trial to be repeated with modern evaluation methods. 10:10's \"\" campaign, in", "title": "British Summer Time" }, { "id": "7350172", "text": "Time in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom uses Greenwich Mean Time or Western European Time (UTC) and British Summer Time or Western European Summer Time (). Until the advent of the railways, the United Kingdom used Local Mean Time. Greenwich Mean Time was adopted first by the Great Western Railway in 1840 and a few others followed suit in the following years. In 1847 it was adopted by the Railway Clearing House, and by almost all railway companies by the following year. It was from this initiative that the term \"railway time\" was derived. It was gradually adopted for", "title": "Time in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "4837568", "text": "high of is the highest temperature in the London area. In the summer of 2018, there was a hosepipe ban throughout London due to the high temperatures and lack of rain. Sunshine tends to increase towards the west of the London area, with annual average at Heathrow and Kew in excess of 1,600 hours, at Northwood and Hampstead, in the 1,500-1,600 hour range, but at Greenwich, below 1,500 hours. The sunniest year on record at Heathrow was 2003, with, coincidentally, just over 2,003 hours of sunshine. Heathrow - Airport Weather Station to the west of London, Kew - Weather station", "title": "Geography of London" }, { "id": "945546", "text": "1980s. The landowner, Greenwich Hospital, has been enhancing the Market since 2014 and due to complete in Spring 2016. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in Greenwich. It is commonly used in practice to refer to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) when this is viewed as a time zone, especially by bodies connected with the United Kingdom, such as the BBC World Service, the Royal Navy, the Met Office and others, although strictly UTC is an atomic time scale which only approximates GMT with a tolerance of 0.9 second.", "title": "Greenwich" }, { "id": "15236255", "text": "24-hour format is used in airport and railway station announcements: \"We regret to inform that the fifteen hundred [15:00] service from Nottingham is running approximately 10 minutes late\"; \"The next train arriving at Platform four is the twenty-fifteen [20:15] service to London Euston\". To separate different parts of time, either a full point or a colon can be used. For 12-hour time, the point format (for example \"1.45 p.m.\") is in common usage and has been recommended by some style guides, including the academic manual published by Oxford University Press under various titles, as well as the internal house style", "title": "Date and time notation in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "432494", "text": "Time zone A time zone is a region of the globe that observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. Time zones tend to follow the boundaries of countries and their subdivisions because it is convenient for areas in close commercial or other communication to keep the same time. Most of the time zones on land are offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) by a whole number of hours (UTC−12 to UTC+14), but a few zones are offset by 30 or 45 minutes (e.g. Newfoundland Standard Time is UTC−03:30, Nepal Standard Time is UTC+05:45, and Indian Standard", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "7350174", "text": "Ireland adopted GMT in 1916, supplanting Dublin Mean Time. Daylight saving time was introduced by the Summer Time Act 1916 (6 & 7 Geo. V), which was implemented in 1916 as GMT plus one hour and Dublin Mean Time plus one hour. The length of DST could be extended by Order in Council, and was extended for the duration of World War I. For 1916, DST extended from 21 May to 1 October, with transitions at 02:00 standard time. On 1 October 1916, Greenwich Mean Time was introduced to Ireland. At the beginning of the 20th century, Sandringham Time ()", "title": "Time in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "432521", "text": "adopt daylight saving time (also known as \"Summer Time\") during part of the year. This typically involves advancing clocks by an hour near the start of spring and adjusting back in autumn (\"spring forward\", \"fall back\"). Modern DST was first proposed in 1907 and was in widespread use in 1916 as a wartime measure aimed at conserving coal. Despite controversy, many countries have used it off and on since then; details vary by location and change occasionally. Most countries around the equator do not observe daylight saving time, since the seasonal difference in sunlight is minimal. Computer operating systems include", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "8512372", "text": "Bombay Time Bombay Time was one of the two official time zones established in British India in 1884. The time zone was established during the International Meridian Conference held at Washington, D.C. in the United States in 1884. It was then decided that India would have two time zones, with Calcutta (now Kolkata) using the 90th meridian east and Bombay (now Mumbai) the 75th meridian east. Bombay Time was set at 4 hours and 51 minutes ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). However, Bombay Time was difficult to convert to Indian Standard Time (IST) after it was adopted on 1", "title": "Bombay Time" }, { "id": "2912929", "text": "in the United Kingdom. Between 18 February 1968 and 31 October 1971, Irish Standard Time was used all year round. In Portugal, CET was used in the mainland from 1966 to 1976 and from 1992 to 1996. The autonomous region of the Azores used WET from 1992 to 1993. These areas are located between 7°30′ W and 22°30′ W (\"physical\" UTC) Areas using UTC+1: See Central European Time Western European Time Western European Time (WET, ) is a time zone covering parts of western and northwestern Europe. The following countries and regions use WET in winter months: All the above", "title": "Western European Time" }, { "id": "6018872", "text": "sunshine annually. London's large built-up area creates a microclimate (an \"urban heat island\"), with heat stored by the city's buildings. Sometimes temperatures are 5 °C (9 °F) warmer in the city than in the surrounding areas. The weather station enclosure is the most elevated of any in the London area, and as a result daytime temperatures are typically one degree lower than Heathrow, Kew, Northolt and Greenwich. Temperature extremes range from in August 2003, down to in January 1962. Climate of London London, the capital of England and largest city in the United Kingdom, has a temperate oceanic climate, with", "title": "Climate of London" }, { "id": "4837566", "text": "climate according to the Köppen climate classification system. In terms of the local climate profile, the temperature tends to increase towards the centre of the urban area, primarily because of the urban heat island effect, but also because London's topography results in the central area being the lowest part of the region in terms of altitude. Daytime winter temperatures in London are around , but can vary from as high as , down to as low as , as occurred during January 1987. Night time temperatures hover a little above freezing, with frosts typically on 25-45 nights, depending on location.", "title": "Geography of London" }, { "id": "16039816", "text": "London fare zones Rail service fares in Greater London and the surrounding area are calculated in accordance with the London fare zones system managed by Transport for London. Within London, all London Underground, National Rail, London Overground, TfL Rail and Docklands Light Railway stations are assigned to nine fare zones. Fare zone 1 covers the central area and fare zones 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 form concentric rings around it. Some National Rail stations and all Transport for London served stations outside Greater London in the counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex, Hertfordshire and Surrey are either included in fare zones", "title": "London fare zones" }, { "id": "239255", "text": "was announced that the night service would launch on 19 August 2016 for the Central and Victoria lines. The service operates on the: The Jubilee, Piccadilly and Victoria lines operate at 10-minute intervals, and the Central line between White City and Leytonstone, but operates at 20-minute intervals from Leytonstone to Hainault/Loughton, and 20 minutes between White City and Ealing Broadway. The Northern line operates at roughly 8-minute intervals between Morden and Camden Town via Charing Cross, and 15-minute intervals from Camden Town to Edgware/High Barnet. No services will operate on the other lines for the time being. When the upgrade", "title": "London Underground" }, { "id": "163286", "text": "noon-based astronomical convention for GMT. The more specific terms UT and UTC do not share this ambiguity, always referring to midnight as zero hours. Legally, the civil time used in the UK is called still \"Greenwich mean time\" (without capitalisation), according to the Interpretation Act 1978, with an exception made for those periods when the Summer Time Act 1972 orders an hour's shift for daylight saving. The Interpretation Act 1978, section 9, provides that whenever an expression of time occurs in an Act, the time referred to shall (unless otherwise specifically stated) be held to be Greenwich mean time. Under", "title": "Greenwich Mean Time" }, { "id": "521126", "text": "reality mean time at Greenwich. Greenwich Mean Time is still the legal time in the UK (in winter, and as adjusted by one hour for summer time). But Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) (an atomic-based time scale which is always kept within 0.9 second of UT1) is in common actual use in the UK, and the name GMT is often inaccurately used to refer to it. (See articles Greenwich Mean Time, Universal Time, Coordinated Universal Time and the sources they cite.) Universal Time (UT) is mean solar time at 0° longitude; some implementations are Ephemeris time and its successor time scales", "title": "Time standard" }, { "id": "405166", "text": "historically as an effort which first began as a collaboration between 41 nations, officially agreed to and signed at the International Meridian Conference, in Washington D.C. in 1884. At this conference, the local mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in England was chosen to define the \"universal day\", counted from 0 hours at Greenwich mean midnight. This agreed with the civil Greenwich Mean Time used on the island of Great Britain since 1847. In contrast astronomical GMT began at mean noon, i.e. astronomical day \"X\" began at noon of civil day \"X\". The purpose of this was to", "title": "Time" }, { "id": "6018871", "text": "Climate of London London, the capital of England and largest city in the United Kingdom, has a temperate oceanic climate, with cool to warm summers and cold winters. While the city annually has modest precipitation, there are long periods of overcast skies and frequent light mist-type precipitation, which may account for the rainy image of the city. Within the current boundaries of Greater London, the coldest temperature ever measured was at Northolt in January 1963, and the highest temperature ever recorded was , measured at Kew Gardens during the European Heat Wave of 2003. London averages about 1600 hours of", "title": "Climate of London" }, { "id": "7270997", "text": "UTC−12:00 UTC−12:00 is a time offset that subtracts 12 hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). It is the last to celebrate a New Year, and it is sometimes referred to as the International Date Line West time zone (IDLW). UTC−12 is a nautical time zone comprising the high seas between 180° and 172°30′W longitude, and the time is obtained by subtracting twelve hours from Coordinated Universal Time. Ships using this time are the last to begin each calendar day. A number of inhabited islands lie within the longitudinal limits of this time zone, but none of them keeps the date", "title": "UTC−12:00" }, { "id": "7270995", "text": "UTC−12:00 UTC−12:00 is a time offset that subtracts 12 hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). It is the last to celebrate a New Year, and it is sometimes referred to as the International Date Line West time zone (IDLW). UTC−12 is a nautical time zone comprising the high seas between 180° and 172°30′W longitude, and the time is obtained by subtracting twelve hours from Coordinated Universal Time. Ships using this time are the last to begin each calendar day. A number of inhabited islands lie within the longitudinal limits of this time zone, but none of them keeps the date", "title": "UTC−12:00" }, { "id": "16039821", "text": "London there are three additional zones 7, 8 and 9. They extend into Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire to include all stations served by TfL services (except Shenfield, Watford Junction) and some c2c services that are outside Greater London. Unlike zones 2–6 they do not form complete rings around London. As of January 2013, there were eight National Rail stations outside the 9 numbered fare zones, where Oyster card pay as you go is permitted and fares are set by the train operating companies. They are located in Essex and Hertfordshire and are organised into additional areas B, C, G and", "title": "London fare zones" }, { "id": "16039819", "text": "introduced on 4 October 1981. The whole of Greater London was divided into bus zones where flat fares applied. On the London Underground the area that is now zone 1 was divided into two overlapping areas called \"City\" and \"West End\". On 21 March 1982 fares to all other London Underground stations were graduated at three mile intervals—effectively creating zones—although they were not named as such until 1983 when the Travelcard product was launched covering five numbered zones. City and West End became zone 1 and the rest of Greater London was within zones 2, 3, 4 and 5. Further", "title": "London fare zones" }, { "id": "4837567", "text": "Absolute minimum temperatures range from at St James Park, in central London down to at Northolt during January 1962 - the lowest official temperature in the London area. More typically though to is the record minimum for most parts of London, as is shown by the Kew, Heathrow and Hampstead figures. The lowest temperature to occur in recent years was at Northolt during 2010. During summer, daytime temperatures are typically around . Typically, according to 1981-2010 normals, the warmest day of the year at Heathrow will reach , and 26.4 days will attain a temperature of or above. Kew's record", "title": "Geography of London" }, { "id": "7350176", "text": "Since 2002 the Act has specified the last Sunday in March as the start of British Summer Time with the last Sunday in October being end of British Summer Time. Since 1998 the start and end date are the same in both the United Kingdom and the rest of the European Union. The United Kingdom experimentally adopted Central European Time by maintaining Summer Time throughout the year from 1968 to 1971. In a House of Lords debate, Richard Butler, 17th Viscount Mountgarret said that the change was welcomed at the time, but the experiment was eventually halted after a debate", "title": "Time in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "3133968", "text": "noon in Amsterdam, it was 11:40 in London and 12:40 in Berlin. The shift to the current Central European Time zone took place on 16 May 1940. The German occupiers ordered the clock to be moved an hour and forty minutes forward. This time was kept in summer and winter throughout 1941 and 1942. It was only in November 1942 that a different Winter time was introduced, and the time was adjusted one hour backwards. This lasted for only three years; after the liberation of the Netherlands in 1945, Summer time was abolished for over thirty years, so during those", "title": "Standard time" }, { "id": "11648573", "text": "adjust their public clocks to bring them into line with London Time. As a consequence, two different times would be displayed in the town and in use, with the station clocks and the times published in train timetables differing by several minutes from that on other clocks. Despite this early reluctance, railway time rapidly became adopted as the default time across the whole of Great Britain, although it took until 1880 for the government to legislate on the establishment of a single Standard Time and a single time zone for the country. Some contemporary commentators referred to the influence of", "title": "Railway time" }, { "id": "7914208", "text": "020 020 is the national dialling code for London in the United Kingdom. The area it serves, which includes most of Greater London and some adjacent areas, was first allocated the STD code 01 in 1959. After a sequence of changes in the 1990s, culminating with the Big Number Change, the current 020 code became active on 1 June 1999. All subscriber numbers within the area code consist of eight digits and it has capacity for approaching 100 million telephone numbers. The code is used at 170 telephone exchanges as part of the largest linked numbering scheme in the United", "title": "020" }, { "id": "10283958", "text": "Time effectively became the international standard for time calculation around the world based on the Prime meridian at Greenwich in London. Previously only local time was used, the setting of noon based on the length of the shadow from a gnomon (on a sundial). The Meridian features in the film Pingwin (Penguin) (1965) starring Zbigniew Cybulski. Warsaw meridian The Warsaw meridian () is a meridian line running through Warsaw. The local mean time at the meridian was known as Warsaw Mean Time. It corresponds to an offset from UTC of . In 1880, a small column marking the meridian was", "title": "Warsaw meridian" }, { "id": "163277", "text": "Greenwich Mean Time Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, reckoned from midnight. At different times in the past, it has been calculated in different ways, including being calculated from noon; as a consequence, it cannot be used to specify a precise time unless a context is given. English speakers often use GMT as a synonym for Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For navigation, it is considered equivalent to UT1 (the modern form of mean solar time at 0° longitude); but this meaning can differ from UTC by up to 0.9s. The", "title": "Greenwich Mean Time" }, { "id": "17773569", "text": "Time in Gibraltar Gibraltar uses \"Standard Time\" or Central European Time () and daylight saving time or Central European Summer Time (). Until 1982, Gibraltar used GMT+1 all year round. This put it in neighbouring Spain's time zone for 5 months and in the UK's zone for the 7 months of British Summer Time. In 1982, Gibraltar changed to use Central European Time all year round, putting it wholly in tune with Spain. The IANA time zone database contains one time zone for Gibraltar in the file zone.tab, named Europe/Gibraltar. This refers to the area having the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2", "title": "Time in Gibraltar" }, { "id": "236683", "text": "London London ( ) is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in southeastern England, upstream from its estuary with the North Sea, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. \"Londinium\" was founded by the Romans. The City of London, London's ancient core − an area of just and colloquially known as the Square Mile − retains its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster is also an Inner London borough holding city status. Greater London is governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. London is often considered as", "title": "London" }, { "id": "236560", "text": "London London ( ) is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in southeastern England, upstream from its estuary with the North Sea, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. \"Londinium\" was founded by the Romans. The City of London, London's ancient core − an area of just and colloquially known as the Square Mile − retains its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster is also an Inner London borough holding city status. Greater London is governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. London is often considered as", "title": "London" }, { "id": "11198548", "text": "London low emission zone The London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) is a traffic pollution charge scheme with the aim of reducing the exhaust gas emissions of diesel-powered commercial vehicles in London. Only vehicles that do not conform to more stringent emission standards are charged; the others may enter the controlled zone free of charge. The low emission zone started operating on 4 February 2008 with phased introduction of an increasingly stricter regime until 3 January 2012. The scheme is administered by the Transport for London executive agency within the Greater London Authority. The zone covers most of Greater London (with", "title": "London low emission zone" }, { "id": "6918456", "text": "when the name \"LONDON BRIT RAIL\" was adopted. After the privatisation of British Rail, the name \"LONDON\" on its own was used from the end of 1997 until April 1998, when the present designation \"LONDON TERMINALS\" was introduced. All stations in the London group are in London fare zone 1 and most are at the end of a railway line. This includes major national terminals such as , , and King's Cross, and local commuter terminals such as and . In addition, the group includes four stations (, , and ) that are not technically termini but are used enough", "title": "London station group" }, { "id": "432516", "text": "degrees east (Central European Time) rather than 0 degrees (Greenwich Mean Time). France previously used GMT, but was switched to CET (Central European Time) during the German occupation of the country during World War II and did not switch back after the war. Similarly, prior to World War II, the Netherlands observed \"Amsterdam Time\", which was twenty minutes ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. They were obliged to follow German time during the war, and kept it thereafter. In the mid 1970s the Netherlands, as with other European states, began observing daylight saving (summer) time. There is a tendency to draw", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "15043225", "text": "When the clock reaches zero, that person \"times out\", or dies. Time has thus become the universal currency, transferred between people or within \"time capsules\". Two major areas called Time Zones exist within Ohio: Dayton, a poor manufacturing area where people rarely have more than 24 hours on their watch, and Greenwich, which is called New Greenwich, where people have enough time to essentially be immortal. Will Salas is a Dayton factory worker, who rescues a drunken man named Henry Hamilton from a robbery by a time-robbing thugs led by Fortis. Hamilton reveals that the people of New Greenwich hoard", "title": "In Time" }, { "id": "17773570", "text": "country code \"GI\". Time in Gibraltar Gibraltar uses \"Standard Time\" or Central European Time () and daylight saving time or Central European Summer Time (). Until 1982, Gibraltar used GMT+1 all year round. This put it in neighbouring Spain's time zone for 5 months and in the UK's zone for the 7 months of British Summer Time. In 1982, Gibraltar changed to use Central European Time all year round, putting it wholly in tune with Spain. The IANA time zone database contains one time zone for Gibraltar in the file zone.tab, named Europe/Gibraltar. This refers to the area having the", "title": "Time in Gibraltar" }, { "id": "236602", "text": "and 4.2 days above every year. During the 2003 European heat wave there were 14 consecutive days above and 2 consecutive days where temperatures reached , leading to hundreds of heat related deaths. Winters are generally cool with little temperature variation. Heavy Snow is rare but snow happens at least once each winter. Spring and autumn can be pleasant. As a large city, London has a considerable urban heat island effect, making the centre of London at times warmer than the suburbs and outskirts. This can be seen below when comparing London Heathrow, west of London, with the London Weather", "title": "London" }, { "id": "236601", "text": "with this threat. While the barrier is expected to function as designed until roughly 2070, concepts for its future enlargement or redesign are already being discussed. London has a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen: \"Cfb \") receiving less precipitation than Rome, Bordeaux, Lisbon, Naples, Sydney and New York City. Temperature extremes in London range from at Kew during August 2003 down to at Northolt during January 1962. Although, a temperature of was recorded in January 1795. Summers are generally warm, sometimes hot. London's average July high is 24 °C (74 °F). On average London will see 31 days above each year,", "title": "London" }, { "id": "7350175", "text": "was used by the royal household. This practice was halted by King Edward VIII, in an effort to reduce confusions over time. The dates of British Summer Time are the subject of the Summer Time Act 1972. From 1972 to 1980, the day following the 3rd Saturday in March was the start of British Summer Time (unless that day was Easter Sunday, in which case BST began a week earlier), with the day following the 4th Sunday in October being the end of British Summer Time. From 1981 to 2001, the dates were set in line with various European Directives.", "title": "Time in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "432496", "text": "became widespread in the early 19th century, each city began to use some local mean solar time. Apparent and mean solar time can differ by up to around 15 minutes (as described by the equation of time) because of the elliptical shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun (eccentricity) and the tilt of the Earth's axis (obliquity). Mean solar time has days of equal length, and the difference between the two sums to zero after a year. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) was established in 1675, when the Royal Observatory was built, as an aid to mariners to determine longitude", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "2802636", "text": "San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. After World War II Monaco, Andorra and Gibraltar implemented CET. Portugal used CET in the years 1966–1976 and 1992–1996. The time around the world is based on Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) which is roughly synonymous with Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). From late March to late October, clocks in the United Kingdom are put forward by one hour for British Summer Time (BST). Since 1997, most of the European Union aligned with the British standards for BST. In 1968 there was a three-year experiment called \"British Standard Time\", when the UK and", "title": "Central European Time" }, { "id": "3339500", "text": "the same time, 01:00 GMT. The Channel Islands and Isle of Man observe the same time as the UK mainland. Summer Time in Europe European Summer Time is the variation of standard clock time that is applied in most European countries (not including Iceland, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Turkey and Russia) in the period between spring and autumn, during which clocks are advanced by one hour from the time observed in the rest of the year, in order to make the most efficient use of seasonal daylight. It corresponds to the notion and practice of daylight saving time to be found", "title": "Summer Time in Europe" }, { "id": "521346", "text": "towns. Greenwich Mean Time, where all clocks in Britain were set to the same time, was established to solve this problem. Chronometers or telegraphy were used to synchronize these clocks. Standard time, as originally proposed by Scottish-Canadian Sir Sandford Fleming in 1879, divided the world into twenty-four time zones, each one covering 15 degrees of longitude. All clocks within each zone would be set to the same time as the others, but differed by one hour from those in the neighboring zones. The local time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, was recommended as standard on 22 October 1884", "title": "Universal Time" }, { "id": "6946798", "text": "Chatham Standard Time Zone The Chatham Standard Time Zone is a geographic region that keeps time by adding twelve hours and forty-five minutes to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) resulting in . The Chatham Standard Time Zone is used exclusively in the Chatham Islands, New Zealand, located in the South Pacific Ocean at 43°53′54″S, 176°31′44″W. It is one of only three time zones with a 45-minute offset from UTC, the others being Nepal Time () and the unofficial Australian Central Western Time (). During summer daylight saving time is observed and clocks are advanced one hour. Chatham Daylight Time (CHADT) is", "title": "Chatham Standard Time Zone" }, { "id": "11648571", "text": "Railway time Railway time was the standardised time arrangement first applied by the Great Western Railway in England in November 1840, the first recorded occasion when different local mean times were synchronised and a single standard time applied. Railway time was progressively taken up by all railway companies in Great Britain over the following two to three years. The schedules by which trains were organised and the time station clocks displayed were brought in line with the local mean time for London or \"London Time\", the time set at Greenwich by the Royal Observatory, which was already widely known as", "title": "Railway time" }, { "id": "3892463", "text": "Atlantic Time Zone The Atlantic Time Zone is a geographical region that keeps standard time—called Atlantic Standard Time (AST)—by subtracting four hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), resulting in . During part of the year, some portions of the zone observe daylight saving time, referred to as Atlantic Daylight Time (ADT), by moving their clocks forward one hour to result in . The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time of the 60th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In Canada, the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island are in this", "title": "Atlantic Time Zone" }, { "id": "18879181", "text": "and watches that use mean time or average time will always be at a slight variance. This difference of time can be calculated and displayed on the dial – again using old language it is known as the equation of time. A London dials show hour lines, some show half-hour markers, the quarter hours and some divisions representing half-quarters (7 and a half minutes). The equation of time is shown as a three rings, showing the words \"WATCH SLOWER, WATCH FASTER\", the months and dates and the minutes of time of variance. There are many methods to do this: the", "title": "London dial" }, { "id": "6959411", "text": "destinations and most interchange stations are in zone 1, meaning that most journeys over similar distances will cost the same. A few stations in the north east of the network, on the Central line, outside Greater London (in the Epping Forest district) are in zones 4, 5 and 6. In the north west of the network, on the Metropolitan line, zones 7, 8 and 9 (formerly A - D) cover stations outside Greater London including Amersham and Chesham in the Chiltern district of Buckinghamshire. Unlike the lower numbered zones, these ancillary areas do not encircle the capital. Some stations are", "title": "London Underground ticketing" }, { "id": "16039822", "text": "W. On maps these stations are shown as being outside fare zones 1–9 but within the 'special fares' Oyster pay as you go area. In January 2016, the Oyster and contactless system was extended to Gatwick Airport in Crawley, West Sussex, and the stations down that line (Horley, Salfords, Earlswood, Redhill and Merstham). London fare zones Rail service fares in Greater London and the surrounding area are calculated in accordance with the London fare zones system managed by Transport for London. Within London, all London Underground, National Rail, London Overground, TfL Rail and Docklands Light Railway stations are assigned to", "title": "London fare zones" }, { "id": "4614665", "text": "Civil time In modern usage, civil time refers to statutory time scales designated by civilian authorities, or to local time indicated by clocks. Modern civil time is generally standard time in a time zone at a fixed offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), possibly adjusted by daylight saving time during part of the year. UTC is calculated by reference to atomic clocks, and was adopted in 1972. Older systems use telescope observations. In traditional astronomical usage, civil time was mean solar time reckoned from midnight. Before 1925, the astronomical time 00:00:00 meant noon, twelve", "title": "Civil time" }, { "id": "11198561", "text": "T-charge. London low emission zone The London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) is a traffic pollution charge scheme with the aim of reducing the exhaust gas emissions of diesel-powered commercial vehicles in London. Only vehicles that do not conform to more stringent emission standards are charged; the others may enter the controlled zone free of charge. The low emission zone started operating on 4 February 2008 with phased introduction of an increasingly stricter regime until 3 January 2012. The scheme is administered by the Transport for London executive agency within the Greater London Authority. The zone covers most of Greater London", "title": "London low emission zone" }, { "id": "6258264", "text": "Israel Standard Time Israel Standard Time (IST) ( \", lit. \"Israel Time\") is the standard time zone in Israel. It is two hours ahead of UTC (). At the beginning of the British Mandate, the time zone of the mandate area (today's Israel and Jordan), was set to Cairo's time zone (the same as Athens), which is two hours later than Greenwich Mean Time. The unique \"Israel Standard Time\" came into effect with the founding of the State of Israel in 1948, which gave Israel the authority in determining its own time, specifically to enact daylight saving time. The difference", "title": "Israel Standard Time" }, { "id": "18323819", "text": "Night Tube The Night Tube and London Overground Night Service, often referred to simply as Night Tube is a service pattern on the London Underground and London Overground systems which provides night-time services to travellers on Friday and Saturday nights on the Central, Jubilee, Northern, Piccadilly, and Victoria lines, and a short section of the London Overground’s East London line. Since the London Underground's inception, the practice of running night-time services has been difficult, mainly due to night-time noise factors, and the ongoing maintenance works that usually occur during the night. General mass upgrades to the overall London Underground network", "title": "Night Tube" }, { "id": "7350177", "text": "in 1971, in which the outcome might have been influenced by a major accident on the morning of the debate. Proposals to adopt CET have been raised by various politicians over the years, including a proposal in 2011 to conduct an analysis of the costs and benefits. Authority over the time zone in Northern Ireland is devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly but the power has never been used. In Scotland and Wales, time zone is a reserved matter, meaning that only the Parliament of the United Kingdom has power to legislate. The IANA time zone database contains one zone", "title": "Time in the United Kingdom" }, { "id": "16579311", "text": "Airports of London The metropolitan area of London, England, United Kingdom is served by six international airports and several smaller airports. Together, they make the busiest airport system in the world by passenger numbers and the second-busiest by aircraft movements. In 2016, the six airports handled a total of 163,231,321 passengers. The London airports handle 60% of all the UK's air traffic. The airports serve a total of 14 domestic destinations and 396 international destinations. Located in the London Borough of Newham, City Airport is situated in London's Docklands, and is the closest to central London, which limits its size", "title": "Airports of London" }, { "id": "3339499", "text": "() while local time during the rest of the year is normally referred to as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). More generally British Summer Time is part of Western European Summer Time. Legislation: Summer Time Act 1916; Summer Time Act 1922; Time (Ireland) Act, 1916; Summer Time Act, 1925; Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, 1939; The Summer Time Order 1964; The Summer Time Order 1967; Summer Time Act 1972; The Summer Time Order 1997; The Summer Time Order 2002. Since 1996 all clocks in the European Union, of which the UK is a member state, have changed on same dates and at", "title": "Summer Time in Europe" }, { "id": "2909138", "text": "the overnight hours. RAJAR data, the audience measurement system in the UK, showed that BBC London 94.9 audience reach for the second quarter in 2014 was 572,000, which is its largest since the station rebranded as BBC London 94.9. BBC Radio London BBC Radio London is London's BBC Local Radio station and part of the broader BBC London network. The station broadcasts across Greater London and beyond, on the 94.9 FM frequency, DAB, Virgin Media Channel 937, Sky Channel 0152 (in the London area only), Freeview Channel 721 and online. The station's output is generally similar to that of other", "title": "BBC Radio London" }, { "id": "2502705", "text": "Central London Central London (also known less commonly as London city centre) is the innermost part of London, in the United Kingdom, spanning several boroughs. Over time, a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of central London for statistics, urban planning and local government. Its characteristics are understood to include a high density built environment, high land values, an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally, nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities. Road distances to London are traditionally measured from a central point at Charing Cross (in the City of Westminster), which is marked", "title": "Central London" }, { "id": "432510", "text": "standard ISO 8601 and their use as sole designator for a time zone is discouraged. Such designations can be ambiguous; for example, \"ECT\" could be interpreted as \"Eastern Caribbean Time\" (UTC−4h), \"Ecuador Time\" (UTC−5h), or \"European Central Time\" (UTC+1h). These examples give the local time at various locations around the world when daylight saving time is not in effect: Where the adjustment for time zones results in a time at the other side of midnight from UTC, then the date at the location is one day later or earlier. Some examples when UTC is 23:00 on Monday when or where", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "432498", "text": "that nearby places can share a common standard for timekeeping. The first adoption of a standard time was on December 1, 1847, in Great Britain by railway companies using GMT kept by portable chronometers. The first of these companies to adopt standard time was the Great Western Railway (GWR) in November 1840. This quickly became known as Railway Time. About , time signals were first transmitted by telegraph from the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. Even though 98% of Great Britain's public clocks were using GMT by 1855, it was not made Britain's legal time until . Some British clocks from this", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "3892467", "text": "time. Atlantic Time Zone The Atlantic Time Zone is a geographical region that keeps standard time—called Atlantic Standard Time (AST)—by subtracting four hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), resulting in . During part of the year, some portions of the zone observe daylight saving time, referred to as Atlantic Daylight Time (ADT), by moving their clocks forward one hour to result in . The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time of the 60th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In Canada, the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island are in", "title": "Atlantic Time Zone" }, { "id": "236598", "text": "its status as \"de facto\" capital a part of the UK's uncodified constitution. The capital of England was moved to London from Winchester as the Palace of Westminster developed in the 12th and 13th centuries to become the permanent location of the royal court, and thus the political capital of the nation. More recently, Greater London has been defined as a region of England and in this context is known as \"London\". Greater London encompasses a total area of , an area which had a population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of . The extended area known", "title": "London" }, { "id": "163290", "text": "a list of the 'incongruencies': Greenwich Mean Time Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, reckoned from midnight. At different times in the past, it has been calculated in different ways, including being calculated from noon; as a consequence, it cannot be used to specify a precise time unless a context is given. English speakers often use GMT as a synonym for Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For navigation, it is considered equivalent to UT1 (the modern form of mean solar time at 0° longitude); but this meaning can differ from UTC", "title": "Greenwich Mean Time" }, { "id": "9399527", "text": "\"London time\", i.e. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), which replaced solar time. Until railway time was introduced, local times for London, Birmingham, Bristol and Manchester could differ by as much as 16 to 20 minutes; in India and North America these differences could be 60 minutes or more. The \"European Rail Timetable\", a compendium of the schedules of major European railway services, has been in publication since 1873 (appearing monthly since 1883). Originally, and for most of its history, it was published by Thomas Cook & Son and included \"Thomas Cook\" or \"Cook's\" in its title. Although Thomas Cook Group plc", "title": "Public transport timetable" }, { "id": "236642", "text": "and into the Home Counties with a branch to Heathrow Airport. It is Europe's biggest construction project, with a £15 billion projected cost. London is the centre of the National Rail network, with 70 per cent of rail journeys starting or ending in London. Like suburban rail services, regional and inter-city trains depart from several termini around the city centre, linking London with the rest of Britain including Birmingham, Brighton, Reading, Bristol, Cardiff, Derby, Exeter, Sheffield, Southampton, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Cambridge, Newcastle upon Tyne, Edinburgh and Glasgow. Some international railway services to Continental Europe were operated during the 20th century", "title": "London" }, { "id": "8512252", "text": "Calcutta Time Calcutta time was one of the two time zones established in British India in 1884. It was established during the International Meridian Conference held at Washington, D.C. in the United States. It was decided that India had two time zones: Calcutta (now Kolkata) would use the 90th meridian east and Bombay (Mumbai) the 75th meridian east. Calcutta time was described as being 24 minutes ahead of Indian standard time and one hour and three minutes ahead of Bombay standard time (UTC+5:54). It has also been described as 32 minutes and 20 seconds ahead of Madras time (UTC+5:53:20). Even", "title": "Calcutta Time" }, { "id": "16039817", "text": "4, 5 or 6 or in extended zones beyond these. Transport for London fare zones are also known simply as zones or travelcard zones, referring to their use in calculating prices for the travelcard product. Before flat fares were introduced in 2004, fare zones were used on the London Buses network. London fare zones are also used for calculating the cost of single and return paper tickets, Oyster card pay-as-you-go fares and season tickets. Before the introduction of fare zones, tickets for rail travel in Greater London were purchased on a 'point-to-point' basis between two stations, either as a single,", "title": "London fare zones" }, { "id": "10027468", "text": "E longitude was picked as the central meridian for India, corresponding to a single time zone for the country (). Indian Standard Time came into force on 1 January 1906, and also applied to Sri Lanka (then Ceylon). However, Calcutta time was officially maintained as a separate time zone until 1948 and Bombay time until 1955. In 1925, time synchronisation began to be relayed through omnibus telephone systems and control circuits to organisations that needed to know the precise time. This continued until the 1940s, when time signals began to be broadcast using the radio by the government. Briefly during", "title": "Time in India" }, { "id": "2802634", "text": "Central European Time Central European Time (CET), used in most parts of Europe and a few North African countries, is a standard time which is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The time offset from UTC can be written as . The same standard time, , is also known as Middle European Time (MET, German: ) and under other names like Berlin Time, Warsaw Time and Romance Standard Time (RST), Paris Time or Rome Time. The 15th meridian east is the central axis for UTC+01:00 in the world system of time zones. As of 2011, all member states", "title": "Central European Time" }, { "id": "4645877", "text": "in 2017 to 25m from 22.5m inline with the planning permission granted in 2016. Trains serve the station every 30 minutes off-peak (more frequently at peak times) and weekends in each direction. London-bound trains now run to/from via during the day Mon-Fri (and all day Saturdays & Sundays), with direct services to only in weekday peak periods and evenings. Starting early 2018, due to the completion of the Thameslink Programme service frequency and train size will increase mostly 10 carriages. Off peak and peak services will run continually every 15 minutes throughout the day. It was initially proposed that from", "title": "Reedham railway station (London)" }, { "id": "5778455", "text": "at one o'clock, Greenwich mean time, in the morning of the last Sunday in March and ending at one o'clock, Greenwich mean time, in the morning of the last Sunday in October.\" This period was stipulated by a directive (2000/84/EC) of the European Parliament which required European countries to implement a common summer time (as originally introduced in 1997, in Directive 97/44/EC). In part because of Britain's longitudinal length, debate emerges most years over the applicability of BST, and the issue is the subject of parliamentary debate. In 2004, English MP Nigel Beard tabled a Private Member's Bill in the", "title": "British Summer Time" }, { "id": "521353", "text": "hour, and in most cases a multiple of an hour. Universal Time Universal Time (UT) is a time standard based on Earth's rotation. It is a modern continuation of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), i.e., the mean solar time on the Prime Meridian at Greenwich, London, UK. In fact, the expression \"Universal Time\" is ambiguous (when accuracy of better than a few seconds is required), as there are several versions of it, the most commonly used being Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and UT1 (see ). All of these versions of UT, except for UTC, are based on Earth's rotation relative to", "title": "Universal Time" }, { "id": "4837569", "text": "in the South West part of London, adjacent to the River Thames. Hampstead - Weather Station in North London. The weather station enclosure is the most elevated of any in the London area, and as a result daytime temperatures are typically one degree lower than Heathrow, Kew, Northolt and Greenwich. Northolt - Airfield Weather Station in the North West of London. Temperature extremes range from in August 2003, down to in January 1962. Greenwich - Weather Station in East London located near the river Thames. <br> Geography of London London is the largest urban area and capital city of the", "title": "Geography of London" }, { "id": "11648580", "text": "up five years earlier to coordinate the distribution of revenue between railway companies, decreed that \"GMT be adopted at all stations as soon as the General Post Office permitted it\". From 1 December 1847, the London and North Western and the Caledonian Railways switched over. By January 1848, according to Bradshaws Railway Guide, the railways that had adopted London Time included the London and South Western, the Midland, the Chester and Birkenhead, the Lancaster and Carlisle, the East Lancashire and the York and North Midland. It was reported that by 1855 that 98 percent of towns and cities had transferred", "title": "Railway time" }, { "id": "8030404", "text": "contract to Transport for London. Heathrow Express is also unusual in that it is not officially part of the National Rail franchising system. Long-distance intercity services are provided at some London rail termini. Because the termini and intercity routes were largely built by competing companies, many termini serve cities in overlapping regions or different parts of the same region: St Pancras provides international Eurostar services via the Channel Tunnel to cities including Paris, Brussels, Lyon and Marseilles, with journeys to Paris in around 2 hours 15 minutes and to Brussels in around 1 hour 50 minutes.Journeys have also started to", "title": "Transport in London" }, { "id": "6252590", "text": "Time in Australia Australia uses three main time zones: Australian Western Standard Time (AWST; ), Australian Central Standard Time (ACST; ), and Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST; ). Time is regulated by the individual state governments, some of which observe daylight saving time (DST). Australia's external territories observe different time zones. Standard time was introduced in the 1890s when all of the Australian colonies adopted it. Before the switch to standard time zones, each local city or town was free to determine its local time, called local mean time. Now, Western Australia uses Western Standard Time; South Australia and the", "title": "Time in Australia" }, { "id": "8029439", "text": "ADSL internet services. Most of London, and some adjacent places, are covered by the 020 area code. Some parts of outer London are covered by the 01322, 01689, 01708, 01895, 01923 and 01959 codes. There is extensive wireless LAN coverage, especially in central London such as the City of London Corporation, who are developing blanket coverage for the financial district. There is wide coverage from five mobile phone networks of which four are GSM/UMTS and one is UMTS-only. Most analogue and digital television and radio channels are received throughout the London area from either the Crystal Palace Transmitter or Croydon", "title": "Infrastructure in London" }, { "id": "236562", "text": "by international arrivals and has the busiest city airport system as measured by passenger traffic. It is the leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. London's universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted three modern Summer Olympic Games. London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2016 municipal population (corresponding to Greater London) was 8,787,892, the most populous of any city in the European Union", "title": "London" }, { "id": "2932588", "text": "prime meridian. In 1960, the International Radio Consultative Committee formalized the concept of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), which became the new international civil time standard. UTC is, within about 1 second, mean solar time at 0°. UTC does not observe daylight saving time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, but GMT is no longer precisely defined by the scientific community. UTC is one of several closely related successors to GMT. Standard time zones in the United States are currently defined at the federal level by law 15 USC §260. The federal law also establishes the transition dates", "title": "Time in the United States" }, { "id": "163288", "text": "the time of year. Several countries define their local time by reference to Greenwich Mean Time. Some examples are: Greenwich Mean Time is used as standard time in the following countries, which also advance their clock one hour (GMT+1) in summer. Country subdivisions or dependent territories: Greenwich Mean Time is used as standard time year around in the following countries and areas: Since legal, political, social and economic criteria in addition to physical or geographical criteria are used in the drawing of time zones, actual time zones do not precisely adhere to meridian lines. The 'GMT' time zone, were it", "title": "Greenwich Mean Time" }, { "id": "236639", "text": "a major international air transport hub with the busiest city airspace in the world. Eight airports use the word \"London\" in their name, but most traffic passes through six of these. Additionally, various other airports also serve London, catering primarily to general aviation flights. The London Underground, commonly referred to as the Tube, is the oldest and third longest metro system in the world. The system serves 270 stations and was formed from several private companies, including the world's first underground electric line, the City and South London Railway. It dates from 1863. Over four million journeys are made every", "title": "London" }, { "id": "432517", "text": "time zone boundaries far to the west of their meridians. The main reason for this is that similar working day schedules around the world have led to people rising on average at 07:00 clock time and going to bed at 23:00 clock time. Another reason is that it can allow the more efficient use of sunlight. This means that the middle of the period that people are awake (\"\"awake time noon\"\") occurs at 15:00 (= [7 + 23]/2) clock time, whereas - if using as clock time the time of the nautical time zone to which the location concerned geographically", "title": "Time zone" }, { "id": "420756", "text": "Buses and trams share a common fare and ticketing regime, and the DLR, Overground, Underground, and National Rail services another. Rail service fares in the capital are calculated by a zonal fare system. London is divided into eleven fare zones, with every station on the London Underground, London Overground, Docklands Light Railway and, since 2007, on National Rail services, being in one, or in some cases, two zones. The zones are mostly concentric rings of increasing size emanating from the centre of London. They are (in order): Superimposed on these mode-specific regimes is the Travelcard system, which provides zonal tickets", "title": "Transport for London" }, { "id": "19945241", "text": "at 2:00 a.m. UTC on 20 January, and it was broadcast in over 550 theatres in the United States starting at 9:00 p.m. EST and 6:00 p.m. PST on 19 January. The film was shot in a single take with one camera. The running time is approximately 100 minutes. After the live showing, Harrelson participated in a question and answer session. In addition to Harrelson, Wilson and Nelson, Zrinka Cvitešić were also cast. The film officially premiered in London on 27 January 2017. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 75% based on 8", "title": "Lost in London" }, { "id": "837005", "text": "crossing the river, and was also inspired by the 1951 Festival of Britain. The band's biographer, Nick Hasted said the song \"has made millions contemplatively pause around Waterloo, a busy urban area the record gives a sacred glow.\" Citations Sources London Waterloo station Waterloo station (), also known as London Waterloo, is a central London terminus on the National Rail network in the United Kingdom, located in the Waterloo area of the London Borough of Lambeth. It is connected to a London Underground station of the same name and is adjacent to Waterloo East station on the South Eastern main", "title": "London Waterloo station" }, { "id": "8512254", "text": "to news broadcasts as occurring in \"Calcutta time\". Calcutta Time Calcutta time was one of the two time zones established in British India in 1884. It was established during the International Meridian Conference held at Washington, D.C. in the United States. It was decided that India had two time zones: Calcutta (now Kolkata) would use the 90th meridian east and Bombay (Mumbai) the 75th meridian east. Calcutta time was described as being 24 minutes ahead of Indian standard time and one hour and three minutes ahead of Bombay standard time (UTC+5:54). It has also been described as 32 minutes and", "title": "Calcutta Time" }, { "id": "163289", "text": "drawn by purely geographical terms, would consist of the area between meridians 7°30'W and 7°30'E. As a result, there are European locales that despite lying in an area with a 'physical' UTC time use another time zone (UTC+1 in particular); conversely, there are European areas that use UTC, even though their 'physical' time zone is UTC−1 (e.g., most of Portugal), or UTC−2 (the westernmost part of Iceland). Because the UTC time zone in Europe is 'shifted' to the west, Lowestoft in the United Kingdom at only 1°45'E is the easternmost settlement in Europe in which UTC is applied. Following is", "title": "Greenwich Mean Time" }, { "id": "11198555", "text": "London meet its European Union (EU) air pollution obligations—specifically the EU Air Quality Framework Directive—as part of the Mayor's programme to make London the greenest city in the world. Despite some opposition, on 9 May 2007 the Mayor confirmed that he would proceed with a London Low Emission Zone, focused entirely on vehicle emissions, that plans to reduce emissions overall by 16% by 2012. The LEZ came into operation on 4 February 2008 with a phased introduction of further provisions as increasingly tough emissions standards apply. Vehicles registered after October 2001 are generally compliant with the first stages of the", "title": "London low emission zone" }, { "id": "1734946", "text": "Carlton Television Carlton Television (now part of the non-franchised ITV London region) was the ITV franchise holder for London and the surrounding counties from 9.25am every Monday to 5.15pm every Friday. The company is now managed with London Weekend Television as a single entity (ITV London), but the two companies are still separately licensed. The station is owned and operated by ITV plc under the licensee of \"ITV Broadcasting Limited\". Carlton has been branded on air as 'ITV1' since 28 October 2002, and as 'ITV' since 14 January 2013. Carlton legally exists as Carlton Television Ltd. This company is, along", "title": "Carlton Television" } ]	what is the name of the time zone for london
[ "31 May 2009" ]	[ { "id": "9120358", "text": "contains a memorial tablet to her father. Barbara died on 16 October 2007 in Truro, Cornwall, at the age of 96. Her funeral was held 5 November at Truro Cathedral. To avoid unwanted attention and maintain privacy, Barbara insisted that her funeral take place before any public announcement of her death. Barbara's death made Millvina Dean, then 95, of Southampton, England, the last living survivor of the \"Titanic\" sinking; Dean died 19 months later. Barbara West Barbara Joyce Dainton (née West; 24 May 1911 – 16 October 2007) was the penultimate remaining survivor of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\"", "title": "Barbara West" }, { "id": "9034713", "text": "Millvina Dean Eliza Gladys \"Millvina\" Dean (2 February 1912 – 31 May 2009) was a British civil servant, cartographer, and the last survivor of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\" on 15 April 1912. At two months old, she was also the youngest passenger aboard. Dean was born in Branscombe, England, on 2 February 1912 to Bertram Frank Dean (1886–1912) and Georgette Eva Light (1879–1975). She had an older brother, Bertram Vere Dean, born 21 May 1910. She never married and had no children. Her father died on the \"Titanic\"; her mother died on 16 September 1975, aged 96; and", "title": "Millvina Dean" }, { "id": "3982402", "text": "on April 15, 1964, the 52nd anniversary of the sinking, at the age of 90. Her brother Felix, who never married and with whom Lillian lived, died of pneumonia on March 15, 1983 at the age of 73. Lillian died in her home in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, on May 6, 2006 at the age of 99. She was buried at the Old Swedish Cemetery in Worcester, alongside her father, mother, and brother. Lillian's death left two living \"Titanic\" survivors, Barbara West and Millvina Dean; however, both were less than a year old at the time of the sinking and neither had", "title": "Lillian Asplund" }, { "id": "3982403", "text": "any recollection of it. She was the last survivor who remembered the sinking, therefore upon her death first-hand accounts of the sinking of \"Titanic\" passed into history. After her death, the steamship ticket she had held for so many years was sold at auction in 2009. It was a part documents and items that were found in a safety deposit box after her death, that were connected to the disaster such as her fathers pocket watch that stopped at 2:19 am. Lillian Asplund Lillian Gertrud Asplund (October 21, 1906 – May 6, 2006) was one of the last three living", "title": "Lillian Asplund" }, { "id": "9189097", "text": "Edith Haisman Edith Haisman (27 October 1896 – 20 January 1997) was one of the last remaining and oldest survivors of the sinking of the RMS Titanic in April 1912. She was the last survivor born in the 19th century, although seven younger survivors outlived her. Edith Eileen Brown was born on 27 October 1896 in Cape Town, South Africa to Thomas William Solomon Brown and his wife, Elizabeth Catherine (née Ford) who owned and operated a hotel in Worcester. Edith was 15 years old when she and her parents boarded the RMS Titanic in Southampton, England as second-class passengers.", "title": "Edith Haisman" }, { "id": "20320669", "text": "later cremated. Aged 97 years, 6 months and 26 days, he became the longest living among the surviving crew and his death left only two remaining crewmen, Frank Prentice and Sidney Daniels. Frederick Dent Ray Frederick Dent Ray (June 20, 1879 - January 15, 1977) was one of the last remaining male survivors of the \"RMS Titanic\" and was one of the longest living among the surviving crew. Frederick Dent Ray was born in Southwark, London, England on June 20, 1879. He was the son of Charles Adolphus Hopson Ray (1847-1913) and Sarah Newport (1848-1919). In 1908, he was married", "title": "Frederick Dent Ray" }, { "id": "9927430", "text": "the passenger list, which included some names of people who cancelled their trip at the last minute, and the fact that several passengers travelled under aliases for various reasons and were double-counted on the casualty lists. The death toll has been put at between 1,490 and 1,635 people. The figures below are from the British Board of Trade report on the disaster. Less than a third of those aboard \"Titanic\" survived the disaster. Some survivors died shortly afterwards; injuries and the effects of exposure caused the deaths of several of those brought aboard \"Carpathia\". Of the groups shown in the", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "12455739", "text": "the site of the sinking who were among the original occupants of Collapsible A. When Fifth Officer Harold Lowe and six crewmen returned to the wreck site sometime after the sinking in a lifeboat to pick up survivors, they rescued a dozen males and one female from Collapsible A, but left the dead bodies of three of its occupants. After their retrieval from Collapsible A by \"Oceanic\", the bodies were buried at sea. The last \"Titanic\" body recovered was steward James McGrady, Body No. 330, found by the chartered Newfoundland sealing vessel \"Algerine\" on 22 May and buried at Fairview", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "16385824", "text": "Thomson Beattie, the third class passengers Arthur Keefe, Edvard Lindell and Gerda Lindell, and a couple of firemen) died of hypothermia or fell back into the sea. By the time the survivors were transferred into Collapsible Boat D, only about 12 or 13 people were left alive, Rhoda Abbott, who had lost her two young sons in the water, being the only female. Three bodies, including that of Mr. Beattie, were left in Collapsible A, which was allowed to drift off; they were not recovered until a month later, by , another White Star Line ship. \"Titanic\"s passengers endured a", "title": "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "10475593", "text": "and 333, who were among the original occupants of Collapsible A, which was swamped in the last moments of the sinking. Although several people managed to reach this lifeboat, three died during the night. When Fifth Officer Harold Lowe and six crewmen returned to the wreck site after the sinking with an empty lifeboat to pick up survivors, they rescued surviving passengers from Collapsible A, but left the three dead bodies in the boat: Thomson Beattie, a first-class passenger, and two crew members, a fireman and a seaman. After their retrieval from Collapsible A by \"Oceanic\", the bodies were buried", "title": "Passengers of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9187939", "text": "the only survivor that director James Cameron met while filming \"Titanic\", and as such, received royal treatment. She saw the movie three times including at a special screening with movie critics Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert. She became an instant celebrity after the movie's release and she had to change her telephone number to an unlisted one after receiving several phone calls every day from people hoping to speak with her. She died in Elgin at the age of 87. Her death left six remaining \"Titanic\" survivors. Eleanor Ileen Johnson Eleanor Ileen Johnson Shuman (August 23, 1910 – March 7,", "title": "Eleanor Ileen Johnson" }, { "id": "20921226", "text": "upset as she felt the prayers and the medal was what had saved her. Her account, shown below, of the sinking was published in \"The Times of London, The Denver Post, The Daily Times,\" and other United States newspapers. The account slightly differs in some papers with some continuing that the four men in the life boat were shot by officers, and their bodies thrown overboard. Shine married John Callaghan and moved to northern Manhattan, New York City where she lived until her death in 1993. Ellen Shine Ellen \"Nellie\" Shine was the last living survivor of the \"RMS Titanic\"", "title": "Ellen Shine" }, { "id": "16385817", "text": "resolved when Navratil's wife recognised them from photographs that had been circulated around the world. The older of the two boys, Michel Marcel Navratil, was the last living male survivor of the disaster. First Class passenger Edith Evans gave up her place in the lifeboat to Caroline Brown, who became the last passenger to enter a lifeboat from the davits. Evans became one of only four First Class women to perish in the disaster. In the end, about 25 people were on board when it left the deck under the command of Quartermaster Arthur Bright. Two first class passengers, Hugh", "title": "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "12455735", "text": "at only nine weeks old was the youngest passenger on board, died aged 97 on 31 May 2009. Two special survivors were the stewardess Violet Jessop and the stoker Arthur John Priest, who survived the sinkings of both \"Titanic\" and \"HMHS Britannic\" and were aboard \"RMS Olympic\" when she was rammed in 1911. Once the massive loss of life became known, White Star Line chartered the cable ship CS \"Mackay-Bennett\" from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, to retrieve bodies. Three other Canadian ships followed in the search: the cable ship \"Minia\", lighthouse supply ship \"Montmagny\" and sealing vessel \"Algerine\". Each ship", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927421", "text": "to retrieve the dead. Four ships chartered by the White Star Line succeeded in retrieving 328 bodies; 119 were buried at sea, while the remaining 209 were brought ashore to the Canadian port of Halifax, Nova Scotia, where 150 of them were buried. Memorials were raised in various places – New York, Washington, Southampton, Liverpool, Belfast and Lichfield, among others – and ceremonies were held on both sides of the Atlantic to commemorate the dead and raise funds to aid the survivors. The bodies of most of \"Titanic\"s victims were never recovered, and the only evidence of their deaths was", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9120351", "text": "Barbara West Barbara Joyce Dainton (née West; 24 May 1911 – 16 October 2007) was the penultimate remaining survivor of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\" on 14 April 1912 after hitting an iceberg on its maiden voyage. She was the last living survivor who travelled second-class on the ship. Barbara Joyce West was born in Bournemouth, England on 24 May 1911 to Edwy Arthur West and Ada Mary Worth. Ada had given birth to a daughter, Constance, in 1907, and was pregnant with a third child when she boarded the \"Titanic\". Edwy decided to start a new life in", "title": "Barbara West" }, { "id": "9189104", "text": "at age 104. http://records.ancestry.com/Edith_Eileen_Brown_records.ashx?pid=117308364 Edith Haisman Edith Haisman (27 October 1896 – 20 January 1997) was one of the last remaining and oldest survivors of the sinking of the RMS Titanic in April 1912. She was the last survivor born in the 19th century, although seven younger survivors outlived her. Edith Eileen Brown was born on 27 October 1896 in Cape Town, South Africa to Thomas William Solomon Brown and his wife, Elizabeth Catherine (née Ford) who owned and operated a hotel in Worcester. Edith was 15 years old when she and her parents boarded the RMS Titanic in Southampton,", "title": "Edith Haisman" }, { "id": "16385805", "text": "as the boat was being lowered and jumped in. Neshan Krekorian, an Armenian passenger from third class, is said to have jumped into Boat 10 as it was being lowered. Among the people on Boat 10 was the youngest \"Titanic\" passenger, nine-week-old Millvina Dean, who was also the last remaining survivor. She accompanied her mother, Mrs. Etta Dean, and her older brother Bertram. Two of those aboard were later transferred to another lifeboat, and it had 55 aboard when it met \"Carpathia\" a few hours later. It was the second to last lifeboat to be picked up, at 8:00 a.m.", "title": "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9412427", "text": "on April 14, 1944, the 32nd anniversary of \"Titanic\"s collision with the iceberg. Her loss seemed to push him even further into a downward spiral, and he committed suicide on September 20, 1945. He was found in an automobile at 48th Street and Parkside Avenue in West Philadelphia, his throat and wrists cut. He is buried at the Church of the Redeemer Cemetery in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. Jack Thayer John Borland \"Jack\" Thayer III (December 24, 1894 – September 20, 1945) was a first-class passenger on who survived and provided several first-hand accounts of the disaster. He was 17 years", "title": "Jack Thayer" }, { "id": "10175560", "text": "Jack Thayer, about how the world's mindset was forever altered by the sinking. Rare interviews with some of the few remaining \"Titanic\" survivors, including Edith Brown, Eva Hart, Ruth Becker (who had already died in 1990), Millvina Dean, and Michel Marcel Navratil; discussions with leading historical authorities on the sinking, including Charles Haas, John Eaton, Ken Marschall, Don Lynch and Robert Ballard; and excerpts from survivor's writings and newspaper articles accompany McCallum's telling of the story. The documentary is presented in two parts: The first half, \"Titanic: Death of a Dream\", encapsulates the first two hours. It tells the story", "title": "Titanic: The Complete Story" }, { "id": "9927416", "text": "\"en route\". \"Carpathia\"s lights were first spotted around 03:30, which greatly cheered the survivors, though it took several more hours for everyone to be brought aboard. The 30 or more men on collapsible B finally managed to board two other lifeboats, but one survivor died just before the transfer was made. Collapsible A was also in trouble and was now nearly awash; many of those aboard (maybe more than a half) had died overnight. The remaining survivors – an unknown number of men, estimated to be between 10–11 and more than 20, and one woman – were transferred from A", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9034722", "text": "copies. He made the edition available at €500 each and then challenged the director and stars of the film \"Titanic\" (1997) - James Cameron, Leonardo DiCaprio, and Kate Winslet - singer Celine Dion, and the corporations Sony Music, 20th Century Fox, and Paramount Pictures to match him euro-for-euro to support her with her bills. DiCaprio and Winslet led the way with a joint contribution of US$20,000. Cameron and Dion donated US$10,000 each. Millvina Dean Eliza Gladys \"Millvina\" Dean (2 February 1912 – 31 May 2009) was a British civil servant, cartographer, and the last survivor of the sinking of the", "title": "Millvina Dean" }, { "id": "10475588", "text": "the overturned Collapsible B) until they were rescued by Fifth Officer Harold Lowe. At 4:10 am, \"Carpathia\" arrived at the site of the sinking and began rescuing survivors. By 8:30 am, she picked up the last lifeboat with survivors and left the area at 08:50 bound for Pier 54 in New York City. Of the 711 passengers and crew rescued by the \"Carpathia\", six, including first class passenger William F. Hoyt, either died in a lifeboat during the night or on board the \"Carpathia\" the next morning, and were buried at sea. In the days following the sinking, several ships", "title": "Passengers of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9969187", "text": "poop deck, getting hold of the safety rail so that he was on the outside of the ship as it went down by the head. As the ship finally sank, Joughin rode it down as if it were an elevator, not getting his head under the water (in his words, his head \"may have been wetted, but no more\"). He was, thus, the last survivor to leave the RMS \"Titanic\". According to his own testimony, he kept paddling and treading water for about two hours. He also admitted to hardly feeling the cold, most likely thanks to the alcohol he", "title": "Charles Joughin" }, { "id": "9169629", "text": "Story\", in which she described her experiences aboard the ship and the lasting implications of its sinking. On 15 April 1995, the 83rd anniversary of the disaster, she and fellow second-class \"Titanic\" survivor Edith Brown dedicated a memorial garden plaque on the grounds of the National Maritime Museum in London. Hart died on 14 February 1996 in a hospice in London, two weeks after her 91st birthday. Her death left nine remaining survivors. In her memory, a Wetherspoon's pub in Chadwell Heath is named 'The Eva Hart'. Hart's connection to the \"Titanic\" and her active involvement in later years made", "title": "Eva Hart" }, { "id": "12455630", "text": "by numerous works of popular culture, including books, folk songs, films, exhibits, and memorials. \"Titanic\" is the second largest ocean liner wreck in the world, only beaten by her sister , the largest ever sunk, although she holds the record as the largest sunk while actually in service as a liner due to \"Britannic\" being used as a hospital ship at the time of her sinking. The final survivor of the sinking, Millvina Dean, aged two months at the time, died in 2009 at the age of 97. The name \"Titanic\" was derived the Titan of Greek mythology and meant", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "15885148", "text": "have estimated that \"Titanic\" will last no longer than 14 years, as of 2017. The soft organic material aboard and dispersed onto the seabed around the hull would have been the first to disappear, rapidly devoured by fish and crustaceans. Wood-boring molluscs such as \"Teredo\" colonized the ship's decks and interior in huge numbers, eating away the wooden decking and other wooden objects such as furniture, paneling, doors and staircase banisters. When their food ran out they died, leaving behind calcareous tubes. The question of the victims' bodies is one that has often troubled explorers of the wreck site. When", "title": "Wreck of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "20921224", "text": "Ellen Shine Ellen \"Nellie\" Shine was the last living survivor of the \"RMS Titanic\" who was an adult at the time of the sinking and the last living survivor of Irish background. Ellen \"Nellie\" Shine had been living in rural Ireland, near Newmarket, County Cork with her elder sister after their parents died. After her sister took in an orphaned infant, Shine was sent to the United States to live with her brother. Shine boarded the \"RMS Titanic\" at Queenstown as a Third-Class Passenger, to cross to the United States in order to live with her brother. There is confusion", "title": "Ellen Shine" }, { "id": "937298", "text": "Fairview Cemetery, Halifax, Nova Scotia Fairview Cemetery is a cemetery in Halifax, Nova Scotia. It is perhaps best known as the final resting place for over one hundred victims of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\". Officially known as Fairview Lawn Cemetery, the non-denominational cemetery is run by the Parks Department of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Fairview Lawn Cemetery is located in the North End of Halifax at the Northern End of Windsor Street. It is bordered by the Saint John Anglican cemetery on one side and the Baron de Hirsch Cemetery on another. A blockhouse was built at the", "title": "Fairview Cemetery, Halifax, Nova Scotia" }, { "id": "10670609", "text": "unused, and the six bodies buried at sea by the \"Carpathia\" also went unnumbered. Several recovered bodies were unidentifiable and thus not all numbers are matched with a person. Upon recovery, the bodies of 209 identified and unidentified victims of the sinking were brought to Halifax, Nova Scotia. Of those, 121 were taken to the non-denominational Fairview Lawn Cemetery, 59 were repatriated, 19 were buried in the Roman Catholic Mount Olivet Cemetery, and 10 were taken to the Jewish Baron de Hirsch Cemetery. The bodies of the remaining recovered victims were either delivered to family members or buried at sea.", "title": "Crew of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "8967304", "text": "Michel Marcel Navratil Michel Marcel Navratil, Jr. (12 June 1908 – 30 January 2001) was one of the last survivors of the sinking of \"Titanic\" on 15 April 1912. He, along with his brother, Edmond (1910–1953), were known as the \"Titanic Orphans\", having been the only children rescued without a parent or guardian. He was three years old at the time of the disaster. Michel Jr. was born on 12 June 1908 in Nice, France to Michel Navratil, a tailor and Slovak immigrant to France, and Marcelle Caretto, an Italian, who he had married in London, England. His younger brother,", "title": "Michel Marcel Navratil" }, { "id": "13932559", "text": "Joseph Philippe Lemercier Laroche Joseph Philippe Lemercier Laroche (26 May 1886 – 15 April 1912) was a Haitian engineer. He was one of only three passengers of known African ancestry on the ill-fated voyage of . He put his pregnant French wife and their two daughters onto a lifeboat; they survived, but he did not. Joseph's daughter, Louise Laroche (2 July 1910 – 28 January 1998) was one of the last remaining survivors of the sinking of RMS \"Titanic\" on April 15, 1912. \"LaRoche\", a three-act opera by Atlanta composer Sharon J. Willis, is based on his life and was", "title": "Joseph Philippe Lemercier Laroche" }, { "id": "12455714", "text": "shelters was provided by the Women's Relief Committee, the Travelers Aid Society of New York, and the Council of Jewish Women, among other organisations. Many of \"Titanic\"s surviving passengers did not linger in New York but headed onwards immediately to relatives' homes. Some of the wealthier survivors chartered private trains to take them home, and the Pennsylvania Railroad laid on a special train free of charge to take survivors to Philadelphia. \"Titanic\"s 214 surviving crew members were taken to the Red Star Line's steamer , where they were accommodated in passenger cabins. \"Carpathia\" was hurriedly restocked with food and provisions", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927311", "text": "cold shock and incapacitation. arrived on the scene about an hour and a half after the sinking and rescued the last of the survivors by 09:15 on 15 April, some nine and a half hours after the collision. The disaster shocked the world and caused widespread outrage over the lack of lifeboats, lax regulations, and the unequal treatment of the three passenger classes during the evacuation. Subsequent inquiries recommended sweeping changes to maritime regulations, leading to the establishment in 1914 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), which still governs maritime safety today. At the", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "19595831", "text": "and United States Senate inquiry into the sinking of the RMS Titanic. On 25 May 1912, just a few weeks after the sinking, Barrett was working on \"Titanic\"s sister ship where he was questioned by Senator William Alden Smith as part of an investigation. Barrett passed away in Liverpool on 3 March 1931 due to tuberculosis. Barrett is not to be confused with fellow crewmember, stoker Frederick William Barrett, born in 1876 or 1879, who perished in the sinking. Frederick Barrett Frederick William \"Fred\" Barrett (10 January 1883 – 3 March 1931) is best known as a survivor of the", "title": "Frederick Barrett" }, { "id": "15634476", "text": "an iceberg, and an inscription with the names of the musicians on the \"Titanic\", including bandleader Wallace Hartley, all of whom died. The original memorial was destroyed by the Luftwaffe's bombing in 1940 together with the library. A replica memorial, made in 1990 by W. Cornish of Woolston, was installed on the same site. It was unveiled by \"Titanic\" survivors Edith Haisman, Millvina Dean, Bertram Dean and Eva Hart on 7 March 1990. It is located on the side of the offices of Paris Smith, solicitors on the corner of Cumberland Place and London Road, in Southampton. After the \"Titanic\"", "title": "Titanic Musicians' Memorial" }, { "id": "10475576", "text": "and Frederick and Augusta Goodwin, who were moving with their six children to his new job at a power plant in New York. In 2007, scientists using DNA analysis identified the body of a small fair-haired toddler, one of the first victims to be recovered by the CS \"Mackay Bennett\", as Frederick's youngest child, 19-month-old Sidney. The Sages, Anderssons and Goodwins all perished in the sinking. The youngest passenger on board the ship, two-month-old Millvina Dean who, with her parents Bertram Sr. and Eva Dean and older brother Bertram, were emigrating from England to Kansas, died in 2009. She was", "title": "Passengers of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927419", "text": "reunited, but in most cases hopes died as loved ones failed to reappear. At 09:15, two more ships appeared on the scene – \"Mount Temple\" and \"Californian\", which had finally learned of the disaster when her radio operator returned to duty – but by then there were no more survivors to rescue. \"Carpathia\" had been bound for Fiume, Austria-Hungary (now Rijeka, Croatia), but as she had neither the stores nor the medical facilities to cater for the survivors, Rostron ordered that a course be calculated to return the ship to New York, where the survivors could be properly looked after.", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "1296442", "text": "Margaret Brown Margaret Brown (née Tobin; July 18, 1867 – October 26, 1932), posthumously known as \"The Unsinkable Molly Brown\", was an American socialite and philanthropist. She is best remembered for encouraging the crew in Lifeboat No. 6 to return to the debris field of the 1912 sinking of RMS \"Titanic\" to look for survivors. Accounts differ on whether the boat actually returned to look for survivors, and if so, whether any survivors were found. During her lifetime, her friends called her \"Maggie\", but even by her death, obituaries referred to her as the \"Unsinkable Mrs. Brown\". The reference was", "title": "Margaret Brown" }, { "id": "12455733", "text": "contributed to the rapid death of many passengers during the sinking. Water temperature readings taken around the time of the accident were reported to be . Typical water temperatures were normally in the mid-40 °F range during mid-April. The coldness of the water was a critical factor, often causing death within minutes for many of those in the water. Fewer than a third of those aboard \"Titanic\" survived the disaster. Some survivors died shortly afterwards; injuries and the effects of exposure caused the deaths of several of those brought aboard \"Carpathia\". The figures show stark differences in the survival rates", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927404", "text": "sides. Debris continued to rain down across the seabed for several hours after the sinking. In the immediate aftermath of the sinking, hundreds of passengers and crew were left dying in the icy sea, surrounded by debris from the ship. \"Titanic\"s disintegration during her descent to the seabed caused buoyant chunks of debris – timber beams, wooden doors, furniture, panelling and chunks of cork from the bulkheads – to rocket to the surface. These injured and possibly killed some of the swimmers; others used the debris to try to keep themselves afloat. With a temperature of , the water was", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "12455743", "text": "due to structural damage incurred during the sinking. Thus weakened, the remainder of the stern was flattened by the impact with the sea bed. The two sections are surrounded by a debris field measuring approximately . It contains hundreds of thousands of items, such as pieces of the ship, furniture, dinnerware and personal items, which fell from the ship as she sank or were ejected when the bow and stern impacted on the sea floor. The debris field was also the last resting place of a number of \"Titanic\"s victims. Most of the bodies and clothes were consumed by sea", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927418", "text": "ship was in the middle of a vast white plain of ice, studded with icebergs appearing like hills in the distance. As the lifeboats were brought alongside \"Carpathia\", the survivors came aboard the ship by various means. Some were strong enough to climb up rope ladders; others were hoisted up in slings, and the children were hoisted in mail sacks. The last lifeboat to reach the ship was Lightoller's boat No. 12, with 74 people aboard a boat designed to carry 65. They were all on \"Carpathia\" by 09:00. There were some scenes of joy as families and friends were", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927415", "text": "the collapsible boat to stand up to balance it. Some, exhausted by the ordeal, fell off into the sea and were drowned. It became steadily harder for the rest to keep their balance on the hull, with waves washing across it. Archibald Gracie later wrote of how he and the other survivors sitting on the upturned hull were struck by \"the utter helplessness of our position\". \"Titanic\"s survivors were rescued around 04:00 on 15 April by the RMS \"Carpathia\", which had steamed through the night at high speed and at considerable risk, as the ship had to dodge numerous icebergs", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "12455740", "text": "Lawn Cemetery in Halifax on 12 June. Only 333 bodies of \"Titanic\" victims were recovered, one in five of the over 1,500 victims. Some bodies sank with the ship while currents quickly dispersed bodies and wreckage across hundreds of miles making them difficult to recover. By June, one of the last search ships reported that life jackets supporting bodies were coming apart and releasing bodies to sink. \"Titanic\" was long thought to have sunk in one piece and, over the years, many schemes were put forward for raising the wreck. None came to fruition. The fundamental problem was the sheer", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927382", "text": "the air to control the crowd without causing injuries. No. 16 was lowered five minutes later. Among those aboard was stewardess Violet Jessop, who would repeat the experience four years later when she survived the sinking of one of \"Titanic\"s sister ships, , in the First World War. Collapsible boat C was launched at 01:40 from a now largely deserted area of the deck, as most of those on deck had moved to the stern of the ship. It was aboard this boat that White Star chairman and managing director J. Bruce Ismay, \"Titanic\"s most controversial survivor, made his escape", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "12455628", "text": "lifeboats. At 2:20 a.m., she broke apart and foundered with well over one thousand people still aboard. Just under two hours after \"Titanic\" sank, the Cunard liner arrived and brought aboard an estimated 705 survivors. The disaster was met with worldwide shock and outrage at the huge loss of life and the regulatory and operational failures that led to it. Public inquiries in Britain and the United States led to major improvements in maritime safety. One of their most important legacies was the establishment in 1914 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), which still", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "10260005", "text": "Helen Churchill Candee Helen Churchill Candee (October 5, 1858 – August 23, 1949) was an American author, journalist, interior decorator, feminist, and geographer. Today, she is best known as a survivor of the sinking of RMS \"Titanic\" in 1912, and for her later work as a travel writer and explorer of southeast Asia. Helen was born Helen Churchill Hungerford, the daughter of New York City merchant Henry and Mary Elizabeth (Hungerford) Churchill. She spent most of her childhood in Connecticut. She married Edward Candee of Norwalk, Connecticut and had two children by him, Edith and Harold. After her abusive husband", "title": "Helen Churchill Candee" }, { "id": "9034718", "text": "In October 2007, Dean became the last \"Titanic\" survivor following the death of Barbara West Dainton, who died at age 96 in England. In December 2007, Dean criticised the BBC and its television programme \"Doctor Who\" for including an episode with a starship \"cruise liner\" called the \"Titanic\", that was similar in appearance to the historical liner. Speaking from her nursing home, she said: \"The \"Titanic\" was a tragedy which tore so many families apart. I lost my father and he lies on that wreck. I think it is disrespectful to make entertainment of such a tragedy.\" A spokeswoman for", "title": "Millvina Dean" }, { "id": "627728", "text": "rises out of the water. The ship breaks in half, lifting the stern into the air. Jack and Rose ride it into the ocean and he helps her onto a wooden panel buoyant enough for only one person. He assures her that she will die an old woman, warm in her bed. Jack dies of hypothermia but Rose is saved. With Rose hiding from Cal en route, the RMS \"Carpathia\" takes the survivors to New York City where Rose gives her name as Rose Dawson. Rose says she later read that Cal committed suicide after losing all his money in", "title": "Titanic (1997 film)" }, { "id": "5134939", "text": "1912, the ocean liner \"RMS Titanic\" was en route in the North Atlantic to New York when it sank, killing 1,500 of the 2,200 people. On April 18 the rescue ship \"RMS Carpathia\" arrived and was met by some 40,000 onlookers. Immediate relief in the form of clothing and transportation to shelters was provided by the Women's Relief Committee, the Travelers Aid Society of New York, and the Council of Jewish Women, among other organizations. Two \"Titanic\" memorials are located in Manhattan. On April 13, 1913, the Titanic Memorial Lighthouse in Lower Manhattan was constructed on the roof of the", "title": "History of New York City (1898–1945)" }, { "id": "8932198", "text": "Archibald Gracie IV Archibald Gracie IV (January 15, 1858 – December 4, 1912) was an American writer, soldier, amateur historian, real estate investor, and survivor of the sinking of RMS \"Titanic\". He was the first adult survivor to die after rescue. He survived the sinking by climbing aboard an overturned collapsible lifeboat and wrote a popular book about the disaster, which is still in print today. Gracie was born in Mobile, Alabama, a member of the wealthy Scottish-American Gracie family of New York. He was a namesake and direct descendant of the Archibald Gracie who had built Gracie Mansion, the", "title": "Archibald Gracie IV" }, { "id": "16444730", "text": "had taken place in the month after the sinking, led to changes in safety practices following the disaster. The sinking of the , a trans-Atlantic passenger liner operated by White Star Line, occurred in the early hours of 15 April 1912 while the ship was on its maiden voyage from Southampton, UK, to New York, United States. The sinking was caused by a collision with an iceberg in the North Atlantic some 700 nautical miles east of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Over 1500 passengers and crew died, with some 710 survivors in \"Titanic\"s lifeboats rescued by a few hours later. There", "title": "British Wreck Commissioner's inquiry into the sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "16426370", "text": "Association at a cost of £150, it stands in the Sturt Street Gardens in front of the Mechanics Institute. The structure is an unusual example of Edwardian bandstand design with multiple oriental-style roofs. Most of the bodies recovered after the disaster were buried in Halifax, Nova Scotia. 150 are buried in three cemeteries: Fairview, with 121, Mount Olivet, with nineteen, and Baron de Hirsch, with ten. A simple headstone of black granite marks most graves, recording only the victim's name (if known) or the number of the body if the name was not known, and the date 15 April 1912.", "title": "Memorials and monuments to the RMS Titanic victims" }, { "id": "16426363", "text": "headquarters. A plaque dedicated to the ship's musicians is located in the city's Philharmonic Hall on Hope Street. A small \"Titanic\" Memorial Garden is located in the grounds of the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich. It was opened in April 1995 by Edith Haisman, at the time one of the oldest living survivors of the disaster. Another memorial plaque hangs in the Institute of Marine Engineers headquarters at 80 Coleman Street, listing thirty-eight names. The memorial is topped by a figure of Triton driving a team of four polar bears. On either side are sculpted figures similar to those on the", "title": "Memorials and monuments to the RMS Titanic victims" }, { "id": "8932211", "text": "his family and friends in 1940\", is titled \"The Sinking of the S.S. Titanic\". Gracie never recovered from the ordeal he endured in the sinking of \"Titanic\"; as a diabetic, his health was severely affected by the hypothermia and physical injuries he suffered. He died of complications from diabetes on December 4, 1912, less than eight months after the sinking. He was buried in the Gracie family plot at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City; many of his fellow survivors, as well as family members of victims, attended his funeral. He was the first adult survivor to die.", "title": "Archibald Gracie IV" }, { "id": "12455711", "text": "be 6 a.m. before the liner could arrive at the scene. Meanwhile, the , which was the last to have been in contact before the collision, saw \"Titanic\"s flares but failed to assist. Around 4 a.m., arrived on the scene in response to \"Titanic\"s earlier distress calls. About 710 people survived the disaster and were conveyed by \"Carpathia\" to New York, \"Titanic\"s original destination, while at least 1,500 people lost their lives. \"Carpathia\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s captain described the place as an ice field that had included 20 large bergs measuring up to high and numerous smaller bergs, as well as ice floes", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "10475592", "text": "identify and claim the bodies of their relatives. Some bodies were shipped to be buried in their home towns across North America and Europe. About two-thirds of the bodies were identified. Of the remaining 150 unclaimed bodies, 121 were taken to the non-denominational Fairview Lawn Cemetery; 19 were buried in the Roman Catholic Mount Olivet Cemetery, and 10 were taken to the Jewish Baron de Hirsch Cemetery. Unidentified victims were buried with simple numbers based on the order in which their bodies were discovered. In mid-May 1912, over from the site of the sinking, recovered three bodies, numbers 331, 332", "title": "Passengers of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "6191969", "text": "commanded her. Rostron and his wife had been visiting their daughter Margaret in Calne when he was taken ill. He developed pneumonia and died at the Cottage Hospital, Chippenham, on 4 November 1940. His funeral service took place at West End Parish Church on Thursday 7 November 1940. He was survived by his wife, Ethel Minnie, and their four children. Ethel died on 7 July 1943 at the age of 69 and is buried beside him in the graveyard of West End Church. He has been portrayed in various \"Titanic\" films by several actors. In the 1958 \"A Night to", "title": "Arthur Rostron" }, { "id": "9927363", "text": "when a wooden wall between his quarters and the third-class accommodation on E deck collapsed, leaving him waist-deep in water. Two engineers, Herbert Harvey and Jonathan Shepherd (who had just broken his left leg after falling into a manhole minutes earlier), died in boiler room No. 5 when, at around 00:45, the bunker door separating it from the flooded No. 6 boiler room collapsed and they were swept away by \"a wave of green foam\" according to leading fireman Frederick Barrett, who barely escaped from the boiler room. In boiler room No. 4, at around 01:20, water began flooding in", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "13247560", "text": "four days into the ship's maiden voyage, \"Titanic\" struck an iceberg and sank two hours and forty minutes later, early on April 15, 1912. The sinking resulted in the deaths of 1,517 of the 2,223 people on board, making it one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters in history. After nearly 74 years of being lost at sea on the bottom of the ocean floor, a joint Franco-American expedition led by American oceanographer Dr. Robert D. Ballard, discovered the wreckage of the RMS \"Titanic\" two miles (3 km) beneath the waves of the North Atlantic on September 1, 1985. Ballard", "title": "Timeline of United States discoveries" }, { "id": "16426364", "text": "Engineers' Memorial in Southampton. Most of the victims of the disaster came from the United Kingdom. No town was harder hit than Southampton; of the crew's 918 members, only 213 survived and 539 of those who perished came from Southampton. Many local churches and graveyards have plaques and small memorials to those who died. A year after the disaster, in April 1913, a memorial to the ship's musicians was unveiled but was destroyed by German bombing in World War II. It has since been replaced by a replica situated on the corner of Cumberland Place and London Road. The following", "title": "Memorials and monuments to the RMS Titanic victims" }, { "id": "20527080", "text": "apparently after a run-in with the police in Chicago. In 1933 he was still living in Los Angeles and with his military pension entered a soldier's home in Sawtelle, Los Angeles. He was drafted in 1942 to fight in World War II. Estranged from his family, Dorking spent his final days in prison on Terminal Island, San Pedro, California, and died April 12, 1954, on the anniversary of the sinking. Edward Arthur Dorking Edward Arthur Dorking (June 18, 1893 – April 12, 1954) was a passenger on RMS \"Titanic\" and a survivor from the sinking. Originally from England, he toured", "title": "Edward Arthur Dorking" }, { "id": "4865627", "text": "Titanic Historical Society The \"Titanic\" Historical Society, Inc. (THS) is a non-profit organization founded in 1963, whose purpose is the preservation of the history of the famous ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\", which sank in 1912, in one of the greatest maritime disasters in history. Headquartered in Indian Orchard, Massachusetts, (United States), its founder and president was Edward S. Kamuda, who died at 74 in April, 2014. Principal activities of the \"Titanic\" Historical Society include: For many years, the remaining survivors of the \"Titanic's\" ill-fated maiden voyage were honored guests at society's conventions. In 1992, the Society commemorated the 80th anniversary", "title": "Titanic Historical Society" }, { "id": "20320666", "text": "Frederick Dent Ray Frederick Dent Ray (June 20, 1879 - January 15, 1977) was one of the last remaining male survivors of the \"RMS Titanic\" and was one of the longest living among the surviving crew. Frederick Dent Ray was born in Southwark, London, England on June 20, 1879. He was the son of Charles Adolphus Hopson Ray (1847-1913) and Sarah Newport (1848-1919). In 1908, he was married in Berkshire to Annie Beatrice Burt (b.1855) and they remained childless. Aged 32, Ray boarded the \"RMS Titanic\" on April 10, 1912 as a first-class saloon steward for a monthly wage of", "title": "Frederick Dent Ray" }, { "id": "12455738", "text": "up in the curling rink of the Mayflower Curling Club and undertakers were called in from all across eastern Canada to assist. Some bodies were shipped to be buried in their home towns across North America and Europe. About two-thirds of the bodies were identified. Unidentified victims were buried with simple numbers based on the order in which their bodies were discovered. The majority of recovered victims, 150 bodies, were buried in three Halifax cemeteries, the largest being Fairview Lawn Cemetery followed by the nearby Mount Olivet and Baron de Hirsch cemeteries. In mid-May 1912, recovered three bodies over from", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "13932565", "text": "that Juliette gave birth to her son who she named Joseph, in honor of his late father. In March 1995, Louise stepped aboard \"Nomadic\" for the first time since 1912 when it carried her family to \"Titanic\" from Cherbourg, France. She was joined by fellow \"Titanic\" survivor Millvina Dean. That same year, Louise was present as the Titanic Historical Society dedicated a stone marker in Cherbourg commemorating \"Titanic\" passengers who sailed from its port. Louise Laroche died on 28 January 1998 at the age of 87. Her death left seven remaining \"Titanic\" survivors. Joseph Philippe Lemercier Laroche Joseph Philippe Lemercier", "title": "Joseph Philippe Lemercier Laroche" }, { "id": "9927384", "text": "safety in No. 4 boat at 01:55 but was refused entry by Lightoller, even though 20 of the 60 seats aboard were unoccupied. The last boat to be launched was collapsible D, which left at 02:05 with 25 people aboard; two more men jumped on the boat as it was being lowered. The sea had reached the boat deck and the forecastle was deep underwater. First-class passenger Edith Evans gave up her place in the boat, and ultimately died in the disaster. She was one of only four women in first class to perish in the sinking. Captain Smith carried", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "14057109", "text": "Margaret Mannion Margaret Mannion (5 November 1883 – 15 May 1970) was a survivor of the RMS \"Titanic\". Of Loughanboy, Ahascragh, County Galway, Mannion left from Queenstown with her fiance Martin Gallagher, best friend Ellie Mockler and Martin's friends Thomas Kilgannon and Thomas Smyth. On the evening of the third day, Margaret and Ellie went up for air. It was very cold, and they saw ice and icebergs. They eventually went below. They were getting dressed for bed \"when the ship took a very sharp turn which threw both of them to the floor.\" At 11.40 p.m., just as she", "title": "Margaret Mannion" }, { "id": "2542641", "text": "1,962 passengers and crew aboard \"Lusitania\" at the time of the sinking, 1,198 lost their lives. As in the sinking of \"Titanic\", most of the casualties were from drowning or hypothermia. In the hours after the sinking, acts of heroism amongst both the survivors of the sinking and the Irish rescuers who had heard word of \"Lusitania\"s distress signals brought the survivor count to 764, three of whom later died from injuries sustained during the sinking. A British cruiser , which had heard of the sinking only a short time after \"Lusitania\" was struck, left her anchorage in Cork Harbour", "title": "RMS Lusitania" }, { "id": "7759359", "text": "War I and was awarded the Croix de Guerre and the Legion of Honor. After the war he continued playing championship tennis. Williams, also a noted Philadelphia investment banker, was President of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Richard Norris Williams died of emphysema on June 2, 1968, aged 77 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. R. Norris Williams Richard \"Dick\" Norris Williams II (January 29, 1891 – June 2, 1968), generally known as R. Norris Williams, was an American tennis player and RMS \"Titanic\" survivor. Williams was born in Geneva, Switzerland, the son of Philadelphia parents Charles Duane Williams, a direct descendant", "title": "R. Norris Williams" }, { "id": "14576514", "text": "and with his last words tells her to resuscitate him should he drown before they are rescued. Captain Maine arrives to rescue Amy and Hayden, but Hayden has drowned by then. Amy and an unknown number of injured passengers whom Hayden ordered his helicopter to take (earlier in the film) are the only known survivors of the disaster. For the film, \"RMS Queen Mary\" docked as a hotel ship and tourist attraction in Long Beach, California was used as a stand-in for \"SS Titanic II\" during the departure scenes and some of its interiors. The ship had previously been used", "title": "Titanic II (film)" }, { "id": "18259188", "text": "will be declared dead even without any remains or doctor's declaration. This is under one of two circumstances. First, if a person was known to be in mortal peril when last seen, they can often be declared dead shortly after. Examples would be the passengers of the \"Titanic\" that were not rescued after the ship sank. Second, if a person has not been seen for a certain period of time and there has been no evidence that they are alive. The amount of time that has passed varies by jurisdiction, from as little as four years in the US state", "title": "Legal death" }, { "id": "10260019", "text": "biographical profile. In 2009, the newly appointed Ambassador to Cambodia, Carol Rodley, presented a copy of the reissued \"Angkor\" as a protocol gift to King Norodom Sihamoni on her arrival at the palace in Phnom Penh, Khmer. Helen Churchill Candee Helen Churchill Candee (October 5, 1858 – August 23, 1949) was an American author, journalist, interior decorator, feminist, and geographer. Today, she is best known as a survivor of the sinking of RMS \"Titanic\" in 1912, and for her later work as a travel writer and explorer of southeast Asia. Helen was born Helen Churchill Hungerford, the daughter of New", "title": "Helen Churchill Candee" }, { "id": "9189103", "text": "of the Titanic's wreck where attempts were made to bring a large portion of its hull to the surface. Before leaving the site, she threw a rose into the ocean where her father had died 84 years earlier. There is also a road named after her in Freemantle, Southampton, England. Edith died on 20 January 1997 in a Southampton nursing home at age 100. By her bed stood a photograph of her father in a straw boater, stiff collar, and bow tie. She remains one of the longest-lived Titanic survivors. Mary Davies Wilburn holds the record, having died in 1987,", "title": "Edith Haisman" }, { "id": "11379649", "text": "next to her mother at Sunnyside Cemetery in Milwaukee. The cemetery is located on Hwy 74 between Lannon & Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin. On the front of their gravestones are the following words: \"American Immigrants, Survivors of the Titanic Disaster, April 15, 1912\". Louise Kink Louise Kink Pope (April 8, 1908 – August 25, 1992) was one of the last remaining survivors of the sinking of the \"RMS Titanic\" on April 15, 1912. Louise Gretchen Kink was born on April 8, 1908 in Zurich, Switzerland to storekeeper Anton Kink and his wife, Luise Heilmann. In 1912, the Kinks decided to immigrate", "title": "Louise Kink" }, { "id": "16385787", "text": "and a fourth unknown person, possibly Second Class passenger Emilio Ilario Giuseppe Portaluppi) were pulled from the sea but most were already dead or dying. Hoyt died in the boat, while the other three survived. A few hours later Lowe rescued the survivors aboard Collapsible A, which was close to sinking, and brought them aboard lifeboat number 14. The boat rendezvoused with \"Carpathia\" at about 7:15 a.m. Among the survivors in Boat 14 were: Lightoller and Wilde lowered Boat 12 at 1:30 a.m. with about 30 people aboard. It was first manned only by Able Seaman Frederick Clench and was", "title": "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "17013922", "text": "the husband's jacket, which was given to her to keep her warm. It is reported to be the last written communication from the RMS \"Titanic\". Esther Hart (Titanic survivor) Esther Ada Hart (née Bloomfield) was a survivor of the sinking of the . She, her husband Benjamin, and their daughter, Eva, decided to immigrate to Canada due to the higher standard of living. The Harts boarded the \"Titanic\" on 10 April 1912 on its maiden voyage to New York City. They were second-class passengers. Esther expressed anxiety towards the ship, claiming that the arrogance surrounding it was \"flying in the", "title": "Esther Hart (Titanic survivor)" }, { "id": "12455624", "text": "RMS Titanic RMS \"Titanic\" was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early hours of 15 April 1912, after colliding with an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City. There were an estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard, and more than 1,500 died, making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history. RMS \"Titanic\" was the largest ship afloat at the time she entered service and was the second of three s operated by the White Star Line. She was built by the Harland and Wolff", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "10670608", "text": "this list are the nine-member Guarantee Group and the eight members of the ship's band, who were given passenger accommodations and treated as both passengers and crew. They are also included in the list of passengers on board RMS \"Titanic\". Crew members are colour-coded, indicating whether they were saved or perished.<br> Survivors are listed with the lifeboat from which they were known to be rescued by the RMS \"Carpathia\", on 15 April 1912. Victims whose remains were recovered after the sinking are listed with a superscript next to the body number, indicating the recovery vessel: Numbers 324 and 325 were", "title": "Crew of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "8380680", "text": "as a lost film, as the last known prints were destroyed in an Éclair studio fire in March 1914. Only a few printed stills and promotional photos are known to survive. It is Gibson's penultimate film, as she reportedly suffered a mental breakdown after completing it. The 22-year-old Gibson was a passenger aboard \"Titanic\"s maiden voyage, joining the ship at Cherbourg in France on the evening of April 10. She had been on vacation in Europe with her mother when her employers, the Eclair Film Company, recalled her to New York City to participate in a new production. On the", "title": "Saved from the Titanic" }, { "id": "627740", "text": "but in \"Titanic\" I finally got the balance right. It's not a disaster film. It's a love story with a fastidious overlay of real history.\" Cameron framed the romance with the elderly Rose to make the intervening years palpable and poignant. While Winslet and Stuart stated their belief that, instead of being asleep in her bed, the character dies at the end of the film, Cameron said that he would rather not reveal what he intended with the ending because \"[t]he answer has to be something you supply personally; individually.\" Harland and Wolff, the RMS \"Titanic\" builders, opened their private", "title": "Titanic (1997 film)" }, { "id": "1296453", "text": "her children were reconciled at the time of Margaret's death in 1932. During the last years of her life, she was an actress. Margaret Brown died in her sleep at 10:55 p.m. on October 26, 1932, at the Barbizon Hotel in New York City, New York. Subsequent autopsy revealed a brain tumor. Her body was buried along with J.J. in the Cemetery of the Holy Rood in Westbury, New York, following a small ceremony on October 31, 1932, attended only by family members. There was no eulogy. Margaret's fame as a well-known \"Titanic\" survivor helped her promote the issues she", "title": "Margaret Brown" }, { "id": "14048781", "text": "the colours being intended to evoke those of water and ice. Two of those who died in the disaster are thought to have travelled under false names, and are recorded with an asterisk next to their pseudonyms as their real names are still unknown. Titanic Memorial, Belfast The \"Titanic\" Memorial in Belfast was erected to commemorate the lives lost in the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\" on 15 April 1912. It was funded by contributions from the public, shipyard workers, and victims' families, and was dedicated in June 1920. It sits on Donegall Square in central Belfast in the grounds", "title": "Titanic Memorial, Belfast" }, { "id": "11379643", "text": "Louise Kink Louise Kink Pope (April 8, 1908 – August 25, 1992) was one of the last remaining survivors of the sinking of the \"RMS Titanic\" on April 15, 1912. Louise Gretchen Kink was born on April 8, 1908 in Zurich, Switzerland to storekeeper Anton Kink and his wife, Luise Heilmann. In 1912, the Kinks decided to immigrate to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, along with Anton's brother, Vinzenz, and sister, Maria. Louise and her parents boarded the \"RMS Titanic\" as third-class passengers on April 10, 1912, at Southampton, England. Anton and his brother were in a cabin on G-Deck while his wife,", "title": "Louise Kink" }, { "id": "3982394", "text": "Lillian Asplund Lillian Gertrud Asplund (October 21, 1906 – May 6, 2006) was one of the last three living survivors of the sinking of on April 15, 1912. She was the last American survivor, and also the last survivor with actual memories of the disaster. Lillian Asplund was born on October 21, 1906 in Worcester, Massachusetts, to Carl and Selma Asplund, both immigrants from Sweden. Her parents had lived briefly in Missouri prior to settling in Worcester. Lillian had a twin brother, Carl, and two older brothers, Filip, born in 1898 and Clarence, born in 1902. In 1907, the family", "title": "Lillian Asplund" }, { "id": "20072127", "text": "to high costs and a low amount of support for the project. The last \"Titanic\" survivor to pass away, Millvina Dean, had expressed her opposition to the project. Another replica ship based on the \"Titanic\" was announced and planned by Australian millionaire Clive Palmer. It too was referred to as the Titanic II. The ship's maiden voyage has been delayed from 2016 to 2018 and work on this replica is yet to begin. Deltamarin, the project's Finnish engineering partner, confirmed to Australia's ABC News in March 2015 that work at Deltamarin on the project had been halted. Furthermore, the project's", "title": "Titanic replica (Sichuan)" }, { "id": "12455731", "text": "set out to render assistance. She arrived well after \"Carpathia\" had already picked up all the survivors. The inquiries found that the ship seen by \"Californian\" was in fact \"Titanic\" and that it would have been possible for \"Californian\" to come to her rescue; therefore, Captain Lord had acted improperly in failing to do so. The number of casualties of the sinking is unclear, due to a number of factors. These include confusion over the passenger list, which included some names of people who cancelled their trip at the last minute, and the fact that several passengers travelled under aliases", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "12455746", "text": "of the sinking, photos were released showing possible human remains resting on the ocean floor. The photos, taken by Robert Ballard during an expedition led by NOAA in 2004, show a boot and a coat close to \"Titanic\"'s stern which experts called \"compelling evidence\" that it is the spot where somebody came to rest, and that human remains could be buried in the sediment beneath them. The wreck of the \"Titanic\" falls under the scope of the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage. This means that all states party to the convention will prohibit the", "title": "RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "2105435", "text": "and Mansfield, Ohio. The exact death toll is unknown, although the most recent evidence indicates 1,184, lower than the 1,517 deaths attributed to the \"Titanic\" disaster on the North Atlantic 47 years later. On May 19, 1865, less than a month after the disaster, Brig. Gen. William Hoffman, Commissary General of Prisoners, who investigated the disaster, reported an overall loss of soldiers, passengers, and crew of 1,238. In February 1867, the Bureau of Military Justice placed the death toll at 1,100. In 1880, the 51st Congress of the United States, in conjunction with the War Department, Pensions and Records Department,", "title": "Sultana (steamboat)" }, { "id": "6841727", "text": "Dorothy Gibson Dorothy Gibson (May 17, 1889 – February 17, 1946) was a pioneering American silent film actress, artist's model and singer active in the early 20th century. She is best remembered as a survivor of the sinking of the \"Titanic\" and for starring in the first motion picture based on the disaster. Dorothy Gibson was born on May 17, 1889 to John A. Brown and Pauline Caroline Boesen as Dorothy Winifred Brown in Hoboken, New Jersey. Her father died when she was three years old, and her mother married John Leonard Gibson. Between 1906 and 1911, she appeared on", "title": "Dorothy Gibson" }, { "id": "15885151", "text": "intact and undamaged dresser behind it. Robert Ballard has suggested that areas within the ship or buried under debris, where scavengers may not have been able to reach, may still contain human remains. According to Charles Pellegrino, who dived on \"Titanic\" in 2001, a finger bone encircled by the partial remains of a wedding ring was found concreted to the bottom of a soup tureen that was retrieved from the debris field. It was returned to the sea bed on the next dive. The longest-lasting inhabitants of \"Titanic\" are likely to be bacteria and archaea which have colonized the metal", "title": "Wreck of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "9927408", "text": "helpless, could in no way avert or diminish.\" Only a few of those in the water survived. Among them were Archibald Gracie, Jack Thayer and Charles Lightoller, who made it to the capsized collapsible boat B. Around 12 crew members climbed on board Collapsible B, and they rescued those they could until some 35 men were clinging precariously to the upturned hull. Realising the risk to the boat of being swamped by the mass of swimmers around them, they paddled slowly away, ignoring the pleas of dozens of swimmers to be allowed on board. In his account, Gracie wrote of", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "20434904", "text": "7 occupants were rescued approximately four hours after they were lowered from the \"Titanic\" by the \"RMS Carpathia\". Soon after the sinking of \"Titanic\", on 20 June 1912, Flegenheim married Briton Paul Elliot Whitehurst (born c. 1878). She and Whitehurst lived in The Hague, The Netherlands during the First World War but the two separated in this period. Flegenheim died in Frankfurt, Germany on 8 April 1943. Antoinette Flegenheim Antoinette Flegenheim (11 May 1863 - 8 April 1943) was a survivor of the sinking of the \"RMS Titanic\". Flegenheim was born Berta Antonia Maria Wendt on 11 May 1863 in", "title": "Antoinette Flegenheim" }, { "id": "10536388", "text": "the next four and a half hours, the ship took on the 705 survivors of the disaster from \"Titanic\"s 20 lifeboats. Survivors were given blankets and coffee, and then escorted by stewards to the dining rooms. Others went on deck to survey the ocean for any sign of their loved ones. Throughout the rescue, \"Carpathia\"s own passengers assisted in any way that they could. By 9:00, the last survivor had been picked up, and Rostron gave the order to get underway. After considering options for where to disembark the passengers, including the Azores (the destination with the least cost to", "title": "RMS Carpathia" }, { "id": "14048776", "text": "of those victims are recorded on the memorial. Subsequent research has established that in fact 28 victims of the disaster were from Northern Ireland, out of 36 people with Ulster connections aboard the ship. The remaining six victims were all men and comprised four crew members, one Second Class passenger and one Third Class passenger. Their names are not listed on the memorial. The memorial was originally located in the middle of the road on Donegall Square North. However, this caused multiple accidents, as drivers travelling around the square often did not see it or could not change lanes in", "title": "Titanic Memorial, Belfast" }, { "id": "9927365", "text": "that distress signals could be sent. They remained at their posts until the very end, thus ensuring that \"Titanic\"s electrics functioned until the final minutes of the sinking. None of the ship's 35 engineers and electricians survived. Neither did any of the \"Titanic\"s five postal clerks, who were last seen struggling to save the mail bags they had rescued from the flooded mail room. They were caught by the rising water somewhere on D deck. Many of the third-class passengers were also confronted with the sight of water pouring into their quarters on E, F and G decks. Carl Jansson,", "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic" }, { "id": "6132035", "text": "of arts and antiquities were consigned to go on the auction block at Christie's in June 2014, over three years after her death. Clark's nephew, Walter Miller Clark, son of James Ross and Miriam Augusta (Evans) Clark, along with Walter's wife, Virginia (McDowell) Clark, were passengers on the RMS \"Titanic\". He was among the 1,514 who died on April 15, 1912 after the ship struck an iceberg at 2:20 a.m. She survived and arrived in New York City a widow. Some of Mr. Clark's personal items were retrieved during an expedition to the site of the sinking in 1994 in", "title": "William A. Clark" }, { "id": "8456011", "text": "taciturn and quiet man, usually reluctant to speak about his experiences on the \"Titanic\". However, in 1958, he acted as a technical advisor for the film adaptation of Walter Lord's documentary-style novel, \"A Night to Remember\", and also gave a BBC interview in 1962. His health deteriorated rapidly in the 1960s, and he was eventually hospitalised. The last surviving deck officer of \"Titanic\", Boxhall died of a cerebral thrombosis on 25 April 1967 at the age of 83. According to his last wishes, his ashes were scattered to sea at 41°46N 50°14W – the position he had calculated as \"Titanic\"s", "title": "Joseph Boxhall" }, { "id": "12455629", "text": "governs maritime safety. Additionally, several new wireless regulations were passed around the world in an effort to learn from the many missteps in wireless communications—which could have saved many more passengers. The wreck of \"Titanic\" was discovered in 1985 (more than 70 years after the disaster), during a US military mission and remains on the seabed. The ship was split in two and is gradually disintegrating at a depth of . Thousands of artefacts have been recovered and displayed at museums around the world. \"Titanic\" has become one of the most famous ships in history; her memory is kept alive", "title": "RMS Titanic" } ]	when did the last living survivor of the titanic die
[ "June 15, 2018" ]	[ { "id": "1571218", "text": "third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes.[5] The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. The 7th season premiered August 10th 2018 and consists of 13 episodes. The 8th and final season is set to release on December 14th, 2018 and will consist of 13 episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. In Australia, DVDs", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "1571217", "text": "The series premiered on June 10, 2016, with Joaquim Dos Santos and Lauren Montgomery serving as showrunners. On January 5, 2016, Netflix announced that \"Voltron\" would debut in 2016 as an original animated Netflix series in partnership with DreamWorks Animation (DWA), part of an expanded multi-year agreement between the two groups. In February, teasers revealed the title of the new series to be \"Voltron: Legendary Defender\". On March 25, 2016, a teaser trailer was released, announcing that the first season, consisting of 13 episodes, would premiere June 10, 2016. A second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017. The", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "19322147", "text": "of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. A seventh season premiered on August 10, 2018 and consists of thirteen episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. The eighth and final season premiered on December 14, 2018, and consists of thirteen episodes. For millennia, the Galra Empire has plagued the universe by destroying other civilizations and enslaving various races.", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "19322152", "text": "2017. The second season saw a special premiere at the New York Comic Con in October 7, 2016, where an episode was shown at the \"Voltron\" panel. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes. The fourth season premiered on October 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The series was revealed at WonderCon 2017 to have a 78-episode commitment from Netflix. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consisted of 6 episodes. The sixth season premiered", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "15451024", "text": "on December 21, 2011. The second season premiered on October 17, 2012, and concluded on January 23, 2013. The third season premiered on October 9, 2013, and concluded on January 29, 2014. The fourth season premiered on October 8, 2014, and concluded on January 21, 2015. The fifth season premiered on October 7, 2015, and concluded on January 13, 2016. The sixth season premiered on September 14, 2016, and concluded on November 16, 2016. The seventh season premiered on September 5, 2017, and concluded on November 14, 2017. The eighth season premiered on September 12, 2018 and concluded on November", "title": "American Horror Story" }, { "id": "19322146", "text": "must learn to work together to form the giant robot Voltron and use it to defeat the evil Galra Empire. The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78-episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union, Latin America, Slovenia, South Africa, Italy and Finland. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "19322158", "text": "was published on January 31, 2018. The story takes place in between the episodes \"Shiro's Escape\" and \"Greening the Cube.\" Volume 3 debuted on July 11, 2018. The story is set between and . The first two seasons were released on DVD in Region 1 by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment on June 12, 2018, The first two seasons were also released in Australia on October 17, 2018. The series also scheduled for DVD releases in the UK, Italy, and Germany. To promote the series in between the release of season 1 and 2, a Robeast fanart contest was announced via", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "17369022", "text": "the premiere of the fifth season, Starz renewed the show for a sixth season, set to air in 2019. In Australia, all episodes are available to stream after their US airing on Stan. The show is available weekly after its US airing on Netflix in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In Scandinavia and Finland, all episodes are available to stream on HBO Nordic. Season 1 of \"Power\" received mixed reviews from critics. Review aggregator Metacritic gives the season a score of 57 out of 100, based on 15 reviews, indicating a mixed reaction to the series. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes", "title": "Power (TV series)" }, { "id": "19312254", "text": "Six (TV series) Six (stylized as SIX) is an American television drama series. The series was ordered by the History channel with an eight-episode initial order. The first two episodes were directed by Lesli Linka Glatter. \"Six\" premiered on January 18, 2017. \"Six\" was renewed for a second season of 10 episodes on February 23, 2017, which premiered on May 28, 2018, with the second new episode airing during its regular timeslot on May 30, 2018. On June 29, History announced they had cancelled the series after two seasons. The series chronicles the operations and daily lives of operators who", "title": "Six (TV series)" }, { "id": "19312256", "text": "re-shot. Also Christopher Backus had been cast, but left the project to be on the series \"Roadies\" before the series started shooting. Season two, which consists of 10 episodes, is being produced by a new production company, Six 2 North Productions Inc. Kimberly Peirce and Colin Bucksey are directors, with George Perkins the executive producer. Season two began filming on July 17, 2017, in Metro Vancouver, around Pemberton, and throughout British Columbia, and will complete filming on November 23, 2017. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an approval rating of 62% based on 13 reviews, with", "title": "Six (TV series)" }, { "id": "19322156", "text": "was released on August 2, 2016, followed by issue #3 on October 5, 2016, issue #4 on November 9, 2016, and issue #5 on November 20, 2016. The whole series will be collected in a graphic novel and was initially scheduled for a December 2016 release, but got pushed back to January 3, 2017, then was finally released January 25, 2017, according to Lion Forge. The second series will be announced after the release of the graphic novel. A motion comic of issue 1 with full voice acting by the series cast was released on June 15, 2017, at the", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "3650779", "text": "writing the sixth season as of Summer 2013, and that it would enter full-production in September 2013. They tentatively stated that Season 6 would premiere in Fall of 2014, or very early 2015 at the latest. This estimated season-debut date turned out to be extremely premature as Season 6 premiered at Midnight, February 1, 2016. Jackson Publick confirmed on Twitter that Season 7 of the Venture Brothers would be aired on Adult Swim in \"Summer\" 2018 . On June 27, it was confirmed via Adult Swim's Instagram page that Season 7 would begin August 5, 2018. Since the first season,", "title": "The Venture Bros." }, { "id": "18109427", "text": "launch of the joint venture and Hasbro Studios. The series debuted with a special prime time premiere of the two-part pilot on March 14, 2015, followed by the regular time slot debut, starting with an encore of \"Pilot\" Pt. 1, on March 21. Season 2 ran from February 20 to May 14, 2016. The six-part miniseries premiered on October 22 and concluded on December 3. Season 3 ran from April 29 to November 11, 2017. It was the third and final season. On January 13, 2015, it was announced that Cartoon Network has acquired the rights to broadcast the series", "title": "Transformers: Robots in Disguise (2015 TV series)" }, { "id": "20153045", "text": "Chicago Fire (season 6) The sixth season of \"Chicago Fire\", an American drama television series with executive producer Dick Wolf, and producers Derek Haas and Matt Olmstead, was ordered on May 10, 2017, by NBC. The season premiered on September 28, 2017 with a timeslot change from Tuesday at 10:00 p.m. to Thursday at 10:00 p.m. The season contained twenty-three episodes and concluded on May 10, 2018. The show follows the lives of the firefighters and paramedics working at the Chicago Fire Department at the firehouse of Engine 51, Truck 81, Squad 3, Ambulance 61 and Battalion 25. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude>", "title": "Chicago Fire (season 6)" }, { "id": "1571226", "text": "has produced soundtracks for three of its series which have been released exclusively on the iTunes and the Google Play stores. The first soundtrack release was on September 27, 2012 for the original Lions series with music composed by John Petersen. The second soundtrack release was on October 1, 2012 for the Third Dimension series with music composed by Stephen Martson and the third release on July 21, 2016 for the first season of the Legendary Defender series with music composed by Brad Breeck, Brian Parkhurst and Alex Geringas. Currently there are no plans to release any of the soundtrack", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "1571202", "text": "Voltron Voltron: Defender of the Universe is an Anime television series that features a team of space explorers who pilot a giant Super Robot known as \"Voltron\". Produced by Ted Koplar through his production company World Events Productions, Voltron was an adaptation of several Japanese anime television series from Toei Animation. The original television series aired in syndication from September 10, 1984 to November 18, 1985. The first season of \"Voltron\", featuring the \"Lion Force Voltron\", was adapted from the series \"Beast King GoLion\". The second season, featuring the \"Vehicle Team Voltron\", was adapted from the unrelated series \"Armored Fleet", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "16659616", "text": "Ultron\" made its world premiere at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood on April 13, 2015, and held its European premiere on April 21 at the Vue West End in London. The film was released in 11 territories on April 22, with its release jumping to 55% of its international market (44 countries) by the end of its first weekend, before releasing on May 1 in the United States, in 3D and IMAX 3D. In the United States, the film opened in 4,276 theaters, including 2,761 3D theaters, 364 IMAX, 400 premium large format, and 143 D-Box theaters. Many independent theater", "title": "Avengers: Age of Ultron" }, { "id": "9311243", "text": "and Saturdays 10:00 pm EST. Season 4 finished filming in fall 2008 and aired Sunday, 26 July 2009 starting with \"Billy and The Rev\" on OLN with an encore on 1 August 2009. In spring 2009, Citytv, another Rogers Communications-owned station began airing repeats in local affiliates across Canada. Season 5 premiered on 3 September. On the production company Bonterra, a season premiere party is scheduled for this night at a Toronto venue. It will air on OLN. Season 6 premiers 17 April. A pair of Yellowknife women were shortlisted as prey for the season. For Season 6, Bonterra announced", "title": "Mantracker" }, { "id": "19322151", "text": "consist of Steven Yeun as Keith, Jeremy Shada as Lance, Bex Taylor-Klaus as Pidge, Josh Keaton as Shiro, Tyler Labine as Hunk, Kimberly Brooks as Princess Allura; and Rhys Darby as Coran and Neil Kaplan as King Zarkon. Cree Summer later confirmed that she would be voicing Witch Haggar. The first season premiered on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. It was announced at San Diego Comic-Con that season two will premiere on Netflix in late 2016. A few months later, at New York Comic Con, it was announced that the second season will premiere on January 20,", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "19322150", "text": "universe from the Galra Empire. On January 5, 2016, Netflix and DreamWorks Animation announced a new original animated \"Voltron\" series to debut in 2016 as an expansion of their existing multi-year agreement. \"Voltron\" was one of several series planned for initial development and debut in 2016, including Guillermo del Toro's animated \"Trollhunters\". Lauren Montgomery and Joaquim Dos Santos, both known for their work on the \"\" and its sequel \"The Legend of Korra\", served as showrunners while fellow crew member Tim Hedrick served as head writer. On March 25, 2016, at WonderCon it was announced that the voice cast would", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "20153046", "text": "Live +7 ratings were not available, so Live +3 ratings have been used instead. Chicago Fire (season 6) The sixth season of \"Chicago Fire\", an American drama television series with executive producer Dick Wolf, and producers Derek Haas and Matt Olmstead, was ordered on May 10, 2017, by NBC. The season premiered on September 28, 2017 with a timeslot change from Tuesday at 10:00 p.m. to Thursday at 10:00 p.m. The season contained twenty-three episodes and concluded on May 10, 2018. The show follows the lives of the firefighters and paramedics working at the Chicago Fire Department at the firehouse", "title": "Chicago Fire (season 6)" }, { "id": "19354898", "text": "premiere during midseason, following a fall run of the new series \"Notorious\". Production began on July 13, 2016, with director and executive producer Tom Verica announcing that the crew was scouting for filming locations. The table read for the premiere was on July 26, 2016, with filming starting soon after. A teaser trailer was released on November 1, 2016 on YouTube. An official trailer for the sixth season was released by ABC on November 3, 2016. The season began airing on January 26, 2017. A promotional poster was released by ABC on November 29, 2016. On February 10, 2017, ABC", "title": "Scandal (season 6)" }, { "id": "1571221", "text": "\"Space Explorers Captured\", and several promos for other series. In Region 1, \"Voltron\" was released on DVD in its original broadcast form and remastered by New York–based distributor Media Blasters in eight volumes between September 2006 and July 2009. The volumes contain approximately fifteen episodes each, along with special features such as interviews with producer and director Franklin Cofod, and various others involved in the original and current productions. The first five volumes together contain all the Lion Force episodes, which were broadcast as seasons 1 and 3, while the next three contain the Vehicle Team episodes, broadcast as season", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "17014831", "text": "the series was given an additional 44-episode order. The second half of season 5 premiered on June 20, 2017 and ended with the season finale on September 12, 2017. On November 21, 2017, the series was renewed for a sixth season, which premiered on January 9, 2018, and the 1st mid-season finale aired March 13, 2018 and on March 13, 2018, OWN also announced the second half of the season, which premiered on May 1, 2018 and with the 2nd mid-season finale July 17, 2018. On July 17, 2018, OWN announced the third half of the season, which premiered on", "title": "The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series)" }, { "id": "18135474", "text": "nominations, the most of any series. It won 12 awards, including Outstanding Drama Series, David Benioff and D. B. Weiss for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series for \"Battle of the Bastards\", and Miguel Sapochnik for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series for \"Battle of the Bastards\". For the 7th Critics' Choice Television Awards, the series won for Best Drama Series. The season was simulcast around the world by HBO and its broadcast partners. While in some countries, it aired the day after its first release. On November 23, 2015, a teaser poster displaying Jon Snow was released on the", "title": "Game of Thrones (season 6)" }, { "id": "16770088", "text": "consisted of 12 episodes. A fifth season was announced on 6 June 2016 and began airing on 27 February 2017 and concluded on 1 May 2017 with 10 episodes. Since there has been no announcement of a sixth series, the show is presumed cancelled. The television series has won the Royal Television Society Award for the Children's Drama category in 2013. It also won the Banff Rockie Award in the category for 'Best Children's Programme (fiction)' in the same year. In 2015 the television series won the British Screenwriters' Award in the category 'Best British Children’s Television'. The second series", "title": "Wolfblood" }, { "id": "15396162", "text": "episode had a 4.1 score. The fifth season premiered on Monday, September 23, 2013 scoring 14.98 million viewers and a 5.1 in the 18–49 demographic. The sixth season premiered on February 24, 2014 and was watched by 15.74 million viewers with a 4.7 rating in the 18–49 demographic. It was up from last season's premiere by .76 million viewers. The seventh season premiered on September 22, 2014 and was watched by 12.95 million viewers with a 3.9 rating in the 18–49 demographic. It was down from last season's premiere by 2.91 million viewers. The eighth season premiered on February 23,", "title": "The Voice (U.S. TV series)" }, { "id": "18581479", "text": "September 1974–April 1975 September 1975–April 1976 September 1976–April 1977 September 1977–April 1978 September 1978–April 1979 September 1979–April 1980 September 1980–April 1981 September 1981–April 1982 September 1982–April 1983 September 1983–April 1984 September 1984–April 1985 September 1985–April 1986 September 1986–April 1987 September 1987–April 1988 October 1988–April 1989 September 1989–April 1990 September 1990–April 1991 September 1991–April 1992 September 1992–April 1993 September 1993–April 1994 September 1994–April 1995 September 1995–May 1996 September 1996–May 1997 September 1997–May 1998 September 1998–May 1999 September 1999–May 2000 September 2000–May 2001 September 2001–May 2002 September 2002–May 2003 September 2003–May 2004 September 2004–May 2005 September 2005–May 2006 September 2006–May 2007 September", "title": "Top-rated United States television programs by season" }, { "id": "18135466", "text": "(played by animal actor Quigly). However, some of the special effects were created at Montreal's Rodeo FX studios which has won Emmy Awards previously for its work on the series. The sixth season saw the return of Isaac Hempstead Wright as Bran Stark, Kristian Nairn as Hodor, Ellie Kendrick as Meera Reed, Gemma Whelan as Yara Greyjoy, and Rory McCann as Sandor \"The Hound\" Clegane, who did not appear in the fifth season. Clive Russell, Tobias Menzies, Patrick Malahide, Richard Dormer and Paul Kaye also returned to the show as Brynden Tully, Edmure Tully, Balon Greyjoy, Beric Dondarrion and Thoros", "title": "Game of Thrones (season 6)" }, { "id": "17085085", "text": "season on July 25, 2014, which began airing on March 13, 2015. It was renewed in July 2015 for a third season, and in March 2016 the second and third seasons were split in two, making a total of five seasons. The series premiered in the United States on November 4, 2013, on Cartoon Network with two episodes. In Canada, it began airing on Cartoon Network on November 11, 2013, and on Teletoon on April 24, 2014. It began airing on Cartoon Network channels in Australia on February 3, 2014, and in the United Kingdom and Ireland on May 12", "title": "Steven Universe" }, { "id": "19539166", "text": "They planned to develop this series at least until 5 seasons, then the films will follow. The first episode was broadcast on April 8, 2016, with the second and third episodes shown on April 15 and April 22 respectively. It is shown every Friday, at 5:30 p.m. on TV3. Fourth, fifth and sixth episodes shown on July 22, July 29, and August 5 respectively. Seventh to ninth episodes are shown on October 28, 2016 for three consecutive weeks. Tenth to twelfth episodes are shown on December 30, 2016, January 6 and January 13, 2017. Thirteenth episode (last episode of Season", "title": "Ejen Ali" }, { "id": "19679129", "text": "in the \"Mansfield Park\" stage adaptation by Tim Luscombe, produced by the Theatre Royal, Bury St Edmunds, and the lead role Detective Sergeant Trotter in the West End production of the world's longest running play \"The Mousetrap\". He played Gerold Hightower in the sixth season of the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\". Eyre joined the cast of BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" as Josh Hemmings, a love interest for Lauren Branning (Jacqueline Jossa), in 2017. He finished filming on the show in February 2018. Eddie Eyre Eddie Eyre (born Eddie Wilson on 24 July 1988) is a British actor who is", "title": "Eddie Eyre" }, { "id": "18135459", "text": "Max von Sydow, Pilou Asbæk and Essie Davis. Critics praised its production values, writing, plot development, and cast. \"Game of Thrones\" received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards, with 23 nominations, and won twelve, including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row. U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season, and by approximately 13% over its course, from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The recurring actors listed here are those who appeared in season 6. They are listed by the region in which they first appear: The writing staff", "title": "Game of Thrones (season 6)" }, { "id": "17014830", "text": "OWN's history, and also came in first among all of cable television and number 4 among all shows on television for the night it aired. The mid-season premiere aired on May 27, 2014. The third season of the series premiered on January 6, 2015. The second half premiered on June 30, 2015. The fourth season of the series premiered on January 5, 2016 and the second half premiered on June 21, 2016 and aired through September 6, 2016. The fifth season premiered on January 3, 2017 and ended with the mid-season finale on March 14, 2017. On January 30, 2017,", "title": "The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series)" }, { "id": "20318973", "text": "it moved to CTV for its fourth and final season, consisting of eight episodes. The first season originally aired from January 29 to April 2, 2014, while the second season aired from January 19 to March 23, 2015. A third season premiered on June 20, 2016, concluding on August 22, and the fourth season premiered on July 31, 2017, and concluded on September 18. In the United States, the series airs on the streaming service Acorn TV, with the first season premiering on January 18, 2016, the second on May 16, the third on October 24, and the fourth on", "title": "19-2 (2014 TV series)" }, { "id": "15310994", "text": "portrayed Valerie Solanas, the real-life radical feminist and \"SCUM Manifesto\" author who attempted to murder Andy Warhol in the late 1960s, in \".\" \"Girls\" sixth and final season concluded on April 16, 2017, culminating in a total of 62 episodes. Since 2016, Dunham has been working on a second book that will be published by Random House. In February 2018, A Casual Romance Productions announced that it would be producing \"Camping\", a remake of the British comedy series of the same name for HBO, with Jennifer Garner in the lead and Dunham and Konner as showrunners and writers. On July", "title": "Lena Dunham" }, { "id": "2260950", "text": "produced by Nelvana and Treehouse in seasons 1–6, and 9 Story Media Group in seasons 3–5 in Canada, and Silver Lining Productions in seasons 1–3, and Chorion in season 4 in the United States. A sixth season of the series premiered on September 18, 2016, with a new main voice cast and theme song, and all new episodes being split into two 11 min. segments, rather than the original three 7 minute segment episodes. segments (see episode list for details). A seventh season of the series premiered on August 12, 2019; and again (like Season 6), in Season 7, the", "title": "Max & Ruby" }, { "id": "7563162", "text": "score of 66 out of 100 based on 26 reviews. The pilot episode was watched by 12.93 million viewers and achieved an adult 18–49 rating/share of 4.0/10. The second season premiered on September 30, 2012, to an audience of 11.36 million viewers, while the third season began on September 29, 2013, opening to 8.52 million viewers. In May 2014, ABC renewed the show for its fourth season, premiering in September 2014 to an audience of 9.47 million viewers. The series was renewed for a fifth season in May 2015 and for a sixth season in March 2016. On May 11,", "title": "Once Upon a Time (TV series)" }, { "id": "7833746", "text": "a Christian album after signing with Brash Music. Jordin Sparks Blake Lewis Melinda Doolittle LaKisha Jones Chris Richardson Phil Stacey Sanjaya Malakar Chris Sligh Stephanie Edwards Leslie Hunt Amanda Coluccio Sarah Burgess Sean Michel Sherman Pore Source – IdolsMusic.com American Idol (season 6) The sixth season of \"American Idol\" premiered on the Fox Broadcasting Company as a two-night, four-hour premiere special on January 16 and January 17, and ran until May 23, 2007. Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson returned to judge once again, and Ryan Seacrest returned as host. A new record of 74 million votes were cast", "title": "American Idol (season 6)" }, { "id": "18135476", "text": "released its \"Exclusive First Look\" issue, featuring an image of Bran Stark, who was noticeably older from his last appearance in season four, and with shorter hair. On January 22, 2016, three teaser trailers were released, with each teaser depicting the banners of the houses Targaryen, Lannister and Stark, and included voice-overs by Iwan Rheon as Ramsay Bolton, Jonathan Pryce as The High Sparrow and an unknown character speaking in Dothraki. On February 11, 2016, HBO released 28 exclusive photos from the sixth season, picturing several of the main characters during the season and confirming the fates of Theon, Sansa", "title": "Game of Thrones (season 6)" }, { "id": "19322153", "text": "on June 15, 2018, and consisted of 7 episodes. The seventh season premiered on August 10, 2018, and consisted of 13 episodes. The eighth and final season premiered on December 14, 2018, and consisted of 13 episodes. \"Voltron: Legendary Defender\" has received critical acclaim. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating for the first season, based on 11 reviews, with Critic Consensus being that \"\"Voltron: Legendary Defender\" honors its source material with beautifully expressive animation and impactful action.\" In reviewing the first season, Max Nicholson of \"IGN\" wrote, “DreamWork’s \"Voltron: Legendary Defender\" delivers exactly the kind", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "id": "17229580", "text": "Johnny Test (season 6) The sixth and final season of the American-Canadian animated television series \"Johnny Test\" originally aired on Cartoon Network in the United States. The season was announced by Teletoon on June 12, 2012, consisting of 26 episodes, with two segments each. In the United States, the season premiered on Boomerang on April 2, 2013 and on Cartoon Network on April 23. In Canada, it began airing on September 4, 2013 on Teletoon. According to the end credits, Warner Bros. still owns its trademark. According to Nielsen Media Research, numerous episodes of the season ranked first among the", "title": "Johnny Test (season 6)" }, { "id": "1571210", "text": "to adapt \"Albegas\" were aborted. In 1986, World Events hired \"Toei Animation\" to produce the one-off crossover television special \"Voltron: Fleet of Doom\", which mixed in \"GoLion\" and \"Dairugger XV\" footage with new animation. The special was made for the international market and, as of the middle of September 2016, it had not been released in Japan. After some initial interest, the computer-generated series \"Voltron: The Third Dimension\" was released in 1998, set five years after the end of the original Lion Voltron series. The series was met with a mixed response, due to various changes, such as the revamped", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "18077079", "text": "connection with Selina, and the only one who knows how to seal the Legendarium for eternity. The 6th season had 1st premiered in the United States on September 29, 2013 with the 1st episode \"\"Inspiration of Sirenix\"\". This season is formatted in HD and partially in 2D hand-drawn animation and 3D computer animation as with the 5th season. According to Nickelodeon season 6 was only shown with only 17 episodes of the entire season was moved to Nick Jr due to ratings were low. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Winx Club (season 6) The sixth season of \"Winx Club\", known on Nickelodeon as", "title": "Winx Club (season 6)" }, { "id": "17144335", "text": "would return for a fifth season, which premiered on May 26, 2017. The series has been renewed for a sixth season of 26 episodes which premiered in Canada on September 29, 2018. The series premiere of \"The Next Step\" set ratings records for Family, with at least 574,000 viewers on its initial broadcast—which set a record for Family's highest-rated original series premiere. On January 8, 2014, BBC Worldwide licensed the series to several international broadcasters, including ABC Me in Australia, Hulu in the United States, and CBBC in the United Kingdom. In Canada, the show also airs on Vrak in", "title": "The Next Step (2013 TV series)" }, { "id": "7882765", "text": "animated works. In 1988, the company released \"Denver, the Last Dinosaur\", which was met with positive feedback from parents' groups and was recommended by the National Education Association. \"\" was released in 1989. Despite being an International Film and Video Festival and a New York Festival Award winner, the show's run on television was short-lived. In 1998, WEP revisited the \"Voltron\" franchise with an all-new TV series. \"\" was the 3-D animated sequel to the original series, featuring some of the original voice cast plus actors Clancy Brown and Tim Curry. Despite winning a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Sound", "title": "World Events Productions" }, { "id": "16659627", "text": "of which $17.5 million came from IMAX theaters—the biggest ever. \"Age of Ultron\" also opened at number one in Japan in early July 2015 with $6.5 million, the highest opening weekend for an MCU release. , it is the seventh-highest-grossing film, and the fourth-highest-grossing 2015 film. Its largest markets were China ($240.1 million), South Korea ($78 million), and the UK, Ireland and Malta ($76.6 million). The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 75% approval rating based on 340 reviews, with an average rating of 6.7/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"Exuberant and eye-popping, \"Avengers: Age of Ultron\" serves as", "title": "Avengers: Age of Ultron" }, { "id": "14371999", "text": "Voltron Force Voltron Force is a pseudo-sequel to the 1980s animated series \"Voltron\" that was originally scheduled for a release in autumn of 2010. Eventually, the show premiered on June 16, 2011, exclusively on the Nicktoons television network to coincide with the premiere of the second season of \"\". It ended on April 25, 2012 with the episode \"Black\". Unlike the original Voltron series, the uniforms of the lions' pilots are of the same color scheme as their respective lions and this is the second Voltron series to do so after \"\". The series intro is narrated by Daniel (Vincent", "title": "Voltron Force" }, { "id": "14732255", "text": "shocking cliffhanger, which included the killing of fan favourite Nidge. The show was officially cancelled in 2017 when John Connors confirmed there would be no more episodes produced, despite early reports that the show would return for a sixth series following a year long hiatus. The fifth series was released on DVD the day after the finale episode aired. The series is only available to view in Ireland on the RTÉ Player for limited time only. In the United Kingdom, seasons one and two aired on Scotland's ITV franchise, STV. RTÉ International and the programme's producers signed an international broadcasting", "title": "Love/Hate (TV series)" }, { "id": "1494368", "text": "were expanded further, to include a 13-episode series of \"The Punisher\". In addition to the Marvel deal, Disney announced that the television series \"\" would release its sixth and final season on Netflix, as well as all five prior and the . The new \"Star Wars\" content was released on Netflix's streaming service on March 7, 2014. In April 2014, Netflix signed \"Arrested Development\" creator Mitch Hurwitz and his production firm The Hurwitz Company to a multi-year deal to create original projects for the service. The period drama \"Marco Polo\" premiered on December 12, 2014. The animated sitcom \"BoJack Horseman\"", "title": "Netflix" }, { "id": "14661653", "text": "which premiered on August 30, 2016. The eighth and final season premiered on April 25, 2017. In region 1, season 1 was released on DVD on March 8, 2011, season 2 was released on November 22, 2011, season 3 was released on October 23, 2012, season 4 was released on September 16, 2014, season 5 was released on June 16, 2015, and season 6 was released on December 15, 2016. Through the Wormhole Through the Wormhole is an American science documentary television series narrated and hosted by American actor Morgan Freeman. It began airing on Science in the United States", "title": "Through the Wormhole" }, { "id": "18967485", "text": "for a second season. Production began in June 2012 and ended in August 2012. The third season was announced on March 1, 2016 and it premiered on March 11, 2016. The fourth season began filming on April 20, 2017 and finished filming on June 13, 2017. The season premiered on November 3, 2017 on the new Keshet 12 channel. The fifth season began filming on March 25, 2018 and finished filming on May 22, 2018. The sixth season was announced by Yaniv Polishook on November 26, 2018. In April 7, 2015 the show premiered in United States under the title", "title": "Sabri Maranan (TV series)" }, { "id": "10416126", "text": "Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance:", "title": "2007 Utah Blaze season" }, { "id": "18762402", "text": "September 27, 2015. The series debuted in Canada on CTV on the same day as its American premiere. The episodes, about 43 minutes in length, were broadcast in standard and high definition. In Australia, it premiered on the Seven Network on October 11, 2015. The series was acquired by Alibi in the United Kingdom. Season two premiered on September 25, 2016. After the mid-season finale, it moved to Mondays at 10:00 p.m. on January 23, 2017. The third season premiered on April 26, 2018. After the cancellation, it was announced that the network will air the remaining episodes of the", "title": "Quantico (TV series)" }, { "id": "17043371", "text": "Mad Men (season 6) The sixth season of the American television drama series \"Mad Men\" premiered on April 7, 2013, with a two-hour episode, and concluded on June 23, 2013. It consisted of thirteen episodes, each running for approximately 48 minutes in length. AMC broadcast the sixth season on Sundays at 10:00 pm (ET) in the United States. The season premiered in the UK on Sky Atlantic on April 10, 2013. The sixth season was released on DVD and Blu-ray in region 1 on November 5, 2013. Season six takes place between December 1967 and November 1968, with characters struggling", "title": "Mad Men (season 6)" }, { "id": "10409701", "text": "3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter:", "title": "2007 Orlando Predators season" }, { "id": "16425120", "text": "Italy on Rete 4 on July 4, 2013, at 9:00 pm. The sixth and final season began airing on TCM in the UK, on January 7, 2018. The series is shown in Ireland on RTÉ One and in Germany on RTL Nitro, as of January 10, 2014, at 10:05 pm. It made its Canadian debut in English, in January 2014 on APTN, and in French on May 26, 2014, on Séries+. International broadcasters retain the rights to new Netflix-commissioned seasons of the show until their licenses expire. The first season of \"Longmire\" was released on May 28, 2013. It featured", "title": "Longmire (TV series)" }, { "id": "10409773", "text": "Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd", "title": "2007 Dallas Desperados season" }, { "id": "11775108", "text": "on his debut radio single \"Alone No More\", which debuted at number 1 on the iTunes Chart, the song also peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles Chart. \"Alone No More\" achieved Gold status in the UK in April 2017. On 6 May 2016, he released his second single \"Love You Better\", with his third being released the following year on 31 March. \"Baby\" (featuring vocals from Pixie Lott) saw its first live performance on the final of the sixth series of \"The Voice\" which was aired on 1 April 2017. The song has peaked at number 97 on", "title": "Anton Powers" }, { "id": "2067051", "text": "It recounted the story of how British Ministry of Defence Intelligence expert Jones had tried to warn that his government's September Dossier on Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction was inaccurate. On 9 May 2015 Grant gave a reading at in Horse Guards Parade, London. In 2016 Grant joined the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" in Season 6 as Izembaro. In 2017, he starred as Zander Rice, the main antagonist of \"Logan\", opposite Hugh Jackman, in which he gained positive critical reception for his performance. In July 2018, Lucasfilm announced that Grant would appear in \"\". That same year, Grant received", "title": "Richard E. Grant" }, { "id": "15144539", "text": "The world premiere was on Cartoon Network (Australia), airing on October 1, 2016. The U.K network premiered the series on October 8, 2016. The German Cartoon Network premiered the first two episodes on October 10, 2016. The series premiered in the United States on April 10, 2017. Original International air date: October 2016 – present Original U.S. air date: April 10, 2017 – present Overall episode numbers: 231–350 Having 350 episodes and 21 seasons, the franchise as a whole is the most number of episodes and seasons on all Cartoon Network original series. The first film is a regular animated", "title": "Ben 10" }, { "id": "19725450", "text": "the United States and Canada on March 25, 2018, and concluded on May 21, 2018. It was released worldwide on Amazon Prime Video in every other country where the service is present (except Canada, UK and some Middle Eastern countries) starting March 26, 2018. Amazon released most of the first season ahead of its broadcast on AMC. In the United Kingdom, \"The Terror\" premiered on AMC on April 24, 2018. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an approval rating of 93% based on 44 reviews, with an average rating of 8.55/10. The website's critical consensus reads,", "title": "The Terror (TV series)" }, { "id": "6594708", "text": "Tribble-ations\" was first released in the normal run of VHS issues as part of a two episode cassette alongside \"\" in the United Kingdom on October 1, 1999. A single episode release followed in the United States and Canada on July 10, 2001. It was released on DVD as part of the season five box set on October 7, 2003. Trials and Tribble-ations \"Trials and Tribble-ations\" is the 104th episode of the American science fiction television series \"\", the sixth episode of the . It was written as a tribute to the of \"Star Trek,\" in the 30th anniversary year", "title": "Trials and Tribble-ations" }, { "id": "3107026", "text": "DVDs in 2012 under the Warner Archive \"Manufactured On Demand\" model. Season 5 was released in Region 1 on November 27, 2012. Season 6 was released in Regions 1 and 4 on May 7, 2013. Season 7 was released on April 29, 2014 on Region 1. Seasons 1–6 have all been released under Region 2 encoding, while Seasons 1-4 have been released under Region 4 encoding. Without a Trace Without a Trace is an American police procedural television drama series that originally aired on CBS from September 26, 2002, to May 19, 2009. The series follows the cases of a", "title": "Without a Trace" }, { "id": "19312257", "text": "an average rating of 6.1/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"Six's\" well-crafted action and engaging characters are intriguing in spite of the show's trite premise and familiar narrative.\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 54 out of 100 based on 14 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Six (TV series) Six (stylized as SIX) is an American television drama series. The series was ordered by the History channel with an eight-episode initial order. The first two episodes were directed by Lesli Linka Glatter. \"Six\" premiered on January 18, 2017. \"Six\" was renewed for a second season", "title": "Six (TV series)" }, { "id": "17300981", "text": "all iTunes votes for the final episode were invalidated, with no net effect to the total outcome. Color key: The season six premiere was watched by 15.86 million viewers with a 4.7 rating in the 18–49 demographic. It was up from last season's premiere by .88 million viewers. The Voice (U.S. season 6) The sixth season of the American reality talent show \"The Voice\" premiered on February 24, 2014, on NBC. Carson Daly returned to host. Adam Levine and Blake Shelton returned as coaches for their sixth season, while Shakira and Usher returned for their second season after being replaced", "title": "The Voice (U.S. season 6)" }, { "id": "19374021", "text": "Once Upon a Time (season 6) The sixth season of the American ABC fantasy-drama \"Once Upon a Time\" was ordered on March 3, 2016. It debuted on September 25, 2016, and concluded on May 14, 2017. In January 2017, it was stated that the sixth season would end the main storyline, and for a seventh season, the series would be softly rebooted with a new storyline. Existing fictional characters introduced to the series during the season include Aladdin, Princess Jasmine, the Count of Monte Cristo, Captain Nemo, Lady Tremaine, Beowulf, Tiger Lily and the Tin Man. Original new characters include", "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 6)" }, { "id": "16507891", "text": "of what made the show so memorable in its first two seasons.\" Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 90% based on 19 reviews. The sixth season received mixed reviews from critics. IGN gave Season 6 a score of 6.7 out of 10, stating that it \"captured the show at its best and worst, with a strong finish redeeming months of dissapointment.\" Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 79% based on 7 reviews, and the average score is 6.83/10. \"Arrow\"s premiere episode drew 4.14 million viewers, making it The CW's most-watched telecast of any show on any night in", "title": "Arrow (TV series)" }, { "id": "10345327", "text": "Lost (season 6) The sixth and final season of the American serial drama television series \"Lost\" commenced airing in the United States and Canada on February 2, 2010. The sixth-season premiere was the first to climb in the ratings year-over-year since the second season, drawing 12.1 million viewers. The season aired Tuesdays at 9:00 pm from February 2 to May 18. The series finale aired on Sunday, May 23, 2010. The finale ran two-and-a-half hours starting at 9:00 pm; pushing the local news back a half-hour, followed by the previously announced post-finale special, \"Jimmy Kimmel Live: Aloha to Lost\", at", "title": "Lost (season 6)" }, { "id": "10345348", "text": "Lost (season 6) The sixth and final season of the American serial drama television series \"Lost\" commenced airing in the United States and Canada on February 2, 2010. The sixth-season premiere was the first to climb in the ratings year-over-year since the second season, drawing 12.1 million viewers. The season aired Tuesdays at 9:00 pm from February 2 to May 18. The series finale aired on Sunday, May 23, 2010. The finale ran two-and-a-half hours starting at 9:00 pm; pushing the local news back a half-hour, followed by the previously announced post-finale special, \"Jimmy Kimmel Live: Aloha to Lost\", at", "title": "Lost (season 6)" }, { "id": "8208043", "text": "Damian Kindler Damian Kindler (born May 31, 1968), is a television and film writer, director and producer. Born in Melbourne, Australia. Kindler's family later emigrated to Toronto, Ontario, Canada where he was raised. He currently resides in Venice, California. Kindler worked on MGM Television's \"Stargate SG-1\" and \"\" television series. He joined the \"Stargate\" production team at the start of \"Stargate SG-1's\" sixth season, eventually becoming a Co-Executive Producer for the series. In May 2007 Kindler launched the independent web series \"Sanctuary\", which was then picked up for television by The Movie Network in Canada and Syfy in the United", "title": "Damian Kindler" }, { "id": "10409878", "text": "Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th", "title": "2007 New York Dragons season" }, { "id": "1743784", "text": "his viewers as the 5th-greatest season in the series; Rob himself personally ranked it as the seventh-greatest. Survivor: The Amazon Survivor: The Amazon is the sixth season of the American CBS competitive reality television series \"Survivor\". The season was filmed from November 11, 2002 through December 15, 2002 in the Amazon and premiered on February 13, 2003. Hosted by Jeff Probst, it consisted of the usual 39 days of gameplay with 16 competitors. For the first time ever, the initial tribes were divided by sex. The two initial tribes were the all-female Jaburu (named for a native stork) and the", "title": "Survivor: The Amazon" }, { "id": "17089884", "text": "Monaghan, Emma Eliza Regan and Gavin Drea would also join the cast. \"The Dramatist\" aired on TV3 on 3 March 2013, with \"Priest\" debuting a week later. Filming for \"Shot Down\", the sixth episode of the series, and billed as the season one finale, began on 7 June 2013. The film is based on Bruen's novel \"The Killing of the Tinkers\". Episodes 1 through 6 are available in the US on Netflix Streaming as of 19 February 2014, episodes 7 througn 9 as of 10 April 2017. Iain Glen spoke to the \"Daily Record\" about his role as Taylor shortly", "title": "Jack Taylor (TV series)" }, { "id": "826646", "text": "\"The Simpsons\", and in 2015, he had a role in the sequel \"\". In 2016, he joined the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" in Season 6 as the Three-eyed Raven. In 2017, von Sydow joined the cast of Thomas Vinterberg's film \"Kursk\", based on the true story of the submarine accident. On 1 August 1951, Max von Sydow married actress Christina Inga Britta Olin (1926–1998); the couple had two sons, Claes and Henrik, who appeared with him in the film \"Hawaii\", playing his son at different ages. He and Olin divorced on 26 February 1979. He is currently in his", "title": "Max von Sydow" }, { "id": "4431882", "text": "Thoros of Myr in the sixth season of \"Game of Thrones\", and returned for the seventh season. In 2014, Kaye played Brother Lucian in the movie \"Dracula Untold\". In 2015 he played a criminal in the BBC drama \"The Interceptor\". In 2015 he featured as the drunken, haunted Naval Officer Harry Brewer in the National Theatre's revival of \"Our Country's Good\". He also appeared in \"Doctor Who\" as an alien funeral director. Kaye's other television credits include \"The Trial of Elizabeth Gadge\", an episode of Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton's anthology series \"Inside No. 9\", Netflix's first original TV series", "title": "Paul Kaye" }, { "id": "18392824", "text": "criticized by both critics and fans alike, and the band was dropped by its long-time record label Interscope in 2009. A year later, they signed a joint-venture deal with London-based independent record label Cooking Vinyl. \"Born Villain\" was released in 2012, and was heralded as a return to form. In August 2012, it was announced that Manson would play a fictionalized version of himself in a four-episode arc of the sixth season of TV series \"Californication\". While filming its season finale, Manson met the series' score composer, Tyler Bates, and the two discussed a potential collaboration. In May 2013, Manson", "title": "The Pale Emperor" }, { "id": "19377323", "text": "20, 2017 and in the UK and Ireland on November 30, 2017. The series formally premieres with two new episodes on Disney Channel on June 9, 2018, followed by two more new episodes on June 10, 2018, with weekly premieres every Saturday through September starting on June 16, 2018 with episodes airing at 7 a.m. starting on September 8. Big Hero 6: The Series Big Hero 6: The Series is an American superhero comedy animated television series, produced by Disney Television Animation and developed by \"Kim Possible\" creators Mark McCorkle and Bob Schooley. The series is based on Disney's 2014", "title": "Big Hero 6: The Series" }, { "id": "3108593", "text": "James Frain James Dominic Frain (born 14 March 1968) is an English stage and screen actor. His best known roles include those of Thomas Cromwell in the TV series \"The Tudors\" (2007–2009), vampire Franklin Mott in season three of the HBO drama \"True Blood\", as Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, in the BBC drama serial \"The White Queen\" (2013), as Ferdinand in \"Orphan Black\" (2015), Theo Galavan/Azrael in Season 2 of \"Gotham\" and as Ambassador Sarek in \"Star Trek Discovery (2017)\". Frain played leading roles in the BBC dramas \"Armadillo\" (2001), \"The Buccaneers\" (1995) and \"The Mill on the", "title": "James Frain" }, { "id": "16659619", "text": "of \"Avengers: Age of Ultron\" because despite the film's complexity, he was satisfied with the theatrical version and did not think it needed to be tweaked. Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on Ultra HD Blu-ray on August 14, 2018. \"Avengers: Age of Ultron\" grossed $459 million in the United States and Canada and $946.4 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $1.405 billion. It became the fifth-highest-grossing film worldwide and the fourth-highest-grossing 2015 film. \"Avengers: Age of Ultron\"s worldwide opening of $392.5 million was the seventh-largest ever. The film set a worldwide IMAX opening-weekend record", "title": "Avengers: Age of Ultron" }, { "id": "14783701", "text": "for eighteen episodes and was let go from the series as well. Rachel Nichols appeared as a guest star for two episodes and was then promoted as a regular, but was fired after the season finale. The opening sequence was changed as of this season: more sound and visual effects were added; the theme song itself was amplified, and an electric guitar part added. In the season premiere \"The Longest Night\", Tim Curry reprised his role as one of the series' most notorious criminals, Billy Flynn, also known as \"The Prince of Darkness\". Robert Davi reprised his role as Detective", "title": "Criminal Minds (season 6)" }, { "id": "18109429", "text": "On March 7, the series debuted on two versions of Cartoon Network, one available in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Malta, the other broadcasting in English to Greece, Greek Cyprus, the Middle East and Africa. In Canada, the show premiered on Teletoon on March 21. The series was premiered on May 23, 2015 on Cartoon Network India.The series also aired on Toonami in India in English and on Voot, a viacom18 app in Hindi dubbed version. Season 1 made its debut on CITV weekday morning lineup on January 4, 2016. Season 2 first aired on CITV in March 2016 in", "title": "Transformers: Robots in Disguise (2015 TV series)" }, { "id": "12801004", "text": "out of 100 (based on 29 reviews) on Metacritic. The sixth season has been praised by critics, though not as highly as its predecessors. It has a score of 73 on Metacritic (based on nine reviews), indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". The seventh season scored 77 out of 100 (based on twelve reviews) and was praised for its action sequences and focused central characters, but received criticism for its breakneck pace and plot developments that \"defied logic.\" Despite its otherwise enthusiastic reception by critics, \"Game of Thrones\" has been criticized for the amount of female nudity, violence, and sexual violence (especially", "title": "Game of Thrones" }, { "id": "19312255", "text": "are part of the U.S. Naval Special Warfare Development Group (DEVGRU), more commonly known as SEAL Team Six, which is one of the U.S. Armed Forces' primary counter-terrorism units. The History Channel aired an hour-long special entitled \"Mission Debrief\" on May 23, 2018, as a recap of season 1. Joe Manganiello was originally cast as Rip Taggart but left the series in April 2016 \"due to a 'manageable' preexisting health issue\". About a week after Manganiello's departure, Walton Goggins was cast as his replacement. All of the already done shoots with Manganiello's character, nearly two full episodes, had to be", "title": "Six (TV series)" }, { "id": "19568660", "text": "The Voice UK (series 6) The Voice UK is a British television music competition to find new singing talent. The sixth series began airing on 7 January 2017, with Emma Willis hosting the main show, and Cel Spellman presenting online spin-off show \"The V Room\". It is the first series to air on ITV since its move from BBC One. will.i.am returned for his sixth series as a coach, Sir Tom Jones also returned to the show after a series hiatus, replacing Paloma Faith, and Jennifer Hudson and Gavin Rossdale joined as new coaches on the show, replacing Boy George", "title": "The Voice UK (series 6)" }, { "id": "14419604", "text": "Hollywood Story special titled \"Life After Reality\" where she discussed her life now that Jerseylicious has ended. Season 6 was not released on television after Style Network went off the air. On June 18, 2017 Season 6 was made available on E! On Demand in the US. The series' premiere episode gained 300,000 total viewers and posted a 0.42 rating within the women 18-to-34 demographic. The season two finale rose to 925,000 viewers, the most-watched season-ender to-date of any series on the Style Network. The third season debut episode averaged 665,000 viewers. Season 4 premiered with a total of 668,000", "title": "Jerseylicious" }, { "id": "13402982", "text": "critics as weaker than earlier seasons, despite still receiving generally favorable reviews. The season ranked fifty-second in the season ratings with an average of 7.80 million viewers per episode, marking a steep drop in the ratings from the previous season which had an average of nine million viewers. The sixth season of \"The Office\" aired on Thursdays at 9:00 p.m. (Eastern) in the United States. The season was released on DVD by Universal Studios Home Entertainment in a four-disc box set in the Region 1 area on September 7, 2010. The DVD set contains all 26 episodes, as well as", "title": "The Office (U.S. season 6)" }, { "id": "1571223", "text": "by Manga Entertainment. According to TVShowsOnDVD.com, \"Voltron: The Third Dimension\" was to be released on DVD at some point, but no release date has been announced currently. Media Blasters also released the two Japanese shows that made up \"Voltron\" — \"Beast King GoLion\" and \"Armored Fleet Dairugger XV\" — each in their original, unedited Japanese form, with English subtitles. Volume 1 of \"GoLion\" was released on May 27, 2008, Volume 2 on August 12, 2008, and Volume 3 on November 25, 2008. \"GoLion\" was re-released as a complete chronology set with all 52 episodes on April 13, 2010. The first", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "18940128", "text": "initial eight episodes of the series with the first program premiering on Monday, June 22, 2015, at 10pm ET. Season two premiered on February 16, 2016 and increased to 10 episodes. The third season premiered with a \"champion of champions\" match on August 23, 2016, and was announced as having 16 episodes. The fourth season premiered on April 11, 2017, with a \"Judges' Pick\" episode in which the four judges (Neilson, Knight, Baker, Marcaida) each selected one smith from past seasons to compete again. The fifth season premiered on March 7, 2018. On April 17, 2018, a spin-off series titled", "title": "Forged in Fire (TV series)" }, { "id": "16597382", "text": "Ray Donovan Ray Donovan is an American television crime drama series created by Ann Biderman for Showtime. The twelve-episode first season premiered on June 30, 2013. The pilot episode broke viewership records, becoming the biggest premiere of all time on Showtime. Showtime renewed the show for a fourth season, which premiered on June 26, 2016. On August 11, 2016, Showtime renewed the show for a fifth season, which premiered on August 6, 2017. On October 23, 2017, the series was renewed for a 12-episode sixth season, filmed in New York City, which premiered on October 28, 2018. The drama is", "title": "Ray Donovan" }, { "id": "15929429", "text": "screened in spring 2012; the third series was filmed in summer 2012 and broadcast in March 2013. The fourth series aired in January–March 2014. Actress Rhian Blythe won a BAFTA Cymru Best Actress award for her role in the 2014 series of the show. Siw Hughes was nominated for the same award. Series 5 of the show was broadcast during January–March 2015. Series 6, featuring mostly all new characters at a new school, started broadcast on 20 January 2016, with Series 7, directly continuing the story, starting on 7 September 2016. Series 8 was broadcast from 11 January 2017 to", "title": "Gwaith/Cartref" }, { "id": "7882763", "text": "Kickboxing. The shows were produced and distributed nationally from St Louis, Las Vegas, and New York's Madison Square Garden. In 1983, while attending a science fiction convention, Ted Koplar discovered the anime series \"Beast King GoLion\" and saw a potential in distributing it on U.S. television. WEP licensed the series from Toei Animation and released it in 1984 in an edited and English-dubbed form as \"Voltron\". The show was met with high ratings nationwide. After airing all episodes of \"GoLion\", WEP adapted \"Armored Fleet Dairugger XV\" into the second season of \"Voltron\". Unfortunately, the second season lacked the ratings of", "title": "World Events Productions" }, { "id": "17387609", "text": "finale. On September 9, 2015, Naomi revealed on Twitter that she had been taken off the main cast after the season four finale, which aired on September 29. \"WWE Tough Enough\" runner-up Mandy Rose joined the cast for season five. Season 5 was announced on October 6, 2015, which started airing on January 19, 2016 with majority of last season's cast returning. Naomi was officially removed from the main cast with Mandy taking her place and Rosa Mendes returning as a series regular. Season 6 was officially confirmed on April 18, 2016, by the E! Network with a fall premiere", "title": "Total Divas" }, { "id": "18202972", "text": "Chris Wood (actor) Christopher Charles Wood (born April 14, 1988) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Malachai Parker in the sixth season of the CW's television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in 2014, after previously appearing on The CW's \"The Carrie Diaries\" in the role of writer Adam Weaver in 2013. He also starred in the 2016 CW television series \"Containment\" in the leading role of Atlanta police officer Jake Riley. From 2016 to 2018, he played Mon-El on the CW superhero series \"Supergirl\". Wood was born in Dublin, Ohio. He attended Elon University in Elon,", "title": "Chris Wood (actor)" }, { "id": "17627427", "text": "Adore Delano Daniel Anthony \"Danny\" Noriega, better known by the stage name Adore Delano, (born September 29, 1989) is an American drag queen, singer-songwriter, and television personality. Noriega appeared as a contestant on the seventh season of \"American Idol\" in 2008 and later competed—as Adore Delano—in the sixth season of \"RuPaul's Drag Race\", becoming a favourite among fans and ultimately making it into the final three. Delano has recorded and released three studio albums: \"Till Death Do Us Party\" in 2014, \"After Party\" in 2016, and \"Whatever\" in 2017. Noriega was raised in Azusa, California, where they attended Sierra High", "title": "Adore Delano" }, { "id": "14521212", "text": "on 1 January 2014. Sherlock and Dr. Watson must stop a planned terrorist attack against the House of Lords on 5 November, where a late-night hearing on an anti-terrorist bill is being held. \"The Winds of Winter\" is the tenth and final episode of the sixth season of HBO's fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones.\" In King's Landing, Cersei Lannister (Lena Headey) sets off wildfire beneath the Great Sept, killing its occupants, including the High Sparrow (Jonathan Pryce) and Queen Margaery Tyrell (Natalie Dormer). In October/November 2017, the BBC broadcast the 3-part drama \"Gunpowder\", starring Kit Harington as Robert Catesby.", "title": "Gunpowder Plot in popular culture" }, { "id": "17792435", "text": "1907: 1908: 1909: 1910: 1911: 1912: 1913: 1914: 1915: 1917: 1918: 1920: 1921: 1922: 1923: 1925: 1926: 1927: 1928: 1929: 1930: 1931: 1932: 1933: 1934: 1935: 1936: 1937: 1938: 1940: 1941: 1942: 1943: 1945: 1946: 1947: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1955: 1957: 1959: 1962: 1963: 1964: 1965: 1966: 1969: 1970: 1971: 1972: 1975: 1976: 1977: 1978: 1979: 1980: 1982: 1983: 1984: 1987: 1988: 1994: 1996: 2001: 2005–2006: 2006: 2011: 2013: 2016: Timeline of women's education This is a timeline of women's education. 1237 1239 1608 1636 1639 1644 1674 1678 1685 1727 1732 1742 1751 1783 1786 1787 1788 1803 1818", "title": "Timeline of women's education" }, { "id": "20228896", "text": "date was revealed in July, along with announcement of the new timeslot, Fridays. The table read for this installment began in July 7, 2017. In May 2017, it was announced that Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue, and Robert Carlyle would be the only series regulars from season 6 to continue onto season 7. It was teased that the three would be portraying their original characters but with cursed identities, similar to the circumstances in season 1. In July, the first promo of the season revealed that Killian was a Seattle police officer with the last name Rogers, who is living with", "title": "Hyperion Heights" }, { "id": "19060464", "text": "in a Juilliard production of Anthony Burgess's \"\" as Alex, the lead character, earned him his first film role in the Italian-American production \"Lost in Florence\". From 2016 to 2017 he played the role of young Eddard Stark in the sixth season of the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\". Aramayo played the role of mechanical engineer and Harley-Davidson co-founder William S. Harley in the Discovery Channel miniseries \"Harley and the Davidsons\", which premiered September 5–7, 2016, on Discovery. Also that year, he appeared in the Tom Ford film \"Nocturnal Animals\". He will have a role in the HBO miniseries \"Lewis", "title": "Robert Aramayo" }, { "id": "19748534", "text": "The open call auditions were held in the following locations: Pre-selections took place in the following cities: The coaches performed \"A Kind of Magic\" at the start of the show. The second episode aired on September 11, 2016. The third episode aired on September 16, 2016. The fourth episode aired on September 23, 2016. The fifth episode aired on September 30, 2016. The sixth episode aired on October 7, 2016. The seventh and last blind audition episode aired on October 14, 2016. After the Blind auditions, each coach had fourteen contestants for the Battle rounds. The Battles rounds started with", "title": "Vocea României (season 6)" } ]	when did season 6 of voltron come out
[ "the Journal des Débats" ]	[ { "id": "862221", "text": "'Wait and Hope'\". \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" was originally published in the \"Journal des Débats\" in eighteen parts. Serialization ran from August 28, 1844 to January 15, 1846. The first edition in book form was published in Paris by \"Pétion\" in 18 volumes with the first two issued in 1844 and the remaining sixteen in 1845. Most of the Belgian pirated editions, the first Paris edition and many others up to the \"Lécrivain et Toubon\" illustrated edition of 1860 feature a misspelling of the title with \"Christo\" used instead of \"Cristo\". The first edition to feature the correct spelling", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862224", "text": "featured the first part of an unabridged translation of the novel by Emma Hardy. The remaining two parts would be issued as the Count of Monte Christo volumes I and II in volumes 8 and 9 of the Parlour Novelist respectively. The most common English translation is an anonymous one originally published in 1846 by Chapman and Hall. This was originally released in ten weekly installments from March 1846 with six pages of letterpress and two illustrations by M Valentin. The translation was released in book form with all twenty illustrations in two volumes in May 1846, a month after", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862223", "text": "novel only and was entitled \"The Prisoner of If\". Ainsworth translated the remaining chapters of the novel, again in abridged form, and issued these in volumes VIII and IX of the magazine in 1845 and 1846 respectively. Another abridged serialisation appeared in \"The London Journal\" between 1846 and 1847. The first single volume translation in English was an abridged edition with woodcuts published by Geo Pierce in January 1846 entitled \"The Prisoner of If or The Revenge of Monte Christo\". In April 1846, volume three of the \"Parlour Novelist\", Belfast, Ireland: Simms and M'Intyre, London: W S Orr and Company,", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862198", "text": "The Count of Monte Cristo The Count of Monte Cristo () is an adventure novel by French author Alexandre Dumas (\"père\") completed in 1844. It is one of the author's most popular works, along with \"The Three Musketeers\". Like many of his novels, it was expanded from plot outlines suggested by his collaborating ghostwriter Auguste Maquet. Another important work by Dumas, written prior to his work with Maquet, was the short novel \"Georges\"; this novel is of particular interest to scholars because Dumas reused many of the ideas and plot devices later in \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". The story", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862226", "text": "the chapter called \"The Departure\". In 1955 Collins published an updated version of the anonymous translation which cut several passages including a whole chapter entitled \"The Past\" and renamed others. This abridgement was republished by many Collins imprints and other publishers including the Modern Library, Vintage, the 1998 Oxford World's Classics edition (later editions restored the text) and the 2009 Everyman's Library edition. In 1996 Penguin Classics published a new translation by Robin Buss. Buss's translation updated the language, making the text more accessible to modern readers, and restored content that was modified in the 1846 translation because of Victorian", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862225", "text": "the release of the first part of the above-mentioned translation by Emma Hardy. The translation follows the revised French edition of 1846, with the correct spelling of \"Cristo\" and the extra chapter \"The House on the Allées de Meilhan\". Most English editions of the novel follow the anonymous translation. In 1889 two of the major American publishers \"Little Brown\" and \"T.Y Crowell\" updated the translation, correcting mistakes and revising the text to reflect the original serialised version. This resulted in the removal of the chapter \"The House on the Allées de Meilhan\", with the text restored to the end of", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862222", "text": "was the \"L'Écho des Feuilletons\" illustrated edition, Paris 1846. This edition featured plates by Paul Gavarni and Tony Johannot and was said to be \"revised\" and \"corrected\", although only the chapter structure appears to have been altered with an additional chapter entitled \"La Maison des Allées de Meilhan\" having been created by splitting \"Le Départ\" into two. The first appearance of \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" in English was the first part of a serialization by W. Francis Ainsworth in volume VII of \"Ainsworth's Magazine\" published in 1845, although this was an abridged summary of the first part of the", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862234", "text": "(1860), Dumas published a short paper, \"État civil du Comte de Monte-Cristo\", on the genesis of the Count of Monte-Cristo. It appears that Dumas had close contacts with members of the Bonaparte family while living in Florence in 1841. In a small boat he sailed around the island of Monte-Cristo accompanied by a young prince, a cousin to Louis Bonaparte, who was to become Emperor of the French ten years later. During this trip he promised the prince that he would write a novel with the island's name in the title. At that time the future emperor was imprisoned at", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862200", "text": "for both the innocent and the guilty. The book is considered a literary classic today. According to Luc Sante, \"\"The Count of Monte Cristo\" has become a fixture of Western civilization's literature, as inescapable and immediately identifiable as Mickey Mouse, Noah's flood, and the story of Little Red Riding Hood.\" Dumas wrote that the idea of revenge in \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" came from a story in a book compiled by Jacques Peuchet, a French police archivist, published in 1838 after the death of the author. Dumas included this essay in one of the editions from 1846. Peuchet told", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862241", "text": "point in Eugene O'Neill's semi-autobiographical play \"Long Day's Journey Into Night\". \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" is a musical based on the novel, with influences from the 2002 film adaptation of the book. The music is written by Frank Wildhorn and the lyrics and book are by Jack Murphy. It debuted in Switzerland in 2009. Reis, Tom, The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo The Count of Monte Cristo The Count of Monte Cristo () is an adventure novel by French author Alexandre Dumas (\"père\") completed in 1844. It is one of the author's", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862228", "text": "himself Sinbad the Sailor), calls it, \"nothing less than the ambrosia which Hebe served at the table of Jupiter.\" When he arrives in Paris, The Count brandishes an emerald box in which he carries small green pills compounded of hashish and opium which he uses for sleeplessness. (Source: Chapters 31, 32, 38, 40, 53 & 77 in the 117-chapter unabridged Pocket Books edition.) Dumas was a member of the Club des Hashischins. The first Japanese translation by Kuroiwa Shūroku was entitled \"Shigai Shiden Gankutsu-ou\" (史外史伝巌窟王, \"a historical story from outside history, the King of the Cavern\"), and serialized from 1901–1902", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862229", "text": "in the Yorozu Chouhou newspaper, and released in book form in four volumes by publisher Aoki Suusandou in 1905. Though later translations use the title \"Monte Cristo-haku\" (モンテ・クリスト伯, the Count of Monte Cristo), the \"Gankutsu-ou\" title remains highly associated with the novel and is often used as an alternative. As of March 2016, all movie adaptations of the novel brought to Japan used the title \"Gankutsu-ou\", with the exception of the 2002 film, which has it as a subtitle (with the title itself simply being \"Monte Cristo\"). The novel is popular in Japan, and has spawned numerous adaptations, the most", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862230", "text": "notable of which are the novels Meiji Gankutsu-ou by Taijirou Murasame and Shin Gankutsu-ou by Kaitarō Hasegawa. Its influence can also be seen in how one of the first prominent cases of miscarriage of justice in Japan, in which an innocent man was charged with murder and imprisoned for half a century, is known in Japanese as the \"Yoshida Gankutsu-ou incident\" (吉田岩窟王事件). The original work was published in serial form in the \"Journal des Débats\" in 1844. Carlos Javier Villafane Mercado described the effect in Europe: George Saintsbury stated: \"\"Monte Cristo\" is said to have been at its first appearance,", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862231", "text": "and for some time subsequently, the most popular book in Europe. Perhaps no novel within a given number of years had so many readers and penetrated into so many different countries.\" This popularity has extended into modern times as well. The book was \"translated into virtually all modern languages and has never been out of print in most of them. There have been at least twenty-nine motion pictures based on it ... as well as several television series, and many movies [have] worked the name 'Monte Cristo' into their titles.\" The title \"Monte Cristo\" lives on in a \"famous gold", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "3893999", "text": "Count himself, expanding upon events either briefly mentioned or left out of the anime. Maeda commented that he would have stopped the manga project quite early without the support of staff from both the anime and the manga. The manga was published in three volumes between December 2005 and July 2008 by Kodansha. The three volumes were published in English by Del Rey Manga, an imprint of Random House, between November 2008 and August 2009. A series of novelizations were released between December 2004 and May 2005. The novels were written by Kouyama, with cover illustrations by Matsubara. A CD", "title": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "20093323", "text": "The Count of Monte Cristo (radio program) The Count of Monte Cristo is an American old-time radio adventure program. It was broadcast on the Don Lee Network on the West Coast in the 1944-1945 season and on the Mutual Broadcasting System December 19, 1946 - January 1, 1952. Derived from the novel \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" by Alexandre Dumas, the program focused on the adventures of Edmond Dantes, who was sentenced to life in prison after being convicted on a false accusation of treason. Dantes escaped from prison and fought corruption in 18th-century France. The episodes on the Don", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo (radio program)" }, { "id": "862199", "text": "takes place in France, Italy, and islands in the Mediterranean during the historical events of 1815–1839: the era of the Bourbon Restoration through the reign of Louis-Philippe of France. It begins just before the Hundred Days period (when Napoleon returned to power after his exile). The historical setting is a fundamental element of the book, an adventure story primarily concerned with themes of hope, justice, vengeance, mercy, and forgiveness. It centres on a man who is wrongfully imprisoned, escapes from jail, acquires a fortune, and sets about exacting revenge on those responsible for his imprisonment. His plans have devastating consequences", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862227", "text": "English social restrictions (for example, references to Eugénie's lesbian traits and behavior) to reflect Dumas' original version. In addition to the above there have also been many abridged translations such as an 1892 edition published by F.M Lupton, translated by Henry L. Williams (this translation was also released by M.J Ivers in 1892 with Williams using the pseudonym of Professor William Thiese). A more recent abridgement is the translation by Lowell Bair for \"Bantam Classics\" in 1956. Many abridged translations omit the Count's enthusiasm for hashish. When serving a hashish jam to the young Frenchman Franz d'Epinay, the Count (calling", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862232", "text": "mine, a line of luxury Cuban cigars, a sandwich, and any number of bars and casinos—it even lurks in the name of the street-corner hustle three-card monte.\" Modern Russian writer and philologist Vadim Nikolayev determined \"The Count of Monte-Cristo\" as a megapolyphonic novel. The novel has been the inspiration for many other works, from Lew Wallace's \"\" (1880), a science fiction retelling in Alfred Bester's \"The Stars My Destination\", to Stephen Fry's contemporary \"The Stars' Tennis Balls\". The success of \"Monte Cristo\" coincides with France's Second Empire. In the book, Dumas tells of the 1815 return of Napoleon I, and", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "17286761", "text": "18, 2012 publication, \"The Black Count\" has received honors and awards throughout the world. In November 2012 the book was chosen as the BBC \"Book of the Week\" and broadcast as a five-part radio series presented on BBC4. \"The New York Times\" named it one of the 100 most notable books of 2012, while \"TIME\" included it in their list of Top 10 Nonfiction Books of 2012, and \"NPR\" listed it as one of the Best 5 Biographies of 2012. Amazon.com chose it as one of the \"10 Best Books of 2012\" in the Biographies and Memoirs category. In December", "title": "The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "4323638", "text": "1844 Alexandre Dumas, père published a novel \"The Three Musketeers\" (\"Les Trois Mousquetaires\") and wrote \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" which was published in installments over the next two years. William Makepeace Thackeray published \"The Luck of Barry Lyndon\". In Britain Charles Dickens published several of his books in installments in magazines: \"The Pickwick Papers\", followed, in the next few years, by \"Oliver Twist\" (1837–1839), \"Nicholas Nickleby\" (1838–1839), \"The Old Curiosity Shop\" (1840–1841), \"Barnaby Rudge\" (1841), \"A Christmas Carol\" (1843) and \"Martin Chuzzlewit\" (1843–1844). In America a version of the penny dreadful became popularly known as a \"dime novel\". In", "title": "History of modern literature" }, { "id": "20611722", "text": "(1848). In each of the novels, Paris is the setting and a major participant. Alexandre Dumas published \"The Three Musketeers\" (1844); \"Twenty Years After\" (1845); \"The Vicomte de Bragelonne\" (1847); \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" (1845–1846); \"La Reine Margot\" (1845); \"La Dame de Monsoreau\" (1846); and many more novels, in addition to many theatrical versions of his novels for the Paris stage. Stendhal published his first major novel, \"Le Rouge et le Noir\", in 1830, and his second, \"La Chartreuse de Parme\", in 1839. Other major Paris writers who produced important works included George Sand, Alfred de Musset, and Alphonse", "title": "Louis Philippe style" }, { "id": "862201", "text": "of a shoemaker, Pierre Picaud, living in Nîmes in 1807, who was engaged to marry a rich woman when three jealous friends falsely accused him of being a spy for England. Picaud was placed under a form of house arrest in the Fenestrelle Fort, where he served as a servant to a rich Italian cleric. When the man died, he left his fortune to Picaud, whom he had begun to treat as a son. Picaud then spent years plotting his revenge on the three men who were responsible for his misfortune. He stabbed the first with a dagger on which", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "9110897", "text": "Château de Monte-Cristo The Château de Monte-Cristo is a writer's house museum located in the country home of the writer Alexandre Dumas, \"père\". The château was built in 1846 by the architect Hippolyte Durand in Port-Marly, Yvelines, France. Dumas named it after one of his most successful novels: \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" (\"Le Comte de Monte-Cristo\", 1845–1846). Durand also built a writing studio on the grounds, which Dumas named the Château d'If after another setting from the same novel. In 1848, short of money, Dumas had to sell the property. The château fell into disrepair by the 1960s, it", "title": "Château de Monte-Cristo" }, { "id": "5785194", "text": "its debut issues being \"The Three Musketeers\", followed by \"Ivanhoe\" and \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". In addition to the literary adaptations, books featured author profiles, educational fillers, and an ad for the coming title. In later editions, a catalog of titles and a subscription order form appeared on back covers. Recognizing the appeal of early comic books, Albert Lewis Kanter believed he could use the new medium to introduce young and reluctant readers to \"great literature\". The first five titles were published irregularly under the banner \"Classic Comics Presents\" while issues six and seven were published under the banner", "title": "Classics Illustrated" }, { "id": "9110898", "text": "was restored with the patronage of King Hassan II of Morocco, who financed the restoration of its Moorish room. Since 1994, the two châteaux and gardens have been restored. The entire property is operated as a public historic museum memorializing Dumas, père. Château de Monte-Cristo The Château de Monte-Cristo is a writer's house museum located in the country home of the writer Alexandre Dumas, \"père\". The château was built in 1846 by the architect Hippolyte Durand in Port-Marly, Yvelines, France. Dumas named it after one of his most successful novels: \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" (\"Le Comte de Monte-Cristo\", 1845–1846).", "title": "Château de Monte-Cristo" }, { "id": "1940685", "text": "of the novel \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", by Alexandre Dumas. The history of the island begins with the Iron Age. The Etruscans exploited the forests of oak needed to fuel the bloomeries of the mainland where the iron ore of Elba's mines was melted. The Greeks gave Montecristo its oldest known name, Oglasa or Ocrasia, after the yellowish colour of the rocks. The Romans, however, knew it under the name \"Mons Jovis\", and erected an altar to Iuppiter Optimus Maximus on the highest mountain, of which some traces remain. During the imperial age, the Romans opened some quarries to", "title": "Montecristo" }, { "id": "17286749", "text": "Paris for a black-skinned person to live in; the general was forced to write a humiliating letter asking for a dispensation of this housing law. Dumas never received another military command, despite repeated requests for one. The debilitation from his previous two-year dungeon imprisonment in Italy led to his early death in 1806, at the age of 43. In preparation for the writing and publication of \"The Black Count\", Reiss undertook a comprehensive study of colonial Haiti, Revolutionary France, medieval Egypt, and political and social unrest in Italy. He also visited the dungeon in Taranto, where Dumas was held from", "title": "The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862239", "text": "resulting in Fechter abridging the play, which, despite negative reviews, had a respectable sixteen-week run. Fechter moved to the United States in 1869 and Monte Cristo was chosen for the inaugural play at the opening of the Globe Theatre, Boston in 1870. Fechter last performed the role in 1878. In 1883, John Stetson, manager of the Booth Theatre and The Globe Theatre, wanted to revive the play and asked James O'Neill (the father of playwright Eugene O'Neill) to perform the lead role. O'Neill, who had never seen Fechter perform, made the role his own and the play became a commercial,", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "1375979", "text": "Alexandre Dumas Alexandre Dumas (, ; ; born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie ; 24 July 1802 – 5 December 1870), also known as Alexandre Dumas (French for 'father'), was a French writer. His works have been translated into many languages, and he is one of the most widely read French authors. Many of his historical novels of high adventure were originally published as serials, including \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", \"The Three Musketeers\", \"Twenty Years After\", and \"\". His novels have been adapted since the early twentieth century for nearly 200 films. Dumas' last novel, \"The Knight of Sainte-Hermine,\"", "title": "Alexandre Dumas" }, { "id": "6121615", "text": "leading American writer in the genre was George Lippard whose best seller was \"The Quaker City, or The Monks of Monk Hall: a Romance of Philadelphia Life, Mystery and Crime\" (1844); he went on to found the paper \"The Quaker City\" as a vehicle for more of his mysteries and miseries. In 1988, Michael Chabon paid tribute to the genre with \"The Mysteries of Pittsburgh\". Dumas, at the urging of his publishers, was inspired to write \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" in part by the runaway success of \"The Mysteries of Paris\". He had been working on a series of", "title": "The Mysteries of Paris" }, { "id": "862204", "text": "without trial in the Château d'If, a grim island fortress off Marseilles. A fellow prisoner, Abbé Faria, correctly deduces that his jealous rival Fernand Mondego, envious crewmate Danglars, and double-dealing Magistrate De Villefort framed him. Faria inspires his escape and guides him to a fortune in treasure. As the powerful and mysterious Count of Monte Cristo (Italy), he arrives from the Orient to enter the fashionable Parisian world of the 1830s and avenge himself on the men who conspired to destroy him. In 1815, Edmond Dantès, a young merchant sailor who has recently been granted the succession of his captain", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "6735457", "text": "Diary of Dr. Hayward\" (under the pseudonym \"Curt Davis\"), the modern-West crimefighter strip \"Wilton of the West\" (as \"Fred Sande\"), and Part One of the swashbuckling serialization of Alexandre Dumas, père's \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" (as \"Jack Curtiss\"), each four pages long. \"Jumbo\" proved a hit, and Fiction House would go on to publish \"Jungle Comics\"; the aviation-themed \"Wings Comics\"; the science fiction title \"Planet Comics\"; \"Rangers Comics\"; and \"Fight Comics\" during the early 1940s — most of these series taking their titles and themes from the Fiction House pulps. Fiction House referred to these titles in its regular", "title": "Fiction House" }, { "id": "862233", "text": "alludes to contemporary events when the governor at the Château d'If is promoted to a position at the castle of Ham. The attitude of Dumas towards \"bonapartisme\" was conflicted. His father, Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, a Haitian of mixed descent, became a successful general during the French Revolution. New racial-discrimination laws were applied in 1802, and the general was dismissed from the army and became profoundly bitter toward Napoleon. In 1840, the ashes of Napoleon I were brought to France and became an object of veneration in the church of Les Invalides, renewing popular patriotic support for the Bonaparte family. In \"Causeries\"", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "862237", "text": "Dantès shouting \"the world is mine!\", an iconic line that would be used in many future adaptations. Two English adaptations of the novel were published in 1868. The first, by Hailes Lacy, differs only slightly from Dumas' version with the main change being that Fernand Mondego is killed in a duel with the Count rather than committing suicide. Much more radical was the version by Charles Fechter, a notable French-Anglo actor. The play faithfully follows the first part of the novel, omits the Rome section and makes several sweeping changes to the third part, among the most significant being that", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "1627044", "text": "shot there in 1871. The island became internationally famous in the 19th century when Alexandre Dumas used it as a setting for \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", published to widespread acclaim in 1844. In the novel, the main character Edmond Dantès (a commoner who later purchases the noble title of Count) and his mentor, Abbé Faria, were both imprisoned in it. After fourteen years, Dantès makes a daring escape from the castle, becoming the first person ever to do so and survive. In reality, no one is known to have done this. The modern Château d'If maintains a roughly hewn", "title": "Château d'If" }, { "id": "1627040", "text": "Château d'If The Château d'If is a fortress (later a prison) located on the island of If, the smallest island in the Frioul archipelago situated in the Mediterranean Sea about offshore in the Bay of Marseille in southeastern France. It is famous for being one of the settings of Alexandre Dumas' adventure novel \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". \"If\" is the French word for the yew tree. Île d'If measures and is located west of the Old Port of Marseille. The entire island is heavily fortified; high ramparts with gun platforms surmount the cliffs that rise steeply from the surrounding", "title": "Château d'If" }, { "id": "524792", "text": "19th-century example of the romantic-historical novel. Victor Hugo began writing \"The Hunchback of Notre-Dame\" in 1829, largely to make his contemporaries more aware of the value of the Gothic architecture, which was neglected and often destroyed to be replaced by new buildings, or defaced by replacement of parts of buildings in a newer style. The action takes place in 1482 and the title refers to the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, on which the story is centred. Alexandre Dumas also wrote several popular historical fiction novels, including \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" and \"The Three Musketeers\". George Saintsbury stated: \"\"Monte", "title": "Historical fiction" }, { "id": "862202", "text": "were printed the words \"Number One\", and then he poisoned the second. The third man's son he lured into crime and his daughter into prostitution, finally stabbing the man himself. This third man, named Loupian, had married Picaud's fiancée while Picaud was under arrest. In another of the \"True Stories\", Peuchet describes a poisoning in a family. This story, also quoted in the Pleiade edition, has obviously served as model for the chapter of the murders inside the Villefort family. The introduction to the Pleiade edition mentions other sources from real life: Abbé Faria existed and died in 1819 after", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "6001918", "text": "31 January 1844 and was buried in Les Invalides. Alexandre Dumas mentions Bertrand in the earlier pages of his well-known novel \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". He is also mentioned in Book II Chapter 1 of \"Les Misérables\" by Victor Hugo. Henri Gatien Bertrand Henri Gratien, Comte Bertrand (28 March 1773 – 31 January 1844), was a French general. He was born at Châteauroux, Indre as a member of a well-to-do bourgeois family. At the outbreak of the French Revolution, he had just finished his studies at the Prytanée National Militaire, and he entered the army as a volunteer. During", "title": "Henri Gatien Bertrand" }, { "id": "3893989", "text": "works associated with the circle of Lord Byron, who contributed to both Mary Shelley's novel \"Frankenstein\" and early writing about vampires and whom Maeda assumed Dumas had been inspired by when writing about the Count. Early drafts of the Count had him as a far more eccentric character, with his alien nature being more overt and unsettling. The term \"Gankutsuou\" was originally used for the novel's Japanese translations dating back to its first publication in 1901, but Maeda took the title and turned it into something literal. The figure of Gankutsuou was a reimagining of Abbe Faria, a mentor figure", "title": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "8796623", "text": "Auguste Maquet Auguste Maquet (; 13 September 1813, Paris – 8 January 1888) was a French author, best known as the chief collaborator of French novelist Alexandre Dumas, père, co-writing such works as \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" and \"The Three Musketeers\". Maquet was born in Paris in 1813. He studied at the Lycée Charlemagne where he became a professor at the age of 18. Trained as a historian, he turned to literature, and became close with such literary figures as Théophile Gautier and Gérard de Nerval. Through Nerval, he became acquainted with the already famous Dumas in 1838. Dumas", "title": "Auguste Maquet" }, { "id": "3893963", "text": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo is a science fiction anime series produced by Gonzo. An adaptation of Alexandre Dumas' \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", the 24-episode series aired on Japanese television between October 2004 and March 2005; it was later licensed for a Western release first by Geneon Entertainment and later by Funimation. The series was adapted into a CD drama, a series of novels by screenwriter Shuichi Kouyama, and a manga written and drawn by series creator Mahiro Maeda which ran from 2005 to 2008. Set in the year 5053, the series", "title": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "5381304", "text": "Bon Appétit Bon Appétit is an American food and entertaining magazine that is published monthly by Condé Nast. It was started in 1956 and became a bimonthly magazine in December 1956 in Chicago. The magazine was acquired by M. Frank Jones in Kansas City, Missouri in 1965. Jones was owner, editor and publisher until 1970, when \"Bon Appétit\" was merged into the Pillsbury Company, who sold it to Knapp Communications, publishers of \"Architectural Digest\", four years later. Condé Nast Publications, the current owners, purchased Knapp Communications in 1993. Its sister publication was \"Gourmet\", before the latter was discontinued in October", "title": "Bon Appétit" }, { "id": "1376007", "text": "Monte-Cristo, and to collect books, manuscripts, autographs and other materials on Dumas. Alexandre Dumas Alexandre Dumas (, ; ; born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie ; 24 July 1802 – 5 December 1870), also known as Alexandre Dumas (French for 'father'), was a French writer. His works have been translated into many languages, and he is one of the most widely read French authors. Many of his historical novels of high adventure were originally published as serials, including \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", \"The Three Musketeers\", \"Twenty Years After\", and \"\". His novels have been adapted since the early twentieth", "title": "Alexandre Dumas" }, { "id": "14710883", "text": "issue being \"The Three Musketeers\", followed by \"Ivanhoe\" and \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". In addition to the literary adaptations, the comics featured author profiles, educational fillers, and ads for the coming titles. In later editions, a catalog of titles and a subscription order form appeared on back covers. Ruth Roche created the first muslim superhero, Kismet, Man of Fate, published in Bomber Comics #1-4 (1944). By the time of \"Classics Illustrated\" #4, in 1942, the title outgrew the space it shared with Elliot, and Kanter moved the operation to different offices, changing the corporate identity to the Gilberton Company,", "title": "Gilberton (publisher)" }, { "id": "3893995", "text": "the anime's late night slot, its official broadcast date was a day behind the actual date. The third and fourth episodes underwent slight changes in their broadcast times. The series aired on Animax a day after its TV Asahi broadcast, running from October 6, 2004 and March 30, 2005. Late night and afternoon repeats followed the succeeding day. It was later broadcast on NHK BS2 between June 17 and December 2, 2008. A second repeat broadcast on AT-X between January 7 and June 20, 2012. The series was released in Japan on DVD by Media Factory; the series was published", "title": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "18634521", "text": "the family bookshop, Sempere & Sons with his elderly father, his wife Beatriz and son Julian. Though business has declined further in recent years Fermin still finds a place at the bookshop and continues to source rare books while bringing a smile to the faces of the customers. One day a mysterious man arrives and asks about a rare and expensive copy of \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" that's kept in a display case behind the counter. He purchases the book from Don Sempere Snr and writes an inscription on the cover page: \"\"For Fermin Romero de Torres, who came", "title": "The Prisoner of Heaven" }, { "id": "3893972", "text": "commits suicide in an act of redemption. Five years later, peace is being established between Earth and the Eastern Empire; Haydée assumes her place as queen of her world; Maximilien leaves the army to live with Valentine; Mercedes is at peace, though mourning Edmund and Fernand's deaths; and Albert, having rebuilt his life, reunites with Eugénie. The anime is an adaptation of \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", a French adventure novel by Alexandre Dumas which began as a newspaper serial in 1844. \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" is considered a literary classic, and in the years since its publication has", "title": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "4771976", "text": "short-lived, these publications had a significant part on the cultural scene, and hosted contributions by influential, mostly left-wing, cultural figures: Stavri, Stere, Constantin D. Anghel, Traian Demetrescu, Arthur Gorovei, Ion Gorun, Henric and Simion Sanielevici. In this context, \"Adevărul\" also began receiving contributions from prominent humorist Ion Luca Caragiale—previously a conservative adversary, known for his mockery of republican sensationalism. In return for the 1897 setback, the gazette began allocating space to serialized works of literature, including sketches by Caragiale (most of the writings later published as \"Momente şi schiţe\"), as well as \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" by Alexandre Dumas,", "title": "Adevărul" }, { "id": "3575081", "text": "fourteen) and \"Books for Young Persons\" (for those between fourteen and twenty-one), establishing terms of reference for young adult literature that still remains in use. Nineteenth century literature presents several early works, that appealed to young readers, though not necessarily written for them, including \"The Swiss Family Robinson\" (1812), Walter Scott's \"Waverley\" (1814), Charles Dickens' \"Oliver Twist\" (1838), Alexandre Dumas' \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" (1844), \"Tom Brown's Schooldays\" (1857), Dickens' \"Great Expectations\" (1860), \"Alice in Wonderland\" (1865), Mark Twain's \"The Adventures of Tom Sawyer\" (1876), and \"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\" (1884), Robert Louis Stevenson's \"Kidnapped\" (1886), Rudyard Kipling's \"The", "title": "Young adult fiction" }, { "id": "353383", "text": "dramatist, with a series of successes beginning with \"Henri III et sa cour\" (1829) before turning to novels that were mostly historical adventures somewhat in the manner of Scott, most famously \"The Three Musketeers\" and \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", both of 1844. Victor Hugo published as a poet in the 1820s before achieving success on the stage with \"Hernani\"—a historical drama in a quasi-Shakespearian style that had famously riotous performances on its first run in 1830. Like Dumas, Hugo is best known for his novels, and was already writing \"The Hunchback of Notre-Dame\" (1831), one of the best known", "title": "Romanticism" }, { "id": "1413608", "text": "identities. Myth and legend is filled with stories of gods or heroes who took on other identities for various purposes. A significant precursor to the 20th century concept of a secret identity in fiction is \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" (1844) by Alexandre Dumas, a huguely popular story which was frequently dramatized in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In this story, the protagonist Edmund Dantes takes on the identity of the mysterious Count of Monte Cristo in order to carry out his plan of revenge against the men who were responsible for his downfall and imprisonment. The modern", "title": "Secret identity" }, { "id": "12847432", "text": "when he could not find a novel set there, similar to his favorite book, \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". The first book in the trilogy, \"The Lion of St. Mark\", took him four years to write and publish. It begins in 1452 with the attempt to save Constantinople from Turkish siege and ends in 1472. Much of the book concerns the rivalry between two powerful patrician families, the Zianis and the Soranzos and Venice's savage war with the Ottoman Turks. His second book, \"The Sword of Venice\", spans the years 1473-1484 and chronicles the Ferrara War that pitted Venice against", "title": "Thomas Quinn (author)" }, { "id": "12523364", "text": "letter to his associates indicated \"There is no hesitation on the means by which we should create a supporter within the council [of ministers]. I have the means of arriving at this supporter, and it is up to you to provide the means of interesting him [...] Do not forget that the government is in the hands of greedy and corrupt men.\" Teste accepted a bribe of 94,000 francs from the company. In the meantime, the 1844 novel \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" was published - according to Librairie Générale Française (1995), its character of Fernand Mondego was inspired by", "title": "Amédée Despans-Cubières" }, { "id": "10738964", "text": "volume, a novel would often be consumed by readers in installments over a period as long as a year, with the authors and periodicals often responding to audience reaction. In France, Alexandre Dumas and Eugène Sue were masters of the serialized genre. \"The Three Musketeers\" and \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" each appeared as a \"feuilleton\". \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" was stretched out to 139 installments. Eugène Sue's serial novel \"Le Juif errant\" increased circulation of \"Le Constitutionnel\" from 3,600 to 25,000. Production in book form soon followed and serialization was one of the main reasons that nineteenth-century novels", "title": "Serial (literature)" }, { "id": "11766552", "text": "the series in omnibus format of two volumes in one, with volume 0 (Japanese volumes 0 and 1) released in October 2014. The manga is published in France by Ki-oon, who released the first volume 0 on May 24, 2007. The series' twelfth collected volume sold 29,167 copies in its debut week, the thirteenth sold 28,574, and the seventeenth 22,358 copies. Rebecca Silverman of Anime News Network gave the first English-language omnibus a B rating, praising its revenge story. She saw similarities between Koinzell's past and \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" and stated that its supporting cast brings themes of", "title": "Übel Blatt" }, { "id": "6453167", "text": "The Count of Monte Cristo (1956 TV series) The Count of Monte Cristo was a 1956 ITC Entertainment/TPA television series adapted very loosely from the novel by Alexandre Dumas, adapted by Sidney Marshall. It premiered in the UK in early 1956 and ran for 39 thirty-minute episodes dramatizing the continuing adventures of Edmond Dantès, the self-styled Count of Monte Cristo, during the reign of Louis Philippe I d'Orléans, King of the French from 1830 to 1848. The first twelve episodes were filmed in the United States, at the Hal Roach studios, with the rest being filmed at ITC's traditional home", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo (1956 TV series)" }, { "id": "1590552", "text": "ahead of him\" to become a full-time writer but he \"never again achieved such complete artistic success as in this one book.\" Also in 1894, Hope produced \"The God in the Car\", a political story. Hope wrote 32 volumes of fiction over the course of his lifetime and he had a large popular following. In 1896 he published \"The Chronicles of Count Antonio\", followed in 1897 by a tale of adventure set on a Greek island, entitled \"Phroso\". He went on a publicity tour of the United States in late 1897, during which he impressed a \"New York Times\" reporter", "title": "Anthony Hope" }, { "id": "7992301", "text": "Count on the Saint Count on the Saint is a collection of two mystery novellas by Graham Weaver and Donne Avenell, continuing the adventures of the sleuth Simon Templar a.k.a. \"The Saint\", created by Leslie Charteris. Charteris served in an editorial capacity and received front-page author credit. This book was first published in the United States in 1980 by The Crime Club, followed by a British edition by Hodder and Stoughton the same year. This is the final collection of Saint novellas to be published to date; the final few volumes were full novels. The book consisted of the following", "title": "Count on the Saint" }, { "id": "6178389", "text": "selling over six million copies in 25 translations. She counts as her literary influences \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" by Alexandre Dumas; \"House of Mirth\" by Edith Wharton; Gabriel Garcia Márquez, Mary Wesley, Eckhart Tolle, and Daphne du Maurier. Isabel Allende is important to her too. She has co-written with her husband a series of children's books called The Royal Rabbits of London, which is published by Simon & Schuster. 20th Century Fox have bought the movie rights and are in the early stages of adapting the series for the big screen. Montefiore is married to writer and historian Simon", "title": "Santa Montefiore" }, { "id": "7992302", "text": "stories: Count on the Saint Count on the Saint is a collection of two mystery novellas by Graham Weaver and Donne Avenell, continuing the adventures of the sleuth Simon Templar a.k.a. \"The Saint\", created by Leslie Charteris. Charteris served in an editorial capacity and received front-page author credit. This book was first published in the United States in 1980 by The Crime Club, followed by a British edition by Hodder and Stoughton the same year. This is the final collection of Saint novellas to be published to date; the final few volumes were full novels. The book consisted of the", "title": "Count on the Saint" }, { "id": "3208446", "text": "Factory in 2011, a digitisation service. The firm's original location was its Georgian offices at 24 Russell Square, in Bloomsbury, London. Faber later moved to 3 Queen Square, London, and on 19 January 2009 the firm moved to Bloomsbury House, 74–77 Great Russell Street, London. Faber and Faber Faber and Faber Limited, often abbreviated to Faber, is an independent publishing house in the United Kingdom. Faber has published some of the most well-known literature in the English language, including William Golding's \"Lord of the Flies\". Poet T. S. Eliot was once a Faber editor. In 2006 the company was named", "title": "Faber and Faber" }, { "id": "1240007", "text": "Europe, the U.S., Asia and the Middle East. The European edition is distributed in continental Europe and Africa. It is printed Monday to Saturday at five centres across Europe reporting on matters concerning the European Union, the Euro and European corporate affairs. In 1994 \"FT\" launched a luxury lifestyle magazine, \"How To Spend It\". In 2009 it launched a standalone website for the magazine. On 13 May 1995 the \"Financial Times\" group made its first foray into the online world with the launch of FT.com. This provided a summary of news from around the globe, which was supplemented in February", "title": "Financial Times" }, { "id": "17286759", "text": "Count\" was honored with the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. Jury members included Elmaz Abinader, professor of English at Mills College in Oakland, California; Michael Kazin, professor of history at Georgetown University; and Alan Brinkley, Allan Nevins Professor of History at Columbia University, where he also served as University Provost from 2003 to 2009. In a joint statement following their review and pronouncement of \"The Black Count\" as the 2013 Pulitzer Prize winner, the jury stated that the real-life inspiration for the Count of Monte Cristo, presented \"a compelling story of a forgotten swashbuckling hero\". Following the announcement of", "title": "The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "7485133", "text": "of Monte Cristo\" (1946). \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" was named one of the top ten films of 1934 by the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures. Subsequent adaptations of the novel were made in 1943, 1954, 1961, 1975, and 2002. The Count of Monte Cristo (1934 film) The Count of Monte Cristo is a 1934 American adventure film directed by Rowland V. Lee and starring Robert Donat and Elissa Landi. Based on the 1844 novel \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" by Alexandre Dumas, the story concerns a man who is unjustly imprisoned for 20 years for innocently delivering", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo (1934 film)" }, { "id": "7631482", "text": "The Knights of the Cross The Knights of the Cross or The Teutonic Knights () is a 1900 historical novel written by the eminent Polish Positivist writer and the 1905 Nobel laureate, Henryk Sienkiewicz. Its first English translation was published in the same year as the original. The book was serialized by the magazine \"Tygodnik Illustrowany\" between 1897–1899 before its first complete printed edition appeared in 1900. The book was first translated into English by Jeremiah Curtin, a contemporary of Henryk Sienkiewicz. \"The Teutonic Knights\" had since been translated into 25 languages. It was the first book to be printed", "title": "The Knights of the Cross" }, { "id": "1982265", "text": "was announced in November 2017 that Radhika Jones, editorial director of \"The New York Times\" books section, will succeed Carter as Editor-in-Chief on December 11, 2017. In 2018, \"Vanity Fair\" received accolades for removing accused sexual abuser James Franco from a cover shoot. There are currently five international editions of \"Vanity Fair\" being published; namely in the United Kingdom (since 1991), Spain (since 2008), France (since 2013), Italy (since 1993), and Mexico (since 2015), with the Italian version published weekly. The British \"Vanity Fair\" was first published in 1991. The Italian \"Vanity Fair\" was established in October 2003 and celebrated", "title": "Vanity Fair (magazine)" }, { "id": "2462360", "text": "Institutes of the Christian Religion Institutes of the Christian Religion () is John Calvin's seminal work of Protestant systematic theology. Regarded as one of the most influential works of Protestant theology, it was published in Latin in 1536 (at the same time as Henry VIII of England's Dissolution of the Monasteries) and in his native French language in 1541, with the definitive editions appearing in 1559 (Latin) and in 1560 (French). The book was written as an introductory textbook on the Protestant creed for those with some previous knowledge of theology and covered a broad range of theological topics from", "title": "Institutes of the Christian Religion" }, { "id": "9018684", "text": "greater or lesser degree from this scientific theme. The final story in the collection is a postmodern pastiche of Alexandre Dumas' \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". The book was also published in English with the title \"Time and the Hunter\" in 1970. All of the stories in \"t zero\", together with those from \"Cosmicomics\" and other sources, are now available in a single volume collection, \"The Complete Cosmicomics\" (Penguin UK, 2009). T zero t zero (original title: Ti con zero) is a 1967 collection of short stories by Italian author Italo Calvino. The title story is based on a particularly", "title": "T zero" }, { "id": "5995951", "text": "\"Bibliothèque de la Pléiade\" was founded by Jacques Schiffrin in 1931. The first volume published was the first tome of the complete works of Charles Baudelaire, on 10 September 1931. André Gide and Jean Schlumberger, creators of the \"Nouvelle Revue française\" (NRF), took interest in this, and integrated the collection into Gallimard on 31 July 1936. In 1939, André Gide became the first author to be published while still living, with the partial publication of his diary. In 1940, Jacques Schiffrin was fired by Gaston Gallimard because of the anti-Jewish laws. Jean Paulhan took the direction of the collection. After", "title": "Bibliothèque de la Pléiade" }, { "id": "4654587", "text": "reinstated racism and slavery in France and its colonies, leaving Dumas with few recourses. The debilitation from Dumas's long imprisonment led to his early death, but his life inspired his son Alexandre Dumas to write books such as \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" and \"The Three Musketeers\". The \"Christian Science Monitor\" called the book a \"remarkable and almost compulsively researched account\" and stated that \"the author spent a decade on the case, and it shows.\" \"To tell this tale\", wrote \"The Boston Globe\". \"Reiss must cover the French Revolution, the Haitian Revolution, and the rise of Napoleon toward Empire; he", "title": "Tom Reiss" }, { "id": "2644533", "text": "of five editors: The first edition was initially printed by Robert Appleton Company. The volumes came out sequentially the first two in 1907 and the last three in 1912: The editors had their first editorial meeting at the office of \"The Messenger\", on West 16th Street, New York City. The text received a \"nihil obstat\" from an official censor, Remy Lafort, on November 1, 1908 and an imprimatur from John Murphy Farley, Archbishop of New York. This review process was presumably accelerated by the reuse of older authorized publications. In addition to frequent informal conferences and constant communication by letters,", "title": "Catholic Encyclopedia" }, { "id": "974036", "text": "Guinness World Records Guinness World Records, known from its inception in 1955 until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records and in previous United States editions as The Guinness Book of World Records, is a reference book published annually, listing world records both of human achievements and the extremes of the natural world. The brainchild of Sir Hugh Beaver, the book was co-founded by brothers Norris and Ross McWhirter in Fleet Street, London in August 1954. The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time. As of the 2019 edition, it is now in", "title": "Guinness World Records" }, { "id": "12621529", "text": "articles to a newspaper in Manchester, England. The June 1895 \"British Chess Magazine\" \"(BCM)\" and June 1897 \"American Chess Magazine\" reported that he was living in Buffalo, New York. Under the pseudonym \"Ivan Trepoff\", Gossip wrote a book, \"The Jew of Chamant\", which was published by Hausauer (Buffalo) in 1898, and by F.T. Neely (London and New York) in 1899. The two versions are subtitled, respectively, \"or, the modern Monte Cristo\" and \"a romance of crime\". The book is intensely antisemitic. The author explains in its preface: My object in the present work is to paint the rich Jew in", "title": "George H. D. Gossip" }, { "id": "1982252", "text": "Vanity Fair (magazine) Vanity Fair is a magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs published by Condé Nast in the United States. The first version of \"Vanity Fair\" was published from 1913 to 1936. The imprint was revived in 1983 and currently includes five international editions of the magazine. As of 2018, the Editor-in-Chief is Radhika Jones. Condé Montrose Nast began his empire by purchasing the men's fashion magazine \"Dress\" in 1913. He renamed the magazine \"Dress and Vanity Fair\" and published four issues in 1913. It continued to thrive into the twenties. However, it became a casualty of", "title": "Vanity Fair (magazine)" }, { "id": "1477876", "text": "Fortune (magazine) Fortune is an American multinational business magazine headquartered in New York City, United States. It is published and owned by Meredith Corporation. The publication was founded by Henry Luce in 1929. The magazine competes with \"Forbes\" and \"Bloomberg Businessweek\" in the national business magazine category and distinguishes itself with long, in-depth feature articles. The magazine regularly publishes ranked lists, perhaps best known is the Fortune 500, a ranking of companies by revenue that it has published annually since 1955. \"Fortune\" was founded by \"Time\" co-founder Henry Luce in 1929 as \"the Ideal Super-Class Magazine\", a \"distinguished and de", "title": "Fortune (magazine)" }, { "id": "5568590", "text": "Dunne was born in New York City, the son of Chicago syndicated columnist and humorist Finley Peter Dunne and Margaret Ives (Abbott) Dunne, a champion golfer and the daughter of the \"Chicago Tribune\"'s book reviewer and novelist, Mary Ives Abbott. Although a Roman Catholic, he attended Middlesex School (1920–1925) and Harvard University (1925–1929). Immediately after graduation, he boarded a train for Hollywood. His first screenplay (uncredited) was \"Me and My Gal\", released in 1932. His first credited screenplay was \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", released in 1934. After working for various studios, he moved to 20th Century Fox in 1937,", "title": "Philip Dunne (writer)" }, { "id": "1627046", "text": "be reached by boat from Marseille's old port. Its fame comes from the setting for Dumas' novel, \"The Count of Monte Cristo\". This fame has made the prison a popular tourist destination. Mark Twain visited the château in July 1867 during a months-long pleasure excursion. He recounts his visit in his book, \"The Innocents Abroad\". He says a guide took his party into the prison, which was not yet open to the public, and inside the cells, one of which he says housed the \"Iron Mask.\" There is a sign at the château that says \"Prison dite de l'Homme au", "title": "Château d'If" }, { "id": "862205", "text": "Leclère, returns to Marseille to marry his Catalan fiancée Mercédès. Leclère, a supporter of the exiled Napoléon I, found himself dying at sea and charged Dantès to deliver two objects: a package to General Bertrand (exiled with Napoleon Bonaparte on Elba), and a letter from Elba to an unknown man in Paris. On the eve of Dantès' wedding to Mercédès, Fernand Mondego (Mercédès' cousin and a rival for her affections) is given advice by Dantès' colleague Danglars (who is jealous of Dantès' rapid rise to captain) to send an anonymous note accusing Dantès of being a Bonapartist traitor. Caderousse (Dantès'", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "11208333", "text": "into France. After Marseille was annexed to France by Francois I in 1481, the Château d'if (1527–1529) was built on one of the islands of the Frioul Archipelago in the Bay of Marseille to protect the city from attacks from the sea. It was soon turned into a prison; During the Wars of Religion (1562–1598) it held some 3500 Huguenots, or French Protestant prisoners. It is best known as the prison of the fictional Count of Monte Cristo of Alexandre Dumas, père. The Chateau of Tarascon, in the Bouches-du-Rhône Department, was begun in 1400 by Louis II of Anjou, and", "title": "Architecture of Provence" }, { "id": "2210617", "text": "and expanding into the coverage of weddings. According to Condé Naste Russia, after the First World War made deliveries in the Old World impossible, printing began in England. The decision to print in England proved to be successful causing Nast to release the first issue of French \"Vogue\" in 1920. The magazine's number of subscriptions surged during the Great Depression, and again during World War II. During this time, noted critic and former \"Vanity Fair\" editor Frank Crowninshield served as its editor, having been moved over from \"Vanity Fair\" by publisher Condé Nast. In July 1932, American \"Vogue\" placed its", "title": "Vogue (magazine)" }, { "id": "3208436", "text": "Faber and Faber Faber and Faber Limited, often abbreviated to Faber, is an independent publishing house in the United Kingdom. Faber has published some of the most well-known literature in the English language, including William Golding's \"Lord of the Flies\". Poet T. S. Eliot was once a Faber editor. In 2006 the company was named the KPMG Publisher of the Year. Faber and Faber Inc., formerly the American branch of the London company, was sold in 1998 to the Holtzbrinck company Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Faber and Faber ended the partnership with FSG in 2015 and began distributing its books", "title": "Faber and Faber" }, { "id": "8139190", "text": "Smith, Elder & Co. Smith, Elder & Co. or Smith, Elder, and Co. or Smith, Elder and Co. was a British publishing company who were most noted for the works they published in the 19th century. The firm was founded by George Smith (1789–1846) and Alexander Elder (1790–1876) and successfully continued by George Murray Smith (1824–1901). They are known to have published as early as 1839. They are notable for producing the first edition of the \"Dictionary of National Biography\" (DNB). The firm achieved its first major success with the publication of Charlotte Brontë's \"Jane Eyre\" in 1847, under the", "title": "Smith, Elder & Co." }, { "id": "1982268", "text": "recent years, \"Vanity Fair\" and \"Bloomberg\" hosted an after-party at the French ambassador's house following the White House Correspondents' Association dinner. Vanity Fair (magazine) Vanity Fair is a magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs published by Condé Nast in the United States. The first version of \"Vanity Fair\" was published from 1913 to 1936. The imprint was revived in 1983 and currently includes five international editions of the magazine. As of 2018, the Editor-in-Chief is Radhika Jones. Condé Montrose Nast began his empire by purchasing the men's fashion magazine \"Dress\" in 1913. He renamed the magazine \"Dress and", "title": "Vanity Fair (magazine)" }, { "id": "17286750", "text": "1799 through 1801 by allies of King Ferdinand IV of Naples during his war with France. Reiss spent two years in search of a publicly commissioned statue of Dumas that was erected in 1913 at the Place Malesherbes (now known as the ) in Paris. While the statue had been displayed for over 30 years, alongside statues of his son and grandson, research revealed that it was melted down by German military forces during World War II. Reiss' additional research included visiting the Musée Alexandre Dumas in Villers-Cotterêts, France, which is devoted to the archives and conservation of the works", "title": "The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "19566359", "text": "Count of Monte Cristo Alexandre Dumas 15. Sybil Benjamin Disraeli 16. David Copperfield Charles Dickens 17. Wuthering Heights Emily Brontë 18. Jane Eyre Charlotte Brontë 19. Vanity Fair William Makepeace Thackeray 20. The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne 21. Moby-Dick Herman Melville 22. Madame Bovary Gustave Flaubert 23. The Woman in White Wilkie Collins 24. Alice's Adventures In Wonderland Lewis Carroll 25. Little Women Louisa M. Alcott 26. The Way We Live Now Anthony Trollope 27. Anna Karenina Leo Tolstoy 28. Daniel Deronda George Eliot 29. The Brothers Karamazov Fyodor Dostoevsky 30. The Portrait of a Lady Henry James 31. Huckleberry", "title": "The Guardian's 100 Best Novels Written in English" }, { "id": "3893997", "text": "with the DVD version. This version was released in Australia by Madman Entertainment beginning in April 2006. \"Gankutsuou\" was among the anime affected when Geneon Entertainment ended anime distribution in 2007. Following this, Funimation licensed the anime from Gonzo in 2008. The complete series was released on DVD on April 28, 2009. United Kingdom company Anime Limited licensed the anime for commertial release in 2014. The Blu-ray version released in 2016; a limited edition released with steelbook case and artbook released on February 8, while the standard edition released on April 3. \"Gankutsuou\" was adapted into a manga which ran", "title": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "2531539", "text": "and had 10 black-and-white pages with features on tractors, letters from readers, and advertisements. At the time, the magazine was published bimonthly. It was written in Lincoln, Nebraska, and it was mailed from the Bee post office. The magazine grew rapidly, and in 1990, bowing to public demand, it became a monthly. Circulation continued to increase, and currently hovers around 30,000. The magazine now generally contains 88 full-color pages and is perfect bound. It is now printed in Michigan and mailed from several post offices throughout the country. Current content usually includes a \"Tip of the Month\" article covering New", "title": "John Deere" }, { "id": "862235", "text": "the citadel of Ham – a name that is mentioned in the novel. Dumas did visit him there, although he does not mention it in \"Etat civil\". During the life of Thomas-Alexandre Dumas: During the life of Alexandre Dumas: Alexandre Dumas and Auguste Maquet wrote a set of four plays that collectively told the story of \"The Count of Monte Cristo\": \"Monte Cristo Part I\" (1848); \"Monte Cristo Part II\" (1848); \"Le Comte de Morcerf\" (1851) and \"Villefort\" (1851). The first two plays were first performed at Dumas' own Théâtre Historique in February 1848, with the performance spread over two", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "7528701", "text": "Georges (novel) Georges is a short novel by Alexandre Dumas, père set on Isle de France (Mauritius), from 1810 to 1824. This novel is of particular interest to scholars because Dumas reused many of the ideas and plot devices later in \"The Count of Monte Cristo\", and because race and racism are at the center of this novel, and this was a topic on which Dumas, despite his part-African ancestry, rarely wrote. \"Georges\" was first published in 1843. It has been republished in English as \"George; or, the Planter of the Isle of France\". A new translation by Tina Kover,", "title": "Georges (novel)" }, { "id": "5745522", "text": "Minotaure Minotaure, published between 1933 and 1939, was a Surrealist-oriented magazine founded by Albert Skira in Paris. The editors were André Breton and Pierre Mabille. It was a luxurious publication, sporting original artworks on its cover by prestigious artists like Pablo Picasso. The magazine was sponsored and advised by Surrealist art patron Edward James, and is still one of the richest sources of information about the pre-war Surrealist world. In many ways, it was the successor to \"Le Surrealisme au service de la revolution\", the group journal that ceased publication in 1933. \"Minotaure\" brought to the attention of the art", "title": "Minotaure" }, { "id": "12376306", "text": "291 (magazine) 291 was an arts and literary magazine that was published from 1915 to 1916 in New York City. It was created and published by a group of four individuals: photographer/modern art promoter Alfred Stieglitz, artist Marius de Zayas, art collector/journalist/poet Agnes E. Meyer and photographer/critic/arts patron Paul Haviland. Initially intended as a way to bring attention to Stieglitz's gallery of the same name (291), it soon became a work of art in itself. The magazine published original art work, essays, poems and commentaries by Francis Picabia, John Marin, Max Jacob, Georges Ribemont-Dessaignes, de Zayas, Stieglitz and other avant-garde", "title": "291 (magazine)" }, { "id": "862210", "text": "with the Baron Franz d'Épinay, and Viscount Albert de Morcerf, the son of Mercédès and Fernand. Dantès arranges for the young Morcerf to be captured by the bandit Luigi Vampa and then seemingly rescues him from Vampa's gang. The Count then moves to Paris and dazzles Danglars with his wealth, persuading him to extend him a credit of six million francs. The Count manipulates the bond market and quickly destroys a large portion of Danglars' fortune. The rest of it begins to rapidly disappear through mysterious bankruptcies, suspensions of payment, and more bad luck in the Stock Exchange. Villefort had", "title": "The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "3893994", "text": "Burnel. A soundtrack album, \"Gankutsuou Original Soundtrack\", was released on February 23, 2005 through the Victor Entertainment label Flying Dog. The album featured all music used in the anime including the opening and ending themes. A second album featuring the classical music sampled in the main soundtrack was released by Victor Entertainment on April 13, 2005. Both albums remain exclusive to Japan. \"Gankutsuou\" was first announced in March 2004, alongside its studio, its creator, and its status as an adaptation of Dumas's novel. The 24-episode anime aired on TV Asahi between October 5, 2004 and March 29, 2005; due to", "title": "Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo" }, { "id": "4791216", "text": "to cash in on the success of Eugène Sue's \"Les Mystères de Paris\". In it, Irishman Fergus O'Breane tries to avenge the wrongs of his countrymen by seeking the annihilation of England. The plot anticipates that of Alexandre Dumas, père's \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" by one year. The novel also features a Mafia-like criminal secret society called the \"Gentlemen of the Night\", a theme that will become recurrent in Féval's oeuvre. Féval published the series under the pseudonym \"Sir Francis Trollop\". With \"Les Mystères de Londres\", Féval became the equal of Dumas and Sue in the eyes of his", "title": "Paul Féval, père" }, { "id": "8377073", "text": "\" (Sevilla), \"Editorial Claretiana\" (Buenos Aires), \"Misioneros Claretianos\" (Madrid), \"Claretian Communications Foundation Inc.\" (Quezon City, formerly \"Claretian Publications\", established 1981) \"Claretian Publications\" (Bangalore) and \"Congregation Des Missionaires Claretians\" (Yaoundé).<refbibleclaret.org</ref> Another publisher called \"Claretian Publications\" is based in Chicago, Illinois and Skokie, Illinois. It issues the magazine \"U.S. Catholic\". The Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary in Rome (aka: The Claretians), had come to Southern California by way of Mexico in the early 1900s, working in Los Angeles inner city missions. Since 1908 the Claretians have operated the historic La Iglesia de Nuestra Señora Reina de los Angeles in", "title": "Claretians" }, { "id": "2021330", "text": "to become HarperCollins Publishing. The first press run of \"Harper's Magazine\"—7,500 copies—sold out almost immediately. Circulation was some 50,000 issues six months later. The early issues reprinted material pirated from English authors such as Charles Dickens, William Makepeace Thackeray, and the Brontë sisters. The magazine soon was publishing the work of American artists and writers, and in time commentary by the likes of Winston Churchill and Woodrow Wilson. Portions of Herman Melville's novel \"Moby Dick\" were first published in the October 1851 issue of \"Harper's\" under the title, \"The Town-Ho's Story\" (titled after Chapter 54 of \"Moby Dick\"). In 1962,", "title": "Harper's Magazine" }, { "id": "8517434", "text": "sugar exports, so he tried to smuggle the commodity out of Saint-Domingue from his plantation. He used a wharf in the neutral border territory (and tiny island) of Monte Cristo (today Monte Christi, Dominican Republic). (Some historians argue that this Monte Cristo was the \"real\" island that inspired Alexandre Dumas's \"The Count of Monte Cristo.\") Charles died of gout in 1773; Louis, the youngest of the Davy de la Pailleterie brothers, died three months later. He had served a 15-day sentence for being involved in selling defective weapons to the French military (a famous scandal at the time known as", "title": "Thomas-Alexandre Dumas" }, { "id": "3513122", "text": "Durrieu monograph, as the terms of Aumale's bequest forbade its removal from Chantilly. The work became increasingly famous, and increasingly reproduced. The first colour reproductions, using the technique of photogravure, appeared in 1940 in the French art quarterly \"Verve\". Each issue of this lavish magazine cost three hundred francs. In January 1948, the very popular American photo-magazine \"Life\" published a feature with full-page reproductions of the 12 calendar scenes, at a little larger than their actual size but at very low-quality. Catering to American sensibilities of the time, the magazine censored one of the images by retouching the genitals of", "title": "Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry" } ]	where was the count of monte cristo published
[ "Santa Monica" ]	[ { "id": "19910459", "text": "How to Be a Latin Lover How to Be a Latin Lover is a 2017 American comedy film directed by Ken Marino, written by Chris Spain and Jon Zack and stars Eugenio Derbez, Salma Hayek, Raphael Alejandro, Raquel Welch, Rob Riggle, Rob Huebel, Rob Corddry, Renée Taylor, Linda Lavin, Kristen Bell, and Rob Lowe. The film follows a man who has spent his whole life married to a rich old woman, and must learn to make it on his own when she kicks him out. It was released on April 28, 2017 by Pantelion Films and grossed $61 million worldwide.", "title": "How to Be a Latin Lover" }, { "id": "19910461", "text": "her nerdy son, Hugo, in their small apartment. During this time, two things occur: Eventually, Maximo becomes a gigolo for the woman Rick used to live with, and he patches up the relationship with his sister and nephew. On June 5, 2015, it was announced that Eugenio Derbez and Benjamin Odell's Santa Monica-based production shingle 3Pas Studios and Televisa/Lionsgate joint venture Pantelion Films had bought an untitled original comedy script from Chris Spain and Jon Zack, with Lionsgate releasing under its first look deal. On October 26, 2015, Ken Marino was attached to direct the film, starring Derbez. On April", "title": "How to Be a Latin Lover" }, { "id": "19910462", "text": "28, 2016, Rob Lowe, Kristen Bell, Raquel Welch and Rob Riggle joined the film's cast along with others including Renée Taylor, Rob Huebel, Michaela Watkins and Linda Lavin. On May 11, 2016, Mckenna Grace joined the cast. The first trailer was released on December 21, 2016. The film was released on April 28, 2017 by Lionsgate's Pantelion Films.codice_1 \"How to Be a Latin Lover\" has grossed $32.1 million in the United States and Canada and $29.7 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $61.9 million, against a production budget of $10 million. In North America, the film was", "title": "How to Be a Latin Lover" }, { "id": "19910464", "text": "based on 26 reviews, with an average rating of 4.9/10. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating, the film has a score 54 out of 100, based on 11 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"A\" on an A+ to F scale. \"How to be a Latin Lover\" was released on Digital HD on August 1, 2017, and was released two weeks later on Blu-ray and DVD on August 15, 2017. How to Be a Latin Lover How to Be a Latin Lover is a 2017 American comedy film", "title": "How to Be a Latin Lover" }, { "id": "14480801", "text": "Benjamin Odell (producer) Benjamin Odell is an American writer, director and producer of independent films. Odell was born in Philadelphia, and spent his childhood in the Main Line suburbs of Philadelphia. He studied creative writing and English literature at St. Lawrence University in Canton, NY. He holds an MFA in Film from Columbia University. Odell is a producer and screenwriter. Odell is a partner of 3pas Studios with Mexican comedian and director Eugenio Derbez. On April 28, 2017 their movie, \"How to Be a Latin Lover\", was released in the US, and on May 5 in Mexico. The movie was", "title": "Benjamin Odell (producer)" }, { "id": "11308516", "text": "many times during her career. La Santa Cecilia music video for the song Calaverita was partially filmed at the Mariachi Plaza and the film How to Be a Latin Lover. The Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority has a light rail subway station under the plaza on the Eastside extension of the Gold Line. The plaza has a direct route into Downtown Los Angeles and a connection to other lines of the Metro. The square will be revamped and retail is planned. Mariachi Plaza Mariachi Plaza is located in the Boyle Heights district of the city of Los Angeles, east of", "title": "Mariachi Plaza" }, { "id": "16336871", "text": "United States and $99 million worldwide. The film opened on 348 screens in the United States on its first weekend handily winning the week's best per screen average with $22,547 per screen before expanding to 717 screens. Derbez's 2017 release \"How to Be a Latin Lover\" became the studio's highest weekend box office performer earning $12 million in the last weekend of April in 2017.\" Pantelion also picked up its first English language film when it obtained the North American rights Paul Walker's film, \"Hours\". Two weeks prior to the film's release date of December 13, 2013, Walker was killed", "title": "Pantelion Films" }, { "id": "19910460", "text": "Having made a career of seducing rich older women, Maximo marries a wealthy woman more than twice his age. 25 years later, spoiled, out of shape and bored from waking up next to his now 80-year-old wife, he gets the surprise of his life when she ends up dumping him for a younger car salesman. Forced out of his mansion and desperate for a place to stay, he contacts Rick, another pampered gigolo. He crashes in the upscale playhouse of the woman's granddaughter, which does not go over very well. He soon moves in with his estranged sister, Sara, and", "title": "How to Be a Latin Lover" }, { "id": "7368774", "text": "role of Rico in the animated feature \"Underdogs\", directed by Juan J. Campanella. In 2013, Derbez starred in and directed \"Instructions Not Included\" the most successful Spanish-language film in the U.S. and worldwide, which broke numerous box office records, earning over $100 million. The Spanish-language comedy-drama became a surprise $44 million hit in the U.S., and the third highest-grossing film ($46 million) of the year in Mexico (only \"Despicable Me\" and \"Iron Man\" sequels did better). In 2016, Eugenio wrapped production on the Lionsgate/Pantelion feature \"How to Be a Latin Lover\" in which he starred with Salma Hayek, Rob Lowe,", "title": "Eugenio Derbez" }, { "id": "18778818", "text": "Latin Lover (film) Latin Lover is a 2015 Italian comedy-drama film written and directed by Cristina Comencini. It marked the last cinema appearance of Virna Lisi. The film received four nominations at the 2015 David di Donatello Awards, for best actress (Lisi), best costumes (Alessandro Lai), best makeup (Ermanno Spera) and best hairstyling (Alberta Giuliani). Upon the tenth anniversary of the death of fictional film star Saverio Crispo, his four daughters get together in the family manor in Apulia, Southern Italy. As Saverio used to be at the top of his game as an internationally known film star, he had", "title": "Latin Lover (film)" }, { "id": "19910463", "text": "released alongside \"The Circle\", \"Sleight\" and \"\", and was projected to gross about $7 million from 1,118 theaters in its opening weekend. The film ended up grossing $3.9 million on its first day and $12.3 million over the weekend, finishing second at the box office behind \"The Fate of the Furious\". 89% of the opening weekend audience was Hispanic. The film grossed $5.1 million in its second weekend (a drop of 58%) and $3.9 million in its third (dropping just 25%), finishing 4th and 7th, respectively. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 38%", "title": "How to Be a Latin Lover" }, { "id": "20059605", "text": "number of European actors moved their careers to Hollywood, some film historians, like Enno Patalas, prefer the term ‘stranger’ instead of a ‘lover’. Because of the American idea what a Latin lover should look like (dark hair, darker complexion), initial representatives of the type were indeed of Latin American or Mediterranean origin. Most popular among the first were Italian-born Rudolph Valentino and Ramon Novarro, born in Mexico. Director George Fitzmaurice, who directed Valentino in several of his movies, was very important for the launching of Latin lover character. Valentino is universally considered as the supreme representative of the type in", "title": "Latin lover" }, { "id": "20059603", "text": "Latin lover Latin lover is a stereotypical stock character, part of the star system. It appeared for the first time in Hollywood movies of the 1920s and, for the most part, lost popularity during World War II. The Latin lover was the first male acting type in the history of filmmaking whose behavior and destiny are set through his love relations with a woman, hence ‘lover’ though, as the type was depicted in the beginning, the term ‘seducer’ would be more suitable. Major characteristics describing the type include: When he appeared, the Latin lover was opposed to the absolutely dominant", "title": "Latin lover" }, { "id": "19028019", "text": "Mckenna Grace Mckenna Grace (born June 25, 2006) is an American child actress. She began acting professionally at the age of 6, her earliest roles including Jasmine Bernstein in the Disney XD comedy series \"Crash & Bernstein\" (2012–2014) and Faith Newman in the soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" (2013–2015). Her early film roles include supporting performances in the drama \"Mr. Church\" (2016), the science fiction film \"\" (2016), and the comedy \"How to Be a Latin Lover\" (2017). She gained recognition for her critically acclaimed performance in \"Gifted\" (2017), for which she was nominated for the Critics' Choice", "title": "Mckenna Grace" }, { "id": "1303818", "text": "include \"Forget About It\" (2006) and \"How to Be a Latin Lover\" (2017). In addition to the television special, \"Raquel!\", Welch television film work include the Western \"The Legend of Walks Far Woman\" (1982) and the drama \"Right to Die\" (1987) in which she turned in a stirring performance as a woman stricken with Lou Gehrig's disease. She also starred in the films \"Scandal in a Small Town\" (1988), \"Trouble in Paradise\" (1989), \"Torch Song\" (1993) and \"The Ultimate Legacy\" (2015). In 1978, Welch appeared in an episode of \"The Muppet Show\" and in 1979, for the series \"Mork &", "title": "Raquel Welch" }, { "id": "19685717", "text": "in the bathroom late at night developing a new trick after waking up to all the lights in the house flickering. The film premiered at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on January 23, 2016. On January 28, 2016, WWE Studios and BH Tilt acquired distribution rights to the film. The film was released on April 28, 2017, by WWE Studios and BH Tilt. In North America, \"Sleight\" was released alongside \"How to Be a Latin Lover\", \"\" and \"The Circle\", and was projected to gross $1–2 million from 565 theaters in its opening weekend. It ended up debuting to $1.7", "title": "Sleight" }, { "id": "18863072", "text": "\"How to Be a Latin Lover\", \"\" and \"Sleight\", and was projected to gross $10–12 million from 3,163 theaters during its opening weekend. However, the film underperformed, debuting at number five with $9 million, behind \"The Fate of the Furious\", \"How to Be a Latin Lover\", \"\" and \"The Boss Baby\". On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 16% based on 119 reviews, with an average rating of 4.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"The Circle\" assembles an impressive cast, but this digitally driven thriller spins aimlessly in its half-hearted exploration of timely themes.\" On", "title": "The Circle (2017 film)" }, { "id": "16350444", "text": "of US $4.8 million. Filming was originally planned for April 2011, but had to be rescheduled due to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. The film was eventually shot over eight weeks in October 2011. It was shot on location in Tokyo and Yokohama. The film's initial production title was \"The End\". It was Kiarostami's second feature film shot entirely outside his native Iran, following \"Certified Copy\" (2010) which was shot in Italy in 2009. The film received mostly positive reviews by critics. It holds an 83% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 94 reviews, with an average rating", "title": "Like Someone in Love (film)" }, { "id": "19115222", "text": "locations across Virginia. Filming also took place in Ashland, Berkeley Plantation in Charles City County, Church Hill, Virginia Historical Society, Supreme Court of Virginia, Old City Hall, Crewe's Place in Charles City County, and Hopewell, Virginia, as well as scenes on private property in the localities of Ruther Glen, Prince George, Tappahannock, Hanover County and King William County. Principal photography was confirmed to have ended in Virginia on October 27, 2015, however, additional periods of shooting were added with filming being push up until November 19, 2015, while with post-production beginning subsequent to filming closure, and on April 1, 2016,", "title": "Loving (2016 film)" }, { "id": "13722455", "text": "and searching for what she really wanted in life. Newly divorced and at a crossroads, Gilbert steps out of her comfort zone, risking everything to change her life, embarking on a journey around the world that becomes a quest for self-discovery. In her travels, she discovers the true pleasure of nourishment by eating in Italy, the power of prayer in India, and, finally and unexpectedly, the inner peace and balance of true love in Indonesia. \"Eat Pray Love\" began principal photography in August 2009. Filming locations include New York City (United States), Rome and Naples (Italy), Delhi and Pataudi (India),", "title": "Eat Pray Love" }, { "id": "15030861", "text": "met her again at the 2011 International Indian Film Academy Awards in Toronto. Though originally planned for shooting partly in the United Kingdom, production began in Queensland, Australia, on 8 November 2010. It concluded there on the third week of December 2010. The production then moved to India on 31 March 2011 for a further five weeks, roaming the rocky terrain of Chambal, Orchha and Gwalior in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Principal photography wrapped on 23 April 2011. The film was planned to premiere at the 65th annual Cannes International Film Festival in May 2012, but in late 2011", "title": "The Lovers (2013 film)" }, { "id": "20059604", "text": "type of male character in Hollywood at the time, a man of action, who represented a fighter for justice, freedom or some other cause. At the same time, the Latin lover was the first distinct non-American type. It was the result of several factors: crisis of faith in the supremacy of a male as a consequence of the horrors of World War I, growing female emancipation but also Hollywood’s effort to conquer the film markets of Europe, whose audience was deemed more refined at the time. Due to the non-American attributes of the type and a fact that a noticeable", "title": "Latin lover" }, { "id": "7902169", "text": "Latin Lover (TV series) Latin Lover is a joint telenovela production between Venevisión (Venezuela), Iguana Producciones (Peru), and Playboy Entertainment Group (United States). It centers around the production of a fictional telenovela (a novela-within-the-novela, also translated as \"Latin Lover\"), and follows the lives (mainly the sex lives) of the actors and production staff involved in the show, as well as other tangential characters. The show features a large main cast of at least 23 credited performers. Each episode features a number of softcore pornographic and simulated sexy scenes, commonly including full frontal and rear nudity, though rarely showing either male", "title": "Latin Lover (TV series)" }, { "id": "18896508", "text": "who kind of just put it all on the line for that.\" Principal photography on the film officially began in the city on August 10, 2015, and filming took place in more than 60 locations both in and near Los Angeles, including the Angels Flight trolley in downtown, houses in the Hollywood Hills, the Colorado Street Bridge, the Rialto Theatre in South Pasadena, the Warner Bros. studio lot, the Grand Central Market, Hermosa Beach's Lighthouse Cafe, Chateau Marmont Hotel, and the Watts Towers, with many scenes shot in one take. It took 40 days to complete shooting, finishing in mid-September", "title": "La La Land (film)" }, { "id": "19115221", "text": "On October 12, 2015, filming occurred outside 2201 E. Franklin Street, Richmond between the hours of 6 a.m. and 8 p.m. On October 15, 2015, vintage vehicles were spotted in the area around Venable Street in Richmond. On October 28, 2015, filming had begun in Petersburg, with the main filming location occurring along Sycamore Street from Washington Street to Bank Street from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. On November 3, 2015, with filming occurring at the Museum District, Richmond, Virginia. On November 19, 2015, the final day of filming, shooting took place at Richmond Dragway in Sandston, Virginia and other", "title": "Loving (2016 film)" }, { "id": "19115200", "text": "Marton Csokas, Nick Kroll, and Michael Shannon are all featured in supporting roles. Principal photography began in Richmond, Virginia, on September 16, 2015, and ended on November 19. The locations used for \"Loving\" were mainly based in Richmond, also in King and Queen County, Caroline County, Central Point, and Bowling Green. \"Loving\" began a limited release in the United States on November 4, 2016, before a wide release on November 11, 2016. The film received positive reviews, and was named one of the best films of 2016 by several media outlets. The film was selected to compete for the Palme", "title": "Loving (2016 film)" }, { "id": "18778820", "text": "Italian-born Rita and the Spanish-born Ramona, are also present at the family reunion. The meeting happens as Saverio's hometown celebrates the late actor's life and achievements, but apparently many secrets are yet to be unveiled about his life and his family. Final film of Virna Lisi. She was already very ill from cancer during production and died shortly after. The film is dedicated to her in the end credit. Latin Lover (film) Latin Lover is a 2015 Italian comedy-drama film written and directed by Cristina Comencini. It marked the last cinema appearance of Virna Lisi. The film received four nominations", "title": "Latin Lover (film)" }, { "id": "1211716", "text": "Pacino won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance and the film was nominated for Best Director, Best Picture and Best Screenplay Based on Material Previously Produced or Published. The film won three major awards at the Golden Globe Awards: Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Actor and Best Motion Picture – Drama. The film was shot primarily around New York state, and also on location at Princeton University, at the Emma Willard School, an all-girls school in Troy, New York, and at the Ethical Culture Fieldston School in New York City. Charlie Simms is a student at the Baird", "title": "Scent of a Woman (1992 film)" }, { "id": "18778819", "text": "liaisons with different women across the world, thus having several love children. His children include his Italian daughter, Susanna, who is secretly engaged to Walter, the former editor of Saverio's latest movies, his French daughter, Stéphanie, a mother of three sons from different men, his Spanish daughter, Segunda, the only one being married, and his youngest daughter, Solveig, from Sweden, who had little to no contact with her late father. None of the four women got to really know their late father, but each of them has fabricated an idealized and very personal memory of him. Saverio's two widows, the", "title": "Latin Lover (film)" }, { "id": "5750364", "text": "Wartime\", Tyler Perry’s \"Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor\", and more recently, \"The Do-Over\" and \"How To Be a Latin Lover\".” Taylor married actor Joseph Bologna on August 7, 1965, in Stamford, Connecticut. They have two children, a son, Gabriel who is an actor and a daughter, Zizi who works as a film producer. They were married until Bologna's death in August 2017. Taylor is Jewish. Renée Taylor Renée Taylor (née Renée Wexler; March 19, 1933) is an American actress and writer. She is known for playing Fran Drescher's title character's outspoken mother, Sylvia Fine, on the TV series \"The", "title": "Renée Taylor" }, { "id": "20229842", "text": "Continents International Film Festival, Puerto La Cruz, Venezuela, June 2017 1- Nominee for Best Narrative Feature Film at the Barcelona Planet Film Festival, Barcelona, Spain, May 2017 The Lover (2016 film) The Lover is a fiction film produced and directed by Mahmoud Shoolizadeh, that has participated in several international film festivals in 2016 and 2017. The movie was mainly filmed in St. Mary's, Georgia, and was screened at locations such as the historic Theater by the Trax in St Mary's Georgia, and the historic Sun Ray Cinema in Jacksonville Florida. Several news articles and online magazines describe the movie's shooting", "title": "The Lover (2016 film)" }, { "id": "19731845", "text": "and Tracy Letts in negotiations to star. Filming reportedly concluded on May 27, 2016, after more than a month of shooting in and around the Santa Clarita Valley. It had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 22, 2017. The film was released on May 5, 2017. Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions acquired international distribution rights to the film. \"The Lovers\" received positive reviews from film critics. It holds an 85% approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 98 reviews, with a weighted average of 7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"With appealing leads and", "title": "The Lovers (2017 film)" }, { "id": "7583195", "text": "Golden Oak Ranch Golden Oak Ranch is an 890-acre (360 ha) movie ranch owned by the Disney Studio Services division of Walt Disney Studios subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company that serves as a filming location and backlot. The ranch is off of Placerita Canyon Road in Newhall, California, less than an hour north of Los Angeles; its entrance is about 2 miles (3.2 km) from Placerita Canyon Road's intersection with California State Route 14. The ranch is on land that was part of the Rancho San Francisco land grant. It was named in honor of Francisco Lopez, the man", "title": "Golden Oak Ranch" }, { "id": "8516659", "text": "set in Istanbul, Turkey. Locations included the Basilica Cistern, Hagia Sophia and the Sirkeci railway station, which also was used for the Belgrade and Zagreb railway stations. The MI6 office in London, SPECTRE Island, the Venice hotel and the interior scenes of the Orient Express were filmed at Pinewood Studios with some footage of the train. In the film, the train journey was set in Eastern Europe. The journey and the truck ride were shot in Argyll, Scotland and Switzerland. The end scenes for the film were shot in Venice. However, to qualify for the British film funding of the", "title": "From Russia with Love (film)" }, { "id": "18751426", "text": "talks to join the film on June 19, 2014. Dakota Johnson, Rebel Wilson, and Leslie Mann were all cast in the film on January 29, 2015. Damon Wayans, Jr. was added to the cast on March 6, 2015. Jason Mantzoukas and Nicholas Braun were also cast, on April 14, 2015; Braun played the love interest of Johnson's character, while Mantzoukas played the love interest of Brie's. Anders Holm was cast as Tom, and \"Saturday Night Live\" performer Colin Jost was also cast in a supporting role. Principal photography began on April 20, 2015 in New York City, and ended on", "title": "How to Be Single" }, { "id": "13090451", "text": "Latin Lovers (1953 film) Latin Lovers is a Technicolor 1953 romantic musical comedy film made by MGM. It was directed by Mervyn LeRoy, and written by Isobel Lennart. The music score is by Nicholas Brodszky, and the cinematographer was Joseph Ruttenberg. Nora Taylor has a fortune worth $37 million, but fears men only want her for her money. The current man in her life is Paul Chevron, who is even wealthier than she is. Paul delays further discussion of marriage until he returns from a trip to Brazil to play polo. After hearing that men who go to Brazil often", "title": "Latin Lovers (1953 film)" }, { "id": "10995394", "text": "Ruiz and Mariano Dawidson. \"Báilalo A Lo Loco\" premiered on August 7, 2013, was shot in India, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, the United States, Saudi Arabia, the Netherlands, Italy, Puerto Rico and China, and was directed by Latin Grammy-Award winner director Alejandro Santiago Ciena. \"Las Nenas Lindas\" premiered on February 13, 2014, was filmed in Medellín, Colombia and was directed by Andrés Villa; \"Living In Your World\" was published on July 14, 2014, was shot in San Andrés, Colombia and was directed by Flickmotion company. \"Isla del Encanto\" premiered on February 3, 2017, three and a half years after \"Sobredoxis\"", "title": "Jowell & Randy" }, { "id": "20059606", "text": "the film history. Symbol of what lover should be and look like in the 1920s, his enormous popularity was enhanced by the unusual personal life and a fact that he was the first male star whose private life was compared to the characters he played. Building of the Valentino myth was sealed with his premature death at the age of 31. They were followed by other typecast actors like Ricardo Cortez, Antonio Moreno, Gilbert Roland, Rod La Rocque and Adolphe Menjou, the first who brought a certain measure of cynicism to the type. As the Latin lovers rapidly gained popularity", "title": "Latin lover" }, { "id": "3825937", "text": "death, and especially on the infirmities that precede it. It is necessary for Fermina and Florentino to transcend not only the difficulties of love, but also the societal opinion that love is a young person's prerogative (not to mention the physical difficulties of love when one is older). Stone Village Pictures bought the movie rights from the author for US$3 million, and Mike Newell was chosen to direct it, with Ronald Harwood writing the script. Filming started in Cartagena, Colombia, during September 2006. The $50 million film, the first major foreign production filmed in the scenic walled city in twenty", "title": "Love in the Time of Cholera" }, { "id": "20273569", "text": "joined the cast of the film. This is the first film released by AwesomenessTV after its acquisition by Viacom. Principal photography began in Vancouver, British Columbia and the surrounding areas on July 5, 2017. Parts of the film were shot in Portland, Oregon, which is also the setting for the film. Scenes at Lara Jean's high school were filmed at Point Grey Secondary School. Production concluded on August 4, 2017. In March 2018, Netflix acquired distribution rights to the film, and released it on August 17, 2018. On the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating", "title": "To All the Boys I've Loved Before (film)" }, { "id": "19115262", "text": "October 9, and the Austin Film Festival on October 13, 2016. On October 13, an advanced screening was held at Landmark's E Street Cinema in Washington, DC, featuring a panel discussion with Philip Hirschkop. \"Loving\" was selected to screen at Festival do Rio in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on October 10, until October 17, 2016. The film was selected as the closing-night film of the Mill Valley Film Festival on October 16, and on October 20, it held its L.A. premiere at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in Beverly Hills, California. On October 23, the film was", "title": "Loving (2016 film)" }, { "id": "10299781", "text": "until he got the rights. It is the first filming of a García Márquez novel by a Hollywood studio, rather than by Latin American or Italian directors. It is also the first English-language work of Academy Award-nominated Brazilian actress Fernanda Montenegro, who portrays Tránsito Ariza. In late 19th century Cartagena, a river port in Colombia, Florentino Ariza falls in love at first sight with Fermina Daza. They secretly correspond, and she eventually agrees to marry him, but her father discovers their relationship and sends her to stay with distant relatives (mainly her grandmother and niece). When she returns some years", "title": "Love in the Time of Cholera (film)" }, { "id": "5589190", "text": "workers of the cinema industry complained about this and other polemical issues. In 2007, she was given at Gijón International Film Festival, a National Film Award named after Nacho Martinez. Her last cinematic success was the film \"Latin Lover\" (Spanish: Mi familia Italiana) (2015). Goya Awards Screen Actors Guild Awards Fotogramas de Plata Union of Actors Awards Marisa Paredes María Luisa Paredes Bartolomé, (born 3 April 1946 in Madrid), better known in show business as Marisa Paredes, is a Spanish actress. Paredes began acting in 1960 film, \"091 Policia al Habla\" (\"091, Police Speaking!\") She became a teen idol across", "title": "Marisa Paredes" }, { "id": "16799122", "text": "by David Blair McKenna, a long time friend of Yohe's who provided her his home as a place to get sober, as depicted in the film, so she could enter rehab. Principal photography started on February 23, 2011, exactly five years after Yohe and Tworkowski first met. Filming went until March 29, 2011, and was shot entirely in Yohe's home town of Orlando, Florida. Various scenes were shot at Valencia Community College, The DAVE School, Full Sail University and Wall Street Plaza. The film features songs from Travis McCoy, Paper Route, Rachael Yamagata, Dead Man's Bones, Corbin Bleu, Between the", "title": "To Write Love on Her Arms (film)" }, { "id": "16531655", "text": "Early production of the series started in May 29, 2012, with Suzette Doctolero (who had recently written and finally aired on the show Hiram Na Puso) working as the creator, and at the same time, the head writer of the series, executive producer Nieva Sabit, creative director Jun Lana, director Andoy Ranay and Lilybeth Rasonable headed as the overall in-charge of the production. The series films in part in Lipa, Batangas and Manila. It is set in a fictional docks and port terminal, where the Shipping company of Carlos Samonte, the character portrayed by Raymond Bagatsing, and where the lead", "title": "One True Love (TV series)" }, { "id": "20558855", "text": "in September 2018. In August 2018, Chris Cooper was added to the cast to play Junod's father, and in September, Susan Kelechi Watson was added. In October 2018, Enrico Colantoni, Maryann Plunkett, Tammy Blanchard, Wendy Makkena, Sakina Jaffrey, Carmen Cusack, Noah Harpster and Maddie Corman joined the cast of the film. Principal photography on the film began on September 10, 2018 in Pittsburgh, with several sets converted into New York City. Filming also took place in Fred Rogers Studio at WQED (TV) where the late television host recorded Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. Production wrapped on November 9, 2018. On October 12,", "title": "You Are My Friend (film)" }, { "id": "19483391", "text": "to portray the role of Jesus Christ. In July 2016, Chiwetel Ejiofor and Tahar Rahim joined the cast of the film. In September 2016, Hadas Yaron joined the cast of the film. Hildur Guðnadóttir and Jóhann Jóhannsson composed the film's score, the latter's final score before his death in February 2018. Principal photography began on October 3, 2016 and concluded on December 2, 2016. The film was shot in Rome and in multiple locations in Southern Italy including Matera in Basilicata, Gravina in Puglia in Apulia, Trapani in Sicily and Naples in Campania. In February 2016, it was reported that", "title": "Mary Magdalene (2018 film)" }, { "id": "20059610", "text": "the type survived through the 1980s in the cinema of South America and was revived to some extent in the 1990s with Antonio Banderas. Other Latin lovers of the world cinema, partially or through their whole careers, include Warner Baxter, Ivan Petrovich, Pierre Blanchard, George Raft, Cesar Romero, Fernando Lamas, Ricardo Montalban, John Gavin, George Hamilton, Jean Paul Belmondo, Alain Delon, Al Pacino, Sylvester Stallone, John Travolta, Andy Garcia, Olivier Martinez and Vincent Perez. In time, the term spread to other arts, like the music, with typical representatives being father and son Julio Iglesias and Enrique Iglesias. Latin lover Latin", "title": "Latin lover" }, { "id": "14096655", "text": "film premiered in September 2009 at the Venice Film Festival, followed by showings at various film festivals around the world. It first went on general release in Italy in March 2010, followed by the UK and Ireland in April 2010. In the United States it had only a limited release in June 2010, before being released on DVD in October 2010. The film received a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Costume Design at the 83rd Academy Awards. The wealthy Recchi family are first and second-generation textile manufacturers in Milan. Tancredi Recchi (Pippo Delbono) and his wife Emma (Swinton)", "title": "I Am Love (film)" }, { "id": "1009514", "text": "shot scenes at Burbank's Safari Inn Motel. \"True Romance\" (1993) also filmed on location at the motel. \"Back to the Future\" (1985) shot extensively on the Universal Studios backlot but also filmed band audition scenes at the Burbank Community Center. San Fernando Blvd. doubled for San Diego in \"\" (1997) while much of Christopher Nolan's \"Memento\" was shot in and around Burbank with scenes on Burbank Blvd., at the Blue Room (a local bar also featured in the 1994 Michael Mann feature \"Heat\"), the tattoo parlor, as well as the character Natalie's home. The city's indoor shopping mall, Burbank Town", "title": "Burbank, California" }, { "id": "10299783", "text": "A lowly clerk, he plods resolutely over many years to approach the wealth and social standing of Dr. Urbino. When the now-elderly doctor dies suddenly, Florentino immediately and impertinently resumes courting Fermina. Much of the film takes place in the historic, walled city of Cartagena in Colombia. Some screen shots showed the Magdalena River and the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain range. London based animation studio VooDooDog created the title sequence and end sequence. These sequences draw inspirations from the colors and atmosphere of South America. According to an interview by Colombian magazine \"Revista Semana\", Scott Steindorff, producer of", "title": "Love in the Time of Cholera (film)" }, { "id": "8374432", "text": "\"The Truce\" (1974), \"Camila\" (1984), \"Tango\" (1998), \"Son of the Bride\" (2001), The Secret In Their Eyes (2009, which also won the award) and \"Wild Tales (2014)\". More recently, a new style of directing and stories filmed has been tagged as \"New Latin American Cinema,\" although this label was also used in the 1960s and 1970s. In Mexico movies such as \"Como agua para chocolate\" (1992), \"Cronos\" (1993), \"Amores perros\" (2000), \"Y tu mamá también\" (2001), Pan's Labyrinth (2006) and Babel (2006) have been successful in creating universal stories about contemporary subjects, and were internationally recognised, as in the prestigious", "title": "Latin American cinema" }, { "id": "7583200", "text": "the opening scene of the 2011 romantic comedy \"No Strings Attached\" was also filmed here. Golden Oak Ranch Golden Oak Ranch is an 890-acre (360 ha) movie ranch owned by the Disney Studio Services division of Walt Disney Studios subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company that serves as a filming location and backlot. The ranch is off of Placerita Canyon Road in Newhall, California, less than an hour north of Los Angeles; its entrance is about 2 miles (3.2 km) from Placerita Canyon Road's intersection with California State Route 14. The ranch is on land that was part of the", "title": "Golden Oak Ranch" }, { "id": "20229840", "text": "Walk, Orlando, Florida, USA, February 2017 12 - Los Angeles CineFest International Film Festival, Santa Monica, CA, USA, January 2017 11 - Mediterranean Film Festival (MedFF), in Sicily, Italy, 2017 10 - 14th Central Michigan International Film Festival 2017, Michigan, USA, February 2017 9 - 17th Woodstock Museum International Film Festival, Woodstock, NY, USA, Sep 2016 8 - 15th Broadway International Film Festival, LA, USA., Aug 2016 7 - Feel the Reel International Film Festival, Glasgow, United Kingdom, Sep 2016 6 - 17th Woodstock Museum International Film Festival, in Woodstock, NY, USA, Sep 2016 5 - IndieWise Virtual International Film", "title": "The Lover (2016 film)" }, { "id": "2144208", "text": "built in the Mediterranean island of Malta at Fort Ricasoli from April to June 2003. Other important scenes were shot in Mellieħa, a small town in the north of Malta, and on the small island of Comino. The outer walls of Troy were built and filmed in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. Film production was disrupted for a period after Hurricane Marty affected filming areas. The role of Briseis was initially offered to Bollywood superstar Aishwarya Rai, but she refused it because she was not comfortable doing the lovemaking scenes that were included. The role eventually went to Rose Byrne. Composer", "title": "Troy (film)" }, { "id": "17442850", "text": "began on September 23, 2013. The film was shot at Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, England, where Disney's \"\" and \"Maleficent\" were also filmed, and at various other locations including Hampton Court Palace, Blenheim Palace, Windsor Castle, Cliveden, Old Royal Naval College, and Black Park. Although the royal palace is mainly computer-generated, it has been modeled after the Zwinger in Dresden, Germany. Post-production began in December 2013, and was completed in August 2014. The finished film was rated PG for \"mild thematic elements\" by the Motion Picture Association of America. In the United Kingdom, the film received a U classification for", "title": "Cinderella (2015 Disney film)" }, { "id": "18937945", "text": "technique from Spike Lee. Filming of the first season, which took seven months, started in August 2015 and took place mainly in the Cinecittà studios, where the interior of the Vatican was recreated. Exterior shots and garden scenes were taken at a number of villas, primarily Villa Lante (Bagnaia), Villa Medici, and Orto Botanico dell'Università di Roma \"La Sapienza\", while some interior shots were also taken inside Palazzo Venezia. Parts of the last episode were shot in piazza San Marco in Venice. The series premiered on 21 October 2016 on Sky Atlantic in Italy, Germany, and Austria, 27 October 2016", "title": "The Young Pope" }, { "id": "17736106", "text": "Production began in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and was filmed at North Toronto Collegiate Institute primarily. It is directed by Paul Hoen, executive produced by Robin Schorr and Adam Kossack, co-executive produced by Dan Seligmann and written by Jason Mayland. The film was originally released on Watch Disney Channel on August 11, 2014. It premiered on August 15, 2014 on Disney Channel in the United States and Family Channel in Canada. Ariana Grande's music video for \"Break Free\" also aired on Disney Channel during the movie as well as new episodes of \"Dog With a Blog\" and \"Girl Meets World\" following", "title": "How to Build a Better Boy" }, { "id": "18589581", "text": "in Dublin. Filming also took place in the coastal town of Donabate, and at Russborough House, which was used as the exterior for two different residences in the film, and at Howth Castle, which featured as the exterior of 'Churchill'. For three weeks, scenes were shot on-location at the Newbridge Estate. On 16 March 2015, it was announced that filming on the production had wrapped. In a thirty-minute interview for AOL Build released on May 12, 2016 on YouTube between Stillman and Beckinsale, Beckinsale indicated that the entire filming was completed in 27 days. The film's assembly edit took place", "title": "Love & Friendship" }, { "id": "18126292", "text": "and to follow actors performing a play about ancient Rome. The Coens shelved the idea until late 2013. Principal photography began in November 2014 in Los Angeles, California. The film premiered in Los Angeles on February 1, 2016, and was released in the United States on February 5, 2016. It grossed $63 million worldwide and received positive reviews from critics. The film was chosen by National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of 2016 and it received an Academy Award nomination for Best Production Design. In 1951, Eddie Mannix is the head of physical production at", "title": "Hail, Caesar!" }, { "id": "16458051", "text": "was produced through the director's Austrian company Ulrich Seidl Film, with Germany's Tat Film and France's Société Parisienne as co-producers. Further co-production support came from the broadcasters ORF, Arte and Degeto. The project received funding from the Austrian Film Institute, Filmfonds Wien, Land Niederösterreich, Eurimages, the French National Center of Cinematography and Medien- und Filmgesellschaft Baden-Württemberg. Principal photography of the whole three-part project took place between 22 October 2009 and 14 September 2010 in Kenya and Vienna. Everything was shot on location, so that real events could be captured along with the fictitious content. The screenplay contained instructions for what", "title": "Paradise: Love" }, { "id": "19896756", "text": "Film (Romania), Augenschein Filmproduktion (Germany), and Sophie Dulac Productions (France). The casting for the film began in August 2014 with Christina Paul of Germany being in charge of the make-up team while André Rigaut was the sound mixer for the team, along with 2 cameras on board. In October 2014 the film received a grant of 361,000 Euros from the Romanian National Film Center, a half of what was needed. The producer (Oana Kelemen) has then made an appeal, and received 2 million Euros in compensation. The film was supposed to begin shooting in summer/fall of 2015 but was delayed", "title": "Ana, mon amour" }, { "id": "15082896", "text": "hosted by Mexican model and presenter Rebecca de Alba, who is also part of the jury alongside the Venezuelan designer Ángel Sánchez and the Colombian model and presenter Monica Fonseca. The designers were mentored by the Argentinian designer Mariano Toledo. The third season of Project Runway Latin America aired on September 2, 2013, and was released on Glitz*. It was filmed in Mexico City, Mexico and included the participation of 16 designers from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, Mexico, and Venezuela. It was hosted by the Venezuelan presenter Eglantine Zingg, who is also part of the jury along", "title": "Project Runway Latin America" }, { "id": "144235", "text": "Matteo Rovere, and \"Mediterranea\" and \"A Ciambra\" by Jonas Carpignano. \"Call Me by Your Name\" (2017), the final installment in Luca Guadagnino's thematic \"Desire\" trilogy, following \"I Am Love\" (2009) and \"A Bigger Splash\" (2015), received widespread acclaim and numerous accolades, including the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay in 2018. Cinema of Italy The Cinema of Italy comprises the films made within Italy or by Italian directors. The first Italian director is considered to be Vittorio Calcina, a collaborator of the Lumière Brothers, who filmed Pope Leo XIII in 1896. Since its beginning, Italian cinema has influenced film movements", "title": "Cinema of Italy" }, { "id": "13262505", "text": "script five weeks before it was due for preparation. She said that \"There was time to think about storytelling. I never had that on any show; it's just wonderful.\" Filming took place in both Los Angeles and Miami. The scenes filmed in Miami were shot in July 2006; those in Los Angeles were shot later. Scenes at the beach where Yelina talks with Rita and where her fiancé's body washes up were filmed at South Beach Park in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, north of Miami. A waterfront house on Hibiscus Island in Biscayne Bay, Florida stood in for the Castillos' home.", "title": "Love American Style (Dexter)" }, { "id": "20059609", "text": "the adventurer or the swashbuckler type. Outbreak of the war made the type look totally obsolete, so after the war ended only rare actors appeared in the type, and even then, only for the short period of their careers: Louis Jourdan and Gérard Philipe in the late 1940s, Tony Curtis and Rossano Brazzi in the 1950s and Omar Sharif in the late 1960s. Marcello Mastroianni did some type acting but also very effectively evoked and parodied it in several roles, while only partially it was represented by Robert Redford, Burt Reynolds, Gérard Depardieu and Michael York in the 1970s. Still,", "title": "Latin lover" }, { "id": "18037276", "text": "Balinale Balinale, also known as the Bali International Film Festival, is a non-profit, non-government foundation that was established in 2007. It aims to provide a global audience to Indonesian film makers, as well as to entice foreign film-makers to feature Indonesia in their films. Through this, several places have become shooting locations for Hollywood movies such as \"Eat Pray Love\" by Ryan Murphy, Born To Be Wild by David Lickley, \"Savages\" by Oliver Stone and Alex Cross by Rob Cohen. Balinale is recognized internationally for the diversity of its programming consisting of Indonesian and international independent and award-winning fiction, documentary,", "title": "Balinale" }, { "id": "13090452", "text": "fall for the beautiful women there, Nora decides to fly there and surprise Paul, taking along trusty secretary Anne. It is she who meets a new romantic interest, dashing Roberto Santos, who sweeps her off her feet. Once again, though, Nora is concerned about whether it's her or her riches that attracts him, so she announces her intention to give away all her money. Roberto is unhappy about that, so Nora leaves him. Having remained calm during Nora's distraction with a new man, Paul returns to the U.S. and proposes marriage to her. Nora realizes she is not in love", "title": "Latin Lovers (1953 film)" }, { "id": "20229837", "text": "The Lover (2016 film) The Lover is a fiction film produced and directed by Mahmoud Shoolizadeh, that has participated in several international film festivals in 2016 and 2017. The movie was mainly filmed in St. Mary's, Georgia, and was screened at locations such as the historic Theater by the Trax in St Mary's Georgia, and the historic Sun Ray Cinema in Jacksonville Florida. Several news articles and online magazines describe the movie's shooting and international film festival participation around the world. \"An old lover gentleman, Joe, goes to great lengths to set up his perfect wedding anniversary, but his plan", "title": "The Lover (2016 film)" }, { "id": "14096654", "text": "I Am Love (film) I Am Love () is a 2009 Italian romantic drama film directed by Luca Guadagnino, set in Milan around the year 2000. The film follows an \"haute bourgeois\" family through changing times and fortunes, and its disruption by the forces of passion. It is the first installment in Guadagnino's self-described \"Desire\" trilogy, preceding \"A Bigger Splash\" (2015) and \"Call Me by Your Name\" (2017). The cast is led by Tilda Swinton as Emma Recchi. Producers Swinton and Guadagnino developed the film together over an 11-year period. The film's soundtrack uses pre-existing compositions by John Adams. The", "title": "I Am Love (film)" }, { "id": "15942236", "text": "double-bill on 20 June. \"True Love\" was originally titled \"Love Life\" but was re-titled, as ITV also has a TV series with the same title. While each episode is self-contained, the series is set in the English seaside town of Margate, Kent. There is some overlap between episodes. \"True Love\" was filmed entirely in Margate and surrounding areas between early September and mid-October 2011. Billie Piper's episode was partially shot at The Charles Dickens School in Broadstairs, where some of the current students were invited to be extras, filming scenes alongside Piper. Other prominent locations include Botany Bay, Turner Contemporary,", "title": "True Love (TV series)" }, { "id": "4028175", "text": "Park Club, Turville, and Cobstone Windmill in Buckinghamshire, and Southall, Somerset House, Little Venice, the London Eye, and the National Film Theatre in London. Other locations include the Golden Temple of Amritsar, the beaches of Goa, the Grand Canyon, the Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, and Santa Monica Beach. Ashanti sings \"Take Me to Love\" and \"Touch My Body\" in the film. According to director Gurinder Chadha in \"making-of\" extras on the DVD release, Ashanti's appearance is an homage to the tradition of a celebrity making a cameo appearance to sing an \"item number\", a song that has", "title": "Bride and Prejudice" }, { "id": "11314922", "text": "but opted out. The heroines share very limited time on screen together and therefore most of their parts were filmed separately. Deepika Padukone's portions were filmed in Sydney, Australia while the song \"Khuda Jaane\" was shot at locations in Italy, including Venice, Alberobello and Santa Cesarea Terme (Apulia), Naples and Capri. Minissha Lamba's portions, inspired by Yash Chopra's \"Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge\", were filmed in the similar locales of Amritsar and Switzerland. Bipasha Basu's portions were filmed in Mumbai, India and Capri, Italy. Ranbir Kapoor's look in the film was styled by Aki Narula, which changed with time. In title", "title": "Bachna Ae Haseeno" }, { "id": "20436253", "text": "previews, an improvement from the $450,000 made by Derbez's \"How to Be a Latin Lover\" the year before. The film went on to debut to $14.8 million, finishing second, behind holdover \"\"; like Derbez's other films, Latinos made up at least a plurality of the audience (41%). \"Overboard\" fell 31% to $10.1 million in its second week, dropping to fourth, behind \"Avengers: Infinity War\" ($64.8 million), \"Life of the Party\" ($18.2 million) and \"Breaking In\" ($16.5 million). On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 25% based on 80 reviews, and an average rating of 4.2/10. The website's", "title": "Overboard (2018 film)" }, { "id": "12527052", "text": "Lester), a cab driver, and a place, 'El Corazon'. The film features various London locations, including the interior of the British Museum. The interior scenes of the Salsa club 'El Corazon' were filmed in a real Salsa club called the Loughborough Hotel in Loughborough Road, Brixton, South London, now a converted block of flats. Also all the Salsa dancers were club members who participated in the film as extras. The soundtrack includes a number of Latin dance hits: Born Romantic Born Romantic is a 2000 British film directed by David Kane. The film is centered on a salsa club and", "title": "Born Romantic" }, { "id": "1600110", "text": "when the characters were speaking a language unfamiliar to them, and some of the crude language used by the Roman soldiers was not translated in the subtitles. The film was produced independently and shot in Italy, primarily at Cinecittà Studios in Rome, in the old city of Matera, and in the ghost town of Craco (Basilicata). The estimated US$30 million production cost, plus an additional estimated $15 million in marketing costs, were fully borne by Gibson and his company, Icon Productions. According to the DVD special feature, Martin Scorsese had recently finished his film, \"Gangs of New York\", and Gibson", "title": "The Passion of the Christ" }, { "id": "20489368", "text": "broadcast as a part of their 'Winterfest 2018' seasoning of programming in January 2018. Filming took place in British Columbia in November and December 2017, with location filming in Revelstoke downtown, the Revelstoke Forum, Grizzly Plaza and at Revelstoke Mountain Resort. Whilst the bookstore scenes were filmed on a specially built set the library scenes were filmed in Maple Ridge Public Library. The film premiered on the Hallmark Channel on January 13, 2018 as part of their Winterfest season of programming. Frozen in Love Frozen in Love is a 2018 American-Canadian made for television romantic drama film directed by Scott", "title": "Frozen in Love" }, { "id": "15378887", "text": "not wanting to cause trouble to anyone, but Adrian professes his love to her and they embrace. In the end, it is revealed they moved to a small town to have their first child, and Adrian secretly settled Viola's debt. The film is set in Castiglione della Pescaia and in Rome. Filming started in Rome on 24 September 2010 and in Castiglione della Pescaia on 18 October. The final scene of De Niro and Monica Bellucci was filmed in the Villa Pizzetti Hospital in Grosseto, on 20 October. Locations in Rome used for the film include the Pontifical University of", "title": "The Ages of Love" }, { "id": "16804445", "text": "and explained that his sole screenplay credit was due to the rules of the Writers Guild of America. McQueen has not commented on the alleged feud. With a production budget of , principal photography began in New Orleans, Louisiana, on , 2012. After seven weeks, filming concluded on , 2012. As a way to keep down production costs, a bulk of the filming took place around the greater New Orleans area – mostly south of the Red River country in the north of the state, where the historic Northup was enslaved. Among locations used were four historic antebellum plantations: Felicity,", "title": "12 Years a Slave (film)" }, { "id": "1265461", "text": "Cake\" (2004) directed by Matthew Vaughn and \"Love in the Time of Cholera\" (2007), directed by Mike Newell. The thriller \"Before I Go To Sleep\" (2014), written and directed by Rowan Joffé, which features Nicole Kidman and Colin Firth was shot at the studios early in 2013. The studios' post production facilities include a state-of-the-art Sound Centre, at the heart of which is the refurbished The Richard Attenborough Theatre, named after Richard Attenborough who used to have his production offices at the studios. It is one of the studios in the UK which has been Dolby Premier Certified. Other facilities", "title": "Twickenham Studios" }, { "id": "19115219", "text": "Commonwealth. On June 16, 2015, it was announced that Ged Doherty, Colin Firth, Nancy Buirski, Sarah Green, Marc Turtletaub and Peter Saraf were holding three casting calls open to people of all ages and ethnic backgrounds on June 25, June 27, and June 28, with over four-thousand people turning out. Principal photography was confirmed to have begun in Richmond, Virginia, with an original shooting schedule occurring from September 16 to October 27, 2015, albeit shooting was altered to finish on November 19, 2015. On September 19, 2015, it was confirmed that \"Loving\" would film numerous scenes at Union Hill in", "title": "Loving (2016 film)" }, { "id": "1434593", "text": "Conrad Hall Conrad \"Connie\" Lafcadio Hall, ASC (June 21, 1926 – January 4, 2003) was an American cinematographer from Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia. Named after writers Joseph Conrad and Lafcadio Hearn, he was best known for photographing such films as \"In Cold Blood\", \"Cool Hand Luke\", \"Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid\", \"American Beauty\", and \"Road to Perdition\". For his work he garnered a number of awards, including three Academy Awards and BAFTA Awards. In 2003, Hall was judged to be one of history's ten most influential cinematographers in a survey of the members of the International Cinematographers Guild. He", "title": "Conrad Hall" }, { "id": "18209753", "text": "play Diana, a love interest of Gordon-Levitt's character. Principal photography on the film began on August 11, 2014, in New York City. On August 14, filming was taking place around 112th street and Broadway in NYC. On August 22, Rogen was spotted filming scenes outside a church in Manhattan. On January 5, 2015, filming was taken place in and around Rockefeller Center, where the crews were taking some shots of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree. The film was originally scheduled to be released on December 11, 2015, but Sony moved the release date over to November 25, 2015, and later", "title": "The Night Before (2015 film)" }, { "id": "2165018", "text": "rapid transit station in the Midwood section of Brooklyn. They created a second film studio in Santa Monica, California, in 1911, and a year later moved to a 29-acre sheep ranch at 4151 Prospect Ave in the Los Feliz district of Los Angeles, a studio subsequently owned by ABC and currently Disney Studios. Vitagraph Studios Vitagraph Studios, also known as the Vitagraph Company of America, was a United States motion picture studio. It was founded by J. Stuart Blackton and Albert E. Smith in 1897 in Brooklyn, New York, as the American Vitagraph Company. By 1907 it was the most", "title": "Vitagraph Studios" }, { "id": "874953", "text": "in the nation among arts destinations. St. Petersburg has become known and regarded as one of America's most livable cities. The area's main shopping mall is Tyrone Square Mall, constructed in 1972 and is located in the northwestern part of the city. St. Petersburg has been used as a filming location for films over the years, including \"Once Upon a Time in America\" (1984), \"Summer Rental\" (1985), \"Cocoon\" (1985), \"Ocean's Eleven\" (2001), \"Loren Cass\" (2006), \"Dolphin Tale\" (2011), \"Magic Mike\" (2012), \"Spring Breakers\" (2013), \"Dolphin Tale 2\" (2014), and \"Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children\" (2016). The St. Petersburg Library", "title": "St. Petersburg, Florida" }, { "id": "8772351", "text": "Culver Studios The Culver Studios is a movie studio in Culver City, California. Originally created by silent movie pioneer Thomas H. Ince, classics from Hollywood's Golden Age were filmed there. It is currently owned by Hackman Capital Partners. The studios have operated under a number of names, Ince Studio (1918-1925), De Mille Studios (1925–28), Pathe Studios (1928–1931), RKO-Pathe Studios (1931–35), Selznick International Pictures (1935–56), Desilu-Culver Studios (1956–70), Culver City Studios (1970–77), and Laird International Studios (1977–86). Many classics from Hollywood's Golden Age were filmed there, including \"Gone with the Wind\", \"A Star is Born\", \"Intermezzo\" and \"Rebecca\". The Culver Studios", "title": "Culver Studios" }, { "id": "17731853", "text": "chart in South Africa on the Entertainment Monitoring Africa Airplay Chart on February 18, 2014. The video was filmed on August 15, 2013 in Golden Beach, Florida at a beach front manse that Beyoncé rented out for the shoot. It was directed by Hype Williams and shot in black-and-white; the clip depicts Beyoncé and Jay-Z \"madly in love\". The black-and-white shoot was meant to reference the work of fashion photographer Herb Ritts. Talking about the video in an iTunes Radio session, Beyoncé said, \"The shoot was extremely effortless and spontaneous and we completely captured the energy of the song.\" She", "title": "Drunk in Love" }, { "id": "16406343", "text": "principal photography began in April 1943. Vidor used several different locations for exterior and industrial shots. He shot footage of factories and mines in Hibbing, Minnesota, the dock in Duluth, Minnesota and the Ford River A&O Rouge Plant in Dearborn, Michigan. Atmosphere and background shots were filmed in Lake Superior. Additional industrial shots of the Carnegie Illinois Steel Works factory in Chicago and the Indiana Steel Plant in Gary, Indiana were also filmed. For a racing scene, Vidor used footage filmed at the Indianapolis 500 in Speedway, Indiana. Other scenes were filmed at the Chrysler automobile factory in Detroit, the", "title": "An American Romance" }, { "id": "2308758", "text": "the Millennium Bridge, Selfridges department store on Oxford Street, Lambeth Bridge, the Tate Modern in the former Bankside Power Station, Canary Wharf, Marble Arch, the St. Lukes Mews off All Saint's Road in Notting Hill, Chelsea Bridge, the OXO Tower, London City Hall, Poplar Road in Herne Hill in the London Borough of Lambeth, Elliott School in Pullman Gardens, Putney in the London Borough of Wandsworth, and London Heathrow Airport. Additional scenes were filmed at the Marseille Airport and Le Bar de la Marine. Scenes set in 10 Downing Street were filmed at the Shepperton Studios. Ant and Dec played", "title": "Love Actually" }, { "id": "12002757", "text": "song \"I'm Outta Love\" and the music video for Maroon 5's 2015 hit song \"Sugar.\" The 2013 film \"Gangster Squad\" starring Emma Stone, Ryan Gosling, Sean Penn, Josh Brolin and Nick Nolte had the final shootout scene filmed here. The hotel was used for the prom scene in the films \"Not Another Teen Movie\" and \"Prom Night.\" The 1987 film \"Less Than Zero\" filmed several scenes in the movie at this hotel.\"\" Other TV-series and movies filmed here are: Park Plaza Hotel (Los Angeles) The Elks Lodge No. 99 / Park Plaza Hotel, now The MacArthur, is located at 607", "title": "Park Plaza Hotel (Los Angeles)" }, { "id": "20006183", "text": "white sand beaches of Moalboal, Bukilat Cave and Boho Rock Resort of Camotes Island, Osmeña Peak in Dalaguete, as well as the towns of Boljoon, Argao and Oslob. Editing process finished on April 5, 2017 Just 9 days before the official release. The film received a rating of PG-13 from the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) and rated B by The Cinema Evaluation Board (CEB). The soundtrack title for \"Can't Help Falling in Love\" is a pop ballad song originally recorded by Elvis Presley with the same title performed by the lead actor, Daniel Padilla. The music", "title": "Can't Help Falling in Love (film)" }, { "id": "14096672", "text": "Home entertainment and TV sales are not included in the totals. I Am Love (film) I Am Love () is a 2009 Italian romantic drama film directed by Luca Guadagnino, set in Milan around the year 2000. The film follows an \"haute bourgeois\" family through changing times and fortunes, and its disruption by the forces of passion. It is the first installment in Guadagnino's self-described \"Desire\" trilogy, preceding \"A Bigger Splash\" (2015) and \"Call Me by Your Name\" (2017). The cast is led by Tilda Swinton as Emma Recchi. Producers Swinton and Guadagnino developed the film together over an 11-year", "title": "I Am Love (film)" }, { "id": "10917132", "text": "\"Los Angeles Times\", he stated that the \"best colonial hotel\" offered \"rats as big as this running through the corridors, spiders everywhere, and no air conditioning, of course. When we tried to use the sink, three drops of brown water--I presume from the Red River--came out of the faucet.\" He initially decided against filming in the country, and began scouting locations in Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines, all countries that have been used as settings to represent Vietnam in other Western films. A year later, he returned to his original choice, feeling no other country could truly represent the \"tired", "title": "The Lover (film)" }, { "id": "264688", "text": "location in San Antonio. However, most of the movie was actually shot in Austin, Texas: scenes depicting the interior of the St. Regis were shot in Austin's Driskill Hotel; the pageant scenes were shot at the Bass Concert Hall at the University of Texas at Austin; and scenes depicting the pageant contestants in their hotel rooms were shot in the Omni Austin at South Park. The film was the fifth highest-grossing film in North America on its opening weekend, making $13,853,686 USD; it had a 5% increase in earnings the following week—enough to make the film reach #3; and overall", "title": "Miss Congeniality (film)" }, { "id": "9630665", "text": "Marshall in 1964 and underwent major restoration that was completed in 1978. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1983. Today it is run as a tourist attraction and a bed and breakfast. The plantation has been featured in several film and television productions, including \"A Woman Called Moses\", \"Sister, Sister\", and the 2017 Sofia Coppola version of \"The Beguiled\". In 2007 it was reported to be an intended site of filming for Clinton Kelly's \"Mind Your Manners\" for TLC, The Learning Channel. Portions of Beyonce's visual album \"Lemonade\" were also filmed at the location. The music video for", "title": "Madewood Plantation House" }, { "id": "8039410", "text": "more than 8 months due to the various illnesses of cast members. The delay in production pushed the budget over $2 million. Filming took place primarily in Heidelberg, Germany, London at Shepperton Studios, and Los Angeles at 20th Century Fox Studios. King Donovan, Charles B. Fitzsimons, Robert Stevenson, and Otto Waldis all shot scenes for this film, but all of them were ultimately deleted. The film played Grauman's Chinese Theatre for two weeks starting August 19, 1949. Its New York premiere was on August 26, 1949, at the Roxy Theatre. The opening was originally scheduled for Radio City Music Hall,", "title": "I Was a Male War Bride" }, { "id": "8374435", "text": "in 1999: Best Foreign Language Film and Best Actress for Fernanda Montenegro, who became the first (and to date the only) Brazilian, the first (and to date the only) Portuguese-speaking and the first Latin-American to be nominated for Best Actress. In 2003, \"City of God\" was nominated for 4 Academy Awards: Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Cinematography and Best Film Editing, it was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film. \"Elite Squad\" won the Golden Bear at the 2008 Berlin Film Festival. There is a movement in the US geared towards promoting and exposing", "title": "Latin American cinema" }, { "id": "9214206", "text": "the making of this film. Costello wanted a different cast, including Carmen Miranda and Lucille Ball, while Abbott simply hated the script. They were both suspended for a week, and filming began only 2 days behind schedule. Costello's brother Pat plays one of the detectives on his trail. The Cole Porter song \"I Love You\" sung by Virginia Grey and John Hubbard was filmed but cut from the released movie. This film has been released twice on DVD. The first time, on \"The Best of Abbott and Costello Volume Three\", on August 3, 2004, and again on October 28, 2008", "title": "Mexican Hayride" }, { "id": "17692038", "text": "film was launched on 13 February 2013 in Hyderabad. The principal photography started on 2 August 2013 at Banjara Hills in Hyderabad. The majority of the film was shot in Annapoorna Studios, Ramanaidu Studios, Ramoji Film City, and the outskirts and suburbs of Hyderabad, while substantial parts of the film were shot in Jaipur and Pollachi. After shooting a song in Switzerland, the film's shooting came to an end on 23 July 2014 in Hyderabad. The film released in theaters worldwide on 29 August 2014, the eve of Vinayaka Chathurthi, to mixed reviews from critics, with most of them labelling", "title": "Rabhasa" }, { "id": "2528898", "text": "Vince Lombardi, football coaching legend; Bill Chadwick, Hockey Hall of Fame inductee; Tom Courtney, two-time Olympic gold medalist and holder of world record in the 880-yard run; and Steve Bellán, first Latin American to play Major League Baseball. Fordham's Rose Hill campus was named the second most-filmed campus in North America by \"Noodle Education\". Films shot on the campus include: \"The Adjustment Bureau\" (2011), \"A Beautiful Mind\" (2001), \"Cheerleaders Beach Party\" (1978), \"The Exorcist\" (1973), \"Fair Game\" (2010), \"The Gambler\" (1974), \"Godspell\" (1973), \"Kinsey\" (2004), \"Love Story\" (1970), \"Quiz Show\" (1994), \"Solitary Man\" (2009), \"The Verdict\" (1982), and \"\" (2010).", "title": "Fordham University" } ]	where was the movie how to be a latin lover filmed
[ "Eris Baker" ]	[ { "id": "19510477", "text": "This Is Us (TV series) This Is Us is an American comedy-drama television series created by Dan Fogelman that premiered on NBC on September 20, 2016. The series follows the lives and families of two parents, and their three children, in several different time frames. It stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, Ron Cephas Jones, Jon Huertas, Alexandra Breckenridge, Niles Fitch, Logan Shroyer, Hannah Zeile, Mackenzie Hancsicsak, Parker Bates, Lonnie Chavis, Eris Baker, and Faithe Herman. \"This Is Us\" is filmed in Los Angeles. The", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "20330105", "text": "teenage Kevin, Mackenzie Hancsicsak as young Kate, Parker Bates as young Kevin, Faithe Herman as Annie Pearson, and Eris Baker as Tess Pearson. Lonnie Chavis began the season continuing as young Randall in a recurring role, but was ultimately promoted to series regular. In August 2017, Sylvester Stallone and Debra Jo Rupp were cast in guest starring roles. The show was awarded over $9.9 million in tax incentives by the California Film Commission for its second season. Production on the season began on July 11, 2017, in Los Angeles. The second season was originally set to move to a Thursday", "title": "This Is Us (season 2)" }, { "id": "19966687", "text": "Chris Sullivan, Jon Huertas, Melanie Liburd, Niles Fitch, Logan Shroyer, Hannah Zeile, Mackenzie Hancsicsak, Parker Bates, Eris Baker, Faithe Herman, Lonnie Chavis, and Lyric Ross. The third season premiered on September 25, 2018, and is set to run for 18 episodes on NBC. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On January 18, 2017, NBC renewed the series for a second and third season of 18 episodes each, for a total of 36 additional episodes. Main cast members Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, Jon Huertas and Ron Cephas Jones return from the second season as", "title": "This Is Us (season 3)" }, { "id": "19510479", "text": "Drama Series. On September 27, 2016, NBC picked up the series for a full season of 18 episodes. In January 2017, NBC renewed the series for two additional seasons of 18 episodes each. The second season premiered on September 26, 2017. The third season premiered on September 25, 2018. The series follows the lives of siblings Kevin, Kate, and Randall (known as the \"Big Three\"), and their parents Jack and Rebecca Pearson. It takes place in the present and uses flashbacks to show the family during various moments in the past. Kevin and Kate are the two surviving members of", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "19357752", "text": "Diane Rouxel Diane Rouxel (birth 1993) is a French actress. She was nominated for the César Award for Most Promising Actress in 2016 for her role in the film \"Standing Tall\". Diane Rouxel grew up in the Haute-Savoie region of France, and studied visual arts. Her first film role came in 2014's \"The Smell of Us\", directed by Larry Clark, in which she plays a member of a group of skaters who, to pass the time, becomes involved with drink, drugs, and prostitution. In her next film, \"Standing Tall\" (2015), she plays Tess, the love interest of the film's protagonist,", "title": "Diane Rouxel" }, { "id": "19510487", "text": "9:00pm, the first season's first two episodes and eleventh episode aired on a Tuesday at 10:00pm, while the second season's fourteenth episode, \"Super Bowl Sunday\", aired on a Sunday at 10:15pm. This Is Us (TV series) This Is Us is an American comedy-drama television series created by Dan Fogelman that premiered on NBC on September 20, 2016. The series follows the lives and families of two parents, and their three children, in several different time frames. It stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, Ron Cephas", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "9757041", "text": "her \"24\" co-star Kiefer Sutherland). In 2014, she was a series regular for the first season of the Amazon Prime crime show \"Bosch\". Wersching played catcher for the National League in the 2009 Taco Bell All-Star Legends and Celebrity Softball Game. In December 2012, it was revealed that in the \"PlayStation 3\" exclusive \"The Last of Us\" Wersching was the voice and mo-cap actor of the character Tess. Her character was teased on Geoff Keighley's Twitter account before finally revealing her in the story trailer shown on \"Spike Video Game Awards\" on December 7, 2012. Wersching married actor/comedian Stephen Full", "title": "Annie Wersching" }, { "id": "20330103", "text": "Watson, Chris Sullivan, Ron Cephas Jones, Jon Huertas, Alexandra Breckenridge, Niles Fitch, Logan Shroyer, Hannah Zeile, Mackenzie Hancsicsak, Parker Bates, Eris Baker, Faithe Herman, and Lonnie Chavis. The second season, consisting of 18 episodes, aired from September 26, 2017, to March 13, 2018, on NBC. \"This Is Us\" served as the lead-out program for Super Bowl LII in February 2018 with the second season's fourteenth episode. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On January 18, 2017, NBC renewed the series for a second and third season of 18 episodes each, for a total of 36 additional episodes. Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger served", "title": "This Is Us (season 2)" }, { "id": "6418126", "text": "Bridie Carter Bridie Carter (born 18 December 1970) is an Australian actress best known for her role as the main character of Tess Silverman McLeod on the television drama series \"McLeod's Daughters\". Bridie was born and raised in Melbourne, Australia, the eldest of three children; she has two younger brothers. Her mother, Kiffy Rubbo, was a gallery director. Carter has been acting since the age of six and started her first classes at the Bouverie Street Theatre in Carlton, Melbourne. She graduated from the National Institute of Dramatic Art (NIDA) in 1994. She is perhaps best known for her starring", "title": "Bridie Carter" }, { "id": "11272926", "text": "was a female lead opposite Kevin Hart in the ABC comedy pilot \"Keep It Together\". In 2016, Bathe was cast in a recurring role in the NBC drama series, \"This Is Us\", also starring Brown. In 2018, Bathe was cast as one of leads in the Paramount Network comedy-drama series \"First Wives Club\" based on the film of the same name written by Robert Harling. Ryan Michelle Bathe Ryan Michelle Bathe (born July 27, 1976) is an American actress. Bathe grew up in Stamford, Connecticut. She graduated from Stanford University, and she received a Master of Fine Arts from New", "title": "Ryan Michelle Bathe" }, { "id": "19510478", "text": "series has been nominated for Best Television Series – Drama at the 74th Golden Globe Awards and Best Drama Series at the 7th Critics' Choice Awards, as well as being chosen as a Top Television Program by the American Film Institute. Sterling K. Brown has received an Emmy, a Golden Globe, a Critics' Choice Award, and an NAACP Image Award for his acting in the series. Mandy Moore and Chrissy Metz received Golden Globe nominations for Best Supporting Actress. In 2017, the series received ten Emmy nominations, including Outstanding Drama Series, with Brown winning for Outstanding Lead Actor in a", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "12747536", "text": "piano. Freeman is an active member of the Heal the Bay charity, which works toward cleaning up and protecting the West Coast waters, and tutors children in Santa Monica as a part of the Virginia Avenue Project. Cassidy Freeman Cassidy Freeman (born April 22, 1982) is an American actress and musician. She is known for her role as Tess Mercer in The CW's superhero drama \"Smallville\" and Cady Longmire in \"Longmire\". Freeman was born in Chicago, Illinois to prominent Chicago-area attorneys Glynna and Lee Freeman, who also own a cattle ranch in Montana. She is the youngest of three children,", "title": "Cassidy Freeman" }, { "id": "19966688", "text": "Jack Pearson, Rebecca Pearson, Randall Pearson, Kate Pearson, Kevin Pearson, Beth Pearson, Toby Damon, Miguel Rivas, and William H. Hill, respectively. Lyric Ross, who recurred as Déjà throughout the second season, was subsequently promoted to the principal cast in the third season. In August 2018, Michael Angarano was cast to recur as Nick Pearson, Jack Pearson's brother; the character was first mentioned in the second season, and previously was depicted only briefly as a child. Melanie Liburd was promoted to series regular after guest starring in the second season as Zoe, Beth Pearson's cousin and Kevin Pearson's new love interest.", "title": "This Is Us (season 3)" }, { "id": "19748879", "text": "Chrissy Metz Christine Michelle Metz (born September 29, 1980) is an American actress and singer. She is known for playing Kate Pearson in the NBC drama \"This Is Us\", for which she has earned Best Supporting Actress nominations at the Primetime Emmy Awards (2017) and Golden Globe Awards (2017 and 2018). Metz was born to Denise and Mark Metz and raised in Homestead, Florida. She spent her formative years in Japan, where her father, Mark Metz, was stationed with the United States Navy. The family later moved back to Gainesville, Florida, where she attended elementary, middle, and high school. She", "title": "Chrissy Metz" }, { "id": "19966685", "text": "This Is Us (season 1) The first season of the American television series \"This Is Us\" follows the family lives and connections of several people who all share the same birthday and the ways in which they are similar and different. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Fogelman and Don Todd serving as showrunners. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, and Ron Cephas Jones. The season, which premiered on NBC on September", "title": "This Is Us (season 1)" }, { "id": "19966675", "text": "This Is Us (season 1) The first season of the American television series \"This Is Us\" follows the family lives and connections of several people who all share the same birthday and the ways in which they are similar and different. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Fogelman and Don Todd serving as showrunners. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, and Ron Cephas Jones. The season, which premiered on NBC on September", "title": "This Is Us (season 1)" }, { "id": "19966676", "text": "20, 2016, and ran until March 14, 2017, over 18 episodes, received generally positive reviews from critics. It was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the top ten television programs of 2016, and received ten nominations for the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Drama Series with Brown winning for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series, as well as receiving nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama and the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Drama Series. The series was renewed for a second and third season on January 18, 2017.", "title": "This Is Us (season 1)" }, { "id": "12747533", "text": "Cassidy Freeman Cassidy Freeman (born April 22, 1982) is an American actress and musician. She is known for her role as Tess Mercer in The CW's superhero drama \"Smallville\" and Cady Longmire in \"Longmire\". Freeman was born in Chicago, Illinois to prominent Chicago-area attorneys Glynna and Lee Freeman, who also own a cattle ranch in Montana. She is the youngest of three children, with two brothers, voice actor Crispin Freeman and musician Clark Freeman. Freeman graduated from The Latin School of Chicago and then \"magna cum laude\" from Middlebury College in 2005 with degrees in theater and Spanish. Freeman starred", "title": "Cassidy Freeman" }, { "id": "19966677", "text": "<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Dan Fogelman and Don Todd served as the season's showrunners. In 2015, Mandy Moore, Milo Ventimiglia, Justin Hartley, Sterling K. Brown, and Ron Cephas Jones were the first to be cast in Dan Fogelman’s pilot. Chrissy Metz was later cast in the pilot, followed by Susan Kelechi Watson. Jon Huertas joined the cast in 2016. The first season of \"This Is Us\" received positive reviews, with critics praising cast performances and series plot. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an approval rating of 91% based on 64 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.68/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"Featuring", "title": "This Is Us (season 1)" }, { "id": "19510484", "text": "Is Us\" due to the high volume of viewers it has previously attracted with shows such as \"The Voice\" and the Summer Olympics. Fogelman intentionally recruited behind-the-scenes talent that would reflect the diversity of his cast, with the goal of bringing greater authenticity to the dialog and storylines. These include black directors Regina King and George Tillman, Jr. and black female writers Kay Oyegun and Jas Waters (part of a 30% black core writing staff that far outpaces the industry standard of 5%). In addition, Fogelman's sister Deborah, whose struggles with weight were one of the initial inspirations for the", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "7344447", "text": "in pyrokinesis. In 2015, Breckenridge began playing Jessie Anderson in season five of the AMC series \"The Walking Dead\". In 2015, she next co-starred in the psychological thriller \"Dark\" from executive producer Joe Dante and director Nick Basile. In 2017 Breckenridge appeared in the recurring role of Sophie, Kate's childhood friend and Kevin's ex-wife, on the first season of NBC drama series \"This Is Us\"; she was promoted to the full-time cast for the series' second season. In September 2015, Breckenridge married guitarist Casey Hooper. In September 2016, she gave birth to the couple's first child, a son. In August", "title": "Alexandra Breckenridge" }, { "id": "20570085", "text": "party for his daughters and their friends. The family's new pet lizard dies suddenly; Randall's eulogy is overly intense and emotional. Tess tells Randall that she has deliberately left the phone off the hook to prevent social workers from calling, fearing Randall's interest in William, Deja, and his new job means he wants \"a new life.\" Randall tells Tess that her birth changed his life; he will always be devoted to her, and plans to have dinner with her every week, even when she's a working adult. Tess thinks the family's participation in fostering is \"cool.\" Deja calls from the", "title": "Super Bowl Sunday (This Is Us)" }, { "id": "8301483", "text": "Tess Harding Tess Harding is a fictional character created by Jason Katims for the 1999-2002 American science fiction television series \"Roswell\". She was portrayed by actress Emilie de Ravin. Tess came to Earth with the other alien-human hybrids, Max Evans, Isabel Evans and Michael Guerin, but left her pod after they left theirs. They are clones of dead royalty, known as the Royal Four, from the planet Antar. She was raised by another alien, Nasedo, who had apparently been sent to Earth to protect them. However, he had made a deal with Kivar (the enemy of the Royal Four) 40", "title": "Tess Harding" }, { "id": "19748880", "text": "grew up with her mother, stepfather, two siblings, and two half-siblings. Metz is best known for her role as Kate Pearson in the NBC drama series \"This Is Us\", which earned her Primetime Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award nominations. She is also known for her role in FX's \"\". Metz is a singer in her band Chrissy and The Vapors. In early 2018, it was announced that Metz would star in \"Breakthrough\", working with producer DeVon Franklin. She is cast as Joyce Smith, the mother of John, a 14-year-old boy who fell through an icy Missouri lake and was", "title": "Chrissy Metz" }, { "id": "20570086", "text": "house's front door; Randall and Beth bring her inside and comfort her, which Tess happily observes. Jordan, the boy shown previously in an Essex County social worker's office, is placed with a couple. An older Randall arrives to have dinner with the social worker, who is the adult Tess. The episode was written by series creator Dan Fogelman. The decision to air an episode of \"This Is Us\" after the Super Bowl was announced on May 14, 2017. Fogelman envisioned Jack's death as a consequence of the fire since the pilot script. He wanted the moment to take place towards", "title": "Super Bowl Sunday (This Is Us)" }, { "id": "2295418", "text": "been starring as Rebecca Pearson in the NBC family drama \"This Is Us\" since 2016, and was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role. The cast won a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series. Moore was born on April 10, 1984, in Nashua, New Hampshire, to Stacy (born Friedman), a former news reporter who once worked for the \"Orlando Sentinel\", and Donald Moore, a pilot for American Airlines. Moore was raised Catholic, but has since developed a \"hodgepodge of things\" that she believes. Moore is of", "title": "Mandy Moore" }, { "id": "17606571", "text": "Nina Lisandrello Nina Lisandrello is an American actress, known for her role as Tess Vargas in the television series \"Beauty & The Beast\". She has guest starred in \"Law & Order\", \"Conviction\", \"Nurse Jackie\", and \"FBI\". Lisandrello was born in Encino, a district of Los Angeles, California. During her childhood days she constantly traveled around Europe due to her mother's singing career. At the age of 10 years she did a TV commercial for Levi's directed by David Fincher. This commercial is what later helped her to become a SAG Foundation member. As a teenager she settled in New York", "title": "Nina Lisandrello" }, { "id": "11757312", "text": "Eve Harlow Eve Harlow (born June 20, 1989) is a Canadian actress\". \"She is known for her roles on television, including as Maya in the CW series \"The 100\" (2014–2015), as Taylor in the NBC miniseries \"Heroes Reborn\" (2015), and as Tess in the ABC series \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\" (2017–2018). She won a Leo Award and received a Gemini Award nomination for her portrayal of Tina Renwald in \"The Guard\" (2008–2009). Harlow is of Jewish ancestry, and was born in Moscow. At three months old, she moved to Israel with her family, where they lived for seven years before moving", "title": "Eve Harlow" }, { "id": "20330104", "text": "as the season's showrunners. Main cast members Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, and Ron Cephas Jones returned from the first season as Jack Pearson, Rebecca Pearson, Randall Pearson, Kate Pearson, Kevin Pearson, Beth Pearson, Toby Damon, and William H. Hill, respectively. Jon Huertas and Alexandra Breckenridge, who recurred as Miguel and Sophie, respectively, throughout the first season, were subsequently promoted to the principal cast in the second season. Also promoted to series regulars are young actors Hannah Zeile as teenage Kate, Niles Fitch as teenage Randall, Logan Shroyer as", "title": "This Is Us (season 2)" }, { "id": "19966684", "text": "intimate series of portraits and stitch them together. But at the same time, waves of cloying sentiment threaten to submerge everything.\" \"This Is Us\" was included on multiple Best/Top TV Shows of 2016 lists; these are listed below in order of rank. \"This Is Us\" premiered on September 20, 2016, in the U.S. on NBC. The series premiered on CTV in Canada on September 21, 2016, on TVNZ 2 in New Zealand on September 27, 2016, and in the United Kingdom on Channel 4 on December 6, 2016. The series premiered in Australia on Channel Ten on February 8, 2017.", "title": "This Is Us (season 1)" }, { "id": "19510482", "text": "relocates from Los Angeles to New York City. \"This is Us\" originally began as an 80 page movie script that Dan Fogelman was developing while working for ABC Studios in the spring of Spring 2015. The story line, which Fogelman admitted to not having a definite direction, revolved around the lives of eight adults who, as it would be revealed, were octuplets. After moving to an eight-figure deal with 20th Television, Fogelman made the decision to develop a TV series from the characters of his original script, cutting a few characters and shortening the script to 45 pages before bringing", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "9264523", "text": "is much different than the book. In the movie, Tess pursues the Met's \"Templars\" on a police horse; in the book she was hiding with everyone else. Gus is depicted as a crook who was trying to solicit an antiquarian's help to sell the relict he stole at the Met; in the movie this line is omitted. Vance was shooting Tess at the cemetery (with a paralyze gun) and, literally, kidnapped her to his dungeon, while in the movie he is presented as Tess' friend. The role of Tess's daughter, Kim, is left to a minimum in the book, while", "title": "The Last Templar" }, { "id": "8301492", "text": "Tess and her father. Eventually, they discover that Tess is just like them, an alien-human hybrid, and that she was housed in the pod chamber with them. Even though Max, Michael and Isabel didn't remember who she was for 10 years, they suddenly remember her when this is explained to them. Tess comes into the second season as a friend to Liz, Max, Isabel, Michael, Maria, Kyle, and Sheriff Valenti. She moves into the Valenti household and begins to help Kyle and Jim become a family again. However, she kills Alex after mindwarping him for months in order to make", "title": "Tess Harding" }, { "id": "16120861", "text": "throughout development to make her look more similar to Johnson. The game's other characters also underwent changes. The character Tess was originally intended to be the main antagonist of \"The Last of Us\", but the team found it difficult to believe her motives. The sexuality of the character Bill was originally left vague in the script, but later altered to further reflect his homosexuality. \"The Last of Us\" features an original score composed primarily by Gustavo Santaolalla, along with compositions by Andrew Buresh, Anthony Caruso, and Jonathan Mayer. Known for his minimalist compositions, Santaolalla was contacted early in development. He", "title": "The Last of Us" }, { "id": "19966686", "text": "This Is Us (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"This Is Us\" continues to follow the lives and connections of the Pearson family across several time periods. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger serving as showrunners. A third season was ordered, alongside a second season, in January 2017, with production for season three beginning in July 2018. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson,", "title": "This Is Us (season 3)" }, { "id": "2801394", "text": "in Season 1, Episode 9. De Matteo co-starred as Krissi Cates in the film adaptation of \"Dark Places\" (2015), with Charlize Theron, Chloë Grace Moretz, and Nicholas Hoult. In 2015, she was cast as Det. Tess Nazario in the NBC drama series \"Shades of Blue\", starring alongside Jennifer Lopez and Ray Liotta. It premiered on January 7, 2016. In 1997, de Matteo opened Filth Mart, an East Village clothing store with her then-boyfriend Michael Sportes. They closed the store in 2004. De Matteo started dating musician Shooter Jennings in 2001. They became engaged on June 11, 2009, when Jennings proposed", "title": "Drea de Matteo" }, { "id": "13637795", "text": "Nicola Peltz Nicola Anne Peltz (born December 9, 1995) is an American actress. Her breakthrough role came when she played in the 2010 film \"The Last Airbender\". From 2013 to 2015, she co-starred as Bradley Martin in the A&E drama series \"Bates Motel\". In 2014, she starred as Tessa Yeager in the fourth \"Transformers\" film, \"\". Peltz was born in Westchester County, New York. Her mother, Claudia (née Heffner), is a former model, and her father, Nelson Peltz, is a billionaire businessman. She has four older brothers, two younger brothers, and an older sister; two of her brothers are actor", "title": "Nicola Peltz" }, { "id": "19510485", "text": "show, serves as a consultant. In May 2017, Hulu acquired the SVOD rights to new and past episodes of the series to air exclusively on Hulu, in addition to NBC.com and the NBC app. The review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes reported an 89% approval rating for the first season with an average rating of 7.72/10 based on 63 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, \"Featuring full-tilt heartstring-tugging family drama, \"This Is Us\" will provide a suitable surrogate for those who have felt a void in their lives since \"Parenthood\" went off the air.\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "19510481", "text": "period or use multiple flashback time periods. Flashbacks often focus on Jack and Rebecca c.1980 both before and after their babies' birth, or on the family when the Big Three are children (at least ages 8–10) or adolescents; these scenes usually take place in Pittsburgh, where the Big Three are born and raised. Various other time periods and locations have also served as settings. Recently, the show has flashed back to follow the lives of newer characters, such as Randall's foster child, Deja. As adults, Kate lives in Los Angeles, Randall and his family are in New Jersey, and Kevin", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "20709661", "text": "This Is America (song) \"This Is America\" is a song by American rapper Childish Gambino. Written and produced by Gambino and Ludwig Göransson, it was released on May 5, 2018, at the same time that Gambino was hosting that day's episode of \"Saturday Night Live\". The song features background vocals by American rappers Young Thug, Slim Jxmmi, BlocBoy JB, 21 Savage and Quavo. The song addresses the wider issue of gun violence in the United States, the high rate of mass shootings in the United States, along with longstanding racism and discrimination against African Americans. The song's music video was", "title": "This Is America (song)" }, { "id": "19510480", "text": "a triplet pregnancy, born six weeks premature on Jack's 36th birthday in 1980; their brother is stillborn. Believing they were meant to have three children, Jack and Rebecca, who are white, decide to adopt Randall, an African American child born the same day and brought to the same hospital after his biological father abandoned him at a fire station. Jack dies when his children are 17. Most episodes feature a storyline taking place in the present (2016–2018, contemporaneous with airing) and a storyline taking place at a set time in the past; but some episodes are set in one time", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "13637798", "text": "portrays Bradley Martin, a love interest for the young Norman Bates, alongside co-stars Freddie Highmore and Vera Farmiga. She left the main cast following the second episode of the second season, but returned as a guest star for the final three episodes of the third season. Peltz appeared in 14 episodes total. On March 26, 2013, Peltz was cast as one of the lead characters, Tessa Yeager, in the fourth \"Transformers\" film \"\" (2014). In 2014, Peltz also starred as Kate Miller, opposite Ben Rosenfield and Grant Gustin, in the teen drama film \"Affluenza\". In October 2015, she walked the", "title": "Nicola Peltz" }, { "id": "14242197", "text": "follows that of the book, although the role of the sexual predator Alec d'Urberville is toned down. Costumes for the film were designed by Anthony Powell. He received his third Academy Award for this work. Set in Dorset, England, the film was shot at various locations in France: Normandy (Cotentin, la Hague, Omonville-la-Rogue, Éculleville, Sainte-Croix-Hague, le Vast, Bricquebec, Saint-Jacques-de-Néhou, Brittany (Locronan, le Leslay) and Nord-Pas-de-Calais (Condette). Polanski was living in Europe as he was wanted as a fugitive after conviction for sex with an underage girl in the United States. He had fled before sentencing and could have been extradited", "title": "Tess (1979 film)" }, { "id": "18550334", "text": "the final game, the idea was raised when the team were discussing a new project, ultimately inspiring Ellie. Druckmann also felt inspired by the wars that took place in Syria and Afghanistan when creating Ellie; he felt that conflict was a familiarity to the children in those countries, which is similar to Ellie's view. The character of Tess was originally intended to be featured as the main antagonist of \"The Last of Us\", pursuing Joel for a year before a final confrontation in which she is killed by Ellie. However, the team found it difficult to believe that Tess would", "title": "Development of The Last of Us" }, { "id": "19642674", "text": "Holly Deveaux Holly Deveaux (born 1994 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian actress. She is known for starring in the television series \"Baxter\", \"Less Than Kind\", and \"Spun Out\". In 2012, Deveaux was cast as Casey Anthony in \"Prosecuting Casey Anthony\", a television movie based on death of Caylee Anthony, though the part was ultimately recast. The same year her performance in the television film \"The Phantoms\" garnered praise from \"The Globe and Mail\" reviewer John Doyle who remarked, \"Outstanding is Deveaux as Tess, the most complex and troubled of the teenagers. Deveaux (last seen in \"Less Than Kind\") is", "title": "Holly Deveaux" }, { "id": "20330102", "text": "This Is Us (season 2) The second season of the American television series \"This Is Us\" continues to follow the lives and connections of the Pearson family across several time periods. The season was produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger serving as showrunners. A second and third season of \"This Is Us\" were ordered in January 2017, with production for season two beginning that July. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi", "title": "This Is Us (season 2)" }, { "id": "17606573", "text": "in the comedy \"The Best and the Brightest\", and in the horror movie \"The Bleeding House\". Her big break came when she was cast as Tess Vargas in The CW's remake of \"Beauty & the Beast\". Even though the series has received \"generally unfavorable\" reviews, Lisandrello is so far the only star in the show to receive positive feedback from a TV critic. Mary McNamara of \"Los Angeles Times\" said \"the only point of light is provided by Catherine's partner, Tess, who, as played with great common-sense appeal by Nina Lisandrello, clearly deserves to be on a better show.\" On", "title": "Nina Lisandrello" }, { "id": "11239002", "text": "Martin became engaged to British actor Oli Higginson in May 2016. They were married on September 24, 2016 in London, UK. Meaghan Martin Meaghan Jette Martin (; born February 17, 1992) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her role as Tess Tyler in the Disney Channel television film, \"Camp Rock\" and . Martin starred in the ABC Family television series, \"10 Things I Hate About You\" as Bianca Stratford. Martin is also known for lending her voice for Naminé in the video game series \"Kingdom Hearts\" as well as voicing and motion capturing Jessica from", "title": "Meaghan Martin" }, { "id": "14242198", "text": "to the U.S. from the United Kingdom. Polanski intended the film to reflect an ancient peasant culture, which he had seen in Poland during World War II after fleeing the Kraków ghetto. The scenes also refer to the genre painting of the French artists Georges de La Tour of the 17th century and Gustave Courbet of the 19th century. During the third month of shooting, on 28 October 1978, the cinematographer Geoffrey Unsworth died of a heart attack. Most of the scenes he had shot were exteriors that occur in the first half of the film. Ghislain Cloquet shot the", "title": "Tess (1979 film)" }, { "id": "20330107", "text": "on NBC in the United States, and on CTV in Canada. \"This Is Us\" served as the lead-out program for Super Bowl LII on February 4, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 91% approval rating, with an average rating of 8.09/10, and an average episode score of 92%, based on 21 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"This is Us\" continues to tug at heartstrings with an emotional exploration of family that ensures viewers will want to keep the tissues close -- and their loved ones closer.\" General references This Is Us (season 2) The second season of", "title": "This Is Us (season 2)" }, { "id": "290413", "text": "2001, Kinski stated in an interview for \"The Daily Telegraph\" she was affected by the sleep disorder narcolepsy. Nastassja Kinski Nastassja Aglaia Kinski (born 24 January 1961) is a German actress and former model who has appeared in more than 60 films in Europe and the United States. Her worldwide breakthrough was with \"Stay As You Are\" (1978). She then came to global prominence with her Golden Globe Award-winning performance as the title character in the Roman Polanski-directed film \"Tess\" (1979). Other notable films in which she acted include the erotic horror film \"Cat People\" (1982), the Wim Wenders dramas", "title": "Nastassja Kinski" }, { "id": "19395643", "text": "Susan Kelechi Watson Susan Kelechi Watson (born November 11, 1981) is an American actress. She is known for her work on the television shows \"Louie\" and \"This Is Us\". Watson is set to portray Andrea Vogel in her film debut in the Fred Rogers biopic \"You Are My Friend\" (2019). Watson was born in Brooklyn on November 11, 1981. She is of Jamaican heritage, with both her parents being born on the island nation. Watson's middle name, 'Kelechi' is of Igbo origins meaning 'Thank God'. Watson obtained a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Howard University and a Master of", "title": "Susan Kelechi Watson" }, { "id": "20611410", "text": "producer DeVon Franklin, who has worked on other faith drama titles such as \"Miracles from Heaven\" and \"Heaven Is for Real\". The film is expected to be released April 12, 2019. In March of 2018, it was announced that actor Topher Grace will star as Pastor Jason Noble, and first responder Tommy Shine will be portrayed by Mike Colter. Actress Chrissy Metz of NBC's \"This Is Us\" is set to star as Joyce Smith. Other lead roles include Josh Lucas, Sam Trammell, and Marcel Ruiz. The Impossible (2017 novel) The Impossible: The Miraculous Story of a Mother's Faith and Her", "title": "The Impossible (2017 novel)" }, { "id": "2421829", "text": "while Mark Strong entered negotiations to play the film's main villain, Doctor Sivana. Strong would later confirm his casting in January 2018. In December, Jack Dylan Grazer was cast as Freddy Freeman, with Ian Chen as Eugene Choi, Jovan Armand as Pedro Peña, and Cooper Andrews as Victor Vázquez, the kids' foster father. In late December, Faithe Herman was cast as Darla Dudley, and her \"This Is Us\" co-star, Ron Cephas Jones, was cast as the Wizard Shazam a month later. Due to scheduling conflicts, Cephas Jones was replaced as the Wizard by Djimon Hounsou during filming. \"Shazam!\" began filming", "title": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics)" }, { "id": "9107151", "text": "Nash Brennan Nash Brennan is a fictional character on the American daytime drama \"One Life to Live\", played by Forbes March from July 7, 2005 to June 5, 2008, and then briefly from June 6, 2008 to July 16, 2008. Nash, an aspiring vineyard owner, comes to fictional Llanview, Pennsylvania after falling for a woman named \"Tess.\" He then discovers that Tess is actually an alternate personality of newspaper heiress Jessica Buchanan, who suffers from dissociative identity disorder. To complicate matters, Jessica/Tess is pregnant, and the father is either Nash or Antonio Vega, Jessica's longtime fiancé. Matters are made worse", "title": "Nash Brennan" }, { "id": "10828446", "text": "same year he also became the first African-American actor to win a Screen Actors Guild Award in the Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series category, also for \"This Is Us\" and appeared in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film \"Black Panther\" as N'Jobu. He also was part of that year's Screen Actors Guild Award win for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series, again for \"This Is Us\". In June 2018, he gave the commencement address at Stanford University. In June 2007, he married actress Ryan Michelle Bathe, his college sweetheart. They have two sons.", "title": "Sterling K. Brown" }, { "id": "13637800", "text": "in the sci-fi film \"Our House\", directed by Anthony Scott Burns. Peltz was in a relationship with model Anwar Hadid from December 2016 until May 2018. Nicola Peltz Nicola Anne Peltz (born December 9, 1995) is an American actress. Her breakthrough role came when she played in the 2010 film \"The Last Airbender\". From 2013 to 2015, she co-starred as Bradley Martin in the A&E drama series \"Bates Motel\". In 2014, she starred as Tessa Yeager in the fourth \"Transformers\" film, \"\". Peltz was born in Westchester County, New York. Her mother, Claudia (née Heffner), is a former model, and", "title": "Nicola Peltz" }, { "id": "12747534", "text": "in the thriller film \"YellowBrickRoad\" which was written and directed by Andy Mitton and Jesse Holland. She has appeared in several films and television series. Freeman played the character Veronica Sharpe in the award-winning short film \"Razor Sharp\". The film won \"Best Action Film\" at the 2007 Comic-Con International Independent Film Festival. In September 2008, she began starring in The CW Superman-inspired drama \"Smallville\" where she played Tess Mercer after the departure of Michael Rosenbaum's Lex Luthor and continued this role until the show ended in May 2011. Freeman has appeared three times in the CBS crime drama franchise CSI.", "title": "Cassidy Freeman" }, { "id": "17402803", "text": "One Direction: This Is Us One Direction: This Is Us is a 2013 3-D documentary concert film about English-Irish boy band One Direction. It opened in the United Kingdom on 29 August 2013, followed a day later in the United States. The film shows many clips and songs of One Direction and grossed $68 million worldwide. Billed as an intimate all-access look at life on the road for the global music phenomenon, \"This Is Us\" follows the lives of the five members of the boy band, One Direction. One Direction was first put into a group on the \"X Factor\"", "title": "One Direction: This Is Us" }, { "id": "6418127", "text": "role as Tess Silverman McLeod in the hit Nine Network television series \"McLeod's Daughters\"; she appeared on the show for its first six seasons. She was nominated for many Silver and Gold Logies for her performance as \"Tess McLeod\", including the industry-voted Most Outstanding Actress in 2004. Carter's recent television credits include \"Wild Boys\" for the Seven Network and \"\" for the Nine Network, both in 2011. Other television credits include \"G.P.\", \"Water Rats\", \"All Saints\", \"Home and Away\", \"Murder Call\", and \"Above the Law\", where she had the starring role of Senior Constable Debbie Curtis. Her film credits include", "title": "Bridie Carter" }, { "id": "18739986", "text": "as a Band 7 Ward Sister, with Rita Freeman (Chloe Howman) having taken over her previous position. Following her return, Tess has several quieter months, assisting Charlie with the recovery of his heroin-addict son Louis (Gregory Forsyth-Foreman). After seeing the torment that Charlie goes through with Louis, Tess leaves a voicemail for her son Sam, asking him whether he is happy and telling him she is always there for him. He then returns to Holby, surprising Tess with a visit, alongside his newborn son Charlie. Sam asks Tess to move to Leeds with him and be a grandmother to his", "title": "Tess Bateman" }, { "id": "18188266", "text": "Nick Holliday on Tumblr. They talked online for seven months before Holliday traveled to the U.S. to visit, and in April 2015, he moved from Melbourne to the U.S. On July 5, 2014, they got engaged. They secretly wed one year later on July 5, 2015. She gave birth her second son in June 2016. Holliday lives with her mother, husband, and sons. She was born Ryann Hoven but changed her name to Tess Munster (a surname she chose because she liked the television sitcom \"The Munsters\") when she started doing alternative modeling and has also used the name Tess", "title": "Tess Holliday" }, { "id": "18739980", "text": "difficult decision of leaving Holby to live with her son, Sam (Luke Bailey), in Leeds following the birth of his son Charlie, on 15 August 2015. Tess then appeared through a video message to friend Zoe Hanna (Sunetra Sarker), wishing her luck for her wedding and that she is enjoying being a grandmother, on 22 August. Packer reprised her role for the 30th anniversary episode \"Too Old for This Shift\", which aired on 27 August 2016. Following her husband's paralysis and their subsequent separation, she struggles to come to terms with her son Sam's bi-polar condition, and is reluctant to", "title": "Tess Bateman" }, { "id": "17606574", "text": "January 21, 2013 in Brazil, she won Best Supporting Actress in a Best of 2012 Awards promoted by Brazilian cable channel Universal Channel. Nina Lisandrello Nina Lisandrello is an American actress, known for her role as Tess Vargas in the television series \"Beauty & The Beast\". She has guest starred in \"Law & Order\", \"Conviction\", \"Nurse Jackie\", and \"FBI\". Lisandrello was born in Encino, a district of Los Angeles, California. During her childhood days she constantly traveled around Europe due to her mother's singing career. At the age of 10 years she did a TV commercial for Levi's directed by", "title": "Nina Lisandrello" }, { "id": "11639261", "text": "2009, she played the lead role of Megs in short film \"The City of Lights\". Next McKenna landed a recurring role in the TNT revival of the CBS prime-time soap opera, \"Dallas\". In 2014, she appeared in the horror film \"Haunted\" along with Luke Kleintank and Lesley-Anne Down. She had a supporting role as Tammy in \"Bear with Us\" (2016). The film also earned McKenna numerous awards, including Jury Award for Best Supporting Actress at Sunscreen Film Festival. She appeared opposite Josh Radnor in the drama film \"The Seeker\" (2016), portraying Grace. In 2018, she was cast as the voice", "title": "Alex McKenna" }, { "id": "19938710", "text": "Tess (2016 film) Tess is a South African Afrikaans-language drama based on the novel \"Whiplash\" by Tracey Farren. The film, like the novel, is set in the Cape Town seaside suburb of Muizenberg. It was directed by Meg Rickards and starred, among others, Christia Visser, Nse Ikpe-Etim, Brendon Daniels, Dann-Jacques Mouton, Quanita Adams and Lee anne Van Rooi. The screenplay was also written by Tracey Farren. It was shot by Dutch director of photography Bert Haitsma and edited by Linda Man. It was produced by Kim Williams and Paul Egan. \"Tess\" tells the story of sassy twenty-year-old who sells her", "title": "Tess (2016 film)" }, { "id": "11238996", "text": "modeling at age five. Martin also appeared in several community theater productions in Las Vegas such as Peter Pan and performed for her Showteam and later made her professional theater debut in a Los Angeles production of \"13\". She appeared in several television commercials such as for Cabbage Patch Kids and Barbie. Martin started her acting career in 2007, such as the television programs Nickelodeon’s \"Just Jordan\" and CBS’s \"Close to Home\", as well as a guest stint in the Disney Channel series \"The Suite Life of Zack & Cody\". Martin eventually cast as the lead antagonist Tess Tyler in", "title": "Meaghan Martin" }, { "id": "10523173", "text": "Tess Gallagher (Blue Heelers) Tess Gallagher is a fictional character in the Australian television series \"Blue Heelers\", portrayed by Caroline Craig from 2000 to 2003. She arrived after Maggie Doyle's death. She arrives as the new Sergeant at Mount Thomas, taking Ben Stewart (Blue Heelers)'s assumed position. This and her emotionally withdrawn and critical character initially fuels animosity between her and her colleagues. She eventually earns the department's respect, particularly by her colleague Senior Detective P.J. Hasham and her boss Senior Sergeant Tom Croydon. Tess' family is pictured to be disjointed and hectic and leads her to adopt a survivalist", "title": "Tess Gallagher (Blue Heelers)" }, { "id": "12023779", "text": "Working Girl (TV series) Working Girl is an American sitcom that aired on NBC from April to July 1990. Loosely based on the 1988 film of the same name starring Melanie Griffith, the series stars Sandra Bullock as Tess McGill (Melanie Griffith's character in the film), in a role that was initially meant for Nancy McKeon. Tess McGill is a spunky, independent secretary who has suddenly become a junior executive after she charms company owner A.J. Trask. Tess' first challenge is to survive working with her antagonistic, uptight immediate boss, Mrs. Bryn Newhouse, otherwise known as the \"company witch.\" Tess's", "title": "Working Girl (TV series)" }, { "id": "20109955", "text": "nomination for Best Actress in a Principal Role (Play) for \"I Have Before Me a Remarkable Document Given to Me by a Young Lady from Rwanda\". She has received positive reviews for her portrayal of Bilquis on \"American Gods\". The character of Bilquis has had its role in the story expanded for the television series. Starting in 2018, Badaki also plays the recurring character Chi Chi on \"This Is Us\". Badaki has written a short film called \"Hollywoodland\", which she funded with IndieGoGo. Badaki and Karen David will produce and star in the short film while Jessica Sherif will direct.", "title": "Yetide Badaki" }, { "id": "8301484", "text": "years before: return home with Max's son (with Tess' help) and deliver Max, Michael and Isabel to Kivar, who would have killed them. Eventually, Tess is the one who completes part of the deal, as Nasedo dies at the beginning of season two. When first introduced in the series, Tess appears to be obsessed with Max and fulfilling her destiny by being with him. However, at the end of season two, her true goal and purpose is revealed: to return to Antar pregnant with Max's child. In her previous life, Tess was known as Ava. She was the queen of", "title": "Tess Harding" }, { "id": "9220967", "text": "must decide whether to abandon her quest or try to turn her new shape to the advantage, at great risk of losing her human identity in the process. Wren to the Rescue tells the story of an orphan girl who learns her best friend and purportedly fellow-orphan Tess, is in fact Teresa Rhisadel, princess and sole heiress of the neighbouring country of Meldrith. Tess proceeds to reveal her reason for remaining in hiding these many years: a curse. Namely, that of Andreus self-styled king of the nearby and ever-menacing nation of Senna Lirwan. In hopes that after twelve years Andreus", "title": "Wren to the Rescue" }, { "id": "19510486", "text": "the season a score of 76 out of 100 based on 34 reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". Season 2 received a 94% approval rating from Rotten Tomatoes based on 17 reviews. \"Entertainment Weekly\" gave the first few episodes of \"This Is Us\" a rating of B, calling it \"a refreshing respite from the relational violence and pessimism that marks the other buzz soaps that have bubbled forth from a culture of divisiveness\". Moreover, they praised all the actors, specifically Sterling K. Brown, for being able to navigate \"his scenes with such intelligence, authenticity, and charisma\". Outside of the regular Tuesday", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "20709674", "text": "Award-winning actor to reach number one on the Hot 100, the first being Justin Timberlake, who topped the chart with \"Can't Stop the Feeling!\" in 2016. It topped the Hot 100 for two weeks, and left the top ten after five weeks. Credits are adapted from Tidal. This Is America (song) \"This Is America\" is a song by American rapper Childish Gambino. Written and produced by Gambino and Ludwig Göransson, it was released on May 5, 2018, at the same time that Gambino was hosting that day's episode of \"Saturday Night Live\". The song features background vocals by American rappers", "title": "This Is America (song)" }, { "id": "6085855", "text": "met while attending UCLA. She retired from her acting career, and the couple had four children together. One of her daughters, Hannah Zeile, currently stars as teenage Kate Pearson on This Is Us They divorced in January 2015. Julianne McNamara Julianne Lyn McNamara (born October 11, 1965) is an American former artistic gymnast, who was born to Australians Jean and Kevin McNamara. She was the winner of the U.S. women's first individual event gold medal in Olympic history. McNamara won the 1980 US all-around title and qualified for the 1980 Olympic team but did not compete due to the Olympic", "title": "Julianne McNamara" }, { "id": "17274993", "text": "in \"South Pacific\". In 2017, Settle portrayed Lettie Lutz, a bearded lady, in the biographical musical drama film \"The Greatest Showman\", alongside Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, and Zendaya. The song \"This Is Me\" from the film, principally sung by Settle, won the 2018 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song. On December 22, 2017, she released an extended play entitled \"Chapter One\". In 2018, she was featured in \"Forbidden\", the newest Todrick Hall visual album, especially in the song called \"Forbidden\", a song against homophobia. Keala Settle Keala Joan", "title": "Keala Settle" }, { "id": "3962642", "text": "who got them from Walter Lippmann.\" In \"Woman of the Year\" (1942) Katharine Hepburn played Tess Harding, a character directly based on Thompson. The Broadway musical is based on Thompson as well, this time played by Lauren Bacall. In 1941, Thompson wrote \"Who Goes Nazi?\" for \"Harper's Magazine\". She was a keynote speaker at the Biltmore Conference, and by war's end was regarded as one of the most effective spokespersons for Zionism. Thompson switched her views round radically after a trip to Palestine in 1945, and ran into difficulties, including accusations of anti-Semitism, which she strongly rebuffed, after being warned", "title": "Dorothy Thompson" }, { "id": "19395645", "text": "biopic \"You Are My Friend\" alongside Tom Hanks in 2019. Susan Kelechi Watson Susan Kelechi Watson (born November 11, 1981) is an American actress. She is known for her work on the television shows \"Louie\" and \"This Is Us\". Watson is set to portray Andrea Vogel in her film debut in the Fred Rogers biopic \"You Are My Friend\" (2019). Watson was born in Brooklyn on November 11, 1981. She is of Jamaican heritage, with both her parents being born on the island nation. Watson's middle name, 'Kelechi' is of Igbo origins meaning 'Thank God'. Watson obtained a Bachelor of", "title": "Susan Kelechi Watson" }, { "id": "12102644", "text": "\"This Is Me\" is the first song that Lovato's character, Mitchie Torres, sang in \"Camp Rock\" with Jonas's character, Shane Gray. Mitchie wrote the song in the beginning of the film, and was later heard (in an acoustic version on piano), but not seen, by Shane, who set out to search for the girl behind the amazing voice. After most people performed already in the \"Final Jam\" session, Mitchie sang the song (original version) and Shane saw her and sang part of the song he wrote, \"Gotta Find You\". The two songs are combined to make the original version, as", "title": "This Is Me (Demi Lovato song)" }, { "id": "13357966", "text": "would score the film, as each had for the previous film. The film is set five years after the events in \"Transformers: Dark of the Moon\". Shia LaBeouf did not return in any future installments. Mark Wahlberg was instead cast in the lead role as new character, Cade Yeager. In November 2012, casting began to search for two more leads. Isabelle Cornish, Nicola Peltz, Gabriella Wilde, and Margaret Qualley were all considered to play Cade's daughter Tessa Yeager, while Luke Grimes, Landon Liboiron, Brenton Thwaites, Jack Reynor, and Hunter Parrish were all considered to play Tessa's race-car-driving boyfriend, Shane Dyson.", "title": "Transformers (film series)" }, { "id": "3075467", "text": "She achieved continuing success in the religious television drama \"Touched by an Angel\" (1994–2003), in which Reese played the leading role of Tess. Della Reese was born Delloreese Patricia Early on July 6, 1931, in the historic Black Bottom neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan, to Richard Thaddeus Early, an African American steelworker, and Nellie (Mitchelle), a Native American cook of the Cherokee tribe. Her mother had had several children before Reese's birth, none of whom lived with her; hence, Reese grew up as an only child. At six years old, Reese began singing in church. From this experience, she became an", "title": "Della Reese" }, { "id": "14242199", "text": "remainder of the film, including most of the interior scenes. Both Unsworth and Cloquet were nominated and won an Academy Award for Best Cinematography. Cloquet alone was nominated for the César Award for Cinematography, which he won. The original musical score was composed by Philippe Sarde. The melody played by the character Clare on a recorder is a popular Polish folk song \"Laura i Filon\". \"Tess\" was released in theaters in the United States on 12 December 1980. During its entire theatrical run, the film grossed little over $20 million in the United States ($60 million in 2014 dollars), which", "title": "Tess (1979 film)" }, { "id": "14242190", "text": "Tess (1979 film) Tess is a 1979 drama film directed by Roman Polanski and starring Nastassja Kinski, Peter Firth, and Leigh Lawson. It is an adaptation of Thomas Hardy's 1891 novel \"Tess of the d'Urbervilles\". The screenplay was written by Gérard Brach, John Brownjohn, and Roman Polanski. The film received positive critical reviews upon release and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture, winning three for Best Cinematography, Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design. The story takes place in Thomas Hardy's Wessex during the Victorian period. The events of the story are set in motion when a", "title": "Tess (1979 film)" }, { "id": "19938711", "text": "body on Cape Town’s streets. She survives by popping painkillers by the bunch and through her wry humour. But her life turns upside down when she falls pregnant. Though Tess tries to run, her past torments her. She begins to question her own sanity. Tess fights back, fighting her demons, searching for the truth. \"The fact that Tess is a sex worker is almost incidental. She’s a young woman who is undergoing a tumultuous journey: facing the truth of her childhood, coming to terms with it and moving forward with her inner dignity intact. She is so unflinchingly honest that", "title": "Tess (2016 film)" }, { "id": "17274986", "text": "Keala Settle Keala Joan Settle (born November 5, 1975) is an American actress and singer. Settle originated the role of Norma Valverde in \"Hands on a Hardbody\", which ran on Broadway in 2013, and was nominated for the Outer Critics Circle Award, Drama Desk Award, and Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical. In 2017, she portrayed Lettie Lutz, a bearded lady, in the musical film \"The Greatest Showman\". The song \"This Is Me\" from the film, principally sung by Settle, won the 2018 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, and was nominated for the Academy Award", "title": "Keala Settle" }, { "id": "19395644", "text": "Fine Arts degree from the Tisch School of the Arts Graduate Acting Program. Watson had a recurring role on the television show \"Louie\" from 2012 through 2014. She has also had recurring roles on \"NCIS\", \"The Following\", and \"The Blacklist\". She appeared in a play at the American Airlines Theatre in New York City by playwright Richard Greenberg entitled \"A Naked Girl on the Appian Way\" in 2005. Since 2016, she has starred in the NBC drama series \"This Is Us\" as Beth Pearson. Watson is set to star in her film debut as Andrea Vogel in the Fred Rogers", "title": "Susan Kelechi Watson" }, { "id": "19510483", "text": "it to the studio. Jennifer Salke, president at NBC, commented on the conception of a title for the series, saying \"The title didn't come easy...but \"This Is Us\" tapped into everything, and the show's about us.\" It has been revealed that other ideas for the title included \"36\", \"Happy Birthday\", and \"The Story of Us.\" . Despite positive reviews from both 20th Television and sister company,Fox, there were concerns regarding the lack of views it would attract on the network, leading Fox to sell it to NBC . NBC is regarded by many networks as an ideal place for \"This", "title": "This Is Us (TV series)" }, { "id": "17538043", "text": "Ron Cephas Jones Ron Cephas Jones (born January 8, 1957) is an American actor. He is best known for his role in the drama series \"This Is Us\" (2016–2018), which earned him two consecutive Primetime Emmy Award nominations, winning one for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series in 2018. Jones has also appeared in a number of films and television series including \"Half Nelson\" (2006), \"Glass Chin\" (2014), seasons 1–2 of \"Mr. Robot\" (2015–2016), and \"Luke Cage\" (2016–2018). Jones was born on January 8, 1957, in Paterson, New Jersey. He attended John F. Kennedy High School and graduated from", "title": "Ron Cephas Jones" }, { "id": "19966689", "text": "Production on the season officially began on July 10, 2018, in Los Angeles. General references This Is Us (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"This Is Us\" continues to follow the lives and connections of the Pearson family across several time periods. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger serving as showrunners. A third season was ordered, alongside a second season, in January 2017, with production for season three beginning in July 2018. The season stars an ensemble cast", "title": "This Is Us (season 3)" }, { "id": "18739983", "text": "close relationship with nurse, Adrian Fletcher (Alex Walkinshaw), which later develops into an affair. Fletch goes on holiday with his family for two weeks and while he is away, Tess discovers she is pregnant with his baby. She doesn't inform anyone of this but confides in Zoe Hanna (Sunetra Sarker) after deciding to have the baby aborted. When he returns from his trip away, Fletch's wife, Natalie (Claire Cage) starts to worry that Fletch is having an affair and he denies her worries. Tess then ends the affair with Fletch after finding out that Natalie is beginning to worry but", "title": "Tess Bateman" }, { "id": "6906109", "text": "the scene was shot. After filming, Duvall said Harper did a very good job, and he felt her rural past in Arkansas helped her in the part. She earned a Golden Globe Award nomination for the role. Duvall won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance. Harper appeared in the TV mini-series \"Chiefs\" (1983) and \"Celebrity\" (1984), as well as many television movies including \"\" (1983) and \"Reckless Disregard\" (1985). In 1983, she appeared in the full-length feature \"Silkwood\". In 1986, Harper was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her work as Chick Boyle", "title": "Tess Harper" }, { "id": "20601869", "text": "of Seraphina, the main character of the previous books by Rachel Hartman, along with her twin sister, Jeanne. She is (supposedly) the younger twin, and thus her role in life is to help her sister find a good husband and live a proper life. Tess is often the scapegoat of the family, and her mother often blames her for everything that goes wrong. Tess helped her sister arrange to marry Lord Richard Pfanzlig, and her sister invited her to stay with her as a nursemaid. The brother of Lord Richard, Brother Jacomo, hates Tess for reasons unbeknownst to her in", "title": "Tess of the Road" }, { "id": "19631311", "text": "has also stated that the novel's other two central characters, Jake and Simone, are entirely fictional. Danler has compared writing her first novel to her experiences in the restaurant world. Tess is 21 when she packs up her things in her car and moves from Ohio to New York City. Knowing nothing and no one she stumbles her way into a job at a semi-prestigious restaurant as a backwaitress. The servers and staff are exceptionally tight-knit and take their jobs extremely seriously and Tess does as well. Tess is also drawn to Jake, one of the bartenders, and Simone, a", "title": "Sweetbitter" }, { "id": "19966678", "text": "full-tilt heartstring-tugging family drama, \"This Is Us\" will provide a suitable surrogate for those who have felt a void in their lives since \"Parenthood\" went off the air.\" On Metacritic, the season has a normalized score of 76 out of 100, based on 34 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". TVLine gave the series \"A-\" saying, \"With emotionally resonant dialogue and top-notch performances, \"This Is Us\" should fill that Braverman-sized hole in your heart.\" \"TV Guide\" placed \"This Is Us\" at ninth among the top ten picks for the most anticipated new shows of the 2016–2017 season and called it, \"a", "title": "This Is Us (season 1)" }, { "id": "11757315", "text": "also appeared in the Lifetime series \"UnREAL\" as Bethany, the roommate of the main character Rachel Goldberg, portrayed by Shiri Appleby. In 2017, Harlow was cast as Tess, a recurring character in the 5th season of \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D\"., and as Melody in the pilot for the forthcoming legal drama \"The Jury\". Eve Harlow Eve Harlow (born June 20, 1989) is a Canadian actress\". \"She is known for her roles on television, including as Maya in the CW series \"The 100\" (2014–2015), as Taylor in the NBC miniseries \"Heroes Reborn\" (2015), and as Tess in the ABC series \"Agents of", "title": "Eve Harlow" }, { "id": "20709671", "text": "2018, Billboard ranked \"This Is America\" as the 6th best song of the year. Glover hosted the May 5 episode of the 43rd season of \"Saturday Night Live\", and performed two new songs as Childish Gambino on the same episode, the second of which was \"This Is America\". Daniel Kaluuya, best known as the star of the film \"Get Out\" which the music video reportedly references, introduced the song's performance. Several artists attracted attention and millions of views for creating covers of the song and music video with altered lyrics and themes, retaining the song's instrumental and the general structure", "title": "This Is America (song)" }, { "id": "15840191", "text": "Dan Fogelman Dan Fogelman (born March 19, 1976) is an American television producer and screenwriter whose screenplays include \"Tangled\"; \"Crazy, Stupid, Love\"; and the Pixar film \"Cars\". He also created the 2012 television sitcom \"The Neighbors\", the 2015 fairy tale-themed musical comedy series \"Galavant\", the 2016 dramedy series \"This Is Us\", and the 2016 baseball drama series \"Pitch\". Fogelman grew up in what he has called an \"endearingly dysfunctional\" Jewish family in River Vale, New Jersey. Dan Fogelman attended Pascack Valley High School in nearby Hillsdale. He and his mother, Joyce, took a road trip from New Jersey to Las", "title": "Dan Fogelman" }, { "id": "20330106", "text": "timeslot, to anchor a new Must See TV lineup, alongside \"Will & Grace\", \"Great News\" and \"Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders\", with NBC chairman Bob Greenblatt explaining, \"While this is a bit risky, there is a bigger case to be made about redoing Thursday night. If there is one show we could move, it would be this one.\" However, on May 30, 2017, NBC decided to keep the series on Tuesdays at 9pm EST, allowing it a run of 10 uninterrupted original episodes in the fall. The season aired from September 26, 2017, to March 13, 2018,", "title": "This Is Us (season 2)" }, { "id": "5352127", "text": "that Tony is in fact Carl's long-lost son, Paul Anthony, at which point he is supposed to be dead. Tess: Tess, played by \"Absolutely's\" Morwenna Banks, is the long-suffering receptionist at the Mermade Hotel. She is also Roy Oates' reluctant girlfriend. She claims that before he had his \"accident\" he was great fun (\"he even introduced me to a barrister,\"). She is drawn to Carl, but is not willing to commit. She is addicted to the \"gas\" from an asthma inhaler, which induces an extremely brief spell of euphoria. She never believes anything anyone says, usually offering a reply along", "title": "Catterick (TV series)" }, { "id": "8301489", "text": "as the new girl at fictional West Roswell High School. She almost immediately makes friends with Isabel, who notes that Tess puts sugar on her yogurt, something Isabel herself admits she is prone to do. Tess later goes to Isabel and Max's house, where she meets Max and Michael. Isabel quickly explains that Tess is her friend and new at school. This does not stop Max and Michael from being suspicious. Tess is quick to point out Alex's crush on Isabel, and when asked if there is anyone she has her eye on, she admits that she is disappointed that", "title": "Tess Harding" } ]	who is the character tess in this is us
[ "November 25, 2017" ]	[ { "id": "18141389", "text": "on July 17, 2016. The third season premiered on September 17, 2016, and concluded on October 7, 2017. The fourth season premiered on October 21, 2017. In Canada, the series premiered on YTV on October 8, 2014. In Australia and New Zealand, the series began airing on Nickelodeon on January 17, 2015. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the series premiered on Nickelodeon on February 13, 2015. On March 2, 2017, Nickelodeon announced that a new animated series, under the working title of \"The Adventures of Kid Danger and Captain Man\", is in development with 10 episodes announced. \"The Adventures", "title": "Henry Danger" }, { "id": "18141390", "text": "of Kid Danger\" premiered on January 15, 2018. On May 5, 2017, the president of Viacom's Nickelodeon group announced that a movie based on the series is in development. Henry Danger Henry Danger is an American comedy television series created by Dan Schneider and Dana Olsen that premiered on Nickelodeon on July 26, 2014. The series stars Jace Norman, Cooper Barnes, Riele Downs, Sean Ryan Fox, Ella Anderson. and Michael D. Cohen. On July 27, 2018, the series was renewed for a 20-episode fifth season. Henry Hart is a 13-year-old boy who lives in the town of Swellview. He lands", "title": "Henry Danger" }, { "id": "18141387", "text": "the series started airing with a one-hour special as the first episode. Series creator Dan Schneider stated on Twitter that a character from one of his previous series will make a guest appearance on the series. On November 18, 2014, the series was renewed for a second season. On March 2, 2016, the series was renewed for a third season. On November 16, 2016, the series was renewed for a fourth season. On March 19, 2018, Jace indicated in an interview with \"Extra\" that the series was to be picked up for a fifth season. On July 27, 2018, the", "title": "Henry Danger" }, { "id": "18141388", "text": "series was renewed for a fifth season of 20 episodes. In addition, Michael D. Cohen had been promoted to main cast and Christopher J. Nowak now serves as showrunner while Jake Farrow now serves as executive producer. On December 3, 2018, it was announced that Nickelodeon had ordered 10 additional episodes for the fifth season, bringing the series to 117 produced episodes. In the United States, the series and first season premiered with a one-hour special on Nickelodeon on July 26, 2014. The first season concluded on May 16, 2015. The second season premiered on September 12, 2015, and concluded", "title": "Henry Danger" }, { "id": "18141385", "text": "Henry Danger Henry Danger is an American comedy television series created by Dan Schneider and Dana Olsen that premiered on Nickelodeon on July 26, 2014. The series stars Jace Norman, Cooper Barnes, Riele Downs, Sean Ryan Fox, Ella Anderson. and Michael D. Cohen. On July 27, 2018, the series was renewed for a 20-episode fifth season. Henry Hart is a 13-year-old boy who lives in the town of Swellview. He lands a part-time job as Kid Danger, a sidekick of Captain Man who's a well-known superhero in Swellview. Captain Man tells Henry not to tell anybody about his job, so", "title": "Henry Danger" }, { "id": "20349738", "text": "Adventures of Kid Danger and Captain Man\", on March 2, 2017, and ordered 10 episodes. The series is executive produced by Dan Schneider. Previous to its television run, it debuted in July 2015 as a Nickelodeon short-form digital series, also created by Schneider. The series had a sneak peek of its first two segments as part of \"Henry Danger\"s \"Toon in for Danger\" on January 15, 2018. \"The Adventures of Kid Danger\" officially premiered on Nickelodeon on January 19, 2018. In Canada, the series premiered on February 9, 2018 on YTV. In the UK and Ireland, the series premiered on", "title": "The Adventures of Kid Danger" }, { "id": "5228585", "text": "Schneider hit television show, \"Henry Danger.\" This new animated series, titled \"The Adventures of Kid Danger\" debuted on January 19, 2018. Its ratings were constantly in the top 25, performing better than expected. On its final premiere episodes during the week of June 11–17, 2018 it was the #1 program for K6–11 (it received at 2.91 for boys aged 2–5 and a 3.15 for boys aged 6–11.) The show is currently not slated for more episodes. In 2005, Moncrief left Disney to become a director on the Fox television series \"Family Guy\" for Fox Animation Studios. He directed six episodes", "title": "Zac Moncrief" }, { "id": "18694237", "text": "the latter, \"Rufus 2\", aired on Nickelodeon in January 2017. He voiced the lead role in the animated film \"Spark\", released in April 2017. In 2017 and 2018 Norman won the Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Male TV Star. Jace Norman Jace Lee Norman (born March 21, 2000) is an American actor. He is known for his starring role as Henry Hart/Kid Danger in the Nickelodeon television series \"Henry Danger\". Norman was born in Corrales, New Mexico. He moved to Southern California when he was 8. He has an older brother and an older sister. Norman started his acting career", "title": "Jace Norman" }, { "id": "17829978", "text": "his inspiration by '70s glam rock icons. He launched an app partnership, YouCam Make-up, in June, which ties in to the single. \"Queen\" ranked number 35 on the \"Billboard\" Twitter Top Tracks chart for the week dated July 15, 2017. In July, Grande competed on the CBS TV game show \"Candy Crush\". The following month, he appeared on the Vimeo web series \"Indoor Boys\"; for this he was nominated for a Best Actor award at the 2018 Indie Series Awards. He guest-starred in September 2017 in a two-part episode of Nickelodeon's sitcom \"Henry Danger\", Season 3, \"Live & Dangerous\", in", "title": "Frankie Grande" }, { "id": "20349739", "text": "April 9, 2018, also paired with \"Henry Danger\"s \"Toon in for Danger\". The Adventures of Kid Danger The Adventures of Kid Danger is an American animated television series created by Dan Schneider. The series first aired on Nickelodeon as a sneak peek on January 15, 2018, before its official premiere on January 19, 2018. Based on \"Henry Danger\", it features the voices of Jace Norman, Cooper Barnes, Michael D. Cohen, Riele Downs, Sean Ryan Fox, Ella Anderson, and Jeffrey Nicholas Brown. This series details the animated adventures of Kid Danger and Captain Man as they fight various villains and threats", "title": "The Adventures of Kid Danger" }, { "id": "20349737", "text": "The Adventures of Kid Danger The Adventures of Kid Danger is an American animated television series created by Dan Schneider. The series first aired on Nickelodeon as a sneak peek on January 15, 2018, before its official premiere on January 19, 2018. Based on \"Henry Danger\", it features the voices of Jace Norman, Cooper Barnes, Michael D. Cohen, Riele Downs, Sean Ryan Fox, Ella Anderson, and Jeffrey Nicholas Brown. This series details the animated adventures of Kid Danger and Captain Man as they fight various villains and threats to Swellview. Nickelodeon greenlit the animated series, under the working title \"The", "title": "The Adventures of Kid Danger" }, { "id": "17829980", "text": "at (Le) Poisson Rouge as Blaine in March 2018. In May 2018, Grande reprised the role of Frankini in a fourth season episode of \"Henry Danger\" titled \"Captain Man-kini\", and also guest-starred on \"RuPaul's Drag Race\". In July he returned for another guest appearance on \"Indoor Boys\". He starred as Finch in a July 2018 Muhlenberg production of \"How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying\". A reviewer wrote: \"His Finch is utterly charming and has an adorable innocence that belies the manipulative techniques he employs to get ahead.\" In August, he played Victor Garber in New York City in", "title": "Frankie Grande" }, { "id": "20011351", "text": "2017 Kids' Choice Awards The 30th Annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was held on March 11, 2017, at the Galen Center on the University of Southern California campus in Los Angeles live on Nickelodeon and either live or on tape delay across all of Nickelodeon's international networks. John Cena hosted the ceremony. This is the earliest Kids' Choice Awards ceremony date to take place in the year, with the former latest being the 1989 ceremony on June 25, 1989. A new episode of one of Nickelodeon's television series, \"Henry Danger\", premiered right before the ceremony. Jace Norman subsequently led the", "title": "2017 Kids' Choice Awards" }, { "id": "20758344", "text": "Amiah Miller Amiah Miller is an American actress. She stars in 2017 film \"War for the Planet of the Apes.\" She also appears in the TV series \"Henry Danger\", \"Best Friends Whenever\" and \"MacGyver\". Miller grew up in a small town in Virginia. Around 2013 to 2014, Miller took acting training classes in Los Angeles, California and Orlando, Florida. Besides acting, Miller also studies Muay Thai and jujutsu. In 2017, Miller stars in the lead in \"War for the Planet of the Apes\", as the character Nova, a mute orphan who helps the apes rescue Caesar—the main character, and goes", "title": "Amiah Miller" }, { "id": "11291041", "text": "a Gemini (Canadian Emmy) award nomination. Now he can be seen regularly as the character Schwoz Schwartz on Nickelodeon's hit sit-com \"Henry Danger\" and has appeared on shows such as \"Modern Family, The Real O'Neals, 2 Broke Girls, The Mindy Project, Backstrom, Eagleheart, Austin & Ally\" and many others. Recent film credits include the comedy \"Suburbicon\", directed by George Clooney and written by the Coen Brothers, the Oscar-nominated film \"Whiplash\", as well as the Canadian Screen Award-nominated film \"It Was You Charlie\", for which he was nominated for an ACTRA Award for Outstanding Lead Performance. Michael has dozens of commercial", "title": "Michael Cohen (actor)" }, { "id": "16754926", "text": "September 22, 2012 with season premieres of the respective series in both dayparts. The evening version of \"Gotta See Saturdays\" is a direct successor to the former Saturday night SNICK (1992–2004) and TEENick (2001–2009) blocks. As of March 31, 2018, the branding for Nick's Saturday night premieres is now known as A Night of Premieres, with the premiere of the newest original series \"Star Falls\" and \"Knight Squad\" alongside season 4 of \"Henry Danger\". In its previous brandings, one of the first acquired programming to air in this format was \"TeenNick Top 10\" from sister channel \"TeenNick\". The Saturday morning", "title": "Nickelodeon Saturday programming block" }, { "id": "18694236", "text": "Jace Norman Jace Lee Norman (born March 21, 2000) is an American actor. He is known for his starring role as Henry Hart/Kid Danger in the Nickelodeon television series \"Henry Danger\". Norman was born in Corrales, New Mexico. He moved to Southern California when he was 8. He has an older brother and an older sister. Norman started his acting career in 2012 with an appearance on Disney's television series \"Jessie\". Since 2014, he has played the lead role in Nickelodeon's sitcom \"Henry Danger\". He has also starred in two Nickelodeon original movies, \"Splitting Adam\" and \"Rufus\"; a sequel to", "title": "Jace Norman" }, { "id": "7803113", "text": "being a former stand-up comedian. In 2009, he started working on the Nickelodeon TV series \"The Troop\". He is also the creator of \"Wendell & Vinnie\". In 2015, he became a writer & co-executive producer of Dan Schneider & Dana Olsen's live-action sitcom, \"Henry Danger\". His father is comedy writer Arnie Kogen. Jay Kogen Jay Steven Kogen (born May 3, 1963) is an American comedy writer, producer, actor and director. Born to a Jewish family, Kogen has co-written several episodes of \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" and \"The Simpsons\" along with former writing partner Wallace Wolodarsky. Since then, he has written", "title": "Jay Kogen" }, { "id": "19721949", "text": "The series officially premiered on September 23, 2017, coinciding with the original show's 30th anniversary. On May 1, 2018, the show moved to the Disney Channel, with new episodes airing on Fridays beginning May 4, 2018. In Canada, the pilot premiered on Disney XD on August 12 and the full series started on September 23, 2017. In Australia and New Zealand, the show premiered on Disney Channel on October 13, 2017. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the pilot premiered on Disney Channel on November 4, 2017. The full series debuted on March 1, 2018 on Disney XD. In Indonesia,", "title": "DuckTales (2017 TV series)" }, { "id": "18141386", "text": "he attempts to keep it a secret from his best friends, Charlotte and Jasper, his younger sister, Piper, and his parents. Henry goes to a shop called \"Junk 'n' Stuff\" which has a secret lair called the Man Cave hidden underneath where Captain Man does his work. Captain Man says he will not be around for long and needs help; soon enough, he will need someone to take his place when he is gone. The series was picked up with an initial production order of 20 episodes on March 13, 2014, later expanding to 26 episodes. On July 26, 2014,", "title": "Henry Danger" }, { "id": "5789134", "text": "2017 on MTV. The 10th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from November 30, 2017 to March 1, 2018 on MTV. The 11th season will consist of 22 episodes and premiered on March 15, 2018 on MTV, two weeks after the end of Season 10. The season resumed on July 12, 2018. The 12th season will consist of 26 episodes and premiered on August 17, 2018 on MTV. The 13th season had filmed in Atlanta from October 29 to November 11, 2018 and will air sometime in 2019 on MTV. Wild 'n Out Nick Cannon Presents:", "title": "Wild 'n Out" }, { "id": "20054676", "text": "Ben Giroux Ben Giroux (born October 24, 1984) is an American actor and director. He is best known for creating the viral comedic music video \"Back to the 90s\" with indie hip-hop artist Jensen Reed. After amassing over 90 million views, the duo charted on Billboard and earned an endorsement from The Backstreet Boys, who invited Giroux and Reed to their Las Vegas residency in June 2017. Giroux is also known for voicing Mikey Munroe in the animated series \"Bunsen Is a Beast\" on \"Nickelodeon\", his recurring role as The Toddler in Nickelodeon's \"Henry Danger\", and his role as Little", "title": "Ben Giroux" }, { "id": "5799590", "text": "dual-show spin-off of both \"iCarly\" and \"Victorious\" called \"Sam & Cat\" premiered in 2013. It was cancelled after 36 episodes. Following the cancellation of \"Sam & Cat\", Schneider co-created \"Henry Danger\" with Dana Olsen. The show premiered in 2014. The following year, Schneider created \"Game Shakers\", which reunited him with actor and Nickelodeon veteran Kel Mitchell. Schneider also serves as Executive Producer. Jacques Steinberg of the \"New York Times\" said that Schneider \"has become the Norman Lear of children's television.\" On March 26, 2018, Nickelodeon announced that it would not be extending its production deal with Schneider and Schneider's Bakery.", "title": "Dan Schneider (TV producer)" }, { "id": "19725450", "text": "the United States and Canada on March 25, 2018, and concluded on May 21, 2018. It was released worldwide on Amazon Prime Video in every other country where the service is present (except Canada, UK and some Middle Eastern countries) starting March 26, 2018. Amazon released most of the first season ahead of its broadcast on AMC. In the United Kingdom, \"The Terror\" premiered on AMC on April 24, 2018. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an approval rating of 93% based on 44 reviews, with an average rating of 8.55/10. The website's critical consensus reads,", "title": "The Terror (TV series)" }, { "id": "12257182", "text": "is composed by Lester Barnes, and additional songs are composed by Lockdown Media. Three series were aired, with 52 episodes each. The fourth series started on 11 October 2014 with another 52 episodes making it 208 in total. On 10 May 2018, Nickelodeon UK announced they had acquired the broadcast rights to all the seasons of the show, and it premiered on 28 May 2018 on Nicktoons in the UK and Ireland with a special \"Horrid Half Term\". On the same day, Novel Entertainment ordered 50 new episodes slated to start airing in 2019. In November 2009, the series produced", "title": "Horrid Henry (TV series)" }, { "id": "20154404", "text": "2017. Dania Ramirez and Gabrielle Anwar were announced as additional regulars in July 2017. In August 2017, it was announced that Mekia Cox had been promoted to series regular after initially joining the cast in July as recurring. The storyline was softly rebooted with a main narrative led by an adult Henry Mills, set several years after last season's events. In February 2018, it was announced the seventh season would serve as the final season of the series; the season and series concluded on May 18, 2018. Several years after the Final Battle, Henry Mills leaves Storybrooke in search of", "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 7)" }, { "id": "12508346", "text": "new episodes of \"Sanjay And Craig\" and \"Breadwinners\" were shown prior to the event, while new episodes of \"The Haunted Hathaways\", \"Henry Danger\", \"Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn\", \"The Thundermans\", and \"AwesomenessTV\" were shown in the evening. In 2015, new episodes of Henry Danger, Game Shakers, and 100 Things To Do Before High School had aired that evening. In 2016, season premieres of Henry Danger, Game Shakers, & School Of Rock had aired that evening. In 2017, new episodes of Henry Danger and Game Shakers had aired that evening. Special appearances were arranged for the Worldwide Day of Play. Guests", "title": "Worldwide Day of Play" }, { "id": "1571218", "text": "third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes.[5] The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. The 7th season premiered August 10th 2018 and consists of 13 episodes. The 8th and final season is set to release on December 14th, 2018 and will consist of 13 episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. In Australia, DVDs", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "20228897", "text": "an unexplained sense of loss. In August, it was revealed that Regina would be a bar owner named Roni, who is more dressed down and is \"no longer in charge.\" In March 2017, Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were cast for unknown guest roles in the season six finale. During the episode, it was revealed that West was portraying an adult Henry Mills, while Fernandez portrayed his daughter, Lucy. After that episode's airing, they were confirmed as series regulars for season 7. On July 6, 2017, it was announced that Dania Ramirez and Gabrielle Anwar would be two additional", "title": "Hyperion Heights" }, { "id": "14752603", "text": "Steppenwolf Theatre. He was a member of the Second City during his high school years, before joining the Theatre School, De Paul University in Chicago where he earned his bachelor of fine arts. During summer breaks, he taught acting as well as drumming at the Wavy Gravy's Camp Winnarainbow. He currently performs with the Blue Man Group. He is currently appearing as Mr. Hart in the Nickelodeon comedy \"Henry Danger\". The series premiered on July 26, 2014. Jeffrey Nicholas Brown Jeffrey Nicholas Brown (born August 29, 1975 in Evanston, Illinois) is an American actor. He is most notable for portraying", "title": "Jeffrey Nicholas Brown" }, { "id": "18702463", "text": "The Book of Henry The Book of Henry is a 2017 American drama film directed by Colin Trevorrow and written by Gregg Hurwitz. The film stars Naomi Watts, Jaeden Lieberher, Jacob Tremblay, Sarah Silverman, Lee Pace, Maddie Ziegler, and Dean Norris. The story concerns a plan hatched by a young genius to save the girl next door from abuse. The film premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 14, 2017. It was released in theaters by Focus Features on June 16, 2017, and received generally negative reviews from critics, mostly focused on the film's plot twists and tonal", "title": "The Book of Henry" }, { "id": "19539167", "text": "1) has been shown on March 3. An English dub of the show premiered December 15, 2017 on Disney Channel Asia. It also premiered on Nickelodeon Sonic in India on July 16, 2018; however it was abruptly taken off the schedule nearly two weeks later for unknown reasons, with the last few episodes remaining to be aired. But in mid-November 2018, the new episodes were aired on Nick HD+ and the entire season was finished on November 18, 2018. The first episode of Season 2 was broadcast September 22, 2017, with episode two, three and four shown on September 29.", "title": "Ejen Ali" }, { "id": "5799591", "text": "In addition, the network also announced that Schneider's comedy \"Game Shakers\" would not be renewed for a fourth season. Schneider's remaining Nickelodeon comedy \"Henry Danger\" will be receiving a fifth season. Schneider has also been involved in films. He wrote the film \"Good Burger\", which starred Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell (and featured Schneider himself in a supporting role as Mr. Baily, the owner and manager of Good Burger). \"Good Burger\" was spun off from a popular comedy sketch which Schneider produced on his Nickelodeon television show \"All That\". Schneider also wrote and co-produced the film \"Big Fat Liar\" which", "title": "Dan Schneider (TV producer)" }, { "id": "10409701", "text": "3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter:", "title": "2007 Orlando Predators season" }, { "id": "10411020", "text": "Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd", "title": "2007 Nashville Kats season" }, { "id": "7563175", "text": "to wrap up Emma Swan's storyline. Later that week, actress Rebecca Mader announced that she would also be leaving the series after the sixth season wrapped. It was later announced that Ginnifer Goodwin, Josh Dallas, Jared S. Gilmore and Emilie de Ravin would also be leaving the show after the sixth season's finale aired. Along with departures, Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were announced to be joining the seventh season of the show as series regulars after guest starring in the previous season's finale. They will portray an older Henry Mills and his daughter Lucy respectively. In July 2017,", "title": "Once Upon a Time (TV series)" }, { "id": "19313870", "text": "K.O.! Let's Be Heroes\" had its worldwide television premiere in the US on Cartoon Network on August 1, 2017, and aired on sister network Boomerang from August 7 to September 1, 2017. In Canada, it premiered on August 1 on Cartoon Network and on September 4 on Teletoon. In Africa, the shorts were released on September 11 and the full series premiered on November 18, 2017. It premiered in the UK and Ireland on October 9, 2017. It premiered in Australia and New Zealand and the Philippines on January 6, 2018 and in Southeast Asia on January 20, 2018. A", "title": "OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes" }, { "id": "20154411", "text": "\"no longer in charge.\" Former main cast member Jennifer Morrison has confirmed that she has agreed to return for one episode, later revealed to be the second episode of the season. Morrison announced her last filming day on July 19, 2017. On July 22, it was confirmed that Emilie de Ravin would return for the fourth episode in the seventh season. In March 2017, Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were cast for unknown guest roles in the season six finale. During the episode, it was revealed that West was portraying an adult Henry Mills, while Fernandez portrayed his daughter,", "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 7)" }, { "id": "10409878", "text": "Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th", "title": "2007 New York Dragons season" }, { "id": "20574707", "text": "on the Nickelodeon television series \"Henry Danger\", playing the role of Charlotte who is the best friend of Henry. In 2017 she co-starred with Lizzy Greene in the Nickelodeon television film \"Tiny Christmas\". Riele Downs Riele Downs is a Canadian child actress. She is known for her role as Charlotte on the Nickelodeon television series \"Henry Danger\", and for her role as Faith Sullivan in the 2013 film \"The Best Man Holiday\". Downs started acting when she was 3 years old, and got her first role in the film \"Four Brothers\" playing the role of Amelia Mercer. She appeared in", "title": "Riele Downs" }, { "id": "20758345", "text": "on to live with the species in their new home. She was also featured in the main poster promotional for the film. She also appears in \"Lights Out\" (2016), playing Teresa Palmer's young version of the character. In television, she appears in \"Henry Danger\", \"Richie Rich\", \"Best Friends Whenever\", and \"MacGyver\", which main star Lucas Till. She often plays the young version of the main character, as she did in the film \"Lights Out\", \"Trafficked\", and the tv series \"Best Friends Whenever\". Her next project is a live-action-fantasy film \"Anastasia\", which also features Brandon Routh. Amiah Miller Amiah Miller is", "title": "Amiah Miller" }, { "id": "17014831", "text": "the series was given an additional 44-episode order. The second half of season 5 premiered on June 20, 2017 and ended with the season finale on September 12, 2017. On November 21, 2017, the series was renewed for a sixth season, which premiered on January 9, 2018, and the 1st mid-season finale aired March 13, 2018 and on March 13, 2018, OWN also announced the second half of the season, which premiered on May 1, 2018 and with the 2nd mid-season finale July 17, 2018. On July 17, 2018, OWN announced the third half of the season, which premiered on", "title": "The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series)" }, { "id": "2983347", "text": "from \"Sam & Cat\", making the universe between each of the shows confusing. However, these were probably all non-canonical references. In 2014, \"The Thundermans\" and \"The Haunted Hathaways\" did a crossover, called \"The Haunted Thundermans\". In 2016, \"Henry Danger\" and \"The Thundermans\" did a crossover, called \"Danger & Thunder\". In 2017, \"Henry Danger\" and \"Game Shakers\" did a crossover, called \"Danger Games\", which was then followed by a crossover episode, called \"Babe Loves Danger\", that aired in 2018. In 2017, \"Game Shakers\" did a crossover with \"iCarly\", called \"Game Shippers\". The main characters of \"Aaahh!!! Real Monsters\" make a crossover", "title": "Crossover (fiction)" }, { "id": "20455269", "text": "the HMV album sales chart and iTunes albums chart. Let Me Let Go, song from the album \"Knowing\" had dominated the \"Jade Solid Gold Chart\". In May 2016, he partnered with Alfred Hui and Jinny Ng hosted the reality show \"Summer Holiday\". In September 2016, he participated in the TV Drama, \"The Exorcist's Meter\" as Shek Kam Dong which was broadcast in 2017. In March 2017, he participated in another TV Drama, \"My Ages Apart\" as Henry which was broadcast from late 2017 to early 2018. In March 2017, he released the single, Imperfect Me. In June, he released another", "title": "Hubert Wu" }, { "id": "17057823", "text": "World\" (2015), and also provided his voice for the film's character of Mr. DNA. Connolly and Trevorrow also co-wrote the screenplay for its sequel, \"\", which was released in June 2018 and for which Trevorrow is an executive producer. After \"Jurassic World\", Trevorrow next directed \"The Book of Henry\", which was written by Gregg Hurwitz. The film was released by Focus Features on June 16, 2017 to generally negative reviews, although Trevorrow stood by the film. In March 2015, it was announced that Trevorrow would be directing the sci-fi thriller film \"Intelligent Life\", which was bought by DreamWorks. Trevorrow wrote", "title": "Colin Trevorrow" }, { "id": "18366453", "text": "having showtimes at either 2 am or 3 am to accommodate demand. In India, the film had the biggest release ever for a Hollywood film, opening on nearly 2,000 screens in four languages. The film also screened in 515 4DX theaters in 59 countries. \"Avengers: Infinity War\" was originally scheduled to be released on May 4, 2018 in the United States. The Chinese release of the film, which opened on May 11, 2018, was originally scheduled to end on June 10, 2018, but was granted a \"rare\" extension of 30 days, to end on July 9, 2018. Select footage from", "title": "Avengers: Infinity War" }, { "id": "20280232", "text": "Johnny English Strikes Again Johnny English Strikes Again is a 2018 action comedy film directed by David Kerr; it is a sequel to the 2011 film \"Johnny English Reborn\" and the third instalment in the \"Johnny English\" series. It stars Rowan Atkinson, Ben Miller, Olga Kurylenko, Jake Lacy, and Emma Thompson, and follows the titular secret MI7 agent who is called into action when all undercover operatives are exposed in a cyber attack. The film was released in cinemas in the United Kingdom on 5 October 2018, and was released on 26 October 2018 in the United States, by Universal", "title": "Johnny English Strikes Again" }, { "id": "17816487", "text": "Blum, Oren Peli and James Wan producing, Adam Robitel directing, and Lin Shaye returning to reprise her role as Elise Rainier. On October 11, 2016, the film was given a new release date for 2018, and pushed it back to January 5, 2018. In an interview, Whannell stated that if there is going to be a sequel, he currently doesn't know if he will be the one writing the script. On February 22, 2018, reports came stating that the fifth installment is in development after the box office success of \"Insidious: The Last Key\". Key Insidious (film series) Insidious is", "title": "Insidious (film series)" }, { "id": "20228881", "text": "Hyperion Heights \"Hyperion Heights\" is the first episode of the seventh season and the 134th episode overall of the American fantasy-drama series \"Once Upon a Time\". Directed by Ralph Hemecker and written by series co-creators Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz, it premiered on ABC in the United States on October 6, 2017. This episode marks a soft reboot in the series, with a new storyline being settled in with new characters and a new setting. The seventh season revolves around an older Henry Mills, who moved from Storybrooke to another realm in order to figure out what his story is.", "title": "Hyperion Heights" }, { "id": "10416126", "text": "Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance:", "title": "2007 Utah Blaze season" }, { "id": "15451024", "text": "on December 21, 2011. The second season premiered on October 17, 2012, and concluded on January 23, 2013. The third season premiered on October 9, 2013, and concluded on January 29, 2014. The fourth season premiered on October 8, 2014, and concluded on January 21, 2015. The fifth season premiered on October 7, 2015, and concluded on January 13, 2016. The sixth season premiered on September 14, 2016, and concluded on November 16, 2016. The seventh season premiered on September 5, 2017, and concluded on November 14, 2017. The eighth season premiered on September 12, 2018 and concluded on November", "title": "American Horror Story" }, { "id": "1624592", "text": "picked up for a second and third season. She was a guest star in the 2014 Bravo television series \"Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce\", playing the mother of Janeane Garofalo's character in the episode \"Rule #21: Leave Childishness to Children\". Peters plays the recurring role of Lenore Rindell in a spinoff of the television series \"The Good Wife\", titled \"The Good Fight\", which airs on CBS and CBS All Access starting in February 2017. Lenore and her husband Henry are finance experts and scammers; they are the parents of a main character, Maia, a young lawyer. Peters has recorded six solo", "title": "Bernadette Peters" }, { "id": "18371651", "text": "on April 26, 2019, in IMAX and 3D. Additionally, Frank Grillo and Letitia Wright reprise their roles as Brock Rumlow / Crossbones and Shuri from previous MCU films. Hiroyuki Sanada and Katherine Langford have been cast in undisclosed roles. Avengers co-creator Stan Lee has a posthumous cameo in the film. In October 2014, Marvel announced a two-part sequel to \"Age of Ultron\", titled \"Avengers: Infinity War\". \"Part 1\" was scheduled to be released on May 4, 2018, with \"Part 2\" scheduled for May 3, 2019. In April 2015, Marvel announced that Anthony and Joe Russo would direct both parts of", "title": "Avengers: Endgame" }, { "id": "14374217", "text": "Danger (TV series) Danger is a television series which first aired on September 19, 1950, and ended in May 1955. The first episode, entitled \"The Black Door\", was directed by Yul Brynner, based on a story by Henry Norton and a teleplay by Irving Elman, and starring Dane Clark and Olive Deering. The show featured many actors including Leslie Nielsen, E.G. Marshall, Joseph Anthony, Edward Binns, John Cassavetes, Míriam Colón, Ben Gazzara, Grace Kelly, Richard Kiley, Walter Slezak, Hildy Parks, James Gregory, Paul Langton, Cloris Leachman, Jayne Meadows, Martin Ritt, Maria Riva, Lee Grant, Kim Stanley, Rod Steiger, Steve Allen,", "title": "Danger (TV series)" }, { "id": "11291039", "text": "Michael Cohen (actor) Michael D. Cohen (born November 22, 1975) is a Canadian actor and writer. He's best known for his role as Schwoz Schwartz in the Nickelodeon series \"Henry Danger\". He is 5'1 in person Born in Winnipeg, Cohen and his family moved to Richmond, British Columbia when he was ten. As a fan of Carol Burnett and the other actors on TV's \"The Carol Burnett Show\", he was inspired to be an actor and writer, and won a Young Playwright's Contest at the age of twelve. Years after graduating from college, Michael moved to Toronto, where he studied", "title": "Michael Cohen (actor)" }, { "id": "18702476", "text": "subjects.\" The Book of Henry The Book of Henry is a 2017 American drama film directed by Colin Trevorrow and written by Gregg Hurwitz. The film stars Naomi Watts, Jaeden Lieberher, Jacob Tremblay, Sarah Silverman, Lee Pace, Maddie Ziegler, and Dean Norris. The story concerns a plan hatched by a young genius to save the girl next door from abuse. The film premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 14, 2017. It was released in theaters by Focus Features on June 16, 2017, and received generally negative reviews from critics, mostly focused on the film's plot twists and", "title": "The Book of Henry" }, { "id": "18435557", "text": "May 12, 2016, \"Bordertown\" and \"Cooper Barrett's Guide to Surviving Life\" were both cancelled after one season. On September 25, 2016, \"Son of Zorn\" premiered at 8:30pm. On March 5, 2017, \"Making History\" premiered and replaced \"Son of Zorn\". On May 11, 2017, both series were cancelled after one season. On October 1, 2017, \"Ghosted\" premiered. On May 10, 2018, \"The Last Man on Earth\" was cancelled. The following day, \"Brooklyn Nine-Nine\" was picked up by NBC. On September 9, Rel premiered as a sneak preview. (R) = The show or episode repeats on Sunday nights. Sunday Funday (block) Sunday", "title": "Sunday Funday (block)" }, { "id": "20904724", "text": "portraying the characters. Additionally, Kaitlyn Dever, who plays Eve Baxter, was reduced to recurring status due to other commitments. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Last Man Standing (season 7) The seventh season of the American television comedy series \"Last Man Standing\" premiered on Fox on September 28, 2018. The season is produced by 21 Laps-Adelstein Productions. \"Last Man Standing\" previously aired on ABC before being cancelled after six seasons in May 2017. However, Fox picked up the series for a seventh season a year later in May 2018. This season saw changes to the series' main cast. Molly Ephraim and Flynn Morrison, who", "title": "Last Man Standing (season 7)" }, { "id": "20528815", "text": "same day, including other honors coming from award winners such as Millie Bobby Brown, Camila Cabello, Liza Koshy, and Zendaya. A new episode of \"Henry Danger\" premiered before the ceremony. Afterwards, a new episode of \"Knight Squad\" was shown. Nominations were announced on February 26, 2018. Unlike past years where the voting periods for all categories opened all at once, one genre opened up to voting per week, along with several show-only category voting windows. Winners are listed first and in boldface. For the movie categories, voting was opened on February 26, with voting on music categories opened on March", "title": "2018 Kids' Choice Awards" }, { "id": "16395340", "text": "fourth prime-time series followed in January 2017, containing six episodes. These were broadcast weekly from 4 January to 8 February 2017, airing at 8:00pm on Wednesdays. The sixth series aired daily (on weekdays) from 3 to 14 April 2017, again at 11:00am. Again, each episode was repeated the next morning at 6:30am on BBC Two. The fifth prime-time series followed in July 2017, containing just three episodes. These were broadcast from 13 July to 23 August, again at 8:00pm on Wednesdays. The third series of half-hour reversions, containing highlights from the sixth series, aired daily (on weekdays) from 20 November", "title": "The Sheriffs Are Coming" }, { "id": "19629088", "text": "and \"Henry Danger\". In 2017, she played Bethany in \"\" and Pam in \"Beauty Mark\". In October 2018, Iseman had one of the leads, Sarah Quinn, in the horror film \"\". Madison Iseman Madison Iseman (born February 14, 1997) is an American actress. She is known for her role on the CMT comedy television series \"Still the King\", where she played Charlotte, the daughter of Billy Ray Cyrus' character, Vernon Brownmule. She is also known for playing the role of Bethany Walker in \"\", and Sarah Quinn in \"\". Iseman is from Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. She is of Ashkenazi", "title": "Madison Iseman" }, { "id": "10409773", "text": "Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd", "title": "2007 Dallas Desperados season" }, { "id": "6993388", "text": "it will add a 2-hour prime time block on Sunday nights beginning in Fall 2018, returning the network to Sundays for the first time since the lease to Media Rights Capital ended in 2009, as well as expanding The CW's prime time slate from 10 hours to 12. Discussions with CBS and Warner Bros. about the expansion began as early as July 2017; both gave their approval on the move that December, with the network reaching clearance deals with key affiliate partners in early 2018. On June 12, 2018, AT&T received antitrust approval to acquire Warner Bros. parent Time Warner,", "title": "The CW" }, { "id": "20117724", "text": "The update made changes to Safari and WebKit to mitigate the effects of the Spectre attack. iOS 11.2.5 was released on January 23, 2018. The update fixed bugs, added support for the HomePod, and allows Siri to read news articles. This only works in the US, UK and Australia. iOS 11.2.6 was released on February 19, 2018. The update fixed a bug that caused applications to crash when processing a particular character in the Telugu script. iOS 11.3 was released on March 29, 2018. The update introduced a Battery Health feature which allows the user to disable performance throttling when", "title": "IOS 11" }, { "id": "10409721", "text": "Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: \"at the St. Pete Times Forum, Tampa, Florida The Destroyers entered the playoffs for the first time since their move to", "title": "2007 Columbus Destroyers season" }, { "id": "20391674", "text": "14, 2014, Underwood made her television debut on the CBS series \"Person of Interest (TV series)\" in the role of Queen Bee. Underwood went on to appear in several notable television series such as \"Code Black (TV series)\" CBS as Emily Campbell, Dr. Campbell's (Boris Kodjoe) daughter; \"Henry Danger\" Nickelodeon as Narlee; \"Walk the Prank\" Disney XD as Nice Nancy; \"Raven's Home\" Disney Channel as Shannon Reynolds; \"David S. Pumpkins\" (Tom Hanks) \"Halloween Special\" NBC for Saturday Night Live as Paige (voice) animated by Bento Box Entertainment; and \"Will Vs The Future\" Amazon Video as Athena, a time traveling, warrior", "title": "Lexi Underwood" }, { "id": "20924856", "text": "does not air network programming on Saturday nights. Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2018–19: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2018–19: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2018–19: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2018–19: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2018–19: 2019–20 United States network television schedule The 2019–20 network television schedule for the five major English-language commercial broadcast networks in the United States will cover the prime time hours from September 2019 to August 2020. The schedule is followed by a list per network of returning series, new series, and series canceled", "title": "2019–20 United States network television schedule" }, { "id": "20429631", "text": "Danger (Migos and Marshmello song) \"Danger\" is a song by American hip hop group Migos and electronic dance music producer and DJ Marshmello, taken from the soundtrack of the 2017 American urban fantasy action crime film, \"Bright\" (2017). It was written by Quavo, Offset, Takeoff, Marshmello and Paul Judge, with production handled by the latter two. The song was released on December 7, 2017. \"Danger\" debuted at 82 on the Billboard Hot 100. \"Danger\" is taken from the soundtrack of Will Smith movie, Bright, which debuted on Netflix Dec. 22. The track was teased in the trailer for \"Bright\" and", "title": "Danger (Migos and Marshmello song)" }, { "id": "18484856", "text": "Ella Anderson Ella Anderson (born March 26, 2005) is an American child actress who currently portrays Piper Hart on the Nickelodeon series \"Henry Danger\" and is known for playing the role of Rachel Rawlings in the comedy adventure movie \"The Boss\". Anderson has been acting since she was five years old. She played Hazel in Disney Channel's \"ANT Farm\" in 2011. She also appeared in one episode of \"Raising Hope\", as a little girl who gets a needle stuck in her hand. Anderson made further appearances on Disney shows in 2013, being in \"Dog with a Blog\" as Darcy Stewart", "title": "Ella Anderson" }, { "id": "20291364", "text": "series: New series: Not returning from 2017–18: 2018–19 United States network television schedule The 2018–19 network television schedule for the five major English-language commercial broadcast networks in the United States covers the prime time hours from September 2018 to August 2019. The schedule is followed by a list per network of returning series, new series, and series canceled after the 2017–18 season. NBC was the first to announce its fall schedule on May 13, 2018, followed by Fox on May 14, ABC on May 15, CBS on May 16, and The CW on May 17, 2018. On May 29, 2018,", "title": "2018–19 United States network television schedule" }, { "id": "16347571", "text": "aired. In a similar manner, a 12-episode fourth season was announced before the airing of the third season on 27 February 2015. It began airing from 10 May 2016. Cormack confirmed a fifth season had been commissioned on 19 July. The twelve-part series premiered on 4 April 2017. On 9 May 2017, Showcase announced that the series has been renewed for a sixth season, which premiered on 19 June 2018. A seventh season was commissioned in April 2018, before the sixth-season premiere, with filming commencing the following week and a premiere set for 2019. On 5 December 2018, it was", "title": "Wentworth (TV series)" }, { "id": "8359765", "text": "version of the musical previewed Off-Broadway on March 23, 2017 at the Lucille Lortel Theatre. It officially opened on April 4, 2017, and ran until May 6 of the same year. On June 20, a cast recording was released on the Broadway Records label. In August 2017, it was announced that the two-hour long production would be going on a national tour beginning in the fall of 2018. \"The Lightning Thief\" is followed by \"The Sea of Monsters\" in which Percy and Annabeth rescue Grover who has been imprisoned by Polyphemus, the Cyclopes, and recover the Golden Fleece to save", "title": "The Lightning Thief" }, { "id": "18484857", "text": "and \"Liv and Maddie\" as Jenny Peeke. In 2014, she played Mitzy in Nickelodeon's \"A Fairly Odd Summer\". She also began to portray Piper Hart, Henry's little sister in \"Henry Danger\", and appeared in the film \"Unfinished Business\". She portrayed Rachel Rawlings in \"The Boss\" and Vicky in \"Mother's Day\", both in 2016. Ella Anderson Ella Anderson (born March 26, 2005) is an American child actress who currently portrays Piper Hart on the Nickelodeon series \"Henry Danger\" and is known for playing the role of Rachel Rawlings in the comedy adventure movie \"The Boss\". Anderson has been acting since she", "title": "Ella Anderson" }, { "id": "19016610", "text": "rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research. Note: ABC aired \"Dancing with the Stars\" on Tuesday from September 20 to October 4. Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2015–16: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2015–16: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2015–16: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2015–16: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2015–16: 2016–17 United States network television schedule The 2016–17 network television schedule for the five major English-language commercial broadcast networks in the United States covers prime time hours from September 2016 to August 2017. The schedule is", "title": "2016–17 United States network television schedule" }, { "id": "20291363", "text": "as of October 7 (the network commenced its regular Sunday schedule the following week, on October 14); programming airs on that night from 8 p.m.–10 p.m. ET/PT, making it the only broadcast television network to not program the Sunday 7 p.m. ET/PT hour since that hour was given to the broadcast networks through the implementation of a 1975 amendment to the since-repealed Prime Time Access Rule (PTAR). Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2017–18: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2017–18: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2017–18: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2017–18: Returning", "title": "2018–19 United States network television schedule" }, { "id": "1614736", "text": "with the original Law & Order but stopped after the first episode. The first season later moved to Nine's sister channel Gem on Sunday nights as of February 25, 2018 at 9:10pm with double episodes before moving to single episodes, and later reairing them in the early hours of Monday morning. Gem is currently airing the second season. Season 19 premiered on Network Ten on October 5, 2017 at 9:40pm. As of September 2017, the show is rerun on fellow NBCUniversal network USA, as well as Ion Television, MyNetworkTV's Monday evening lineup, and local stations. The show also briefly ran", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "id": "19482298", "text": "The Big Bang Theory (season 11) The eleventh season of the American television sitcom \"The Big Bang Theory\" premiered on CBS on Monday, September 25, 2017. It returned to its regular Thursday time slot on November 2, 2017, after \"Thursday Night Football on CBS\" ended. The season concluded on May 10, 2018. In March 2017, CBS renewed the series for two additional seasons, bringing its total to twelve, and running through the 2018–19 television season. Like the previous three seasons, the first five episodes aired on Mondays due to CBS' contractual rights to air the \"Thursday Night Football\" games. After", "title": "The Big Bang Theory (season 11)" }, { "id": "1450944", "text": "Common year starting on Monday A common year starting on Monday is any non-leap year (i.e., a year with 365 days) that begins on Monday, 1 January, and ends on Monday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is G. The current year, 2018, is a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar. The last such year was 2007 and the next such year will be 2029, or likewise, 2013 and 2019 in the obsolete Julian calendar. The century year, 1900, was also a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar. See below for more. Any common", "title": "Common year starting on Monday" }, { "id": "19727212", "text": "Ben 10 (2016 TV series) Ben 10 (often referred to as Ben 10 reboot) is an American animated superhero action-comedy television series and a reboot of the Cartoon Network series of the same name. The series had its world premiere in Australia, New Zealand and Asia-Pacific on October 1, 2016, and premiered in the United States on April 10, 2017. On May 22, 2017, the series was renewed for a second season which premiered in February 2018. On March 8, 2018, the series was renewed for a third season. Building on the highly successful franchise about kid hero Ben Tennyson,", "title": "Ben 10 (2016 TV series)" }, { "id": "20574706", "text": "Riele Downs Riele Downs is a Canadian child actress. She is known for her role as Charlotte on the Nickelodeon television series \"Henry Danger\", and for her role as Faith Sullivan in the 2013 film \"The Best Man Holiday\". Downs started acting when she was 3 years old, and got her first role in the film \"Four Brothers\" playing the role of Amelia Mercer. She appeared in \"A Russell Peters Christmas Special\" in 2013. In 2014, she appeared in the television films \"Fir Crazy\" and \"The Gabby Douglas Story \". In 2014, Downs was cast in her first starring role,", "title": "Riele Downs" }, { "id": "18366418", "text": "was released in the United States on April 27, 2018, in IMAX and 3D. The film received praise for the performances of the cast (particularly Brolin's) and the emotional weight of the story, as well as the visual effects and action sequences. It was the fourth film and the first superhero film to gross over $2 billion worldwide, breaking numerous and becoming the highest-grossing film of 2018, as well as the fourth-highest-grossing film of all time and in the United States and Canada. The sequel, \"Avengers: Endgame\", is set to be released on April 26, 2019. Having acquired the Power", "title": "Avengers: Infinity War" }, { "id": "19514965", "text": "Insidious: The Last Key Insidious: The Last Key is a 2018 American supernatural horror film directed by Adam Robitel and written by Leigh Whannell. It is produced by Jason Blum, Oren Peli, and James Wan. It is the fourth installment in the \"Insidious\" franchise, and the second in the chronology of the story running through the series. Starring Lin Shaye, Angus Sampson, Leigh Whannell, Spencer Locke, Caitlin Gerard, and Bruce Davison, the film follows parapsychologist Elise Rainier as she investigates a haunting in her childhood home. The film was released in the United States on January 5, 2018, by Universal", "title": "Insidious: The Last Key" }, { "id": "20117715", "text": "IOS 11 iOS 11 is the eleventh major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc., being the successor to iOS 10. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 5, 2017, and released on September 19, 2017. It was succeeded by iOS 12 on September 17, 2018. Among iOS 11's changes: the lock screen and Notification Center were combined, allowing all notifications to be displayed directly on the lock screen. The various pages of the Control Center were unified, gaining custom settings and the ability to 3D Touch icons for more options. The", "title": "IOS 11" }, { "id": "19548122", "text": "CarPlay, the update added a quick-access multitasking screen with the three most recently used apps, and added functionality for the Maps app to find electric vehicle charging stations. iOS 10.3.1 was released on April 3, 2017, with bug fixes and security improvements, including a fix for a Wi-Fi vulnerability discovered by Google's Project Zero team of security researchers. iOS 10.3.2 was released on May 15, 2017, with bug fixes and security improvements. iOS 10.3.3 was released on July 19, 2017, with new wallpapers for the 12.9-inch iPad Pro, along with bug fixes and security improvements, including a fix for a", "title": "IOS 10" }, { "id": "7117064", "text": "Following the release of \"Conviction\", he began working on scripts for \"The Henry Lee Project\" (2003). This television series followed a veteran policeman turned private detective. The part of the policeman was played by notable actor Danny Glover. The most notable of his recent screenplays is \"30 Rock\" (2008), which has received national acclaim and many awards including Emmy awards for Outstanding Comedy Series in 2007, 2008, and 2009. The show was renewed by NBC for a sixth season in 2010. Tina Fey was the original project writer, and created the storyline to be based on her own life story.", "title": "Kevin Rodney Sullivan" }, { "id": "19861860", "text": "Central, Mountain, Alaska, and Hawaii-Aleutian times. From February 8 to February 25, 2018, NBC's coverage of the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea aired live in all time zones, encompassing all of primetime those days. The East Coast late night coverage after the late local news (around midnight ET/11 p.m. CT) at approximately 12:35 a.m. ET/11:35 p.m. CT was carried on the West Coast in primetime under the \"Prime Time Plus\" banner. Each of the 30 highest-rated shows is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research. Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2016–17:", "title": "2017–18 United States network television schedule" }, { "id": "16659559", "text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron Avengers: Age of Ultron is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2012's \"The Avengers\" and the eleventh film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film was written and directed by Joss Whedon and features an ensemble cast that includes Robert Downey Jr., Chris Hemsworth, Mark Ruffalo, Chris Evans, Scarlett Johansson, Jeremy Renner, Don Cheadle, Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Elizabeth Olsen, Paul Bettany, Cobie Smulders, Anthony Mackie, Hayley Atwell, Idris Elba, Stellan Skarsgård,", "title": "Avengers: Age of Ultron" }, { "id": "20802945", "text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow\" on November 28. The third season began airing on October 10, 2017 on The CW in the United States, and concluded on April 9, 2018. The season was made available for streaming on Netflix in late April 2018, soon after the season finale aired. It was released on Blu-Ray on September 25, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating with an average rating of 8.27/10 based on 13 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"DC's Legends of Tomorrow\" lightens up the tone in its third season while spotlighting adventurous plots and a distinct", "title": "Legends of Tomorrow (season 3)" }, { "id": "20117723", "text": "Bluetooth Control Center toggles. The App Store now allows the user to pre-order an app that's not yet available; once the app is available, the app is automatically downloaded. The TV app now includes a Sports section, and the update also included bug fixes for the calculator bug, the I.T autocorrect bug and the December 2 crash bug. iOS 11.2.1 was released on December 13, 2017. The update fixed remote access for HomeKit devices following a major security glitch, and also fixed camera autofocus for iPhone 8, 8 Plus and X devices. iOS 11.2.2 was released on January 8, 2018.", "title": "IOS 11" }, { "id": "19383176", "text": "of the series. The second season was ordered in March 2017 and released on March 30, 2018, consisting of ten episodes and adapting books five through nine. A third season, which was announced in April 2017 and is slated to be released on January 1, 2019, will consist of seven episodes and adapt the remaining four books. When a mysterious fire kills their parents, the Baudelaire children are informed of this terrible news by their executor Arthur Poe and are placed into the care of their distant relative Count Olaf, an actor who is determined to claim the family fortune", "title": "A Series of Unfortunate Events (TV series)" }, { "id": "20750158", "text": "released after the keynote presentation, with the first public beta releasing three weeks after on June 25, 2018. iOS 12.0.1 was released on October 8, 2018, as the first update to iOS 12. iOS 12.1 was released on October 30, 2018. The update included new emoji, a group FaceTime feature, updates to the Measure app, and the ability to use an eSIM on supported iPhones. iOS 12.1.1 was released on December 5, 2018. iOS 12.1.2 was released on December 17, 2018, and is an iPhone-only update; iPads and the 6th generation iPod touch continue to use iOS 12.1.1. Performance optimizations", "title": "IOS 12" }, { "id": "20117726", "text": "from the Messages app including customer support and Apple Pay. Support has been added for Advanced Mobile Location in supported countries. iOS 11.3.1 was released on April 24, 2018. This update improves security, and addresses an issue where touch input was unresponsive on some iPhone 8 devices serviced with non-genuine displays. iOS 11.4 was released on May 29, 2018. Messages can now be stored in iCloud. AirPlay 2 brings support for multi-room HomePod speakers and Apple TV. The HomePod Stereo Speaker Pair, now pairs any HomePod, syncing it, updating it to the latest version. You can now command Siri to", "title": "IOS 11" }, { "id": "18387715", "text": "those days. The 2016 Pro Football Hall of Fame Game was supposed to be carried on ESPN instead. However, the game was cancelled. The NHL aired on NBC Sunday June 12. Each of the 30 highest-rated shows is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research. Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2014–15: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2014–15: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2014–15: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2014–15: Returning series: New series: Not returning from 2014–15: 2015–16 United States network television schedule The 2015–16 network television", "title": "2015–16 United States network television schedule" }, { "id": "19955512", "text": "underwent a hiatus that lasted at least one year: 2018 in American television The following is a list of events affecting American television in 2018. Events listed include television show debuts, finales, and cancellations; channel launches, closures, and re-brandings; stations changing or adding their network affiliations; and information about controversies and carriage disputes. These shows premiered in 2018. The premiere dates may have changed depending on a variety of factors. These television films and specials are scheduled to premiere in 2018. The premiere dates may be changed depending on a variety of factors. The following shows will return with new", "title": "2018 in American television" }, { "id": "18702471", "text": "release schedule would offer fewer adult-oriented films that might compete against \"The Book of Henry\" for older viewers. The film premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 14, 2017. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $1.4 million from 579 theaters (an average of $2,460 per theater), finishing 13th at the box office, and making it \"by far the biggest start among the new Specialties\" opening that weekend. The film was featured at the July 2017 Ischia Film Festival, where Trevorrow was honored with the Breakout Director award for the film. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an", "title": "The Book of Henry" }, { "id": "10409720", "text": "participate in their first ever ArenaBowl XXI. Doug Kay started his second season as head coach of the Destroyers. Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring", "title": "2007 Columbus Destroyers season" }, { "id": "16878984", "text": "2017–18 NHL season The 2017–18 NHL season was the 101st season of operation (100th season of play) of the National Hockey League. With the addition of a new expansion team, the Vegas Golden Knights, 31 teams competed in an 82-game regular season. The regular season began on October 4, 2017, and ended on April 8, 2018. The 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs began on April 11, 2018, and concluded on June 7, with the Washington Capitals winning their first Stanley Cup in the Finals over the Vegas Golden Knights in five games. On June 22, 2016, the NHL confirmed that it", "title": "2017–18 NHL season" }, { "id": "1410605", "text": "2012\". macOS Sierra was announced on June 13, 2016, during the WWDC keynote speech. It was released publicly on September 20, 2016. macOS High Sierra was announced on June 5, 2017, during the WWDC keynote speech. It was released on September 25, 2017. The release includes many under-the-hood improvements, including a switch to Apple File System (APFS), the introduction of Metal 2, support for HEVC video, and improvements to VR support. In addition, numerous changes were made to standard applications including Photos, Safari, Notes, and Spotlight. macOS Mojave was announced on June 4, 2018, during the WWDC keynote speech. It", "title": "MacOS version history" }, { "id": "18145414", "text": "released to the public on October 24, and watchOS 3.2 was released near the end of March, 2017. Both updates added minor improvements and bug fixes. watchOS 4.0 was announced at WWDC 2017 on June 5, 2017, and released to the public on September 19. watchOS 4 features a proactive Siri watch face, personalized activity coaching, and an entirely redesigned music app. It also introduces GymKit, a technology platform to connect workouts with cardio equipment. watchOS 4.3 was released on 29 March 2018. It introduced support for Nightstand mode in portrait orientation. It brought back the ability for music playing", "title": "Apple Watch" }, { "id": "20057397", "text": "the prequel series began in November 2016, from an initial idea that Parsons passed along to \"The Big Bang Theory\" producers. The following March, Armitage and Perry were cast, and the series was ordered by CBS. The series premiered as a special preview on September 25, 2017, and two days later, CBS picked up the series for a full season of 22 episodes. On November 2, 2017, new episodes began airing weekly. In January 2018, CBS renewed the series for a second season which premiered on September 24, 2018. Set in 1989, the series follows Sheldon Cooper from age 9", "title": "Young Sheldon" } ]	when is the new henry danger coming on
[ "January 12, 2018" ]	[ { "id": "20420592", "text": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight Batman: Gotham by Gaslight is a 2018 American animated steampunk superhero alternate history action thriller film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and distributed by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment. It is the thirtieth film in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies series. It is directed and produced by Sam Liu and written by James Krieg, based on the one-shot graphic novel of the same name and upon its sequel, which was titled \"Master of the Future\". The film was released for a world premiere screening at the Newseum in Washington, D.C. during the \"DC in D.C.\" event", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420602", "text": "earned $795,848 from DVD sales and $2,673,303 from Blu-ray sales, bringing its total North American domestic home video earnings to $3,469,151. Batman: Gotham by Gaslight Batman: Gotham by Gaslight is a 2018 American animated steampunk superhero alternate history action thriller film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and distributed by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment. It is the thirtieth film in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies series. It is directed and produced by Sam Liu and written by James Krieg, based on the one-shot graphic novel of the same name and upon its sequel, which was titled \"Master of the Future\".", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420593", "text": "on January 12, 2018 and then for digital download on January 23, 2018 before coming out on DVD and Blu-ray on February 6. In Victorian era Gotham City, Bruce Wayne is operating as the bat-garbed vigilante, the Batman, who is feared by the guilty and the innocent alike. One night, Batman saves a wealthy couple from being robbed by three orphans (Dickie, Jason and Timmy) and defeats their abusive handler, Big Bill Dust. At the same time, Ivy, an orphan turned exotic dancer and prostitute, becomes the newest victim of the serial killer called Jack the Ripper, who preys on", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420600", "text": "allow himself to burn alive. Batman and Selina are saved by Alfred and the orphans, who are now Bruce Wayne’s wards. As they escape, they watch as the World's Fair burns down, and hope it will be replaced with something better. Julian Romano at MovieWeb gave the film a positive review, going so far as to say it \"ranks among the best of the DC Animated Universe\". He says the film surpasses \"\", doing a better job of adapting the source material, praising screenwriter Jim Krieg and director Sam Liu, for their intelligent approach. He notes the R rating, and", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20269266", "text": "stars as Gordon, alongside Donal Logue, David Mazouz, Morena Baccarin, Sean Pertwee, Robin Lord Taylor, Erin Richards, Camren Bicondova, Cory Michael Smith, Jessica Lucas, Chris Chalk, Drew Powell, Crystal Reed and Alexander Siddig. The fourth season premiered on September 21, 2017, on Fox, while the second half premiered on March 1, 2018. The season concluded on May 17, 2018. The season received positive reviews from critics and audiences, who cited the character development, writing and action sequences as highlights of the season, with some calling it the best season yet. The premiere was watched by 3.21 million viewers with a", "title": "Gotham (season 4)" }, { "id": "5642228", "text": "which retroactively became the first official Elseworlds publication, was initially released as a 52-page one-shot in February 1989. It was written by Brian Augustyn and pencilled by Mike Mignola, with inks by P. Craig Russell. Two years later, the 68-page sequel \"Batman: Master of the Future\" — also written by Augustyn, but with art by Eduardo Barreto — was released, this time officially labelled an Elseworlds publication. In 2006, in the wake of the DC event \"Infinite Crisis\" (which reshuffled the DC Multiverse), the \"Gotham by Gaslight\" world was identified as \"Earth-19\". Prior to its appearance in \"Countdown Presents: The", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420601", "text": "acknowledges that although the film is not suitable for younger audiences and features violence and coarse language it is not gratuitous. Will Romine at Bleeding Cool gave the film 9/10. Joshua Yehl at IGN gave the film 6.5/10. Kayti Burt at Den of Geek gave the film 2.5/5, praising the voice cast, and describing it as \"an R-rated whodunnit horror with a twist...\" and that \"[i]t's not as clever as it thinks it is, but it's clever enough.\" At review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 88%, based on reviews from 8 critics. The film", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "5642217", "text": "Gotham by Gaslight Gotham by Gaslight is a DC Comics one-shot by Brian Augustyn and Mike Mignola, with inks by P. Craig Russell. The story revolves around a 19th century version of Bruce Wayne making his debut as Batman just as Jack the Ripper has arrived in Gotham City. Although it was not initially labeled as such, \"Gotham by Gaslight\" is considered to be the first Elseworlds story in which DC Comics characters from alternate timelines or realities are featured in stories outside of the DC Universe canon. While not originally labelled as such, subsequent printings of \"Gotham by Gaslight\"", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "17570283", "text": "on September 28. In the United Kingdom, it premiered on Channel 5 on October 13. The channel also screen the second season but after failing to screen the third season it was announced in August 2017 that the season would premiere exclusively on DVD and Blu-ray and be on Netflix from September 1. In Ireland, it premiered on RTÉ2 on January 26, 2015. In March 2018, it was announced that E4 had acquired the rights to air the fourth season on UK television. In September 2014, Warner Bros. sold the series' worldwide video on demand rights to Netflix. In early", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "20154732", "text": "Light the Wick \"Light the Wick\" is the eighteenth episode of the third season, and 62nd episode overall from the Fox series \"Gotham\". The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by Tze Chun and directed by Mark Tonderai. It was first broadcast on May 15, 2017. In the episode, Gordon discovers more about the impending judgment planned for Gotham City by the Court of Owls. He learns they possess the Tetch virus and plan on unleashing a weaponized version of it over Gotham. Meanwhile, Lee finds", "title": "Light the Wick" }, { "id": "20296891", "text": "on September 19, 2016 and concluded on June 5, 2017 with a two-hour season finale. The season had two breaks between episodes, with a continuous run between them. The first 11 episodes aired from September 19 to November 28, 2016; three episodes aired from January 16 to January 30, 2017; and the final 8 episodes aired from April 24 to June 5, 2017. In July 2016, the cast and crew attended San Diego Comic-Con to discuss and promote the season and showing the debut trailer for the season. On Rotten Tomatoes, the season has a score of 89% based on", "title": "Gotham (season 3)" }, { "id": "17570268", "text": "Gotham (TV series) Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller, based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise, primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. Heller and Danny Cannon, who directed the pilot, are executive producers. The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon, and premiered on Fox on September 22, 2014. In May 2018, Fox renewed the series for a fifth and final season of 12 episodes, which is set to premiere on January 3, 2019. Originally the series would have relied only on Gordon's early days", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "5642222", "text": "Martha Wayne's rejection of his advances. Since then he had been killing women who resembled Martha to silence the laughter of Martha he heard in his head. Packer reveals that he hired an assassin to kill Bruce's parents. Gordon appears at this time with the police and Batman tells them to arrest Packer. Packer confesses that he is the Ripper and tries to kill Batman, but Gordon shoots Packer dead at the last minute. Batman disappears into the shadows, leaving Gordon to take in the body of Jack the Ripper. In 1892, three years later, Bruce has \"retired\" his alter-ego", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420597", "text": "seeing Batman is Bruce, she takes him to her home, where they spend the night. After the death of Marlene is discovered, Bruce is arrested, and Dent accuses him of being the Ripper. Sentenced to Blackgate Penitentiary following the trial, Bruce is met by Selina, who urges him to reveal he is Batman to clear his name and help save the girls from Jack. When he refuses, she decides to tell Gordon herself, revealing she has one of his batarangs. Bribing a guard to deliver a coded message to his manor, Bruce escapes after staging a prison fight and meets", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420598", "text": "with the orphans, who deliver him his suit and a steampunk motorcycle. Selina meets with Gordon at the Gotham City World's Fair and learns to her horror that he is the Ripper. While seeking Selina at Gordon's home, Batman learns this as well when he finds a secret room revealing Gordon's gruesome hobbies and past as an army surgeon during the American Civil War. Batman also meets Gordon's wife, Barbara-Eileen Gordon, with scars on the left side of her face that have driven her insane, praising her husband for “curing” her sins as a woman. Gordon injects Selina with a", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "17570280", "text": "have masterfully honored the mythology of \"Gotham\" and brought it to life with depth, emotion and memorable high drama.\" In May 2017, Fox renewed the series for a fourth season, which premiered on September 21, 2017. On May 13, 2018, Fox renewed the series for a fifth and final season originally consisting of 10 episodes then later increased to 12. The season began production in July that year, and is set to premiere on January 3, 2019. In January 2014, rumors arose that Donal Logue would portray Gordon in the series. Logue denied these rumors via Twitter. Logue was eventually", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "5642227", "text": "favor of the fair. LeRoi agreed to target Claypool's properties, allowing Claypool to collect a lucrative insurance payout, but Claypool never intended the deaths LeRoi's actions caused, and so does not resist when Gordon arrives to arrest him. Bruce and Julie are walking along a hilltop overlooking the city, when she reveals that she recognized him at the fair, even through his mask. Apprehensively, he asks her what she plans to do, and she replies, what she has always done: continue to love and encourage him, especially now that they both agree that Gotham still needs Batman. \"Gotham by Gaslight\",", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "6870365", "text": "series, including: \"Training Day\" (2017), \"Gotham\" (2014), \"The Tomorrow People\" (2013), \"Nikita\" (2010), \"Dark Blue\" (2009), \"The Forgotten\" (2009), and \"Eleventh Hour\" (2008). Feature film directorial credits include \"Geostorm\" (2017), \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\" (1998), \"Judge Dredd\" (1995), and \"The Young Americans\" (1993). Cannon is currently the executive producer (and a writer/director) of FOX's superhero series \"Gotham\" (2014-2019), which won the Critics Choice Award for Most Exciting New Series in 2014. Following the show's season five series finale in Spring 2019, Cannon will executive produce a 10-episode, straight-to-series Batman prequel for Epix, titled Pennyworth, and will", "title": "Danny Cannon" }, { "id": "5642232", "text": "continuing search. Their search would take them to worlds populated by characters from other Elseworlds stories, including those seen in the Batman & Dracula trilogy (Earth-43) and \"\" (Earth-30). Other Elseworlds that involve Jack the Ripper: Gotham by Gaslight Gotham by Gaslight is a DC Comics one-shot by Brian Augustyn and Mike Mignola, with inks by P. Craig Russell. The story revolves around a 19th century version of Bruce Wayne making his debut as Batman just as Jack the Ripper has arrived in Gotham City. Although it was not initially labeled as such, \"Gotham by Gaslight\" is considered to be", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "5642230", "text": "executed it so perfectly.\" \"Gotham by Gaslight\" was not the highest-ranking Elseworlds story on the list, as \"Batman & Dracula: Red Rain\" ranked higher at #9. After the events of \"Identity Crisis\", the Atom spent DC's missing year out of the limelight. In the weekly-sequel to the weekly event \"52\", \"Countdown\", the Source Wall names Palmer as a key figure in impending DC Universe events. The search for Ray Palmer began in the Wildstorm Universe, and soon crossed onto the new 52 worlds created during the course of \"Infinite Crisis\". The first of these was called \"Countdown Presents: The Search", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "52768", "text": "and with R.E.M.'s song \"Revolution\". R&B singer R. Kelly also wrote \"Gotham City\" for the soundtrack, which became the other song featured in the end credits, as well as one of the singles, reaching the top 10 in the United States and in the UK. Eric Benét and Meshell Ndegeocello also contributed R&B songs. Also included was the top 5 second single, \"Look into My Eyes\" by the hip hop group Bone Thugs-n-Harmony. Other songs featured included electronic dance elements, including those by Moloko and Arkarna. The soundtrack was released on May 27, 1997, a month before the film. The", "title": "Batman & Robin (film)" }, { "id": "20296872", "text": "D'Agosto as Harvey Dent. New additions to the cast include Benedict Samuel as Jervis Tetch; and Maggie Geha as a grown Ivy Pepper, recasting the role portrayed by Clare Foley in previous seasons. The season was broadcast over 3 consecutive runs: the first 11 episodes aired from September to November 2016; the next 3 aired in January 2017; and the other 8 episodes aired from April to June 2017. Like the previous season, the season also holds two subtitles. The first 14 episodes are subtitled \"Mad City\" while the other 8 episodes are subtitled \"Heroes Rise\". The season premiered on", "title": "Gotham (season 3)" }, { "id": "5642229", "text": "Search for Ray Palmer: Gotham by Gaslight\" (January 2008), the two one-shot issues were collected into one 112-page trade paperback volume (which was released under the same name, and with the same Mignola cover as the one-shot release). The two stories have been collected into a trade paperback. IGN Comics ranked \"Gotham by Gaslight\" #11 on a list of the 25 greatest Batman graphic novels, saying that the comic is \"as taut and well-conceived a graphic novel as you can find — Elseworlds or otherwise,\" they add, \"quite simply, no other Elseworlds tale has managed such a brilliant concept nor", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "5642225", "text": "focuses a giant burning glass on the fair's main pavilion, before LeRoi throws Tolliver over the side to his death. Bruce is desperate to act, when Alfred arrives with his costume. With the police fully occupied, Julie runs into the burning pavilion to rescue a small girl, but both of them are trapped by falling debris. Batman saves them, then fashions an improvised glider and takes off after LeRoi's airship. The two men engage in a brutal rapier duel that disables LeRoi's robotic pilot \"Antonio\", causing the airship to drift off course and become unstable. Noticing this, Batman urges LeRoi", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420594", "text": "Gotham’s poor and destitute women. Citizens of Gotham believe the Batman and Jack to be the same man. Stage actress Selina Kyle, a protector of the women from \"Skinner's End\", berates Gotham Police Commissioner James Gordon and Chief of Police Harvey \"Bulldog\" Bullock for their failure to stop the Ripper murders. Later that night, Selina acts as bait for the Ripper. It works, but the Ripper gets the upper hand during their fight until the arrival of Batman. After escaping, Batman asks Gordon to help him bring the Ripper down. At the Monarch Theatre with his friend Harvey Dent, Bruce", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "2194667", "text": "Pertwee was cast in Fox's TV series \"Gotham\", a series presenting an origin for the characters of the Batman franchise. Pertwee portrays Alfred Pennyworth, a tough-as-nails ex-special forces from east London who works as the Wayne family's loyal butler. After Thomas and Martha Wayne are murdered, he becomes guardian and mentor to their young son Bruce – the boy who will one day become Batman. Pertwee is the brother of actress Dariel Pertwee, son of actor Jon Pertwee (of Doctor Who fame), grandson of actor and screenwriter Roland Pertwee, and is more distantly related to actor Bill Pertwee. He married", "title": "Sean Pertwee" }, { "id": "17899730", "text": "Batman: Arkham Knight Batman: Arkham Knight is a 2015 action-adventure video game developed by Rocksteady Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. Based on the DC Comics superhero Batman, it is the successor to the 2013 video game \"\", and the fourth main installment in the \"\" series. Written by Sefton Hill, Ian Ball and Martin Lancaster, \"Arkham Knight\" is inspired by the long-running comic book mythos. Set one year after the events of 2011's \"\", the game's main storyline follows Batman as he confronts Scarecrow, who has launched an attack on Gotham City, causing a citywide evacuation. Scarecrow,", "title": "Batman: Arkham Knight" }, { "id": "5642226", "text": "to surrender and abandon ship, but LeRoi refuses to believe him. Batman jumps overboard, but LeRoi is trapped as the airship crashes into the ocean and explodes. More than a hundred people are killed by LeRoi's fires, but further fatalities and destruction are prevented by the Gotham Police and firefighters. Batman confronts Councilman Franklin Claypool, who confesses to being LeRoi's accomplice and providing him with information for his attack. Claypool secretly owns a large portion of Gotham City's slum housing, which he expected to sell profitably through his proposed redevelopment program, but the program was pushed aside by Tolliver in", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20420596", "text": "meet with Batman. Bruce also is met by Marlene, a drunken old woman who claims she saw him sneaking around when Sister Leslie was killed. Bruce's butler Alfred stops the three orphans from pick-pocketing him and offers to provide them work. At Arkham Asylum, the Ripper attacks Strange and throws him to his own patients, who tear him apart. Batman chases the Ripper on top of an airship in a fight that leaves Batman wounded as the airship explodes and the Ripper escapes. Batman is chased by police, only to be saved by Selina when he is nearly cornered. After", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "40454", "text": "In 2014, the live-action TV series \"Gotham\" premiered on the Fox network, featuring David Mazouz as a 12-year-old Bruce Wayne. In 2018, when the series was renewed for its fifth and final season it was announced that Batman would make an appearance in the show's series finale. For the season 1 finale of \"Titans\", Alain Moussi portrays Batman as a stunt double. To commemorate the 75th anniversary of the character, Warner Bros aired the television short film, \"\", that was also posted on DC's YouTube channel. In 1989, Warner Bros. released the live-action feature film \"Batman\"; directed by Tim Burton", "title": "Batman" }, { "id": "20420599", "text": "drug, but she manages to use her blood and the Fair's searchlight to give Batman a signal. Batman arrives and fights Gordon into a Ferris wheel, where Gordon, driven mentally insane by his time in the Civil War, reveals his \"holy work\" is to rid Gotham from what he sees as filth - from the poor to the criminals, but also immigrants, the illiterate, prostitutes, and anarchists. The Ferris wheel lights on fire and begins to collapse. Selina escapes the burning wheel, while Batman defeats Gordon by using a handcuff trick taught to him by Houdini, only to watch Gordon", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "17570290", "text": "of a five-part motion comic titled \"Gotham Stories\", meant to tie into the series' second season. On January 31, 2017, the first \"Gotham\" tie-in novel was published by Titan. \"Dawn of Darkness\" by Jason Starr is described as an \"official prequel\" to the TV series, set two months prior to the beginning of the series. Gotham (TV series) Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller, based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise, primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. Heller and Danny Cannon, who directed the pilot, are", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "20651607", "text": "Martin's back injury, the majority of his scenes were shot depicting Joe seated. In May 2018, \"Arrow\" star Stephen Amell announced at The CW upfronts that the next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover \"Elseworlds\" is slated to launch a 2019 solo series for the character. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 9, 2018. The annual crossover episode will swap time-slots with \"Supergirl\" for that week and will air on Sunday, December 9. The main cast of the season as well as executive producer Todd Helbing attended San Diego Comic-Con", "title": "The Flash (season 5)" }, { "id": "17570282", "text": "Wayne while Camren Bicondova was cast as Selina Kyle.<ref name=\"Mazouz/Bicondova\"></ref> At the 2014 Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo, DC's Jim Cunningham said that Renee Montoya would be a character on the show. In July 2014, it was announced that Graeme Revell would be the composer for the series. The pilot was screened at the Warner Bros. Television and DC Entertainment panel at San Diego Comic-Con International in July 2014. The series premiered on Nine Network in Australia on October 12. In Canada, it is shown in simulcast on CTV and reran on M3. In New Zealand, it premiered on TV2", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "5642218", "text": "have incorporated the Elseworlds logo. It spawned one sequel, Batman: Master of the Future (1991), also written by Augustyn, with art by Eduardo Barreto. In 1889, Bruce Wayne is on a tour of Europe which ends in Vienna. There he is studying under Dr. Freud. Bruce tells Freud that he has a recurring dream in which he recalls the murder of his parents and decides he must return to Gotham City. On the return trip, Bruce meets Jacob Packer, an old family friend whom he calls Uncle Jake, who also returned from a trip to Europe. Shortly after arriving, Inspector", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "20117272", "text": "Batman and Harley Quinn Batman and Harley Quinn is a 2017 American animated superhero film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and distributed by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment. It is the twenty-ninth film in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies series, and is directed by Sam Liu and written by Jim Krieg and Bruce Timm, who has also worked on \"\". It has been stated by Timm that he considers the film a spiritual successor to \"\". It premiered on July 21, 2017 at San Diego Comic-Con International and was released into participating theaters for one night only on August 14,", "title": "Batman and Harley Quinn" }, { "id": "889257", "text": "a number of Hollywood blockbusters – \"There is a Light\" appears on the 1995 soundtrack for Batman Forever, and \"Red Right Hand\" appeared in a number of films including \"The X-Files\", \"Dumb & Dumber\"; \"Scream\", its sequels \"Scream 2\" and \"3\", and \"Hellboy\" (performed by Pete Yorn). In \"Scream 3\", the song was given a reworking with Cave writing new lyrics and adding an orchestra to the arrangement of the track. \"People Ain't No Good\" was featured in the animated movie \"Shrek 2\" and the song \"O Children\" was featured in the 2010 movie of \"Harry Potter and the Deathly", "title": "Nick Cave" }, { "id": "17570279", "text": "franchise, just backing it up [in chronology].\" He later added that the series is separate from any DC film universe. As part of a settlement with his heirs, \"Gotham\" and \"\" were the first productions by DC that credited Bill Finger as co-creator of Batman. On January 17, 2015, the series was renewed for a second season. The show was officially renewed by Fox for a 22-episode third season on March 16, 2016. David Madden, Fox's Entertainment President stated, \"It takes a very special team to tell the tales of \"Gotham\". For the past two seasons, Bruno, Danny and John", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "5642221", "text": "the skill of a surgeon and used a knife that belonged to the medical group who worked with his father. Bruce escapes from prison with the help of Alfred and heads straight for the Ripper. Batman interrupts the Ripper as he is about to claim his next victim. Batman chases the Ripper throughout Gotham and the two eventually come to a stop at the grave of Thomas and Martha Wayne, where it is revealed that Jacob Packer is the Ripper. Packer had been trained in medicine and law with the money of Thomas Wayne, but he was driven insane by", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "14100980", "text": "in Australia and October 21 in Europe. Australian retailers EB Games and Game broke the official release date two days early, selling the game on October 17. The Windows version had been scheduled for simultaneous release with other versions, but in September 2011, its release was pushed back to November 18 without explanation. Alongside its PC launch, the game was also released digitally on the OnLive, Origin, and Steam platforms. A Game of the Year edition was released on May 29, 2012, in the United States and Canada, and on September 7, 2012, in Europe, Australia, and other territories on", "title": "Batman: Arkham City" }, { "id": "13375291", "text": "Gotham City Sirens Gotham City Sirens is an American comic book series that was written by Paul Dini with art by Guillem March and published by DC Comics. The term \"Gotham City Sirens\" refers to three of the most popular female villains that inhabit Gotham City, which are Catwoman, Harley Quinn, and Poison Ivy. The first issue of the series was released in June 2009, as a part of the \"\" relaunch of DC's entire line of comic book titles featuring the superhero Batman. Shortly after the events of the \"Heart of Hush\", \"Batman R.I.P.\", \"Final Crisis\", and \"Battle for", "title": "Gotham City Sirens" }, { "id": "20420595", "text": "meets Selina and the two bond at the Dionysus Club. Bruce realizes that not only were the two of them taken in by Sister Leslie, but that some of the murdered girls were orphans formerly under Leslie's care. Bruce realizes that the Ripper will target Leslie and rushes to save her, but is too late; the Ripper has already murdered her. At the crime scene, Bruce finds a bloody Dionysus Club pin, meaning the Ripper has to be one of Gotham's wealthy. At Sister Leslie's funeral, Bruce is met by Hugo Strange, claiming he knows the killer and wants to", "title": "Batman: Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "5642231", "text": "for Ray Palmer: Gotham by Gaslight\" (January 2008) and was written by \"Gotham by Gaslight\"'s original author, Brian Augustyn, relishing his chance to return to the world he had created. The story saw Bob the Monitor accompany Jason Todd, Donna Troy, and Kyle Rayner (the latter three inhabitants of \"New Earth\") through the multiverse in search of multiuniversal counterparts to Ray Palmer. The group arrived on Earth-19, the Earth where the Batman of the earlier two \"Elseworlds\" storylines acted, there, they also encountered this Earth's counterpart of Blue Beetle and Man-Bat before they went to the next Earth for their", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "17570278", "text": "we're starting with that one. That show is going to have a very strong, serialized element.\" On October 13, Fox ordered an additional six episodes for the show, bringing the first season order to a full 22 episodes. In February 2014, it was reported that production would begin in New York City in March. Filming for the first season finished on March 24, 2015. Speaking of the project at the 2014 winter TCA press tour, Reilly described the series as \"this operatic soap that has a slightly larger-than-life quality. This is not some adjunct companion series. This is the Batman", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "11265270", "text": "Batman: Gotham Knight It is the third in the line of DC Universe Animated Original Movies released by Warner Premiere and Warner Bros. Animation; with the first two releases being \"\" and \"\". It is rated PG-13 by the MPAA for \"stylized violence, including some bloody images\". \"Batman: Gotham Knight\" is the second animated Batman film to be rated PG-13 (the first being the uncut version of \"\"). This film is notable for being the first DC Original Animated movie to have a connection with another Batman medium. While \"\" and \"\" have been released in the United Kingdom with", "title": "Batman: Gotham Knight" }, { "id": "11265296", "text": "reward for signing up to WB Play via the in-game menu. It's description in the game itself reads \"Field-Tested\". Batman: Gotham Knight It is the third in the line of DC Universe Animated Original Movies released by Warner Premiere and Warner Bros. Animation; with the first two releases being \"\" and \"\". It is rated PG-13 by the MPAA for \"stylized violence, including some bloody images\". \"Batman: Gotham Knight\" is the second animated Batman film to be rated PG-13 (the first being the uncut version of \"\"). This film is notable for being the first DC Original Animated movie to", "title": "Batman: Gotham Knight" }, { "id": "20601106", "text": "include Alan Tudyk as Joker, Ron Funches, J. B. Smoove, Jason Alexander, Wanda Sykes, Giancarlo Esposito, Natalie Morales, Jim Rash, Diedrich Bader as Batman (reprising his role from \"\"), Tony Hale, and Christopher Meloni as James Gordon. Shortly after, Rahul Kohli revealed he would voice Scarecrow in the series. \"Harley Quinn\" has tentatively been scheduled by DC Universe to be released from mid-October 2019 through early 2020. On October 3, 2018, ahead of the annual New York Comic Con, a teaser trailer featuring Harley Quinn, Poison Ivy, and Batman was released. Harley Quinn (TV series) Harley Quinn is an upcoming", "title": "Harley Quinn (TV series)" }, { "id": "12496037", "text": "Gotham City (song) \"Gotham City\" is a song by R&B singer R. Kelly based on the fictional city of the same name. It was featured on the soundtrack to the film, \"Batman & Robin\", and reached number nine on both the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. The music video for the song was directed by Hype Williams. A remix version for the song was released featuring rapper Strings with a video also directed by Williams. The music video is directed by Hype Williams. Kelly is seen driving his motorcycle around New York City in the video,", "title": "Gotham City (song)" }, { "id": "19211966", "text": "reviews. Telltale announced during the July 2017 San Diego Comic Con that a second 5-episode season called \"Batman: The Enemy Within\" would launch on August 8, 2017, for PC, consoles, and mobile devices. The season focuses on Batman facing \"John Doe\", who has joined a criminal organization called \"The Pact\" consisting of supervillains such as Riddler, Harley Quinn, Bane, and Mr. Freeze as Bruce Wayne/Batman must work with both the Gotham City Police Department and the \"Agency\" led by Amanda Waller. While this will be a standalone title and does not require the first game, players' choices in the first", "title": "Batman: The Telltale Series" }, { "id": "18795413", "text": "of Justice\". Initial filming occurred on October 19, 2013, at East Los Angeles College, before full principal photography began on May 21, 2014, in Detroit. Production also took place in Illinois, New Mexico, Africa and the South Pacific. After another date change, the film was released in North America on March 25, 2016. The film is set 18 months after the events of \"Man of Steel\". \"Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice\" introduced Ezra Miller as Barry Allen / The Flash, Jason Momoa as Arthur Curry / Aquaman, Ray Fisher as Victor Stone / Cyborg, and Joe Morton as Dr.", "title": "DC Extended Universe" }, { "id": "20481324", "text": "Pieces of a Broken Mirror \"Pieces of a Broken Mirror\" is the twelfth episode and midseason premiere of the fourth season and 78th episode overall from the Fox series \"Gotham\". The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by executive producer Danny Cannon and directed by Hanelle M. Culpepper. It was first broadcast on March 1, 2018. In the episode, Gordon has been on a rough time after the events of the past episode. He investigates Lee's attempted assassination by a man who employed a toy plane", "title": "Pieces of a Broken Mirror" }, { "id": "5966261", "text": "the United Kingdom on March 25 in 3D. It opened simultaneously in North America, China and Japan, the world's three largest film markets, as well as additional international territories, with the exception of Poland, where theaters do not open on Good Friday. The film debuted simultaneously across 30,000 screens in nearly every major foreign territory across 61 markets, including China, with domestic open across roughly 4,242 locations of which 3,500 theaters (85%) were in 3D, 390 IMAX screens, 470 PLF locations, 150 D-Box theaters and ten 70 mm prints. The film grossed $166million in the USA & Canada in its", "title": "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice" }, { "id": "18931219", "text": "Co. LTD in Japan. Warner Home Video hosted the world premiere of \"The Killing Joke\" during the 2016 San Diego Comic-Con on July 22, 2016. The film was released digitally on July 26, 2016, while the deluxe edition and combo pack Blu-ray of the film was released on August 2, 2016. On June 8, 2016, Fathom Events and Vue cinemas announced they would release the film in select theaters for one night only on July 25, 2016 throughout the US and the UK. On July 18, 2016, Fathom Events announced that the film would receive an additional two showings on", "title": "Batman: The Killing Joke (film)" }, { "id": "20441378", "text": "Things That Go Boom \"Things That Go Boom\" is the tenth episode of the fourth season and 76th episode overall from the Fox series \"Gotham\". The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by co-executive producers Steven Lilien & Bryan Wynbrandt on his writing debut and directed by Louis Shaw Milito. It was first broadcast on November 30, 2017. In the episode, Sofia and Cobblepot's war tension begins to increase when both sides start attacking violently. Gordon decides to do something before the city falls due to", "title": "Things That Go Boom" }, { "id": "7972776", "text": "April 2014. The second run of \"Batman Eternal\", retitled as \"Batman & Robin Eternal\" launched on October 7, 2015. In 2016, Snyder and artist John Romita Jr. collaborated on the \"All-Star Batman\" series as part of the DC Rebirth relaunch. Snyder and Capullo launched the \"Dark Nights: Metal\" limited series in August 2017. Snyder and artist Andy Kubert created the \"New Challengers\", part of \"The New Age of DC Heroes\" line. Snyder and Rafael Albuquerque crafted \"The Fifth Season\" chapter in \"Action Comics\" #1000 (June 2018). He co-wrote \"Justice League: No Justice\" with Joshua Williamson and James Tynion IV, with", "title": "Scott Snyder" }, { "id": "5642224", "text": "interrupted by the flamboyant Alexandre LeRoi, who demands that he be proclaimed master of the city, or else he will burn it to the ground. He leaps out the window before he can be arrested, and Tolliver insists that the fair proceed. While the fairgrounds are being erected, a Maxim Gun on an automated carriage rolls in and opens fire. Bruce, in attendance, pushes Tolliver out of the line of fire and disables the machine. On the opening day of the fair, LeRoi kidnaps Tolliver from his mansion and takes him aboard an airship, forcing him to watch as LeRoi", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "5642219", "text": "Gordon informs Wayne about criminal gangs currently operating in Gotham. Gordon also shows Bruce the case of a man who poisoned his wife and tried to commit suicide with the poison, which left him alive with a permanent grin. Bruce takes up the mantle of Batman to fight criminals on the street. At the same time, a series of murders of women take place and some people begin to suspect that Batman is the murderer. It is soon discovered that Jack the Ripper has come to Gotham, as the murders in Gotham City seem to resemble the Ripper murders. After", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "2815050", "text": "Elseworlds Elseworlds was the publication imprint for American comic books produced by DC Comics for stories that took place outside the DC Universe canon. The \"Gotham by Gaslight\" graphic novel, featuring Batman, is considered to be the first official \"Elseworlds\" story. The \"Elseworlds\" name was trademarked in 1989, the same year as the first \"Elseworlds\" publication. From 1942 to the mid-1980s, particularly during the 1960s — the Silver Age of Comic Books era — DC Comics began to make a distinction between the continuity of its fictional universe and stories with plots that did not fit that continuity. These out-of-continuity", "title": "Elseworlds" }, { "id": "11265271", "text": "a 12 rating, \"Batman: Gotham Knight\" is being accompanied with a 15 certificate for \"images of bloody violence and injury\". The film had its television premiere on Cartoon Network on October 4, 2008 at 9:00 PM with a TV-14-V rating and an exclusive parental warning after each commercial break, with a few of the more graphic scenes cut. \"Batman: Gotham Knight\" is split into six segments: \"Have I Got a Story for You\" was written by Josh Olson and animated by Studio 4°C. A street kid meets with his three friends at a skate park. All three of them claim", "title": "Batman: Gotham Knight" }, { "id": "15407042", "text": "US surpassed the lifetime retail sales of \"2033\". It was the sixth best-selling retail game in the US in its month of release according to NPD Group. While the exact sales of the game have not been revealed, Deep Silver announced that the \"Metro Redux\" collection sold more than 1.5 million copies. \"Metro Exodus\" was announced on 11 June 2017 at Microsoft's press conference during E3 2017. The game is scheduled to be released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on February 22, 2019. Metro: Last Light Metro: Last Light is a post-apocalyptic-themed, first-person shooter video game with", "title": "Metro: Last Light" }, { "id": "19386646", "text": "as Fish Mooney, although both Doman and Pinkett Smith returned as guest stars. New additions to the cast include James Frain as Theo Galavan; Jessica Lucas as Tabitha Galavan; and Michael Chiklis as Captain Nathaniel Barnes. Also, Morena Baccarin, Chris Chalk, Drew Powell, and Nicholas D'Agosto were upped to series regulars after having recurred on the previous season. The season was broadcast over 2 runs: the first 11 episodes aired from September to November 2015; and the other 11 episodes aired from February to May 2016. The season also holds two subtitles. The first half of the season is subtitled", "title": "Gotham (season 2)" }, { "id": "40377", "text": "Batman, but at the cost of his memories as the reborn Bruce Wayne. He returns and helps Jim Gordon defeat Mr. Bloom and shut down the reactor. Gordon gets his job back as the commissioner, and the government Batman project is shut down. In 2015, DC Comics released \"\", the sequel to Frank Miller's \"The Dark Knight Returns\" and \"The Dark Knight Strikes Again\". In June 2016, the DC Rebirth event relaunched DC Comics' entire line of comic book titles. \"Batman\" was rebooted as starting with a one-shot issue entitled \"Batman: Rebirth\" #1 (Aug. 2016). The series then began shipping", "title": "Batman" }, { "id": "11265295", "text": "second highest-grossing film in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies, just behind Superman Doomsday, which grossed over $9 million. A DVD (Blu-ray Disc for PlayStation 3) of the movie was bundled with the Collectors Edition of \"\", which was released on October 18, 2011. Comic book veteran Louise Simonson wrote a novel adaptation of the feature, published by Ace Books. It was released on May 27, 2008. . Reviews for the novelization have been positive. The Batsuit from \"Field Test\" appears as an unlockable alternate skin, under the name \"Anime Batman Skin\" in \"\". It can be unlocked as a", "title": "Batman: Gotham Knight" }, { "id": "14967116", "text": "priest at the orphanage that Blake grew up in. Brett Cullen portrays Byron Gilley, a U.S. congressman who is kidnapped on Harvey Dent Day by Kyle. Cillian Murphy reprises his role as Jonathan Crane / Scarecrow from previous films, as does Liam Neeson as Ra's al Ghul, who appears to Bruce in a hallucination. Josh Pence portrays Ra's al Ghul in scenes set thirty years before the events of \"Batman Begins\". Nestor Carbonell also returns as Anthony Garcia, Gotham's mayor. Other cast members include Aidan Gillen as CIA agent Bill Wilson (referred to solely as \"CIA\" in the film's dialogue;", "title": "The Dark Knight Rises" }, { "id": "20269290", "text": "the previous season premiere but on par with last season's average. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported an 85% approval rating with an average rating of 6.8/10 based on 13 reviews. Gotham (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"Gotham\", based on characters from DC Comics related to the Batman franchise, revolves around the characters of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. The season is produced by Primrose Hill Productions, DC Entertainment, and Warner Bros. Television, with Bruno Heller, Danny Cannon, and John Stephens serving as executive producers. The season was inspired and adapted elements from the", "title": "Gotham (season 4)" }, { "id": "20296871", "text": "Gotham (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"Gotham\", based on characters from DC Comics related to the Batman franchise, revolves around the characters of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. The season is produced by Primrose Hill Productions, DC Entertainment, and Warner Bros. Television, with Bruno Heller, Danny Cannon, John Stephens, and Ken Woodruff serving as executive producers. The season included inspirations from and . The season was ordered on March 2016 and every cast member from the last season returned with the exception of Zabryna Guevara as Sarah Essen; James Frain as Theo Galavan/Azrael; and Nicholas", "title": "Gotham (season 3)" }, { "id": "18070703", "text": "arrive through the Slideways Teleporter. The game consists of over 200 characters from both the DC Universe and the returning \"Batman\" series. Conan O'Brien appears in a non-playable role as the game's guide. On 9 September 2014, WB Games announced a season pass that will consist of downloadable content (DLC) of levels and characters. The Season Pass is available for the PS3, PS4, Xbox One, Xbox 360 and PC versions of the game, and consists of six releases. Several other packs, not included in the season pass, have also been released. The game features both notable celebrity cameos, as well", "title": "Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham" }, { "id": "14100983", "text": "previously released downloadable content, and feature improved graphics, upgraded models and environments, and improvements in the lighting, effects and shaders for both games. Originally intended for release in North America on July 26, 2016, and in Europe on July 29, 2016, the collection was delayed indefinitely in June 2016 in order to give the development team \"additional time to deliver a polished \"Batman Arkham\" game experience.\" The collection was released on October 18, 2016. Warner Bros. partnered with several retailers and companies globally to provide bonus content as a reward for pre-ordering, including: Best Buy, Amazon.com, GameStop, Game, Gamestation, EB", "title": "Batman: Arkham City" }, { "id": "15407029", "text": "at the time and they were familiar with the development team, whose members worked on \"\", a game published by Koch Media's label Deep Silver. After the auction, Deep Silver announced that the title would be released on 14 May 2013 in North America, 16 May 2013 in Australia and New Zealand, and 17 May 2013 in Europe for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360. It was released for OS X on 10 September 2013, Linux on 5 November 2013, and the title was bundled with Valve Corporation's prototype of Steam Machine. Players who purchased the game via Steam", "title": "Metro: Last Light" }, { "id": "260766", "text": "Gotham City, in the animated film \"The Lego Batman Movie\". In April 2017, it was announced that Carey is launching her own record label, Butterfly MC Records, a joint partnership with Epic Records. In July 2017, Carey made a cameo in the comedy film \"Girls Trip\", starring Queen Latifah, Jada Pinkett Smith and Regina Hall. The same month, Carey embarked on a tour with Lionel Richie, titled, All the Hits Tour. Carey was featured in the official remix for French Montana's single \"Unforgettable\", alongside Swae Lee. In October 2017, Carey released a new soundtrack single, \"The Star\", for the movie", "title": "Mariah Carey" }, { "id": "18177892", "text": "Telltale game engine that it is using for its Batman game. During the 2016 PAX Expo, Telltale revealed the third season will be released in November 2016, with the subtitle \"A New Frontier\". Telltale later had to delay the first episode's release until December 20, 2016. Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment will publish retail versions of Season 3 as part of a deal with Telltale for \"Batman\" that was released in August 2016. The physical edition is expected to release on February 24, 2017 in North America and March 3, 2017 in Europe; it will contain the first two episodes on", "title": "The Walking Dead: A New Frontier" }, { "id": "20776952", "text": "\"Batman: Damned\" is set in a different continuity from the main DC Universe. In the story, the Joker is discovered dead in the water near Gotham Gate bridge, and Batman is the prime suspect. Batman enlists the help of John Constantine; together, they delve into the supernatural side of Gotham to find the killer. Batman: Damned Batman: Damned is a comic book limited series published by DC Comics under its DC Black Label imprint. Written by Brian Azzarello and illustrated by Lee Bermejo, it spans three issues and began on September 19, 2018. Though considered a standalone story, the series", "title": "Batman: Damned" }, { "id": "20269286", "text": "third time they die [on \"Gotham\"]\" Filming for the season began on June 20, 2017, at Steiner Studios in Brooklyn, New York. In January 2018, it was announced that Ben McKenzie would direct an episode after making his directional debut the previous season. It was later revealed that he would be directing the 16th episode, titled \"One of My Three Soups\". Production on the season officially wrapped in late March 2018. The season was originally set to air on September 28, 2017, on Fox in the United States. However, on July 28, 2017, Fox decided to move up the premiere", "title": "Gotham (season 4)" }, { "id": "20269265", "text": "Gotham (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"Gotham\", based on characters from DC Comics related to the Batman franchise, revolves around the characters of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. The season is produced by Primrose Hill Productions, DC Entertainment, and Warner Bros. Television, with Bruno Heller, Danny Cannon, and John Stephens serving as executive producers. The season was inspired and adapted elements from the comic book storylines of \"\", \"\", and \"\". The subtitle for the season is \"A Dark Knight\". The season was ordered in May 2017, and production began the following month. Ben McKenzie", "title": "Gotham (season 4)" }, { "id": "52638", "text": "\"Batman & Robin\", were released on June 19, 1992, June 16, 1995, and June 20, 1997, respectively. As Gotham City approaches its bicentennial, Mayor Borg orders district attorney Harvey Dent and police commissioner James Gordon to make the city safer. Meanwhile, reporter Alexander Knox and photojournalist Vicki Vale begin to investigate rumors of a vigilante nicknamed \"Batman\" who is targeting the city's criminals. Batman's alter-ego is Bruce Wayne, a billionaire industrialist who, as a child, witnessed his parents' murder at the hands of a psychotic mugger. At a fundraiser for the bicentennial in Wayne Manor, Bruce meets and falls for", "title": "Batman (1989 film)" }, { "id": "12496038", "text": "he also passes Times Square. Kelly also drives the Batmobile. Singer Sparkle is also featured in video as an dancer. The video for the remix is also directed by Williams. Gotham City (song) \"Gotham City\" is a song by R&B singer R. Kelly based on the fictional city of the same name. It was featured on the soundtrack to the film, \"Batman & Robin\", and reached number nine on both the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. The music video for the song was directed by Hype Williams. A remix version for the song was released featuring", "title": "Gotham City (song)" }, { "id": "11643711", "text": "Bruce Timm. On April 26, 2012, DCAU Batman voice actor Kevin Conroy let it slip that he had just recorded his lines for the animated film version of DC Universe-changing \"Flashpoint\". WBA confirmed the actor will be playing Bruce Wayne/Batman in the non-Flashpoint era sections of the film. Along with Ron Perlman, Dana Delany, Vanessa Marshall, Nathan Fillion & Dee Bradley Baker reprising their roles as Deathstroke, Lois Lane, Wonder Woman, Green Lantern and Etrigan the Demon, the actors whose roles are announced include Justin Chambers as Barry Allen/The Flash, C. Thomas Howell as Professor Zoom, Kevin McKidd as Thomas", "title": "DC Universe Animated Original Movies" }, { "id": "18881317", "text": "million in its opening weekend from 3,737 screens in key markets of Russia and Australia along with 30 smaller Eastern European and Asian markets. The film benefited from being released in the wake of the global success of \"The Conjuring 2\". It debuted at first place in Russia with $1.7 million. Its other top openings were recorded in South Korea ($3.9 million), France ($1.5 million), the U.K. ($1.4 million) and Spain ($1.1 million). Its biggest earning markets are South Korea ($7.7 million), Mexico ($5.5 million), the U.K. ($4.5 million) and Spain ($3.9 million). On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes the film", "title": "Lights Out (2016 film)" }, { "id": "705055", "text": "The Voice. She wrote and composed the song \"We Are Here\", which was featured in the short film \"We Rise\"; that film was part of the New-York Historical Society's \"Hotbed\" exhibit about women's suffrage, which ran from November 3, 2017 to March 25, 2018. On December 5, 2017, Hip-hop artist Eminem revealed that Keys collaborated on the song \"Like Home\" for his ninth studio album \"Revival\". Keys also featured on the song \"Morning Light\" from Justin Timberlake's fifth studio album \"Man of the Woods\" (2018) and on \"Us\", the third single from James Bay's second studio album \"\"Electric Ligh\"t\". From", "title": "Alicia Keys" }, { "id": "20410969", "text": "in the United States on October 27, 2017. Over its opening weekend the film made $1.9 million from 373 theaters (a per-theater average of $5,071), finishing 11th at the box office. In its second weekend the film was added to 269 theaters and dropped just 1.9% to $1.7 million, finishing 10th at the box office. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 50% based on 6 reviews, with an average rating of 4.6/10. Let There Be Light (2017 film) Let There Be Light is a 2017 American Christian drama film directed by and starring", "title": "Let There Be Light (2017 film)" }, { "id": "11265278", "text": "and disappears. \"Field Test\" was written by Jordan Goldberg and animated by Bee Train. An accident involving a new WayneCom satellite's gyroscopic electromagnetic guidance system gives Lucius Fox an idea to create a device with the satellite's gyro with an advanced sound sensor that will electromagnetically deflect small-arms fire. Bruce Wayne takes the device and attends a charity golf tournament being held by land developer Ronald Marshall, with whom he discusses the mysterious death of a community activist named Teresa Williams, who had opposed some of Marshall's plans. During the tournament, Wayne secretly takes Marshall's PDA device. Later that night", "title": "Batman: Gotham Knight" }, { "id": "17570285", "text": "respectively. In New Zealand, it was the most-watched program on the network, with 278,540 viewers. The time shifted version was watched by 39,580 viewers. Season 1 of \"Gotham\" received generally positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the season a rating of 78% based on 90 reviews, with an average rating of 6.92/10. The site's consensus states, \"High production values, a talented cast, and an appealingly stylized approach to the Batman mythos help \"Gotham\" overcome its occasionally familiar themes.\" Metacritic gives the season a score of 71 out of 100, based on 34 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\".", "title": "Gotham (TV series)" }, { "id": "5642220", "text": "a search of Wayne Manor, a bloody knife is found under Bruce's bed and Bruce is arrested. A trial is held in which Uncle Jake is Bruce's defense attorney. After the trial, Bruce is convicted of being the Ripper and sentenced to be hanged for his crimes. Bruce is imprisoned in Arkham Asylum. Once Bruce is in prison, Gordon gives him all the documentation on the crimes. Bruce toils day and night to try to figure out how he can get the Ripper. Just one day before the execution, Bruce learns the identity of the Ripper by discovering he had", "title": "Gotham by Gaslight" }, { "id": "17899821", "text": "for June 2015 and became the fastest-selling game of 2015, beating the record previously held by \"\". It also was the second-best-selling game of 2015 behind \"Mortal Kombat X\" and the fastest-selling game of the \"Arkham\" franchise. The PlayStation 4 sales were the highest for a single SKU across any Batman game since the NPD Group began tracking the industry. By October 2015, the game sold over 5 million units worldwide. \"Batman: Arkham Knight\" received \"Game Informer\"s award for \"Best Action Game\" seen at E3 2014 in June 2014. It also received IGN's \"Best Xbox One Game\" for their E3", "title": "Batman: Arkham Knight" }, { "id": "14614831", "text": "over 2 million plays on Spotify. The back story for how \"TriggerPulse\" was written is on the main band website blog. The second single from Prevail I 'Gotham' was released on February 17, 2017 with exclusive premiers streaming via Metal Hammer and Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles. The third prerelease from Prevail I is \"You Don't Know\" Napalm Records released on March 31, 2017. Light Me Up reached #40 on the active rock charts in the USA in December 2017. Kobra and the Lotus have played Sonisphere Festival, Download Festival, Rock am Ring and Rock im Park, Hard Rock Hell,", "title": "Kobra and the Lotus" }, { "id": "2815062", "text": "This crossover introduces Batwoman, Gotham City, Nora Fries, and Lois Lane to the Arrowverse, and aired on December 9–11, 2018 on The CW. Elseworlds Elseworlds was the publication imprint for American comic books produced by DC Comics for stories that took place outside the DC Universe canon. The \"Gotham by Gaslight\" graphic novel, featuring Batman, is considered to be the first official \"Elseworlds\" story. The \"Elseworlds\" name was trademarked in 1989, the same year as the first \"Elseworlds\" publication. From 1942 to the mid-1980s, particularly during the 1960s — the Silver Age of Comic Books era — DC Comics began", "title": "Elseworlds" }, { "id": "16229235", "text": "writer for Detective Comics, for the DC character Batman, for a five issue arc titled \"On the Outside\". This arc set up for a new volume of \"Batman and the Outsiders\" written by Hill, to be released in December 2018, starring Batman, Katana, Black Lightning, Cassandra Cain, and Duke Thomas. Bryan Edward Hill Bryan Edward Hill is an entertainment industry consultant, author, screenwriter, musician, comic book writer, and graphic designer. Hill was born in Chicago and moved to St. Louis, Missouri as a child, where he attended the prep academy John Burroughs School. Hill was hired by Top Cow Productions", "title": "Bryan Edward Hill" }, { "id": "20154740", "text": "49, a new series low. This was a slight decrease in viewership from the previous episode, which was watched by 3.03 million viewers with a 1.0/4 in the 18-49 demographics. With this rating, \"Gotham\" ranked second for FOX, behind \"Lucifer\" but beating \"Lucifer\" in the 18-49 demographics, fourth on its timeslot and ninth for the night behind a rerun of \"Kevin Can Wait\", \"The Wall\", two reruns of \"The Big Bang Theory\", \"Man with a Plan\", \"Scorpion\", \"Dancing with the Stars\", and \"The Voice\". The episode was the 58th most watched for the week in terms of viewership. \"Heroes Rise:", "title": "Light the Wick" }, { "id": "20776950", "text": "Batman: Damned Batman: Damned is a comic book limited series published by DC Comics under its DC Black Label imprint. Written by Brian Azzarello and illustrated by Lee Bermejo, it spans three issues and began on September 19, 2018. Though considered a standalone story, the series is a loose follow-up to the 2008 graphic novel \"Joker\". In \"Damned\", the Joker turns up dead, and Batman recruits John Constantine to help him find the killer. \"Batman: Damned\" is written by Brian Azzarello and illustrated by Lee Bermejo, with cover art by Bermejo and Jim Lee. It is published by DC Comics", "title": "Batman: Damned" }, { "id": "1357529", "text": "factor for the lack of success in the U.S. was that it was released at the same time as the hugely successful \"Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade\", Tim Burton's \"Batman\", and \"Lethal Weapon 2\", during the summer blockbuster season. In the United Kingdom—one of its critical markets—the film was also hampered by receiving a 15 certificate from the British Board of Film Classification, which severely affected its commercial success. Future Bond films, following the resolution of legal and other issues, were all released between 31 October and mid-December, in order to avoid the risk of a summer failure, as", "title": "Timothy Dalton" }, { "id": "18330553", "text": "film's world premiere was conducted in Dublin, Ireland on January 29, 2017, whereupon it went into general release from February 8; it was released in Denmark on February 9, and in the United States the day after. Its overall release saw movie theatres displaying the film in 3D, RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema and IMAX, though the latter format was restricted to 2D for North America, while international countries were able to view it in IMAX 3D. The first teaser trailer for \"The Lego Batman Movie\" was released on March 24, 2016, and features the song \"Black and Yellow\" by Wiz", "title": "The Lego Batman Movie" }, { "id": "17899820", "text": "for sale again on October 28, 2015, along with a patch updating the game to include all previously released DLC and content updates, except console exclusives. After the game was made available again, it was still criticized for lingering technical issues, resulting in Warner Bros. offering full refunds for the game as well as the game's season pass until the end of 2015, regardless of how long the game was owned. Warner Bros. also stated they would continue to address issues with the Windows version for those who chose to keep the game. \"Batman: Arkham Knight\" was the highest-selling game", "title": "Batman: Arkham Knight" }, { "id": "6894254", "text": "– August 2001). Other appearances include \"Beverly Hills, 90210\", \"The Cosby Mysteries\", and \"The Agency\". In 2003, McCouch landed the role as Dusty Donovan on \"As the World Turns\", a role for which he earned a Daytime Emmy nomination for in 2006 for the Supporting Actor category. His film credits include an emotional turn as Gruber in \"Armageddon\" (1998) , \"Airtight\" (1999), and \"Momentum\" (2003). In 2014, McCouch portrayed the doomed Thomas Wayne in the pilot episode of \"Gotham\". He currently resides in New York City. Grayson McCouch Grayson Jonathan McCouch (born October 29, 1968) is an American actor. He", "title": "Grayson McCouch" }, { "id": "20296892", "text": "158 reviews. Gotham (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"Gotham\", based on characters from DC Comics related to the Batman franchise, revolves around the characters of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. The season is produced by Primrose Hill Productions, DC Entertainment, and Warner Bros. Television, with Bruno Heller, Danny Cannon, John Stephens, and Ken Woodruff serving as executive producers. The season included inspirations from and . The season was ordered on March 2016 and every cast member from the last season returned with the exception of Zabryna Guevara as Sarah Essen; James Frain as Theo Galavan/Azrael;", "title": "Gotham (season 3)" }, { "id": "19211963", "text": "the Tool were made for \"\" to include physics-based modeling and support for DirectX 11, \"Batman\" featured the full implementation of the new Tool. However, its development schedule was rushed, leading to some initial bugs on release, which were later fixed a few weeks later. The game was separated into five episodes, released in approximately monthly intervals for mobile devices, personal computers, and PlayStation and Xbox consoles. The version of the series for the Nintendo Switch was announced in August 2017, and was released on November 14, 2017. \"Batman: The Telltale Series\" received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics. Critics praised Telltale's", "title": "Batman: The Telltale Series" }, { "id": "2035288", "text": "West new popularity with the next generation of fans. He also played Gotham City's Mayor Grange as a somewhat recurring role in \"The Batman\". In addition, West played the voice of Thomas Wayne, Bruce Wayne's father in the episode \"Chill of the Night\" from the series \"Batman: The Brave and the Bold\". The company Stern released the pinball machine \"Batman '66\", based on the TV series, in December 2016. It is the first Stern game that features a full color LCD in the backbox instead of a Dot-matrix display. There are three different versions of the pinball machine: Super Limited", "title": "Batman (TV series)" }, { "id": "20269289", "text": "promotion for the ninth episode \"Let Them Eat Pie\", Fox released a \"red band\" trailer featuring Michael Cerveris as Professor Pyg, teasing a Sweeney Todd storyline in the episode as well as a musical number, which was considered by \"TV Guide\" as \"insane.\" The season is set to be released on Blu-ray on August 21, 2018. On August 15, 2018, the season was made available on Netflix UK and Ireland one month prior to its Region 2 DVD release. The premiere was watched by 3.21 million viewers with a 1.0 in the 18–49 demo, which was a 17% decline from", "title": "Gotham (season 4)" }, { "id": "6600895", "text": "The CW's series \"The Flash\", \"Arrow\", \"Supergirl\" and \"DC's Legends of Tomorrow\". The 2018 crossover \"Elseworlds\" confirms that Batman exists within the Arrowverse in both Earth-1 (home of \"Arrow\" and \"The Flash\") and Earth-38 (home of \"Supergirl\"). In Earth-38, he is friends or \"frenemies\" with Superman, while on Earth 1 Bruce Wayne, along with Batman, has disappeared three years before the events of the crossover. Gotham is now being protected by his cousin Kate Kane / Batwoman. \"Gotham\" creator Bruno Heller and executive producer Danny Cannon will develop an Alfred Pennyworth TV series titled \"Pennyworth\" which will be an origin", "title": "Batman franchise media" }, { "id": "20045722", "text": "Steven Universe: Save the Light Steven Universe: Save the Light is an action-adventure role-playing video game developed by Grumpyface Studios and published by Cartoon Network Games. Based on the television series \"Steven Universe\", it is a sequel to the 2015 mobile game \"\". It was released digitally on October 31, 2017 for PlayStation 4, and on November 3, 2017 for Xbox One, and was released on Windows and OS X in August 2018, and released on Nintendo Switch in October 2018. After the events of \"Attack of the Light!\", Steven, the Gems and their friends go on a quest to", "title": "Steven Universe: Save the Light" }, { "id": "9589886", "text": "song Another Love on his album with 3rdeyegirl, Plectrumelectrum. She also performed \"Fool For You\", \"The One\", \"She\", and \"Don't Get Me Wrong\", and \"Dreams\" at AfroPunk 2014. In 2015, Smith's cover of \"I Put a Spell on You\" was featured on \"Nina Revisited... A Tribute to Nina Simone\". In 2018, Smith's song \"Fool For You\" was featured in the \"Season 4\" episode \"One of My Three Soups\" of the TV series \"Gotham\", which chronicles the events leading up to Batman's arrival. Smith has one daughter with recording artist Citizen Cope. Alice Smith Alice Smith (born 30 November 1978) is", "title": "Alice Smith" } ]	when does batman gotham by gaslight come out
[ "Thomas Andrew Felton" ]	[ { "id": "1961929", "text": "Tom Felton Thomas Andrew Felton (born 22 September 1987) is an English actor and musician. Felton began appearing in commercials when he was eight years old for companies such as Commercial Union and Barclaycard. He made his screen debut in the role of Peagreen Clock in \"The Borrowers\" (1997) and he portrayed Louis T. Leonowens in \"Anna and the King\" (1999). He rose to prominence for his role as Draco Malfoy in the film adaptions of the best-selling \"Harry Potter\" fantasy novels by J.K. Rowling. His performances in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" and \"Harry Potter and the Deathly", "title": "Tom Felton" }, { "id": "1961939", "text": "ages 11 to 18. Tom Felton Thomas Andrew Felton (born 22 September 1987) is an English actor and musician. Felton began appearing in commercials when he was eight years old for companies such as Commercial Union and Barclaycard. He made his screen debut in the role of Peagreen Clock in \"The Borrowers\" (1997) and he portrayed Louis T. Leonowens in \"Anna and the King\" (1999). He rose to prominence for his role as Draco Malfoy in the film adaptions of the best-selling \"Harry Potter\" fantasy novels by J.K. Rowling. His performances in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" and \"Harry", "title": "Tom Felton" }, { "id": "547919", "text": "Draco Malfoy Draco Lucius Malfoy is a character in J. K. Rowling's \"Harry Potter\" series. He is a student in Harry Potter's year belonging in the Slytherin house. He is frequently accompanied by his two cronies, Vincent Crabbe and Gregory Goyle, who act as henchmen. Draco is characterised as a cowardly bully who manipulates and hurts people to get what he wants; nevertheless, he is a cunning user of magic. He was played by Tom Felton in the Harry Potter film series. Draco serves as a foil to the hero, Harry Potter and is loosely based on bullies Rowling encountered", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "5621152", "text": "Josh Herdman Joshua Colin M. Herdman (born 26 March 1987) is an English actor and mixed martial artist, best known for playing Gregory Goyle in the \"Harry Potter\" film series. Herdman was born in Hampton, London. The son of actor and former professional rugby league footballer Martin Herdman and Jessica Herdman, the youngest of the four brothers. He was educated at Orleans Park School. Herdman started acting when he was about 7 years old; his father found him an agent. At age 13, he was cast as Gregory Goyle, a sidekick of villain Draco Malfoy, in \"Harry Potter and the", "title": "Josh Herdman" }, { "id": "547957", "text": "Hermione and spends a great deal of time posing and rolling around on the floor. Draco Malfoy Draco Lucius Malfoy is a character in J. K. Rowling's \"Harry Potter\" series. He is a student in Harry Potter's year belonging in the Slytherin house. He is frequently accompanied by his two cronies, Vincent Crabbe and Gregory Goyle, who act as henchmen. Draco is characterised as a cowardly bully who manipulates and hurts people to get what he wants; nevertheless, he is a cunning user of magic. He was played by Tom Felton in the Harry Potter film series. Draco serves as", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "547943", "text": "it is something he would say, I suggest changing it. They do listen to you and you do feel a part of it.\" Felton contributed to premieres, articles and interviews, and received the Disney Channel's Kids Awards for Best DVD \"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets\" on 22 September 2003. He also won the MTV Movie Award for Best Villain for his portrayal as Malfoy in the 2010 MTV Movie Awards and the 2011 MTV Movie Awards. Malfoy grew into one of the series' most popular characters due to Felton's performances and Felton quickly became synonymous with the character", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "16359278", "text": "Malfoy (Prasad for the second movie, with two other actors voicing Draco for the first film and the rest of the series respectively) Fred and George Weasley, Voldemort, Hagrid, Arthur Weasley (Dutt for all films starting with the second), Dumbledore (Dutt for the first 2 films and Chaturvedi from 5th to the final) and Severus Snape respectively, for the Hindi dubs of the film series. He was considered to be known as: \"The voice of Harry Potter\". But after the fifth film, another Hindi voice actor, Rajesh Kava, took over as the third and permanent voice for Harry Potter for", "title": "Karan Trivedi" }, { "id": "547942", "text": "a son, Scorpius Malfoy. Draco's hairline has receded, making his face look even more pointed. Though they are not friends, Malfoy has somewhat decreased his animosity toward Harry, and, upon seeing them at King's Cross station, gives a brief and curt nod to Harry, Ron, Hermione and Ginny. Tom Felton played Draco Malfoy in all of the \"Harry Potter\" films. Prior to landing the part of Malfoy, Felton auditioned to play Harry and Ron. Having read more of the \"Harry Potter\" books, Felton reflects: \"I have had input into Draco. If they give me a line and I don't think", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "9017492", "text": "also said, \"I don't know what compelled me to say this [to Rowling], but I said, 'I've just got to warn you my favourite character is not Harry. My favourite character is Hermione.' And I think for some weird reason, from that moment on, she sort of trusted me.\" Aside from the three lead actors, other notable cast members include Robbie Coltrane as Rubeus Hagrid, Tom Felton as Draco Malfoy, Alan Rickman as Severus Snape, and Dame Maggie Smith as Minerva McGonagall. Richard Harris, who played the role of Professor Albus Dumbledore, died on 25 October 2002 causing the role", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "11760444", "text": "Duchess of Malfi\" (National Theatre Studio), \"Birdland\" (Royal Court Theatre). In 2016, he was cast as Draco Malfoy in the Harry Potter play, \"Harry Potter and the Cursed Child\". Alex Price has a younger sister, is married and has a son (2011). Alex Price Alex Price (born 8 May 1985) is a British actor who has appeared in various television programmes including \"Being Human\", \"Merlin\" and \"Doctor Who\". He starred in feature-length films, such as \"A Horse with No Name\", and in a variety of short films. Since 2013, he plays Sid Carter, one of the main characters in the", "title": "Alex Price" }, { "id": "20238749", "text": "Broadway at the redesigned Lyric Theatre, New York City on 22 April 2018. Parker, Dumezweni, and Thornley reprised their roles on Broadway with Poppy Miller, Sam Clemmett, Alex Price, and Anthony Boyle also reprising their roles as Ginny Potter, Albus Potter, Draco Malfoy, and Scorpius Malfoy, respectively. , the Wizarding World films have collectively grossed over $9.1 billion at the global box office, making it the third-highest-grossing film franchise of all time behind the Marvel Cinematic Universe films and the \"Star Wars\" films. Each film has grossed over $790 million, and all but \"Prisoner of Azkaban\" and \"Fantastic Beasts\" at", "title": "Wizarding World" }, { "id": "4859163", "text": "trilingual film \"Joyeux Noël\", which was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the Oscars, Golden Globe Awards and the BAFTAs. In 2003 Ferns appeared as Draco Malfoy in a Harry Potter sketch for Comic Relief. In 2004 he played Commander Martin Brooke, the lead role, in the short-lived ITV series \"Making Waves\". In the same year he appeared in \"Man Dancin'\", a Festival Film & TV production, which won a number of awards on the festival circuit, including Outstanding Original Screenplay at the Sacramento Film Festival. He has also appeared on \"Coronation Street\". He has also appeared in the", "title": "Alex Ferns" }, { "id": "6005193", "text": "live in north London. She is an honorary patron of the London children's charity Scene & Heard. McCrory was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to drama. Helen McCrory Helen Elizabeth McCrory (born 17 August 1968) is a British actress. McCrory portrayed Cherie Blair in both \"The Queen\" (2006) and \"The Special Relationship\" (2010). She also portrayed Francoise in the film \"Charlotte Gray\" (2001), Narcissa Malfoy in the final three \"Harry Potter\" films, Mama Jeanne in Martin Scorsese's family film \"Hugo\" (2011), Clair Dowar in the James", "title": "Helen McCrory" }, { "id": "6005187", "text": "Helen McCrory Helen Elizabeth McCrory (born 17 August 1968) is a British actress. McCrory portrayed Cherie Blair in both \"The Queen\" (2006) and \"The Special Relationship\" (2010). She also portrayed Francoise in the film \"Charlotte Gray\" (2001), Narcissa Malfoy in the final three \"Harry Potter\" films, Mama Jeanne in Martin Scorsese's family film \"Hugo\" (2011), Clair Dowar in the James Bond film \"Skyfall\" (2012), Polly Gray in \"Peaky Blinders\" (2013–present), and Emma Banville in \"Fearless\" (2017). She now lives in Suffolk. McCrory was born in Paddington, west London. Her mother, Anne (née Morgans), is Welsh, and her father, Iain McCrory,", "title": "Helen McCrory" }, { "id": "3501741", "text": "ultimately played by Hero Fiennes-Tiffin as a child and Frank Dillane as a teenager. Helen McCrory appears as Narcissa Malfoy, Draco's mother and younger sister of Bellatrix. McCrory was originally cast as Bellatrix in \"Order of the Phoenix\", but had to drop out due to pregnancy. Naomi Watts was previously reported as having accepted the role, only for it to be denied by her agency. Both Clémence Poésy, who had played Fleur Delacour, and Chris Rankin, who had played Percy Weasley, were interested in returning, but did not appear in the film. After Bill Nighy expressed an interest in appearing,", "title": "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)" }, { "id": "19772887", "text": "College until the age of 17, he attended St Louise's Comprehensive College. In 2013 he then began training at the Royal Welsh College of Music and Drama in Cardiff before graduating in 2016 with a BA(Hons) in Acting. Anthony Boyle Anthony Boyle (born 8 June 1994) is an Northern Irish actor best known for his role as Scorpius Malfoy in the English play \"Harry Potter and the Cursed Child\" (2016), for which he won the Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role. In spring of 2018, Boyle made his Broadway debut in the West End transfer of \"Harry", "title": "Anthony Boyle" }, { "id": "6005190", "text": "a modernised TV adaptation of \"Frankenstein's Monster\", simply called \"Frankenstein\". Her first pregnancy forced her to pull out of \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\" (2007), in which she had been cast as Bellatrix Lestrange (she was replaced by Helena Bonham Carter). McCrory was later cast as Bellatrix's sister Narcissa Malfoy in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\", released in July 2009. McCrory reprised her role in the final films, \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1\" and \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\"; McCrory's performance was well received by fans of the", "title": "Helen McCrory" }, { "id": "2475132", "text": "Jason Isaacs Jason Isaacs (born 6 June 1963) is an English actor and producer, best known for playing Lucius Malfoy in the Harry Potter film series, Colonel William Tavington in \"The Patriot\", criminal Michael Caffee in the Showtime series \"Brotherhood\" and Marshal Georgy Zhukov in \"The Death of Stalin\". In December 2016, he played \"Hap\" Percy in the Netflix supernatural series \"The OA\". He played Captain Gabriel Lorca, the commanding officer of the USS \"Discovery\" in the first season of \"\" and currently provides the voice of The Inquisitor, Sentinel, in \"Star Wars Rebels\", the animated television series. Outside of", "title": "Jason Isaacs" }, { "id": "547956", "text": "known as Mailboy (with his father Lucius being parodied as Mailman). In Neil Cicierega's \"Potter Puppet Pals\", Draco stars in the episode \"Draco Puppet\". He is different from all the other characters, simplistically made out of paper and is a smaller puppet, held and voiced by the Harry puppet. Harry created him in order to torture him, and after the puppet \"annoys\" Harry, he does a series of strange things to the paper Draco and eventually burns it on a stove. In \"A Very Potter Musical\" Draco is played by actress Lauren Lopez. He has a very obvious crush on", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "10898289", "text": "Wars Prequel Trilogy and \"Lego Star Wars: The Video Game\". He also voiced Draco Malfoy, Albus Dumbledore, Fred Weasley and George Weasley in various \"Harry Potter\" video games, including \"Philosopher's Stone\", \"Chamber of Secrets\", \"Prisoner of Azkaban\", \"Goblet of Fire\", and \"Order of the Phoenix\". He is also a mimic, with a voice range including Bill Clinton, Barack Obama, Christopher Walken, Gordon Brown, Boris Johnson and George Galloway. Since 2014, he has voiced various characters in \"Dead Ringers\", numerous celebrities in ITV's \"Newzoids\" and various animals in CBBC's \"The Zoo\". In the simulation game \"Planet Coaster\", he voices the entertainer", "title": "Lewis MacLeod (actor)" }, { "id": "9017493", "text": "to be re-cast for the third instalment, \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\". David Heyman and director Alfonso Cuarón chose Michael Gambon to portray the character of Dumbledore, which he did for all succeeding films. Notable recurring cast members include Helena Bonham Carter as Bellatrix Lestrange, Warwick Davis as Filius Flitwick, Ralph Fiennes as Lord Voldemort, Brendan Gleeson as Alastor Moody, Richard Griffiths as Vernon Dursley, Jason Isaacs as Lucius Malfoy, Gary Oldman as Sirius Black, Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley, Timothy Spall as Peter Pettigrew, David Thewlis as Remus Lupin, Emma Thompson as Sybill Trelawney, Mark Williams as", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "19772886", "text": "Anthony Boyle Anthony Boyle (born 8 June 1994) is an Northern Irish actor best known for his role as Scorpius Malfoy in the English play \"Harry Potter and the Cursed Child\" (2016), for which he won the Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role. In spring of 2018, Boyle made his Broadway debut in the West End transfer of \"Harry Potter and the Cursed Child\" at the Lyric Theatre, New York City, and was nominated for Best Featured Actor in a Play at the 72nd Tony Awards. Anthony was born in West Belfast, and attended De La Salle", "title": "Anthony Boyle" }, { "id": "547951", "text": "Abraxas Malfoy, Cygnus Black, and Druella Rosier. Abraxas died before the series begins and was a friend of Professor Slughorn. Draco is, therefore, the scion of two old magical families. The Malfoy home, Malfoy Manor, is an elegant mansion located in the western English county of Wiltshire. They were served by Dobby the house elf until the end of \"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets\". The Malfoys are a wealthy gentry family respected in the Wizarding world mainly from Lucius' influence with Hogwarts and the Ministry of Magic, gained mostly from his monetary donations to the Ministry and St", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "547945", "text": "and the Cursed Child\" Draco was portrayed by Alex Price and later by James Howard. In the theatre play Draco has a style like his father's, such as his long hair. Draco was married to Astoria Greengrass, who had died, and has a son named Scorpius. Draco is described as a tall, slender boy with a pale, pointed face, sleek blond hair, and ice grey eyes. Draco is the prototypical spoiled, rich brat; he believes that his family's wealth and social position gives him the right to bully those poorer than himself, such as Ron Weasley. He also insults Hermione", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "10600812", "text": "\"Cheat to Win\". Ross and Mehlenbacher originally conceived \"Draco and the Malfoys\" as a parody of Harry and the Potters, who were performing at a local house party. In late 2004, Matt Maggiacomo invited the Harry and the Potters to play at an all-Harry Potter show at his Rhode Island home. That night, Maggiacomo made his debut as \"The Whomping Willows\", and his friends, Mehlenbacher and his brother, Brian Ross, played for the first time as \"Draco and the Malfoys\". ABC news reports that Brian Ross and Bradley Mehlenbacher's: ...love for the Harry Potter book series is no less than", "title": "Draco and the Malfoys" }, { "id": "547947", "text": "effectively. He's shut down compassion— how else would you become a Death Eater?\" Draco, as well as Dudley Dursley, was indoctrinated with his parents' beliefs. Rowling commented that \"The moment Draco got what he thought he wanted, to become a Death Eater, and given a mission by Lord Voldemort, as he did in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\", reality finally hit him\" because his dream was \"so very different\". Rowling also stated that there was a real moral cowardice in Draco, but that he was not wholly bad. During the series, Draco is portrayed as a cunning, competent young", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "3165404", "text": "she had been cast. As early as August 2005, rumours began linking Helen McCrory to the role. On 2 February 2006 it was announced that McCrory had indeed been cast as Bellatrix. However, in April 2006 she revealed that she was three months pregnant and withdrew from the film because she would not have been able to perform the intense battle sequences in the Ministry of Magic in September and October 2006. The announcement that Bonham Carter had been recast in the role was made on 25 May 2006. McCrory was subsequently cast as Narcissa Malfoy from \"Harry Potter and", "title": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)" }, { "id": "9017466", "text": "Harry Potter (film series) Harry Potter is a British-American film series based on the \"Harry Potter\" novels by author J. K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\" (2001) and culminating with \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\" (2011). A spin-off prequel series that will consist of five films started with \"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\" (2016), marking the beginning of the Wizarding World shared media franchise. The series was mainly produced by David Heyman, and stars Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "20892750", "text": "the Innocent\" (1992). Lodolo is also renowned as a voice actor and dubber. He is typically known for dubbing malevolent, selfish, greedy and arrogant characters. He is best known for voicing Lucius Malfoy in the Italian dub of the \"Harry Potter\" film franchise as well as Gopher in the Italian dub of the \"Winnie the Pooh\" franchise. Among the actors he is known for dubbing includes Vincent Cassel, Tim Roth, Andy García, Gary Oldman and Alfred Molina. Massimo Lodolo Massimo Lodolo (born November 12, 1959) is an Italian actor and voice actor. Born in Rome, Lodolo is of Friulian descent", "title": "Massimo Lodolo" }, { "id": "18868157", "text": "that Hermione's skin was never specified as white. Further notable casting includes Poppy Miller as Ginny Potter, Alex Price as Draco Malfoy, Sam Clemmett as Albus Severus Potter and Anthony Boyle as Scorpius Malfoy. The production features an overall cast of 42. The production began previews on 16 March 2018, officially opening on 22 April at the Lyric Theatre. Clemmett, Boyle, Dumezweni, Miller, Parker, Price and Thornley reprised their roles, from the West End. The theatre removed 400 seats from the auditorium and moved the entrance to 43rd Street. The production is produced by Sonia Friedman Productions, Sir Colin Callender,", "title": "Harry Potter and the Cursed Child" }, { "id": "2475144", "text": "me. But I made my point. We'll see. Like everybody else, I'm holding my breath to July to see what's in there. I just want to bust out of prison, that's all. I don't want to stay in Azkaban most of my life.' \" Ultimately Isaacs did reprise the role of Malfoy as a cameo appearance in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" (2009), where he is seen in a moving portrait. Afterwards, Isaacs reprised the role again in \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1\" (2010) and \"Part 2\" (2011). Isaacs appeared in \"Dragonheart\" (1996), \"Event Horizon\"", "title": "Jason Isaacs" }, { "id": "2475154", "text": "travelling to film premières unrecognised on the London Underground, saying \"They just think, who's that <nowiki>t**</nowiki> in black tie? As soon as I get on the red carpet they start screaming and screaming.\" Isaacs has described himself a \"Jewish man who does almost nothing Jewish in his life\". Isaacs' parents eventually emigrated to Israel. Jason Isaacs Jason Isaacs (born 6 June 1963) is an English actor and producer, best known for playing Lucius Malfoy in the Harry Potter film series, Colonel William Tavington in \"The Patriot\", criminal Michael Caffee in the Showtime series \"Brotherhood\" and Marshal Georgy Zhukov in \"The", "title": "Jason Isaacs" }, { "id": "5621454", "text": "Toby Jones Tobias Edward Heslewood Jones (born 7 September 1966) is an English actor. After appearing in supporting roles in films between 1992 and 2005, Jones made his breakthrough as Truman Capote in the biopic \"Infamous\" (2006). Since then, his films have included \"The Mist\" (2007), \"W.\" (2008), \"Frost/Nixon\" (2008), \"Your Highness\" (2011), \"\" (2011), \"Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy\" (2011), \"Berberian Sound Studio\" (2012), \"The Hunger Games\" (2012), \"\" (2014), \"Tale of Tales\" (2015), \"Dad's Army\" (2016), and \"\" (2018). He also provided the voice of Dobby in the \"Harry Potter\" films, Aristides Silk in \"The Adventures of Tintin\" (2011),", "title": "Toby Jones" }, { "id": "10600811", "text": "Draco and the Malfoys Draco and the Malfoys are a wizard rock band founded in Woonsocket, Rhode Island in 2004. The group is composed of half-brothers Brian Ross and Bradley Mehlenbacher, who both perform under the persona of Draco Malfoy from the \"Harry Potter\" book series. Since the band's formation in 2004, they have released five full-length studio albums, one extended play release, and have contributed to four compilation albums. In late 2013 in an interview with Wizrocklopedia, Brian Ross confirmed that he and Bradley were in the process of making a new album and released a new single called", "title": "Draco and the Malfoys" }, { "id": "547950", "text": "few remaining pure-blood wizarding clans in the \"Harry Potter\" series, and among the wealthiest. The anti-Muggle editor Brutus Malfoy is their ancestor. Lucius Malfoy was a Death Eater during both wizard wars. He marries Narcissa Black and together they have one son, Draco, who is the first Malfoy family member introduced in the series. The Malfoys are related to the Black family through Narcissa (a first cousin of Sirius Black, Harry's godfather), which makes Draco a nephew of both Bellatrix Lestrange and Andromeda Tonks. Draco is also Nymphadora Tonks' first cousin through their mothers. Three of Draco's grandparents are identified:", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "4810043", "text": "time. The game uses similar set designs and graphics as the \"Chamber of Secrets\" game and the previous generation consoles by making them 3D. The game was released on 12 December 2003. The voices featured in \"Philosopher's Stone\" have a likeness provided by the cast of the film adaptation. The voice cast features Joe Sowerbutts as Harry Potter, Draco Malfoy, Crabbe, and Goyle; Gregg Chillin as Ron Weasley and Lee Jordan; Emily Robinson as Hermione Granger; Allan Corduner as Snape, Quirrell, Filch, and Flitwick; David de Keyser as Albus Dumbledore, Quirinus Quirrell, and Lord Voldemort; and Gary Fairhall as the", "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (video game)" }, { "id": "547929", "text": "Polyjuice Potion) humiliates Draco by transforming him into a ferret and repeatedly slamming him against the ground as well as dropping him down Goyle's pants. In \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix,\" Draco is named a Slytherin prefect along with Pansy Parkinson. He gets Harry and the Weasley twins banned from the Gryffindor Quidditch team when they attack him during a postmatch brawl after Draco insults their families following Gryffindor's win over Slytherin. He later joins Dolores Umbridge's Inquisitorial Squad, with whom he plays an important part in the exposure of Dumbledore's Army. As the D.A. flees the", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "19304671", "text": "the Theatre Royal Winchester's production of Peter Pan, for which he received critical acclaim. Hansler has also provided the voice of Lucius Malfoy and other characters in three of the Harry Potter video games; Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1. Hansler is notable for playing the lead character in a major 2013 advertising campaign for Cadbury, whilst other commercials include those for Dunkin' Donuts, Made.com, Unibet and Foxy Bingo. Jonathan Hansler Jonathan Hansler (born John Hansler Brittan) is an English actor. He", "title": "Jonathan Hansler" }, { "id": "547952", "text": "Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries, as well as from his post on the Hogwarts board of governors as chairman. However, he was removed from his position at the conclusion of the second book and imprisoned in Azkaban following the battle at the Department of Mysteries in \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\". Despite maintaining a respectable, but false, image before these events, some in the Wizarding world were previously aware that the Malfoys were devoted to Voldemort and the Dark Arts. Draco constantly uses his elite status and his father's name and influence to gain advantages", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "2475141", "text": "beyond being typecast as an historical villain, Isaacs chose to play a drag queen in his next project, \"Sweet November\" (2001), a romantic comedy-drama. Isaacs has appeared in many other films, most notably as Lucius Malfoy in the \"Harry Potter\" series of films (2002–2011). Regarding the Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling, Isaacs has said: \"I went off and read the books after the audition and I read the first four books in one sitting – you know – didn't wash, didn't eat, drove around with them on the steering wheel like a lunatic. I suddenly understood why my", "title": "Jason Isaacs" }, { "id": "547939", "text": "(Zabini in film version). Draco, despite his often condescending and belittling attitude toward Crabbe and Goyle (as well as his other underlings), grieves for his lost friend. During the Battle of Hogwarts, Draco is seen pleading with a Death Eater who seems intent on killing him. He is once again saved by Harry and Ron, the latter of whom punches Draco in the face under the invisibility cloak for attempting to appease the Death Eater. At about this time, it is revealed through the Pensieve that Dumbledore had known he was dying after being cursed by Voldemort's ring. However, to", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "547933", "text": "the compartment, immobilises him and breaks his nose causing Harry to hate Draco even more. Harry is left stranded on the train until Nymphadora Tonks (Luna Lovegood in the film adaptation) rescues him. Harry spends much of the year trailing Draco's whereabouts on his Marauder's Map, but loses track of him once Draco enters the Room of Requirement. When Katie Bell is almost killed in Hogsmeade after handling a cursed necklace and Ron nearly dies by drinking poisoned mead, Harry suspects Draco is behind both attacks. In this book, Draco is, for the first time since being introduced in the", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "547944", "text": "to many female fans, much to Rowling's dismay. \"I'm trying to clearly distinguish between Tom Felton, who is a good looking young boy, and Draco, who, whatever he looks like, is not a nice man. It’s a romantic, but unhealthy, and unfortunately all too common delusion of girls ... it actually worried me a little bit, to see young girls swearing undying devotion to this really imperfect character ... I mean, I understand the psychology of it, but it is pretty unhealthy.\" Rowling has also noted that Malfoy \"is certainly stylish in the film.\" In the theatre play \"Harry Potter", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "547938", "text": "them, and though they are clearly recognisable, he only ambiguously replies \"It might be.\" During the successful escape from Malfoy Manor headed by Dobby, Harry overpowers Draco and captures his wand. When Harry, Ron, and Hermione seek Ravenclaw's diadem in the Room of Requirement, Draco, along with Crabbe and Goyle (Blaise Zabini in film version rather than Crabbe), attempts to capture Harry alive. However, Crabbe (Goyle in film version) defies Draco's orders and attempts to kill the trio by casting the deadly Fiendfyre; unable to control the spell, he dies in the blaze while the trio rescue Draco and Goyle", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "8251147", "text": "Potter\" involve an average eleven-year-old, better at sport than academic study, who is sent to boarding school. Upon arrival, the boy gains a best friend (in Tom's case, East, in Harry's case, Ron Weasley) who helps him adjust to the new environment. They are set upon by an arrogant bully – in Tom Brown's case, Harry Flashman, in Harry's case Draco Malfoy. Stephen Fry, who both narrates the British audio adaptations of the \"Harry Potter\" novels and has starred in a screen adaptation of \"Tom Brown\", has commented many times about the similarities between the two books. \"Harry Potter –", "title": "Harry Potter influences and analogues" }, { "id": "3501728", "text": "reviews, with praise for Yates's direction and the performances, cinematography, musical score, and \"emotionally satisfying\" story. The film was nominated at the 82nd Academy Awards for Best Cinematography and the 63rd British Academy Film Awards for Best Special Visual Effects and Best Production Design. Lord Voldemort is tightening his grip on both the wizarding and Muggle worlds, kidnapping Ollivander from Diagon Alley and destroying the Millennium Bridge. The Malfoy family is disgraced when Lucius is apprehended and sent to Azkaban for his involvement with the Death Eaters. Voldemort instead chooses Draco to carry out a secret mission at Hogwarts. Draco's", "title": "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)" }, { "id": "547927", "text": "debut as Care of Magical Creatures instructor in \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\", the hippogriff, Buckbeak, attacks Draco after he fails to observe proper protocol while approaching it and insults it. He exaggerates the extent of his injury, giving Slytherin a chance to postpone their Quidditch match against Gryffindor until later in the year and as an attempt to have Hagrid fired. Hermione punches Draco when he mocks Hagrid for crying over Buckbeak's death sentence. Draco, who implies that he is aware of how Sirius Black was supposedly involved in the deaths of Harry's parents, also taunts Harry", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "9017468", "text": "was released in November 2010, and \"Part 2\" was released in July 2011. Five of the series' eight films are among the 50 highest-grossing films of all time, with \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\" the highest-grossing film in the series and one of 36 films to gross over $1 billion, ranking at number ten. Without inflation adjustment, it is the third highest-grossing film series with $7.7 billion in worldwide receipts. Late in 1997, film producer David Heyman's London offices received a copy of the first book in what would become Rowling's series of seven \"Harry Potter\"", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "547955", "text": "of Waverly Place\", during the episodes \"Wizard School Part 1\" and \"Wizard School Part 2\", in which Alex and Justin Russo go to a wizarding school named Wiz-tech, where everyone wears yellow and black robes, and glasses reminiscent of Harry Potter. Draco also appears as Sacco (played by Shane Lyons) in the \"Harry Bladder\" sketches in \"All That\", in which Harry Bladder and other students often encounter Sacco's mischief-making. In the stage production \"Harry Potter and the Obnoxious Voice\", Malfoy is seen interacting with Hagrid and a dementor. Draco was also parodied in a Big Bite sketch, where he was", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "9017517", "text": "was released by Warner Bros. on 11 July 2007 in English-speaking countries, except for the UK and Ireland, which released the movie on 12 July. The sixth, \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\", was released on 15 July 2009 to critical acclaim and finished its theatrical run ranked as the number two grossing film of 2009 on the worldwide charts. The final novel, \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\", was split into two cinematic parts: \"Part 1\" was released on 19 November 2010, and \"Part 2\", the conclusion to both the final film and the series, was released on 15", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "1418137", "text": "after the death of Richard Harris. (Harris had also played Maigret on television four years before Gambon took that role.) Gambon reprised the role of Dumbledore in \"Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire\", which was released in November 2005 in the United Kingdom and the United States. He returned to the role again in the fifth film, 2007's \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\", and the sixth film, \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\". He appeared in the seventh film; \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Parts I and II\", released in two parts in 2010 and", "title": "Michael Gambon" }, { "id": "3276413", "text": "becomes fast friends with classmates Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, and foils Voldemort's attempt to steal the Philosopher's Stone. He also forms a rivalry with characters Draco Malfoy, a classmate from an elitist wizarding family, and the cold, condescending Potions master, Severus Snape, Draco's mentor and the head of Slytherin House. Both feuds continue throughout the series and are settled at the series's end (Draco's in the West End play Harry Potter and the Cursed Child and Snape's on his deathbed in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. In a 1999 interview, Rowling stated that Draco is based on several", "title": "Harry Potter (character)" }, { "id": "1371329", "text": "as a witch and to confront Molly's consumption with \"maternal love\" and Bellatrix's obsession with Voldemort. In the film series, Bellatrix is played by Helena Bonham Carter. Helen McCrory auditioned for the role in the fifth film but dropped out due to pregnancy, making Bonham Carter win the role. McCrory was cast as her sister Narcissa Malfoy in the final three films instead. IGN listed Bellatrix Lestrange as their tenth top \"Harry Potter\" character, and IGN's Joe Utichi listed Bellatrix as his fourth favourite \"Harry Potter\" character, calling her the \"most pitiable\" of Voldemort's servants. In NextMovie.com's \"Harry Potter\" Mega", "title": "Death Eater" }, { "id": "3276436", "text": "after Voldemort's defeat, Harry joins the \"reshuffled\" Auror Department under Kingsley Shacklebolt's mentoring, and ends up eventually rising to become Head of said department in 2007. Rowling said that his old rival Draco has a grudging gratitude towards Harry for saving his life in the final battle, but the two are not friends. In the eight \"Harry Potter\" films screened from 2001 to 2011, Harry Potter has been portrayed by British actor Daniel Radcliffe. Radcliffe was asked to audition for the role of Harry in 2000 by producer David Heyman, while in attendance at a play titled \"Stones in His", "title": "Harry Potter (character)" }, { "id": "5621387", "text": "Simon Fisher-Becker Simon Fisher-Becker, Viscount of William & Mona (born 25 November 1961) is an English stage, television and film actor, specialising in comedy and character parts. His more notable roles include Tony Fazackerley in Puppy Love for the BBC, The Fat Friar in the Harry Potter film \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", and Dorium Maldovar in series 5 and 6 of \"Doctor Who\". A versatile character actor, Fisher-Becker's work has covered a wide spectrum, from Shakespeare to pantomime, film, television, radio and theatre. He was born at Paddington General Hospital and raised by his grandparents in Ruislip. He", "title": "Simon Fisher-Becker" }, { "id": "1354271", "text": "in the lead role in all eight films culminating with the final film in the series, \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\", released in 2011. Radcliffe became one of the highest paid actors in the world during the filming of the Potter films, earned worldwide fame, popularity, and critical acclaim for his role, and received many accolades for his performance in the series. Following the success of Harry Potter, his recent notable films and roles include lawyer Arthur Kipps in the Edwardian horror film \"The Woman in Black\" (2012), famed beat poet Allen Ginsberg in the independent", "title": "Daniel Radcliffe" }, { "id": "6099745", "text": "In 2018, he will appear in the Netflix Coen brothers series \"The Ballad of Buster Scruggs\". Ineson's Hollywood film credits include \"First Knight\", \"From Hell\", Shopping (1994) he played Dix \"Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll\" and a brief role in \"The Damned United\". He played Amycus Carrow, a Death Eater, in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\", \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1\" and \"Part 2\". He also appeared in the 2008 film Cass, as Sergeant Mullins. In 2014, he appeared in the Marvel Studios film \"Guardians of the Galaxy.\" Also in 2014, he had", "title": "Ralph Ineson" }, { "id": "15757916", "text": "to go back in time to Harry Potter's first year at Hogwarts to destroy him before he becomes a bigger threat than he already is. The musical was performed May 14-16, 2010, on the University of Michigan campus. It was produced by StarKid Productions and directed by Matt Lang. The musical starred Darren Criss as Harry Potter, Joey Richter as Ron Weasley, Bonnie Gruesen as Hermione Granger, Lauren Lopez as Draco Malfoy, and Joe Walker as Dolores Umbridge. The video version of the musical premiered in its entirety at Infinitus, a Harry Potter convention. The video premiered on YouTube July", "title": "A Very Potter Sequel" }, { "id": "9821345", "text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 is a 2010 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the first of two cinematic parts based on J. K. Rowling's 2007 novel of the same name and features an ensemble cast. The film, which is the seventh and penultimate instalment in the \"Harry Potter\" film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint and Emma Watson,", "title": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1" }, { "id": "16359277", "text": "his sister Ami passed the role to him, after the first film's release in India. Fans consider that the Hindi dubbing role of Harry Potter throughout the second through fifth films, is arguably his best known dubbing role in his career to date. He has performed the Hindi voice dub-over Harry Potter on four of the Harry Potter films, along with his colleagues, Rajshree Nath (Later replaced by Parignya Pandya in the third film and onwards), Nachiket Dighe, Prasad Barve, Saumya Daan, Rishabh Shukla, Dilip Sinha, Anil Datt, Vikrant Chaturvedi and Ali Khan, who voices Hermione Granger, Ronald Weasley, Draco", "title": "Karan Trivedi" }, { "id": "10600822", "text": "They are often backed up by a BOSS Dr. Rhythm drum machine (both live and in studio recordings). \"Draco and the Malfoys\" have toured with Harry and the Potters and both bands usually charge $5 to $10 for tickets to their shows, though some performances are free. Draco and the Malfoys put their songs on Apple's iTunes for download and have created a MySpace page (see external links). Draco and the Malfoys Draco and the Malfoys are a wizard rock band founded in Woonsocket, Rhode Island in 2004. The group is composed of half-brothers Brian Ross and Bradley Mehlenbacher, who", "title": "Draco and the Malfoys" }, { "id": "547954", "text": "\"Malfoy, Goyle and Crabbe are almost irredeemably bad\", Malfoy, unlike his companions, \"is reasonably stylish\". IGN listed Malfoy as their ninth top \"Harry Potter\" character. Wizard-rock band Draco and the Malfoys' lyrics are inspired by the \"Harry Potter\" books but from Draco Malfoy's point of view. As well as Harry and the Potters, the members of Draco and the Malfoys dress themselves as Hogwarts students, in this case in Slytherin-themed costumes. The band is one of about 750 bands of young musicians playing music inspired by the \"Harry Potter\" series. Draco is parodied as Jerko Phoenix in the series \"Wizards", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "3160449", "text": "IMAX release. In January 2006, \"The Goblet of Fire\" surpassed the box office takings of \"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets\" (2002) to become the eighth-highest-grossing film worldwide, and the second-highest-grossing film in the \" Harry Potter\" series, behind \"The Philosopher's Stone\". , it has been the sixth-highest-grossing \"Harry Potter\" film behind \"The Philosopher's Stone\", \"The Order of the Phoenix\" and \"The Half-Blood Prince\", \"The Deathly Hallows – Part 1\", and \"The Deathly Hallows – Part 2\". The film ranks third in the North American box office behind \"\" and \"\" for 2005, with US$290 million, although both films", "title": "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)" }, { "id": "5621456", "text": "a director, and Casper, also an actor. He attended Christ Church Cathedral School and Abingdon School in Oxfordshire in the 1980s. He studied drama at the University of Manchester from 1986 to 1989, and at L'École Internationale de Théâtre Jacques Lecoq in Paris from 1989 to 1991. Jones has appeared in more than 20 films since his first acting role in the 1992 film \"Orlando\". He voiced Dobby in two \"Harry Potter\" films: \"Chamber of Secrets\" (2002) and \"The Deathly Hallows – Part 1\" (2010). He played Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury in the HBO/Channel 4 production \"Elizabeth I\".", "title": "Toby Jones" }, { "id": "20971017", "text": "Jim Broadbent filmography The filmography of Jim Broadbent lists all of actor Jim Broadbent's appearances and roles in television and in movies. For his film career, Broadbent has won both an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award (both for \"Iris\" (2001)) and a BAFTA for \"Moulin Rouge!\" For his television career Broadbent has won both a Golden Globe and a BAFTA TV Award (both for \"Longford\" (2006)) and an Emmy for \"The Street\". Broadbent's roles are varied from his roles as Malcom \"Santa\" Claus in \"Arthur Christmas\" and Horace Slughorn in \"Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince\" and", "title": "Jim Broadbent filmography" }, { "id": "17651777", "text": "Frank Dillane Frank Stephenson Dillane (born 21 April 1991) is an English actor, best known for his portrayal of Nick Clark on \"Fear the Walking Dead\" (2015–2018), and for playing Tom Riddle in the film \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" (2009). He also appeared as Owen Coffin in the film \"In the Heart of the Sea\" (2015). Dillane was born in London, England. He spent part of his childhood in Brixton, before moving to East Sussex, where he grew up in a creative environment. His mother, Naomi Wirthner, is Afro-Jamaican. Wirthner manages a theatre company called The Barebones Project.", "title": "Frank Dillane" }, { "id": "13583351", "text": "Freddie Stroma Frederic Wilhelm C.J. Sjöström (born 8 January 1987), known professionally as Freddie Stroma, is a British actor and model, best known for playing Cormac McLaggen in the \"Harry Potter\" film series and Luke in the 2011 musical comedy film \"\". He starred as Adam Cromwell on the dramedy series \"Unreal\", which premiered on Lifetime in June 2015. He starred as Brit Vayner in the 2016 Michael Bay war film, \"\". In 2016, he played H.G. Wells in the ABC series, \"Time After Time\". He has been married to his \"Unreal\" co-star Johanna Braddy since 2016. Stroma was born", "title": "Freddie Stroma" }, { "id": "8224488", "text": "Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui\" and \"Fanny and Alexander\". He was also the subject of BBC Radio 3 Private Passions. Corduner has provided voices for various video game characters, notably the first, second, third and fifth \"Harry Potter\" video games (namely as, among others, Severus Snape, Lucius Malfoy, Fillius Flitwick and Argus Filch). He also voiced Apus, the pet parrot belonging to Queen Cassiopeia, the primary antagonist, for the English version of \"Ni no Kuni: Wrath of the White White\" which released in February 2013. In 2015, Corduner voiced Old Hunter Gehrman in \"Bloodborne\". Corduner is also known for solo", "title": "Allan Corduner" }, { "id": "3604653", "text": "Fan Book of HP Fans\", yet another fandom project based on submissions that has recently extended its submission deadline date. The Wizard Rockumentary: A Movie about Rocking and Rowling is a feature documentary chronicling the rise of Harry Potter tribute bands. Producers Megan and Mallory Schuyler travelled around the United States compiling interviews and concert footage of bands including Harry and the Potters, Draco and the Malfoys, The Remus Lupins, The Whomping Willow, The Moaning Myrtles, Roonil Wazlib, Snidget, and The Hermione Crookshanks Experience. The film was released in April 2008 and has screened in libraries around the country. The", "title": "Harry Potter fandom" }, { "id": "1470062", "text": "Ralph Fiennes Ralph Nathaniel Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes (; born 22 December 1962) is an English actor, film producer and director, particularly known for his portrayal of the villainous Lord Voldemort in the \"Harry Potter\" film series. A Shakespeare interpreter, he first achieved success onstage at the Royal National Theatre. Fiennes' portrayal of Nazi war criminal Amon Göth in \"Schindler's List\" (1993) earned him nominations for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor, and he won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role. His performance as Count Almásy in \"The English Patient\"", "title": "Ralph Fiennes" }, { "id": "3160315", "text": "The film was released to cinemas in the United Kingdom and United States on 16 November 2001. It became a critical and commercial success, grossing $974.8 million at the box office worldwide. The highest-grossing film of 2001, it is the 37th highest-grossing of all-time (2nd at the time of its release) and the second most successful instalment of the \"Harry Potter\" series behind \"Deathly Hallows – Part 2\". The film was nominated for many awards, including Academy Awards for Best Original Score, Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design. It was followed by seven sequels, beginning with \"Harry Potter and", "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)" }, { "id": "9017467", "text": "Grint, and Emma Watson as the three leading characters: Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Granger. Four directors worked on the series: Chris Columbus, Alfonso Cuarón, Mike Newell, and David Yates. Michael Goldenberg wrote the screenplay for \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\" (2007), while the remaining films had their screenplays written by Steve Kloves. Production took place over ten years, with the main story arc following Harry Potter's quest to overcome his arch-enemy Lord Voldemort. \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\", the seventh and final novel in the series, was adapted into two feature-length parts. \"Part 1\"", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "13672174", "text": "In 2007, he played American teen spy Chad Turner in an episode of CBBC children's spy-fi adventure series \"M.I. High\". He continued to pursue his acting career in 2009, when he played Michael Walton in Stephen Poliakoff's period drama \"Glorious 39\". One of his most notable roles was in a science fiction drama \"Mr. Nobody\", premiered in 2009. He played eponymous character Nemo Nobody (in his teenage years). He also played young Albus Dumbledore in the film \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1\" and will reprise the role in the 2018 film \"\". He made his stage", "title": "Toby Regbo" }, { "id": "3126822", "text": "Matthew Lewis (actor) Matthew David Lewis (born 27 June 1989) is an English film, television and stage actor, best known for playing Neville Longbottom in the \"Harry Potter\" films, Jamie Bradley in \"The Syndicate\" and Corporal Gordon \"Towerblock\" House in the BBC Three comedy drama \"Bluestone 42\". The son of Adrian Lewis and Lynda Needham, Lewis was born in the city of Leeds, West Yorkshire, and raised in the nearby town of Horsforth. He was born the youngest of three boys, and has two brothers: Chris Lewis and actor Anthony Lewis. He attended St Mary's Menston Catholic Voluntary Academy. Lewis", "title": "Matthew Lewis (actor)" }, { "id": "867022", "text": "Passion of Judith Hearne\" (1988), a BAFTA for Best Supporting Actress for \"Tea With Mussolini\" (1999), and three Golden Globe Awards. A six-time Oscar nominee, her other nominations were for \"Othello\" (1965), \"Travels with My Aunt\" (1972), \"A Room with a View\" (1986), and \"Gosford Park\" (2001). Smith played Professor Minerva McGonagall in the \"Harry Potter\" film series (2001–2011). Other notable films include \"Love and Pain and the Whole Damn Thing\" (1973), \"Death on the Nile\" (1978), \"Clash of the Titans\" (1981), \"Evil Under the Sun\" (1982), \"Hook\" (1991), \"Sister Act\" (1992), \"The Secret Garden\" (1993), \"The Best Exotic Marigold", "title": "Maggie Smith" }, { "id": "248746", "text": "Playhouse, Neptune, Royal Court and Unity theatres. The Everyman and Playhouse are now both part of one company, and both houses produce their own work as well as receiving touring productions. The Everyman was rebuilt between 2011 and 2014, with the previous building being demolished and a new venue constructed on the same site. Some notable actors from Liverpool include; Rex Harrison (Henry Higgins in \"My Fair Lady\"), Tom Baker (fourth incarnation of the Doctor in \"Doctor Who\") and Jason Isaacs (Lucius Malfoy in the \"Harry Potter\" films). Liverpool has a thriving and varied nightlife, with the majority of the", "title": "Liverpool" }, { "id": "9017530", "text": "in the \"Harry Potter\" franchise — \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\", \"Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire\", \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\", \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" and \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\", Parts 1 & 2 — have to date grossed around $216 million in IMAX theaters worldwide. The \"Harry Potter\" films and their success have been retrospectively considered to have had a significant impact on the film industry. They are cited as having helped redefine the Hollywood blockbuster in the 21st century by initiating a shift toward established media franchises", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "9017529", "text": "the film achieved a win for Best Special Visual Effects. , the \"Harry Potter\" film series is the 3rd highest-grossing film franchise of all time, with the eight films released grossing over $7.7 billion worldwide. Without adjusting for inflation, this is higher than the first 22 \"James Bond\" films and the six films in the \"Star Wars\" franchise. Chris Columbus's \"Philosopher's Stone\" became the highest-grossing \"Harry Potter\" film worldwide upon completing its theatrical run in 2002, but it was eventually topped by David Yates's \"Deathly Hallows – Part 2\", while Alfonso Cuarón's \"Prisoner of Azkaban\" grossed the least. Six films", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "15648892", "text": "of 14 nominations, and won in the Best Scream-Play, Best Fantasy Actor (Daniel Radcliffe), Best Villain (Ralph Fiennes), Best F/X, and Holy Sht scene of the Year categories. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is a 2011 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the second of two cinematic parts based on J. K. Rowling's 2007 novel of the same name. The film, which is the eighth and final instalment in the \"Harry Potter\" film series, was written by Steve Kloves", "title": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2" }, { "id": "1320530", "text": "her performance. In 2004, \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\" was released. Watson was appreciative of the more assertive role Hermione played, calling her character \"charismatic\" and \"a fantastic role to play\". Although critics panned Radcliffe's performance, labelling him \"wooden\", they praised Watson; \"The New York Times\" lauded her performance, saying \"Luckily Mr. Radcliffe's blandness is offset by Ms. Watson's spiky impatience. Harry may show off his expanding wizardly skills ... but Hermione ... earns the loudest applause with a decidedly unmagical punch to Draco Malfoy's deserving nose.\" Although \"Prisoner of Azkaban\" proved to be the lowest-grossing \"Harry Potter\"", "title": "Emma Watson" }, { "id": "547920", "text": "during her school days. Harry first encounters Draco's snobbish bigotry after their initial encounter at Madam Malkin's. (The character of the school bully is a recurring character in the School story genre, going back to Flashman in \"Tom Brown's School Days\".) Rowling uses the Malfoys to introduce themes of intolerance and bigotry into a setting where people are often judged solely by their blood lineage rather than their good character or accomplishments. Draco, adhering to his family's beliefs, thinks that Muggle-born witches and wizards, which he and other characters derogatorily describe by the epithet \"Mudbloods\", should be denied a magical", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "797514", "text": "Looking Glass\", the sequel to \"Alice in Wonderland\". Depp was secretly cast to play Gellert Grindelwald in a cameo appearance in the 2016 film \"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\", a role he is expected to reprise in all future sequels. Grindelwald is a dark wizard who once shared a close relationship with Albus Dumbledore, a major character in the \"Harry Potter\" film series. In November 2016, Depp teamed with David Lynch, JK Simmons, Laura Dern, Penelope Ann Miller, Chad Coleman, Richard Chamberlain, Catherine Hardwicke, Theodore Melfi, Sam Raimi, Peter Farrelly, and the non-profit Make A Film Foundation for", "title": "Johnny Depp" }, { "id": "2475142", "text": "friends, who I'd thought were slightly backward, had been so addicted to these children's books. They're like crack.\" In \"The Naked and the Dead\", an article published in the \"San Francisco Chronicle\", on 26 November 2006, Neva Chonin names the character Lucius Malfoy one of the 12 \"Sexiest Men Who Were Never Alive\" and Isaacs one of the 13 \"Sexiest Men Who Are Real and Alive\". Prior to the making of the film, when asked whether or not he would be in \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\" (2007), Isaacs replied, \"I hope so – you'll have to", "title": "Jason Isaacs" }, { "id": "547922", "text": "In an article published in 2002, Nilsen and Nilsen argue that \"Draco\" has connotations with \"draconian\", and that his name starts with \"mal\", a French prefix for \"bad\" or \"evil\". Many of Draco's relatives on his mother's side of the family (the Blacks) are named for stars or constellations (e.g., Sirius Black, Regulus Black, Andromeda Black Tonks, Bellatrix Black Lestrange, Cygnus Black, Orion Black). Another constellation is Draco (the Dragon). Draco Malfoy eventually named his son for yet another constellation, Scorpius. Draco Malfoy makes his first appearance in the series when he and Harry meet while being fitted for school", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "3160358", "text": "the Chamber of Secrets, unleashing a monster that petrifies the school's denizens. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger and is also the last film to feature Richard Harris as Professor Albus Dumbledore, due to his death that same year. The film was released in theatres in the United Kingdom and the United States on 15 November 2002. It became a critical and commercial success, grossing $879 million at the box office worldwide. It was the second highest-grossing film of 2002 behind \"\". The movie was nominated", "title": "Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (film)" }, { "id": "1785377", "text": "Fiona Shaw Fiona Shaw (born Fiona Mary Wilson; 10 July 1958) is an Irish actress and theatre and opera director, known for her role as Petunia Dursley in the \"Harry Potter\" film series and her role as Marnie Stonebrook in season four of the HBO series \"True Blood\" (2011). She has worked extensively with the Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre, twice winning the Olivier Award for Best Actress; for various roles including \"Electra\" in 1990, and for \"Machinal\" in 1994. She won the 1997 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance for \"The Waste Land\". Her other stage", "title": "Fiona Shaw" }, { "id": "5975315", "text": "as Falstaff in \"The Merry Wives of Windsor\". Christopher Benjamin Christopher Benjamin (born 27 December 1934) is an English actor, well known for portraying Henry Gordon Jago in \"Doctor Who\". He also provided the voice of Rowf in the animated film \"The Plague Dogs\" (1982). Benjamin was born in Trowbridge, Wiltshire, England. He is well known for his roles in some of the UK's biggest cult television programmes. This included playing the same character (\"Potter\") in two Patrick McGoohan dramas, \"Danger Man\" and \"The Prisoner\", fuelling speculation that they are possibly linked. He played the Old Man (boss of Philip", "title": "Christopher Benjamin" }, { "id": "3126823", "text": "has been acting since he was five years old. He started off with minor roles in television programmes, debuting in \"Some Kind of Life\". He then went on to play Neville Longbottom in the eight Harry Potter films. During the filming of \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\", Helena Bonham Carter, who portrays the character Bellatrix Lestrange, accidentally ruptured Lewis's eardrum when she stuck her wand in his ear. The author of the \"Harry Potter \"series, J. K. Rowling, gave a speech during the final world premiere of \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2\" on 7", "title": "Matthew Lewis (actor)" }, { "id": "6099748", "text": "\"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\", and gave his voice and likeness for the infamous pirate Charles Vane in \"\". He is a supporter of Leeds United, and is a member of the Leeds United Supporters' Trust. He has been married to Ali Ineson, editor of make-up artist magazine Warpaint, since 1993, and they have two children. Ralph Ineson Ralph Michael Ineson (born 15 December 1969) is an English actor, best known as Dagmer Cleftjaw in \"Game of Thrones\", Amycus Carrow in the last three \"Harry Potter\" films, Colonel Ansiv Garmuth in \"\", William in \"The Witch\"", "title": "Ralph Ineson" }, { "id": "9017514", "text": "textbook, inscribed 'This is the property of the Half-Blood Prince'. Draco Malfoy struggles to carry out a deed presented to him by Voldemort. Meanwhile, Dumbledore and Harry secretly work together to discover the method on how to destroy the Dark Lord once and for all. After unexpected events at the end of the previous year, Harry, Ron, and Hermione are entrusted with a quest to find and destroy Lord Voldemort's secret to immortality – the Horcruxes. It is supposed to be their final year at Hogwarts, but the collapse of the Ministry of Magic and Voldemort's rise to power prevents", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "id": "3501726", "text": "film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. It is the sequel to \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\" and is followed by \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1\". Filming began on 24 September 2007, leading to the film's worldwide cinematic release on 15 July 2009, one day short of the fourth anniversary of the corresponding novel's release. The film was simultaneously released in regular cinemas and IMAX 3D everywhere except North America, where its IMAX release was delayed for two", "title": "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)" }, { "id": "7634411", "text": "Virtue\" (2008), and featured in the 2014 film \"Pride\", directed by Matthew Warchus. Jim McManus (actor) Jim McManus is a British actor who has starred in various television, stage and film roles, including \"Tipping the Velvet\", \"Lawless Heart\" and \"Only Fools and Horses\". In the 1970s he appeared in the \"Doctor Who\" serial \"The Invisible Enemy\". He has also starred in the popular television drama \"Heartbeat\" and twice in critically acclaimed drama \"Minder\". McManus briefly played Aberforth Dumbledore in the fifth Harry Potter film, \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\" in 2007. He also had roles in \"Silver", "title": "Jim McManus (actor)" }, { "id": "10758878", "text": "in the American communist newspaper \"People's Weekly World\". In an act commemorating the Holocaust, actor Daniel Radcliffe, whose mother is Jewish, donated his first pair of Harry Potter glasses to an art exhibition inspired by a famous World War II photo of a mangled mountain of spectacles of victims of ethnic cleansing. Radcliffe's \"Potter\" co-star Jason Isaacs, who played Lucius Malfoy in the films, himself a Jewish Briton, was due to participate in the commemorations on National Holocaust Memorial Day, leading a service at Liverpool's Philharmonic Hall. Aviva Chomsky (daughter of famed academic Noam Chomsky) in the \"Providence Journal\" suggests", "title": "Politics of Harry Potter" }, { "id": "7634410", "text": "Jim McManus (actor) Jim McManus is a British actor who has starred in various television, stage and film roles, including \"Tipping the Velvet\", \"Lawless Heart\" and \"Only Fools and Horses\". In the 1970s he appeared in the \"Doctor Who\" serial \"The Invisible Enemy\". He has also starred in the popular television drama \"Heartbeat\" and twice in critically acclaimed drama \"Minder\". McManus briefly played Aberforth Dumbledore in the fifth Harry Potter film, \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\" in 2007. He also had roles in \"Silver Dream Racer\" (1980), \"Just Ask for Diamond\" (1988), \"Buddy's Song\" (1991) and \"Easy", "title": "Jim McManus (actor)" }, { "id": "5725280", "text": "Mike Newell in collecting the Michael Balcon Award for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema on behalf of all the films in the series. Actors Rupert Grint and Emma Watson, who play main characters Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, were also in attendance. A new series consisting of five films, beginning with \"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\", will take place before the main series. The first film was released on 18 November 2016 and the next two are due to be released in 2018 and 2020. Rowling wrote the screenplay for the first instalment, marking her first foray into", "title": "Harry Potter" }, { "id": "547930", "text": "Room of Requirement, Draco earns Slytherin fifty points after catching Harry, and helps hold several members captive in Umbridge's office, letting them free only after Ginny Weasley performs her famous Bat Bogey Hex. After his father and other Death Eaters are captured and sentenced to Azkaban following the events at the Department of Mysteries, Draco twice attempts to get revenge on Harry, but Snape and Minerva McGonagall thwart his first effort, and while returning home on the Hogwarts Express, Draco, Crabbe, and Goyle are transformed into giant slugs by a barrage of hexes cast by several D.A. members coming to", "title": "Draco Malfoy" }, { "id": "5975312", "text": "Christopher Benjamin Christopher Benjamin (born 27 December 1934) is an English actor, well known for portraying Henry Gordon Jago in \"Doctor Who\". He also provided the voice of Rowf in the animated film \"The Plague Dogs\" (1982). Benjamin was born in Trowbridge, Wiltshire, England. He is well known for his roles in some of the UK's biggest cult television programmes. This included playing the same character (\"Potter\") in two Patrick McGoohan dramas, \"Danger Man\" and \"The Prisoner\", fuelling speculation that they are possibly linked. He played the Old Man (boss of Philip Roath) in the Thames Television comedy by \"Peter", "title": "Christopher Benjamin" }, { "id": "3604622", "text": "handsome men portraying them.\" And that's the truth: It's very hard not to look at Alan Rickman [Professor Severus Snape] and Jason Isaacs [Lucius Malfoy] and not get erotic thoughts. I have some fan fiction at Fiction Alley. You want to write stories about the characters that J.K. is not writing, about their love lives that you don't see in the book.' In November 2006, Jason Isaacs, who plays Lucius Malfoy in the \"Potter\" films, said that he had read fan fiction about his character and gets \"a huge kick out of the more far-out stuff.\" Prior to the publication", "title": "Harry Potter fandom" }, { "id": "2976606", "text": "Kelly Macdonald Kelly Macdonald (born 23 February 1976) is a Scottish actress who is best known for her roles in the films \"Trainspotting\" (1996), \"Gosford Park\" (2001), \"Intermission\" (2003), \"Nanny McPhee\" (2005), \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\" (2011), and \"Brave\" (2012). For the 2005 TV film \"The Girl in the Cafe\", she was nominated for a Golden Globe and won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or Movie. In 2003, she appeared in the acclaimed BBC miniseries \"State of Play\" as journalist Della Smith. For her role in the 2007 film \"No", "title": "Kelly Macdonald" }, { "id": "9017516", "text": "the Wizarding and Muggle worlds. The rights for the first four novels in the series were sold to Warner Bros. for £1,000,000 by J.K. Rowling. After the release of the fourth book in July 2000, the first film, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", was released on 16 November 2001. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $90 million in the United States alone, which set a record opening worldwide. The succeeding three motion picture adaptations followed suit in financial success, while garnering positive reviews from fans and critics. The fifth film, \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\",", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" } ]	who played draco malfoy in the harry potter movies
[ "Mexico" ]	[ { "id": "215671", "text": "Brazil and Paraguay, and the biggest importers were the US and Germany. The jaguar is listed on CITES Appendix I, which means that all international trade in jaguars or their body parts is prohibited. Hunting jaguars is prohibited in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, the United States, and Venezuela. Hunting jaguars is restricted in Guatemala and Peru. Trophy hunting is still permitted in Bolivia, and it is not protected in Ecuador or Guyana. Jaguar conservation is complicated because of the species' large range spanning 18 countries with different policies and regulations. Specific areas of high", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215628", "text": "of habitat. Overall, the jaguar is the largest native cat species of the New World and the third largest in the world. This spotted cat closely resembles the leopard, but is usually larger and sturdier. It ranges across a variety of forested and open terrains, but its preferred habitat is tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest, swamps and wooded regions. The jaguar enjoys swimming and is largely a solitary, opportunistic, stalk-and-ambush predator at the top of the food chain. As a keystone species it plays an important role in stabilizing ecosystems and regulating prey populations. While international trade in jaguars", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215642", "text": "included in this range are Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica (particularly on the Osa Peninsula), Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, the United States and Venezuela. It is now locally extinct in El Salvador and Uruguay. The jaguar has been an American cat since crossing the Bering Land Bridge during the Pleistocene epoch; the immediate ancestor of modern animals is \"Panthera onca augusta\", which was larger than the contemporary cat. It occurs in the 400 km² Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary in Belize, the 5,300 km² Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve in Mexico, the approximately 15,000", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215681", "text": "warrior class known as the Jaguar Knights. In Aztec mythology, the jaguar was considered to be the totem animal of the powerful deity Tezcatlipoca. The jaguar and its name are widely used as a symbol in contemporary culture. It is the national animal of Guyana, and is featured in its coat of arms. The flag of the Department of Amazonas, a Colombian department, features a black jaguar silhouette pouncing towards a hunter. The jaguar also appears in banknotes of Brazilian real. The jaguar is also a common fixture in the mythology of many contemporary native cultures in South America, usually", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215627", "text": "Jaguar The jaguar (\"Panthera onca\") is a wild cat species and the only extant member of the genus \"Panthera\" native to the Americas. The jaguar's present range extends from Southwestern United States and Mexico in North America, across much of Central America, and south to Paraguay and northern Argentina in South America. Though there are single cats now living within the western United States, the species has largely been extirpated from the United States since the early 20th century. It is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List; and its numbers are declining. Threats include loss and fragmentation", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215635", "text": "in Colombia. IUCN Red List assessors for the species and members of the Cat Specialist Group do not recognize any jaguar subspecies as valid. The following table is based on the former classification of the species provided in \"Mammal Species of the World\". The jaguar is a compact and well-muscled animal. It is the largest cat native to the Americas and the third largest in the world, exceeded in size by the tiger and lion. Its coat is generally a tawny yellow, but ranges to reddish-brown, for most of the body. The ventral areas are white. The fur is covered", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215644", "text": "state that fit the description of this cat. In the early 20th century, the jaguar's range extended as far north as the Grand Canyon and possibly Colorado, and as far west as Monterey in Northern California. The jaguar is a protected species in the United States under the Endangered Species Act, which has stopped the shooting of the animal for its pelt. Jaguar skins are also treated as illegal contraband by the US government and otherwise by and large Americans have stopped wearing fur coats made of the pelts of spotted cats as citizens are aware of the international plight", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "19957271", "text": "citing \"bypassed environmental laws, habitat destruction, and losses to conservation and scientific research\", in a report published in the scientific journal BioScience thousands of scientists \"expressed alarm\" over the expansion of the U.S.-Mexico border wall. The report has 16 co-authors and as of July 24, 2,700, signatures from almost 50 countries. Among the threatened species are the jaguar (the largest cat native to North America), the ocelot (30 pound cats that could be making a comeback), the Mexican wolf (the smallest gray wolf in North America), the Sonoran pronghorn (related to giraffes, they can run 60 mph and are North", "title": "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration" }, { "id": "215649", "text": "of Mexico, and the southwestern United States. The cat will range across tropical, subtropical, and dry deciduous forests (including, historically, oak forests in the United States). The jaguar prefers to live by rivers, swamps, and in dense rainforest with thick cover for stalking prey. Jaguars have been found at elevations as high as 3,800 m, but they typically avoid montane forest and are not found in the high plateau of central Mexico or in the Andes. The jaguars preferred habitats are usually swamps and wooded regions, but jaguars also live in scrublands and deserts. The adult jaguar is an apex", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215643", "text": "km Manú National Park in Peru, the approximately 26,000 km Xingu National Park in Brazil, and numerous other reserves throughout its range. The inclusion of the United States in the list is based on occasional sightings in the southwest, particularly in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. There are rock drawings made by the Hopi, Anasazi, and Pueblo all over the desert and chaparral regions. There are records of the beast being sold for its pelt in the vicinity of San Antonio, Texas for $18 apiece in the mid 19th century and there are records from well before California was a", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "12268369", "text": "the Wall Street Journal reported that Jaguar Land Rover, sold a record 425,006 vehicles in 2013 as demand for its luxury vehicles increased in all major markets including in China, North America and Europe. It sold a total of 604,009 vehicles during 2017, comprising 431,161 Land Rover vehicles and 172,848 Jaguar vehicles. Jaguar Land Rover Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC is the holding company of Jaguar Land Rover Limited, a British multinational automotive company with its headquarters in Whitley, Coventry, United Kingdom, and a subsidiary of Indian automotive company Tata Motors. The principal activity of Jaguar Land Rover Limited is", "title": "Jaguar Land Rover" }, { "id": "215648", "text": "Ice age fossils of the jaguar, dated between 40,000 and 11,500 years ago, have been discovered in the United States, including some at an important site as far north as Missouri. Fossil evidence shows jaguars of up to , much larger than the contemporary average for the animal. The habitat of the cat typically includes the rain forests of South and Central America, open, seasonally flooded wetlands, and dry grassland terrain. Of these habitats, the jaguar much prefers dense forest; the cat has lost range most rapidly in regions of drier habitat, such as the Argentine pampas, the arid grasslands", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "12698407", "text": "Jaguar Conservation Fund The Jaguar Conservation Fund (JCF), known in Portuguese as (IOP), was founded in June 2002 by a group of researchers with a strong background of work dedicated to the species. Its mission is “To promote the conservation of the jaguar, its natural prey and habitat throughout the species' geographical range, as well as its peaceful coexistence with man, through research and conservation strategies\". The largest part (48%) of the jaguar’s geographical distribution, which extends from northern Argentina to the southwestern United States, lies within Brazil. However, although nationally considered endangered, until the foundation of the JCF few", "title": "Jaguar Conservation Fund" }, { "id": "215682", "text": "being portrayed as the creature which gave humans the power over fire. Jaguar is widely used as a product name, most prominently for a British luxury car brand. The name has been adopted by sports franchises, including the NFL's Jacksonville Jaguars and the Mexican soccer club Chiapas F.C. The crest of Argentina's national federation in rugby union features a jaguar; however, because of a journalist error, the country's national team is nicknamed \"Los Pumas\". In the spirit of the ancient Mayan culture, the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City adopted a red jaguar as the first official Olympic mascot. Jaguar The", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "20460906", "text": "injured 2 other alpacas and a fox, before being captured about an hour after its escape was notified. The killings were apparently the result of a territorial dispute. Its behaviour was not deemed to be abnormal for its species. In North America, the jaguar ranges from the southern part of the United States in the north, to the southern part of Central America in the south. Recently, jaguars of Mexican origin have been spotted in Arizona. Prior to that, the Arizona jaguar was treated as a cryptid cat. In 1799, Thomas Jefferson recorded the jaguar as an animal of the", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "215641", "text": "yet conclusive on this. Melanistic jaguars (or \"black\" jaguars) occur primarily in parts of South America, and are virtually unknown in wild populations residing in the subtropical and temperate regions of North America; they have never been documented north of Mexico's Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Extremely rare albino individuals, sometimes called white panthers, also occur among jaguars, as with the other big cats. As usual with albinos in the wild, selection keeps the frequency close to the rate of mutation. At present, the jaguar's range extends from Mexico through Central America to South America, including much of Amazonian Brazil. The countries", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215677", "text": "habitat space the species requires, so if ecotourism is used to aid in jaguar conservation, some considerations need to be made as to how existing ecosystems will be kept intact, or how new ecosystems that are large enough to support a growing jaguar population will be put into place. The only extant cat native to North America that roars, the jaguar was recorded as an animal of the Americas by Thomas Jefferson in 1799. Jaguars are still occasionally sighted in Arizona and New Mexico, such as El Jefe, prompting actions for its conservation by authorities. For example, on August 20,", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "406835", "text": "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and the tiger became a symbol of the unrecognised state of Tamil Eelam and Tamil independence movement. The Bengal tiger is the national animal of India and Bangladesh. The Malaysian tiger is the national animal of Malaysia. The Siberian tiger is the national animal of South Korea. Since the successful economies of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore were described as the Four Asian Tigers, a tiger economy is a metaphor for a nation in rapid development. A to Z Essays : Essay on Tiger Tiger The tiger (\"Panthera tigris\") is the largest cat", "title": "Tiger" }, { "id": "215647", "text": "from kidney failure; the animal was thought to be 16 years old, older than any known wild jaguar. Completion of the United States–Mexico barrier as currently proposed will reduce the viability of any population currently residing in the United States, by reducing gene flow with Mexican populations, and prevent any further northward expansion for the species. The historic range of the species included much of the southern half of the United States, and in the south extended much farther to cover most of the South American continent. In total, its northern range has receded southward and its southern range northward.", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "20460914", "text": "built along many of the cat's typical crossings between the United States and Mexico. In 2010, however, the Obama Administration reversed the policy of the Bush Administration, and pledged to protect \"critical habitat\" and draft a recovery plan for the species. The USFWS was ultimately ordered by the court to develop a jaguar recovery plan and designate critical habitat for the cats. On 20 August 2012, the USFWS proposed setting aside 838,232 acres in Arizona and New Mexico — an area larger than Rhode Island — as critical jaguar habitat. On 4 March 2014 Federal wildlife officials set aside nearly", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "236081", "text": "mainly in boreal forests of Canada and Alaska. The lynx is considered a national animal in the Republic of Macedonia and is displayed on the reverse of the 5 denar coin. It is also the national animal of Romania. Lynx A lynx (; plural lynx or lynxes) is any of the four species (Canada lynx, Iberian lynx, Eurasian lynx, bobcat) within the medium-sized wild cat genus \"Lynx\". The name \"lynx\" originated in Middle English via Latin from the Greek word λύγξ, derived from the Indo-European root \"leuk-\" ('light, brightness') in reference to the luminescence of its reflective eyes. Two other", "title": "Lynx" }, { "id": "20460915", "text": "1,200 square miles along the U.S.-Mexico border as habitat essential for the conservation of the jaguar. The reservation includes parts of Pima, Santa Cruz and Cochise counties in Arizona and Hidalgo County in New Mexico. In September 2015, El Jefe was photographed via camera trap and analysis of his spots confirms that he has been in southeastern Arizona ( south of Tucson) since 2011. Jaguars have been present in this region every year since 1997. El Jefe and other males may have originated from a breeding population in Sonora, Mexico, to the south of Tucson. The Northern Jaguar Project is", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "1308972", "text": "Jaguar Cars Jaguar (, ) is the luxury vehicle brand of Jaguar Land Rover, a British multinational car manufacturer with its headquarters in Whitley, Coventry, England and owned by the Indian company Tata Motors since 2008. Jaguar Cars was the company that was responsible for the production of Jaguar cars until its operations were fully merged with those of Land Rover to form Jaguar Land Rover on 1 January 2013. Jaguar's business was founded as the Swallow Sidecar Company in 1922, originally making motorcycle sidecars before developing bodies for passenger cars. Under the ownership of S. S. Cars Limited the", "title": "Jaguar Cars" }, { "id": "20460913", "text": "individual, but it does not reveal its gender. Legal action by the Center for Biological Diversity led to federal listing of the cat on the endangered species list in 1997. However, on January 7, 2008, George W. Bush appointee H. Dale Hall, Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), signed a recommendation to abandon jaguar recovery as a federal goal under the Endangered Species Act. Critics, including the Center of Biological Diversity and New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, were concerned the jaguar was being sacrificed for the government's new border fence, which is to be", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "6859652", "text": "system will be part of the National Animal Identification System, which will track all livestock in the United States from farm to fork. NAIS has the ability to make American animal products more marketable overseas. Some countries have restricted the importation of some animal products because of the potential for disease. The European Union doesn't require trading-partner countries to fulfill its traceability requirements, though the EU says common practice among some of its food-business operators is to ask for trading partners to comply with regulation as part of contractual agreements. Some of the concerns with NAIS include financial, civil rights,", "title": "National Animal Identification System" }, { "id": "16131145", "text": "the country, particularly in the Karak Governorate. It blooms in the spring with dark black petals and is a national symbol of growth, renewal and change. The Arabian oryx (Arabic: المها العربي) is the national animal of Jordan. The Arabian oryx is a medium-sized antelope with a distinct shoulder hump, long straight horns, and a tufted tail. It is a bovid, and the smallest member of oryx genus, native to desert and steppe areas of the Arabian peninsula. In 1978, four Arabian oryxs were brought to the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve for a breeding program. Starting in 1983, 31 oryxs were", "title": "National symbols of Jordan" }, { "id": "215629", "text": "or their body parts is prohibited, the cat is still frequently killed, particularly in conflicts with ranchers and farmers in South America. Although reduced, its range remains large. Given its historical distribution, the jaguar has featured prominently in the mythology of numerous indigenous American cultures, including those of the Maya and Aztec. The word 'jaguar' is thought to derive from the Tupian word \"yaguara\", meaning \"beast of prey\". The word entered English presumably via the Amazonian trade language Tupinambá, via Portuguese \"jaguar\". The specific word for jaguar is \"yaguareté\", with the suffix -\"eté\" meaning \"real\" or \"true\". The word 'panther'", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "17038612", "text": "Chery Jaguar Land Rover Chery Jaguar Land Rover (officially Chery Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Company Ltd.) is an automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Changshu, China. A 50:50 joint venture between UK-headquartered Jaguar Land Rover, itself a subsidiary of Tata Motors of India; and Chinese state owned automaker Chery, it was formed to allow production of Jaguar Cars and Land Rover vehicles in mainland China. Chery Jaguar Land Rover's first assembly plant is in Changshu, with production having commenced in October 2014. Chery and Jaguar Land Rover were first reported to be in discussions about the possible creation of a Chinese", "title": "Chery Jaguar Land Rover" }, { "id": "215678", "text": "2012, the USFWS proposed setting aside 838,232 acres in Arizona and New Mexico — an area larger than Rhode Island — as critical jaguar habitat. In pre-Columbian Central and South America, the jaguar was a symbol of power and strength. Among the Andean cultures, a jaguar cult disseminated by the early Chavín culture became accepted over most of what is today Peru by 900 BC. The later Moche culture of northern Peru used the jaguar as a symbol of power in many of their ceramics. In the religion of the Muisca, who inhabited the cool Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the Colombian", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "19414152", "text": "by the Wild Cat Research and Conservation Center at the University of Arizona. An edited video with shots from different days gained much attention in the news when it was released by the Center for Biological Diversity and CATalyst. El Jefe is significant as he represented, for five consecutive years, the only verified jaguar currently living in the United States, where they once were distributed throughout the southwest. Before being found it was believed that the species had been completely extirpated in the United States. Historically, the jaguar was recorded in far eastern Texas, and the northern parts of Arizona", "title": "El Jefe (jaguar)" }, { "id": "3663659", "text": "resources against interlopers. The Arabian oryx is the national animal of Jordan, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Qatar. The Arabian oryx is also the namesake of several businesses on the Arabian peninsula, notably Al Maha Airways and Al Maha Petroleum. In the King James Version of the Bible, the word \"re’em\" is translated as 'unicorn'. In Modern Hebrew, the name \"re'em laban\", meaning white oryx, is used in error for the Arabian oryxes living in the sanctuary Yotvata Hai Bar near Eilat. The scimitar oryx is called \"re'em Sahara\". The Arabian name \"ri'ïm\" is the equivalent of the", "title": "Arabian oryx" }, { "id": "12986893", "text": "National Park is internationally famous for its big cat population especially the jaguar, it is considered as one of the best places in the world for jaguar viewing opportunities. A camera trap study by WCS estimated that there are over 1000 jaguars living within the park which makes it one of the most important areas for the survival of these big cats. Tapirs, pumas, ocelots and more are seen frequently inside the park. The pattern of human occupation in the area is made up of the Guaranís and Chiquitanos villages as well as farmers. Human presence is only in the", "title": "Kaa-Iya del Gran Chaco National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area" }, { "id": "10202178", "text": "protection areas and 109 nature monuments in Turkey such as Gallipoli Peninsula Historical National Park, Mount Nemrut National Park, Ancient Troya National Park, Ölüdeniz Nature Park and Polonezköy Nature Park. Ankara, the capital of Turkey, is renowned for the Angora cat, Angora rabbit and Angora goat. Another national cat breed of Turkey is the Van cat. The national dog breeds are the Anatolian Shepherd, Kangal, Malaklı and Akbaş. The last confirmed death of an Anatolian leopard, closely related to the Persian (Caucasian) leopard and native to the western regions of Anatolia, took place in the Bağözü village of the Beypazarı", "title": "Turkey" }, { "id": "215673", "text": "del Jaguar, has been established to connect several jaguar hotspots. In 1986, the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary was established in Belize as the world's first protected area for jaguar conservation. Given the inaccessibility of much of the species' range, particularly the central Amazon, estimating jaguar numbers is difficult. Researchers typically focus on particular bioregions, thus species-wide analysis is scant. In 1991, 600–1,000 (the highest total) were estimated to be living in Belize. A year earlier, 125–180 jaguars were estimated to be living in Mexico's 4,000-km (2400-mi) Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, with another 350 in the state of Chiapas. The adjoining Maya", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "9780924", "text": "national park, Hkakabo Razi National Park; the country's largest wildlife sanctuary, Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary; the world's largest tiger reserve and one of the largest protected areas in the world, Hukaung Valley Tiger Reserve, and Hponkhan Razi National Park, an area which connects Hukaung Valley and Hkakabo Razi for a contiguous protected area of more than 5,000 square miles, called the Northern Forest Complex. Rabinowitz also established the world's first jaguar sanctuary – the Cockscomb Basin Jaguar Preserve – in Belize and the Tawu Mountain Nature Reserve, Taiwan's largest protected area and last piece of intact lowland forest. In Thailand,", "title": "Alan Rabinowitz" }, { "id": "16163984", "text": "lion, mountain cat, catamount or panther, depending on the region, is a mammal of the family Felidae, native to the Americas. This large, solitary cat has the greatest range of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere, extending from Yukon in Canada to the southern Andes of South America. An adaptable, generalist species, the cougar is found in every major American habitat type. It is the second heaviest cat in the American continents after the jaguar. Although large, the cougar is most closely related to smaller felines. Order: Carnivora, Family: Canidae Occurrence: Forests, grasslands - C The coyote", "title": "Mammals of Olympic National Park" }, { "id": "13686421", "text": "Panthera onca augusta Panthera onca augusta, commonly known as the Pleistocene North American jaguar or simply the giant jaguar, is an extinct subspecies of the jaguar that was endemic to North and South America during the Pleistocene epoch (1.8 mya–11,000 years ago). Two specimens were examined by Legendre and Roth for body mass. The first specimen was estimated to have a weight of . The second was estimated to have a weight of . Fossils have been uncovered from Cueva del Milodon, Chile, Piaui, Brazil, and north to Adams County, Washington, Fentress County, Tennessee, Franklin County, Tennessee, Hamilton County, Tennessee,", "title": "Panthera onca augusta" }, { "id": "12460677", "text": "carrying out these goals is to educate the public on the need for cougars. Jaguars are the largest wild cats in the world, and once roamed from the southern U.S to Argentina. Jaguar populations are dwindling at an alarming rate due to rapid urban development. The Wildlands Network focuses on creating conditions for jaguars to migrate freely between the US and Mexico because this migration path is essential for their survival (see Borderlands Campaign). One of the ways the Network is doing this is by advocating for wildlife crossing structures at key locations along Highway 2, which runs parallel to", "title": "Wildlands Network" }, { "id": "19414153", "text": "and New Mexico. However, since the 1940s, the jaguar has been limited to the southern parts of these states. In 2010 the US Fish and Wildlife Service was successfully sued by Defenders of Wildlife to produce a Species Recovery Plan and designate Critical Habitat for jaguars, it has since drafted an area that includes the Santa Rita mountains as the Critical habitat for the species recovery in the United States. The northernmost breeding population of jaguars, from where El Jefe most likely came, was identified by Brown and Lopez González in eastern Sonora, Mexico and named the Huásabas-Sahuaripa population, after", "title": "El Jefe (jaguar)" }, { "id": "16694375", "text": "Lost Land of the Jaguar Lost Land of the Jaguar is a 2008 British nature documentary series on the fauna of Guyana's rainforest. The four presenters are George McGavin, Steve Backshall, Justine Evans, and Gordon Buchanan. The series is a production of the BBC Natural History Unit, and was premiered on 30 July and ended on 13 August 2008. It has three episodes, each 58 minutes long. The series received a Science and Natural History reward from the Royal Television Society. Guyana is a country located in South America, bordering Suriname, Brazil, and Venezuela. The country is known for its", "title": "Lost Land of the Jaguar" }, { "id": "215669", "text": "jaguar has been shown to take cattle as a large portion of its diet; while land clearance for grazing is a problem for the species, the jaguar population may have increased when cattle were first introduced to South America, as the animals took advantage of the new prey base. This willingness to take livestock has induced ranch owners to hire full-time jaguar hunters. The skins of wild cats and other mammals have been highly valued by the fur trade for many decades. From the beginning of the 20th-century Jaguars were hunted in large numbers, but over-harvest and habitat destruction reduced", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "215650", "text": "predator, meaning it exists at the top of its food chain and is not preyed on in the wild. The jaguar has also been termed a keystone species, as it is assumed, through controlling the population levels of prey such as herbivorous and granivorous mammals, apex felids maintain the structural integrity of forest systems. However, accurately determining what effect species like the jaguar have on ecosystems is difficult, because data must be compared from regions where the species is absent as well as its current habitats, while controlling for the effects of human activity. It is accepted that mid-sized prey", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "20460912", "text": "in the Dos Cabezas Mountains of Arizona, from the Mexican border, the farthest north one of these animals has been spotted in many decades. It is the seventh jaguar to be confirmed in the Southwest since 1996. On 1 December 2016, another male jaguar was photographed on Fort Huachuca also in Arizona. In February 2017, authorities revealed that a third jaguar had been photographed in November 2016, by the Bureau of Land Management in the Dos Cabezas Mountains, also in Arizona, some north of the border with Mexico. The only picture obtained allowed experts to determine this is a different", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "215632", "text": "common ancestor of the \"Panthera\" species at least 1.5 million years ago and to have entered the American continent in the Early Pleistocene via Beringia, the land bridge that once spanned the Bering Strait. Results of jaguar mitochondrial DNA analysis indicates that the species' lineage evolved between 280,000 and 510,000 years ago. Phylogenetic studies generally have shown the clouded leopard (\"Neofelis nebulosa\") is basal to this group. The position of the remaining species varies between studies and is effectively unresolved. Based on morphological evidence, British zoologist Reginald Innes Pocock concluded the jaguar is most closely related to the leopard. However,", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "4077250", "text": "Markhor The markhor (\"Capra falconeri\"; \"marǧūmi\"; Persian/Urdu: ), also known as the screw horn goat, is a large species of wild goat that is found in northeastern Afghanistan, northern and central Pakistan, India(only Jammu & Kashmir), southern Tajikistan, eastern Turkmenistan, southern Uzbekistan and in the Himalayas. The species was classed by the IUCN as Endangered until 2015 when it was downgraded to Near Threatened, as their numbers have increased in recent years by an estimated 20% for the last decade. The markhor is the national animal of Pakistan. The colloquial name is thought by some to be derived from the", "title": "Markhor" }, { "id": "17133500", "text": "2018. Cattle (colloquially cows) are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius. Cows are not raised as livestock for meat (beef and veal), but as dairy animals for milk and other dairy products, and as draft animals (oxen or bullocks) (pulling carts, plows and the like). The national breed Achham cattle which falls in the Bos indicus species is understood to be the national animal. \"Rhododendron\" (; lali gurans) is a", "title": "National symbols of Nepal" }, { "id": "20982570", "text": "Code Name: Jaguar Code Name: Jaguar (, , , also known as The Spy Who Went Into Hell is a 1965 French/Spanish/West German international co-production Eurospy film directed by Maurice Labro in his penultimate feature film. The film was co-written by French author Claude Rank (nom de plume of Gaston-Claude Petitjean-Darville, born November 22, 1925 died 2004) based on Rank's 1964 novel of the same name. The film stars Ray Danton, Pascale Petit and Roger Hanin and was shot in Alicante with interior studio work filmed in West Berlin. Prior to his discovery and death, an American intelligence officer working", "title": "Code Name: Jaguar" }, { "id": "215659", "text": "The jaguar is more of a dietary generalist than its Old World cousins: the American tropics have a high diversity of small animals but relatively low populations and diversity of the large ungulates which this genus favors. They regularly take adult caimans, except for black caimans, deer, capybaras, tapirs, peccaries, dogs, zorros, and sometimes even anacondas. However, it preys on any small species available, including frogs, mice, birds (mainly ground-based species such as cracids), fish, sloths, monkeys, and turtles. A study conducted in Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary in Belize revealed that the diet of jaguars there consisted primarily of armadillos", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "2339056", "text": "Jaguarundi The jaguarundi (\"Herpailurus yagouaroundi\") ( ) or eyra is a small wild cat native to southern North America and South America. It has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2002. The megareserves of the Amazon Basin are probably the only conservation units that can sustain long-term viable populations. In some Spanish-speaking countries, the jaguarundi is also called \"gato colorado\", \"gato moro\", \"león brenero\", \"onza\", \"tigrillo\", and \"leoncillo\". The Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation of its common English and Portuguese name is . It is also called \"gato-mourisco\", \"eirá\", \"gato-preto\", and \"maracajá-preto\" in Portuguese. Jaguarundi comes from", "title": "Jaguarundi" }, { "id": "8281010", "text": "1948 and \"Tini\" in 1949, the ship was transferred to Panamanian flag in February 1951. USS Jaguar (IX-120) USS \"Jaguar\" (IX-120), an \"Armadillo\"-class tanker designated an unclassified miscellaneous vessel, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the jaguar, a large leopard-like mammal of wooded regions, typically yellowish brown marked with dark spots. Her keel was laid down as \"Charles T. Yerkes\" under Maritime Commission contract (Z-ET1-S-C3) by the California Shipbuilding Corporation, in San Pedro, California. She was launched on 20 November 1943, renamed \"Jaguar\" 27 October, acquired by the Navy 15 December 1943 and", "title": "USS Jaguar (IX-120)" }, { "id": "215668", "text": "lost 37% of its historic range, with its status unknown in an additional 18% of the global range. More encouragingly, the probability of long-term survival was considered high in 70% of its remaining range, particularly in the Amazon basin and the adjoining Gran Chaco and Pantanal. The major risks to the jaguar include deforestation across its habitat, increasing competition for food with human beings, especially in dry and unproductive habitat, poaching, hurricanes in northern parts of its range, and the behavior of ranchers who will often kill the cat where it preys on livestock. When adapted to the prey, the", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "406754", "text": "Tiger The tiger (\"Panthera tigris\") is the largest cat species, most recognizable for its pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The species is classified in the genus \"Panthera\" with the lion, jaguar, leopard, and snow leopard. It is an apex predator, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and bovids. It is territorial and generally a solitary but social predator, often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support its prey requirements. This, coupled with the fact that it is indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on Earth, has caused significant", "title": "Tiger" }, { "id": "18233115", "text": "well as social status. Cattle feature in the Táin Bó Cúailnge and Táin Bó Flidhais, and the tale of Glas Gaibhnenn. The national land mammal/animal is unclear. The Irish hare (\"Lepus timidus\") has been described as a national animal, as has the red deer (\"Cervus elaphus\"). The national plant is the shamrock (\"Trifolium dubium\" or \"Trifolium repens\"). \"Fuchsia magellanica\" 'Riccartonii' (hummingbird fuchsia, hardy fuchsia; in Irish \"deora Dé\", \"tears of God\") has sometimes been described as the national flower, despite not being a native plant. Flax (\"Linum usitatissimum\") is widely used as an emblem of Northern Ireland, such as in", "title": "National symbols of Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland" }, { "id": "11452680", "text": "the arms of Shushensky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. The Snow Leopard award, given to Soviet mountaineers who scaled all five of the Soviet Union's 7,000-meter peaks, is named after the animal, but does not depict one. The cat is the state animal of Himachal Pradesh, a north Indian state in the western Himalayas. The animal has also been declared the \"National Predator\" of Pakistan. Documentary footage of the snow leopard is scarce. While such coverage would not be remarkable with regard to common species, wildlife video of the snow leopard is difficult to obtain due to the animal's rarity and", "title": "Snow leopard" }, { "id": "14294571", "text": "southern Canada to northern Mexico, including most of the continental United States. The bobcat is an adaptable predator that inhabits wooded areas, as well as semi-desert, urban edge, forest edges and swampland environments. It persists in much of its original range and populations are healthy. Order: Carnivora, Family: Felidae Occurrence: Coniferous forests E W The cougar (\"Puma concolor\"), also known as puma, mountain lion, mountain cat, catamount or panther, depending on the region, is a mammal of the family Felidae, native to the Americas. This large, solitary cat has the greatest range of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the", "title": "Mammals of Glacier National Park (U.S.)" }, { "id": "215651", "text": "species undergo population increases in the absence of the keystone predators, and this has been hypothesized to have cascading negative effects. However, field work has shown this may be natural variability and the population increases may not be sustained. Thus, the keystone predator hypothesis is not accepted by all scientists. The jaguar also has an effect on other predators. The jaguar and the cougar, which is the next-largest feline of South America, but the biggest in Central or North America, are often sympatric (related species sharing overlapping territory) and have often been studied in conjunction. The jaguar tends to take", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "17038614", "text": "July 2014. Range Rover Evoque Land Rover Discovery Sport Jaguar XFL Jaguar XEL Jaguar E-Pace Chery Jaguar Land Rover Chery Jaguar Land Rover (officially Chery Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Company Ltd.) is an automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Changshu, China. A 50:50 joint venture between UK-headquartered Jaguar Land Rover, itself a subsidiary of Tata Motors of India; and Chinese state owned automaker Chery, it was formed to allow production of Jaguar Cars and Land Rover vehicles in mainland China. Chery Jaguar Land Rover's first assembly plant is in Changshu, with production having commenced in October 2014. Chery and Jaguar Land", "title": "Chery Jaguar Land Rover" }, { "id": "215655", "text": "in claiming a territory. Typical lifespan in the wild is estimated at around 12–15 years; in captivity, the jaguar lives up to 23 years, placing it among the longest-lived cats. Like most cats, the jaguar is solitary outside mother–cub groups. Adults generally meet only to court and mate (though limited noncourting socialization has been observed anecdotally) and carve out large territories for themselves. Female territories, which range from 25 to 40 km in size, may overlap, but the animals generally avoid one another. Male ranges cover roughly twice as much area, varying in size with the availability of game and", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "15148246", "text": "Paseo del Jaguar Paseo del Jaguar (Portuguese: \"Path of the Jaguar\") is a proposed interconnected system of refuges and conservation corridors running from the United States through Mexico and Central America into South America. The purpose of the Path, proposed by jaguar expert Alan Rabinowitz, is to allow jaguars to travel and inter-breed throughout their historical areas. The Panthera organization actively develops these corridors through their Jaguar Corridor Initiative. The corridors created by this program allow for the natural roaming behavior of the jaguar and safeguard them from ranchers and farmers by giving jaguars natural cover, letting them avoid human", "title": "Paseo del Jaguar" }, { "id": "215630", "text": "derives from classical Latin \"panthēra\", itself from the ancient Greek \"pánthēr\" (πάνθηρ). In Mexican Spanish, its nickname is \"el tigre\": 16th century Spaniards had no native word in their language for the jaguar, which is smaller than a lion, but bigger than a leopard, nor had ever encountered it in the Old World, and so named it after the tiger, since its ferocity would have been known to them through Roman writings and popular literature during the Renaissance. \"Onca\" is the Portuguese \"onça\", with the cedilla dropped for typographical reasons, found in English as \"ounce\" for the snow leopard, \"Panthera", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "36483", "text": "and of Belize, which she considers her second home. Biles is herself Belizean-American in descent. The national flower is the black orchid (\"Prosthechea cochleata\", also known as \"Encyclia cochleata\"). The national tree is the mahogany tree (\"Swietenia macrophylla\"), which inspired the national motto \"Sub Umbra Floreo\", which means \"Under the shade I flourish\". The national animal is the Baird's tapir and the national bird is the keel-billed toucan (\"Ramphastos sulphuratus\"). Belize Belize () (), is a country located on the eastern coast of Central America. Belize is bordered on the northwest by Mexico, on the east by the Caribbean Sea,", "title": "Belize" }, { "id": "15224434", "text": "National symbols of Bhutan The national symbols of Bhutan include the national flag, national emblem, national anthem, and the mythical \"druk\" thunder featured in all three. Other distinctive symbols of Bhutan and its dominant Ngalop culture include Dzongkha, the national language; the Bhutanese monarchy; and the driglam namzha, a seventeenth-century code on dress, etiquette, and dzong architecture. Natural symbols of Bhutan are its national flower, the Himalayan blue poppy; its national tree, the Himalayan cypress; its national bird, the raven; and its national animal, the takin. These national symbols are established variously by law and tradition. While most laws codifying", "title": "National symbols of Bhutan" }, { "id": "15224445", "text": "To the Bhutanese, its ability to survive on rugged terrain represents bravery and simplicity. The national bird is the raven. As noted above, it the most prominent component of the royal crown. In Bhutan, the raven represents the deity Gonpo Jarodongchen, the raven-headed Mahakala, one of the country's chief guardian deities. The Bhutanese credit the raven with having guided the founder of Bhutan, Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, to victory during the invasion from Ü-Tsang (Tibet) in the seventeenth century. The national animal is the takin (\"Burdorcas taxicolor\"). This bovid is also associated with religious history and mythology. Today it is a", "title": "National symbols of Bhutan" }, { "id": "19520566", "text": "efforts of a twelfth eagle. The golden eagle is the most common national animal in the world, with five nations—Albania, Germany, Austria, Mexico and Kazakhstan—making it the national animal. It is also a common motif in the national symbols of countries that have not officially made it the national animal or national bird. The reasons for this are various, but among the nations that use the golden eagle as or in a state symbol, there are two clear traditions that help explain the modern usage. Among European countries, the golden eagle was the model for the \"aquila\", the most prominent", "title": "Golden eagles in human culture" }, { "id": "215658", "text": "animal to sight, let alone study. Like all cats, the jaguar is an obligate carnivore, feeding only on meat. It is an opportunistic hunter and its diet encompasses at least 87 species. It employs an unusual killing method: it bites directly through the skull of prey between the ears to deliver a fatal bite to the brain. The jaguar can take virtually any terrestrial or riparian vertebrate found in Central or South America, except for large crocodilians such as black caiman. Jaguars are excellent swimmers and will dive under the water to catch turtles in rivers and the occasional fish.", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "3663648", "text": "revert to vulnerable status after previously being listed as extinct in the wild. It is listed in CITES Appendix I. In 2011, populations were estimated at over 1,000 individuals in the wild, and 6,000–7,000 individuals in captivity worldwide. A Qatari oryx named \"Orry\" was chosen as the official games mascot for the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, and is shown on tailfins of planes belonging to Middle Eastern airline Qatar Airways. It is the national animal of the United Arab Emirates. The taxonomic name \"Oryx leucoryx\" is from the Greek \"orux\" (gazelle or antelope) and \"leukos\" (white). The Arabian oryx", "title": "Arabian oryx" }, { "id": "3523265", "text": "it a fully owned subsidiary, subsequently renamed Tata Hispano. In 2013, Tata Hispano ceased production at its Zaragoza plant. Jaguar Land Rover PLC is a British premium automaker headquartered in Whitley, Coventry, United Kingdom, and has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Motors since June 2008, when it was acquired from Ford Motor Company of USA. Its principal activity is the development, manufacture and sale of Jaguar luxury and sports cars and Land Rover premium four-wheel-drive vehicles. Jaguar Land Rover has two design centres and three assembly plants in the United Kingdom. Under Tata ownership, Jaguar Land Rover has", "title": "Tata Motors" }, { "id": "19501772", "text": "must be preserved at each level of the property. Industries that use forest products are expected to invest in forests to meet their needs. Financial incentives envisioned in the Forest Code including tax exemptions on forest income and tax incentives for reforestation have not been implemented or have been substantially modified. The regulations prohibit trade in wildlife products and by-products including 14 plants species and 207 species of animal. These include the black caiman, manatee, jaguar, marsh deer, giant otter, macaw and giant anteater. However, enforcement has been hampered by lack of personnel, there is pressure from poor people who", "title": "National forest (Brazil)" }, { "id": "12268368", "text": "due in 2018 for the 2019 model year, In the year ended 31 March 2013, Jaguar Land Rover sold a total of 374,636 units, of which 316,043 were Land Rovers and 58,593 were Jaguars. In that period 21.6% of sales were in Europe (excluding the United Kingdom and Russia), 20.6% in China, 19.3% in the United Kingdom, 16.8% in the United States, 4.8% in Asia Pacific (excluding China) and 16.9% in the rest of the world. In 2015, Jaguar Land Rover became the biggest car manufacturer in UK, producing 489,923 cars and overtaking Nissan, the previous leader. In January 2014,", "title": "Jaguar Land Rover" }, { "id": "4077271", "text": "to stop poaching markhors. The local hunter established a conservancy that inspired two other local organizations called Morkhur and Muhofiz. The two organizations expect that their conversations will not only protect, but allow them to sustainability use the markhor species. This approach has been very effective compared to the protect lands that lack enforcement and security. In India, the markhor is a fully protected (Schedule I) species under Jammu and Kashmir’s Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1978. The markhor is the national animal of Pakistan. It was one of the 72 animals featured on the WWF Conservation Coin Collection in 1976.", "title": "Markhor" }, { "id": "19647665", "text": "Vijayendra Prasad. H.D Kumarswamy invited Tollywood actor Pawan Kalyan to attend audio function. The film was released worldwide on 6 October 2016 in over 780 theaters and approximately across 16 countries. \"Jaguar\" was received well by the audience. It is rated as a hit in both the Kannada and Telugu film industries The film's soundtrack album and background score are composed by S. S. Thaman. The soundtrack comprises six tracks. Jaguar (2016 film) Jaguar is a 2016 Indian bilingual romantic action film produced by H. D. Kumaraswamy under his banner Channambika Films and directed by Mahadev. It features Nikhil Gowda", "title": "Jaguar (2016 film)" }, { "id": "20460908", "text": "in Colorado. Cabot's 1544 map has a drawing of jaguar ranging over the Pennsylvania and Ohio valleys. Historically, the jaguar was recorded in far eastern Texas, and the northern parts of Arizona and New Mexico. However, since the 1940s, the jaguar has been limited to the southern parts of these states. Although less reliable than zoological records, Native American artefacts with possible jaguar motifs range from the Pacific Northwest to Pennsylvania and Florida. Jaguars had been eliminated in the United States. A female was shot by a hunter in Arizona's White Mountains in 1963. Arizona outlawed jaguar hunting in 1969,", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "13686422", "text": "Monroe County, Tennessee, and Van Buren County, Tennessee. Panthera onca augusta Panthera onca augusta, commonly known as the Pleistocene North American jaguar or simply the giant jaguar, is an extinct subspecies of the jaguar that was endemic to North and South America during the Pleistocene epoch (1.8 mya–11,000 years ago). Two specimens were examined by Legendre and Roth for body mass. The first specimen was estimated to have a weight of . The second was estimated to have a weight of . Fossils have been uncovered from Cueva del Milodon, Chile, Piaui, Brazil, and north to Adams County, Washington, Fentress", "title": "Panthera onca augusta" }, { "id": "2093941", "text": "It is completely banned in six states with pending litigation in the supreme court to overturn the ban, while there is no restriction in many states. This has created communal disharmony in India and frequently leads to unwanted incidents. Gopastami, a holiday celebrated by the Hindus once a year, is one of the few instances where cows receive prayers in modern-day India. While the cow is still respected and honored by most of the Indian population, there has been controversy over the treatment of the cows during the holiday. In Nepal, the cow is the national animal. Cows give milk", "title": "Cattle in religion and mythology" }, { "id": "20460916", "text": "a conservation effort on behalf of the jaguar that is headed by an Arizona-based organization of the same name, in conjunction with Mexico's Naturalia. It is focused on protecting the jaguars living near the border between the United States and Mexico. The core of the project is the Northern Jaguar Reserve. The project began in 2003 with the purchase of the 10,000 acre Los Pavos Ranch in northern Mexico, just south of the border. In 2008 it was expanded to more than double its size when Rancho Zetasora was acquired. Both ranches are remote, difficult to access, and relatively untouched,", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "4385858", "text": "\"Onça\" is the Brazilian Portuguese word for jaguar, \"Panthera onca\", where a spotted jaguar is known as \"onça-pintada\" and a melanistic one as \"onça-preta\". These are real animals, occurring as far north as Mexico and possibly into the southwest of the United States. Also, a cat some call the \"puma\" \"Puma concolor\" is known most often as \"onça-parda\" in some areas of Brazil (in others, it is known by the name that predates American cougar, \"suçuarana\"). A legend that is claimed to be less well known among cryptozoologists states that there are two species of jaguarundi living in Mexico, one", "title": "Onza" }, { "id": "6859645", "text": "National Animal Identification System The National Animal Identification System, (NAIS) is a government-run program in the United States intended to extend government animal health surveillance by identifying and tracking specific animals. Administered at the federal level by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, a branch of the United States Department of Agriculture, NAIS will also be overseen by state animal health boards. While the federal program is voluntary, money received by some states, tribes, and non-profit entities from the USDA through cooperative agreements has been used to make parts or all of the program mandatory. Critics claim the system", "title": "National Animal Identification System" }, { "id": "1308974", "text": "was acquired by Ford in 1990. Jaguar has, in recent years, manufactured cars for the British Prime Minister, the most recent delivery being an XJ in May 2010. The company also holds royal warrants from Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Charles. In 1990 Ford acquired Jaguar Cars and it remained in their ownership, joined in 2000 by Land Rover, till 2008. Ford then sold both Jaguar and Land Rover to Tata Motors. Tata created Jaguar Land Rover as a subsidiary holding company. At operating company level, in 2013 Jaguar Cars was merged with Land Rover to form Jaguar Land Rover", "title": "Jaguar Cars" }, { "id": "11730567", "text": "the jaguar (\"Panthera onca\"), ocelot (\"Leopardus pardalis\"), marsh deer (\"Blastocerus dichotomus\"), giant anteater (\"Myrmecophaga tridactyla\"), giant armadillo (\"Priodontes maximus\"), giant otter (\"Pteronura brasiliensis\"), chestnut-bellied guan (\"Penelope ochrogaster\"), black-and-tawny seedeater (\"Sporophila nigrorufa\") and the mussel \"Lamproscapha ensiformis\". Pantanal Matogrossense National Park The Pantanal Matogrossense National Park () is a national park in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Pantanal Matogrossense National Park has an area of . It is in the Pantanal biome. The park was created by decree nº 86.392 on 24 September 1981, and is managed by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation", "title": "Pantanal Matogrossense National Park" }, { "id": "442812", "text": "which have been reported to reach up to in length. Venezuela hosts a total of 1,417 bird species, 48 of which are endemic. Important birds include ibises, ospreys, kingfishers, and the yellow-orange Venezuelan troupial, the national bird. Notable mammals include the giant anteater, jaguar, and the capybara, the world's largest rodent. More than half of Venezuelan avian and mammalian species are found in the Amazonian forests south of the Orinoco. For the fungi, an account was provided by R.W.G. Dennis which has been digitized and the records made available on-line as part of the Cybertruffle Robigalia database. That database includes", "title": "Venezuela" }, { "id": "215646", "text": "any permanent population in the US to thrive, protection from killing, an adequate prey base, and connectivity with Mexican populations are essential. In February 2009, a jaguar was caught, radio-collared and released in an area southwest of Tucson, Arizona; this is farther north than had previously been expected and represents a sign there may be a permanent breeding population of jaguars within southern Arizona. The animal was later confirmed to be indeed the same male individual ('Macho B') that was photographed in 2004. On 2 March 2009, Macho B was recaptured and euthanized after he was found to be suffering", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "6042249", "text": "the ocelot, margay, and Andean mountain cat, and the other leading to the remaining species. The following species are recognised following the taxonomic revision of the Felidae, 2017: Leopardus Leopardus is a genus of spotted small cats mostly native to Middle and South America, with a very small range extending into the southern United States. The genus is considered the oldest branch of the part of the cat family to cross into the Americas, followed by the genera \"Lynx\" and \"Puma\". (The jaguar is the other extant cat native to the Americas.) The largest species in \"Leopardus\" is the ocelot;", "title": "Leopardus" }, { "id": "16095107", "text": "Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of). Bangladesh, Bhutan, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Timor-Leste. Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands,", "title": "WHO regions" }, { "id": "1436090", "text": "animals. The initial Captive Wildlife Safety Act (CWSA) was signed into law on December 19, 2003. To address problems associated with the increasing trade in certain big cat species, the CSWA regulations were strengthened by a law passed on September 17, 2007. The big cat species addressed in these regulations are the lion, tiger, leopard, snow leopard, clouded leopard, cheetah, jaguar, cougar, and any hybrid of these species (liger, tigon, etc.). Private ownership is not prohibited, but the law makes it illegal to transport, sell, or purchase such animals in interstate or foreign commerce. Although these regulations seem to provide", "title": "Big cat" }, { "id": "4734485", "text": "of such countries simply cannot be represented by any single national dish. Furthermore, because national dishes are so interwoven into a nation's sense of identity, strong emotions and conflicts can arise when trying to choose a country's national dish. In Latin America, dishes may be claimed or designated as a \"\"plato nacional\"\", although in many cases, recipes transcend national borders with only minor variations. Both Peru and Ecuador claim \"ceviche\" as their national dish. Stews of meat, plantains, and root vegetables are the \"platos nacionales\" of several countries in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean: Colombian \"ajiaco\", as well", "title": "National dish" }, { "id": "16694376", "text": "large, unspoiled rainforest, which is home to a wide range of animals, including the jaguar. The series documents the crew's journey through the rainforest, where they encounter the unique fauna of the region. BBC promoted Guyana as \"the land of giants\" inhabited by \"the huge anaconda, the world's largest tarantula and giant otters.\" The series was originally named \"Expedition Guyana\", but the title was changed to the \"Lost Land of the Jaguar\" by the BBC to appeal to a wider audience, as a reference to Arthur Conan Doyle's \"The Lost World\". \"Lost Land of the Jaguar\" is the second series", "title": "Lost Land of the Jaguar" }, { "id": "19414148", "text": "El Jefe (jaguar) El Jefe is an adult, male North American jaguar that was seen in Arizona. He was first recorded in November 2011, and is living in the Santa Rita Mountains. From November 2011 to November 2016, El Jefe was the only wild jaguar verified to live in the United States. His name - which is Spanish for \"The Boss\" - was chosen by students of the Felizardo Valencia Middle School of Tucson, in a contest organized by the non-profit conservation group Center for Biological Diversity in November 2015 and has been used frequently by conservation groups and media.", "title": "El Jefe (jaguar)" }, { "id": "1881957", "text": "facing human-induced extinction. While not as heavily exploited as other large, endangered mammals, the tamaraw population on Mindoro was subject to some harvesting pressure from subsistence hunters before conservation efforts were spurred towards the latter half of the 20th century. The IUCN has described this as still ongoing in their 2006 Red List report. Though the national animal of the Philippines is the carabao, the tamaraw is also considered a national symbol of the Philippines. An image of the animal is found on the 1980-to-early-1990 version of the one-peso coins. In 2004, Proclamation No. 692 was enacted to make October", "title": "Tamaraw" }, { "id": "215631", "text": "uncia\". It derives from the Latin \"lyncea\" lynx, with the letter L confused with the definite article (Italian \"lonza\", Old French \"l'once)\". The jaguar is the only extant New World member of the genus \"Panthera\". Results of DNA analysis shows the lion, tiger, leopard, jaguar, snow leopard, and clouded leopard share a common ancestor, and that this group is between six and ten million years old; the fossil record points to the emergence of \"Panthera\" just two to 3.8 million years ago. The \"Panthera\" are thought to have evolved in Asia. The jaguar is thought to have diverged from a", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "17639348", "text": "and Family Lifestyle Expert, Colleen Paige supported by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, a nonprofit organization which also works to encourage pet adoption. International Cat Day, August 8th, was created in 2002 by the International Fund for Animal Welfare. World Cat Day is celebrated on February 17th in much of Europe, on March 1st in Russia, and Cat Day is unofficially celebrated on February 22nd in Japan. National Cat Day National Cat Day was founded as a way to bring awareness to the number of homeless cats. It is a celebration that takes place on", "title": "National Cat Day" }, { "id": "2825815", "text": "of the largest wild mammal species found in South America, along with the manatee, the Amazon river dolphin, the tapir, and the jaguar. The guanaco has thick skin on its neck, a trait also found in its domestic counterpart, the llama and in its relatives, the wild vicuña and domesticated alpaca. This protects its neck from predator attacks. Bolivians use the neck-skin of these animals to make shoes, flattening and pounding the skin to be used for the soles. In Chile, hunting is allowed only in Tierra del Fuego, where the only population not classified as endangered in the country", "title": "Guanaco" }, { "id": "1309012", "text": "powered by a V6 engine. The XJ220 was confirmed the fastest production car in the world at the time after Martin Brundle recorded a speed of on the Nardo track in Italy. Over the years many Jaguar models have sported the famous chrome plated Leaping Jaguar, traditionally forming part of the radiator cap. Known as \"The Leaper\" this iconic mascot has been the subject of controversy in recent times when banned for safety reasons from cars supplied to Europe whilst it continued to be fitted on cars destined for the United States, Middle East and Far East. It has now", "title": "Jaguar Cars" }, { "id": "20460904", "text": "subspecies of jaguar. The modern jaguar is thought to have descended from a pantherine ancestor in Asia that crossed the Beringian land bridge into North America during the Early Pleistocene. From North America, it spread to Central and South America. The ancestral jaguar in North America is referred to as \"Panthera onca augusta\". Unlike jaguars in South America, jaguars in Central or North America are fairly small. Those in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the Mexican Pacific coast weigh just about , similar in weight as female cougars. was the average for six males in Belize, making them similar to", "title": "North American jaguar" }, { "id": "12698409", "text": "warming. In order to facilitate contact between non-Brazilian supporters/sponsors and JCF activities in Brazil, the Jaguar Conservation Fund –US was founded in 2004 as a 501©3 non-profit organization. Jaguar Conservation Fund The Jaguar Conservation Fund (JCF), known in Portuguese as (IOP), was founded in June 2002 by a group of researchers with a strong background of work dedicated to the species. Its mission is “To promote the conservation of the jaguar, its natural prey and habitat throughout the species' geographical range, as well as its peaceful coexistence with man, through research and conservation strategies\". The largest part (48%) of the", "title": "Jaguar Conservation Fund" }, { "id": "12268365", "text": "in the UK in the automotive business\". In 2017 a plant for Ingenium engine production was added to the Chery Jaguar Land Rover facility in China. On 13 April 2018, Jaguar Land Rover announced that it would be cutting 1,000 temporary contract jobs in the West Midlands, citing a slump in sales due to uncertainty over changes to taxes on diesel cars and Brexit. Jaguar Land Rover Automotive is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (Company No. 06477691). The immediate parent of Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC is TML Holdings Pte. Ltd., Singapore and", "title": "Jaguar Land Rover" }, { "id": "11154975", "text": "Maya jaguar gods The pre-Columbian Maya religion knew various jaguar gods, in addition to jaguar demi-gods, (ancestral) protectors, and transformers. The main jaguar deities are discussed below. Their associated narratives (part of Maya mythology) are still largely to be reconstructed. Lacandon and Tzotzil-Tzeltal oral tradition are particularly rich in jaguar lore. The Jaguar God of Terrestrial Fire is recognizable by a 'cruller' around the eyes (making a loop over the nose), jaguar ears, and jaguar fangs. He personifies the number Seven, which is associated with the day \"Ak'b'al\" ('Night'). Usually called 'Jaguar God of the Underworld', he has been assumed", "title": "Maya jaguar gods" }, { "id": "215667", "text": "are rapidly declining. The species is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. The loss of parts of its range, including its virtual elimination from its historic northern areas and the increasing fragmentation of the remaining range, have contributed to this status. Particularly significant declines occurred in the 1960, when more than 15,000 jaguars were killed for their skins in the Brazilian Amazon yearly; the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of 1973 brought about a sharp decline in the pelt trade. Detailed work performed under the auspices of the Wildlife Conservation Society revealed the species has", "title": "Jaguar" }, { "id": "3309767", "text": "bear, feral pig, bobcat and raccoon. The Tehachapi Mountains are also the last known breeding site of the jaguar in the United States. The big cats were found there as recently as the late 1800s. The range includes and is the boundary between the xeric Mojave Desert and Mediterranean climate zones, and includes the subalpine zone. The majority of the range is in the Mediterranean climate zone, receiving precipitation in the winter similar to the neighboring Transverse Ranges in the Los Padres and Angeles National Forests to the west and southwest. They create a rain shadow for the eastern foothills", "title": "Tehachapi Mountains" }, { "id": "5712891", "text": "to observe wildlife, especially birds, about 270 species were identified and its estimated that 230 more could inhabit the area, which makes Calilegua the home of 50% of all bird species in the country and a paradise for birdwatching. The park is home to the jaguar, the largest South American predator, along with other cats like the jaguarundi, the ocelot, the puma and the pampas cat. The largest mammal in the Yungas, the tapir, also inhabits the reserve. Calilegua National Park and nearby towns offer a wide range of activities, with varying degrees of difficulty. The tours relate to ecotourism", "title": "Calilegua National Park" }, { "id": "215680", "text": "and the dead and to protect the royal household. The Maya saw these powerful felines as their companions in the spiritual world, and a number of Maya rulers bore names that incorporated the Mayan word for jaguar (\"b'alam\" in many of the Mayan languages). \"Balam\" (\"Jaguar\") remains a common Maya surname, and it is also the name of Chilam Balam, a legendary author to whom are attributed 17th and 18th-centuries Maya miscellanies preserving much important knowledge. The Aztec civilization shared this image of the jaguar as the representative of the ruler and as a warrior. The Aztecs formed an elite", "title": "Jaguar" } ]	jaguar is the national animal of which country
[ "Supreme Court" ]	[ { "id": "1771968", "text": "Russia, the former Soviet Union and the United States. The United States Constitution provides for a federal government that is superior to state governments with regard to its enumerated powers. These powers include the authority to govern international affairs, interstate commerce, the currency and national defense. After the American Civil War, the Fourteenth Amendment applied the Constitution's Bill of Rights to state governments. Legislation passed by Congress, an Executive Order of the President, or a decision of federal courts pursuant to the Constitution are federal law. Through the system of checks and balances, it is the Supreme Court makes final", "title": "Federal law" }, { "id": "14610765", "text": "governments, and state courts. All states have a legislative branch which enacts state statutes, an executive branch that promulgates state regulations pursuant to statutory authorization, and a judicial branch that applies, interprets, and occasionally overturns both state statutes and regulations, as well as local ordinances. They retain plenary power to make laws covering anything not preempted by the federal Constitution, federal statutes, or international treaties ratified by the federal Senate. Normally, state supreme courts are the final interpreters of state constitutions and state law, unless their interpretation itself presents a federal issue, in which case a decision may be appealed", "title": "Law of the United States" }, { "id": "2733990", "text": "one state and Congress can override a veto. The President can enforce the law. The Supreme Court and inferior courts rule on international, U.S. and state law. The Constitution is the supreme law and all state officers swear to uphold the Constitution. Every state is a republic, and new states can be admitted. The Articles Congress continued until the new system started. Amendments are possible without Congress. The Convention recommendations went to Congress, from them to the states. State legislatures set the election rules for ratification conventions, and the people \"expressly\" chose representatives to consider and decide about the Constitution.", "title": "History of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "3044361", "text": "State law (United States) In the United States, state law refers to the law of each separate U.S. state. The fifty American states are separate sovereigns, with their own state constitutions, state governments, and state courts. All states have a legislative branch which enacts state statutes, an executive branch that promulgates state regulations pursuant to statutory authorization, and a judicial branch that applies, interprets, and occasionally overturns both state statutes and regulations, as well as local ordinances. States retain plenary power to make laws covering anything not preempted by the federal Constitution, federal statutes, or international treaties ratified by the", "title": "State law (United States)" }, { "id": "7649963", "text": "the Constitution. Any law contrary to the Constitution is void. The federal judicial power extends to all cases \"arising under this Constitution.\" As part of their inherent duty to determine the law, the federal courts have the duty to interpret and apply the Constitution and to decide whether a federal or state statute conflicts with the Constitution. All judges are bound to follow the Constitution. If there is a conflict, the federal courts have a duty to follow the Constitution and to treat the conflicting statute as unenforceable. The Supreme Court has final appellate jurisdiction in all cases arising under", "title": "Judicial review in the United States" }, { "id": "12258456", "text": "(Article VI, Clause 2) establishes that the Constitution, federal laws made pursuant to it, and treaties made under its authority, constitute the supreme law of the land. It provides that state courts are bound by the supreme law; in case of conflict between federal and state law, the federal law must be applied. Even state constitutions are subordinate to federal law. States' rights are understood mainly with reference to the Tenth Amendment. The Constitution delegates some powers to the national government, and it forbids some powers to the states. Any powers not granted to the federal government or forbidden to", "title": "U.S. state" }, { "id": "16064610", "text": "follows the lead of Article XIII of the Articles of Confederation, which provided that \"Every State shall abide by the determination of the United States in Congress Assembled, on all questions which by this confederation are submitted to them.\" A constitutional provision announcing the supremacy of federal law, the Supremacy Clause assumes the underlying priority of federal authority, at least when that authority is expressed in the Constitution itself. No matter what the federal government or the states might wish to do, they have to stay within the boundaries of the Constitution. This makes the Supremacy Clause the cornerstone of", "title": "Supremacy Clause" }, { "id": "14610738", "text": "are in accordance with the Constitution, preempt conflicting state and territorial laws in the 50 U.S. states and in the territories. However, the scope of federal preemption is limited because the scope of federal power is not universal. In the dual-sovereign system of American federalism (actually tripartite because of the presence of Indian reservations), states are the plenary sovereigns, each with their own constitution, while the federal sovereign possesses only the limited supreme authority enumerated in the Constitution. Indeed, states may grant their citizens broader rights than the federal Constitution as long as they do not infringe on any federal", "title": "Law of the United States" }, { "id": "14016136", "text": "the Study of the Law of the Constitution\" (1885); these two pillars are the rule of law and parliamentary sovereignty. All government officers of the United States, including the President, the Justices of the Supreme Court, state judges and legislators, and all members of Congress, pledge first and foremost to uphold the Constitution. These oaths affirm that the rule of law is superior to the rule of any human leader. At the same time, the federal government has considerable discretion: the legislative branch is free to decide what statutes it will write, as long as it stays within its enumerated", "title": "Rule of law" }, { "id": "2432743", "text": "U.S. Constitution was first addressed in the case of \"McCulloch v. Maryland\" (1819). The Court's decision by Chief Justice John Marshall asserted that the laws adopted by the federal government, when exercising its constitutional powers, are generally paramount over any conflicting laws adopted by state governments. After \"McCulloch\", the primary legal issues in this area concerned the scope of Congress' constitutional powers, and whether the states possess certain powers to the exclusion of the federal government, even if the Constitution does not explicitly limit them to the states. The Supremacy Clause of the U.S. Constitution states: In \"The Federalist\" Papers,", "title": "States' rights" }, { "id": "7649962", "text": "judicial power in Article III state: The Supremacy Clause of Article VI states: The power of judicial review has been implied from these provisions based on the following reasoning. It is the inherent duty of the courts to determine the applicable law in any given case. The Supremacy Clause says \"[t]his Constitution\" is the \"supreme law of the land.\" The Constitution therefore is the fundamental law of the United States. Federal statutes are the law of the land only when they are \"made in pursuance\" of the Constitution. State constitutions and statutes are valid only if they are consistent with", "title": "Judicial review in the United States" }, { "id": "427855", "text": "requires that all federal and state legislators, officers, and judges take oaths or affirmations to support the Constitution. This means that the states' constitutions and laws should not conflict with the laws of the federal constitution and that in case of a conflict, state judges are legally bound to honor the federal laws and constitution over those of any state. Article Six also states \"no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.\" Article Seven describes the process for establishing the proposed new frame of government. Anticipating that the", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "427845", "text": "review over the actions of Congress or the executive branch. Two conflicting federal laws are under \"pendent\" jurisdiction if one presents a strict constitutional issue. Federal court jurisdiction is rare when a state legislature enacts something as under federal jurisdiction. To establish a federal system of national law, considerable effort goes into developing a spirit of comity between federal government and states. By the doctrine of 'Res judicata', federal courts give \"full faith and credit\" to State Courts. The Supreme Court will decide Constitutional issues of state law only on a case by case basis, and only by strict Constitutional", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "16064609", "text": "Supremacy Clause The Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution (Article VI, Clause 2) establishes that the Constitution, federal laws made pursuant to it, and treaties made under its authority, constitute the supreme law of the land. It provides that state courts are bound by the supreme law; in case of conflict between federal and state law, the federal law must be applied. Even state constitutions are subordinate to federal law. In essence, it is a conflict-of-laws rule specifying that certain federal acts take priority over any state acts that conflict with federal law. In this respect, the Supremacy Clause", "title": "Supremacy Clause" }, { "id": "427862", "text": "the Constitution as soon as it is ratified by three-fourths of the States (currently 38 of the 50 States). There is no further step. The text requires no additional action by Congress or anyone else after ratification by the required number of states. Thus, when the Office of the Federal Register verifies that it has received the required number of authenticated ratification documents, it drafts a formal proclamation for the Archivist to certify that the amendment is valid and has become part of the nation's frame of government. This certification is published in the \"Federal Register\" and \"United States Statutes", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "16017227", "text": "United States constitutional law United States constitutional law is the body of law governing the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. United States constitutional law defines the scope and application of the terms of the Constitution. It covers areas of law such as the relationship between the federal government and state governments, the rights of individuals, and other fundamental aspects of the application of government authority in the United States. It is a field of law that is broad and complex. Some constitutional scholars maintain that the authors of the Constitution intended that it be vague and subject", "title": "United States constitutional law" }, { "id": "16017201", "text": "United States constitutional law United States constitutional law is the body of law governing the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. United States constitutional law defines the scope and application of the terms of the Constitution. It covers areas of law such as the relationship between the federal government and state governments, the rights of individuals, and other fundamental aspects of the application of government authority in the United States. It is a field of law that is broad and complex. Some constitutional scholars maintain that the authors of the Constitution intended that it be vague and subject", "title": "United States constitutional law" }, { "id": "6683581", "text": "Rights, and the Fourteenth Amendment form the central basis of Americans' individual rights. All laws and governmental procedures are subject to judicial review and any law ruled by the courts to be in violation of the Constitution is voided. The principle of judicial review, not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, was established by the Supreme Court in \"Marbury v. Madison\" (1803) in a decision handed down by Chief Justice John Marshall. The United States is a federal republic of 50 states, a federal district, five territories and several uninhabited island possessions. The states and territories are the principal administrative districts", "title": "United States" }, { "id": "7649999", "text": "review is not expressly delegated to the courts in the Constitution. The Tenth Amendment reserves to the states (or to the people) those powers not delegated to the federal government. The second argument is that the states alone have the power to ratify changes to the \"supreme law\" (the U.S. Constitution), and that the states should play some role in interpreting its meaning. Under this theory, allowing only federal courts to definitively conduct judicial review of federal law allows the national government to interpret its own restrictions as it sees fit, with no meaningful input from the ratifying power. In", "title": "Judicial review in the United States" }, { "id": "4823508", "text": "purpose of the CRA is to restrict the appellate jurisdiction of the United States Supreme Court and all lower federal courts to that jurisdiction permitted them by the Constitution of the United States. The acknowledgment of God as the sovereign source of law, liberty, and government is contained within the Declaration of Independence which is cited as the 'organic law' of our Country by United States Code Annotated. The constitution of every state of the Union acknowledges God and His sovereignty, as do three branches of the federal government. The acknowledgment of God is not a legitimate subject of review", "title": "Constitution Restoration Act" }, { "id": "427893", "text": "Court, say \"what the law is\". Courts established by the Constitution can regulate government under the Constitution, the supreme law of the land. First, they have jurisdiction over actions by an officer of government and state law. Second, federal courts may rule on whether coordinate branches of national government conform to the Constitution. Until the twentieth century, the Supreme Court of the United States may have been the only high tribunal in the world to use a court for constitutional interpretation of fundamental law, others generally depending on their national legislature. The basic theory of American Judicial review is summarized", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "694151", "text": "Clause 1 of Section 2 of Article Three of the United States Constitution describes the scope of federal judicial power, but only extended it to \"the Laws of the United States\" and not the laws of the several or individual states. The U.S. Supreme Court can but is not required to review final decisions of state courts, after a party exhausts all remedies up to a request for relief from the state's highest appellate court, if the Court believes that the case involves an important question of federal law. Because of the aforementioned silence in the Constitution (as well as", "title": "State court (United States)" }, { "id": "16017215", "text": "generally considered exclusive to the federal government) are: Although, for all practical purposes (as proved by the fact of the U.S. Civil War), the federal government does not actually govern by the \"consent of the states,\" some of the more important powers reserved by the states to themselves in the Constitution are: The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution defines the scope of when and in what circumstances a state may be taken to federal court. Taken literally, the Amendment prohibits a citizen from suing a state in federal court through the sovereign immunity doctrine. However, the Court has", "title": "United States constitutional law" }, { "id": "427854", "text": "for equal representation of the states in the Senate. The shield protecting this clause from the amendment process is less absolute – \"no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate\" – but permanent. Article Six establishes the Constitution, and all federal laws and treaties of the United States made according to it, to be the supreme law of the land, and that \"the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, any thing in the laws or constitutions of any state notwithstanding.\" It validates national debt created under the Articles of Confederation and", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "427844", "text": "laws of the United States and its treaties come under the jurisdiction of federal courts. Cases under international maritime law and conflicting land grants of different states come under federal courts. Cases between U.S. citizens in different states, and cases between U.S. citizens and foreign states and their citizens, come under federal jurisdiction. The trials will be in the state where the crime was committed. No part of the Constitution expressly authorizes judicial review, but the Framers did contemplate the idea. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land. Precedent has since established that the courts could exercise judicial", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "2733992", "text": "were \"revised, corrected and enlarged\" for good government and preservation of the Union. The Senate is elected by the states, at first by the state legislatures. Congress passes acts for revenue collected directly in the states, and the rulings of state courts are reviewed by the Supreme Court. State apportionment for taxes failed, but the 'house' is apportioned by the population count of free inhabitants and three-fifths of others originally. States can be added to the Union. Presidents appoint federal judges. Treaties entered into by Congress are the supreme law of the land. All state judiciaries are bound to enforce", "title": "History of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "4045553", "text": "laws and regulations of right and wrong behavior that are enforceable by the state (federal, state, or local governmental body in the U.S.) through the exercise of its policing powers and judicial process, with the threat and use of penalties, including its monopoly on the right to use physical violence. \" The \"principle of legality\" is the legal ideal that requires all law to be clear, ascertainable and non-retrospective. It requires decision makers to resolve disputes by applying legal rules that have been declared beforehand, and not to alter the legal situation retrospectively by discretionary departures from established law. It", "title": "Legality" }, { "id": "3221104", "text": "the federal government, each of which is sovereign over its own affairs. Sometimes, the Supreme Court has even analogized the States to being foreign countries to each other to explain the American system of State sovereignty. However, each state's sovereignty is limited by the U.S. Constitution, which is the supreme law of both the United States as a nation and each state; in the event of a conflict, a valid federal law controls. As a result, although the federal government is (as discussed above) recognized as sovereign and has supreme power over those matters within its control, the American constitutional", "title": "Preamble to the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "2432742", "text": "States' rights In American political discourse, states' rights are political powers held for the state governments rather than the federal government according to the United States Constitution, reflecting especially the enumerated powers of Congress and the Tenth Amendment. The enumerated powers that are listed in the Constitution include exclusive federal powers, as well as concurrent powers that are shared with the states, and all of those powers are contrasted with the reserved powers—also called states' rights—that only the states possess. The balance of federal powers and those powers held by the states as defined in the Supremacy Clause of the", "title": "States' rights" }, { "id": "428128", "text": "Article Four of the United States Constitution Article Four of the United States Constitution outlines the relationship between the various states, as well as the relationship between each state and the United States federal government. It also empowers Congress to admit new states and administer the territories and other federal lands. The Full Faith and Credit Clause requires states to extend \"full faith and credit\" to the public acts, records and court proceedings of other states. The Supreme Court has held that this clause prevents states from reopening cases which have been conclusively decided by the courts of another state.", "title": "Article Four of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "1602852", "text": "in many cases the appellate court from the State Supreme Courts (e.g., absent the Court countenancing the applicability of the \"doctrine of adequate and independent State grounds\"). The Supreme Courts of each state are by this doctrine the final authority on the interpretation of the applicable state's laws and Constitution. Many state constitution provisions are equal in breadth to those of the U.S. Constitution, but are considered \"parallel\" (thus, where, for example, the right to privacy pursuant to a state constitution is broader than the federal right to privacy, and the asserted ground is explicitly held to be \"independent\", the", "title": "Federal government of the United States" }, { "id": "3044381", "text": "water rights known as the prior appropriation doctrine, which is derived from Spanish civil law. It should be noted that each state has modified the doctrine to suit its own internal conditions and needs. State law (United States) In the United States, state law refers to the law of each separate U.S. state. The fifty American states are separate sovereigns, with their own state constitutions, state governments, and state courts. All states have a legislative branch which enacts state statutes, an executive branch that promulgates state regulations pursuant to statutory authorization, and a judicial branch that applies, interprets, and occasionally", "title": "State law (United States)" }, { "id": "1602829", "text": "House of Representatives. The approval of both chambers is required to pass all legislation, which then may only become law by being signed by the president (or, if the president vetoes the bill, both houses of Congress then re-pass the bill, but by a two-thirds majority of each chamber, in which case the bill becomes law without the president's signature). The powers of Congress are limited to those enumerated in the Constitution; all other powers are reserved to the states and the people. The Constitution also includes the \"Necessary and Proper Clause\", which grants Congress the power to \"make all", "title": "Federal government of the United States" }, { "id": "5668926", "text": "Constitutional right A constitutional right can be a prerogative or a duty, a power or a restraint of power, recognized and established by a sovereign state or union of states. All constitutional rights are expressly stipulated and written in a consolidated national constitution, which is the supreme law of the land, meaning that any other laws which are in contradiction with it are considered unconstitutional and thus regarded as invalid. Usually any constitution defines the structure, functions, powers, and limits of the national government and the individual freedoms, rights, and obligations which will be protected and enforced when needed by", "title": "Constitutional right" }, { "id": "427860", "text": "regime principles proclaimed in the Declaration of Independence. This dual reference can also be found in the Articles of Confederation and the Northwest Ordinance. The closing endorsement serves an authentication function only. It neither assigns powers to the federal government nor does it provide specific limitations on government action. It does however, provide essential documentation of the Constitution's validity, a statement of \"This is what was agreed to.\" It records who signed the Constitution, and when and where. The Constitution has twenty-seven amendments. Structurally, the Constitution's original text and all prior amendments remain untouched. The precedent for this practice was", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "428195", "text": "land raised the specter of an implicit, but no less effective, religious test. John F. Kennedy, in his on 12 September 1960, addressed the question directly, saying, Article Six of the United States Constitution Article Six of the United States Constitution establishes the laws and treaties of the United States made in accordance with it as the supreme law of the land, forbids a religious test as a requirement for holding a governmental position and holds the United States under the Constitution responsible for debts incurred by the United States under the Articles of Confederation. The first clause of the", "title": "Article Six of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "427803", "text": "United States Constitution The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six embody concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments, the states in relationship to the federal government, and the", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "427920", "text": "United States Constitution The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six embody concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments, the states in relationship to the federal government, and the", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "16017204", "text": "and executive branches of the federal government, on the lower courts in the federal system, and on all state courts. This system of binding interpretations or precedents evolved from the common law system (called \"stare decisis\"), where courts are bound by their own prior decisions and by the decisions of higher courts. While neither English common law courts nor continental civil law courts generally had the power to declare legislation unconstitutional (only the power to change law), the United States Supreme Court has long been understood to have the power to declare federal or state legislation unconstitutional. Before deciding a", "title": "United States constitutional law" }, { "id": "11065592", "text": "Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in 1798. Courts at the state and federal level, including the U.S. Supreme Court, repeatedly have rejected the theory of nullification. The courts have decided that under the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution, federal law is superior to state law, and that under Article III of the Constitution, the federal judiciary has the final power to interpret the Constitution. Therefore, the power to make final decisions about the constitutionality of federal laws lies with the federal courts, not the states, and the states do not have the power to nullify federal laws. Between 1798 and the", "title": "Nullification (U.S. Constitution)" }, { "id": "3517934", "text": "of the United States and the states, respectively. The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, part of the Bill of Rights, provides that \"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\" The Guarantee Clause of Article 4 of the Constitution states that \"The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government.\" These two provisions indicate states did not surrender their wide latitude to adopt a constitution, the fundamental documents of state law,", "title": "State constitution (United States)" }, { "id": "427806", "text": "safeguard the interests of majority rule and minority rights, of liberty and equality, and of the federal and state governments.\" The first permanent constitution of its kind, adopted by the people's representatives for an expansive nation, it is interpreted, supplemented, and implemented by a large body of constitutional law, and has influenced the constitutions of other nations. From September 5, 1774, to March 1, 1781, the Continental Congress functioned as the provisional government of the United States. Delegates to the First (1774) and then the Second (1775–1781) Continental Congress were chosen largely through the action of committees of correspondence in", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "6271196", "text": "Foreign judgments may be recognized either unilaterally or based on principles of comity, i.e. mutual deference between courts in different countries. In English courts, the bases of the enforcement of foreign judgments are not comity, but the doctrine of obligation. Between two different States in the United States, enforcement is generally required under the \"Full Faith and Credit Clause\" (Article IV, Section 1) of the U.S. Constitution, which compels a State to give another State's Judgment an effect as if it were local. This usually requires some sort of an abbreviated application on notice, or docketing. Between one State in", "title": "Enforcement of foreign judgments" }, { "id": "11065597", "text": "contrary notwithstanding.\" The courts have held that federal laws are therefore superior to state laws and cannot be negated by the states. Federal laws are valid and are controlling, so long as those laws were adopted in pursuance of—that is, consistent with—the Constitution. Determining whether a federal law is consistent with the Constitution requires interpretation of the law, which is inherently a judicial function. The federal judicial power granted by Article III of the Constitution gives the federal courts authority over all cases \"arising under this Constitution [or] the laws of the United States.\" The federal courts therefore have been", "title": "Nullification (U.S. Constitution)" }, { "id": "14610737", "text": "Law of the United States The law of the United States comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the United States Constitution, the foundation of the federal government of the United States. The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of acts of Congress, treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of general and permanent federal statutory law. Federal law and treaties, so long as they", "title": "Law of the United States" }, { "id": "4811866", "text": "Police power (United States constitutional law) In United States constitutional law, police power is the capacity of the states to regulate behavior and enforce order within their territory for the betterment of the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of their inhabitants. Under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, the powers not delegated to the Federal Government are reserved to the states or to the people. This implies that the Federal Government does not possess all possible powers, because most of these are reserved to the State governments, and others are reserved to the people. Police power is", "title": "Police power (United States constitutional law)" }, { "id": "12360630", "text": "Law Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior. It has been defined both as \"the Science of Justice\" and \"the Art of Justice\". Law is a system that regulates and ensures that individuals or a community adhere to the will of the state. State-enforced laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or established by judges through precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements", "title": "Law" }, { "id": "3221105", "text": "system also recognizes the concept of \"State sovereignty,\" where certain matters are susceptible to government regulation, but only at the State and not the federal level. For example, although the federal government prosecutes crimes against the United States (such as treason, or interference with the postal system), the general administration of criminal justice is reserved to the States. Notwithstanding sometimes broad statements by the Supreme Court regarding the \"supreme\" and \"exclusive\" powers the State and Federal governments exercise, the Supreme Court and State courts have also recognized that much of their power is held and exercised concurrently. The phrase \"People", "title": "Preamble to the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "427895", "text": "resembled the system in New York, where the Constitution of 1777 called for a \"Council of Revision\" by the Governor and Justices of the state supreme court. The Council would review and in a way, veto any passed legislation violating the spirit of the Constitution before it went into effect. The nationalist's proposal in Convention was defeated three times, and replaced by a presidential veto with Congressional over-ride. Judicial review relies on the jurisdictional authority in Article III, and the Supremacy Clause. The justification for judicial review is to be explicitly found in the open ratifications held in the states", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "73299", "text": "Constitutional law Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in federal countries such as the United States and Canada, the relationship between the central government and state, provincial, or territorial governments. Not all nation states have codified constitutions, though all such states have a \"jus commune\", or law of the land, that may consist of a variety of imperative and consensual rules. These may include customary law, conventions,", "title": "Constitutional law" }, { "id": "428579", "text": "Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution The Tenth Amendment (Amendment X) to the United States Constitution, which is part of the Bill of Rights, was ratified on December 15, 1791. It expresses the principle of federalism and states' rights, which strictly supports the entire plan of the original Constitution for the United States of America, by stating that the federal government possesses only those powers delegated to it by the United States Constitution. All remaining powers are reserved for the states or the people. The amendment was proposed by the 1st United States Congress in 1789 during its first", "title": "Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "428026", "text": "the adoption of a comprehensive federal bankruptcy law in 1898. Still more powers are prohibited of the states. States may not, without the consent of Congress, tax imports or exports except for the fulfillment of state inspection laws (which may be revised by Congress). The net revenue of the tax is paid not to the state, but to the federal Treasury. Under the Compact Clause, states may not, without the consent of Congress, keep troops or armies during times of peace. They may not enter into alliances nor compacts with foreign states, nor engage in war unless invaded. States may,", "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "7649988", "text": "of the courts, which is at the heart of the doctrine of judicial review. It would be an \"absurdity\", said Marshall, to require the courts to apply a law that is void. Rather, it is the inherent duty of the courts to interpret and apply the Constitution, and to determine whether there is a conflict between a statute and the Constitution: Marshall stated that the courts are authorized by the provisions of the Constitution itself to \"look into\" the Constitution, that is, to interpret and apply it, and that they have the duty to refuse to enforce any laws that", "title": "Judicial review in the United States" }, { "id": "13423762", "text": "and state courts (at all levels, both appellate and trial) are able to review and declare the \"constitutionality\", or agreement with the Constitution (or lack thereof) of legislation by a process of judicial interpretation that is relevant to any case properly within their jurisdiction. In American legal language, \"judicial review\" refers primarily to the adjudication of constitutionality of statutes, especially by the Supreme Court of the United States. This is commonly held to have been established in the case of \"Marbury v. Madison,\" which was argued before the Supreme Court in 1803. A similar system was also adopted in Australia.", "title": "Judicial review" }, { "id": "7649957", "text": "Judicial review in the United States In the United States, judicial review is the ability of a court to examine and decide if a statute, treaty or administrative regulation contradicts or violates the provisions of existing law, a State Constitution, or ultimately the United States Constitution. While the U.S. Constitution does not explicitly define a power of judicial review, the authority for judicial review in the United States has been inferred from the structure, provisions, and history of the Constitution. Two landmark decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court served to confirm the inferred constitutional authority for judicial review in the", "title": "Judicial review in the United States" }, { "id": "7691905", "text": "Act of state doctrine The act-of-state doctrine or foreign act of state doctrine is a principle in English and United States law which states that every sovereign state is bound to respect the independence of every other sovereign state, and the courts will not sit in judgment of another government's acts done within its own territory. The doctrine is not required by international law (neither customary international law nor treaty law), but it is a principle recognized and adhered to by United States federal and state courts. In the United States, the rationales for the doctrine include respect for other", "title": "Act of state doctrine" }, { "id": "427894", "text": "by constitutional legal scholars and historians as follows: the written Constitution is fundamental law. It can change only by extraordinary legislative process of national proposal, then state ratification. The powers of all departments are limited to enumerated grants found in the Constitution. Courts are expected (a) to enforce provisions of the Constitution as the supreme law of the land, and (b) to refuse to enforce anything in conflict with it. In Convention. As to judicial review and the Congress, the first proposals by Madison (Va) and Wilson (Pa) called for a supreme court veto over national legislation. In this it", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "2432783", "text": "misuse. States' rights In American political discourse, states' rights are political powers held for the state governments rather than the federal government according to the United States Constitution, reflecting especially the enumerated powers of Congress and the Tenth Amendment. The enumerated powers that are listed in the Constitution include exclusive federal powers, as well as concurrent powers that are shared with the states, and all of those powers are contrasted with the reserved powers—also called states' rights—that only the states possess. The balance of federal powers and those powers held by the states as defined in the Supremacy Clause of", "title": "States' rights" }, { "id": "694118", "text": "State court (United States) In the United States, a state court has jurisdiction over disputes with some connection to a U.S. state, as opposed to the federal government. State courts handle the vast majority of civil and criminal cases in the United States; United States federal courts handle different types of cases. Generally, state courts are common law courts, and apply their respective state laws and procedures to decide cases. They are organized pursuant to and apply the law in accordance with their state's constitution, state statutes, and binding decisions of courts in their state court hierarchy. Where applicable, they", "title": "State court (United States)" }, { "id": "73310", "text": "to curb the powers of the Government. In many modern nation states, power is divided and vested into three branches of government: The Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary. The first and the second are harmonised in traditional Westminster forms of government. Constitutional law Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in federal countries such as the United States and Canada, the relationship between the central government and", "title": "Constitutional law" }, { "id": "12258455", "text": "of other states with respect to their basic rights, under the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Under Article IV, each state is guaranteed a form of government that is grounded in republican principles, such as the consent of the governed. This guarantee has long been at the fore-front of the debate about the rights of citizens vis-à-vis the government. States are also guaranteed protection from invasion, and, upon the application of the state legislature (or executive, if the legislature cannot be convened), from domestic violence. This provision was discussed during the 1967 Detroit riot, but was not invoked. The Supremacy Clause", "title": "U.S. state" }, { "id": "1602833", "text": "provide for, arm and discipline the militia, exercise exclusive legislation in the District of Columbia, and to make laws necessary to properly execute powers. Over the two centuries since the United States was formed, many disputes have arisen over the limits on the powers of the federal government. These disputes have often been the subject of lawsuits that have ultimately been decided by the United States Supreme Court. Congressional oversight is intended to prevent waste and fraud, protect civil liberties and individual rights, ensure executive compliance with the law, gather information for making laws and educating the public, and evaluate", "title": "Federal government of the United States" }, { "id": "6014781", "text": "Canadian constitutional law Canadian constitutional law () is the area of Canadian law relating to the interpretation and application of the Constitution of Canada by the courts. All laws of Canada, both provincial and federal, must conform to the Constitution and any laws inconsistent with the Constitution have no force or effect. In \"Reference re Secession of Quebec\", the Supreme Court characterized four fundamental and organizing principles of the Constitution (though not exhaustive): federalism; democracy; constitutionalism and the rule of law. Under the authority of section 52(1) of the \"Constitution Act, 1982\", courts may review all matters of law. Accordingly,", "title": "Canadian constitutional law" }, { "id": "2432745", "text": "very little, if any, authority to overrule individual state actions. The Constitution subsequently strengthened the central government, authorizing it to exercise powers deemed necessary to exercise its authority, with an ambiguous boundary between the two co-existing levels of government. In the event of any conflict between state and federal law, the Constitution resolved the conflict via the Supremacy Clause of Article VI in favor of the federal government, which declares federal law the \"supreme Law of the Land\" and provides that \"the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State", "title": "States' rights" }, { "id": "428188", "text": "Constitution, federal laws made pursuant to it and treaties made under its authority, constitute the supreme law of the land. It provides that state courts are bound by the supreme law; in case of conflict between federal and state law, the federal law must be applied. Even state constitutions are subordinate to federal law. The Supreme Court under John Marshall was influential in construing the supremacy clause. It first ruled that it had the power to review the decisions of state courts allegedly in conflict with the supreme law, claims of \"state sovereignty\" notwithstanding. In \"Martin v. Hunter's Lessee\" (1816),", "title": "Article Six of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "699770", "text": "law, setting precedent for other courts to follow. This branch of the state is often tasked with ensuring equal justice under law. In many jurisdictions the judicial branch has the power to change laws through the process of judicial review. Courts with judicial review power may annul the laws and rules of the state when it finds them incompatible with a higher norm, such as primary legislation, the provisions of the constitution or international law. Judges constitute a critical force for interpretation and implementation of a constitution, thus \"de facto\" in common law countries creating the body of constitutional law.", "title": "Judiciary" }, { "id": "14938359", "text": "of the United States consists of many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the United States Constitution, the foundation of the federal government of the United States. The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of constitutional acts of Congress, constitutional treaties ratified by Congress, constitutional regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary. The Constitution and federal law are the supreme law of the land, thus preempting conflicting state and territorial laws in the fifty U.S. states and in the territories. However,", "title": "International child abduction in the United States" }, { "id": "428187", "text": "Article Six of the United States Constitution Article Six of the United States Constitution establishes the laws and treaties of the United States made in accordance with it as the supreme law of the land, forbids a religious test as a requirement for holding a governmental position and holds the United States under the Constitution responsible for debts incurred by the United States under the Articles of Confederation. The first clause of the Article provides that debts contracted prior to the adoption of the Constitution remain valid, as they were under the Articles of Confederation. Clause two provides that the", "title": "Article Six of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "6683577", "text": "by minority rights protected by law\". The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances defined by the U.S. Constitution, which serves as the country's supreme legal document. For 2016, the U.S. ranked 21st on the Democracy Index (tied with Italy) and 18th on the Corruption Perceptions Index. In the American federalist system, citizens are usually subject to three levels of government: federal, state, and local. The local government's duties are commonly split between county and municipal governments. In almost all cases, executive and legislative officials are elected by a plurality vote of citizens by district. There is", "title": "United States" }, { "id": "73300", "text": "statutory law, judge-made law, or international rules and norms. Constitutional law deals with the fundamental principles by which the government exercises its authority. In some instances, these principles grant specific powers to the government, such as the power to tax and spend for the welfare of the population. Other times, constitutional principles act to place limits on what the government can do, such as prohibiting the arrest of an individual without sufficient cause. In most nations, such as the United States, India, and Singapore, constitutional law is based on the text of a document ratified at the time the nation", "title": "Constitutional law" }, { "id": "396695", "text": "judgments of a state's highest court can be sought in the U.S. Supreme Court). Under American federalism, the interpretation of a state supreme court on a matter of state law is normally final and binding and must be accepted in both state and federal courts. Federal courts may overrule a state court only when there is a federal question, which is to say, a specific issue (such as consistency with the Federal Constitution) that gives rise to federal jurisdiction. Federal appellate review of state supreme court rulings on such matters may be sought by way of a petition for writ", "title": "State supreme court" }, { "id": "11065607", "text": "safely established under the first alone, is a position not likely to be combated.\" Federalist No. 44 discusses the role of the states in checking actions of Congress that exceed its delegated powers. According to Federalist No. 44, the role of the states is to \"sound the alarm\" regarding any unconstitutional exercise of power by Congress, and to assist in electing new representatives to Congress. Federalist No. 44 does not imply that the states have the power to legally nullify federal law, although this would have been an appropriate context in which to mention it if such a power were", "title": "Nullification (U.S. Constitution)" }, { "id": "1602825", "text": "the U.S. Constitution is the idea of \"checks and balances\" among the powers and responsibilities of the three branches of American government: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary. For example, while the legislative branch (Congress) has the power to create law, the executive branch under the president can veto any legislation—an act which, in turn, can be overridden by Congress. The president nominates judges to the nation's highest judiciary authority, the Supreme Court, but those nominees must be approved by Congress. The Supreme Court, in turn, can invalidate unconstitutional laws passed by the Congress. These and other examples are", "title": "Federal government of the United States" }, { "id": "427890", "text": "number of states to become part of the Constitution. Four of these are technically still pending, as Congress did not set a time limit (see also \"Coleman v. Miller\") for their ratification. The other two are no longer pending, as both had a time limit attached and in both cases the time period set for their ratification expired. The way the Constitution is understood is influenced by court decisions, especially those of the Supreme Court. These decisions are referred to as precedents. Judicial review is the power of the Court to examine federal legislation, federal executive, and all state branches", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "16633007", "text": "Constitutional review Constitutional review, or constitutionality review or constitutional control, is the evaluation, in some countries, of the constitutionality of the laws. It's supposed to be a system of preventing violation of the rights granted by the constitution, assuring its efficacy, their stability and preservation. There are very specific situations in which the constitutional review differs from common law to civil law, as well as the judicial review in general. In the countries that have written and rigid constitutions, they (the constitutions) represent the supreme norm of the juridical order, sited on the top of the pyramid of norms. It's", "title": "Constitutional review" }, { "id": "6169013", "text": "Rules of Decision Act The Rules of Decision Act mandates that substantive state law be applied in state cases, unless the United States Constitution, Treaties of the United States, or Congress says otherwise. The federal courts' authority to exercise general federal common law in state cases sitting in diversity jurisdiction were made possible by the Rules of Decision Act. This was later overturned in Erie. In significant part, the rule authorizes congress to make rules that must be followed by the federal courts. This later becomes problematic when a collision between substantive state right laws conflict with federal rules of", "title": "Rules of Decision Act" }, { "id": "5195942", "text": "s. 91—known as the Peace, Order and Good Government clause—or the provinces residual jurisdiction of \"Property and Civil Rights\" under s. 92(13) of the 1867 Constitution Act. This contrasts with other federal jurisdictions, notably the United States and Australia, where it is presumed that if legislation is not enacted pursuant to a specific provision of the federal Constitution, the states will have authority over the relevant matter in their respective jurisdictions, unless the state's definitions of their statutes conflicts with federally established or recognized rights. It is presumed that a statute will be interpreted so as to be internally consistent.", "title": "Statutory interpretation" }, { "id": "220153", "text": "law a part of the \"Supreme Law of the Land\" (along with the Constitution itself and acts of Congress passed pursuant to it) (U.S. Const.art. VI Cl. 2) and, as such, the law of the land is binding on the federal government as well as on state and local governments. According to the Supreme Court of the United States, the treaty power authorizes Congress to legislate under the Necessary and Proper Clause in areas beyond those specifically conferred on Congress (\"Missouri v. Holland\", 252 U.S. 416 (1920)). This concerns the relationships both between courts in different jurisdictions, and between courts", "title": "Jurisdiction" }, { "id": "3221113", "text": "imposing taxes. Also, the institution was created as a government over the States and people, not an agreement (union) between the States. Later, the phrase came to mean the continual process of improvement of the country. The phrase has also been interpreted to support the federal supremacy clause and that state nullification of any federal law, dissolution of the Union, or secession from it, are not contemplated by the Constitution. Preamble to the United States Constitution The Preamble to the United States Constitution is a brief introductory statement of the Constitution's fundamental purposes and guiding principles. It states in general", "title": "Preamble to the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "699765", "text": "Legal Services Board, composed of non-lawyers, following the passage of the Legal Services Act 2007. This saw the establishment of the Solicitors Regulation Authority to regulate solicitors and the Bar Standards Board to regulate barristers. Article III of the United States Constitution establishes the federal courts as part of the federal government. The Constitution provides that federal judges, including judges of the Supreme Court of the United States, are appointed by the President \"by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.\" Once appointed, federal judges: Federal judges vacate office only upon death, resignation, or impeachment and removal from", "title": "Judicial independence" }, { "id": "11065608", "text": "thought to exist. Federalist No. 78 says that the federal courts have the power \"to pronounce legislative acts void, because contrary to the Constitution.\" Federalist No. 80 asserts that the final authority to interpret the Constitution and federal law lies in the federal courts, not the states, because of the need for uniformity. Likewise, Federalist No. 22 says that the federal courts should interpret federal law due to the need for uniformity. Federalist No. 82 says that because of the need for uniformity and the federal government's need to effectively enforce its laws, the Constitution gives the Supreme Court the", "title": "Nullification (U.S. Constitution)" }, { "id": "16923011", "text": "Ideological leanings of United States Supreme Court justices The United States Supreme Court is the highest federal court of the United States. Established pursuant to Article Three of the United States Constitution in 1789, it has ultimate (and largely discretionary) appellate jurisdiction over all federal courts and state court cases involving issues of federal law plus original jurisdiction over a small range of cases. In the legal system of the United States, the Supreme Court is generally the final interpreter of federal law including the United States Constitution, but it may act only within the context of a case in", "title": "Ideological leanings of United States Supreme Court justices" }, { "id": "428131", "text": "also requires the United States to protect each state from invasion, and, at the request of a state, from \"domestic violence.\" The first section requires states to extend \"full faith and credit\" to the public acts, records and court proceedings of other states. Congress may regulate the manner in which proof of such acts, records or proceedings may be admitted. In \"Mills v. Duryee\", , the United States Supreme Court ruled that the merits of a case, as settled by courts of one state, must be recognized by the courts of other states; state courts may not reopen cases which", "title": "Article Four of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "427896", "text": "and reported in their newspapers. John Marshall in Virginia, James Wilson in Pennsylvania and Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut all argued for Supreme Court judicial review of acts of state legislature. In Federalist No. 78, Alexander Hamilton advocated the doctrine of a written document held as a superior enactment of the people. \"A limited constitution can be preserved in practice no other way\" than through courts which can declare void any legislation contrary to the Constitution. The preservation of the people's authority over legislatures rests \"particularly with judges\". The Supreme Court was initially made up of jurists who had been intimately", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "11065596", "text": "have the power to nullify federal laws. The courts have rejected the compact theory, finding that the Constitution was not a contract among the states. Rather, the Constitution was established directly by the people, as stated in the preamble: \"We the people of the United States. . . .\" The people made the federal government superior to the states in certain ways. Under the Supremacy Clause of Article VI, the Constitution and federal laws made in pursuance thereof are \"the supreme law of the land . . . any thing in the constitution or laws of any state to the", "title": "Nullification (U.S. Constitution)" }, { "id": "396696", "text": "of \"certiorari\" to the Supreme Court of the United States. As the U.S. Supreme Court recognized in \"Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins\" (1938), no part of the federal Constitution actually grants federal courts or the federal Congress the power to directly dictate the content of state law (as distinguished from creating altogether separate federal law that in a particular situation may override state law). Clause 1 of Section 2 of Article Three of the United States Constitution describes the scope of federal judicial power, but only extended it to \"the Laws of the United States\" and not the laws of", "title": "State supreme court" }, { "id": "4811872", "text": "use planning and dealt with the construction of a wharf on privately owned tidelands around Boston Harbor. Police power (United States constitutional law) In United States constitutional law, police power is the capacity of the states to regulate behavior and enforce order within their territory for the betterment of the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of their inhabitants. Under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, the powers not delegated to the Federal Government are reserved to the states or to the people. This implies that the Federal Government does not possess all possible powers, because most of", "title": "Police power (United States constitutional law)" }, { "id": "1602842", "text": "Protection Agency (EPA), and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). In addition, there are government-owned corporations such as the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the National Railroad Passenger Corporation. The Judiciary explains and applies the laws. This branch does this by hearing and eventually making decisions on various legal cases. Article III section I of the Constitution establishes the Supreme Court of the United States and authorizes the United States Congress to establish inferior courts as their need shall arise. Section I also establishes a lifetime tenure for all federal judges and states that their compensation may not", "title": "Federal government of the United States" }, { "id": "428130", "text": "Admissions Clause grants Congress the authority to admit new states, but forbids the creation of new states from parts of existing states without the consent of the affected states. The Supreme Court has held that the Constitution requires all states to be admitted on an equal footing, though the Admissions Clause does not expressly include this requirement. The Property Clause grants Congress the power to make laws for the territories and other federal lands. The Guarantee Clause mandates that United States guarantee that all states have a \"republican form of government,\" though it does not define this term. Article Four", "title": "Article Four of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "4305794", "text": "Incorporation of the Bill of Rights Incorporation, in United States law, is the doctrine by which portions of the Bill of Rights have been made applicable to the states. When the Bill of Rights was ratified, courts held that its protections only extended to the actions of the federal government and that the Bill of Rights did not place limitations on the authority of state and local governments. However, the post-Civil War era, beginning in 1865 with the Thirteenth Amendment, which declared the abolition of slavery, gave rise to the incorporation of other Amendments, providing more rights to the states", "title": "Incorporation of the Bill of Rights" }, { "id": "14924925", "text": "of all citizens regardless of race, including voting rights, due process, and equal protection under the law. Generally militia forces are controlled by state governments, not Congress. Congress also has implied powers, which derive from the Necessary and Proper Clause of the Constitution and permit Congress \"To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.\" Broad interpretations of this clause and of the Commerce Clause, the enumerated power to regulate", "title": "Powers of the United States Congress" }, { "id": "434158", "text": "weights and measures, establish Courts inferior to the Supreme Court, and \"make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.\" Article Four gives Congress the power to admit new states into the Union. One of Congress's foremost non-legislative functions is the power to investigate and oversee the executive branch. Congressional oversight is usually delegated to committees and is facilitated by Congress's subpoena power. Some critics have charged that Congress has in", "title": "United States Congress" }, { "id": "15012758", "text": "United States Constitution (better known as the Supremacy Clause) and subsequent Supreme Court rulings establish that states are barred from acting in an area of law where the federal government has already asserted jurisdiction through the passage of law. Additionally, of the Constitution (often called the \"Compact Clause\") bars states from entering into compacts or agreements with one another without the express approval of the United States federal government. Thus, for the New York–New Jersey legislation to survive constitutional scrutiny, the federal government would also need to approve it. Congress did exactly that, and on August 12, 1953 (two and", "title": "De Veau v. Braisted" }, { "id": "794742", "text": "only maintains the official documentation of the passage of amendments to the U.S. Constitution by state legislatures, but has the authority to declare when the constitutional threshold for passage has been reached, and therefore when an act has become an amendment. The Office of the Federal Register publishes the \"Federal Register\", \"Code of Federal Regulations\", and \"United States Statutes at Large\", among others. It also administers the Electoral College. The National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)—the agency's grant-making arm—awards funds to state and local governments, public and private archives, colleges and universities, and other nonprofit organizations to preserve and", "title": "National Archives and Records Administration" }, { "id": "427838", "text": "preserve, protect and defend the Constitution. The president is the Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces and state militias when they are mobilized. He or she makes treaties with the advice and consent of a two-thirds quorum of the Senate. To administer the federal government, the president commissions all the offices of the federal government as Congress directs; he or she may require the opinions of its principal officers and make \"recess appointments\" for vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate. The president is to see that the laws are faithfully executed, though he", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "11687709", "text": "the legislative and judicial branches of the federal government. Federal law enforcement in the United States is more than two hundred years old. For example, the Postal Inspection Service can trace its origins back to 1772. Agencies in bold text are law enforcement agencies (LEAs). Independent Agencies and federally-administered institutions; Federal law enforcement in the United States Federal law enforcement authorities have authority given to them under various parts of the United States Code (U.S.C.). Federal law enforcement officers enforce various laws, generally at only the federal level. There are exceptions, with some agencies and officials enforcing state and tribal", "title": "Federal law enforcement in the United States" }, { "id": "4295151", "text": "by the framers of the Constitution of Australia, namely, in Section 118 of the Constitution of Australia. Full Faith and Credit Clause Article IV, Section 1 of the United States Constitution, known as the \"Full Faith and Credit Clause\", addresses the duties that states within the United States have to respect the \"public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.\" According to the Supreme Court, there is a difference between the credit owed to laws (i.e. legislative measures and common law) as compared to the credit owed to judgments. Judgments are generally entitled to greater respect than laws,", "title": "Full Faith and Credit Clause" }, { "id": "62711", "text": "during the American Revolution (and before the later Articles of Confederation and United States Constitution), with the exceptions of Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts adopted its Constitution in 1780, the oldest still-functioning constitution of any U.S. state; while Connecticut and Rhode Island officially continued to operate under their old colonial charters, until they adopted their first state constitutions in 1818 and 1843, respectively. What is sometimes called the \"enlightened constitution\" model was developed by philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment such as Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke. The model proposed that constitutional governments should", "title": "Constitution" }, { "id": "17561053", "text": "chosen to explicitly embody a right to bear arms into their state constitutions. Each of the state constitutions, state laws, and state courts addresses the state-based right to bear arms distinctly within its respective jurisdictions. The degree and the nature of the protection, prohibition, and regulation at the state level varies from state to state. The District of Columbia, not being a state, falls within the federal jurisdiction. Approximately thirty-one states have explicitly chosen to include the right to arms for \"individual right\", \"defense of self\", \"defense of home\" or similarly worded reasons. Approximately thirteen states, as with the U.S.", "title": "Right to keep and bear arms in the United States" }, { "id": "14610754", "text": "frequently promulgate an enormous amount of forms, manuals, policy statements, letters, and rulings. These documents may be considered by a court as persuasive authority as to how a particular statute or regulation may be interpreted (known as \"Skidmore\" deference), but are not entitled to \"Chevron\" deference. Unlike the situation with the states, there is no plenary reception statute at the federal level that continued the common law and thereby granted federal courts the power to formulate legal precedent like their English predecessors. Federal courts are solely creatures of the federal Constitution and the federal Judiciary Acts. However, it is universally", "title": "Law of the United States" } ]	who ensures that the states abide by constitutional and federal law
[ "Jacob" ]	[ { "id": "8184102", "text": "fostering nepotism. Cousins are not included in the lists of prohibited relatives provided in the Bible, specifically in the books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy. The Old Testament also contains several examples of married cousins. Two of the most famous are prominent in Genesis. Rebekah was married to Isaac, her first cousin once removed (Genesis 24:12–15). Also, Rachel and Leah were both cousins of Isaac's son Jacob. Jacob loved Rachel and worked seven years for her father Laban in return for permission to marry (Genesis 28–29). Jacob's brother Esau also married his cousin Mahalath, daughter of Ishmael. According to many English", "title": "Cousin marriage" }, { "id": "2177515", "text": "as \"soft\" from weeping. God hearkens to Leah's tears and prayers and allows her to marry Jacob even before Rachel does. Leah becomes Jacob's wife through a deception on the part of her father, Laban. In the Biblical account, Jacob is dispatched to the hometown of Laban—the brother of his mother Rebekah—to avoid being killed by his brother Esau, and to find a wife. Out by the well, he encounters Laban's younger daughter Rachel tending her father's sheep, and decides to marry her. Laban is willing to give Rachel's hand to Jacob as long as he works seven years for", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "2177523", "text": "lovely hands to fashion<br> a garland of the flowers I have gathered.\" Leah Leah is described in the Hebrew Bible as the daughter of Laban. She and her younger sister Rachel became the two concurrent wives of Hebrew patriarch Jacob. She had six sons, whose descendants became some of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. She also had a daughter, Dinah. The Torah introduces Leah by describing her with the phrase, \"Leah had tender eyes\" () (Genesis 29:17). It is argued as to whether the adjective \"tender\" () should be taken to mean \"delicate and soft\" or \"weary\". The commentary of", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "2177513", "text": "Leah Leah is described in the Hebrew Bible as the daughter of Laban. She and her younger sister Rachel became the two concurrent wives of Hebrew patriarch Jacob. She had six sons, whose descendants became some of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. She also had a daughter, Dinah. The Torah introduces Leah by describing her with the phrase, \"Leah had tender eyes\" () (Genesis 29:17). It is argued as to whether the adjective \"tender\" () should be taken to mean \"delicate and soft\" or \"weary\". The commentary of Rashi cites a Rabbinic interpretation of how Leah's eyes became weak. According", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "10418494", "text": "Leah (given name) The meaning of the name “Leah” is different in several languages, countries and cultures and has more than one possibly same or different meanings available. The name is likely to have Hebrew origins from Biblical times. It has the meaning of “wearied” or “grieved”. Many speculate that this meaning has to do with the circumstance of the most commonly know woman named Leah in the Old Testament. She was the first wife of Jacob and the older sister of Rachel, but because he was tricked into marrying her she was unloved her whole life despite the fact", "title": "Leah (given name)" }, { "id": "17028228", "text": "Rebecca Rebecca appears in the Hebrew Bible as the wife of Isaac and the mother of Jacob and Esau. According to biblical tradition, Rebecca was the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean from Paddan Aram, also called Aram-Naharaim, and sister of Laban the Aramean. She was the grand daughter of Milcah (Sarahs sister according to Talmudic teachings) and Nahor (brother of Abraham). Rebecca and Isaac were one of the four couples that some believe are buried in the Cave of the Patriarchs, the other three being Adam and Eve, Abraham and Sarah, and Jacob and Leah. After the Binding of Isaac,", "title": "Rebecca" }, { "id": "2177516", "text": "her. On the wedding night, however, Laban switches Leah for Rachel. Later Laban claims that it is uncustomary to give the younger daughter away in marriage before the older one (Genesis 29:16-30). Laban offers to give Rachel to Jacob in marriage in return for another seven years of work (Genesis 29:27). Jacob accepts the offer and marries Rachel after the week-long celebration of his marriage to Leah. Leah is the mother of six of Jacob's sons, including his first four (Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah), and later two more (Issachar and Zebulun), and a daughter (Dinah). According to the scriptures,", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "2177514", "text": "to this story, Leah was destined to marry Jacob's older twin brother, Esau. In the Rabbinic mind, the two brothers are polar opposites; Jacob being a God-fearing scholar and Esau being a hunter who also indulges in idolatry and adultery. But people were saying, \"Laban has two daughters and his sister, Rebekah, has two sons. The older daughter (Leah) will marry the older son (Esau), and the younger daughter (Rachel) will marry the younger son (Jacob).\" Hearing this, Leah spent most of her time weeping and praying to God to change her destined mate. Thus the Torah describes her eyes", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "17028253", "text": "earlier about her age at marriage). Rebecca Rebecca appears in the Hebrew Bible as the wife of Isaac and the mother of Jacob and Esau. According to biblical tradition, Rebecca was the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean from Paddan Aram, also called Aram-Naharaim, and sister of Laban the Aramean. She was the grand daughter of Milcah (Sarahs sister according to Talmudic teachings) and Nahor (brother of Abraham). Rebecca and Isaac were one of the four couples that some believe are buried in the Cave of the Patriarchs, the other three being Adam and Eve, Abraham and Sarah, and Jacob and", "title": "Rebecca" }, { "id": "2177520", "text": "could have a share in the upbringing of their handmaids' sons, too. Each woman also continually questioned whether she was doing enough in her personal efforts toward increased spirituality, and would use the other's example to spur herself on. Rachel envied Leah's tearful prayers, by which she merited to marry the tzadik and bear six of his twelve sons. The Talmud (\"Megillah\" 13b) says that Rachel revealed to Leah the secret signs which she and Jacob had devised to identify the veiled bride, because they both suspected Laban would pull such a trick. Leah died some time before Jacob (according", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "8299684", "text": "study of women whose spoken words are recorded found 93, of which 49 women are named. The common, ordinary, everyday Hebrew woman is \"largely unseen\" in the pages of the Bible, and the women that are seen, are the unusual who rose to prominence. These prominent women include the Matriarchs Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel, and Leah, Miriam the prophetess, Deborah the Judge, Huldah the prophetess, Abigail, who married David, Rahab, and Esther. A common phenomenon in the bible is the pivotal role that women take in subverting man-made power structures. The result is often a more just outcome than what would", "title": "Women in the Bible" }, { "id": "2177518", "text": "whose roots resemble the human body, is thought to be an aid to fertility. Frustrated that she is not able to conceive at all, Rachel offers to trade her night with their husband in return for the mandrakes. Leah agrees, and that night she sleeps with Jacob and conceives Issachar. Afterwards she gives birth to Zebulun and to a daughter, Dinah. After that, God remembers Rachel and gives her two sons, Joseph and Benjamin. On a homiletical level, the classic Chassidic texts explain the sisters' rivalry as more than marital jealousy. Each woman desired to grow spiritually in her \"avodat", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "2190933", "text": "represented as half-sisters of Leah and Rachel by different mothers. Zilpah In the Book of Genesis, Zilpah (זִלְפָּה \"meaning uncertain,\" Standard Hebrew \"Zilpa\", Tiberian Hebrew \"Zilpāh\") was Leah's handmaid, presumed slave, whom Leah gave to Jacob \"to wife\" to bear him children (). Zilpah gave birth to two sons, whom Leah claimed as her own and named Gad and Asher (). Zilpah is given to Leah as a handmaid by Leah's father, Laban, upon Leah's marriage to Jacob (see , ). According to the early rabbinical commentary Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer, Zilpah and Bilhah, the handmaids of Leah and Rachel, respectively,", "title": "Zilpah" }, { "id": "3462100", "text": "Laban (Bible) Laban () is a figure in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible. He was the brother of Rebekah, who married Isaac and bore Jacob. Laban welcomed his nephew as a young man, and set him the stipulation of seven years' labour before he permitted him to marry his daughter Rachel. Laban tricked Jacob into marrying his elder daughter Leah instead. Jacob then took both women as wives. Laban and his family were described as dwelling in Paddan Aram, in Mesopotamia. Though the biblical text itself does not attest to this, Rabbinic sources also identify him as", "title": "Laban (Bible)" }, { "id": "6760817", "text": "of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, She and her husband Ron Frederickson auditioned for the parts of Ishmael and his wife Leah in a 2004 of the \"Book of Mormon\". While her husband won the role of Ishmael, the producers felt Shore's earlier fame would detract from the movie's message and chose actress Sheryl Lee Wilson to play Leah. As a child Roberta was cast as the Yodeler for \"It's a Small World\". Roberta Shore Roberta Jymme Schourop (born April 7, 1943, Monterey Park, California), better known as Roberta Shore, is a retired American actress and performer. Shore co-starred in", "title": "Roberta Shore" }, { "id": "2190930", "text": "Zilpah In the Book of Genesis, Zilpah (זִלְפָּה \"meaning uncertain,\" Standard Hebrew \"Zilpa\", Tiberian Hebrew \"Zilpāh\") was Leah's handmaid, presumed slave, whom Leah gave to Jacob \"to wife\" to bear him children (). Zilpah gave birth to two sons, whom Leah claimed as her own and named Gad and Asher (). Zilpah is given to Leah as a handmaid by Leah's father, Laban, upon Leah's marriage to Jacob (see , ). According to the early rabbinical commentary Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer, Zilpah and Bilhah, the handmaids of Leah and Rachel, respectively, were actually younger daughters of Laban. Zilpah also figures in", "title": "Zilpah" }, { "id": "3635637", "text": "can be used to refer to the twenty male ancestor-figures between Adam and Abraham. The first ten of these are called the Antediluvian patriarchs, because they came before the Flood. Judaism, Christianity and Islam hold that the patriarchs, along with their primary wives, known as the matriarchs – Sarah (wife of Abraham), Rebekah (wife of Isaac) and Leah (one of the wives of Jacob) – are entombed at the Cave of Machpelah in Hebron, a site held holy by the three religions. Only Rachel, Jacob's favorite wife, is said to be buried separately at what is known as Rachel's Tomb,", "title": "Patriarchs (Bible)" }, { "id": "334545", "text": "which left Egypt, which would make 1,200,000 prophets. The Talmud recognizes the existence of 48 male prophets who bequeathed permanent messages to mankind. According to the Talmud there were also seven women who are counted as prophetesses whose message bears relevance for all generations: Sarah, Miriam, Devorah, Hannah (mother of the prophet Samuel), Abigail (a wife of King David), Huldah (from the time of Jeremiah), and Esther. The Jewish Rabbi Rashi points out that Rebecca, Rachel, and Leah were also prophets. Isaiah 8:3-4refers he married \"the prophetess\", which conceived and gave to him a son, named by God Mahèr-salàl-cash-baz. Her", "title": "Prophet" }, { "id": "12705939", "text": "excused his own deception by insisting that the older sister should marry first. He assured Jacob that after his wedding week was finished, he could take Rachel as a wife as well, and work another seven years as payment for her. When God \"saw that Leah was unloved, he opened her womb\" (Gen 29:31), and she gave birth to four sons. Rachel, like Sarah and Rebecca, remained unable to conceive. According to Tikva Frymer-Kensky, \"The infertility of the matriarchs has two effects: it heightens the drama of the birth of the eventual son, marking Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph as special;", "title": "Rachel" }, { "id": "2177521", "text": "to Genesis 49:31). She is thought to be buried in the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron alongside Jacob. This cave also houses the graves of Abraham and Sarah, and Isaac and Rebekah. According to this tree, Leah's husband Jacob is her first cousin (through their mutual grandfather Bethuel). They are also second cousins once removed (Jacob's great-grandfather through Abraham, Terah, is Leah's great-great grandfather through Nahor); and again second cousins once removed (Jacob's great-grandfather through Sarah, Terah, is Leah's great-great-grandfather through Nahor). Finally, they are second cousins twice removed (Jacob's great-grandfather through Abraham, Terah, is Leah's great-great-great-grandfather through Milcah);", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "2177519", "text": "HaShem\" (service of God), and therefore sought closeness to the tzadik (Jacob) who is God's personal emissary in this world. By marrying Jacob and bearing his sons, who would be raised in the tzadik's home and continue his mission into the next generation (indeed, all 12 sons became \"tzadikim\" in their own right and formed the foundation of the Nation of Israel), they would develop an even closer relationship to God. Therefore, Leah and Rachel each wanted to have as many of those sons as possible, going so far as to offer their handmaids as proxies to Jacob so they", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "5042355", "text": "Huldah Huldah () was a prophet mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in and . According to Jewish tradition, she was one of the \"seven prophetesses\", with Sarah, Miriam, Deborah, Hannah, Abigail, and Esther. After the discovery of a book of the Law during renovations at Solomon's Temple, on the order of King Josiah, Hilkiah together with Ahikam, Acbor, Shaphan and Asaiah approach her to seek the Lord's opinion. She was the wife of Shallum, son of Tokhath (also called Tikvah), son of Harhas (also called Hasrah), keeper of the wardrobe. She lived in Jerusalem, in the Second District or Second", "title": "Huldah" }, { "id": "354890", "text": "they were rarely in the forefront of public life. There are a number of exceptions to this rule, including the Matriarchs Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel, and Leah, Miriam the prophetess, Deborah the Judge, Huldah the prophetess, Abigail, who married David, Rahab, and Esther. A common phenomenon in the bible is the pivotal role that women take in subverting man-made power structures. The result is often a more just outcome than what would have taken place under ordinary circumstances. These women did not meet with opposition for the relatively public role they had. According to Jewish tradition, a covenant was formed between", "title": "Women in Judaism" }, { "id": "2177223", "text": "Laban, Rachel and Leah's father, who gave Rotheus a wife named Euna, who was their mother. Rabbinic sources (Midrash Raba, and elsewhere), on the other hand, state that Bilhah and Zilpah were also Laban's daughters, through his concubines, making them half-sisters to Rachel and Leah. Bilhah is said to be buried in the Tomb of the Matriarchs in Tiberias. In the Book of Chronicles, Shimei's brothers were said to have lived in a town called Bilhah and surrounding territories prior to the reign of David. Reuben was Jacob's (Israel) eldest son with Leah. Genesis 35:22 says \"And it came to", "title": "Bilhah" }, { "id": "1957420", "text": "the day, and religion. Others cite the Biblical story of Jacob, and his two wives Leah and Rachel, who both literally came with their own maids as detailed in the Book of Genesis (29:24, 46:18) as the origin of bridesmaids. These women were handmaidens (servants or slaves) instead of social peers. Some sources state that, in ancient times, originally the bride and all the bridesmaids wore exactly the same dress and veiled their faces heavily, for the purpose of confusing jealous suitors and evil spirits. In China during the feudal era, the female womb was seen as precious for the", "title": "Bridesmaid" }, { "id": "8299744", "text": "biblical women had what anthropology terms \"informal power.\" Ruth is the title character of the Book of Ruth. In the narrative, she is not an Israelite but rather is from Moab; she marries an Israelite. Both her husband and her father-in-law die, and she helps her mother-in-law, Naomi, find protection. The two of them travel to Bethlehem together, where Ruth wins the love of Boaz through her kindness. She is one of five women mentioned in the genealogy of Jesus found in the Gospel of Matthew, alongside Tamar, Rahab, the \"wife of Uriah\" (Bathsheba), and Mary. Esther is described in", "title": "Women in the Bible" }, { "id": "5951106", "text": "Levirate marriage was encouraged among ancient Jewish cultures; the chief example of sororate marriage found in the Hebrew Bible is that of sisters Rachel and Leah to one husband Jacob, forebear of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. However, such a marriage as Jacob's during the lifetime of the first wife was subsequently prohibited by the Law of Moses (Leviticus 18:18). The male equivalent of sororate marriage is fraternal polyandry. Sororate is a custom which is practised among the Kurds like Levirate marriage: When a man loses his wife before she bears a child or she dies leaving young children, her", "title": "Sororate marriage" }, { "id": "1579075", "text": "when the angels gave her the glad tidings of Isaac: Sarah is believed to be buried in the Cave of the Patriarchs (known by Muslims as the \"Sanctuary of Abraham\"). The compound, located in the ancient city of Hebron, is the second holiest site for Jews (after the Temple Mount in Jerusalem), and is also venerated by Christians and Muslims, both of whom have traditions which maintain that the site is the burial place of three biblical couples; Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebecca, and Jacob and Leah. There are three stories in Genesis where a patriarch identifies his wife", "title": "Sarah" }, { "id": "13563317", "text": "and I get a love interest. It's nice and it's really fun and happy and comedy - a lot of warm and fuzzy moments. It's Jay Laga'aia and I'm loving working with him as well. It's all happy times ahead. We're moving away from the darker storylines into lighter stuff.\" When their relationship ends, Leah begins dating Robert Robertson (Socratis Otto), however, Nicodemou said that she believed that Leah was still in love with Elijah. However, Elijah later returns to \"Summer Bay\" following time in Africa. He arrives with a new wife Grace Johnson (Clare Chihambakwe) whom he has married", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "1467227", "text": "Laban agrees, if Jacob will give him seven years of service. Jacob does so, but after the wedding finds that beneath the veil is not Rachel but Leah, Laban's elder daughter. He agrees to work another seven years and Jacob and Rachel are finally wed. However, despite Laban, Jacob eventually becomes so rich as to incite the envy of Laban and Laban's sons. Genesis Chapter 27 verse 16 of the King James Version Bible: \"And she put the skins of the kids of the goats upon his hands and upon the smooth of his neck:\" Verse 19: \"And Jacob said", "title": "Esau" }, { "id": "3766850", "text": "would make her feel as if she were cheating on Doug Heffernan, her character's husband on \"The King of Queens\". She added that she needs to spend more time with her child and family. Remini met actor Angelo Pagán at a Cuban restaurant in 1996. He has three sons from previous relationships. They were married on July 19, 2003. Their daughter, Sofia, was born on June 16, 2004, one day after Remini's 34th birthday. Remini was a member of the Church of Scientology from the age of nine. In December 2005, she helped the Citizens Commission on Human Rights to", "title": "Leah Remini" }, { "id": "12705937", "text": "Rachel Rachel (; meaning ewe) was a Biblical figure best known for her infertility. The site revered as her burial place (Rachel's Tomb) is one of the holiest sites in Judaism. Rachel was the favorite of Jacob's two wives, and the mother of Joseph and Benjamin, two of the twelve progenitors of the tribes of Israel. Rachel's father was Laban. Her older sister was Leah, Jacob's first wife. Her aunt Rebekah was Jacob's mother. Rachel is first mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in when Jacob happens upon her as she is about to water her father's flock. She was the", "title": "Rachel" }, { "id": "8110153", "text": "occurs in the Hebrew Bible, , when Jacob labored for Laban for fourteen years to marry Rachel. Originally the deal was seven years, but Laban tricked Jacob by giving him Leah on their wedding day, so Jacob had to work another seven years to obtain the girl he had originally fallen in love with, Rachel. Bride service Bride service has traditionally been portrayed in the anthropological literature as the service rendered by the bridegroom to a bride's family as a bride price or part of one (see dowry). Bride service and bride wealth models frame anthropological discussions of kinship in", "title": "Bride service" }, { "id": "13563318", "text": "to help her ill son, Thabo Manthenga (Joshua Mbakwe) receive treatment. Leah is \"very upset\" because she was looking forward to seeing him again and \"exploring her feelings for him\". Elijah being married comes \"out of the blue\" for Leah as she \"definitely didn't think he would get married\". Nicodemou insisted that Leah and Eljiah would not be reconciling their relationship. While Leah \"fell very hard\" and formed a life and future with Elijah, she would never take him back as a married man. Eljah \"hurt her too many times\" and VJ was also caught up in the heartbreak, so", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "13563333", "text": "into the bush and falls. The bay residents search for her and find her unconscious. She then decides to have the surgery. During surgery, some complications occur and she goes into cardiac arrest. The brain surgeon, Sean Gleeson feels bad and beats himself up for it, but Hannah Wilson reassures him that it wasn't his fault. Leah manages to survive the surgery. Zac then proposes to Leah with a romantic gesture on the beach in front of everyone. She says no, but VJ convinces her to marry him and she then proposes to him at home and they become engaged.", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "634589", "text": "Israelites The Israelites (; \"Bnei Yisra'el\") were a confederation of Iron Age Semitic-speaking tribes of the ancient Near East, who inhabited a part of Canaan during the tribal and monarchic periods. According to the religious narrative of the Hebrew Bible, the Israelites' origin is traced back to the Biblical patriarchs and matriarchs Abraham and his wife Sarah, through their son Isaac and his wife Rebecca, and their son Jacob who was later called Israel, whence they derive their name, with his wives Leah and Rachel and the handmaids Zilpa and Bilhah. Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the", "title": "Israelites" }, { "id": "3075339", "text": "Sariah According to the Book of Mormon, Sariah () was the wife of Lehi, and the mother of Laman, Lemuel, Sam, and Nephi. The Book of Mormon also mentions Jacob, and Joseph, two additional sons born to Lehi after his departure from Jerusalem, but does not explicitly name Sariah as their mother, though no other wife of Lehi is ever named. 1 Nephi 18:19 does make it fairly certain that sariah is their mother. She traveled with her husband from Jerusalem, into the wilderness, and eventually, across the ocean to the \"promised land\" (the Americas). She is perhaps best known", "title": "Sariah" }, { "id": "13563313", "text": "\"teared up\" while watching the funeral scenes because he felt personally responsible because he decided to leave. He also said the only \"plausible exits\" for Dan were to be either killed off or have Dan being unfaithful to Leah. In early 2009 Nicodemou revealed that Leah would have a new relationship. Leah starts dating Roman Harris (Conrad Coleby), Nicodemou said it is good for her and it was nice to see her \"thinking of herself for a while\". Though she noted that Leah stays true to herself and faces the realism of life and the problems she encounters. Nicodemou stated", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "11721579", "text": "including Saint Joseph (though he was much older than the rest). The High Priest ordered them to each bring a rod; he that owned the rod which would bear flowers was divinely ordained to become Mary's husband. After the Holy Spirit descended as a dove and caused Joseph's rod to blossom, he and Mary were wed according to Jewish custom. The account, quoted in its entirety, runs thus: In fact, neither the \"Golden Legend\" nor any of the early apocryphal accounts describe the actual ceremony, and they differ as to its timing, other than that it preceded the \"Journey to", "title": "Marriage of the Virgin" }, { "id": "13563316", "text": "broken Leah. She's usually full of heart and spirit. She's always been a real fighter\" but the ordeal strips everything away from her and she cannot even cope with looking after VJ. Leah's battle with depression In November 2009, it was announced that Jay Laga'aia had been cast into the serial to play Elijah Johnson, a new local reverend and a new potential love interest for Leah. Nicodemou expressed her delight over Leah's romance with Elijah when she started ji jitsui classes to build her confidence. Speaking to Sunrise she stated: \"There's a whole lot of love in the Bay", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "12705938", "text": "second daughter of Laban, Rebekah's brother, making Jacob her first cousin. Jacob had traveled a great distance to find Laban. Rebekah had sent him there to be safe from his furious twin brother, Esau. During Jacob's stay, he fell in love with Rachel and agreed to work seven years for Laban in return for her hand in marriage. On the night of the wedding, the bride was veiled and Jacob did not notice that Leah, Rachel's older sister, had been substituted for Rachel. Whereas \"Rachel was lovely in form and beautiful\", \"Leah had tender eyes\". Later Jacob confronted Laban, who", "title": "Rachel" }, { "id": "5042362", "text": "of the Ascension (Jerusalem)) The cave is considered holy to Jews, Muslims and Christians. Huldah Huldah () was a prophet mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in and . According to Jewish tradition, she was one of the \"seven prophetesses\", with Sarah, Miriam, Deborah, Hannah, Abigail, and Esther. After the discovery of a book of the Law during renovations at Solomon's Temple, on the order of King Josiah, Hilkiah together with Ahikam, Acbor, Shaphan and Asaiah approach her to seek the Lord's opinion. She was the wife of Shallum, son of Tokhath (also called Tikvah), son of Harhas (also called Hasrah),", "title": "Huldah" }, { "id": "2177517", "text": "God saw that Leah was \"unloved\" and opened her womb as consolation. Seeing that she is unable to conceive, Rachel offers her handmaid Bilhah to Jacob, and names and raises the two sons (Dan and Naphtali) that Bilhah bears. Leah responds by offering her handmaid Zilpah to Jacob, and names and raises the two sons (Gad and Asher) that Zilpah bears. According to some commentaries, Bilhah and Zilpah are actually half-sisters of Leah and Rachel. One day, Leah's firstborn son Reuben returns from the field with mandrakes for his mother. Leah has not conceived for a while, and this plant,", "title": "Leah" }, { "id": "13563326", "text": "alone. Leah later finds out Vinnie is alive and on witness protection. Leah's brother Alex (Danny Raco) also comes to live with her. Leah then begins a relationship with Jesse McGregor (Ben Unwin), they remain together in a good relationship. Leah then acts as a surrogate mother for Sally, giving birth to Pippa Saunders (Mia Fitzpatrick), but when she hands the child over to Sally, Jesse cannot deal with it and ends their relationship. She later dates Peter Baker (Nicholas Bishop), then his brother Dan. They later marry, when they plan to emigrate to America Dan heads out first to", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "3592682", "text": "Ada Nicodemou Ada Nicodemou (born 14 May 1977) is an Australian-born Greek Cypriot actress. She began her acting career in 1994 playing Katerina Ioannou in \"Heartbreak High\". She also starred in \"Police Rescue\" and \"Breakers\". In 2000, Nicodemou began playing Leah Patterson-Baker in the soap opera \"Home and Away\". She won the 3rd season of \"Dancing with the Stars\" and hosted reality series \"Please Marry My Boy\" in 2012. Nicodemou was born on 14 May 1977. Nicodemou's parents were both migrants, who met in Australia. Her Greek Cypriot family come from Limassol. Nicodemou grew up in Minto along with her", "title": "Ada Nicodemou" }, { "id": "4774937", "text": "\"blessed\" is taken as sufficient evidence for Lea's veneration by the Roman Catholic Church, where her feast day is March 22. The name \"Lea\" is likely a derivation of Leah coming from a Hebrew word meaning \"weary\"; or from a Chaldean name meaning \"mistress\" or \"ruler\" in Akkadian. In Genesis 29, Leah is seen as being Jacob's first wife and the mother of seven of his children. Saint Lea Saint Lea (died 383) is a fourth-century saint in the Roman Catholic Church based on the authority of Jerome. =Lea of Rome is known only through the testimony of her beloved", "title": "Saint Lea" }, { "id": "10638865", "text": "Shuah Shuah () is the name of one of four minor Biblical figures. It is sometimes used as the name of a fifth. Their names are different in Hebrew, but they were all transliterated as \"Shuah\" in the King James Version. Shuah (Hebrew: שׁוּחַ, pronounced \"Shuakh\", \"ditch; swimming; humiliation\" or \"sinks down\") was the sixth son of Abraham (the patriarch of the Israelites) and Keturah, whom Abraham had wed after the death of Sarah. He was the youngest of Keturah's sons; the others were Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, and Ishbak. Shuah in Greek is Σωυε, transliterated Soie. Josephus gave his", "title": "Shuah" }, { "id": "13563336", "text": "as one of soap's \"Odd Couples\". They said \"Vinnie was the local goofball working as a stripper. Leah was the responsible Greek girl. They lived together as flatmates and she found herself falling for his quirkiness.\" Erin Miller writing for \"TV Week\" said the week commencing 21 February 2011, was a \"huge week\" for Leah. She had many dramas and Miller said \"poor Leah hit the roof\" when she found out Elijah and Miles had been lying to her. \"TV Week\" later said Leah's love life was finally looking good with Miles and noted that she is \"notorious for getting", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "6273343", "text": "Zimran Zimran (; ), also known as Zambran. was according to the Hebrew Bible the son of Abraham, the patriarch of the Israelites, and Keturah, whom he wed after the death of Sarah. Zimran had five other brothers, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. Josephus tells us that \"Abraham contrived to settle them in colonies; and they took possession of Troglodytis and the country of Arabia Felix, as far as it reaches to the Red Sea.\" Abraham, in all probability, tried to keep them apart from Isaac to avoid conflict while fulfilling God's commission to spread out and inhabit the", "title": "Zimran" }, { "id": "13563325", "text": "ending their relationship as an \"easy option\" rather than dealing with her \"guilt and grief\". Quong-Tart later announced his departure from the serial, meaning that Leah and Miles may not have a future together. Leah runs off from her wedding to Ted (Harry Pavlidis), she arrives in Summer Bay in her wedding dress where she meets Vinnie. They start a relationship, marry, and have a son called VJ (Felix Dean), they later find out VJ is deaf. Vinnie's father Ralph (Alan Cinis) scams him, he is convicted and sent to prison. Whilst in prison Vinnie dies leaving Leah to cope", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "13430597", "text": "Torah, Isaac instructed Jacob, who was to father the twelve tribes, specifically to marry a niece of Rebekah. Jacob was married to Leah, and then married Rachel. Rachel and Leah lived in Padan-Aram (in Mesopotamia). They were Jacob's first cousins. They came from the same family as Rebekah. Rachel and Leah were also both Abraham's great-great nieces and his great-great-great nieces. In addition, according to the Jewish Tradition, Rachel and Leah were separately also Sarah's great-great nieces. In the Jewish tradition, Bilhah and Zilpah, handmaidens of Rachel and Leah and the birth-mothers of four of the tribes, were Rachel and", "title": "Matrilineality in Judaism" }, { "id": "213882", "text": "Jacob Jacob (; ), later given the name Israel, is regarded as a Patriarch of the Israelites. According to the Book of Genesis, Jacob was the third Hebrew progenitor with whom God made a covenant. He is the son of Isaac and Rebecca, the grandson of Abraham, Sarah and Bethuel, the nephew of Ishmael, and the younger twin brother of Esau. Jacob had twelve sons and at least one daughter, by his two wives, Leah and Rachel, and by their handmaidens Bilhah and Zilpah. Jacob's twelve sons, named in Genesis, were Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar,", "title": "Jacob" }, { "id": "16085765", "text": "my head around everything and run with it.\" Elijah's actions have an effect on Leah's life. She is \"very upset\" because she was looking forward to seeing him again and \"exploring her feelings for him\". Elijah's marriage comes \"out of the blue\" for Leah. Out of all the things that she thought could have happened in Elijah's absence, she \"definitely didn't think he would get married\". She insisted that Leah and Elijah would not be reconciling their relationship. While Leah \"fell very hard\" and formed a life and future with Elijah, she would never take him back as a married", "title": "Elijah Johnson (Home and Away)" }, { "id": "213946", "text": "analogy of looking to Genesis for the history of ancient Canaan as similar to reading \"Hamlet\" in order to learn Danish history. Jacob Jacob (; ), later given the name Israel, is regarded as a Patriarch of the Israelites. According to the Book of Genesis, Jacob was the third Hebrew progenitor with whom God made a covenant. He is the son of Isaac and Rebecca, the grandson of Abraham, Sarah and Bethuel, the nephew of Ishmael, and the younger twin brother of Esau. Jacob had twelve sons and at least one daughter, by his two wives, Leah and Rachel, and", "title": "Jacob" }, { "id": "14233291", "text": "Biblical patriarchs such as Abraham, his son Isaac, Isaac's son Jacob, and the Biblical matriarchs Sarah, Rebecca, Leah, and Rachel, who lived in Canaan. The Twelve Tribes are described as descending from the twelve sons of Jacob. Jacob and his family migrated to Ancient Egypt after being invited to live with Jacob's son Joseph by the Pharaoh himself. The patriarchs' descendants were later enslaved until the Exodus led by Moses, after which the Israelites conquered Canaan under Moses' successor Joshua, went through the period of the Biblical judges after the death of Joshua, then through the mediation of Samuel became", "title": "Jews" }, { "id": "13185173", "text": "sister, named Pessil. There is some doubt about the identity of another brother and sister. As the sister of eminent brothers, Leah disproves the old canard that the only educated women in her time were the daughters of learned rabbis who had no sons. Leah's early life was spent in Bolechów, in Polish Galicia (now Bolekhiv, Ukraine), where her father was the rabbi. When he became rabbi of Brody in 1735, his son Mordecai succeeded him as rabbi of Bolechów. Leah remained in Bolechów, continuing to live as a young married woman in the home of her brother. Her husband", "title": "Leah Horowitz" }, { "id": "3462107", "text": "cheated and jealous, and Joseph would not have been sold into slavery. Thus, there would have been no need for Jacob's family to be sent to Egypt to unite with Joseph. In actuality, Laban married Jacob to Leah first, causing Leah's sons to precede Joseph in birth order, so that they felt justifiably outraged when their father seemed to violate societal norms by treating his youngest son as his heir, in preference to his older sons' natural and legal rights. In this way, Laban can be seen as \"seeking to uproot all\", by attempting to sever the family tree of", "title": "Laban (Bible)" }, { "id": "2217322", "text": "this marriage occurred in relation to the marriage(s) to Amram. Jochebed's name is given various allegorical interpretations; the Leviticus Rabbah identifies her as the person named in the Book of Chronicles as \"Jehudijah\", by arguing that the name should be interpreted as meaning \"the Jewess\", in reference to her founding the Jewish nation by disobeying the Pharaoh's order to dispose of the firstborn males. Some rabbinic literature attempts to resolve the textual discrepancy in which the Torah lists 34 children of Leah born in Mesopotamia, stating that two were dead, and then immediately states that there were 33 in total,", "title": "Jochebed" }, { "id": "13563306", "text": "Leah Patterson-Baker Leah Helena Adara Patterson (also Poulos and Patterson-Baker) is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Home and Away\", played by Ada Nicodemou. She made her screen debut during the episode broadcast on 22 March 2000. Leah is one of the longest featured characters in the serial's history and has been involved in storylines including the deaths of her husbands, her many relationships, surrogacy, suffering anxiety and the victim of racism. Nicodemou took a temporary break from \"Home and Away\" in late 2012, following the birth of her first child. She returned from her break on 19", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "12158649", "text": "seems to prohibit polygamy. According to Rabbi Naftali Silberberg, in Jewish thought polygamy is not and never was the ideal state and that the Talmud or Midrash never mentions a polygamous family is completely clear that polygamy was never the norm. He also states that almost all polygamous relationships in the Bible are for specific reasons such as the wife was barren (Sarah, Leah, etc), monarchs marrying to cement relationships between tribes, and Laban tricking Jacob into marrying Leah. Three passages in the pastoral epistles (, and ) state that church leaders should be the \"husband of one wife.\" This", "title": "Polygamy in Christianity" }, { "id": "4921655", "text": "over others such as the matriarchs Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah, has been much discussed. There may be a common thread among these four women, to which Matthew wishes to draw attention. He sees God working through Tamar's seduction of her father-in-law, through the collusion of Rahab the harlot with Joshua's spies, through Ruth the Moabite's unexpected marriage with Boaz, and through David and Bathsheba's adultery. Some have suggested their possible Gentile origins. Rahab was a prostitute in Canaan, Bathsheba was married to a Hittite, Ruth resided in Moab, and Tamar had a name of Hebrew origin. The women's nationalities are", "title": "Genealogy of Jesus" }, { "id": "2190932", "text": "deception he used to trick Jacob into marrying Leah, who was older than Rachel. The morning after the wedding, Laban explained to Jacob, \"\"This is not done in our place, to give the younger before the older\"\" (). But at night, to mask the deception, Laban gave the veiled bride the younger of the handmaids, so Jacob would think that he was really marrying Rachel, the younger of the sisters. In Jewish tradition, Zilpah is believed to be buried in the Tomb of the Matriarchs in Tiberias. In the novel \"The Red Tent\" by Anita Diamant, Zilpah and Bilhah are", "title": "Zilpah" }, { "id": "264997", "text": "husband; this principle appears to survive in parts of early Israelite society, as some early passages of the Bible appear to portray certain wives as each owning a tent as a personal possession (specifically, Jael, Sarah, and Jacob's wives). The husband, too, is indirectly implied to have some responsibilities to his wife. The Covenant Code orders \"If he take him another; her food, her clothing, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish(or lessen)\". If the husband does not provide the first wife with these things, she is to be divorced, without cost to her. The Talmud interprets this", "title": "Marriage" }, { "id": "3635641", "text": "father of the prophets in Islam because all subsequent prophets descended from him (the Israelite prophets through Ishāq and Muhammad through Ismā'īl). The Matriarchs, also known as \"the four mothers\" (ארבע האמהות), who were married to the biblical patriarchs: Patriarchs (Bible) The patriarchs ( \"Avot\" or \"Abot\", singular \"Ab\" or Aramaic: אבא \"Abba\") of the Bible, when narrowly defined, are Abraham, his son Isaac, and Isaac's son Jacob, also named Israel, the ancestor of the Israelites. These three figures are referred to collectively as the patriarchs, and the period in which they lived is known as the patriarchal age. They", "title": "Patriarchs (Bible)" }, { "id": "16085772", "text": "discounts at the Diner and they become close. They initially deny their attraction to one another until Miles makes them admit their feelings. Elijah reveals to Leah that her previous husband, Vinnie Patterson (Ryan Kwanten) had died in a farming accident. His revelation gives Leah a chance to grieve for Vinnie and gives her closure. Leah and Elijah consummate their relationship, but his colleagues begin to criticise him for their relationship. Bishop (Danny Adcock) soon becomes concerned and tells Elijah he cannot be with her. However, Leah decides to challenge Bishop Pitt's views and manages to get his blessing. Elijah", "title": "Elijah Johnson (Home and Away)" }, { "id": "13563319", "text": "she would do \"anything to protect her son from getting hurt\" again. In January 2011, Josh Quong Tart revealed his character, Miles Copeland, was set to have a new love interest with someone who may live in Summer Bay. Quong Tart said Miles is \"more surprised than anyone that it happens.\" While Nicodemou revealed that Leah would fall in love with someone new, rather than Elijah again. A few months later, the \"Daily Star\" reported Miles would confess his love to Leah, who is shocked by his declaration. An insider told the paper, \"Miles and Leah have both been unlucky", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "16085756", "text": "thing after the other\". In November 2009, it was announced that Jay Laga'aia had been cast into the serial to play a new local reverend, Elijah Johnson. Laga'aia had already begun filming and was set to appear on-screen in early 2010. He was also described as a potential love interest for established character Leah Patterson-Baker (Ada Nicodemou). Laga'aia was not required to audition for the role as producers wrote Elijah with him in mind. In the initial development process the writers said \"He's a bit of this and a bit of that; he's a bit like Jay Laga'aia\". Laga'aia left", "title": "Elijah Johnson (Home and Away)" }, { "id": "213934", "text": "Rachel, the Midrash recounts that both Jacob and Rachel suspected that Laban would pull such a trick; Laban was known as the \"Aramean\" (deceiver), and changed Jacob's wages ten times during his employ (Genesis 31:7). The couple therefore devised a series of signs by which Jacob could identify the veiled bride on his wedding night. But when Rachel saw her sister being taken out to the wedding canopy, her heart went out to her for the public shame Leah would suffer if she were exposed. Rachel therefore gave Leah the signs so that Jacob would not realize the switch. Jacob", "title": "Jacob" }, { "id": "107724", "text": "be considered among the King's family. Saul reneged and instead gave Merab in marriage to Adriel the Meholathite. Having been told that his younger daughter Michal was in love with David, Saul gave her in marriage to David upon David's payment in Philistine foreskins. Saul became jealous of David and tried to have him killed. David escaped. Then Saul sent Michal to Galim to marry Palti, son of Laish. David then took wives in Hebron, according to 2 Samuel 3; they were Ahinoam the Yizre'elite, Abigail - the wife of Nabal the Carmelite, Maacah - the daughter of Talmay, king", "title": "David" }, { "id": "2107324", "text": "oil.\" (Deuteronomy 33:24). Asher was the eighth son of the patriarch Jacob and the traditional progenitor of the tribe Asher. Some Biblical scholars view this as postdiction, an eponymous metaphor providing an aetiology of the connectedness of the tribe to others in the Israelite confederation. Asher is represented as the younger brother of Gad; these two being the sons of Zilpah, the handmaid of Leah (Genesis 35:26). The Biblical account shows Zilpah's status as a handmaid change to an actual wife of Jacob (Genesis 30:9). Her handmaid status is regarded by some biblical scholars as indicating that the authors saw", "title": "Asher" }, { "id": "213899", "text": "the week of wedding celebrations with Leah, Jacob married Rachel, and he continued to work for Laban for another seven years. Jacob loved Rachel more than Leah, and Leah felt hated. God opened Leah's womb and she gave birth to four sons rapidly: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah. Rachel, however, remained barren. Following the example of Sarah, who gave her handmaid to Abraham after years of infertility, Rachel gave Jacob her handmaid, Bilhah, in marriage so that Rachel could raise children through her. Bilhah gave birth to Dan and Naphtali. Seeing that she had left off childbearing temporarily, Leah then", "title": "Jacob" }, { "id": "4887519", "text": "Judah. According to Rabbinic tradition, Hur was the son of Miriam, thus Moses and Aaron's nephew. The Talmud (Sanhedrin 69b & Sotah 11b) states that Caleb, a descendant from Judah, married Miriam and fathered Hur. This is based on the Targum to I Chron. 2:19: \"...and Caleb took for himself Ephrath and she bore him Hur\". Ephrath was another name for Miriam. Rashi's Bible commentary justifies this position on the two other locations in Exodus where Hur is mentioned: 17:10 & 24:14. However, Josephus in \"Antiquities of the Jews\" states that Hur was the husband of Moses' sister Miriam. In", "title": "Hur (Bible)" }, { "id": "2100534", "text": "Bathsheba Bathsheba was the wife of Uriah the Hittite and later of David, according to the Hebrew Bible. She is most known for the biblical narrative in which she was summoned by King David, who had seen her bathing and lusted after her. She was the mother of Solomon, who succeeded David as king, making her the Queen mother. Bathsheba was the daughter of Eliam (, Ammiel in ). An Eliam is mentioned in as the son of Ahithophel, who is described as the Gilonite. Bathsheba was the wife of Uriah the Hittite. David's first interactions with Bathsheba are described", "title": "Bathsheba" }, { "id": "13430593", "text": "the granddaughter of Terah. Rebekah, Rachel and Leah were each direct descendants (through Milcah, daughter of Haran) of both Haran and Nahor, the two brothers of Abraham. Rebekah was the great-granddaughter of Haran and also the granddaughter of Nahor. Rachel and Leah, nieces of Rebekah, also descend from both Haran and Nahor but one generation later than Rebekah. Abraham and Sarah (who in the Jewish Tradition was greater than Abraham in prophecy) migrated as a married couple out of Ur Kasdim (in Mesopotamia) to Haran (in Mesopotamia) and eventually to the land of Canaan. Sarah came from the same family", "title": "Matrilineality in Judaism" }, { "id": "213910", "text": "assembled his four wives and 11 sons, placing the maidservants and their children in front, Leah and her children next, and Rachel and Joseph in the rear. Some commentators cite this placement as proof that Jacob continued to favor Joseph over Leah's children, as presumably the rear position would have been safer from a frontal assault by Esau, which Jacob feared. Jacob himself took the foremost position. Esau's spirit of revenge, however, was apparently appeased by Jacob's bounteous gifts of camels, goats and flocks. Their reunion was an emotional one. Esau offered to accompany them on their way back to", "title": "Jacob" }, { "id": "13185174", "text": "at this time was Aryeh Leib, son of the rabbi of Dobromyl, Ukraine; later she was married to Shabbetai ben Benjamin ha-Cohen Rappoport, rabbi of Krasny, Russia. It is unknown whether she had any children. Even as a young, Leah was renowned for her exceptional learning. In an era when many women did not learn to read, and those who did rarely learned more than the rudiments of Hebrew, Horowitz studied the Talmud with commentaries and also read some kabbalistic works. The memoirist Ber of Bolechów reports that when he was a boy of twelve, Leah helped him prepare for", "title": "Leah Horowitz" }, { "id": "13563323", "text": "fall pregnant. Leah took that badly and it made her decide not to have children again. Nicodemou said the impact the storyline would have on Miles and Leah is interesting and things become more serious for them. A week later it was announced Miles would propose to Leah in a bid to solidify their relationship. Leah is surprised by the proposal, which occurs at the pier, and she is left to make a decision over her future with Miles. Nicodemou said Leah is not thinking about marriage at that stage of their relationship. Leah later suffers a miscarriage and blames", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "6527022", "text": "over you.” But says, “So I took the chiefs of your tribes, wise men and known,” without mentioning “understanding” (implying that Moses could not find men with understanding). And says, “Issachar is a large-boned donkey” (alluding to the Midrash that Leah heard Jacob's donkey, and so came out of her tent to summon Jacob to his marital duty, as reported in ). And 1 Chronicles says, “of the children of Issachar . . . were men who had understanding of the times to know what Israel ought to do.” But the Gemara limited the teaching of Rabbi Samuel bar Nahmani", "title": "Vayetze" }, { "id": "13563321", "text": "and hoped they find happiness with each other. She explained \"They have been great friends for a long time and I think it's a great start to a relationship.\" Miles and Leah discuss their situation and Leah decides to take the first step and kisses Miles to see if they have any chemistry. Nicodemou said Leah is worried about the decision for them to take their relationship further, but she realises that she and Miles do have chemistry and they begin dating. In August 2011, Leah discovers she is pregnant. Digital Spy reported Leah is \"left stunned\" by the positive", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "777804", "text": "they are legally married according to Jewish law – then the groom helps lift the veil from off her face. The most often cited interpretation for the badeken is that, according to , when Jacob went to marry Rachel, his father in law Laban tricked him into marrying Leah, Rachel's older and homlier sister. Many say that the veiling ceremony takes place to make sure that the groom is marrying the right bride. Some say that as the groom places the veil over his bride, he makes an implicit promise to clothe and protect her. Finally, by covering her face,", "title": "Veil" }, { "id": "18445849", "text": "on the significance of the Red Tent, occupied by the women of her tribe (including Jacob's other three wives Rachel, Bilhah and Zilpah) during their time of menstruation. The women have kept alive their old traditions of goddess-worship unbeknownst to their Israelite husbands, managing to keep this secret since men are not allowed in the Red Tent. In the backstory, Jacob arrives at his uncle Laban's settlement to escape from his older brother Esau, and falls in love at first sight with his cousin Rachel. She reciprocates his feelings, as - secretly - does her sister Leah. Jacob asks Laban", "title": "The Red Tent (miniseries)" }, { "id": "213898", "text": "years for Laban the Aramean. Laban agreed to the arrangement. These seven years seemed to Jacob \"but a few days, for the love he had for her,\" but when they were complete and he asked for his wife, Laban deceived Jacob by switching Rachel for her older sister, Leah, as the veiled bride. In the morning, when the truth became known, Laban justified his action, saying that in his country it was unheard of to give a younger daughter before the older. However, he agreed to give Rachel in marriage as well if Jacob would work another seven years. After", "title": "Jacob" }, { "id": "3543729", "text": "is heard from Ruth May, who has been bitten by the snake. The girls watch her turn cold and blue before she passes away. Orleanna becomes filled with guilt over Ruth May's death. The rest of the sisters in the Price family go through many different life changes: Adah dedicates herself to getting a scientific education back home (she is hemiplegic and wants to learn more about the condition); Leah marries Anatole and they start a family together; Rachel remains very self-centered, goes through a string of marriages, and starts a business; and Nathan dies in his unsuccessful mission. The", "title": "The Poisonwood Bible" }, { "id": "16085775", "text": "his services. Leah refuses to wait for Elijah and ends their relationship. Elijah returns to Summer Bay and brings home a new wife Grace and her son Thabo. It becomes apparent that Elijah has married Grace so she can enter Australia to seek medical help for Thabo, who is seriously ill. Leah is upset with Elijah and decides not to continue with their relationship while he is married to Grace. Elijah tells Leah that he loves her but she tells Elijah she cannot allow herself to be hurt by him again. Morag soon discovers the truth and warns Elijah that", "title": "Elijah Johnson (Home and Away)" }, { "id": "18675060", "text": "(and Vulgate) and use mandrake as the plant as the proper meaning in both the Book of Genesis 30:14–16 and Song of Songs 7:12-13. Others follow the example of the Luther Bible and provide a more literal translation. In Genesis 30:14, Reuben, the eldest son of Jacob and Leah, finds mandrake in a field. Rachel, Jacob's infertile second wife and Leah's sister, is desirous of the and barters with Leah for them. The trade offered by Rachel is for Leah to spend that night in Jacob's bed in exchange for Leah's . Leah gives away the plant to her barren", "title": "Mandrake" }, { "id": "13563311", "text": "like Leah to act out of character and become evil for a couple of episodes and have a nervous breakdown. Leah and Vinnie decide to marry. Nicodemou and Kwanten were permitted to choose their own wedding attire for the wedding episodes. Nicodemou's choice of dress caused her problems while filming, because of its tight fit. After a two-week shoot in the same attire, Nicodemou revealed that she sustained bruising on her ribs from where the dress' wear. Nicodemou said that she loved Leah and Vinnie being together and said their wedding was a personal favourite scene. She also revealed that", "title": "Leah Patterson-Baker" }, { "id": "2858427", "text": "Manoah Manoah ( \"Mānoaḥ\") is a figure from the Book of Judges 13:1-23 and 14:2-4 of the Hebrew Bible. His name means \"rest\" or \"quiet\". According to the Bible, Manoah was of the tribe of Dan and lived in the city of Zorah. He married one woman, who was barren. Her name is not mentioned in the Bible, but according to tradition she was called Hazelelponi or Zʻllpunith. She was a daughter of Etam and sister of Ishma. Manoah and his wife were the parents of famous judge Samson. According to Rabbinic tradition, they also had a daughter called Nishyan", "title": "Manoah" }, { "id": "7689901", "text": "been called \"alarmingly obscene\"), in her honour. In Leah Crowley he found an ideal magical partner. He called her vagina \"the Hirsig patent vacuum-pump\". After Raoul Loveday died from drinking contaminated water at Cefalù, Mary Butts reported in one of her journals about Hirsig of an unsuccessful attempt to induce a he-goat to copulate with her at the Abbey of Thelema, emulating an ancient pagan ritual (an account corroborated by Crowley himself in an unpublished passage in one of his diaries). With Crowley, Leah had a daughter, whom they named Anna Leah (Poupée) Crowley. She was born on 26 Jan", "title": "Leah Hirsig" }, { "id": "17028229", "text": "Sarah died. After taking care of her burial, Abraham went about finding a wife for his son Isaac, who was already 37 years old. He commanded his servant (whom the Torah commentators identify as Eliezer of Damascus) to journey to his birthplace of Aram Naharaim to select a bride from his own family, rather than engage Isaac to a local Canaanite girl. Abraham sent along expensive jewelry, clothing and dainties as gifts to the bride and her family. If the girl had refused to follow him, Abraham stated that Eliezer would be absolved of his responsibility. The servant devised a", "title": "Rebecca" }, { "id": "7372683", "text": "Salmon would probably have been a contemporary of Joshua and part of the generation of Israelites who entered the promised land. Rahab's marriage to Salmon is not mentioned in the account of her hiding Joshua's messengers sent out to spy out Jericho, although the narrative regarding her role concludes that \"she dwells in Israel to this day\". Salmon (biblical figure) Salmon ( \"Śalmōn\") or Salmah (שַׂלְמָה \"Śalmāh\", ) is a person mentioned in genealogies in both the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) and in the New Testament. He was the son of Nahshon, married Rahab (possibly Rahab, harlot of Jericho), and", "title": "Salmon (biblical figure)" }, { "id": "13185172", "text": "Leah Horowitz Sarah Rebecca Rachel Leah Horowitz (1715?–1790?), known as Leah Horowitz, was a rabbinic and kabbalistic scholar, who wrote in Yiddish. She was the author of Tkhinne imohes (Supplication of the Matriarchs). She lived in Bolechów, Poland. Horowitz was the daughter of Jacob Yokl ben Meir Ha-Levi Horowitz (1680–1755) and Reyzel bat Heshl. Her father was a member of the famed kloiz of Brody. Horowitz was one of some seven children. Three of her brothers were rabbis, of whom the most eminent was Isaac (known as \"Itsikl Hamburger\", 1715–1767), rabbi of Hamburg, Altona, and Wandsbek. There was also a", "title": "Leah Horowitz" }, { "id": "6527027", "text": "for when Leah was being given to Jacob, Rachel knew it, yet was silent. For the Gemara taught (as recounted at greater length above) that when Jacob asked Rachel to marry him, Jacob entrusted Rachel with certain signs by which he might know her in the dark. While Leah was being led into the bridal chamber, Rachel realized that Leah would be disgraced, so Rachel gave Leah the signs. And thus because of what Rachel did, Jacob did not know that it was Leah until the morning. A Midrash taught that it was only just that \"God remembered Rachel,\" because", "title": "Vayetze" }, { "id": "13101047", "text": "Tharbis Tharbis (alternatively Adoniah), according to Josephus, was a Cushite princess of Kingdom of Kush, who married Moses prior to his marriage to Zipporah as told in the Book of Exodus. Tharbis is alleged to have been the daughter of King Merops, or the widow of Kikianus. According to the first-century Romano-Jewish scholar Josephus, in Moses' early adult life, he had led the Egyptians in a campaign against invading Ethiopians and defeated them. While Moses was besieging the city of Meru, Tharbis watched him lead the Egyptian army from within the city walls, and fell in love with him. He", "title": "Tharbis" }, { "id": "3624405", "text": "Leah Rabin Leah Rabin (, née Schloßberg; 8 April 1928 – 12 November 2000) was the widow of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, who was assassinated in 1995. Leah Rabin was born Leah Schloßberg in Königsberg, East Prussia, Germany (now Kaliningrad, Russia), to an upper-middle-class family of Russian-born parents. Immediately after Adolf Hitler's election as Chancellor of Germany in 1933, Schloßberg emigrated with her family to Mandate Palestine. Her father had bought a piece of property near Binyamina on his first trip to the area in 1927. She met her future husband, Yitzhak Rabin, at school. They married in 1948,", "title": "Leah Rabin" }, { "id": "11650035", "text": "Old Testament: in Genesis Chapter 29 Laban substitutes Leah for Rachel on Jacob's wedding night, as Jacob discovers the following morning. Other examples range throughout the Western canon (several occur in Arthurian romance, as well as in Chaucer's \"The Reeve's Tale\") and can be paralleled by instances in non-Western cultures. For modern readers and audiences, the bed trick is most immediately and most closely associated with English Renaissance drama, primarily due to the uses of the bed trick by Shakespeare in his two dark comedies, \"All's Well That Ends Well\" and \"Measure for Measure\". In \"All's Well That Ends Well\",", "title": "Bed trick" }, { "id": "16085763", "text": "actions nearly ruin Leah's life as she cannot deal with their break-up. Nicodemou said \"she's working herself to the bone so she doesn't have to deal with it.\" She collapses from stress and does not know how to cope because \"Elijah helped her last time\" and now she has no one. However, Elijah later returns to \"Summer Bay\" following his time in Africa. He arrives with a new wife Grace Johnson (Clare Chihambakwe) whom he has married to help her ill son, Thabo Manthenga (Joshua Mbakwe) receive treatment. Laga'aia said that missionary work was Elijah's \"calling\" in life and that", "title": "Elijah Johnson (Home and Away)" }, { "id": "15147576", "text": "she met a Sephardic Jew named Joseph Sumbel who was imprisoned for contempt and they married in prison. She became a jew and took the name Leah. Sumbel was a secretary to the ambassador from Morocco. Sumbel tried unsuccessfully to have the marriage annulled. She later became a Christian again. She does not seem to have acted much later than 1790, though she gave her imitations at private houses; and once attempted to give them publicly during Lent, but was prevented by the bishop of London. She spent her later years in lodgings with her aged mother. She also applied", "title": "Mary Wells (actress)" }, { "id": "213900", "text": "gave her handmaid Zilpah to Jacob in marriage so that Leah could raise more children through her. Zilpah gave birth to Gad and Asher. Afterwards, Leah became fertile again and gave birth to Issachar, Zebulun, and Dinah, Jacob's first and only daughter. God remembered Rachel, who gave birth to Joseph and Benjamin. If pregnancies of different marriages overlapped, the first twelve births (all the sons except Benjamin, and the daughter Dinah) could have occurred within seven years. That is one obvious, but not universally held, interpretation of . After Joseph was born, Jacob decided to return home to his parents.", "title": "Jacob" }, { "id": "1393084", "text": "his descendants in the protection of God. Muslims maintain that Abraham's father was Aazar (), which could be derived from the Syriac \"Athar\", who is known in the Hebrew Bible as Terah. Abraham had two children, Isaac and Ishmael, who both later became prophets. Abraham's two wives are believed to have been Sarah and Hājar, the latter of whom was originally Sarah's handmaiden. Abraham's nephew is said to have been the messenger Lut (Lot), who was one of the other people who migrated with Abraham out of their community. Abraham himself is said to have been a descendant of Nuh", "title": "Abraham in Islam" }, { "id": "3351727", "text": "returned to his father in Jerusalem, and later resettled in Ethiopia. He took with him the Ark of the Covenant. In the Bible there is no mention that the Queen of Sheba either married or had any sexual relations with King Solomon (although some identify her with the \"black and beautiful\" in Song of Songs 1:5). Rather, the narrative records that she was impressed with Solomon's wealth and wisdom, and they exchanged royal gifts, and then she returned to rule her people in Kush. However, the \"royal gifts\" are interpreted by some as sexual contact. The loss of the Ark", "title": "Beta Israel" } ]	who was leah married to in the bible
[ "December 20, 2017" ]	[ { "id": "18411194", "text": "The Greatest Showman The Greatest Showman is a 2017 American musical film directed by Michael Gracey in his directorial debut, written by Jenny Bicks and Bill Condon and starring Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, Michelle Williams, Rebecca Ferguson, and Zendaya. The film is inspired by the story of P. T. Barnum's creation of the Barnum & Bailey Circus and the lives of its star attractions. Principal photography began in New York City in November 2016. The film premiered on December 8, 2017, aboard the RMS \"Queen Mary 2\". It was released in the United States on December 20, 2017, by 20th", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411206", "text": "copies, 186,000 downloads and 186,000 streaming. On November 16, 2018. 20th Century Fox released a cover album entitled \"The Greatest Showman: Reimagined\", featuring a variety of artists. \"The Greatest Showman\" held its premiere on December 8, 2017, aboard the RMS \"Queen Mary 2\", while it was docked in New York City. The film was then released in the United States on December 20, 2017. Like Disney's live-action \"Beauty and the Beast\", a sing-along version of the film was released in the United Kingdom on February 23, 2018. The film had a limited IMAX release on February 2. On June 28,", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411195", "text": "Century Fox and grossed over $434million worldwide, making it the fifth-highest grossing live-action musical of all time. The film was released seven months after Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus's dissolution. \"The Greatest Showman\" received mixed reviews, with praise for the performances, music, and production values, but criticism for its artistic license, with some reviewers calling it \"faux-inspiring and shallow\". At the 75th Golden Globe Awards, the film received nominations for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy and Best Actor – Musical or Comedy for Jackman. For the song \"This Is Me\", the film won the Golden Globe", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411219", "text": "its own aesthetic hypocrisy. You've rarely seen a more straight-laced musical about the joys of letting your freak flag fly.\" The Greatest Showman The Greatest Showman is a 2017 American musical film directed by Michael Gracey in his directorial debut, written by Jenny Bicks and Bill Condon and starring Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, Michelle Williams, Rebecca Ferguson, and Zendaya. The film is inspired by the story of P. T. Barnum's creation of the Barnum & Bailey Circus and the lives of its star attractions. Principal photography began in New York City in November 2016. The film premiered on December 8,", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411208", "text": "United Kingdom, the film was released first on digital download on April 27, 2018, while Blu-ray, 4K Ultra HD and DVD copies went on sale on May 14. These versions include the sing-along version, two hours of behind-the-scenes footage and music machine jukebox features. \"The Greatest Showman\" spent 219 days in release, closing on July 26, 2018, having grossed $174.3million in the United States and Canada, and $260.7million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $435million, against a production budget of $84million. It is the third highest grossing musical ever in North America and globally, respectively, and \"Deadline Hollywood\"", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "20411740", "text": "1 in 50 years, and has sold over 4.5 million copies worldwide. The album's single \"This Is Me\" won Best Original Song – Motion Picture at the 75th Golden Globe Awards, and was nominated for Best Song at the Critics' Choice Movie Awards and Best Original Song at the 90th Academy Awards. The first pre-order release was on October 26, 2017 with the soundtrack released in full on December 8, 2017 by Atlantic Records. It debuted at number 71 on \"Billboard\" 200, and later stayed at number one for two weeks. On January 7, 2018, the soundtrack had been on", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "18411207", "text": "2017, 20th Century Fox released the first international trailer to promote the film. On November 13, 2017, the second trailer was released. On December 17, 2017, Fox televised a live performance of \"Come Alive\" from Warner Bros. Studios during its live musical special \"A Christmas Story Live!\" (which was based on fellow Pasek and Paul work \"\"). The number featured the film's stars and a cast of 150 dancers. In the United States, the film was released via digital download on March 20, 2018, and was released on Blu-ray, DVD and 4K Ultra HD on April 10, 2018. In the", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411209", "text": "estimated the film would turn a profit between $50–100 million. In the United States and Canada, \"The Greatest Showman\" was released alongside \"\", and was projected to gross around $21million from 3,006 theaters over its first six days. It took in $2million on its first day and $2million on its second. Over the three day weekend, it grossed $9million (for a six-day total of $19million), finishing fourth at the box office, behind \"\", \"Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle\" and \"Pitch Perfect 3\". In its second weekend, the film grossed $15.5million, again finishing 4th at the box office. The weekend-to-weekend increase", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411210", "text": "of 76.3% marked the largest ever for a film playing in over 3,000 theaters, and the fourth biggest ever. In its third week, the film dropped 11% to $14million. The film made $13million in its fourth weekend and $11million in its fifth, finishing 4th and 5th at the box office, respectively. The film continued to hold well in its sixth week of release, grossing $9.5million and returning to 4th place, and again finished fourth in its seventh week, this time grossing $7.8million (a drop of just 18%). It is the 13th highest-grossing film that never reached first place at the", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "20411738", "text": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the film of the same name. It was released in full on December 8, 2017 by Atlantic Records. The first pre-order release was on October 26, 2017 with two promotional singles: \"The Greatest Show\" and \"This Is Me\" and a third on November 17, 2017 \"Rewrite the Stars\". \"This Is Me\" was released on December 8, 2017 as the album's official lead single. In Australia, \"Rewrite the Stars\" was released to radio on July 20, 2018. Produced by Justin Paul, Benj", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "20411739", "text": "Pasek, Greg Wells, Kevin Weaver, and Pete Ganbarg, the album became a global success following the release of the film, topping the charts in several countries including the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom and Japan. The album also reached number one on iTunes in over 77 countries. In the United Kingdom, the album is a commercial success and is the best-selling album of 2018. It became only the second album in 30 years to spend 11 consecutive weeks at number 1 and in its 20th week atop the UK Albums Chart, it became the longest running soundtrack at number", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "19360457", "text": "Anupam Kher. Later in 2016, Bordizzo closed the year by taking on the supporting role of Deng Yan in \"The Greatest Showman\", an American musical film directed by Michael Gracey in his directorial debut and starring Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, Michelle Williams, Rebecca Ferguson, and Zendaya. Bordizzo was excited to begin principal photography in New York as she had never had any song or dance training - both of which she found \"terrifying\" The film premiered on December 8, 2017, aboard the RMS \"Queen Mary 2\". It was released in the United States on December 20, 2017, by 20th Century", "title": "Natasha Liu Bordizzo" }, { "id": "9956360", "text": "Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song. \"City of Stars\" and \"Audition\" received nominations for Best Original Song at the 89th Academy Awards, and they won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for \"City of Stars.\" Pasek and Paul wrote the songs for the 2017 musical drama film \"The Greatest Showman\". About the Barnum & Bailey Circus, the film premiered on December 8, 2017. The duo's song \"This Is Me\" won a Golden Globe for Best Original Song and was nominated for Best Original Song at the 90th Academy Awards. Pasek and Paul are writing songs for Disney's upcoming", "title": "Pasek and Paul" }, { "id": "20411741", "text": "the top of the \"Billboard\" 200 for two weeks, reaching its top in its fourth week of availability. It had sold 106,000 copies. In the third week it became number two. \"The Greatest Showman\" beat that week's top album in traditional album sales (70,000 vs. 65,000) and was the top-selling album of the week, but did not top the \"Billboard\" 200 due to TEA units and SEA units. By February 7, 2018, the soundtrack was a breakout hit at number 1 on the UK album charts and number 2 in the United States. On February 8, 2018, \"Stereogum\" published an", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "18411204", "text": "star in the film, and in July 2016, Michelle Williams was cast. The film was choreographed by Ashley Wallen. Rehearsals on the film began in October 2016 in New York City, and principal photography began on November 22, 2016. In December 2017, it was reported that James Mangold, who had worked with Jackman on several projects (including 2017's \"Logan\"), had been brought in to serve as an executive producer during the film's post-production. In an interview, director Michael Gracey noted, \"There were eight producers on this film, and it was amazing having one of them be a filmmaker.\" Benj Pasek", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "1396007", "text": "September 26, 2010. The Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Steamboat Company, which Barnum co-founded in 1883 with Charles E. Tooker, continues to operate across the Long Island Sound between Port Jefferson, New York, and Bridgeport, as of at least 2017. The company owns and operates three vessels, one of which is named the (M.V.) PT Barnum. The Barnum Museum, located in Bridgeport, Connecticut, is home to many of Barnum's various oddities and curiosities. In December 2017, an American film titled, \"The Greatest Showman\" was released. This musical was based loosely on the life of Barnum (portrayed by Hugh Jackman). Directed by", "title": "P. T. Barnum" }, { "id": "20411745", "text": "from below with a wind machine blowing in their face.\" Notes Notes Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"The Greatest Showman\". The Greatest Showman: Reimagined is a re-recording of the original soundtrack for the 2017 film \"The Greatest Showman\". The album featuring new version of the original songs sung by the likes of Pink, Kesha, Panic! at the Disco, and more. The album was released on November 16, 2018. The Kesha version of \"This Is Me\" was originally released as a non-album single on 22 December 2017, to promote the original soundtrack, but later featured on the soundtrack's re-release.", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "2818635", "text": "Century Fox announced that a biographical musical drama film entitled \"The Greatest Showman\" was in development. Michael Gracey was set to direct, with Jenny Bicks and Bill Condon as writers. Hugh Jackman plays P.T. Barnum, and produced the film, with Michelle Williams portraying Barnum's wife, Charity. Principal photography began in November 2016 and was released on December 20, 2017. Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, also known as the Ringling Bros. Circus, Ringling Bros. or simply Ringling was an American traveling circus company billed as The Greatest Show on Earth. It and", "title": "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus" }, { "id": "18411196", "text": "Award for Best Original Song and was nominated for Best Original Song at the 90th Academy Awards and for Best Song Written for Visual Media at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards. In the late 19th century, P. T. Barnum and his troupe perform a show at the circus (\"The Greatest Show\"). In a flashback to Barnum's childhood where he and his father Philo, a tailor, work for the Hallett family, he becomes infatuated with their daughter, Charity. Charity explains that her father is sending her to finishing school, and she does not know what her future will be, but Barnum", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "19367339", "text": "in the series. In 2017, Abdul-Mateen appeared in Shawn Christensen's drama film \"The Vanishing of Sidney Hall,\" in the role of Duane. It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival. Abdul-Mateen played a police officer, Garner Ellerbee, in the action comedy film \"Baywatch\" along with Dwayne Johnson and Zac Efron, and directed by Seth Gordon. The film was released on May 25, 2017. He also played WD Wheeler, a smart hand-to-hand acrobat partner, in the musical film \"The Greatest Showman\" (2017), along with Hugh Jackman, Michelle Williams, and Zac Efron, about the famous American showman P.T. Barnum. He will also", "title": "Yahya Abdul-Mateen II" }, { "id": "1396008", "text": "Michael Gracey, \"The Greatest Showman\" shows PT Barnum as a young boy with a flair for entertainment. The young Barnum then grows up, marries his childhood love (Charity Hallet), starts the circus, and tours with Jenny Lind. The film was released seven months after the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus permanently dissolved. Films and television: Theatre: Books: Music: P. T. Barnum Phineas Taylor Barnum (; July 5, 1810 – April 7, 1891) was an American showman, politician, and businessman remembered for promoting celebrated hoaxes and for founding the Barnum & Bailey Circus (1871–2017). He was also an author,", "title": "P. T. Barnum" }, { "id": "20501511", "text": "Graham Norton Show\" on February 9, 2018. Later she performed on \"The Ellen DeGeneres Show\" on February 21, 2018. She also performed the song at the 90th Academy Awards ceremony on March 4, 2018. This Is Me (Keala Settle song) \"This Is Me\" is a song performed by Keala Settle for the film \"The Greatest Showman\". It was released on October 26, 2017, by Atlantic Records as a promotional single from \"\" and the official lead single on December 8, 2017. It won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song at the 75th Golden Globe Awards and was nominated", "title": "This Is Me (Keala Settle song)" }, { "id": "14894333", "text": "replicating her Oscars look. In 2016, Zendaya made her feature film debut as Michelle \"MJ\" Jones in \"\", which was released in July 2017. The film grossed $117 million in its first weekend, ranking number one at the box office. John DeFore of \"The Hollywood Reporter\" praised her as a \"scene stealer\" and David Ehrlich of IndieWire called her the film's \"MVP\", despite her brief on-screen time. In August 2017, Zendaya appeared in the music video for Versace on the Floor by Bruno Mars. Later in December 2017, Zendaya co-starred in the musical film \"The Greatest Showman\", alongside Hugh Jackman,", "title": "Zendaya" }, { "id": "4410973", "text": "meltdown\" of contrasting support and condemnation. He co-authored the screenplay for \"The Greatest Showman\", a biography of P.T. Barnum, starring Hugh Jackman and released in December 2017. He rewrote the draft of co-author Jenny Bicks. Condon is set to direct a remake of \"Bride of Frankenstein\" for Universal Pictures starring Javier Bardem as Frankenstein's Monster, scheduled for release February 14, 2019. In October 2017, Condon decided to postpone pre-production on the film. \"Deadline Hollywood\" reported that Condon and David Koepp wanted to rework the script. Condon is a member of the Independent Feature Projects (IFP) in Los Angeles, a non-profit", "title": "Bill Condon" }, { "id": "20501509", "text": "This Is Me (Keala Settle song) \"This Is Me\" is a song performed by Keala Settle for the film \"The Greatest Showman\". It was released on October 26, 2017, by Atlantic Records as a promotional single from \"\" and the official lead single on December 8, 2017. It won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song at the 75th Golden Globe Awards and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 90th Academy Awards but lost to \"Remember Me\" from the film \"Coco\". It was later nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Song Written", "title": "This Is Me (Keala Settle song)" }, { "id": "17274993", "text": "in \"South Pacific\". In 2017, Settle portrayed Lettie Lutz, a bearded lady, in the biographical musical drama film \"The Greatest Showman\", alongside Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, and Zendaya. The song \"This Is Me\" from the film, principally sung by Settle, won the 2018 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song. On December 22, 2017, she released an extended play entitled \"Chapter One\". In 2018, she was featured in \"Forbidden\", the newest Todrick Hall visual album, especially in the song called \"Forbidden\", a song against homophobia. Keala Settle Keala Joan", "title": "Keala Settle" }, { "id": "20411746", "text": "Leading up to the album's release, the songs \"A Million Dreams\" and \"A Million Dreams (Reprise)\" performed by P!nk and her daughter Willow Sage Hart respectively, were released as promotional singles along with the pre-order of the album on October 24, 2018. On November 2, 2018, Panic! at the Disco's cover of \"The Greatest Show\" was released as second promotional single. On 16 November, the day the soundtrack was released, the video for James Arthur's and Anne-Marie's \"Rewrite the Stars\" was released. Notes The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "20529915", "text": "single. The pair performed the song on the fifteenth season of \"The X Factor\" (UK) on December 1 and the fifteenth season of \"The Voice\" (US) on December 4. It was released to Australian radio, and a remix by Wideboys was released on December 14. Rewrite the Stars \"Rewrite the Stars\" is a song performed by Zac Efron and Zendaya for the film \"The Greatest Showman\". It was released on November 17, 2017 by Atlantic Records as a promotional single from \"\". In Australia, \"Rewrite the Stars\" was released to radio on July 20, 2018. The song sees Efron's character", "title": "Rewrite the Stars" }, { "id": "20411742", "text": "article writing that \"statistically speaking, \"The Greatest Showman\" is by far the most popular album of the year so far.\" By February 27, it was the top album on iTunes. By March 23, 2018, it had been the number one in the UK for eleven straight weeks, more than \"any other album in modern chart history except Adele's \"21\".\" It had sold 465,000 copies, with around 40% of those sales on CD and vinyl. By April 6 the album climbed back up the charts for its 12th non-consecutive week at number one. The album was selected for the 2017 Oprah's", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "19112260", "text": "Jungle\" grossed $404.5 million in the United States and Canada and $557.6 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $962.1 million. On April 10, 2018, the film passed \"Spider-Man\" ($403.7 million) to become Sony's highest-grossing film domestically. \"Deadline Hollywood\" calculated its net profit as $305.7 million when factoring all expenses and revenues, making it 2017's fourth-most-profitable release. In the U.S. and Canada, the film was released on December 20, 2017, with \"The Greatest Showman\" and was projected to gross about $60 million from 3,765 theaters in its six-day opening weekend; the studio predicted a $45 million debut. It", "title": "Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle" }, { "id": "20254902", "text": "at the Cannes Film Festival, and was released on October 13, 2017, by Netflix. That same year, she appeared in \"The Greatest Showman\" opposite Hugh Jackman and Michelle Williams. In 2018, Rankin appeared in \"Irreplaceable You\", directed by Stephanie Laing, opposite Gugu Mbatha-Raw and Michiel Huisman. It was released on February 16, 2018, by Netflix. That same year, she appeared in \"In a Relationship\" directed by Sam Boyd, which had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 20, 2018. She will next appear in \"Her Smell\", directed by Alex Ross Perry, opposite Elisabeth Moss and Agyness Deyn.", "title": "Gayle Rankin" }, { "id": "20411743", "text": "Favorite Things list. By February 23, 2018, the track \"This Is Me\" was nominated for Best Original Song at the 2018 Academy Awards. According to Sky News on March 25, 2018, \"music critics have put the album's success down to the feel-good, uplifting pop tunes which are also old school at the same time.\" Sheila O'Malley of RogerEbert.com called the 11 songs \"memorable,\" praising the vocal performances of the leads. The women's magazine \"Bustle\" gave it a positive review, particularly certain vocal performances. \"Stereogum\" described the soundtrack music as eclectic in its influences, giving it a negative reception for \"[serving]", "title": "The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "3578202", "text": "she won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress. Williams' highest-grossing releases came with the thriller \"Shutter Island\" (2010), the fantasy film \"Oz the Great and Powerful\" (2013), the musical \"The Greatest Showman\" (2017), and the superhero film \"Venom\" (2018). On Broadway, Williams has starred in revivals of the musical \"Cabaret\" in 2014 and the drama \"Blackbird\" in 2016. For playing a sexually abused woman in \"Blackbird\", she received a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. Despite significant media attention, Williams is reticent about her personal life. She was in a relationship with the actor", "title": "Michelle Williams (actress)" }, { "id": "2050300", "text": "the musical \"The Greatest Showman\" (2017). His work in \"Les Misérables\" earned him his first Academy Award nomination for Best Actor and his first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy in 2013. In Broadway theatre, Jackman won a Tony Award for his role in \"The Boy from Oz\". A four-time host of the Tony Awards themselves, he won an Emmy Award for one of these appearances. Jackman also hosted the 81st Academy Awards on 22 February 2009. Jackman was born in Sydney, New South Wales, to Grace McNeil (née Greenwood) and Christopher John Jackman,", "title": "Hugh Jackman" }, { "id": "18411203", "text": "which Barnum happily accepts. As rebuilding the circus in its original location would be too expensive, Barnum transforms it into an open-air tent circus by the docks. The revamped circus is a huge success, and Barnum gives full control of the show to Carlyle so he can focus on his family (\"The Greatest Show\" reprise). The project was first announced in 2009, with Jackman already set for the title role. In August 2011, Michael Gracey was chosen to direct. In 2013, Fox hired lyricists Pasek and Paul to write the songs. On June 15, 2016, Zac Efron began negotiations to", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "20529913", "text": "Rewrite the Stars \"Rewrite the Stars\" is a song performed by Zac Efron and Zendaya for the film \"The Greatest Showman\". It was released on November 17, 2017 by Atlantic Records as a promotional single from \"\". In Australia, \"Rewrite the Stars\" was released to radio on July 20, 2018. The song sees Efron's character Phillip Carlyle, serenading Zendaya's character Anne Wheeler and trying to convince her that they're meant to be together, despite their differences. According to sheet music published at Sheetmusicdirect.com, \"Rewrite the Stars\" is a moderately fast tempo of 125 beats per minute. Written in common time,", "title": "Rewrite the Stars" }, { "id": "18411211", "text": "American box office. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 55% based on 229 reviews, and an average rating of 6/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"The Greatest Showman\" tries hard to dazzle the audience with a Barnum-style sense of wonder – but at the expense of its complex subject's far more intriguing real-life story.\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 48 out of 100, based on 43 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"A\" on an A+ to F", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "17274986", "text": "Keala Settle Keala Joan Settle (born November 5, 1975) is an American actress and singer. Settle originated the role of Norma Valverde in \"Hands on a Hardbody\", which ran on Broadway in 2013, and was nominated for the Outer Critics Circle Award, Drama Desk Award, and Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical. In 2017, she portrayed Lettie Lutz, a bearded lady, in the musical film \"The Greatest Showman\". The song \"This Is Me\" from the film, principally sung by Settle, won the 2018 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, and was nominated for the Academy Award", "title": "Keala Settle" }, { "id": "20522864", "text": "After working on early demos, she was cast as the singing voice of Rebecca Ferguson's Jenny Lind on the project \"The Greatest Showman\". The film soundtrack was successful, going platinum and topping the Billboard albums chart in January 2018. The same month, Allred's featured song, \"Never Enough,\" reached number 88 on the Hot 100. Loren Allred Loren Allred (born September 7, 1989) is an American singer, songwriter, and pianist. Allred made her Billboard debut with \"Never Enough\" from the soundtrack to the musical, \"The Greatest Showman\". Allred is the eldest daughter born to musician parents: her mother, Carol Ann Allred,", "title": "Loren Allred" }, { "id": "2050326", "text": "Peary in \"Eddie the Eagle\", which portrayed how Eddie \"The Eagle\" Edwards became the first competitor to represent Great Britain in Olympic ski jumping in 1988. He had an uncredited cameo as Wolverine in the 2016 film \"\". In 2017, he reprised the character in the third Wolverine film, \"Logan\", and also starred as P. T. Barnum in the musical \"The Greatest Showman\". He has received a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy nomination for the latter film. In 2019, He will go on a world arena tour called, The Man. The Music. The", "title": "Hugh Jackman" }, { "id": "17426581", "text": "gained a Tony Award for Best Actress nomination. Also in 2016, Williams took on the role of a grieving mother in \"Manchester by the Sea\", for which she received her fourth Academy Award nomination. The 2017 musical \"The Greatest Showman\" and the 2018 superhero film \"Venom\" emerged as two of her most commercially successful releases. Michelle Williams on screen and stage Michelle Williams is an American actress who has appeared in film, television, and on stage. Her first screen appearance was at the age of 13 in a 1993 episode of the television series \"Baywatch\", and she made her film", "title": "Michelle Williams on screen and stage" }, { "id": "18411205", "text": "and Justin Paul wrote all the songs appearing in the film. The soundtrack album is produced by Justin Paul, Benj Pasek, Greg Wells, Kevin Weaver and Pete Ganbarg, featuring the eleven tracks performed by the cast. In the United Kingdom it became only the second album in 30 years to achieve 11 consecutive weeks at number 1. \"The Greatest Showman\" now draws level with Adele's \"21\" for the longest unbroken run at the UK summit in the last 30 years. The cast album is now at 910,000 combined units, according to the Official Charts Company, made up of 420,000 physical", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "3578239", "text": "to reclaim her life in the face of tragedy. Several journalists took note of Williams' climactic monologue, in which Randy confronts Lee, as the film's highlight; Justin Chang considered it to be an \"astonishing scene that rises from the movie like a small aria of heartbreak\". Williams received her fourth Academy Award nomination for the film, her second in the Best Supporting Actress category. Following a brief appearance in Todd Hayne's drama \"Wonderstruck\" (2017), Williams appeared in the musical \"The Greatest Showman\". Inspired by P. T. Barnum's creation of the Barnum & Bailey Circus, the film featured her as Charity,", "title": "Michelle Williams (actress)" }, { "id": "12688454", "text": "her performance in the film, she won the Best Actress award at the 2016 Prague Independent Film Festival. Later that same year, Ferguson appeared in Stephen Frears' \"Florence Foster Jenkins\", alongside Meryl Streep, and Tate Taylor's thriller book adaptation \"The Girl on the Train\". In 2017, Ferguson played the female lead in Daniel Espinosa's sci-fi thriller \"Life\", opposite Jake Gyllenhaal and Ryan Reynolds, co-starred in Tomas Alfredson's crime thriller \"The Snowman\", alongside Michael Fassbender and Charlotte Gainsbourg, and starred as Swedish soprano Jenny Lind in the musical film \"The Greatest Showman\", with Hugh Jackman and Michelle Williams. In 2007, Ferguson", "title": "Rebecca Ferguson" }, { "id": "12058760", "text": "2012 teaser trailer for \"Iron Man 3\" features Trapanese's composition \"Something to Fight For\". His career eventually lead to working on major studio feature films working solo and alongside recording artists. Some of his well known credits include Universal Studios's \"Straight Outta Compton\", Lionsgate Films's \"\", Sony Pictures Classics' \"The Raid 2\", and Universal Studios's \"Oblivion\" (co-composed with Anthony Gonzalez of M83). In 2017 he scored the Sony Pictures feature Only the Brave, his third collaboration with director Joseph Kosinski, and co-scored the 20th Century Fox musical The Greatest Showman alongside composer John Debney. On that film he produced several", "title": "Joseph Trapanese" }, { "id": "1374182", "text": "escapes from the circus; and \"Circus World\" (1964), starring John Wayne. Mera Naam Joker (1970) a Hindi drama film directed by Raj Kapoor which was about a clown who must make his audience laugh at the cost of his own sorrows. In the film \"Jungle Emperor Leo\" (1997), Leo's son Lune is captured and placed in a circus, which burns down when a tiger knocks down a ring of fire while jumping through it. \"The Greatest Showman\", a musical film loosely based on the life of P. T. Barnum, was released in 2017. The TV series \"Circus Humberto\", based on", "title": "Circus" }, { "id": "18411199", "text": "trapeze artist, but he hides his feelings. During a trip, Carlyle arranges for Barnum and his troupe to meet Queen Victoria. Afterwards, Barnum meets Jenny Lind, a famed Swedish singer, whom he convinces to perform in America, with him serving as her manager. Lind's first American performance is a rousing success (\"Never Enough\"). As Barnum gains favor with the aristocratic patrons, he begins to distance himself from his original troupe, refusing to socialize with them. Dejected, they decide to stand against their local harassers (\"This Is Me\"). Carlyle and Wheeler attend the theater together one night, only to run into", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "9587211", "text": "Eric Anderson (actor) Eric Anderson (born December 14, 1972) is an American actor and singer. On Broadway, he has originated roles in \"Waitress\", \"Kinky Boots\", \"The Last Ship\", \"Rocky\", and \"Soul Doctor\", and was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actor in a Musical. He portrayed Mr. O’Malley in \"The Greatest Showman\" (2017). In 2006, Anderson won the inaugural Joel Hirschhorn award for outstanding achievement in musical theatre, awarded by the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle. He received two San Diego Critics Circle Craig Noel Awards and multiple Back Stage West Garland Awards as best actor in a", "title": "Eric Anderson (actor)" }, { "id": "11778554", "text": "Jon Bass, Ilfenesh Hadera, and Priyanka Chopra. Also in 2017, Efron had a supporting role in two biographical films released in December, \"The Disaster Artist\", a comedy-drama directed by and starring James Franco, and, as Phillip, in the musical \"The Greatest Showman\", opposite Hugh Jackman. Both were nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy. In May 2017, it was announced that Efron will play serial killer Ted Bundy in \"Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile\", opposite Lily Collins as Bundy's girlfriend. In the same year, he was cast in a co-starring role in", "title": "Zac Efron" }, { "id": "18411217", "text": "an awful mess, but it's flashy. The temptation is to cover your face and watch it through your fingers, because it's so earnest and embarrassing and misguided – and yet it's well-made.\" In a negative review for \"The Hollywood Reporter\", David Rooney wrote \"This ersatz portrait of American big-top tent impresario P.T. Barnum is all smoke and mirrors, no substance. It hammers pedestrian themes of family, friendship and inclusivity while neglecting the fundaments of character and story.\" Writing for \"Rolling Stone\", Peter Travers gave the film 1.5 out of 4 stars, saying, \"How do you cast a virtuoso Hugh Jackman", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "16659616", "text": "Ultron\" made its world premiere at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood on April 13, 2015, and held its European premiere on April 21 at the Vue West End in London. The film was released in 11 territories on April 22, with its release jumping to 55% of its international market (44 countries) by the end of its first weekend, before releasing on May 1 in the United States, in 3D and IMAX 3D. In the United States, the film opened in 4,276 theaters, including 2,761 3D theaters, 364 IMAX, 400 premium large format, and 143 D-Box theaters. Many independent theater", "title": "Avengers: Age of Ultron" }, { "id": "18967459", "text": "film of 2017 to top the box office three times, following \"Split\", \"The Fate of the Furious\" and \"The Hitman's Bodyguard\", before being overtaken by Disney's own \"\" and another animated film, \" Ferdinand\", in its fourth weekend. It fell to number six in its fifth weekend, due to competition from three new releases – \"\", \"Pitch Perfect 3\", and \"The Greatest Showman\" – despite a small drop again; it grossed $2.8 million on Christmas Day. On the holiday week of December 22–28, the film finished at number six with a gross of $16.3 million, which was 6% up from", "title": "Coco (2017 film)" }, { "id": "18411197", "text": "explains that he expects great things from his future, and reassures her that they will not be separated. The two keep in touch through letters until they meet again in adulthood (\"A Million Dreams\"), eventually marrying and raising two daughters, Caroline and Helen, in New York City (\"A Million Dreams\" reprise). They live a humble life; though Charity is happy, Barnum craves more. Barnum loses his job as a clerk at a shipping company after the company goes bankrupt. In a daring risk, he takes out a large loan from a bank, deceiving them into accepting his former employer's lost", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "15759162", "text": "North American theatrical release date. The film had its world premiere at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood on February 14, 2013. Disney opened the film in wide release in 3,912 theaters. To promote the film, Disney partnered with the IMAX Corporation and HSN to coordinate a hot air balloon campaign across the United States beginning in California at the Walt Disney Studios lot in Burbank, stopping at four locations; the El Capitan Theatre during the world premiere, the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, the Daytona International Speedway in Florida and Central Park in New York City. Disney also promoted the", "title": "Oz the Great and Powerful" }, { "id": "7720674", "text": "Circus World (film) Circus World (released as The Magnificent Showman in the United Kingdom) is a 1964 drama film starring John Wayne, Claudia Cardinale and Rita Hayworth. It was directed by Henry Hathaway and produced by Samuel Bronston, with a screenplay by Ben Hecht, Julian Zimet (writing under the pseudonym Julian Halevy) and James Edward Grant, from a story by Bernard Gordon and Nicholas Ray. The film won the Golden Globe Award for Best Song for Dimitri Tiomkin and Ned Washington (lyrics), while Rita Hayworth was nominated for the Best Actress award. Matt Masters (John Wayne), a Wild West circus", "title": "Circus World (film)" }, { "id": "2818634", "text": "escaped from a convoy of trucks transporting her from Florida to Memphis International Airport on September 5, 2017. Seven tigers, six lions and one leopard were also part of the convoy to temporarily move the animals out of Florida ahead of Hurricane Irma. In 1952, Paramount Pictures released the Cecil B. DeMille production \"The Greatest Show on Earth\", which traced the traveling show through the setup and breakdown of several performances. The film starred Charlton Heston, Betty Hutton, James Stewart, and Emmett Kelly. The film was awarded two Academy Awards, including one for Best Picture. On August 17, 2011, 20th", "title": "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus" }, { "id": "20415381", "text": "into 2018 (later delayed into 2019) to accommodate Lopez's schedule. The broadcast ultimately competed against ABC's annual presentation of the film \"The Sound of Music\", as well as NBC's \"Sunday Night Football\" between the Dallas Cowboys and Oakland Raiders. During the special, Fox also broadcast a live, 2-and-a-half-minute commercial for \"The Greatest Showman\", a then-upcoming musical film that also featured songs written by Pasek and Paul. The spot, which was directed by Michael Gracey and Beth McCarthy-Miller, and also simulcast on Facebook, featured a performance of the number \"Come Alive\" with the film's stars Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, Keala Settle,", "title": "A Christmas Story Live!" }, { "id": "343895", "text": "reached No. 12 on the Australian albums chart and No. 11 on the New Zealand albums chart. The album is described as the \"definitive version of the [\"Rocky Horror\"] score.\" The film opened in the United Kingdom at Rialto Theater in London 14 August 1975 and in the United States on 26 September at the UA Westwood in Los Angeles, California. It did well at that location, but not elsewhere. Before the midnight screenings' success, the film was withdrawn from its eight opening cities due to very small audiences, and its planned New York City opening on Halloween night was", "title": "The Rocky Horror Picture Show" }, { "id": "18411215", "text": "CLTure called the film, \"An undeniable spectacle with a infectious soundtrack, a movie that dazzles and delights.\" James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave the film a 3/4 score, and said, \"The film has show-stopping well-choreographed numbers with catchy tunes,\" and Calvin Wilson of \"St. Louis Post-Dispatch\" called the film \"highly enjoyable.\" Carl Kozlowski of \"Pasadena Weekly\" gave the film an 'A', calling it \"Groundbreaking & grandly innovative.\" Sean P. Means of \"The Salt Lake Tribune\" gave \"The Greatest Showman\" 3.5/4 stars, stating, \"A strong cast give emotional power to this romanticized, tune-filled biography.\" Manuela Lazic of \"Little White Lies\" gave it", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "2290550", "text": "initial screening at the event, it sold out completely, prompting a second screening later in the event. The film received a limited theatrical release in the United States, opening on April 4, 2003. During its opening weekend, it reached 19th place in the box office chart, bringing in $12,338 per screening. The film's total gross in America was $1,000,045. Its worldwide gross totals $3,007,903. In celebration for the 20th Anniversary of the series in 2018, the film was shown in United States theaters by Funimation Films on August 15, with Japanese audio and English subtitles, and on August 16, with", "title": "Cowboy Bebop: The Movie" }, { "id": "7826317", "text": "Laurence Mark Laurence Mark (born ca. 1949) is an American producer of films such as \"Julie & Julia\", \"Dreamgirls\", \"I, Robot\", \"As Good as It Gets\" and \"Jerry Maguire\". Mark has produced \"Last Vegas\", starring Michael Douglas, Robert De Niro, Morgan Freeman and Kevin Kline, and directed by Jon Turteltaub; \"Flatliners\", starring Ellen Page, Diego Luna, Nina Dobrev and directed by Niels Arden Oplev; and \"Julie & Julia\", starring Meryl Streep and Amy Adams and written and directed by Nora Ephron. Mark produced 2017's \"The Greatest Showman\", starring Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, Michelle Williams, and Rebecca Ferguson, and directed by", "title": "Laurence Mark" }, { "id": "20950929", "text": "\"The Greatest Showman\", was involved in the film along with Skydance Media that was announced on September 5, 2018. On December 6, 2018, during CCXP 2018 it was confirmed that film is no longer in production due to protests of a new president in France. However, the live-action film has been replaced with an untitled Miraculous animated musical film that is currently in production, with the film's release date being changed to 2021. Though, it is unknown if Skydance Media and Lionsgate are still involved in the film after it became animated. Untitled Miraculous animated musical Untitled Miraculous animated musical", "title": "Untitled Miraculous animated musical" }, { "id": "252439", "text": "\"Straight Outta Compton\" (N.W.A), \"The Greatest Showman\" (P. T. Barnum), \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" (Freddie Mercury). Director Damien Chazelle created a musical film called \"La La Land\", starring Ryan Gosling and Emma Stone. It was meant to reintroduce the traditional jazz style of song numbers with influences from the Golden Age of Hollywood and Jacques Demy's French musicals while incorporating a contemporary/modern take on the story and characters with balances in fantasy numbers and grounded reality. It received 14 nominations at the 89th Academy Awards, tying the record for most nominations with \"All About Eve\" (1950) and \"Titanic\" (1997), and won the", "title": "Musical film" }, { "id": "3820681", "text": "(Josephine), Natale (Ned), Francesco (Frank) Junior and Giacomo (James). When Frank and Theresa separated about 1935, he began a new life with Helen Shupe with whom he lived until his death. Lentini died of lung failure in Jacksonville, Florida, on September 21, 1966, at the age of 77. Lentini's photo is featured on the back cover of rock band Alice in Chains' self-titled 1995 album. He is related to strongman/filmmaker Christopher Annino. Jonathan Redavid portrayed him in the 2017 film \"The Greatest Showman\". Frank Lentini Francesco \"Frank\" A. Lentini (May 18, 1889 − September 21, 1966) was an Italian-American showman.", "title": "Frank Lentini" }, { "id": "11778540", "text": "Zac Efron Zachary David Alexander Efron (; born October 18, 1987) is an American actor. He began acting professionally in the early 2000s, and rose to prominence in the late 2000s for his leading role as Troy Bolton in the \"High School Musical\" franchise (2006–2008). During this time, he also starred in the musical film \"Hairspray\" (2007) and the comedy film \"17 Again\" (2009). He has since appeared in the films \"New Year's Eve\" (2011), \"The Lucky One\" (2012), \"The Paperboy\" (2012), \"Neighbors\" (2014), \"Dirty Grandpa\" (2016), \"\" (2016), \"Baywatch\" (2017) and \"The Greatest Showman\" (2017). Efron was born in", "title": "Zac Efron" }, { "id": "4572041", "text": "by the Barnum Festival Society and Mountain Grove Cemetery Association with funds raised by public subscription. The cause of Stratton's extreme shortness is still unknown. X-rays were not discovered until 1895, 12 years after Stratton's death, and the medical techniques of the day were unable to ascertain the pathology underlying his diminutive size. Sam Humphrey portrayed General Tom Thumb in the 2017 musical film, \"The Greatest Showman\". General Tom Thumb Charles Sherwood Stratton (January 4, 1838 – July 15, 1883), better known by his stage name \"General Tom Thumb\", was a dwarf who achieved great fame as a performer under", "title": "General Tom Thumb" }, { "id": "18366452", "text": "2018, screening also at the adjacent El Capitan Theatre and Grauman's Chinese Theatre. It was released in most countries worldwide, including the United States, on April 27, 2018, with a few debuts beginning as early as April 25, and was shown in IMAX and 3D on select screens. In the United States, the film opened in 4,474 theaters, 408 of which were IMAX; this was the widest release for a Disney title ever and the second-widest ever after \"Despicable Me 3\"s 4,529 theaters. Three of AMC Theatres' locations screened the film for 24 hours straight, with 53 of their locations", "title": "Avengers: Infinity War" }, { "id": "1374180", "text": "Maxiums\" were released in 1936 and \"At the Circus\" starring the Marx Brothers and \"You Can't Cheat an Honest Man\" in 1939. Circus films continued to be popular during the Second World War; films from this era included \"The Great Profile\" starring John Barrymore (1940), the animated Disney film \"Dumbo\" (1941), \"Road Show\" (1941), \"The Wagons Roll at Night\" (1941) and \"Captive Wild Woman\" (1943). \"Tromba\", a film about a tiger trainer, was released in 1948. In 1952 Cecil B. de Mille's Oscar-winning film \"The Greatest Show on Earth\" was first shown. Released in 1953 were \"Man on a Tightrope\"", "title": "Circus" }, { "id": "19857093", "text": "Michael Gracey Michael Gracey is an Australian director and visual effects artist. Gracey grew up in Melbourne – in Carlton then Kew – then started working in visual effects and music videos before making his reputation in advertising, gaining a name for with his Christmas commercials in the UK and US. Gracey made his feature directorial debut in 2017 with \"The Greatest Showman\", starring Hugh Jackman as P. T. Barnum. Gracey is also slated to direct an adaptation of manga series \"Naruto\", and an adaptation of the novel \"Daughter of Smoke and Bone\". Gracey worked for 2 years at animation", "title": "Michael Gracey" }, { "id": "7720693", "text": "his movies. Circus World (film) Circus World (released as The Magnificent Showman in the United Kingdom) is a 1964 drama film starring John Wayne, Claudia Cardinale and Rita Hayworth. It was directed by Henry Hathaway and produced by Samuel Bronston, with a screenplay by Ben Hecht, Julian Zimet (writing under the pseudonym Julian Halevy) and James Edward Grant, from a story by Bernard Gordon and Nicholas Ray. The film won the Golden Globe Award for Best Song for Dimitri Tiomkin and Ned Washington (lyrics), while Rita Hayworth was nominated for the Best Actress award. Matt Masters (John Wayne), a Wild", "title": "Circus World (film)" }, { "id": "12952521", "text": "Sexy Money\" was filmed here. The interior shots of the Barnum family home in The Greatest Showman and scenes from the upcoming film The Goldfinch (film) were recorded here in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Notes Sources Further reading James B. Duke House The James B. Duke House is a mansion located at 1 East 78th Street, on the northeast corner at Fifth Avenue, in the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City. The house is one of the great extant mansions from \"Millionaire's Row\". It was built for James Buchanan Duke, who was one of the founding partners of", "title": "James B. Duke House" }, { "id": "3578250", "text": "film named \"The Spirit of Travel\". According to the review-aggregate site Rotten Tomatoes and the box office site Box Office Mojo, Williams' highest-grossing and most acclaimed films include \"The Station Agent\" (2003), \"Brokeback Mountain\" (2005), \"Wendy and Lucy\" (2008), \"Blue Valentine\" (2010), \"Shutter Island\" (2010), \"Meek's Cutoff\" (2010), \"My Week with Marilyn\" (2011), \"Oz the Great and Powerful\" (2013), \"Manchester by the Sea\" (2016), \"Certain Women\" (2016), \"The Greatest Showman\" (2017), and \"Venom\" (2018). Among her stage roles, she has appeared on Broadway in revivals of \"Cabaret\" in 2014 and \"Blackbird\" in 2016. Williams has been nominated for four Academy", "title": "Michelle Williams (actress)" }, { "id": "20470864", "text": "dated March 3, 2018. It later reached a peak position of 46. The song had sold 15,000 copies in the United States as by December 2017. An \"instant grat\" video was premiered on Bradbery's Vevo channel on November 10, 2017, following the song's digital release. It was directed by Keith J. Leman. Bradbery is lit in shades of blue, red and purple throughout the video to convey her bruised spirit. The official music video for the song was directed by Shaun Silva and was premiered May 18, 2018. The video was inspired by a popular film, \"The Greatest Showman\" starring", "title": "Worth It (Danielle Bradbery song)" }, { "id": "9956352", "text": "Pasek and Paul Benj Pasek and Justin Paul, known together as Pasek and Paul, are an American songwriting duo and composing team for musical theater, films, and television. Their works include \"\", \"Dogfight\", \"Edges\", \"Dear Evan Hansen\", and \"James and the Giant Peach\". Their original songs have been featured on NBC's \"Smash\" and in the films \"La La Land\", for which they won both the Golden Globe and Academy Award for Best Original Song for the song \"City of Stars,\" and The Greatest Showman. Their work on original musical \"Dear Evan Hansen\" has received widespread critical acclaim and earned them", "title": "Pasek and Paul" }, { "id": "1843611", "text": "privately and professionally. Details of the later concerts under her own management are scarce, but it is known that under Barnum's management Lind gave 93 concerts in America for which she earned about $350,000, and he netted at least $500,000 ($ and $, as of 2015, respectively). She donated her profits to her chosen charities, including some US charities. The tour is a plot point in the 1980 musical \"Barnum\" and the 2017 film \"The Greatest Showman\", both of which include a fictionalized relationship between Lind and Barnum with \"romantic undertones\". Lind and Goldschmidt returned to Europe together in May", "title": "Jenny Lind" }, { "id": "3462210", "text": "on vinyl, cassette and 8-track through MCA Records. \"Smokey and the Bandit\" was a sleeper hit. The film premiered at Radio City Music Hall in New York City where it performed badly. It then opened in just the South of the United States over the Memorial Day weekend and grossed $2,689,851 in 386 theatres. By the end of June it had played in major Southern markets including Charlotte, Atlanta, Jacksonville, New Orleans, Memphis, Dallas and Oklahoma City grossing $11.9 million. It opened in other Northern states at the end of July. With an original budget of $5.3 million (cut to", "title": "Smokey and the Bandit" }, { "id": "17149054", "text": "Paul Sparks Paul W. Sparks (born October 16, 1971) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as gangster Mickey Doyle in the HBO period drama series \"Boardwalk Empire\", writer Thomas Yates in the Netflix political drama series \"House of Cards\", and attorney David Tellis in the Starz anthology drama series \"The Girlfriend Experience\". Sparks has also starred in the films \"Deception\" (2008), \"Afterschool\" (2008), \"The Missing Person\" (2008), \"Mud\" (2012), \"Parkland\" (2013), \"Stealing Cars\" (2015), \"Thoroughbreds\" (2017), and \"The Greatest Showman\" (2017) . Sparks was born and raised in Lawton, Oklahoma, to Michael \"Mike\" Sparks, a high", "title": "Paul Sparks" }, { "id": "18411218", "text": "as P.T. Barnum, spare no expense in production values, add a score by Oscar and Tony winners Benj Pasek and Justin Paul and still end up with the shrill blast of nothing that is \"The Greatest Showman\"? Ask first-time director Michael Gracey, who cut his teeth on commercials and music videos without ever mastering the crucial knack of building snippets of musical comedy and drama into a satisfying whole.\" Justin Chang of the \"Los Angeles Times\" wrote that the film's failures \"are rooted in something deeper: a dispiriting lack of faith in the audience's intelligence, and a dawning awareness of", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "20254901", "text": "Gayle Rankin Gayle Rankin is a Scottish actress, best known as Sheila the She-Wolf in the TV series \"GLOW\". She also played the role of Queen Victoria in \"The Greatest Showman\". Rankin trained at the Juilliard School in New York City, the first Scot to win a place there. In 2012, Rankin made her acting debut in \"\". In 2017, Rankin began appearing on \"Glow\", as Shelia the She-Wolf. It premiered on June 23, 2017, on Netflix. It was recently renewed for a third season. In 2017, Rankin appeared in \"The Meyerowitz Stories\", directed by Noah Baumbach. The film premiered", "title": "Gayle Rankin" }, { "id": "20254903", "text": "Gayle Rankin Gayle Rankin is a Scottish actress, best known as Sheila the She-Wolf in the TV series \"GLOW\". She also played the role of Queen Victoria in \"The Greatest Showman\". Rankin trained at the Juilliard School in New York City, the first Scot to win a place there. In 2012, Rankin made her acting debut in \"\". In 2017, Rankin began appearing on \"Glow\", as Shelia the She-Wolf. It premiered on June 23, 2017, on Netflix. It was recently renewed for a third season. In 2017, Rankin appeared in \"The Meyerowitz Stories\", directed by Noah Baumbach. The film premiered", "title": "Gayle Rankin" }, { "id": "18411216", "text": "4/5, saying, \"\"The Greatest Showman\" deserves to become a Christmas classic. The film's severe romanticism and ridiculous but affecting enthusiasm make it irresistibly life-affirming.\" Pete Hammond of \"Deadline Hollywood\" gave the film 4 out of 5 stars and called it, \"A fantasia of song and dance, a joyous exercise in pure entertainment that is made for the holiday crowd.\" Conversely, Mick LaSalle of the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" gave the film a negative review, criticizing the songs and characters and saying \"There's idiotic, and there's magnificent, but \"The Greatest Showman\" is that special thing that happens sometimes. It's magnificently idiotic. It's", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18391998", "text": "superhero movie, behind \"Furious 7\", and is Universal's highest-grossing live-action release since \"Jurassic World\" back in June 2015. Like many of its predecessors, \"The Fate of the Furious\" was released in the United States and Canada in the month of April, and like its immediate predecessor, occupied the lucrative Easter week holiday period slot, where it was expected to open with $100–125 million. It received the widest pre-summer release ever, at an estimated 4,304 venues, besting the 4,242 opening theater count of \"\" the previous March. The film made $10.4 million from Thursday night previews from 3,310 theaters, the second-highest", "title": "The Fate of the Furious" }, { "id": "18411201", "text": "by the press (\"Never Enough\" reprise). Barnum returns home to find his circus on fire, caused by a fight between the protesters and the troupe. Carlyle, who had tried to save Wheeler not knowing she had already escaped, is rescued by Barnum amid the chaos but suffers serious injuries. The next day, Barnum gets word that the culprits have been caught. The news of Lind's cancellation and Barnum's public intimacy also reaches New York, resulting in his mansion being foreclosed upon and Charity taking Caroline and Helen to her parents' home. Depressed, Barnum retreats to a local bar, where his", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "8970941", "text": "the rules for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature mandate releases in both locations. The films are almost always released to a wider audience in January or February of the following year. One notable exception is \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\", which premiered in 1975 and is still shown only in limited fashion; it is the longest-running theatrical release in film history. A platform release is a type of limited release in which a film opens in fewer theaters (typically 599 or fewer) than a wide release. If the film receives positive word of mouth, it is gradually expanded", "title": "Limited release" }, { "id": "15691023", "text": "cave was named in her honour, variously described as \"Jenny Lind's Armchair\" or \"Jenny Lind's Table.\" The community of Jenny Lind, California, was likely named after her, although she did not visit the state during the tour. Cottage-style spindled furniture is still named for her, especially Jenny Lind cribs and beds. The tour is a plot point in the 1980 musical \"Barnum\" and the 2017 film \"The Greatest Showman\", both of which include a fictionalized relationship between Lind and Barnum with \"romantic undertones\". Jenny Lind tour of America, 1850–52 The Swedish soprano Jenny Lind, often known as the \"Swedish Nightingale\"", "title": "Jenny Lind tour of America, 1850–52" }, { "id": "18411213", "text": "would have approved the dramatic sleight of hand.\" Steve Persall of \"Tampa Bay Times\" gave the film an 'A', and said, \"\"The Greatest Showman\" is the feel-good movie the holiday season needs,\" while William Bibbiani of IGN gave \"The Greatest Showman\" a score of 7.9/10, and called the film, \"wildly entertaining.\" Britton Peele of \"The Dallas Morning News\" said, \"The story is interesting and the beats are well-acted, but it's the musical numbers that make \"The Greatest Showman\".\" Jackie K Cooper of \"HuffPost\" gave the film a score of 10/10 and wrote, \"You will be overwhelmed by the music and", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "6955602", "text": "pushed back to early 1973. The film premiered at the Radio City Music Hall on February 22, 1973, which was followed with its general release on March 1, 1973, by Paramount Pictures in the United States. It was also released in West Germany on March 30, 1973, as well as August 11 in Sweden, August 25 in Japan, and September 4, 1981, in Australia. The film was first released on VHS in 1979, followed by three more re-releases in 1988, 1993, and 1996. It made its DVD debut in 2001. A second DVD release of the film was released in", "title": "Charlotte's Web (1973 film)" }, { "id": "18411198", "text": "ships as collateral. He uses this loan to buy Barnum's American Museum in downtown Manhattan, an attraction showcasing various wax models. Initially, sales are slow; on the suggestion of his children to showcase something \"alive\", Barnum searches for \"freaks\" to serve as performers for his museum (\"Come Alive\"). This attracts a large audience despite protests and poor reviews, prompting Barnum to rename his venture \"Barnum's Circus.\" Searching for ways to further his reputation amongst the upper class, Barnum meets playwright Phillip Carlyle and convinces him to join his venture (\"The Other Side\"). Carlyle is mesmerized by Anne Wheeler, an African-American", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411212", "text": "scale, and it earned a 70% \"definite recommend\" from PostTrak. Owen Gleiberman of \"Variety\" gave the film a positive review, writing, \"\"The Greatest Showman\" is a concoction, the kind of film where all the pieces click into place, yet at an hour and 45 minutes it flies by, and the link it draws between P.T. Barnum and the spirit of today is more than hype.\" Richard Roeper of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" gave the film 3/4 stars, saying, \"With all that corn and cheese and old-timey sentiment, \"The Greatest Showman\" ends up scoring some very timely social arguments. P.T. Barnum himself", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "18411214", "text": "magic that explode on the screen. The film has a message that should resonate with today's world concerning acceptance and courage.\" Hugh Armitage of \"Digital Spy\" said, \"\"The Greatest Showman\" is a broad and solid crowd-pleaser. An undemanding spectacle for all the family.\" Alan Jones of \"Radio Times\" called it \"A joyously uplifting potpourii of visual resplendence, stylish choreography and solid gold magic, one engineered to approximate the lavish spectacle the movie musical once offered.\" Sheila O'Malley of RogerEbert.com gave it 3.5/4, stating \"\"The Greatest Showman\" is an unabashed piece of pure entertainment punctuated by memorable songs.\" Douglas Davidson of", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "5966261", "text": "the United Kingdom on March 25 in 3D. It opened simultaneously in North America, China and Japan, the world's three largest film markets, as well as additional international territories, with the exception of Poland, where theaters do not open on Good Friday. The film debuted simultaneously across 30,000 screens in nearly every major foreign territory across 61 markets, including China, with domestic open across roughly 4,242 locations of which 3,500 theaters (85%) were in 3D, 390 IMAX screens, 470 PLF locations, 150 D-Box theaters and ten 70 mm prints. The film grossed $166million in the USA & Canada in its", "title": "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice" }, { "id": "8024146", "text": "Festival on the Labor Day weekend, and at the Toronto International Film Festival in mid-September. The film opened to theatres at limited release in Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco on September 8, 1993. It slowly expanded to several hundred theatres by October 1 nationwide, including Salt Lake City, Utah, and St. Petersburg, Florida. It opened in some other cities on October 8, like Austin, Texas. The film earned nearly $33 million in the United States. The soundtrack was released by Hollywood Records on September 28, 1993. It was composed and produced by Rachel Portman, co-orchestrated by Portman", "title": "The Joy Luck Club (film)" }, { "id": "1519554", "text": "February 19, 2013. The film opened in the United States in 1,028 theaters on May 16, 1986. It quickly became a success and was the highest-grossing film of 1986. It would be six months before its theater count dropped below that of its opening week. It was number one on its first weekend with an US$8,193,052 gross, and went on to a total domestic figure of US$176,786,701. Internationally it took in an estimated US$177,030,000 for a worldwide box office total of US$353,816,701. The film sold an estimated 47,650,100 tickets in North America in its initial theatrical run. Upon the film's", "title": "Top Gun" }, { "id": "11785902", "text": "shown at the Toronto International Film Festival, it was picked up for distribution in the United States by Summit Entertainment. In May 2009, it was the Closing Night selection for Maryland Film Festival. The film was released in the United States on June 26, 2009 but received a more widespread theatrical release on July 24, 2009. Since the film was not released in the United States until 2009, it was eligible for the Academy Awards only the following year, where it was nominated for nine Academy Awards. Although the film had not recovered its budget by the time of the", "title": "The Hurt Locker" }, { "id": "15410706", "text": "limited release, opening on April 22, 2011 in New York City, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, Washington D.C., Boston, Philadelphia, San Diego, Phoenix, and Austin, Texas. The film opened the 2011 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival on April 28, 2011. The film received 73% positive reviews from film critic on the review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes, with an average rating of 6.3 out of 10. On Metacritic, the film received a score of 66 out of 100. Stephen Holden called the film \"even more amusing than \"Super Size Me\"\", pointing out that \"more than once the movie shows Mr.", "title": "POM Wonderful Presents: The Greatest Movie Ever Sold" }, { "id": "18411202", "text": "troupe find him and explain that, despite their disappointments, they still consider themselves a family that needs him. An inspired Barnum resolves to start anew and not let ambition overtake his loved ones anymore (\"From Now On\"). Meanwhile, the injured Carlyle wakes in a hospital with Anne by his side. Barnum leaves and finds his wife, and they decide to mend their relationship. Faced with the financial difficulty of rebuilding the circus, the recovering Carlyle steps in, offering to use his earnings from his share of the circus's profits to rebuild it under the condition of becoming a full partner,", "title": "The Greatest Showman" }, { "id": "4556072", "text": "\"internationally recognized and respected name\". DeMille received the award the year his penultimate film, \"The Greatest Show on Earth\", premiered. A year later in 1953, the award was presented to producer Walt Disney. The award has been presented annually since 1952, with exceptions being 1976 and 2008, the latter due to the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike's cancellation of that year's ceremony. The award that year was meant to honor director Steven Spielberg, but due to the cancellation of the ceremony, the award was presented to him the following year. The youngest honoree was actress Judy Garland, at age", "title": "Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award" }, { "id": "13046438", "text": "the United States. It received 11.4 million viewers at its premiere, making it the second-most-viewed Disney Channel Original Movie premiere at that time, after \"High School Musical 2\". It was also cable's No. 1 scripted telecast of 2009 in total viewers. It premiered in the UK and Ireland on October 23, 2009 as part of Wiz-Tober 2009. It was released on DVD on December 15, 2009 as an Extended Edition. The film won the 2010 Primetime Emmy Award for Best Children Program. The Russo family, Alex, Justin, Max, and their parents Jerry and Theresa are preparing for a vacation to", "title": "Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie" }, { "id": "3165394", "text": "£75 and 100 million ($150–200 million). Warner Bros. released the film in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2007 and in North America on 11 July, both in conventional and IMAX theatres; it is the first \"Potter\" film to be released in IMAX 3D. As of July 2018, \"Order of the Phoenix\" is the 47th-highest-grossing film of all time, and a critical and commercial success. The film opened to a worldwide 5-day opening of $333 million, fourteenth all-time, and grossed nearly $940 million total, second to \"\" for the greatest total of 2007. The film was nominated for two BAFTA", "title": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)" }, { "id": "19367340", "text": "star in the road trip drama film \"Boundaries\", along with Vera Farmiga and Christopher Plummer, directed and written by Shana Feste. In January 2017, Abdul-Mateen was cast as the DC Comics villain Black Manta in the film \"Aquaman,\" which started shooting in May in Australia. Yahya Abdul-Mateen II Yahya Abdul-Mateen II (born July 15, 1986) is an American actor, best known for his role Cadillac in the television series \"The Get Down\". He also starred in \"Baywatch\" and \"The Greatest Showman\" (both 2017), and portrays the villain Black Manta in DC's \"Aquaman\" (2018). Abdul-Mateen was born in New Orleans, Louisiana,", "title": "Yahya Abdul-Mateen II" } ]	when was the greatest showman released in theaters
[ "Hans Zimmer", "Benjamin Wallfisch" ]	[ { "id": "20442644", "text": "Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack) Blade Runner 2049: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is a soundtrack album of the music for the 2017 American science fiction film \"Blade Runner 2049\". Released in October 2017, the album contains music by Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch, along with additional tracks by Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra and Lauren Daigle. It also includes the piece \"Tears in the Rain\", which was originally composed and performed (as \"Tears in Rain\") by Vangelis, the composer of the original 1982 soundtrack \"Blade Runner\". \"Blade Runner 2049\" is the sequel to Ridley Scott's 1982 film \"Blade Runner\". Directed by Denis", "title": "Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "13144335", "text": "starring Paddy Considine. In 2014 Green teamed up with director Rupert Wyatt for a third time with Paramount Pictures' \"The Gambler\", starring Mark Wahlberg, John Goodman, Brie Larson and Jessica Lange. Theo Green composed original music for the film. In 2017, Green was the Sound Designer for Denis Villeneuve's film Blade Runner 2049. Theo Green is represented by Fortress Talent Management. In 2018 Theo Green was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound Editing, as Sound Designer for Blade Runner 2049 and a BAFTA for Best Sound, Blade Runner 2049 , and won the MPSE Golden Reel Award Green's", "title": "Theo Green" }, { "id": "5195223", "text": "renamed the \"<nowiki>'Retirement' Edition</nowiki>\", consisting of six discs (five CD-DA and one DVD-ROM). It incorporated the missing tracks from the trilogy release. In 2017, a sequel to \"Blade Runner\" was released, \"Blade Runner 2049\". Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch collaborated on the \"Blade Runner 2049\" score, and the original \"Blade Runner\" soundtrack served as inspiration for their work. The composers included a Yamaha CS-80 analog synthesizer among the instruments in an effort to maintain stylistic continuity with Vangelis's original 1982 film score. Zimmer said of the soundtrack: \"Ridley [Scott] is a hard act to follow – as is Vangelis. While", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20442647", "text": "film \"needed something different, and I needed to go back to something closer to Vangelis's soundtrack\". New composers Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch joined in July 2017. In September, Jóhannsson's agent confirmed that he was no longer involved and that he was contractually forbidden from commenting on the situation. According to Epic Records, Zimmer and Wallfisch sought to continue the legacy of the original \"Blade Runner\" score by incorporating the Yamaha CS-80 synthesizer. Zimmer has said of the soundtrack: \"First of all, I realized that Denis [Villeneuve] is a director who has a vision; he has a voice. Remember, I've", "title": "Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "17402008", "text": "IMAX usually uses with films not shot with IMAX cameras. Rapper-producer El-P said he was asked to compose music for the first \"Blade Runner 2049\" trailer, but his score was \"rejected or ignored\". Jóhann Jóhannsson, who had worked with Villeneuve on \"Prisoners\", \"Sicario\" and \"Arrival\", was initially announced as composer for the film. However, Villeneuve and Jóhann decided to end the collaboration because Villeneuve thought the film \"needed something different\", and also that he \"needed to go back to something closer to Vangelis's soundtrack\". Composers Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch joined the project in July 2017. In September, Jóhann's agent", "title": "Blade Runner 2049" }, { "id": "2749209", "text": "the 89th Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Adapted Screenplay, ultimately winning one award for Best Sound Editing. It was also awarded the Ray Bradbury Award for Outstanding Dramatic Presentation and the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation in 2017. In February 2015, it was announced that Villeneuve would direct \"Blade Runner 2049\", the sequel to Ridley Scott's \"Blade Runner\" (1982). Scott served as the film's executive producer on behalf of Warner Bros. It was released on October 6, 2017 to overwhelming critical acclaim despite middling box office returns. Villeneuve is set to direct the adaptation of", "title": "Denis Villeneuve" }, { "id": "1389421", "text": "main theme for the 2016 BBC nature documentary \"Planet Earth II\", presented by David Attenborough. Zimmer composed the main theme for the 2016 Netflix production \"The Crown\". He also composed the score for Christopher Nolan's 2017 film \"Dunkirk\", basing part of the score on a recording of a ticking watch that he had been given by Nolan. Zimmer also worked on the score for \"Blade Runner 2049\". Hans Zimmer and co-composer Benjamin Wallfisch took over scoring duties after Jóhann Jóhannsson left the project. On 1 November 2017, it was announced that he will return to score the upcoming 2019 CGI", "title": "Hans Zimmer" }, { "id": "20442646", "text": "film score for \"Blade Runner 2049\", and he was commissioned to write a short score for the film's first trailer. Conscious of the legacy of Vangelis's score for the original 1982 film, El-P's composition made use of a Yamaha CS-80 analog synthesizer, an instrument used by Vangelis. However, El-P's music was not used in the end, and he has stated that his score was \"rejected or ignored\". Jóhann Jóhannsson, who had worked with Villeneuve on \"Prisoners\", \"Sicario\", and \"Arrival\", was initially announced as composer for the film. However, Villeneuve and Jóhannsson decided to end the collaboration because Villeneuve felt the", "title": "Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "13659097", "text": "The agreement also allowed Warner Bros. to co-finance certain pictures with Alcon. Alcon and Warner Bros. signed a new agreement in February 2006, continuing their eight-year relationship, under which Warner Bros. would continue to distribute feature films developed and financed by Alcon. In 2014, Alcon partnered with Sleeping Giant Media to form ASG Music Group. ASG is a full service music company and record label. In 2017, ASG released the Blade Runner 2049 soundtrack, produced by Grammy nominated producer Michael Hodges, Kayla Morrison and Ashley Culp, with Epic Records. The Album reached #1 on the \"Billboard\" Soundtrack Sales Charts. Alcon", "title": "Alcon Entertainment" }, { "id": "5195210", "text": "Blade Runner (soundtrack) Blade Runner is a soundtrack composed by Greek electronic composer Vangelis for Ridley Scott's 1982 film \"Blade Runner\". It is mostly a dark, melodic combination of classical composition and synthesizers which mirrors the futuristic film noir envisioned by Scott. The original soundtrack release was delayed for over a decade, until 1994, despite the music being well-received by fans and critically acclaimed—it was nominated in 1983 for a BAFTA and Golden Globe as best original score. The soundtrack is regarded as a historically important piece in the genre of electronic music. Since the premiere of the film, two", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20442648", "text": "done a lot of movies with Ridley Scott. So, it was important that this was an autonomous piece of work. Let's just be honest. Ridley is a hard act to follow—as is Vangelis. While Ben [Wallfisch] was four-years-old, I had actually experienced all of this. We watched and literally, as we stopped watching, we decided on the palette. We decided this wasn't going to be an orchestral thing. The story spoke to us.\" The soundtrack album was released online on October 5, 2017, and a two-disc CD version was released on the Epic Records label in the United States on", "title": "Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "5195224", "text": "Ben [Wallfisch] was four-years-old, I had actually experienced all of this. We watched and literally, as we stopped watching, we decided on the palette. We decided this wasn't going to be an orchestral thing. The story spoke to us.\" The sequel score includes a fairly faithful remake of the original \"Tears in Rain\" (retitled \"Tears in the Rain\"), and borrows many musical cues from the original Vangelis score throughout, including its frequent use of pitch bending. </div> Blade Runner (soundtrack) Blade Runner is a soundtrack composed by Greek electronic composer Vangelis for Ridley Scott's 1982 film \"Blade Runner\". It is", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "45482", "text": "score for \"Chariots of Fire\", composed and performed the music on his synthesizers. He also made use of various chimes and the vocals of collaborator Demis Roussos. Another memorable sound is the haunting tenor sax solo \"Love Theme\" by British saxophonist Dick Morrissey, who performed on many of Vangelis's albums. Ridley Scott also used \"Memories of Green\" from the Vangelis album \"See You Later, \"an orchestral version of which Scott would later use in his film \"Someone to Watch Over Me\". Along with Vangelis' compositions and ambient textures, the film's soundscape also features a track by the Japanese ensemble Nipponia", "title": "Blade Runner" }, { "id": "20328140", "text": "honest. Ridley is a hard act to follow—as is Vangelis. While Ben [Wallfisch] was four-years-old, I had actually experienced all of this. We watched and literally, as we stopped watching, we decided on the palette. We decided this wasn't going to be an orchestral thing. The story spoke to us.\" The \"Blade Runner 2049\" soundtrack was released on October 5, 2017 and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music at the 71st British Academy Film Awards. Before filming of \"Blade Runner\" began, \"Cinefantastique\" magazine commissioned Paul M. Sammon to write an article about \"Blade Runner\"s production. This", "title": "Blade Runner (franchise)" }, { "id": "20005523", "text": "Benjamin Wallfisch Benjamin Mark Lasker Wallfisch (born 7 August 1979) is an English composer, conductor, and pianist. Since the mid-2000s, he has composed and contributed to music for over 60 feature films. His compositions include original scores for \"A Cure For Wellness\", \"Hidden Figures\", \"Lights Out\", \"Desert Dancer\", \"It\", and \"Blade Runner 2049\". In 2017, he was jointly nominated with Pharrell Williams and Hans Zimmer for Best Original Score at the 74th Golden Globe Awards for his work on \"Hidden Figures\". In 2014, Wallfisch was appointed an Associate of the Royal Academy of Music, London. He is also a member", "title": "Benjamin Wallfisch" }, { "id": "17401991", "text": "humans and replicants. Principal photography took place between July and November 2016, mainly in Budapest, Hungary. \"Blade Runner 2049\" premiered in Los Angeles on October 3, 2017 and was released in the United States in 2D, 3D and IMAX on October 6, 2017. The film was praised by critics for its performances, direction, cinematography, musical score, production design, visual effects, and faithfulness to the original film. It is considered by many critics and audiences to be one of the best films of 2017. Despite positive reviews, the film was a box office disappointment, grossing $259 million worldwide. \"Blade Runner 2049\"", "title": "Blade Runner 2049" }, { "id": "17401990", "text": "Blade Runner 2049 Blade Runner 2049 is a 2017 American neo-noir science fiction film directed by Denis Villeneuve and written by Hampton Fancher and Michael Green. A sequel to the 1982 film \"Blade Runner\", the film stars Ryan Gosling and Harrison Ford, with Ana de Armas, Sylvia Hoeks, Robin Wright, Mackenzie Davis, Carla Juri, Lennie James, Dave Bautista, and Jared Leto in supporting roles. Ford and Edward James Olmos reprise their roles from the original film. Set thirty years after the first film, Gosling plays K, a blade runner who uncovers a secret that threatens to instigate a war between", "title": "Blade Runner 2049" }, { "id": "20442645", "text": "Villeneuve, it stars Ryan Gosling and Harrison Ford, Ana de Armas, Sylvia Hoeks and Jared Leto. Set thirty years after the original film, the story depicts a bioengineered human, a replicant blade runner named K, who discovers the remains of a once-pregnant replicant. To prevent a possible war between replicants and humans, K is secretly tasked with finding the child and destroying all evidence related to it. The soundtrack was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music at the 71st British Academy Film Awards. Warner Bros. reportedly considered engaging the rapper and music producer El-P to write the", "title": "Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "19955601", "text": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack) Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film \"Beauty and the Beast\". The album, largely based on material from Disney's 1991 animated version, features songs and instrumental score composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Howard Ashman and three new songs composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Tim Rice. The soundtrack album was released by Walt Disney Records on March 10, 2017. The songs feature vocal performances by the film's ensemble cast including Emma Watson, Dan Stevens, Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor,", "title": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20328138", "text": "Trilogy\", the first disc contains the same tracks as the 1994 official soundtrack release, the second features previously unreleased music from the film, and the third disc is all newly composed music from Vangelis, inspired by, and in the spirit of the film. Jóhann Jóhannsson, who had worked with Villeneuve on \"Prisoners\", \"Sicario\", and \"Arrival\", was initially announced as composer for \"Blade Runner 2049\". However, Villeneuve and Jóhannsson decided to end the collaboration because Villeneuve felt the film \"needed something different, and I needed to go back to something closer to Vangelis's soundtrack\". New composers Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch", "title": "Blade Runner (franchise)" }, { "id": "4641130", "text": "decided that the music needed a change in direction. In describing the artistic process for \"Blade Runner 2049\", Villeneuve stated that \"the movie needed something different, and I needed to go back to something closer to Vangelis. Jóhann and I decided that I will need to go in another direction.\" Villeneuve brought in Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch to complete the project. Jóhann's work on James Marsh's \"The Theory of Everything\" was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score at the 2015 Academy Awards and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score. His final works were", "title": "Jóhann Jóhannsson" }, { "id": "20546110", "text": "Michael Hodges (producer) Michael Hodges is an American singer-songwriter, record producer, composer, executive music producer and music executive best known for his work in music for film and television most notably on \"Blade Runner 2049\" (2017), \"Point Break\" (2015) and \"The Expanse\" (2015–present). He received two Grammy nominations for songwriting and producing \"We Only Have Tonight\" performed by Reik from the film \"No Manches Frida\". In 2017, Hodges was an executive music producer on \"Blade Runner 2049\", produced the \"Blade Runner 2049\" soundtrack and co-wrote and produced the only original song on the album \"Almost Human\" performed by Lauren Daigle.", "title": "Michael Hodges (producer)" }, { "id": "20172790", "text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (soundtrack) Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales—Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the film score album for the 2017 . The music is arranged, composed and written by Geoff Zanelli. The album was released on May 26, 2017 by Walt Disney Records. For the first time in the series since \"\" (2003) (which he co-wrote with Klaus Badelt), Hans Zimmer is not composing the music for the film. Instead, Geoff Zanelli, who worked on all previous four installments in the franchise, is the main composer for the film. Zanelli", "title": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "45483", "text": "– \"Ogi no Mato\" or \"The Folding Fan as a Target\" from the Nonesuch Records release \"Traditional Vocal and Instrumental Music\" – and a track by harpist Gail Laughton from \"Harps of the Ancient Temples\" on Laurel Records. Despite being well received by fans and critically acclaimed and nominated in 1983 for a BAFTA and Golden Globe as best original score, and the promise of a soundtrack album from Polydor Records in the end titles of the film, the release of the official soundtrack recording was delayed for over a decade. There are two official releases of the music from", "title": "Blade Runner" }, { "id": "20328135", "text": "on many of Vangelis's albums. Ridley Scott also used \"Memories of Green\" from the Vangelis album \"See You Later, \"an orchestral version of which Scott would later use in his film \"Someone to Watch Over Me\". Along with Vangelis' compositions and ambient textures, the film's soundscape also features a track by the Japanese ensemble Nipponia – \"Ogi No Mato\" or \"The Folding Fan as a Target\" from the Nonesuch Records release \"Traditional Vocal and Instrumental Music\" – and a track by harpist Gail Laughton from \"Harps of the Ancient Temples\" on Laurel Records. Despite being well received by fans and", "title": "Blade Runner (franchise)" }, { "id": "20862894", "text": "Tomb Raider (soundtrack) Tomb Raider – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the film score to the 2018 film of the same name, based on the 2013 video game of the same name by Crystal Dynamics. The music was composed by Tom Holkenborg and was recorded at AIR Studios in London. The soundtrack was released digitally on 9 March 2018 by Sony Classical Records with the vinyl being released on 24 August 2018. Tom Holkenborg signed on as the film's composer after being removed from Justice League in which Danny Elfman took over. On creating the sound for Tomb Raider, Holkenborg", "title": "Tomb Raider (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "16597415", "text": "that Canadian Director Denis Villeneuve will be directing the sequel, and on February 28, 2015 it was confirmed that Harrison Ford will reprise his role as Rick Deckard, with Ryan Gosling in talks to star in the remake. On May 21, 2015, award-winning Cinematographer Roger Deakins joined the Blade Runner sequel, which is rumored to be named 'Android Dream'. Other cast include Robin Wright, Dave Bautista, Jared Leto, Ana de Armas, Sylvia Hoeks, Carla Juri and Mackenzie Davis. The film will be released on October 6, 2017, and it was recently announced that the official title will be \"Blade Runner", "title": "Thunderbird Entertainment" }, { "id": "16597414", "text": "two started streaming on November 18, and features artists such as Aloe Blacc, Rod Stewart and Jennifer Hudson. Thunderbird Entertainment owns a 50 percent stake in the \"Blade Runner\" franchise and will be an active partner in the new \"Blade Runner\" feature film, with CEO Tim Gamble and Frank Giustra will serve as Executive Producers. It was announced on August 18, 2011 that Ridley Scott has signed on to direct and produce the new installment of \"Blade Runner\" and that the original screenwriter, Hampton Fancher is in talks to pen the untitled sequel. On February 27, 2015 it was announced", "title": "Thunderbird Entertainment" }, { "id": "5195214", "text": "consisting mainly of stills from the film. On page 3 there is a list of credits and the following by Vangelis: While most of the tracks on the album are from the film, a number were composed by Vangelis but were ultimately not used in the film itself. Other compositions that appear in the film were not included on this release. Three of the tracks (\"Main Titles\", \"Blush Response\", and \"Tears in Rain\") feature samples of dialogue from the film. Tracks 1 through 4 are mixed together as a seamless piece; tracks 5 through 7 have silence between them, and", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "444688", "text": "scores for \"Blade Runner\" and \"Chariots of Fire\" for their list of the 25 greatest film scores. Vangelis Evángelos Odysséas Papathanassíou (born 29 March 1943), known professionally as Vangelis (; ), is a Greek composer of electronic, progressive, ambient, jazz, and orchestral music. He is best known for his Academy Award-winning score for the film \"Chariots of Fire\", also composing scores for the films \"Blade Runner\", \"Missing\", \"Antarctica\", \"The Bounty\", \"\", and \"Alexander\", and the use of his music in the PBS documentary \"\" by Carl Sagan. Vangelis began his career working with several popular bands of the 1960s such", "title": "Vangelis" }, { "id": "10013012", "text": "Twitter, Ellison praised Shudder, explaining he found it to be a suitable home for the film's release. On November 2, 2017, Ellison released a music video for a new song of his, \"Post Requisite\", and is \"currently finishing his next studio album on Warp”. He also wrote the soundtrack for the 2017 short film \"Blade Runner Black Out 2022\". Flying Lotus has stated that he is influenced by Madlib, Herbie Hancock, MF DOOM, his great aunt Alice Coltrane, his great uncle John Coltrane, Miles Davis, and J Dilla. He is known for his experimental hip hop, alternative hip hop, and", "title": "Flying Lotus" }, { "id": "6685735", "text": "was released in the summer of 2014 under his artist name \"Madsonik\". The track went on to peak at No. 2 on the iTunes hip-hop singles charts and has sold over 500,000 copies. On October 12, 2016, he was hired to write and compose the musical score for the 2017 action-adventure film \"\". He has also contributed to the soundtrack by his stage name Madsonik in a collaboration with Tom Morello and Kill The Noise entitled \"Divebomb\". On March 2, 2018, he announced on Twitter that he had been hired by Formula One to write a brand new theme that", "title": "Brian Tyler" }, { "id": "20328139", "text": "joined in July 2017. In September, Jóhannsson's agent confirmed that he was no longer involved and that he was contractually forbidden from commenting on the situation. According to Epic Records, Zimmer and Wallfisch sought to continue the legacy of the original \"Blade Runner\" score by incorporating the Yamaha CS-80 synthesizer. Zimmer has said of the soundtrack: \"First of all, I realized that Denis [Villeneuve] is a director who has a vision; he has a voice. Remember, I've done a lot of movies with Ridley Scott. So, it was important that this was an autonomous piece of work. Let's just be", "title": "Blade Runner (franchise)" }, { "id": "343953", "text": "on 2 October 2015. \"The Martian\" was a critical and commercial success, grossed over $630 million worldwide, becoming Scott's highest-grossing film to date. A sequel to \"Prometheus\", \"\", started filming in 2016, premiered in London on 4 May 2017, and received general release on 19 May 2017. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, with many praising Michael Fassbender's dual performance and calling the film a return to form for both director Ridley Scott and the franchise. In August 2011, information leaked about production of a sequel to \"Blade Runner\" by Alcon Entertainment, with Alcon partners Broderick Johnson and", "title": "Ridley Scott" }, { "id": "18406643", "text": "again in early 2017. In October 2016, Daigle released her first Christmas album, \"Behold: A Christmas Collection\", and reached No. 29 on the \"Billboard\" 200. In 2017, she was featured in the song \"Hard Love\" by Needtobreathe for \"The Shack\". Daigle co-wrote and performed \"Almost Human\", the only original song, on the \"Blade Runner 2049\" soundtrack. The album, produced by Michael Hodges, Kayla Morrison and Ashley Culp, reached No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" Soundtrack Sales Charts. Lauren Daigle Lauren Ashley Daigle (born September 9, 1991) is an American contemporary Christian music singer and songwriter from Lafayette, Louisiana. Daigle is signed", "title": "Lauren Daigle" }, { "id": "19700177", "text": "but after they were \"heavily affected\" digitally. Robert Lydecker replaced Morris as composer for the second season. In February 2017, Paesano was announced as returning to compose for the miniseries \"The Defenders\". At the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con, Loeb announced Sean Callery as the composer for \"Inhumans\". In April 2017, Tyler Bates was announced as the composer for \"The Punisher\". In May 2017, Siddhartha Khosla was hired to compose the music for \"Runaways\". Mark Isham announced in May 2017 that he would compose the music for \"Cloak & Dagger\". After Marvel Entertainment was bought by the Walt Disney Company and", "title": "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe" }, { "id": "5195212", "text": "made in 2007 includes a disc of new music inspired by the film. \"Memories of Green\" originally featured on Vangelis' 1980 album, \"See You Later\". The first official release (on LP, tape and CD) was a reinterpretation by the New American Orchestra in 1982. Billed as an \"orchestral adaptation of music composed for the motion picture by Vangelis\", this release consisted of jazz-inspired, orchestrated renditions of the major tracks from the film, but not the original score tracks. In 1989, Vangelis released \"Themes\", a compilation album featuring unreleased music from several of his film scores, as well as material from", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "19042796", "text": "be digitally inked & painted. Character designer James Woods and animator James Baxter also helped redesign the penguins from the first film. All of the hand-drawn animation was created by Duncan's animation studio, Duncan Studio, in Pasadena, California. The music and score for the film was composed by Marc Shaiman, with song lyrics written by Scott Wittman and Shaiman. The complete soundtrack album was released by Walt Disney Records on December 7, 2018. The film was originally scheduled to be released on December 25, 2018. However, in July 2018, it was moved up to December 19, 2018. On March 4,", "title": "Mary Poppins Returns" }, { "id": "444646", "text": "Vangelis Evángelos Odysséas Papathanassíou (born 29 March 1943), known professionally as Vangelis (; ), is a Greek composer of electronic, progressive, ambient, jazz, and orchestral music. He is best known for his Academy Award-winning score for the film \"Chariots of Fire\", also composing scores for the films \"Blade Runner\", \"Missing\", \"Antarctica\", \"The Bounty\", \"\", and \"Alexander\", and the use of his music in the PBS documentary \"\" by Carl Sagan. Vangelis began his career working with several popular bands of the 1960s such as the Forminx and Aphrodite's Child, with the latter's album \"666\" going on to be recognized as", "title": "Vangelis" }, { "id": "17402009", "text": "confirmed that he was no longer involved and was contractually forbidden from commenting. The musical cue during the final scene is a call back to the \"Time to die\" scene from \"Blade Runner\", a reference to the death of Roy Batty. \"Blade Runner 2049\" premiered on October 3, 2017 at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles, although following the 2017 Las Vegas Strip shooting, the red carpet events were cancelled prior to the screening. It was the opening feature at the Festival du nouveau cinéma in Montreal the following day. It also was premiered in Switzerland at the Zurich Film", "title": "Blade Runner 2049" }, { "id": "1360435", "text": "by Kobe Bryant. Williams wrote the music for \"\", the eighth episode of the saga, released on December 15, 2017, and is presumed to be working on \"Star Wars Episode IX\". Also in 2017, he composed the score for Steven Spielberg's drama film \"The Post\". Williams contributed \"The Adventures of Han\" for the 2018 standalone \"Star Wars\" film \"\" while John Powell wrote the film's original score. Williams is also currently attached to score the fifth Indiana Jones film. A three-disc box set compilation of all of Williams' musical scores for Steven Spielberg's films, titled \"John Williams & Steven Spielberg:", "title": "John Williams" }, { "id": "19955602", "text": "Stanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Nathan Mack, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson. The album debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard 200 chart with 57,000 units, 48,000 of which are traditional album sales. It has sold 337,000 copies in the United States as of July 2017. Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack) Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film \"Beauty and the Beast\". The album, largely based on material from Disney's 1991 animated version, features songs and instrumental score composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Howard Ashman and three", "title": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20328134", "text": "or events of the 1982 film. On February 7, 2010, it was announced that production on \"Purefold\" had ceased, due to funding problems. The \"Blade Runner\" soundtrack by Vangelis is a dark melodic combination of classic composition and futuristic synthesizers which mirrors the film-noir retro-future envisioned by Ridley Scott. Vangelis, fresh from his Academy Award-winning score for \"Chariots of Fire\", composed and performed the music on his synthesizers. He also made use of various chimes and the vocals of collaborator Demis Roussos. Another memorable sound is the haunting tenor sax solo \"Love Theme\" by British saxophonist Dick Morrissey, who performed", "title": "Blade Runner (franchise)" }, { "id": "20482719", "text": "playback singers such as Armaan Malik, Rahat Fateh Ali Khan, Sunidhi Chauhan and Monali Thakur. Background score of the film is composed by Shantanu Moitra who also provided music for three tracks on the film's soundtrack album. It was released on 28 March 2018 by Zee Music Company and generally received positive response from the critics. The album consists of five tracks whose lyrics are penned by Abhiruchi Chand, Tanveer Ghazi and Swanand Kirkire. Lyrics for first track are written by Abhiruchi Chand, second and third by Tanveer Ghazi and fourth by Swanand Kirkire. As of 10 May 2018, \"October\"", "title": "October (2018 film)" }, { "id": "13144333", "text": "Theo Green Theo Green is an award-winning film composer and sound designer, known for his music for \"The Gambler\", \"House at the End of the Street\", and his Academy Award nominated sound design for Blade Runner 2049. Green was in the New College Choir as a chorister of New College School in Oxford and later studied at Abingdon School and the Courtauld Institute of Art, London. 2008's BAFTA and BIFA-winning \"The Escapist\" was Green's first feature, as sound designer and additional composer, having collaborated with director Rupert Wyatt previously on the short film, \"Get The Picture\". In 2009 Theo Green", "title": "Theo Green" }, { "id": "18125750", "text": "e\" under conductor André de Ridder. Additional licensed music includes \"Become Ocean\", the Pulitzer Prize and Grammy Award-winning work of John Luther Adams as recorded by the Seattle Symphony with conductor Ludovic Morlot and an excerpt of \"Jetsun Mila\" from French musician and composer Eliane Radigue. A soundtrack album was released digitally on December 25, 2015, and on CD on January 8, 2016. Milan Records will release a vinyl pressing of the soundtrack in April 2016. The score by Sakamoto and Noto was ruled ineligible for the Academy Award for Best Original Score at the 2016 Oscars as it was", "title": "The Revenant (2015 film)" }, { "id": "20079547", "text": "Nutcracker Suite\" from 1892 by James Newton Howard, updating the original and adding new tracks as well. For the recording, Gustavo Dudamel conducted the London Philharmonia Orchestra, while Lang Lang was the piano soloist. Andrea Bocelli and his son Matteo contributed the original duet \"Fall on Me\" for the film, which premiered on \"Dancing with the Stars\"<nowiki>'</nowiki> \"Disney Night\" on October 22, 2018. The soundtrack was released on October 26, 2018. \"The Nutcracker and the Four Realms\" was released on November 2, 2018 in 2D and Real D 3D by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, replacing the original date set", "title": "The Nutcracker and the Four Realms" }, { "id": "20084381", "text": "Days in the Sun \"Days in the Sun\" is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical fantasy film \"Beauty and the Beast\" (2017), a live-action adaptation of Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name. Rice and Menken developed the concept in 2007 during the first discussions about a remake. Performed by Adam Mitchell, Stanley Tucci, Ewan McGregor, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ian McKellen, Emma Thompson, Emma Watson, Audra McDonald, and Clive Rowe, \"Days in the Sun\" is one of four songs added to the 2017 film. It was released on March 10, 2017, as", "title": "Days in the Sun" }, { "id": "20172793", "text": "introduce a whole new horde of fans to this sound and universe.\" Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (soundtrack) Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales—Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the film score album for the 2017 . The music is arranged, composed and written by Geoff Zanelli. The album was released on May 26, 2017 by Walt Disney Records. For the first time in the series since \"\" (2003) (which he co-wrote with Klaus Badelt), Hans Zimmer is not composing the music for the film. Instead, Geoff Zanelli, who worked on all previous four", "title": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20328136", "text": "critically acclaimed and nominated in 1983 for a BAFTA and Golden Globe for Best Original Score, and the promise of a soundtrack album from Polydor Records in the end titles of the film, the release of the official soundtrack recording was delayed for over a decade. There are two official releases of the music from \"Blade Runner\". In light of the lack of a release of an album, the New American Orchestra recorded an orchestral adaptation in 1982 which bore little resemblance to the original. Some of the film tracks would, in 1989, surface on the compilation \"Vangelis: Themes\", but", "title": "Blade Runner (franchise)" }, { "id": "18293479", "text": "of films announced after Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm in October 2012. It was produced by Lucasfilm President Kathleen Kennedy and Ram Bergman, with \"Force Awakens\" director J. J. Abrams as an executive producer. John Williams, composer for the previous films, returned to compose the score. A number of scenes were filmed at Skellig Michael in Ireland during pre-production in September 2015, but principal photography began at Pinewood Studios in the United Kingdom in February 2016, and ended in July 2016. Post-production wrapped in September 2017. \"The Last Jedi\" had its world premiere in Los Angeles on December 9, 2017, and", "title": "Star Wars: The Last Jedi" }, { "id": "16053933", "text": "Annual Grammy Awards. Anderson-Lopez and her husband will be writing the music for the sequel, \"Frozen 2\". Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez again collaborated in writing songs and lyrics for the 2017 Pixar film \"Coco\", for which she won for an Annie Award for Music in a Feature Production. She also won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for the song \"Remember Me\" at the 90th Academy Awards. Kristen Anderson-Lopez Kristen Anderson-Lopez (born March 21, 1972) is an American songwriter. She is best known for co-writing the songs for the 2013 animated film \"Frozen\" with her husband Robert Lopez.", "title": "Kristen Anderson-Lopez" }, { "id": "19922917", "text": "refused the offer, but accepted after months of requests from Guadagnino. Much of the score was completed prior to the film shoot, which afforded Guadagnino the opportunity to play the musical score on set during filming. Yorke cited inspiration from the 1982 \"Blade Runner\" soundtrack, musique concrète artists such as Pierre Henry, modern electronic artists such as James Holden, and music from the film's 1977 Berlin setting, such as krautrock. He said: \"There's a way of repeating in music that can hypnotise. I kept thinking to myself that it's a form of making spells. So when I was working in", "title": "Suspiria (2018 film)" }, { "id": "5195218", "text": "the rest of the film. Other synthesisers employed by Vangelis included four Roland instruments: the ProMars, the Jupiter-4, the CR-5000 drum machine, and the VP-330 Vocoder Plus; a Sequential Circuits Prophet-10; a Yamaha GS1 FM synthesizer; and an E-mu Emulator sampler. A Steinway grand piano, a Yamaha CP-80 electric grand and a modified Fender Rhodes were also used. He also utilised a variety of traditional instruments, including, gamelan, glockenspiel, gong, snare drum, timpani and tubular bells. The delays and poor reproductions of the \"Blade Runner\" score led to the production of many bootleg recordings over the years. A bootleg tape", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20875398", "text": "was approached to score the 1999 film \"Fight Club\", but declined as he was recovering from the stress of promoting Radiohead's album \"OK Computer\". Yorke initially refused the \"Suspiria\" offer, but accepted after months of requests from the director, Luca Guadagnino. Yorke decided it would be pointless to replicate or reference the soundtrack of the original \"Suspiria\" by Goblin. Instead, he cited inspiration from the 1982 \"Blade Runner\" soundtrack, musique concrète artists such as Pierre Henry, modern electronic artists such as James Holden, and music from the film's 1977 Berlin setting, including krautrock acts such as Faust and Can. The", "title": "Suspiria (2018 soundtrack)" }, { "id": "3095124", "text": "Spider-Man trilogy \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\". He was the primary composer for the 2015 film \"\" and the 2016 film \"Deadpool\", and was co-composer for the film \"\", along with Zimmer. Holkenborg's theme music for \"Wonder Woman\" was used in the film of the same name. Zimmer was replaced by Junkie XL to write and compose the music for \"Justice League\" releasing in 2017. Holkenborg was later replaced by Danny Elfman, brought up by Joss Whedon. On 8 December 2017 Holkenborg was revealed to be composing the score for the 2018 film \"\", based on the manga \"Battle Angel Alita\"", "title": "Junkie XL" }, { "id": "20969728", "text": "artist ScHoolboy, 2 Chainz and Eearz, shortly after a new trailer for the film was released. A second single, \"The Mantra\", is a collaboration with Pharrell and Kendrick Lamar and was released on November 14, 2018. On November 6, 2018 via Instagram, Mike Will announced the album listening party hosted by him. In a statement about the soundtrack, Mike Will said: Notes Creed II: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album for the 2018 film \"Creed II\", composed by Ludwig Göransson. It was released on November 16, 2018 through Sony Classical Records. Creed II (soundtrack) The 2018 American sports", "title": "Creed II (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "18391994", "text": "installment. Filming also took place in Atlanta and New York City. Brian Tyler, who scored the third, fourth, fifth, and seventh installments, was tapped to compose the film score for the eighth picture. A soundtrack album by Atlantic Records was released on April 14, 2017, coinciding with the film's US theatrical release. The film's score album was released on April 27, by Back Lot Music. \"The Fate of the Furious\" had its world premiere in Berlin on April 4, 2017. The film was theatrically released in the United States on April 14, 2017, playing in 3D, IMAX 3D, and 4DX", "title": "The Fate of the Furious" }, { "id": "18366435", "text": "to score both \"Infinity War\" and \"Endgame\". Silvestri started to record his score in January 2018, and concluded in late March. Silvestri felt working on the film \"was a really different experience than anything I'd done before, especially in regard to the approach and balancing quick shifts in tone\". Ludwig Göransson's theme from \"Black Panther\" is also used in the film. Hollywood Records and Marvel Music released the soundtrack album digitally on April 27, 2018, with a release on physical formats following on May 18. Two versions were released, a regular and deluxe edition, with the deluxe edition featuring some", "title": "Avengers: Infinity War" }, { "id": "19273469", "text": "Crow, Joe Cocker, Eric Clapton, Jewel, Butthole Surfers, Green Day (including their Grammy Record of the Year \"Boulevard of Broken Dreams\"), among others. Additionally, Image Recording mixed the music for many hit Hollywood movies including \"Lethal Weapon\" and \"The Hunt for Red October\". Among other engineering projects at Image Recording, Maslin worked on tracks for Jennifer Warren and Leonard Cohen, as well as Michael Jackson’s album \"HIStory\". Because of his broad range of knowledge and experience, Maslin has also served as a consultant for studio builders, equipment manufacturers, engineers, producers, A&R personnel and music supervisors. In 2005, Image Recording closed.", "title": "Harry Maslin" }, { "id": "45446", "text": "games, anime, and television series. It brought the work of Philip K. Dick to the attention of Hollywood, and several later big-budget films were based on his work. In the year after its release, \"Blade Runner\" won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation, and in 1993 it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\". A sequel, \"Blade Runner 2049\", was released in October 2017. Seven versions of \"Blade Runner\" exist as a result of controversial changes made at the request of studio executives. A", "title": "Blade Runner" }, { "id": "11269533", "text": "Simons, Frank Stallone, Fourever1, Marvin Gaye III, Ava Gold, Fanita James, JJ Totah, Robert Eibach, Christina Gaudet, and Florence LaRue. \"El Viaje\", Longoria's international instrumental album, was officially released on May 15, 2017. In October 2017 American rock band Smash Mouth released their 20th Anniversary of their hit \"Walkin' on the Sun\" with the Robert Eibach remix featuring Longoria's trumpet solo. The single peaked at No. 5 on the \"Billboard\" Club Play chart. Longoria composed and performed the theme song for the movie \"Bloodline: Now Or Never\" called \"Now Or Never\" featuring April Diamond. The music was co-written and produced", "title": "David Longoria" }, { "id": "3572049", "text": "their repartee just seems to tumble out, perfectly formed.\" It emerged as one of his most commercially successful films, with earnings of over $440 million against its $30 million budget. Gosling was signed on to work with Terrence Malick in 2004 on the biographical film \"Che\", but later dropped out. He went on to film an appearance in Malick's \"Song to Song\" (2017), which co-starred Christian Bale and Cate Blanchett. Also in 2017, he starred in \"Blade Runner 2049\", a sequel to the 1982 science fiction film \"Blade Runner\", directed by Denis Villeneuve and co-starring Harrison Ford, who reprised his", "title": "Ryan Gosling" }, { "id": "16896849", "text": "which was released in June. \"USAToday\" described it as \"the best pop album of 2017 so far\". \"Rolling Stone\"s praises Jack's production specifically, noting that he uses \"empty space to spectacular effect, [as] the arrangements veer from stark clarity to delirium.\" Antonoff co-wrote and produced Swift's #1 single \"Look What You Made Me Do\", which was released on August 25, 2017. He also was a key contributor to her \"Reputation\" album. He also contributed to Pink's Beautiful Trauma and produced St. Vincent's Masseduction album In 2018, Antonoff produced the soundtrack for the 20th Century Fox romantic comedy-drama film \"Love, Simon\".", "title": "Jack Antonoff" }, { "id": "6685728", "text": "Brian Tyler Brian Tyler (born May 8, 1972) is an American composer, multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, conductor, arranger, DJ and producer. Tyler scored \"Iron Man 3\", \"\" with Danny Elfman, \"Now You See Me\", \"Patriots Day\", and \"\"Crazy Rich Asians\"\", among others. He also composed the current fanfare of the Universal Pictures logo (adapted from Jerry Goldsmith's), the updated Marvel Studios logo, which debuted with \"\" (2013), as well as the \"NFL Theme\" for ESPN, and five installments of \"The Fast and the Furious\" franchise. In 2018 Tyler also composed the main theme music for Formula One. He is also the composer", "title": "Brian Tyler" }, { "id": "20482718", "text": "doesn't think writing to be important. For them, it's more “the actor, then the director, how you shoot the film and how expensive.” Initially, the film was scheduled to release on 1 June 2018. But in October 2017, Dhawan, in one of his tweets, revealed that the release date has been preponed. The film was released on 13 April 2018 across 2308 screens worldwide. Background score of the film is composed by Shantanu Moitra who also provided music for three tracks on the film's soundtrack album. The soundtrack is composed by Shantanu Moitra, Abhishek Arora and Anupam Roy, and features", "title": "October (2018 film)" }, { "id": "20748268", "text": "October (soundtrack) October is the soundtrack album to the 2018 Bollywood film of the same name, directed by Shoojit Sircar. The album is composed by Shantanu Moitra, Abhishek Arora, and Anupam Roy, and features playback singers Armaan Malik, Rahat Fateh Ali Khan, Sunidhi Chauhan and Monali Thakur. It was released on 28 March 2018 by Zee Music Company and in general, the album received positive response from the critics. The album consists of five tracks whose lyrics are penned by Abhiruchi Chand, Tanveer Ghazi, and Swanand Kirkire. Shantanu Moitra began composing the score in April 2017 after hearing the film's", "title": "October (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "18343009", "text": "crew treated to a traditional Māori powhiri and karakia. Filming wrapped in New Zealand's South Island after two weeks, and DuVernay declared the cast and crew's love for New Zealand in an Instagram post. On September 28, 2017, Ramin Djawadi was announced as the composer for the film, replacing Jonny Greenwood, who was initially chosen to compose, and scored the film. On February 20, 2018, it was announced that the soundtrack would feature appearances from Sade, Sia, Kehlani, Chloe x Halle, Freestyle Fellowship, DJ Khaled, and Demi Lovato. The film was released in the United States on March 9, 2018.", "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)" }, { "id": "2652606", "text": "all on-set filming occurred, in what was formerly the Redken Shampoo factory in Canoga Park. The effects for the film were done by Flat Earth Productions. A soundtrack containing hip hop music was released on August 25, 1998 by TVT Records and Epic Records. It peaked at #36 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and #28 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. The British techno band The Prodigy were approached to do the soundtrack and score to the film but had to turn down the offer due to other commitments. The first cut of the film was 140 minutes long and it had", "title": "Blade (film)" }, { "id": "19571609", "text": "the sequel will feature the original cast and will be again directed by Lamba and produced by Excel Entertainment. Filming began in August 2016 in Delhi . The music of the film is composed by Sharib-Toshi, Sumeet Bellary, Prem-Hardeep, Jasleen Royal, Gulraj Singh, Shree D and Ishq Bector while the lyrics have been penned by Kumaar, Satya Khare, Aditya Sharma, Shree D, Mrighdeep Singh Lamba, Vipul Vig and Raftaar. The first track of the film titled as \"Mehbooba\" which is sung by Neha Kakkar, Yasser Desai, Mohammed Rafi and rapped by Raftaar was released on 15 November 2017. The soundtrack", "title": "Fukrey Returns" }, { "id": "6868582", "text": "Gustavo Santaolalla Gustavo Alfredo Santaolalla (born 19 August 1951) is an Argentine musician, film composer and producer. He has won Academy Awards for Best Original Score in two consecutive years, for \"Brokeback Mountain\" in 2005, and \"Babel\" in 2006. More recently, he composed the original score for the video game \"The Last of Us\", and the theme music for the Netflix series \"Making a Murderer\". Santaolalla was born in El Palomar, Argentina, and grew up during the military junta and period later known as the Dirty War. His professional music career began in 1967, when he co-founded the group Arco", "title": "Gustavo Santaolalla" }, { "id": "20084394", "text": "as \"uninspired and hard to recall after the fact\". Days in the Sun \"Days in the Sun\" is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical fantasy film \"Beauty and the Beast\" (2017), a live-action adaptation of Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name. Rice and Menken developed the concept in 2007 during the first discussions about a remake. Performed by Adam Mitchell, Stanley Tucci, Ewan McGregor, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ian McKellen, Emma Thompson, Emma Watson, Audra McDonald, and Clive Rowe, \"Days in the Sun\" is one of four songs added to the 2017", "title": "Days in the Sun" }, { "id": "20969726", "text": "Creed II (soundtrack) The 2018 American sports drama film \"Creed II\", a sequel to \"Creed\" (2015) and the eighth installment in the \"Rocky\" film series, was accompanied by two soundtrack albums. Creed II: The Album, featuring original songs produced by Mike Will Made-It, and Creed II: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, featuring an original score composed by Ludwig Göransson, were both released on November 16, 2018. In March 2018, it was announced that Swedish composer Ludwig Göransson would score \"Creed II\"; the movie marks the first feature-length film collaboration between Göransson and director Steven Caple Jr.. In October it was reported", "title": "Creed II (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "18363830", "text": "during \"a dark, twisted moment\" in the film, the time when a resurrected Superman fights the Justice League. The film features a cover of Leonard Cohen's \"Everybody Knows\" performed by Sigrid, \"Icky Thump\" performed by the White Stripes, and a cover of the Beatles' \"Come Together\" performed by Gary Clark Jr. and Junkie XL. WaterTower Music released the soundtrack album digitally on November 10, 2017, with a release of the physical format on December 8. The film held its world premiere in Beijing on October 26, 2017, and was theatrically released in North America and elsewhere around the world in", "title": "Justice League (film)" }, { "id": "343954", "text": "Andrew Kosove. Scott informed the \"Variety\" publication in November 2014 that he was no longer the director for the film and would only fulfill a producer's role. Scott also revealed that filming would begin sometime within 2015, and that Harrison Ford has signed on to reprise his role from the original film but his character should only appear in \"the third act\" of the sequel. On 26 February 2015, the sequel was officially confirmed, with Denis Villeneuve hired to direct the film, and Scott being an executive producer. The sequel, \"Blade Runner 2049\", was released on 6 October 2017. From", "title": "Ridley Scott" }, { "id": "5195220", "text": "itself. Finally \"2019\" provided a single-disc compilation almost wholly consisting of ambient sound from the film, padded out with some sounds from the Westwood game \"Blade Runner\". The first release of the \"Blade Runner\" score in any form was a tape suspected of coming from a sound engineer during the film's mixing. It was popular, despite subpar audio quality, given there were no plans to release a Vangelis score. A second bootleg \"Original Motion Picture Soundtrack: Blade Runner\" appeared in 1993 by \"Off World Music, Ltd.\" on CD, which was of high quality and actually more comprehensive than the official", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20118087", "text": "would have suited the \"feel\" of the band. Hollywood Records released the film's soundtrack digitally on October 20, 2017, and was released physically on November 10, 2017. All music composed by Mark Mothersbaugh. Additional music featured in the film include \"Immigrant Song\" by Led Zeppelin and \"Main Title\" (\"Golden Ticket\"/\"Pure Imagination\") by Walter Scharf from the film \"Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory\". Thor: Ragnarok (soundtrack) Thor: Ragnarok (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score to the Marvel Studios film \"\" composed by Mark Mothersbaugh. Hollywood Records released the album digitally on October 20, 2017, with a physical release", "title": "Thor: Ragnarok (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "444648", "text": "top of the American \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and was used as the background music at the London 2012 Olympics winners' medal presentation ceremonies. Vangelis also received acclaim for his synthesizer-based soundtrack for the 1982 film \"Blade Runner\". Having had a career in music spanning over 50 years and having composed and performed more than 50 albums, Vangelis is considered to be one of the most important figures in the history of electronic music. Vangelis was born 29 March 1943, in Agria, near Volos, Greece. Largely a self-taught musician, he reportedly began composing at the age of three. His earliest", "title": "Vangelis" }, { "id": "5195211", "text": "official albums have been released containing music omitted from the film and also new compositions featuring a similar style. An orchestral rendition of part of the soundtrack was released in 1982 by the New American Orchestra. However, the original soundtrack album (1994) features vocal contributions from Demis Roussos (Vangelis's former bandmate in Aphrodite's Child) and the sax solo by Dick Morrissey on \"Love Theme\" (In the credits on page 3 of the 1994 Atlantic CD, Dick's last name is misspelled as \"Morrisey\"). The track \"Memories of Green\" from Vangelis' 1980 album \"See You Later\" was also included. A new release", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "5195216", "text": "of being mixed together seamlessly as was the case with all but three tracks in the 1994 version. Although this release claims to be the \"complete\" score, there is still some music heard in the film that is missing (in sequential order): The second disc, of previously unreleased music, contains additional music not present in the film, including two bonus tracks. One of these, \"Desolation Path\", is a slightly different version of \"Alternate Love Theme/I Dreamt Music\". This track was originally used in the workprint version of the film, during the Deckard/Rachel love scene. Vangelis recorded, mixed and produced the", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "19488623", "text": "you exit the theatre with is Kangana's effortless performance.\" The music of the film have been composed by Sachin-Jigar while the lyrics have been penned by Priya Saraiya and Vayu. The first song titled as \"Lagdi Hai Thaai\" which is sung by Guru Randhawa and Jonita Gandhi was released on 11 August 2017. The second single to be released was \"Pinjra Tod Ke\" voiced by Sunidhi Chauhan was released on 18 August 2017. The soundtrack consists of 8 songs and was released by T-Series on 25 August 2017. The film opened to lukewarm response from the audience, with occupancy being", "title": "Simran (film)" }, { "id": "19582579", "text": "a 15 certificate from the British Board of Film Classification. For the soundtrack, the 1868 Piano Concerto by Edvard Grieg was used. James Newton Howard wrote the score, recorded in October 2017, citing Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's \"Requiem\" and Igor Stravinsky's \"The Firebird\" as influences. He commenced work before seeing a cut of the film. The film was originally scheduled to be released by 20th Century Fox on November 10, 2017, but in April 2017 it was announced that the film's release would be pushed back to March 2, 2018, because it was seen as a less competitive one. The studio's", "title": "Red Sparrow" }, { "id": "5195217", "text": "score for \"Blade Runner\" in his own recording space, Nemo Studios, in 1982. He utilised many contemporary electronic instruments in order to create the atmospheric soundscapes, which he crafted on an ad-hoc basis. This was done by viewing videotapes of scenes from the film in the studio, and then improvising pieces in synchronisation with the images on the screen. He also applied the use of some foley techniques, using the synthesisers to produce diegetic and non-diegetic sounds. The most prominent synthesiser used in the score was the Yamaha CS-80, which can be heard in the opening scenes, and subsequently throughout", "title": "Blade Runner (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "13144336", "text": "score for \"House at the End of the Street\" was awarded the ASCAP PRS Film Award in 2013. Theo Green Theo Green is an award-winning film composer and sound designer, known for his music for \"The Gambler\", \"House at the End of the Street\", and his Academy Award nominated sound design for Blade Runner 2049. Green was in the New College Choir as a chorister of New College School in Oxford and later studied at Abingdon School and the Courtauld Institute of Art, London. 2008's BAFTA and BIFA-winning \"The Escapist\" was Green's first feature, as sound designer and additional composer,", "title": "Theo Green" }, { "id": "8347997", "text": "Witch Hunter\". He also composed the soundtrack for \"\", the sequel to \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\", and the 2016 Peter Berg film \"Deepwater Horizon\", starring Mark Wahlberg and Kurt Russell. Steve Jablonsky Steve Jablonsky (born October 9, 1970) is an American composer for film, television and video games, best known for his musical scores in the \"Transformers\" film series. Some of his frequent collaboration partners include film directors Michael Bay and Peter Berg, and fellow composer Hans Zimmer. Jablonsky went to the University of California, Berkeley for college. He studied computer science at the beginning, but switched to music composition", "title": "Steve Jablonsky" }, { "id": "19536749", "text": "synthesised drums and traditional orchestra. The soundtrack was digitally released on July 13, 2018 by Milan Records with the physical soundtrack being released later on August 3, 2018.. British singer and songwriter Jamie N Commons performed the song Walls which plays in the end credits of the film. The visual effects were done by Moving Picture Company, Method Studios, Image Engine and Industrial Light and Magic. Universal released the first official trailer in February 2018 and the second trailer on May 23, 2018. Promo posters in the form of \"The Towering Inferno\" (1974) and \"Die Hard\" (1988) were created, referencing", "title": "Skyscraper (2018 film)" }, { "id": "20456197", "text": "2018, as the week's highest ranking debut. It became the greatest gainer in the following week, climbing to number 19. It peaked at number 14 on February 3, 2018. Call Me by Your Name: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Call Me by Your Name: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 2017 romantic drama film, \"Call Me by Your Name\". It features songs by The Psychedelic Furs, Franco Battiato, Loredana Bertè, Bandolero, Giorgio Moroder, Joe Esposito, and F. R. David, with compositions by John Adams, Erik Satie, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Johann Sebastian Bach, and Maurice Ravel. American singer-songwriter Sufjan Stevens", "title": "Call Me by Your Name: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" }, { "id": "20328127", "text": "start date of July was established. In late April 2016, the film's release date was moved up to October 6, 2017, as well as Ana de Armas and Sylvia Hoeks being added to the cast. Carla Juri was cast in May 2016. In June, Mackenzie Davis and Barkhad Abdi were cast, with David Dastmalchian, Hiam Abbass and Lennie James joining in July. Jared Leto was added to the cast in August. In March 2017, Edward James Olmos confirmed he was in the film in a sequence playing original character Gaff. In September 2015, Warner Bros. trademarked the name \"Blade Runner:", "title": "Blade Runner (franchise)" }, { "id": "6868592", "text": "a previous relationship with Monica Campins. Gustavo Santaolalla Gustavo Alfredo Santaolalla (born 19 August 1951) is an Argentine musician, film composer and producer. He has won Academy Awards for Best Original Score in two consecutive years, for \"Brokeback Mountain\" in 2005, and \"Babel\" in 2006. More recently, he composed the original score for the video game \"The Last of Us\", and the theme music for the Netflix series \"Making a Murderer\". Santaolalla was born in El Palomar, Argentina, and grew up during the military junta and period later known as the Dirty War. His professional music career began in 1967,", "title": "Gustavo Santaolalla" }, { "id": "20821620", "text": "produced by Srinivasa Chitturi and Rambabu Bandaru under the banners BR8 Creations, V. Y. Combines and Srinivasa Silver Screen. Cinematography was handled by Niketh Bommireddy, and editing by Suresh Arumugam. Filming began in February 2018 at Rajahmundry, and ended in June. The soundtrack of the film was composed by Poorna Chandra Tejaswi. The audio launch for the Tamil version took place on 31 August 2018 and also audio rights was bagged and taken by Sony Music India. The song \"The Karma Theme\", composed and sung by Anirudh Ravichander with Alisha Thomas on backing vocals, was released on 3 September 2018", "title": "U Turn (2018 film)" }, { "id": "45484", "text": "\"Blade Runner\". In light of the lack of a release of an album, the New American Orchestra recorded an orchestral adaptation in 1982 which bore little resemblance to the original. Some of the film tracks would, in 1989, surface on the compilation \"Vangelis: Themes\", but not until the 1992 release of the \"Director's Cut\" version would a substantial amount of the film's score see commercial release. These delays and poor reproductions led to the production of many bootleg recordings over the years. A bootleg tape surfaced in 1982 at science fiction conventions and became popular given the delay of an", "title": "Blade Runner" }, { "id": "18295187", "text": "Production concluded on April 30, 2015. Academy Award-winning composer Howard Shore was originally chosen to write the music for the film. He was replaced during post-production by Daniel Hart, who had previously worked with director Lowery on other films, most notably \"Ain't Them Bodies Saints\" (2013). The soundtrack was released on August 12, 2016 by Walt Disney Records. Candle on the Water was the only original song to be featured on the 2016 soundtrack from the 1977 soundtrack. Though the song was not used in the film, it was re-recorded by Okkervil River for the 2016 soundtrack. The original version,", "title": "Pete's Dragon (2016 film)" }, { "id": "20492941", "text": "Star Wars: The Last Jedi (soundtrack) Star Wars: The Last Jedi – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the film score to the 2017 composed and conducted by John Williams. The album was released by Walt Disney Records on December 15, 2017 in digipak CD, Jewel case CD, digital formats, and streaming services. In July 2013, Kathleen Kennedy announced at Star Wars Celebration Europe that John Williams would return to score the \"Star Wars\" sequel trilogy. Williams confirmed his assignment for \"The Last Jedi\" at a Tanglewood concert in August 2016, stating he would begin recording the score \"off and on\"", "title": "Star Wars: The Last Jedi (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "20633011", "text": "composer Campbell has written music for TV shows, films and video games like Breakout Kings (2011-2012), Medal of Honor: Warfighter (2012), Pacific Rim (film) (2013), The House of Magic (2013), The Strain (TV series) (2014-2017), Dracula Untold (2014), Game of Thrones (2011- ), Warcraft (film) (2016), Person of Interest (2011-2016), Gears of War 4 (2016), The Great Wall (film) (2016), Prison Break (2005-2017), and A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film) (2018). In 2018 Campbell composed the score for the drama-comedy \"Funny Story\" as well as Sylvain White's horror film \"Slender Man\". Brandon Campbell Brandon Campbell is an American music composer", "title": "Brandon Campbell" }, { "id": "11389260", "text": "(dir. Brett Haley). He also premiered his second collaboration with Alex Ross Perry, \"Queen of Earth\", at the 2015 Berlin Film Festival. In 2016 he composed the soundtrack for the 2017 movie The Hero starring Sam Elliott, Laura Prepon, Nick Offerman and Katharine Ross. Most recently, DeWitt has teamed with fellow Nashville, TN artist Jeremy Bullock to form Wild Cub. They released their debut 13-song full length LP in August 2013 (January 2014 UK release) entitled \"Youth\". Their sophomore 11-song LP \"Closer\" was released in 2017. Wild Cub has been part of SXSW, Bonnaroo, CMJ and other prominent festivals and", "title": "Keegan DeWitt" }, { "id": "20882150", "text": "Skyscraper (soundtrack) Skyscraper – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the film score to the 2018 film of the same name, written and composed by Steve Jablonsky. The score was recorded at Abbey Road Studios in London with an orchestra conducted by Alastair King. Additional mixing was done at Arata Music Studios. The soundtrack was digitally released on July 13, 2018 by Milan Records with the physical soundtrack being released later on August 3, 2018. Steve Jablonsky was hired to score the film, replacing Thurber's frequent composer, Theodore Shapiro. For the basis of the score, Jablonsky worked with traditional orchestra and", "title": "Skyscraper (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "16659332", "text": "\"Hunger Games\" and \"Twilight Saga\" franchises, and we're especially pleased that we can introduce our newest young adult franchise, \"Divergent\", to the movie going public in the premium IMAX format that celebrates its status as a special and memorable event.\" The score for \"Divergent\" was composed by Junkie XL and executive produced by his longtime mentor Hans Zimmer. Ellie Goulding's \"Beating Heart\" was included in the film as original soundtrack and later the assisting video was also released from Goulding's YouTube channel. Goulding's \"Dead In The Water\" was also included on the soundtrack. Randall Poster served as the film's music", "title": "Divergent (film)" }, { "id": "15674342", "text": "The Passion on FOX, which aired on Palm Sunday, March 20, 2016. In 2017, Anders produced ABC's anticipated remake of Dirty Dancing starring Abigail Breslin, in addition to executive producing its soundtrack. Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie Anders worked as the Executive Song Producer and Soundtrack album Producer for Dreamworks' based on the series of children's novels of the same name by Dav Pilkey. Anders, with longtime collaborator Peer Astrom, produced the eleven song album. The soundtrack included artists such as Adam Lambert, Lil Yachty, Andy Grammer, Weird Al Yankovic on the film's theme song and original score by", "title": "Adam Anders" }, { "id": "20442649", "text": "October 27. On October 25, 2017, it was announced that a vinyl double-LP of the soundtrack album would be released on December 15, 2017, in a numbered limited edition of 2500, pressed on 180-gram premium vinyl, intended for audiophiles. Although the information about the release mentioned that the album would have 24 tracks, the advertised tracks on sites selling it shows only 20 tracks, with the tracks by Frank Sinatra and Elvis Presley being omitted from the LPs. Note indicates tracks that are not on the limited edition two-LP vinyl release Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack) Blade Runner 2049: Original Motion", "title": "Blade Runner 2049 (soundtrack)" }, { "id": "18967450", "text": "right\", but found \"really cool ways\" to move the skeletons. The film's score was composed by Michael Giacchino. Germaine Franco, Adrian Molina, Robert Lopez, and Kristen Anderson-Lopez wrote the songs. Recording for the score began on August 14, 2017. The score was released on November 10, 2017. Following the 90th Academy Awards ceremony, where \"Remember Me\" won the award for Best Original Song, the album broke the top 40 on the Billboard 200 charts, jumping from 120 to 39, where it peaked before dropping to 64. In the week of March 8, the Miguel version of \"Remember Me\" gained 1.58", "title": "Coco (2017 film)" } ]	who did the music for the new blade runner film
[ "Cape Gracias a Dios" ]	[ { "id": "5566191", "text": "northeastern Venezuela, though after entering the Caribbean Sea, another reconnaissance flight was unable to confirm the existence of a low-level circulation. Shortly thereafter, while moving into an area of light wind shear, it was able to organize and strengthen further, and on September 7 the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm \"Edith\" near the island of Curaçao. While initially, a cold-core upper-level low persisted about 750 miles (1200 km) northwest of the storm, Edith moved west-northwestward due to the influence of a narrow and persistent ridge of high pressure, which extended from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico.", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566196", "text": "northeastward and regained hurricane status. The hurricane turned to the east-northeast as it approached the coast of Louisiana, and made landfall on September 16 in a sparsely populated area 30 miles (48 km) east of Cameron with winds of 105 mph (170 km/h), equivalent to a Category 2 hurricane in the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Edith rapidly weakened over land, degenerating into a tropical storm over Louisiana, and into a tropical depression over Mississippi. It continued to the east-northeast, and dissipated over northwestern Georgia on September 18. Fourteen hours prior to Edith making landfall in Central America, the National Hurricane Center", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566194", "text": "it moved northwestward, and made landfall near Belize City with tropical storm winds of 70 mph (115 km/h). Edith weakened further while crossing the Yucatán Peninsula, and emerged into the Gulf of Mexico near Campeche, Mexico late on September 11 as a minimal tropical storm. Edith initially failed to re-intensify as it moved northwestward, despite low amounts of wind shear and warm waters. This was because an anticyclone over the Gulf was closely connected with Hurricane Fern, which developed and moved over the northwestern portion of the Gulf of Mexico. The anticyclone resulted in an easterly upper-level flow across Edith,", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566189", "text": "of Louisiana due to flooding and a tornado outbreak from the storm. One tornado, rated F3 on the Fujita Scale, damaged several homes and injured multiple people in Baton Rouge. The tornado outbreak extended eastward into Florida, of which a few destroyed entire buildings. Damage in the United States totaled US$25 million (1971 dollars, $ in dollars). A tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa near Dakar on August 31. It moved westward into the Intertropical Convergence Zone, and organized into a tropical disturbance on September 2 with a small, circular area of convection. The system moved to the", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566190", "text": "west, and on September 3, the convection diminished after moving west of 40° W. By the next day, the tropical disturbance was barely discernible from the clouds of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The wave gradually became detached from the ITCZ, and based on a reconnaissance flight that confirmed the existence of a low-level circulation, it is estimated the system developed into a tropical depression on September 5 while located 255 miles (415 km) east of Grenada. The depression moved westward quickly, and moved through the southern Lesser Antilles early on September 6. The southern portion of the circulation passed over", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566197", "text": "warned citizens about the extreme danger of the approaching hurricane, and asked them to prepare for hurricane conditions. While the storm was located in the Gulf of Mexico, the National Hurricane Center issued a Hurricane Warning from Cameron to Morgan City, Louisiana eighteen hours before the hurricane made landfall. Edith later struck land in the middle portion of the warning area. In Belize, officials ordered the mandatory evacuation of low-lying areas, resulting in hundreds of residents leaving to the United States through the international airport. Officials sent police troops to maintain order and prevent looting. In the Gulf of Mexico,", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566193", "text": "led to a release of baroclinic energy. Reconnaissance aircraft crews in the peak of the storm reported extreme turbulence, causing concern for the safety of the crews. At its peak intensity, the very well-defined \"pinhole\" eye was only 5 miles (8 km) in diameter. Late on September 9, Hurricane Edith made landfall on northeastern Nicaragua at Cabo Gracias a Dios. Hurricane Edith rapidly weakened over the mountainous terrain of northeastern Central America, and 18 hours after it made landfall, it emerged into the Gulf of Honduras as an 80 mph (130 km/h) Category 1 hurricane. It continued to weaken as", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566198", "text": "several oil facilities were closed or placed on automatic controls. Drilling rigs as far east as the coastal waters off of Mississippi were prepared to evacuate in the event Edith moved further east than anticipated. Additionally, thousands evacuated coastal areas of Louisiana prior to the arrival of the hurricane. Several shelters opened in coastal cities, and many people prepared for the hurricane by purchasing emergency supplies. Officials closed schools throughout much of southern Louisiana. While passing through the southern Lesser Antilles, the tropical depression produced heavy rainfall and winds of around 35 mph (55 km/h). Edith produced tropical storm force", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "14709273", "text": "September 25, the storm traversed the eastern Caribbean Sea. Curving north-northwest on September 26, Edith made landfall near La Romana, Dominican Republic, early on the following day as a minimal hurricane. Interaction with land and an upper-level trough caused Edith to weaken to a tropical storm on September 28 and to a tropical depression by the next day. The storm dissipated just east of the Bahamas on September 29. In Martinique, a wind gust of was observed at Le Lamentin Airport; tides about above normal and heavy rainfall impacted the island. Throughout the island, about 6,000 homes were demolished and", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "5566200", "text": "in dollars). Three United States Air Force aircraft delivered food, medical supplies, and fuel to the hurricane victims of Nicaragua. In Honduras, the hurricane produced 15 foot (4.5 m) tides and strong winds, while strong waves destroyed 40 fishing boats as well. While the hurricane reportedly destroyed entire villages, no deaths occurred in Honduras. Offshore islands in Belize reported winds of up to 60 mph (95 km/h). Edith produced flooding in a few towns in the southern portion of the country, with some buildings damaged. Heavy damage was reported near Monkey River Town. Impact in Mexico, if any, is unknown.", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566195", "text": "creating conditions not conducive for intensification. As Fern moved inland over Texas, the flow became more favorable around Edith, and 36 hours after entering the Gulf of Mexico, the storm began to reintensify slightly. Edith continued moving to the west-northwest, heading towards the coast of Mexico, but early on September 14, the storm stalled while located just off the coast of Tamaulipas. A mid-latitude trough of low pressure approached the storm, and caused Edith to turn to slowly drift towards the northeast. Located only miles from the Mexican coast, Edith again failed to strengthen until September 15, when it accelerated", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "5566202", "text": "were safely rescued. While making landfall in Louisiana, Edith resulted in above normal tides of up to 9.7 feet (2.9 m) above normal at Cypremont Point near Morgan City. The highest winds reported by a land station were 69 mph (111 km/h) at Cameron, where a wind gust of 96 mph (155 km/h) was also reported. However, due to the lack of recording instruments near the hurricane's landing point, whether higher winds occurred there is not known, although likely. Rainfall was moderate across Louisiana, including amounts of over 8 inches (200 mm) in the southwestern portion of the state. A", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "13445073", "text": "Hurricane Irene–Olivia Hurricane Irene–Olivia was the first actively tracked tropical cyclone to move into the eastern Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic basin. It originated as a tropical depression on September 11, 1971, in the tropical Atlantic. The cyclone tracked nearly due westward at a low latitude, passing through the southern Windward Islands and later over northern South America. In the southwest Caribbean Sea, it intensified to a tropical storm and later a hurricane. Irene made landfall on southeastern Nicaragua on September 19, and maintained its circulation as it crossed the low-lying terrain of the country. Restrengthening after reaching the Pacific,", "title": "Hurricane Irene–Olivia" }, { "id": "14709281", "text": "particularly from Cabo Rojo to Humacao, residents were told to evacuate. Police and the Civil Defense assisted with evacuations. Additionally, residents of low-lying areas in Dominican Republic and Haiti were advised to seek higher ground. Hurricane Edith was responsible for approximately $46.6 million in damage. Edith passed just north of Barbados and delivered between of rain to the island. Wind speeds were between in the northern section of the island. Damage on the island totaled $145,000. In Martinique, the meteorological station at Le Lamentin Airport experienced wind gusts up to . Wind and flood damage was reported, along with abnormally", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "5566188", "text": "Mexico. After moving across the Gulf of Mexico a trough turned the storm to the northeast and Edith, after having restrengthened while accelerating towards the coast, made landfall on Louisiana with winds of 105 mph (170 km/h) on September 16. Edith steadily weakened over land and dissipated over Georgia on September 18. The hurricane killed two people when it passed near Aruba. Striking northeastern Central America as a Category 5 hurricane, Edith destroyed hundreds of homes and killed at least 35 people. In Texas high tides caused coastal flooding but little damage. Edith caused moderate to heavy damage in portions", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "13445087", "text": "O. Hurricane Irene–Olivia Hurricane Irene–Olivia was the first actively tracked tropical cyclone to move into the eastern Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic basin. It originated as a tropical depression on September 11, 1971, in the tropical Atlantic. The cyclone tracked nearly due westward at a low latitude, passing through the southern Windward Islands and later over northern South America. In the southwest Caribbean Sea, it intensified to a tropical storm and later a hurricane. Irene made landfall on southeastern Nicaragua on September 19, and maintained its circulation as it crossed the low-lying terrain of the country. Restrengthening after reaching the", "title": "Hurricane Irene–Olivia" }, { "id": "14709277", "text": "north-northwestward toward the Mona Passage. It made landfall slightly west of La Romana, Dominican Republic, around 08:00 UTC on September 27 with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h). Edith crossed the island in about eight hours and maintained hurricane status. However, the cyclone weakened over the Atlantic and eastern Bahamas due to further land interaction and a frontal low pressure area, which developed near South Florida a few days earlier and moved east-northeastward to a location about from Edith. As a result, the pressure gradient in the Bahamas region weakened significantly, disrupting the easterly flow north of Edith. At 00:00", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "14709285", "text": "In Maricao, winds and strong thunderstorms caused a few trees to be blown down. In Mayagüez, low-lying areas adjacent to the Yagüez River flooded after the river rose between above its average crest, causing about 300 people to flee their homes. Two homes were demolished and another was extensively damaged. Along the coast, waves inundated waterfront streets, leaving them barely passable. Approximately of sugar cane fields were flooded in and around Añasco, Cabo Rojos, Hormigueros, and Lajas. Additionally, harvest equipment and a large amount of fertilizer were destroyed. Throughout Puerto Rico, agricultural damage alone was estimated to be over $150,000.", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "3345437", "text": "Flores Island in the Azores. An Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) disturbance developed into a tropical depression while east of the Windward Islands on September 23. The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Edith the next day. Only six hours later, Edith reached hurricane status. Edith fluctuated between Category 1 and 2 status as it moved west-northwest; its central pressure was analyzed at on September 24. After striking Saint Lucia on September 25, the storm traversed the eastern Caribbean Sea. Curving north-northwest on September 26, Edith made landfall near La Romana, Dominican Republic, early on the following day as a minimal hurricane.", "title": "1963 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "13445086", "text": "the closure of a portion of U.S. Route 95. In Navajo and Pinal counties, the rainfall damaged roads, bridges, sewers, and homes, which amounted to about $250,000 in repair work for the state of Arizona. The storm's moisture also produced locally heavy snowfall in higher elevations in the Rocky Mountains. Irene–Olivia is unusual in that it survived passage from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean. Only nine other named storms are known to have done so. Irene was the first of three Atlantic-to-Pacific crossover tropical cyclones in the 1970s, all three of which took eastern Pacific names starting with the letter", "title": "Hurricane Irene–Olivia" }, { "id": "14709284", "text": "three others. Additionally, electrical and telephone lines were downed. Just offshore, Gatas, the island containing the Club Náutico de Ponce, was completely inundated. Damages to the yacht club totaled $100,000 and damages to the boats totaled $15,000. Flooding in the area resulted in about $25,000 in damage. At the Agricultural Experiment Station in Lajas, crops were heavily damaged by high winds. Near Salinas, about of Highway 1 was destroyed by high surf. Several beach front properties were badly damaged. Cabo Rojo bore the brunt of the storm with the center passing within , resulting major flooding and extensive wind damage.", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "14709282", "text": "high waves. Throughout the island, about 6,000 homes were demolished and 13,000 other were severely impacted. Agriculture suffered significantly, with bananas and other food crops destroyed, while sugar cane experienced significant damage. Edith left 10 fatalities and 50 people seriously injured. Damage was estimated to be $40 million. Saint Lucia experienced wind gusts up to , damaging about half of the banana crop. These winds were accompanied by heavy, flooding rains and the island received wind and flood damage as the hurricane made landfall. The damage on the island totaled just under $3.5 million. Throughout southwestern Puerto Rico, the storm", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "3377695", "text": "on September 5 to the east of the southern Lesser Antilles. It moved quickly across the southern Caribbean Sea, intensifying into a hurricane just off the north coast of South America. Edith rapidly intensified on September 9 and made landfall on Cape Gracias a Dios as a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. It quickly lost intensity over Central America and after briefly entering the Gulf of Honduras it crossed the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. After moving across the Gulf of Mexico, a trough turned the storm to the northeast and Edith, after having restrengthened while accelerating towards", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "14709286", "text": "Impact in the Dominican Republic was minor, though winds between and heavy rain were recorded. At Turks and Caicos Islands, sustained winds of were observed, with gusts up to . Hurricane Edith (1963) Hurricane Edith brought flooding and wind damage to portions of the Greater and Lesser Antilles. The sixth tropical storm and fifth hurricane of the 1963 season, Edith developed east of the Windward Islands on September 23 from an Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) disturbance. Initially a tropical depression, it strengthened into Tropical Storm Edith the next day. Shortly thereafter, Edith reached hurricane status. Edith fluctuated between Category 1", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "5566187", "text": "Hurricane Edith (1971) Hurricane Edith was the strongest hurricane to form during the 1971 Atlantic hurricane season and the southernmost landfalling Category 5 hurricane on record in the Atlantic until surpassed by Hurricane Felix of 2007. Edith developed from a tropical wave on September 5 and quickly strengthened into a hurricane in the Caribbean Sea. Edith rapidly intensified on September 9 and made landfall on Cape Gracias a Dios as a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. It quickly lost intensity over Central America and after briefly entering the Gulf of Honduras it crossed the Yucatán Peninsula in", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "13403536", "text": "people from low-lying areas. Accurate forecasts from satellite and ship data were credited with preventing a significant death toll, although the population did not know of the storm's approach until a day before landfall. Officials advised ships to return to port for safety, and the threat of the storm canceled a baseball game. As Olivia moved ashore, it produced locally heavy rainfall, peaking at in Pueblo Nuevo, Durango. The heaviest rains occurred in a narrow region where the hurricane made landfall, although precipitation of around 1 in (25 mm) reached as far south as Michoacán, 340 mi (550 km) south", "title": "Hurricane Olivia (1975)" }, { "id": "13445075", "text": "crop. Later, the remnants of Hurricane Olivia produced rainfall in the southwest United States. Flooding was reported near Yuma, Arizona, which closed a major highway, and the moisture produced snowfall in higher elevations in the Rocky Mountains. The origins of the hurricane were from a tropical wave that exited the west African coast on September 7. It moved rapidly westward, developing into a tropical depression on September 11 about 800 miles (1300 km) east of the Windward Islands. It was one of seven active tropical cyclones in the Atlantic basin that day, one of the most active single days on", "title": "Hurricane Irene–Olivia" }, { "id": "15853224", "text": "August 27, becoming the first hurricane to make landfall in the United States since Hurricane Ike in 2008. Early on the following day, the storm re-emerged into the Atlantic from southeastern Virginia. Although Irene remained a hurricane over water, it weakened to a tropical storm while making yet another landfall in the Little Egg Inlet in southeastern New Jersey on August 27. A few hours later, Irene made its ninth and final landfall in Brooklyn, New York City. Early on August 29, Irene transitioned into an extratropical cyclone hitting Vermont after remaining inland as a tropical cyclone for less than", "title": "Hurricane Irene" }, { "id": "5754983", "text": "in the United States, according to the Social Security online database. It became far less common as a name for children by the late 20th century. The name Edith has four name days: May 14 in Estonia, October 31 in Sweden, July 5 in Latvia, and September 16 in France and Lithuania. Edith Edith is a female given name, derived from the Old English words ēad, meaning 'riches or blessed', and ġȳð, meaning 'war', and is in common usage in this form in English, German, many Scandinavian languages and Dutch. Its French form, also a common name in French, is", "title": "Edith" }, { "id": "3375581", "text": "the west, and struck Cuba on May 24 with maximum winds of . As Alma crossed the eastern Gulf of Mexico, it retained a well-defined circulation with an eye feature evident on weather radar, but the persistent shear limited the system's intensity. Tropical Depression Alma made landfall near Cedar Key, Florida, on May 25 and became extratropical two days later over North Carolina. Although Alma passed just offshore, impact in Central America, if any, is unknown. In the Cayman Islands, winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) were reported. Impact was most severe in Cuba, where flash flooding caused seven fatalities,", "title": "1970 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "14338669", "text": "Tropical Storm Laura (1971) Tropical Storm Laura was the final storm in the active 1971 Atlantic hurricane season. It formed on November 12 in the western Caribbean Sea, and reached winds of 70 mph (120 km/h) as it approached western Cuba. Across the island, Laura produced heavy rainfall, peaking at 32.5 inches (83 cm). The resulting flooding killed one person and caused crop damage. 26,000 people were forced to evacuate their homes. Initially, Laura was forecast to move across the island and impact the southern United States, but it executed a small loop and turned to the southwest. The storm", "title": "Tropical Storm Laura (1971)" }, { "id": "14709274", "text": "13,000 others were severely impacted. Agriculture suffered significantly, with bananas and other food crops destroyed, while sugar cane experienced significant damage. Winds up to caused significant damage on Dominica and strong winds on Saint Lucia ruined about half of the island's banana crop. In Puerto Rico, the storm brought heavy rainfall to the southwest corner of the island and abnormally high tides to the south coast. Several beach front properties were badly damaged, particularly in the Salinas municipality. Overall, Edith caused 10 deaths, all on Martinique, and approximately $46.6 million (1963 USD) in damage. An area of disturbed weather in", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "14709275", "text": "the Intertropical Convergence Zone was first observed on September 22 by the Dutch tanker \"Aceteon\". On the following day, imagery from TIROS VII indicated that a surface circulation developed. With a reconnaissance aircraft observing winds of , a tropical depression developed at 12:00 UTC on September 23 about east-southeast of Barbados. Later that day, the U.S. Weather Bureau initiated advisories on the system. Another flight on September 24 indicated that the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Edith by 12:00 UTC. Six hours later, the system intensified into a Category 1 hurricane on the modern day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Around", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "14709283", "text": "brought moderate rains, strong winds, and rough seas. Over of precipitation fell in the Lajas Valley during the passage of Hurricane Edith, while an official peak rainfall total of was observed on Isla Magueyes. Several southern and western locations in Puerto Rico observed tropical storm force winds, with the highest sustained wind speed of recorded in Cabo Rojo. Along the coast, rough seas were reported, with waves as high as waves high as lashing Ensenada, located in the municipality of Guánica. In Ponce, waves flooded low-lying areas of the Playa de Ponce barrio. Winds deroofed six homes and severely damaged", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "5566204", "text": "mile (5 km) path. The hurricane caused extensive damage to the sugar cane crop in southwestern Louisiana. About a month after Edith struck the United States, President Richard Nixon declared portions of Louisiana as a disaster area, which allocated relief funds to aid the affected citizens. In Mississippi, wind gusts peaked at 70 mph (112 km/h) in Hattiesburg, with multiple locations reporting tropical-storm-force winds. Additionally, Edith produced moderate rainfall peaking at 6.15 inches (156 mm) in Liberty. In Alabama, the storm caused light rains, moderate wind gusts, and a storm tide of 2.7 feet (0.8 m) in Mobile. Edith spawned", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "3377703", "text": "its path, although impact was greatest in Nicaragua where it moved ashore as a hurricane. A total of 96 homes were destroyed, and 1,200 people were left homeless. The rainfall resulted in widespread flooding, killing three people in Rivas. In neighboring Costa Rica, Hurricane Irene caused more than $1 million (1971 USD, $ USD) in damage to the banana crop. The hurricane was the first actively tracked tropical cyclone that moved into the eastern Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean. The origins of Janice were from a tropical wave that moved off the coast of Africa on September 18. It", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "5566201", "text": "Two stations in Texas recorded sustained tropical force winds, and Galveston reported a peak wind gust of 53 mph (85 km/h). While moving past the state, Edith produced above normal tides of over 4 feet (1.2 m) in locations, which flooded a portion of Highway 87. The storm dropped light to moderate amounts of rainfall peaking at 3.5 inches (89 mm) in Sabine Pass. The passage of Hurricane Edith resulted in downed trees and power lines, and damage totaling US$180,000 (1971 dollars, $900,000 in 2006 dollars). Off the coast of Louisiana, the hurricane wrecked three boats, but all the occupants", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "14338675", "text": "flock of great black-backed gulls toward Central America and north-coastal South America; the species is usually found in the Mid-Atlantic states, and were migrating to the Gulf Coast or Cuba when they were affected by the storm. When Laura's path was uncertain, forecasters advised fishermen to remain at port along the Yucatan Peninsula and southern Florida. Gale warnings were also issued for the Florida Keys, due to the uncertainty. No significant damage or casualties were reported in Central America, although heavy rainfall was reported across the region. On Glover's Reef off the coast of British Honduras (now Belize), the storm", "title": "Tropical Storm Laura (1971)" }, { "id": "14338674", "text": "and overall the storm impacted four provinces, including Isle of Youth, Pinar del Río, La Habana, and the city of Havana. On the Isle of Youth, Laura produced winds of 70 mph (120 km/h), with gusts to 80 mph (130 km/h). On the mainland, the storm destroyed 20 homes and several tobacco sheds, with damage also reported to the coffee, sugar, fruit, and vegetable crops. Due to the flooding, officials forced 26,000 people from their homes in Pinar del Río, and one person in that province drowned while crossing a river. The storm's passage was believed to have diverted a", "title": "Tropical Storm Laura (1971)" }, { "id": "5566199", "text": "winds in Aruba, and gusts reached 60 mph (95 km/h). Two fishermen were reported lost at sea and presumed dead as a result of Edith. Edith produced strong winds across northeastern Nicaragua and eastern Honduras, with Puerto Lempira reporting an unofficial sustained wind of 140 mph (225 km/h). Press reports indicated every house in the Cape Gracias area was destroyed or heavily damaged, leaving 7,000 homeless. The meteorological service in British Honduras stated there were 100 fatalities near Cape Gracias, though a later report indicated 35 people died in Nicaragua. There, damage was estimated at over US$380,000 (1971 dollars, $", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "14709279", "text": "also issued for areas north of Guadeloupe to Sint Maarten. As Edith approached Saint Lucia around 08:00 UTC on September 25, a hurricane watch was issued for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. The warnings and advice given by the San Juan Weather Bureau were credited for limiting damage and loss of life on Martinique. After Edith entered the Caribbean later on September 25, the watch was spread to Haiti and the Dominican Republic, while gale warnings were issued for the south coast of Hispaniola, east of Santo Domingo, as well as Puerto Rico the Virgin Islands. At 08:00 UTC", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "6622155", "text": "Isle, Louisiana. After Kate moved ashore, the NHC issued gale warnings along the East Coast of the United States from St. Augustine, Florida to Chincoteague, Virginia. Early in its duration, Hurricane Kate sank one boat near Puerto Rico and disabled three others. The crew of five on the sunken boat were rescued after 17 hours. Several homes in northern Puerto Rico were damaged, forcing hundreds to evacuate. Flooding was also reported in the Dominican Republic, including around the capital Santo Domingo. Heavy rainfall and winds up to were reported in the Turks and Caicos Islands. In Jamaica, heavy precipitation caused", "title": "Hurricane Kate (1985)" }, { "id": "13662374", "text": "depression approached the Florida coast, radar imagery indicated the system remained well-organized, with a spiral band structure around an eye feature; however, wind shear limited convection and strength, and Alma moved ashore as a depression near Cedar Key on May 25. It turned northeastward and moved across the southeastern United States, becoming extratropical in North Carolina on May 27. After moving off the coast of Virginia, the remnants of Alma were absorbed by an approaching cold front. After Alma weakened from hurricane status, it passed near the Cayman Islands on May 21, where winds of up to were recorded. Gale-force", "title": "Hurricane Alma (1970)" }, { "id": "14709278", "text": "UTC on September 28, the hurricane weakened to a tropical storm. Edith struck North Caicos in the Turks and Caicos Islands about 18 hours later with winds of 40 mph (65 km/h). Edith curved northeastward and weakened to a tropical depression early on September 29, shortly before dissipating about northeast of Mayaguana island in the Bahamas. The remnants of Edith were lasted noted moving in tandem with the frontal low well east of Bermuda. At 18:00 UTC on September 24, when Edith intensified into a hurricane, hurricane warnings were issued from Guadeloupe to Saint Vincent, including Barbados. Gale warnings were", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "18821257", "text": "circulation centers to decouple. By 18:00 UTC on June 7, the hurricane degraded to a tropical storm. Around 10:30 UTC on June 8, Blanca made landfall over Isla Santa Margarita off the coast of Baja California Sur before striking the mainland, near Puerto Argudin, at 11:15 UTC. This marked the earliest known landfall in the state, and peninsula, on record during a calendar year. It surpassed the previous earliest—Tropical Storm Calvin on July 8, 1993—by a month. Turning back to the northwest, the system briefly emerged back over the Pacific Ocean before weakening to a tropical depression. Blanca made its", "title": "Hurricane Blanca (2015)" }, { "id": "3377702", "text": "of the Windward Islands. The cyclone tracked nearly due westward at a low latitude, passing through the southern Windward Islands and later over northern South America. In the southwest Caribbean Sea, it intensified to a tropical storm and later a hurricane. Irene made landfall on southeastern Nicaragua on September 19, and maintained its circulation as it crossed the low-lying terrain of the country. Restrengthening after reaching the Pacific, Irene was renamed Hurricane Olivia, which ultimately attained peak winds of 115 mph (185 km/h) before weakening and dissipating over northwestern Mexico. In the Atlantic, Irene produced moderate rainfall and winds along", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "10841867", "text": "of Henriette made landfall just east of Cabo San Lucas on the afternoon of September 4 with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). It was over land for only about six hours before emerging into the Gulf of California. The brief interaction with land caused a slight weakening, but Henriette remained a Category 1 hurricane for most of that day. The next day it made final landfall near Guaymas in the state of Sonora. Henriette weakened quickly over land and dissipated over the mountains of northwestern Mexico early on September 6. The remnants of Tropical Storm Henriette continued to track", "title": "Hurricane Henriette (2007)" }, { "id": "3377707", "text": "26,000 people to evacuate their homes. Initially, Laura was forecast to move across the island and impact the southern United States, but it executed a small loop and turned to the southwest. The storm moved ashore on Belize, one of only four November storms to affect the country. Little impact occurred during Laura's final landfall, and it dissipated on November 22 over central Guatemala. In addition to the named storms and otherwise notable cyclones, there were several weak depressions during the season. After a June devoid of activity, three tropical depressions developed within the first ten days of July. The", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "3349415", "text": "Senegal, the storm itself brought severe flooding and wind impacts to the Lesser Antilles and Florida, where Donna made landfall as a Category 4 hurricane. It moved northeast and struck North Carolina and Long Island, New York, while still at hurricane intensity. Donna caused at least 227 fatalities and $900 million (1960 USD) in damage. Hurricane Ethel reached Category 3 intensity, but rapidly weakened before making landfall in Mississippi, resulting in only 1 fatality and $1.5 million in losses. The final storm, Florence, developed on September 17. It remained weakened and moved erratically over Cuba and Florida. Only minor flooding", "title": "1960 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "7966828", "text": "and the eye became asymmetrical and partially open in the northeast quadrant. On October 25, the typhoon further weakened to a tropical storm just off the coast of Vietnam. Later that day, the system made its final landfall near Da Nang, Vietnam with winds of 100 km/h (65 mph). Rapid weakening ensued as Kate moved over the high terrain of southwest Asia, with the storm degrading to a tropical depression within six hours of moving inland. The system dissipated within the next 24 hours as it moved over the plateau region of Cambodia. Both JTWC and JMA released their final", "title": "Typhoon Kate (1970)" }, { "id": "3377696", "text": "the coast, made landfall on Louisiana with winds of 105 mph (170 km/h) on September 16. Edith steadily weakened over land and dissipated over Georgia on September 18. The hurricane killed two people when it passed near Aruba. Striking northeastern Central America as a Category 5 hurricane, Edith destroyed hundreds of homes and killed at least 35 people. In Texas high tides caused coastal flooding but little damage. Edith caused moderate to heavy damage in portions of Louisiana due to flooding and a tornado outbreak from the storm. One tornado, rated F3 on the Fujita Scale, damaged several homes and", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "15765073", "text": "a track that spared Texas from significant impact. On September 12, it moved ashore in northeastern Mexico in the state of Tamaulipas with winds of . The hurricane left one death due to a destroyed house. Ella weakened while moving inland and dissipated on September 13. The origins of Hurricane Ella were from a well-defined trough that extended from the San Andres archipelago to Florida in early September. A tropical depression developed from the system on September 8 near Swan Island off the north coast of Honduras. Moving northwestward, the depression failed to strengthen much before striking the Yucatán Peninsula", "title": "Hurricane Ella (1970)" }, { "id": "15887264", "text": "the extreme eastern part of the province. Rainfall occurred further north into Labrador, with precipitation of at least being reported as far north as Groswater Bay. Further south in the provinces of Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, rainfall amounts did not exceed . No flooding was reported in Atlantic Canada. On the offshore French Territory of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, severe wind damage was also reported on Saint-Pierre. Several homes and a church lost its roof. 1970 Canada hurricane The 1970 Canada hurricane was an unnamed tropical cyclone that brought impact to Bermuda and Newfoundland. The fourth", "title": "1970 Canada hurricane" }, { "id": "3363741", "text": "15 days, eventually dissipating over France after wrecking a ship offshore northern Spain, killing 14 people. Hurricane Doria co-existed with Beulah and Chloe, taking an unusual trajectory over the eastern United States; it killed three people in a boating accident offshore New Jersey. In late September, Tropical Storm Edith was a minimal storm that moved through the Lesser Antilles without serious impact. Hurricane Fern killed three people when it struck Mexico north of Tampico. Tropical Storm Ginger existed in the far eastern Atlantic in early October, and Hurricane Heidi stalled over the northern Atlantic Ocean at the end of the", "title": "1967 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "18137738", "text": "storm throughout the country. Hurricane Arthur was the earliest recorded landfalling North Carolina hurricane, coming onshore at 03:15 UTC on July 4. At Cape Lookout, a peak wind gust of and 1-minute maximum sustained winds of were recorded. A United States Coast Guard station in Cape Hatteras observed a peak gust of . An EF1 tornado touched down in Duplin County, damaging two structures and many trees, while a funnel cloud was sighted within the vicinity of Elm City. Another EF1 tornado was reported in Martin County, which knocked a tree onto a house. The highest rainfall total measured as", "title": "Hurricane Arthur" }, { "id": "5093205", "text": "its peak strength, making it the strongest tropical cyclone to ever hit Atlantic Canada. Ginny became extratropical shortly thereafter, and its remnants dissipated on October 30 in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. Early in its duration, the precursor to Ginny dropped high amounts of rainfall. Monción in the Dominican Republic reported , and Green Turtle Cay in the Bahamas reported . Despite Ginny's proximity to the United States for over a week, a hurricane warning was only issued from Charleston, South Carolina, and Cape Fear, North Carolina, as well as Cape Hatteras. This represented about one-sixth of the entire coastline", "title": "Hurricane Ginny" }, { "id": "1176814", "text": "the beach, the train trestle was damaged and the Carolina Yacht Club had to be completely rebuilt. A few smaller storms hit in the early 1900s but none did extensive damage. The next big hit came from Hurricane Hazel, which made landfall on October 15, 1954 at Holden Beach. This was the third named hurricane to hit the area within 7 weeks and is the only category 4 hurricane to make landfall in North Carolina. The storm headed up the coast devastating Yaupon Beach, Long Beach and Southport before hitting Carolina Beach and Wrightsville Beach. Hurricane Connie hit the beach", "title": "Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina" }, { "id": "6788288", "text": "storm and fourth hurricane of the record-breaking season. Although there were initial fears of a landfall in the United States due to uncertainty in predicting the storm's track, Hurricane Irene never approached land and caused no recorded damage; however, swells up to and strong rip currents resulted in one fatality in Long Beach, New York. Hurricane Irene began as a Cape Verde storm. A vigorous tropical wave moved off the west coast of Africa on August 1, initially weakening due to cooler sea surface temperatures. It moved westward and passed near Cape Verde, where convection started to increase. The system", "title": "Hurricane Irene (2005)" }, { "id": "3656415", "text": "Hurricane Carmen Hurricane Carmen was the most intense tropical cyclone of the 1974 Atlantic hurricane season. A destructive and widespread storm, Carmen originated as a tropical disturbance that emerged from Africa toward the end of August. The disturbance traveled westward, spawning a tropical depression east of the Lesser Antilles on August 29. The storm moved through the Caribbean Sea, and in an environment conducive to intensification, it quickly strengthened to its initial peak intensity as a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale. Carmen moved ashore on the Yucatán Peninsula, where, despite striking a sparsely populated region, it caused", "title": "Hurricane Carmen" }, { "id": "3377691", "text": "65 mph (105 km/h) as it was making landfall near Morehead City, North Carolina. It turned to the northeast, and moved through the Mid-Atlantic and New England as a tropical storm before becoming an extratropical storm over Maine on August 29. In North Carolina, Doria produced moderate rainfall, resulting in localized flooding and damage. The storm spawned a tornado near Norfolk, Virginia, damaging twelve houses and downing hundreds of trees. Tropical Storm Doria dropped heavy precipitation in New Jersey, peaking at 10.29 in (261 mm) in Little Falls. The rainfall led to record-breaking river levels and flooding in several houses,", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "13307564", "text": "reintensified into a cyclone east of the Gold Coast, and it crossed the Queensland coast north of Brisbane at Redcliffe. Widespread structural damage was reported, with numerous power lines falling and roofs being uproofed. Cyclone Ida existed from 16 to 22 February 1971 in the Coral Sea. Cyclone Fiona existed from 16 to 28 February 1971. It developed from remains of Cyclone Gertie, which was located in the Gulf of Carpentaria. Cyclone Lena existed from 13 to 20 March 1971 near New Caledonia. Tropical Depression Nora caused minor damage and gale-force winds over the Yasawa and Mamanuca islands, Viti-Levu as", "title": "1970–71 South Pacific cyclone season" }, { "id": "3377712", "text": "that were not assigned are marked in . Storms were named Beth, Kristy and Laura for the first time in 1971. No names were retired after the 1971 season. Kristy, Rachel, Sandra, and Wallis are currently being used in the East Pacific lists. This is a table of the storms in 1971 and their landfall(s), if any. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but are still storm-related. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical or a wave or low. 1971 Atlantic hurricane season The 1971", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "13407824", "text": "Hurricane Lily (1971) Hurricane Lily was a short-lived Category 1 hurricane of August 1971 that devastated the city of Puerto Vallarta in Mexico. Forming from an area of cloudiness associated with former Atlantic Tropical Storm Chloe, the storm slowly intensified, building to peak intensity just before landfall northwest of Manzanillo, Colima on August 31. The hurricane quickly weakened and became extratropical. After leaving land, the extratropical remnants of Lily dissipated on September 1. The storm's movement close to land affected shipping due to the limited warning, which was partially set back due to difficulties in clarifying the hurricane's position on", "title": "Hurricane Lily (1971)" }, { "id": "8789897", "text": "Hurricane Abby (1968) Hurricane Abby made landfall in Cuba, Florida, and North Carolina in June 1968. The first tropical cyclone, first named storm, and first hurricane on the season, Abby developed over the northwestern Caribbean Sea on June 1, as a result of the interaction between a mid-tropospheric trough and a cold front. Moving generally north-northeastward, the depression slowly strengthened while approaching the western tip of Cuba, becoming Tropical Storm Abby late on June 2. Shortly thereafter, Abby made landfall in Pinar del Río Province. The storm dropped heavy rainfall in western Cuba, with up to on Isla de la", "title": "Hurricane Abby (1968)" }, { "id": "1965717", "text": "Hurricane Hugo Hurricane Hugo was a powerful Cape Verde hurricane that caused widespread damage and loss of life in Guadeloupe, Saint Croix, St. Thomas, Puerto Rico, and the Southeast United States. It formed over the eastern Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands on September 9, 1989. Hugo moved thousands of miles across the Atlantic, rapidly strengthening to briefly attain Category 5 hurricane strength on its journey. It later crossed over Guadeloupe, St. Croix and St. Thomas on September 17 and 18 as a Category 4 hurricane. Weakening slightly more, it passed over Puerto Rico as a strong Category 3 hurricane.", "title": "Hurricane Hugo" }, { "id": "5093204", "text": "turned sharply northeastward off the northeast Florida coast, coming within of Daytona Beach. The hurricane continued paralleling the coast of the Southeastern United States, turning northeast away from Georgia and South Carolina. On October 26, Ginny turned to the east away from the United States, having been located within of the country's coast for eight consecutive days. The next day, the hurricane began a motion to the northeast, accelerating in advance of an approaching trough. It gradually intensified, reaching peak winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) on October 29. Later that day, Ginny made landfall on southwestern Nova Scotia at", "title": "Hurricane Ginny" }, { "id": "3349362", "text": "a 130 mph (215 km/h) Category 4 hurricane in South Carolina on August 29. It brought strong winds, rough seas, heavy rainfall, and tornadoes to the state, as well as North Carolina and Virginia. Overall, Gracie caused 22 fatalities and $14 million in damage. Following Hurricane Gracie was Hurricane Hannah, a long-lived storm that did not cause any known impact on land. The last two tropical cyclones, Tropical Storm Irene and Hurricane Judith, both caused minor coastal and inland flooding in Florida. The storms of the 1959 Atlantic hurricane season were collectively attributed to $24 million (1959 USD) and 64", "title": "1959 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "6476836", "text": "left 768 people dead (with 193 missing), and caused $74 million in damage (1970 USD), mostly from agricultural losses. Tropical Storm Kate developed just behind Typhoon Joan, east of the southern Philippines on October 14. It tracked westward as a small cyclone, and strengthened into a typhoon on the 15th. It made landfall twice, once in the Philippines and once in Vietnam, resulting in at least 631 fatalities (with 284 missing) and $50 million in damage. The remnants of Tropical Storm Nora contributed to the formation of the 1970 Bhola cyclone which devastated East Pakistan (Modern day Bangladesh). A tropical", "title": "1970 Pacific typhoon season" }, { "id": "2982621", "text": "(1998 US dollars) in damages mostly in St. Kitts and Nevis, Puerto Rico and Hispaniola. The hurricane made landfall in at least seven countries (Antigua and Barbuda, St. Kitts and Nevis, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, and the United States), more than any other hurricane since Hurricane Inez of the 1966 season. A tropical wave exited the coast of Africa on September 13. Moving westward, the large system quickly developed a closed circulation, and was classified Tropical Depression Seven on September 15. A strong upper-level ridge forced the depression to the west-northwest, where warm water temperatures allowed it to strengthen", "title": "Hurricane Georges" }, { "id": "15853229", "text": "northward than initially expected, where it underwent a considerable increase in strength and organization. Hours later, Irene moved ashore, approaching from the southeast at landfall near Punta Santiago, Humacao, Puerto Rico, with estimated sustained winds of . Despite the storm's interaction with land, radar imagery showed a ragged eye-like feature, and Doppler weather radar data indicated wind speeds in excess of hurricane force. Just after its initial landfall, Irene was accordingly upgraded to a Category 1 hurricane, the first of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season. With the hurricane then situated just north of the mountainous coast of Hispaniola, the storm", "title": "Hurricane Irene" }, { "id": "13445077", "text": "landmass or the trough to its north. At 0000 UTC on September 17, it is estimated the depression attained tropical storm status; that day, it was named Irene about 350 miles (560 km) east of San Andrés. Initially, the storm was expected to track west-northwestward toward the northwest Caribbean, similar to the track taken by the destructive Hurricane Edith two weeks prior. Tropical Storm Irene gradually intensified as it continued across the southwestern Caribbean Sea. Late on September 18, the storm attained hurricane status a short distance off the coast of Central America, with 80 mph (130 km/h) winds, its", "title": "Hurricane Irene–Olivia" }, { "id": "12046803", "text": "13th, Olivia finally became a hurricane, while in the Gulf of California. It rapidly strengthened due to its very small size, and reached winds of per hour for six hours and made landfall on the eastern side of the Baja California Peninsula at that strength. Olivia rapidly weakened even faster than it strengthened and dissipated 18 hours after landfall. Olivia is only one of two major hurricanes to make landfall on eastern side of the Baja California Peninsula the other being Hurricane Kiko of 1989. It was also the first major hurricane to be named in the East Pacific. No", "title": "1967 Pacific hurricane season" }, { "id": "5093199", "text": "Hurricane Ginny Hurricane Ginny was the strongest recorded tropical cyclone to make landfall in Canada, as well as the latest hurricane on a calendar year to affect the U.S. state of Maine. The eighth tropical storm of the 1963 Atlantic hurricane season, Ginny developed on October 16 over the Bahamas, although it was not initially a fully tropical cyclone. As it moved to the North and later northwest, Ginny intensified to hurricane status as it became more tropical. For eight days, it was located within of the United States coastline. After approaching North Carolina, Ginny looped to the southwest and", "title": "Hurricane Ginny" }, { "id": "3384407", "text": "subtropical cyclone, given the name Alfa, developed off the east coast of the United States. This storm was short-lived and dissipated on August 2 just offshore southern Maine. The first half August was relatively quiet, with only one depression forming. However, later in the month, the season's second hurricane, Brenda, formed in the northwestern Caribbean. Peaking just below Category 2 status on the newly introduced Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale, Brenda made the first recorded landfall in the Mexican State of Campeche. Later in August, Tropical Storm Christine became the easternmost forming tropical cyclone in the Atlantic basin on record, developing over", "title": "1973 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "14709272", "text": "Hurricane Edith (1963) Hurricane Edith brought flooding and wind damage to portions of the Greater and Lesser Antilles. The sixth tropical storm and fifth hurricane of the 1963 season, Edith developed east of the Windward Islands on September 23 from an Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) disturbance. Initially a tropical depression, it strengthened into Tropical Storm Edith the next day. Shortly thereafter, Edith reached hurricane status. Edith fluctuated between Category 1 and 2 status as it moved west-northwest. Upon reaching Category 2 intensity on September 25, the storm peaked with winds of 100 mph (155 km/h). After striking Saint Lucia on", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1963)" }, { "id": "6639317", "text": "major hurricane occurs. The few intense hurricanes in November include Hurricane \"Cuba\" in late October and early November 1932 (the strongest November hurricane on record peaking as a Category 5 hurricane), Hurricane Lenny in mid-November 1999, Hurricane Kate in late November 1985 which was the latest major hurricane formation on record until Hurricane Otto (a category 3 storm) of the 2016 hurricane season. Hurricane Paloma was a very potent category 4 storm that made landfall in Cuba in early November 2008. Although the hurricane season is defined as beginning on June 1 and ending on November 30, there have been", "title": "Atlantic hurricane" }, { "id": "3747143", "text": "Hurricane Gloria Hurricane Gloria was the first significant tropical cyclone to strike the northeastern United States since Hurricane Agnes in 1972 and the first major storm to affect New York and Long Island directly since Hurricane Donna in 1960. It was a powerful Cape Verde hurricane that formed during the 1985 Atlantic hurricane season, originating from a tropical wave on September 16 in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. After remaining a weak tropical cyclone for several days, Gloria intensified into a hurricane on September 22 north of the Lesser Antilles. During that time, the storm had moved generally westward, although it", "title": "Hurricane Gloria" }, { "id": "13662370", "text": "Hurricane Alma (1970) Hurricane Alma was one of only four Atlantic tropical cyclones to reach hurricane status in the month of May. It developed on May 17, 1970 north of Panama, and rapidly intensified on May 20 to peak winds of , near Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. It stalled south of Cuba and deteriorated due to wind shear, and by May 22 it weakened to tropical depression status. After progressing northwestward and crossing western Cuba, Alma reorganized in the Gulf of Mexico, although continued shear prevented strengthening. It moved across Florida on May 25, and on May 27 it", "title": "Hurricane Alma (1970)" }, { "id": "6622147", "text": "force winds were already present, the system was immediately declared Tropical Storm Kate, about 240 miles (385 km) northeast of San Juan, Puerto Rico. With a ridge to its north, Kate tracked westward after developing, and an upper-level low developed to the southwest of the storm. The combination of the two provided favorable outflow, allowing Kate to quickly intensify. On November 16, the storm attained hurricane status while moving through the southeastern Bahamas. After continued strengthening, Kate made landfall at 0600 UTC on November 19 over north-central Cuba with a well-defined eye. When it moved ashore, Kate had a pressure", "title": "Hurricane Kate (1985)" }, { "id": "18137722", "text": "to reach such strength since Hurricane Sandy in the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season. The storm featured a well-defined wide eye at this time. Thereafter, the hurricane made landfall at 03:15 UTC over the Shackleford Banks of North Carolina, located between Cape Lookout and Beaufort. Upon doing so, it became the earliest instance of a hurricane making landfall in the state during a calendar year, surpassing the previous record of July 11 set by an unnamed hurricane in 1901. Slight deepening of the cyclone occurred as it moved over Pamlico Sound, with its barometric pressure bottoming out at 973 mbar (hPa;", "title": "Hurricane Arthur" }, { "id": "15101433", "text": "that developed in the Gulf of Mexico on July 9 and made landfall along the US Gulf coast before dissipating over Tennessee. Hurricane Two, the strongest storm of the season, traveled across the Atlantic from Cape Verde to Newfoundland between August 20 and September 1. Hurricane Three grew from a tropical storm that formed east of the Lesser Antilles. It traveled north and developed into a hurricane, but never made landfall and was last observed on September 19. Hurricane Four also never made landfall. Growing from a tropical storm first seen south-west of the Cape Verde Islands, it traveled across", "title": "1872 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "3377681", "text": "2 and stalled offshore. A frontal wave developed the next day, steadily developing due to thermal instability. On July 4, the system organized into a tropical depression about 120 mi (195 km) southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. While in its formative stages, it dropped rainfall along the coast of the Carolinas, peaking at in Pinopolis, South Carolina. The depression tracked northeastward due to a ridge over New England, and the cyclone passed just southeast of the Outer Banks. After a Hurricane Hunters plane observed gale-force winds, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Arlene late on July 5; in", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "3364081", "text": "hurricane. It traveled 6,850 miles (11,020 km) and lasted a total of 16 days. Hurricane Joan–Miriam of 1988 and Hurricane Irene–Olivia of 1971 lasted longer, both having crossed narrow parts of Central America and regaining cyclonic motion in the Pacific. Twenty nations took part in the GATE research project in 1974, where Douglas DC-6 aircraft examined tropical waves which spawn Cape Verde hurricanes. In 2006, there was a two-month research project known as NAMMA-06 (short for NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Activities) which flew Douglas DC-8s into seedling disturbances in the eastern Atlantic which had the potential to become Cape Verde", "title": "Cape Verde hurricane" }, { "id": "5566205", "text": "four tornadoes in Alabama, three of which were F2 tornadoes. Two touched down in Baldwin County; one destroyed two homes and damaged several others, and the other destroyed two mobile homes, a few barns, and damaged ten houses. Two tornadoes also touched down in Washington County, one of which destroyed several small buildings and downed a few trees. In Florida, Edith produced slightly above-normal tides and light rain. It spawned a tornado in Pensacola, Florida, injuring one person and inflicting $25,000 in damage (1971 dollars, $125,000 in 2006 dollars). Damage throughout the United States totaled $25 million (1971 dollars, $", "title": "Hurricane Edith (1971)" }, { "id": "15853233", "text": "About 3 1/2 hours later, Tropical Storm Irene made landfall with winds in the Coney Island neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York. Following its final New York landfall, Irene moved northeast over New England while maintaining its strength, before it was declared an extratropical cyclone early on August 29, while its center was located near the New Hampshire/Vermont border. During that day, the system continued to move towards the northeast, before it was absorbed by a frontal system early on August 30. In response to the formation of Irene, tropical storm warnings were issued for all of the Leeward Islands and", "title": "Hurricane Irene" }, { "id": "3377697", "text": "injured multiple people in Baton Rouge. The tornado outbreak extended eastward into Florida. Damage in the United States totaled $25 million (1971 USD, $ USD). Hurricane Ginger was the longest lasting Atlantic hurricane on record until 2003, when the 1899 San Ciriaco hurricane was retroactively found to have lasted longer. The eighth tropical cyclone and fifth hurricane of the season, Ginger spent 27.25 days as a tropical cyclone, and lasted from September 6 to October 3. The storm developed in a large region of convection across the Gulf of Mexico and western Atlantic, and for the first nine days of", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "3747152", "text": "in the Outer Banks. After weakening further, Gloria passed just east of the Delmarva Peninsula and New Jersey and interacted with a cold front. Its strongest winds remained on the eastern edge of the circulation, and the storm was gradually losing tropical characteristics. At 1600 UTC on September 27, the hurricane made landfall with a broad and poorly defined center between John F. Kennedy International Airport and Islip, New York, with winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) on western Long Island. This was only about three days after Henri struck the same general area as a much weaker tropical storm.", "title": "Hurricane Gloria" }, { "id": "12562196", "text": "Hawaii from 2-8 August. Lillian became post-tropical shortly before making landfall on September 29 with winds of 50 mph. Mona, the final storm of the season made landfall around about the same area as Lillian did with winds of 85 mph. Timeline of activity in the 1963 Pacific hurricane season Hurricane Emily formed on June 29 while moving west. It then turned to the north and dissipated over the mountainous regions of Mexico. Hurricane Florence followed nearly a due west track as it persisted to move away from land and eventually weakened and dissipated without any affect on a landmass.", "title": "1963 Pacific hurricane season" }, { "id": "3395905", "text": "(1978 USD) in damage. Tropical Storm Bess and Hurricane Cora resulted in only minor land impacts, while the latter was attributed to one fatality. Later in August, Tropical Storm Debra produced widespread effects, though damage was also relatively minor. Hurricane Ella became the northernmost Category 4 hurricane while located at 38°N, and lashed the East Coast of the United States and Atlantic Canada with gusty winds and rip currents. Hurricanes Flossie and Kendra as well as Tropical Storms Hope, Irma, and Juliet caused minimal land impacts as a tropical cyclone. However, the precursor to Hurricane Kendra caused flooding in Puerto", "title": "1978 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "6484214", "text": "Olivia continued north into California, where they brought rain. Priscilla made landfall south of Mazatlán as a tropical storm. It had weakened significantly before landfall, having once been a strong Category 3 hurricane. Priscilla destroyed roughly 36,000 acres of corn, tomatoes, peppers, bananas, and cotton, resulting in $3.12 million in losses. Heavy rains inundated 30 towns in Nayarit, damaging roads and two major thoroughfares; road damage totaled $544,000. Ramona formed on October 28, it quickly strengthened into a tropical storm. It later weakened back to a tropical depression. Before dissipation, it made a sharp turn to the north-northeast. It had", "title": "1971 Pacific hurricane season" }, { "id": "12385796", "text": "as Gustav neared the west end of Cuba, it was upgraded to a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, with sustained winds near 125 mph (205 km/h). Gustav continued its rapid deepening trend, and three hours later, it had already reached Category 4 strength. Gustav's maximum sustained winds had reached 155 mph (250 km/h) with a minimum pressure of 941 millibars. On August 30 Gustav made landfall twice on Cuba: first, on Isla de la Juventud and then on the mainland near the community of Los Palacios in Pinar del Río Province. By the early hours of August", "title": "Hurricane Gustav" }, { "id": "1970684", "text": "Hurricane Floyd Hurricane Floyd was a very powerful Cape Verde hurricane which struck the east coast of the United States. It was the sixth named storm, fourth hurricane, and third major hurricane in the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season. Floyd triggered the fourth largest evacuation in US history (behind Hurricane Irma, Hurricane Gustav, and Hurricane Rita) when 2.6 million coastal residents of five states were ordered from their homes as it approached. The hurricane formed off the coast of Africa and lasted from September 7 to September 19, peaking in strength as a very strong Category 4 hurricane—just 2 mph short", "title": "Hurricane Floyd" }, { "id": "6667505", "text": "Nantucket. The storm crossed over eastern Cape Cod while gradually weakening, making a final landfall near Rockland, Maine, on September 26. After crossing into Canada, Esther became extratropical early on September 27 while continuing to the east-northeast. It was last noted at 06:00 UTC that day while over eastern Quebec. While Esther was becoming a powerful hurricane over the open Atlantic, the San Juan Weather Bureau office issued a small craft advisory for the Leeward Islands, United States Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Because of uncertainty about the storm's future path, the Weather Bureau advised residents", "title": "Hurricane Esther" }, { "id": "12046793", "text": "1967 Pacific hurricane season The 1967 Pacific hurricane season started on June 1 and ended on November 30, 1967. The season was of little note except for Hurricanes Katrina and Olivia. Katrina made landfall on the Baja Peninsula, killing at least 60 and made 2,500 homeless. Olivia made landfall on the eastern side of the Baja Peninsula as a major hurricane—only one of two storms ever to do so. Hurricane/Typhoon Sarah formed in the Central Pacific and reached category 1 strength before crossing over to the Western Pacific. On May 18, the first tropical depression of the season formed. It", "title": "1967 Pacific hurricane season" }, { "id": "4043109", "text": "trees, as well as destroying widespread apple groves and corn fields. It became the costliest natural disaster in the state's history, only to be surpassed by Hurricane Edna ten days later. Across New England, the hurricane destroyed about 4,000 homes, 3,500 cars, and 3,000 boats. Damage totaled $460 million, and there were 60 deaths. In neighboring Canada, high rains caused flooding while strong winds downed trees and power lines. A tropical wave spawned a tropical depression on August 31 to the northwest of Puerto Rico. It moved rapidly north-northwestward, intensifying into Tropical Storm Dolly later that day and into a", "title": "1954 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "3377706", "text": "an approaching cold front produced cooler, drier air over the storm. Kristy intensified slightly further to peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) before becoming indistinguishable from the cold front. By October 21 it transitioned into an extratropical cyclone before dissipating near the Azores. The final storm of the season, Laura, formed on November 12 in the western Caribbean Sea, and reached winds of 70 mph (120 km/h) as it approached western Cuba. Across the island, the storm produced heavy rainfall, peaking at 32.5 in (830 mm). The resulting flooding killed one person and caused crop damage, and also forced", "title": "1971 Atlantic hurricane season" }, { "id": "3754132", "text": "weakened as it accelerated safely to the west of Bermuda. As a Category 1 hurricane, Luis made landfall on Newfoundland before it became extratropical on September 11. Luis caused catastrophic damage in Barbuda, St. Barthelemy, St Martin and Anguilla as a Category 4 with winds between 130 mph (210 km/h) and 135 mph (217 km/h). The storm accounted for 19 deaths, left between 20,000 and 50,000 homeless (mostly in Antigua, Barbuda, Anguilla and Saint Martin) and caused roughly $3 billion (1995 USD) in damage across the affected areas. Hurricane Luis was the most devastating hurricane to strike the northern Leeward", "title": "Hurricane Luis" }, { "id": "14338590", "text": "at $200 million (1976 USD). It was the second storm to strike Mexico within a week; Hurricane Liza was the first. When Madeline was over the ocean, it impacted several ships, but no major damage from these ships was reported. Hurricane Madeline (1976) Hurricane Madeline was a Category 4 hurricane that made landfall in Mexico in October 1976. Madeline formed on September 29, not far from Central America. The next day, the circulation dissipated, and as a result weakened to a remnant low. Four days later, on October 3, the low regenerated into a tropical depression. The system remained weak", "title": "Hurricane Madeline (1976)" }, { "id": "19854277", "text": "Reserve in southeastern Nicaragua, roughly northwest of the Nicaragua–Costa Rica border at peak intensity. This marked the southernmost landfall of a hurricane in Central America since reliable records began, eclipsing Hurricane Irene–Olivia of 1971 by . After landfall, Otto's structure remained well-organized as it moved roughly parallel to the Costa Rica-Nicaraguan border, although cloud tops warmed, indicating diminishing convection. Despite moving over land, the hurricane's eye remained well-defined and intact as it traversed Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Otto was the first Atlantic hurricane on record to have its eye cross over Costa Rica, and the first hurricane-force system to traverse", "title": "Hurricane Otto" }, { "id": "3349379", "text": "and for two days drifted toward Atlantic Canada before dissipating. The storm was added to the Atlantic hurricane database in 2016. A tropical wave was tracked east of the Lesser Antilles in mid-August. At 1530 UTC on August 17, a reconnaissance aircraft reported a weak center and winds of 35 mph (55 km/h). Less than three hours later, a tropical depression developed while located east of the Windward Islands. The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Edith early on August 18. The storm moved west-northwestward at a relatively quick pace, striking Dominica with winds peak winds of 60 mph (95 km/h)", "title": "1959 Atlantic hurricane season" } ]	where did hurricane edith make landfall in 1971
[ "Oregon Ducks" ]	[ { "id": "17338746", "text": "NCAA Division I Men's Tennis Championship The NCAA Division I Men's Tennis Championship is an annual men's college tennis national collegiate championship sponsored by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for teams in Division I. The tournament crowns a team, individual, and doubles champion . The first intercollegiate championship was held in 1883, 23 years before the founding of the NCAA, with Harvard's Joseph Clark taking the singles title. The same year Clark partnered to Howard Taylor to win the doubles title. The first NCAA-sponsored tournament was held in 1946. In 1963, the NCAA began to organize separate tournaments for", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Tennis Championship" }, { "id": "2753271", "text": "to become the first ever #15 seed to advance to the Sweet Sixteen. The term was popularized as a result of City College of New York's successful run in the 1950 tournament. NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, also known and branded as NCAA March Madness, is a single-elimination tournament played each spring in the United States, currently featuring 68 college basketball teams from the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), to determine the national championship. The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches,", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "2753174", "text": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, also known and branded as NCAA March Madness, is a single-elimination tournament played each spring in the United States, currently featuring 68 college basketball teams from the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), to determine the national championship. The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches, and was the idea of The Ohio State University coach Harold Olsen. Played mostly during March, it has become one of the most famous annual sporting events in the United States. The", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "42551", "text": "body would change its name to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The first Canadian interuniversity basketball game was played at the YMCA in Kingston, Ontario on February 6, 1904, when McGill University—Naismith's alma mater—visited Queen's University. McGill won 9–7 in overtime; the score was 7–7 at the end of regulation play, and a ten-minute overtime period settled the outcome. A good turnout of spectators watched the game. The first men's national championship tournament, the National Association of Intercollegiate Basketball tournament, which still exists as the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) tournament, was organized in 1937. The first national", "title": "Basketball" }, { "id": "2753179", "text": "when the tournament expanded to 64 teams, Duke has won five championships; North Carolina and Connecticut have each won four; Kentucky & Villanova have three; Kansas & Florida have two; and UCLA, Indiana, Michigan State, and Louisville have one. During that time Villanova, Michigan, UNLV, Duke, Arkansas, Arizona, Connecticut, Maryland, Syracuse, and Florida all won their first championships. The NCAA has changed the tournament format several times since its inception, most often representing an increase of the number of teams. This section describes the tournament as it has operated since 2011. A total of 68 teams qualify for the tournament", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "19672589", "text": "1939 NCAA Golf Championship The 1939 NCAA Golf Championship was the first annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf in the United States. The tournament was held at the Wakonda Country Club in Des Moines, Iowa. Stanford captured in the inaugural team championship and Vincent D'Antoni, from Tulane, won the individual title. The Indians were coached by Eddie Twiggs. The Indians had also won the last collegiate golf championship, held at Oakmont Country Club in 1938, before the beginning of NCAA sponsorship. Sid Richardson of Northwestern, with a score of 144,", "title": "1939 NCAA Golf Championship" }, { "id": "19672590", "text": "was named the tournament's medalist. 1939 NCAA Golf Championship The 1939 NCAA Golf Championship was the first annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf in the United States. The tournament was held at the Wakonda Country Club in Des Moines, Iowa. Stanford captured in the inaugural team championship and Vincent D'Antoni, from Tulane, won the individual title. The Indians were coached by Eddie Twiggs. The Indians had also won the last collegiate golf championship, held at Oakmont Country Club in 1938, before the beginning of NCAA sponsorship. Sid Richardson of Northwestern,", "title": "1939 NCAA Golf Championship" }, { "id": "14822171", "text": "1956–57 NCAA University Division men's basketball season The top 20 from the AP Poll during the pre-season. Frank McGuire brought the ACC its first National Championship as his undefeated North Carolina Tar Heels defeated Wilt Chamberlain and the Kansas Jayhawks in what is considered one of the best games in NCAA history – a 54–53 triple–overtime thriller. Chamberlain was named tournament Most Outstanding Player. Played at Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri Bradley won its first NIT title, defeating Memphis State in a one-point contest. Memphis State's Win Wilfong won the MVP in a losing cause as he poured in", "title": "1956–57 NCAA University Division men's basketball season" }, { "id": "8961112", "text": "top eight football schools from the conference—Maryland, Duke, UNC, Virginia, South Carolina, Clemson, Wake Forest, and NC State—left to form the Atlantic Coast Conference. NC State's first ACC contest was on the road against Wake Forest in December 1953. The Wolfpack was ranked #8 in the nation at the time, but just as in the first ever meeting between the two schools, Wake Forest prevailed. Case and his squad defeated the Demon Deacons later that season in the first-ever ACC Tournament championship game, 82–80 in overtime. The victory meant a return trip to the NCAA Tournament, where NC State defeated", "title": "NC State Wolfpack men's basketball" }, { "id": "2854867", "text": "NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament The NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament, sometimes known as the College Cup, is an American intercollegiate soccer tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I men's national champion. The tournament has been formally held since 1959, when it was an eight-team tournament. Since then, the tournament has expanded to 48 teams, in which every Division I conference tournament champion is allocated a berth. Among the most successful programs, Saint Louis won 10 titles during dynasty years between 1959 and 1973. Indiana has won 8 titles beginning in", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament" }, { "id": "1917174", "text": "of Track Town, USA to Eugene. Created in 1893, the football team played its first game in 1894 and won its first Rose Bowl in 1917 against the University of Pennsylvania. The 1938–39 men's basketball team, nicknamed the \"Tall Firs,\" won the first-ever NCAA basketball tournament by defeating Ohio State in the March 28, 1939 championship game. Originally recognized as an official sport at the university in 1908, baseball was disbanded in 1981 due to concerns with Title IX. In 2007, the athletic director Patrick Kilkenny announced plans to reinstate baseball and to drop wrestling while adding women's acrobatics &", "title": "University of Oregon" }, { "id": "4706462", "text": "1999. Alejandro Cañizares of Spain won in 2003, followed by James Lepp (2005) and Matt Hill (2009), both from Canada, and Thomas Pieters of Belgium in 2012. The Intercollegiate Golf Association (later named the National Intercollegiate Golf Association (NIGA)) sponsored the annual tournament and awarded titles from 1897 through 1938. In 1939, the NCAA assumed tournament sponsorship and began awarding championship titles. Schools are listed by their current names, which do not necessarily match those used when schools won their titles. The following men have won more than one individual championship: The following schools have produced more than one individual", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championships" }, { "id": "15295454", "text": "27, 1951. On March 26, 1952 the KU men's basketball team won its first NCAA National Championship over St. John's, coached by Forrest Clare \"Phog\" Allen. Clyde Lovellette of Kansas was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player, and is still the only player to lead the nation in scoring and lead his team to a national title in the same year. In 1954, the debate team won their first National Debate Tournament. In one of the most cherished occasions in KU history, Allen Fieldhouse dedicated on March 1, 1955. The KU basketball team would go on to win its only", "title": "History of the University of Kansas" }, { "id": "16921374", "text": "1971 NCAA Soccer Tournament The 1971 NCAA Men's Soccer Tournament was the thirteenth organized men's college soccer tournament by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to determine the top college soccer team in the United States. The Howard Bison won their first national title by defeating the two-time defending champion Saint Louis Billikens in the championship game, 3–2. The final match was played on December 30, 1971, in Miami, Florida, at the Miami Orange Bowl. Howard's championship would later be vacated by the NCAA on disputed grounds of player eligibility. This was the final championship before the establishment of separate championships", "title": "1971 NCAA Soccer Tournament" }, { "id": "13337158", "text": "possession change. The Chieftains were ahead 84–81. Globetrotter owner Abe Saperstein was so upset that he canceled the rest of the Trotters benefit schedule that year. Beginning in 1951–52, the following rules change was implemented: The final regular-season top 20 from the AP and Coaches Polls. Phog Allen led the Kansas Jayhawks to their first NCAA Tournament title, defeating St. John's 80–63. Jayhawk All-American Clyde Lovellette broke the NCAA record by scoring 141 points in the tournament and was named tournament Most Outstanding Player. La Salle won the National Invitation Tournament by beating Dayton, 75–64. Tom Gola and Norm Grekin", "title": "1951–52 NCAA men's basketball season" }, { "id": "3364452", "text": "national collegiate championship was the NAIA in 1937, although it was quickly surpassed in prestige by the National Invitation Tournament, or NIT, which brought six teams to New York's Madison Square Garden in the spring of 1938. Temple defeated Colorado in the first NIT tournament championship game, 60–36. In 1939, another national tournament was implemented by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The location of the NCAA Tournament varied from year to year, and it soon used multiple locations each year, so more fans could see games without traveling to New York. Although the NIT was created earlier and was", "title": "College basketball" }, { "id": "3367613", "text": "NCAA Men's Tennis Championship The NCAA Men's Tennis Championships are separate tournaments held to crown team, individual, and doubles champion in American college tennis. The first intercollegiate championship was held in 1883, 23 years before the founding of the NCAA, with Harvard's Joseph Clark taking the singles title. The same year Clark partnered to Howard Taylor to win the doubles title. Since 1963, the NCAA organizes separate tournaments for Division I and II. A tournament for Division III was added in 1973. However, after 1995, the NCAA no longer holds a Division II tournament. From 1946–1976, players' individual performances were", "title": "NCAA Men's Tennis Championship" }, { "id": "16921376", "text": "ruling. 1971 NCAA Soccer Tournament The 1971 NCAA Men's Soccer Tournament was the thirteenth organized men's college soccer tournament by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to determine the top college soccer team in the United States. The Howard Bison won their first national title by defeating the two-time defending champion Saint Louis Billikens in the championship game, 3–2. The final match was played on December 30, 1971, in Miami, Florida, at the Miami Orange Bowl. Howard's championship would later be vacated by the NCAA on disputed grounds of player eligibility. This was the final championship before the establishment of separate", "title": "1971 NCAA Soccer Tournament" }, { "id": "15512938", "text": "1955–56 NCAA men's basketball season Beginning in 1955–56, the following rules changes were implemented: The top 20 from the AP Poll during the pre-season. Coach Phil Woolpert and his star Bill Russell successfully guided San Francisco to its second consecutive championship, capping an undefeated season. The Dons became the first team in college basketball history to go undefeated and win the NCAA tournament. Temple's Hal Lear was named tournament Most Outstanding Player. Played at McGaw Hall in Evanston, Illinois Louisville won its first NIT title, defeating Dayton 83–80. Louisville's Charlie Tyra won MVP honors Played at Madison Square Garden in", "title": "1955–56 NCAA men's basketball season" }, { "id": "14694846", "text": "Bobby Anet Charles Robert Anet (August 11, 1917 – July 25, 1981) was a college basketball guard who helped guide the University of Oregon to win the inaugural NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament championship in 1938–39. Aside from scoring 10 points in the 46–33 win over Ohio State in the title game, Anet is most remembered for breaking the championship game trophy when he accidentally knocked it over while diving for a loose ball during the course of play. The damaged trophy contributed to the NCAA's overall loss of $2,531 on the tournament—the only deficit that the event has", "title": "Bobby Anet" }, { "id": "3367615", "text": "championship sponsored by NCAA\" NCAA Men's Tennis Championship The NCAA Men's Tennis Championships are separate tournaments held to crown team, individual, and doubles champion in American college tennis. The first intercollegiate championship was held in 1883, 23 years before the founding of the NCAA, with Harvard's Joseph Clark taking the singles title. The same year Clark partnered to Howard Taylor to win the doubles title. Since 1963, the NCAA organizes separate tournaments for Division I and II. A tournament for Division III was added in 1973. However, after 1995, the NCAA no longer holds a Division II tournament. From 1946–1976,", "title": "NCAA Men's Tennis Championship" }, { "id": "3236611", "text": "its earliest program established by New York University in 1877. The first intercollegiate tournament was held in 1881 featuring four teams: New York University, Princeton University, Columbia University, and Harvard University. This tournament was won by Harvard. The United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (USILA) was created in 1885, and awarded the inaugural Wingate Memorial Trophy to the University of Maryland as national champions in 1936. The award was presented to the team (or teams) with the best record until the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) instituted a playoff system in 1971. The NCAA sponsored its premier Men's Lacrosse Championship with", "title": "Field lacrosse" }, { "id": "13210709", "text": "Miami-Florida, Denver, St. Francis, Wichita State, Colorado, Cal, CCNY, Long Island Univ., South Carolina and St. Louis. His 1954–55 team was second in the Mid-American Conference, but was denied a berth in the NIT by the league in the wake of the cheating scandals in New York and other college spots in the early 1950s. Henderson's first basketball All-American, Jule Rivlin, coached the 1955–56 Herd to its only MAC title and first-ever NCAA Tournament. Rivlin's 1958 Herd led the nation in scoring, with Hal Greer and Leo Byrd, scoring 88.1 points per game and topping the Jerry West-led Mountaineers of", "title": "Marshall Thundering Herd men's basketball" }, { "id": "15512939", "text": "New York City <br> 1955–56 NCAA men's basketball season Beginning in 1955–56, the following rules changes were implemented: The top 20 from the AP Poll during the pre-season. Coach Phil Woolpert and his star Bill Russell successfully guided San Francisco to its second consecutive championship, capping an undefeated season. The Dons became the first team in college basketball history to go undefeated and win the NCAA tournament. Temple's Hal Lear was named tournament Most Outstanding Player. Played at McGaw Hall in Evanston, Illinois Louisville won its first NIT title, defeating Dayton 83–80. Louisville's Charlie Tyra won MVP honors Played at", "title": "1955–56 NCAA men's basketball season" }, { "id": "9256994", "text": "In 1953, North Carolina split from the Southern Conference and became a founding member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The Tar Heels won their first NCAA Championship in 1957 under fifth year head coach Frank McGuire, who led an undefeated 32-0 squad dominated by Lennie Rosenbluth and several other transplants from the New York City area to a 54-53 triple overtime victory over Wilt Chamberlain's Kansas Jayhawks. C.D. Chesley, a Washington, D.C. television producer, piped the 1957 championship game in Kansas City to a hastily created network of five stations across North Carolina—the ancestor to the current syndicated ACC football", "title": "North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball" }, { "id": "16922933", "text": "1964 NCAA Soccer Tournament The 1964 NCAA Men's Soccer Tournament was the sixth organized men's college soccer tournament by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to determine the top college soccer team in the United States. The Navy Midshipmen, in their second straight title game appearance, won their first title, defeating the Michigan State Spartans 1–0 in the final on December 5, 1964. In the title game, all-time lacrosse Hall of Famer Jimmy Lewis scored the game's only goal. This tournament featured 15 teams, a drop down from 16 teams the previous year. The tournament final was played in Providence, Rhode", "title": "1964 NCAA Soccer Tournament" }, { "id": "11719580", "text": "tournament has given it the nickname \"college basketball's toughest tournament\". It began when Dr. James Naismith, Emil S. Liston, Frank Cramer, and local leaders formed the National College Basketball Tournament, which was staged at Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri. The goal of the tournament was to establish a forum for small colleges and universities to determine a national basketball champion. The first championship game featured Central Missouri State University defeating Morningside College (Iowa) 35–24. It is also the lowest scoring championship game in tournament history. Many of the records set by the 1937 tournament have been broken, and many", "title": "1937 NAIA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "9737953", "text": "1949 College Player of the Year. Other notable players from the Severance era include Joe Lord, Larry Hennessy, Bob Schafer and George Raveling. Coincidentally, Severance died on April 1, 1985, which was the same day that Villanova upset Georgetown University and Patrick Ewing to take the NCAA basketball championship. The inaugural NCAA Tournament featured eight teams from throughout the country. Villanova, representing the Middle Atlantic States, beat Brown, representative of the New England States, 43–40 before a crowd of 3,500 at the Palestra. The following night, the Wildcats lost to Ohio State 53–36 in the Eastern Division Championship. Jack Kraft", "title": "Villanova Wildcats men's basketball" }, { "id": "9201049", "text": "entire tournament was worth $545 million. Game of the Century (college basketball) The Game of the Century in college basketball was a historic NCAA game between the University of Houston Cougars and the UCLA Bruins played on January 20, 1968, at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas. It was the first NCAA regular season game broadcast nationwide in prime time. It established college basketball as a sports commodity on television and paved the way for the modern \"March Madness\" television coverage. The UCLA Bruins were the dominant NCAA men's basketball program of the era, winning NCAA titles in 1964, 1965, and", "title": "Game of the Century (college basketball)" }, { "id": "16922934", "text": "Island. 1964 NCAA Soccer Tournament The 1964 NCAA Men's Soccer Tournament was the sixth organized men's college soccer tournament by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to determine the top college soccer team in the United States. The Navy Midshipmen, in their second straight title game appearance, won their first title, defeating the Michigan State Spartans 1–0 in the final on December 5, 1964. In the title game, all-time lacrosse Hall of Famer Jimmy Lewis scored the game's only goal. This tournament featured 15 teams, a drop down from 16 teams the previous year. The tournament final was played in Providence,", "title": "1964 NCAA Soccer Tournament" }, { "id": "12004309", "text": "taken over oversight of basketball activity from the YMCA. In April 1905, representatives of fifteen colleges separately took over control of the college game, creating the collegiate \"Basket Ball Rule Committee.\" The Committee was in turn absorbed into the predecessor of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in 1909. The extremely popular NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament was started in 1939. After its arrival in Europe, basketball developed very quickly. In 1909 the first international match was held in Saint Petersburg: Mayak Saint Petersburg beat a YMCA American team. The first great European event was held in 1919 in Joinville-le-Pont, near", "title": "History of basketball" }, { "id": "7361266", "text": "The other two conferences were the Ivy League and the Big Ten Conference. The modern tournament format began in 1987. The first incarnation of the tournament ran from 1987 to 1990, hosted at different school sites. UCLA was awarded the inaugural tournament, which was won by the Bruins. The Arizona Wildcats would take the next three. It was dropped after 1990 upon opposition from coaches, poor revenue, and poor attendance. The Pac-10 went back to having the regular season conference champion get awarded the automatic NCAA tournament bid for the 1990–2001 seasons. During that time Arizona and UCLA both won", "title": "Pac-12 Conference Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "20110827", "text": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game was the final game of the single-elimination tournament to determine the men's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college basketball national champion for the 2017–18 season. The game was played on April 2, 2018, at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas, between the Michigan Wolverines and the Villanova Wildcats. Michigan last won the NCAA championship in 1989, while Villanova won the championship in 2016. Villanova defeated Michigan, 79–62. Donte DiVincenzo, a reserve player, scored 31 points for Villanova, and was named the", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "3364453", "text": "more prestigious than the NCAA for many years, it ultimately lost popularity and status to the NCAA Tournament. In 1950, following a double win by the 1949–50 CCNY Beavers men's basketball team (when the NIT comprised 12 and the NCAA 8 teams), the NCAA ruled that no team could compete in both tournaments, and effectively indicated that a team eligible for the NCAA tournament should play in it. Not long afterward, assisted by the 1951 scandals based in New York City, the NCAA tournament had become more prestigious than before, with conference champions and the majority of top-ranked teams competing", "title": "College basketball" }, { "id": "9201039", "text": "Game of the Century (college basketball) The Game of the Century in college basketball was a historic NCAA game between the University of Houston Cougars and the UCLA Bruins played on January 20, 1968, at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas. It was the first NCAA regular season game broadcast nationwide in prime time. It established college basketball as a sports commodity on television and paved the way for the modern \"March Madness\" television coverage. The UCLA Bruins were the dominant NCAA men's basketball program of the era, winning NCAA titles in 1964, 1965, and 1967. Houston Cougars coach Guy Lewis", "title": "Game of the Century (college basketball)" }, { "id": "14822172", "text": "89 points in the Tigers' four games, including 31 in the final. Played at Madison Square Garden in New York City <br> 1956–57 NCAA University Division men's basketball season The top 20 from the AP Poll during the pre-season. Frank McGuire brought the ACC its first National Championship as his undefeated North Carolina Tar Heels defeated Wilt Chamberlain and the Kansas Jayhawks in what is considered one of the best games in NCAA history – a 54–53 triple–overtime thriller. Chamberlain was named tournament Most Outstanding Player. Played at Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri Bradley won its first NIT title,", "title": "1956–57 NCAA University Division men's basketball season" }, { "id": "20847154", "text": "1939 NCAA Basketball Championship Game The 1939 NCAA Basketball Championship Game was the final of the 1939 NCAA Basketball Tournament and the first NCAA Tournament title game. The contest was held on March 27, 1939, at Patten Gymnasium in Evanston, Illinois, and determined the national champion in the 1938–39 NCAA men's basketball season. The Ohio State Buckeyes, the champions of the Big Ten Conference, faced the Oregon Webfoots, winners of the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC). Oregon won the game, 46–33, to claim the school's only national championship in men's college basketball. The inaugural National Invitation Tournament (NIT) was held in", "title": "1939 NCAA Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "10560995", "text": "was being planned; Jacques Lipchitz's \"Song of the Vowels\" was the first object acquired in 1965, for $75,000 raised by Regent Norton Simon and the UCLA Art Council. In 1964, Coach John Wooden won the first of what would become a nearly uninterrupted series of 10 NCAA basketball championships before he eventually retired in 1975. Tommy Prothro coached the Bruin football team to its first Rose Bowl victory, against Michigan State, in 1966. Quarterback Gary Beban became the first UCLA player to win the Heisman Trophy in 1967. More national championships were won in tennis (1965), track (1966), and volleyball", "title": "History of the University of California, Los Angeles" }, { "id": "20263274", "text": "basket by Vic Rouse with one second left. The Ramblers earned their first championship in men's college basketball. The 1962–63 Bearcats were coached by Ed Jucker, who was in his third season on the job. In the previous two seasons, Cincinnati won the national championship, defeating Ohio State in the 1961 and 1962 national championship games. The Bearcats were attempting to become the first program ever to win the NCAA Tournament for a third consecutive year. They began the season as the number-one ranked team in the AP Poll. Their first game was a 97–39 win over DePauw on December", "title": "1963 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "13363704", "text": "Navy was the recipient of one of these in 1928, alongside Johns Hopkins, Maryland, and Rutgers — each of which had only one regular-season collegiate defeat. From 1936 through 1970, the USILA awarded the Wingate Memorial Trophy to the annual champion, based on regular-season records. In 1971, the NCAA began hosting an annual men's tournament to determine the national champion. The Wingate Memorial Trophy was presented to the first two NCAA Division I champions (1971 and 1972) and was then retired. The Lt. Donald MacLaughlin Jr. Award — also known as the \"Don MacLaughlin Award\" — has been given annually", "title": "Navy Midshipmen men's lacrosse" }, { "id": "7357196", "text": "1953 NCAA Basketball Tournament The 1953 NCAA Basketball Tournament involved 22 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 10, 1953, and ended with the championship game on March 18 in Kansas City, Missouri. A total of 26 games were played, including a third place game in each region and a national third place game. Indiana, coached by Branch McCracken, won the tournament title with a 69–68 victory in the final game over Kansas, coached by Phog Allen. B. H. Born of Kansas was named the tournament's", "title": "1953 NCAA Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "3364450", "text": "spread to colleges across the country. The Amateur Athletic Union's annual U.S. national championship tournament (first played in 1898) often featured collegiate teams playing against non-college teams. Four colleges won the AAU tournament championship: Utah (1916), NYU (1920), Butler (1924) and Washburn (1925). College teams were also runners-up in 1915, 1917, 1920, 1921, 1932 and 1934. The first known tournament featuring exclusively college teams was the 1904 Summer Olympics, where basketball was a demonstration sport, and a collegiate championship tournament was held. The Olympic title was won by Hiram College. In March 1908, a two-game \"championship series\" was organized between", "title": "College basketball" }, { "id": "2753212", "text": "the nation during 1971; and Maryland, which was ranked #3 in the nation in 1974 but lost the ACC tournament championship game to eventual national champion North Carolina State), the NCAA began to place at-large teams in the tournament, instead of just conference champions. At times during the pre-at-large era, the NIT tournament competed for prestige with the NCAA tournament. However, in the 1950s the NCAA ruled that no team could compete in both tournaments. But when 8th ranked Marquette declined its invitation in 1970 after coach Al McGuire complained about the Warriors' regional placement and instead went to the", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "3851187", "text": "U.S. in 1869 between Rutgers University and Princeton was contested, at Rutgers captain John W. Leggett's request, with rules mixing soccer and rugby and loosely based on those of the Football Association in London, England. However most sports historians argue that this was actually the first-ever college \"gridiron\" football season in history. But that perception is changing, with Harvard being recognized as a pioneer in gridiron football, along with McGill, Tufts, and Yale. The NCAA first began holding a men's national soccer championship in 1959. Prior to 1959, the men's national champion had been determined by a national poll instead", "title": "College soccer" }, { "id": "2832540", "text": "on African-American players. The following year, Coach Wooden brought the first African-American student athlete (Clarence Walker) to play at the national tournament. Walker, a vital role player helped the Sycamores finish as the NAIA National Finalist. In 1957, Tennessee State would become the first historically black college to win a national championship, and the first team to win three consecutive tournaments. As of 2017, Kentucky State is the only other school to do so (1970, 1971, 1972).Oklahoma City University holds the record for the most tournament championships with 6. OKCU also holds the record for most national championship titles in", "title": "NAIA Men's Basketball Championships" }, { "id": "4706461", "text": "competition changed to a stroke play/match play competition with the top 8 teams after 54 holes of stroke play being seeded and concluding with an 8-team match play playoff. There is also an award for the lowest scoring individual competitor. Many individual winners have gone on to have successful careers on the PGA Tour, including 1961 champion Jack Nicklaus, 1967 champion Hale Irwin, 1996 champion Tiger Woods, and three-time champions Ben Crenshaw and Phil Mickelson. Americans had captured all of the titles from the tournament's inception, until James McLean of Australia won in 1998. Luke Donald of England won in", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championships" }, { "id": "16920694", "text": "1967 NCAA Soccer Tournament The 1967 NCAA Men's Soccer Tournament was the ninth organized men's college soccer tournament by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to determine the top college soccer team in the United States. The Michigan State Spartans and the Saint Louis Billikens were co-national champions after the championship game was called due to inclement weather while the game was tied 0–0. This was Michigan State's first and Saint Louis' sixth title. The final match was played on December 2, 1967, in St. Louis, Missouri. The most outstanding offensive player of the tournament was Ernie Tuchscherer of Michigan State.", "title": "1967 NCAA Soccer Tournament" }, { "id": "16920695", "text": "1967 NCAA Soccer Tournament The 1967 NCAA Men's Soccer Tournament was the ninth organized men's college soccer tournament by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to determine the top college soccer team in the United States. The Michigan State Spartans and the Saint Louis Billikens were co-national champions after the championship game was called due to inclement weather while the game was tied 0–0. This was Michigan State's first and Saint Louis' sixth title. The final match was played on December 2, 1967, in St. Louis, Missouri. The most outstanding offensive player of the tournament was Ernie Tuchscherer of Michigan State.", "title": "1967 NCAA Soccer Tournament" }, { "id": "9928441", "text": "2002–03 season, led by freshmen Carmelo Anthony, Gerry McNamara and sophomore Hakim Warrick, the Orangemen won their first NCAA Tournament Championship with an 81–78 defeat of the University of Kansas in the final. Anthony was named NCAA Basketball Tournament Most Outstanding Player. Anthony left for the NBA Draft after the school year, but McNamara and Warrick stayed on, leading the team to NCAA bids in 2004 and 2005. The latter season saw Syracuse introduce a new nickname, dropping \"Orangemen\" and \"Orangewomen\" in favor of \"Orange\". In 2006, McNamara would lead the Orange to an extremely unexpected Big East Championship victory,", "title": "Syracuse Orange men's basketball" }, { "id": "15177807", "text": "1919–20 NCAA men's basketball season This seasons predates the creation of the NIT (1938) and the NCAA tournament (1939). Penn defeated Chicago in a national championship playoff, 2 games to 1 (24-28, 29-18, 23-21). The Helms Athletic Foundation retroactively nominated Pennsylvania as the best team of the year. NYU won the post-season Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) national championship tournament by defeating Rutgers, 49-24. NYU was led by the Helms Athletic Foundation's Player of the Year, Howard Cann. The first official college basketball poll appeared during the 1948–49 season. St. Bonaventure University accounting professor Patrick M. Premo and computer programmer Phil", "title": "1919–20 NCAA men's basketball season" }, { "id": "11076089", "text": "much debate upon its opening, due to its unconventional and artistic design. Designer Tinker Hatfield's idea was to pay tribute to the 1939 national championship team, nicknamed \"The Tall Firs\", by creating silhouetted firs around the edges of the court. Matthew Knight Arena opened its doors for the first time on January 13, 2011, with the Ducks defeating the University of Southern California 68–62. The Ducks have appeared in 15 NCAA Tournaments. They won the inaugural NCAA tournament in 1939, winning the National Championship vs. Ohio State. Their combined record is 23–14. \"The NCAA began seeding the tournament with the", "title": "Oregon Ducks men's basketball" }, { "id": "17747584", "text": "NCAA Division III Football Championship playoffs were the first single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division III college football. The inaugural edition had only four teams (in comparison with the 32 teams competing as of 2014). The championship game was held at Garrett-Harrison Stadium in Phenix City, Alabama. The Wittenberg Tigers defeated the Juniata College Eagles, 41-0, to win their first national title. 1973 NCAA Division III football season The 1973 NCAA Division III football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division III level,", "title": "1973 NCAA Division III football season" }, { "id": "2753196", "text": "were still independents, with several of these, including Marquette, being traditional basketball powers. (Marquette is now a member of the Big East Conference, the one non-football league that is universally considered a major basketball conference.) The last time, as of the present day, a mid-major team from a small media market (defined as a market out of the top 25 television markets in the United States in 2018) won the National Championship was arguably 1962 when Cincinnati, then in the MVC, won 71–59 over Ohio State of the Big Ten, since Cincinnati's TV market is listed 35th in the nation", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "213405", "text": "in postseason play and the program's ninth consecutive season with 20 victories, a school record. In 2013, James Madison University's Men's Basketball team won the CAA championship title for the first time since 1994. The Dukes then won their first NCAA tournament game in 30 years, defeating Long Island University-Brooklyn. The Dukes fell to Indiana in the second round, 83-62, finishing the season with a 21–15 record. James Madison University is home to the John C. Wells Planetarium. The planetarium first opened at JMU in 1956 under the direction of Dr. John C. Wells, head of the Physics Department. The", "title": "James Madison University" }, { "id": "5839022", "text": "sign still can be seen on top of the building. When the Helms Foundation dissolved, its historical holdings were absorbed into the collection of the Amateur Athletic Foundation, renamed the LA84 Foundation in 2007. From 1939, when the NCAA Tournament started, the Helms and NCAA Division I champions were the same, except for 1939, 1940, 1944, and 1954 when Oregon, Indiana, Utah, and La Salle respectively won the tournament. Some schools claim a Helms nomination as a national championship. The World Trophy, originally known as the Helms Award, was an annual sporting award established by the Helms Athletic Foundation in", "title": "Helms Athletic Foundation" }, { "id": "9928430", "text": "seasons. However, the NCAA confirmed that sanctions did not include the removal of any trophies or banners. Therefore, Syracuse claims all of its NCAA Tournaments appearances and conference titles from those years. Syracuse fielded its first varsity basketball team in 1916–17. The program rose to national prominence early in its history, being recognized by the Helms Athletic Foundation as national champions for 1918 (under Coach Edmund Dollard) and 1926. The program made National Invitation Tournament appearances in 1946 and 1950, won the 1951 National Campus Tournament, and made its first NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament appearance in 1957. Notable early era", "title": "Syracuse Orange men's basketball" }, { "id": "9871623", "text": "National Commissioners Invitational Tournament The National Commissioners Invitational Tournament was an eight-team postseason college men's basketball tournament run by the NCAA. It was introduced in 1974 as the Collegiate Commissioners Association Tournament. It was created because the NCAA wanted to \"kill\" the NIT, which, at that times it did not control. It only lasted two years before being discontinued after changes to the NCAA Tournament which allowed more than one team per conference to participate. The tournament was won in 1974 by Indiana over USC, 85–60, in St. Louis, Missouri. The 1974 tournament featured a collection of teams that came", "title": "National Commissioners Invitational Tournament" }, { "id": "7357249", "text": "1955 NCAA Basketball Tournament The 1955 NCAA Basketball Tournament involved 24 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 8, 1955, and ended with the championship game on March 19 in Kansas City, Missouri. A total of 28 games were played, including a third place game in each region and a national third place game. San Francisco, coached by Phil Woolpert, won the national title with a 77–63 victory in the final game over La Salle, coached by Ken Loeffler. Bill Russell of San Francisco was named", "title": "1955 NCAA Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "13197944", "text": "The Don is the home of the UTEP Miners, who are the only Division 1 Men's National Basketball Champions in the State of Texas (1966). As Texas Western, the Miners won the 1966 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. The 72–65 victory over Kentucky in College Park, Maryland is considered one of the most important in the history of college basketball, as it marked the first time that a team with five African-American starters won a title game. It came against a Kentucky team that had no African-American players, during the period of the Civil Rights Movement. The title team", "title": "UTEP Miners men's basketball" }, { "id": "20847155", "text": "1938. The following season, a second postseason college basketball tournament was founded: the NCAA Tournament, which was originally organized by the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC), although the NCAA did consider the event its basketball championship. The concept of the tournament was pitched to the association by Ohio State coach Harold Olsen. In October 1938, the NCAA announced that it approved the tournament's creation, as long as it was run by the NABC. The tournament featured an eight-team field, consisting of conference champions. The teams were divided into East and West regions. Seeking to control the amount of travel", "title": "1939 NCAA Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "3364451", "text": "the University of Chicago and Penn, with games played in Philadelphia and Bartlett, Illinois. Chicago swept both games to win the series. In March 1922, the 1922 National Intercollegiate Basketball Tournament was held in Indianapolis – the first stand-alone post-season tournament exclusively for college teams. The champions of six major conferences participated: Pacific Coast Conference, Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association, Western Pennsylvania League, Illinois Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association and Indiana Intercollegiate Athletic Association. The Western Conference and Eastern Intercollegiate League declined invitations to participate. Wabash College won the 1922 tournament. The first organization to tout a regularly occurring", "title": "College basketball" }, { "id": "13444024", "text": "1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game The 1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game took place on March 23, 1957, between the North Carolina Tar Heels and Kansas Jayhawks at the Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri. The matchup was the final one of the nineteenth edition of the single-elimination tournament now known as the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament — commonly referred to as the NCAA Tournament — organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). It was used to crown a national champion for men's basketball in the NCAA's University Division, known since 1973 as NCAA", "title": "1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "11107315", "text": "Bucknell Bison The Bucknell Bison are the athletic teams that represent Bucknell University. The program is a member of the Patriot League for most NCAA Division I sports and Division I FCS in football. Bucknell won the first Orange Bowl (26–0 over the University of Miami on January 1, 1935). It is also the alma mater of baseball pitcher Christy Mathewson who requested burial in a cemetery adjoining Bucknell's campus. In 2005, the men's basketball team went to the NCAA men's basketball tournament and became the first Patriot League team to win an NCAA tournament game, in an upset of", "title": "Bucknell Bison" }, { "id": "2386839", "text": "for the NAIA. In 2014, ESPNU began carrying the NAIA National Football Championship. In 1937, Dr. James Naismith and local leaders staged the first National College Basketball Tournament at Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City—one year before the first National Invitation Tournament and two years before the first NCAA Tournament. The goal of the tournament was to establish a forum for small colleges and universities to determine a national basketball champion. The original eight-team tournament expanded to 32 teams in 1938. On March 10, 1940, the National Association for Intercollegiate Basketball (NAIB) was formed in Kansas City, Missouri. In 1952, the", "title": "National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics" }, { "id": "3367614", "text": "awarded points which were tallied to determine the NCAA \"team\" champion. In 1977, the NCAA began a dual-match single-elimination team tournament with 16 schools to determine the team championship. Subsequently expanded to include byes for 12 teams in the first round, the team tournament adopted its current 64-team single-elimination format in 1999. For the 2016 season, in the Men's singles Championship, No. 6 Mackenzie McDonald (UCLA) def. No. 1 Mikael Torpegaard (Ohio State), 6-3, 6-3. In the Men's doubles Championship, Mackenzie McDonald–Martin Redlicki (UCLA) def. Arthur Rinderkech-Jackson Withrow (Texas A&M), 6-4, 6-1. † \"First championship sponsored by NCAA\" † \"First", "title": "NCAA Men's Tennis Championship" }, { "id": "14636688", "text": "2013, at the White House to commemorate the 50th anniversary of their victory. The entire team was inducted in November of that year in the College Basketball Hall of Fame. As of 2018, Loyola remains the only school from the state of Illinois to win a men's Division I basketball NCAA tournament. Loyola's first-round regional victory over Tennessee Tech on March 11, 1963, remains a record for margin of victory (69 points) for any NCAA men's basketball tournament game. The Loyola University Chicago teams of the early 1960s, coached by George Ireland, are thought to be responsible for ushering in", "title": "Loyola Ramblers men's basketball" }, { "id": "13313762", "text": "between 7.1 and 9.8 points per game. 1955–56 San Francisco Dons men's basketball team The 1955–56 San Francisco Dons men's basketball team represented the University of San Francisco. The Dons ended the season undefeated, becoming the first NCAA tournament champion to record a perfect season. San Francisco won two straight NCAA titles behind a punishing defense led by Bill Russell, who turned shot blocking into an art form. He was also better scorer than history gives him credit for, averaging more than 20 points in both championship seasons. In 1956, Russell had support from guard K.C. Jones and a balanced", "title": "1955–56 San Francisco Dons men's basketball team" }, { "id": "2753262", "text": "March Madness is also a registered trademark currently owned exclusively by the NCAA. H. V. Porter, an official with the Illinois High School Association (and later a member of the Basketball Hall of Fame), was the first person to use March Madness to describe a basketball tournament. Porter published an essay named \"March Madness\" during 1939, and during 1942, he used the phrase in a poem, \"Basketball Ides of March\". Through the years the use of March Madness was increased, especially in Illinois, Indiana, and other parts of the Midwest. During this period the term was used almost exclusively in", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "20010112", "text": "in the same season. The match was televised on live on ESPN2. The NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament, sometimes known as the College Cup, is an American intercollegiate soccer tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I men's national champion. The tournament has been formally held since 1959, when it was an eight-team tournament. Since then, the tournament has expanded to 48 teams, in which every Division I conference tournament champion is allocated a berth. It was Indiana's first appearance since 2012, which they won. Stanford entered the final as the two-defending champion,", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship Game" }, { "id": "2753195", "text": "West and since 2011 has been a member of the MW; the Big West was not then considered a power conference, nor is the MW today. However, during the tenure of UNLV's coach at the time, Jerry Tarkanian, the Runnin' Rebels were widely viewed as a major program despite their conference affiliation (a situation similar to that of Gonzaga in the 2010s). The last time, as of 2018, an independent mid-major team won the National Championship was 1977 when Marquette won with a 67-59 win over North Carolina. However, at the time, a significant minority of NCAA Division I schools", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "11689585", "text": "1974 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament The 1974 Atlantic Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held in Greensboro, North Carolina, at the Greensboro Coliseum from March 7–9. NC State defeated Maryland in overtime, 103–100, to win the championship. Tommy Burleson of NC State was named the tournament MVP. The final pitted arguably the two best teams in the country and has long been regarded by many to be the greatest ACC game in history, and one of the greatest college games ever. The game was instrumental in forcing the expansion of the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament to 32 teams,", "title": "1974 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "18433738", "text": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament was a 68-team single-elimination tournament to determine the men's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college basketball national champion for the 2017–18 season. The 80th edition of the tournament began on March 13, 2018, and concluded with the championship game on April 2 at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. During the first round, UMBC became the first 16-seed to defeat a 1-seed in the men's tournament by defeating Virginia 74–54. For the first time in tournament history, none of the four top seeded", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "2753224", "text": "three New York City teams, all from Manhattan, played in the East Regional at Madison Square Garden—frequently used as a \"big-game\" venue by each team—and advanced at least to the national semifinals. NYU won the East Regional in 1945 but lost in the title game, also held at the Garden, to Oklahoma A&M. CCNY played in the East Regional in both 1947 and 1950; the Beavers lost in the 1947 East final to eventual champion Holy Cross but won the 1950 East Regional and national titles at the Garden. In 1974, North Carolina State won the NCAA tournament without leaving", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "13178951", "text": "1959 NCAA College Division Basketball Tournament The 1959 NCAA College Division Basketball Tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's basketball in the NCAA College Division, predecessor to today's NCAA Divisions II and III, as a culmination of the 1958–59 NCAA College Division men's basketball season. It was won by the University of Evansville, and Evansville's Hugh Ahlering was named Most Outstanding Player. Location: Logan Hall Location: Woodruff Hall Location: Location: Roberts Municipal Stadium Location: Glenbard High School Gym Location: McDonald Hall and Arena Location: The Barn Location: Eagle's Nest <nowiki>*</nowiki>denotes each", "title": "1959 NCAA College Division Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "13174624", "text": "1958 NCAA College Division Basketball Tournament The 1958 NCAA College Division Basketball Tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's basketball in the NCAA College Division, predecessor to today's NCAA Divisions II and III, as a culmination of the 1957–58 NCAA College Division men's basketball season. It was won by the University of South Dakota, and Ed Smallwood of the University of Evansville was named the Most Outstanding Player. Location: Shapiro Gym Location: Tiger Memorial Gym Location: Sutter Gym Location: Roberts Municipal Stadium Location: Aurora East High School Gym Location: Cook Gymnasium", "title": "1958 NCAA College Division Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "8712787", "text": "history. Ewing was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player, while Thompson became the first African American coach to win an NCAA Division I title. Freddy Brown, who made the key turnover in the title game two years prior, was given the chance to raise the trophy first. To begin the 1984-85 season, the defending champions opened the season as the No. 1 ranked team and won their first 18 games. On January 26, 1985, the St. John's University Redmen snapped the Hoyas' 29 game win streak (dating back to the prior season), in what was the first of an unprecedented", "title": "Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball" }, { "id": "15883558", "text": "words, the team became \"the Notre Dame of college soccer\". Morrone would ultimately coach the team until he retired in 1994. In 1981, the Huskies won their first NCAA-sanctioned College Cup, defeating Alabama A&M 2-1 in overtime at Stanford Stadium in Stanford, California. The Huskies also won a title in 1948, although that was before the NCAA. The Huskies, under coach Ray Reid, would win their second title in 2000, beating Creighton 2-0 in Charlotte. However, in the latter part of the 2000s decade, the Huskies struggled in the NCAA Tournament, losing their openers on penalty kicks in both 2009", "title": "Connecticut Huskies men's soccer" }, { "id": "2753200", "text": "Championship Game (1/2). Jacksonville lost to UCLA in the National Championship, with New Mexico State defeating St. Bonaventure for third place. Below is a table that shows the performance of mid-major teams from the Sweet Sixteen round to the National Championship Game from 1939—the tournament's first year—to 2018. This table shows mid-major teams that saw success in the tournament from now-defunct conferences or were independents. The Metro Conference, which operated from 1975 to 1995, is not listed here because it was considered a major basketball conference throughout its history. Most notably, Louisville, which was a member for the league's entire", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "2753213", "text": "NIT (which it won), the NCAA changed the rule to forbid a team the declines an NCAA Tournament bid from participating in any post-season tournament. Since then, the NCAA tournament has clearly been the major one, with conference champions and the majority of the top-ranked teams participating in it. A third-place game was held from 1946 to 1981. Additionally, when the tournament was first held in 1939 with only two regionals (East and West), the West held a third-place game, but the East did not. The East began holding its own third-place game in 1941, and from then on every", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "12401015", "text": "1963–64 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team The 1963–64 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team won its first NCAA National Basketball Championship under head coach John R. Wooden in his 16th year at UCLA. Assistant coach Jerry Norman convinced a reluctant Wooden to use the zone press, which the team had never utilized before. The press quickened the pace of the game and was influential in the first two national titles won by the Bruins, who were undersized. In the national title game, the Bruins defeated Duke, coached by Vic Bubas, by the score of 98–83. Walt Hazzard of UCLA was named", "title": "1963–64 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team" }, { "id": "5347266", "text": "2015 Rose Bowl semi-final. The loss to Oregon ended the Seminoles 29 game win streak and moved the Ducks into the final. They made the first ever CFP National Championship Game where they lost 42–20 to Ohio State. The Ducks men’s basketball team played its first season in 1902-1903 under head coach Charles Burden. It was not until 1927 that the Ducks played their first game at McArthur Court, defeating Willamette University 38-10. Head coach Howard Hobson was hired in 1936 and took the basketball team nicknamed \"The Tall Firs\" to win the first NCAA Men’s Basketball Championship in 1939.", "title": "Oregon Ducks" }, { "id": "9737952", "text": "Villanova's basketball program rose to prominence. Severance compiled a 413–201 record (.673). The 1938–39 team won the first-ever NCAA Tournament game, which put them in the inaugural Final Four. Severance led the Wildcats to the NCAA Tournament again in 1949, 1951, and 1955. Villanova earned NIT bids in 1959 and 1960. The most storied player in Villanova history, Paul Arizin, played during this era. Severance discovered Arizin, already a Villanova student, playing basketball in the Villanova Fieldhouse. Arizin holds the Villanova record for most points in a game (85), and is credited with inventing the jump shot and was the", "title": "Villanova Wildcats men's basketball" }, { "id": "17338784", "text": "NCAA Men's Division II Tennis Championship The NCAA Division II Men's Tennis Championship is an annual men's college tennis national collegiate championship sponsored by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for teams in Division II. Unlike the championships for Division I and Division III, this tournament crowns only a team champion. Individual and doubles titles were contested from 1963 to 1994 before being discontinued. The championship first began in 1963 as the NCAA College Division Men's Tennis Championship for smaller colleges and universities not in the larger University Division (the precursor to the current Division I). The tournament gained its", "title": "NCAA Men's Division II Tennis Championship" }, { "id": "13337036", "text": "all major polls entering that season's NCAA tournament; their only regular-season loss was at Tennessee. They ultimately lost in the final of the NCAA Tournament, 72-65, to a Texas Western (now UTEP) team that would later be inducted in its entirety to the Hall of Fame. The game is mostly remembered today for its sociological subtext—the Miners were the first major-college team to start five black players in a NCAA Final (having done so for virtually all of the 1965–66 season ), while the Wildcats were all-white at the time (and would remain so until 1969). 1965–66 Kentucky Wildcats men's", "title": "1965–66 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team" }, { "id": "11148895", "text": "the 1966 NCAA tournament. A controversial foul called against Greg Smith during a jump ball put Cazzie Russell on the free throw line for Michigan, where he scored the tying and winning baskets. In 1970, Illinois State hired Will Robinson as the first African-American head coach of a major college basketball program . In 1984, John Thompson Jr. became the first African-American head coach to win the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship when the Georgetown Hoyas defeated the University of Houston 84-75. In 2007, his son, John Thompson III led the Hoyas to the Final Four becoming the first", "title": "Black participation in college basketball" }, { "id": "11264903", "text": "led to the university's decision to expand the 7,500-seat Amory-Fieldhouse to 12,700 seats. It was renamed Stokely Athletic Center to honor William B. Stokely, whose donation funded the renovation. In the expanded Stokely Center's inaugural season, the Volunteers captured the 1967 SEC championship and made the program's first ever NCAA Tournament appearance. Dubbed the \"Fearless Five,\" the 1967 team won road games against top conference teams Florida, Kentucky, and Mississippi State. The win over Mississippi State, coming in double-overtime on a pair of Bill Justus free throws, secured Tennessee's first SEC championship in 24 years and is referred to by", "title": "Tennessee Volunteers basketball" }, { "id": "437873", "text": "is still known as a national powerhouse in Division I men's basketball. Between 1985 and 2009, the team reached the NCAA Tournament 25 consecutive years, which is the third-longest streak in NCAA history, after Kansas, with appearances from 1990-2017, North Carolina, with 27 consecutive appearances from 1975 to 2001. The Wildcats have reached the Final Four of the NCAA tournament in 1988, 1994, 1997, and 2001. In 1997, Arizona defeated the University of Kentucky, the then defending national champions, to win the NCAA National Championship (NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship) by a score of 84–79 in overtime; Arizona's first", "title": "University of Arizona" }, { "id": "18449944", "text": "Magic Johnson and Sycamores forward Larry Bird competed against each other for the first time; the pair developed a rivalry in the National Basketball Association (NBA) in the 1980s. Michigan State won to claim the school's first national championship in men's basketball. The 1979 NCAA tournament final had the highest Nielsen ratings of any game in the history of American basketball. The Sycamores were not ranked in the Associated Press (AP) or United Press International preseason polls, and coaches in their Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) did not pick them to win the league. The team, which had been coached by", "title": "1979 NCAA Division I Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "3066555", "text": "Prize-winning photographs in the \"Des Moines Register\" proved an intentional attack on the African American quarterback by Oklahoma A&M football players (Oklahoma A&M became Oklahoma State in 1957). In 1969, Drake's men's basketball team reached the Final Four of the NCAA Tournament. Top-seeded UCLA Bruins men's basketball and its 7-foot megastar Lew Alcindor (later Kareem Abdul-Jabbar) barely escaped an upset in the national semifinals, 85-82. In 1973, nearly 70 years after the original women's basketball team had been banned, Drake established a department of Women's Intercollegiate Athletics. In 1981, senior Lewis Lloyd, the nation's second-leading scorer in Division I men's", "title": "Drake University" }, { "id": "20162286", "text": "awarded based on individual performances in the singles and doubles events. 1957 NCAA Tennis Championships The 1957 NCAA Tennis Championships were the 12th annual NCAA-sponsored tournaments to determine the national champions of men's singles, doubles, and team collegiate tennis in the United States. Michigan won the team championship, the Wolverines' first such title. Michigan finished just one point ahead of Tulane, 10–9, in the final team standings. Barry MacKay won the Singles Title over Sammy Giammalva of Texas in 5 sets. This year's tournaments were contested at the Eccles Tennis Center at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City,", "title": "1957 NCAA Tennis Championships" }, { "id": "999478", "text": "pitcher Christy Mathewson, who requested burial in a cemetery adjoining Bucknell's campus. In 2005, the men's basketball team went to the NCAA men's basketball tournament and became the first Patriot League team to win an NCAA tournament game, upsetting Kansas (64–63). The victory followed a year that included wins over #7 Pittsburgh and Saint Joseph's. They lost to Wisconsin in the following round but received the honor of \"Best Upset\" at the 2005 ESPY Awards. All undergraduates except 200 seniors are required to live on campus. The school guarantees on-campus housing for all four years. The campus is roughly divided", "title": "Bucknell University" }, { "id": "11198130", "text": "1954, Holy Cross won the NIT Tournament behind another future NBA Hall-of-famer and Celtics legend Tom Heinsohn. This is widely recognized as the College's second national title in basketball due to the prestige of the NIT at the time. In 1977, Holy Cross defeated a good Providence team twice on last-second shots by forward Chris Potter and led top-ranked Michigan at the half in the first round of the NCAA tournament before being defeated. The following year, 1978, Sports Illustrated ranked Holy Cross and freshman of the year Ronnie Perry ninth in its pre-season poll. Following the team's championship years", "title": "Holy Cross Crusaders men's basketball" }, { "id": "6894183", "text": "the championship. The 2009 tournament featured a six-overtime game in the quarterfinals between the Connecticut Huskies and the Syracuse Orange, in which Syracuse prevailed, 127–117. The game, the second longest in NCAA history, started on the evening of March 12 and ended nearly four hours later in the early morning of March 13. Only three players have achieved repeat MVP honors: Georgetown's Patrick Ewing (1984–1985), Louisville's Peyton Siva (2012–2013), and Villanova’s Josh Hart (2015,2017). As part of the deal in which the original Big East split into the \"new\" Big East and the American Athletic Conference, the \"new\" Big East", "title": "Big East Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "13313761", "text": "1955–56 San Francisco Dons men's basketball team The 1955–56 San Francisco Dons men's basketball team represented the University of San Francisco. The Dons ended the season undefeated, becoming the first NCAA tournament champion to record a perfect season. San Francisco won two straight NCAA titles behind a punishing defense led by Bill Russell, who turned shot blocking into an art form. He was also better scorer than history gives him credit for, averaging more than 20 points in both championship seasons. In 1956, Russell had support from guard K.C. Jones and a balanced lineup; besides Russell, five other players averaged", "title": "1955–56 San Francisco Dons men's basketball team" }, { "id": "19761773", "text": "by contrast, fielded an all-white squad. The Miners won 72–65, claiming the school's first national championship in men's college basketball. Their victory challenged assumptions widely held about black players at the time, and major college programs intensified their recruiting efforts towards African-American players in the years following the game. The Wildcats, coached by Adolph Rupp, began the 1965–66 season with an 83–55 win over Hardin–Simmons University on December 1, 1965. In road games at Virginia and Illinois, Kentucky prevailed by 26 and 18 points respectively. Wins in three games at home gave the Wildcats a 6–0 win–loss record, and the", "title": "1966 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "7357228", "text": "1954 NCAA Basketball Tournament The 1954 NCAA Basketball Tournament involved 24 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 8, 1954, and ended with the championship game on March 20 in Kansas City, Missouri. A total of 28 games were played, including a third place game in each region and a national third place game. La Salle, coached by Ken Loeffler, won the national title with a 92–76 victory in the final game over Bradley, coached by Forddy Anderson. Tom Gola of La Salle was named the", "title": "1954 NCAA Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "20950886", "text": "Tournament. A late season resurgence by both programs allowed both to reach the NCAA final. The three-time defending champions, Stanford, were eliminated in the quarterfinals by Akron. The match was broadcast on ESPN2. The NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament, sometimes known as the College Cup, is an American intercollegiate soccer tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I men's national champion. The tournament has been formally held since 1959, when it was an eight-team tournament. Since then, the tournament has expanded to 48 teams, in which every Division I conference tournament champion is", "title": "2018 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship Game" }, { "id": "13833720", "text": "first time since 2010, a #14 seed won as Harvard defeated New Mexico in the West Region. The same region saw #13 La Salle, who won in the opening round, defeat #4 Kansas State and #12 Mississippi defeat #5 Wisconsin. In addition to that, the region's top seed, Gonzaga, was defeated in the round of 32 by eventual region winner Wichita State, who defeated La Salle in the Sweet Sixteen. Two other teams also earned their first ever NCAA Tournament victory: Ivy League champion Harvard and Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) champion North Carolina A&T. Liberty became the first 20-loss team", "title": "2013 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament" }, { "id": "14606061", "text": "In that span eleven teams — Johns Hopkins, Syracuse, Princeton, North Carolina, Virginia, Cornell, Duke, Maryland, Loyola University (Maryland), Denver and Yale — have won the national title, with Syracuse leading with ten titles (plus one vacated by the NCAA). In all, 41 teams have participated in the NCAA tournament since its inception. Only seven unseeded teams — the 1988 Cornell Big Red, the 1991 Towson Tigers, the 2006 Massachusetts Minutemen, the 2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish, the 2011 and 2012 Maryland Terrapins and the 2016 North Carolina Tar Heels — have made it to the championship game, and only", "title": "NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship" }, { "id": "7481629", "text": "In 1939, the NABC held the first national basketball tournament in Evanston, Illinois at the Northwestern Fieldhouse. Oregon defeated Ohio State for the first tournament championship. The next year, the NABC asked the NCAA to take over the administration of the tournament. In exchange, the NCAA provided complimentary tickets for NABC members to the Finals and placed an NABC member on its Tournament Committee. NABC initiatives include establishing the original Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield, Massachusetts, the format of today's NCAA Basketball Tournament, and the College Basketball Experience and National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame at the Sprint Center", "title": "National Association of Basketball Coaches" } ]	who won the first men's ncaa tournament
[ "4,000" ]	[ { "id": "5304988", "text": "the United States produced more than 70,000 nuclear warheads, which is more than all other nuclear weapon states combined. The Soviet Union/Russia has produced approximately 55,000 nuclear warheads since 1949, France built 1,110 warheads since 1960, the United Kingdom built 835 warheads since 1952, China built about 600 warheads since 1964, and other nuclear powers built fewer than 500 warheads all together since they developed their first nuclear weapons. Until November 1962, the vast majority of U.S. nuclear tests were above ground. After the acceptance of the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, all testing was relegated underground, in order to", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5305001", "text": "was already accomplished by January 2008. Between 16 July 1945 and 23 September 1992, the United States maintained a program of vigorous nuclear testing, with the exception of a moratorium between November 1958 and September 1961. By official count, a total of 1,054 nuclear tests and two nuclear attacks were conducted, with over 100 of them taking place at sites in the Pacific Ocean, over 900 of them at the Nevada Test Site, and ten on miscellaneous sites in the United States (Alaska, Colorado, Mississippi, and New Mexico). Until November 1962, the vast majority of the U.S. tests were atmospheric", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5304987", "text": "Nuclear weapons of the United States The United States was the first country to manufacture nuclear weapons and is the only country to have used them in combat, with the separate bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in World War II. Before and during the Cold War, it conducted over a thousand nuclear tests and tested many long-range nuclear weapons delivery systems. Between 1940 and 1996, the U.S. government spent at least $ in present-day terms on nuclear weapons, including platforms development (aircraft, rockets and facilities), command and control, maintenance, waste management and administrative costs. It is estimated that, since 1945,", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "1820461", "text": "restricted deployment of these systems until, after the fall of the Soviet Union, system development essentially halted, and many weapons were disabled and destroyed. On January 27, 1967, more than 60 nations signed the Outer Space Treaty, banning nuclear weapons in space. There have been a number of potential nuclear disasters. Following air accidents U.S. nuclear weapons have been lost near Atlantic City, New Jersey (1957); Savannah, Georgia (1958) (see Tybee Bomb); Goldsboro, North Carolina (1961); off the coast of Okinawa (1965); in the sea near Palomares, Spain (1966) (see 1966 Palomares B-52 crash); and near Thule, Greenland (1968) (see", "title": "History of nuclear weapons" }, { "id": "9883992", "text": "rockets and facilities), command and control, maintenance, waste management and administrative costs. It is estimated that, since 1945, the United States produced more than 70,000 nuclear warheads, which is more than all other nuclear weapon states combined. The Soviet Union/Russia has built approximately 55,000 nuclear warheads since 1949, France built 1110 warheads since 1960, the United Kingdom built 835 warheads since 1952, China built about 600 warheads since 1964, and other nuclear powers built less than 500 warheads all together since they developed their first nuclear weapons. Until November 1962, the vast majority of U.S. nuclear tests were aboveground. After", "title": "Nuclear history of the United States" }, { "id": "2357293", "text": "of vigorous nuclear testing, with the exception of a moratorium between November 1958 and September 1961. By official count, a total of 1,054 nuclear tests and two nuclear attacks were conducted, with over 100 of them taking place at sites in the Pacific Ocean, over 900 of them at the Nevada Test Site, and ten on miscellaneous sites in the United States (Alaska, Colorado, Mississippi, and New Mexico). Until November 1962, the vast majority of the U.S. tests were atmospheric (that is, above-ground); after the acceptance of the Partial Test Ban Treaty all testing was regulated underground, in order to", "title": "Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents" }, { "id": "5305039", "text": "US has an estimated 4,018 nuclear weapons in either deployment or storage. This figure compares to a peak of 31,225 total warheads in 1967 and 22,217 in 1989, and does not include \"several thousand\" warheads that have been retired and scheduled for dismantlement. The Pantex Plant near Amarillo, Texas, is the only location in the United States where weapons from the aging nuclear arsenal can be refurbished or dismantled. In 2009 and 2010, the administration of President Barack Obama declared policies that would invalidate the Bush-era policy for use of nuclear weapons and its motions to develop new ones. First,", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "2959298", "text": "program.1054 tests were conducted between 1945 and 1992. The exact number of nuclear devices detonated is unclear because some tests involved multiple devices while a few failed to explode or were designed not to create a nuclear explosion. The last nuclear test by the United States was on September 23, 1992; the U.S. has signed but not ratified the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. Currently, the United States nuclear arsenal is deployed in three areas: The United States is one of the five \"Nuclear Weapons States\" under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, which the U.S. ratified in 1968. On", "title": "United States and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "id": "2959299", "text": "October 13, 1999, the U.S. Senate rejected ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, having previously ratified the Partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963. The U.S. has not, however, tested a nuclear weapon since 1992, though it has tested many non-nuclear components and has developed powerful supercomputers in an attempt to duplicate the knowledge gained from testing without conducting the actual tests themselves. In the early 1990s, the U.S. stopped developing new nuclear weapons and now devotes most of its nuclear efforts into stockpile stewardship, maintaining and dismantling its now-aging arsenal. The administration of George W. Bush decided in 2003", "title": "United States and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "id": "2959296", "text": "United States and weapons of mass destruction The United States is known to have possessed three types of weapons of mass destruction: nuclear weapons, chemical weapons, and biological weapons. The U.S. is the only country to have used nuclear weapons in combat, when it detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. It had secretly developed the earliest form of the atomic weapon during the 1940s under the title \"Manhattan Project\". The United States pioneered the development of both the nuclear fission and hydrogen bombs (the latter involving nuclear fusion). It was", "title": "United States and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "id": "5304990", "text": "4,018 are part of the U.S. stockpile. Of the stockpiled warheads, the U.S. stated in its April 2017 New START declaration that 1,411 are deployed on 673 ICBMs, SLBMs, and strategic bombers. The United States first began developing nuclear weapons during World War II under the order of President Franklin Roosevelt in 1939, motivated by the fear that they were engaged in a race with Nazi Germany to develop such a weapon. After a slow start under the direction of the National Bureau of Standards, at the urging of British scientists and American administrators, the program was put under the", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5304994", "text": "TNT, destroying 60% of the city and killing approximately 35,000 people, among them 23,200–28,200 Japanese munitions workers, 2,000 Korean slave laborers, and 150 Japanese combatants. On January 1, 1947, the Atomic Energy Act of 1946 (known as the McMahon Act) took effect, and the Manhattan Project was officially turned over to the United States Atomic Energy Commission. On August 15, 1947, the Manhattan District was abolished. Between 1945 and 1990, more than 70,000 total warheads were developed, in over 65 different varieties, ranging in yield from around .01 kilotons (such as the man-portable Davy Crockett shell) to the 25 megaton", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5304989", "text": "prevent the dispersion of nuclear fallout. By February 2006 over $1.2 billion in compensation had been paid to U.S. citizens exposed to nuclear hazards as a result of the U.S. nuclear weapons program, and by 1998 at least $759 million had been paid to the Marshall Islanders in compensation for their exposure to U.S. nuclear testing. The U.S. and Russia possess comparable numbers of nuclear warheads; together, these two nations possess more than 90% of the world's nuclear warheads. As of 2017, the U.S. has an inventory of 6,800 nuclear warheads; of these, 2,800 are retired and awaiting dismantlement and", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "12021983", "text": "to retaliate accordingly. In early June 2015, the U.S. State Department reported that Russia had failed to correct the violation of the I.N.F. Treaty; the U.S. government was said to have made no discernible headway in making Russia so much as acknowledge the compliance problem. The US government's October 2014 report claimed that Russia had 1,643 nuclear warheads ready to launch (an increase from 1,537 in 2011) – one more than the US, thus overtaking the US for the first time since 2000; both countries' deployed capacity being in violation of the 2010 New START treaty that sets a cap", "title": "Foreign policy of Vladimir Putin" }, { "id": "7188792", "text": "253 originally ordered), 21% were permanently and prematurely closed due to reliability or cost problems, while another 27% have completely failed for a year or more at least once. The surviving U.S. nuclear plants produce ~90% of their full-time full-load potential, but even they are not fully dependable. Even reliably operating nuclear plants must shut down, on average, for 39 days every 17 months for refueling and maintenance, and unexpected failures do occur too. A cover story in the February 11, 1985, issue of \"Forbes magazine\" commented on the overall management of the nuclear power program in the United States:", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "289360", "text": "These bombings caused injuries that resulted in the deaths of approximately 200,000 civilians and military personnel. The ethics of these bombings and their role in Japan's surrender are subjects of debate. Since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, nuclear weapons have been detonated over two thousand times for testing and demonstration. Only a few nations possess such weapons or are suspected of seeking them. The only countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons—and acknowledge possessing them—are (chronologically by date of first test) the United States, the Soviet Union (succeeded as a nuclear power by Russia), the United Kingdom, France,", "title": "Nuclear weapon" }, { "id": "14677669", "text": "Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States The United States Government Accountability Office reported more than 150 incidents from 2001 to 2006 of nuclear plants not performing within acceptable safety guidelines. According to a 2010 survey of energy accidents, there have been at least 56 accidents at nuclear reactors in the United States (defined as incidents that either resulted in the loss of human life or more than US$50,000 of property damage). The most serious of these was the Three Mile Island accident in 1979. Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Plant has been the source of two of the top five most", "title": "Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States" }, { "id": "1820462", "text": "1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash). Most of the lost weapons were recovered, the Spanish device after three months' effort by the DSV Alvin and DSV Aluminaut. The Soviet Union was less forthcoming about such incidents, but the environmental group Greenpeace believes that there are around forty non-U.S. nuclear devices that have been lost and not recovered, compared to eleven lost by America, mostly in submarine disasters. The U.S. has tried to recover Soviet devices, notably in the 1974 Project Azorian using the specialist salvage vessel \"Hughes Glomar Explorer\" to raise a Soviet submarine. After news leaked out about this", "title": "History of nuclear weapons" }, { "id": "2959301", "text": "2003, the U.S. rejected Russian proposals to further reduce both nation's nuclear stockpiles to 1,500 each. In 2007, for the first time in 15 years, the United States built new warheads. These replaced some older warheads as part of the Minuteman III upgrade program. 2007 also saw the first Minuteman III missiles removed from service as part of the drawdown. Overall, stockpiles and deployment systems continue to decline in number under the terms of the New START treaty. In 2014, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists released a report, stating that there are a total of 2,530 warheads kept in reserve,", "title": "United States and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "id": "5305027", "text": "soil, during the Cold War, the United States also stationed nuclear weapons in 27 foreign countries and territories, including Okinawa (which was US-controlled until 1971,) Japan (during the occupation immediately following World War II), Greenland, Germany, Taiwan, and French Morocco then independent Morocco. Early on in the development of its nuclear weapons, the United States relied in part on information-sharing with both the United Kingdom and Canada, as codified in the Quebec Agreement of 1943. These three parties agreed not to share nuclear weapons information with other countries without the consent of the others, an early attempt at nonproliferation. After", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5305017", "text": "cleanup endeavors. Eleven American nuclear warheads are thought to be lost and unrecovered, primarily in submarine accidents. The nuclear testing program resulted in a number of cases of fallout dispersion onto populated areas. The most significant of these was the Castle Bravo test, which spread radioactive ash over an area of over , including a number of populated islands. The populations of the islands were evacuated but not before suffering radiation burns. They would later suffer long-term effects, such as birth defects and increased cancer risk. There were also instances during the nuclear testing program in which soldiers were exposed", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "10411361", "text": "400 bombs. The American monopoly on nuclear weapons lasted only four years before the Soviet Union detonated an atomic bomb in September 1949. The United States responded with the development of the hydrogen bomb, a nuclear weapon a thousand times as powerful as the bombs that devastated Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Such ordinary fission bombs would henceforth be regarded as small tactical nuclear weapons. By 1986, the United States would have 23,317 nuclear weapons, while the Soviet Union had 40,159. By 2017, nine nations had nuclear weapons, but Japan was not one of them. Japan reluctantly signed the Treaty on the", "title": "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" }, { "id": "14677670", "text": "dangerous nuclear incidents in the United States since 1979. Relatively few accidents have involved fatalities. Globally, there have been at least 99 (civilian and military) recorded nuclear reactor accidents from 1952 to 2009 (defined as incidents that either resulted in the loss of human life or more than US$50,000 of property damage, the amount the US federal government uses to define major energy accidents that must be reported), totaling US$20.5 billion in property damages. The accidents involved meltdowns, explosions, fires, and loss of coolant, and occurred during both normal operation and extreme emergency conditions (such as droughts and earthquakes). Property", "title": "Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States" }, { "id": "10411228", "text": "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki During the final stage of World War II, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The United States dropped the bombs after obtaining the consent of the United Kingdom, as required by the Quebec Agreement. The two bombings killed 129,000–226,000 people, most of whom were civilians. They remain the only use of nuclear weapons in the history of warfare. In the final year of the war, the Allies prepared for what was anticipated to be a very costly invasion", "title": "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" }, { "id": "2194821", "text": "(or cold) tests are any type of tests involving nuclear materials and possibly high-explosives (like those mentioned above) that purposely result in no yield. The name refers to the lack of creation of a critical mass of fissile material. They are the only type of tests allowed under the interpretation of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty tacitly agreed to by the major atomic powers. Sub-critical tests continue to be performed by the United States, Russia, and the People's Republic of China, at least. Subcritical test executed by the United States include: There have also been simulations of the effects of nuclear", "title": "Nuclear weapons testing" }, { "id": "2959297", "text": "the world's first and only nuclear power for four years (1945–1949), until the Soviet Union managed to produce its own nuclear weapon. The United States has the second largest number of deployed nuclear weapons in the world, after Russia. Nuclear weapons have been used twice in combat: two nuclear weapons were used by the United States against Japan during World War II in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Altogether, the two bombings killed 120,000 people and injured another 130,000 while devastating hundreds or thousands of military bases, factories, and cottage industries. The U.S. conducted an extensive nuclear testing", "title": "United States and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "id": "5305016", "text": "the United States include incidents near Atlantic City, New Jersey (1957), Savannah, Georgia (1958) (see Tybee Bomb), Goldsboro, North Carolina (1961) (see 1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash), off the coast of Okinawa (1965), in the sea near Palomares, Spain (1966, see 1966 Palomares B-52 crash), and near Thule Air Base, Greenland (1968) (see 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash). In some of these cases (such as Palomares), the explosive system of the fission weapon discharged, but did not trigger a nuclear chain reaction (safety features prevent this from easily happening), but did disperse hazardous nuclear materials across wide areas, necessitating expensive", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5305000", "text": "unabated. Even today, as pollution threats to health and the environment persist, the government keeps knowledge about the associated risks from the public. During the presidency of George W. Bush, and especially after the 11 September terrorist attacks of 2001, rumors have circulated in major news sources that the U.S. has been considering design of new nuclear weapons (\"bunker-busting nukes\"), and the resumption of nuclear testing for reasons of stockpile stewardship. Statements by the U.S. government in 2004, however, indicated that the arsenal will drop to around 5,500 total warheads by 2012. According to recent reports, much of that reduction", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "14677671", "text": "damage costs include destruction of property, emergency response, environmental remediation, evacuation, lost product, fines, and court claims. Because nuclear reactors are large and complex, accidents onsite tend to be relatively expensive. In the U.S., at least 56 nuclear reactor accidents have occurred. The most serious of these U.S. accidents was the Three Mile Island accident in 1979. According to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Davis–Besse Nuclear Power Station has been the source of two of the top five most dangerous nuclear incidents in the United States since 1979. The United States Government Accountability Office reported more than 150 incidents from", "title": "Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States" }, { "id": "5551948", "text": "United States has conducted 1,054 nuclear weapons tests to date, involving at least 1,151 nuclear devices, most of which occurred at Nevada Test Site and the Pacific Proving Grounds in the Marshall Islands, with ten other tests taking place at various locations in the United States, including Alaska, Colorado, Mississippi, and New Mexico. There have been an estimated 2,000 nuclear tests conducted worldwide; the number of nuclear tests conducted by the United States alone is currently more than the sum of nuclear testing done by all other known nuclear states (the USSR, Great Britain, France, China, India, Pakistan, and North", "title": "Downwinders" }, { "id": "14677681", "text": "will take up to five years to fully implement. Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States The United States Government Accountability Office reported more than 150 incidents from 2001 to 2006 of nuclear plants not performing within acceptable safety guidelines. According to a 2010 survey of energy accidents, there have been at least 56 accidents at nuclear reactors in the United States (defined as incidents that either resulted in the loss of human life or more than US$50,000 of property damage). The most serious of these was the Three Mile Island accident in 1979. Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Plant has been", "title": "Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States" }, { "id": "5305002", "text": "(that is, above-ground); after the acceptance of the Partial Test Ban Treaty all testing was relegated underground, in order to prevent the dispersion of nuclear fallout. The U.S. program of atmospheric nuclear testing exposed a number of the population to the hazards of fallout. Estimating exact numbers, and the exact consequences, of people exposed has been medically very difficult, with the exception of the high exposures of Marshall Islanders and Japanese fishers in the case of the Castle Bravo incident in 1954. A number of groups of U.S. citizens—especially farmers and inhabitants of cities downwind of the Nevada Test Site", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "442288", "text": "400 nuclear-powered submarines operational or being built. Some 250 of these submarines have now been scrapped and some on order canceled, due to weapons reduction programs. The Russian Navy and United States Navy had over one hundred each, with the United Kingdom and France less than twenty each and China six. The total today is about 160. The United States is the main navy with nuclear-powered aircraft carriers (10), while Russia has nuclear-powered cruisers. Russia has eight nuclear icebreakers in service or building. Since its inception in 1948, the U.S. Navy nuclear program has developed 27 different plant designs, installed", "title": "United States naval reactors" }, { "id": "9883993", "text": "the acceptance of the Partial Test Ban Treaty, all testing was regulated underground, in order to prevent the dispersion of nuclear fallout. As of February 2006, over $1.2 billion in compensation was paid to U.S. citizens exposed to nuclear hazards as a result of the U.S. nuclear weapons program, and by 1998, at least $759 million was paid to the Marshall Islanders in compensation for their exposure to U.S. nuclear testing. In 2010, the United States maintained an arsenal of 5,113 warheads and facilities for their construction and design, though many of the Cold War facilities have since been deactivated", "title": "Nuclear history of the United States" }, { "id": "9883994", "text": "and are sites for environmental remediation. On December 5, 2012, the National Nuclear Security Administration announced that the U.S. conducted its 27th subcritical underground nuclear test since 1992, when the U.S. ended test nuclear explosions. Nuclear history of the United States Nuclear history of the United States describes the history of nuclear affairs in the United States whether civilian or military. The pre-Hiroshima nuclear history of the United States began with the Manhattan Project. This Manhattan Project was the nuclear program for warfare. Even before the first nuclear weapons had been developed, scientists involved with the Manhattan Project were divided", "title": "Nuclear history of the United States" }, { "id": "2959300", "text": "to engage in research towards a new generation of small nuclear weapons, especially \"earth penetrators\". The budget passed by the United States Congress in 2004 eliminated funding for some of this research including the \"bunker-busting or earth-penetrating\" weapons. The exact number of nuclear weapons possessed by the United States is difficult to determine. Different treaties and organizations have different criteria for reporting nuclear weapons, especially those held in reserve, and those being dismantled or rebuilt: In 2002, the United States and Russia agreed in the SORT treaty to reduce their deployed stockpiles to not more than 2,200 warheads each. In", "title": "United States and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "id": "12440877", "text": "occurred since the Chernobyl disaster, and 57% (56 out of 99) of all nuclear-related accidents have occurred in the USA. Serious nuclear power plant accidents include the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster (2011), Chernobyl disaster (1986), Three Mile Island accident (1979), and the SL-1 accident (1961). Nuclear-powered submarine mishaps include the K-19 reactor accident (1961), the K-27 reactor accident (1968), and the K-431 reactor accident (1985). The effect of nuclear accidents has been a topic of debate practically since the first nuclear reactors were constructed. It has also been a key factor in public concern about nuclear facilities. Some technical measures", "title": "Nuclear power debate" }, { "id": "7188791", "text": "reliability of nuclear power in the United States: Of the 253 nuclear power reactors originally ordered in the United States from 1953 to 2008, 48 percent were canceled, 11 percent were prematurely shut down, 14 percent experienced at least a one-year-or-more outage, and 27 percent are operating without having a year-plus outage. Thus, only about one fourth of those ordered, or about half of those completed, are still operating and have proved relatively reliable. Amory Lovins has also commented on the historical record of nuclear power in the United States: Of all 132 U.S. nuclear plants built (52% of the", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "2357283", "text": "were constructed in 1954, and has been a key factor in public concern about nuclear facilities. Technical measures to reduce the risk of accidents or to minimize the amount of radioactivity released to the environment have been adopted, however human error remains, and \"there have been many accidents with varying impacts as well near misses and incidents\". As of 2014, there have been more than 100 serious nuclear accidents and incidents from the use of nuclear power. Fifty-seven accidents have occurred since the Chernobyl disaster, and about 60% of all nuclear-related accidents have occurred in the USA. Serious nuclear power", "title": "Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents" }, { "id": "9883991", "text": "because of the Fukushima storage pool experience\". In October 2011, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission instructed agency staff to move forward with seven of the 12 safety recommendations put forward by the federal task force in July. The recommendations include \"new standards aimed at strengthening operators’ ability to deal with a complete loss of power, ensuring plants can withstand floods and earthquakes and improving emergency response capabilities\". The new safety standards will take up to five years to fully implement. Between 1940 and 1996, the U.S. spent at least $ in present-day terms on nuclear weapons development, including platforms development (aircraft,", "title": "Nuclear history of the United States" }, { "id": "10055573", "text": "within acceptable safety guidelines. In 2006, it said: \"Since 2001, the ROP has resulted in more than 4,000 inspection findings concerning nuclear power plant licensees’ failure to fully comply with NRC regulations and industry standards for safe plant operation, and NRC has subjected more than 7.5 percent (79) of the 103 operating plants to increased oversight for varying periods\". Seventy-one percent of all recorded major nuclear accidents, including meltdowns, explosions, fires, and loss of coolants, occurred in the United States, and they happened during both normal operations as well as emergency situations such as floods, droughts, and earthquakes. Experts have", "title": "Nuclear safety in the United States" }, { "id": "7255950", "text": "end of the Cold War, but the decades of manufacturing left behind of high-level radioactive waste, an additional of solid radioactive waste, of contaminated groundwater beneath the site and occasional discoveries of undocumented contaminations that slow the pace and raise the cost of cleanup. The Hanford site represents two-thirds of the nation's high-level radioactive waste by volume. Today, Hanford is the most contaminated nuclear site in the United States and is the focus of the nation's largest environmental cleanup. The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine.", "title": "Nuclear safety and security" }, { "id": "5304993", "text": "1 November 1945 and with Japan not surrendering, President Harry S. Truman ordered the atomic raids on Japan. On 6 August 1945, the U.S. detonated a uranium-gun design bomb, Little Boy, over the Japanese city of Hiroshima with an energy of about 15 kilotons of TNT, killing approximately 70,000 people, among them 20,000 Japanese combatants and 20,000 Korean slave laborers, and destroying nearly 50,000 buildings (including the 2nd General Army and Fifth Division headquarters). Three days later, on 9 August, the U.S. attacked Nagasaki using a plutonium implosion-design bomb, Fat Man, with the explosion equivalent to about 20 kilotons of", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5305015", "text": "later, so pilots or individual submarine commanders had the power, but not the authority, to launch nuclear weapons entirely on their own. The United States nuclear program since its inception has experienced accidents of varying forms, ranging from single-casualty research experiments (such as that of Louis Slotin during the Manhattan Project), to the nuclear fallout dispersion of the Castle Bravo shot in 1954, to the accidental dropping of nuclear weapons from aircraft (broken arrows). How close any of these accidents came to being major nuclear disasters is a matter of technical and scholarly debate and interpretation. Weapons accidentally dropped by", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "14677677", "text": "improvements on a reluctant industry, but it also increased opposition to nuclear power. The accident triggered protests around the world. Nuclear safety in the U.S. is governed by federal regulations issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The NRC regulates all nuclear plants and materials in the U.S. except for of nuclear plants and materials controlled by the U.S. government, as well those powering naval vessels. The 1979 Three Mile Island accident was a pivotal event that led to questions about U.S. nuclear safety. Earlier events had a similar effect, including a 1975 fire at Browns Ferry, the 1976 testimonials", "title": "Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States" }, { "id": "5767806", "text": "Nuclear power phase-out A nuclear power phase-out is the discontinuation of usage of nuclear power for energy production. Often initiated because of concerns about nuclear power, phase-outs usually include shutting down nuclear power plants and looking towards fossil fuels and renewable energy. Three nuclear accidents have influenced the discontinuation of nuclear power: the 1979 Three Mile Island partial nuclear meltdown in the United States, the 1986 Chernobyl disaster in the USSR, and the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan. As of 2018, Italy is the only country that operated nuclear reactors but has since phased out nuclear power completely. Following", "title": "Nuclear power phase-out" }, { "id": "12676921", "text": "compared with £1,200,000 for the Mark 1 with Green Grass. When the Cold War ended in 1991, there were more than 500 US nuclear weapons in the UK. Of these, about 400 were bombs, 48 were Ground Launched Cruise Missiles, and approximately 100 were B57 nuclear depth bombs. The BAOR still had about 85 Lance missiles, and more than 70 W33 eight-inch and W48 155 mm nuclear artillery shells. The cruise missiles were withdrawn in 1991 under the terms of the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. The United States then decided to withdraw its short-range nuclear weapons. The last US", "title": "Project E" }, { "id": "638682", "text": "governed by several international conventions and treaties, although not all countries have signed and ratified them: The only country to have used a nuclear weapon in war is the United States, which dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. There are eight countries that have declared they possess nuclear weapons and are known to have tested a nuclear weapon, only five of which are members of the NPT. The eight are China, France, India, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Israel is considered by most analysts", "title": "Weapon of mass destruction" }, { "id": "2194830", "text": "test data. There have been many attempts to limit the number and size of nuclear tests; the most far-reaching is the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty of 1996, which has not, , been ratified by eight of the \"Annex 2 countries\" required for it to take effect, including the United States. Nuclear testing has since become a controversial issue in the United States, with a number of politicians saying that future testing might be necessary to maintain the aging warheads from the Cold War. Because nuclear testing is seen as furthering nuclear arms development, many are opposed to future testing as", "title": "Nuclear weapons testing" }, { "id": "5635896", "text": "British submarines. Extensions to the service lives for 800 of the warheads was approved by the US government in 2000, then later increased to 2,000. The project is scheduled for completion in 2018. The warhead is currently the most numerous weapon in the US nuclear arsenal, having replaced the Poseidon SLBM warhead, the W68, in that capacity. W76 The W76 is a United States thermonuclear warhead. It was manufactured from 1978-1987, and is still in service . The W-76 is carried inside a Mk-4 re-entry vehicle. U.S. Trident I and Trident II SLBM/Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles may carry W76 warheads", "title": "W76" }, { "id": "10055567", "text": "that slow the pace and raise the cost of cleanup. The Hanford site represents two-thirds of the nation's high-level radioactive waste by volume. Today, Hanford is the most contaminated nuclear site in the United States and is the focus of the nation's largest environmental cleanup. The SL-1, or Stationary Low-Power Reactor Number One, was a United States Army experimental nuclear power reactor which underwent a steam explosion and meltdown on January 3, 1961, killing its three operators. The direct cause was the improper withdrawal of the central control rod, responsible for absorbing neutrons in the reactor core. The event is", "title": "Nuclear safety in the United States" }, { "id": "7188803", "text": "number of power plants was at 100 with 4 under construction. Following the 2011 Japanese nuclear accidents, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission has announced it will launch a comprehensive safety review of the 104 nuclear power reactors across the United States, at the request of President Obama. A total of 45 groups and individuals had formally asked the NRC to suspend all licensing and other activities at 21 proposed nuclear reactor projects in 15 states until the NRC had completed a thorough post-Fukushima reactor crisis examination. The petitioners also asked the NRC to supplement its own investigation by establishing an", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "2959302", "text": "and 2,120 actively deployed. Of the warheads actively deployed, the number of strategic warheads rests at 1,920 (subtracting 200 tactical B61s as part of Nato nuclear weapon sharing arrangements). The amount of warheads being actively disabled rests at about 2,700 warheads, which brings the total United States inventory to about 7,400 warheads. The U.S. Air Force currently operates 400 Minuteman III ICBMs, located primarily in the northern Rocky Mountain states and the Dakotas. Peacekeeper missiles were phased out of the Air Force inventory in 2005. All USAF Minuteman II missiles were destroyed in accordance with the START treaty and their", "title": "United States and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "id": "15487313", "text": "energy industry more strictly than most other industries. The NRC and the Department of Energy (DOE), work together to insure plant safety, building and operational permits, movement and storage of nuclear waste, management of weapons-grade byproducts of plants, radiation protection, and loan guarantees. The United States has more active nuclear power plants than any other country in the world, with 104 plants out of the total 441 active sites and another 62 under construction worldwide. This is nearly twice as many sites as the next two countries, France (58) and Japan (55), combined. Construction of U.S. nuclear facilities peaked between", "title": "Nuclear energy policy of the United States" }, { "id": "8358448", "text": "Treaty set into place in 2010, the United States continued reducing its numbers of warheads and delivery systems with a focus on modernizing and updating its most effective platforms. The United States has released a plan to complete its downsizing efforts in 2018, reducing its 2010 numbers of 880 delivery vehicles and 2,152 warheads to 800 delivery vehicles and 1,550 warheads. In their release of the 2017 NPR, the Trump Administration made clear that the United States supports global nuclear weapons elimination. President Donald Trump also stated his intent to keep the US safe, as well as allies and partners.", "title": "Nuclear triad" }, { "id": "15487353", "text": "both in the United States and worldwide, soured significantly after several nuclear-related incidents. According to Benjamin K. Sovacool, writer and professor at Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy and a leading environmental researcher in nuclear energy policy, in the United States alone, there were over 52 different incidents from 1959–2010, ranging from leaks, cooling rod malfunctions, explosions, cracks in the core, electrocutions, core overheating and other issues. These incidents led to the deaths of seven individuals and to costs estimated at $8.56 billion (inflation adjusted to 2006). One of the largest accidents was the Three Mile Island incident", "title": "Nuclear energy policy of the United States" }, { "id": "9883989", "text": "Davis-Besse reactor found a large rust hole in the top of the reactor pressure vessel. Recent concerns have been expressed about safety issues affecting a large part of the nuclear fleet of reactors. In 2012, the Union of Concerned Scientists, which tracks ongoing safety issues at operating nuclear plants, found that \"leakage of radioactive materials is a pervasive problem at almost 90 percent of all reactors, as are issues that pose a risk of nuclear accidents\". Following the Japanese 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, according to Black & Veatch’s annual utility survey that took place after the disaster, of the", "title": "Nuclear history of the United States" }, { "id": "8358451", "text": "variants were eliminated to allow for the United States to honor the reduction requirements set forth by the New START Treaty. By February 2015, the United States Air Force had deactivated all missiles of this type and filled the silos containing them with gravel. The U.S. Minuteman III ICBMs are spread between three Air Force bases which are Francis E. Warren Air Force Base in Wyoming, Malmstrom Air Force Base in Montana, and Minot Air Force Base in North Dakota with each of these bases in possession of 150 missiles. Multiple programs have been put into place and are currently", "title": "Nuclear triad" }, { "id": "16215150", "text": "favor eliminating all nuclear weapons, 59 percent support removing all nuclear weapons from high alert, and 53 percent support cutting the Russian and U.S. nuclear arsenals to 400 nuclear weapons each. In the United States, 73 percent of the public favors eliminating all nuclear weapons, 64 percent support removing all nuclear weapons from high alert, and 59 percent support reducing Russian and U.S. nuclear arsenals to 400 weapons each. Eighty percent of Russians and Americans want their countries to participate in the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. According to a 2010 Soka Gakkai International survey of youth attitudes in Japan, Korea,", "title": "Public opinion on nuclear issues" }, { "id": "5305034", "text": "stockpiled (later, stockpiles of previously undeclared nerve agent and mustard gas shells were located in Iraq), and the Bush administration said that its policies on proliferation were responsible for the Libyan government's agreement to abandon its nuclear ambitions. The United States is one of the five nuclear weapons states with a declared nuclear arsenal under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), of which it was an original drafter and signatory on 1 July 1968 (ratified 5 March 1970). All signatories of the NPT agreed to refrain from aiding in nuclear weapons proliferation to other states. Further under", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "3672505", "text": "The United States Navy has by far the most nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, with ten Nimitz-class carriers and one Gerald R. Ford-class carrier in service. The last conventionally-powered aircraft carrier left the U.S. fleet as of 12 May 2009, when the USS \"Kitty Hawk\" (CV-63) was deactivated. France's latest aircraft carrier, the \"R91 Charles de Gaulle\", is nuclear-powered. The United Kingdom rejected nuclear power early in the development of its \"Queen Elizabeth\"-class aircraft carriers on cost grounds, as even several decades of fuel use costs less than a nuclear reactor. Since 1949 the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania has", "title": "Nuclear navy" }, { "id": "14677676", "text": "agencies at the local, state and federal levels tried to solve the problem and decide whether the ongoing accident required an emergency evacuation, and to what extent. Cleanup started in August 1979 and officially ended in December 1993, with a total cleanup cost of about $1 billion. In his 2007 preliminary assessment of major energy accidents, Benjamin K. Sovacool, estimated that the TMI accident caused a total of $2.4 billion in property damages. The health effects of the Three Mile Island accident are widely, but not universally, agreed to be very low level. The TMI accident forced regulatory and operational", "title": "Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States" }, { "id": "2194823", "text": "explosion's effects, it did not give an appreciable understanding of nuclear fallout, which was not well understood by the project scientists until well after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The United States conducted six atomic tests before the Soviet Union developed their first atomic bomb (RDS-1) and tested it on August 29, 1949. Neither country had very many atomic weapons to spare at first, and so testing was relatively infrequent (when the U.S. used two weapons for \"Operation Crossroads\" in 1946, they were detonating over 20% of their current arsenal). However, by the 1950s the United States had", "title": "Nuclear weapons testing" }, { "id": "7188774", "text": "to be decommissioned, on October 24, 2016. Another five aging reactors were permanently closed in 2013 and 2014 before their licenses expired because of high maintenance and repair costs at a time when natural gas prices have fallen: San Onofre 2 and 3 in California, Crystal River 3 in Florida, Vermont Yankee in Vermont, and Kewaunee in Wisconsin, and New York State is seeking to close Indian Point in Buchanan, 30 miles from New York City. Most reactors began construction by 1974; following the Three Mile Island accident in 1979 and changing economics, many planned projects were canceled. More than", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "2194828", "text": "roughly 86% of all nuclear tests, their compliance cut the overall level substantially. France continued atmospheric testing until 1974, and China until 1980. A tacit moratorium on testing was in effect from 1958 to 1961, and ended with a series of Soviet tests in late 1961, including the Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever tested. The United States responded in 1962 with Operation Dominic, involving dozens of tests, including the explosion of a missile launched from a submarine. Almost all new nuclear powers have announced their possession of nuclear weapons with a nuclear test. The only acknowledged nuclear power", "title": "Nuclear weapons testing" }, { "id": "3979245", "text": "Russian Duma. The replacement 2002 Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty delayed reductions to 2012, with a limit of 2,200 operationally deployed warheads. The New START treaty signed in 2010 commits to lowering that limit to 1,550 warheads, and was ratified by the Russian Duma on 26 January 2011. Enduring Stockpile The Enduring Stockpile is the United States' arsenal of nuclear weapons following the end of the Cold War. During the Cold War the United States produced over 70,000 nuclear weapons. By its end, the U.S. stockpile was about 23,000 weapons of 26 different types. The production of nuclear weapons ended in", "title": "Enduring Stockpile" }, { "id": "2952647", "text": "document \"Essentials of Post–Cold War Deterrence\", produced by the Policy Subcommittee of the Strategic Advisory Group (SAG) of the United States Strategic Command. On April 8, 2010, former U.S. President Barack Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev signed the New START Treaty, which called for a fifty percent reduction of strategic nuclear missile launchers and a curtailment of deployed nuclear warheads. The U.S. Senate ratified the treaty in December 2010 by a three-quarter majority. On December 22, 2016, U.S. President Donald Trump proclaimed in a tweet that \"the United States must greatly strengthen and expand its nuclear capability until such", "title": "Nuclear arms race" }, { "id": "7188772", "text": "Nuclear power in the United States Nuclear power in the United States is provided by 99 commercial reactors with a net capacity of 100,350 megawatts (MW), 65 pressurized water reactors and 34 boiling water reactors. In 2016 they produced a total of 805.3 terawatt-hours of electricity, which accounted for 19.7% of the nation's total electric energy generation. In 2016, nuclear energy comprised nearly 60 percent of U.S. emission-free generation. , there are two new reactors under construction with a gross electrical capacity of 2,500 MW, while 34 reactors have been permanently shut down. The United States is the world's largest", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "20413761", "text": "It has effectively ceased functioning around 2011, having run out of funds a few years earlier, with the United States government, which originally funded it, declining to provide it with additional resources. From June 30, 1946, to August 18, 1958, the United States detonated sixty-seven nuclear bombs with a total yield of on the Bikini and Enewet atolls of the Marshall Islands, resulting in significant damage to the atolls and nearby areas. From 1981, several cases were brought by Marshall Island inhabitants in front of the United States Court of Claims. Following the signing of the Compact of Free Association", "title": "Nuclear Claims Tribunal" }, { "id": "5305044", "text": "in various op-ed columns have proposed an ambitious program of urgent steps to that end. The four have created the Nuclear Security Project to advance this agenda. Organizations such as Global Zero, an international non-partisan group of 300 world leaders dedicated to achieving nuclear disarmament, have also been established. Operational American strategic nuclear forces, July 1, 2016 Notes: Sources Nuclear weapons of the United States The United States was the first country to manufacture nuclear weapons and is the only country to have used them in combat, with the separate bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in World War II. Before", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "5305038", "text": "31 July 2001. The program provides compensation and health benefits to Department of Energy nuclear weapons workers (employees, former employees, contractors and subcontractors) as well as compensation to certain survivors if the worker is already deceased. By 14 August 2010, the program had already identified 45,799 civilians who lost their health (including 18,942 who developed cancer) due to exposure to radiation and toxic substances while producing nuclear weapons for the United States. The United States is one of the five recognized nuclear powers by the signatories of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). As of 2017, the", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" }, { "id": "10055579", "text": "seen as providing industry protection rather than defending the safety of the public. Nuclear safety in the United States Nuclear safety in the United States is governed by federal regulations issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The NRC regulates all nuclear plants and materials in the United States except for nuclear plants and materials controlled by the U.S. government, as well those powering naval vessels. The 1979 Three Mile Island accident was a pivotal event that led to questions about U.S. nuclear safety. Earlier events had a similar effect, including a 1975 fire at Browns Ferry and the 1976", "title": "Nuclear safety in the United States" }, { "id": "10055539", "text": "Nuclear safety in the United States Nuclear safety in the United States is governed by federal regulations issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The NRC regulates all nuclear plants and materials in the United States except for nuclear plants and materials controlled by the U.S. government, as well those powering naval vessels. The 1979 Three Mile Island accident was a pivotal event that led to questions about U.S. nuclear safety. Earlier events had a similar effect, including a 1975 fire at Browns Ferry and the 1976 testimonials of three concerned GE nuclear engineers, the GE Three. In 1981, workers", "title": "Nuclear safety in the United States" }, { "id": "8358450", "text": "light aircraft. These smaller bombs also yield smaller payloads due to their decreased size. The B61-11 is a more hardened bomb that can be used to destroy hardened targets such as bunkers, however it is unlikely that it can penetrate steel or concrete. The B83 is currently the largest bomb in the US arsenal. The US plans to retire it by the year 2025 after the new B61 LEP is completed. The United States continues to operate its Minuteman III ICBMs (three warheads each) from underground hardened silos under the command of U.S. Air Force Global Strike Command. The Peacekeeper", "title": "Nuclear triad" }, { "id": "8358449", "text": "Until a time where nuclear weapons are not longer needed, the Trump Administration has also stated its intent to maintain a \"modern, flexible, and resilient\" nuclear armada. Since the height of the Cold War, the US's nuclear armada has been reduced by over 85 percent. The Trump Administration acknowledges it faces a \"more diverse and advanced nuclear-threat environment than ever before.\" It is estimated that the US currently has around 475 B-61 and B-83 bombs. The B61-7 is carried by the B-2, whereas the B61-3, 4, and 10 are lighter and can be carried by the F-16, F-35, and other", "title": "Nuclear triad" }, { "id": "17074304", "text": "in 2017. Historical nuclear weapons stockpiles and nuclear tests by country This article shows various estimates of the nuclear weapons stockpiles of various countries at various points in time. This article also shows the number of nuclear weapons tests conducted by each country at various points in time. The United States nuclear stockpile increased rapidly from 1945, peaked in 1966, and declined after that. By 2012, the United States had several times fewer nuclear weapons than it had in 1966. The Soviet Union developed its first nuclear weapon in 1949 and increased its nuclear stockpile rapidly until it peaked in", "title": "Historical nuclear weapons stockpiles and nuclear tests by country" }, { "id": "7188850", "text": "nuclear power in the US, spurred by anticipated government curbs on carbon emissions, and a belief that fossil fuels would become more costly. Ultimately however, as of 2018 following Westinhouse's Chapter 11 bankruptcy, only two new nuclear reactors are under construction in the U.S., at Vogtle. In addition Watts Bar unit 2, whose construction was started in 1973 but suspended in the 1980s, was completed and commissioned in 2016. The federal government encouraged development of nuclear power through the Nuclear Power 2010 Program, which coordinates efforts for building new nuclear power plants, and the Energy Policy Act which has provisions", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "10581381", "text": "24 were deployed as part of the \"Emergency Capability\" program. The MK 17/24 bombs were long, diameter. They weighed 21 tons. The Mark 17 had a yield of . Total production of Mk 17s was 200, and there were 105 Mk 24s produced, all between October 1954 and November 1955. The Mark 17 and Mark 24 were identical in all respects save for the design of their primary section. They were the largest nuclear weapons ever put into service by the United States; only the Convair B-36 Peacemaker was capable of carrying them. A total of five EC 17 and", "title": "Mark 17 nuclear bomb" }, { "id": "8358444", "text": "of almost 5,000 available weapons. The pinnacle of the 1990s in terms of global nuclear policy was the START Treaty in 1991 and the START II Treaty in 1993. These treaties called for the reduction of nuclear warheads and delivery systems within both the Soviet Union and the United States. Specifically, the U.S. was limited to 6,000 total warheads, 4,900 warheads on ballistic missiles, and 1,600 delivery vehicles. Consequentially, the United States began reducing both its warhead and delivery vehicle counts during this time. By the time they had completed the implementation of the START Treaty in 2001, the total", "title": "Nuclear triad" }, { "id": "10055572", "text": "The World Nuclear Association has stated that cleanup of the damaged nuclear reactor system at TMI-2 took nearly 12 years and cost approximately US $973 million. Benjamin K. Sovacool, in his 2007 preliminary assessment of major energy accidents, estimated that the TMI accident caused a total of $2.4 billion in property damages. The health effects of the Three Mile Island accident are widely, but not universally, agreed to be very low level. The accident triggered protests around the world. The United States Government Accountability Office reported more than 150 incidents from 2001 to 2006 alone of nuclear plants not performing", "title": "Nuclear safety in the United States" }, { "id": "7188817", "text": "problem at almost 90 percent of all reactors, as are issues that pose a risk of nuclear accidents\". The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission reports that radioactive tritium has leaked from 48 of the 65 nuclear sites in the United States. Following the Japanese Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, according to Black & Veatch’s annual utility survey that took place after the disaster, of the 700 executives from the US electric utility industry that were surveyed, nuclear safety was the top concern. There are likely to be increased requirements for on-site spent fuel management and elevated design basis threats at nuclear power", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "8358453", "text": "leg of the United States' nuclear triad is still going strong. Currently, the SSBN fleet consists of 14 \"Ohio\"-class submarines each capable of carrying 24 Trident II missiles. These ballistic missile submarines are based out of Kings Bay, Georgia, and Bangor, Washington. The New START Treaty has led the United States to begin reducing the number of missiles carried on each submarine from 24 to 20 and these reductions will be reached before the end of 2018. In the early 2000s, the United States possessed 18 \"Ohio\"-class submarines. Following START Treaty protocol, the United States enacted various programs to reach", "title": "Nuclear triad" }, { "id": "20059481", "text": "1976. Kristensen writes that the DOD withdrawal of forward-deployed weapons was 'not simply' due to the sovereignty-return negotiations. After reversion, the nuclear alert role on Okinawa increased and command and control aircraft continued to operate from the island. The U.S. continues to follow the policy of \"neither confirm nor deny\" regarding the present location of U.S. nuclear weapons and in many cases, of past locations. Early in March 2010 a Government of Japan inquiry revealed the existence of secret agreements for nuclear weapons brought into Japan. The panel findings ended decades of official denial about the secret nuclear agreements in", "title": "U.S. nuclear weapons in Japan" }, { "id": "5767860", "text": "K. Sovacool has reported that worldwide there have been 99 accidents at nuclear power plants. Fifty-seven accidents have occurred since the Chernobyl disaster, and 57% (56 out of 99) of all nuclear-related accidents have occurred in the USA. Serious nuclear power plant accidents include the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster (2011), Chernobyl disaster (1986), Three Mile Island accident (1979), and the SL-1 accident (1961). Stuart Arm states, \"apart from Chernobyl, no nuclear workers or members of the public have ever died as a result of exposure to radiation due to a commercial nuclear reactor incident.\" The International Atomic Energy Agency maintains", "title": "Nuclear power phase-out" }, { "id": "12440914", "text": "States was eroded sharply following the 2011 Japanese nuclear accidents, with support for building nuclear power plants in the U.S. dropping slightly lower than it was immediately after the Three Mile Island accident in 1979, according to a CBS News poll. Only 43 percent of those polled 10 days after the Fukushima nuclear emergency said they would approve building new power plants in the United States. A Gallup poll in the US in March 2015 found support for nuclear power at 51%, with 43% opposed. This was the lowest level of support for nuclear since 2001, and significantly down from", "title": "Nuclear power debate" }, { "id": "3976863", "text": "postponed it across the midnight deadline. After the conclusion of Hardtack II, the United States announced a unilateral testing moratorium, which the Soviet Union joined after two last tests on November 1 and 3. In September 1961, the Soviet Union resumed nuclear testing — this period included the test of the most powerful nuclear device ever designed, the \"Tsar Bomba\" on October 30, 1961 — and the United States followed suit with \"Operation Nougat\". Operation Hardtack II Operation Hardtack II was a series of 37 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1958 at the Nevada Test Site. These", "title": "Operation Hardtack II" }, { "id": "7188823", "text": "increase the identified reserves as of 2013 to 7.64 million tons. Over the decade 2003–2013, the identified reserves of uranium (at the same price of US$130/kg) rose from 4.59 million tons in 2003 to 5.90 million tons in 2013, an increase of 28%. The United States has the 4th largest uranium reserves in the world. The U.S. has its most prominent uranium reserves in New Mexico, Texas, and Wyoming. The U.S. Department of Energy has approximated there to be at least 300 million pounds of uranium in these areas. Domestic production increased until 1980, after which it declined sharply due", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "8358445", "text": "warhead count was 6,196 and the total delivery system count was 1,064. These values continued to shrink, and by 2009 the United States reduced its warhead and delivery vehicles counts to 2,200 and 850 respectively. Following the Cold War, the United States continued upgrading its various types of ICBMs. Minuteman II variants were all but eliminated and continued efforts were put toward Minuteman III and Peacekeeper variants. In 2001, the United States possessed 500 Minuteman III missiles (three warheads each) and 50 Peacekeeper missiles (ten warheads each). Within its nuclear submarine fleet, the United States eliminated the usage of the", "title": "Nuclear triad" }, { "id": "416363", "text": "their first thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs), far more powerful than the atomic bombs tested and deployed since 1945. In 1954, the US Castle Bravo test at Bikini Atoll (part of Operation Castle) had a yield of 15 megatons of TNT, more than doubling the expected yield. The Castle Bravo test resulted in the worst radiological event in US history as radioactive particles spread over more than , affected inhabited areas (including Rongelap Atoll and Utirik Atoll), and sickened Japanese fishermen aboard the \"Lucky Dragon\" upon whom \"ashes of death\" had rained. In the same year, a Soviet test sent radioactive", "title": "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty" }, { "id": "7357244", "text": "France, China The primary application to date has been military (i.e. nuclear weapons), and the remainder of explosions include the following: Only two nuclear weapons have been deployed in combat—both by the United States against Japan in World War II. The first event occurred on the morning of 6 August 1945, when the United States Army Air Forces dropped a uranium gun-type device, code-named \"Little Boy\", on the city of Hiroshima, killing 70,000 people, including 20,000 Japanese combatants and 20,000 Korean slave laborers. The second event occurred three days later when the United States Army Air Forces dropped a plutonium", "title": "Nuclear explosion" }, { "id": "7188795", "text": "Power Plant, which was the source of two of the top five highest conditional core damage frequency nuclear incidents in the United States since 1979, according to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Despite the concerns which arose among the public after the Three Mile Island incident, the accident highlights the success of the reactor's safety systems. The radioactivity released as a result of the accident was almost entirely confined within the reinforced concrete containment structure. These containment structures, found at all nuclear power plants, were designed to successfully trap radioactive material in the event of a melt down or accident.", "title": "Nuclear power in the United States" }, { "id": "11940659", "text": "from electromagnetic pulse has also been intensively studied throughout the European Union, and in particular by the United Kingdom. While precautions have been taken, James Woolsey and the EMP Commission suggested that an EMP is the most significant threat to the U.S. The greatest threat to human survival in the aftermath of an EMP blast would be the inability to access clean drinking water. For comparison, in the aftermath of the 2010 Haitian earthquake, the water infrastructure had been devastated and led to at least 3,333 deaths from cholera in the first few months after the earthquake. Other countries would", "title": "Nuclear holocaust" }, { "id": "15487360", "text": "the burning core in an effort to extinguish the blaze and limit the release of radioactive particles.\" Aside from the two initial deaths, officially, 28 more died in the following weeks. Soon after, 336,000 people were evacuated after the explosion and fire. Eradiated ash, dust, and smoke traveled across much of Europe including Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. There is a heated debate over the official number of deaths, illnesses and subsequent birth defects caused by the plant's meltdown. The estimated number of deaths potentially resulting from the accident vary enormously; the World Health Organization (WHO) suggested it could reach 4,000", "title": "Nuclear energy policy of the United States" }, { "id": "15487342", "text": "The halting of construction of these reactors marks the \"second of the four to die; Calvert Cliffs 3, in Maryland, seems unlikely at this point, because Constellation Energy could not reach financial terms with the Energy Department. The department has granted a conditional loan guarantee to one project in Georgia and may give another to a project in South Carolina.\" The House passed the Advanced Nuclear Technology Act of 2017 on January 23, 2017. Most states have been complicit with the utility companies' installation of nuclear plants, but some states have not. Although the federal government has the foremost control", "title": "Nuclear energy policy of the United States" }, { "id": "2524533", "text": "Treaty on the non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1 July 1968 (NPT) as they committed to do under the Lisbon Protocol (Protocol to the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms) after becoming independent nations in the wake of the breakup of the Soviet Union. Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine have disposed of all their nuclear weapons or transferred them to Russia, while the U.S. and Russia have reduced the capacity of delivery vehicles to 1,600 each, with no more than 6,000 warheads. A report", "title": "START I" }, { "id": "14803917", "text": "producing approximately 20% of the country's electrical energy needs. In absolute terms, the United States is the world's largest supplier of commercial nuclear power. However, the development of nuclear power in the United States has been stymied ever since the Three Mile Island nuclear accident in 1979. Future development of nuclear power in the U.S. was to be enabled by the Energy Policy Act of 2005 and co-ordinated by the Nuclear Power 2010 Program, but many license applications filed with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for proposed new reactors have been suspended or cancelled. As of October 2011, plans for about", "title": "Nuclear energy policy by country" }, { "id": "9883986", "text": "of the Soviet Union. This reduction of nuclear weapons was characterized such as the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (1987) and the START I (1991). After the Cold War, dramatic changes of the nuclear affairs of the United States are small. Nuclear equipments whether civilian or military are the same scale as the 1980s. Nuclear safety and security in the U.S. is governed by federal regulations issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The NRC regulates all nuclear plants and materials in the U.S. except for of nuclear plants and materials controlled by the U.S. government, as well those powering naval", "title": "Nuclear history of the United States" }, { "id": "7357243", "text": "of 15 kilotons; and a plutonium implosion-type bomb (Fat Man) on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, with a blast yield of 21 kilotons. In the years following World War II, eight countries have conducted nuclear tests with 2475 devices fired in 2120 tests. In 1963, the United States, Soviet Union, and United Kingdom signed the Limited Test Ban Treaty, pledging to refrain from testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, underwater, or in outer space. The treaty permitted underground tests. Many other non-nuclear nations acceded to the Treaty following its entry into force; however, two nuclear weapons states have not acceded:", "title": "Nuclear explosion" }, { "id": "296319", "text": "its reliance on nuclear weapons. U.S. officials have also pointed out the ongoing U.S. work to dismantle nuclear warheads. When current accelerated dismantlement efforts ordered by President George W. Bush have been completed, the U.S. arsenal will be less than a quarter of its size at the end of the Cold War, and smaller than it has been at any point since the Eisenhower administration, well before the drafting of the NPT. The United States has also purchased many thousands of weapons' worth of uranium formerly in Soviet nuclear weapons for conversion into reactor fuel. As a consequence of this", "title": "Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons" }, { "id": "289359", "text": "an entire city by blast, fire, and radiation. Since they are weapons of mass destruction, the proliferation of nuclear weapons is a focus of international relations policy. Nuclear weapons have been used twice in war, both times by the United States against Japan near the end of World War II. On August 6, 1945, the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a uranium gun-type fission bomb nicknamed \"Little Boy\" over the Japanese city of Hiroshima; three days later, on August 9, the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a plutonium implosion-type fission bomb nicknamed \"Fat Man\" over the Japanese city of Nagasaki.", "title": "Nuclear weapon" } ]	how many nuclear missles does the us have
[ "Philadelphia Eagles", "Minnesota Vikings" ]	[ { "id": "18465624", "text": "2017 NFL season The 2017 NFL season was the 98th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 7, 2017, with the Kansas City Chiefs defeating the defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots 42–27 in the NFL Kickoff Game. The season concluded with Super Bowl LII, where the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles faced the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots. The Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots 41–33 to win their first title in franchise history. It was also a rematch of Super Bowl XXXIX,", "title": "2017 NFL season" }, { "id": "22343", "text": "secured an 11–5 record and a first round bye. In the divisional round of the playoffs, Atlanta defeated the Seahawks 36–20 in the Georgia Dome, and hosted their last game at the Dome against the Green Bay Packers in the NFC Championship Game on January 22, 2017. The Falcons defeated the Packers 44–21 to advance to Super Bowl LI as the NFC champions. Atlanta was up 28–3 late in the third quarter, and the New England Patriots scored 31 unanswered points, with the last 6 in the first-ever overtime in the Super Bowl. The Patriots' 25-point comeback was the largest", "title": "Atlanta Falcons" }, { "id": "19807840", "text": "threw an incomplete pass to Julio Jones, essentially sealing a 15-10 win for the Eagles. Against many analyst predictions, the top seeded Philadelphia Eagles advanced to the NFC Championship game. The Eagles were once again underdogs going into the NFC Championship Game, this time to the second-seeded Minnesota Vikings, who were coming off a notable playoff victory in the Divisional Round. This was the Eagles first NFC Championship appearance since the 2008–09 NFL playoffs. Though the Eagles allowed a Vikings touchdown on the opening drive, it was the Vikings only score. Case Keenum's pick-six to Patrick Robinson changed the game,", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "20121906", "text": "2017 ACC Championship Game The 2017 ACC Championship Game was played on December 2, 2017. It was the 13th annual ACC Football Conference Championship Game to determine the 2017 champion of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The game was held at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina. Clemson emerged victorious and became the 2017 ACC champions, beating Miami 38-3. The 2017 Championship Game was the 13th in the Atlantic Coast Conference's 65-year history. Last season, the ACC Championship Game featured the Clemson Tigers, champions of the Atlantic Division, and the Virginia Tech Hokies, champions of the Coastal Division. Clemson", "title": "2017 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "20121909", "text": "Tiger's third straight appearance in the ACC Championship game. Source: 2017 ACC Championship Game The 2017 ACC Championship Game was played on December 2, 2017. It was the 13th annual ACC Football Conference Championship Game to determine the 2017 champion of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The game was held at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina. Clemson emerged victorious and became the 2017 ACC champions, beating Miami 38-3. The 2017 Championship Game was the 13th in the Atlantic Coast Conference's 65-year history. Last season, the ACC Championship Game featured the Clemson Tigers, champions of the Atlantic Division, and", "title": "2017 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "19807795", "text": "New York Giants in Week 15 helped the Eagles clinch a first-round bye for the first time in 13 years, and a Christmas Night home win over the Oakland Raiders allowed the Eagles to clinch home-field advantage throughout the playoffs for the first time since 2004. The Eagles defeated the Atlanta Falcons 15–10 in the Divisional Round and routed the Minnesota Vikings 38–7 in the NFC Championship. The win against the Falcons in the divisional round was their first playoff win since 2008. The Eagles were the first No. 1 seed in the playoffs since 1980 to be an underdog", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "12917335", "text": "back-and-forth game 31–27, snapping a 4–game losing streak to the Ravens. With nine seconds remaining, Steelers receiver Antonio Brown scored the game's final points by reaching over the goal line in a play nicknamed the \"Immaculate Extension.\" The win secured the AFC North championship for Pittsburgh and eliminated Baltimore from playoff contention. On October 1, 2017, the Steelers beat the Ravens 26–9 at M&T Bank Stadium, which gave the Steelers their first win in Baltimore since 2012. The Steelers managed to sweep the Ravens in the 2017 NFL season with a high-scoring 39–38 victory at Heinz Field on December 10,", "title": "Ravens–Steelers rivalry" }, { "id": "289069", "text": "the Big Blue Wrecking Crew defense. As of 2017, this is the Giants' best regular season record since the NFL began playing 16-game seasons in 1978. After clinching the top seed in the NFC, the Giants defeated the 49ers 49–3 in the divisional round of the NFC playoffs and the Redskins 17–0 in the NFC championship game, advancing to their first Super Bowl, Super Bowl XXI, against the Denver Broncos at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena. Led by MVP Simms who completed 22 of 25 passes for a Super Bowl record 88% completion percentage, they defeated the Broncos 39–20, to", "title": "New York Giants" }, { "id": "20435987", "text": "prior to the championship. 2017 NAIA Football National Championship The 2017 NAIA Football National Championship was a four-round, sixteen team tournament played between November 18 and December 16 of 2017. The tournament will conclude on December 16 with a single game, played as the 62nd Annual NAIA Football National Championship . The game featured two undefeated teams that met in the semifinal round of the 2016 tournament, including the defending national champions, the #1-ranked Saint Francis Cougars. Their opponent was the #2-ranked Reinhardt Eagles, in only the 5th year of the program's existence. In the end, it was Saint Francis", "title": "2017 NAIA Football National Championship" }, { "id": "19807837", "text": "the underdogs. The Eagles entered their first playoff game as the first No.1 seeded team since the 1970 Colts to be an underdog in the playoffs. The Eagles relied on their defense to stop the 6th seeded Atlanta Falcons on their drives to prevail a 15-10 win to advance to the NFC Championship Game. In that game, against the top-ranked Minnesota Vikings defense, Nick Foles and the Eagles offense dominated drive after drive and came for 4 touchdowns and the defense bothered the Vikings all night as the Eagles destroyed the Vikings 38-7 to advance to Super Bowl LII in", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "19820626", "text": "a season in which their stadium hosted the Super Bowl. They defeated the New Orleans Saints in the Divisional Round 29–24 on a walk-off play referred to as the \"Minneapolis Miracle\", but lost 38–7 to the eventual Super Bowl champion Philadelphia Eagles in the NFC Championship Game. Draft trades The Vikings' preliminary preseason schedule was announced on April 10. Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. NFL London Games NFL on Thanksgiving Day With their win against the Saints in the NFC Divisional Round, Minnesota became the first team in the Super Bowl era to advance to the conference championship", "title": "2017 Minnesota Vikings season" }, { "id": "20435984", "text": "2017 NAIA Football National Championship The 2017 NAIA Football National Championship was a four-round, sixteen team tournament played between November 18 and December 16 of 2017. The tournament will conclude on December 16 with a single game, played as the 62nd Annual NAIA Football National Championship . The game featured two undefeated teams that met in the semifinal round of the 2016 tournament, including the defending national champions, the #1-ranked Saint Francis Cougars. Their opponent was the #2-ranked Reinhardt Eagles, in only the 5th year of the program's existence. In the end, it was Saint Francis that prevailed by a", "title": "2017 NAIA Football National Championship" }, { "id": "9303299", "text": "NFL Top 100 Players of 2017. As the number 2 seed in the NFC Playoffs, Ryan led the 11–5 Falcons to a 36–20 victory over the number 3 seeded Seattle Seahawks in the Divisional Round. Ryan passed for over 300 yards and had three touchdowns. In the NFC Championship game, Ryan led the Falcons to a 44–21 victory over the Green Bay Packers. Ryan threw for 392 yards for 4 touchdowns and no interceptions. He also ran for a fifth touchdown, just the fourth player to do so in a post-season game, as the Falcons earned a trip to Super", "title": "Matt Ryan (American football)" }, { "id": "17084788", "text": "2016 NFL season The 2016 NFL season was the 97th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 8, 2016, with the defending Super Bowl 50 champion Denver Broncos defeating the Carolina Panthers 21–20 in the NFL Kickoff Game. The season concluded with Super Bowl LI, the league's championship game on February 5, 2017, at NRG Stadium in Houston with the New England Patriots defeating the Atlanta Falcons 34–28 in overtime. For the first time since the Houston Oilers relocated to Tennessee in , an NFL team relocated to another state, as the", "title": "2016 NFL season" }, { "id": "2200064", "text": "trip to the AFC Championship Game. The Patriots then defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers, 36–17. Against the Steelers, Brady completed 32-of-42 passes for 384 yards, three touchdowns, and no interceptions. The win gave Brady and Patriots head coach Bill Belichick their record seventh conference title as a quarterback–head coach tandem, and the Patriots an NFL record ninth Super Bowl appearance. Brady and the Patriots faced the NFC champion Atlanta Falcons—who boasted the league's highest scoring offense—in Super Bowl LI at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas on Sunday, February 5, 2017. Brady threw for 43 completions on 62 attempts for 466 passing", "title": "Tom Brady" }, { "id": "17261707", "text": "four passes for 68 yards and a touchdown in a divisional round game against the Carolina Panthers. A week later, he caught a key two-point conversion in the NFC Championship Game against the Green Bay Packers, as the Seahawks rallied to defeat the Packers 28–22 to reached consecutive Super Bowls. In Super Bowl XLIX, Willson had no catches as the Seahawks failed to repeat as champions, defeated by the New England Patriots, who rallied in the fourth quarter behind quarterback On March 17, 2017, Willson re-signed with the Seahawks. After five years in Seattle, Willson signed a one-year, $2.5 million", "title": "Luke Willson" }, { "id": "18393963", "text": "Russell Wilson after he tripped over guard Rees Odhiambo's foot while taking a snap during the NFC Divisional Playoff against the Seattle Seahawks. The following week, Garland and the Falcons reached Super Bowl LI after winning the NFC Championship. Against the New England Patriots in Super Bowl LI, the Falcons lost 34–28 in overtime. In 2017, Garland played in all 16 games, starting three at left guard in place of the injured Andy Levitre. On March 12, 2018, the Falcons placed a second-round restricted free agent tender on Garland. Garland was stationed at Scott Air Force Base as a Public", "title": "Ben Garland" }, { "id": "15206387", "text": "for just the fourth time in franchise history. On January 22, 2017, Quinn's Falcons won the NFC Championship against the Green Bay Packers 44–21, clinching a berth to play in Super Bowl LI against the New England Patriots. Up 21–3 at halftime and 28–3 in the third quarter, the Falcons blew the largest lead in Super Bowl history and lost the game in overtime by a score of 34–28. NFL head coaches under whom Quinn has served: Assistant coaches under Quinn who have become NFL head coaches: Dan Quinn (American football) Daniel Patrick Quinn (born September 11, 1970) is an", "title": "Dan Quinn (American football)" }, { "id": "19819968", "text": "The Falcons were the only NFC team from the 2016 playoffs to qualify for the 2017 playoffs. In the playoffs, the Falcons defeated the Los Angeles Rams in the Wild Card Round, but lost against the eventual Super Bowl champion Philadelphia Eagles in the NFC Divisional round. Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. In their home opener, the Falcons hosted the Green Bay Packers in a rematch of the 2016 NFC Championship Game. This was the first regular season game at Mercedes-Benz Stadium. Despite prior reports that the roof would be closed for the game, Falcons owner Arthur Blank", "title": "2017 Atlanta Falcons season" }, { "id": "19807652", "text": "Bills in week 16, the Patriots obtained their 8th consecutive 12-or-more win season stretching all the way from 2010, an NFL record. Their Week 17 victory over the New York Jets clinched their top seed in the AFC for the second straight year, thus giving the Patriots home-field advantage throughout the entire AFC playoffs for the second year in a row. The Patriots defeated the Tennessee Titans in the Divisional Round 35–14, and the Jacksonville Jaguars in the AFC Championship Game 24–20, claiming their second consecutive AFC title. This was their seventh consecutive AFC Championship appearance, adding onto their record", "title": "2017 New England Patriots season" }, { "id": "3486557", "text": "play by hitting Eli Manning just as he released the pass, causing an incompletion. Peppers finished the game with 3 tackles, 1 sack, 2 quarterback hits, and 2 passes defended helping the Packers beat the Giants by a score of 38–13 and advance to the divisional playoff round against the Dallas Cowboys. Peppers helped beat the Cowboys the following week 34–31, but the Packers lost a week later to the Atlanta Falcons in the NFC championship game 44–21. On March 10, 2017, Peppers signed a one-year contract to return to the Carolina Panthers. Peppers stated that while he was away", "title": "Julius Peppers" }, { "id": "12843993", "text": "NFC Championship Game in team history, and their first appearance since the 2000 season with a 13–4 record. Brett Favre became the oldest player to start and win a playoff game, but also won his first postseason game in four against Dallas. This would be the Vikings' final win in a playoff game until (after) 2017. Coming off their dominant divisional home win over the Cowboys, the Vikings flew to the Louisiana Superdome for the NFC Championship Game against the top-seeded New Orleans Saints. Minnesota delivered the opening strike in the first quarter with running back Adrian Peterson's 19-yard touchdown", "title": "2009 Minnesota Vikings season" }, { "id": "19259115", "text": "players Jerome Bettis, Tony Gonzalez, Ray Lewis, and Charles Woodson. The game format was nearly the same for 2017 as it had been in 2016, with some exceptions: The following players were selected to represent the AFC: The following players were selected to represent the NFC: Notes: The game was televised nationally by ESPN and broadcast via radio by Westwood One. 2017 Pro Bowl The 2017 Pro Bowl (branded as the 2017 Pro Bowl presented by Aquafina for sponsorship reasons) was the National Football League's all-star game for the 2016 season, which was played at Camping World Stadium in Orlando,", "title": "2017 Pro Bowl" }, { "id": "19121786", "text": "that point) coming against the Seahawks. This was speculated to be the last NFL game ever in the Georgia Dome, but when the fourth-seeded Green Bay Packers upset the top-seeded Dallas Cowboys in the other Divisional Playoff the next day, Atlanta was named the host of the NFC Championship Game, the last ever game in the Dome. This was the Falcons' final game ever in the Georgia Dome after 25 seasons, as the team moved into the Mercedes-Benz Stadium in 2017. The Falcons never trailed in the game, scoring 31 unanswered points until Rodgers threw a touchdown pass halfway through", "title": "2016 Atlanta Falcons season" }, { "id": "19554071", "text": "or Pacific time zones since the 1995 game, which was held at the Kingdome in Seattle, Washington. North Carolina was playing in its second consecutive title game (and eleventh overall), after losing to Villanova at the buzzer the previous year. Meanwhile, Gonzaga was playing in its first-ever title game. It was the second national title game in three years – and the eighth overall – to be played between two No. 1 seeds. In his seventeenth year at the helm, Gonzaga head coach Mark Few led the team to its first Final Four and national championship game in school history,", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "19992852", "text": "2017 Conference USA Football Championship Game The 2017 Conference USA Championship Game was played on Saturday, December 2, 2017, at FAU Stadium in Boca Raton, Florida, and determined the 2017 football champion of Conference USA (C-USA). The game was played between Florida Atlantic, the East Division champion, and North Texas, the West Division champion. The title sponsor was Dynacraft BSC. In the 2016 championship game, hosted by WKU, the Hilltoppers had defeated Louisiana Tech 58–44. The 2017 championship game was the 13th game in the championship series and was won by Florida Atlantic, 41–17. North Texas claimed its place in", "title": "2017 Conference USA Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "20026011", "text": "2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game The 2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game was held on Saturday, December 2, 2017. This was the third year that the AAC Championship game is played. The game was a rematch of the September 30 matchup, which UCF won 40-13. The Memphis Tigers football team is a member of the American Athletic Conference in its West Division. They represented the West Division in the American Athletic Conference Championship Game. The Tigers entered the game 10–1 (7–1 in The American), their only loss coming at the hands of UCF back in September. Memphis", "title": "2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "19240340", "text": "2016–17 NFL playoffs The National Football League playoffs for the 2016 NFL season began on Saturday, January 7, 2017. The postseason tournament concluded with Super Bowl LI on Sunday, February 5, 2017, when the New England Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas. Source: The Raiders were one of the most dominant teams in the AFC during the season, but in the final two weeks of the regular season, they lost starting quarterback Derek Carr and second-string quarterback Matt McGloin to injuries. The Raiders lost the last game and ended up going into the playoffs with", "title": "2016–17 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "13290729", "text": "a first round bye and a playoff berth with a 14-2 record. They went on to defeat the Houston Texans in the Divisional round and the Pittsburgh Steelers in the AFC Championship. On February 5, 2017, Hightower appeared in Super Bowl LI and help the Patriots overcome a 25 point deficit and defeat the Atlanta Falcons 34-28 in overtime. Hightower recorded two solo tackles, one sack, and forced a fumble. On March 15, 2017, the New England Patriots signed Hightower to a four-year, $35.5 million contract that includes $17 million guaranteed and a $10 million signing bonus. It was later", "title": "Dont'a Hightower" }, { "id": "18449410", "text": "who defeated the Washington Huskies in the Peach Bowl. Having met in the previous year's championship game, the resulting title game between Clemson and Alabama became college football's first rematch between #1 and #2 in national championship game history. The Tigers won the game 35–31 on a go-ahead touchdown with one second left, having come back from a 14–0 deficit earlier in the game. Clemson quarterback and Heisman Finalist Deshaun Watson set the record for most passing yards in a championship game with 420, breaking his own record of 405 yards set in the 2016 national championship game. Deshaun Watson", "title": "2017 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "id": "19798824", "text": "per game and 478 total points scored - tops in both categories. On Christmas Eve, the Rams defeated the Tennessee Titans 27–23 in a Super Bowl XXXIV rematch to clinch the NFC West for the first time since 2003 and their first playoff berth since 2004. This was also their first division title as the Los Angeles Rams since the 1985 season. Their promising season came to a end as they were defeated by the No. 6 seed and defending NFC Champions, the Atlanta Falcons, 13–26 in the Wild Card Round. Coincidentally in the Rams' last playoff game in 2005,", "title": "2017 Los Angeles Rams season" }, { "id": "4701659", "text": "NFC Championship Game The NFC Championship Game (also unofficially referred to as the NFC Title Game) is one of the two semi-final playoff games of the National Football League (NFL), the largest professional American football league in the United States. The game is played on the penultimate Sunday in January and determines the champion of the National Football Conference (NFC). The winner then advances to face the winner of the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game in the Super Bowl. The game was established as part of the 1970 merger between the NFL and the American Football League (AFL), with", "title": "NFC Championship Game" }, { "id": "20121907", "text": "won the game 42–35, and went on to win the 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship. The championship game had been hosted in Charlotte, North Carolina from 2010 to 2015, and had been slated to host through at least 2019. However, in response to North Carolina's Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act (HB2), the ACC voted in September 2016 to move the 2016 championship out of North Carolina. Camping World Stadium in Orlando, Florida was chosen as a replacement site for the 2016 game. ACC Commissioner John Swofford delayed the decision on where to hold the 2017 football Championship Game", "title": "2017 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "19913850", "text": "three touchdowns and two interceptions. Kamara rushed for 43 yards, while also catching six passes for 72 yards and a touchdown. This was the first conference championship game to feature a team from Florida in 15 years (the Super Bowl XXXVII champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers won the 2002 NFC championship game). New England overcame a 10-point deficit in the fourth quarter to earn the franchise's 10th Super Bowl appearance. On the opening drive of the game, Patriots quarterback Tom Brady completed a 31-yard pass to Brandin Cooks and a 20-yard pass to wide receiver Danny Amendola on fourth-and-1 as the", "title": "2017–18 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "16858042", "text": "Super Bowl LI Super Bowl LI was an American football game played at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas, on February 5, 2017, to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2016 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots, after trailing by as many as 25 points (28–3) during the third quarter, defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Atlanta Falcons, 34–28 in overtime. The Patriots' 25-point comeback is the largest comeback in Super Bowl history, and Super Bowl LI was the first final to be decided in overtime. The Patriots' victory was their", "title": "Super Bowl LI" }, { "id": "20026021", "text": "two teams combined for 1,479 yard of offense, and 117 points. It was the highest-scoring conference championship game in the history of FBS. UCF quarterback McKenzie Milton threw for 494 yards, and 5 touchdown passes. Memphis quarterback Riley Ferguson threw for 471 yards, and 4 touchdowns, while two Memphis running backs (Henderson and Taylor) each rushed for over 100 yards. Source: 2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game The 2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game was held on Saturday, December 2, 2017. This was the third year that the AAC Championship game is played. The game was a rematch", "title": "2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "17084797", "text": "four winners of these playoff games visited the top two seeded teams in each conference in the Divisional round games, which were played on the weekend of January 14–15, 2017. The winners of those games advanced to the Conference championship games, which will be held on January 22, 2017. The 2017 Pro Bowl was held at the recently renovated Camping World Stadium (the former Citrus Bowl stadium) in Orlando, Florida on January 29, 2017 and aired on ESPN. Super Bowl LI was held on February 5, 2017 at NRG Stadium in Houston on Fox. On April 25, 2016, the 2nd", "title": "2016 NFL season" }, { "id": "19554070", "text": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game was the final game of the 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. It determined the national champion for the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The game was played on April 3, 2017, at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona between the Gonzaga Bulldogs and the North Carolina Tar Heels. North Carolina defeated Gonzaga, 71–65, to win its sixth men's basketball national championship. This was the first national championship game to be played in a state in either the Mountain", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "19807827", "text": "loss to Seattle, and for the first time since 2013, the Eagles clinched the NFC East title. However, Carson Wentz suffered an apparent knee injury while trying to dive for a touchdown late in the third quarter. He did throw a touchdown pass to Alshon Jeffery before being ruled out for the game's remainder. The Eagles were already without Darren Sproles, Jason Peters and Jordan Hicks for the rest of the year. Nick Foles would come in and replace Wentz. This was also the first matchup of the Jared Goff-Carson Wentz rivalry. Trailing by two in the final seconds, the", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "16778801", "text": "The Philadelphia Eagles finished the 2017 season atop the NFC East with a 13–3 record and clinched a playoff berth and home field advantage. On January 13, 2018, McLeod started his first career playoff game and recorded seven solo tackles and a sack on Matt Ryan during the Eagles' 15–10 victory against the Atlanta Falcons in the NFC Divisional round. The Eagles went on to defeat the Minnesota Vikings in the NFC Championship and went on to face the New England Patriots in the Super Bowl. On February 4, 2018, McLeod started in Super Bowl LII and recorded six combined", "title": "Rodney McLeod" }, { "id": "19992853", "text": "the title game on November 11 with a 45–10 win over UTEP. Florida Atlantic clinched the East division on November 18 after defeating rivals FIU 52-24 in the Shula Bowl. The win also ensured that the Owls would host the championship game. At the time, FAU was 7–0 in C-USA play to North Texas' 6–1, with each team having one conference game to play. Although an FAU loss and North Texas win would have left the teams tied, the Owls held the tiebreaker with a head-to-head win over the Mean Green during the season. North Texas went on to play", "title": "2017 Conference USA Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "17473814", "text": "Super Bowl LII Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41–33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after", "title": "Super Bowl LII" }, { "id": "19820596", "text": "recovered at the Seattle 6-yard line, and Ty Montgomery ran in for a touchdown on the following play, giving the Packers a lead they wouldn't relinquish after that. Later Rodgers caught the Seahawks with 12 men on the field and capitalized on the free play by throwing a 32-yard touchdown to Jordy Nelson. The Packers only surrendered two field goals to Seattle for the rest of the game, giving a strong defensive showing in the season opener. In a rematch of the 2017 NFC Championship game earlier that year, the Falcons defeated the Packers to open up their new stadium.", "title": "2017 Green Bay Packers season" }, { "id": "19704650", "text": "J. B. Holmes (10), Billy Horschel (7), Mark Hubbard, John Huh, Fredrik Jacobson, Zach Johnson (5), Kang Sung-hoon, Smylie Kaufman, Jerry Kelly, Michael Kim, Chris Kirk, Kevin Kisner (10), Patton Kizzire, Brooks Koepka (10), Jason Kokrak, Matt Kuchar (6,10), Anirban Lahiri, Martin Laird, Danny Lee, Spencer Levin, David Lingmerth (9), Luke List, Andrew Loupe, Jamie Lovemark, Shane Lowry (8), Peter Malnati, Ben Martin, Graeme McDowell, Troy Merritt, Phil Mickelson (5,10), Bryce Molder, Francesco Molinari (10), Kevin Na, Noh Seung-yul, Sean O'Hair, Louis Oosthuizen (10), Ryan Palmer, Scott Piercy, Chez Reavie, Kyle Reifers, Patrick Rodgers, Charl Schwartzel (10), Adam Scott (5,8,10),", "title": "2017 Players Championship" }, { "id": "19819970", "text": "the Falcons' victory, Adrian Clayborn set a new franchise record of six sacks in one game, breaking the previous record of five sacks. The win eliminated Green Bay from postseason contention. 2017 Atlanta Falcons season The 2017 season was the Atlanta Falcons' 52nd season in the National Football League and their third under head coach Dan Quinn. They entered the season as the defending NFC champions and tried to defend their NFC title for a second consecutive trip to the Super Bowl after losing the previous year against the Patriots in Super Bowl LI. This was the Falcons' first year", "title": "2017 Atlanta Falcons season" }, { "id": "18244904", "text": "and Celek to start the regular season. He played in the Philadelphia Eagles season-opening 30–17 victory over the Washington Redskins and recovered a fumble on a muffed punt by Redskins' wide receiver Jamison Crowder. On October 8, 2017, he caught two passes for 16-yards and made his second career touchdown reception on a 15-yard pass from Carson Wentz during a 34–7 victory over the Arizona Cardinals. On December 10, 2017, Burton recorded five receptions for 71 receiving yard and two touchdown receptions in the Eagles' NFC East Championship clinching 43–35 victory at the Los Angeles Rams. He received more playing", "title": "Trey Burton" }, { "id": "19913841", "text": "2nd consecutive AFC Championship meeting between the 2 teams. Vikings quarterback Case Keenum's 61-yard pass to Stefon Diggs on the game's final play sent them to the NFC title game for the first time since the 2009 season and marked the first time in the NFL postseason that a game was won with a touchdown on the final play of regulation. The game has been referred to as the \"Minneapolis Miracle.\" Minnesota dominated the first half, building up a 17–0 lead. The Saints had to punt on their opening drive, and Marcus Sherels returned the ball 19 yards to the", "title": "2017–18 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "18487979", "text": "in a 36–20 NFC Divisional game victory over the Seattle Seahawks. On January 22, 2017, he forced a key fumble after he stripped the ball away from Green Bay Packers' fullback Aaron Ripkowski and recovered it, leading to a touchdown. He also made three combined tackles and a pass deflection as the Falcons routed the Green Bay Packers 44–21. In Super Bowl LI against the New England Patriots, Collins had a team-high eleven total tackles in the 34–28 loss in overtime. Collins was suspended the first 10 games of the 2017 season for again violating the NFL's policy on performing", "title": "Jalen Collins" }, { "id": "19807797", "text": "won 24–21. Backup quarterback Nick Foles was named Super Bowl MVP and became the first backup to receive this award since his opponent, Tom Brady, did in Super Bowl XXXVI. The Eagles defeated both Super Bowl teams from the previous NFL season (the New England Patriots and the Atlanta Falcons) in the playoffs. They also defeated both teams who had beaten them in their only two previous Super Bowl appearances. They defeated the Oakland Raiders in the regular season, who beat them in Super Bowl XV and the Patriots in the Super Bowl, who previously beat them in Super Bowl", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "18247239", "text": "sack against Colin Kaepernick. In Week 13, against the Los Angeles Rams, Butler intercepted rookie quarterback Jared Goff for his second interception of the season. Against the New York Jets in Week 16 on Christmas Eve, Butler had the first multi-interception game of his career: he picked off both Bryce Petty and Ryan Fitzpatrick and also recovered a fumble. Butler was named second-team All-Pro by Pro Football Focus and the Associated Press. On February 5, 2017, Butler won his second Super Bowl championship as the Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons in overtime by a score of 34–28 in Super Bowl", "title": "Malcolm Butler" }, { "id": "16858108", "text": "the third quarter, the Falcons' chances of winning were estimated at 99.8%. Sources: The Football Database Super Bowl LI Completions/attempts<br>Carries<br>Long gain<br>Receptions<br>Times targeted Super Bowl LI had eight officials. The numbers in parentheses below indicate their uniform numbers. Super Bowl LI Super Bowl LI was an American football game played at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas, on February 5, 2017, to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2016 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots, after trailing by as many as 25 points (28–3) during the third quarter, defeated the National Football Conference", "title": "Super Bowl LI" }, { "id": "19807800", "text": "missing his receivers; as a result, the Eagles defense and special teams had to carry the offensive line for a 19-10 win on a cold Christmas night to seal home-field advantage throughout the NFC playoffs. The Eagles went on to lose a meaningless Week 17 game to the Dallas Cowboys in a shutout score of 6-0 in Nate Sudfeld's debut as an Eagle, but they finished with a record of 13-3, tying their 2004 season for that record. Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. The Eagles kicked off the 2017 season on the road against the Redskins. The Eagles", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "19437396", "text": "NFC South with an 11–5 record, receiving a first round bye and home field advantage throughout the playoffs. On January 13, 2017, Neal started his first career playoff game and led both teams with 11 combined tackles (ten solo) during the Falcons' 36–20 win against the Seattle Seahawks in the NFC Divisional Round. The following week, the Falcons defeated the Green Bay Packers 44–21 in the NFC Championship. On February 6, 2017, Neal collected 13 combined tackles (nine solo) during the Falcons' 34–28 overtime loss to the New England Patriots in Super Bowl LI. Defensive coordinator Richard Smith was fired", "title": "Keanu Neal" }, { "id": "19913865", "text": "AFC playoff games. Coverage of the NFC Wild Card and Divisional rounds was split between Fox and NBC, with each network having coverage of one game in each of those two rounds. CBS had exclusive coverage of the AFC Championship Game. Fox had exclusive coverage of the NFC Championship Game. NBC had exclusive coverage of Super Bowl LII. 2017–18 NFL playoffs The 2017–18 NFL playoffs began on January 6, 2018, after the 2017 season, and concluded with Super Bowl LII on Sunday, February 4, 2018, when the Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis,", "title": "2017–18 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "19807796", "text": "in the Divisional Round, as well as in the Conference Championship. In total, six Eagles players were selected for the Pro Bowl, including four first-time recipients. However, none of them participated due to preparations for Super Bowl LII. The Eagles defeated the New England Patriots by a score of 41–33 in Super Bowl LII for their first Super Bowl victory in franchise history. It was also their fourth NFL Championship, and their first league title since 1960. This was the second time the Eagles and Patriots battled in a Super Bowl; when they met in Super Bowl XXXIX, the Patriots", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "19913827", "text": "NFC Championship appearance since 2008, and their first at home since 2004. New England racked up eight sacks, 438 yards, and 31 first downs as they advanced to their seventh consecutive AFC Championship game. Midway through the first quarter, Tennessee drove 95 yards in 11 plays, featuring a 36-yard completion from Marcus Mariota to tight end Delanie Walker. Mariota finished the drive with a 15-yard touchdown pass to Corey Davis, who made a running one-handed catch in the back corner of the end zone to put the Titans up 7–0. However, the Patriots stormed right back, with Tom Brady completing", "title": "2017–18 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "19807751", "text": "Giants to win 30-17 and improve to 7-6 and 2-3 without Elliott. Despite the win against the Giants, the eventual Super Bowl champion Philadelphia Eagles clinched the NFC East title with the win against the Rams. The game was close all the way. The game was clinched when Derek Carr fumbled the ball out of the end zone with less than a minute left in the game, allowing the Cowboys to improve to 8–6 on the season and finish the last game without Elliott at 3–3. Elliott returned the next week. Zeke returns from his six-game suspension. With the loss,", "title": "2017 Dallas Cowboys season" }, { "id": "20435985", "text": "final score of 24-13. This was only the 5th time a team has managed back-to-back championships in the history of NAIA football. The championship game was played at Municipal Stadium in Daytona Beach, Florida. This was the 4th consecutive time the championship game was played at this venue after the prior six games were played at Barron Stadium in Rome, Georgia. A total of sixteen teams were selected to participate in the single-elimination tournament from across the country. The field included twelve conference champions who received automatic bids. The field was filled with at-large selections that were awarded to the", "title": "2017 NAIA Football National Championship" }, { "id": "16938342", "text": "which was the 13th highest grade among all qualified safteies in 2016. He was ranked 77th by fellow NFL players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017. The Green Bay Packers finished atop of their division with a 10–6 record, clinching a playoff berth. They defeated the New York Giants 38–13 in the NFC Wildcard Game and defeated the Dallas Cowboys 34–31 in the NFC Divisional Round. On January 22, 2017, Clinton-Dix started in the NFC Championship Game and recorded five solo tackles and two pass deflections as the Packers lost 44–21 at the Atlanta Falcons in the NFC", "title": "Ha Ha Clinton-Dix" }, { "id": "19807653", "text": "from the previous year. The win also made Tom Brady the oldest quarterback (40 years, 163 days) to win a playoff game, surpassing Brett Favre for the record. It was also the second time they advanced to the Super Bowl two consecutive seasons since 2004. They faced the Philadelphia Eagles in a rematch of Super Bowl XXXIX. This also made the Patriots the only team in NFL history to appear in ten Super Bowls, and gave the Patriots a chance to repeat as Super Bowl Champions for the second time in franchise history, and for the first time since 2004.", "title": "2017 New England Patriots season" }, { "id": "19807828", "text": "Rams attempted a last second comeback through lateral passes, but to no avail as a pass was fumbled with no time left on the clock, and returned by Brandon Graham for one more touchdown to add six to their lead. With the win, the Eagles advanced to 11-2 and clinched the NFC East. They also got back the #1 seed thanks to a Vikings loss to the Panthers earlier in the day. The day after the game, Wentz was revealed to have torn his ACL, officially ending his season and making Nick Foles the starting quarterback for the rest of", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "12880233", "text": "appeared in his first career playoff game and caught five passes for 48-yards during a 38–13 win against the New York Giants in the NFC Wildcard Game. On January 15, 2017, Cook made six receptions for 103-yards and a touchdown as the Packers' defeated the Dallas Cowboys 34–31 in the NFC Divisional Round. During the fourth quarter, Cook caught a 36-yard pass from Aaron Rodgers along the sideline with three seconds remaining in the game to set up the Packers' game-winning 51-yard field goal by Mason Crosby. The following week, Cook started in the NFC Championship Game and caught seven", "title": "Jared Cook" }, { "id": "19965893", "text": "the 2017 Big Ten Football Championship Game. No Big Ten teams were selected for the 2017 College Football Playoff. Penn State defeated Wisconsin, 38–31, for the Big Ten Football Championship Game. Ten teams participated in bowl games. Maryland lost to Boston College, 30–36, in the Quick Lane Bowl. Minnesota won, 17–12, over Washington State in the Holiday Bowl. Northwestern won over Pittsburgh, 31–24, in the Pinstripe Bowl. Indiana lost to Utah, 24–26, at the Foster Farms Bowl. Nebraska lost to Tennessee, 24–38, in the Music City Bowl. Iowa lost to Florida, 3–30, in the Outback Bowl. Michigan lost by 1", "title": "2017 Big Ten Conference football season" }, { "id": "20199050", "text": "the Beef upset the Bandits 55–45, thanks to a late touchdown with 11 seconds remaining in the game. Two days later, in the South Conference championship, the Revolution advanced to their second Champions Bowl with a 77–71 win over the Venom, their third win over the team in the 2017 season. Champions Bowl III Champions Bowl III was the third title game of Champions Indoor Football (CIF). It was played on June 23, 2017, and won by the Texas Revolution. The four teams (ordered by seeding) that made the postseason in the North Conference were the Sioux City Bandits, Omaha", "title": "Champions Bowl III" }, { "id": "20026012", "text": "was the second-highest scoring team in Division I FBS, second only to UCF. Memphis was seeking its second AAC championship title. The Tigers were co-champions of the AAC in 2014. The UCF Knights football team is a member of the American Athletic Conference in its East Division. They represented the East Division in the American Athletic Conference Championship Game. The Knights were the highest-scoring offense in Division I FBS, and ranked in the top ten in the nation in total yards per game, and passing yards per game. The Knights completed their football program's first undefeated regular season (11–0). The", "title": "2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "19807826", "text": "The Eagles defense stymied Mitchell Trubisky and the Bears offense, holding running back Jordan Howard to 6 yards on 7 rushes. Malcolm Jenkins and Corey Graham each added one interception. The Eagles struggled throughout this game with penalties and scoring blows that led them losing 24-10 to the Seattle Seahawks. With the loss, the Eagles snapped their 9-game winning streak, lost to Seattle for the fourth time since 2008 and fell to 10-2. The loss dropped them to a tie with the Minnesota Vikings for top seed in the NFC. The 10-2 Eagles bounced back from last week's heartbreaking 24-10", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "20121908", "text": "due to the ongoing controversy. On April 19, 2017, the ACC announced that the football championship game and other neutral site conference events would return to Charlotte in 2017. Miami secured its spot in the game by winning the Coastal Division. This is the first ACC divisional title and first appearance in the ACC Championship Game for the Hurricanes. Clemson qualified for the game by winning the Atlantic Division with a 7–1 record. Their only loss was to Syracuse, while the Tigers defeated: Louisville, Boston College, Virginia Tech, Wake Forest, Georgia Tech, NC State, and Florida State. This is the", "title": "2017 ACC Championship Game" }, { "id": "9303300", "text": "Bowl LI. During the Super Bowl against the New England Patriots, Ryan finished with 284 passing yards, two touchdowns, and a lost fumble. Although the Falcons led 28–3, it became the subject of one of the most historic downfalls in sports history as the Falcons lost the Super Bowl 28–34 in overtime. On September 10, 2017, in the season opening 23–17 victory over the Chicago Bears at Soldier Field, Ryan connected with tight end Austin Hooper for an 88-yard touchdown, which was the second-longest touchdown pass of Ryan's career. In the game, Ryan was 21-of-30 for 321 yards and the", "title": "Matt Ryan (American football)" }, { "id": "16194465", "text": "Packers' 38–13 win against the New York Giants in the NFC Wildcard game. After defeating the Dallas Cowboys in the NFC Divisional round, the Green Bay Packers lost 44–21 at the Atlanta Falcons in the NFC Championship. In the loss to the Falcons, Ryan had four total tackles. Ryan and Martinez returned as the starting inside linebackers to begin the 2017 regular season. He was sidelined for a Week 3 win against the Cincinnati Bengals after sustaining a hamstring injury and concussion the previous week. December 3, 2017, Ryan recorded ten combined tackles and made his first career sack on", "title": "Jake Ryan" }, { "id": "19704649", "text": "D. A. Points, Jon Rahm (10,14), Patrick Reed (3,10), Cameron Smith, Jordan Spieth (3,5,7,10,14), Brendan Steele (3,14), Henrik Stenson (3,5,10), Hudson Swafford (3), Justin Thomas (3,10,14), Jhonattan Vegas (3), Jimmy Walker (3,5,10) Justin Rose (3,5,10,14) Blayne Barber, Ricky Barnes, Zac Blair, Jason Bohn, Keegan Bradley, Scott Brown, Chad Campbell, Paul Casey (10), Roberto Castro, Alex Čejka, K. J. Choi, Ben Crane, Graham DeLaet, Luke Donald, Jason Dufner (5), Harris English, Derek Fathauer, Tony Finau, Jim Furyk, Robert Garrigus, Lucas Glover, Fabián Gómez, Branden Grace (10), Emiliano Grillo (10), Bill Haas (10), James Hahn, David Hearn, Jim Herman, Charley Hoffman (10),", "title": "2017 Players Championship" }, { "id": "19992855", "text": "was told where to go by the conference. Source: 2017 Conference USA Football Championship Game The 2017 Conference USA Championship Game was played on Saturday, December 2, 2017, at FAU Stadium in Boca Raton, Florida, and determined the 2017 football champion of Conference USA (C-USA). The game was played between Florida Atlantic, the East Division champion, and North Texas, the West Division champion. The title sponsor was Dynacraft BSC. In the 2016 championship game, hosted by WKU, the Hilltoppers had defeated Louisiana Tech 58–44. The 2017 championship game was the 13th game in the championship series and was won by", "title": "2017 Conference USA Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "19900838", "text": "2017 Big 12 Championship Game The 2017 Big 12 Championship Game was a college football game that was played on Saturday, December 2, 2017, at AT&T Stadium, in Arlington, Texas. The 16th Big 12 Championship Game, it determined the 2017 champion of the Big 12 Conference. The game featured the Oklahoma Sooners and the TCU Horned Frogs. This was Oklahoma's ninth appearance and was TCU's first appearance. The game was televised nationally by Fox. When the two teams met in the regular season, Oklahoma defeated TCU 38–20. This was the first time since 2010 that the conference champion was determined", "title": "2017 Big 12 Championship Game" }, { "id": "16192541", "text": "season, which secured their first non-losing year since 2006 (and first in Los Angeles since 1989). A week later, the Rams would defeat the Arizona Cardinals 32–16 to secure a winning season for the first time since the 2003 season. On December 24, 2017, the Rams defeated the Tennessee Titans 27–23 to clinch their first NFC West title since 2003 (and first in Los Angeles since 1985). The Rams would lose in the Wild Card game against the defending NFC champion Atlanta Falcons 26–13. \"* Between 1946 and 1994, the Los Angeles Rams Played a total of 679 Regular Season", "title": "History of the Los Angeles Rams" }, { "id": "19876806", "text": "2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season The 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season was the highest level of college football competition in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The regular season began on August 26, 2017 and ended on December 9, 2017. The Alabama Crimson Tide and Georgia Bulldogs played in the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship. Alabama defeated Georgia in overtime by a score of 26–23 on a game-winning touchdown pass from Tua Tagovailoa to Devonta Smith. Alabama claimed its 17th national title in school history, the most of any current", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season" }, { "id": "19554079", "text": "the Final Four to advance to the championship game. Meeks led the Tar Heels with a double-double – a career-high 25 points and 14 rebounds – including an important offensive rebound of a Berry missed free throw with 4.0 seconds left to clinch the victory. The game was televised in the United States by CBS. ESPN International had the media rights outside of the United States. Radio coverage in the United States was provided by Westwood One. Gonzaga led North Carolina at the half, 35–32. North Carolina outscored Gonzaga in the second half, 39–30, to win the championship. Gonzaga was", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game" }, { "id": "7345217", "text": "a 34–7 win against the Cincinnati Bengals. He finished his 2017 campaign with 35 combined tackles (25 solo), five passes defended, and an interception in 16 games and seven starts. The Minnesota Vikings finished atop the NFC North with a 13–3 record, clinching a first round bye and home-field advantage. They reached the NFC Championship Game after defeating the New Orleans Saints 29–24 in the NFC Divisional Round. On January 21, 2018, Newman started in the NFC Championship Game and record four solo tackles in the Vikings' 38–7 loss to the Philadelphia Eagles. Pro Football Focus gave Newman an overall", "title": "Terence Newman" }, { "id": "19798848", "text": "playoff game at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum since the 1978 NFC Championship Game. But the defending conference champion Falcons started off strong, capitalizing on two special teams miscues by the Rams to build a 13-0 lead on two Matt Bryant field goals and a 3-yard run by Devonta Freeman. Los Angeles rallied as Jared Goff connected with Cooper Kupp on a 14-yard touchdown pass and Sam Ficken hit a 35-yard field goal just before halftime. Todd Gurley was effective with 101 yards on just 14 carries, but the Falcons were able to control the clock, dominating time of possession", "title": "2017 Los Angeles Rams season" }, { "id": "20050484", "text": "minutes to go Nevelle Clarke intercepted Nutile in the endzone to halt any chance of an Owls rally. The Knights improved to 10–0 on the season. The 13th-ranked Knights welcomed the 22nd-ranked Bulls (9–1) to Spectrum Stadium with the winner of the game claiming the American Athletic Conference East Division title and a spot in the 2017 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game. The game was the first ranked match-up in the War on I-4 rivalry. The game quickly turned into an offensive shootout, with a total of 1,186 yards of offense between both teams. The game came down to", "title": "2017 UCF Knights football team" }, { "id": "19913794", "text": "2017–18 NFL playoffs The 2017–18 NFL playoffs began on January 6, 2018, after the 2017 season, and concluded with Super Bowl LII on Sunday, February 4, 2018, when the Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. These playoffs were notable for several teams snapping long playoff droughts, as the Buffalo Bills, Los Angeles Rams, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Tennessee Titans each qualified for the playoffs for the first time since 1999, 2004, 2007, and 2008, respectively. The playoffs were also notable for the Patriots reaching a seventh consecutive AFC Championship Game, extending their own", "title": "2017–18 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "18465657", "text": "for ESPN, although Salters will still be on MNF. McDonough will be replaced by Joe Tessitore, who has done work for ESPN as a College Football announcer, like McDonough, while Jason Witten, who would end up retiring after this season, will replace Gruden, with Booger McFarland, being added as a field analyst. 2017 NFL season The 2017 NFL season was the 98th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 7, 2017, with the Kansas City Chiefs defeating the defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots 42–27 in the NFL Kickoff Game.", "title": "2017 NFL season" }, { "id": "19712597", "text": "line. On the next play, defensive tackle Malcom Brown tackled Ravens' running back Kenneth Dixon in the backfield, resulting in a safety. On February 5, 2017, Jones was part of the Patriots team that won Super Bowl LI. In the game, the Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons by a score of 34–28 in overtime. In 2017, Jones played in all 16 regular-season games with four starts as the team's nickel cornerback and core special teamer. In Week 8 against the Los Angeles Chargers, Jones intercepted Philip Rivers in the final seconds of the game to close out a 21-13 win.", "title": "Jonathan Jones (American football)" }, { "id": "19819969", "text": "elected to open the roof if weather permitted, marking the first time since the 1991 season, the team's final season at their original home of Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, that the Falcons played a home game in Atlanta under open air. The Falcons controlled most of the game, went up by as much as 24, and won 34–23. They were led by Devonta Freeman (19 rushes, 84 yards, 2 TD) and Julio Jones (108 yards, 5 receptions). The 2017 Falcons became only the fourth team in NFL history to start 2–0 after they lost the Super Bowl the previous year. In", "title": "2017 Atlanta Falcons season" }, { "id": "19820041", "text": "Graham Gano, Carolina was down by seven at the half. Alvin Kamara scored a touchdown (Lutz kick) in the third, again increasing New Orleans' lead to 14 points. In the fourth quarter New Orleans scored 3 and Carolina scored 7. The Saints were too much for Carolina and won 31–21. Carolina fell to 8–4. In a game featuring two of the NFC's best teams, Carolina was able to hold off the Vikings and win 31–24. The Panthers improved to 9–4. The Panthers spoiled Packers quarterback Aaron Rodgers' return by intercepting three passes and winning 31–24. They also improved to 10–4.", "title": "2017 Carolina Panthers season" }, { "id": "19807770", "text": "and against a heavily favored Broncos team, the Giants pulled a massive upset to snap a 5-game losing streak and defeat Denver for the first time since 2005. This is also Manning's first career win in Denver. Janoris Jenkins returned a Trevor Siemian interception for a touchdown in the win, his first as a member of the Giants and Orleans Darkwa had his first 100-yard game. This game was the first time the Giants played an interconference game on CBS since the 1993 season finale on January 2, 1994 against the Cowboys (before Fox took over the NFC contract in", "title": "2017 New York Giants season" }, { "id": "20010110", "text": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship Game The 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship Game was the final game of the 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship, determining the national champion for the 2017 NCAA Division I men's soccer season. The match was played on December 10, 2017 at Talen Energy Stadium in Chester, Pennsylvania, a soccer-specific stadium that is home to Major League Soccer club, Philadelphia Union. The match was contested between Stanford of the Pac-12 Conference and, Indiana of the Big Ten Conference. After 90 minutes of scoreless, the match was decided in the second", "title": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship Game" }, { "id": "16668357", "text": "one realignment proposal did have the Titans in the AFC North. Despite that, the Steelers and Titans have still played each other rather frequently, having only \"not\" played each other four times. Their most recent matchup was a Thursday Night game on November 16, during the 2017 NFL season at Heinz Field. Perhaps the most notable matchup since realignment came in 2008, when the two met in Nashville in a game that determined home-field advantage in the AFC playoffs and a possible preview of the AFC Championship Game. LenDale White and Keith Bulluck stepped on a Terrible Towel after the", "title": "Steelers–Titans rivalry" }, { "id": "19807838", "text": "a Super Bowl XXXIX rematch with the New England Patriots. Foles had his best performance since Week 15, and his third best as an Eagles player, throwing for 352 yards and 4 touchdowns. The Eagles defeated the Patriots 41-33 to win their first Super Bowl title in franchise history, and their first championship since 1960. During the game, a trick play, known as the Philly Special was called where three players combined for a touchdown at 4th-and-Goal before halftime. Nick Foles was name the Super Bowl MVP, the first backup player or quarterback to earn this award. Foles was 28-of-43", "title": "2017 Philadelphia Eagles season" }, { "id": "17627196", "text": "Conference Championship, as well as an upset victory over sixth-ranked Baylor in the 2014 Fiesta Bowl. In 2017, Bortles helped the Jacksonville Jaguars reach the playoffs for the first time since 2007, defeating the Buffalo Bills and the Pittsburgh Steelers on their way to their first AFC Championship Game since 1999. The Jaguars lost to the New England Patriots 20–24. Bortles attended Oviedo High School in Oviedo, Florida, where he excelled in football and baseball for the Lions athletic teams. As a senior, he completed 151 of 233 passes for 2,211 yards with 27 touchdowns and seven interceptions. He finished", "title": "Blake Bortles" }, { "id": "14786626", "text": "reached the playoffs with a 11–5 record. In the Divisional Round against the Seattle Seahawks, he finished with four receptions for 44 yards and a touchdown in the 36–20 victory. In the NFC Championship against the Green Bay Packers, he finished with five receptions for 52 yards and a touchdown in the final NFL Game in the Georgia Dome. The Falcons reached Super Bowl LI, playing against the New England Patriots. During the Super Bowl, Sanu had two receptions for 25 yards in the 34–28 overtime defeat against the Patriots. In Week 2 of the 2017 NFL season, against the", "title": "Mohamed Sanu" }, { "id": "20005100", "text": "2017 Big Ten Football Championship Game The 2017 Big Ten Football Championship Game was played on December 2, 2017 at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana. The seventh annual Big Ten Football Championship Game, it determined the 2017 champion of the Big Ten Conference. The 2017 Championship Game was the seventh in the Big Ten's 122-year history and the fourth to feature the conference's East and West alignment. Last season, the Big Ten Championship Game featured the Penn State Nittany Lions, champions of the East Division and the Wisconsin Badgers, champions of the West Division. The #4 Wisconsin Badgers represented", "title": "2017 Big Ten Football Championship Game" }, { "id": "19807747", "text": "Chiefs at AT&T Stadium November 5. With Ezekiel Elliott playing on a last-minute stay of his looming suspension and carrying the ball 27 times for 93 yards and one touchdown, and Dak Prescott throwing two touchdown passes to Cole Beasley, running for another score and finding receiver Terrance Williams nine times for a game high 141 yards, the Cowboys notched their third straight victory by a score of 28–17 and improved their record to 5–3 at AT&T Stadium against the AFC West division leading Kansas City Chiefs. Two long touchdown drives in the second half lifted Dallas to the win", "title": "2017 Dallas Cowboys season" }, { "id": "9451363", "text": "his career. Clemson won the ACC championship and secured its second trip to the CFP National Championship with a 31–0 shutout of semi-finalist #3 Ohio State in the 2016 Fiesta Bowl. The Tigers competed in the College Football Playoff National Championship game in Tampa, Florida on January 9, 2017, beating the previously undefeated Alabama Crimson Tide 35–31 on a game-winning touchdown with one second remaining, and winning the 2016 National Championship. The Clemson-South Carolina rivalry which dates back to 1896 is the largest annual sporting event in terms of ticket sales in the state of South Carolina. From 1896 to", "title": "Clemson Tigers football" }, { "id": "19935697", "text": "2017 NRL Grand Final The 2017 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership-deciding game of the 2017 National Rugby League season and was played on Sunday October 1 at Sydney's ANZ Stadium. The match was contested between minor premiers the Melbourne Storm and the eighth-placed North Queensland Cowboys. The Storm won the match 34 – 6 to claim their third premiership title. Melbourne fullback Billy Slater was awarded his second Clive Churchill Medal as the game's official man of the match. Pre-match entertainment was headlined by American rapper Macklemore, who attracted controversy for his scheduled performance of \"Same Love\"", "title": "2017 NRL Grand Final" }, { "id": "20533996", "text": "Minneapolis Miracle The Minneapolis Miracle (also known as the Minnesota Miracle) was the National Football Conference (NFC) divisional playoff game between the Minnesota Vikings and the New Orleans Saints on January 14, 2018, and specifically its final play. The game was played as part of the National Football League (NFL)'s 2017–18 playoffs. The Saints came back from a 17–0 first-half deficit and established a 24–23 lead with 25 seconds remaining in the contest. On the last play of the game, Vikings quarterback Case Keenum threw a 27-yard pass to wide receiver Stefon Diggs, who evaded Saints safety Marcus Williams and", "title": "Minneapolis Miracle" }, { "id": "4453860", "text": "AFC Championship Game The AFC Championship Game is one of the two semi-final playoff games of the National Football League (NFL), the largest professional American football league in the United States. The game is played on the penultimate Sunday in January and determines the champion of the American Football Conference (AFC). The winner then advances to face the winner of the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game in the Super Bowl. The game was established as part of the 1970 merger between the NFL and the American Football League (AFL), with the merged league realigning into two conferences. Since 1984,", "title": "AFC Championship Game" }, { "id": "20105822", "text": "2017 American League Championship Series The 2017 American League Championship Series was a best-of-seven playoff pitting the Houston Astros against the New York Yankees for the American League pennant and the right to face the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 2017 World Series. The Astros defeated the Yankees in 7 games after falling behind 3 games to 2. The home team won every game in the series. This was the first time in history that the ALCS and NLCS teams were from the four most populous U.S. cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Houston. For the first time, Major", "title": "2017 American League Championship Series" }, { "id": "19533451", "text": "2017 World Series The 2017 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2017 season. The 113th edition of the World Series, it was played between October 24 and November 1. The series was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the American League (AL) champion Houston Astros. It was sponsored by the Internet television service YouTube TV and officially known as the \"2017 World Series presented by YouTube TV\". The Astros defeated the Dodgers, four games to three, to win their first World Series in franchise history, also becoming the", "title": "2017 World Series" }, { "id": "16858061", "text": "run by defeating the fourth-seeded Houston Texans in the Divisional Round, 34–16. The next week, in the AFC Championship Game, the Patriots defeated the third-seeded Pittsburgh Steelers 36-17. The Falcons, with the NFC's #2 seed, began their postseason run by defeating the third-seeded Seattle Seahawks in the Divisional Round, 36–20, racking up 422 yards. The next week, in the last NFL game ever played at the Georgia Dome, the Falcons racked up 493 total yards as they defeated the fourth-seeded Green Bay Packers 44–21 to win the NFC Championship. As the designated home team in the annual rotation between AFC", "title": "Super Bowl LI" }, { "id": "18293681", "text": "Lamar Jackson was awarded the Heisman Trophy for his efforts and performances throughout the 2016 season, finishing with nearly twice as many first place votes as Watson. After defeating Ohio State 31–0 in the CFP semifinal (Fiesta Bowl) and receiving the offensive MVP award for his efforts, Clemson defeated No. 1 Alabama 35–31 in the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship. Watson completed 36-of-56 passes for 420 yards and three touchdowns against the nation's top-ranked defense, including the last-second game-winning pass to wide receiver, Hunter Renfrow. He also rushed for 43 yards and a touchdown. This gave the Clemson Tigers", "title": "Deshaun Watson" }, { "id": "19240380", "text": "yards. Osweiler completed 23 of 40 passes for 198 yards and a touchdown, with three interceptions. The Patriots advanced to the AFC Championship Game for the sixth consecutive year, surpassing the Oakland Raiders of 1973 to 1977 for most consecutive appearances in conference championship games. Uniforms: - Dallas: White tops; green/silver pants with blue and white accents; blue socks; silver helmet with dark blue and white accents and blue star. - Green Bay: Green tops; gold pants with green and white accents; green and white socks; gold helmet with green and white accents and stylized white \"G\" with green background.", "title": "2016–17 NFL playoffs" } ]	who played in the 2017 nfc championship game
[ "January 7, 2018" ]	[ { "id": "18748926", "text": "p.m. with an encore showing in their Toonami block later that night at 11:30 p.m. starting on January 7, 2017. This was later confirmed on Toonami's official Facebook page. The United States premiere of \"Dragon Ball Super\" obtained 1,063,000 viewers for its 8 p.m. showing on Adult Swim. Toonami Africa started airing Dragon Ball Super in Fall 2017 at 15:00 CAT (Central African Time) with an edited Funimation English Dub. In Australia, ABC Me started airing Dragon Ball Super on November 3, 2018, with a new episode every Saturday at 2:45 pm. Norihito Sumitomo, the composer for \"Battle of Gods\"", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748924", "text": "April 1, 2018. According to Amazon Japan, the final Blu-ray set indicated the series' end at episode 131. The series ended on March 25, 2018, with the conclusion of the \"Universe Survival Saga\". Fuji TV stated that no definite plans were made to either continue the series at a later date or discontinue it entirely. \"Dragon Ball Super\" received an English-language dub that premiered on the Toonami channel in Southeast Asia and India on January 21, 2017. This dub is produced by Los Angeles based Bang Zoom! Entertainment for the Asian market. A sneak preview of the English dub's first", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748932", "text": "released a week later. The first trailer was released at San Diego Comic-Con International 2018. The second trailer was released on October 4, 2018. The English version of the second trailer was released on October 5, 2018. The anime episodes are being released on Japanese Blu-ray and DVD sets that contain twelve episodes each. The first set was released on December 2, 2015. The second set was released on March 2, 2016. The third set was released on July 2, 2016. The fourth set was released on October 4, 2016. Bandai announced that a line of \"Dragon Ball Super\" toys", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748923", "text": "Yamadera and Masakazu Morita also return as Beerus and Whis, respectively. The first preview of the series aired on June 14, 2015, following episode 164 of \"Dragon Ball Z Kai\". The next day, the main promotional image for \"Dragon Ball Super\" was added to its official website and unveiled two new characters, who were later revealed to be named Champa and Vados, respectively. A thirty-second trailer including the new characters was uploaded to the series' official website on June 26, 2015. On January 19, 2018, it was revealed that \"Super\"'s timeslot will be replaced with \"GeGeGe no Kitarō\" starting on", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748938", "text": "Zamasu.\" The final arc, \"Universe Survival Arc,\" garnered much more positive reception than previous arcs. Several episodes such as 109/110 and 116 have been cited as some of the Super series' best episodes; WatchMojo.com listed the fight between Goku and Jiren in episodes 109/110 as the best anime fight of 2017. Despite this praise, Jay Gibbs of ComicsVerse criticized the series for its inconsistent narrative, having heard \"an explanation within an episode, then see that very explanation invalidated seconds later.\" Episodes 130 and 131 were live streamed in several cities in Mexico, El Salvador, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Nicaragua for free", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748922", "text": "Omega\" (episodes #1–51), began sharing the series director credit with Chioka beginning with episode #33, before taking it over completely with #47. From episode #68 to #76, Morio Hatano shared the role of series director with Kōhei Hatano (no relation), another storyboard artist and episode director for the series. Masako Nozawa reprises her roles as Son Goku, Son Gohan, and Son Goten. Most of the original cast reprise their roles as well. However, Jōji Yanami's roles as Kaiō-sama and the narrator were indefinitely taken over by Naoki Tatsuta as of episode 12, so that Yanami could take medical leave. Kōichi", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "11803016", "text": "on Sunday nights. \"Dragon Ball Super\" replaced \"Dragon Ball Z\"'s late night time slot from 1 January 2018 onwards. In September 2018 Cartoon Network India started to premiere new shows such as \"Unikitty\", \"OK K.O! Let's Be Heroes\", \"\" and \"Running Man\". Cartoon Network HD+ launched on April 15, 2018. It features new episodes of Cartoon Network originals like \"Adventure Time\", \"The Amazing World of Gumball\" and exclusive content. Zee TV launched a Cartoon Network programming block in 2002. The block featured programs like Scooby-Doo, , The Powerpuff Girls, Dexter's Laboratory, Pinky and the Brain, Samurai Jack, The Real Adventures", "title": "Cartoon Network (India)" }, { "id": "5789134", "text": "2017 on MTV. The 10th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from November 30, 2017 to March 1, 2018 on MTV. The 11th season will consist of 22 episodes and premiered on March 15, 2018 on MTV, two weeks after the end of Season 10. The season resumed on July 12, 2018. The 12th season will consist of 26 episodes and premiered on August 17, 2018 on MTV. The 13th season had filmed in Atlanta from October 29 to November 11, 2018 and will air sometime in 2019 on MTV. Wild 'n Out Nick Cannon Presents:", "title": "Wild 'n Out" }, { "id": "18748929", "text": "for episodes 73 to 83 is by The Collectors. The eighth ending theme song for episodes 84 to 96 is \"Boogie Back\" by Miyu Inoue. The ninth ending theme song for episodes 97 to 108 is by Lacco Tower. The tenth ending theme song for episodes 109 to 121 is by RottenGraffty. The eleventh ending theme song for episodes 122 to 131 is \"Lagrima\" by OnePixcel. \"Dragon Ball Super\" is also a manga illustrated by artist Toyotarou, who was previously responsible for the official \"Resurrection 'F\"' manga adaptation. Toyotarou explained that he receives the major plot points from Toriyama, before", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748927", "text": "and \"Resurrection 'F\"', is scoring \"Dragon Ball Super\". An original soundtrack for the anime was released on CD by Nippon Columbia on February 24, 2016. The first opening theme song for episodes 1 to 76 is by Kazuya Yoshii of The Yellow Monkey. The lyrics were penned by Yukinojo Mori who has written numerous songs for the \"Dragon Ball\" series. The second opening theme song for episodes 77 to 131 is by enka singer Kiyoshi Hikawa. Mori wrote the lyrics for the rock song, while Takafumi Iwasaki composed the music. The first ending theme song for episodes 1 to 12", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "19384065", "text": "world. \"Note\": episodes 1, 6, 12, 20 and 26 are full-episode stories instead of 2 stories per episode. The show premiered on Disney XD in the United States on July 5, 2016, and premiered on February 25, 2017 in Southeast Asia, and at unknown date in Taiwan and Latin America. On October 15, 2016, it first aired in Australia on ABC Me. In France, it first aired on Canal J on March 18, 2017. In the U.K., it started airing on CITV on April 3, 2017, In the Germany, it started airing on Super RTL on TBA. It has now", "title": "Fangbone!" }, { "id": "10190716", "text": "Funimation titled it for their dub, aired on March 26, 1997, between episodes 41 and 42, serving as a kind of precursor to the epilogue to the series shown at the end of episode 64. On April 28, 2015, Toei Animation announced , the first all-new \"Dragon Ball\" television series to be released in 18 years. It debuted on July 5 and ran as a weekly series at 9:00 am on Fuji TV on Sundays until its series finale on March 25, 2018 after 131 episodes. Masako Nozawa reprises her roles as Goku, Gohan, and Goten. Most of the original", "title": "Dragon Ball" }, { "id": "19377323", "text": "20, 2017 and in the UK and Ireland on November 30, 2017. The series formally premieres with two new episodes on Disney Channel on June 9, 2018, followed by two more new episodes on June 10, 2018, with weekly premieres every Saturday through September starting on June 16, 2018 with episodes airing at 7 a.m. starting on September 8. Big Hero 6: The Series Big Hero 6: The Series is an American superhero comedy animated television series, produced by Disney Television Animation and developed by \"Kim Possible\" creators Mark McCorkle and Bob Schooley. The series is based on Disney's 2014", "title": "Big Hero 6: The Series" }, { "id": "18748940", "text": "56,947 copies in their debut weeks respectively. Volume three was the fourth best-selling for its week with 92,114 copies sold, and volume four was fourth its week with 150,889. According to Nielsen BookScan, the English version of volume one was the second best-selling graphic novel of May 2017, the ninth of June, the fourteenth of July, and the eighteenth of August. Volumes 1 and 2 sold 594,342 copies , volume 3 sold 236,720 copies , volume 4 sold 267,417 copies , volume 5 sold 400,000 copies , volume 6 sold 216,871 copies , and volume 7 sold 208,796 copies .", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "2150504", "text": "Guy\", \"American Dad!\", \"Bob's Burgers\", \"Mission Hill\", \"The Cleveland Show\", \"The Oblongs\", \"Final Space\", \"King of the Hill\", and \"Futurama\" (the latter three series have since moved to Comedy Central, with \"Futurama\" also airing on Syfy). The channel additionally shows anime series. Since May 26, 2012, block-within-a-block Toonami broadcasts Saturday nights, with shows such as \"Dragon Ball Z Kai\", \"My Hero Academia\", \"\", \"\", \"Dragon Ball Super\", \"FLCL Alternative\", \"Attack on Titan\", \"\", \"Black Clover\", \"Hunter × Hunter\", \"One-Punch Man\", \"Lupin the Third Part IV\", and \"Cowboy Bebop\". Some Cartoon Network programming has also aired on Adult Swim, such as", "title": "Adult Swim" }, { "id": "19721949", "text": "The series officially premiered on September 23, 2017, coinciding with the original show's 30th anniversary. On May 1, 2018, the show moved to the Disney Channel, with new episodes airing on Fridays beginning May 4, 2018. In Canada, the pilot premiered on Disney XD on August 12 and the full series started on September 23, 2017. In Australia and New Zealand, the show premiered on Disney Channel on October 13, 2017. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the pilot premiered on Disney Channel on November 4, 2017. The full series debuted on March 1, 2018 on Disney XD. In Indonesia,", "title": "DuckTales (2017 TV series)" }, { "id": "10409878", "text": "Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th", "title": "2007 New York Dragons season" }, { "id": "20397470", "text": "March 2017, when it was relaunched as . Nagayama also drew . Serialized in \"Saikyō Jump\" since August 5, 2016, its first collected volume was published on May 2, 2017 and its second on May 2, 2018. The series was relaunched as on April 6, 2018 and is serialized alongside \"Ultimate Charisma Mission!!\". In May 2018, \"V Jump\" announced a promotional anime for \"Super Dragon Ball Heroes\" that will adapt the game's Prison Planet arc. A teaser trailer for the first episode was released on June 21, 2018 and shows the new characters and , an evil Saiyan. The first", "title": "Dragon Ball Heroes" }, { "id": "18748921", "text": "scriptwriters have been compiling and expanded the story content into individual episodes, making various changes and additions, and generally doing their best to make the story more interesting.\" In addition to new characters designed by Toriyama, other characters for the \"Universe Survival arc\" were designed by Toyotarou, artist of the manga version, and a few by both. Toei Animation producer Atsushi Kido previously worked on \"Dragon Ball Z\" for a brief time during the Freeza arc, while Fuji TV producer Osamu Nozaki said he has been a fan of the series since childhood. Morio Hatano, series director of \"Saint Seiya", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748933", "text": "would be available in the United States in summer 2017. Bandai has also announced the updated \"Dragon Ball Super Card Game\" that starts with one starter deck, one special pack containing 4 booster packs and a promotional Vegeta card and a booster box with 24 packs. It was released on July 28, 2017. A line of six \"Dragon Ball Super\" Happy Meal toys were made available at Japanese McDonald's restaurants in May 2017. The average audience TV rating in Japan was 5.6% (Kanto region). The maximum audience rating was 8.4% (Episode 47) and the lowest rating was 3.5% (Episodes 109-110).", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "19387443", "text": "point onwards (at Lynch's insistence). Overall, the series consists of 18 episodes. It concluded on September 3, 2017, with a two-part finale. In the United Kingdom, Sky Atlantic simulcast the first two episodes beginning at 2:00 am British Summer Time on May 22, 2017, and the next two episodes were released on Sky UK's on-demand service after the premiere. In the Nordic countries, the series is broadcast on HBO Nordic, with the two-hour premiere airing on May 22, and subsequent episodes being made available the day after its U.S. airing. In Canada, the series is available on CraveTV and The", "title": "Twin Peaks (2017 TV series)" }, { "id": "10409773", "text": "Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd", "title": "2007 Dallas Desperados season" }, { "id": "19939298", "text": "August 2016. The series started filming in Salt Lake City in September 2016, and finished filming in December 2016. The first episode became available on the Disney Channel App, On-Demand, Disney Channel's YouTube, iTunes, Amazon, and Google Play on March 10, 2017, while the second episode became available the same day via Disney Channel On-Demand as well as to subscribers using the Disney Channel App. The series premiered on Disney Channel on April 7, 2017. A total of 13 episodes were ordered for the first season; however, only 12 episodes were aired. Disney Channel renewed the series for a second", "title": "Andi Mack" }, { "id": "17301517", "text": "president and representative. In March 2017, Bandai Namco purchased the entirety of Anime Consortium Japan for 2.1 billion yen. On August 1, 2017, Daisuki released a statement announcing the closure of their operations effective October 31, 2017. The service was terminated on October 31, 2017 at 11:59 JST. Despite this, Daisuki would continue to stream \"Dragon Ball Super\". Daisuki (website) Daisuki was a Japanese website focused on streaming anime content, which was founded in 2013 by Asatsu-DK and six anime studios: Toei Animation, Aniplex, Sunrise, TMS Entertainment, Nihon Ad Systems, and Dentsu. Daisuki was managed by Anime Consortium Japan, an", "title": "Daisuki (website)" }, { "id": "18748925", "text": "episode aired on December 17, 2016. Production on the Bang Zoom! dub ended after episode 27. On November 4, 2016, Funimation announced the company acquired the rights to \"Dragon Ball Super\" and would be producing an English dub, with many cast members of their previous English-language releases of \"Dragon Ball\" media reprising their respective roles. As well as officially announcing the dub, it was also announced they would be simulcasting the series on their streaming platform, \"FunimationNow\". On December 7, 2016, IGN reported that the Funimation English dub of \"Dragon Ball Super\" would air on Adult Swim Saturdays at 8", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "7219818", "text": "21, 2012 by Marvelous Entertainment in Japan. On July 18, 2018, Discotek Media licensed the show for home video release, with the first 101 episodes coming on a 2-disc SD on BD set September 25, 2018, then the other 102 episodes coming October 30, 2018. An original video animation was produced under the same staff and cast and was released in October 2009 during the annual Jump Super Anime Tour. It was released by Pony Canyon on DVD on July 21, 2010, under the title . The DVD version included a short version showed on the tour and a complete", "title": "Reborn!" }, { "id": "10411020", "text": "Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd", "title": "2007 Nashville Kats season" }, { "id": "10416126", "text": "Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Attendance:", "title": "2007 Utah Blaze season" }, { "id": "20841684", "text": "episode, ranging from five days until broadcast to when the episode began airing. At time of the episode's initial announcement, it was stated that the episode would air in August 2018. On 24 July 2018, it was confirmed that the episode would air on 11 August. The episode premiered on BBC One at 21:10 and was available to watch on BBC iPlayer for thirty days after its broadcast. Official ratings from the Broadcasters' Audience Research Board showed that 5.51 million people had watched the episode on BBC One and BBC iPlayer within 7 days of the original broadcast. Within 28", "title": "Episode 1094" }, { "id": "1691702", "text": "Sir John Worthing, which aired on June 25, 2011. He has appeared on \"Supernatural\" in the episode \"Shut Up, Dr. Phil\", which aired October 21, 2011, alongside fellow Buffyverse co-star Charisma Carpenter. He also appeared in \"Warehouse 13\" as Bennett Sutton, which aired in 2013. He also voices Zamasu in the Funimation dub of \"Dragon Ball Super\" (and its video games) under the stage names of \"David Gray\" and \"Sam Majesters\". Marsters had played in bands and solo in bars and clubs for many years and enjoyed several successful sell-out solo gigs at Los Angeles clubs before forming a band.", "title": "James Marsters" }, { "id": "10409701", "text": "3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter: 3rd Quarter: 4th Quarter: Scoring Summary: 1st Quarter: 2nd Quarter:", "title": "2007 Orlando Predators season" }, { "id": "19539167", "text": "1) has been shown on March 3. An English dub of the show premiered December 15, 2017 on Disney Channel Asia. It also premiered on Nickelodeon Sonic in India on July 16, 2018; however it was abruptly taken off the schedule nearly two weeks later for unknown reasons, with the last few episodes remaining to be aired. But in mid-November 2018, the new episodes were aired on Nick HD+ and the entire season was finished on November 18, 2018. The first episode of Season 2 was broadcast September 22, 2017, with episode two, three and four shown on September 29.", "title": "Ejen Ali" }, { "id": "17301513", "text": "Daisuki (website) Daisuki was a Japanese website focused on streaming anime content, which was founded in 2013 by Asatsu-DK and six anime studios: Toei Animation, Aniplex, Sunrise, TMS Entertainment, Nihon Ad Systems, and Dentsu. Daisuki was managed by Anime Consortium Japan, an anime content joint venture financed by Asatsu-DK, Bandai Namco, the Cool Japan Fund, and several Japanese anime studios, and which is currently managed by Bandai Namco. The service was terminated on October 31, 2017, at 11:59 JST. However, streaming of \"Dragon Ball Super\" continued until February 22, 2018, when it was transferred to DRAGON BALL SUPER CARD GAME.", "title": "Daisuki (website)" }, { "id": "11803015", "text": "started airing \"Oggy and the Cockroaches\" from Season 5 onwards. Like before it airs continuously throughout the day. Cartoon Network also aired some classic shows during weekend nights on a block called \"Get Tooned with Toonami\", but was abruptly discontinued in October in favour of \"Dragon Ball Super\". On 1 September 2017 the Bang Zoom dub of \"Dragon Ball Super\" started airing weekends on Cartoon Network at a late time slot without any promotion. It was previously aired on Toonami until it became a classic cartoon channel. In mid December 2017 Cartoon Network quietly started airing \"Dragon Ball Z\" movies", "title": "Cartoon Network (India)" }, { "id": "17171845", "text": "May 2017 Cannes Film Festival. In the UK, it premiered on BBC Two on 27 July 2017, and the entire series was released on the BBC iPlayer immediately afterwards. In the US, it premiered in September 2017, on Sundance TV, and each episode will be available on Hulu the day after its screening on SundanceTV. In Canada, \"China Girl\" premiered on 25 October 2017, on CBC Television. Reviews of \"Top of the Lake\" have been positive, referring to the series as \"masterfully made\", \"beautiful\", \"mysterious\", \"riveting\", and \"a masterpiece\". It received a score of 86 out of 100 from Metacritic", "title": "Top of the Lake" }, { "id": "19313870", "text": "K.O.! Let's Be Heroes\" had its worldwide television premiere in the US on Cartoon Network on August 1, 2017, and aired on sister network Boomerang from August 7 to September 1, 2017. In Canada, it premiered on August 1 on Cartoon Network and on September 4 on Teletoon. In Africa, the shorts were released on September 11 and the full series premiered on November 18, 2017. It premiered in the UK and Ireland on October 9, 2017. It premiered in Australia and New Zealand and the Philippines on January 6, 2018 and in Southeast Asia on January 20, 2018. A", "title": "OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes" }, { "id": "18748939", "text": "in public venues. Even though the fan reaction has been polarizing, Dragon Ball Super has been criticized by fans for lacking the mild blood and gore that was present in its predecessor Dragon Ball Z. This is, however, due to the fact that the series is targeted towards a younger demographic than the previous installments, and as such censorship would not allow such content to be shown on a television program targeted towards children. All four volumes of \"Dragon Ball Super\"s manga adaptation have charted on Oricon's weekly list of the best-selling manga; volumes one and two sold 29,995 and", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "18748934", "text": "First impressions of the series' debut episode were mostly positive with the quality of animation being praised the most. Richard Eisenbeis of Kotaku praised the series' title sequence and said \"My middle-school self is so happy right now, you guys.\" Jamieson Cox of \"The Verge\" also praised the title sequence and said that \"\"Dragon Ball Super\"'s intro will have you begging for its North American release\". Cox was also surprised that, considering how popular the franchise is, the series did not launch internationally at the same time. He called it \"a move that wouldn't be unprecedented\" giving \"Sailor Moon Crystal\"", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "16651789", "text": "9:00pm. Toei Animation producer Gyarmath Bogdan confirmed through Twitter that the broadcast included up to twenty minutes of extra scenes and additional footage. The broadcast earned an average household rating of 13.1%. The 2015 \"\" film is a sequel to \"Battle of Gods\" and features Beerus and Whis. The first story arc of \"Dragon Ball Super\" is a retelling of sorts of \"Battle of Gods\", though some events are altered or expanded in the series' version of events. The \"Battle of Gods\" arc covers episodes 1-14. \"Battle of Gods\" is the first-ever Japanese film to be screened at IMAX Digital", "title": "Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods" }, { "id": "1481670", "text": "FLCL The six-episode series was released in Japan from April 2000 to March 2001 alongside a manga and novel. It originally aired in the United States on Adult Swim in August 2003, where it managed to gain a significant cult following and was widely acclaimed, despite its short length. It aired in the U.S. again in the next years and later also on the network's Toonami block from October 2013 to January 2014, and then again in April 2018. The series is also available via iTunes, Adult Swim.com and Funimation's website. In 2016, two new seasons totaling 12 episodes were", "title": "FLCL" }, { "id": "12623282", "text": "cut Toonami completely. The movies were no longer aired. After its cancellation in Latin America on March 26, 2007, the block's programming gradually vanished. In January 2010, the block \"Animaction\" was created, showing on Wednesday evenings. This block broadcast both action programming and anime programming before it was removed in April 2011. Currently, the only anime which air on CN LA are \"Beyblade Burst\", \"Dragon Ball Z Kai\", \"Dragon Ball Super\", \"Pokémon\", \"Mecard\" and \"Captain Tsubasa\". Cartoon Network (Latin America) Cartoon Network Latin America () () is a satellite and cable television channel distributed by AT&T for the Latin American", "title": "Cartoon Network (Latin America)" }, { "id": "18748937", "text": "its previous episodes. However, the \"Champa Arc\" was praised for improving its animation. Episode 39 of the series was critically acclaimed for its improved animation and praised fighting sequences. Attack of the Fanboy reported that \"Dragon Ball Super\" episode 39 may be the best installment of the series to date. Goku and Hit's fight \"starts off explosively from the get-go.\" The \"Future Trunks Arc\" also garnered positive reception from fans and critics alike. IGN's Shawn Saris acclaiming Episode 66, stating that, \"Episode 66 of \"Dragon Ball Supe\"r has a few missteps but ultimately leads to a great final battle with", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "19948058", "text": "Iron Sharpens Iron (May 3, 2017) Episode 4: Piece of Us (May 10, 2017) Episode 5: A Brutal Business (May 17, 2017) Episode 6: Let Me Bang! (May 24, 2017) Episode 7: Dark Horse (May 31, 2017) Episode 8: Kryptonite (June 7, 2017) Episode 9: Killashaw (June 14, 2017) Episode 10: Time to Smash (June 21, 2017) Episode 11: Embrace the Snake (June 28, 2017) Episode 12: The Winner's Circle (July 5, 2017) The Ultimate Fighter: Redemption Finale (also known as The Ultimate Fighter 25 Finale) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship held on", "title": "The Ultimate Fighter: Redemption" }, { "id": "18479137", "text": "the United Kingdom, with the first season added on Amazon Prime on October 16, 2015, and second-season episodes to be released immediately after initial broadcast in the United States. In Australia, the series premiered on Presto on August 14, 2015. Universal Studios Home Entertainment released the first three seasons on DVD and Blu-ray. The first season was released on January 12, 2016. It contains all 10 episodes, plus deleted scenes, gag reel, making-of featurette, and UltraViolet digital copies of the episodes. The second season was released on January 10, 2017. The third season was released on March 27, 2018. In", "title": "Mr. Robot" }, { "id": "18532496", "text": "cast as Rand in February 2016. Metzner was revealed as the series' new showrunner in July 2017. Filming for the series takes place in New York City. All 13 episodes of the first season premiered on March 17, 2017. They received generally negative reviews from critics. Despite the critical reception, third-party data analytics determined the series had strong viewership. A second season, consisting of 10 episodes, was ordered in July 2017, and was released on September 7, 2018 to a more mixed to positive reception. On October 12, 2018, Netflix canceled the series after two seasons. After being presumed dead", "title": "Iron Fist (TV series)" }, { "id": "13641279", "text": "daily Monday through Friday line-up. As a result of Cartoon Network losing the rights to the show, all \"Super Hero Squad\" content has been removed from the network's website except for video clips on YouTube. The series first premiered on Teletoon in Canada on Sunday, September 13, 2009 at 8:30am (ET) as part of the network's Action Force block. The show returned on Teletoon on Sunday, February 6, 2011 at 7:00am (ET) for the debut of the second season. All 52 episodes aired in Canada, ending on July 10, 2011. The series premiered on December 4, 2009 in Australia, on", "title": "The Super Hero Squad Show" }, { "id": "1571218", "text": "third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes.[5] The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. The 7th season premiered August 10th 2018 and consists of 13 episodes. The 8th and final season is set to release on December 14th, 2018 and will consist of 13 episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. In Australia, DVDs", "title": "Voltron" }, { "id": "18474435", "text": "Johnson, and Scott Porter were confirmed to continue voicework for the new season. The game supports the new Crowd Play feature that Telltale introduced in \"\", allowing up to 2,000 audience members to vote on decisions for the player using Twitch or other streaming services. On August 3, 2017, Telltale announced that Episode 2, \"Giant Consequences\", was released on August 15. On September 19, 2017, Episode 3 \"Jailhouse Block\" was released. The fourth episode, \"Below the Bedrock\", was released on November 7, 2017. The fifth episode and season finale, \"Above And Beyond\" was released on December 19, 2017. \"Minecraft: Story", "title": "Minecraft: Story Mode" }, { "id": "20285267", "text": "App on August 27, 2018 and debuting on television on September 1, 2018; starting with the third episode, subsequent episodes are released in advance on Fridays on the Cartoon Network App before the television broadcast. In Canada, the series premiered on Teletoon on September 16, 2018 and YTV on September 28, 2018. Internationally, the series premiered on RTL 7 in the Netherlands on September 2, 2018, on Cartoon Network on September 29, 2018 in Australia, October 2, 2018 in Latin America, October 27, 2018 in India, Central and Eastern Europe, and the United Kingdom, and on Gulli on October 7,", "title": "Transformers: Cyberverse" }, { "id": "20797323", "text": "The Saiyans\". A poster was released on March 13, 2018, 11 days before the airing of the final episode of \"Dragon Ball Super\", featuring an entirely new traditional animation design by Toei animator Naohiro Shintani, as opposed to veteran \"Dragon Ball\" character designer Tadayoshi Yamamuro. One week later, the first trailer for the film was released publicly through Toei Animation featuring the all–new character designs and an enigmatic new villain. Akira Toriyama wrote the story, screenplay and designed the characters, Tatsuya Nagamine is film director, Naohiro Shintani is animation director, Kazuo Ogura is serving as art director, Rumiko Nagai as", "title": "Dragon Ball Super: Broly" }, { "id": "17424151", "text": "man in \"The Godfather Part II\" in 1974. \"The Super\" aired on ABC at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time on Wednesday throughout its brief run. It never gained the audience that \"All in the Family\" and \"Sanford and Son\" did, and was cancelled after only 10 episodes had aired; its eleventh and twelfth episodes, preempted by television coverage of the 1972 Summer Olympic Games on August 30 and September 6, 1972, respectively, were never broadcast. The Super (TV series) The Super is an American sitcom television series starring Richard S. Castellano which centers on the superintendent of an apartment building in", "title": "The Super (TV series)" }, { "id": "19700208", "text": "August 2016, the short was again made available to stream until 31 March 2017. The first episode of the two-part special premiered on NHK's BS Premium channel on 18 February 2017, and the second episode aired on 25 February 2017. Each episode is 45 minutes long. The special aired dubbed on NHK World with the first episode airing on 17 March 2017 and the second episode airing the next day. Sentai Filmworks has licensed the special for home video distribution in North America. Reviewing the first two seasons of Animator Expo for Anime News Network, Kevin Cirugeda recommended the short", "title": "The Dragon Dentist" }, { "id": "2022780", "text": "released the series in DVD box sets; the first (beginning with episode 17) in October 2005 and finished in November 2007 with the first 16 episodes as a \"Lost Episode\" box set. Two years later, they began releasing the series again in DVD \"remastered season\" sets that finally put the episodes in proper chronological order; the first on December 9, 2008 and the second on February 10, 2009. A Game Boy Advance Video cartridge containing the episodes \"A Grand Problem\" and \"Pan's Gambit\" was released on September 7, 2004 by Majesco Entertainment. A complete series DVD box set including was", "title": "Dragon Ball GT" }, { "id": "18626976", "text": "The series premiered in Australia on 15 September 2015 on the Seven Network and premiered in New Zealand on 5 November 2015 on TVNZ 1. In the United States, the series premiered on Acorn TV in 2016 and PBS in March 2017. The series premiered in Finland on YLE TV1 in June 2017. In the UK, the first two series were broadcast on BBC One in April and May 2018. Season one along with part one and two of season two are available on iTunes in Australia. On 8 January 2018, Zomer in Zeeland (translated: \"Summer in Zeeland\") premiered on", "title": "800 Words" }, { "id": "20318973", "text": "it moved to CTV for its fourth and final season, consisting of eight episodes. The first season originally aired from January 29 to April 2, 2014, while the second season aired from January 19 to March 23, 2015. A third season premiered on June 20, 2016, concluding on August 22, and the fourth season premiered on July 31, 2017, and concluded on September 18. In the United States, the series airs on the streaming service Acorn TV, with the first season premiering on January 18, 2016, the second on May 16, the third on October 24, and the fourth on", "title": "19-2 (2014 TV series)" }, { "id": "18545346", "text": "of the issues that made CBS wary to renew the series on their network. Filming for the third season began in Vancouver on July 6, 2017, and ended on April 28, 2018. In Canada, \"Supergirl\" aired in a sim-subbed simulcast on Global with the American broadcast in the first season; the second season saw it move to Showcase in the same arrangement. The series premiered on October 29, 2015, in the United Kingdom on Sky One. The series premiered in Australia on December 6, 2015, on FOX8. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gave the first season a 92% approval rating", "title": "Supergirl (TV series)" }, { "id": "18832821", "text": "English dub. Part 1 (Episodes 1-13) has been released on July 24, 2018 with a collector's box to store the later three parts, and Part 2 (Episodes 14-26) on September 18, 2018. Part 3 (Episodes 27-40) will be released on November 13, 2018, and Part 4 (Episodes 41-50) on January 8, 2019. Chinese streaming site iQiyi has listed the series with fifty episodes. The anime is licensed in North America by Crunchyroll (with home video distribution from Funimation) and in the UK by Anime Limited. Yoshiaki Sukeno began serializing the manga in Shueisha's \"Jump Square\" magazine on October 4, 2013.", "title": "Twin Star Exorcists" }, { "id": "18547577", "text": "\"Médiévalia\" in the original French version and occasionally in the English version too. Note: Doctor X is referred to as “Professor X” in some episodes, whilst the Black Baron is frequently called “the Dark Baron” or simply “the Baron”. The first 13 episodes have an instrumental theme tune, whilst episodes 14-52 have a theme song with English lyrics. A second season started to air on weekday afternoons on CITV on 27 February 2017, and weekday mornings on KidsClick on April 2, 2018 until September 21, 2018. The episodes are being broadcast out of order, e.g. new character Rock Brock is", "title": "Super 4 (TV series)" }, { "id": "18581479", "text": "September 1974–April 1975 September 1975–April 1976 September 1976–April 1977 September 1977–April 1978 September 1978–April 1979 September 1979–April 1980 September 1980–April 1981 September 1981–April 1982 September 1982–April 1983 September 1983–April 1984 September 1984–April 1985 September 1985–April 1986 September 1986–April 1987 September 1987–April 1988 October 1988–April 1989 September 1989–April 1990 September 1990–April 1991 September 1991–April 1992 September 1992–April 1993 September 1993–April 1994 September 1994–April 1995 September 1995–May 1996 September 1996–May 1997 September 1997–May 1998 September 1998–May 1999 September 1999–May 2000 September 2000–May 2001 September 2001–May 2002 September 2002–May 2003 September 2003–May 2004 September 2004–May 2005 September 2005–May 2006 September 2006–May 2007 September", "title": "Top-rated United States television programs by season" }, { "id": "18812653", "text": "The network burned off two of the unaired episodes on June 12, 2016, with the last one airing on June 26, 2016. The first seven episodes aired Sunday at 8:30 pm. Episodes 8, 9, 10 and 12 aired at 7:30 pm. Episodes 11 and 13 aired at 7:00 pm. The show has met an average response from critics. On Metacritic, it has a score of 51/100 based on 14 reviews. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a score of 50% based on 19 reviews, with an average rating of 5.3/10. The critical consensus reads: \"\"Cooper Barrett's Guide to Surviving Life\" wins", "title": "Cooper Barrett's Guide to Surviving Life" }, { "id": "10190694", "text": "which summon a wish-granting dragon when gathered. Along his journey, Goku makes several friends and battles a wide variety of villains, many of whom also seek the Dragon Balls. Toriyama's manga was adapted and divided into two anime series produced by Toei Animation: \"Dragon Ball\" and \"Dragon Ball Z\", which together were broadcast in Japan from 1986 to 1996. Additionally, the studio has developed 19 animated feature films and three television specials, as well as two anime sequel series titled \"Dragon Ball GT\" (1996–1997) and \"Dragon Ball Super\" (2015–2018). From 2009 to 2015, a revised version of \"Dragon Ball Z\"", "title": "Dragon Ball" }, { "id": "20596480", "text": "in January 2018 that Sony reported cost $14 million to make but other sources listed at as high as $30 million. The soundtrack for the film was curated by American rapper Future, who also acted as a producer on the film. It features 13 new and previously released songs, as well as guest appearances from Miguel, Lil Wayne, Khalid, Ty Dolla Sign, Young Thug, PartyNextDoor, H.E.R., Gunna, Sleepy Brown, and Yung Bans, among others. \"Superfly\" was initially scheduled to be released on June 15, 2018. Three weeks prior, it was moved up two days to June 13, 2018, in order", "title": "Superfly (2018 film)" }, { "id": "18748931", "text": "on April 4, 2016. Viz Media began posting free English translations of the manga chapters to their website on June 24, 2016. A print release of the first volume followed in spring 2017. The animated film, \"\", is the first film in the franchise to be produced under the \"Dragon Ball Super\" title. The film will be released on December 14, 2018. It will be a continuation to the series that will act as a new arc. A poster showcasing the film's new art style was released on March 12, 2018. A teaser depicting Goku facing off against Broly was", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "13803924", "text": "Noonbory and the Super Seven Noonbory and the Super Seven () is an animated television series that is co-produced by Daewon Media and Cookie Jar Entertainment in association with Knowledge, Access TV, BBC Kids, and SCN. It aired in the U.S. on August 15, 2008 (Pilot) and September 19, 2009 (Series) on CBS' KEWLopolis in August, and on CBS' Cookie Jar TV in September. It airs in Canada on BBC Kids, and in South Korea on SCN. It also airs in Spanish in the United States on Sorpresa and UltraKidz. The pilot episode aired on KEWLopolis on CBS on August", "title": "Noonbory and the Super Seven" }, { "id": "19654861", "text": "aired from 7 May 2017 and ended 5 August 2017, with total of 14 episodes. The series is based on the novel of the same name. It is broadcast on Sundays from 20:50 to 21:45 (Bangkok Standard Time) on MCOT HD, while the uncut version is shown on Line TV during midnight of the same day. The first season contains a total of 12 episodes with an average span of 45–55 minutes each. The series started its airing on 15 May 2016, and the first season ended on 31 July 2016. And here is the list about the 12 episodes", "title": "Make It Right (Thai series)" }, { "id": "18748928", "text": "is by Japanese rock band Good Morning America. The second ending theme song for episodes 13 to 25 is by the group Key Talk. The singer for Funimation's English dub is Professor Shyguy. The third ending song for episodes 26 to 36 is by the band Lacco Tower. The fourth ending theme song for episodes 37 to 49 is \"Forever Dreaming\" by Czecho No Republic. The fifth ending theme song for episodes 50 to 59 is by idol group Batten Showjo Tai. The sixth ending theme song for episodes 60 to 72 is by Arukara. The seventh ending theme song", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "19651294", "text": "HBO released the first official trailer for the series. On March 21, 2018, the series held its official premiere at NeueHouse Hollywood in Los Angeles, California. On April 28, 2018, episodes one through three were screened during the Series Mania Festival at the Le Majestic cinema in Lille, France. It appeared alongside seven other television programs in the festival's \"Best of USA\" series of shows. The first season of \"Barry\" has been met with a positive response from critics since it premiered. On the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the first season holds a 98% approval rating with an average", "title": "Barry (TV series)" }, { "id": "3128831", "text": "and films which are as follows in order of airing: \"Halo 4\" (November 10, 2012), \"Oblivion\" (April 6 and 13 2013), \"Pacific Rim\" (July 6, 2013), \"Xbox One\" (November 23, 2013), \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\" (April 26, 2014), \"\" (November 29, 2014), \"Chappie\" (February 28, 2015), \"\" (August 1, 2015), \"The Martian\" (September 26, 2015), \"Hardcore Henry\" (April 2, 2016), \"\" (June 18, 2016), \"Suicide Squad\" (July 23, 2016), \"Titanfall 2\" (October 29, 2016), \"\" (December 10, 2016), \"\" (December 17, 2016), \"\" (February 4, 2017), \"Horizon Zero Dawn\" (February 25, 2017), \"Ghost in the Shell\" (March 25, 2017), \"\"", "title": "Toonami" }, { "id": "18748920", "text": "army. Goku and his friends return to their daily lives on Earth. While sparring, Goku reveals to Vegeta that he is unable to activate Ultra Instinct again. Goku and Vegeta pledge to get even stronger. In addition to his role as the series creator, Akira Toriyama is also credited for the \"original story and character design concepts\" of the new anime originally directed by Kimitoshi Chioka. Toriyama elaborated on his involvement with the \"Future Trunks arc\" saying he created the story based on suggestions from the editorial department, \"As with last time, I wrote the overall plot outline, and the", "title": "Dragon Ball Super" }, { "id": "6656960", "text": "show, seasons seven and eight were released on November 18, 2014, with nine and ten released on April 7, 2015, eleven released on August 25, 2015, twelve released on September 22, 2015, and thirteen released (also Blu-ray) on October 20, 2015. Netflix streamed all episodes, but stopped streaming on October 1, 2013 and in early 2017 the series was removed from iTunes and Google Play without explanation, though it returned to the latter later that year. As of May 2018, all episodes were again removed from Google Play without explanation. On November 1, 2018, all episodes became available for streaming", "title": "King of the Hill" }, { "id": "6103227", "text": "acting career includes roles in \"My Hero Academia\", \"RWBY\", \"Attack on Titan\", \"One Piece\", \"Fairy Tail\", \"Psycho-Pass\" and \"Parasyte\". Jason Douglas Jason Douglas (born February 14, 1973) is an American actor and voice actor, known as Tobin on AMC's \"The Walking Dead\", as the voice of Beerus in the anime series \"Dragon Ball Super\" and Krieg in the video game \"Borderlands 2\". Douglas is noted for his appearances in films, including \"Sin City\", \"Parkland\", \"Two Step\" and \"No Country for Old Men\" as well as recurring and guest appearances on hit TV shows such as \"The Leftovers\", \"Breaking Bad\", \"Nashville\"", "title": "Jason Douglas" }, { "id": "10190710", "text": "of \"Dragon Ball\" and \"One Piece\" titled \"Cross Epoch\". \"Dragon Ball\", \"Dragon Ball Z\", and \"Dragon Ball Z Kai\" are all adaptations of the manga, with various new material added in to make extra episodes so that Toriyama would have more time to write original chapters for them to adapt. \"Dragon Ball GT\" and \"Dragon Ball Heroes\" are not originated from any direct source material from Toriyama, being fully created by their respective animation studios. \"Dragon Ball Super\" was released parallel to (and many times ahead of) the manga of the same name, due to the fact that they were", "title": "Dragon Ball" }, { "id": "17563271", "text": "White Fox, the 12-episode series aired in Japan between January 6, 2014 and March 24, 2014 and was simulcast by Crunchyroll. A DVD and Blu-ray release of the TV series in Japan was announced for March 19, 2014. Sentai Filmworks have licensed the series in North America and will release it on Blu-ray Disc and DVD on May 26, 2015. The Anime Network began streaming the series February 6, 2014. MVM Films have licensed the series in the United Kingdom. In Australia and New Zealand, Hanabee licensed the series within the region. The main opening song of the anime is", "title": "Super Sonico" }, { "id": "20197280", "text": "announcement at 8pm ET on Adult Swim. As a part of Adult Swim's annual April Fools' joke, the premiere was broadcast for four straight hours, interrupting the television network's scheduled new episodes of \"Samurai Jack\" and \"Dragon Ball Super\". It was watched by 676,000 American households and had a 0.2 rating in the 18–49 demographic. By 11pm, as details of the episode's unexpected debut spread, \"The Rickshank Rickdemption\" had its best showing with 949,000 viewers and a 0.4 rating. A critical success, \"The Rickshank Rickdemption\" was praised as one of the series' best episodes, with Jesse Schedeen of IGN saying", "title": "The Rickshank Rickdemption" }, { "id": "7717535", "text": "Titans), Jason Spisak (Young Justice), Roger Jackson (The Powerpuff Girls), Sean Schemmel(Dragonball Z), William Salyers (The Regular Show). TV/Movie Guests: Jenna Coleman, Sarah Madison (Doctor Who), AJ Buckley, Travis Wester, Alaina Huffman (Supernatural), Cliff Simon, Peter Williams, Jacqueline Samuda, Suanne Braun, David Hewlett, David Nykl (Stargate), Giancarlo Esposito (Breaking Bad), Helen Slater (Supergirl), Margot Kidder (Superman films), Mira Furlan (Babylon 5), Judson Scott (Star Trek), Michael Hogan (Battlestar Galactica, Teen Wolf), Jim Duggan (WWE), Peter Hambleton (The Hobbit), Matthew J. Doran (The Matrix). Authors: Robert Rankin (British humorous novelist), Terry Brooks (Shannara series) 24–27 October - Auckland, ASB Showgrounds, Greenlane", "title": "Armageddon (convention)" }, { "id": "20145867", "text": "Super Ma'am Super Ma'am (International title: \"My Teacher, My Hero\") is a 2017 Philippine television drama action fantasy series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Lord Alvin Madridejos and Albert Langitan, it stars Marian Rivera in the title role. It premiered on September 18, 2017 on the network's Telebabad line up replacing \"Mulawin vs. Ravena\" and occupying the timeslot of \"Alyas Robin Hood\" and aired worldwide on GMA Pinoy TV. The series concluded on January 26, 2018 with a total of 95 episodes. It was replaced by \"Sherlock Jr.\" in its timeslot. Originally titled as \"The Good Teacher\", it was", "title": "Super Ma'am" }, { "id": "10190712", "text": "the manga. It premiered in Japan on Fuji Television on April 26, 1989, taking over its predecessor's time slot, and ran for 291 episodes until its conclusion on January 31, 1996. Two television specials based on the \"Z\" series were aired on Fuji TV in Japan. The first, \"The One True Final Battle ~The Z Warrior Who Challenged Freeza -- Son Goku's Father~\", renamed \"\" by Funimation, was shown on October 17, 1990. The second special, \"Defiance in the Face of Despair!! The Remaining Super-Warriors: Gohan and Trunks\", renamed \"\" by Funimation, is based on a special chapter of the", "title": "Dragon Ball" }, { "id": "19635061", "text": "Two HD, which consisted of total three episodes. The series was set to broadcast internationally on BBC Earth channel. It debuted in Asia on each Wednesday starting from 20 July 2016, in Nordic region on each Sunday from 14 August 2016, and in South Africa aired each Sunday from 13 November 2016. The series premiered in Belgium on 24 March 2016 at the Canvas TV and in the Netherlands from 17 May 2016 on NPO 2. In Japan, the series aired all three episodes on 30 September 2017 at WOWOW's BBC Earth monthly block. As for the United States, the", "title": "Earth's Greatest Spectacles" }, { "id": "20139416", "text": "and former Invicta FC Bantamweight Champion and current UFC fighter Lauren Murphy. Team Alvarez: Episode 1: A New World Champion (August 30, 2017) Episode 2: Fight! (September 6, 2017) Episode 3: Time to Shine (September 13, 2017) Episode 4: The Truth in Me (September 20, 2017) Episode 5: Feelings Mean Nothing (September 27, 2017) Episode 6: Predator (October 4, 2017) Episode 7: Enjoy the Moment (October 18, 2017) Episode 8: Sink or Swim (November 1, 2017) Episode 9: The Fight Gods (November 8, 2017) Episode 10: Make it a Fight (November 15, 2017) Episode 11: A Will to Win (November", "title": "The Ultimate Fighter: A New World Champion" }, { "id": "18768930", "text": "were shot in Pacific Grove and Carmel Highlands as well. On October 16, 2016, HBO released the first teaser trailer for the series. On December 5, 2016, HBO released a full length trailer for the series. On February 7, 2017, the series held its official premiere at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles, California. Internationally, the series premiered on February 20, 2017, in Australia on Showcase, and on March 13, 2017, in the United Kingdom and Ireland on Sky Atlantic. The show was initially conceived of and billed as a miniseries of seven episodes. In the wake of the", "title": "Big Little Lies (TV series)" }, { "id": "19507911", "text": "ABS-CBN and ended on September 9, 2017. Only 14 episodes were aired. In Hong Kong, the TVB Pearl premiered the series with switchable dual-language in original English and local Cantonese version on October 11, 2017. In India, Zee Café premiered the first season on 29 September 2016. In Brazil, it has appeared since September 22, 2017 on the Warner Channel Brasil and on the open TV on Rede Globo. In Canada, the series is on Netflix with new seasons arriving each September. \"Lethal Weapon\" has received mixed reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported a 65% approval rating, with", "title": "Lethal Weapon (TV series)" }, { "id": "18922255", "text": "from September 2012 to February 2013 and consisted of ten episodes. It premiered on September 5, 2013 in selected regions. The series was renewed following strong ratings globally and locally and a ten-episode second season premiered on December 11, 2014. A third ten-episode season was commissioned on June 12, 2015. The series premiered on National Geographic Abu Dhabi and selected international versions of the National Geographic Channel globally on September 5, 2013. The second season premiered in selected markets globally, including the United Kingdom on October 29, 2014 with two episodes airing back-to-back. In Australia, season 1 premiered on September", "title": "Ultimate Airport Dubai" }, { "id": "20797326", "text": "ticket holders in Japan, limited to fifty thousand, starting on July 20 will receive one of two charms of the characters Goku and Vegeta, whose hair changes based on the temperature of the figure. A promotional one-hour television special aired on Fuji TV in Japan on December 2, 2018, entitled \"\"Just before the Dragon Ball Super debut! TV version climax recap\"\". The film was promoted through the \"Dragon Ball North America Tour 2018 with Bandai Collectibles\" sponsored by North American anime distributor Funimation, which was held in seven cities in the United States and Canada, starting with a San Diego", "title": "Dragon Ball Super: Broly" }, { "id": "5842677", "text": "three-disc DVD set in the United States on February 22, 2005. The sets included brief audio commentaries by Parker and Stone for each episode. The episode was included in the re-release of the fifth season on Blu-ray, released on December 5, 2017. This was the first time the episode was made available in HD, as the episode was not released alongside the rest of the season when it debuted in HD on iTunes in 2011. The episode is shown in its original presentation, without Muhammad's image being obscured as in later episodes of the series. Super Best Friends \"Super Best", "title": "Super Best Friends" }, { "id": "19595942", "text": "episode that aired on April 21, 2017, received a universal acclaim from viewers. The designated hashtag \"#TGLUnforgettableFinale\" topped the nationwide trending list on Twitter. \"The Greatest Love\" was reported to replace the soon-to-be concluded \"My Super D\" on July 18, 2016, but was postponed (and moved to later date) because of \"\". The network released several teasers of the show and announced a premiere date which is on September 5, 2016. A full length trailer was released on August 27, 2016. The Greatest Love (Philippine TV series) The Greatest Love is a 2016 Philippine family melodrama television series directed by", "title": "The Greatest Love (Philippine TV series)" }, { "id": "20234940", "text": "Melissa Benoist, who stars in the titular role, principal cast members Mehcad Brooks, Chyler Leigh, Jeremy Jordan, and David Harewood return from the first season, and are joined by Chris Wood and Floriana Lima. The season premiered on The CW on October 10, 2016, and ran until May 22, 2017, over 22 episodes. It received overall critical acclaim, being viewed as an improvement over the first season. The series was renewed for a third season on January 8, 2017. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On May 12, 2016, Warner Bros. Television announced that \"Supergirl\" had been renewed for a second season of 22 episodes", "title": "Supergirl (season 2)" }, { "id": "20156221", "text": "was announced through the social networks of the networks MTV Spain and MTV Latin America. Its premiere is planned in Latin America for October 18, 2016 and in Spain on the 23 of the same month, while the recording venue has been Marbella, Spain. In March 2017, a third season of the program was confirmed, its premiere is scheduled for October of the same year. On July 3, 2017, it was announced that the new season would be filmed in Rimini, Italy. Elettra Lamborghini was the first to be confirmed as a cast member this season. The next cast members", "title": "Super Shore" }, { "id": "17482897", "text": "on Tokyo MX at 11:00 pm on January 5, 2014, followed by TV Osaka, TV Aichi, BS Fuji and AT-X. The series is simulcasted in South East Asia at the same time as Japan on Animax Asia. The series has also been broadcast in Australia on SBS 2 since 3 October 2015. A manga adaptation ran in Square Enix's \"Young Gangan\" magazine from December 20, 2013 to October 3, 2014. The manga is licensed in English by Yen Press. The 13 episodes of the first season aired from January to March 2014, and the second season (also with 13 episodes)", "title": "Space Dandy" }, { "id": "19539168", "text": "October 6 and October 13 respectively. Just like Season 1, It is shown every Friday, at 5:30 p.m. on TV3, Fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth episodes shown on November 17, November 24, December 1 and December 8 respectively. Episode nine to eleven aired from February 9 to February 23, 2018. The twelfth episode was released on March 23, 2018. Thirteenth episode (last episode of Season 2) was released on March 30, making 26 episodes total. These characters are the agents of M.A.T.A (\"Meta Advance Tactical Agency\"), a secret spy organization that possess advanced technologies and is responsible for keeping the peace", "title": "Ejen Ali" }, { "id": "16095973", "text": "\"Super League Show\" is also available for one week after broadcast for streaming or download via the BBC iPlayer in the UK only. End of season play-offs are shown on BBC Two across the whole country in a weekly highlights package. Internationally, Super League is shown live or delayed on Showtime Sports (Middle East), Maori Television (New Zealand), TV 2 Sport (Norway), NTV+ (Russia), Fox Soccer Plus (United States), Eurosport (Australia) or SportsNet World (Canada). BBC Coverage: Commercial Radio Coverage: All Super League commentaries on any station are available via the particular stations on-line streaming. ESPN3 has worldwide broadband rights.", "title": "Super League XVII" }, { "id": "19603175", "text": "shown on Disney XD's UK YouTube channel on May 12, 2016 and on Teletoon's YouTube on November 30, 2016 respectively to help keep the show going, But it concluded with 11 two-minute shorts and ended on March 22, 2017 on Disney XD France's YouTube. A 2-part episode, \"Gone Gark\", is released on January 30, 2017 on Disney XD in the United States. It also served as the 26th segment and the 52nd episode, making it the season finale of season 1. It aired on Teletoon on Feburaury 9, 2017. In the UK, It was released on January 22, 2017. And", "title": "Counterfeit Cat" }, { "id": "20111260", "text": "July 11, 2017 at 9:00pm. The pilot was aired as a special preview on June 20, 2017, three weeks before its official premiere date. Freeform renewed the series for a second and third season, consisting of 10 episodes each, on October 4, 2017. At the same time it was announced that Amanda Lasher would assume the role of showrunner after series creator Sarah Watson had \"creative differences with the network\". In the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Spain, the series premiered exclusively on Amazon Prime Video on February 9, 2018. Sam Page who plays Richard Hunter, a member of the", "title": "The Bold Type" }, { "id": "19539166", "text": "They planned to develop this series at least until 5 seasons, then the films will follow. The first episode was broadcast on April 8, 2016, with the second and third episodes shown on April 15 and April 22 respectively. It is shown every Friday, at 5:30 p.m. on TV3. Fourth, fifth and sixth episodes shown on July 22, July 29, and August 5 respectively. Seventh to ninth episodes are shown on October 28, 2016 for three consecutive weeks. Tenth to twelfth episodes are shown on December 30, 2016, January 6 and January 13, 2017. Thirteenth episode (last episode of Season", "title": "Ejen Ali" }, { "id": "8483960", "text": "the United States July 11, 2000. The first DVD release was also in the UK, as part of the first season box set on May 3, 2004. A similar release followed in the United States on February 24, 2004, and a re-release occurred in the UK on September 24, 2007. Heroes and Demons \"Heroes and Demons\" is the 12th episode of the of the American science fiction television series \".\" The episode first aired on the UPN network on April 24, 1995. It was directed by Les Landau and written by former \"\" story editor Naren Shankar. Set in the", "title": "Heroes and Demons" }, { "id": "6103226", "text": "Jason Douglas Jason Douglas (born February 14, 1973) is an American actor and voice actor, known as Tobin on AMC's \"The Walking Dead\", as the voice of Beerus in the anime series \"Dragon Ball Super\" and Krieg in the video game \"Borderlands 2\". Douglas is noted for his appearances in films, including \"Sin City\", \"Parkland\", \"Two Step\" and \"No Country for Old Men\" as well as recurring and guest appearances on hit TV shows such as \"The Leftovers\", \"Breaking Bad\", \"Nashville\" and \"The Night Shift\". In addition to the role of Beerus in the \"Dragon Ball\" franchise, his prolific voice", "title": "Jason Douglas" }, { "id": "20891814", "text": "the United States on October 9, 2017, and ended on June 18, 2018. It premiered on October 16, 2017 in the United Kingdom on Sky One. The season was released on DVD on September 17, 2018, and Blu-ray on September 18, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gave the third season a 80% approval rating from critics with an average rating of 7.32/10, based on 13 reviews. The site's consensus reads, \"Heavier themes lead to higher stakes, but \"Supergirl\" gives its eponymous heroine and her fellow supers plenty of room for growth, creating a well-balanced, engaging third season.\" Jesse", "title": "Supergirl (season 3)" }, { "id": "20523566", "text": "(April 25, 2018) Episode 3: Pressure Makes Diamonds (May 2, 2018) Episode 4: Straight Savage (May 9, 2018) Episode 5: Break His Will (May 16, 2018) Episode 6: Dig Down Deep (May 23, 2018) Episode 7: The Cookie Crumbles (May 30, 2018) Episode 8: Face Your Fears (June 6, 2018) Episode 9: Guns Blazing (June 13, 2018) Episode 10: Embrace It (June 20, 2018) Episode 11: Ready For War (June 27, 2018) Episode 12: Blood, Sweat, and Tears (July 4, 2018) \"* Peña was pulled from the competition due to a fractured foot and was replaced by Gunther. \"* Steele", "title": "The Ultimate Fighter: Undefeated" }, { "id": "19387444", "text": "Movie Network, and debuted simultaneously with the U.S. broadcast. In Australia, episodes of the series are available to stream on Stan the same day as the original U.S. broadcast. Two episodes were screened at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival. In Japan, the series airs on the satellite television network Wowow, which also aired the original series. The first two episodes garnered positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 94% rating with an average score of 7.75 out of 10 based on 71 reviews. The site's critical consensus is, \"Surreal, suspenseful, and visually stunning, this new \"Twin Peaks\"", "title": "Twin Peaks (2017 TV series)" }, { "id": "15144539", "text": "The world premiere was on Cartoon Network (Australia), airing on October 1, 2016. The U.K network premiered the series on October 8, 2016. The German Cartoon Network premiered the first two episodes on October 10, 2016. The series premiered in the United States on April 10, 2017. Original International air date: October 2016 – present Original U.S. air date: April 10, 2017 – present Overall episode numbers: 231–350 Having 350 episodes and 21 seasons, the franchise as a whole is the most number of episodes and seasons on all Cartoon Network original series. The first film is a regular animated", "title": "Ben 10" }, { "id": "10777954", "text": "Cumbria, and East Yorkshire & Lincolnshire regions on Monday nights at 11.45pm. Since 2008, it has been repeated nationally on BBC Two, originally overnight on Mondays, but currently on Tuesday lunchtimes at 1pm. It can also be viewed over the internet or downloaded using the BBC iPlayer in the UK. End of season play-offs and World Club Challenge highlights are shown across the whole country in a highlights package. Before being succeeded by Tanya Arnold, Harry Gration presented the programme from 1999 until the latter part of the 2011 season. For the 2012 season, the programme was moved from Sundays", "title": "Super League Show" } ]	when do episodes 122 of dragon ball super come out
[ "a wreath of ivy" ]	[ { "id": "3065944", "text": "the name of their choice inside an urn, after which five tablets were randomly selected. The person who received the highest number of votes won. The winning author, actor and choir were thus selected not purely by lot, but chance did play a part. The passion of the Greeks for the tragedy was overwhelming: Athens, said the critics, spent more on theatre than on the fleet. When the cost for the shows became a sensitive subject, an admission fee was instated, alongside the so-called \"theorikon\", a special fund to pay for festival's expenses. Of the many tragedies known to have", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "17540677", "text": "backstage reporter respectively. Auditions for the season were held in Thesalloniki, Athens (Greece) and Nicosia (Cyprus). The show was broadcast on ANT1 and it was since the first episode a success with rates getting over 50% in household rating. Four contestants, one from each team, advanced to the final live show. Each one of the four finalists had their own song written by members of the Universal Music Group. Kiriakou was announced as the winner of the season, while Kosmidou was declared as the runner-up. Third and fourth places were Kintatos and Charalambous. The second season of \"The Voice of", "title": "The Voice of Greece" }, { "id": "9829153", "text": "reality series called Rush*d followed the six finalists that were selected by ABC Family staff from their hometowns and college campuses to Los Angeles. The Finalists: In the fifth episode of Rush'd, Laura Wise was announced the winner of the contest. In season two of Virtual Rush, Tom Kruszewski – Puckstopper35, was announced as the winner of the second and final contest. Following the second season the website was rendered inert. In the United Kingdom, episodes were followed by special behind-the-scenes features entitled \"Greek Uncovered\", which were available on BBC iPlayer and aired on BBC Three. In the Australian iTunes", "title": "Greek (TV series)" }, { "id": "20028897", "text": "a decision is made.Judges selected 96 performances between them the 3 of them,are duets.Radio station \"Rythmos 94.9\" hosted a draw which was called \"Rythmos Auditions\".The winner of the \"Rythmos Auditions\" qualified to the live auditions.The official YouTube channel of ANT1,organized a draw which was called \"Youtube Auditions\".The winner was determined from the video likes and qualified to the live auditions.The total of performances in Live Auditions was 98. Acts are announced.Only 16 contestants in waiting get the chance of actually performing during the show that day. As a reportage of the randomly announced performer is shown, viewers are invited to", "title": "Rising Star (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "17540678", "text": "Greece\" premiered on February 15, 2015 and concluded on June 21, 2015. The coaches from the first season, Aslanidou, Remos, Vandi and Kouinelis remained as the coaches while Giorgos Liagkas also stayed as the presenter. Four contestants, one from each team, advanced to the final live show. Each one of the four finalists had their own song written by members of the Universal Music Group. Ageris was announced as the winner of the season, while Vilanidi was declared as the runner-up. Third and fourth places were Mallas and Kabanelli. The third season of \"The Voice of Greece\" premiered on November", "title": "The Voice of Greece" }, { "id": "16095265", "text": "Greek government-debt crisis. An estimated 24,557 televotes were cast in the final, 14,172 coming from SMS votes and 10,385 from phone in votes. All proceeds from the televoting went to a charitable organizations \"Kivotos Tou Kosmou\" (Arc of the world), \"Paidika Horia SOS\" (Children's villages SOS), and \"To Hamogelo Tou Paidiou\" (The smile of a child). Eleftheria Eleftheriou was the overall winner of the night, winning both the jury and televote in a landslide victory. Following the national final, Eleftheriou plans to embark on a promotional campaign, the majority of which will be via internet. During the Semi-Final Allocation draw", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012" }, { "id": "3065943", "text": "chosen by the \"archon eponymous\". This procedure might have been based on a provisional script, each of which had to submit a tetralogy consisting of three tragedies and a satyr play. Each tetralogy was recited in one day, so that the recitation of tragedies lasted three days. The fourth day was dedicated to the staging of five comedies. At the end of these three days a jury of ten people chosen by lot from the body of citizens chose the best choir, best actor and best author. At the end of the performances, the judges placed a tablet inscribed with", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "17230679", "text": "came from the judges but Alevras' from the audience. Alevras chose to give the money from the audience voting to \"To Spiti Tou Ithopiou\" (The Actor's House). The second live of the show aired on April 21, 2013 and the winner of the night was Thanasis Alevras for the second time. Alevras chose to give the money from the audience voting once again to \"To Spiti Tou Ithopiou\" (The Actor's House). The third live of the show aired on April 28, 2013 and winner of the night was Kostas Martakis. Martakis chose to give the money from the audience voting", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 1)" }, { "id": "2811771", "text": "librarians later in Greek history, also played a role in what survived from this period). After the Great Destruction of Athens by the Persian Empire in 480 BCE, the town and acropolis were rebuilt, and theatre became formalized and an even greater part of Athenian culture and civic pride. This century is normally regarded as the Golden Age of Greek drama. The centre-piece of the annual Dionysia, which took place once in winter and once in spring, was a competition between three tragic playwrights at the Theatre of Dionysus. Each submitted three tragedies, plus a satyr play (a comic, burlesque", "title": "Theatre of ancient Greece" }, { "id": "2811768", "text": "performer — i.e., a \"thespian.\" The dramatic performances were important to the Athenians – this is made clear by the creation of a tragedy competition and festival in the City Dionysia. This was organized possibly to foster loyalty among the tribes of Attica (recently created by Cleisthenes). The festival was created roughly around 508 BC. While no drama texts exist from the sixth century BC, we do know the names of three competitors besides Thespis: Choerilus, Pratinas, and Phrynichus. Each is credited with different innovations in the field. More is known about Phrynichus. He won his first competition between 511", "title": "Theatre of ancient Greece" }, { "id": "14911701", "text": "Greek Civil War Τhe Greek Civil War (, \"o Emfýlios\" [\"Pólemos\"], \"the Civil War\") was fought in Greece from 1946 to 1949 between the Greek government army — backed by the United Kingdom and the United States — and the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE) — the military branch of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) — backed by Yugoslavia and Albania as well as by Bulgaria. It is often considered the first proxy war of the Cold War, although the Soviet Union avoided sending aid. The fighting resulted in the defeat of the DSE by the Hellenic Army. Founded", "title": "Greek Civil War" }, { "id": "7508828", "text": "was made up of Mimis Plessas, Antonis Andrikakis, Dimitris Starovas, Themos Anastasiadis, Christina Politi, Evangelia Piskera, Antonis Karatzikos, Rena Kapitsala, and a ninth vote was split between Sietse Bakker of \"ESCToday\" and Fotis Konstantopoulos of \"Oikotimes\". \"Everything\" was proclaimed the winner after receiving 47.79% of the total vote, representing over 200,000 televotes. Vissi received 55.66% of the vote from the viewers and 35.98% from the jury. \"Welcome to the Party\" placed second with 26.32% (27.69% from the viewers; 24.27% from the jury), 13.72% (7.25% from the viewers; 24.43% from the jury) for \"Who Cares About Love\" in third place, and", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006" }, { "id": "3065912", "text": "Greek tragedy Greek tragedy is a form of theatre from Ancient Greece and Asia Minor. It reached its most significant form in Athens in the 5th century BC, the works of which are sometimes called Attic tragedy. Greek tragedy is widely believed to be an extension of the ancient rites carried out in honor of Dionysus, and it heavily influenced the theatre of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance. Tragic plots were most often based upon myths from the oral traditions of archaic epics. In tragic theatre, however, these narratives were presented by actors. The most acclaimed Greek tragedians are Aeschylus,", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "20076623", "text": "audience got the highest final place out of the two in both situations. The \"Secret Guests\" of the evening were Loukas Giorkas, who helped Dimitris Makalias with his transformation and sang his song \"Watch My Dance\" and Alexis Kostalas, the long-time Greek spokesman who announced the votes for Greece between 1998 and 2010. Also, Fotis Sergoulopoulos transformed into Alexander Rybak and sang \"Fairytale\", the 2009 winning song. The fourth episode aired on May 14, 2017 and the winner was Parthena with 23 points. Parthena chose to give the money from the audience voting to the organization \"Agia Marina\" in Kavala.", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 4)" }, { "id": "20028902", "text": "end of the semi-final,the judges select the contestant who want to participate in the final.The vote panelist of judges is 5%. The winner was Giannis Xanthopoulos from the team of Christos Mastoras. Rising Star (Greek TV series) Rising Star (translated as Ανερχόμενο Αστέρι) is a Greek interactive reality singing competition, which was first broadcast on ANT1 from December 12, 2016. It is based on the \"Rising Star\" franchise created by Keshet Broadcasting. As the season begins, each contestant is asked to perform a well-known song in front of judges. After the song a vote is taken among judges whether to", "title": "Rising Star (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "17540680", "text": "Voice of Greece premiered on October 3, 2017 and conclude in December 20, 2017 on Skai TV (Greece) and Sigma TV (Cyprus). The coaches from the third season, Paparizou, Rouvas, Maraveyas and Mouzourakis remained as the coaches while Kapoutzidis also stayed as the presenter but Laura Narjes is the new that she will serving as the backstage and social networking corresponding. Eight contestants, three from Rouvas team, two from Mouzourakis and Maraveyas team and one from Paparizou team, advanced to the final live show. Zioris was announced as the winner of the season, while Ioakeim was declared as the runner-up.", "title": "The Voice of Greece" }, { "id": "3065921", "text": "speech about his own situation or, when he enters as messenger, with a narrative of disastrous events ... Naturally, the transformation of the leader into an actor entailed a dramatization of the chorus. Tradition attributes Thespis as the first person to represent a character in a play. This took place in 534 BC during the Dionysia established by Peisistratus. Of his tragedies we know little except that the choir was still formed by Satyrs and that, according to Aristotle, he was the first to win a dramatic contest, and the first () who portrayed a character rather than speaking as", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "17540679", "text": "16, 2016 and concluded on March 2, 2017 on Skai TV (Greece) and Sigma TV (Cyprus). The new coaches of the third season were Helena Paparizou, Sakis Rouvas, Kostis Maraveyas and Panos Mouzourakis while The show is hosted by Giorgos Kapoutzidis with Elena Tsagkrinou serving as the backstage and social networking corresponding. Eight contestants, four from Maraveyas team and two from Mouzourakis and Rouvas team, advanced to the final live show. Margaris was announced as the winner of the season, while Leipsaki was declared as the runner-up. Third and fourth places were Theodorou and Milioni. The fourth season of The", "title": "The Voice of Greece" }, { "id": "16007238", "text": "Music. 2012: \"Tha me vreis\" (in Greek \"Θα με βρεις\") Panagiotis Tsakalakos Panagiotis Tsakalakos (in Greek Παναγιώτης Τσακαλάκος) (born in New Jersey, United States in c. 1978) a Greek-American singer and guitarist is the winner of the second series of \"Greek Idol\". In the final held on 25 June 2011, he won with 53.8% of the public votes against rival finalist Malou Kiriakopoulou (in Greek Μαλού Κυριακοπούλου). Soon after his win, he released his debut single \"Poly mou paei\" (in Greek \"Πολύ Μου Πάει\"). Panagiotis Tsakalakos parents went to the U.S. in the early 1970s where his father did graduate", "title": "Panagiotis Tsakalakos" }, { "id": "20076621", "text": "points to Giannis Chatzopoulos, the 5 points to Antonis and the 4 points to Giannis Chatzigeorgiou. After the combined final scores, two contestants had 14 points and other three had 12 points. In each tie, the one who got the highest score from the audience got the highest final place and the one with the lowest got the lowest place. The second episode aired on April 30, 2017 and the winner was Giannis Chatzigeorgiou with 22 points. Chatzigeorgiou chose to give the money from audience to \"The Smile of the Child\". After the combined final scores, two contestants had 23", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 4)" }, { "id": "17230677", "text": "to \"Mana\" (Mother) organization every week. During the live shows, no one is eliminated at the end of the night. At the end of the semifinal, the four couples with the highest cumulative scores from all eleven lives are the ones who can compete at the final for the first place. The four finalists are scored only by the audience in the final and the contestant who receives the most votes is the winner of the show. Audience is able to vote during the whole week for the winner. The host of the show was Maria Bekatorou and the four", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 1)" }, { "id": "17230496", "text": "contestants were five women and five men; Josephine, Apostolia Zoi, Valeria Kouroupi, Eleni Karakasi, Mathildi Maggira, Stamatis Gardelis, Othonas Metaxas, Valandis, Dimos Beke and Giannis Kritikos. The trailer of the season started airing on March 18, 2016. The last show was aired on June 26, 2016 and the winner of the season was the singer Giannis Kritikos. The fourth season of the show premiered on 23 April 2017 on ANT1 and the contestants this time were four women and six men; Sabrina, Irene Trost, Koni Metaxa, Parthena Horozidou, Isaias Matiaba, Aris Makris, Giannis Chatzigeorgiou, Antonis Dominos, Giannis Chatzopoulos and Dimitris", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "14127135", "text": "Greek Idol Greek Idol is a reality television competition to find new solo singing talent. Part of the \"Idol\" franchise, it is based on the British show \"Pop Idol\" created by Simon Fuller. The first season of the show debut on March 5, 2010 on Alpha TV. The second season is scheduled to premiere on 19 February 2011. The show is broadcast simultaneously by Sigma TV in Cyprus. The program, which also holds auditions in Cyprus, aims to discover the best singer with the winner determined by the viewers. Through telephone and SMS text voting, viewers choose Valanto Trifonos as", "title": "Greek Idol" }, { "id": "2811776", "text": "the current state of the art. The first seats in Greek theatres (other than just sitting on the ground) were wooden, but around 499 BCE the practice of inlaying stone blocks into the side of the hill to create permanent, stable seating became more common. They were called the \"prohedria\" and reserved for priests and a few most respected citizens. In 465 BCE, the playwrights began using a backdrop or scenic wall, which hung or stood behind the orchestra, which also served as an area where actors could change their costumes. It was known as the \"skênê\" (from which the", "title": "Theatre of ancient Greece" }, { "id": "16007237", "text": "Panagiotis Tsakalakos Panagiotis Tsakalakos (in Greek Παναγιώτης Τσακαλάκος) (born in New Jersey, United States in c. 1978) a Greek-American singer and guitarist is the winner of the second series of \"Greek Idol\". In the final held on 25 June 2011, he won with 53.8% of the public votes against rival finalist Malou Kiriakopoulou (in Greek Μαλού Κυριακοπούλου). Soon after his win, he released his debut single \"Poly mou paei\" (in Greek \"Πολύ Μου Πάει\"). Panagiotis Tsakalakos parents went to the U.S. in the early 1970s where his father did graduate work at Northwestern. He holds bachelor's and master's degrees in", "title": "Panagiotis Tsakalakos" }, { "id": "12205478", "text": "Is Our Night\" was declared the winner, gaining a large majority of the votes. Following the selection of the song, Rouvas began a promotional tour around Europe and appeared on many shows, including the selections for other countries participating in the Contest. At the second semi-final of the Contest on May 14, Greece qualified for the final after coming in fourth place with 110 points. At the May 16 final, Rouvas presented \"This Is Our Night\" eighth out of 25 and at the end of voting, was awarded seventh place, marking Greece's sixth consecutive top 10 placing since 2004. Prior", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009" }, { "id": "20076620", "text": "Maria Bekatorou and the four judges will be Elli Kokkinou, Stamatis Fassoulis, Fotis Sergoulopoulos and Nikos Moutsinas. Ten contestants in total competed in the fourth season; four women and six men: The premiere aired on April 23, 2017 and winner of the first live was Isaias with 22 points. Isaias chose to give the money from the audience voting to the organization \"Syllogos Iliachtida\" in Agrinio. After the judges and contestants' scores, Giannis Chatzigeorgiou, Giannis Chatzopoulos and Antonis were tied with 24 points. Kokkinou, who was the president of the judges for the week, chose to give the final 6", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 4)" }, { "id": "20076630", "text": "the winner is decided only by the audience. The twelfth and final live aired on July 13, 2017 and the winner of the show was Giannis Chatzigeorgiou. The income from the audience voting for the final, was divided in ten equal parts and was given to all ten foundations that the contestants were representing during the twelve live shows. At the beginning of the show, Bekatorou performed the song \"Den Kanei Kryo stin Ellada\" by Locomondo. The six contestants who did not compete in the finals, received a special award for their participation on the show. Your Face Sounds Familiar", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 4)" }, { "id": "15546600", "text": "the judges had been left amazed with her vocal abilities. Having been chosen in the final 10 of the show, week by week her performances were applauded by the judges and the public. However it was not only her voice that won their hearts but also her petite-frame and childish naiveness. No \"Greek Idol\" fan can forget her nickname \"Fraoulitsa/Φραουλίτσα\" (little strawberry), given to her by one of the judges, Petros Kostopoulos. \"Greek Idol I\" ended with Nicole winning 2nd place. Straight after the end of \"Greek Idol I\" in June 2010, Nicole began her journey in the music pathways", "title": "Nicole Paparistodemou" }, { "id": "2153248", "text": "The Persians The Persians (, \"Persai\", Latinised as \"Persae\") is an ancient Greek tragedy written during the Classical period of Ancient Greece by the Greek tragedian Aeschylus. It is the second and only surviving part of a now otherwise lost trilogy that won the first prize at the dramatic competitions in Athens' City Dionysia festival in 472 BCE, with Pericles serving as \"choregos\". The first play in the trilogy, called \"Phineus\", presumably dealt with Jason and the Argonauts' rescue of King Phineus from the torture that the monstrous harpies inflicted at the behest of Zeus. The subject of the third", "title": "The Persians" }, { "id": "17540655", "text": "in the Galatsi Olympic Hall, in Galatsi, Athens, Greece. Maria Elena Kiriakou, Kostas Ageris, Giannis Margaris and Yiorgos Zioris are currently the four winners produced by the series. The show was renewed for a second season on ANT1 TV that premiered during the 2014–2015 season along with a kids version of the show, which was later canceled. \"The Voice of Greece\" was often mentioned in July–August 2013 by the media as the new reality show on the Greek television. Even though no broadcaster had officially announce the show, ANT1 and Mega Channel were the possible channels that would host the", "title": "The Voice of Greece" }, { "id": "11711511", "text": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 Greece and Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi (ERT) chose to host a national selection with the winner being chosen by SMS voting (30%), televoting (30%) and an \"expert\" jury (40%). Mando was chosen with \"Never Let You Go\" and achieved 17th place in Eurovision. The national final took place on February 26, 2003 at the Ciné Keramikos nightclub. The hosts of the show were Dafni Bokota, Rika Vagiani and Popi Tsapanidou. The winner was chosen via SMS voting (30%), televoting (30%) and an \"expert\" jury (40%). By order performed: \"Never Let You Go\" was performed", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003" }, { "id": "15304623", "text": "Eugenia Manolidou. The judges of the Greek show were Yiannis Loukakos, Lefteris Lazarou and Dimitris Skarmoutsos. The winner of the first series was Akis Petretzikis. The second season premiered on 24 December 2012. This season was hosted by Maria Synatsaki and all three chefs remain as judges. The show was put on hiatus after the penultimate episode due to financial difficulties of both the production company, Studio ATA, and Mega Channel itself, resulting in both finalists being declared winners. The two winners are Kostis Kampas and Mpampis Koudouris. The third season premiered on 4 May 2017. The judges of the", "title": "MasterChef Greece" }, { "id": "20076624", "text": "The guests of the evening were Zeta Makripoulia, who replaced Elli Kokkinou due to Kokkinou's business commitments and the cast of the musical Evita. The fifth episode aired on May 25, 2017 and the winner was Aris with 24 points. Aris chose to give the money from the audience voting to the organization \"Kethea-Orizontes\" in Athens. The guests of the evening were Thanasis Alevras, who replaced Fotis Sergoulopoulos due to Sergoulopoulos' planned trip and Kostas Voutsas who helped Dimitris Makalias during his performance. The sixth episode aired on June 1, 2017 and the winner was Aris with 24 points. Aris", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 4)" }, { "id": "2811766", "text": "it lost its ability for change and growth. For these reasons, among many others, oral storytelling flourished in Greece. Greek tragedy as we know it was created in Athens around the time of 532 BC, when Thespis was the earliest recorded actor. Being a winner of the first theatrical contest held in Athens, he was the \"exarchon\", or leader, of the dithyrambs performed in and around Attica, especially at the rural Dionysia. By Thespis' time, the dithyramb had evolved far away from its cult roots. Under the influence of heroic epic, Doric choral lyric and the innovations of the poet", "title": "Theatre of ancient Greece" }, { "id": "11714767", "text": "points were then performed for a second time where the winner was chosen via televoting (50%) and a second vote by the \"expert\" jury (50%). The winner of the televoting was rewarded four points, the second placed song three points, the third two points and the fourth one point. The same point value was awarded with the jury's vote. In the event of a tie, the televoting result was given greater value. This vote was performed only by the judging panel. The top four songs were sent to the final vote. By order performed: The four best songs were performed", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2001" }, { "id": "19971293", "text": "Star Academy (Greek TV series) Star Academy was a Greek reality TV show. The series began on March 17, 2017 on the E Channel network and completed in July 15, 2017 The Judges were Anna Vissi, Petros Kostopoulos, Nikos Mouratides, Nikos Karvelas (after him: Alexandros Rigas) and Natalia Germanou. Presenters Menios Fourthiotis (stage) Martzi Lazarou (backstage) Sotiris Karamitzas (backstage) Final results: 1st place: Xristina Xirokosta 2nd place: Elena Koroneou 3rd place: Stylianos Xanthos Star Academy - Super Star Academy Lives 1 - 4: Star Academy (note: no backstage room) Lives 5 - 16: Super Star Academy Star Academy Kick off", "title": "Star Academy (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "17230494", "text": "men; Anta Livitsanou, Crystallia, Mando, Sylvia Delikoura, Thomai Apergi, Konstantinos Kazakos, Kostas Martakis, Krateros Katsoulis, Nikos Ganos and Thanasis Alevras. The trailer of the season featured a man transforming to Madonna and singing \"\"Like a Virgin\"\" while Bekatorou says: \"It's coming and it will change our Sundays\". The last show was aired on June 30, 2013 and the winner of the season was the actor Thanasis Alevras. The second season of the show premiered on March 9, 2014 on ANT1 and the contestants are five women and five men; Eleftheria Eleftheriou, Sophia Vossou, Betty Maggira, Sophia Kourtidou, Vanessa Adamopoulou, Giannis", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "2811764", "text": "Theatre of ancient Greece The ancient Greek drama was a theatrical culture that flourished in ancient Greece from 700 BC. The city-state of Athens, which became a significant cultural, political, and military power during this period, was its center, where it was institutionalised as part of a festival called the Dionysia, which honored the god Dionysus. Tragedy (late 500 BC), comedy (490 BC), and the satyr play were the three dramatic genres to emerge there. Athens exported the festival to its numerous colonies. The word τραγῳδία ('tragodia'), from which the word \"tragedy\" is derived, is a compound of two Greek", "title": "Theatre of ancient Greece" }, { "id": "13652035", "text": "and songwriter Poseidon Yannopoulos. The winner was Giorgos Alkaios & Friends with the song \"Opa\". The placings of the other participants were not revealed. On 15 March 2010, ERT revealed the jury and televoting results of the top three songs. Songs were awarded points as they would in the Eurovision Song Contest. As the top three songs were all tied in points, the public vote prevailed with Giorgos Alkaios winning. Due to financial constraints facing ERT, the winning entry had a limited budget compared to past years, with ERT only paying for the music video and a very limited promotional", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010" }, { "id": "7017252", "text": "Greece won for the first time in 2005 with Elena Paparizou singing \"My Number One\", which at the time tied for the record for the most number of \"twelve points\" allocated to a song (ten in total) along with Katrina and the Waves' 1997 \"Love Shine A Light\". The song also made Greece the first country not a member of Big Four to win the contest without going through a semifinal. After Eurovision, the song topped the charts in Greece, Cyprus and Sweden and entered the top ten in Romania, the Netherlands, Hungary, Belgium, as well as the American \"Billboard\"", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest" }, { "id": "10263443", "text": "Κωστόπουλος)<br> Igor Mara Hernandez (Ιγκόρ Μόρα Ερνάντες)<br> Andreas Ioannou (Αντρέας Ιωάννου) <br> Elena Tsikitikou (Ελενα Τσικιτίκου)<br> Anastasios Kanaridis (Αναστάσιος Καναρίδης) The winner of season two was Elena Tsikitikou (Ελενα Τσικιτίκου).<br> Top 4: Ania Donchenko, Zoï Tatopoulos, Igor Mara Hernandez Contributors:<br> Hostess: Doukissa Nomikou (Δούκισσα Νομικού) <br> Judge 1: Ivan Svitailo (Ιβάν Σβιτάιλο)<br> Judge 2: Konstantinos Rigos (Κωνσταντίνος Ρήγος)<br> Judge 3: Panos Metaxopoulos (Πάνος Μεταξόπουλος)<br> Judge 4: Eleni Foureira (Ελένη Φουρέιρα)<br> Judge 5: Ioannis Melissanidis (Ιωάννης Μελισσανίδης)<br> Choreographer: Bill RoXenos (Μπίλ Ρόξενος)<br> Choreographer: Courtney Parker (Κόρτνεϊ Πάρκερ)<br> Choreographer: Zoï Tatopoulos (Ζωή Τατόπουλος)<br> Choreographer: Alexander Velinov (Αλεξάντερ Βέλινοβ)<br> Choreographer: Vivi Stamoyli (Βιβή", "title": "So You Think You Can Dance (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "9268490", "text": "Maria Bakodimou. The artists involved in the national final were Sarbel, Christos Dantis, and Tamta. The winner was chosen via 50% Tele-voting/SMS Messaging and 50% internal jury. Similar to the previous year's show, there was also entertainment in the show. Some of the international guests included Swiss participant DJ Bobo, Cypriot participants Evridiki and Dimitris Korgialas, Belarus participant Dmitry Koldun, and Bulgarian participants Elitsa Todorova & Stoyan Yankulov. Greek entertainment included Natasa Theodoridou, Michalis Hatzigiannis, and Despina Olympiou. Elena Paparizou and Sakis Rouvas were also guest at the show but did not sing. The hosts also provided comedy skits, an", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007" }, { "id": "13048208", "text": "same moment, a Greek flag is displayed on the floor, only visible to the television viewers. The final part of the performance was completed by silver fireworks in two separate parts. The official \"Eurovision\" website states that, this year, Greece had made \"high-tech advancements\" in the contest's standards. Whilst Rouvas was disappointed with his seventh-place finish, announcing to Greek media \"I am so sorry, I wanted us to win\", there was still unanimous support towards the artist himself in the country. \"Seventh in Europe, first in our hearts\" many journalists reported on Greek television. The media and public pronounced their", "title": "This Is Our Night" }, { "id": "17879257", "text": "night clubs, Andreas sets off to find her, wandered in the places of night fun. Soon Stella is disappointed by the people of nightlife and returns to Andreas. winner: nominated: Edge of Night (film) Edge of Night (Greek:Αυτή η νύχτα μένει/Afti i nyhta menei) is a Greek film directed by Nikos Panayotopoulos. The film released on 7 January 2000 and stars Nikos Kouris and Athina Maximou. It won six awards in Greek State Film Awards. Stella is a beautiful young woman with a talent in singing. She dreams of doing one day a big career in singing. Andreas, her boyfriend", "title": "Edge of Night (film)" }, { "id": "8217558", "text": "given to the contestant. The other half is given to a viewer that has participated in a text message contest going on during the broadcast. Usually, three of the boxes contain items of little value (such as a brick, an umbrella, or a souvlaki). Sometimes, the Banker offers a box exchange instead of cash. A player won the top prize after refusing the offer of €80,000. The show ended in February 2008, before returning on October 2010. NOTE: The daytime version of the show returned in October 2010, with the top prize reduced to €150,000, and further adjustments made to", "title": "Deal (Greek game show)" }, { "id": "19810553", "text": "SunStroke Project were the guests of the night, singing the Cypriot entry \"Gravity\" and the Moldovan entry \"Hey, Mamma!\" respectively. Initially, ERT announced that the winning song would be selected by 100% televoting. Later, it was announced that for the first time, together with the public, the song would be selected by a jury of Greek communities of the Diaspora. In particular, their vote gave representatives of communities from Belgium, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Germany (Munich and Nuremberg), Armenia, Italy, Austria and Ukraine. The quota on the ballot was 70% public (via televoting) and 30% jury. According to Eurovision rules, all nations", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017" }, { "id": "17230497", "text": "Makalias. The trailer of the season started airing on March 27, 2017. The last show was aired on July 14, 2017 and the winner of the season was the singer Giannis Chatzigeorgiou. The fifth season of the show will premiere on January 2019 on ANT1. Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek TV series) Your Face Sounds Familiar is the Greek version of the international reality television franchise \"Your Face Sounds Familiar\", developed by Endemol. The show premiered on 14 April 2013 on ANT1. The show consists of twelve live shows, where ten celebrities (singers and actors) try to incarnate various stars", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "12570139", "text": "for the first three seasons. For the fourth and fifth season was broadcast live in Greece via Skai TV and in Cyprus via Sigma TV. From sixth season is broadcast live in Greece via Open TV and in Cyprus via Omega. The winners of the show are: in the 1st season is Loukas Giorkas, in 2nd is Stavros Michalakakos, in 3rd is Harry Antoniou, in 4th is Andreas Leontas, and in 5th is Panagiotis Koufogiannis. There are four stages to the competition: To date, five series have been broadcast, as summarised below. Key: The first series of the Greek X", "title": "The X Factor (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "3642522", "text": "two giants of Athenian tragedy: Aeschylus and Euripides. When it was performed for the first time at the Lenaia Festival in 405 BC, just one year after the death of Euripides, the Athenians awarded it first prize. It was the only Greek play that was ever given an encore performance, which took place two months later at the City Dionysia. Even today, \"The Frogs\" still appeals to modern audiences. A commercially successful modern musical adaptation of it was performed on Broadway in 2004. The third dramatic genre was the satyr play. Although the genre was popular, only one complete example", "title": "Ancient Greek literature" }, { "id": "3065938", "text": "figures performed by the Chorus as they present their odes. To the right and left of the theatron are the \"paradoi\", which are used not only by the spectators for entering and leaving the theatre, but also for the entrances and exits of actors and the Chorus. Directly beyond the circular \"orchestra\" lies the \"skene\" or scene building. ... In most plays the skene represents the facade of a house, a palace, or a temple. The skene normally had three doors which served as additional entrances and exits for the actors. Immediately in front of the scene-building was a level", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "3065942", "text": "emphasis in Euripides’ Orestes on political factions, for example, is directly relevant to the Athens of 408 BCE. The performances of the tragedies took place in Athens on the occasion of the Great Dionysia, feasts in honor of Dionysus celebrated in the month of Elaphebolion, towards the end of March. It was organized by the State and the eponymous archon, who picked three of the richest citizens to pay for the drama's expenses. In the Athenian democracy wealthy citizens were required to fund public services, a practice known as \"liturgy\". During the Dionysia a contest took place between three plays,", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "14911777", "text": "had they lived in that era\", 39% responded \"neither side\", 14% responded \"the right wing\", 23% \"the left wing\" ; while 24% did not respond. The following are available only in Greek: Greek Civil War Τhe Greek Civil War (, \"o Emfýlios\" [\"Pólemos\"], \"the Civil War\") was fought in Greece from 1946 to 1949 between the Greek government army — backed by the United Kingdom and the United States — and the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE) — the military branch of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) — backed by Yugoslavia and Albania as well as by Bulgaria. It", "title": "Greek Civil War" }, { "id": "20188033", "text": "2017–18 Greek Football Cup The 2017–18 Greek Cup was the 76th edition of the Greek Football Cup. A total of 33 clubs were accepted to enter. The competition commenced on September 2017 with the Preliminary Round and concluded on the 12th of May 2018 with the Final.PAOK won the competition for a second consecutive year(thus defending the title) beating AEK Athens 2-0 in the final held at Athens Olympic Stadium. The draw for this round took place on August 2017. The draw for this round took place on 11 August 2017. The draw for this round took place on 4", "title": "2017–18 Greek Football Cup" }, { "id": "17869822", "text": "The Voice of Greece (season 2) The second season of the Greek and Cypriot reality talent show The Voice of Greece premiered in February 15, 2015 on ANT1. Based on the reality singing competition \"The Voice of Holland\", the series was created by Dutch television producer John de Mol. It is part of an international series. On July 16, 2014, it was confirmed that both the presenters and the coaches of the previous season would return. The winner receives a record deal with Minos EMI and a Peugeot 108 as part of his prizes. Each coach of the season had,", "title": "The Voice of Greece (season 2)" }, { "id": "12231408", "text": "the winner was chosen via televoting (50%) and a second vote by the \"expert\" jury (50%). Ten songs performed in the first round. The top five songs were chosen by an \"expert jury\" and were performed again. By order performed: The five best songs were performed for a second time where the winner was chosen via televoting (50%) and by the expert judging panel (50%). By order performed: Rakintzis performed 3rd in the running order at the Eurovision 2002 final. He was accompanied on stage with four male singers/dancers all dressed in plastic robot type suits. The song finished 17th", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002" }, { "id": "7017257", "text": "band Argo with the song \"Utopian Land\". For the first time since the semi-finals were introduced in 2004, Greece failed to qualify for the final. They finished 16th in the first semi-final. In 2017, ERT selected the composer Dimitris Kontopoulos and the choreographer Fokas Evangelinos internally. They chose Demy for representing Greece in Kiev. ERT agreed, and on the 6 March 2017, Greece chose their song via a national final. Three songs were competed: \"Angels\", \"This Is Love\" and \"When The Morning Comes Around\". The final result was combined by 70% from televoting and by 30% from international juries from", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest" }, { "id": "20076625", "text": "chose to give the money from the audience voting to the organization \"Kethea-Orizontes\" in Athens. After the combined final scores, three contestants had 17 points and two contestants had 9 points. The one who got the highest score from the audience got the highest final place out of the two in both situations. The seventh episode aired on June 8, 2017 and the winner was Giannis Chatzigeorgiou with 22 points. Chatzigeorgiou chose to give the money from audience to \"The Smile of the Child\". After the combined final scores, two contestants had 16 points and two contestants had 13 points.", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 4)" }, { "id": "2811774", "text": "had a chorus from 12 to 15 people, who performed the plays in verse accompanied by music, beginning in the morning and lasting until the evening. The performance space was a simple circular space, the \"orchestra\", where the chorus danced and sang. The orchestra, which had an average diameter of 78 feet, was situated on a flattened terrace at the foot of a hill, the slope of which produced a natural \"theatron\", literally \"seeing place\". Later, the term \"theatre\" came to be applied to the whole area of theatron, orchestra, and skené. The \"coryphaeus\" was the head chorus member who", "title": "Theatre of ancient Greece" }, { "id": "19971295", "text": "on air at first six and then five times a week at 21.00 and during them the viewers could watch the contestants`s life in the academy. Star Academy (Greek TV series) Star Academy was a Greek reality TV show. The series began on March 17, 2017 on the E Channel network and completed in July 15, 2017 The Judges were Anna Vissi, Petros Kostopoulos, Nikos Mouratides, Nikos Karvelas (after him: Alexandros Rigas) and Natalia Germanou. Presenters Menios Fourthiotis (stage) Martzi Lazarou (backstage) Sotiris Karamitzas (backstage) Final results: 1st place: Xristina Xirokosta 2nd place: Elena Koroneou 3rd place: Stylianos Xanthos Star", "title": "Star Academy (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "11711513", "text": "\"Shake It\". Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 Greece and Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi (ERT) chose to host a national selection with the winner being chosen by SMS voting (30%), televoting (30%) and an \"expert\" jury (40%). Mando was chosen with \"Never Let You Go\" and achieved 17th place in Eurovision. The national final took place on February 26, 2003 at the Ciné Keramikos nightclub. The hosts of the show were Dafni Bokota, Rika Vagiani and Popi Tsapanidou. The winner was chosen via SMS voting (30%), televoting (30%) and an \"expert\" jury (40%). By order performed: \"Never Let You Go\"", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003" }, { "id": "5325177", "text": "Michael Constantine Michael Constantine (born May 22, 1927) is an American actor of Greek descent. He is most widely recognized for his portrayal of Kostas \"Gus\" Portokalos, the Windex bottle-toting Greek father of Toula Portokalos (Nia Vardalos), in the surprise hit film \"My Big Fat Greek Wedding\" (2002). Earlier, he earned much acclaim for his extensive television work, especially as the long-suffering high school principal, Seymour Kaufman, on ABC's sitcom, \"Room 222,\" for which he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series in 1970; he was again recognized by the Emmy Awards, as well", "title": "Michael Constantine" }, { "id": "14911776", "text": "Army of Greece, for the first time in Greek postwar history. Under the aforementioned law, the term \"communist bandits\" (Κομμουνιστοσυμμορίτες \"Kommounistosymmorites\", ΚΣ), wherever it had occurred in Greek law, was replaced by the term \"Fighters of the DSE\". In a 2008 Gallup poll, Greeks were asked \"whether it was better that the right wing won the Civil War\". 43% responded that it was better for Greece that the right wing won, 13% responded that it would have been better if the left had won, 20% responded \"neither\" and 24% did not respond. When asked \"which side they would have supported", "title": "Greek Civil War" }, { "id": "8265262", "text": "the Edinburgh Festival and London's Theatre Royal Stratford East in 1990. In 2002 the play was remounted by TheatronGroup with some of the original cast in the Downstairs Theatre of Belvoir Street Theatre. The play runs for one hour and twenty minutes without an interval and concerns the troubled relationship of a Greek couple Alex and Calliope. Greek Tragedy (play) Greek Tragedy is a 1989 play by British playwright Mike Leigh.The play was originally presented at Company B Belvoir Street Theatre, Sydney Australia. It was devised by Mike Leigh with six Australian actors who were chosen after extensive auditions. The", "title": "Greek Tragedy (play)" }, { "id": "19407017", "text": "May 29, 2016 and the winner was Stamatis with 24 points. Stamatis chose to give the money from the audience voting to the non profit organization \"Paidia tis Gis\". After the combined final scores, there was a tie with four contestants getting 16 points. The one who got the highest score from the audience got the highest final place, the one with the second highest score from the audience the second highest final place and so on. The ninth episode aired on June 5, 2016 and the winner was Eleni with 24 points. Eleni chose to give the money from", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 3)" }, { "id": "17230682", "text": "Katsoulis. Katsoulis chose to give the money from the audience voting to \"Paidiko Chorio SOS\" (Children's Village SOS). Thomai Apergi returned to the show after two weeks of absence due to illness. The seventh live of the show aired on May 26, 2013 and winner of the night was Anta Livitsanou with 22 points. Thomai Apergp also got 22 points but he ended up in the second place because she got 10 points from the audience while Livitsanou got 11. Livitsanou chose to give the money from the audience voting to \"Koinoniko Mitropolitiko Iatreio tou Ellinikou\" (Social Metropolitan Clinic of", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 1)" }, { "id": "14127137", "text": "Georgantas on Mega Channel. The winner was Stavros Konstantinou. Due to low ratings, Mega Channel had decided to cancel Super Idol after the inaugural 2004 season. Alpha TV expressed desire to revive the show in a revamped version. It was first revealed to the public on December 15, 2009 when Alpha TV began airing the first advertisement. The name was also changed from \"Super Idol\" to \"Greek Idol\" and the new logo launched. A number of Greek entertainers had been rumored as potential hosts of the show, haven gone through screen tests. On January 19, 2010, Alpha TV announced that", "title": "Greek Idol" }, { "id": "3065937", "text": "the best location in the theatre, is the throne of the priest of Dionysus who presides in a sense over the whole performance. The theatron is large-in fact, the one in Athens, in the Theatre of Dionysus, with its seats banked up on the south slope of the Acropolis, seated approximately 17,000 persons. The spectator sees before him a level circular area called the \"orchestra\", which means literally the \"dancing place\". ... In the centre of the orchestra stands an altar. A part of the dramatic action will take place in the orchestra, as well as the manoeuvres and dance", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "2526616", "text": "My Big Fat Greek Wedding My Big Fat Greek Wedding is a 2002 romantic comedy film directed by Joel Zwick and written by Nia Vardalos, who also stars in the film as Fotoula \"Toula\" Portokalos, a middle class Greek American woman who falls in love with non-Greek upper middle class White Anglo-Saxon Protestant Ian Miller. The film received generally positive reviews from critics and, at the 75th Academy Awards, it was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. A sleeper hit, the film became the highest-grossing romantic comedy of all time, and grossed $241.4 million in North America,", "title": "My Big Fat Greek Wedding" }, { "id": "17528720", "text": "(with translations by famous writers such as Salvatore Quasimodo), without sound systems because of the quality of the theatre's acoustics. Each theatre season begins in May and ends in July, attracting thousands of spectators from all over the world. Some of the most illustrious performed tragedies are \"Antigone\", \"Oedipus Rex\", \"Electra\", \"Medea\" and \"The Bacchae\". Aside from this, the theatre has enjoyed use for concerts and official prizegivings, like the Premio Vittorini, but such use has been tightly limited for conservation reasons. Since 2010 the theatre has been one of the monuments of the Servizio Parco Archeologico di Siracusa and", "title": "Greek Theatre of Syracuse" }, { "id": "17908934", "text": "and the 4 points to Betty. After the combined final scores, three contestants had 10 points. The one who got the highest score from the audience got the highest final place out of the three and the one with the lowest got the lowest place. The fourth episode aired on March 30, 2014 and the winner was Giannis Savvidakis with 22 points. Savvidakis chose to give the money from the audience voting to the foundation \"Grammi Gia To Paidi\". After the judges and contestants' scores, Pantelis and Sophia K. were tied. Zaharatos, who was the president of the judges for", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 2)" }, { "id": "17908945", "text": "Eleftheriou with 194 points. It was also the last time the judges were going to score the contestants since the winner is decided only by the audience. The thirteenth and final live aired on June 15, 2014 and the winner of the show was Giannis Savvidakis. The income from the audience voting for the final, was divided in ten equal parts and was given to all ten foundations that the contestants were representing during the thirteen live shows. At the beginning of the show, Bekatorou performed the songs \"Genghis Khan\" by Lakis Jordanelli and \"Ksafnika m'agapas\" by The Idols. In", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 2)" }, { "id": "1614544", "text": "the Chorus is \"the ideal spectator\", and conveys to the actual spectator \"a lyrical and musical expression of his own emotions, and elevates him to the region of contemplation\". In many of these plays, the chorus expressed to the audience what the main characters could not say, such as their hidden fears or secrets. The chorus often provided other characters with the insight they needed. Some historians argue that the chorus was itself considered to be an actor. Scholars have considered Sophocles to be superior to Euripides in his choral writing. Of the two, Sophocles also won more dramatic contests.", "title": "Greek chorus" }, { "id": "20188034", "text": "December 2017. The draw for this round took place on 15 January 2018. The draw for this round took place on 12 February 2018. Match officials 2017–18 Greek Football Cup The 2017–18 Greek Cup was the 76th edition of the Greek Football Cup. A total of 33 clubs were accepted to enter. The competition commenced on September 2017 with the Preliminary Round and concluded on the 12th of May 2018 with the Final.PAOK won the competition for a second consecutive year(thus defending the title) beating AEK Athens 2-0 in the final held at Athens Olympic Stadium. The draw for this", "title": "2017–18 Greek Football Cup" }, { "id": "13472774", "text": "Corporation (ERT) announced that Yiorkas was one of six participants in a national final to select Greece's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011. Loucas placed 7th with 120 points, but on the public televote he placed 3rd with 176 points. Loukas Giorkas Loucas Yiorkas (; ; born in Larnaca, Aradippou, Cyprus, on 18 October 1986), is a Greek-Cypriot singer and model and the winner of the first season of the Greek version of the television talent series \"The X Factor\". In September 2009 he released his first EP album, \"Mazi\", which attained gold status. He studies Biology at the", "title": "Loukas Giorkas" }, { "id": "17908933", "text": "March 16, 2014 and the winner was Pantelis Kanarakis with 23 points. Kanarakis chose to give the money from the audience voting to the orphanage \"Melissa\" of Thessaloniki. The third episode aired on March 23, 2014 and the winner was Lefteris Eleftheriou with 24 points. Eleftheriou chose to give the money from the audience voting to the needy children of the municipality of Naxos and small Cyclades. After the judges and contestants' scores, Betty and Sophia V. were tied. Gagaki, who was the president of the judges for the week, chose to give the final 5 points to Sophia V.", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 2)" }, { "id": "14151850", "text": "Titos Vandis Titos Vandis (Greek: Τίτος Βανδής; 7 November 1917 – 23 February 2003) was a Greek actor who appeared in more than 100 films and television shows between 1953 and 2000. In 1962 he won the Best Actor award for the movie \"Poliorkia\" at the Thessaloniki International Film Festival. Vandis left Greece when a dictatorship took power and lived in the United States for 24 years. Vandis appeared in over 250 plays before making his Broadway debut in the Tony-nominated musical \"On A Clear Day You Can See Forever\" (1965). He created the role of Themistocles Kriakos, a Greek", "title": "Titos Vandis" }, { "id": "20076629", "text": "both situations. The \"Secret Guest\" of the evening was Katerina Stikoudi, who transformed into Natassa Bofiliou and sang En Lefko. In the semifinals, the four contestants with the highest cumulative scores from all 11 weeks were announced and were the ones to compete in the finals. The four finalists were; Giannis Chatzigeorgiou with 200 points, Isaias Matiaba with 196 points, Aris Makris with 190 points and Parthena Horozidou with 188 points. The remaining six players will perform in duets but they will not get scored. It was also the last time the judges were going to score the contestants since", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 4)" }, { "id": "14877441", "text": "good. By the liberality of expenditure (φιλοτιμία / philotimia) meets the recognition (χάρις / charis) of the city: the most lavish of liturgists were rewarded with honorific inscriptions or silver crowns with relatively low does not detract prestige they provide to their beneficiaries. For example, in Athens, trierarchs are often anxious to get a golden crowns 500, 300 and 200 drachmas for the first three trierarchs driving their vessel at the jetty. Similarly with the choregos, when the playwright who funds the choir won the competition, sharing with him the glory of his victory (he gets a prize and can", "title": "Liturgy (ancient Greece)" }, { "id": "154977", "text": "under the supervision of Ernest Hébrard. Other modern Greek architects include Anastasios Metaxas, Panagis Kalkos, Ernst Ziller, Dimitris Pikionis and Georges Candilis. Theatre in its western form was born in Greece. The city-state of Classical Athens, which became a significant cultural, political, and military power during this period, was its centre, where it was institutionalised as part of a festival called the Dionysia, which honoured the god Dionysus. Tragedy (late 6th century BC), comedy (486 BC), and the satyr play were the three dramatic genres to emerge there. During the Byzantine period, the theatrical art was heavily declined. According to", "title": "Greece" }, { "id": "19407008", "text": "with 36 points. Philippidis, who was the president of the judges for the week, chose to give the final 8 points to Apostolia and the 7 points to Josephine. After the combined final scores, two contestants had 13 points and other two had 21 points. In each tie, the one who got the highest score from the audience got the highest final place and the one with the lowest got the lowest place. The second episode aired on April 10, 2016 and the winner was Dimos with 24 points. Dimos chose to give the money from the audience voting to", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 3)" }, { "id": "13472773", "text": "Loukas Giorkas Loucas Yiorkas (; ; born in Larnaca, Aradippou, Cyprus, on 18 October 1986), is a Greek-Cypriot singer and model and the winner of the first season of the Greek version of the television talent series \"The X Factor\". In September 2009 he released his first EP album, \"Mazi\", which attained gold status. He studies Biology at the University of Patras. Giorkas represented Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 in Germany along with Stereo Mike with the song \"Watch My Dance\", placing seventh with 120 points. The path in the show: On 11 January 2011, Greece's Hellenic Broadcasting", "title": "Loukas Giorkas" }, { "id": "18481011", "text": "Ellinikós Telikós Ellinikós Telikós (Greek for \"Greek Final\") is a song contest which takes place every year in Athens, Greece. This contest decides who will represent Greece at the Eurovision Song Contest. The contest started in 1979, when Elpida took the title. Until 2001, Greece was introduced the televoting and jury to decide for the singer and for the song which will represent Greece in the Contest. Over the years, the contest takes place in various venues, from TV studios to concert halls. The most famous winners include Anna Vissi, Katy Garbi, Sakis Rouvas, Kalomira and Elena Paparizou. ERT, the", "title": "Ellinikós Telikós" }, { "id": "18481007", "text": "Ellinikós Telikós Ellinikós Telikós (Greek for \"Greek Final\") is a song contest which takes place every year in Athens, Greece. This contest decides who will represent Greece at the Eurovision Song Contest. The contest started in 1979, when Elpida took the title. Until 2001, Greece was introduced the televoting and jury to decide for the singer and for the song which will represent Greece in the Contest. Over the years, the contest takes place in various venues, from TV studios to concert halls. The most famous winners include Anna Vissi, Katy Garbi, Sakis Rouvas, Kalomira and Elena Paparizou. ERT, the", "title": "Ellinikós Telikós" }, { "id": "17908941", "text": "points to Pantelis, the 8 points to Aris, the 7 points to Costas and the 6 points to Eleftheria. After the combined final scores, two contestants had 9 points. The one who got the highest score from the audience got the highest final place out of the two. The tenth episode aired on May 16, 2014. Because of the elections, this week's episode aired on Friday and not on Sunday like every week. The winner was Costas Doxas with 24 points. Doxas chose to give the money from the audience voting to \"Chatzikiriakio foundation\" of Piraeus. After the judges and", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 2)" }, { "id": "17230492", "text": "Each contestant gives five extra points to one of the other contestants, who was their favorite of the night. The judges' score is combined with the five extra points and that final score is combined with the audience's voting to determine the winner of the night. No one will be eliminating, but the winner will be according to the total score of each live. However the winner of each live show will give the money collected during the night from the audience's voting to a charity of their choice. The host for all the seasons of the show is Maria", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek TV series)" }, { "id": "19936445", "text": "final took place at Galatsi Olympic Hall and the winner was Giannis Margaris from the team of Kostis Maraveyas. Round One Round Two Final Round The Voice of Greece (season 3) The third season of the Greek Cypriot reality talent show The Voice of Greece premiered on November 16, 2016 on Skai TV. Based on the reality singing competition \"The Voice of Holland\", the series was created by Dutch television producer John de Mol. It is part of an international series. The show is hosted by Giorgos Kapoutzidis with Elena Tsagkrinou serving as the backstage and social networking corresponding. Helena", "title": "The Voice of Greece (season 3)" }, { "id": "9940163", "text": "Stozhary Festival Stozhary is the international actors film festival which takes place in Kiev, Ukraine. The name of the festival is an Old Slavonic counterpart for the asterism of Pleiades. In the mythology of ancient Greece Pleiads were the 7 beautiful daughters of the Titan Atlas and the sea-nymph Pleione. Turned into 7 birds by Zeus they later became 7 bright stars, which formed beautiful constellation. The mysterious 7 became the code structure of the festival “Stozhary” – 7 days the festival lasts, 7 prizes the winners receive, 7 members of jury, 7 colors of rainbow which along with the", "title": "Stozhary" }, { "id": "3065946", "text": "\"Trackers\", which was found at the beginning of the 20th century on a papyrus containing three-quarters of this work. According to the Suda, Euripides wrote either 75 or 92 plays, of which survive eighteen tragedies and the only complete surviving satyr play, the \"Cyclops\". His extant works are: Greek tragedy Greek tragedy is a form of theatre from Ancient Greece and Asia Minor. It reached its most significant form in Athens in the 5th century BC, the works of which are sometimes called Attic tragedy. Greek tragedy is widely believed to be an extension of the ancient rites carried out", "title": "Greek tragedy" }, { "id": "3096640", "text": "Lila Kedrova Lila Kedrova (full name in Russian Елизавета (Лиля) Николаевна Кедрова) (9 October 1909- 16 February 2000) was a Russian-born French actress. She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for \"Zorba the Greek\" (1964), and the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical for the same role in the musical version of the film. Kedrova said she was born in 1918 in Petrograd, Russia, yet she gave her age as 24 in a passenger list for New York City in February 1935 when touring with her theatre group, which implies a year", "title": "Lila Kedrova" }, { "id": "17908940", "text": "the past in the Eurovision Song Contest, sang their entries; Sophia Vossou sang \"I Anixi\", Giannis Savvidakis sang \"Apopse As Vrethoume\" and Eleftheria Eleftheriou sang \"Aphrodisiac\". The ninth episode aired on May 11, 2014 and the winner was Giannis Savvidakis with 24 points. Savvidakis chose to give the money from the audience voting to the foundation \"Grammi Gia To Paidi\". After the judges and contestants' scores, Pantelis and Aris were tied with 29 points and Costas and Eleftheria were tied with 27 points. Malfa, who was the president of the judges for the week, chose to give the final 9", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 2)" }, { "id": "7649074", "text": "self-deprecation, and its possessor the self-deprecator\" (1108a12). In this passage, Aristotle establishes the \"eirôn\" as one of the main characters of comedy, along with the \"alazôn\". The modern term irony is derived from the \"eirôn\" of the classical Greek theatre. Irony entails opposition (not mere difference) between the actual meaning and the apparent meaning of something. Eiron In the theatre of ancient Greece, the eirôn () was one of three stock characters in comedy. The \"eirôn\" usually succeeded in bringing down his braggart opponent (the \"alazôn\") by understating his own abilities. The \"eirôn\" developed in Greek Old Comedy and can", "title": "Eiron" }, { "id": "12159832", "text": "girls.\" \"This place is called Trikorfa,\" \"this place is called Valtetsi.\"\" The Greeks achieved a decisive victory and captured two cannons and ammunition. The battle itself lasted for nearly 24 hours. The casualties were also unexpectedly heavy for the Ottoman army: 600 dead compared to the 150 dead rebels. The Battle of Valtetsi was the first decisive Greek victory in their struggle for freedom. Its effects were as follows: Kolokotronis, according to his memoirs, said to his compatriots: \"We must render up thanksgivings for this day, which should be kept holy for ever, as the day upon which our Motherland", "title": "Battle of Valtetsi" }, { "id": "14012309", "text": "fourth season. The show started on 25 March 2012. It was won by 14-year-old student Stelios Legakis (singer/guitar player). The fifth series premiered on October 1, 2017 on Skai TV. The host is Giorgos Lianos and the judges are Sakis Tanimanidis, Maria Bakodimou and Giorgos Kapoutzidis. It was won by acting group House of Drama. Each episode will feature a guest-star judge, who will have the ability to hit the golden buzzer and send the act to the semis. For the first episode, the guest-star was Greek presenter and host Fotis Sergoulopoulos, and aired on Monday, November 20th. The first", "title": "Ellada Eheis Talento" }, { "id": "19407021", "text": "since the winner is decided only by the audience. The twelfth and final live aired on June 26, 2016 and the winner of the show was Giannis Kritikos. The income from the audience voting for the final, was divided in ten equal parts and was given to all ten foundations that the contestants were representing during the twelve live shows. At the beginning of the show, Bekatorou performed the songs \"Roz Bikini\" and \"Pame Gia Trelles Stis Seychelles\" by Polina. During her performance, Polina herself joined her and continued performing together. The six contestants who did not compete in the", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 3)" }, { "id": "17230685", "text": "nodule she had the previous week. Livitsanou received the same points as the contestant who was last during the week, Konstantinos Kazakos. The tenth live of the show aired on June 19, 2013 and not on June 16, 2013 as it was scheduled due to the media strike of that day. Winner of the night was Thomai Apergi. Apergi chose to give the money from the audience voting to \"Trauma\" foundation. The eleventh live of the show aired on June 23, 2013 and the winner of the night was Thanasis Alevras for the third time on the show. Alevras chose", "title": "Your Face Sounds Familiar (Greek series 1)" }, { "id": "17147366", "text": "that at least 3.3 million viewers tuned into the show for at least one minute throughout the duration of the show. 58,146 public votes were received, of which 36,881 were via SMS voting and 21,265 via televoting. Koza Mostra & Agathonas Iakovidis were the overall winners, coming first in both the televoting and jury votes. Eurosong 2013 – a MAD show Eurosong 2013 – a MAD show is a Greek national final, held to select the Greek entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2013. ERT announced on 15 January 2013 that it had reached an agreement with private music channel", "title": "Eurosong 2013 – a MAD show" }, { "id": "1667774", "text": "the great city of Greek theatre. Theatrical performances lasted eight consecutive hours and were performed as part of a competition in which a jury proclaimed a winner. While the decor of the provisional theatres was very simple, the permanent theatrical venues of ancient Athens eventually became more sumptuous and elaborate. No matter the performance venue, plays were performed by, at most, three actors, who wore masks to identify them with the characters they portrayed; they were accompanied by a chorus who sang and danced. The dramatic poets from this era whose plays have survived are: The Golden Age featured some", "title": "Fifth-century Athens" }, { "id": "14012310", "text": "semi-final aired on Tuesday December 12th. The second semi-final is set to air on Sunday, December 17th. The fifth series premiered on September 30, 2018 on Skai TV. The host is Giorgos Lianos and the judges are Sakis Tanimanidis, Maria Bakodimou and Giorgos Kapoutzidis. It was won by acting group En Xoro. Ellada Eheis Talento Ellada Eheis Talento (; ) is a Greek reality television series and is part of the Got Talent multinational franchise. It premiered in Greece for the first time on March 23, 2007 and ended after 4 seasons on June 25, 2012 on the ANT1. On", "title": "Ellada Eheis Talento" }, { "id": "8361073", "text": "received around 73,500 votes and \"Let's Get Wild\" got around 20,500. The nine jury members gave points between 1 and 10 for the songs in a school-grade style system, giving the best song 10 points. Seven jury members voted for \"My Number One\", one gave the maximum points to \"OK\" and one voted for \"Let's Get Wild\". \"My Number One\" won with 83 points, while \"Let's Get Wild\" placed third with 48 points, and \"OK\" third with 46 points. Although \"Let's Get Wild\" received a higher score from the jury than \"OK\", it placed third when the televoting and SMS", "title": "Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005" } ]	what would the winner of the greek theater contest win
[ "season seven" ]	[ { "id": "9015646", "text": "forced to have him removed as Chief of Surgery. With mixed feelings, Derek offers him an ultimatum: go into rehab and possibly pick up where he left off after, or quit completely. In seasons three and four, Meredith and Derek's relationship becomes rocky and they each take time to date other people. Derek's plans to propose were ruined by a series of unfortunate events in season five. In the season finale, they decide to give their planned wedding to Alex and Izzie. Due to their tight schedule, they instead informally marry and Derek writes down their \"promises\" on a post-it", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "15029277", "text": "both (regardless of my lack of surprise, Justin Chambers and Katherine Heigl were both great). Chandra Wilson continued to stand tall above the rest of the cast with the Bailey scenes in both episodes, particularly her crying in front of the Chief. And Meredith and Derek getting \"married\" via Post-It note was so perfect for their characters.\" He added, \"I wish I was able to go into this one pristine, but I wasn't, and I still liked a lot of it. During those fallow periods in the middle of the last few seasons, people kept asking me why I was", "title": "Now or Never (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "9037122", "text": "is healthier than before, but still experiences snags as the two attempt to understand each other and navigate what they now look on as a permanent, long-term relationship. Meredith relies heavily on Cristina for emotional support and guidance. Eventually, Derek and Meredith decide to marry, but on their wedding day, the pair give their \"perfect\" wedding ceremony to Izzie and Alex, to marry each other during the planned ceremony instead. Meredith and Derek marry by writing their wedding vows on a post-it note. Meredith spends the majority of a season out of commission after donating part of her liver to", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "15598685", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8) The eighth season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, commenced airing on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 22, 2011, with a special two-hour episode and ended on May 17, 2012 with the eighth season having a total of 24 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company, and overseen by showrunner Shonda Rhimes. This season follows the story-line of Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) and Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) as they try to save their marriage and adopt Zola after Meredith tampered", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "id": "4811526", "text": "two were in college. Harris is fired in the fifth season, due to not actually having a medical degree, and departs the show immediately after. Meredith and Shepherd's relationship reaches a toll, and the two separate, leading Shepherd to entertaining a relationship with Rose (Lauren Stamile), a nurse. Rose appears frequently until season five, when Derek and Meredith decide to rekindle their flame. Throughout the fifth season, Stevens experiences full-out hallucinations of Duquette, signaling that she is ill, and once she is lucid, he departs, marking his final appearance. Following the announcement of her relationship with Robbins (Jessica Capshaw), Callie's", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "4811599", "text": "of the show set up a real online wedding registry to mark the wedding of Meredith Grey and Derek Shepherd. Instead of buying gifts fans were encouraged to donate money to the American Academy of Neurology Foundation. An adaptation named as \"Doktorlar\" (\"Doctors\") was aired on December 28, 2006, in a Turkish Network, Show TV, and it lasted four seasons. In 2010, \"A Corazón Abierto\", an adaptation of the series, was made by the Colombian network RCN TV. Grey's Anatomy Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on the American Broadcasting Company", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "9015651", "text": "uproot their young family. His youngest sister Amelia (Caterina Scorsone) takes over his position at Grey Sloan. Meanwhile, he and Meredith fight bitterly on and off over whether they should move. After a bad argument, he accepts the job in the heat of the moment and leaves for Washington. While there, he and Meredith talk things out over the phone and come to a mutual conclusion that they both did not want to end their marriage. He tells her that just being with her, raising their children and operating on patients was more satisfying than \"saving the world\". In season", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "15598688", "text": "Awards. James Pickens, Jr. won Outstanding Supporting Actor at the NAACP Image Awards, and Chandra Wilson and Sandra Oh both received nominations for Outstanding Actress in a Drama. Stacy McKee was nominated for Humanitas Prize for writing \"White Wedding\". Sara Ramirez was nominated at the 13th ALMA Awards for Favorite TV Supporting Actress. For the 38th People's Choice Awards, the show was nominated for Favorite TV Drama, and Ellen Pompeo and Patrick Dempsey were respectively nominated for Favorite TV Drama Actress and Favorite TV Drama actor. In season 8, Meredith and Derek try to save their marriage after the fallout", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "id": "18022138", "text": "all. With her son as her maid of honor, the two tie the knot in the hospital’s chapel. Their reception is held at Derek and Meredith house, where Meredith says she’s glad this will be her last memory of the place before she moves back into her old house; Derek always wanted his home to be filled with loud, happy people. On August 13, 2013, Sandra Oh revealed that she would be leaving after Season 10 of \"Grey's Anatomy\", making the eleventh season the first season in which Dr. Cristina Yang did not appear. It was announced on March 25,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "9037125", "text": "wife, Adele, is diagnosed with Alzheimer's, she receives a spot on the trial. Meredith tampers with the drugs so that Adele does not receive the placebo. She and Derek decide to adopt Zola, an orphaned baby from Malawi, and make their marriage legal. When the truth about the tampering comes out, however, a furious Derek tells her he cannot raise a child with her because of her moral ambiguity. Meredith is fired, and tries to conceal both this and her marital separation from the adoption counselor in order to keep Zola. Although Dr. Webber steps down as chief of surgery", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "18022125", "text": "death of Derek who is involved in a car accident in \"How to Save a Life.\" Other story-arcs include Amelia Shepherd (Caterina Scorsone) moving to Seattle, learning the ropes at Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital, Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) and Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) try to save their marriage by going to marriage counseling, April Kepner (Sarah Drew) and Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams) end up having a boy, named Samuel, who dies moments after birth having been diagnosed to have Osteogenesis imperfecta, a lethal birth defect. The season also focuses on the deepening friendship between Meredith and Alex Karev (Justin Chambers)", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "18761837", "text": "fellows, and attendings as they experience the difficulties of the competitive careers they have chosen. It is set in the surgical wing of the fictional Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital, located in Seattle, Washington. The season takes place three months after the events of the last season finale in which Richard and Catherine got married. April and Jackson's relationship has hit the rocks after April has resumed her work overseas in Jordan, leaving Jackson high and dry once again. Once the new intern year begins, Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) starts teaching the new interns an anatomy class. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson)", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 12)" }, { "id": "19523330", "text": "beats Andrew to a pulp, sending him to the hospital and subsequently landing Alex in jail. Alex is charged with a felony and is at risk of serving substantial jail time until Andrew drops the charges. Later, when Alex questions why Jo had turned down his proposal, she reveals that she is already married and has run away from her abusive husband. Meanwhile, Nathan Riggs (Martin Henderson) continues to pursue Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) after their recent sexual encounter, though Meredith has trouble letting go of her late husband, Derek Shepherd. Maggie Pierce (Kelly McCreary) admits to Meredith that she", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13)" }, { "id": "7311006", "text": "with whom he had a sexual relationship, is pregnant with his child. Patrick Dempsey portrayed attending neurosurgeon Derek Shepherd, whose relationship with intern Meredith Grey has been the focal point of the series since its inception. Although originally conceived as a guest star with a five-episode story arc, Kate Walsh decided to extend her contract following positive reviews from critics and fans, resulting in her getting promoted to series regular status. Being the first addition to the original cast from the first season, Walsh began receiving star billing in the seventh episode of the season, portraying obstetrician-gynaecologist and world-class neonatal", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 2)" }, { "id": "9037152", "text": "little package. Referring to Grey's tampering with Shepherd's trial, Pompeo said: \"Listen, what Meredith did clearly crossed a line. Derek has a right to be pissed.\" Following the tampering, Rhimes said she believes that Grey and Shepherd are meant to be together and that it in the end, they will end up with each other. Grey's relationship with Cristina Yang, has been looked upon as \"sisterhood\", and Yang has repeatedly referred to Grey as \"her person\". This led to the two being dubbed \"the twisted sisters\". At the conclusion of season three, the duo went on a \"honeymoon\" together, and", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "20161234", "text": "struggles to find an available cardio surgeon until Teddy unexpectedly arrives looking for a job. Jo learns she has been accepted into Mass Gen's fellowship program, but fearful of losing Alex, Meredith offers Jo the general surgery attending position. The wedding is delayed when the wedding planner goes into anaphylactic shock and an emergency tracheotomy is performed to save her. After the guests leave thinking there will be no wedding, the pastor finally arrives in time to marry April and Matthew after a surprise re-engagement. On a ferry back to the main land, Maggie has the idea to have Meredith", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14)" }, { "id": "20727481", "text": "married right then and there. Due to his significance to her, April asks Jackson to stay for the wedding. Arizona walks her down the aisle and the couple gets married in an intimate and Christian ceremony. With her new husband and new job providing healthcare to homeless communities in Seattle, April is ready to start a brand new chapter in her life. During the ceremony, Arizona receives a text from Callie, who can't wait to be reunited. Arizona smiles at the prospect. Meanwhile, on the ferry back to the city, Meredith becomes ordained and officiates the wedding between Jo and", "title": "All of Me (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18022137", "text": "sharing a place, so she buys a fixer-upper for only the two of them. Dr. Richard Webber (James Pickens, Jr.) and Dr. Catherine Avery (Debbie Allen) continue their on-again, off-again relationship. With differing opinions on how to be in a relationship, how to run the hospital, and who should be in charge, the two call off their wedding. However, Meredith intervenes and tells them that they are both lucky to still be alive and to cherish the fact that they can still talk to each other. Dr. Webber and Avery work out their differences and decide to get married after", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "14638499", "text": "made public when the two are involved in a car accident, where April almost dies of hypothermia. In the season finale, April and Matthew get married. Drew was cast in late September 2009 and first appeared on the show in the fifth episode of the sixth season as one of the residents from the Mercy West Hospital after its merger with Seattle Grace. Drew was brought aboard \"Grey's Anatomy\" after former collaborations with the Series' producer and creator Shonda Rhimes; she was formally featured as a guest in two episodes of \"Private Practice\" in 2008 and was one of the", "title": "April Kepner" }, { "id": "9015650", "text": "sister, agrees to donate a nerve and the surgery is a success. Derek and Meredith's marriage is strained after he accepted an invitation from the President to participate in the Brain-Mapping Initiative. He went back on his promise to her that he would not add to his current workload in order to devote time to their two young children and allow her the chance to establish her career as a full-fledged attending. Eventually he was offered a position at the National Institutes of Health in Washington, D.C., but Meredith puts her foot down and refuses to leave her hometown and", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "9015647", "text": "note. They legalize their marriage in season seven in order to adopt Zola, a young African orphan treated for spina bifida. They briefly separate after Meredith tampers with their Alzheimer's trial, jeopardizing her career and tarnishing Derek's reputation. Zola is taken away from Meredith after a social worker finds out she and Derek are living separately. In later seasons, Derek often griped about how his subsequent interns and residents – mainly Lexie Grey, Shane Ross and Heather Brooks – did not quite measure up to Meredith. The social worker comes back and announces they are the official parents of Zola.", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "18846348", "text": "Only Mama Knows (Grey's Anatomy) \"Only Mama Knows\" is the fourth episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 224th episode overall. It aired on October 16, 2014 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Mark Driscoll and directed by Nicole Rubio. The episode focuses on the show's protagonist Meredith Grey's (Ellen Pompeo) past and troubled childhood and her relationship with her mother world-renowned surgeon Ellis Grey (Kate Burton) and Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) while she struggles in her marriage with Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey). On its", "title": "Only Mama Knows (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "15025759", "text": "go well: they went to an expensive restaurant that she couldn't afford because she has been disowned by her father and now she is broke. Arizona tells her they will stay in to eat and they reconcile. Meredith tells Bailey and Derek's idea to Izzie: they give her their wedding. Yang becomes the maid of honor and Meredith serves as Alex's best man. Back at the hospital, Izzie is sad about her hair loss but Alex tells her she doesn't need it to be beautiful. The episode concludes with Izzie having shaved her head and telling Denny to leave as", "title": "What a Difference a Day Makes (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "14987085", "text": "Seattle. Following the end of \"Private Practice\", when ABC cancelled it after six seasons in January 2013, the character of Amelia was added to its progenitor show \"Grey's Anatomy\". In Season 10, she was seen in the season's last four episodes visiting her brother Derek and his wife Meredith Grey in their Seattle home and helping care for their children. Previously, she had only made one-off guest appearances on the show when storylines crossed over between the two series. On June 23, 2014, Scorsone and her character was permanently added to the regular cast for Season 11, which began airing", "title": "Amelia Shepherd" }, { "id": "15029264", "text": "have decided not to wait any longer to get married and just go to City Hall that evening, but later realize that there's just no time. Instead, Derek writes their vows down on a post-it note that they both sign and then stick in their locker. Meanwhile, a man is brought in who pushed a woman out of the way of a bus and was subsequently run over by the bus and dragged half a block. The girl he saved keeps checking on him and calling him \"her hero\" and \"Prince Charming\" and similar names. Every time Meredith is talking", "title": "Now or Never (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "14569061", "text": "(Sandra Oh) was the most affected by the shooting, quitting her job. Cristina and Owen later marry with \"her person\", the show's protagonist Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), as her maid of honor. Meredith and Derek start an Alzheimer trial, with Meredith suspecting that Richard Webber's (James Pickens, Jr.) wife Adele (Loretta Devine) may have Alzheimer's. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) leaves for Africa after getting a grant leaving Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) despondent. She sleeps with Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) and becomes pregnant by chance. Arizona returns, confessing her love for Callie. Meredith messes up the trial for the sake of", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 7)" }, { "id": "9037139", "text": "she is violently attacked by a disoriented patient, and she supports him through his legal difficulties. Alex initiates a weekly family waffle day where he makes waffles for everyone in the house. Meredith recovers enough to start seeing Nathan Riggs, Owen Hunt's former best friend, by season 13, although their relationship is complicated by the fact that Maggie confesses to Meredith that she has feelings for Riggs and Meredith is not ready to declare their relationship formally or publicly. Eventually she accepts her relationship with Riggs, but it's complicated by the unexpected return of Owen's sister, Megan Hunt, Riggs' fiancée.", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "14569064", "text": "the season Cristina and Owen marry, while Callie and Arizona's relationship takes a turn for the worse when Arizona goes to Africa after getting the Carder Madison Grant. With Callie distraught after the breakup, she sleeps with Mark. She learns she is pregnant just before Arizona returns, confessing her love for Callie. The season also focuses on Meredith and Derek starting an Alzheimer trial, with Meredith suspecting that Adele may have Alzheimer's. Richard originally resists accepting that, but then pushes to have Adele admitted to their trial. Season Seven features the series first extended musical episode. Callie and Arizona are", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 7)" }, { "id": "9015653", "text": "he takes too long to arrive and Derek is declared brain dead. Police arrive at Meredith's door and take her to see Derek, where she consents to removing him from life support. At the time of his death, Meredith was pregnant with their third child. She gives birth to a daughter whom she names Ellis after her mother. Derek was mentioned or referenced to a number of times in season 12 as the other characters struggle to cope with his sudden death. In the episode \"My Next Life\", Meredith had a flashback of their first ever surgery together when a", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "15025764", "text": "out Chandra Wilson as \"the best actor in the ensemble, Sepinwall liked Justin Chambers' acting, \"because of how far Karev has come, Chambers' big moments always feel more surprising, and powerful.\" He also appreciated \"all the action in the pit.\" \"Entertainment Weekly\" listed Alex's speech to Izzie in their \"25 Great 'I Love You's\". The \"Los Angeles Times\" writer Shawna Malcolm wasn't shocked that Izzie and Alex married instead of Meredith and Derek as she had already elaborated that hypothesis weeks prior to the episode's broadcast. She underlined Heigl and Chambers' performances, saying: \"it was next to impossible not to", "title": "What a Difference a Day Makes (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "15029275", "text": "episode fades to black, the two of them are meeting — in an elevator, natch — with Izzie in her pink prom dress and George in his army uniform, while back on earth, their colleagues try furiously to save them. I suppose those of us who wanted answers about whether Katherine Heigl and T.R. Knight are leaving are out of luck — but wow, what an ending.\" Speaking of Meredith and Derek's wedding the site wrote, \"I'm curious to know how the hardcore Mer-Der fans take this, but I thought the whole act was touching (not to mention their actual", "title": "Now or Never (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "9037116", "text": "trust her. Her surgical skills are solidly impressive and she shows a talent and patience for medical research trials and dealing with psychologically damaged patients. Meredith resists Derek's advances throughout her internship, but is eventually charmed into starting a relationship with him despite misgivings about an intern dating an attending. She is, therefore, shocked by the arrival of Addison Montgomery (Kate Walsh), Derek's wife, unaware that he was married. Derek struggles to choose between the two, but ultimately returns to Addison, despite Meredith begging to be chosen instead. Meredith is devastated and turns to multiple, self-destructive means of coping. Initially", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "9169654", "text": "rest of the season that he's gay, which almost everyone eventually notices. Angela remains oblivious however. In the season 7 finale, he proposes to her and they're officially engaged (marking her second engagement on the show). It was confirmed by Angela Kinsey at the NBC Press Tour that she and Robert will have gotten married over the summer. In the season 8 premiere, it is revealed that Angela and Robert are married and she is pregnant. Angela tends to be somewhat abrasive towards other office workers, often outright insulting them. In the season 3 premiere, she expresses an open homophobia", "title": "Angela Martin" }, { "id": "7310981", "text": "a detailed perspective on the personal background of each character, focusing on the consequences that their decisions have on their careers. Throughout the season, new story lines were introduced, including the love triangle between Meredith Grey, Derek Shepherd, and Addison Montgomery, the main arc of the season. Also heavily developed was the story line involving Izzie Stevens' relationship with patient Denny Duquette, which resulted in critical acclaim and positive fan response. The season kept its original airtime from the previous season, taking over \"Boston Legal\" time slot at 10:00 pm on Sundays, while airing as a lead-out to the already", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 2)" }, { "id": "15021571", "text": "right now.\" About the proposal he gave a positive review as well saying, \"I thought Derek's proposal -- and Meredith's behavior in response to his earlier attempts -- was very grown-up and sweet, and reflected a relationship that's grown to be about more than the stupid will-they-or-won't-they drama. And the moment when Derek finally came out of his stupor and started telling off the oncologist was well-played by Patrick Dempsey, who's been doing some nice work.\" Justin Chambers also received praise from Sepinwall, \"Every time I watch Justin Chambers get a showcase episode like this, I think about how lucky", "title": "Elevator Love Letter (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "18022139", "text": "2014 that Gaius Charles and Tessa Ferrer did not receive a contract renewal for the eleventh season, and left at the end of the tenth season. Jerrika Hinton and Camilla Luddington however, returned as residents for the eleventh season. On January 23, 2014 it was reported that Ellen Pompeo and Patrick Dempsey had renewed their contracts for another two seasons, as Drs. Meredith Grey and Derek Shepherd, respectively, meaning their characters would be staying on the medical drama for seasons 11 and 12. On May 2, 2014, the rest of the six original cast mates, Justin Chambers, Chandra Wilson and", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "15025762", "text": "Standing at the altar and saying those vows like a man. (...) He's become a man who can step up. And I love him for it.\" To promote the episode, a special website for Meredith and Derek's wedding was created, supposedly created and updated by Izzie. The website provided details on the event and an invitation to RSVP. Rhimes wanted it to \"feel like a real wedding website\", even though it was for fictional characters. She had the idea during the shooting. \"What a Difference a Day Makes\" was originally broadcast on May 7, 2009 in the United States on", "title": "What a Difference a Day Makes (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "17314135", "text": "options picked up for Season 11, meaning that Season 10 would be their last season as regulars on the show. On January 23, 2014, it was announced that Ellen Pompeo and Patrick Dempsey had renewed their contracts for another two seasons, as Meredith Grey and Derek Shepherd respectively, meaning their characters will be staying on the medical drama for seasons 11 and 12. On May 2, 2014, it was announced that the rest of the six original castmates, Justin Chambers, Chandra Wilson, and James Pickens Jr., excluding Sandra Oh, had renewed their contracts for another two seasons (11 and 12).", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 10)" }, { "id": "16258446", "text": "G.G. (Gossip Girl) \"G.G.\" is the thirteenth episode of the fifth season of the American television teen drama, \"Gossip Girl\" and the show's 100th episode overall. The episode was written by executive producer Joshua Safran and directed by Mark Piznarski. It premiered on The CW Television Network (The CW) in the United States on January 30, 2012. In the episode, the wedding of Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) to Prince Louis Grimaldi (Hugo Becker) takes place. The episode opened to favorable reviews, with television critics praising the fact it honored the series' successful days. Michelle Trachtenberg's performance as Georgina Sparks was", "title": "G.G. (Gossip Girl)" }, { "id": "10235326", "text": "If Tomorrow Never Comes (Grey's Anatomy) \"If Tomorrow Never Comes\" is the sixth episode of the first season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", which first aired on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on Sunday May 1, 2005. The episode was written by Krista Vernoff and was directed by Scott Brazil. The interns are speechless when a woman comes in with a large, record-breaking tumor, but unfortunately for the woman, her outlook isn't good. Derek and Meredith's jobs are at risk now that Bailey knows about their relationship, and Dr. Bailey makes it clear that Derek better not give", "title": "If Tomorrow Never Comes (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "14418211", "text": "was described by Buchman as having \"no more taboos\", compared to the other story lines developed in the episode: \"Even though it was a minor fight, it's very revealing for Meredith. This is probably the longest relationship she's every been in, and the first with someone she feels a genuine connection with. We might know Derek will come back, but she doesn't.\" The last scene of them in the episode has been deemed \"a milestone of sorts for Meredith\", with the goal to determine her to admit how new to this romantic development in her personal life she actually is,", "title": "Great Expectations (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "4811513", "text": "love interest. During the fifth season, Hahn departs from the series, and O'Malley retakes his intern exam, passing, joining his fellow physicians as a resident. Two new characters are introduced, former United States Army trauma surgeon Dr. Owen Hunt, and pediatric surgeon Dr. Arizona Robbins. Hunt becomes a love-interest for Yang, while Robbins becomes a love-interest for Torres. When Stevens is diagnosed with stage four metastatic melanoma, she and Karev get married at the conclusion of the fifth season. In addition, Meredith and Shepherd marry, with their vows written on a blue post-it note. O'Malley dies in the premiere of", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "9037118", "text": "chest by impulsively inserting her hand to hold it until the bomb squad can remove it. Meredith has a series of one-night stands, including one with George, who is in love with her. When she cries in the middle of their encounter, their friendship temporarily ends. Meredith swears off her behavior, agrees to be friends only with Shepherd and embarks on a relationship with veterinarian Finn Dandridge (Chris O'Donnell). Derek regrets his decision to return to his wife, and Meredith must decide whether to continue a relationship with Finn, or allow Derek a second chance. When Ellis experiences a rare,", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "8397451", "text": "depression and giving Derek a season's worth of reconsidering to do\". Monfette criticized the romantic development of the characters throughout the season, by describing Cristina and Burke's relationship as an excuse for the possibility of a wedding for Meredith, whereas Burke's unfair behavior towards Cristina is thought to be manipulative, exposing her to his overly romantic notion of an ideal ceremony. The way the doubts regarding the success of their relationship were resolved in the season finale was described as \"most obvious and least compelling.\" \"IGN Entertainment\" was also critical of Alex Karev's storyline, who is seen falling for a", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 3)" }, { "id": "4811515", "text": "Cardiothoracic Surgery. In the season six finale, a deceased patient's grieving husband embarks on a shooting spree at the hospital, injuring Karev, Shepherd, and Hunt, and killing residents Charles Percy and Reed Adamson. In the shooting's emotional reverberations, Hunt and Yang abruptly marry, not wanting to risk separation. Torres and Robbins eventually wed, officiated by Bailey. In season eight, Webber steps down and allocates his job to Hunt. As the final year of residency for Meredith, Yang, Karev, Avery, and Kepner is coming to a close, the doctors are all planning to relocate to different hospitals to pursue their specialty", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "14594217", "text": "season opened to a 1.1 Adults 18–49 rating and 2.14 million viewers. The thirteenth episode of the season, \"The Other Half of Me\" which saw Brooke getting married achieved season highs in all categories with a 1.2 Adults 18–49 rating, a 2.4 in Women 18–34 and 2.42 million viewers making it the most watched episode since December 2009. The season averaged 1.8 million viewers. It was released on DVD in the UK on October 29, 2011. Brooke and Julian are engaged but she has to deal with financial problems at Clothes Over Bros, thanks to Victoria. Nathan makes a huge", "title": "One Tree Hill (season 8)" }, { "id": "7311022", "text": "the ratings, the timeslots and the really great audience meant that they have to end the season with that episode, and the cliffhanger with the coming of Derek's estranged wife fit perfectly. The season received positive critics and reception, and this season performed better than the previous one. Due to the success of the first season, \"Grey's Anatomy\" took over the Sunday night timeslot along with \"Desperate Housewives\", replacing \"Boston Legal\". The second season averaged 21.07 million viewers, making it the highest-rated season of the series to date. It was ranked the fifth in the 2005-2006 television season. The season", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 2)" }, { "id": "18769604", "text": "Time Stops \"Time Stops\" is the 24th episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the 244th episode overall. It aired on May 7, 2015 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Meg Marinis and directed by Kevin McKidd. On its initial airing it was watched by 7.74 million viewers. In the episode a fresh batch of surgical interns join the hospital's internship program. It's the wedding day of Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) and Catherine Avery. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) declares that he’s been Chief long enough. Richard recommends", "title": "Time Stops" }, { "id": "4811529", "text": "the couple endeavors to raise their new daughter, Sofia Robbin Sloan Torres, with the help of Dr. Sloan. Shepherd and Meredith also become new parents, with their adoption of Zola, a baby girl from Malawi. Conceived as a patient with a tumor condition who later develops diabetes, Henry Burton (Scott Foley) befriends Dr. Altman and eventually joins her in marriage only to get treated using her medical insurance, until he dies while undergoing heart surgery. In the season nine premiere, interns Dr. Jo Wilson (Camilla Luddington), Dr. Heather Brooks (Tina Majorino), Dr. Shane Ross (Gaius Charles), Dr. Stephanie Edwards (Jerrika", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "9037162", "text": "journey and did more than just growing up, she finally became \"all whole and healed\".\" Maura O'Malley of \"Bustle\" also lauded the development of the character ahead of season 12 saying, \"When the series began, Meredith was just a girl sitting in a bar celebrating the exciting next phase of her life. She had graduated medical school, she was starting her residency at a prestigious hospital, and she was simply looking for a no-strings attached, one night stand. What she got instead was a complicated romantic relationship that rivals Romeo and Juliet — but the key is, she wasn't searching", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "9169894", "text": "In the season 3 premiere, she is caught eating Angela Martin's alcohol-based hand sanitizer, and her excitement over merger-day champagne was quickly quashed by Michael who says the beverages are for \"guests only.\" In the producer's cut of \"Branch Closing\", she recalls a past agreement with a coworker to have sex together on the last day of work, but can't remember who she made the deal with. During a deleted scene from \"Back from Vacation,\" Meredith implies that her tendency to sleep around was worth it because she's \"seen the world.\" She joins Pam and Karen's party in \"A Benihana", "title": "Meredith Palmer" }, { "id": "8397425", "text": "husband Derek Shepherd's desire to divorce, while dealing with the arrival of her former lover. Isaiah Washington played the role of attending physician and cardiothoracic surgeon, Preston Burke, who becomes engaged to intern Cristina Yang after their developing a relationship. Patrick Dempsey portrayed attending neurosurgeon Derek Shepherd, whose relationship with intern Meredith Grey has been the focal point of the series since its inception. Sara Ramirez began receiving star billing in the season premiere, after numerous appearances during the last episodes of the second season. She portrayed orthopedic surgeon and fifth-year resident, Calliope \"Callie\" Torres, whose relationship with intern George", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 3)" }, { "id": "16531020", "text": "starts dating intern Stephanie Edwards (Jerrika Hinton), while Kepner starts dating a paramedic named Matthew (Justin Bruening). In May 2012, it was announced that six original cast mates, Ellen Pompeo, Patrick Dempsey, Sandra Oh, Chandra Wilson, Justin Chambers, and James Pickens, Jr. had renewed their contracts for another two seasons, as Meredith Grey, Derek Shepherd, Cristina Yang, Miranda Bailey, Alex Karev, and Richard Webber respectively. In July 2012, it was announced that cast member Eric Dane would not be returning to \"Grey's Anatomy\" as a series regular, and would leave after two episodes to give his character a proper ending.", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "id": "9015643", "text": "Carolyn approved as she felt Meredith's gray perspective of life complemented Derek's tendency to see everything in black and white. Derek's background was generally a mystery for the first season and source of speculation amongst his colleagues due to his sudden departure from an established and highly respected practice in New York. In the season one finale, his past eventually catches up with him when his estranged wife Addison moves to Seattle and is offered a position by Dr. Webber. Shortly thereafter, his childhood best friend Mark joins Seattle Grace as the new head of plastic surgery. Derek and Addison", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "20727477", "text": "All of Me (Grey's Anatomy) \"All of Me\" is the twenty-fourth episode, serving as the season finale of the fourteenth season of the American medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the 317th overall episode, which aired on ABC on May 17, 2018. The episode was written by Krista Vernoff and directed by Debbie Allen. The wedding between Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) and Jo Wilson (Camilla Luddington) takes place, and things go awry. Meanwhile, the stress from the past year has taken a toll on Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson), and she re-evaluates some of her decisions. This episode marked the", "title": "All of Me (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "9037133", "text": "Alex in charge of being Meredith's \"person\" in her place, an honor he gladly accepts. Meredith and Derek's marriage becomes strained when Derek goes against his promise and accepts an offer from the U.S. President to participate in the Brain Mapping Initiative, which consumes his time and eclipses Meredith, who is feeling increasingly left behind and mommy-tracked. He receives an offer to head the project itself in Washington D.C., meaning that he would have to be based there permanently. Meredith puts her foot down as she does not want to uproot their young family to move across the country for", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "20161221", "text": "contest. Now that Megan is healthy again, Meredith and Nathan work together to bring her son over to the United States. Upon arrival, Nathan, Megan, and Farouk all move to California to start a life together, which officially ends Nathan's relationship with Meredith. Despite the breakup, Meredith has more exciting news on the horizon when she learns at the intern mixer that a ground breaking surgery has earned her a nomination for the highly-esteemed Harper Avery Foundation Award, which she goes on to win. While the joyous news spreads around the hospital, Bailey learns that Ben Warren (Jason George) wants", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14)" }, { "id": "19535010", "text": "impact of their custody arrangement. Meanwhile, Ben Warren (Jason George) performs an emergency C-section on April Kepner (Sarah Drew) at Meredith's house. On Owen and Amelia’s wedding day, Amelia has doubts about the marriage after Meredith talks to Owen about Cristina. Meredith confides with Amelia, leading them to run away with Maggie. April is serving as Owen’s best man, but when she forgets the ring, she and Ben run back to Meredith’s house to get it. As her contractions get closer together, Ben must step up and deliver the baby with an emergency C-section. Alex and Jo fight over Jo", "title": "Family Affair (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "9015638", "text": "Derek Shepherd Derek Christopher Shepherd, M.D., also referred to as \"McDreamy\", is a fictional surgeon from the ABC medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", portrayed by actor Patrick Dempsey. He made his first appearance in the pilot episode, \"A Hard Day's Night\", which was broadcast on March 27, 2005. Derek was married to Addison Montgomery (Kate Walsh) for 12 years, before their divorce in 2006. Before his death in 2015, Derek was happily married to his longtime girlfriend and wife Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo). The couple have three children together. Shepherd was formerly the Chief of Surgery at Seattle Grace Mercy West", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "9015644", "text": "attempt to repair their marriage but attempts were futile. Since their divorce they have remained on amicable terms, with Addison even admonishing Meredith for breaking up with Derek in season three. In the \"Private Practice\" episode \"Ex-Life\" Derek finally tells Addison that his mother never liked her in the first place. He admits to Meredith that Addison cheating on him with Mark was partly his fault as an absentee husband. Addison eventually leaves Seattle for a private practice in Los Angeles, spawning the spin-off \"Private Practice\". In the season eight episode \"If/Then\", Meredith dreams of an alternate universe where her", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "9037150", "text": "Meredith and Derek shared, as a metaphor of their relationship during the second season. She characterizes Grey as doing what she thinks is right: The character had a one-night stand with George O'Malley, in the second season. Series writer Stacy McKee, said of the sexual encounter: \"There’s no turning back. There’s nothing George and Meredith can do. The damage is done – things will never be the same. They’ve just changed something important in their lives FOREVER and…they are freaking out.\" Grey's character development has also been known as an influence on the creation of her half-sister, Lexie Grey. Particularly,", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "19523332", "text": "hires Eliza Minnick (Marika Domińczyk) to run the training aspect of the hospital. Though Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) goes on to date Minnick, the rest of the staff widely opposes Minnick's teaching techniques and works to get her fired, only for Meredith to get temporarily suspended in the process. Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) and Catherine Avery (Debbie Allen) argue over Minnick's presence as well, making their marriage more divided than ever. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) and Amelia Shepherd (Caterina Scorsone) also have marital issues after Amelia reveals that she doesn't want to have kids. This causes Amelia to move", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13)" }, { "id": "9037140", "text": "Meredith finds herself in another love triangle when Megan rejects Riggs because he is still in love with Meredith, but Meredith pushes them to be together. After her relationship with Riggs ends, Meredith is nominated for a Harper Avery Award for her groundbreaking surgery on Megan. In the 300th episode, after failing to attend the awards ceremony to stay for a medical trauma, post-surgery, Meredith learns with all her closest friends in the OR and gallery that she has won the Harper Avery Award. In season 14 Meredith is doing surgery to remove a women’s spleen when the computers and", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "9037159", "text": "total channel changer. The will-they-or-won't-they plot doesn't work because they've already been in and out of that relationship too many times. Meredith is a nag and McDreamy is henpecked.\" On a more positive note, her relationship with Shepherd was included in AOL TV's list of the \"Best TV Couples of All Time\" and in the same list by \"TV Guide\". During the sixth season the development of the character was praised, Glenn Diaz of \"BuddyTV\" commented that \"You gotta love Mer when she's gloomy.\", in addition to praising Pompeo's performance. In her review of the episode Tainted Obligation she wrote", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "18022135", "text": "without her. He says that he’s only going back to Washington, D.C. once more to tell them he’s quitting and moving back to Seattle. However, on his way to the airport, he’s severely injured in a car crash. He’s rushed to a hospital, but they aren’t trauma certified. Derek is eventually declared brain-dead after the neurosurgeon arrives too late. Not able to feel at home without her husband, Meredith takes off leaving only a note that she and her kids are safe. A year passes, and no one has heard from her. It turns out that she was pregnant with", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "16714999", "text": "gave a positive review of the episode, calling it an \"emotional buildup\", and writing overall: \"Even Grey's Anatomy itself knew it had reclaimed its name with this one.\" Michael Pascua of \"The Huffington Post\" was also positive of the episode, saying that it \"show[ed] that \"Grey's\" can be strong without having a Grey sister (or Izzie) involved.\" Steve Marsi of \"TV Fanatic\" also enjoyed the episode, noting that the lack of Meredith and Derek's relationship was not a problem, and enjoying Torres and Robbins', writing: \"They're just a great, believable and enjoyable couple to watch on screen.\" Invest in Love", "title": "Invest in Love" }, { "id": "15598687", "text": "tell Owen about Meredith altering the Alzheimer's trial, and becomes an outcast by the other residents. Teddy Altman (Kim Raver) marries Henry Burton (Scott Foley), who later dies of a heart condition, leaving her devastated. The season hit the series' low for ratings as it ended with an average of 10.92 million viewers ranking at no. 34 and in the 18-49 key demographic ranked at no. 12. Loretta Devine garnered critical acclaim for her portrayal of Adele Webber and earned numerous nominations including the Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series and the Critics' Choice Television", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "id": "17314119", "text": "and painful to a place of real friendship. April Kepner (Sarah Drew) and Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams) elope during Kepner and paramedic Matthew's (Justin Bruening) wedding. Yang takes off to Switzerland for a job offer to take over Preston Burke's (Isaiah Washington) hospital because he wants to step down and move his family. She bids her farewell to her colleagues of the last seven years, including Hunt and dances it out with Meredith one last time to an old favorite song. The season, garnered 12.12 million viewers average viewers and was ranked 15th overall in total viewers which is eleven", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 10)" }, { "id": "14987088", "text": "and reaches out to Meredith. Meredith's half sister Maggie moves in, with Amelia labeling the threesome \"Lady Chief Trifecta.\" She gradually befriends Meredith's colleagues and is accepted into their circle. At the end of season 12, she marries Owen Hunt. However, the marriage is very turbulent at times. They struggle to adjust to married life, especially when Owen tells her that he wants kids as she does not want kids, nor does she want to go through the trauma of another pregnancy after the loss of her first child (who Owen doesn't know about). This strains the marriage to the", "title": "Amelia Shepherd" }, { "id": "4811534", "text": "eleven is Dr. Nicole Herman (Geena Davis), who is Chief of Fetal Surgery at Grey Sloan Memorial. Dr. Herman selects Arizona Robbins in a fetal surgery fellowship and becomes her mentor. Herman plays in a twelve-episode arc before departing after episode fourteen. Season 11 begins with new surgical residents coming to the hospital. Maggie Pierce is head of cardio, and she and her half-sister Meredith start to build a relationship, as she also does with her father Dr. Webber. Callie and Arizona's relationship falls through after they realized they want different things. April and Jackson learn that their baby has", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "10185559", "text": "surgeons at the centre of Grey’s exasperate more than reward.\" As for the storylines, Foley stated that they didn't \"ring true\" and that \"the plot devices became increasingly clunky\", noting the lack of realism in arcs such as George and Callie's marriage and the Izzie's affair \"as a means of ripping it apart\". Florrey also commented on Meredith Grey's arc, by stating that she turned into \"one of the most selfish, self-centered characters on television\", whereas Mark Sloan's storyline was named \"sex-obsessed, borderline misogynistic and close to scandalous\". Daniel Fienberg of \"Zap2It\" said \"One of the season's best performances came", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 4)" }, { "id": "20161227", "text": "meet her friends. However, it is soon revealed that her boyfriend is a married man. Quick to call it off, Jackson sees his opportunity to invest in his love interest with Maggie. In Meredith's search for answers, she learns that Ellis Grey left Marie’s name off the surgical method they created together. If she is to acquire the patent, she must publicly announce a change the method’s name to the Grey-Cerone Method. Meredith denies the ultimatum. While Maggie and Jackson try to get past the quirks of their relationship and the fact that their step-siblings, Jo shockingly asks Alex to", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14)" }, { "id": "15598696", "text": "Mayo Clinic, and Derek has been offered an endowment and an opportunity to continue Alzheimer's research at Harvard, which sways Meredith's decision to accept an elite fellowship at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. In the finale, Meredith, Cristina, Derek, Lexie, Arizona, and Mark board a small plane to fly to Boise, Idaho to perform a surgery separating conjoined twins. Alex was meant to be on the plane, but Arizona, furious at his decision to turn down the Seattle Grace pediatrics fellowship in favor of Johns Hopkins, Arizona boots him from the plane and takes his place. En route, the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "id": "14594228", "text": "Tree Hill, leaving Brooke and Jamie's life in danger. The season opened to a 1.1 adults 18–49 rating and 2.14 million viewers. The thirteenth episode of the season, \"The Other Half of Me\" which saw Brooke get married achieved season highs in all categories with a 1.2 adults 18–49 rating, a 2.4 in women 18–34 and 2.42 million viewers making it the most watched episode since December, 2009. The twentieth episode of the season hit series lows in viewers (1.24m) and in Adults 18–49 (0.6). The season averaged 1.76 million live viewers and a 0.9 rating in adults 18–49. With", "title": "One Tree Hill (season 8)" }, { "id": "3140139", "text": "I mean love. She couldn't be a more wonderful person, and I feel like the chemistry Arizona and Callie have feels like the Meredith and Derek chemistry to me. I find them delightful to watch.\" Initial media reaction to the character was positive. Matt Mitovich of \"TV Guide\" described her as a \"fan favorite\", and Chris Monfette for IGN praised the addition of \"fresh, new characters\", such as Robbins over the course of the season. In March 2018, Capshaw was let go from \"Grey’s Anatomy\", with the producers citing creative reasons. Capshaw married Christopher Gavigan on May 22, 2004, at", "title": "Jessica Capshaw" }, { "id": "15025756", "text": "garnered a 5.3/14 Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic. The episode opens to a voice-over by Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl). She is excited about the wedding of Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) and Dr. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), which she prepared and will take place at the end of the day. Stevens, who has been diagnosed with stage IV metastatic cancer in her brain and liver, has just undergone a surgery to remove a tumor. She however has hallucinations of Denny Duquette (Jeffrey Dean Morgan), her former deceased fiancé, which she knows means she has another tumor. Meanwhile, Dr. Cristina", "title": "What a Difference a Day Makes (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "12510225", "text": "episodes as cardiothoracic surgeon Dr. Erica Hahn, Callie's love interest, who eventually resigns and moves away. Patrick Dempsey portrayed neurosurgeon Dr. Derek Shepherd whose relationship with Meredith Grey is the series' main storyline. Although originally introduced as a recurring character in the season premiere, trauma surgeon Dr. Owen Hunt was promoted to a series regular in the fourteenth episode of the season \"Beat Your Heart Out\". He was portrayed by Kevin McKidd and was conceived as a love interest to resident Cristina Yang. Originally only signed onto the show until December 2008, Kevin McKidd was upgraded to regular status after", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 5)" }, { "id": "15025765", "text": "get swept up in the moment, what with Katherine Heigl and Justin Chambers getting all teary and acting the hell out of the thing.\" Zap2it's Lisa Todorovich wrote: \"Oh, Shonda Rhimes, you minx. You get us all excited for the long-awaited marital union between Derek and Meredith, and you pull a great big bait-and-switch with Alex and Izzie. Congratulations on the very nice looking bridesmaids' dresses.\" She described the wedding as \"great\" and George brilliant for helping Izzie walk down the aisle. She also praised Callie \"who handled the ER like a champ\". Todorovich's colleague Ghosh Korbi suspected a week", "title": "What a Difference a Day Makes (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "10152205", "text": "out about Derek Wells being Julian Jerome and finding out about Ava's connection with him. \"General Hospital\" fan response has been overwhelmingly positive of the pairing of Sonny Corinthos and Kate Howard. They are consistently among the Top 10 Couples with the wedding of Sonny and Kate becoming a sweeps event for GH. Fans were disgusted in March 2009, when ABC announced \"General Hospital\" was dropping Megan Ward to recurring status and Rick Hearst (Ric Lansing) off contract, which resulted in him last airing that June. Following Sullivan's inception of the character, she was given the title of \"Performer of", "title": "Kate Howard" }, { "id": "18022143", "text": "2015 it was announced that Joe Adler was cast for the show, and would appear in the final two episodes of the season. Despite signing on for two more years after the tenth season, Patrick Dempsey decided that the eleventh season would be his last. The announcement was made on April 23, 2015, just a few hours before his final episode, \"How to Save a Life,\" premiered. Showrunner Shonda Rhimes spoke out about the departure as she said \"Derek Shepherd is and will always be an incredibly important character—for Meredith, for me and for the fans. I absolutely never imagined", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "18022124", "text": "boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Eleventh Season – Life Changes\" on August 18, 2015 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. The season is the first in which Dr. Cristina Yang, portrayed by Sandra Oh, is not included in the main cast of characters following her departure in previous season's finale. The season's main storylines include Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) dealing with \"her person's\" departure, her problematic love-life with her husband Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), and the arrival of Dr. Maggie Pierce (Kelly McCreary), whom Meredith learns is her half-sister. The biggest storyline of Season 11 was the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "14569066", "text": "of her house. Derek leaves Meredith, questioning if he can have a relationship with someone who could act like that at work. Another central story-line in the series is Lexie and Mark. She had decided to give him another chance, but when he tells her Callie is pregnant with his baby, she has had enough. She starts seeing Jackson. The reviews to the season were mostly positive. Robert Bianco \"USA Today\" gave a largely positive review stating, \"Happily, it now seems to have landed on solid ground, with its best ensemble and most engaging stories in years, the union of", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 7)" }, { "id": "15021562", "text": "Elevator Love Letter (Grey's Anatomy) \"Elevator Love Letter\" is the nineteenth episode of the fifth season of the American television medical drama, \"Grey's Anatomy\" and the show's 97th episode overall. Written by Stacy McKee and directed by Edward Ornelas, the episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on March 26, 2009. It was viewed by 15.81 million people and garnered a 5.5/13 Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic.\"Grey's Anatomy\" centers around a group of young doctors in training. In this episode, Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) proposes to the show's title character Meredith Grey", "title": "Elevator Love Letter (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "id": "4811510", "text": "hospital's Chief Resident, and later an attending general surgeon, in season six. The surgical program is initially headed by Richard Webber, the Chief of Surgery, who has a pre-existing personal relationship with Meredith, having had an affair with her mother when Meredith was a child. In Webber's employ are attending neurosurgeon Derek Shepherd, dubbed 'McDreamy' by the residents, and attending cardiothoracic surgeon Preston Burke. Shepherd is introduced as Meredith's love interest, while Burke begins a relationship with Yang. Introduced in the show's second season are obstetrician-gynecologist and neonatal surgeon, Addison Montgomery, plastic surgeon Mark Sloan (nicknamed 'McSteamy' by the interns),", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "id": "9015663", "text": "BuzzFeed's \"16 Hottest Doctors On Television\". His relationship with Meredith was included in \"TV Guide\"'s list of \"The Best TV Couples of All Time\". Victor Balta of Today listed Shepherd and Sloan's friendship in its \"TV's best bromances\". He called them \"the most exciting couple on \"Grey’s,\"\" explaining \"they’ve demonstrated an easy chemistry that makes for some of the great comic relief around Seattle Grace Hospital with their banter, sage wisdom on each other’s lives, and locker room-style teasing.\" Their bromance was furthermore included in lists by About.com, BuddyTV, \"Cosmopolitan\", Wetpaint. However, following the announcement of Dane's upcoming departure from", "title": "Derek Shepherd" }, { "id": "9648526", "text": "soon resumes his courtship of Meredith, despite her recent engagement. Bruce, whom she still calls \"Tom\", sees her desire to be with Larry, and breaks it off with her. Meredith and Larry soon marry on the terrace of Llanfair on June 25, 1970, with Viki as maid of honor and a begrudging Victor giving away the bride. Settling into marriage, Meredith insists they should have a baby to complete their happiness. Larry is against it, worrying that her illness, which is in remission, could return. She soon convinces him, and quickly becomes pregnant with twins. In 1971, after months of", "title": "Meredith Lord" }, { "id": "3318602", "text": "vehicle to address issues of gender and race within the community. For example, one episode took on homophobia when the famous poet Walt Whitman came to town. Religion played a somewhat minor role in the series, but was also used to address certain issues and new ideas. In the season-three finale, \"For Better or Worse\", Michaela and Sully were married during a special two-hour episode. During season four, Seymour's real-life pregnancy was written into the show. The following season saw the birth of Michaela and Sully's daughter, Katie. During its entire original run on CBS, the show aired from 8–9", "title": "Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman" }, { "id": "18022130", "text": "that the reason Dr. Herman wanted Arizona to learn from her is that she has an inoperable tumor. The tumor is growing, and the prognosis is not good. In due time, the tumor would kill her. Trying to learn as much as she can in such little time, Callie and Arizona grow apart. They try to save their marriage by going to marriage counseling, but it doesn’t work and they end up calling it quits. Dr. Amelia Shepherd (Caterina Scorsone) has moved in with Derek and Meredith, and is quickly learning the ropes at Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital. She finds", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 11)" }, { "id": "6912310", "text": "large part in her efficiency as office administrator and was crucial to her being promoted to the previously non-existent position. The \"will they or won't they\" tension between Jim and Pam is a strong storyline in the early episodes of \"The Office\", encompassing much of Seasons 1 to 3. In the opener of Season 4, the two characters are revealed to be dating, and as such, other character romances, such as the romance between fellow co-workers Dwight Schrute and Angela Martin, begin to move more toward the forefront of episodes. In Season 6, Jim and Pam are married in the", "title": "Pam Beesly" }, { "id": "9037170", "text": "they are not the priority. She doesn't need McDreamy. Grey's Anatomy doesn't need McDreamy. So even if the writers do decide to create a new love interest for Ms. Grey (Martin Henderson, perhaps?), it wouldn't matter. I have faith that the show's writers will do this storyline justice, because TV needs more strong single women — and Meredith seems like the perfect candidate.\" The site added, \"This past season was almost a trial run for a McDreamy-less Grey's Anatomy. When Derek left for Washington D.C. to pursue his research, Meredith stayed behind and focused on her own career. She didn't", "title": "Meredith Grey" }, { "id": "5466867", "text": "3.4 out of 10. In December 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" named \"So Jealous\" one of the Top 50 records of 2004. On April 10, 2005, \"Where Does the Good Go\" was played in the fourth episode of season 1 of the ABC drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" titled \"No Man's Land\". It was played again in the season 10 finale \"Fear (of the Unknown)\" as the final scene between protagonist Meredith Grey and Cristina Yang. Adapted from the \"So Jealous\" credits. Musicians Design Production So Jealous So Jealous is the fourth studio album by Canadian indie pop duo Tegan and Sara, released on", "title": "So Jealous" }, { "id": "15598690", "text": "as Meredith's. April is named the new Chief resident, and struggles throughout the season to be taken seriously by the other residents, while also developing a much deeper friendship with Jackson until she finally has sex with him in episode 21, \"Moment of Truth.\" Throughout the season, the fifth year surgical residents (Meredith, Cristina, Alex, April, and Jackson) prepare for their boards. Everyone passes, except for April, who gave her virginity to Jackson the night before the exam. Cristina chooses to terminate her pregnancy (episode 1, \"Free Falling\"), which Owen does not want because he wants to have children. He", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "id": "17314129", "text": "hospital to Alex, and dances it out with Meredith one last time to an old favorite song. Owen, however, is busy saving a patient in the O.R., so they share a silent goodbye through the gallery's glass without exchanging a word with their eyes and imperceptible nods saying everything that was left unsaid. Meredith starts fighting with Derek when she adamantly states that she's not going to Washington, D.C. because Cristina makes her realize her life is in Seattle and she is just as important in the relationship as Derek is. The new head of cardio, Dr. Maggie Pierce (Kelly", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 10)" }, { "id": "12077122", "text": "in the season finale with a proposal that he and Kathleen return to live and explore the world. Kathleen is hesitant to accept, not wanting to leave Grace and Tom behind by themselves. Towards the middle of the season, Amy and Ricky begin to date, and everyone is doubtful that Ricky will be faithful. Adrian and Ben decide to get married and the ceremony occurs near the end of the season. In the two-part season finale, Ben and Adrian are living together in their condo and Adrian begins to sense that something might be wrong with their baby. They decide", "title": "The Secret Life of the American Teenager" }, { "id": "7310952", "text": "nurse Olivia Harper, portrayed by Sarah Utterback, who serves as a love interest for George and Alex, and Derek's estranged wife Addison Montgomery, played by Kate Walsh. The first season's ratings were consistently high, ranking first in its timeslot and leading its closest competition by 7.2 million viewers. It delivered ABC's best audience retention following \"Desperate Housewives\", was the highest rated show amongst 18- to 49-year-olds in 13 years since \"The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles\", and produced ABC's strongest series performance in the hour in more than four years. Commenting on the first season's high ratings, Magna Global USA media", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 1)" }, { "id": "16574186", "text": "soon becomes famous for a viral video. Dwight Schrute (Rainn Wilson) is finally promoted to regional manager. The documentary airs, and a year later, the members of the office gather for Dwight and Angela's marriage as well as a final round of interviews. Following the decline in ratings from the previous year, the ninth season of \"The Office\" managed to stabilize around 4 million viewers per episode. The series finale, however, was watched by over 5.69 million viewers, making it the highest-rated episode that the show had aired in over a year. The season ranked as the ninety-fourth most watched", "title": "The Office (U.S. season 9)" }, { "id": "18689729", "text": "live together for a month, whereafter they choose whether they will continue their relationship. The first season premiered on 18 May 2015 on the Nine Network. A second season began on 4 April 2016 with the third season premiering later in the same year on 29 August 2016. A fourth season premiered on Monday 30 January 2017. The fifth season premiered on Monday 29 January 2018. During the first season, four female contestants were matched with their ‘perfect’ male partner by a panel of experts. In the first episode, two couples (Michael & Roni, Clare & Lachlan) met and wed.", "title": "Married at First Sight (Australian TV series)" }, { "id": "17314118", "text": "The Moments\" on September 2, 2014 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. The season mainly focuses on the relationship between the show's protagonist Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) and \"her person\" Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) as both follow different paths relating their careers straining their relationship. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) and Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) having separated from her wife Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) teamed up with the White House to work on a brain mapping project. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) was on a project mapping out the human genome. Yang and Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) gradually take their relationship from complicated", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 10)" }, { "id": "18761851", "text": "Grey would say: the carousel never stops turning.\" During an interview with\" TVLine\", Shonda Rhimes said that the twelfth season will take \"a much lighter tone\" in the wake of Derek's death. She continued talking about Meredith's evolvement as she said \"Meredith is single, and she is living this life that she’s never thought she’d be living again. She’s living in a house with her sisters. She’s surrounded by women who are dating and having a whole life, and she’s not interested in all that. [Meredith is] starting to wonder is there a second life here or are your best", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 12)" }, { "id": "9169903", "text": "alcoholism. Michael then pretends to take her out for drinks, but instead takes her to a rehab clinic where he forcibly drags her inside and informs the staff that he's \"making a deposit\". When he finds out that she cannot be admitted against her will, he is determined to help her \"hit rock bottom\", as he somewhat proudly mentions he was able to do with Jan. In the episode \"The Promotion\" it's revealed that Creed and Meredith have had sex. Creed didn't remember this until he makes another pass at her. In the season seven episode \"PDA\" Dwight reads an", "title": "Meredith Palmer" } ]	what season does meredith and derek get married in grey's anatomy
[ "Shape of You" ]	[ { "id": "19432911", "text": "year. On October 15, 2016, \"One Dance\" became the most played song ever on streaming media service Spotify, with over one billion individual streams, overtaking the previous record held by Major Lazer and DJ Snake's \"Lean On\". Ed Sheeran's \"Shape of You\" overtook \"One Dance\" as the most streamed song on Spotify on September 21, 2017. \"One Dance\" was the best-performing single worldwide of 2016 and is one of the best-selling singles of all-time. In early 2016, UK funky artist Kyla was first contacted by Drake's production team regarding the use of her 2008 song \"Do You Mind (Crazy Cousinz", "title": "One Dance" }, { "id": "12672623", "text": "including the creation of a new Arabic hub and several playlists, while supporting Right-to-left text in their apps. In October 2015, \"Thinking Out Loud\" by Ed Sheeran became the first song to pass 500 million streams. A month later, Spotify announced that \"Lean On\" by Major Lazer and DJ Snake featuring MØ was its most streamed song of all time with over 525 million streams worldwide. In April 2016, Rihanna overtook Justin Bieber to become the biggest artist on Spotify, with 31.3 million monthly active listeners. In May 2016, Rihanna was overtaken by Drake with 3.185 billion total streams. In", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "12672624", "text": "December 2016, Drake's just-under 26 million monthly listeners were overtaken by the Weeknd's 36.068 million. Later that month, Drake's song \"One Dance\" became the first song to hit one billion streams on Spotify. Upon its release in August 2017, the single \"Look What You Made Me Do\" by Taylor Swift earned over eight million streams within 24 hours, breaking the record for the most single-day streams for a track. On June 19, 2018, XXXTentacion's hit single \"Sad!\" broke Swift's single-day streaming record, amassing 10.4 million streams the day after he was fatally shot in Florida. In March 2011, Spotify announced", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "19980194", "text": "Phonographic Industry, \"Despacito\" was the second best-selling digital single of 2017 worldwide, with 24.3 million sales plus track-equivalent streams. \"Despacito\" became the world's most-streamed song of all-time in July 2017, with 4.6 billion streams between the original and remix version, surpassing Justin Bieber's \"Sorry\". It was streamed 7.5 billion times as of April 2018. In February 2018, the remix version became the first Latin and eight overall song to surpass one billion streams on Spotify. In the United Kingdom, it became the longest-reigning foreign language number-one, surpassing The Manhattan Transfer's three weeks achieved in 1977 with their single \"Chanson D'Amour\".", "title": "Despacito" }, { "id": "18652438", "text": "and at number two on the UK Singles Chart. It reached number one in several other countries including Australia, Ireland, the Netherlands, Mexico, New Zealand, Finland, Denmark and Switzerland. In November 2015, \"Lean On\" was named by Spotify as the most streamed song of all time, and has over 1 billion streams globally as of June 2017; however, it was later overtaken by Drake's \"One Dance\" (2016). The accompanying music video for \"Lean On\" was filmed in ND Studios, Karjat (India), Kaul Heritage City, Vasai in Maharashtra (India). The video premiered on March 23, 2015 and has over 2.4 billion", "title": "Lean On" }, { "id": "5503807", "text": "2017’, and a Grammy in 2018, broke chart history staying in the Top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100 for 33 weeks, topped the UK No.1 chart for 14 weeks, and was the most-streamed song of all time on Spotify. At the 35th Annual ASCAP Pop Music Awards 2018 in Los Angeles, Steve Mac won Songwriter of the Year and Song of the Year for Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, plus awards for Rockabye by Clean Bandit feat Anne-Marie & Sean Paul; What About Us by Pink and Strip That Down by Liam Payne. Including Clean Bandit’s single Rockabye,", "title": "Steve Mac" }, { "id": "18652445", "text": "spent 12 non-consecutive weeks in the top-10, becoming one of the few songs during 2015 to spend more than 10 weeks in the top 10 (even above several number-one singles). Elsewhere, in Australia, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, New Zealand, and Norway, \"Lean On\" reached number one. Additionally, the single reached number 3 on the Canadian Hot 100. In November 2015, \"Lean On\" was announced to have overtaken \"Thinking Out Loud\" by Ed Sheeran as the most streamed song of all time on Spotify, with 526 million streams globally. It currently has over 1 billion streams on the site, making it", "title": "Lean On" }, { "id": "19930556", "text": "was also Australia's highest selling song of 2017 with 630,000 copies sold by the end of the year. The song is the first ever number one single of the Philippine Hot 100 upon the chart's inception on 12 June 2017. It stayed at the peak position for 4 consecutive weeks before it was dethroned by \"Despacito\" by Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber. Worldwide, the song reached one billion streams on Spotify in June 2017. It became the most streamed song on Spotify in September 2017, reaching 1,318,420,396 streams overtaking Drake's \"One Dance\". In August 2018, \"Billboard\" published", "title": "Shape of You" }, { "id": "20609340", "text": "and \"The Monster\" featuring Rihanna. \"The Monster\" became Eminem's fifth No.1 single on the Hot 100, tying him with rappers Ludacris and P. Diddy for rappers with the most No.1 singles in the USA. In May 2014, Eminem was announced as the most streamed artist of all time on Spotify. As of November 2010, Eminem has four songs that have sold over three million downloads in the United States. Eminem has sold more than 42 million track downloads in the United States alone. Eminem singles discography American rapper Eminem has released fifty-one singles as a lead artist and five promotional", "title": "Eminem singles discography" }, { "id": "19980195", "text": "It is also the 30th best-selling single in the country with 1,900,599 combined sales (566,425 digital sales and 1,334,174 streaming-equivalent sales) as of September 19, 2017. It also became the song with most weeks at number one in Switzerland and Germany. It is the third and eighth best-performing single of all-time in Switzerland and Sweden, respectively. The success of the song and its remix version led Daddy Yankee to become the most listened-to artist worldwide on the streaming service Spotify on July 9, 2017, being the first Latin artist to do so. He later became the fifth most listened-to male", "title": "Despacito" }, { "id": "19930541", "text": "Mac. \"Shape of You\" peaked at number-one on the singles charts of 34 countries, including the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 (later becoming the best performing song of 2017), as well as the UK, Australian and Canadian singles charts. It has stayed at number one for a record-tying 16 consecutive weeks on the Canadian Hot 100, as well as 14 non-consecutive weeks on the UK Singles Chart, and 12 non-consecutive weeks on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. On 21 September 2017 it became the most streamed song on Spotify, with over 1.32 billion streams. It was the best-selling song of 2017 in", "title": "Shape of You" }, { "id": "18698747", "text": "You Again\" was released on March 10, 2015, as the soundtrack's lead single in the United States. \"See You Again\" became both Khalifa's and Puth's biggest single to date. It spent 12 non-consecutive weeks atop the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, tying Eminem's \"Lose Yourself\" for the longest-running rap number-one single in the country, and topped the UK Singles Chart for two consecutive weeks. It also reached number one in several other countries including Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand and Switzerland. The song held the record for the most-streamed track in a single day on Spotify in the United", "title": "See You Again" }, { "id": "18358759", "text": "Feel My Face\". It was later named \"Billboard\"s Song of the Summer. Much of the song's rise to prominence was attributed to its performance on streaming services. On Spotify, the song attracted over 870 million plays (as of August 2018). Outside of national charts, it peaked at number one on the iTunes Store in over 55 markets. \"Cheerleader\" was the most streamed song of 2015 in the UK, racking up 71.7 million streams throughout the year. While Chris Molanphy of \"Slate\" found the song's lyrics \"laughably retrograde\", he praised the chorus as \"universally relatable and cross-culturally memorable.\" Nick Messitte, a", "title": "Cheerleader (song)" }, { "id": "13456877", "text": "Rihanna and then Nicki Minaj, who both turned it down; however Major Lazer later expressed that no one could have done a better job than MØ in the recording. The song reached number 4 on the US Billboard's Hot 100 chart and number 2 in the UK charts. It also became Spotify's most streamed song of all time, receiving universally positive reviews while reaching over 2 billion views on YouTube, making it the twelfth most viewed video on the site. Four promotional singles were released; \"Roll the Bass\" on March 23, 2015, \"Night Riders\", a collaboration with Travi$ Scott, 2", "title": "Major Lazer" }, { "id": "18698755", "text": "7, 2016, \"See You Again\" has sold a total of 4,122,938 copies in the United States. The song fell out of the top ten on the chart dated August 29, 2015, spending a total of 19 weeks in the top ten. The song holds the record for the most-streamed track in a single day on Spotify in the United States. It set the record for most streams in a single week worldwide during April 6 to April 12 (streamed 21.9 million times), and in the United Kingdom in a single week (streamed 3.72 million times from April 20 to April", "title": "See You Again" }, { "id": "15218084", "text": "\"Grey's Anatomy\" (season 13 episode 8). \"Drag Me Down\" sold 349,000 digital copies in the United States and had 17.7 million streams worldwide in its first week of release. It broke the record on Spotify for most streamed track in one day, earning 4.75 million global streams (it has since been surpassed by Ed Sheeran's \"Shape of You\" and \"Castle on the Hill\" both receiving over 6.18 million global streams). The song also debuted at number three on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, the second-highest debut of the year, with 349,000 downloads sold in its first week (making it the group's", "title": "Drag Me Down" }, { "id": "19453465", "text": "Airplay, and the \"Billboard\" Latin Songs chart in the United States, where it spent 41 consecutive weeks at the top and won the Latin Grammy Award for Song of the Year. In 2015, \"Lean On\" by American electronic duo Major Lazer and DJ Snake featuring MØ peaked at number-one on the chart and was named by Spotify as the most streamed song of all time, with 526 million streams globally. By 2018, Scottish DJ Calvin Harris is the performer with the most number-one singles on the Mexico Airplay chart, with eight chart toppers. Mexico Airplay Mexico Airplay is a record", "title": "Mexico Airplay" }, { "id": "13879797", "text": "Bling\", \"One Dance\", \"Pop Style\", \"Controlla\" and \"Too Good\", all of which peaked within the top 20 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. \"One Dance\" became the most successful single of Drake's career, becoming an international hit and peaking at number one in fifteen different countries, including the US, UK and Canada where it became his first number one single. \"One Dance\" has since also become the second most played song on streaming media service Spotify, with over one billion individual streams. Drake's fifth studio album, \"Scorpion\" was released in June 2018 and again debuted at number one in Canada", "title": "Drake discography" }, { "id": "12672610", "text": "Emoji, Basement, Hiptronix, Six Strings and Cyclone (hip-hop, electronic, pop, guitar-driven and experimental music respectively). The playlists spotlight lesser-known musicians and their songs which are listened to by 100,000 randomly chosen users and are talked about on 10 to 20,000 music blogs. They are updated every Wednesday, and can contain a maximum of up to 50 songs. In August 2016, Spotify launched Release Radar, a personalised playlist that allows users to stay up-to-date on new music released by artists they listen to the most. It also helps users discover new music, by mixing in other artists' music. The playlist is", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "12672587", "text": "November 2018, it had 191 million monthly active users, including 87 million paying subscribers. Unlike physical or download sales, which pay artists a fixed price per song or album sold, Spotify pays royalties based on the number of artists' streams as a proportion of total songs streamed. It distributes approximately 70% of total revenue to rights holders, who then pay artists based on their individual agreements. Spotify has faced criticism from artists and producers including Taylor Swift and Thom Yorke, who argued that it does not fairly compensate musicians. In April 2017, as part of its efforts to renegotiate license", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "20544742", "text": "\"God's plan\". \"God's Plan\" was released alongside \"Diplomatic Immunity\" as a part of the \"Scary Hours\" EP and made available for digital download and streaming on January 19, 2018, by Young Money Entertainment and Cash Money Records. The song launched with the largest on-demand streaming count in history, breaking Apple's first-day streaming record upon release with 14 million streams and breaking Spotify's single-day streaming record with 4.3 million plays in twenty four hours. The song was streamed 82.4 million times in its first week. Talking about the song, Noisey said \"this is a good song that I've heard Drake do", "title": "God's Plan (song)" }, { "id": "18652442", "text": "48 on its year-end list to find the 50 best songs of 2015, while \"Billboard\" listed it number one on its Top 10 Dance/Electronic songs of 2015. The latter magazine also ranked \"Lean On\" at number 3 on its year-end critics' poll for 2015: \"The Grammys got it wrong. It's rare that a dance record of this quality reaches this level of ubiquity—after all, this is Spotifys most streamed song of all-time as of Nov. 2015. Despite being independently released, the infectious three-minute single became the poster child for dance crossover, dominating both radio and festival play and hitting No.", "title": "Lean On" }, { "id": "19491754", "text": "being listed at 2 on the \"Billboard\" seasonal ranking. Spotify named it the fifth most-streamed song of the summer globally. , it has sold 2.495 million downloads in the country, thus being the best-selling song of the year according to Nielsen Music. It was also the number three most-heard song on US radio in 2016, with 3.422 billion audience impressions for the year. It was the number two most-played song in terms of total number of plays, with 587,000. \"Can't Stop the Feeling!\" is among the top 20 longest-leading number-one singles on the Adult Contemporary chart. It is also one", "title": "Can't Stop the Feeling!" }, { "id": "17868893", "text": "as number 13 on the France Top 40 chart. Cab returned to music in 2017 with \"All of the Girls\" featuring Pitbull. In 2018, Cab released \"Laurent Perrier\", a song featuring Latin artist Farruko. He performed the song at the official FIFA World Cup viewing event in Berlin, Germany prior to the country's final game in the tournament. As a follow-up, Cab released the single \"Just Wanna Love You\" featuring, J Balvin. At the time of its release (September 2018), Balvin was the #2 ranked artist in the world streaming on Spotify, behind Drake. Cris Cab Cristian Cabrerizo, better known", "title": "Cris Cab" }, { "id": "12672641", "text": "of the iPhone via the watch. Users can also choose which devices to play music on via Bluetooth. In September 2010, the World Economic Forum (WEF) announced the company as a Technology Pioneer for 2011. In August 2017, Spotify was the most downloaded music app on the iOS platform in the United States. Spotify has attracted significant criticism since its 2008 launch. The primary point of criticism centres around what artists, music creators and the media have described as \"unsustainable\" compensation. Unlike physical sales or legal downloads, which pay artists a fixed price per song or album sold, Spotify pays", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "17769360", "text": "Pop Songs, Dance Club Songs, Hot Dance/Electric Songs and Adult Top 40 charts. It peaked at 4 on the Billboard Hot 100. In June, \"Time Magazine\" named it one of the \"Best Songs of 2015 So Far\" In September 2015, \"Lean On\" was named Spotify's global song of the summer. In November 2015, the song surpassed 526 million Spotify plays, making it the service's most streamed song ever. The video for \"Lean On\" was released in March 2015. It was shot in India and directed by Tim Erem. \"Amplify\" magazine named \"Lean On\" one of \"The Best Videos of 2015\".", "title": "DJ Snake" }, { "id": "15023486", "text": "By the end of 2013, \"Radioactive\" had already sold over 3 million copies. \"Rolling Stone\" called it \"the biggest rock hit of the year\". It was also the most streamed song of 2013 on Spotify in the United States. It was nominated for the Grammy Award for Record of the Year and the Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards, winning the latter of the two. In 2015, it was certified diamond by the RIAA for sales in excess of 10 million copies in the United States. Third single \"Demons\" reached No. 1 on the", "title": "Imagine Dragons" }, { "id": "12794654", "text": "featuring Justin Bieber. It became the first primarily Spanish-language song to peak at number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 since 1996 and topped the chart for 16 weeks, tying with \"One Sweet Day\" by Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men as the longest-reigning number-one single in the chart's history. The song also became the longest-reigning number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot Latin Songs chart with 52 weeks and the longest-reigning foreign language number one in the United Kingdom with 11 weeks. Its success led Daddy Yankee to become the most listened artist worldwide on the streaming service Spotify in", "title": "Daddy Yankee discography" }, { "id": "19652433", "text": "the year, behind Flo Rida's \"My House\" and Justin Timberlake's \"Can't Stop the Feeling!\". Internationally, the song reached number one in Australia on August 13, 2016, also becoming both The Chainsmokers' and Halsey's first number-one song there. It also peaked at number one in the UK, New Zealand and Canada. The song topped the UK Singles Chart for four weeks, becoming the first song by a duo to log multiple weeks at number one in both the US and the UK since LMFAO's \"Party Rock Anthem\" in 2011. \"Closer\" is currently the third most streamed song on Spotify, behind \"One", "title": "Closer (The Chainsmokers song)" }, { "id": "18132276", "text": "but not a list of a \"carefully curated journey to unconsciousness\". In October 2015, \"Thinking Out Loud\" set the record of most streams of a song on Spotify, having accumulated over 500 million streams. The company created the \"Sheerio Index\", an interactive graphic map which showed where Sheeran was most popular. The color-based map indicated that Sheeran was most popular in Denmark. It was surpassed a month later by \"Lean On\", a song by Major Lazer and DJ Snake featuring MØ. Emil Nava directed the video accompaniment to the single. Most of it was filmed in the Crystal Ballroom at", "title": "Thinking Out Loud" }, { "id": "16638534", "text": "an independent artist. In November 2016, Nesbitt signed a record deal with indie label Cooking Vinyl and is expecting to release a new studio album shortly. On 2 July 2017 she served as a supporting act for Justin Bieber during British Summer Time (concerts) in Hyde Park, London. Nina released a new single, \"The Moments I'm Missing\" on 14 July 2017. On 8 September 2017 she released another single, \"The Best You Had\" which went on to be her most streamed track on Spotify of all time. with over 33million worldwide streams. It was also made Greg James's 'Tune Of", "title": "Nina Nesbitt" }, { "id": "12672585", "text": "Spotify Spotify Ltd. () is a music streaming platform developed by Swedish company Spotify Technology S.A., headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden and listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Launched on 7 October 2008, it is currently (as of 14 November 2018) available in 78 countries and regions throughout the world. It provides DRM-protected content from record labels and media companies. Spotify is a freemium service; basic features are free with advertisements or automatic music videos, while additional features, such as improved streaming quality are offered via paid subscriptions. Spotify is available in most of Europe, most of the Americas, Australia,", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "20315180", "text": "YouTube, it attained the most views in its first 24 hours of release, more than any other music video on the site, later surpassed by the K-pop band BTS with \"Idol\" in August 2018. On August 23, 2017, Swift announced that the first single from her upcoming sixth album, titled \"Reputation\", would come out the following night. The song was released to streaming services on August 24, and earned over eight million streams within twenty-four hours of its Spotify release, breaking the record for the highest first-day streaming for a single track. The record was surpassed in 2018 by Drake's", "title": "Look What You Made Me Do" }, { "id": "19538846", "text": "in 2015, \"Fire\" was featured in the Bradley Cooper movie \"Burnt\" and went on to receive airplay on American rock radio in 2016. To date, \"Fire\" has been streamed more than 26 million times on Spotify, while \"Glitter & Gold\" has been streamed more than 25 million times. Courtney played at the SXSW Music Festival in Austin, Texas, in a showcase for \"NME\" magazine in March 2016 and performed \"Fire\" on Conan O'Brien's TBS talkshow \"Conan\" in June. Another track, \"Hobo Rocket\", was included on the soundtrack of the EA Sports video game \"FIFA 17\". In early 2017, the It's", "title": "Barns Courtney" }, { "id": "18937850", "text": "2.03 million set by One Direction's \"Drag Me Down\". In its second week, the song descended to number two, however, it broke the country's all-time streaming record, with 3.87 million streams in seven days, later surpassed by Adele's \"Hello\" (which streamed 7.32 million times in November 2015, almost doubling the record). After three weeks since its release, the song remained as the most streamed track in the country and returned to the number one spot for another two weeks. On October 2, the song was knocked off the top spot by Sam Smith's \"Writing's on the Wall\", but a week", "title": "What Do You Mean?" }, { "id": "11738103", "text": "billion views on Vevo with the videos for its songs \"Roar\" and \"Dark Horse\". Her fifth album, \"Witness\" (2017), delved into electropop and became her third album to reach number one in the U.S. Its most successful single, \"Chained to the Rhythm\", broke the record for Spotify's most streamed track by a female artist within 24 hours upon its release. Perry has received many awards, including four Guinness World Records, five American Music Awards, a Brit Award, and a Juno Award, and has been included in the annual \"Forbes\" lists of highest-earning women in music from 2011–2018. Her estimated net", "title": "Katy Perry" }, { "id": "4907166", "text": "album on June 1, 2015. On November 11, 2015, \"Lean On\" became Spotify's Most Streamed Song of All Time with over 800 million streams to date. Along with the streaming title, the official video for \"Lean On\" became one of the most viewed videos on YouTube. It currently has more than 2 billion views. Along with the streaming and viewing milestones, \"Lean On\" would also go on to achieve double platinum status. On July 22, 2016, the group released the single \"Cold Water\", a collaboration with Canadian artist Justin Bieber and Danish singer MØ. The track has already reached over", "title": "Diplo" }, { "id": "20021267", "text": "in Spain and Peru, Platinum seller in Mexico, Chile, Argentina and Portugal and Golden seller in Equator. Charly Black also has 336,5 million streams in world and has reached 279th rank of the most artists streamed in the world on Spotify. His hit remix by Daddy Yankee also reached records on streaming websites : it’s the 129th track most streamed in the world in February 2017 (week 02/16/2017). In 2002, DJ Maze also received recompenses with Ragga Connection et Ragga Connection 2 (mixed by DJ Xela) : Platinum seller and Golden Seller in France. He currently has more than 5", "title": "Allezgo Productions" }, { "id": "16900367", "text": "24K Magic World Tour as an opening act for several of its dates, and also partnered with clothing brand Guess as the face for their 2017 Fall campaign. New writing and recording sessions for her album were influenced by the success of her single \"Havana\", which postponed its original release date. Upon its release, the single reached number one in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Hungary and the United States. It also spent seven weeks atop the US Mainstream Top 40 airplay chart. The song became Spotify's most-streamed song ever by a solo female artist in June 2018,", "title": "Camila Cabello" }, { "id": "13011692", "text": "later revealed to be Spotify's most streamed artist for the second consecutive year in 2016, amassing a total 4.7 billion streams for all projects on the service, which is more than double the amount of streams he had in 2015. Drake later secured his second and third Grammy Awards, winning for Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Rap Song at the 59th ceremony. Despite multiple setbacks, Drake announced \"More Life\" would be released on March 18, 2017, via a series of multiple video commercials released through Instagram. Upon release, \"More Life\" received mostly positive reviews, and debuted atop the \"Billboard\" 200,", "title": "Drake (musician)" }, { "id": "2333863", "text": "album in 2019 with its first single \"Hello My Love\" to be released on 11 January 2019. The band sold over 40 million studio albums and 55 million records overall worldwide. They have had 33 number-one albums worldwide. The band has received over a billion views on YouTube counting only the ones uploaded from their official site alone, were streamed more than 300 million times, and more than 550 million in Spotify as of 2018. They generated hit singles including \"Swear It Again\", \"If I Let You Go\", \"Flying Without Wings\", \"I Have a Dream\", \"Seasons in the Sun\", \"Fool", "title": "Westlife" }, { "id": "18132259", "text": "Africa, and peaked at number 2 on both the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and the Canadian Hot 100. It was Sheeran's highest-charting single in North America until \"Shape of You\" topped the charts in both countries in 2017. In June 2015, \"Thinking Out Loud\" became the first single to spend a full year in the UK top 40. In September 2015, it also became the seventh single to have achieved triple platinum certification in the UK during the 21st century. In October 2015, the song became the first to be streamed over 500 million times on Spotify, is also one", "title": "Thinking Out Loud" }, { "id": "15601807", "text": "of them stuck behind Maroon 5's \"Moves Like Jagger\" and Adele's \"Someone like You\" occupying the two spots above. It has been certified 5× platinum in Canada and Australia, 4× platinum in the United States, and gold in Germany. The song ranked as the sixth-best-selling digital song of 2011 in the United States with 3.84 million copies sold, while it ranked as music streaming service Spotify's most streamed song of the year. The song has sold 5,173,000 copies in the United States as of August 2013. The music video, directed by Josef Geiger, features the band playing a show. There", "title": "Pumped Up Kicks" }, { "id": "12672626", "text": "paying) in December 2014, 75 million users (20 million paying) in June 2015, 30 million paying subscribers in March 2016, 40 million subscribers in September 2016, and 100 million total users in June 2016. As of November 2018, Spotify has 191 million active users, including over 87 million paying subscribers. According to \"TechCrunch\", Spotify was planning to launch on the stock market in 2017, but is instead planning on doing the IPO in 2018 in order to \"build up a better balance sheet and work on shifting its business model to improve its margins\". The value of its IPO is", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "4200266", "text": "site to reach the milestone behind Adele's \"Hello\", and becoming the most watched video in YouTube's history. Its success led Daddy Yankee to become the most listened artist worldwide on the streaming service Spotify in June 2017, being the first Latin artist to do so. Daddy Yankee has received various awards and nominations throughout his career. As of 2017, he has won 82 awards from 270 nominations since his rise to international fame in 2004. He has won 5 Latin Grammy Awards, 2 Billboard Music Awards, 14 Billboard Latin Music Awards, 2 Latin American Music Awards, 8 Lo Nuestro Awards,", "title": "Daddy Yankee" }, { "id": "6195712", "text": "Hot Country Songs Hot Country Songs is a chart published weekly by \"Billboard\" magazine in the United States. This 50-position chart lists the most popular country music songs, calculated weekly by collecting airplay data from Nielsen BDS along with digital sales and streaming. The current number-one song, as of the chart dated December 22, 2018, is \"Speechless\" by Dan + Shay. \"Billboard\" began compiling the popularity of country songs with its January 8, 1944 issue. Only the genre's most popular jukebox selections were tabulated, with the chart titled \"Most Played Juke Box Folk Records\". For approximately ten years, from 1948", "title": "Hot Country Songs" }, { "id": "16734342", "text": "Rock Songs chart at 23 weeks before being surpassed by Walk the Moon's \"Shut Up and Dance\". \"Radioactive\" currently holds the record for the longest reign atop the \"Billboard\" Rock Airplay chart, with 24 weeks. The song is also the best-selling rock song in US digital history. It was the No. 2 Song of the Summer according to \"Billboard\" and spent 87 weeks on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, breaking the all-time chart longevity record, previously held by Jason Mraz's 2008 single \"I'm Yours\". It has sold more copies in a calendar year than any other song by a rock act", "title": "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song)" }, { "id": "20259134", "text": "decision to relocate to Nashville, The uncertainty William's felt during his relocation to Nashville became the inspiration for his next single, \"Frustrated.\" Once released, Spotify, who had featured R.LUM.R on their New Music Tuesday and Alternative R&B playlists previously, decided to support the new single by placing it on many of their most popular national playlists. Frustrated quickly became a hit garnering nearly 20 million streams on Spotify alone since first released in late 2016. In early 2017 Frustrated Hit #1 on SiriusXM The Heat's (Ch.46) Top 35 Songs out beating artists like Chris Brown, Bruno Mars and Drake. In", "title": "R.LUM.R" }, { "id": "19924802", "text": "tracks of the album achieved a total of 56.73 million streams on Spotify in a single day, breaking the previous record of 29 million for \"Starboy\" by The Weeknd in November 2016. In total, all tracks by Sheeran were streamed 68.7 million times that day, with the single \"Shape of You\" receiving 10.12 million streams, both also breaking previous records on Spotify. Both records were broken by Drake's \"More Life\" 16 days later. By its second day of release, the videos of songs from the album had achieved a cumulative one billion views on YouTube, including figures from \"Shape of", "title": "÷ (album)" }, { "id": "20315191", "text": "position and Swift's fifth number-one single in the United States. It ended the 16-week reign of \"Despacito\". It also topped the nation's Streaming Songs chart with 84.4 million streams, becoming its most streamed song within a week by a female artist and second overall behind the 103 million that Baauer's \"Harlem Shake\" gained in 2013. The track also had more weekly streams in the US than any other song in 2017. The song stayed atop the charts for three consecutive weeks, tying with American rapper Cardi B's \"Bodak Yellow\" as the longest running female at the number one spot on", "title": "Look What You Made Me Do" }, { "id": "19321496", "text": "and a position higher upon a re-release in April 2011. It also remained in the top 10 for 11 weeks. The Jonas Blue version also reached number one in Germany, Sweden, Australia and New Zealand, as well as reaching the number one spot on the US viral chart on Spotify. The single has been certified Platinum in Italy and the UK, 2× Platinum in New Zealand and 3× Platinum in Australia. To date, the track has been streamed almost 674 million times on Spotify, and has achieved over 310 million views on Vevo. On 3 June 2016, he released a", "title": "Jonas Blue" }, { "id": "15251355", "text": "on 10 November. On 4 December, Sheeran was named Spotify's most streamed artist of 2017 with 6.3 billion streams. He has Spotify's biggest album of the year with \"÷\" streamed 3.1 billion times, and the top song with \"Shape of You\" with 1.4 billion streams. On 5 December 2017, hip-hop artist Eminem announced that Sheeran had collaborated on the song \"River\" for his ninth studio album \"Revival\". On working with Eminem, Sheeran stated, \"He is one of the reasons I started writing songs, and was such a pleasure to work with him.\" Speaking on \"The Late Late Show\" on Irish", "title": "Ed Sheeran" }, { "id": "19980187", "text": "a \"Billboard\" recurrent rule that removes titles that rank below number 25 after that amount of weeks. It also became the longest-reigning number-one on the US Digital Songs and Streaming Songs charts with 17 and 16 weeks, respectively. \"Despacito\" was the best-selling and most-streamed single of 2017 in the United States, with 2,692,000 downloads sold and 1,322,799,000 video and audio streams, adding up a combined total of 6,663,000 sales plus track-equivalent audio streams. It was also the sixth most-played song of 2017, with 608,000 spins across US radio stations and an audience of 3,076,935,000. It was the second best-performing song", "title": "Despacito" }, { "id": "20678231", "text": "you listen and never forget? Only gon' say this one time, then I'll dip, niggas ain't worthy to be on my shit.\" Upon its first week of release, \"KOD\" debuted at number 10 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The song broke Spotify opening day record in the US, it was streamed 4.2 million times, Taylor Swift previously held the record for \"Look What You Made Me Do\" (2017). In December 2018, Billboard ranked \"KOD\" as the 64th best song of the year. KOD (song) \"KOD\" is a single by American rapper J. Cole, released on April 20, 2018 from", "title": "KOD (song)" }, { "id": "20612714", "text": "number 26, becoming XXXTentacion's first top thirty in the country. \"SAD!\" reached the top 10 in Sweden, Australia, and New Zealand. It also reached the top 20 in Ireland, and the top 40 in Norway. \"SAD!\" amassed 10.4 million streams on Spotify on June 19, 2018, the day after his death, breaking the single-day record for streams on the platform. Following XXXTentacion's death, \"SAD!\" reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on the week beginning June 25, 2018, jumping from number 52. He became the first act to earn a posthumous Hot 100 number-one single as a lead artist", "title": "Sad!" }, { "id": "17288385", "text": "music app Spotify in its first week of release over pop songs from Mariah Carey, Daft Punk, Fergie, and others. The list represents the most viral tracks on Spotify based on the number of people who shared it divided by the number who listened to it from Monday, May 13, to Sunday, May 19, via Facebook, Tumblr, Twitter and Spotify. In April 2014, the song won a \"Revolver\" Golden Gods Award for \"Song of the Year.\" According to Moody, the composition was about overcoming routine roadblocks and less-than-ideal circumstances in life. He then goes on to say that while most", "title": "Lift Me Up (Five Finger Death Punch song)" }, { "id": "2495727", "text": "100. This was expanded to a broader Streaming Songs chart in January 2013, which ranks web radio streams from services such as Spotify, as well as on-demand audio titles. In February 2013, U.S. views for a song on YouTube were added to the Hot 100 formula. \"Harlem Shake\" was the first song to reach number one after the changes were made. The Hot 100 formula starting 2013 generally incorporates sales (35–45%), airplay (30–40%) and streaming (20–30%), and the precise percentage can change from week to week. A growing trend in the early first decade of the 21st century was to", "title": "Billboard Hot 100" }, { "id": "20315179", "text": "The song broke a string of records, including the record for the most plays in a single day on Spotify. Commercially, \"Look What You Made Me Do\" has topped the charts in Australia, Canada, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Lebanon, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Slovakia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It has also received Platinum certifications in Australia, Canada, Italy, Sweden and the United States. It also received Diamond certification in Brazil. The song received a mixed response from music critics. Its music video was directed by Joseph Kahn and upon its release on", "title": "Look What You Made Me Do" }, { "id": "20157728", "text": "Usher, Tyrese, Pusha T, and Wyclef Jean along with labelmates Alicia Keys and Bryson Tiller helped get the word out through Twitter co-signs, shoutouts, and re-posts. In April 2017 Rihanna posted an Instagram clip with H.E.R.'s track \"Focus\" playing in the background. The clip has been viewed over five million times. Additional public support came from Issa Rae of HBO's \"Insecure\", Taraji P. Henson of \"Empire\", Kylie Jenner and Kendall Jenner. The tracks on \"H.E.R. Vol. 1\" have collectively been streamed over 20 million times on Spotify and over 65 million times across all streaming music providers worldwide. NPR listed", "title": "H.E.R." }, { "id": "13011733", "text": "platinum in the US for combined sales plus streaming units , with \"Over\", \"Too Good\", \"Passionfruit\", \"Nice for What\", \"Marvin's Room\", \"Find Your Love\", and \"Energy\". He has also had three exceed 4 million in equivalent units, with \"Take Care\", \"Headlines\", and \"Best I Ever Had\". Three have reached quintuple platinum, with \"Jumpman\", \"Started from the Bottom\", and \"The Motto\". \"Hold On, We're Going Home\" marked his first single to accumulate over six million units, while \"Forever\" became his second in 2018. Two of his singles have reached septuple platinum, which \"Hotline Bling\" and \"One Dance\", while his highest-certified single", "title": "Drake (musician)" }, { "id": "7157380", "text": "electro track). Other notable replays have included: \"People Hold On\", \"Blue Monday\", \"Love to Love You Baby\", \"Love Sensation\", and \"One More Time\". In 2009, Summers replayed \"Street Player\" (originally by Chicago) for the U.S. \"Billboard\" #2 hit \"I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)\" by Pitbull. The Scorccio replay of \"Street Player\" has since become the most successful usage of any sample replay in history, due to the number of sales and media plays of the Pitbull song worldwide. With over 400 million hits to date on YouTube, the song is now ranked as the third most viewed electronic", "title": "Mark Summers" }, { "id": "20959097", "text": "best song of the year. On November 5, 2018, \"Thank U, Next\" broke the record for the most streams received by a song in a single day by a female artist on Spotify, with 8.19 million streams globally, and continued to break this record daily until November 9, when it received 9.6 million streams. The song surpassed 100 million streams in Spotify eleven days after its release on November 14, 2018, becoming the fastest song to do so. \"Thank U, Next\" became the 32nd song to debut at number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart issue dated November", "title": "Thank U, Next (song)" }, { "id": "9204298", "text": "True\", which has sold 240,000 copies to date. The band was viewed with total of over a billion views in YouTube counting only the ones uploaded from their official site alone, were streamed more than 300 million times, and more than 550 million times in Spotify. In 2012, the Official Charts Company listed Westlife 34th amongst the biggest-selling singles artists in British music history. They are currently the sixteenth overall biggest group of all time. As of April 2018, the group has sold more than 55 million records worldwide. They accumulated a total of 26 top ten hits including 14", "title": "Westlife discography" }, { "id": "5871945", "text": "Boyz\" by Missy Elliott featuring Nas, Eve and Q-Tip, and \"Fancy\" by Iggy Azalea and Charli XCX, singles that were number one for 18 weeks from December 1999 to March 2000 and May 2014 to August 2014. Note: Above chart only considers songs that charted in 2004 or later Source: Hot Rap Songs Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles, and also known as Rap Airplay) is a chart released weekly by \"Billboard\" in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio", "title": "Hot Rap Songs" }, { "id": "20135401", "text": "The Pink Panther Theme at a charity event for the opioid epidemic hosted by Hamilton College on April 8, 2018. Under Crowd Records Solomon released his debut single \"Don't Stop\" with an extended version on Spotify in June 2018. The song debuted at No. 39 on Billboard's electronic dance music charts. \"Don't Stop\" was listed in Spotify's 263,361-follower playlist \"Happy Summer Beats\". His Spotify profile has 550,000 monthly listeners with his debut single garnering 1.2 million listens. Shortly after his debut release Solomon opened a Soundcloud account where he posts extended musical sets and concert performances. Solomon married Mary Elizabeth", "title": "David M. Solomon" }, { "id": "16809949", "text": "played on the Top 40. As of December 16, 2012, the song became the first track to be streamed more than a million times in a one-week period on Spotify. In the same week it also became the most-streamed in Spotify's history at the time. In Canada, the song peaked at number one on Canadian Hot 100 for the issue dated December 22, 2012, becoming Mars' third single to reach number one on the chart. It remained atop of it for three consecutive weeks. It also peaked at number one on Canada AC. \"Locked Out of Heaven\" made its first", "title": "Locked Out of Heaven" }, { "id": "17847228", "text": "first number-one on that chart. It held the spot for seven consecutive weeks. It also topped the charts in Canada and New Zealand and had general chart success around the world. It reached the top ten in several countries such as Azalea's native country Australia and the United Kingdom. It is XCX's second top-ten single, after her guest spot on Icona Pop's \"I Love It\" in 2013. \"Fancy\" was named \"Billboard\"s Song of the Summer for 2014, as well as the most-streamed song on Spotify and most-watched music video on Vevo in 2014. It won the Top Rap Song category", "title": "Fancy (Iggy Azalea song)" }, { "id": "20343305", "text": "video has received over 430 million views on YouTube. The song reached number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming Post Malone and 21 Savage's first number-one song. It debuted at number two behind Cardi B's \"Bodak Yellow\", breaking the single week streaming record on Apple Music with over 25 million streams becoming Post Malone's third top 20 hit, following his debut single, \"White Iverson\" and his top 10 hit \"Congratulations\". It stayed behind \"Bodak Yellow\" for three consecutive weeks before reaching the top spot in its fourth week. As of October 2017, the single has sold 165,458 copies", "title": "Rockstar (Post Malone song)" }, { "id": "20036913", "text": "In Portugal, \"Amar pelos dois\" reached number 1 on the singles chart after winning the Eurovision Song Contest 2017. On the Portuguese download chart, the song debuted at number 4, after winning the national final Festival da Canção. In the following week, it climbed to number 3, and topped the chart eventually. It was certified gold by the Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa (AFP), selling over 7,500 units. In Portugal, \"Amar pelos dois\" broke the record held by Ed Sheeran's \"Shape of You\" for the most streams ever in a single day on Spotify, with 75,373 daily streams, and became the only", "title": "Amar pelos dois" }, { "id": "20090376", "text": "\"XO Tour Llif3\" entered the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 top 10 for the chart issued April 4, 2017 at number 49 and peaked at number 7 in May 2017. Spotify recognized the song as one of the most streamed tracks of the summer of 2017 in the US. By September 2017, the song had generated 1.3 billion streams across all streaming platforms, generating $4.5 million with Lil Uzi Vert only earning $900,000. Lil Uzi Vert made an estimated $0.00069231 per play. On March 13, 2017, an animated music video for \"XO Tour Llif3\" was released on Lil Uzi Vert's YouTube channel.", "title": "XO Tour Llif3" }, { "id": "5764780", "text": "peaked atop the chart and stayed at that position for twelve consecutive weeks. \"Yeah!\" became Usher's fourth number-one single, Lil Jon's first and Ludacris' second. The single remained on the Hot 100 for forty-five weeks. \"Yeah!\" became the most played song in the United States in 2004, with Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems reporting the song getting a total of 496,805 plays. The commercial success of \"Yeah!\" and follow-up single \"Burn\" helped sustain \"Confessions\" atop the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart. The single was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on June 11, 2006 for shipping one million", "title": "Yeah! (Usher song)" }, { "id": "16321185", "text": "DeGeneres Show,\" The Late Late Show with James Corden, and Good Morning America. By the end of March 2016, \"7 Years\" had achieved around 225 million total listens on Spotify worldwide with 17.2 million listeners per month, making the band the 20th most popular artist on the service. On 1 April 2016, the self-titled global debut was officially released in the United States by Warner Bros. Records. The US release of the album received new artwork, a reworked track listing, and a wider global audience in countries including, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. The album reached No.", "title": "Lukas Graham" }, { "id": "19980210", "text": "with the music video for his song \"Sorry\" to become the fastest video on the site to reach the milestone. The video became the first on YouTube to receive three billion, four billion, and five billion views on August 4, 2017; October 11, 2017; and April 5, 2018, respectively \"(dates are based on UTC)\". It has received over 5.8 billion views as of December 18, 2018 and has been the most viewed video on the site since August 4, 2017, when it surpassed the music video for \"See You Again\" by Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth. It is also the", "title": "Despacito" }, { "id": "15329811", "text": "- reaching it in 68 weeks, just behind Adele's \"Rolling in the Deep\" which achieved it in 67 weeks - and the third-biggest selling digital single since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking digital sales in 2003. It has sold 8.1 million copies in the US as of October 2016 and over one million copies in the UK. It is the US's third all-time best-selling digital single. The song spent eleven weeks at number one in New Zealand and ten weeks in Australia. In New Zealand, it is the longest-running number one single since Smashproof's hit single \"Brother\" in 2009, with over", "title": "Party Rock Anthem" }, { "id": "5393582", "text": "named the Digital Songs Artist of the 2000s century, the top Hot 100 artist of the 2000s century, as well as the all-time top Pop Songs artist by \"Billboard\". Additionally, she is Spotify and Apple Musics most streamed female artist of all time. Among numerous awards and accolades, Rihanna has won nine Grammy Awards, thirteen American Music Awards and twelve \"Billboard\" Music Awards. She currently holds six Guinness World Records. Furthermore, she was awarded with the inaugural American Music Award for Icon in 2013 and the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award in 2016. Rihanna received the Fashion Icon lifetime achievement", "title": "Rihanna" }, { "id": "13812489", "text": "TradeDoubler which had acquired Ek's previous company Advertigo. In October 2008, the company launched its legal music streaming service Spotify. Initially, Spotify ran on a peer-to-peer distribution model, similar to uTorrent, but switched to a server-client model in 2014. Ek serves as CEO of Spotify. In October 2015, Spotify Co-Founder Martin Lorentzon announced he would be stepping down as Chairman and Ek would be taking over alongside his current role as CEO. As of June 2017, Spotify has 140 million active users and has raised over $2.5 billion in venture funding. In 2017, Daniel Ek was named as the most", "title": "Daniel Ek" }, { "id": "5840946", "text": "thirteen. It also reached number 55 in the UK Singles Chart. The song is highly popular on the radio; according to the performing-rights organization Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI), it became the most-played song of all time on American radio in 1997 with over 7 million airplays (all versions), overtaking the Beatles' \"Yesterday\". At the end of 1999, the song was ranked by the BMI as the most-played song of the 20th century, having been broadcast more than 8 million times on American radio and television, and it remains the most-played song, having accumulated almost 15 million airplays in the US", "title": "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" }, { "id": "17139241", "text": "with YouTube\". The first number-one song on the chart was \"Thrift Shop\" by Macklemore & Ryan Lewis featuring Wanz on January 19, 2013. Source: Source: Streaming Songs The Streaming Songs chart is released weekly by \"Billboard\" magazine and lists each week's top streamed radio songs, on-demand songs and videos on leading online music services in the United States. The chart represents one of the three components, along with airplay (Hot 100 Airplay) and sales (Hot Digital Songs and Hot Singles Sales), that determine the chart positions of songs on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, which ranks the most popular songs in", "title": "Streaming Songs" }, { "id": "17119925", "text": "Country Airplay Country Airplay is a chart published weekly by \"Billboard\" magazine in the United States since January 20, 1990. This chart lists the 60 most-listened-to records played on 150 mainstream country radio stations across the country as monitored by Nielsen BDS, weighted to each station's Nielsen ratings. The first number-one song was \"Nobody's Home\" by Clint Black. The current number-one song, as of the chart dated December 22, 2018, is \"Speechless\" by Dan + Shay. Throughout its history of ranking country songs by popularity, \"Billboard\" has had several different airplay-only charts to measure the top-played songs on radio stations.", "title": "Country Airplay" }, { "id": "9685894", "text": "UK number-one single. It also became Harris's highest-charting solo single on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, peaking at number seven. \"Summer\" was Spotify's most-streamed track of 2014 with over 200 million streams. Harris also produced the single \"I Will Never Let You Down\" for British singer, Rita Ora. On 18 May 2014, the song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart, two weeks after his song, \"Summer\", debuted at the top of the charts. In April 2014, Harris performed on the main stage of Coachella Festival. His set attracted the second largest crowd in the festival's history, topped", "title": "Calvin Harris" }, { "id": "19798177", "text": "Love\" which served as the first promotional single for the album. The single rose in popularity after being used in an Extra gum commercial that became a viral sensation online. The single has since peaked at number 16 on the US AC chart, selling approximately 200,000 units as of May 2016, and having been streamed more than 32,000,000 times on Spotify, making it her most streamed single through the streaming service. The single was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on February 17, 2017. Reinhart's third studio album, \"What's That Sound?\", was released September 22, 2017 through", "title": "Haley Reinhart discography" }, { "id": "19800090", "text": "in-built, so judicious use of the skip function is required, but this is high-quality filler.\" Worldwide, on the day of its release, \"More Life\" broke streaming records on both Spotify and Apple Music. The tracks of the album achieved a total of 61.3 million streams on Spotify in a single day, breaking the previous record of 56.7 million for \"÷\" by Ed Sheeran, in early March 2017. On Apple Music, the tracks of the album achieved a total of 89.9 million streams on the day of release (not including the number of listeners during the \"OVO Sound Radio\" debut of", "title": "More Life" }, { "id": "19942722", "text": "\"÷\", following \"Shape of You\" and \"Castle on the Hill\". The next week, \"Perfect\" hit top five on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming the second-highest-charting hit from his album \"÷\", following \"Shape of You\". \"Perfect\" became Sheeran's third top five hit overall; his first, \"Thinking Out Loud\", rose to number two in 2015. \"Perfect\" remained at number three on Digital Song Sales (60,000, down 6 percent) and powered 10–6 on Radio Songs (80 million, up 10 percent) and 38–15 on Streaming Songs (18.9 million, up 61 percent). On 4 December 2017, \"Perfect\" pushed to a new number three \"Billboard\" Hot", "title": "Perfect (Ed Sheeran song)" }, { "id": "15780786", "text": "and started to be his best friend because he helped Jose to write the new song, along with the single \"Ay Vamos\", bolstered sales of his album \"La Familia\" (2014). In 2016, he released \"Energia\", which included the hit singles \"Ginza\", \"Bobo\", \"Safari\", and \"Sigo Extranandote\". In June 2017, J Balvin released the single \"Mi Gente\" with Willy William. On 1 August 2017, \"Mi Gente\" topped the Global Top 50 on Spotify, and later reached one billion views on YouTube. In January 2018, he released the hit single \"Machika\" featuring Jeon and Anitta. He collaborated with Cardi B and Bad", "title": "J Balvin" }, { "id": "18391331", "text": "year. Later the same month, the song was voted into Triple J's Hottest 100 at number 6. Ronson won two Grammy Awards in February 2016, including Record of the Year for \"Uptown Funk.\" The song is reported to earn $100,000 for the label and composers per week for streaming on Spotify alone and has more than three billion completed views on YouTube. The song had sold over twenty million equivalent units as of 2015. On 29 November 2014, \"Uptown Funk\" debuted at number 63 on the Canadian Hot 100. On the issue dated 10 January 2015, the song reached number", "title": "Uptown Funk" }, { "id": "19930542", "text": "the UK. \"Shape of You\" was the best selling-song of 2017 and the best selling digital song worldwide, with combined sales and track-equivalent streams of 26.6 million units according to IFPI. The song won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards. Currently, \"Billboard\" has ranked \"Shape of You\" as the ninth most successful song of all-time, as the magazine celebrated the Hot 100's 60th anniversary. The song was the last song written for Sheeran's third album \"÷\". On 6 January 2017, when hosting \"The Radio 1 Breakfast Show\", Sheeran revealed that \"Shape of", "title": "Shape of You" }, { "id": "12672586", "text": "New Zealand and parts of Africa and Asia. It is available for most modern devices, including Windows, macOS, and Linux computers, iOS, Windows Phone and Android smartphones and tablets, as well as TVs via factory-installed means, Roku Players, Amazon Fire TV devices, the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One home consoles. Music can be browsed through or searched for by parameters such as artist, album, genre, playlist, or record label. Users can create, edit, and share playlists and tracks on social media, and make playlists with other users. Spotify provides access to more than 40 million songs. As of", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "17750571", "text": "ten, marking Clean Bandit's and Glynne's first US top 10. The song was a remarkable success worldwide, topping the charts in 13 different countries. Upon its release \"Rather Be\" held the record for the most streams in a single week on Spotify in the United Kingdom. The track received 1.09 million plays over seven days in February 2014, surpassing the record previously held by Daft Punk's \"Get Lucky\", although this record has now been surpassed. The song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart. It became the fasting-selling single of 2014, selling 163,000 copies in its first week.", "title": "Rather Be" }, { "id": "16196473", "text": "performance of \"Set Fire to the Rain\" by Adele, respectively. On December 11, 2012, \"Call Me Maybe\" was named \"Song of the Year\" for 2012 by MTV. In its 2012 Year-End issue, \"Billboard\" magazine ranked this song #2 in the Hot 100 Songs, Digital Songs, and Canadian Hot 100 charts, in each case behind \"Somebody That I Used to Know\", by Gotye featuring Kimbra. The song was also ranked number one by the Village Voice's annual Pazz and Jop poll, which compiles the votes of music critics from all over the United States. The song was the best-selling single worldwide", "title": "Call Me Maybe" }, { "id": "13241678", "text": "by Vevo because it was not associated with them until four days after its release to YouTube. Both the YouTube and Vevo records were eventually eclipsed by Taylor Swift's \"Look What You Made Me Do\" on August 27, 2017, which gained 43.2 million views in 24 hours. On November 30, 2018, Ariana Grande's \"Thank U, Next\" beat Swift's record, accumulating 55.4 million views in 24 hours, as well as beating BTS' \"Idol\" YouTube record of 45 million views. Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber, and Miley Cyrus have all broken the record twice. List of videos which held the record for most", "title": "Vevo" }, { "id": "844074", "text": "mixed reviews. The album topped the charts in the UK, the US and most major markets. It received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Pop Vocal Album, and \"A Sky Full of Stars\" was nominated for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance. In December 2014, Spotify named Coldplay the most-streamed band in the world for 2014, and third most-streamed artist behind Ed Sheeran and Eminem. On 4 December 2014, Chris Martin announced in an interview with Zane Lowe on BBC Radio 1 that Coldplay are in the middle of working on their seventh studio album, \"A Head Full of Dreams\". Martin stated", "title": "Coldplay" }, { "id": "18407434", "text": "sales of his second album \"Born Sinner\" (2013), by 74,000 copies (297,000 copies). In addition to the album's sales toppling early projections by over 100,000 copies, \"2014 Forest Hills Drive\" also broke One Direction's record for most album streams on Spotify, being streamed over 15.7 million times in its first week, compared to One Direction's 11.5 million streams. Drake later broke this record with 17.3 million streams for his mixtape \"If You're Reading This It's Too Late\". In its second week, the album sold 135,000 more copies. Cole became one of only six rappers to reach number one with their", "title": "2014 Forest Hills Drive" }, { "id": "7400471", "text": "100 Greatest Artists of All Time lists. In 2010, MTV Portugal ranked Eminem the seventh-biggest icon in pop-music history. He was the bestselling artist from 2000 to 2009 in the US according to Nielsen SoundScan, and has sold 47.4 million albums in the country. With global sales of 220 million records, he is one of the world's best-selling artists of all time. Eminem has over ten billion views of his music videos on his YouTube Vevo page. In 2010, Eminem's music generated 94 million streams (more than any other musical artist), and in May 2014 Spotify called him the most-streamed", "title": "Eminem" }, { "id": "1453552", "text": "4 weeks (as of 24 May) and the Spotify music streaming website reported that the song is the most-streamed new song in the service's history. At the \"2013 MTV Video Music Awards\", Daft Punk debuted a trailer for their single \"Lose Yourself to Dance,\" and presented the award for \"Best Female Video\" alongside Rodgers and Pharrell. For the 56th Annual Grammy Awards, \"Random Access Memories\" was awarded the Grammy for Best Dance/Electronica Album, Album of the Year and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical, while \"Get Lucky\" received the Grammy for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance and the Record of the Year. Daft", "title": "Daft Punk" }, { "id": "13011687", "text": "up with various promotional videos. On October 15, \"One Dance\" became Spotify's most-streamed song ever, amassing over 882 million plays . \"Views\" was previewed in London, before its premiere on Beats 1 a day later. It was released as an Apple Music and iTunes exclusive on April 29, before being made available to various other platforms later that week. \"Views\" would become Drake's most commercially successful album, sitting atop the \"Billboard\" 200 for ten nonconsecutive weeks, as well as simultaneously leading the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and the \"Billboard\" 200 for eight weeks. It also achieved double-platinum status in the US,", "title": "Drake (musician)" }, { "id": "20768773", "text": "Memorial Park, in Boca Raton, Florida. On June 19, the day after Onfroy’s death, \"Billboard\" reported that Taylor Swift's Spotify single-day streaming record for \"Look What You Made Me Do\" was broken by Onfroy's track \"Sad!\", with over 10.4 million streams compared to Swift's 10.1 million streams. This was followed by a 16-fold sales increase across all streaming and download platforms, including a 7000-fold sales increase in CDs on Amazon.com. Onfroy's album \"?\" was expected to return to the top five the week of his death following his murder, ultimately reaching number three with 90,000 album-equivalent units sold, up from", "title": "Murder of XXXTentacion" }, { "id": "17960231", "text": "Harmony's duet with Pitbull, was released as the third single from the Spotify 11-track re-release of the album, and charted in some Spanish-speaking countries. The group also released \"Can You See\", a song from the soundtrack to \"The Star\", and later released a Spotify-exclusive EP, \"Spotify Singles\", which included exclusive live performances of \"He Like That\" and \"Can You See\", as well as a cover of Calvin Harris' \"Feels\". Their 2016 hit, \"Work from Home\" featuring Ty Dolla $ign remains the most viewed girl group music video on YouTube and 30th overall with more than 1.9 billion views. \"That's My", "title": "Fifth Harmony discography" }, { "id": "12672647", "text": "claims, for instance, that the Sandy Hook Massacre where 20 children were killed in 2012 was a government hoax. It has, however, decided to remove some of his media content. Spotify Spotify Ltd. () is a music streaming platform developed by Swedish company Spotify Technology S.A., headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden and listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Launched on 7 October 2008, it is currently (as of 14 November 2018) available in 78 countries and regions throughout the world. It provides DRM-protected content from record labels and media companies. Spotify is a freemium service; basic features are free with", "title": "Spotify" }, { "id": "522227", "text": "Shaped Rock and Roll. In 2004 the song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. , \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" is the second most played song on British radio, in clubs and on jukeboxes collectively, after Procol Harum's \"A Whiter Shade of Pale\". On 30 September 2007 for BBC Radio 1's 40th birthday, it was revealed on \"The Radio 1 Chart Show\" that \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" had been the most played song since Radio 1's launch. In December 2018, \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" officially became the most-streamed song from the 20th century, surpassing Nirvana's “Smells Like Teen Spirit” and Guns N' Roses' “Sweet Child", "title": "Bohemian Rhapsody" }, { "id": "17477830", "text": "also set airplay records in both of the charts, by becoming the most weekly-played song in history, with 16,065 and 5,309 plays per week, respectively. The song has also reached the top spot on both the Adult contemporary chart and Hot Dance Club Songs. In addition to this, the track also reached number one on both the On Demand and Streaming charts, with a weekly peak of 2.1 million and 12 million, respectively. \"Roar\" surpassed digital sales of four million in its seventeenth week, faster than any other song in digital history. Its sales reached 4.41 million by the end", "title": "Roar (song)" } ]	what is the most played song ever on spotify
[ "Mark Lenard" ]	[ { "id": "3772574", "text": "Mark Lenard Mark Lenard (born Leonard Rosenson, October 15, 1924 – November 22, 1996) was an American actor, primarily in television. His most famous role was as Sarek, father of the popular character Spock, in the science fiction \"Star Trek\" franchise, in both and , as well as three films and two episodes of \"\". He also played a Klingon in \"Star Trek The Motion Picture\", and a Romulan in an episode of \"\". Lenard was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of a Russian Jewish immigrant, Abraham, and his wife, Bessie, but was raised in the small town of", "title": "Mark Lenard" }, { "id": "3772580", "text": "Boys in Autumn\". Lenard played a late middle-aged Huck Finn who re-encounters his childhood friend Tom Sawyer after a lifetime apart. Koenig played Sawyer. Lenard died of multiple myeloma in New York City in 1996 at the age of 72. Mark Lenard Mark Lenard (born Leonard Rosenson, October 15, 1924 – November 22, 1996) was an American actor, primarily in television. His most famous role was as Sarek, father of the popular character Spock, in the science fiction \"Star Trek\" franchise, in both and , as well as three films and two episodes of \"\". He also played a Klingon", "title": "Mark Lenard" }, { "id": "1288046", "text": "Sarek Sarek is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" media franchise. He is a Vulcan astrophysicist, the Vulcan ambassador to the United Federation of Planets, and father of Spock. The character was originally played by Mark Lenard in the episode \"Journey to Babel\" (1967) (Lenard previously portrayed a Romulan Commander in another episode of the original series, \"Balance of Terror\") (1966). Lenard later voiced Sarek in the , and appeared in Star Trek movies and the series \"\". Actor Jonathan Simpson played a younger Sarek in a brief scene in \"\", with voice-over provided by Lenard. Ben Cross portrayed", "title": "Sarek" }, { "id": "1288061", "text": "following episodes and films: Sarek Sarek is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" media franchise. He is a Vulcan astrophysicist, the Vulcan ambassador to the United Federation of Planets, and father of Spock. The character was originally played by Mark Lenard in the episode \"Journey to Babel\" (1967) (Lenard previously portrayed a Romulan Commander in another episode of the original series, \"Balance of Terror\") (1966). Lenard later voiced Sarek in the , and appeared in Star Trek movies and the series \"\". Actor Jonathan Simpson played a younger Sarek in a brief scene in \"\", with voice-over provided by", "title": "Sarek" }, { "id": "3108597", "text": "mysterious recurring character named Eric Renard. He appeared in the second season of \"Gotham\" as Azrael. He currently portrays Sarek, the father of Spock, on \"\", the second prequel TV series in the Star Trek franchise. In 2004, Frain married director Marta Cunningham; they have two children. In his spare time, he is an amateur artist. James Frain James Dominic Frain (born 14 March 1968) is an English stage and screen actor. His best known roles include those of Thomas Cromwell in the TV series \"The Tudors\" (2007–2009), vampire Franklin Mott in season three of the HBO drama \"True Blood\",", "title": "James Frain" }, { "id": "3772576", "text": "Nothing\". In the mid-1960s, he moved his family to Los Angeles, where he played one of the Three Wise Men in the biblical epic \"The Greatest Story Ever Told\" (1965). Lenard is best known for his appearances in the \"Star Trek\" franchise, particularly in the role of Sarek, the father of Spock (Leonard Nimoy). However, his first Star Trek appearance was in the first season of \"\", playing the first Romulan ever seen in the series, in the episode \"Balance of Terror\" (1966). He originated the character of Sarek in the second-season episode \"Journey to Babel\" (1967), and provided the", "title": "Mark Lenard" }, { "id": "8826770", "text": "make appearances. Several actors from \"Here Come the Brides\" had also appeared on \"Star Trek\". Mark Lenard played Aaron Stemple, whom the novel implies was Spock's ancestor. Lenard also played the role of Sarek, Spock's father, in the original \"Star Trek\" TV series, as well as a Romulan commander in the episode \"Balance of Terror\" (the first time the Romulans are seen in the series). The actor playing Jason Bolt (the eldest brother) was Robert Brown who played \"Lazarus\" in the \"Star Trek\" episode \"The Alternative Factor.\" The actor playing Joshua Bolt (a younger brother) was David Soul who played", "title": "Ishmael (Star Trek)" }, { "id": "895514", "text": "final role in the film consists of one line of dialogue and a reaction shot. Mark Lenard and Jane Wyatt play Spock's parents, Ambassador Sarek and Amanda Grayson, respectively, with Wyatt reprising the role she had previously played in the 1967 episode \"Journey to Babel\". Wyatt commented that although she generally disliked working with actors who were directing, she found Nimoy an exception because he could concentrate on being part of the cast as well as setting up the crew. Robin Curtis reprises the role of Saavik, a Starfleet lieutenant. Saavik's role is minimal in the film—originally, she was intended", "title": "Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home" }, { "id": "4142122", "text": "played both Spock's father and his maternal ancestor. Jane Wyatt who played Spock's mother in the original series, made a guest appearance in the show's second season. She did not have any scenes with Mark Lenard. Aside from Lenard, other \"Star Trek\" guest cast members were series regulars: Robert Brown (both of the Lazaruses in \"The Alternative Factor\"), David Soul (Makora in \"\"), and semi-regular Carole Shelyne (the visible representation of a Metron in \"\", whose voice Vic Perrin provided in that installment). Here Come the Brides Here Come the Brides is an American comedy Western series from Screen Gems", "title": "Here Come the Brides" }, { "id": "1961781", "text": "new form of life that disappears into another dimension. With Earth saved, Kirk directs \"Enterprise\" out to space for future missions. Other actors from the television series who returned included Majel Barrett as Christine Chapel, a doctor aboard the \"Enterprise\", and Grace Lee Whitney as Janice Rand, formerly one of Kirk's yeomen. David Gautreaux, who had been cast as Xon in the aborted second television series, cameos as Branch, the commander of the Epsilon 9 communications station. Mark Lenard portrays the Klingon commander in the film's opening sequence; the actor also played Spock's father, Sarek, in the television series and", "title": "Star Trek: The Motion Picture" }, { "id": "1659351", "text": "and was impressed by his ability to play powerful villains. Lloyd was given the role of Kruge, a Klingon interested in securing the powerful secrets of Genesis for use as a weapon. Nimoy said that Lloyd brought a welcome element of theatricality to the role. Mark Lenard plays Sarek, Spock's father and a Vulcan ambassador. Lenard had previously played the role in the \"\" episode \"Journey to Babel\" and the \"\" episode \"\". Merritt Butrick reprises his role as David Marcus, Kirk's son and a scientist who had helped develop the Genesis Device, from \"The Wrath of Khan\". Other roles", "title": "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock" }, { "id": "3219077", "text": "Yesteryear (Star Trek: The Animated Series) \"Yesteryear\" is the second episode of the first season of the animated American science fiction television series \"\". It first aired in the NBC Saturday morning lineup on September 15, 1973, and was written by veteran \"\" writer D. C. Fontana. \"Yesteryear\" marked the return of actor Mark Lenard to the role of Spock's father, Sarek. In this episode, \"Enterprise\" First Officer Spock must travel in time to his childhood and keep his younger self from dying and being replaced by an Andorian on his ship. On stardate 5373.4, Captain Kirk and Spock return", "title": "Yesteryear (Star Trek: The Animated Series)" }, { "id": "4142121", "text": "(spelled \"Stemple\" in the book) before he could thwart an attempted 19th-century alien invasion of Earth. During most of the story, Spock has lost his memory and is cared for by Stempel, who passes him off as his nephew \"Ishmael\" and helps him hide his alien origins. At the end of the story, Captain Kirk discovers that Stempel was one of Spock's mother's ancestors, a reference to the fact that Mark Lenard also played Spock's father Sarek in episodes of the original \"Star Trek\" and \"\", as well as several of the \"Star Trek\" motion pictures. In that sense, Lenard", "title": "Here Come the Brides" }, { "id": "644318", "text": "Leonard Nimoy Leonard Simon Nimoy (; March 26, 1931 – February 27, 2015) was an American actor, film director, photographer, author, singer and songwriter. He was best known for his role as Spock of the \"Star Trek\" franchise, a character he portrayed in television and film from shot in late 1964 to his final film performance in 2013. Nimoy began his career in his early twenties, teaching acting classes in Hollywood and making minor film and television appearances through the 1950s, as well as playing the title role in \"Kid Monk Baroni\". Foreshadowing his fame as a semi-alien, he played", "title": "Leonard Nimoy" }, { "id": "644378", "text": "Friendship with a Remarkable Man\". The book was released on February 16, 2016. Leonard Nimoy Leonard Simon Nimoy (; March 26, 1931 – February 27, 2015) was an American actor, film director, photographer, author, singer and songwriter. He was best known for his role as Spock of the \"Star Trek\" franchise, a character he portrayed in television and film from shot in late 1964 to his final film performance in 2013. Nimoy began his career in his early twenties, teaching acting classes in Hollywood and making minor film and television appearances through the 1950s, as well as playing the title", "title": "Leonard Nimoy" }, { "id": "6907898", "text": "Sarek (Star Trek: The Next Generation) \"Sarek\" is the 23rd episode of the of the American science fiction television series \"\", and the 71st episode overall. It was originally released on May 14, 1990, in broadcast syndication. The story for the episode was created by Marc Cushman and Jake Jacobs, with the teleplay written by Peter S. Beagle. \"Sarek\" was directed by Les Landau. In this episode, Sarek (Mark Lenard), the father of Spock and a highly regarded but elderly ambassador, is ferried by the \"Enterprise\" on his final mission for the Federation. While he is aboard the ship, the", "title": "Sarek (Star Trek: The Next Generation)" }, { "id": "11795853", "text": "Jacob Kogan Jacob Pavlovich Kogan (born May 28, 1995) is an American actor. He is perhaps best known for playing the title role in the 2007 psychological thriller \"Joshua\" and as the young Spock in J. J. Abrams' \"Star Trek\". Kogan was born in New York City to author and photographer Deborah Copaken Kogan and Russian-born child actor Paul Kogan. Paul emigrated from Moscow, Russia (then in the Soviet Union). Kogan has two younger siblings; a sister, Sasha (born March 1997) and a brother, Leo (born May 2006). His mother's family were Jewish immigrants from Russia, Ukraine and Lithuania and", "title": "Jacob Kogan" }, { "id": "18251438", "text": "Star Trek Beyond Star Trek Beyond is a 2016 American space opera film directed by Justin Lin and written by Simon Pegg and Doug Jung, based on the television series \"Star Trek\" created by Gene Roddenberry. It is the thirteenth film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise and the third installment in the reboot series, following \"Star Trek\" (2009) and \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" (2013). Chris Pine and Zachary Quinto reprise their respective roles as Captain James T. Kirk and Commander Spock, with Pegg, Karl Urban, Zoe Saldana, John Cho, and Anton Yelchin reprising their roles from the previous films.", "title": "Star Trek Beyond" }, { "id": "6907905", "text": "current wife Perrin. With the conference successfully completed, Sarek prepares to take his leave. Picard lets Perrin know of Sarek's love for her, and Perrin says she has always known it. Sarek thanks Picard for his kindness, and with deep respect states: \"We will always retain the best part of the other, inside us.\" Following creator Gene Roddenberry's suggestion that \"The Next Generation\" would be unable to afford an appearance by Leonard Nimoy as Spock, it was suggested in a memo that Mark Lenard could appear as Spock's on-screen father, Sarek. Lenard had made his first appearance as Sarek in", "title": "Sarek (Star Trek: The Next Generation)" }, { "id": "7752865", "text": "Zachary Quinto Zachary John Quinto (; born June 2, 1977) is an American actor and film producer. He is best known for his roles as Sylar on the science fiction drama series \"Heroes\" (2006–2010), Spock in the reboot \"Star Trek\" (2009) and its sequels \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" (2013) and \"Star Trek Beyond\" (2016), as well as his Emmy nominated performance in \"\". His other film roles include \"Margin Call\", \"What's Your Number?\", \"\", \"Snowden\", and \"Hotel Artemis\". He also appeared in smaller roles on television series such as \"So NoTORIous\", \"The Slap\", and \"24\". Quinto was born in Pittsburgh,", "title": "Zachary Quinto" }, { "id": "644382", "text": "troubled childhood due to his mixed heritage. On his homeworld, he was repeatedly bullied and tormented by full-blooded Vulcan children, who wished to incite the emotions of his human nature. For a time, he grew up alongside his older half-brother Sybok, until the older brother was cast out for rejecting logic. In the episode \"Amok Time\", it is revealed that Spock became betrothed to T'Pring (Arlene Martel) during his childhood. Sarek supported Spock's scientific learning and supporting his application to the Vulcan Science Academy, as mentioned in \"Journey to Babel\". In the 2009 film \"Star Trek\", Spock is seen rejecting", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "644422", "text": "show him their work and discuss it with him as if he were a scientific peer, as opposed to an actor, photographer, and poet. His stock response in these situations was \"it certainly looks like you're headed in the right direction\". In 2004, Spock was ranked number 21 in Bravo's list of The 100 Greatest TV Characters. In 2008, UGO named Spock one of the 50 greatest TV characters. According to Shatner, much of \"Star Trek\"s acting praise and media interest went to Nimoy. In 2016, Adam Nimoy released his documentary film \"For the Love of Spock\", about his father", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "17031204", "text": "Star Trek: The Original Series (season 1) The first season of the American science fiction television series . premiered on NBC on September 8, 1966 and concluded on April 13, 1967. It consisted of twenty-nine episodes, which is the highest number of episodes in a season of The Original Series of \"Star Trek\". Star Trek: The Original Series is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry, and the original series of the Star Trek franchise. It features William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, Leonard Nimoy as Spock and DeForest Kelley as Leonard McCoy. This article also", "title": "Star Trek: The Original Series (season 1)" }, { "id": "17031207", "text": "the second season of . <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> The season was released on DVD and Blu-ray by Paramount Home Entertainment. Star Trek: The Original Series (season 2) The second and penultimate season of the American science fiction television series , premiered on NBC on September 15, 1967 and concluded on March 29, 1968. It consisted of twenty-six episodes. Star Trek: The Original Series is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry, and the original series of the Star Trek franchise. It features William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, Leonard Nimoy as Spock and DeForest Kelley as Leonard", "title": "Star Trek: The Original Series (season 2)" }, { "id": "11892881", "text": "or \"\"TOS\"\" debuted in the United States on NBC on September 8, 1966. The show tells the tale of the crew of the starship \"Enterprise\" and its five-year mission \"to boldly go where no man has gone before.\" The original 1966–69 television series featured William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, Leonard Nimoy as Spock, DeForest Kelley as Dr. Leonard \"Bones\" McCoy, James Doohan as Montgomery \"Scotty\" Scott, Nichelle Nichols as Uhura, George Takei as Hikaru Sulu, and Walter Koenig as Pavel Chekov. During the series' original run, it earned several nominations for the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation", "title": "Star Trek" }, { "id": "17031206", "text": "Star Trek: The Original Series (season 2) The second and penultimate season of the American science fiction television series , premiered on NBC on September 15, 1967 and concluded on March 29, 1968. It consisted of twenty-six episodes. Star Trek: The Original Series is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry, and the original series of the Star Trek franchise. It features William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, Leonard Nimoy as Spock and DeForest Kelley as Leonard McCoy. The season originally aired Fridays at 8:30-9:30 pm (EST) on NBC. This is a list of episodes from", "title": "Star Trek: The Original Series (season 2)" }, { "id": "17031208", "text": "Star Trek: The Original Series (season 3) The third and final season of the American science fiction television series , premiered on NBC on September 20, 1968 and concluded on June 3, 1969. It consisted of twenty-four episodes. Star Trek: The Original Series is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry, and the original series of the Star Trek franchise. It features William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, Leonard Nimoy as Spock and DeForest Kelley as Leonard McCoy. This is the first season to air after NBC moved the show from 8:30 P.M. to 10 P.M.", "title": "Star Trek: The Original Series (season 3)" }, { "id": "2795395", "text": "Unification (Star Trek: The Next Generation) \"Unification\" is a two-part episode of the syndicated American science fiction television series \"\", from the , which features Leonard Nimoy as Spock. It earned a 15.4 household Nielsen rating, drawing over 25 million viewers, making it one of the most watched episodes in all seven seasons of \"The Next Generation\"s run. Hearing that legendary Starfleet officer Spock may have defected to the Romulan Empire, Picard travels to Vulcan to talk to Spock's father, former ambassador Sarek, who is near death from the ravages of Bendii Syndrome. In a rare lucid moment, Sarek discloses", "title": "Unification (Star Trek: The Next Generation)" }, { "id": "7752880", "text": "serious accusation that he attempted to molest one.\" Zachary Quinto Zachary John Quinto (; born June 2, 1977) is an American actor and film producer. He is best known for his roles as Sylar on the science fiction drama series \"Heroes\" (2006–2010), Spock in the reboot \"Star Trek\" (2009) and its sequels \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" (2013) and \"Star Trek Beyond\" (2016), as well as his Emmy nominated performance in \"\". His other film roles include \"Margin Call\", \"What's Your Number?\", \"\", \"Snowden\", and \"Hotel Artemis\". He also appeared in smaller roles on television series such as \"So NoTORIous\", \"The", "title": "Zachary Quinto" }, { "id": "644379", "text": "Spock Spock is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" media franchise. Spock was first portrayed by Leonard Nimoy in the , and also appears in the , a two-part episode of \"\", eight of the \"Star Trek\" feature films, and numerous Star Trek novels, comics, and video games. In addition, numerous actors portrayed the various stages of Spock's rapid growth, due to the effects of the Genesis Planet, in the 1984 Star Trek film \"\". In the 2009 film \"Star Trek\", Nimoy reprised his role with Zachary Quinto, who depicted a younger version of the character, existing within an", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "644407", "text": "known mention of Spock was in a conversation between \"Star Trek\"s creator Gene Roddenberry and actor Gary Lockwood, in which Lockwood suggested Leonard Nimoy for the role. The trio had previously worked together on Roddenberry's \"The Lieutenant\" in the episode \"In the Highest Tradition\". Roddenberry agreed to the idea, but was required to audition other actors for the part. At the time, Roddenberry sought DeForest Kelley to play the doctor character in the pilot, \"The Cage\", but both NBC executives and director Robert Butler wanted him to play Spock. Roddenberry offered the part to both Kelley and Martin Landau, but", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "18251475", "text": "sci-fi popcorn movie in an increasingly crowded market, that will likely have you leaving the theatre feeling exactly as you entered.\" Chris Nashawaty of \"Entertainment Weekly\" gave the film a C+ and wrote, \"[w]ith \"Beyond\", it feels like just another summer tentpole with not enough going on underneath the tent.\" Pine and Quinto have signed contracts to return as Kirk and Spock for a fourth film should one be made. In July 2016, Abrams confirmed plans for a fourth film and stated that Chris Hemsworth would return as Kirk's father, George, whom he played in the prologue of the first", "title": "Star Trek Beyond" }, { "id": "644380", "text": "alternate timeline. Both reprised their roles in the 2013 sequel \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" and Quinto reprised his role again in 2016's \"Star Trek Beyond\". Spock serves aboard the starship \"Enterprise\", as science officer and first officer, and later as commanding officer of two iterations of the vessel. Spock's mixed human-Vulcan heritage serves as an important plot element in many of the character's appearances. Along with Captain James T. Kirk and Dr. Leonard \"Bones\" McCoy, he is one of the three central characters in the original \"Star Trek\" series and its films. After retiring from Starfleet, Spock serves as a", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "6382982", "text": "Orion Starfleet cadet; Deep Roy as Scotty's alien (Royla) assistant Keenser; and Paul McGillion as a Starfleet barracks leader. Chris Doohan, the son of the original Scotty, James Doohan, makes a cameo appearance in the transporter room as Lt. Kyle. Some characters had their scenes substantially or entirely cut from the film, including Brad William Henke as Kirk's stepfather (the character's lines in the film were provided by Greg Grunberg). Spencer Daniels originally played Kirk's older brother, George Samuel \"Sam\" Kirk, Jr., but the majority of his scenes were cut and the opening car chase scene where Kirk can be", "title": "Star Trek (film)" }, { "id": "7058275", "text": "\"Trek\" storylines. The character Hiro Nakamura on NBC's \"Heroes\" likes to describe his ability to teleport as \"like \"Star Trek\"\", and has often performed Mr. Spock's Vulcan salute. His father is played by original \"Star Trek\" cast member George Takei (Sulu). Additionally, Nichelle Nichols, who portrayed Uhura on \"The Original Series\" also appears on the series. Over a dozen actors from various \"Star Trek\" series have made guest appearances on one or the other of the \"Stargate\" series. In those series, Colonel Jack O'Neill makes unsuccessful pitches to name new space vessels after the \"Enterprise\", and also gives the Vulcan", "title": "Cultural influence of Star Trek" }, { "id": "6382969", "text": "Star Trek (film) Star Trek is a 2009 American space opera film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman. It is the eleventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise, and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the rebooted film series. The film follows James T. Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock (Zachary Quinto) aboard USS \"Enterprise\" as they combat Nero (Eric Bana), a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets. The story takes place in an", "title": "Star Trek (film)" }, { "id": "6382981", "text": "what feels right instead of what is logical. Spock remains in Starfleet, becoming first officer under Kirk's command. \"Enterprise\" goes to warp as the elder Spock speaks the \"where no one has gone before\" monologue. Chris Hemsworth plays George Kirk, James Tiberius Kirk's father, who dies aboard USS \"Kelvin\" while battling Nero. Mark Wahlberg was also approached for the role. Faran Tahir plays \"Kelvin\" captain Richard Robau. Winona Kirk, Kirk's mother, is played by Jennifer Morrison. Greg Ellis plays Chief Engineer Olson, the redshirt who is killed during the space jump. Additional minor roles include Rachel Nichols as Gaila, an", "title": "Star Trek (film)" }, { "id": "358492", "text": "by the main cast's stunt doubles. Initially, the entire principal cast of \"The Original Series\" was featured in the film's first script, but only three members appeared in the film: William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, James Doohan as Montgomery Scott, and Walter Koenig as Pavel Chekov. Leonard Nimoy and DeForest Kelley declined to appear as Spock and Leonard McCoy. Nimoy (who was offered the job of directing the film) felt that there were story problems with the script and that Spock's role was extraneous—\"I said to everybody concerned [...] that if you took the dozen or so lines", "title": "Star Trek Generations" }, { "id": "17632871", "text": "released in July 2016. Chris Doohan Christopher Doohan (born June 28, 1959) is a Canadian actor, one of the sons of Star Trek actor James Doohan. Chris and his twin brother, Montgomery, made uncredited appearances as background extras in the first \"\". Upon hearing that the role of Montgomery Scott would be recast for J.J. Abrams' film, Star Trek fans started a campaign asking other fans to write to Paramount Pictures in an attempt to persuade the studio and the filmmakers to allow either Chris or his brother, Montgomery, to play their father's role in the film, or, at the", "title": "Chris Doohan" }, { "id": "358195", "text": "Star Trek: The Original Series Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew. It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began. The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s. The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley). Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening", "title": "Star Trek: The Original Series" }, { "id": "4416603", "text": "characterization and plot issues correctable. The main issue was whether the producers wanted to do a show with time travel. Meanwhile, Ganino and Stillwell struck up a friendship and began to develop ideas for other episodes. Gene Roddenberry had distributed a memo that said the return of Leonard Nimoy as Spock would be unlikely due to financial considerations, and suggested that a reasonable alternative would be to feature Mark Lenard, who played Spock's father Sarek. During the same period, Stillwell met Denise Crosby – who played Tasha Yar in the series' first season – at a 1989 fan convention in", "title": "Yesterday's Enterprise" }, { "id": "19023732", "text": "For the Love of Spock For the Love of Spock is a 2016 American documentary film about actor Leonard Nimoy produced by 455 Films and directed by his son Adam Nimoy, who started it before his February 27, 2015 death. It deals with the story of the character, its impact in science fiction and popular culture, and the burden its fame posed on Leonard Nimoy's personal and family life, from his son's point of view. The film looks at the life and career of actor Leonard Nimoy, and his iconic character Mr. Spock. It includes interviews with cast, crew and", "title": "For the Love of Spock" }, { "id": "19023736", "text": "of the film was screened on April 16, 2016, at the Tribeca Film Festival. It was followed by a panel composed of Adam Nimoy, Zachary Quinto, producer David Zappone, \"Access Hollywood\" and critic Scott Mantz, within \"Variety\"'s Gordon Cox as moderator. The finished documentary's release was expected later in 2016. On June 2, 2016, it was announced that the worldwide rights to the documentary had been acquired by Gravitas Ventures, and the film was scheduled for U.S. theatrical release and VOD day-and-date on September 9, one day after the 50th anniversary of the Original Series. Since that date, the film", "title": "For the Love of Spock" }, { "id": "644334", "text": "the end of the \"Star Trek\" series) at the Pheasant Run Playhouse in St. Charles, Illinois. Nimoy was best known for his portrayal of Spock, the half-human, half-Vulcan character he played on \"Star Trek\" from the first TV episode, in 1966, to the film \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" in 2013. Biographer Dennis Fischer states that it was Nimoy's \"most important role,\" and Nimoy was later credited by others for bringing \"dignity and intelligence to one of the most revered characters in science fiction.\" The character was to become iconic, considered one of the most popular alien characters ever portrayed on", "title": "Leonard Nimoy" }, { "id": "17632868", "text": "Chris Doohan Christopher Doohan (born June 28, 1959) is a Canadian actor, one of the sons of Star Trek actor James Doohan. Chris and his twin brother, Montgomery, made uncredited appearances as background extras in the first \"\". Upon hearing that the role of Montgomery Scott would be recast for J.J. Abrams' film, Star Trek fans started a campaign asking other fans to write to Paramount Pictures in an attempt to persuade the studio and the filmmakers to allow either Chris or his brother, Montgomery, to play their father's role in the film, or, at the very least, to be", "title": "Chris Doohan" }, { "id": "6630465", "text": "for a fourth film. In July 2016, Abrams confirmed plans for a fourth film, and stated that Chris Hemsworth would return as Kirk's father, George, whom he played in the prologue of the first film. Later that month, Paramount confirmed the return of Hemsworth as well as most of the \"Beyond\" cast, producers Abrams and Lindsey Weber, and writers J. D. Payne and Patrick McKay. That same month, Abrams had said that Chekov would not be recast, after Anton Yelchin died in a motor vehicle incident. In December 2017, Deadline Hollywood reported that Quentin Tarantino is currently working on the", "title": "Star Trek (film series)" }, { "id": "2969766", "text": "Christopher and Michael Ward (according to an obituary in \"The Washington Post\", a third son died in infancy in the early 1940s); three grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren. Jane Wyatt Jane Waddington Wyatt (August 12, 1910 – October 20, 2006) was an American actress. She starred in a number of Hollywood films, but is likely best known for her role as the housewife and mother Margaret Anderson on the CBS and NBC television comedy series, \"Father Knows Best\", and as Amanda Grayson, the human mother of Spock on the science-fiction television series \"\". Wyatt was a three-time Emmy Award-winner. Wyatt was", "title": "Jane Wyatt" }, { "id": "11795855", "text": "\"Delocated\" as David. He guest-starred on \"\" in 2011 in the episode \"Blood Brothers\" as Tripp Raines. His most recent acting role to date was Luca Jameson in the science fiction series \"The Tomorrow People\". Jacob Kogan Jacob Pavlovich Kogan (born May 28, 1995) is an American actor. He is perhaps best known for playing the title role in the 2007 psychological thriller \"Joshua\" and as the young Spock in J. J. Abrams' \"Star Trek\". Kogan was born in New York City to author and photographer Deborah Copaken Kogan and Russian-born child actor Paul Kogan. Paul emigrated from Moscow, Russia", "title": "Jacob Kogan" }, { "id": "7093537", "text": "text include: In the mid-1960s, actor Leonard Nimoy, who was raised in a traditional Jewish home, used a single-handed version of this gesture to create the Vulcan salute for his character, Spock, on \"\". He has explained that while attending Orthodox services as a child, he peeked from under his father's tallit and saw the gesture; many years later, when introducing the character of Mr. Spock, he and series creator Gene Roddenberry thought a physical component should accompany the verbal \"Live long and prosper\" greeting. The Jewish priestly gesture looked sufficiently alien and mysterious, and became part of \"Star Trek\"", "title": "Priestly Blessing" }, { "id": "2969757", "text": "Jane Wyatt Jane Waddington Wyatt (August 12, 1910 – October 20, 2006) was an American actress. She starred in a number of Hollywood films, but is likely best known for her role as the housewife and mother Margaret Anderson on the CBS and NBC television comedy series, \"Father Knows Best\", and as Amanda Grayson, the human mother of Spock on the science-fiction television series \"\". Wyatt was a three-time Emmy Award-winner. Wyatt was born on August 12, 1910, in Mahwah, New Jersey, but raised in Manhattan. Her father, Christopher Billopp Wyatt, Jr., was a Wall Street investment banker, and her", "title": "Jane Wyatt" }, { "id": "1659335", "text": "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock Star Trek III: The Search for Spock is a 1984 American science fiction film directed by Leonard Nimoy and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry. It is the third film in the \"Star Trek\" film series, and is the second part of a three-film story arc that begins with \"\" (1982) and concludes with \"\" (1986). After the death of Spock (Nimoy), the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\" returns to Earth. When James T. Kirk (William Shatner) learns that Spock's spirit, or katra, is held in the mind of Dr. Leonard \"Bones\"", "title": "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock" }, { "id": "4023965", "text": "as far as he is concerned, Spock is still alive and well working on Romulus (as seen in the two-part episode \"\" of \"\"). Nimoy played Spock again (alongside a younger Spock played by Zachary Quinto) in the 2009 film \"Star Trek\" and the 2013 film \"Star Trek Into Darkness\", both directed by J. J. Abrams. I Am Spock I Am Spock is the second volume of actor and director Leonard Nimoy's autobiography. The book was published in 1995, four years after the release of the last \"Star Trek\" motion picture starring the entire original cast, and covers the majority", "title": "I Am Spock" }, { "id": "1659422", "text": "in \"Star Trek: Original Motion Picture Collection\". \"The Search for Spock\" was remastered in 1080p high-definition from the 2000 DVD transfer. All six films in the set have new 7.1 Dolby TrueHD audio. The disc features a new commentary track by former \"\", \"\", and \"\" television writers Ronald D. Moore and Michael Taylor. The film was briefly removed from Netflix in August 2013 because of inaccurately translated Klingon and Vulcan subtitles. Star Trek III: The Search for Spock Star Trek III: The Search for Spock is a 1984 American science fiction film directed by Leonard Nimoy and based on", "title": "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock" }, { "id": "644399", "text": "the doors, that allowed us to begin to embrace our past\". Spock appears in \"\" (1991), a two-part episode of \"Star Trek: The Next Generation\". Set 75 years after the events of \"The Undiscovered Country\", the episode focuses on Federation Ambassador Spock's attempt to reunite the Romulans with their Vulcan brethren. Filming of \"The Undiscovered Country\" overlapped with production of this episode, and the episode references Spock's role in the film. Spock's next appearance in the live action \"Star Trek\" franchise is the 2009 \"Star Trek\" film. Nimoy was given approval rights over Spock's casting and supported Quinto's casting. In", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "19023733", "text": "people connected with \"Star Trek\", fans at conventions, as well as personal memories. As Odie Henderson from RogerEbert.com points, \"'For the Love of Spock' is more than just catnip for Trekkies. It’s also an often painful examination of the rocky father/son relationship that existed between filmmaker Adam Nimoy and his famous father, Leonard.\" By Thanksgiving 2014, Adam Nimoy started working with his father in a documentary about Spock, to commemorate \"\"’s 50th anniversary. After Leonard Nimoy's passing on February 27, 2015, the outpouring of affection from \"Star Trek\" fans prompted him to widen the film’s scope to encompass his father’s", "title": "For the Love of Spock" }, { "id": "644381", "text": "Federation ambassador, contributing toward the easing of the strained relationship between the Federation and the Klingon Empire. In his later years, he serves as Federation Ambassador-at-Large to the Romulan Star Empire and becomes involved in the ill-fated attempt to save Romulus from a supernova, leading him to live out the rest of his life in the parallel timeline introduced in \"Star Trek\" (2009). Spock's backstory has been explained during the course of several episodes of \"\", the 2009 film \"Star Trek\" and the episode \"\" of \"\". Born to the Vulcan Sarek and the human Amanda Grayson, Spock has a", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "1659346", "text": "to Vulcan. Nimoy recalled that not only was he in the scene, but his eyes are closed, making it difficult to judge the quality of the shot or the actor's performance: \"It drove DeForest Kelley crazy. He swears that I was trying to direct him with the movement and flutter of my eyelids.\" Nimoy was thankful the story required him to appear in a minimal number of scenes. The rapidly aging Spock, at the ages of 9, 13, 17, and 25, was portrayed successively by Carl Steven, Vadia Potenza, Stephen Manley and Joe W. Davis. Frank Welker provided Spock's screams,", "title": "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock" }, { "id": "4254954", "text": "Stewart played Captain Jean-Luc Picard, Whoopi Goldberg played , Leonard Nimoy played Mr. Spock, Christopher Lloyd played Kruge in \"\", Ed Begley Jr. played Henry Starling in a two-part episode of \"\", George Hearn played Dr. Berel in an episode of \"\", and B.J. Ward played numerous characters in \"Star Trek\" computer games, as did Jim Cummings. Composer James Horner was also the composer for \"\" and \"\". Frank Welker voiced Spock's screams in \"Star Trek III\" and the alien creature in the \"Star Trek: Voyager\" episode \"\". Robert Picardo played on \"\". Additionally, both Nimoy and Welker voiced the", "title": "The Pagemaster" }, { "id": "3951908", "text": "\"Father Knows Best\", where she played Jane Wyatt's eldest daughter. On the next broadcast \"Star Trek\" episode, Jane Wyatt guested, playing Spock's mother Amanda. Cochrane reappears as the focal character of the movie \"\" (1996), in which he is played by James Cromwell. This episode was the first time in the original series that Kirk does not appear on board the \"Enterprise\" at any point. Metamorphosis (Star Trek: The Original Series) \"Metamorphosis\" is the ninth episode of the of the American science fiction television series \"\". Written by Gene L. Coon and directed by Ralph Senensky, it was first broadcast", "title": "Metamorphosis (Star Trek: The Original Series)" }, { "id": "358203", "text": "perceived faults had been partly because of the script that they had selected themselves. NBC made the unusual decision to pay for a second pilot, using the script called \"Where No Man Has Gone Before\". Only the character of Spock, played by Leonard Nimoy, was retained from the first pilot, and only two cast members, Majel Barrett and Nimoy, were carried forward into the series. This second pilot proved to be satisfactory to NBC, and the network selected \"Star Trek\" to be in its upcoming television schedule for the fall of 1966. The second pilot introduced most of the other", "title": "Star Trek: The Original Series" }, { "id": "644430", "text": "of the Rings\", or even Hamlet, Othello, or Romeo. Many actors have and can play the roles, each offering a different interpretation of said character.\" The fan series \"\" has featured three actors in the role of Spock. Spock was portrayed by Jeffrey Quinn for the pilot and first three episodes, by Ben Tolpin in episodes 4 and 5, and by Brandon Stacy in episodes 6 through 11. Stacy also served as a stand-in for Zachary Quinto in the 2009 \"Star Trek\" film. The independent online fan series \"Star Trek Continues\" featured Todd Haberkorn as Spock in three vignettes and", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "644383", "text": "his acceptance into the Vulcan Science Academy on the basis that they would never fully accept someone who was only half-Vulcan. Although this film set up the Kelvin timeline seen in this and later films, writer Roberto Orci stated that he felt that the actions were unaffected by the changes in this timeline and so would have occurred in the same manner prior to \"The Original Series\". Because Spock did not enter the VSA, and sought to join Starfleet instead, he did not speak to his father for the following 18 years. Spock appeared as the science officer on the", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "644351", "text": "movie \"Land of the Lost\". Nimoy also provided voiceovers for the \"Star Trek Online\" massive multiplayer online game, released in February 2010, as well as \"Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep\" as Master Xehanort, the series' leading villain. Tetsuya Nomura, the director of \"Birth by Sleep\", stated that he chose Nimoy for the role specifically because of his role as Spock. Nimoy would later reprise this role for \"\" in 2012. Nimoy was also a frequent and popular reader for \"Selected Shorts\", an ongoing series of programs at Symphony Space in New York City (that also tours around the country) which", "title": "Leonard Nimoy" }, { "id": "644374", "text": "represented by his daughters. Cast members of \"Star Trek\" who had worked alongside Nimoy gave personal tributes after his death. William Shatner wrote of Nimoy, \"I loved him like a brother. ... We will all miss his humor, his talent, and his capacity to love.\" George Takei called him an \"extraordinarily talented man\" and a \"very decent human being\". Walter Koenig said that after working with Nimoy, he discovered Nimoy's \"compassion, his intelligence and his humanity.\" Nichelle Nichols noted that Nimoy's integrity, passion and devotion as an actor \"helped transport \"Star Trek\" into television history.\" Quinto, who portrayed Spock as", "title": "Leonard Nimoy" }, { "id": "644359", "text": "29, 2012. Also in 2012, Nimoy reprised his role of William Bell in \"Fringe\" for the fourth season episodes \"Letters of Transit\" and \"Brave New World\" parts 1 & 2. Nimoy reprised his role as Master Xehanort in the 2012 video game \"\". On August 30, 2012, Nimoy narrated a satirical segment about Mitt Romney's life on Comedy Central's \"The Daily Show with Jon Stewart\". In 2013, Nimoy reprised his role as Ambassador Spock in a cameo appearance in \"Star Trek Into Darkness\", and is the only actor from the original series to appear in Abrams' \"Star Trek\" films. Nimoy's", "title": "Leonard Nimoy" }, { "id": "644402", "text": "Vulcan children due to his half-Human heritage, and his relationship with his parents (Ben Cross and Winona Ryder). The film also depicts Kirk and Spock's initial clashes at Starfleet Academy, and the gradual development of their friendship based on shared mutual respect, what the elder Spock calls \"... a friendship that will define them both in ways they cannot yet realize.\" A major change in characterization from the primary timeline is alternate Spock's involvement with alternate Uhura (Zoe Saldana), his former student. At the end of the film, the young Spock opts to remain in Starfleet while his older self", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "10303273", "text": "Mason\" episode, \"The Case of the Carefree Coronary.\" In 1966, Montaigne portrayed the Romulan Decius in the \"\" episode \"Balance of Terror\"; he had nearly been cast as Mr Spock when it was possible that Leonard Nimoy would appear on \"Mission Impossible\". A year later, he portrayed the Vulcan Stonn, the paramour of Spock's intended bride T'Pring, in the episode \"Amok Time\"—a role that he reprised in 2006 in the unofficial mini-series \"\". Additionally, he guest starred on \"Batman\", \"Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea\", \"The Man From U.N.C.L.E.\", \"Blue Light\", \"\", \"The Time Tunnel\", \"The Invaders\", \"Perry Mason\",", "title": "Lawrence Montaigne" }, { "id": "19669615", "text": "final time in a cameo within the 2013 film \"Star Trek Into Darkness\"; he died prior to production on the 2016's \"Star Trek Beyond\". Within that film, a scene was included to reference the in-universe death of the older version of the character. The earliest mention of Spock known was from a conversation Gene Roddenberry had with Gary Lockwood at Roddenberry's home. Lockwood had been the lead actor on Roddenberry's \"The Lieutenant\" which had just been cancelled after one season. Roddenberry explained in that conversation that he had created an alien with the name of Spock, and he wanted the", "title": "Development of Spock" }, { "id": "1401929", "text": "of historical figures including Abraham Lincoln, Spock's father Sarek (Mark Lenard), and an unnamed Andorian ambassador. The food prepared for the scene was colored blue so it would look alien. None of the actors wanted to eat the unappetizing dishes (especially after they grew ripe under hot studio lights), and it became a running joke among the crew during filming to make them sample their food. Because of the multiple angles and takes required for a single mouthful of food, Meyer offered a bounty of $20 per every shot of a character eating. For Shatner, the incentive was enough that", "title": "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country" }, { "id": "581907", "text": "Mignogna, who also plays the role of Kirk. Rounding out the core cast is fellow voice actor Todd Haberkorn as Spock, Chris Doohan (son of the original Scotty actor James Doohan) as Scotty, and as McCoy first author-producer Larry Nemecek, followed by voice actor Chuck Huber. It also co-stars Grant Imahara (\"MythBusters\") as Sulu. The first episode, \"Pilgrim of Eternity\" (with Michael Forest reprising his role as Apollo from the original series episode \"Who Mourns for Adonais?\") was released in 2013. The second episode, \"Lolani\" (featuring guest star Lou Ferrigno), was released in February 2014, and a third episode, \"Fairest", "title": "James T. Kirk" }, { "id": "4969258", "text": "Christine Scodari expressed the opinion that the portrayal of Uhura's character in the reboot is a step forward in terms of the representation of women of color. On August 24, 2013, at the Fan Expo Canada, actor Zachary Quinto (who plays Spock in the rebooted \"Star Trek\") replied to a fan asking him about whether his fictional character (and him and Chris Pine, the actor who plays Jim Kirk in the reboot) are lovers: Kirk/Spock Kirk/Spock, commonly abbreviated as K/S and referring to James T. Kirk and Spock from \"Star Trek\", is a pairing popular in slash fiction, possibly the", "title": "Kirk/Spock" }, { "id": "848397", "text": "Ben Stiller Show\". He played Damon Warwick, father of James Warwick, on the daytime soap opera \"The Bold and the Beautiful\". After learning about cold fusion from technical journals in 1989, he narrated the video \"Cold Fusion: Fire from Water\", about the physics behind cold fusion. When the \"Star Trek\" franchise was revived, Doohan reprised his role of Scotty in seven \"Star Trek\" films and made a guest appearance on \"\"s 130th episode, \"\". Many of Doohan's film appearances centered on the role of Scotty, such as a cameo in \"National Lampoon's Loaded Weapon 1\", where he plays a policeman", "title": "James Doohan" }, { "id": "644413", "text": "during one of the early 1970s attempts to create a \"Star Trek\" film, entitled \"\", but dropped out after his likeness as Spock was used without permission to advertise Heineken beer. He was persuaded to return when production turned to the film \"\" as directed by Philip Kaufman. However, this was dropped in favor of a new television series, \"\". After being offered only a recurring part by Roddenberry, Nimoy refused to appear at all. When the work moved on again, to \"\", director Robert Wise persuaded Nimoy to return as the character. During the course of the production, Nimoy", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "644416", "text": "highlighted the work of Zachary Quinto, as he felt he looked similar and could sufficiently portray the inner thought process of the character. Quinto became the first actor to be cast for the film, and Nimoy agreed to return as the version of the character from the \"Prime\" universe. Nimoy said that he returned because of the enthusiasm from director J.J. Abrams and the writers, and because it made him feel appreciated. Nimoy made a final appearance as Spock in \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" as a favor to Abrams. At the time, he did not rule out returning again, but", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "6630461", "text": "with the exception of an aged Spock played by Leonard Nimoy. It was directed by J. J. Abrams (who produced it with Damon Lindelof) and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman. According to Lindelof, this production was designed to attract a wider audience. It received positive reviews and a number of awards, including the film franchise's only Academy Award, for \"makeup and hairstyling\". A story that covered the events between \"Nemesis\" and \"Star Trek\" was released as the graphic novel \"\" in early 2009. A Starfleet special agent (Benedict Cumberbatch), coerces an officer into blowing up a secret installation", "title": "Star Trek (film series)" }, { "id": "1288047", "text": "Sarek in the \"Star Trek\" reboot (2009). James Frain plays Sarek in the new television series \"\". The character appears in the original \"\" series, the , four \"Star Trek\" movies, two episodes of \"\", \"\" and numerous \"Star Trek\" novels and comics. Sarek was born in 2165. He is the son of Skon of Vulcan and the grandson of Solkar (the first Vulcan ambassador to Earth). Sarek was married twice, and had two sons. Prior to his first marriage, he had a relationship with the Vulcan priestess, T'Rea, which produced Sarek's first son Sybok, a character not developed until", "title": "Sarek" }, { "id": "2459743", "text": "Journey to Babel \"Journey to Babel\" is the tenth episode of the of the American science fiction television series \"\". Written by D. C. Fontana and directed by Joseph Pevney, it was first broadcast on November 17, 1967. In the episode, the \"Enterprise\" must transport dignitaries to a diplomatic conference. The episode features the first appearance of Sarek (Mark Lenard) and Amanda (Jane Wyatt), parents of First Officer Spock, as well as the first appearance in the series of two other alien species, the Andorians and the Tellarites. The starship \"Enterprise\", under the command of Captain James T. Kirk, is", "title": "Journey to Babel" }, { "id": "20352740", "text": "ambassador Sarek (James Frain) and his human wife Amanda (Mia Kirshner), who are also the biological parents of Starfleet officer Spock, and moved to the Vulcan homeworld. She was the first human to attend both the Vulcan Learning Center and Vulcan Science Academy as a xenoanthropologist. After completing the academy she was brought by Sarek, who shared his Katra with Burnham, to the USS \"Shenzhou\" to rejoin her people. The decision to make Burnham related to the history of original series character Spock was controversial. Beth Elderkin for \"io9\" decided that it \"breaks canon\" and that \"It seems unlike Spock", "title": "Michael Burnham" }, { "id": "2748290", "text": "Nimoy, stars as Spock in the rebooted \"Star Trek\" films, will host the revived version of the show on History Channel. The original series ran for six seasons. In February 2012, it was announced that Visual Entertainment, under license from Universal Studios, had acquired the home video rights to the original series for the United States and Canada. \"In Search of: The Complete Collection\" was released in Canada and the U.S. on December 11, 2012 from VEI's website. The 21-DVD set includes all 144 installments hosted by Leonard Nimoy. Also included are two Rod Serling specials: \"In Search of Ancient", "title": "In Search of... (TV series)" }, { "id": "19669647", "text": "of Khan\" would be the final \"Star Trek\" film, having Spock \"go out in a blaze of glory\" seemed like a good way to resolve the character's fate. In an early draft of the script, Spock died in the first act in a shocking demise that the movie's producer Harve Bennett compared to Janet Leigh's early death in \"Psycho\". By April 1981, a revised script moved the character's death to the final act. The death scene was shot over three days, during which no visitors were allowed on set. Fan reaction to leaked news that Spock would be killed was", "title": "Development of Spock" }, { "id": "3234138", "text": "Day Massacre\", and appeared on the short-lived CBS western \"Dundee and the Culhane\". A contract dispute that year between Leonard Nimoy and the producers of \"\" forced Herb Solow, Robert H. Justman, and Gene Roddenberry to compile a list of candidates for consideration to take over the role of Mr. Spock. As revealed in Solow and Justman's book, \"Star Trek - The Inside Story\", Canary was one of these candidates. David Dortort, the creator/producer of \"Bonanza\", saw Canary in \"Hombre\" and cast him in the role of the new ranch foreman; he said that Canary was \"the kind of kid", "title": "David Canary" }, { "id": "20362508", "text": "August, Ethan Peck was announced as portraying Spock in the season. Kurtzman compared the actor to both Nimoy and Quinto and stated that he believed Peck \"would, like them, effortlessly embody Spock’s greatest qualities, beyond obvious logic: empathy, intuition, compassion, confusion, and yearning.\" In March 2018, an alternate ending to the first season was revealed in which a Section 31 agent named Leland is introduced, portrayed by Alan van Sprang. The producers confirmed that Sprang would be portraying the character in the second season. Van Sprang had worked with Berg and Harberts on the series \"Reign\", and they had been", "title": "Star Trek: Discovery (season 2)" }, { "id": "1288048", "text": "the in the late 1980s. Sarek later married Amanda Grayson, a native of the planet Earth. After Amanda's death, Sarek married Perrin, also human, who survived his death. Sarek and Perrin had no children. Sarek's second son, Spock, entered Starfleet Academy. Sarek opposed the decision, and the two were estranged for 18 years. Following a mission on the \"Enterprise\" where Spock helped save Sarek's life, father and son are reconciled in the episode \"Journey to Babel\", with Mark Lenard portraying the first appearance of Sarek. Mark Lenard voiced Sarek in the \"\" episode \"\". In this episode Spock must travel", "title": "Sarek" }, { "id": "18251448", "text": "crew celebrates Kirk's birthday, they watch the construction of their new ship, the USS \"Enterprise\"-A—and when the ship is completed, they resume their mission. Jeff Bezos appears as an alien Starfleet crew member. Leonard Nimoy appears in two photo cameos as Spock Prime – individually, and alongside George Takei, Walter Koenig, William Shatner, James Doohan, DeForest Kelley, and Nichelle Nichols as the Prime versions of Sulu, Chekov, Kirk, Scott, McCoy, and Uhura, respectively. Abrams returned only as a producer so he could focus on directing \"\". Writer-producer Roberto Orci was announced as director in May 2014. He would have been", "title": "Star Trek Beyond" }, { "id": "19669664", "text": "Spock, saying that he would hear what Abrams had to offer since he considered him a friend and he had done \"a great thing for \"Star Trek\"\". Nimoy died on February 27, 2015, ahead of the production of the third \"Kelvin\" timeline film, \"Star Trek Beyond\". Quinto later said at a \"Beyond\" fan event, \"In a way I feel like he’s more a part of this film than he was the other two. We were all so cognizant of his absence but I think in the face of that, we all held him in our hearts more fully. Everyone on", "title": "Development of Spock" }, { "id": "7752875", "text": "the FX series \"American Horror Story\" as Chad, former owner of the house. Quinto returned for the second season in one of the lead roles, as Dr. Oliver Thredson. In 2014, Zachary and his Before the Door partners produced a Chris Moore project, \"The Chair\", a documentary series on Starz that shows the process of two directors bringing their first feature to the screen. In 2015, Quinto was a guest on the acclaimed TV series \"Girls\" and \"Hannibal\". Movie-wise, Quinto reprised his role of Spock in \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" in 2013 and in \"Star Trek Beyond\", released in 2016.", "title": "Zachary Quinto" }, { "id": "3188042", "text": "which he did not write. One production was at the LBJ Museum in Austin, Texas, where Lady Bird Johnson was among attendees. He appeared in the drama film \"The Boys in the Band\" (1970), reprising the role of Hank, which he originated on stage. He portrayed Spock's half-brother Sybok in \"\" (1989). Sean Connery was originally contacted to star in the role but was busy with \"Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade\". William Shatner discovered Luckinbill by chance by channel-surfing late one night and seeing him perform as Johnson. When Shatner called to offer him the role, Luckinbill accepted immediately.", "title": "Laurence Luckinbill" }, { "id": "644417", "text": "he died prior to the following film. In \"Star Trek Beyond\", Quinto's Spock mourns the loss of Spock Prime, as played by Nimoy. \"Given the choice\", Nimoy said years after the show ended, \"If I had to be someone else, I would be Spock.\" He recalled, more than a decade after the show's cancellation: From early on, the public reacted very positively—even fanatically—to his character, in what \"The Boston Globe\" in 1967 described as \"Spockmania\". Headshots of Spock became popular souvenirs, with the rare ones of the actor laughing the most valuable. Nimoy reported that \"within two weeks after [\"Amok", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "7752869", "text": "new \"Star Trek\" film, Quinto revealed that Nimoy had been given casting approval over who would play the role of the young Spock. \"For me Leonard's involvement was only liberating, frankly,\" says Quinto. \"I knew that he had approval over the actor that would play young Spock, so when I got the role I knew from the beginning it was with his blessing.\" In a September 2008 interview, Abrams said of Quinto's performance as Spock: \"Zachary brought a gravity and an incredible sense of humor, which is a wonderful combination because Spock's character is deceivingly complicated. The revelation for me", "title": "Zachary Quinto" }, { "id": "19669663", "text": "breaks in filming, he said Nimoy was his main resource in playing Spock. Nimoy made his final appearance as Spock as a cameo in the 2013 film, \"Star Trek Into Darkness\". Abrams approached him and asked for a favor, and Nimoy agreed as he felt that the lines could only be said by his version of Spock and was about the character itself. The appearance was kept a secret until the premiere, as it was shot at Bad Robot Productions headquarters in Santa Monica, California, with only Nimoy and Abrams present. Nimoy did not rule out a further appearance as", "title": "Development of Spock" }, { "id": "18247526", "text": "Mind Meld Mind Meld: Secrets Behind the Voyage of a Lifetime is a 2001 American documentary film in which actors William Shatner and Leonard Nimoy discuss the \"Star Trek\" science fiction franchise and its effects on their lives. Shatner and Nimoy portrayed the characters James T. Kirk and Spock respectively in the , the , and their film sequels. They talk about differences they had with Gene Roddenberry, the creator of \"Star Trek\", and about the strained relationships between Shatner and some of the other cast members. It was in this film that Nimoy first publicly revealed that he had", "title": "Mind Meld" }, { "id": "3188038", "text": "Laurence Luckinbill Laurence George Luckinbill (born November 21, 1934) is an American actor, playwright and director. He has worked in television, film, and theatre, doing triple duty in the theatre by writing, directing, and starring in stage productions. He is probably best known for penning and starring in one-man shows based upon the lives of United States President Theodore Roosevelt, author Ernest Hemingway, and famous American defense attorney Clarence Darrow; starring in a one-man show based upon the life of US President Lyndon Baines Johnson; and for his portrayal of Spock's half-brother Sybok in the film \"\". Luckinbill was born", "title": "Laurence Luckinbill" }, { "id": "358713", "text": "afford the complete cast. He was replaced by two animated characters who made semi-regular appearances: Lieutenant Arex, whose Edosian species had three arms and three legs; and Lieutenant M'Ress, a female Caitian. Besides performing their characters Montgomery Scott and Christine Chapel, James Doohan and Majel Barrett also performed the voices of Arex and M'Ress, respectively. Initially, Filmation was only going to use the voices of William Shatner, Leonard Nimoy, DeForest Kelley, Doohan and Barrett. Doohan and Barrett would also perform the voices of Sulu and Uhura. Nimoy refused to voice Spock in the series unless Nichelle Nichols and George Takei", "title": "Star Trek: The Animated Series" }, { "id": "644339", "text": "films. He played the elder Spock in the 2009 \"Star Trek\" movie and reprised the role in a brief appearance in the 2013 sequel, \"Star Trek Into Darkness\", both directed by J. J. Abrams. Following \"Star Trek\" in 1969, Nimoy immediately joined the cast of the spy series \"\", which was seeking a replacement for Martin Landau. Nimoy was cast in the role of Paris, an IMF agent who was an ex-magician and make-up expert, \"\". He played the role during (1969–1971). Nimoy had been strongly considered as part of the initial cast for the show, but remained in the", "title": "Leonard Nimoy" }, { "id": "655428", "text": "announcement that \"Star Trek\" was returning as a series on June 17, 1977, Roddenberry began recruiting new crewmembers, including Harold Livingston and Robert Goodwin as executive producers. Other staff returning from \"The Original Series\" included William Ware Theiss, while Matt Jefferies was hired as a technical advisor and designed an updated version of the USS \"Enterprise\". The initial order was for a two-hour pilot episode, followed by 13 episodes. Leonard Nimoy turned down the offer by Roddenberry to return as Spock as a recurring character, which necessitated the creation of a new Vulcan character named Xon. David Gautreaux successfully auditioned", "title": "Star Trek: Phase II" }, { "id": "1659339", "text": "to Earth following the events of . Admiral James T. Kirk is struggling to come to terms with the death of his Vulcan friend, Captain Spock, whose casket was launched into space and eventually came to rest on the newly-formed Genesis Planet. On arriving at Earth Spacedock, Doctor Leonard McCoy begins to act strangely and is detained. Starfleet Commander Morrow visits the \"Enterprise\" and informs the crew that the ship is to be decommissioned, despite Kirk's objections; the crew is ordered not to share their knowledge of Genesis due to the political fallout the device has caused. Spock's father, Sarek", "title": "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock" }, { "id": "644401", "text": "of the film. In the film's opening act, Nero's ship emerges in the year 2233, and through its interaction with the inhabitants, inadvertently creates an \"alternate, parallel 'Star Trek' universe\". Twenty-five years later in the new reality, Spock's ship emerges, and Nero captures him and the red matter. Stranded in the alternate past, the prime version of Spock helps the alternate, younger version of himself and Kirk (Zachary Quinto and Chris Pine, respectively) thwart Nero's attempt to destroy the Federation. The film also features Jacob Kogan in several scenes depicting Spock's childhood, including his abuse at the hands of other", "title": "Spock" }, { "id": "7259816", "text": "Nimoy's famous \"Star Trek\" character which the younger planned to direct. Nimoy stated that with his father's passing, the project would now take on a stronger focus on the life and career of Leonard Nimoy, as well as the character of Spock. In March 2015, Nimoy announced plans to crowd-fund the project's $600,000 budget and provide credit and other perks to the fans who contributed. By that June, the project successfully completed funding through Kickstarter.com, raising $621,721, ahead of its July 1 deadline. The documentary, \"For the Love of Spock\", received the support of interview subjects including William Shatner, George", "title": "Adam Nimoy" }, { "id": "2795397", "text": "Spock (Leonard Nimoy) has gone missing and an intelligence scan has placed him on Romulus, raising fears that he may have defected. Picard orders the \"Enterprise\" to Vulcan to speak to Spock's ailing father, Sarek (Mark Lenard), with whom Picard shares a close bond. Sarek gives Picard the name of Pardek, a Romulan Senator that he knew Spock had been maintaining a dialogue with for several decades. Lieutenant Commander Data (Brent Spiner) discovers a visual record of Pardek from a trade conference and confirms him as being the figure seen on the intelligence scan of Spock on Romulus. The \"Enterprise\"", "title": "Unification (Star Trek: The Next Generation)" }, { "id": "358233", "text": "Germany in steelbook editions) on April 27, 2009 as well as the first season in Blu-ray. While still casting the roles, Gene Roddenberry did not mandate Bones McCoy and Spock be male. According to Nichelle Nichols, \"They gave me a three-page script to read from that had three characters named Bones, Kirk and somebody called Spock, and they asked me if I would read for the role of Spock. When I looked at this great text, I said to myself, 'I'll take any one of these roles,' but I found the Spock character to be very interesting, and I asked", "title": "Star Trek: The Original Series" } ]	who played spock's dad on star trek
[ "1995" ]	[ { "id": "11951622", "text": "1995 Buffalo Bills season The 1995 Buffalo Bills season was the 36th season for the club and its 26th in the National Football League. After suffering a losing season the previous season, the 1995 Bills won the AFC East, and made the playoffs for the seventh time in eight seasons. They defeated the Miami Dolphins in the Wild Card Game in Don Shula's final game as an NFL head coach. The following week they lost to the eventual AFC Champions, the Pittsburgh Steelers. The playoff win over Miami represents the last time to date that the Bills have won a", "title": "1995 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19799708", "text": "the Dolphins and the Cincinnati Bengals upsetting the Baltimore Ravens 31–27. The Bills also improved on their 7–9 record from 2016 and clinched their first winning season since 2014. However, the Bills lost the wild card game against Jacksonville 3–10, extending their playoff victory drought to 22 years. The Bills are the last team since the NFL re-alignment in 2002 to make the playoffs. General manager Brandon Beane joined the Bills after 19 seasons with the Carolina Panthers, the last two as assistant to then-general manager Dave Gettleman. Beane, who signed an undisclosed deal on May 9, 2017, replaced Doug", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "9861048", "text": "Sammy Watkins, cornerback Ronald Darby, and defensive tackle Marcell Dareus, were traded away before or during the season. On December 31, 2017, the Bills secured a playoff berth for the first time in 17 seasons with a win over the Miami Dolphins (concurrently with a Baltimore Ravens loss to the Cincinnati Bengals). Their season ended on January 7, 2018, when the Bills lost to the Jacksonville Jaguars in the AFC Wild Card game by a score of 10-3. During the offseason, the Bills overhauled their roster yet again, trading away Tyrod Taylor and tackle Cordy Glenn. In addition, longtime center", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "46812", "text": "York, where they have been since 1973. The Bills, established in 1959, played in War Memorial Stadium until 1973, when Rich Stadium, now New Era Field, opened. The team competes in the AFC East division. Since the AFL–NFL merger in 1970, the Bills have won the AFC conference championship four consecutive times (1990, 1991, 1992, 1993), resulting in four lost Super Bowls (Super Bowl XXV, Super Bowl XXVI, Super Bowl XXVII and Super Bowl XXVIII); they were the only NFL team without a playoff appearance in the 21st century from 2011 until 2017, having missed the playoffs each season since", "title": "Buffalo, New York" }, { "id": "19799707", "text": "2017 Buffalo Bills season The 2017 season was the Buffalo Bills' 58th as a professional football team, 48th in the National Football League and third full season under the ownership of Terry and Kim Pegula. The season was the first under the leadership of general manager Brandon Beane and head coach Sean McDermott. On December 31, the final week of the regular season, the Bills finally ended their 18-year playoff drought (previously the longest active drought in the NFL and the longest active playoff drought among the four major professional North American sport leagues) with the Bills winning 22–16 over", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19799731", "text": "kick by Steven Hauschka, the Jaguars would rally for the victory in a hard-fought defensive game, only sealing the victory with an interception by Jalen Ramsey on the Bills' final drive. 2017 Buffalo Bills season The 2017 season was the Buffalo Bills' 58th as a professional football team, 48th in the National Football League and third full season under the ownership of Terry and Kim Pegula. The season was the first under the leadership of general manager Brandon Beane and head coach Sean McDermott. On December 31, the final week of the regular season, the Bills finally ended their 18-year", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "20468641", "text": "2018 Buffalo Bills season The 2018 season is the Buffalo Bills' 59th season in the National Football League, their fourth full season under the ownership of Terry and Kim Pegula, and their second under both general manager Brandon Beane and head coach Sean McDermott. The team previously finished with a 9-7 record in 2017 and returned to the playoffs for the first time after having not been to the playoffs since 1999. After a 21–17 loss to the rival Miami Dolphins in Week 13, the Bills failed to improve their 9–7 record from the previous season. They were officially eliminated", "title": "2018 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11951624", "text": "for 422 yards and two touchdowns, the Bills jumped to a 27–0 lead going into the fourth quarter, and rushed for an NFL playoff-record 341 yards, led by Thurman Thomas's 25 carries for 158 yards. The Bills forced four turnovers, including intercepting Marino three times, in the victory. It was the final game of Don Shula's coaching career with the Dolphins. As of 2017, this was the last time that the Bills won a playoff game. Running back Bam Morris scored two touchdowns in the fourth quarter as the Steelers stopped the Bills from pulling off a comeback. Pittsburgh jumped", "title": "1995 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "14179410", "text": "had the toughest schedule for any NFL team since 1971, with nine games against opponents 10–6 or better. Apart from their AFC East division games, the Bills played against the AFC North and NFC North according to the conference rotation, and played the Chiefs and Jaguars based on 2009 divisional positions. Though the Bills were the last team to record their first win in 2010, starting the season with eight consecutive losses, they improved greatly in the second half of the season, with a record of 4–4 to finish the year. Nine of the Bills' twelve losses were to teams", "title": "2010 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "16980192", "text": "5–9, but were eliminated from playoff contention with the Miami Dolphins' win over the New England Patriots. With the win, the Bills improved to 6-9. With the loss, the Bills ended their season at 6-10. 2013 Buffalo Bills season The 2013 Buffalo Bills season was the franchise's 44th season in the National Football League and the first under head coach Doug Marrone. It was also the final season under the ownership of Ralph Wilson, who died in March 2014 at the age of 95. The team equaled their record from 2012 and missed the playoffs, increasing their playoff drought to", "title": "2013 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19799716", "text": "like a forward pass, but was ruled a fumble and returned for a 52-yard TD by rookie CB Tre'Davious White. With the win, the Bills improve to 3–1 for the first time since 2011 and regained sole possession of first place in the AFC East with the Patriots losing 33–30 to the Panthers, but lost starting receiver Jordan Matthews and starting linebacker Ramon Humber to multi-week thumb injuries. Looking to continue their winning ways after upsetting the Falcons the week prior, the Bills traveled down to Cincinnati to take on the Bengals, who got their first win of the season", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11951580", "text": "1979 Buffalo Bills season The 1979 Buffalo Bills season was the 20th season for the club, and its tenth in the National Football League. Head coach Chuck Knox spent his second season with the Bills in 1979, improving on 1978's record by two games. The Bills were 7–6 with three games left to play, but they lost their final three games to finish with a losing record. (Even if Buffalo had won their final three games, they still would have lost the head-to-head tiebreaker to the Miami Dolphins (who finished 10–6) for the division title.) Buffalo's loss to Miami in", "title": "1979 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "4702625", "text": "offensive performer with 11 receptions for 154 yards and a touchdown. This was the final game in the career of Dolphins head coach Don Shula, who retired as the NFL's all-time leader in coaching wins. It also marked a continuation of dominance against Miami by Bills coach Marv Levy. Since taking over as Buffalo's coach in 1986, Levy recorded a 17-5 record against the Dolphins, including 3-0 in the playoffs. As of 2017, this is the Bills' most recent playoff victory. Prior to this game, Detroit tackle Lomas Brown famously guaranteed on television that the Lions would win. The Eagles", "title": "1995–96 NFL playoffs" }, { "id": "9860996", "text": "despite a 27–14 loss to the Detroit Lions. After the 1977 season, Simpson was traded to the San Francisco 49ers. 1980 marked the 3rd year the Bills were good. They beat the archrival Miami Dolphins for the first time in 11 years in their season opener, en route to an 11-5 season and their first AFC East title. However, they lost to the San Diego Chargers 20-14 in the divisional playoffs. In 1981, the Bills made the playoffs as a wild-card team with a 10-6 record. They defeated the New York Jets 31-27 in the wild card round of the", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "14354819", "text": "did not meet again until Week 15 in the 2017 season. During the game, which also carried playoff implications, Bills running back LeSean McCoy topped 10,000 career rushing yards, becoming just the 30th NFL running back to do so. Buffalo won 24–16 as Dolphins quarterback Jay Cutler threw three interceptions. Two weeks later, a fight ensued after a Dolphins touchdown in the fourth quarter that led to multiple ejections. After staving off a Dolphins comeback, the Bills clinched their first playoff berth in 18 years with a win in Miami, along with a Cincinnati Bengals victory over the Baltimore Ravens.", "title": "Bills–Dolphins rivalry" }, { "id": "17736256", "text": "December 14, the Bills broke a league-leading streak of nine consecutive losing seasons dating back to 2005; however, the next week's 26-24 loss to the Oakland Raiders eliminated them from playoff contention for the 15th consecutive year, continuing a league-leading drought. The team finished with a 17-9 win against the New England Patriots, who were resting the starters in preparation for a playoff run; the win was the first time the team had won at Gillette Stadium (they had lost all 12 previous attempts) and established the team's first winning season since 2004 (former head coach Mike Mularkey's first season).", "title": "2014 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19799710", "text": "the Panthers. McDermott, who signed an undisclosed deal on January 11, 2017, replaced Rex Ryan, who was fired along with his twin brother, Rob. Notes Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. With the defending Super Bowl champion New England Patriots losing 42–27 to the Kansas City Chiefs to kick off the 2017 NFL season and Hurricane Irma delaying the game between the Miami Dolphins and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers to Week 11, the Bills hoped to take advantage and grab first place in the AFC East by beating the Jets, who swept them in 2016. Quarterback Tyrod Taylor threw", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11851139", "text": "(Boston was demolished by San Diego, 51–10). 1963 Buffalo Bills season The 1963 Buffalo Bills season was the team’s fourth season in the American Football League. Winless after their first four games, Buffalo won seven of the final ten games, including the final two over the New York Jets, to finish with their second-consecutive 7–6–1 record, tied with the Boston Patriots atop the Eastern division. In this era, this required a tiebreaker playoff, the AFL's first. The Patriots and Bills had split their season series, each team winning at home, and the Bills were slight favorites as playoff hosts. The", "title": "1963 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11639376", "text": "and 4,045 total yards allowed were both the fewest totals in the NFL in 1999. The Bills finished in second place in the AFC East and finished the National Football League's 1999 season with a record of 11 wins and 5 losses. The Bills qualified for the postseason for the seventh time in the decade. They would lose to the Titans in the game called \"The Music City Miracle\". The team would not make the playoffs again until 2017, where they were defeated by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the Wild-Card round. The Music City Miracle is a famous play in", "title": "1999 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "39975", "text": "2017, including a playoff win in 1981. The Bills and Chiefs were also original teams in the AFL and have had a long history against each other, despite never being in the same division. This rivalry heated up recently as the Bills and Chiefs met in consecutive years from 2008 to 2015, and again in 2017. The teams have played three playoff games against each other, including the AFL Championship game that determined the AFL's (later AFC) representative in the first Super Bowl, with Kansas City winning and going on to face the Green Bay Packers in the Super Bowl.", "title": "Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "39956", "text": "franchise of the American Football League (AFL) in 1960. The club joined the NFL as a result of the AFL–NFL merger for the 1970 season. The 1964 and 1965 Bills were the only teams representing Buffalo that won major league professional sports championships (\"back-to-back\" American Football League Championships). The Bills are the only team to win four consecutive conference championships and are the only NFL team to lose four consecutive Super Bowl games. The team was owned by Ralph Wilson from the team's founding in 1960, until his death in 2014 at the age of 95. After his death, Wilson's", "title": "Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "5201056", "text": "be ordered by name, number of division wins, playoff berths, or titles. AFC East The American Football Conference – Eastern Division or AFC East is a division of the National Football League (NFL)'s American Football Conference (AFC). There are currently four teams that reside in the division: the Buffalo Bills (based in Orchard Park, New York); the Miami Dolphins (based in Miami Gardens, Florida); the New England Patriots (based in Foxborough, Massachusetts); and the New York Jets (based in East Rutherford, New Jersey). Since the division's enfranchisement in 1960, with the creation of the American Football League, the division has", "title": "AFC East" }, { "id": "12289720", "text": "in the 2000s (2000–2009) and would be the Bills' last winning season until 2014. According to Football Outsiders, who has tracked every play in the NFL since the early 1990s, the 2004 Bills are statistically the best NFL team (in their record-keeping history) to have failed to qualify for the playoffs. The Bills set an NFL record by returning six kickoffs for touchdowns in 2004. Their match with the Miami Dolphins in Week 6 is the only time in the NFL since 1968 that the last two winless teams have met each other. The Bills drafted future starters Lee Evans", "title": "2004 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "9861001", "text": "finished atop the AFC East for the first of four consecutive seasons. After a 17-10 victory over the Houston Oilers in the divisional playoff, they lost the AFC championship 21-10 to the Cincinnati Bengals. 1989 was a relative disappointment, with a 9–7 record and a divisional playoff loss to the Cleveland Browns. The Bills had a chance to win the game as time was running out, but Ronnie Harmon dropped a Kelly pass in the corner of the end zone. During this season, the Bills were called the \"Bickering Bills\" by the fans and media due to significant infighting among", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "11851134", "text": "1963 Buffalo Bills season The 1963 Buffalo Bills season was the team’s fourth season in the American Football League. Winless after their first four games, Buffalo won seven of the final ten games, including the final two over the New York Jets, to finish with their second-consecutive 7–6–1 record, tied with the Boston Patriots atop the Eastern division. In this era, this required a tiebreaker playoff, the AFL's first. The Patriots and Bills had split their season series, each team winning at home, and the Bills were slight favorites as playoff hosts. The playoff game on December 28 was played", "title": "1963 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19093861", "text": "2016 Buffalo Bills season The 2016 Buffalo Bills season was the franchise's 57th overall season as a football team, 47th in the National Football League, fourth under leadership of general manager Doug Whaley and second under head coach Rex Ryan. The Bills hoped to improve on their 8–8 record from 2015, the team's first since 2002, but a 34–31 overtime loss to the Miami Dolphins in Week 16 eliminated the Bills from playoff contention for a 17th season in a row, extending the longest active drought among all four North American major professional sports leagues. It would be Ryan's final", "title": "2016 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "14354802", "text": "Bills–Dolphins rivalry The Bills–Dolphins rivalry is a National Football League (NFL) rivalry between the Buffalo Bills and Miami Dolphins. The teams, who are members of the American Football Conference East Division, play two games against one another per season. In the 105 regular season games between the teams in the series, the Dolphins lead 60–44–1 as of 2018. The teams have also met four times in the NFL playoffs. The Bills are 3–1 in the postseason, including a victory in the 1992 AFC Championship Game. After Miami joined the American Football League (AFL) for the 1966 season, it played against", "title": "Bills–Dolphins rivalry" }, { "id": "20468654", "text": "conversion sealed the loss for the Bills as the team fell to 4-8. A late touchdown by Jets running back Elijah McGuire proved to be the game-winning score with just over a minute left. With the loss, the Bills fell to 4–9 and were eliminated from playoff contention. Linebacker Matt Milano suffered a broken fibula late in the game, ending his season. 2018 Buffalo Bills season The 2018 season is the Buffalo Bills' 59th season in the National Football League, their fourth full season under the ownership of Terry and Kim Pegula, and their second under both general manager Brandon", "title": "2018 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11528023", "text": "Buffalo sealed the win with kicker Rian Lindell nailing the game-winning 38-yard field goal. With the win, the Bills improved to 3–0 for the first time since 1992. With the Patriots' loss to the Dolphins, the Bills are now in first place in the AFC East after 3 weeks. Also, during halftime, former Bills DE Bruce Smith (the NFL's All-Time Sack Leader) was added to the Bills Wall of Fame. Coming off their last-second home win over the Raiders, the Bills flew to the Edward Jones Dome for a Week 4 interconference duel with the winless St. Louis Rams. In", "title": "2008 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "10278808", "text": "1964 American Football League Championship Game The 1964 American Football League Championship Game was the American Football League's fifth championship game, played at War Memorial Stadium in Buffalo, New York, on Saturday, December 26. The Buffalo Bills (12–2) of the Eastern Division hosted the defending AFL champion San Diego Chargers (8–5–1) of the Western Division. The two had met twice in the regular season and the Bills won both, most recently by three points in San Diego a month earlier on Thanksgiving Day. Hall of fame wide receiver Lance Alworth of the Chargers was injured in the final regular season", "title": "1964 American Football League Championship Game" }, { "id": "16698663", "text": "the Bills and Gino Cappelletti made four field goals and two extra points to help lift the Patriots to victory. Throughout the remainder of the decade, the teams would complete a 12–9 record in favor of the Patriots. The Bills won the AFL championship game in 1964 and 1965, and won the division in 1966. The Patriots lost to the San Diego Chargers in their only AFLchampionship appearance in 1963. Both teams were placed into the AFC East after the AFL–NFL merger. During this time period, the Bills went 12–8 against the Patriots. The Bills sustained a winning streak of", "title": "Bills–Patriots rivalry" }, { "id": "15201249", "text": "2011 Buffalo Bills season The 2011 Buffalo Bills season was the team's 42nd season in the National Football League and its 52nd overall. The Bills improved on their 4–12 record from the 2010 season, winning six games; however, the team also missed the playoffs for the twelfth consecutive season; the team had not made the playoffs since 1999, the longest standing playoff drought in the NFL at the time. Buffalo played in the Eastern division of the American Football Conference (AFC). In week 3 of the season, the Bills broke a 15-game losing streak that the team had accrued against", "title": "2011 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "12853207", "text": "Miami Dolphins, New England Patriots, and New York Jets), four intra-conference games versus the AFC South (one game each against the Houston Texans, Indianapolis Colts, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Tennessee Titans), four inter-conference games against teams from the NFC South (one game each against the Atlanta Falcons, Carolina Panthers, New Orleans Saints, and Tampa Bay Buccaneers), and two games against the remaining two AFC teams that, like Buffalo, finished fourth in their respective divisions in 2008 (one game each versus the Cleveland Browns and Kansas City Chiefs). For the first time, the Bills faced the Buccaneers in Buffalo; in the 33-year", "title": "2009 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "5201048", "text": "AFC East The American Football Conference – Eastern Division or AFC East is a division of the National Football League (NFL)'s American Football Conference (AFC). There are currently four teams that reside in the division: the Buffalo Bills (based in Orchard Park, New York); the Miami Dolphins (based in Miami Gardens, Florida); the New England Patriots (based in Foxborough, Massachusetts); and the New York Jets (based in East Rutherford, New Jersey). Since the division's enfranchisement in 1960, with the creation of the American Football League, the division has been represented in nineteen Super Bowls and won eight of them. The", "title": "AFC East" }, { "id": "17736249", "text": "2014 Buffalo Bills season The 2014 Buffalo Bills season was the franchise's 45th season in the National Football League, 55th season of competition, second under head coach Doug Marrone and the first in franchise history without Ralph Wilson as owner. The Bills improved on their 6–10 record from 2013, finishing with a 9–7 record, their first winning season since 2004, but it still didn't help the team make the playoffs. Ralph Wilson, the founding owner of the Buffalo Bills, died at the age of 95 on March 25, 2014. In his will, Wilson placed the team into a trust governed", "title": "2014 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "5201050", "text": "Bowls. The Jets held a record of 392-468-8, with a playoff record of 12-13 including a victory in Super Bowl III. In 2012, the Patriots broke a tie with the Dolphins for winning the most division titles; with subsequent division titles in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 the Patriots have won 20 AFL/AFC East division titles to Miami's 14. The Bills have won ten division titles, and the Jets have won four. Two teams formerly in the division combined for ten AFL/AFC East titles – the Houston Oilers (now the Tennessee Titans) won four division titles (and the 1960", "title": "AFC East" }, { "id": "14354818", "text": "The Dolphins won a close game 34–31 in overtime to move to 10–5 on the year and clinched a playoff berth for the first time since 2008 with a Denver Broncos loss the next day. Buffalo, on the other hand, was eliminated from the postseason with the loss despite posting a franchise record 589 yards of offense in a single game. Its defense allowed a 57-yard run from Ajayi in overtime with only 10 defenders on the field, which set up Miami's game-winning field goal. Shortly after the game, the Bills fired head coach Rex Ryan. The Bills and Dolphins", "title": "Bills–Dolphins rivalry" }, { "id": "15201254", "text": "win over Washington in Toronto (their only victory north of the border, as their Toronto Series was cancelled after the 2013 season), Buffalo suffered a seven-game losing streak to the New York Jets (twice), Dallas Cowboys, Miami Dolphins (twice), Tennessee Titans and San Diego Chargers, with the Week 14 loss to San Diego eliminating the team from postseason contention (with the Detroit Lions earning a playoff spot in Week 16, and the Houston Texans winning the AFC South in 2011, the Bills now have sole possession of the NFL's longest current playoff drought, at 12 and counting). The 2011 losing", "title": "2011 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "18405739", "text": "2009 and 2010 before his firing in 2014. He became the 18th head coach in Bills history and the fifth in the past seven years in the process. Ryan replaced Doug Marrone, who opted out of his contract on December 31, 2014 in order to take advantage of a contract loophole. Notes Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. The Bills franchise reached the 400th career win in its history with a 27-14 win over the Colts. Running backs Karlos Williams, LeSean McCoy and quarterback Tyrod Taylor combined for 137 rushing yards and a touchdown (Anthony Dixon added another on", "title": "2015 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11640040", "text": "1973 Buffalo Bills season The 1973 Buffalo Bills season was the 14th season for the team and their fourth season in the National Football League (NFL). The Bills finished in second place in the AFC East division and finished the 1973 NFL season with a record of 9 wins and 5 losses, the team's first winning record since 1966. Head coach Lou Saban began the second season of his second tenure with the Bills. Saban had previously led the team to the 1964 and 1965 AFL championships. It was the first season that the team played in Rich Stadium (now", "title": "1973 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11640068", "text": "1988 Buffalo Bills season The 1988 Buffalo Bills season was the 29th season for the team and the 19th season in the National Football League (NFL). The Bills ended a streak of four consecutive losing seasons by winning the AFC East; they finished the NFL's 1988 season with a record of 12 wins and 4 losses; it was the club's first winning season since 1981, its first 12-win season since the 1964 AFL championship season, and only the fifth double-digit win season in team history. The Bills were 8–0 at home for the first time in their franchise history. On", "title": "1988 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "14354804", "text": "1969, 28–3. The game, which featured two receiving touchdowns by O. J. Simpson, proved to be their last win in the series for 11 years. Following the 1969 season, the AFL and NFL completed the AFL–NFL merger by re-aligning the NFL's divisions. The Bills and Dolphins joined the NFL's new AFC East division, guaranteeing that they would play twice per year, once at each team's home stadium. In the 1970s, Miami won all 20 meetings between the teams; 12 of the victories came by 10 or more points. One of the most notable games of this period came in 1972,", "title": "Bills–Dolphins rivalry" }, { "id": "19093866", "text": "With the win, the Bills improve to 4–2 and their first four-game winning streak since 2008 (the team started that season 4–0 in Dick Jauron's last full season as head coach). The Bills led 17–6 by the start of the fourth quarter, but the Dolphins came back to win 28–25, causing the Bills to drop to 4–3. With the loss, not only did the Bills drop to 4–5, but they also lost center Eric Wood for the season. With the win, the Bills improved to 5–5, but running back LeSean McCoy, wide receiver Robert Woods and safety Robert Blanton left", "title": "2016 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "17736259", "text": "in making the call.\" 2014 Buffalo Bills season The 2014 Buffalo Bills season was the franchise's 45th season in the National Football League, 55th season of competition, second under head coach Doug Marrone and the first in franchise history without Ralph Wilson as owner. The Bills improved on their 6–10 record from 2013, finishing with a 9–7 record, their first winning season since 2004, but it still didn't help the team make the playoffs. Ralph Wilson, the founding owner of the Buffalo Bills, died at the age of 95 on March 25, 2014. In his will, Wilson placed the team", "title": "2014 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "14354813", "text": "Dolphins victory over the Bills, sportswriter Bill Plaschke called the game \"a considerable step toward making their rivalry the ugliest in the league\". The teams met twice more in the playoffs during the 1990s. On December 30, 1995, Buffalo broke the league record for rushing yards in a game with 341, winning 37–22. This was Dolphins head coach Don Shula's last game in the NFL. Three seasons later, the teams met at Pro Player Stadium on January 2, 1999 for their fourth of the decade, which the Dolphins won 24–17 after forcing five Bills turnovers. In regular season games during", "title": "Bills–Dolphins rivalry" }, { "id": "18419139", "text": "time since Super Bowl XXVI, as the Bills came into this game having won the last 6 games against Washington. With the win, the Redskins clinched the division title for the first time since 2012. Redskins fans would travel well for this game, and the Redskins powered out to a 24–0 lead during the second quarter. The Cowboys would try to come back, but they wouldn't, as the Skins won 34–23. With the win, the Redskins ended their season at 9–7, their first winning record since 2012. The Redskins, favored by 1, struggled in the second half, letting Green Bay", "title": "2015 Washington Redskins season" }, { "id": "16514293", "text": "the Jets failing to secure a playoff berth by losing a game to the Bills via three missed field goals. In 1998, the Jets secured their first ever AFC East division title by beating the Bills. In 2008, the Bills were coming off a 5–1 start, but lost 8 of their remaining ten games to finish 7–9 and out of the playoffs. Two of those losses came against the Jets; the latter included a J. P. Losman fumble returned for the Jets' game-winning touchdown as the Bills were trying to run out the clock. In 2009, Mark Sanchez threw 5", "title": "Bills–Jets rivalry" }, { "id": "19799727", "text": "the Dolphins added a field goal. The Bills then fought off a comeback, including a fight that saw Jarvis Landry and Kenyan Drake get ejected. After a Miami touchdown that left them down six, history from the Bills–Dolphins game two weeks prior repeated itself: the Dolphins recovered an onside kick, then threw an interception with a minute to go to seal the game. With the win, Buffalo improved to 9–7, its first winning season since 2014. At the end of the game, the Bills were still waiting for the final outcome between the Cincinnati Bengals and the Baltimore Ravens to", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "4777854", "text": "championship drought as long, as of 2013 (50 years). This is also the only time that the Chargers have beaten the Patriots in a postseason game. Mike Stratton's hit on San Diego Chargers Running Back Keith Lincoln set the stage for the Buffalo Bills and their first AFL championship. This was the last AFL Championship Game before the Super Bowl era began the following season and the last time a final pro football championship game was played in December. It was also the most recent championship won by a Buffalo-based professional sports team. The Bills went into the 1966 AFL", "title": "American Football League playoffs" }, { "id": "39958", "text": "American Football League led by head coach Buster Ramsey and joined the NFL as part of the AFL–NFL merger in 1970. The Bills won two consecutive American Football League titles in 1964 and 1965, but the club has yet to win a league championship since. Once the AFL–NFL merger took effect, the Bills became the second NFL team to represent the city; they followed the Buffalo All-Americans, a charter member of the league. Buffalo had been left out of the league since the All-Americans (by that point renamed the Bisons) folded in 1929; the Bills were no less than the", "title": "Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "19799730", "text": "donations to his charity, the P.U.N.T. Foundation, which has extensive operations in Western New York. As a result of Buffalo making it into the NFL playoffs for the first time since 1999, the Cleveland Browns now hold the longest NFL postseason drought at 15 seasons. MLB's Seattle Mariners hold the longest such drought in all North American sports at 17 seasons. The Bills were looking to win their first playoff game since 1995, as they faced the #3-seeded Jacksonville Jaguars, another team that has recently ended a lengthy playoff drought. Despite taking a 3–0 lead shortly before halftime on a", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "16514291", "text": "and Jets finished with winning records. Regardless, the two teams share a bond due to similarities in their team playing styles and luck. The Bills lead the overall series, 62–55. The Bills won the two teams' only postseason meeting, defeating the Jets 31–27 in the 1981 AFC Wild Card round. There were a handful of memorable games in the early history of this rivalry. In 1973, O.J. Simpson eclipsed Jim Brown's rushing yards record to surpass 2,000 yards in a 34–6 Bills win. Eight years later, the teams played their only playoff game together. In the 1981 AFC Wild Card", "title": "Bills–Jets rivalry" }, { "id": "19799720", "text": "team with over 180 yards from scrimmage and rookie linebacker Matt Milano also scored off a fumble recovery. With the win, the Bills improved to 5–2 for the third time since 2008. Coming off the convincing win against Oakland, the Bills traveled to New Jersey for a Thursday Night rematch against their division rivals New York Jets. Though heavily favored to win, the Bills played poorly on defense and allowed the Jets to run for 194 yards and three rushing touchdowns. The offense surrendered three fumbles which ultimately influenced the course of the game, despite receivers Zay Jones and Deonte", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "9861012", "text": "Patriots team; the Bills won against the Patriots in September, then in late October the Patriots won after three touchdowns were scored in the final 85 seconds. The Bills still made the playoffs as the Wild Card home team; they became the first victim of the cinderella Jacksonville Jaguars, the first (and as of the present only) visiting team ever to win a playoff game at Rich Stadium. Jim Kelly retired after the season after the Bills management told him they were moving in a new direction and wanted him to help develop a younger QB to take over, signaling", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "11640074", "text": "1989 Buffalo Bills season The 1989 Buffalo Bills season was the 30th season for the team and the 20th season in the National Football League (NFL). The Bills finished in first place in the AFC East and finished the National Football League's 1989 season with a record of 9 wins and 7 losses. Although Buffalo won the division and qualified for the postseason, their record was a drop off from their 12–4 mark in 1988. The team was nicknamed the Bickering Bills because of a rash of internal conflicts within the team. During a Monday Night loss to the Denver", "title": "1989 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "214572", "text": "the next week in the Divisional Round as the New York Jets defeated the Jaguars 34–24. In 1999, the Jaguars compiled a league best 14–2 regular season record, the best record in franchise history. The team's two losses were to the Tennessee Titans. The Jaguars won the AFC Central Division for the second straight year and clinched the #1 seed in the AFC. The Jaguars hosted the Miami Dolphins in the AFC Divisional playoffs, a 62–7 victory in what would be Dan Marino and Jimmy Johnson's last NFL game. Jacksonville's 62 points and 55-point margin are the second most ever", "title": "Jacksonville Jaguars" }, { "id": "12853232", "text": "victory for the Jets. With the loss, Buffalo fell to 4–8 overall and 1–2 since firing Jauron. Buffalo won its season finale for the first time since 2002. 2009 Buffalo Bills season The 2009 Buffalo Bills season was the 50th Professional Football season for the original American Football League team, and its 40th in the NFL. The Bills were unable to improve upon their third consecutive 7–9 regular season record (2006, 2007 and 2008) and failed to make the playoffs for the 10th consecutive year, the longest standing playoff drought in the NFL. Dick Jauron returned as head coach for", "title": "2009 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "4327073", "text": "Miracle was added to the list of infamous moments in Buffalo sports history, joining \"Wide Right\" and \"No Goal\". It marked the start of what eventually became the longest active playoff drought in any of the four major North American sports leagues, as the Bills would go on to miss the playoffs for 17 straight years, finally qualifying again in the 2017 season (the playoff game in question then taking place in 2018). The Bills' last playoff win came in . Although the Bills had lost four consecutive Super Bowls before this game, many Bills fans consider this game to", "title": "Music City Miracle" }, { "id": "5394248", "text": "Dolphins in the divisional round of the 1990–91 NFL playoffs, destroying the Los Angeles Raiders 51 to 3 in the AFC championship game, but barely losing to the Bill Parcells-led New York Giants in Super Bowl XXV 20 to 19. In 1991, the Bills won the AFC east division again, beating the Kansas City Chiefs in the divisional round of the 1991–92 NFL playoffs, the Denver Broncos in the AFC championship game but losing to the Joe Gibbs-led Washington Redskins in Super Bowl XXVI. One more year of joy and frustration occurred in 1992, when the Bills won the AFC", "title": "Kent Hull" }, { "id": "9861623", "text": "1–15 in 2007 to 11–5. Additionally, Miami won the AFC East, becoming the first team in NFL history to win their division after only having one win the previous season. However, the Dolphins lost in the first round of the playoffs to the Baltimore Ravens, 27–9. In 2009 the Dolphins again started off 0–2. Tom Brady returned to action, and so another Dolphins division title seemed unlikely. In week 3 Chad Pennington suffered a shoulder injury against the San Diego Chargers and was out for the rest of the 2009 season. Second-year quarterback Chad Henne replaced him. Under Henne, the", "title": "History of the Miami Dolphins" }, { "id": "11467709", "text": "The Bills, under backup quarterback Frank Reich, defeated the Miami Dolphins and wrapped up the AFC East title. Reich connected with James Lofton and Andre Reed for touchdowns, ultimately winning 24–14 despite fourteen penalties to five for Miami. Bills Head Coach Marv Levy decided to rest his starters for the playoffs, dropping the final game of the season in Washington, 29–14. The Bills finish with their best record in club history at 13 wins 3 losses. Miami Dolphins (12–4) at Buffalo Bills (13–3) Despite being a close score, the Bills never trailed in this classic Jim Kelly versus Dan Marino", "title": "1990 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "10278610", "text": "teams in the league for a total of 14 games, and the best team in the Eastern Division would play against the best in the Western Division in a championship game. If there was tie in the standings, a playoff would be held to determine the division winner. The Buffalo Bills won their first nine games, before Boston beat them at home on November 15, 36–28. Buffalo came back from a 24–14 deficit at San Diego on Thanksgiving Day to eke out a 27–24 win. On December 6 at Oakland, the Raiders beat the Bills on the final play of", "title": "1964 American Football League season" }, { "id": "18405743", "text": "did the Bills improve to 6-6, they remained in the wild card race. It’s also the Bills first win against the Texans since 2006. LeSean McCoy made his return to Philadelphia for the first time since the Eagles traded him in the offseason. McCoy was seen kissing the Eagles logo, but did not stick around to interact with his former teammates or coach Chip Kelly. With the loss, not only did the Bills drop to 6-8, but they were officially eliminated from playoff contention for the 16th consecutive season. With the win, the Bills improved to 7-8 heading into the", "title": "2015 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "12905466", "text": "Buffalo Bills, the Dolphins would end the season with a 3–10–1 record. Their week 10 loss to the Buffalo Bills would be the last time the Dolphins lost to the Bills until 1980, as the Dolphins won 20 straight against the Bills from 1970–1979. This became known as \"The Streak\", as it set an NFL record for longest winning streak for one team against one opponent, which, as of 2018, is still an NFL record that has not been seriously threatened. 1969 Miami Dolphins season The 1969 Miami Dolphins season was the team's fourth season, and their final season in", "title": "1969 Miami Dolphins season" }, { "id": "11711245", "text": "a 4th and 1 with under two minutes to go. Eric Moulds caught 9 passes for 123 yards and a touchdown, while Peerless Price caught 4 passes for 101 yards and a touchdown. With this win, the Bills were 5-3 and tied for first place in the division with the Dolphins. \"at Ralph Wilson Stadium, Orchard Park, New York\" After three straight wins, the Bills' next game against the Patriots - which was also Drew Bledsoe's first game against his former team - was a disaster. The Patriots marched down the field on their opening possession with Tom Brady finding", "title": "2002 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11629688", "text": "1966 Buffalo Bills season The 1966 Buffalo Bills season was the team’s seventh season in the American Football League. It was the first season for head coach Joe Collier, who had been the Bills' defensive coordinator for the previous four seasons. It ended with a loss in the AFL Championship Game to the Kansas City Chiefs, ending the team's two-year reign as league champions. The score was 31-7 during the time. The Bills allowed the fewest points in the AFL for the third consecutive year. Although defensive tackle Tom Sestak hampered by a bad knee, defensive linemen Jim Dunaway and", "title": "1966 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19799714", "text": "and two touchdowns and kicker Steven Hauschka kicking four field goals, including two from beyond 50 yards. The Bills defense intercepted QB Trevor Siemian twice as the team won a close-fought game 26–16. An unsportsmanlike-conduct penalty against LB Von Miller allowed the Bills to continue a stalled drive in the fourth quarter and ice the game with Hauschka's fourth field goal. With the win, the Bills improved to 2–1 heading into their Week 4 matchup against the defending NFC Champion Atlanta Falcons. Prior to the game, several members of both teams knelt during the national anthem in the wake of", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "12330364", "text": "1979 Miami Dolphins season The 1979 Miami Dolphins season was the 14th year of existence for the Miami Dolphins franchise. Prior to the start of the season the Dolphins re-signed Larry Csonka who left to join the WFL after the 1974 season. Despite struggles from Bob Griese all year, the Dolphins finished 10-6 and won their first division title in five years. Among the season highlights were the Dolphins 19th and 20th consecutive wins over the Buffalo Bills. For the entire decade of the 1970s (1970–79) the Dolphins hold a perfect 20-0 record over the Bills, which contributed to O.J.", "title": "1979 Miami Dolphins season" }, { "id": "14354810", "text": "who became key figures in the rivalry. From 1986 to 1996, they had a total of 21 matchups, counting postseason games. In the , the Bills and Dolphins met for the first time in the postseason. Buffalo won the divisional round game, held at Rich Stadium, 44–34, as Kelly threw for three touchdowns. Two seasons later, the teams met again in the playoffs, this time in the . Players from both teams commented on the rivalry's intensity at the time; Richmond Webb, a Miami offensive lineman, said, \"I don't know how it got started – it was a long time", "title": "Bills–Dolphins rivalry" }, { "id": "10914748", "text": "McCoy to the Bills. On December 19, 2017, McCoy was named to his sixth Pro Bowl. The Bills finished the regular season with a 9–7 record and made the playoffs as the #6-seed. In the Wild Card Round against the Jacksonville Jaguars, he finished with 75 rushing yards and 44 receiving yards as the Bills lost by a score of 10–3. Despite a chaotic offseason, the Bills named McCoy a team captain for the 2018 season. Out of the gate, McCoy struggled along with the team partly due to an overall inexperienced offensive unit. In the first nine games, McCoy", "title": "LeSean McCoy" }, { "id": "11710757", "text": "1969 Buffalo Bills season The 1969 Buffalo Bills season was the team’s tenth season, and was the final season of the American Football League before the 1970 AFL-NFL Merger. The Bills played an AFL-record seven games against opponents that went on to reach the postseason; Buffalo lost all seven of these games. The 1969 season was the first for running back O.J. Simpson, who would go on to a Hall of Fame career. Although Buffalo only won four games, their penultimate win—a Week Ten victory against the Miami Dolphins—would be their last victory against the Dolphins until the 1980 season.", "title": "1969 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "16980186", "text": "2013 Buffalo Bills season The 2013 Buffalo Bills season was the franchise's 44th season in the National Football League and the first under head coach Doug Marrone. It was also the final season under the ownership of Ralph Wilson, who died in March 2014 at the age of 95. The team equaled their record from 2012 and missed the playoffs, increasing their playoff drought to 14 seasons. This was the first year of renewed leases on Ralph Wilson Stadium and for the Bills Toronto Series, both of which were signed in the preceding offseason. The Toronto series was originally set", "title": "2013 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "9860995", "text": "of a 16-game season. The team made the NFL playoffs at 9–5 for the first time in history in 1974, but in their divisional playoff, they lost to the eventual Super Bowl champions, the Pittsburgh Steelers. After an 8–6 1975 season, the Bills had internal troubles in 1976; Ferguson was injured and Gary Marangi proved ineffective in replacement. The team dropped to the bottom of the AFC East at 2–12, where they stayed for the rest of the 1970s. On a high note, the 1976 Thanksgiving Day game saw Simpson set the league record for rushing yards in a game,", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "19093868", "text": "game to overtime with a 55-yard field goal with six seconds on the clock. They then secured the win with 47 seconds left in the extra period with another field goal from 27 yards. The loss for the Bills meant they were eliminated from playoff contention for the 17th consecutive season. Two days later, the Bills fired head coach Rex Ryan and assistant head coach Rob Ryan. Anthony Lynn served as interim head coach, and EJ Manuel made his first start of the season. With the loss, Buffalo ended the season 7–9. 2016 Buffalo Bills season The 2016 Buffalo Bills", "title": "2016 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "16698674", "text": "a win and help from other teams to win the AFC East, while the 7–8 Bills were wrapping up the ninth straight season without a playoff berth. Played with severe wind gusts that required stadium officials to use ropes to keep the goalposts from swaying, the game was a 13–0 Patriots win as Matt Cassel, subbing for injured Tom Brady, threw only eight passes. However, the Patriots fell short of the division title. The game on September 26, 2010 was noteworthy on several levels. The Patriots won 38–30, marking the 400th win in the history of the Patriots franchise (regular-season", "title": "Bills–Patriots rivalry" }, { "id": "16977185", "text": "became the first team of the 2013 season to win their division, securing a home playoff game. With the Titans' loss to the Cardinals in Week 15, the Colts were the only AFC South team to make the playoffs. In the AFC Wild Card Game against the Kansas City Chiefs, the Colts rallied to turn a 38–10 Chiefs' lead into a 45–44 victory for the second largest comeback in NFL playoff history. It is behind only the Bills who rallied from a 32-point deficit in the 1993 AFC Wild Card Game. Notes For the first time since the 2002 season,", "title": "2013 Indianapolis Colts season" }, { "id": "9861004", "text": "finishing 13–3 again and with Thurman Thomas winning a couple of awards. In the playoffs, they routed the Kansas City Chiefs 37-14 in the divisional round and beat the Denver Broncos in a defensive struggle, 10-7, in the AFC Championship. The Bills looked to avenge their heartbreaking Super Bowl loss a year earlier by playing the Washington Redskins in Super Bowl XXVI, but it was not to be. The Redskins opened up a 17–0 halftime lead and never looked back, handing the Bills a 37–24 loss. Early in that game, Thurman Thomas lost his helmet and had to sit out", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "16514296", "text": "The Bills also added former Jets Percy Harvin and IK Enemkpali, the latter one day after he was released for breaking Geno Smith's jaw in a locker room altercation. The Bills won both games in 2015, knocking the Jets out of playoff contention with their second win. Tensions arose during the first game on \"Thursday Night Football\" when both teams were still in the hunt for a playoff spot, especially after Ryan made Enemkpali a team captain for that game. The Bills and Jets entered the 2017 season with low expectations, with New York having released or traded away many", "title": "Bills–Jets rivalry" }, { "id": "9908605", "text": "failed to score as a forced pass by Pennington with 6 seconds left ended up in the acrobatic arms of Terrence McGee, preserving the 17–14 victory. The Bills took over second place in the AFC East at 1–3 because of the win, while the Jets fell to 1–3. Coming off their divisional home win over the Jets, the Bills stayed at home, donned their throwback uniforms, and played their first home Monday Night football game in 13 years against the undefeated Dallas Cowboys. In the first quarter, Buffalo got off to a fast start with DB George Wilson returning an", "title": "2007 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19799711", "text": "1-yard TD passes to both TE Charles Clay and WR Andre Holmes, while FB Mike Tolbert rushed for a third touchdown. With Tolbert's score, the Bills recorded a rushing touchdown in 13 straight games, tying a team record set in 1980 and extending the longest active streak in the NFL. Safeties Jordan Poyer and Micah Hyde both got their first takeaways as Bills in the fourth quarter, with Hyde's interception ending any hope of a Jets rally. With the win, the Bills opened the season at 1–0 and in first place in the AFC East heading into their Week 2", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "5394249", "text": "east division title again, beating the Houston Oilers in a wild-card game of the 1992–93 NFL playoffs, the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, the Miami Dolphins in the AFC championship game, but losing to the Jimmie Johnson-led Dallas Cowboys in Super Bowl XXVII. More joys and frustrations occurred in 1993, when the Bills won the AFC east division title again, beating the Los Angeles Raiders in the divisional round of the 1993–94 NFL playoffs, the Kansas City Chiefs in the AFC championship game (rushing for 229 yards, 186 by Thomas), but losing to the Johnson-led Dallas Cowboys in Super", "title": "Kent Hull" }, { "id": "5394250", "text": "Bowl XXVIII. The Bills ran out of gas in 1994, finishing only with a won-lost record of 7–9. But in 1995, the Bills came back to prominence by winning the AFC east divisional title to beat the Dolphins in a wild-card game of the 1995–96 NFL playoffs, rushing for a ridiculous 334 yards, as Hull mauled the opposing defensive tackles Tim Bowens and Chuck Klingbeil as thoroughly as middle linebacker Bryan Cox, but they lost a divisional round game to the Steelers. In 1996, Hull's final year in the NFL, the Bills made the playoffs but lost a wild-card game", "title": "Kent Hull" }, { "id": "11639288", "text": "Diego Chargers. Doug Flutie led the Bills to a 10–5 record in 1999 but, in a controversial decision, was replaced by Rob Johnson for the playoffs by coach Wade Phillips, who later said he was ordered to by Bills owner Ralph Wilson to do so. The Bills lost 22–16 to the eventual AFC champion Tennessee Titans in a game that has become known as the Music City Miracle, where the Titans scored on the penultimate play of the game—a kickoff return following the Bills' apparent game-clinching field goal. After the season ended, Flutie was named the Bills' backup and only", "title": "2000 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "7165365", "text": "to \"get away and focus\". The Bills came out of their bye week and defeated the Miami Dolphins by a score of 33–17, improving their season record to 4–4. Ryan is now 2–5 all time following a bye week. Ryan returned to MetLife Stadium in Week 10 for a much anticipated \"Thursday Night Football\" game against the Jets. The Bills won the game by a score of 22–17, and improved to 5–4 on the season. Ryan faced questions before and after the game about his decision to name IK Enemkpali, who had been released by the Jets in preseason after", "title": "Rex Ryan" }, { "id": "12485082", "text": "picked off once. I was the first time the Bills had been swept by the Dolphins since 1986. The Bills hosted the Chiefs with both teams needing the win to make the playoffs. Steve Bono was harassed all game long and held to just 138 yards with two picks. Jim Kelly rallied the Bills from down 9-6 with two touchdowns. The 20-9 win put the Bills into the playoffs as the AFC Wildcard home team while the Chiefs failed to reach the playoffs for the first time in the decade; it was Kansas City's fourth loss in the last five", "title": "1996 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "9861005", "text": "the first two plays, making the Bills the butt of jokes nationwide. The Bills lost the 1992 AFC East title to the Miami Dolphins and Jim Kelly was injured in the final game of the regular season. Backup quarterback Frank Reich started their wild card playoff game against the Houston Oilers, and they were down 35–3 early in the third quarter. But the Bills rallied behind Reich, taking the lead late in the 4th quarter and winning the game in overtime 41-38. The 35-3 deficit remains, to this day, the largest deficit (32 points) overcome to win a game in", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "5201049", "text": "most recent appearance in the Super Bowl by an AFC East team was the Patriots in Super Bowl LII. Entering 2018, the Patriots had the most wins in the division's history, with a record of 489-387-9, with a playoff record of 32-19 (5-5 in Super Bowls) entering the playoffs of that season. The Dolphins were second at 439-341-4 (having played 84 fewer games than their division rivals) with a playoff record of 20-21 (2-3 in Super Bowls). The Bills were at 400-460-8 with a playoff record of 14-15 (with two American Football League titles) and 0-4 in four consecutive Super", "title": "AFC East" }, { "id": "9908616", "text": "Later in the game, kicker Rian Lindell sealed Miami's fate as he nailed the game-winning 34-yard field goal. With their fourth-straight win, the Bills improved to 5–4, while Miami remains winless at 0–9. This win gave Buffalo their first four-game winning streak for the first time since 2004. Coming off their close victory over the winless Dolphins, the Bills went home to play the 9–0 New England Patriots, coming off their bye week. The game had just started when Randall Gay picked off J. P. Losman, which led to the Patriots first touchdown, a 6-yard run up the middle by", "title": "2007 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "39955", "text": "Buffalo Bills The Buffalo Bills are a professional American football team based in the Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area. The Bills compete in the National Football League (NFL), as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) East division. The team plays their home games at New Era Field in Orchard Park, New York. The Bills are the only NFL team that plays its home games in the state of New York. The Bills conduct summer training camp at St. John Fisher College in Pittsford, New York, an eastern suburb of Rochester. The Bills began play as an original", "title": "Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "19799717", "text": "when they defeated their rival Cleveland Browns 31–7 the previous week. Already missing wideout Jordan Matthews, the Bills offense sputtered for the most part after tight end Charles Clay suffered a knee injury in the second quarter and was ruled out the rest of the game. The Bengals rallied behind strong performances from quarterback Andy Dalton and receiver A.J. Green despite the duo committing three turnovers, and won a close-fought game in the rain 20–16. With the loss, Buffalo falls to 3–2 going into their bye week. Fresh off their bye week, the Bills returned home to host the Tampa", "title": "2017 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "9908627", "text": "quarter, Buffalo put the game away as Edwards hooked up with Evans again on a 70-yard TD pass to secure a season sweep. With the win, the Bills improved to 7–6. Buffalo's 24 first-quarter points became their most since 1992. Coming off their dominating win over the Dolphins, the Bills flew to Cleveland Browns Stadium for a Week 15 intraconference duel with the Cleveland Browns in a race for the wild card. The game was played under horrible weather conditions with heavy lake effect snow falling throughout the game making it difficult for either team to move the ball offensively.", "title": "2007 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "9861011", "text": "selecting several key Bills contributors (backup quarterback Frank Reich, wide receiver Don Beebe and tight end Pete Metzelaars) in the expansion draft, where they formed the core of that team's inaugural roster. The Bills again made the playoffs with a 10–6 record, and defeated Miami in the wild card round. They would not get a chance to get back to the Super Bowl—the Pittsburgh Steelers, who went on to advance to the Super Bowl, beat Buffalo in the divisional playoffs 40–21. In 1996, the Bills saw their commanding lead in the AFC East race disappear to a surging New England", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "9861020", "text": "passing records in the process. However, in a tough division with all other teams finishing 9–7, they were still in last place. Another Patriots castoff, safety Lawyer Milloy, who joined the Bills days before the 2003 season began, gave the team an immediate boost on defense. After beating eventual champions New England 31–0 in the first game, and crushing the Jaguars in their second game, play-by-play announcer Van Miller immediately announced his retirement as of the end of the season, expecting the team to have a shot at the title. However, the Bills stumbled through the rest of the season,", "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills" }, { "id": "7174910", "text": "players, especially Golden Tate, were upset by Schwartz's decision to be carried off the field against his former team. The Bills ended the season fourth in the NFL in points and yards allowed per game with 18.1 and 312.2, respectively, while ranking third in takeaways with 30. The Bills also finished with their first winning record in ten years at 9–7, with defensive linemen Kyle Williams, Marcell Dareus and Mario Williams being named to the Pro Bowl and the latter two being named First-Team All-Pro. Despite the success, head coach Doug Marrone resigned at the end of the season and", "title": "Jim Schwartz" }, { "id": "258318", "text": "team struggled with defensive injuries in 1991, and narrowly missed the playoffs, losing the AFC's final berth in an overtime loss to the rival New York Jets in the final week of the season. The Dolphins rebounded in 1992, starting the season 6–0 and finishing 11–5 to capture the AFC East title behind a career year from running back Mark Higgs and tight end Keith Jackson, newly acquired from the Philadelphia Eagles as an unrestricted free agent. They crushed the Chargers in the divisional playoffs 31–0, but were defeated by the Buffalo Bills 29–10 in their last AFC Championship appearance", "title": "Miami Dolphins" }, { "id": "11851129", "text": "1962 Buffalo Bills season The 1962 Buffalo Bills season was the team’s third season in the American Football League. The Bills finished the season with a 7–6–1 record, third place in the AFL East; it was the Bills' first-ever season finishing with a winning record. The Bills lost their first five games of the season, but finished the final nine games with only one loss (and one tie). The Bills were a run-heavy offense in 1962; they led the league in rushing yards, with 2,480. The Bills ran the ball 58.8 percent of the time on offense. The Bills gained", "title": "1962 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "16980191", "text": "goal range. A couple of plays later, Mike Nugent would kick the game winning 43-yard field goal to end the game. With the tough loss, the Bills fell to 2-4. With the win, the Bills improved to 3-4. This marks the Bills' only game outside of the Eastern time zone during the season. With the loss, the Bills fell to 3-6. With the loss, the Bills fell to 3-7. With the win, the Bills improved to 4-7. With the loss, the Bills fell to 4-8. With the loss, the Bills fell to 4-9. With the win, the Bills improved to", "title": "2013 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11639380", "text": "the call on the field was upheld as a touchdown, and the Titans won the game 22–16. After the game, however, many Bills players and fans continued to insist that it was indeed an illegal forward pass. The victory, in front of a franchise-record crowd at Adelphia Coliseum, allowed the Tennessee franchise to advance to the divisional round of the AFC playoffs for the first time since 1993. Subsequent victories over the Indianapolis Colts and Jacksonville Jaguars sent the Titans to Super Bowl XXXIV to face the St. Louis Rams, where they lost by one yard. It could be said", "title": "1999 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "19093867", "text": "the game with injuries. With the win, the Bills improved to 6–5, but defensive tackle Corbin Bryant and wide receiver Walt Powell had to miss the rest of the season. With the loss, the Bills dropped to 6–6. With the win, the Bills improved to 7–7 and keep their slim playoff chances alive. The team set a new franchise record for rushing touchdowns in a season (27) with LeSean McCoy's second rushing score of the game. After the Bills took the lead with a touchdown inside the two-minute warning at the end of the fourth quarter, the Dolphins took the", "title": "2016 Buffalo Bills season" }, { "id": "11847434", "text": "Flutie to back up Johnson; Flutie would end the 1998 season with the NFL Comeback Player of the Year Award. The opening game for 1998 constituted the first time since 1985 that the Bills played the San Diego Chargers. The reason for this is that before the admission of the Texans in 2002, NFL scheduling formulas for games outside a team’s division were much more influenced by table position during the previous season. Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Bye Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 1998 Buffalo Bills season The 1998 Buffalo Bills season was the team's", "title": "1998 Buffalo Bills season" } ]	when was the last time the bills won their division
[ "1754" ]	[ { "id": "1121190", "text": "French and Indian Wars The French and Indian Wars is a name used in the United States for a series of conflicts that occurred in North America between 1688 and 1763 and were related to the European dynastic wars. The title \"French and Indian War\" in the singular is used in the United States specifically for the warfare of 1754–63, the North American colonial counterpart to the Seven Years' War in Europe. The French and Indian Wars were preceded by the Beaver Wars. In Quebec, Canada, a former French colony, the wars are generally referred to as the War of", "title": "French and Indian Wars" }, { "id": "507330", "text": "Cherokee tribes, and the French colonists were supported by Wabanaki Confederacy member tribes Abenaki and Mi'kmaq, and the Algonquin, Lenape, Ojibwa, Ottawa, Shawnee, and Wyandot tribes. Fighting took place primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from the Province of Virginia in the south to Newfoundland in the north. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny River and Monongahela River called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507328", "text": "French and Indian War The French and Indian War (1754–63) pitted the colonies of British America against those of New France, each side supported by military units from the parent country and by American Indian allies. At the start of the war, the French colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 settlers, compared with 2 million in the British colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. The European nations declared a wider war upon one another overseas in 1756, two years into the French and Indian war, and some view the French and Indian War as being merely", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507338", "text": "term \"War of Conquest\" (\"Guerre de la Conquête\"), since it is the war in which Canada was conquered by the British and became part of the British Empire. In Quebec, this term was promoted by popular historians Jacques Lacoursière and Denis Vaugeois, who borrowed from the ideas of Maurice Séguin in considering this war as a dramatic tipping point of French Canadian identity and nationhood. At this time, America east of the Mississippi River was largely claimed by either Great Britain or France. Large areas had no colonial settlements. The French population numbered about 75,000 and was heavily concentrated along", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507364", "text": "June 8, 1755, capturing her and two troop ships. The British harassed French shipping throughout 1755, seizing ships and capturing seamen. These actions contributed to the eventual formal declarations of war in spring 1756. An early important political response to the opening of hostilities was the convening of the Albany Congress in June and July, 1754. The goal of the congress was to formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians, since allegiance of the various tribes and nations was seen to be pivotal in the war that was unfolding. The plan that the delegates agreed to", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507349", "text": "colonists would not be safe as long as the French were present. The War of the Austrian Succession (better known as King George's War) formally ended in 1748 with the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, which was primarily focused on resolving issues in Europe. The issues of conflicting territorial claims between British and French colonies were turned over to a commission, but it reached no decision. Frontier areas were claimed by both sides, from Nova Scotia and Acadia in the north to the Ohio Country in the south. The disputes also extended into the Atlantic Ocean, where both powers", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507329", "text": "the American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War of 1756–63; however, the French and Indian War is viewed in America as a singular conflict which was not associated with any European war. The name \"French and Indian War\" is used mainly in the United States, referring to the two enemies of the British colonists, while European historians use the term \"Seven Years' War\", as do English-speaking Canadians. French Canadians call it Guerre de la Conquête (the War of the Conquest) or (rarely) the Fourth Intercolonial War. The British colonists were supported at various times by the Iroquois, Catawba, and", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507389", "text": "continued deployment of British troops, and it was not resolved until 1766. The war in North America officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 10 February 1763, and war in the European theater was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, which had been occupied by the British. France chose to cede the former but was able to negotiate the retention of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, two", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507335", "text": "colonial presence north of the Caribbean was reduced to the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, confirming Great Britain's position as the dominant colonial power in America. In British America, wars were often named after the sitting British monarch, such as King William's War or Queen Anne's War. There had already been a King George's War in the 1740s during the reign of King George II, so British colonists named this conflict after their opponents, and it became known as the \"French and Indian War\". This continues as the standard name for the war in the United States, although Indians", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507398", "text": "War of Independence. This time, France succeeded in prevailing over Britain in what historian Alfred A. Cave describes as French \"revenge for Montcalm's death\". French and Indian War The French and Indian War (1754–63) pitted the colonies of British America against those of New France, each side supported by military units from the parent country and by American Indian allies. At the start of the war, the French colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 settlers, compared with 2 million in the British colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. The European nations declared a wider war upon", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507357", "text": "French held their claim. He ordered 21 year-old Major George Washington (whose brother was another Ohio Company investor) of the Virginia Regiment to warn the French to leave Virginia territory in October 1753. Washington left with a small party, picking up Jacob Van Braam as an interpreter, Christopher Gist (a company surveyor working in the area), and a few Mingos led by Tanaghrisson. On December 12, Washington and his men reached Fort Le Boeuf. Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre succeeded Marin as commander of the French forces after Marin died on October 29, and he invited Washington to dine with him.", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507334", "text": "the Colony of Canada (part of New France). They succeeded in capturing territory in surrounding colonies and ultimately the city of Quebec (1759). The British later lost the Battle of Sainte-Foy west of Quebec (1760), but the French ceded Canada in accordance with the Treaty of Paris (1763). France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. It ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans) to its ally Spain in compensation for Spain's loss to Britain of Spanish Florida. (Spain had ceded Florida to Britain in exchange for the return of Havana, Cuba.) France's", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507373", "text": "William Johnson and New York's Governor Sir Charles Hardy, and consequently gained little support. Newcastle replaced him in January 1756 with Lord Loudoun, with Major General James Abercrombie as his second in command. Neither of these men had as much campaign experience as the trio of officers whom France sent to North America. French regular army reinforcements arrived in New France in May 1756, led by Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm and seconded by the Chevalier de Lévis and Colonel François-Charles de Bourlamaque, all experienced veterans from the War of the Austrian Succession. On May 18, 1756, Britain formally declared", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507362", "text": "of hostilities in the Ohio valley. Following the battle, Washington pulled back several miles and established Fort Necessity, which the Canadians attacked under the command of Jummonville's brother at the Battle of Fort Necessity on July 3. Washington surrendered and negotiated a withdrawal under arms. One of his men reported that the Canadian force was accompanied by Shawnee, Delaware, and Mingo warriors—just those whom Tanaghrisson was seeking to influence. News of the two battles reached England in August. After several months of negotiations, the government of the Duke of Newcastle decided to send an army expedition the following year to", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "1580957", "text": "Treaty of Paris (1763) The Treaty of Paris, also known as the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, after Great Britain's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War. The signing of the treaty formally ended the Seven Years' War, known as the French and Indian War in the North American theatre, and marked the beginning of an era of British dominance outside Europe. Great Britain and France each returned much of the territory that they had captured during the war, but", "title": "Treaty of Paris (1763)" }, { "id": "1121209", "text": "Indian tribes becoming the allies of the colonial powers. These alliances were a result of the economic ties that had been formed by the fur trade and by the Indian tribes' need for allies against their Indian rivals. The warfare included the widespread and escalating abuse of civilians on all sides, in which settlements were attacked, both Colonial and Indian, the residents killed or abducted, and houses and crops burned. French and Indian Wars The French and Indian Wars is a name used in the United States for a series of conflicts that occurred in North America between 1688 and", "title": "French and Indian Wars" }, { "id": "507359", "text": "the steps which they had taken to fortify the area, and their intention to fortify the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers. Even before Washington returned, Dinwiddie had sent a company of 40 men under William Trent to that point where they began construction of a small stockaded fort in the early months of 1754. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pécaudy de Contrecœur to relieve Saint-Pierre during the same period, and Contrecœur led 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754. These forces arrived at the fort on April 16, but Contrecœur generously allowed", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "1121194", "text": "people resented British efforts to limit their colonization of the new French territories to the west of the Appalachian Mountains, as stated in the Proclamation of 1763, in an effort to relieve encroachment on Indian territory. These pressures contributed to the American Revolutionary War. The first three of the French and Indian Wars followed the same basic pattern: they all started in Europe and then moved to North America. Once the conflict broke out in North America, it was mostly fought by colonial militias. The final conflict broke this pattern by beginning in North America. In addition, the British used", "title": "French and Indian Wars" }, { "id": "17756476", "text": "Carignan-Salières Regiment, under the direction of Pierre de Saurel. The French and Indian Wars continued with a series of intermittent conflicts between the years 1688 to 1763 as follows: King William's War (1688–1697); Queen Anne's War (1702–1713); King George's War (1744–1748); and the French and Indian War (1754–1763). The Treaty of Paris (1763) was signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, after Britain's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War. The signing of the treaty formally ended the French and Indian Wars and marked the beginning", "title": "Battle of Sorel" }, { "id": "507385", "text": "blockade of the French coast. British victories continued in all theaters in a year later called the Annus Mirabilis. The British proceeded to wage a campaign in the northwest frontier of Canada in an effort to cut off the French frontier forts to the west and south. The British captured Ticonderoga, Fort Niagara, as well as the defeat the French at the Thousand Islands in the summer of 1759. In September 1759, James Wolfe defeated Montcalm at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, in a battle that claimed the lives of both commanders. Subsequently after the battle, the city", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507361", "text": "many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk. Historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and to regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships. One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire. Historians generally consider the Battle of Jumonville Glen as the opening battle of the French and Indian War in North America, and the start", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507351", "text": "at Logstown. He completed the 1752 Treaty of Logstown in which the local Indians agreed to terms through their \"Half-King\" Tanacharison and an Iroquois representative. These terms included permission to build a strong house at the mouth of the Monongahela River on the modern site of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. By the late 17th century, the Iroquois had pushed many tribes out of the Ohio Valley, and they laid claim to it as their hunting ground by right of conquest. Governor-General of New France Marquis de la Jonquière died on March 17, 1752, and he was temporarily replaced by Charles le Moyne", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507370", "text": "reluctant to attack. The two forces finally met in the bloody Battle of Lake George between Fort Edward and Fort William Henry. The battle ended inconclusively, with both sides withdrawing from the field. Johnson's advance stopped at Fort William Henry, and the French withdrew to Ticonderoga Point, where they began the construction of Fort Carillon (later renamed Fort Ticonderoga after the British captured it in 1759). Colonel Monckton captured Fort Beauséjour in June 1755 in the sole British success that year, cutting off the French Fortress Louisbourg from land-based reinforcements. To cut vital supplies to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia's Governor Charles", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507344", "text": "Years' War. Florida's European population was a few hundred, concentrated in St. Augustine and Pensacola. At the start of the war, no French regular army troops were stationed in America, and few British troops. New France was defended by about 3,000 troupes de la marine, companies of colonial regulars (some of whom had significant woodland combat experience). The colonial government recruited militia support when needed. Most of the British colonies mustered local militia companies to deal with Indian threats, generally ill trained and available only for short periods, but they did not have any standing forces. Virginia, by contrast, had", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507365", "text": "was neither ratified by the colonial legislatures nor approved of by the Crown. Nevertheless, the format of the congress and many specifics of the plan became the prototype for confederation during the War of Independence. The British formed an aggressive plan of operations for 1755. General Braddock was to lead the expedition to Fort Duquesne, while Massachusetts governor William Shirley was given the task of fortifying Fort Oswego and attacking Fort Niagara. Sir William Johnson was to capture Fort St. Frédéric at Crown Point, New York, and Lieutenant Colonel Robert Monckton was to capture Fort Beauséjour to the east on", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507367", "text": "the retreat—two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War. The government initiated a plan to increase their military capability in preparation for war following news of Braddock's defeat and the start of parliament's session in November 1755. Among the early legislative measures were the Recruiting Act 1756, the Commissions to Foreign Protestants Act 1756 for the Royal American Regiment, the Navigation Act 1756, and the Continuance of Acts 1756. England passed the Naval Prize Act 1756 following the proclamation of war on May 17 to allow the capture of ships and establish privateering. The French acquired a copy of the", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507331", "text": "1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22 year-old George Washington ambushed a French patrol. In 1755, six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Braddock, the newly arrived British Army commander, and planned a four-way attack on the French. None succeeded, and the main effort by Braddock proved a disaster; he lost the Battle of the Monongahela on July 9, 1755 and died a few days later. British operations failed in the frontier areas of the Province of Pennsylvania and the Province of New York during 1755–57 due to a combination of poor management, internal", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507363", "text": "dislodge the French. They chose Major General Edward Braddock to lead the expedition. Word of the British military plans leaked to France well before Braddock's departure for North America. In response, King Louis XV dispatched six regiments to New France under the command of Baron Dieskau in 1755. The British sent out their fleet in February 1755, intending to blockade French ports, but the French fleet had already sailed. Admiral Edward Hawke detached a fast squadron to North America in an attempt to intercept them. In a second British action, Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship \"Alcide\" on", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507352", "text": "de Longueuil. His permanent replacement was to be the Marquis Duquesne, but he did not arrive in New France until 1752 to take over the post. The continuing British activity in the Ohio territories prompted Longueuil to dispatch another expedition to the area under the command of Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la Marine. Langlade was given 300 men, including French-Canadians and warriors of the Ottawa tribe. His objective was to punish the Miami people of Pickawillany for not following Céloron's orders to cease trading with the British. On June 21, the French war party", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507343", "text": "Pennsylvania successfully negotiated the Treaty of Easton in which a number of tribes in the Ohio Country promised neutrality in exchange for land concessions and other considerations. Most of the other northern tribes sided with the French, their primary trading partner and supplier of arms. The Creeks and Cherokees were subject to diplomatic efforts by both the French and British to gain either their support or neutrality in the conflict. By this time, Spain claimed only the province of Florida in eastern America; it controlled Cuba and other territories in the West Indies that became military objectives in the Seven", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "7215257", "text": "to gain control of North America. Both nations coveted the Ohio Territory and in 1753 a British expedition there led by George Washington clashed with a French force. Shortly afterwards the French and Indian War broke out, initially taking place only in North America but in 1756 becoming part of the wider Seven Years' War in which Britain and France were part of opposing coalitions. The war has been called the first \"world war\", because fighting took place on several different continents. In 1759 the British enjoyed victories over the French in Europe, Canada and India, severely weakening the French", "title": "France–United Kingdom relations" }, { "id": "507387", "text": "nephew William Amherst, who regained control of Newfoundland after the Battle of Signal Hill in September 1762. Many troops from North America were reassigned to participate in further British actions in the West Indies, including the capture of Spanish Havana when Spain belatedly entered the conflict on the side of France, and a British expedition against French Martinique in 1762 led by Major General Robert Monckton. Governor Vaudreuil in Montreal negotiated a capitulation with General Amherst in September 1760. Amherst granted his requests that any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507353", "text": "attacked the trading centre at Pickawillany, capturing three traders and killing 14 Miami Indians, including Old Briton. He was reportedly ritually cannibalized by some Indians in the expedition party. In the spring of 1753, Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine and Indians. His orders were to protect the King's land in the Ohio Valley from the British. Marin followed the route that Céloron had mapped out four years earlier. Céloron, however, had limited the record of French claims to the burial of lead plates, whereas Marin constructed and garrisoned", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507332", "text": "divisions, effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies. In 1755, the British captured Fort Beauséjour on the border separating Nova Scotia from Acadia, and they ordered the expulsion of the Acadians (1755–64) soon afterwards. Orders for the deportation were given by William Shirley, Commander-in-Chief, North America, without direction from Great Britain. The Acadians were expelled, both those captured in arms and those who had sworn the loyalty oath to the King. Indians likewise were driven off the land to make way for settlers from New England. The British colonial government fell in the region of Nova Scotia", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507382", "text": "chief after the failures of 1757. Pitt's plan called for three major offensive actions involving large numbers of regular troops supported by the provincial militias, aimed at capturing the heartlands of New France. Two of the expeditions were successful, with Fort Duquesne and Louisbourg falling to sizable British forces. The Forbes Expedition was a British campaign in September–October 1758, with 6,000 troops led by General John Forbes sent to drive out the French from the contested Ohio Country. The French withdrew from Fort Duquesne and left the British in control of the Ohio River Valley. The great French fortress at", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507342", "text": "in their authority to make agreements. The Southeast interior was dominated by Siouan-speaking Catawbas, Muskogee-speaking Creeks and Choctaw, and the Iroquoian-speaking Cherokee tribes. When war broke out, the French colonists used their trading connections to recruit fighters from tribes in western portions of the Great Lakes region, which was not directly subject to the conflict between the French and British; these included the Hurons, Mississaugs, Ojibwas, Winnebagos, and Potawatomi. The British colonists were supported in the war by the Iroquois Six Nations and also by the Cherokees, until differences sparked the Anglo-Cherokee War in 1758. In 1758, the Province of", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "9141403", "text": "aggressive in their efforts to expel British traders and colonists from the Ohio Valley. They began construction of a series of fortifications to protect the area. In 1754, George Washington launched a surprise attack on a group of Canadian soldiers sleeping in the early morning hours. It came at a time when no declaration of war had been issued by either country. This frontier aggression known as the Jumonville affair set the stage for the French and Indian War (a US designation; in Canada it is usually referred to as the Seven Years' War, although French Canadians often call it", "title": "Quebec" }, { "id": "507391", "text": "gained Louisiana from France, including New Orleans, in compensation for their losses. Great Britain and Spain also agreed that navigation on the Mississippi River was to be open to vessels of all nations. The war changed economic, political, governmental, and social relations among the three European powers, their colonies, and the people who inhabited those territories. France and Britain both suffered financially because of the war, with significant long-term consequences. Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia, colonies containing approximately 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents. The deportation of Acadians beginning in 1755 made land available to immigrants from", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "15048233", "text": "fought for control of North America with the assistance of both Native American and colonial allies. The \"French and Indian War\" differed from previous confrontations, however, because earlier wars consisted primarily of skirmishes between small units of the European powers aided by local militiamen. The \"French and Indian War\" was part of a \"great war for empire\" which was a determined and successful attempt by the British to attain a dominant position in North America, the India and the West Indies. Although the war began in America, it expanded into Europe and was known as the \"Seven Years' War\" (1756–1763).", "title": "French in Syracuse, New York" }, { "id": "507374", "text": "war on France, which expanded the war into Europe and came to be known as the Seven Years' War. Governor Vaudreuil had ambitions to become the French commander in chief, in addition to his role as governor, and he acted during the winter of 1756 before those reinforcements arrived. Scouts had reported the weakness of the British supply chain, so he ordered an attack against the forts which Shirley had erected at the Oneida Carry. In the Battle of Fort Bull, French forces destroyed the fort and large quantities of supplies, including 45,000 pounds of gunpowder. They set back any", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507394", "text": "from the 1763 proclamation, as well as transferred the Indian Reserve into the Province of Quebec. The Act maintained French Civil law, including the seigneurial system, a medieval code removed from France within a generation by the French Revolution. The Quebec Act was a major concern for the largely Protestant Thirteen Colonies over the advance of \"popery\". The Quebec Act is typically associated with other Intolerable Acts, legislation that eventually led to the American Revolutionary War. The Quebec Act served as the constitutional document for the Province of Quebec, until it was superseded by the Constitutional Act 1791. The Seven", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507395", "text": "Years' War nearly doubled Great Britain's national debt. The Crown sought sources of revenue to pay it off and attempted to impose new taxes on its colonies. These attempts were met with increasingly stiff resistance, until troops were called in to enforce the Crown's authority. These acts ultimately led to the start of the American Revolutionary War. France attached comparatively little value to its American possessions, apart from the highly profitable sugar-producing Antilles islands which it retained. Minister Choiseul considered that he had made a good deal at the Treaty of Paris, and Voltaire wrote that Louis XV had lost", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "1121191", "text": "the Conquest. Some conflicts involved Spanish and Dutch forces, but all pitted the Kingdom of Great Britain, its colonies, and their Indian allies on one side against France, its colonies, and its Indian allies on the other. A major cause of the wars was the desire of each country to take control of the interior territories of North America, as well as the region around Hudson Bay; both were deemed essential to domination of the fur trade. Whenever the European countries went to war, military conflict also occurred in North America in their colonies, although the dates of the American", "title": "French and Indian Wars" }, { "id": "507372", "text": "Fundy, on the Petitcodiac and St. John rivers, and Île Saint-Jean. Following the death of Braddock, William Shirley assumed command of British forces in North America, and he laid out his plans for 1756 at a meeting in Albany in December 1755. He proposed renewing the efforts to capture Niagara, Crown Point, and Duquesne, with attacks on Fort Frontenac on the north shore of Lake Ontario and an expedition through the wilderness of the Maine district and down the Chaudière River to attack the city of Quebec. His plan, however, got bogged down by disagreements and disputes with others, including", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "14030796", "text": "Louisbourg Expedition (1757) The Louisbourg Expedition (1757) was a failed British attempt to capture the French Fortress of Louisbourg on Île Royale (now known as Cape Breton Island) during the Seven Years' War (known in the United States as the French and Indian War). The French and Indian War started in 1754 over territorial disputes between the North American colonies of France and Great Britain in areas that are now western Pennsylvania and upstate New York. The first few years of the war had not gone particularly well for the British. A major expedition by General Edward Braddock in 1755", "title": "Louisbourg Expedition (1757)" }, { "id": "13004917", "text": "colonies. Although it was never adopted by Parliament, it was an important precursor to the United States Constitution. The same year, the French and Indian War began; it was the North American front of the Seven Years' War in Europe and the fourth in a series of North American wars between the colonial powers dating back to 1689, began. It ended in 1763 with French defeat by the British, resolving a situation that had been a constant threat to Albany and held back its growth. In 1775, with the colonies in the midst of the Revolutionary War, the \"Stadt Huys\"", "title": "History of Albany, New York" }, { "id": "507378", "text": "amid news that a massacre had occurred at Fort William Henry. French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757. In January, they ambushed British rangers near Ticonderoga. In February, they launched a raid against the position across the frozen Lake George, destroying storehouses and buildings outside the main fortification. In early August, Montcalm and 7,000 troops besieged the fort, which capitulated with an agreement to withdraw under parole. When the withdrawal began, some of Montcalm's Indian allies attacked the British column because they were angry about the lost opportunity for loot,", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "469999", "text": "Austrian Succession, but most colonists called it King George's War. In 1745, British and colonial forces captured the town of Louisbourg, and the war came to an end with the 1748 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. However, many colonists were angered when Britain returned Louisbourg to France in return for Madras and other territories. In the aftermath of the war, both the British and French sought to expand into the Ohio River valley. The French and Indian War (1754–63) was the American extension of the general European conflict known as the Seven Years' War. Previous colonial wars in North America had started", "title": "Thirteen Colonies" }, { "id": "5173142", "text": "Battle of Jumonville Glen The Battle of Jumonville Glen, also known as the Jumonville affair, was the opening battle of the French and Indian War fought on May 28, 1754, near what is present-day Hopwood and Uniontown in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. A company of colonial militia from Virginia under the command of Lieutenant Colonel George Washington, and a small number of Mingo warriors led by Tanacharison (also known as \"Half King\"), ambushed a force of 35 Canadiens under the command of Joseph Coulon de Villiers de Jumonville. The British colonial force had been sent to protect a fort under construction", "title": "Battle of Jumonville Glen" }, { "id": "507360", "text": "Trent's small company to withdraw. He purchased their construction tools to continue building what became Fort Duquesne. Dinwiddie had ordered Washington to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work, and Washington learned of Trent's retreat while he was en route. Mingo sachem Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, so Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with him. He then learned of a French scouting party in the area, so he combined Tanaghrisson's force with his own and surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen. They killed", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "5248610", "text": "In North America, the war became known as the French and Indian War. After some early victories from 1754 to 1757, thanks to help from their Native American allies, the French suffered several disastrous defeats in Canada from 1758 to 1760, culminating in the surrender of the capital city, Quebec. With the loss of Canada, defense of Louisiana became impossible. The Treaty of Paris, signed on 10 February 1763, formalized the eviction of the French from North America. Canada and the east bank of the Mississippi were handed over to Great Britain (Province of Quebec (1763–91)). New Orleans and the", "title": "Louisiana (New France)" }, { "id": "507350", "text": "wanted access to the rich fisheries of the Grand Banks off Newfoundland. In 1749, the British government gave land to the Ohio Company of Virginia for the purpose of developing trade and settlements in the Ohio Country. The grant required that it settle 100 families in the territory and construct a fort for their protection. But the territory was also claimed by Pennsylvania, and both colonies began pushing for action to improve their respective claims. In 1750, Christopher Gist explored the Ohio territory, acting on behalf of both Virginia and the company, and he opened negotiations with the Indian tribes", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "899198", "text": "Creek in south central Pennsylvania when he received news of the fort's surrender. On May 25, Washington assumed command of the expedition upon the death of Colonel Joshua Fry. Two days later, Washington encountered a Canadian scouting party near a place now known as Jumonville Glen (several miles east of present-day Uniontown). Washington attacked the French Canadians, killing 10 in the early morning hours, and took 21 prisoners, of whom many were ritually killed by the Native American allies of the British. The Battle of Jumonville Glen is widely considered the formal start of the French and Indian War, the", "title": "Fort Duquesne" }, { "id": "1395147", "text": "Braddock's army was routed and Braddock was killed. Later that same year at the Battle of Lake George, the British General William Johnson with a force of 1700 American and Iroquois troops defeated a French force of 2800 French and Canadians and 700 Native Americans led by Baron Dieskau (Military commander of New France). The fight for control over Ohio Country led to the French and Indian War, which began as the North American phase of the Seven Years' War (which did not technically begin in Europe until 1756). The war began with the defeat of a Virginia militia contingent", "title": "New France" }, { "id": "507347", "text": "encountered British colonial merchants or fur-traders, he informed them of the French claims on the territory and told them to leave. Céloron's expedition arrived at Logstown where the Indians in the area informed him that they owned the Ohio Country and that they would trade with the British colonists regardless of the French. He continued south until his expedition reached the confluence of the Ohio and the Miami rivers, which lay just south of the village of Pickawillany, the home of the Miami chief known as \"Old Briton\". Céloron threatened Old Briton with severe consequences if he continued to trade", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "1731039", "text": "First Indochina War The First Indochina War (generally known as the Indochina War in France, and as the Anti-French Resistance War in Vietnam) began in French Indochina on 19 December 1946, and lasted until 20 July 1954. Fighting between French forces and their Việt Minh opponents in the south dated from September 1945. The conflict pitted a range of forces, including the French Union's French Far East Expeditionary Corps, led by France and supported by Bảo Đại's Vietnamese National Army against the Việt Minh, led by Ho Chi Minh and the People's Army of Vietnam led by Võ Nguyên Giáp.", "title": "First Indochina War" }, { "id": "507346", "text": "lead a military expedition through the area. Its objectives were: Céloron's expedition force consisted of about 200 Troupes de la marine and 30 Indians, and they covered about between June and November 1749. They went up the St. Lawrence, continued along the northern shore of Lake Ontario, crossed the portage at Niagara, and followed the southern shore of Lake Erie. At the Chautauqua Portage near Barcelona, New York, the expedition moved inland to the Allegheny River, which it followed to the site of Pittsburgh. There Céloron buried lead plates engraved with the French claim to the Ohio Country. Whenever he", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "10479412", "text": "received his first commission as Ensign in the 1st Battalion, colonial troops. John Brady fought in the French and Indian War. The French and Indian War was a colonial war fought between the British, the French and the Indian allies of the French. The British possessions in North America were located on the Atlantic Coast of North America and the French possessions were located in present-day Canada, centered mostly in Quebec. Both the British and the French made conflicting territorial claims on their respective frontiers, principally in present-day Michigan, western Pennsylvania and Ohio. The dispute simmered and flashed for many", "title": "Samuel Brady" }, { "id": "507337", "text": "and Indian War is conflated into the Seven Years' War and not given a separate name. \"Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war in 1756—two years after the French and Indian War had started—to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. The French and Indian War in America, by contrast, was largely concluded in six years from the Battle of Jumonville Glen in 1754 to the capture of Montreal in 1760. Canadians conflate both the European and American conflicts into the Seven Years' War (\"Guerre de Sept Ans\"). French Canadians also use the", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507377", "text": "France's capital of Quebec. He left a sizable force at Fort William Henry to distract Montcalm and began organizing for the expedition to Quebec. He was then ordered to attack Louisbourg first by William Pitt, the Secretary of State responsible for the colonies. The expedition was beset by delays of all kinds but was finally ready to sail from Halifax, Nova Scotia, in early August. In the meantime, French ships had escaped the British blockade of the French coast, and a fleet awaited Loudoun at Louisbourg which outnumbered the British fleet. Faced with this strength, Loudoun returned to New York", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507386", "text": "was capitulated to the British. In April 1760, François Gaston de Lévis led French forces in the attempt to retake the city. Although victorious in battle, French attempts to retake Quebec City was prevented with the British naval victory at Restigouche, a naval battle that saw the loss of French ships meant to resupply Lévis' army. Most of the fighting ended in continental North America in 1760, although it continued in Europe between France and Britain. The notable exception was the French seizure of St. John's, Newfoundland. General Amherst heard of this surprise action and immediately dispatched troops under his", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "14368950", "text": "British America and New France. The North American portion of the British-French struggle culminated in the Seven Years' War, referred to as the French and Indian War in the United States. The war secured British predominance in Northern America, and saw the end of French-rule in New France. At the war's conclusion, the French were forced to cede all its possessions east of the Mississippi River and Canada to the British; as well as cede its Louisiana territory to the Spanish. The Spanish in turn, ceded Spanish Florida to the British. The beginning of the next phase was marked by", "title": "Military history of North America" }, { "id": "507336", "text": "fought on both sides of the conflict. It also led into the Seven Years' War overseas, a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain that did not involve the American colonies; some historians make a connection between the French and Indian War and the Seven Years' War overseas, but most residents of the United States consider them as two separate conflicts—only one of which involved the American colonies, and American historians generally use the traditional name. Less frequently used names for the war include the \"Fourth Intercolonial War\" and the \"Great War for the Empire\". In Europe, the French", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "1266957", "text": "Coulon de Jumonville. The French pursued Washington and on July 3, 1754, George Washington surrendered following the Battle of Fort Necessity. These frontier actions contributed to the start of the French and Indian War (1754–1763), or, the Seven Years' War, an imperial confrontation between England and France fought in both hemispheres. In 1755, George Washington accompanied British General Braddock's expedition. Two regiments marched from Fort Cumberland across the Allegheny Mountains and into western Pennsylvania. Following a path Washington surveyed, over 3,000 men built a wagon road wide, that when complete, was the first road to cross the Appalachian Mountains. Braddock's", "title": "History of Pittsburgh" }, { "id": "507392", "text": "Europe and migrants from the colonies to the south. The British resettled many Acadians throughout its American provinces, but many went to France and some went to New Orleans, which they had expected to remain French. Some were sent to colonize places as diverse as French Guiana and the Falkland Islands, but these efforts were unsuccessful. Others migrated to places such as Saint-Domingue or fled to New Orleans after the Haitian Revolution. The Louisiana population contributed to the founding of the modern Cajun population. (The French word \"Acadien\" changed to \"Cadien\" then to \"Cajun\".) Following the treaty, King George III", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507333", "text": "after several disastrous campaigns in 1757, including a failed expedition against Louisbourg and the Siege of Fort William Henry; this last was followed by Indians torturing and massacring their British victims. William Pitt came to power and significantly increased British military resources in the colonies at a time when France was unwilling to risk large convoys to aid the limited forces that they had in New France, preferring to concentrate their forces against Prussia and its allies who were now engaged in the Seven Years' War in Europe. Between 1758 and 1760, the British military launched a campaign to capture", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507393", "text": "issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763 on October 7, 1763 which outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory, and it continues to govern relations to some extent between the government of Canada and the First Nations. Included in its provisions was the reservation of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains to its Indian population, a demarcation that was only a temporary impediment to a rising tide of westward-bound settlers. The proclamation also contained provisions that prevented civic participation by the Roman Catholic Canadians. The Quebec Act of 1774 addressed issues brought forth by Roman Catholic French Canadians", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "14450146", "text": "Action of 8 June 1755 The Action of 8 June 1755 was a naval battle between France and Great Britain early in the French and Indian War. The British captured the third-rate French ships \"Alcide\" and \"Lys\" off Cape Race, Newfoundland in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The battle contributed to the eventual war declarations that in 1756 formally began the Seven Years' War. In 1754, French and British colonial forces clashed in 1754, first in the Battle of Jumonville Glen, and then in the Battle of Fort Necessity, over control of the upper Ohio River valley, near present-day Pittsburgh,", "title": "Action of 8 June 1755" }, { "id": "507366", "text": "the frontier between Nova Scotia and Acadia. Braddock led about 1,500 army troops and provincial militia on the Braddock expedition in June 1755 to take Fort Duquesne, with George Washington as one of his aides. The expedition was a disaster. It was attacked by French regulars, Canadian militiamen, and Indian warriors ambushing them from hiding places up in trees and behind logs, and Braddock called for a retreat. He was killed and approximately 1,000 British soldiers were killed or injured. The remaining 500 British troops retreated to Virginia, led by Washington. Washington and Thomas Gage played key roles in organizing", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "9755247", "text": "The French and Indian War broke out in 1754 between British and French colonists over territorial disputes along their colonial frontiers, and escalated the following year to include regular troops. By 1756, the French had enjoyed successes in most of their frontier battles against the British. Their only notable failure occurred when the British stopped their southward advance from Lake Champlain in the 1755 Battle of Lake George. From bases at Fort St. Frédéric (located at what is now Crown Point, New York) and Fort Carillon (known to the British as Fort Ticonderoga), the French and their Indian allies continued", "title": "Battle on Snowshoes" }, { "id": "507345", "text": "a large frontier with several companies of British regulars. The colonial governments were used to operating independently of one another and of the government in London, a situation that complicated negotiations with Indian tribes, whose territories often encompassed land claimed by multiple colonies. After the war began, the leaders of the British Army establishment tried to impose constraints and demands on the colonial administrations. New France's Governor-General Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière was concerned about the incursion and expanding influence in the Ohio Country of British colonial traders such as George Croghan. In June 1747, he ordered Pierre-Joseph Céloron to", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "3970225", "text": "to the French, Croghan was in Ohio Country gathering intelligence for Pennsylvania, helping to build the Ohio Company stockade commanded by William Trent, and supplying the Indians with food, rum, and weapons. When the French reached the Forks of the Ohio early that spring, Croghan's half-brother Ensign Edward Ward was in charge of the garrison and forced to surrender. The Seven Years' War (1756-1763) in North America, or French and Indian War as this front was known in the colonies, unofficially began in 1754 with the Battle of Jumonville Glen and effectively ended in 1760 with the British capture of", "title": "George Croghan" }, { "id": "14881716", "text": "known as the French and Indian War, was the last of four wars that occurred in North America at the same time as a European conflict. However, by 1759, the British had gone onto the offensive in America and captured Quebec, the French colonial capital. Fighting also occurred on the Indian subcontinent during Louis XV's reign. During the War of the Austrian Succession, French troops captured several settlements in India, but its allies were defeated by British troops in 1756. On the whole, the Seven Years' War went badly for the French, who were forced to sign an unfavorable treaty", "title": "French Royal Army (1652–1830)" }, { "id": "13991365", "text": "Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the major war known by Americans as the French and Indian War and by Canadians as the Seven Years' War / Guerre de Sept Ans, or by French-Canadians, La Guerre de la Conquête. It was signed by Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement. Preferring to keep Guadeloupe, France gave up Canada and all of its claims to territory east of the Mississippi River to Britain. With France out of North America this dramatically changed the European political scene on the continent. At first only", "title": "Territorial evolution of North America since 1763" }, { "id": "9028797", "text": "Treaty of Tellico Blockhouse. The Northwest Indian War, which the Cherokee were also involved in, ended with the Treaty of Greenville in 1795. The French and Indian War (1754–1763) and the related European theater conflict known as the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) laid many of the foundations for the conflict between the Cherokee and the American settlers on the frontier. These tensions on the frontier broke out into open hostilities with the advent of the American Revolution. The action of the French and Indian War in North America included the Anglo-Cherokee War, lasting 1758–1761. British forces under general James Grant", "title": "Cherokee–American wars" }, { "id": "4471312", "text": "This was the beginning of the French and Indian War, a part of the Seven Years' War between France and England. Gist owned land near the present city of Uniontown, Pennsylvania. He named it Gist's Plantation and began to build a town there. At the outset of the war, the French burned all the buildings. Gist was a member of the Braddock Expedition during 1755 when it was defeated by the French and their Native American allies. After the defeat, Gist traveled into Tennessee, where he met with various native groups to seek their help during the war. His whereabouts,", "title": "Christopher Gist" }, { "id": "1497566", "text": "Edward Braddock Major General Edward Braddock (January 1695 – 13 July 1755) was a British officer and commander-in-chief for the Thirteen Colonies during the actions at the start of the French and Indian War (1754–1763), which is also known in Europe and Canada as the Seven Years' War (1756–1763). He is generally best remembered for his command of a disastrous expedition against the French-occupied Ohio River Valley in 1755, in which he lost his life. (Both Virginia and Pennsylvania claimed this territory by their Royal grants.) The son of Major-General Edward Braddock of the Coldstream Guards and his wife, Braddock", "title": "Edward Braddock" }, { "id": "8664739", "text": "or kill and destroy them.\" Historian Fred Anderson describes Dinwiddie's instructions, which were issued without the knowledge or direction of the British government, as \"an invitation to start a war.\" Washington was ordered to gather up as many supplies and paid volunteers as he could along the way. By the time he left for the frontier on April 2, he had recruited fewer than 160 men. Moving quickly and without artillery, his force marched north and west, picking up additional militia companies along the way. On April 19, outside Winchester, Virginia, Washington received word that a large French force was", "title": "George Washington in the French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507339", "text": "the St. Lawrence River valley, with some also in Acadia (present-day New Brunswick and parts of Nova Scotia), including Île Royale (Cape Breton Island). Fewer lived in New Orleans, Biloxi, Mississippi, Mobile, Alabama, and small settlements in the Illinois Country, hugging the east side of the Mississippi River and its tributaries. French fur traders and trappers traveled throughout the St. Lawrence and Mississippi watersheds, did business with local Indian tribes, and often married Indian women. Traders married daughters of chiefs, creating high-ranking unions. British settlers outnumbered the French 20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million ranged along", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "507396", "text": "\"a few acres of snow\". For France, however, the military defeat and the financial burden of the war weakened the monarchy and contributed to the advent of the French Revolution in 1789. For some of the Indian tribes, the elimination of French power in America meant the disappearance of a strong ally, although other tribes were not so affected. The Ohio Country was now more available to colonial settlement, due to the construction of military roads by Braddock and Forbes. The Spanish takeover of the Louisiana territory was not completed until 1769, and it had modest repercussions. The British takeover", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "12391109", "text": "towns as well as open battles with heavy losses. In the historiography of some countries, the war is named after combatants in its respective theatres. In the present-day United States — at the time, the southern English-speaking British colonies in North America — the conflict is known as the French and Indian War (1754–1763). In English-speaking Canada — the balance of Britain's former North American colonies — it is called the Seven Years' War (1756–1763). In French-speaking Canada, it is known as \"La guerre de la Conquête\" (the War of the Conquest). Swedish historiography uses the name \"Pommerska kriget\" (Pomeranian", "title": "Seven Years' War" }, { "id": "4278926", "text": "Although it eventually became a worldwide conflict known as the Seven Years' War, the French and Indian War began on the Pennsylvania frontier as a struggle for control of the Ohio Country. With the surrender of George Washington at Fort Necessity in 1754 and Braddock's defeat in 1755, the settlers on the Pennsylvania frontier were without professional military protection, and scrambled to organize a defense. The French-allied Indians who had defeated General Edward Braddock at the Monongahela were primarily from the Great Lakes region to the north. The local Indians, mostly Delaware and Shawnee who had migrated to the area", "title": "Kittanning Expedition" }, { "id": "151180", "text": "it also helped him obtain a commission to raise a company of men. In 1753, the French military advanced into the Ohio Country, where both France and Britain sought to expel the Indians. Dinwiddie and Washington were among stockholders in Virginia's Ohio Company, created for British settlement there in its landholdings. The land that joined the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers (future Pittsburgh) was prized by both nations. The competing stakes led to the French and Indian War (1754–62), beginning with a shot ordered by Washington, also to the Seven Years' War (1756–63). On March 15, 1754, Governor Dinwiddie commissioned Washington", "title": "George Washington" }, { "id": "1970867", "text": "York, New England, and Nova Scotia with the Siege of Louisbourg (1745). At the Albany Congress of 1754, Benjamin Franklin proposed that the colonies be united by a Grand Council overseeing a common policy for defense, expansion, and Indian affairs. The plan was thwarted by colonial legislatures and King George II, but it was an early indication that the British colonies of North America were headed towards unification. The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the American extension of the general European conflict known as the Seven Years' War. Previous colonial wars in North America had started in Europe and", "title": "Colonial history of the United States" }, { "id": "5016904", "text": "Southern Colonies worked primarily in agriculture, on farms and plantations growing indigo, rice, cotton, and tobacco for export. The French and Indian War, fought between 1754 and 1763, was the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War. The conflict, the fourth such colonial war between France and Britain in North America, resulted in the British acquisition of New France, with its French Catholic population. Under the Treaty of Paris signed in 1763, the French ceded control of French Louisiana east of the Mississippi River to the British, which became known as the Indian Reserve. The religious ties between the", "title": "United Kingdom–United States relations" }, { "id": "1402986", "text": "Beginning in 1689, the colonies became involved in a series of wars between Great Britain and France for control of North America, the most important of which were Queen Anne's War, in which the British conquered French colony Acadia, and the final French and Indian War (1754–63) when Britain was victorious over all the French colonies in North America. This final war was to give thousands of colonists, including Virginia colonel George Washington, military experience which they put to use during the American Revolutionary War. In the struggle for control of North America, the contest between Great Britain and France", "title": "Military history of the United States" }, { "id": "507388", "text": "worshiping in their Roman Catholic tradition, to own property, and to remain undisturbed in their homes. The British provided medical treatment for the sick and wounded French soldiers, and French regular troops were returned to France aboard British ships with an agreement that they were not to serve again in the present war. General Amherst also oversaw the transition of French forts to British control in the western lands. The policies which he introduced in those lands disturbed large numbers of Indians and contributed to Pontiac's Rebellion in 1763. This series of attacks on frontier forts and settlements required the", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "3196190", "text": "long as the precarious balance in the American interior survived, British and French colonies coexisted without serious difficulty. However, beginning in earnest following the Glorious Revolution in England (1688), the simmering dynastic, religious, and factional rivalries between the Protestant British and Catholic French in both Europe and the Americas triggered four \"French and Indian Wars\" fought largely on American soil (King William's War, 1689–97; Queen Anne's War, 1702–13; King George's War, 1744–48; and, finally the Seven Years' War, 1756–63). Great Britain finally removed the French from continental North America in 1763 following French defeat in the Seven Years' War. Within", "title": "France–United States relations" }, { "id": "1970868", "text": "then spread to the colonies, but the French and Indian War is notable for having started in North America and spread to Europe. One of the primary causes of the war was increasing competition between Britain and France, especially in the Great Lakes and Ohio valley. The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that major military resources needed to be devoted to North America in order to win the war against France. For the first time, the continent became one of the main theaters of", "title": "Colonial history of the United States" }, { "id": "507375", "text": "British hopes for campaigns on Lake Ontario and endangered the Oswego garrison, already short on supplies. French forces in the Ohio valley also continued to intrigue with Indians throughout the area, encouraging them to raid frontier settlements. This led to ongoing alarms along the western frontiers, with streams of refugees returning east to get away from the action. The new British command was not in place until July. Abercrombie arrived in Albany but refused to take any significant actions until Loudoun approved them, and Montcalm took bold action against his inertia. He built on Vaudreuil's work harassing the Oswego garrison", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "id": "3992978", "text": "French and Indian War to join together to continue the fight to remove the British from the territory. Pontiac initiated attacks on the western-most frontier forts and settlements, believing the defeated French would rally and come to their aid. The start of the conflict is usually described as the siege of Fort Detroit on 10 May 1763. Fort Sandusky, Fort Michilimackinac, Fort Presque Isle, and numerous other frontier outposts were quickly overrun. Several frontier forts in the Ohio Country had fallen to the allied tribes, and Fort Pitt, Fort Ligionier, and Fort Bedford along Forbes's road were besieged or threatened.", "title": "Henry Bouquet" }, { "id": "3232676", "text": "Treaty of Easton The Treaty of Easton was a colonial agreement in North America signed in October 1758 during the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) between British colonials and the chiefs of 13 Native American nations, representing tribes of the Iroquois, Lenape (Delaware), and Shawnee. Negotiations over more than a week were concluded on October 26, 1758, at a ceremony held in Easton, Pennsylvania between the British colonial governors of the provinces of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and representatives of 13 Indian nations, including the Iroquois, who sent chiefs of three of their nations to ensure their continued", "title": "Treaty of Easton" }, { "id": "15048234", "text": "At the same time, the war spread into Asia as the \"Third Carnatic War\". The \"French and Indian War\" not only stripped France of its North American empire, it also caused Britain to change its relationship to its colonies, a change that eventually led to the \"American Revolution\". During the \"French and Indian War\" (1754–1763), Native Americans were allied with both sides. The Iroquois sided with the British against the French and their Algonquin allies who were traditionally the enemies of the Iroquois. The \"Old French Fort\" at the \"Mission of Sainte Marie\" was one of the first attempts to", "title": "French in Syracuse, New York" }, { "id": "1121198", "text": "closed formations in the open. Although ultimately futile, the French fought according to the tactical doctrine contemporaries called \"la Petite guerre\", or today's guerilla warfare. The numerical inferiority of the French forces in North America made it impossible to fight a war according to standard European tactics. Hence the French to a large extent made use of indigenous allies (see below). The small French population; New France's dependence on the fur trade, mutually profitable for both Frenchmen and Native Americans; and the common threat from the British colonies, made the indigenous peoples willing allies. The Battle of the Monongahela was", "title": "French and Indian Wars" }, { "id": "13423901", "text": "reports claimed the British had a distinct advantage due to their snowshoes. The French and Indian War broke out in 1754 between British and French colonists over territorial disputes along their colonial frontiers, and escalated the following year to include regular troops. By 1756, the French had enjoyed successes in most of their frontier battles against the British. Their only notable failure occurred when the British stopped their southward advance from Lake Champlain in the 1755 Battle of Lake George. From bases at Fort St. Frédéric (located at what is now Crown Point, New York) and Fort Carillon (known to", "title": "Battle on Snowshoes (1757)" }, { "id": "1121208", "text": "France's chief allies were the \"indiens domiciliés\" (resident Indians) who lived at the Catholic missions in New France. Religious reasons and the need for a refuge from the English attack motivated their dislocation to French territory. At the end of the French and Indian wars, all resident Indians were joined in the confederation of the Seven Nations of Canada. A pattern of warfare emerged during the clashes between the European colonial powers and the American Indians which characterized the four major French and Indian wars. The complex network of relations was fundamental between some Indian tribes and some colonies, the", "title": "French and Indian Wars" }, { "id": "2546789", "text": "to as the French and Indian War in the United States, came to an end after British General Jeffrey Amherst captured Montreal, the last important French settlement, in 1760. British troops proceeded to occupy the various forts in the Ohio Country and Great Lakes region previously garrisoned by the French. Even before the war officially ended with the Treaty of Paris (1763), the British Crown began to implement changes in order to administer its vastly expanded North American territory. While the French had long cultivated alliances among certain of the Native Americans, the British post-war approach was essentially to treat", "title": "Pontiac's War" }, { "id": "1121201", "text": "period. When war began, the several colonies organized their own military forces, provincial troops, through temporary enlistments. The soldiers came from the lower orders of society, which did not strengthen their reliability or efficiency. Massachusetts Bay, New York and Connecticut usually mobilized large contingents, while the southern colonies always very reluctantly contributed to the imperial cause. The British Army did not have high opinions of the battleworthiness of the provincial troops, with the exception of the ranger units. During conjoint operations the provincial troops were subject to the very strict British Articles of War. The officers of the provincial troops", "title": "French and Indian Wars" }, { "id": "13127480", "text": "period of a few years, British colonists arrived from the East and contended against the Canadians for control of the lucrative fur trade. Fighting between the French and British colonists occurred throughout the 1750s as a result. The Native American tribes of Indiana sided with the French Canadians during the French and Indian War (also known as the Seven Years' War). With British victory in 1763, the French were forced to cede to the British crown all their lands in North America east of the Mississippi River and north and west of the colonies. The tribes in Indiana did not", "title": "Indiana" }, { "id": "609609", "text": "Cherokee were victorious in the Battle of Taliwa. British soldiers built forts in Cherokee country to defend against the French in the Seven Years' War, which was fought across Europe and was called the French and Indian War on the North American front. These included Fort Loudoun near Chota. In 1756 the Cherokee were allies of the British in the French and Indian War. Serious misunderstandings arose quickly between the two allies, resulting in the 1760 Anglo-Cherokee War. King George III's Royal Proclamation of 1763 forbade British settlements west of the Appalachian crest, as his government tried to afford some", "title": "Cherokee" } ]	when did the french and indian war officially start
[ "Russia" ]	[ { "id": "10915537", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, an international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA once every four years. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. It was the first World Cup to be held in Eastern Europe, and the 11th time that it had been held in Europe. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion, it was the most expensive World Cup. It was also the first World Cup to use the video assistant referee (VAR) system.", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915586", "text": "program in network history). 2018 FIFA World Cup The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, an international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA once every four years. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. It was the first World Cup to be held in Eastern Europe, and the 11th time that it had been held in Europe. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion, it was the most expensive World Cup. It was also the first World Cup to use the video", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "341505", "text": "from a state-sponsored cover-up, with no indication that the program has ceased since then. Russia was the host nation for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were held from June 14 to July 15, 2018 in the stadiums of 11 various Russian cities, namely, Kaliningrad, Kazan, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Samara, Saransk, Sochi, Volgograd and Yekaterinburg. This was the first football World Cup ever held in Eastern Europe, and the first held in Europe since 2006. Russia will also host games of the Euro 2020. There are seven public holidays in Russia, except those always celebrated on", "title": "Russia" }, { "id": "10915555", "text": "stadiums used during the tournament. Of the twelve venues used, the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow and the Saint Petersburg Stadium – the two largest stadiums in Russia – were used most, both hosting seven matches. Sochi, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara all hosted six matches, including one quarter-final match each, while the Otkrytiye Stadium in Moscow and Rostov-on-Don hosted five matches, including one round-of-16 match each. Volgograd, Kaliningrad, Yekaterinburg and Saransk all hosted four matches, but did not host any knockout stage games. A total of twelve stadiums in eleven Russian cities were built and renovated for the FIFA World", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915553", "text": "Stadium over which would be constructed first. The final choice of host cities was announced on 29 September 2012. The number of cities was further reduced to 11 and number of stadiums to 12 as Krasnodar and Yaroslavl were dropped from the final list. Of the 12 stadiums used for the tournament, 3 (Luzhniki, Yekaterinburg and Sochi) have been extensively renovated and the other 9 stadiums to be used are brand new; $11.8 billion has been spent on hosting the tournament. Sepp Blatter stated in July 2014 that, given the concerns over the completion of venues in Russia, the number", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915540", "text": "As such, there were eventually four bids for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, two of which were joint bids: England, Russia, Netherlands/Belgium, and Portugal/Spain. The 22-member FIFA Executive Committee convened in Zürich on 2 December 2010 to vote to select the hosts of both tournaments. Russia won the right to be the 2018 host in the second round of voting. The Portugal/Spain bid came second, and that from Belgium/Netherlands third. England, which was bidding to host its second tournament, was eliminated in the first round. The voting results were as follows: The English Football Association and others raised concerns of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915561", "text": "following the final draw, six kick-off times were adjusted by FIFA. Russia was placed in position A1 in the group stage and played in the opening match at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow on 14 June against Saudi Arabia, the two lowest-ranked teams of the tournament at the time of the final draw. The Luzhniki Stadium also hosted the second semi-final on 11 July and the final on 15 July. The Krestovsky Stadium in Saint Petersburg hosted the first semi-final on 10 July and the third place play-off on 14 July. The opening ceremony took place on Thursday, 14 June", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915551", "text": "VAR decision; the first penalty as a result of a VAR decision was awarded to France in their match against Australia on 16 June and resulted in a goal by Antoine Griezmann. A record number of penalties were awarded in the tournament, with this phenomenon being partially attributed to VAR. Overall, the new technology has been both praised and criticised by commentators. FIFA declared the implementation of VAR a success after the first week of competition. Russia proposed the following host cities: Kaliningrad, Kazan, Krasnodar, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Samara, Saransk, Sochi, Volgograd, Yaroslavl, and Yekaterinburg. Most cities", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "2408537", "text": "Championships. The original stadium was demolished in 2013 to give a way for the construction of a new stadium. The self-supported cover was retained. The facade wall was retained as well, due to its architectural value, and was later reconnected to a new building. Construction of the new stadium was completed in 2017. The 2018 FIFA World Cup was awarded to Russia and the Luzhniki Stadium was selected by the Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup bid as the venue for the opening match and also the final, which was held on 15 July 2018. The stadium joins Rome's Stadio Olimpico,", "title": "Luzhniki Stadium" }, { "id": "15301282", "text": "Nizhny Novgorod Stadium Nizhny Novgorod Stadium () is a football stadium in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. It was one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It has a capacity of 44,899 spectators. The new stadium for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Nizhny Novgorod was built in the historic area known as the Spit (Strelka), at the confluence of the two major rivers: the Volga and the Oka. It overlooks the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin standing on the opposite bank of the river. The stadium design follows the classic style and uses a palette of white, blue and azure", "title": "Nizhny Novgorod Stadium" }, { "id": "15301291", "text": "arena grounds will include a park, parking lots, futsal fields, and tennis courts. Nizhny Novgorod Stadium Nizhny Novgorod Stadium () is a football stadium in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. It was one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It has a capacity of 44,899 spectators. The new stadium for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Nizhny Novgorod was built in the historic area known as the Spit (Strelka), at the confluence of the two major rivers: the Volga and the Oka. It overlooks the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin standing on the opposite bank of the river. The stadium design", "title": "Nizhny Novgorod Stadium" }, { "id": "15301292", "text": "Samara Arena Samara Arena (), also known as the Cosmos Arena, is a football stadium in Samara, Russia. The stadium was one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It also hosts FC Krylia Sovetov Samara of the Russian Football National League, replacing Metallurg Stadium. It has a capacity of 44,918 spectators. Samara authorities announced their design tender in late 2012 with cost estimated at $320 million. General characteristics The stadium design was approved (re-approved) by Glavgosexpertiza of Russia on 19 July 2017. The main architectural feature of the stadium in Samara is its metal dome inspired by", "title": "Samara Arena" }, { "id": "5438109", "text": "Cup in 2018. In November 2009, the venues were presented. In Belgium, matches would have been played in 7 venues: Antwerp, Bruges, Brussels, Charleroi, Genk, Ghent and Liège. In the Netherlands, only five cities would host matches: Amsterdam, Eindhoven, Enschede, Heerenveen and Rotterdam, but both Amsterdam and Rotterdam would provide two stadiums. Eindhoven would function as the 'capital city' of the World Cup. Euro 2000 was also jointly hosted by Belgium and the Netherlands. On 31 October 2007, The Football Association officially announced its bid to host the event. On 24 April 2008 England finalised a 63-page bid to host", "title": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids" }, { "id": "7584340", "text": "States and Mexico, and the second one was from CAF with a bid by Morocco. The host was announced on 13 June 2018 at the 68th FIFA Congress in Moscow, Russia. The United Bid from Canada, Mexico and the United States was selected over the Morocco bid by 134 votes to 65 with 1 selecting neither and 3 abstentions. This will be the first World Cup to be hosted by more than two countries. Mexico becomes the first country to host three men's World Cups and its Estadio Azteca, should selected, will become the first stadium to stage three World", "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts" }, { "id": "10915556", "text": "Cup. Base camps were used by the 32 national squads to stay and train before and during the World Cup tournament. On 9 February 2018, FIFA announced the base camps for each participating team. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion , it is the most expensive World Cup in history, surpassing the cost of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. The Russian government had originally earmarked a budget of around $20 billion which was later slashed to $10 billion for the preparations of the World Cup, of which half is spent on transport infrastructure. As part of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "19256734", "text": "city’s cultural and sporting events, festivals, exhibitions, and concerts. In the future, the stadium will host a fitness center. Sound system processing and amplification: www.mc2-audio.,co.uk Volgograd Arena The Volgograd Arena () is a football stadium in Volgograd, Russia. The stadium is one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It also hosts FC Rotor Volgograd. It has a capacity of 45,568 spectators. The stadium was built on site of the demolished Central Stadium, at the foot of the Mamayev Kurgan memorial complex, near the Volga River. The previous stadium was built in 1958, on the site of a", "title": "Volgograd Arena" }, { "id": "7584315", "text": "country is now chosen in a vote by FIFA's Congress. This is done under an exhaustive ballot system. The decision is currently made roughly seven years in advance of the tournament, though the hosts for the 2022 tournament were chosen at the same time as those for the 2018 tournament. Only Mexico, Italy, France, Germany (West Germany until shortly after the 1990 World Cup) and Brazil have hosted the event on two occasions. Mexico City's Estadio Azteca and Rio de Janeiro's Maracanã are the only venues ever to have hosted two FIFA World Cup finals. Only the 2002 FIFA World", "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts" }, { "id": "5438099", "text": "non-European bids for the 2018 event were withdrawn, resulting in the exclusion of all European bids from consideration for the 2022 edition. By the time of the decision, bids for the 2018 World Cup included England, Russia, a joint bid from Belgium and Netherlands, and a joint bid from Portugal and Spain. Bids for the 2022 World Cup came from Australia, Japan, Qatar, South Korea, and the United States. Indonesia's bid was disqualified due to lack of governmental support, and Mexico withdrew its bid for financial reasons. On 2 December 2010, Russia and Qatar were selected as the locations for", "title": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids" }, { "id": "15301303", "text": "explosives, and it will be serviced by 30 24-hour security posts. Samara Arena Samara Arena (), also known as the Cosmos Arena, is a football stadium in Samara, Russia. The stadium was one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It also hosts FC Krylia Sovetov Samara of the Russian Football National League, replacing Metallurg Stadium. It has a capacity of 44,918 spectators. Samara authorities announced their design tender in late 2012 with cost estimated at $320 million. General characteristics The stadium design was approved (re-approved) by Glavgosexpertiza of Russia on 19 July 2017. The main architectural feature", "title": "Samara Arena" }, { "id": "14582363", "text": "bid committee also includes RFU CEO Alexey Sorokin and Alexander Djordjadze as the Director of Bid Planning and Operations. In October 2010, Russia formally pulled out of the race to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup. On December 2, 2010 Russia was chosen as the host country for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Fourteen cities are included in the current proposal, which divides them into 6 different clusters: one in the north, centered on St. Petersburg, a central cluster, centered on Moscow, a southern cluster, centered on Sochi, and the Volga River cluster. Only one city beyond the Ural Mountains", "title": "Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup bid" }, { "id": "2113016", "text": "first broadcast in 1974. Radio transmission began in Rostov-on-Don on October 17, 1975. In 2009, there were fourteen FM radio stations in Rostov-on-Don. Rostov-on-Don is one of the host cities for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. A huge development is planned on the left bank of the Don River, which includes a soccer stadium to host the games during the championship. In 2018, Rostov-on-Don was one of the Russian cities to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Rostov Arena with a capacity of 45,000 spectators was built on the left bank of the Don River, left of the exit from", "title": "Rostov-on-Don" }, { "id": "20193129", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament held in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. The 32 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament. A provisional list of 35 players per national team was submitted to FIFA by 14 May 2018, one month prior to the opening match of the tournament. From the preliminary squad, the final list of 23 players per national team was submitted", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads" }, { "id": "19256729", "text": "Volgograd Arena The Volgograd Arena () is a football stadium in Volgograd, Russia. The stadium is one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It also hosts FC Rotor Volgograd. It has a capacity of 45,568 spectators. The stadium was built on site of the demolished Central Stadium, at the foot of the Mamayev Kurgan memorial complex, near the Volga River. The previous stadium was built in 1958, on the site of a former oil depot. This area was undeveloped, occupied by randomly distributed low-value buildings, warehouses, barracks and ravines. During construction of the stadium, 300 unexploded bombs", "title": "Volgograd Arena" }, { "id": "20761851", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony The opening ceremony of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on Thursday, 14 June 2018, at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, Russia at 3:30 (BST), about a half hour before the opening match which Russia won 5–0 over Saudi Arabia. Former Brazilian World Cup-winning striker Ronaldo walked out with a child wearing a Russia 2018 shirt. English pop singer Robbie Williams then took centre stage with a rendition of \"Let Me Entertain You\" before Russian soprano Aida Garifullina was carried out on to the pitch on the back of a \"firebird\" float. Williams", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony" }, { "id": "10915552", "text": "are in European Russia, while Sochi and Yekaterinburg are very close to the Europe-Asia border, to reduce travel time for the teams in the huge country. The bid evaluation report stated: \"The Russian bid proposes 13 host cities and 16 stadiums, thus exceeding FIFA's minimum requirement. Three of the 16 stadiums would be renovated, and 13 would be newly constructed.\" In October 2011, Russia decreased the number of stadiums from 16 to 14. Construction of the proposed Podolsk stadium in the Moscow region was cancelled by the regional government, and also in the capital, Otkrytiye Arena was competing with Dynamo", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "7584336", "text": "banned in 2002), because there was only one organizing committee per joint bid, unlike Korea–Japan, which had two different organizing committees. Countries that announced their interest included Australia, England, Indonesia, Japan, Qatar, Russia, South Korea, United States, the joint bid of Spain and Portugal and the joint bid of Belgium and Netherlands. The hosts for both World Cups were announced by the FIFA Executive Committee on 2 December 2010. Russia was selected to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time that the World Cup will be hosted in Eastern Europe and making it the biggest country", "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts" }, { "id": "5438140", "text": "FIFA's headquarters in Zurich. Russia was chosen to host the 2018 World Cup, and Qatar was chosen to host the 2022 World Cup. This made Russia the first Eastern European country to host the World Cup, while Qatar would be the first Middle Eastern country to host the World Cup. Blatter noted that the committee had decided to \"go to new lands\" and reflected a desire to \"develop football\" by bringing it to more countries. In each round a majority of twelve votes was needed. If no bid received 12 votes in a round, the bid with the fewest votes", "title": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids" }, { "id": "15358515", "text": "years old. Some of them worked as volunteers during the 1980 Olympics in Moscow. It was the first experience with such a large-scale volunteer program in the contemporary Russia. For the first time in its history, Russia will host the FIFA World Cup from 14 June till 15 July 2018. Moreover, it will be the first time the World Cup games will be played both in Europe and Asia. The games will be hosted by 12 stadiums in 11 Russian cities. The volunteer program of the 2018 FIFA World Cup has engaged thousands of people from Russia and other countries", "title": "Volunteering" }, { "id": "20441570", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final The 2018 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 15 July 2018 to determine the winners of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It was the final of the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The match was contested by France and Croatia, and held at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, Russia. Before 2018, France's only World Cup victory was in 1998 – though they had also reached the final in 2006 – while Croatia were playing in", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "145471", "text": "who will host the World Cup is usually made six or seven years in advance of the tournament. However, there have been occasions where the hosts of multiple future tournaments were announced at the same time, as was the case for the 2018 and 2022 World Cups, which were awarded to Russia and Qatar, with Qatar becoming the first Middle Eastern country to host the tournament. For the 2010 and 2014 World Cups, the final tournament is rotated between confederations, allowing only countries from the chosen confederation (Africa in 2010, South America in 2014) to bid to host the tournament.", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "15301334", "text": "Rostov Arena Rostov Arena () is an association football stadium in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. It is one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It also hosts FC Rostov of the Russian Premier League, replacing Olimp – 2. It has a capacity of 45,000 spectators. In June 2013, during the groundbreaking for the stadium, five shells from WWII were found, almost perfectly preserved. In August 2013, work began on the sandy alluvium foundation for the stadium. Work on the foundation was completed in May 2014. Construction commenced on the stadium substructure in October 2015. In December the construction site", "title": "Rostov Arena" }, { "id": "10915538", "text": "The finals involved 32 teams, of which 31 came through qualifying competitions, while the host nation qualified automatically. Of the 32 teams, 20 had also appeared in the previous tournament in 2014, while both Iceland and Panama made their first appearances at a FIFA World Cup. A total of 64 matches were played in 12 venues across 11 cities. The final took place on 15 July at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, between France and Croatia. France won the match 4–2 to claim their second World Cup title, marking the fourth consecutive title won by a European team. The bidding", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "15301338", "text": "sporting and cultural events. Rostov Arena Rostov Arena () is an association football stadium in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. It is one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It also hosts FC Rostov of the Russian Premier League, replacing Olimp – 2. It has a capacity of 45,000 spectators. In June 2013, during the groundbreaking for the stadium, five shells from WWII were found, almost perfectly preserved. In August 2013, work began on the sandy alluvium foundation for the stadium. Work on the foundation was completed in May 2014. Construction commenced on the stadium substructure in October 2015. In", "title": "Rostov Arena" }, { "id": "10915562", "text": "2018, at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, preceding the opening match of the tournament between hosts Russia and Saudi Arabia. At the start of the ceremony, Russian president Vladimir Putin gave a speech, welcoming the countries of the world to Russia and calling football a uniting force. Brazilian World Cup-winning striker Ronaldo entered the stadium with a child in a Russia shirt. Pop singer Robbie Williams then sang two of his songs solo before he and Russian soprano Aida Garifullina performed a duet. Dancers dressed in the flags of the 32 competing teams appeared carrying a sign with the name", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20761855", "text": "Yeah, I did, didn't I?”. Williams changing his lyrics \"every night\" is still unexplained. 2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony The opening ceremony of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on Thursday, 14 June 2018, at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, Russia at 3:30 (BST), about a half hour before the opening match which Russia won 5–0 over Saudi Arabia. Former Brazilian World Cup-winning striker Ronaldo walked out with a child wearing a Russia 2018 shirt. English pop singer Robbie Williams then took centre stage with a rendition of \"Let Me Entertain You\" before Russian soprano Aida Garifullina was", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony" }, { "id": "20441576", "text": "was reduced to 78,011 for the World Cup. This also makes the stadium the largest in Eastern Europe, and among the largest in Europe. To prepare for the World Cup, the stadium was closed for extensive renovations in August 2013. The spectator stands were moved closer to the pitch, which was converted from artificial turf to natural grass, after the removal of the athletic track. The historic facade of the stadium was preserved due to its architectural value, while the roof was upgraded using a new polycarbonate skin with exterior lighting. The Luzhniki did not host any matches at the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "5438116", "text": "bid: Spain would lead a twelve-stadium project with eight of the venues, and the opening and final games would be held in Lisbon and Madrid, respectively. Spain has previously hosted the 1982 World Cup, while Portugal organised the Euro 2004. Russia announced its intent to bid in early 2009, and submitted its request to FIFA in time. Russia's President Vladimir Putin took a keen interest in the bid and ordered Vitaly Mutko, the Minister of Sports, to \"prepare a bid for Russia to hold the 2018 World Cup\". According to a report earlier submitted by Vitaly Mutko, who also served", "title": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids" }, { "id": "10915539", "text": "procedure to host the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup tournaments began in January 2009, and national associations had until 2 February 2009 to register their interest. Initially, nine countries placed bids for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, but Mexico later withdrew from proceedings, and Indonesia's bid was rejected by FIFA in February 2010 after the Indonesian government failed to submit a letter to support the bid. During the bidding process, the three remaining non-UEFA nations (Australia, Japan, and the United States) gradually withdrew from the 2018 bids, and the UEFA nations were thus ruled out of the 2022 bid.", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "11491876", "text": "English Lacrosse, withdrew from hosting duties in May 2017, citing what it saw as an unacceptably high level of financial risk. The event ultimately took place in Netanya, Israel between 12 and 21 July 2018. It was announced on 2 December 2010 that England's bid was unsuccessful and the 2018 FIFA World Cup would be held in Russia. Failed due to unsuccessful bid to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup. In December 2006, the Football Association of Wales announced it was tentatively considering the possibility of jointly hosting the tournament with the Scottish Football Association. Scotland, along with the Republic", "title": "Major sports event hosting in Britain during the 2010s" }, { "id": "17724716", "text": "Bielsko-Biała, Bydgoszcz, Gdynia, Łódź, Lublin and Tychy six cities to host the competition. Lubin (not to confuse with Lublin) ended up withdrawn from the list due to hotel capacity troubles. Łódź will host the opening and final at the Stadion Widzewa. Bielsko-Biała will replace Lubin as host city. The emblem was unveiled on 14 December 2018. The emblem features a crocus, a flower that blooms every spring in Poland combined with the colors of the Polish flag, symbolising the new faces that will emerge to shape the tournament's trophy. The slogan, official song, match ball and mascot to be unveiled", "title": "2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup" }, { "id": "13418830", "text": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup The 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 10th FIFA Confederations Cup, a quadrennial international men's football tournament organised by FIFA. It was held in Russia, from 17 June to 2 July 2017, as a prelude to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Russia was announced as the host on 2 December 2010 after the country was awarded the hosting rights of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played in four different stadiums across four cities: Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, and Sochi. It was the first time Russia has hosted the tournament, and the third time", "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup" }, { "id": "10915543", "text": "entered the competition. Places in the tournament were allocated to continental confederations, with the allocation unchanged from the 2014 World Cup. The first qualification game, between Timor-Leste and Mongolia, began in Dili on 12 March 2015 as part of the AFC's qualification, and the main qualifying draw took place at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, on 25 July 2015. Of the 32 nations qualified to play at the 2018 FIFA World Cup, 20 countries competed at the previous tournament in 2014. Both Iceland and Panama qualified for the first time, with the former becoming the smallest country in", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "19433066", "text": "the event before, the tournament will be heading to a new location, later shortlisted to four. The Czech Republic, Egypt, Georgia, the Netherlands, and the United States expressed interest, but eventually did not bid. The host were originally to be appointed by December 2016, then delayed to December 2017. Costa Rica, Croatia, Kazakhstan, and the United Arab Emirates were later eliminated from contention. The hosts were selected by the FIFA Council on 26 October 2018 in Kigali, Rwanda from the final four candidates: Iran, Japan, Lithuania, and New Zealand. Lithuania were chosen over Iran, Japan and New Zealand as host", "title": "2020 FIFA Futsal World Cup" }, { "id": "10915576", "text": "Cups. In an interview published on 7 June 2015, Domenico Scala, the head of FIFA's Audit And Compliance Committee, stated that \"should there be evidence that the awards to Qatar and Russia came only because of bought votes, then the awards could be cancelled\". Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and former British Prime Minister David Cameron attended a meeting with FIFA vice-president Chung Mong-joon in which a vote-trading deal for the right to host the 2018 World Cup in England was discussed. In response to the March 2018 poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal, British Prime Minister Theresa May announced", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915544", "text": "terms of population to reach the World Cup. Other teams returning after absences of at least three tournaments include: Egypt, returning to the finals after their last appearance in 1990; Morocco, who last competed in 1998; Peru, returning after 1982; and Senegal, competing for the second time after reaching the quarter-finals in 2002. It is the first time three Nordic countries (Denmark, Iceland and Sweden) and four Arab nations (Egypt, Morocco, Saudi Arabia and Tunisia) have qualified for the World Cup. Notable countries that failed to qualify include four-time champions Italy (for the first time since 1958), three-time runners-up and", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915545", "text": "third placed in 2014 the Netherlands (for the first time since 2002), and four reigning continental champions: 2017 Africa Cup of Nations winners Cameroon, two-time Copa América champions and 2017 Confederations Cup runners-up Chile, 2016 OFC Nations Cup winners New Zealand, and 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup champions United States (for the first time since 1986). The other notable qualifying streaks broken were for Ghana and Ivory Coast, who had both made the previous three tournaments. \"Note: Numbers in parentheses indicate positions in the FIFA World Rankings at the time of the tournament.\" The draw was held on 1 December 2017", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915580", "text": "three billion viewers on TV all around the world and 7 million fans visited the fan fests. FIFA, through several companies, sold the broadcasting rights for the 2018 FIFA World Cup to various local broadcasters. After having trailed the technology in limited matches at the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup, and the 2014 FIFA World Cup (via private tests and public viewings in the host city of Rio de Janeiro), the 2018 World Cup was the first World Cup in which all matches were produced in 4K ultra high definition. Host Broadcasting Services stated that at least 75% of the broadcast", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20097548", "text": "from the quarterfinals onward. On June 13, 2018, at the 68th FIFA Congress in Moscow, Russia, the United bid was selected by 134 votes to Morocco's 65, while Iran voted for neither. Upon this selection, Canada will become the fifth country to host both the men's and women's World Cup, joining Sweden, the United States, Germany, and France. Mexico will become the first country to host three men's World Cups, and the United States will become the first country to host both the men's and women's World Cup twice each. This will be the first World Cup to be hosted", "title": "United 2026 FIFA World Cup bid" }, { "id": "10915557", "text": "the program for preparation to the 2018 FIFA World Cup, a federal sub-program \"Construction and Renovation of Transport Infrastructure\" was implemented with a total budget of 352.5 billion rubles, with 170.3 billion coming from the federal budget, 35.1 billion from regional budgets, and 147.1 billion from investors. The biggest item of federal spending was the aviation infrastructure (117.8 billion rubles). Construction of new hotels was a crucial area of infrastructure development in the World Cup host cities. Costs continued to balloon as preparations were underway. Platov International Airport in Rostov-on-Don was upgraded with automated air traffic control systems, modern surveillance,", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915546", "text": "at 18:00 MSK at the State Kremlin Palace in Moscow. The 32 teams were drawn into 8 groups of 4, by selecting one team from each of the 4 ranked pots. For the draw, the teams were allocated to four pots based on the FIFA World Rankings of October 2017. Pot 1 contained the hosts Russia (who were automatically assigned to position A1) and the best seven teams, pot 2 contained the next best eight teams, and so on for pots 3 and 4. This was different from previous draws, when only pot 1 was based on FIFA rankings while", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20441572", "text": "also became the second team in the 32-team World Cup to win all their knockout matches without any extra time or penalty shoot-out after Brazil in 2002. As winners, France qualified for the 2021 FIFA Confederations Cup. The final was played at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, located in the Khamovniki District of the Central Administrative Okrug. An expanded version of the stadium was named as the provisional final venue in Russia's World Cup bid, which was selected by FIFA on 2 December 2010. Luzhniki Stadium was confirmed as the final venue on 14 December 2012, following a meeting of", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "2656257", "text": "Saransk Saransk (; ; ) is the capital city of the Republic of Mordovia, Russia, as well as its financial and economic centre. It is located in the Volga basin at the confluence of the Saranka and Insar Rivers, about east of Moscow. Saransk was one of the host cities of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The Russian fortress Atemar, founded in 1641, took its name from a nearby Mordvin village; at the time the fortress stood on the southeastern frontier of the Tsardom of Russia. The current name, \"Saransk\", refers to the city's situation on the Saranka river. Soon", "title": "Saransk" }, { "id": "10915554", "text": "of venues for the tournament may be reduced from 12 to 10. He also said, \"We are not going to be in a situation, as is the case of one, two or even three stadiums in South Africa, where it is a problem of what you do with these stadiums\". In October 2014, on their first official visit to Russia, FIFA's inspection committee and its head Chris Unger visited St Petersburg, Sochi, Kazan and both Moscow venues. They were satisfied with the progress. On 8 October 2015, FIFA and the Local Organising Committee agreed on the official names of the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145472", "text": "The rotation policy was introduced after the controversy surrounding Germany's victory over South Africa in the vote to host the 2006 tournament. However, the policy of continental rotation will not continue beyond 2014, so any country, except those belonging to confederations that hosted the two preceding tournaments, can apply as hosts for World Cups starting from 2018. This is partly to avoid a similar scenario to the bidding process for the 2014 tournament, where Brazil was the only official bidder. The 2026 FIFA World Cup was chosen to be held in the United States, Canada and Mexico, marking the first", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "15120739", "text": "Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg) The Central Stadium of Yekaterinburg, also known as Ekaterinburg Arena, is a multi-purpose stadium in the city of Yekaterinburg in Russia. It is the home ground of Russian Premier League football club FC Ural Yekaterinburg. The capacity of the stadium is just over 35,000, and will be reduced to 23,000 after the World Cup. It is one of 12 venues in 11 host cities for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. The stadium is the eastern-most among the 2018 World Cup venues, being the only venue that stands in Asian Russia. Central Stadium was built in", "title": "Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg)" }, { "id": "760497", "text": "the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Yekaterinburg is one of the 11 Russian cities that hosted the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played on the upgraded Central Stadium. For the World Cup 2018, from 7 October 2015 to 29 December 2017, the Central Stadium was upgraded to bring it into compliance with FIFA requirements for the World Cup. The architectural concept of the new stadium is built on a combination of historical walls and the built-in core of the modern arena. During the reconstruction of the sports facility, which is a monument of history and culture, the facades are", "title": "Yekaterinburg" }, { "id": "9340233", "text": "be used mostly for football matches and will host the home matches of FC Spartak Moscow. The stadium was designed with a capacity of 35,000 people, but later this was changed to a 42,000 people. The new stadium was included in Russia's bid for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, possibly hosting the opening game, as the Luzhniki Stadium is to host the final. Tushino Airfield Tushino airfield () is a former general aviation airfield located in Tushino, northwest Moscow, Russia. During the Cold War, this was the site of military exercises showcasing the latest in Soviet innovation. These exercises were", "title": "Tushino Airfield" }, { "id": "10915559", "text": "Kazan and Sochi. On 27 March, the Ministry of Construction Industry, Housing and Utilities Sector of Russia reported that all communications within its area of responsibility have been commissioned. The last facility commissioned was a waste treatment station in Volgograd. In Yekaterinburg, where four matches are hosted, hosting costs increased to over 7.4 billion rubles, over-running the 5.6 billion rubles originally allocated from the state and regional budget. Volunteer applications to the Russia 2018 Local Organising Committee opened on 1 June 2016. The 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Volunteer Program received about 177,000 applications, and engaged a total of 35,000", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18520733", "text": "the February and August fixtures from the FIFA calendar, the 'Hex' for the first time was not contained within a single calendar year, but instead began in November 2016 and concluded in October 2017. The draw for the fifth round (to decide the fixtures) was held on 8 July 2016, 10:00 EDT (), at the CONCACAF headquarters in Miami Beach, United States. The draw for the inter-confederation play-offs was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg. The fourth-placed team from", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)" }, { "id": "251989", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup, and in Moscow, the Luzhniki Stadium will have an increased capacity, by almost 10,000 new seats, in addition to a further two stadiums that will be built: the Dynamo Stadium, and the Spartak Stadium. Together these will have a capacity of at least 40,000 seats. Two of Moscow's stadiums will serve as venues for the FIFA World Cup games: the Luzhniki Stadium and the Otkritie Arena. Luzhniki Stadium is the largest stadium in the country. It has a capacity of up to 81,000 spectators. The stadium has 102 VIP boxes, 2000 seats for media representatives and", "title": "Moscow" }, { "id": "15120971", "text": "first legs were played on 10 and 11 November 2017, and the second legs were played on 15 November 2017. The matchups were decided at the preliminary draw which was held on 25 July 2015, at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification process was a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations to decide 31 of the 32 teams which would play in the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with Russia qualifying automatically as hosts. All 210 remaining FIFA member associations were eligible to enter the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "5438112", "text": "that all games would be played at English grounds. The venues selected on 16 December 2009 to form the bid were: London (three stadiums), Manchester (two stadiums), Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, Milton Keynes, Newcastle, Nottingham, Plymouth, Sheffield and Sunderland. FIFA officials also expressed interest in an English bid. David Will, a vice-president of FIFA, noted England's World Cup proposal as early as May 2004. Franz Beckenbauer, leader of Germany's successful bid for the 2006 World Cup and a member of FIFA's Executive Committee, twice publicly backed an English bid to host the World Cup, in January and July 2007. FIFA", "title": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids" }, { "id": "20555717", "text": "Strelka (Nizhny Novgorod Metro) Strelka () is a station of the Nizhny Novgorod Metro which was opened on 12 June 2018. It is the northern terminus of the Sormovsko–Meshcherskaya line. The station is located near Nizhny Novgorod Stadium, one of the venues for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The name, which means “spit” (of land) in Russian, refers to the Spit of Nizhny Novgorod at the confluence of the Oka and Volga rivers. Although plans for a northern extension of the line have existed for some time, there had been little progress. Construction toward Yarmarka Station started in 1993, but", "title": "Strelka (Nizhny Novgorod Metro)" }, { "id": "6859454", "text": "Khalifa International Stadium Khalifa International Stadium (), also known as National Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Doha, Qatar as part of the Doha Sports City complex, which also includes Aspire Academy, Hamad Aquatic Centre, and the Aspire Tower. It is named after Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Qatar's former Emir. The final of 2011 AFC Asian Cup was held at this stadium. The stadium is also the first completed venue that will host a part of the 2022 FIFA World Cup. In 2017, it received a four star rating from the Global Sustainability Assessment System (GSAS), the first in", "title": "Khalifa International Stadium" }, { "id": "1915346", "text": "Plan, aims to increase airport’s capacity to 80 million passengers a year by 2026. Sheremetyevo International Airport was the official airport of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. During the tournament, the airport observed a 16% increase in landing operations and an 11% increase in passenger traffic. In late 2018, Rossiya Airlines announced the transfer of its flights from Vnukovo Airport to Sheremetyevo International Airport starting October 28, 2018. Rossiya Airlines is owned by Aeroflot. Sheremetyevo International Airport has four operating passenger terminals and one special terminal reserved for the use of private and business aviation. The airport's terminals are divided", "title": "Sheremetyevo International Airport" }, { "id": "10915560", "text": "volunteers. They received training at 15 Volunteer Centres of the Local Organising Committee based in 15 universities, and in Volunteer Centres in the host cities. Preference, especially in the key areas, was given to those with knowledge of foreign languages and volunteering experience, but not necessarily to Russian nationals. Free public transport services were offered for ticketholders during the World Cup, including additional trains linking between host cities, as well as services such as bus service within them. The full schedule was announced by FIFA on 24 July 2015 (without kick-off times, which were confirmed later). On 1 December 2017,", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18894375", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (inter-confederation play-offs) For the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification, there were two scheduled inter-confederation play-offs to determine the final two qualification spots to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were originally scheduled to be played between 6–14 November 2017, and later confirmed to take place between 10–15 November. The draw for the inter-confederation play-offs was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg. The four teams from the four confederations (AFC, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, and OFC)", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (inter-confederation play-offs)" }, { "id": "145438", "text": "Chile, England, Argentina, Spain, the United States, Japan and South Korea (jointly), South Africa and Russia have each hosted once. Qatar are planned as hosts of the 2022 finals, and 2026 will be jointly hosted by Canada, the United States and Mexico, which will give Mexico the distinction of being the first country to have hosted games in three finals. The world's first international football match was a challenge match played in Glasgow in 1872 between Scotland and England, which ended in a 0–0 draw. The first international tournament, the inaugural British Home Championship, took place in 1884. As football", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "15120967", "text": "the fixtures) was held on 8 July 2016 at the CONCACAF headquarters in Miami Beach, United States. The qualification structure was the same as the previous five editions. The ten teams played in a league of home-and-away round-robin matches. The top four teams qualified for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and the fifth-placed team advanced to the inter-confederation play-offs, playing the winners of the Oceania Football Confederation qualifying competition. Unlike previous qualifying tournaments where the fixtures were pre-determined, the fixtures were decided by a draw held on 25 July 2015, at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. The", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "801815", "text": "the Super League in the 2013/14 season. Samara is one of eleven cities hosting the 2018 FIFA World Cup with 6 matches (4 Group Stage matches, 1 Round of 16 match, 1 Quarter-Final) which will take place in the newly built Cosmos Arena stadium. The stadium's seating capacity is 45,000. During the World Cup, the city hosted the FIFA Fan Fest on the Kuibysheva Square. Up to 20,000 fans were be able to participate in the event at a time. Three new training fields have been built in the city for the FIFA World Cup. Two major roads have been", "title": "Samara" }, { "id": "14241893", "text": "been built, exceeding FIFA's 40,000 capacity requirement. The bid was unsuccessful, Russia was selected as the host of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Trent Bridge cricket ground, located across the river in West Bridgford, Rushcliffe, is the home of Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club, who were winners of the 2005 County Championship and runners-up in the 2006 Twenty20 cup competition. Trent Bridge is a major venue for international Test matches, and also hosts other important cricketing events such as the Twenty20 cup finals and regular One Day International games. The ground, which has won architectural awards for the design of some", "title": "Sport in Nottingham" }, { "id": "6859457", "text": "in May 2017. Khalifa International Stadium Khalifa International Stadium (), also known as National Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Doha, Qatar as part of the Doha Sports City complex, which also includes Aspire Academy, Hamad Aquatic Centre, and the Aspire Tower. It is named after Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Qatar's former Emir. The final of 2011 AFC Asian Cup was held at this stadium. The stadium is also the first completed venue that will host a part of the 2022 FIFA World Cup. In 2017, it received a four star rating from the Global Sustainability Assessment System (GSAS),", "title": "Khalifa International Stadium" }, { "id": "20028243", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup seeding The draw for the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on 1 December 2017 at the State Kremlin Palace in Moscow, Russia. It determined the group in which each of the 32 qualified national teams will play in at the start of the tournament. The teams were divided into four pots of eight, with one team selected from each pot to form a group. Unlike previous editions of the World Cup, all pots were determined by each national team's October 2017 FIFA World Ranking, with Pot 1 containing the highest-ranked teams, Pot 2 containing the", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup seeding" }, { "id": "15120957", "text": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification process was a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations to decide 31 of the 32 teams which would play in the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with Russia qualifying automatically as hosts. All 210 remaining FIFA member associations were eligible to enter the qualifying process, and for the first time in World Cup history, all eligible national teams registered for the preliminary competition, but Zimbabwe and Indonesia were disqualified before playing their first matches. Bhutan, South Sudan, Gibraltar and Kosovo made their FIFA World Cup qualification debuts.", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification" }, { "id": "20441573", "text": "the now-erswthile FIFA Executive Committee held in Tokyo, Japan. The stadium also hosted six other matches, including the opening match on 14 June, three group stage matches, a round of 16 match, and the second semi-final match. The Luzhniki Stadium, previously known as the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium until 1992, originally opened in 1956 as part of the Luzhniki Olympic Complex to host the USSR Summer Spartakiade. The stadium has served as the national stadium of the country, hosting many matches for the Russia national team and its predecessor, the Soviet Union national team. In the past,", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "12050005", "text": "for the 2010, 2014, 2018 and 2022 tournaments: The qualifying draw is scheduled to take place in July 2019. The first five proposed venues for the World Cup were unveiled at the beginning of March 2010. The stadiums aim to employ cooling technology capable of reducing temperatures within the stadium by up to , and the upper tiers of the stadiums will be disassembled after the World Cup and donated to countries with less developed sports infrastructure. Qatar aims to build the stadiums with the highest sustainability and environmental standards. The stadiums will be equipped with cooling systems that are", "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "20441575", "text": "Hockey World Championships, the 1973 Summer Universiade, the Friendship Games in 1984, the 1986 Goodwill Games, and the 1998 World Youth Games. In 2013, the Rugby World Cup Sevens and World Athletics Championships were held at the ground in front of sparse crowds. The stadium has also served as a venue for many concerts, including Western artists after the fall of the Soviet Union, as well as political rallies. Rated as a category 4 stadium by UEFA, the Luzhniki Stadium is the largest in Russia and at the 2018 World Cup; it usually has a maximum capacity of 81,006, but", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "7079453", "text": "plans to expand the stadium to 29,000 seats over the course of the summer of 2012, however the economic downturn shelved these plans. As part of the combined Netherlands and Belgium bid to host the 2018 or 2022 FIFA World Cup, the stadium was one of five stadiums in the Netherlands selected by the KNVB to host games. A successful bid would have meant that the stadium capacity would have been increased to the minimum required seating of 44,000 . In the beginning of December 2010 FIFA announced that the 2018 World Cup would be awarded to Russia. Just before", "title": "Abe Lenstra Stadion" }, { "id": "10915584", "text": "alongside other sports rights owners that have also been affected to protect its interests.\" In the United States, the 2018 World Cup was the first men's World Cup whose English rights were held by Fox Sports, and Spanish rights held by Telemundo. The elimination of the United States in qualifying led to concerns that US interest and viewership of this World Cup would be reduced (especially among \"casual\" viewers interested in the U.S. team; its matches at the 2014 World Cup peaked at 16.5 million U.S. viewers), especially noting how much Fox paid for the rights. During a launch event", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "10915542", "text": "the controversy, the FA refused to accept Eckert's absolving of Russia from blame, with Greg Dyke calling for a re-examination of the affair and David Bernstein calling for a boycott of the World Cup. For the first time in the history of the FIFA World Cup, all eligible nations – the 209 FIFA member associations minus automatically qualified hosts Russia – applied to enter the qualifying process. Zimbabwe and Indonesia were later disqualified before playing their first matches, while Gibraltar and Kosovo, who joined FIFA on 13 May 2016 after the qualifying draw but before European qualifying had begun, also", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18057828", "text": "the first round, while the other seven teams entered the second round. The schedule of the competition was as follows. The inter-confederation play-offs were scheduled to be played between 6–14 November 2017. The match schedule was revealed on 30 July 2015, following a draw held at OFC Headquarters in Auckland, New Zealand. The draw for the second round was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. While the results of the OFC Nations Cup knockout stage matches have no", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (OFC)" }, { "id": "18520731", "text": "– used to draw the first four rounds of the qualifiers – was based on the FIFA World Rankings of August 2014 (shown in parentheses). The schedule of the competition was as follows. The inter-confederation play-offs were scheduled to be played between 6–14 November 2017. The draw for the first round was held on 15 January 2015, 19:40 EST (), at the W Hotel at Miami Beach, Florida, United States. The draw for the second round was held on 15 January 2015, 19:40 EST (), at the W Hotel at Miami Beach, Florida, United States. The draw for the third", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)" }, { "id": "5438132", "text": "Stadium and Daegu Stadium. Another 70,000 seat stadium is scheduled to be built in Incheon as the main stadium for the 2014 Asian Games. Other venues meet hosting requirements as they were built for the 2002 World Cup. The 12 cities selected to hold the finals were South Korea to win the bid were selected in March 2010 and were Busan, Cheonan, Daegu, Daejeon, Goyang, Gwangju, Incheon (2 venues), Jeonju, Seogwipo, Seoul (2venues), Suwon and Ulsan. U.S. Soccer first said in February 2007 that it would bid for the 2018 World Cup. On 28 January 2009, U.S. Soccer then announced", "title": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids" }, { "id": "5438098", "text": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids The bidding process for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups was the process by which the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) selected locations for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups. The process began officially in March 2009; eleven bids from thirteen countries were received, including one which was withdrawn and one that was rejected before FIFA's executive committee voted in November 2010. Two of the remaining nine bids applied only to the 2022 World Cup, while the rest were initially applications for both. Over the course of the bidding, all", "title": "2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids" }, { "id": "2408528", "text": "and closing ceremonies, as well as some of the competitions, including the final of the football tournament. A UEFA Category 4 stadium, Luzhniki hosted UEFA Cup Final in 1999 and UEFA Champions League Final in 2008. The stadium also hosted such events as 1973 Summer Universiade and 2013 World Championships in Athletics. It was named the main stadium of 2018 FIFA World Cup and hosted 7 matches of the tournament, including the opening match and the final. In the past its field has been used as the home ground (at various times) for football games played by CSKA Moscow, Spartak", "title": "Luzhniki Stadium" }, { "id": "7443379", "text": "Cup matches. The stadium was supposed to be completely reconstructed, but Yaroslavl was cut from the final host list. Shinnik Stadium The Shinnik Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Yaroslavl, Russia. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Shinnik Yaroslavl. The stadium holds 22,990 people. It was planned on being expanded to 45,000 people in capacity, for the FIFA World Cup 2018, which will be hosted in Russia, but the plans fell through when Yaroslavl didn't make it to the host cities list. Opened in 1957. [source not specified 2420 days] In", "title": "Shinnik Stadium" }, { "id": "18548273", "text": "fifth-placed team advanced to the inter-confederation play-offs. Unlike previous qualifying tournaments where the fixtures were pre-determined, the fixtures were determined by draw, which was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia. For scheduling reasons, Argentina and Brazil were automatically positioned as Teams 4 and 5 respectively to ensure that no team has to play both of them on any double matchday. The remaining eight teams were drawn into one of the remaining eight positions from Teams 1 to 10", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)" }, { "id": "145435", "text": "FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the \"\" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champion is France, which won its second title at the 2018 tournament in Russia. The current format of the competition involves a qualification phase, which currently takes place over the", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "145473", "text": "time a World Cup has been shared by three host nations. The 2026 tournament will be the biggest World Cup ever held, with 48 teams playing 80 matches. Sixty matches will take place in the US, including all matches from the quarter-finals onward, while Canada and Mexico will host 10 games each. Six of the eight champions have won one of their titles while playing in their own homeland, the exceptions being Brazil, who finished as runners-up after losing the deciding match on home soil in 1950 and lost their semi-final against Germany in 2014, and Spain, which reached the", "title": "FIFA World Cup" }, { "id": "18520734", "text": "CONCACAF was drawn against the fifth-placed team from Asian Football Confederation (AFC), with the CONCACAF team hosting the first leg. The following three teams from CONCACAF qualified for the final tournament. 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF) The North, Central American and Caribbean section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, to be held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF). 3.5 slots (3 direct slots and 1 inter-confederation play-off slot) in the final tournament were available for", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)" }, { "id": "1744869", "text": "to Europe for 9 December 2018 in Madrid, a neutral site, for security and travel reasons. Both sets of fans attended the match as River Plate won 3–1 after extra time (5–3 on aggregate) to lift the trophy outside of South America for the first time and flew to the UAE afterwards, arriving for the 2018 FIFA Club World Cup with sufficient time. Santiago Bernabéu Stadium The Santiago Bernabéu Stadium ( ) is a football stadium in Madrid, Spain. With a current seating capacity of 81,044, it has been the home stadium of Real Madrid since its completion in 1947.", "title": "Santiago Bernabéu Stadium" }, { "id": "20441577", "text": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup due to the ongoing project. The renovation project cost €341 million, and the stadium officially reopened with an international friendly between Russia and Argentina on 11 November 2017. After Uruguay and Brazil were eliminated in the quarter-finals, a European side was ensured to win the World Cup for a fourth consecutive tournament. The match was also the ninth all-European World Cup final, which most recently occurred in 2006 and 2010. The match was the third World Cup final for France, first appearing in the 1998 final as hosts, winning 3–0 against reigning champions Brazil. France also", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "3805193", "text": "along with Canada Soccer Association and the United States Soccer Federation announced its joint bid to host the World Cup later awarded on June 13, 2018 with 134 votes beating out Morocco's bid by the Royal Moroccan Football Federation with 65 votes. Mexico will host 10 matches along with Canada in 3 cities while United States will host 60 matches in 10 cities including the final. The shortlist of cities will be chosen by June 2020. Mexican Football Federation The Mexican Football Federation (Femexfut or FMF, ) is the governing body of association football in Mexico. It administers the Mexico", "title": "Mexican Football Federation" }, { "id": "20441604", "text": "RDS. In the United States, Fox received between US$399,000 and $750,000 for a 30-second advertisement spot during the World Cup final; whereas in France, TF1 got up to $300,000 for a 30-second ad-spot. 2018 FIFA World Cup Final The 2018 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 15 July 2018 to determine the winners of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It was the final of the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The match was contested by France and Croatia, and held", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "id": "17724710", "text": "qualify for the final tournament. In addition to Peru who qualifies automatically as hosts, 23 other teams qualify from six separate continental competitions. The slot allocation was approved by the FIFA Council on 10 June 2018. Lima, Piura, Tacna and Trujillo were appointed by the Peruvian Football Federation to host the tournament. Other two venues or more will be chosen soon, Chiclayo, Ica, Tarapoto, Moquegua and Chimbote are likely to be considered venues as well. The emblem, slogan and mascot will be unveiled in Spring 2019. The official song will be released in May 2019. The official match ball will", "title": "2019 FIFA U-17 World Cup" }, { "id": "6971615", "text": "SKA SKVO Stadium Stadion SKA SKVO (Russian: Стадион СКА-СКВО) is a multi-purpose stadium in Rostov-na-Donu, Russia. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground for FC SKA Rostov-on-Don. The stadium is currently being refurbished and holds 11,000 people; when the reconstruction is complete capacity will be 25,000. the International Federation of Football Associations (FIFA) has approved thatSKA SKVO is in a list of 36 training grounds for the 2018 FIFA World Cup . The construction of the sports complex was started in the mid-sixties on the initiative of the Commander of the Troops of the", "title": "SKA SKVO Stadium" }, { "id": "15301260", "text": "Kaliningrad Stadium Kaliningrad Stadium (, \"Stadion Kaliningrad\"), also called Arena Baltika, is a football stadium on Oktyabrsky Island, Kaliningrad, Russia, which hosted four games of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It will also host FC Baltika Kaliningrad of the Russian Football National League, replacing Baltika Stadium. This is a two-tier stadium, equipped with ultramodern security systems and CCTV. Its project is based on the concept of the Allianz Arena, which hosted matches of the 2006 World Cup in Germany. The project cost is planned around 11 billion rubles but ended up costing much more than that. The first match was", "title": "Kaliningrad Stadium" }, { "id": "760427", "text": "and tourist situation in the city. On 13–16 July 2010, a meeting between Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and German Chancellor Angela Merkel took place in the city. In 2018, Yekaterinburg hosted four matches of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Yekaterinburg is situated on the border of Europe and Asia, east of Moscow and west of Irkutsk. A misconception many people believe about Yekaterinburg is that it is located in Siberia, which it is not. The city has a total area of . Yekaterinburg is on the eastern side of the Ural Mountains, also known as the Urals. The city is", "title": "Yekaterinburg" }, { "id": "446669", "text": "of the FIFA World Cup in 2018. A new modern stadium, Volgograd Arena, was built for this occasion on the bank of the Volga River to serve as the venue. The stadium has a seating capacity for 45,000 people, including a press box, a VIP box and seats for people with limited mobility. Volgograd is twinned with: Volgograd Volgograd (), formerly Tsaritsyn (), 1589–1925, and Stalingrad (), 1925–1961, is an important industrial city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. It lies on the western bank of the Volga River. The Battle of Stalingrad in World War II was", "title": "Volgograd" }, { "id": "13618229", "text": "the list was further trimmed down to 32 stadiums in 27 cities. On January 12, 2010 the USA Bid Committee narrowed the 27 cities down to 18 as the official host cities for the United States' Bid for the 2018 or 2022 World Cup. Those 18 cities were: Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Miami, Nashville, New York City, Philadelphia, Phoenix, San Diego, Seattle, Tampa and Washington, D.C. The 18 stadiums selected host NFL or NCAA American football games, with a capacity over 65,000 spectators. No soccer-specific stadium was selected, since none in the country", "title": "United States 2022 FIFA World Cup bid" } ]	where is going to be the world cup 2018
[ "Anthony Hope" ]	[ { "id": "4993301", "text": "Hope and the mysterious Sweeney Todd, whom Anthony has recently rescued at sea and befriended, dock in London. A beggar woman sexually solicits them, appearing to recognize Todd for a moment (\"No Place Like London\"), and Todd shoos her away. Todd relates some of his troubled past to Anthony: he was a naive barber, banished by a crooked judge who lusted after Todd's wife (\"The Barber and His Wife\"). Leaving Anthony, Todd enters a meat pie shop on Fleet Street, where the owner, the slatternly widow, Mrs. Lovett, laments the scarcity of meat and customers (\"Worst Pies in London\"). When", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "401041", "text": "Napoleonic Wars as a barber surgeon. In rhyming slang, Sweeney Todd is the Flying Squad (a branch of the UK's Metropolitan Police), which inspired the television series \"The Sweeney\". Sweeney Todd Sweeney Todd is a fictional character who first appeared as the villain of the Victorian penny dreadful serial \"The String of Pearls\" (1846–47). The tale became a staple of Victorian melodrama and London urban legend, and has been retold many times since, most notably in the Tony award–winning by Stephen Sondheim and Hugh Wheeler. Claims that Sweeney Todd was a historical person are strongly disputed by scholars, although possible", "title": "Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "8032145", "text": "for Best Art Direction. Carter was herself nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy, and Depp received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. Although it was not an outstanding financial success in North America, it performed well worldwide, and produced a soundtrack album and DVD releases. In 1846, Benjamin Barker, a barber, arrives in London, accompanied by sailor Anthony Hope. Fifteen years earlier, he was falsely convicted and exiled by the corrupt Judge Turpin, who lusted after Barker's wife Lucy. Barker adopts the alias \"Sweeney Todd\" and returns to", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "8032146", "text": "his old Fleet Street shop, situated above Mrs. Nellie Lovett's meat pie shop, where she sells the \"worst pies in London\". Lovett tells him that Turpin raped Lucy, who then poisoned herself with arsenic. The couple's daughter, Johanna, is now Turpin's ward. Todd vows revenge, and re-opens his barber shop after Mrs. Lovett, who loves him unrequitedly, presents him with his old straight razors. Anthony becomes enamored with Johanna, but is caught by Turpin and driven away by his henchman, Beadle Bamford. Todd denounces faux-Italian barber Adolfo Pirelli's hair tonic as a fraud and humiliates him in a public shaving", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "4993302", "text": "Todd asks after her empty upstairs apartment, she reveals that its former tenant, Benjamin Barker, was transported on false charges by Judge Turpin, who, along with his servant, Beadle Bamford, then lured Barker's wife Lucy to the Judge's home and raped her (\"Poor Thing\"). Todd's reaction reveals that he is himself Benjamin Barker. Promising to keep his secret, Lovett explains that Lucy poisoned herself and that their then-infant daughter, Johanna, became a ward of the Judge. Todd swears revenge on the Judge and Beadle, and Mrs. Lovett presents Todd with his old collection of sterling silver straight razors, which persuades", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "4993311", "text": "Fogg, the asylum owner; Johanna grabs Anthony's pistol and murders him herself. The asylum's freed inmates pour out into the streets, prophesying the end of the world, while Todd and Mrs. Lovett hunt for Toby and the Beggar Woman fears what has become of the Beadle (\"City on Fire/Searching\"). Anthony and Johanna (now disguised as a sailor) arrive to find Todd's shop empty. Anthony leaves to seek a coach after he and Johanna reaffirm their love (\"Ah Miss – Reprise\"). Left alone, Johanna hears the Beggar Woman enter and hides in the barbershop. The Beggar Woman seems to recognize the", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "11395770", "text": "The Tale of Sweeney Todd The Tale of Sweeney Todd is a 1998 American crime-drama/horror television film directed by John Schlesinger and starring Ben Kingsley and Joanna Lumley. The teleplay by Peter Buckman was adapted from a story by Peter Shaw. It was broadcast in the United States by Showtime on April 19, 1998 and released on videotape in France the following month. It later was released as a feature film in select foreign markets. Set in 19th Century London, the story focuses on Sweeney Todd (Ben Kingsley), a murderous barber whose business provides him with two profitable sidelines, the", "title": "The Tale of Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "401033", "text": "bodies by baking their flesh into meat pies and selling them to the unsuspecting customers of her pie shop. Todd's barber shop is situated at 152 Fleet Street, London, next to St. Dunstan's church, and is connected to Mrs. Lovett's pie shop in nearby Bell Yard by means of an underground passage. In most versions of the story, he and Mrs. Lovett hire an unwitting orphan boy, Tobias Ragg, to serve the pies to customers. Sweeney Todd first appeared in a story titled \"The String of Pearls: A Romance\". This penny dreadful was published in 18 weekly parts, in Edward", "title": "Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "12261839", "text": "south coast of England to anchor at Southampton Water. She waited there for a rendezvous on July 22 with the \"Speedwell\", which was coming from Holland with English separatist Puritans, members of the Leiden congregation who had been living in Holland to escape religious persecution in England. Both ships set sail for America around August 5, but the \"Speedwell\" sprang a leak shortly after, and the two ships were brought into Dartmouth for repairs. They made a new start after the repairs, and they were more than 200 miles (320 km) beyond Land's End at the southwestern tip of England", "title": "Mayflower" }, { "id": "401031", "text": "Sweeney Todd Sweeney Todd is a fictional character who first appeared as the villain of the Victorian penny dreadful serial \"The String of Pearls\" (1846–47). The tale became a staple of Victorian melodrama and London urban legend, and has been retold many times since, most notably in the Tony award–winning by Stephen Sondheim and Hugh Wheeler. Claims that Sweeney Todd was a historical person are strongly disputed by scholars, although possible legendary prototypes exist. In the original version of the tale, Todd is a barber who dispatches his victims by pulling a lever as they sit in his barber chair.", "title": "Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "4993304", "text": "Elixir\"). Todd and Lovett soon arrive; Todd exposes the elixir as a sham, challenges Pirelli to a shaving competition, and easily wins (\"The Contest\"), inviting the impressed Beadle for a free shave (\"The Ballad of Sweeney Todd – Reprise 2\"). Several days later, Judge Turpin flagellates himself in a frenzy over a growing lust for Johanna, but instead resolves to marry her himself. (\"Johanna – Mea Culpa\"). Todd awaits the Beadle's arrival with mounting impatience, but Mrs. Lovett tries to soothe him (\"Wait\"). When Anthony tells Todd of his plan to ask Johanna to elope with him, Todd, eager to", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "4993310", "text": "shop's chimney. Mrs. Lovett stalls the Beadle with \"Parlor Songs\" until Todd returns to offer the Beadle his promised \"free shave\"; Mrs. Lovett loudly plays her harmonium to cover the Beadle's screams above, as Todd dispatches him. In the basement, Toby discovers human remains in a pie, just as the Beadle's fresh corpse comes tumbling through the chute. Maddened, he descends into the sewers of London. Mrs. Lovett then informs Todd that Toby has found out about their secret, and Todd decides to kill Toby. Anthony arrives at the asylum to rescue Johanna, but cannot bring himself to shoot Jonas", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "3015329", "text": "sets out with a company of knights on an adventure to find his parents. Tom's ship lands on an island called Fairy Land, inhabited entirely by women. Tom sleeps with the queen, Celia, but is compelled to return to his quest. He sets out, vowing to return. Back on the ship, Lancelot tells the tale of the great love between a young girl and prince Valentine of Greece. At length the ship comes to Prester John's kingdom, where Tom defends the king against a dragon before making off with his daughter Anglitora, who subsequently gives birth to the Black Knight.", "title": "Tom a Lincoln" }, { "id": "11395773", "text": "that spurs him to confront Mrs. Lovett, who tries to kill him but is knocked out and left to hang on a meat rack. Shortly after, she is arrested. Carlyle then makes over to the barber shop to confront Todd, who overpowers and binds him. As he prepares his instruments to torture Carlyle to death, he explains what led him to a life of murder and cannibalism. Charlie, who has managed to free himself from his shackles, stabs Todd in the back, killing him. He then frees Carlyle, who sets the building on fire before escaping with the boy. The", "title": "The Tale of Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "4993314", "text": "her insane. Lovett confesses she loves Todd. Todd then feigns forgiveness, dancing manically with Lovett until pushing her into the raging fires of the oven, burning her alive. Full of despair, Todd embraces the dead Lucy. Toby, now quite mad and white-haired from shock, crawls up from the sewer babbling nursery rhymes to himself. He picks up Todd's fallen razor, and slits Todd's throat. As Anthony, Johanna and some constables break into the bakehouse, Todd falls dead and Toby drops the razor, heedless of the others, while absentmindedly turning the meat grinder (\"Final Scene\"). The citizens, soon joined by the", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "4993305", "text": "reunite with his daughter, agrees to let them use his barbershop as a safehouse. As Anthony leaves, Pirelli and Tobias enter, and Mrs. Lovett takes Toby downstairs for a pie. Alone with Todd, Pirelli drops his Italian accent and persona and reveals that he is Daniel O'Higgins, Benjamin Barker's former assistant, and knows Todd's true identity. When O'Higgins attempts to blackmail his former employer, however, Todd injures and hides him, later slitting his throat (\"Pirelli's Death\" and \"The Ballad of Sweeney Todd – Reprise 3\"). Meanwhile, Johanna and Anthony plan their elopement (\"Kiss Me\"), while the Beadle recommends Todd's services", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "8800399", "text": "the unsuspecting victim head-first into the basement. Mrs. Lovatt then disposes of the bodies for a share of the stolen money. She is, however, increasingly annoyed with Todd for robbing the bodies preemptively and taking more than his share of the money. The Golden Hope returns to London, with Mark a newly wealthy man. Todd lures him into his barbershop. Mark foolishly talks about his love for Johanna and shows off his new riches. Todd sends Mark down the chute but Mrs. Lovatt quickly hides him in a cupboard. When Todd comes down, he is surprised to see that the", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "4993300", "text": "former general manager of the Metropolitan Opera, demanding to know why he had not put it on at the Met. To which Chapin replied: \"I would have put it on like a shot if I'd had the opportunity. There would have been screams and yells but I wouldn't have given a damn. Because it is an opera. A modern American opera.\" The citizens of London, who act as a Greek chorus throughout the play, drop a body bag into a shallow grave. Sweeney Todd rises forth (\"The Ballad of Sweeney Todd\"), and introduces the drama. In 1846, young sailor Anthony", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "11395771", "text": "sale of his victims' jewelry and the disposal of their bodies to his mistress Mrs. Lovett (Joanna Lumley), who uses them to prepare meat pies for her unsuspecting clientele. American Ben Carlyle (Campbell Scott) arrives in the city to track down wealthy diamond merchant Alfred Mannheim and $50,000 worth of diamonds he had sold to Carlyle's employers but failed to deliver. Mannheim's staff advises Carlyle their boss disappeared without a trace weeks earlier, and he posts notices offering a reward for information leading to his discovery. Charlie (Sean Flanagan), a mute orphan who works as an assistant to Todd, recognizes", "title": "The Tale of Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "4717876", "text": "as \"childish nonsense\", which leads to an argument with her mother and brother one night (after Wendy is informed and tells Jane that she and Danny, along with the other children in London, are being evacuated to the countryside for safekeeping due to the German bombing of the city). Later while sleeping, she is mistakenly abducted by Captain Hook and his crew, who sail through the sky on their pixie-dust enchanted ship, evade an air raid alert and escape back to Neverland. There, Hook plans to feed Jane to the octopus (who replaced Tick-Tock the Crocodile) in order to lure", "title": "Return to Never Land" }, { "id": "11395772", "text": "Mannheim as a man the barber shaved just prior to his disappearance. Realizing his dastardly deeds are in danger of being revealed, Todd imprisons the boy in his basement. Meanwhile, Carlyle is seeking the assistance of the corrupt local police and an amiable serving wench named Alice, who happens to be Todd's ward, with his quest. When his suspicions about the ingredients of Mrs. Lovett's pies are all but confirmed by a chemist, he hides himself in a burlap sack and has himself deposited in her pie shop cellar with a delivery of meat. There he makes a gruesome discovery", "title": "The Tale of Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "8800402", "text": "They hurry to save her. As the barbershop burns down and a crowd gathers around, Todd watches from a nearby alleyway. When Mark go inside to save Johanna, Todd follows and attempts to slash his throat. Mark manages to knock Todd unconscious and gets out with Johanna. On the street Johanna and Mark kiss. Beside them lies Todd's bag of riches in the alleyway. Todd regains consciousness. As he attempts to escape, his special chair flips him into the fiery cellar. Returning to 1936, the barber's terrified patron runs out of the shop while still wearing his a full face", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "13919790", "text": "Wendy are taken back to London once they are discovered as stowaways aboard the steam ship. Arriving at the Island, McPherson, O'Neal, Kelly, and DeWulf make a smoke signal with vegetation and a lava pit in order to signal their own ship, the \"Nimbus\", to come to the Island. Upon arriving in London, Wendy, Peter and Tinker Bell escape the police with the help of some rats (whom Tinker bell can speak to), and from there travel to Lord Asters' house where, after avoiding bobbies watching the house, meet up with John, Michael, Neville, Mrs. Bumbrake, and Lord Aster. After", "title": "Peter and the Sword of Mercy" }, { "id": "6606033", "text": "to Professor Farnsworth after narrowly escaping another delivery with their lives, but reconsider when he announces that the Planet Express team will take a cruise on the maiden voyage of the largest space cruise ship ever built: the \"Titanic\". As they board they are stopped by Zapp Brannigan, the ship's honorary captain. Attempting to avoid Brannigan's advances, Leela claims she is engaged to Fry. Bender meets the robot Countess de la Roca. Brannigan deviates from the ship's course, opting to fly through a swarm of comets. Amy unexpectedly runs into her parents who attempt to set Amy up with a", "title": "A Flight to Remember" }, { "id": "14838045", "text": "one episode of the predecessor). Meanwhile, Mr. Moseby (Phill Lewis) tricks London into thinking that she is on vacation (which is not true), and a girl named Bailey Pickett sneaks into the bathrooms to disguise herself as a male, doing so since there are no more cabins left for women. London bribes her roommate Padma (Tiya Sircar) into leaving, so she can have the room to herself, and soon finds out she has to attend school. Cody ends up sharing a room with Woody Fink (Matthew Timmons), who is very messy, while Zack eventually is with Bailey (Debby Ryan) (currently", "title": "The Suite Life Sets Sail" }, { "id": "8800401", "text": "they leave the same way Mark originally escaped. Todd is angry to find another victim missing and accuses Mrs. Lovatt of letting him escape. She admits to having let Mark go before. Todd readies himself to go on the run. He puts together his collection of stolen goods and begins stacking up hay and wooden furniture in the basement. Johanna comes to his door, worried that Mark has been captured and harmed. Todd knocks her unconscious, puts her in a closet, sets the building on fire and then leaves. Nan informs Mark and Pearley that Johanna went to Todd's shop.", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "4993306", "text": "to the Judge, so that he can better win Johanna's affections (\"Ladies in Their Sensitivities\"). Panicked at first on learning of Pirelli's murder, Mrs. Lovett swipes his leftover coin purse and then asks Todd how he plans to dispose of the body. Suddenly, the judge enters; Todd quickly seats him and lulls him with a relaxing conversation (\"Pretty Women\"). Before Todd can kill the judge, however, Anthony re-enters and blurts his elopement plan to Todd, accidentally informing the judge, who storms out and vows never to return. Todd drives Anthony away in a fit of fury, resolving that he will", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "3249520", "text": "which results in him being severely emotionally unstable. Blair leaves town with the children, but Todd follows her to Hawaii, where his plans to kidnap the children with help from Ross Rayburn (Shawn Christian) are foiled by Téa. Todd and Téa make love when they get stranded together on an island with Ross. Todd escapes to return to Blair, and protects her when the Mafia comes after her because of her exposé on them in \"The Sun.\" As Todd and Blair are about to remarry, Sam discloses that Todd, in an effort to win Blair's affections, staged a hit on", "title": "Todd Manning" }, { "id": "4993317", "text": "during the Los Angeles engagement and broadcast on The Entertainment Channel (one of the predecessors of today's A&E) on September 12, 1982. This performance would later be repeated on Showtime and PBS (the latter as part of its \"Great Performances\" series); it was later released on home video through Turner Home Entertainment, and on DVD from Warner Home Video. A North American tour started on February 23, 1982, in Wilmington, Delaware, and ended on July 17, 1982, in Toronto, Ontario. June Havoc and Ross Petty starred. The first London production opened on July 2, 1980, at the West End's Theatre", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "8800396", "text": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film) Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street is a 1936 British drama horror film produced and directed by George King, and written by Frederick Hayward, H.F. Maltby, and George Dibdin-Pitt. The film features actor Tod Slaughter in one of his most famous roles as the barber Sweeney Todd. The film starts in 1936 as a barber tells a patron the story of the infamous Sweeney Todd. Sweeney Todd (Tod Slaughter) is a barber with a shop near the docks of London. One day, as the mercantile ship The Golden", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "18179484", "text": "clear whether they were for \"Duty\" or \"Loyalty\" or both. Commander Horatio Hornblower, captain of HMS \"Hotspur\", and Maria Mason are married. However, Admiral Pellew arrives and gives Hornblower his next mission: HMS \"Grasshopper\", commanded by old friend Captain Bracegirdle, has gone missing while on patrol off the coast of France. Hornblower is to find her. He gives Hornblower permission to sleep ashore with his wife on their honeymoon night. The next day, Hornblower sets sail. As a wedding gift, Pellew gives Hornblower his steward, James Doughty, who replaces Styles. On a stormy night, the \"Hotspur\" rescues the passengers of", "title": "Duty (film)" }, { "id": "8800400", "text": "body is gone. However, he isn't worried because he already took Mark's fortune and is sure that young man is poor once again and won't be allowed to marry Johanna. Mrs. Lovatt secretly helps Mark escape. Vowing to bring Todd to justice, a disguised Mark returns to the barbershop. He sends Tobias to tell Johanna where he is. Todd fails to recognized Mark and while he gets ready to shave his new customer, Pearley sneaks into Mrs. Lovatt's cellar. Todd pulls the lever, but Mark expects the chair to flip and holds on tight. Pearley helps him down safely and", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "8032149", "text": "seaside. Anthony discovers Johanna's whereabouts and, following Todd's suggestion, poses as a wigmaker's apprentice to rescue her. Todd has Toby deliver a letter to Turpin, telling him where Johanna will be brought when Anthony frees her. Toby has become wary of Todd and tells Mrs. Lovett of his suspicions, vowing to protect her. Bamford arrives at the pie shop, informing Mrs. Lovett that neighbors have been complaining of the stink from her chimney. Todd distracts him with an offer of a free grooming and murders him. Mrs. Lovett informs Todd of Toby's suspicions, and the pair search for the boy,", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "4993313", "text": "finally rises, horrified, from her hiding place, surprising Todd. Todd next decides to kill her too, before Mrs. Lovett shrieks from the bakehouse below, providing a distraction for Johanna to escape. Downstairs, Mrs. Lovett is struggling with the dying Judge, who claws at her. She then attempts to drag the Beggar Woman's body into the oven, but Todd arrives and sees the lifeless face clearly for the first time: the Beggar Woman is his wife Lucy. Todd is shocked, accusing Lovett of lying to him. Lovett frantically explains that indeed, Lucy did poison herself–but she lived, though the attempt left", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "8032147", "text": "contest judged by Bamford. A few days later, Pirelli arrives at Todd's shop, with his boy assistant Tobias Ragg. Pirelli identifies himself as Todd's former assistant, Davy Collins, and threatens to reveal Todd's secret unless Todd gives him half his earnings. Todd kills Collins, and hides his body in a trunk. After receiving advice from Bamford, Turpin visits Todd for grooming, intent on marrying Johanna. Todd shaves Turpin, preparing to slit his throat; they are interrupted by Anthony, who reveals his plan to elope with Johanna before noticing Turpin. An angered Turpin renounces Todd's service and leaves. Todd swears revenge", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "1712757", "text": "bought provisions and obtained passage on two ships: the \"Mayflower\" and the \"Speedwell\". They had intended to leave early in 1620, but they were delayed several months due to difficulties in dealing with the Merchant Adventurers, including several changes in plans for the voyage and in financing. The congregation and the other colonists finally boarded the \"Speedwell\" in July 1620 in the Dutch port of Delfshaven. \"Speedwell\" was re-rigged with larger masts before leaving Holland and setting out to meet \"Mayflower\" in Southampton, England, around the end of July 1620. The Mayflower was purchased in London. The original captains were", "title": "Plymouth Colony" }, { "id": "8032152", "text": "and dances with her before hurling her into the bakehouse oven, then cradles Lucy's dead body in his arms. Toby appears, enraged at Mrs. Lovett's death, and Todd allows Toby to slit his throat with his own razor. Toby leaves as Todd bleeds to death over his dead wife. Tim Burton first saw Stephen Sondheim's 1979 stage musical, \"\", as a CalArts student in London in 1980. Burton recalled his experience of seeing the show, saying, \"I was still a student, I didn't know if I would be making movies or working in a restaurant, I had no idea what", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "9161365", "text": "at a country house, he falls in love with his captor's niece, Jennifer. One of his troopers, Will Fairweather, followed him to the house where he was held captive; with the help of Jennifer, Will brings him to Oberon and Titania, who offer magical aid. Rupert and Jennifer exchange magic rings that will aid them as long as they are true to each other. Rupert sets out with Will to find the books that Prospero sank, in order to aid King Charles. Rupert, fleeing Roundheads, finds refuge in a magical inn, \"The Old Phoenix\", which proves to be a nexus", "title": "A Midsummer Tempest" }, { "id": "20348589", "text": "kiss. Henry and Ella make their way back to Hook and Regina without Alice, who has chosen to stay away for the time being. Alice had given Ella the knight chess piece to give to Hook, as she no longer needed a reminder that they'd be together once again. Later, a man wanders into their camp and is revealed to be Jack, a friend of Henry's whom he had met during his early years of traveling the realms. Henry introduces him to Ella. In the present day, Jacinda is trying to regain custody of Lucy after Victoria was taken to", "title": "Pretty in Blue" }, { "id": "8800397", "text": "Hope readies to leave, Todd watches Johanna Oakley (Eve Lister) and Mark Ingerstreet (Bruce Seton). They are in love, but Mark is shipping out and laments he's a poor man unable to win the approval of Johanna's father, Governor Oakley (D. J. Williams). Nearby, Johanna's servant Nan (Davina Craig) asks Mark's fellow sailor Pearley (Jerry Verno) to buy her various luxury goods while he's away. Pearley points out he hasn't the money to buy them. Simultaneously, Todd watches all his potential customers and thinks of the money he can make. Back at the barbershop, Todd has been sent a new", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "4993303", "text": "Todd to take up his old profession (\"My Friends\" and \"The Ballad of Sweeney Todd – Reprise\"). Elsewhere, Anthony spies a beautiful girl singing at her window (\"Green Finch and Linnet Bird\"), and the beggar woman tells him that her name is Johanna. Unaware that Johanna is his friend Todd's daughter, Anthony is immediately enamored (\"Ah, Miss\") and he pledges to return for her, even after the judge and Beadle chase him away (\"Johanna\"). In the crowded London marketplace, flamboyant Italian barber Adolfo Pirelli and his simple-minded young assistant Tobias Ragg, pitch a dramatic cure-all for hair loss (\"Pirelli's Miracle", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "6186520", "text": "then fighting with Jason. In the aftermath, Todd moves to London and tells Sarah he hopes she finds someone who loved her as much as he did. Todd returns three years later for Jason's stag party ahead of his wedding to Sarah. He tells Eileen he is in an open relationship with a man named Ben and has obtained his law degree and is doing temporary work. Jason informs Todd that Sarah's younger brother David Platt (Jack P. Shepherd) sent Todd's invitation after forging Jason's handwriting. Todd is hurt as he thinks he has finally been accepted by Jason again,", "title": "Todd Grimshaw" }, { "id": "4993309", "text": "to notify the Judge of Anthony's plot, hoping to lure the Judge back to his shop (\"The Letter\"). In the pie shop, Toby tells Mrs. Lovett of his skepticism about Todd and his own desire to protect her (\"Not While I'm Around\"). When he recognizes Pirelli's coin purse in Mrs. Lovett's hands, she distracts him by showing him the bakehouse, instructing him how to work the meat grinder and the oven, before locking him in. Upstairs, she encounters the Beadle at her harmonium. He has been asked by Lovett's neighbors to investigate the strange smoke and stench from the pie", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "16455465", "text": "Bell Sownd\", and needed them to take on some of the surplus oil. On the way there, Pellham and seven other men were sent ashore to obtain venison. On finding their ship absent from their rendezvous at \"Green-harbour\" (Grønfjorden), they made their way to Bellsund, where they spent the winter huddled in one of the huts of the Company's stations there. They were discovered there on 25 May 1631 (OS) by two ships of Hull; by 28 May (OS) the London fleet had arrived. Pellham describes his encounter with Goodlad as follows: In 1634 Goodlad dealt not only with English", "title": "William Goodlad" }, { "id": "401038", "text": "\"Lacy's Acting Edition of Plays\". A scholarly, annotated edition of the original 1846–47 serial was published in volume form in 2007 by the Oxford University Press under the title of \"Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street\", edited by Robert Mack. The original story of Sweeney Todd quite possibly stems from an older urban legend, originally based on dubious pie-fillings. In Charles Dickens' \"Pickwick Papers\" (1836–37), the servant Sam Weller says that a pieman used cats \"for beefsteak, veal and kidney, 'cording to the demand\", and recommends that people should buy pies only \"when you know the lady as", "title": "Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "2521815", "text": "The Sweeney The Sweeney is a 1970s British television police drama focusing on two members of the Flying Squad, a branch of the Metropolitan Police specialising in tackling armed robbery and violent crime in London. It was made by Thames Television for broadcast on the ITV network. The programme's title derives from 'Sweeney Todd', which is Cockney rhyming slang for \"Flying Squad\". It starred John Thaw as Detective Inspector Jack Regan and Dennis Waterman as his partner, Detective Sergeant George Carter. Such was its popularity in the UK that it spawned two feature film spin-offs, \"Sweeney!\" and \"Sweeney 2\". The", "title": "The Sweeney" }, { "id": "18637831", "text": "to his advantage. Elsewhere, Ellaria Sand meets with Oberyn's three bastard daughters: Obara, Nymeria, and Ellaria's daughter Tyene, collectively known as the Sand Snakes. Through a captured ship captain, they have learned that Jaime has come to Dorne, and Ellaria deduces that he intends to take Myrcella back to King's Landing. She asks them to join her in starting a war with the Lannisters, and they agree. At night, Jorah Mormont attacks a fisherman and steals his boat. He takes the captive Tyrion and sets sail. In the morning, Tyrion deduces Jorah's identity, and learns that he is being taken", "title": "Sons of the Harpy" }, { "id": "4953773", "text": "Soon after, a ship arrives at the island, carrying unruly sailors, a proud captain, and his beautiful but spoiled daughter, Sylvia Hilliard. The party is welcomed by the young couple, and they ask to be taken back to civilization, after many years in isolation. Sylvia tries to steal Richard from Lilli and seduce him, but as tempted as he is by her strange ways, he realizes that Lilli is his heart and soul, upsetting Sylvia. Richard angrily leaves Sylvia behind in the middle of the fish pond, in plain view of the landing party. Meanwhile, Quinlan, a sailor, ogles Lilli", "title": "Return to the Blue Lagoon" }, { "id": "20405733", "text": "tour in England with Pocahontas and Thomas. A dozen or so Powhatan, along with Mattachana accompanied them. They set sail in the spring of 1616. Here, according to the Mattaponi, Pocahontas was shown off to hide the failing colony in Virginia and gather support from the English crown to send more settlers to the New World. Pocahontas eventually realized this when she discovered that Smith was still alive and well in England. She confronted him in a rage because of his deception to her and her people. Arrangements were made to return to Virginia on a ship captained by Argall.", "title": "The True Story of Pocahontas" }, { "id": "19809349", "text": "(a watered down Sir R who actually likes Bertie). Trying to sort things out, Bertie manages to make Blair Eggleston break off his engagement with Honoria who now wants to marry Bertie and get a theatrical Agent with a very muscular friend after him. Meanwhile Bingo marries the waitress, who turns out to be the real Rosie M. Banks, so she and Lord Bittlesham are also after Bertie who decides the best thing is to take the next ship to London. But so do all the others and, confronted by all of them on board, he and Jeeves jump ship.", "title": "Honoria Glossop Turns Up" }, { "id": "11395774", "text": "character of Sweeney Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street, originated in an 1846–47 penny dreadful entitled \"The String of Pearls\". In 1847, George Dibdin Pitt adapted the story for a stage melodrama. A directed by George King was the first screen version. Christopher Bond's 1973 stage adaptation was musicalized by Stephen Sondheim in 1979. Schlesinger's film is a dramatic departure from the previous narratives. It dispenses with all the characters except Todd and Lovett, adds the plotline involving the missing diamonds, and offers a completely different reason for Todd's murder spree. The Victorian era locales were filmed in Dublin,", "title": "The Tale of Sweeney Todd" }, { "id": "2276453", "text": "for a short time, and met many other South Americans at a lodge held at the house of Venezuelan general Francisco de Miranda at 27 Grafton Street (now 58 Grafton Way), Bloomsbury, London (the house now has a blue plaque with Miranda's name). Then he sailed to Buenos Aires aboard the frigate \"George Canning\", along with the South Americans Alvear, Francisco José de Vera and Matías Zapiola, and the Spaniards Francisco Chilavert and Eduardo Kailitz. They arrived on 9 March 1812, to serve under the First Triumvirate. A few days after his arrival in Buenos Aires in the United Provinces", "title": "José de San Martín" }, { "id": "11703135", "text": "her mother. In \"The String of Pearls\" Johanna Oakley is the lover of a sailor named Mark Ingestrie, who seems to have gone missing at sea. One of his shipmates, Lieutenant Thornhill, comes to London with this sad news and also brings a gift of a string of pearls for Johanna from Mark. Thornhill, himself, however, also goes missing - last seen entering Sweeney Todd's establishment. One of Thornhill's seafaring friends, Colonel Jeffery, is alerted to the disappearance of Thornhill by the latter's faithful dog, Hector, and investigates his whereabouts. He is joined by Johanna who wants to know what", "title": "Johanna (character)" }, { "id": "4993308", "text": "into the pie shop's basement bakehouse. Casually slitting his customers' necks, Todd despairs of ever seeing Johanna, while Anthony discovers that Johanna is missing (\"Johanna–Quartet\"), locked away in a madhouse by the Judge. After a day of hard work, Mrs. Lovett envisions a seaside retirement (\"By the Sea\"), but Todd remains fixated on his revenge. Anthony arrives to beg Todd for help to free Johanna, and Todd, revitalized, devises a plan to rescue her by having Anthony pose as a wigmaker intent on purchasing inmates' hair (\"Wigmaker Sequence\" and \"The Ballad... – Reprise 4\"). Todd later sends a secret letter", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "15662788", "text": "a few kisses from his fiance. She later has a talk with Higgins, just like the one on the \"Nancy B.\", but this time she agrees with Higgins, admitting that getting married and having children could wait until she was older and more successful. Higgins smiles quietly, and it is obvious he knew she would say this. A few days after the ships separate, the \"Dart\" (the \"Cerberus\" 's companion ship) returns from its different duty to find and sail with it back to England. The Captain climbs aboard the \"Lorelei\" and Jacky sees that it is Joseph Jared, one", "title": "The Wake of the Lorelei Lee" }, { "id": "6186521", "text": "and is mortified about being tricked into returning. Before he can depart, Todd and Sarah cross paths when she arrives at the house and they argue. However, Jason convinces Sarah that Todd should stay otherwise David will have won. After Sarah throws a tantrum following Jason and Todd's drunkenness at the stag party, Todd confronts her and tells her to stop being selfish. They argue but work things out and promise to lay the past to rest. Todd attends the wedding and returns to London soon after. Todd later visits the street with his new boyfriend Jools and introduces him", "title": "Todd Grimshaw" }, { "id": "14305142", "text": "announced that they won the battle. Tommen is present at Joffrey and Margaery's wedding. He also attended Joffrey's funeral during which Tywin proceeds to tell Tommen about the duties of a king's marriage, ignoring Cersei's angry glares. Margaery later visits Tommen one night where he reveals his pet cat Ser Pounce, and the fact that he and Joffrey didn't get along. This causes him and Margaery to bond over their mutual relief that they are free of him. Tommen agrees that he'd like Margaery to visit him again. Margaery departs, but not before giving him a kiss on the forehead.", "title": "Tommen Baratheon" }, { "id": "12229168", "text": "bring Starr and Jack safely back to Llanview. Todd and Téa, meanwhile, are shipwrecked on a deserted island due to Todd's plan to kidnap his children having gone awry. They are not alone. Ross Rayburn, a man Todd had hired to help him with the kidnapping, is also stuck on the island with them, resulting in a love triangle as he and Todd vy for Téa's affections. Todd spies Téa kissing Ross and decides to leave the island alone. As he prepares for his voyage, Téa shows up and tells Todd she is in love with him and \"it\" has", "title": "Téa Delgado" }, { "id": "8032157", "text": "relationship between Todd, Mrs. Lovett, and Toby. DreamWorks announced Burton's appointment in August 2006, and Johnny Depp was cast as Todd. Christopher Lee, Peter Bowles, Anthony Head, and five other actors were set to play the ghost narrators, but their roles were cut (Head does appear in an uncredited cameo as a gentleman who congratulates Depp after the shaving contest). According to Lee, these deletions were due to time constraints caused by a break in filming during March 2007, while Depp's daughter recovered from an illness. Burton's domestic partner Helena Bonham Carter was cast in October 2006, as well as", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "612812", "text": "of a space slug, they finally share a kiss. With his ship needing repairs, Han seeks out his old friend Lando Calrissian in Cloud City, the floating city over Bespin. Though he welcomes them graciously, Lando soon turns them over to a newly arrived Darth Vader, who hopes to use them as bait to capture Luke. Leia confesses her love for Han as he is frozen in carbonite and then handed over to bounty hunter Boba Fett, who is charged with bringing him to the crime lord Jabba the Hutt. Lando helps Leia, Chewbacca and the two droids escape. Leia", "title": "Princess Leia" }, { "id": "6186497", "text": "told Frances Traynor from the \"Daily Record\" that acting out their break-up was not strange. Todd then resumes his previous relationship with Candice. But Todd soon returns to Sarah. She decides to sleep with Todd on her sixteenth birthday. The storyline was controversial and nine viewers contacted the Independent Television Commission. The organisation investigated the scenes and cleared \"Coronation Street\" of breaching guidelines. They praised them for building a relationship between the two characters and viewed it as a mature decision. Prior to this, Langley's friends would tease him because Todd was a virgin. O'Brien told Steve Hendry from the", "title": "Todd Grimshaw" }, { "id": "366943", "text": "increasing tensions between them and their men, with Philip Augustus plotting with Tancred against Richard. The two kings finally met to clear the air and reached an agreement, including the end of Richard's betrothal to Philip's sister Alys (who had supposedly been the mistress of Richard's father Henry II). In April 1191 Richard left Messina for Acre, but a storm dispersed his large fleet. After some searching, it was discovered that the ship carrying his sister Joan and his new fiancée Berengaria was anchored on the south coast of Cyprus, along with the wrecks of several other vessels, including the", "title": "Richard I of England" }, { "id": "12261836", "text": "ship was twice on the Thames at London in 1613, once in July and again in October and November, and in 1616 she was on the Thames carrying a cargo of wine, which suggests that the ship had recently been on a voyage to France, Spain, Portugal, the Canaries, or some other wine-producing land. Jones sailed the \"Mayflower\" cross-Channel, taking English woolens to France and bringing French wine back to London. He also transported hats, hemp, Spanish salt, hops, and vinegar to Norway, and he may have taken the \"Mayflower\" whaling in the North Atlantic in the Greenland area or", "title": "Mayflower" }, { "id": "3660781", "text": "Inquisition, and sentenced to life imprisonment as galley slaves. In England, Don Álvarez informs the Queen of Thorpe's fate, causing his niece to faint. The Queen and Don Álvarez exchange heated words, and she expels him from her court. On a Spanish galley, Thorpe meets an Englishman named Abbott, who was captured trying to uncover evidence of the Armada's true purpose. Through cunning, the prisoners take over the ship during the night. They board another ship in the harbor, where an emissary has stored secret incriminating plans. Thorpe and his men capture both and sail back to England with the", "title": "The Sea Hawk (1940 film)" }, { "id": "1554925", "text": "brief episode in which respective letters of introduction are exchanged between Mason and Dixon. Episode 3 In the naval town of Portsmouth, England in 1761, Mason & Dixon meet for the first time. After brief discussions of their respective background, the two retire to an ale house for libations before their departure on the frigate Seahorse to observe the Transit of Venus from Sumatra as ordered by the Royal Society. Over the course of the evening they encounter for the first time the Learned English Dog and Fender-Belly Bodine, a soon-to-be-shipmate on board the Seahorse. Talk is made over the", "title": "Mason & Dixon" }, { "id": "4993352", "text": "\"Sweeney Todd\", jointly produced by DreamWorks and Warner Bros., was released on December 21, 2007. Tim Burton directed from a screenplay by John Logan. It stars Johnny Depp as Todd (Depp received an Oscar nomination and a Golden Globe Award for his performance), Helena Bonham Carter as Mrs. Lovett, Alan Rickman as Judge Turpin, Sacha Baron Cohen as Signor Pirelli, Jamie Campbell Bower as Anthony Hope, Laura Michelle Kelly as The Beggar Woman, Jayne Wisener as Johanna, Ed Sanders as Toby, and Timothy Spall as Beadle Bamford. The film was well-received by critics and theatregoers and also won the Golden", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "7232590", "text": "the storm. Homer and Marge get together, and the members of the Mayflower meet the Wampanoag tribe and join them for the first Thanksgiving feast. The Bounty sets sail from England in 1789, commanded by Captain Bligh (Seymour Skinner). During the first 718 days of the voyage, Bligh severely mistreats his crew, not giving them water and discarding their mail. Willie warns him of a mutiny if he continues, but Bligh ignores him. They arrive in Tahiti, where Homer and Marge are the rulers of island, and the crew have a wonderful time until it is time to leave. Bligh", "title": "The Wettest Stories Ever Told" }, { "id": "6797118", "text": "secretly take the family away to Hawaii to get away from Todd. But the bodyguards are working for Todd and he follows them to Hawaii and plans to kidnap the kids. However, he runs into former love Téa Delgado there. Téa warns Blair about Todd's plans, and she is able to bring Starr and Jack safely back to Llanview. Once there, Blair decides to repay Sam for his help by getting his \"true love\", Nora, back for him by seducing Troy MacIver and making Nora break up with Troy. Blair's plan fails and Troy and Nora find out what she", "title": "Todd Manning and Blair Cramer" }, { "id": "8579622", "text": "begins with Pippi sailing around the world with her father, Captain Efraim Longstocking, her pet horse, Horse, her pet monkey, Mr. Nilsson, and various members of the ship's crew. One night during a hurricane, the captain is washed over board into the sea. As he drifts off, he calls to Pippi that he will \"meet her in Villa Villekulla\". To that effect, Pippi and her pet animals make their way home, Villa Villekulla, to await his return. Not long after arriving, she makes friends with the two children across the street — Tommy and Annika, who are captivated by her", "title": "Pippi Longstocking (1997 film)" }, { "id": "18874125", "text": "handsome young doctor and bachelor. Their romantic intentions go awry when Cornelia comes down with measles, and Tom agrees to use makeup to mask the spots, but she does not want to tell Avery about her infection. When the ship reaches England, Cornelia's parents, who had travelled on another cruise ship, meet the two girls. At a tour of Hampton Court Palace in London, Cornelia spots Avery and the two young people reunite, but after kissing her, Avery comes down with measles. Cornelia and Emily head off for Paris to sightsee on their own. After getting trapped on a balcony", "title": "Our Hearts Were Young and Gay (film)" }, { "id": "15513388", "text": "Social Services. Ben performs a \"wedding\" ceremony, which he admits is not legally binding before they leave. Sam and Suzy never make it onto the crabbing boat. Suzy's parents, Captain Sharp, Social Services, and the scouts of Fort Lebanon under the command of Scout Master Ward pursue them instead. A violent hurricane and flash flood strike, and Sharp apprehends Sam and Suzy on the steeple of the church in which they first met. Lightning destroys the steeple, but Sharp saves them. During the storm, Sharp decides to become Sam's legal guardian, allowing him to stay on New Penzance Island and", "title": "Moonrise Kingdom" }, { "id": "17553669", "text": "and is subsequently arrested. Cameron begins blackmailing Lisa, forcing her to convince Peri to visit him in prison, however Peri expresses her hatred towards her father before leaving. Overwhelmed she steals from Dirk's emporium. Months later Zack and Leela begin a relationship. One day when Peri comes back from school, Peri finds a bracelet from Zack addressed to Leela but Peri thinks it for her because it says \"sexy momma\". Tom confronts Zack obviously jealous he asks Peri to get back together with him but she rejects him. Peri is also caught up in the school explosion and Prince McQueen", "title": "Peri Lomax" }, { "id": "12915729", "text": "has to be someone to make it right again. He asks Zarek whether he is that man. Zarek replies that he is one of them, but that he needs a partner. Gaeta states that as of now, he has one, and shakes hands with Zarek. Sharon Agathon and other crew jump to the tylium ship's coordinates, and manage to bring it back. Admiral Adama receives notification of the tylium ship's return, accepting the call while being in his quarters, in bed with Laura Roslin. She shows some interest in the news, and he asks her if she now cares. She", "title": "A Disquiet Follows My Soul" }, { "id": "10474154", "text": "daughter Kari (who had accompanied them on their voyage) also meets him to tell him of suspicious German merchant ships at Bergen which her father suspects have troops on board. The pair say goodbye and Metcalfe, getting into what he thinks is a taxi, is kidnapped by the Germans and put on board a ship bound for the German port of Bremen. Meanwhile, Germany invades, Metcalfe is scooped on the news of the invasion, and – back in Britain – Chamberlain's government falls and Churchill becomes prime minister. A British warship intercepts the ship on which Metcalfe is held and", "title": "The Day Will Dawn" }, { "id": "8800403", "text": "of shaving cream. Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film) Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street is a 1936 British drama horror film produced and directed by George King, and written by Frederick Hayward, H.F. Maltby, and George Dibdin-Pitt. The film features actor Tod Slaughter in one of his most famous roles as the barber Sweeney Todd. The film starts in 1936 as a barber tells a patron the story of the infamous Sweeney Todd. Sweeney Todd (Tod Slaughter) is a barber with a shop near the docks of London. One day, as the mercantile", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "8032148", "text": "on the entire world, vowing to kill as many people as he can while he waits for another chance to kill Turpin. Mrs. Lovett gets the idea to bake Todd's victims into pies, and Todd rigs his barber chair to drop his victims' bodies through a trapdoor and into her bakehouse. Anthony searches for Johanna, whom Turpin has sent to an insane asylum upon discovering her plans to elope with Anthony. The barbering and pie-making businesses prosper, and Mrs. Lovett takes Toby as her assistant. She tells an uninterested Todd of her plans to marry him and move to the", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "8032151", "text": "recognizes Todd as Benjamin Barker, Todd stabs him several times, cuts his throat, and dumps him into the bakehouse. Johanna comes out of her hiding place, still in disguise, and Todd prepares to kill her as well, not recognizing her as his daughter. However, hearing Mrs. Lovett scream in horror in the basement when the dying Turpin grabs at her dress, Todd lets Johanna go. Todd discovers that the beggar woman was his wife Lucy, whom he believed to be dead, and that Mrs. Lovett deliberately misled him so she could have him to herself. Todd pretends to forgive her", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 film)" }, { "id": "1502505", "text": "and begins his adventures across Britain, eventually ending up in London. On the way he meets a barber, Partridge, who was banished from town because he was thought to be the father of Tom Jones. He becomes Tom's faithful companion in the hope of restoring his reputation. During their journey they end up at an inn where a lady and her maid arrive. An angry man arrives and the chambermaid points him in the direction she thinks he needs to go. He bursts in on Tom and Mrs Waters, a woman whom Tom rescued, in bed together. The man, however,", "title": "The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling" }, { "id": "2521857", "text": "the same time. In September 2018 Network confirmed on Twitter that Blu-ray releases of Series 2 to 4 had been abandoned due to 'lack of demand'. The Sweeney The Sweeney is a 1970s British television police drama focusing on two members of the Flying Squad, a branch of the Metropolitan Police specialising in tackling armed robbery and violent crime in London. It was made by Thames Television for broadcast on the ITV network. The programme's title derives from 'Sweeney Todd', which is Cockney rhyming slang for \"Flying Squad\". It starred John Thaw as Detective Inspector Jack Regan and Dennis Waterman", "title": "The Sweeney" }, { "id": "487961", "text": "him to Rosina that evening. He also explains his plot to come between the lovers. Basilio leaves and Rosina arrives. Bartolo shows Rosina the letter she wrote to \"Lindoro\", and persuades her that this is evidence that Lindoro is merely a flunky of Almaviva and is toying with her at Almaviva's behest. Rosina believes him and agrees to marry him. During an instrumental interlude, the music creates a thunder storm to indicate the passage of time. The Count and Figaro climb up a ladder to the balcony and enter the room through a window. Rosina shows Almaviva the letter and", "title": "The Barber of Seville" }, { "id": "15662789", "text": "of the men she had a relationship with on the \"Wolverine\", as since then. He tells her that he has finally met her after what seemed like forever. He technically has authority over her, as she is an escaped prisoner, and he wants her in bed. She says no politely and persists, but Jared pulls her onto the bed anyway. Just then the \"Cerberus\" pulls up, with Jaimy jumping aboard and Jacky smiles and asks Jared, \"Now who exactly is the prisoner of whom?\" The three captains discuss what to do with their illegal profits, the ships, and where to", "title": "The Wake of the Lorelei Lee" }, { "id": "13673830", "text": "Grand Duchess of Oldenburg at the Pulteney Hotel in Piccadilly); King Frederick William III of Prussia; Prince Metternich, Chancellor of the Austrian Empire; Field Marshal Blücher, Prince Hardenberg, the Chancellor of Prussia; General Yorck; General Bülow; Count Barclay de Tolly. Boarding the Duke of Clarence's flagship the \"Impregnable\" in Boulogne on 6 June 1814, they crossed to Dover, where they were officially welcomed, with a guard of honour provided by the soldiers of the famous Light Division - the 43rd, 52nd and 95th Regiments. They arrived in London on the afternoon of 7 June. Various entertainments, parades and ceremonies were", "title": "Allied sovereigns' visit to England" }, { "id": "8442609", "text": "to continue romancing Tracy if Draco reveals the whereabouts of Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the head of SPECTRE. Bond returns to London, and after a brief argument with M at the British Secret Service headquarters, heads for Draco's birthday party in Portugal. There, Bond and Tracy begin a whirlwind romance, and Draco directs the agent to a law firm in Bern, Switzerland. Bond investigates the office of Swiss lawyer Gumbold, and learns that Blofeld is corresponding with London College of Arms' genealogist Sir Hilary Bray, attempting to claim the title 'Comte Balthazar de Bleuchamp'. Posing as Bray, Bond goes to meet", "title": "On Her Majesty's Secret Service (film)" }, { "id": "18741915", "text": "to Rome between 22 July and 29 August 1622, Anthony van Dyck (then 23 years old) painted both their portraits. The couple then went to Warsaw in Poland, and perhaps Moscow afterwards, before visiting England in 1623 for the last time. They sailed for the Safavid Empire in 1627 on an East India Company ship with Dodmore Cotton, an envoy from the King of England to Persia and other courts. Teresa and Robert returned to Isfahan through Surat and Bandar Abbas. The couple then moved to Qazvin (the former capital of Safavid Iran) were both Teresa and Shirley were rewarded", "title": "Teresa Sampsonia" }, { "id": "8252457", "text": "for the journey, including Aberdare, Birkenhead and Mountain Ash. \"Mimosa\" sailed from Liverpool, England on 28 May 1865 to Patagonia, South America with a group of about 153 passengers with Captain George Pepperell and a crew of 18. Thomas Greene, an Irishman from Kildare, had been appointed as ship's surgeon. They landed on 28 July 1865 and named their landing site Porth Madryn. They were met by Edwyn Cynrig Roberts and Lewis Jones who had already arrived in Patagonia in June 1865 to prepare for the arrival of the main body of settlers. Their aim was to establish a Welsh", "title": "Mimosa (ship)" }, { "id": "10947062", "text": "7 days after \"Fiery Cross\". She coaled at Mauritius on 27 June, 22 days later, already ahead of the clippers that had left before her, and arrived in London on 22 August, 78 days after sailing - taking 77 days on passage, plus one day of coaling. She was in London 15 days before the first of the clippers. \"Taeping\", as noted above, took 99 days to get from China to London. Newspapers, particularly in Glasgow (where many steamships were built) and Liverpool commented that steam would soon take over carrying tea from China. The same news reports also commented", "title": "Great Tea Race of 1866" }, { "id": "6606036", "text": "before fleeing the ship. Outside, Fry and Leela nearly kiss before they are interrupted by the ship breaking in half. Bender heads off to save the Countess while the rest of the crew head for the escape pods. An airlock door closes, blocking the crew's escape. Zoidberg holds it open a few inches, but the door release is on the other side. Hermes resurrects his old limbo skills to squeeze under the door. Arriving at the escape pods, they meet Amy's parents, who have found Amy a new boyfriend: \"Captain\" Kif. After waiting as long as they can for Bender,", "title": "A Flight to Remember" }, { "id": "1361871", "text": "flying through the storm. During the confusion, the Science Officer escapes the ship via shuttle craft. Their spaceship is drawn mysteriously to the planet D'Illyria where the crew meet mad scientist Doctor Prospero, who has been marooned on the planet since his wife and science partner Gloria sent him and their daughter Miranda into space. Doctor Prospero offers to help repair the broken starship and he, his daughter, and their robot Ariel come aboard. The ship's cook, Cookie, is instantly taken by Miranda's beauty and falls in love with her, a love he thinks she returns. In fact she has", "title": "Return to the Forbidden Planet" }, { "id": "15892191", "text": "learn English from Samuel Robbins Brown. In May 1866, with the assistance of Thomas Blake Glover, Yoshihara was one of five Satsuma samurai smuggled out of Japan on a Portuguese cargo ship to England, in violation of the national seclusion laws of the Tokugawa shogunate. Nire Kagenori was another of the five samurai in this mission. The five travelled via the Cape of Good Hope to London, where they met with the members of the first Satsuma delegation to England, which had arrived a year earlier. These included Mori Arinori, Terashima Munenori and Godai Tomoatsu. Yoshihara continued on to the", "title": "Yoshihara Shigetoshi" }, { "id": "8800398", "text": "apprentice: the orphan Tobias Ragg (John Singer). Next door is a meat pie shop run my Mrs. Lovatt (Stella Rho). She has a large cellar that connects to Todd's. In addition to being a barber, Todd buys a share of Oakley's shipping company and hopes to marry Johanna. Using his charm, Todd lures wealthy, respectable customers from the docks into his barbershop at Fleet Street, where he sits them in a \"special\" barber's chair. Before shaving a man, he always sends Tobias to Mrs. Lovatt's for a meat pie. When Todd pulls a lever, the chair flips over and dumps", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936 film)" }, { "id": "4597012", "text": "and Selmy to infiltrate Meereen and release slaves. Upon their return, Jorah refuses to beg forgiveness, insisting that Daenerys owes him forgiveness as reward for his service. Daenerys agrees but notes that she cannot do so without undermining her authority, and banishes Jorah. Jorah encounters the exiled Tyrion Lannister in a brothel in Selhorys, and abducts him, hoping to return to Daenerys' graces by presenting a Lannister captive as a gift. In Volantis they encounter the dwarf Penny, whom Tyrion takes pity on and is allowed by Jorah to accompany them. During their voyage to Meereen, their ship is disabled", "title": "Jorah Mormont" }, { "id": "12229200", "text": "interrupting Antonio and Carlotta Vega's bilingual bickering before visiting Todd. Not long after visiting Todd, the two are shipwrecked with one of Todd's employees after coming face to face for the first time in two years on a boat Todd had planned to use in order to kidnap his children from Blair. Regarding Todd and Téa being stranded together on a deserted island, former head writer Gary Tomlin, who was new to the series at the time, explained, \"They both realize the mistakes they've made. Téa starts to see why she fell in love with him. The same thing for", "title": "Téa Delgado" }, { "id": "147243", "text": "toward the tip of Africa, eventually rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and reached Sierra Leone by 22 July 1580. On 26 September, \"Golden Hind\" sailed into Plymouth with Drake and 59 remaining crew aboard, along with a rich cargo of spices and captured Spanish treasures. The Queen's half-share of the cargo surpassed the rest of the crown's income for that entire year. Drake was hailed as the first Englishman to circumnavigate the Earth (and the second such voyage arriving with at least one ship intact, after Elcano's in 1520). The Queen declared that all written accounts of Drake's voyages", "title": "Francis Drake" }, { "id": "4993307", "text": "murder his future customers, since all people deserve to die: the rich to be punished for their corruption, and the poor to be relieved of their misery (\"Epiphany\"). Mrs. Lovett suggests that they use the bodies of Todd's victims in her meat pies, and Todd happily agrees (\"A Little Priest\"). Several weeks later, Mrs. Lovett's pie shop has become a successful business, and Toby is now working there as a waiter (\"God, That's Good!\"). Todd and Mrs. Lovett acquire a specially-designed mechanical barber's chair that allows Todd to kill his clients and then send their bodies directly through a chute", "title": "Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street" }, { "id": "5814427", "text": "breakup with Cody by calling Bailey young, smart and pretty, which she responds to in shock. In \"My Oh Maya\", London pretends to be Zack's ex-girlfriend to help him get a girl and pretends to be Marcus' wife to get Dante (Marcus' identity thief) off the ship. It isn't revealed whether or not she did it for free but it can be assumed that because she is maturing she did it without cost. Since then she has been displaying continuous signs of attraction towards Zack. In the last episode, it was shown she would miss Mr. Moseby, since he was", "title": "London Tipton" }, { "id": "4637380", "text": "two minutes east. Wind, fresh to moderate; sky, fair...\" with a similar closing: \"Ship secured for the night. Signed, Philip Carney, master.\" Arriving at an exotic port of call, the captain and first mate would go ashore and immediately run into trouble with local authorities, agents of rival merchants, or desperate women in need of rescue. After some investigation and at least one good fight they would solve the problem, get back on the ship and sail away, Carney and Gallagher sharing a laugh and a drink at the wheel before the captain's closing log entry. Voyage of the Scarlet", "title": "Voyage of the Scarlet Queen" }, { "id": "14460092", "text": "the coast of Havana. Along the way, Jacky and her mates find more than they have bargained for. Minutes after the final confrontation at the end of \"My Bonny Light Horseman\", Jacky’s schooner, the \"Nancy B. Alsop\", comes to receive Jacky from Paris. Once aboard, her butler Master John Higgins cleans her up and Jacky discusses her duty as a nightclub dancer, her position as spy for the British, and her relationship with Jean-Paul. Jacky is reunited with Jaimy, and the two decide to get married when at home in Britain. When in London, she reunites with friends and family", "title": "Rapture of the Deep (novel)" }, { "id": "12229162", "text": "of Todd's newfound \"alters\", Todd and Téa soon marry again. At the reception, Starr unknowingly has a tape played over the country club's loud speakers where Todd is heard confessing he has been faking the DID to avoid criminal prosecution. This happens as Todd and Téa are in the process of making love. Téa is naturally furious with Todd and leaves him to face off with Sam and Viki. Todd soon after kidnaps Téa and traps her in their cabana room. She says that he was supposed to truly love her. Todd says he does love her, but he cannot", "title": "Téa Delgado" }, { "id": "3469162", "text": "and Cat are able to work on the equipment and retrieve Blink, Morph, and Sabretooth, and new members Mystiq and Rogue are brought along. Spider-Man 2099 finds a girlfriend and stays on the world on which he landed. Longshot, once again, got lucky and landed in the Crystal Palace after the transport went wrong. Psylocke and Thunderbird travel to Earth-616 to visit Captain Britain and Nocturne during New Excalibur's victory party. During the party, Captain Britain is wounded by a strike force led by an armored lady called Rouge. While Betsy tries to care for her brother everybody else tries", "title": "Exiles (Marvel Comics)" }, { "id": "14254893", "text": "giant creature below the ship. The Doctor induces the creature to vomit, allowing them to escape back to the ship. The Doctor and Amy meet Queen Elizabeth X, known as Liz 10, the ruler of the ship. The Winders eventually capture the group, and they are taken to the Tower of London. The Doctor discovers that \"Starship UK\" rides atop a giant Star Whale, controlled by sending painful electrical impulses to its brain via a control panel in the Tower. Liz 10 finds a message from her younger self telling her that she ordered this, and is given the option", "title": "The Beast Below" } ]	who did sweeney todd meet on the ship back to london
[ "William Thomas Sadler" ]	[ { "id": "15175292", "text": "of the Circle K. Solomon confirmed that they have Steven Soderbergh aboard for production of the film, along with Scott Kroopf, who produced the original films. They also have planned for William Sadler to return as the Grim Reaper. Pre-production of \"Face the Music\" was started in May 2018, with both Reeves and Winter confirmed to return to reprise their roles. The United States distribution will be handled by MGM under their Orion Pictures label. The international distribution rights are expected to be determined during the 2018 Cannes Film Festival, with Bloom Media negotiating these rights. The first season was", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "15175286", "text": "a pre-San Diego Comic-Con International interview, Alex Winter stated the storyline may also involve time travel to the prehistoric era, and the film would likely see a cameo by Eddie Van Halen as well as the return of Socrates and Billy the Kid, who appeared in the first movie. The current script does not feature William Sadler reprising his role as the Grim Reaper, but the screenwriters are looking for a way to include him, and Sadler has expressed interest in returning to the role. In August 2012, director Dean Parisot of \"Galaxy Quest\" and \"Red 2\" was attached to", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "13895902", "text": "William Sadler (actor) William Thomas Sadler (born April 13, 1950) is an American film and television actor. His television and motion picture roles have included Chesty Puller in \"The Pacific\", in \"\", Sheriff Jim Valenti in \"Roswell\", convict Heywood in \"The Shawshank Redemption\", Senator Vernon Trent in \"Hard to Kill\", and the Grim Reaper in \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\", a role for which he won the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor, and his role as Colonel Stuart opposite Bruce Willis in \"Die Hard 2\". He played the character of President of the United States, Matthew Ellis, in \"Iron", "title": "William Sadler (actor)" }, { "id": "13895909", "text": "Possessions\", which was screened at SXSW. William Sadler (actor) William Thomas Sadler (born April 13, 1950) is an American film and television actor. His television and motion picture roles have included Chesty Puller in \"The Pacific\", in \"\", Sheriff Jim Valenti in \"Roswell\", convict Heywood in \"The Shawshank Redemption\", Senator Vernon Trent in \"Hard to Kill\", and the Grim Reaper in \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\", a role for which he won the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor, and his role as Colonel Stuart opposite Bruce Willis in \"Die Hard 2\". He played the character of President of the", "title": "William Sadler (actor)" }, { "id": "15175281", "text": "Bill & Ted Bill & Ted is an American comedy film series featuring William \"Bill\" S. Preston Esq. (Alex Winter) and Theodore \"Ted\" Logan (Keanu Reeves) as two metalhead slackers who travel through time. The first \"Bill & Ted\" film, \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\", was released on February 17, 1989, followed by a sequel two years later entitled \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\". A third film, \"Bill & Ted Face the Music\", started pre-production in May 2018. In addition to the films, the franchise has spawned both an animated television series (with Winter and Reeves reprising their roles) and", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "13634136", "text": "indicated that Matheson and Solomon were working on a script for a third film, confirming in April 2011 that a draft was complete. Winter said in March 2012 that he and Reeves both liked the finished script, which revisits the two characters after the changes of the past twenty years. The current script does not feature the return of the Grim Reaper from \"Bogus Journey\", but since actor William Sadler has expressed interest, the writers are considering ways to include the character. In August 2012, Dean Parisot (director of the sci-fi/comedy film \"Galaxy Quest)\" signed on to direct the film,", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "13895906", "text": "Hard 2\" as Colonel Stuart, as Heywood in the 1994 prison drama \"The Shawshank Redemption\", the Grim Reaper in the 1991 comedy \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\" and as Brayker in \"Demon Knight\". He was also a series regular on the television series \"Roswell\" as Sheriff Jim Valenti and in \"Wonderfalls\" as Darrin Tyler. Other film credits include \"Trespass\", \"K-9\", \"Project X\", \"Disturbing Behavior\", \"Kinsey\", \"The Battle of Shaker Heights\", \"Purple Heart\", \"Jimmy and Judy\" and \"August Rush\". Sadler's TV guest appearances include \"In the Heat of the Night\", \"Roseanne\", \"Tru Calling\", \"Tour of Duty\", \"\", \"Numb3rs\", and \"\". He", "title": "William Sadler (actor)" }, { "id": "15175293", "text": "produced by Hanna-Barbera and ran for 13 episodes on CBS in 1990, featured the voices of Carlin, Winter, and Reeves returning to their roles in the film. A second season of eight episodes ran on Fox Kids and was produced by DIC Entertainment, with none of the original cast. A later live-action series, featuring none of the cast from the film, included Christopher Kennedy as Bill and Evan Richards as Ted (who also voiced the same roles in the animated season produced by Dic). This version aired seven episodes in 1992 on Fox. A one-shot comic book adaptation of the", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "1875165", "text": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey is a 1991 American science fiction comedy film, and the directing debut of Pete Hewitt. It is the second film in the \"Bill & Ted\" franchise, and a sequel to \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" (1989). Keanu Reeves, Alex Winter and George Carlin reprise their roles. The film's original working title was \"Bill & Ted Go to Hell\" and the film's soundtrack featured the song \"Go to Hell\" by Megadeth, which Dave Mustaine wrote for the film. Despite mixed reviews from film critics, like its predecessor, the film has since", "title": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey" }, { "id": "15175282", "text": "a live-action television series in 1990 and 1992 respectively, video games, and comic books. Originally produced by Orion Pictures, the franchise ownership fell to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) following the purchase of Orion in 1997. The franchise is based on the characters of William \"Bill\" S. Preston Esq. (played by Alex Winter in the films) and Theodore \"Ted\" Logan (Keanu Reeves), two teenagers (as of 1989) living in San Dimas, California. Both are aspiring musicians, wanting to bring their own band \"Wyld Stallyns\" to fame, but both are also dim-witted. Unbeknownst to them, their music becomes the focal point for enlightenment that", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "15175297", "text": "following allegations by Jamie Lee Curtis Taete from \"Vice\" of homophobia and racism in that year's show. The show continued at Universal Studios Florida, until 2017. Bill & Ted Bill & Ted is an American comedy film series featuring William \"Bill\" S. Preston Esq. (Alex Winter) and Theodore \"Ted\" Logan (Keanu Reeves) as two metalhead slackers who travel through time. The first \"Bill & Ted\" film, \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\", was released on February 17, 1989, followed by a sequel two years later entitled \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\". A third film, \"Bill & Ted Face the Music\", started", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "10905650", "text": "featuring Steve Vai's intro have been made by fans. \"Dream of a New Day\" was previously released on Richie Kotzen's 1990 album \"Fever Dream\". \"Tommy the Cat\" was previously released on Primus' album \"Sailing the Seas of Cheese\". In this version, the title character Tommy was voiced by singer songwriter Tom Waits. Notably, the track \"The Reaper Rap\", a reprise of Steve Vai's \"The Reaper\", features not only sound bytes of dialog heard in the film, but also dialog from the film's deleted scenes now believed to be lost. Portions of \"The Reaper Rap\" are absent in the film during", "title": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey: Music from the Motion Picture" }, { "id": "5588538", "text": "Greg Eagles Gregory Eagles (born October 28, 1970) is an American actor, voice actor, writer and producer. He is best known for voicing the Grim Reaper in \"Grim & Evil\" and its spin-off \"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\". He is also known for voicing Brother 6 and Rokutaro in \"Afro Samurai\" and Aku Aku in the \"Crash Bandicoot\" video game franchise. Eagles was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Eagles is especially known as the voice of The Grim Reaper in \"Grim & Evil\" and \"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\" from Cartoon Network. In some of his appearances,", "title": "Greg Eagles" }, { "id": "5588540", "text": "Robert Alvarez. He is planning to turn the pilot into a full TV-series when it gets picked up, even making an online opening sequence and full theme song. The cartoon short also had a Kickstarter and a now-lost Indiegogo campaign for a video game adaption, \"Teapot Rap it Up!\" but the project failed to reach its $2,500 goal. – Blanco Greg Eagles Gregory Eagles (born October 28, 1970) is an American actor, voice actor, writer and producer. He is best known for voicing the Grim Reaper in \"Grim & Evil\" and its spin-off \"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\".", "title": "Greg Eagles" }, { "id": "219688", "text": "Keanu Reeves Keanu Charles Reeves ( ; born September 2, 1964) is a Canadian actor, director, producer, and musician. He gained fame for his starring role performances in several blockbuster films, including comedies from the \"Bill and Ted\" franchise (1989–1991); action thrillers \"Point Break\" (1991), \"Speed\" (1994), and the \"John Wick\" franchise; psychological thriller \"The Devil's Advocate\" (1997); supernatural thriller \"Constantine\" (2005); and science fiction/action series \"The Matrix\" (1999–2003). He has also appeared in dramatic films such as \"Dangerous Liaisons\" (1988), \"My Own Private Idaho\" (1991), and \"Little Buddha\" (1993), as well as the romantic horror \"Bram Stoker's Dracula\" (1992).", "title": "Keanu Reeves" }, { "id": "15175289", "text": "Show\", Reeves confirmed that \"Bill & Ted 3\" is still being planned, stating, \"Yes, they want to do that. The writers wrote a script, which is a really cool idea and Alex Winter and I – Alex played Bill, I played Ted – so we're trying to get it made\". In April 2016, Alex Winter told Forbes that they have a script, a director and a studio and that there had been a plan to film by early 2017. Reeves gave an update on the film in February 2017 during an interview on \"The Graham Norton Show\" saying the story", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "2718666", "text": "School of the Arts. He took part in the Sundance Institute's June Lab. , he was scheduled to direct the third installment of the Bill and Ted franchise. It was confirmed in May 2018 that \"Bill & Ted Face the Music\" was currently in pre-production. Dean Parisot was married to film editor Sally Menke until her death in 2010; the couple had two children. Dean Parisot Aldo L. \"Dean\" Parisot is an American film and television director. He won the 1988 Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film for \"The Appointments of Dennis Jennings\", which was co-written and starred", "title": "Dean Parisot" }, { "id": "10245316", "text": "(Sam and Sock's co-worker and friend) and Josie (Sock's ex-girlfriend) were found in the same month when Rick Gonzalez and Valarie Rae Miller were cast. Anthony Head and James Marsters auditioned for the role of the devil before Ray Wise was cast in the part in mid-March. Kyle Switzer was cast as Sam's younger brother Keith. Keith's name would later be changed to Kyle, and was written out of the show after two episodes. Donovan Stinson and Andrew Airlie rounded out the cast as Ted Gallagher and John Oliver, Sam's boss and father respectively. In July 2008, it was announced", "title": "Reaper (TV series)" }, { "id": "15175285", "text": "Wyld Stallyns' performance at the Battle of the Bands, which takes place later that night. In 2010, Reeves indicated that Matheson and Solomon were working on a script for a third film. Winter has stated that the role of Rufus (previously played by the late George Carlin) would not be recast. In April 2011, Reeves stated that a third film was close to happening. On April 24, 2011, Winter tweeted that the script for the third installment had been finished. The plot was suspected to be about Bill and Ted writing a song that could save the world, although in", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "8283090", "text": "Robert V. Barron Robert V. Barron (born Robert V. Nemiroff; December 26, 1932 – December 1, 2000) was an American TV and film director, producer, screenwriter and actor best known for his role as the voice of Admiral Donald Hayes in the 1980s animated TV series \"Robotech\", of which he also served as the supervising producer. He is also well known for playing the role of Abraham Lincoln in \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" in 1989. Tall, gaunt, rawboned character actor with deep voice, reminiscent of John Carradine. Barron's attended Morris Harvey College in Charleston, West Virginia, and later UCLA.", "title": "Robert V. Barron" }, { "id": "15454236", "text": "Ted (film) Ted is a 2012 American comedy film directed by Seth MacFarlane and written by MacFarlane, Alec Sulkin, and Wellesley Wild. The film stars Mark Wahlberg and Mila Kunis, with Joel McHale and Giovanni Ribisi in supporting roles, with MacFarlane providing the voice and motion capture of the title character. The film tells the story of John Bennett, a Boston native whose childhood wish brings his teddy bear friend Ted to life. However, in adulthood, Ted prevents John and his love interest Lori Collins from moving on with their lives. The film is MacFarlane's feature-length directorial debut, produced by", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "4406929", "text": "Club. After completing NYU film school, he and Tom Stern moved out to Hollywood, where the two wrote and directed a number of short films and music videos. Winter continued to find work as an actor, landing notable roles in such big productions as \"The Lost Boys\" and \"Rosalie Goes Shopping\". In 1989, Winter found international success when he co-starred with Keanu Reeves as Bill S. Preston in the smash-hit comedy \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" and its 1991 sequel, \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\". Following the success of \"Bill & Ted\", Winter and creative collaborators Tom Stern and Tim", "title": "Alex Winter" }, { "id": "1875176", "text": "Maltin also gave \"Bogus Journey\" 2½ stars, a half-star more than he gave to \"Excellent Adventure.\" \"Variety\" wrote that the film has \"a few triumphant moments, but not enough to sustain pic's running time.\" To coincide with the release of the movie, Marvel Comics released a one-shot comic book adaptation of the movie, hiring Evan Dorkin to adapt the screenplay and pencil the art. Like Archie Goodwin's adaptation of the first \"Star Wars\" film, Dorkin worked from the original script, which included many of the deleted scenes, and portrayed Death as the archetypal skeletal figure. Due to the popularity of", "title": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey" }, { "id": "18741460", "text": "John Karlsen John Karlsen, sometimes credited as Charles John Karlsen or John Karlson (20 October 1919 – 5 July 2017), was an actor from New Zealand who was active in cinema between 1958 and 2003. He is best known for \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" (1989), \"The Black Stallion\" (1979) and \"The Sin Eater\" (2003). In Europe he appeared in mostly Italian films. Karlsen was born in Wellington, New Zealand, and launched his career in Europe in the late 1950s. His filmography includes 80 titles, including several works for television. Karlsen died on 5 July 2017 in Auckland, New Zealand,", "title": "John Karlsen" }, { "id": "5511494", "text": "Dan Shor Daniel Shor (born November 16, 1956) is an American actor, director, writer, and teacher with a career spanning over 30 years. His most recognized roles include Enoch Emery in John Huston's \"Wise Blood\", Ram in \"Tron\" (1982) and Billy the Kid in \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" (1989). Shor was born and raised in New York City. He attended McBurney School from the 6th through the 8th grade. His mother, who was an actress, died when he was 14. He graduated from Elisabeth Irwin High School (June 1974) and began at Northwestern University that fall. He studied at", "title": "Dan Shor" }, { "id": "2832743", "text": "Stellan Skarsgård Stellan John Skarsgård (; born 13 June 1951) is a Swedish actor. He is known for his roles as Jan Nyman in \"Breaking the Waves\" (1996), Captain Tupolev in \"The Hunt for Red October\" (1990), Prof. Gerald Lambeau in \"Good Will Hunting\" (1997), Bootstrap Bill Turner in \"\" (2006) and \"\" (2007), Bill Anderson in \"Mamma Mia!\" (2008) and the sequel \"Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again\" (2018), Commander Maximilian Richter in \"Angels and Demons\" (2009), Martin Vanger in \"The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo\" (2011), Dr. Erik Selvig in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films \"Thor\" (2011), \"The", "title": "Stellan Skarsgård" }, { "id": "2056490", "text": "Bill Paxton William Paxton (May 17, 1955 – February 25, 2017) was an American actor and director. He appeared in films such as \"The Terminator\" (1984), \"Weird Science\" (1985), \"Aliens\" (1986), \"Predator 2\" (1990), \"Tombstone\" (1993), \"True Lies\" (1994), \"Apollo 13\" (1995), \"Twister\" (1996), \"Titanic\" (1997), \"Mighty Joe Young\" (1998), \"U-571\" (2000), \"Vertical Limit\" (2000), \"Edge of Tomorrow\" (2014), and \"Nightcrawler\" (2014). He also starred in the HBO drama series \"Big Love\" (2006–2011), earning three Golden Globe Award nominations during the show's run. He was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award for portraying Randall", "title": "Bill Paxton" }, { "id": "4406926", "text": "Alex Winter Alexander Ross Winter (born July 17, 1965) is a British-American actor, film director and screenwriter, best known for his role as Bill S. Preston, Esq. in the 1989 film \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" and its 1991 sequel \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\". He is also well known for his role as Marko in the 1987 vampire film \"The Lost Boys\", and for co-writing, co-directing and starring in the 1993 film \"Freaked\". Winter was born in London, England, to mother Gregg Mayer, a New York-born American who was a former Martha Graham dancer who founded a modern-dance company", "title": "Alex Winter" }, { "id": "4406932", "text": "Network in November 2009 and captured over 16 million viewers in its premiere weekend. He has reportedly been chosen to write the screenplay for the Howard Stern-produced remake of \"Rock 'n' Roll High School\". His latest project is a 3D-remake of the 1987 horror film \"The Gate\" which was scheduled for release in 2011. In April 2011, Winter's \"Bill & Ted\" co-star Keanu Reeves confirmed that a third installment of the film series was underway. Winter's confirmed work on \"Bill & Ted 3\" was still in progress in a 2014 article on the original film's 25th anniversary. In 2016, Winter", "title": "Alex Winter" }, { "id": "15454245", "text": "skeptical about the film's future success owing to its R-rating. Subsequently, Fox backed out and MacFarlane began to take the project somewhere else. On April 12, 2010, Universal Pictures announced that it had acquired the full rights to \"Ted\" after it agreed to a $65 million budget he requested. On October 26, 2010, Mark Wahlberg joined in the project as the lead actor. Two months later on December 14, Mila Kunis, the voice actress for Meg Griffin from \"Family Guy\", also joined in the cast. On February 23, 2011, Giovanni Ribisi joined Mark Wahlberg and Mila Kunis in \"Ted\". Filming", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "15175284", "text": "time and meet historical figures and learn about key historical events. If Bill and Ted fail to pass, their teacher will have to flunk them and Ted's father will transfer him to an Alaskan military academy, which will lead to Wyld Stallyns never forming, in turn destroying the future. \"Bogus Journey\" sees Bill and Ted being killed by robot doubles who capture their fiancées, and their attempts to get back from the afterlife by challenging the Grim Reaper to a series of games. Bill and Ted (along with the Grim Reaper) eventually return to present-day Earth just prior to the", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "2056501", "text": "and Ginnifer Goodwin. Sevigny remembered Paxton as: Bill Paxton William Paxton (May 17, 1955 – February 25, 2017) was an American actor and director. He appeared in films such as \"The Terminator\" (1984), \"Weird Science\" (1985), \"Aliens\" (1986), \"Predator 2\" (1990), \"Tombstone\" (1993), \"True Lies\" (1994), \"Apollo 13\" (1995), \"Twister\" (1996), \"Titanic\" (1997), \"Mighty Joe Young\" (1998), \"U-571\" (2000), \"Vertical Limit\" (2000), \"Edge of Tomorrow\" (2014), and \"Nightcrawler\" (2014). He also starred in the HBO drama series \"Big Love\" (2006–2011), earning three Golden Globe Award nominations during the show's run. He was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award and a", "title": "Bill Paxton" }, { "id": "18741461", "text": "at the age of 97. John Karlsen John Karlsen, sometimes credited as Charles John Karlsen or John Karlson (20 October 1919 – 5 July 2017), was an actor from New Zealand who was active in cinema between 1958 and 2003. He is best known for \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" (1989), \"The Black Stallion\" (1979) and \"The Sin Eater\" (2003). In Europe he appeared in mostly Italian films. Karlsen was born in Wellington, New Zealand, and launched his career in Europe in the late 1950s. His filmography includes 80 titles, including several works for television. Karlsen died on 5 July", "title": "John Karlsen" }, { "id": "18366415", "text": "Avengers: Infinity War Avengers: Infinity War is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2012's \"The Avengers\" and 2015's \"\", and the nineteenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film is directed by Anthony and Joe Russo, written by Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely, and features an ensemble cast including Robert Downey Jr., Chris Hemsworth, Mark Ruffalo, Chris Evans, Scarlett Johansson, Benedict Cumberbatch, Don Cheadle, Tom Holland, Chadwick Boseman, Paul Bettany, Elizabeth Olsen, Anthony", "title": "Avengers: Infinity War" }, { "id": "15175296", "text": "Excellent Adventure\" that was released in North America by LJN for the Nintendo Entertainment System. \"Wyld Stallyns\" is an action-RPG video game based on the \"Bill & Ted\" universe was released by Built Games in 2018 for iOS and Android devices. Bill & Ted also feature in an annual live-action show at Universal Studios Florida and Universal Studios Hollywood during Halloween Horror Nights. Typically the show will parody the past year's worth of notable pop culture events, featuring locally cast performers as the title characters. In 2013, the Universal Studios Hollywood \"Bill and Ted's Excellent Halloween Adventure\" show was cancelled", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "1875179", "text": "write the song it’s not just the world, it’s the universe. So they have to save the universe because time is breaking apart.” On May 8, 2018, The Hollywood Reporter confirmed that a third film, \"Bill & Ted: Face the Music\", was officially in pre-production with Dean Parisot directing. No release date has been announced yet. Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey is a 1991 American science fiction comedy film, and the directing debut of Pete Hewitt. It is the second film in the \"Bill & Ted\" franchise, and a sequel to \"Bill & Ted's Excellent", "title": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey" }, { "id": "15212077", "text": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventures (1990 TV series) Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventures is a 1990 animated television series spinoff from the 1989 film of the same title, following the misadventures of two time-travelling slackers as they travel into the distant past and future. It is part of the \"Bill & Ted\" franchise. The first season of the animated series was produced by Hanna-Barbera and aired on CBS in 1990, with Keanu Reeves, Alex Winter, George Carlin, and Bernie Casey reprising their film roles. For the second season in 1991, the animated series switched production companies and networks, now airing", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventures (1990 TV series)" }, { "id": "15454246", "text": "began in May 2011 in Boston, Norwood and other locations in Massachusetts. The film was scheduled for release in the United States on July 13, 2012, but it was moved up to June 29, both to avoid competition with \"\" (20th Century Fox) and following the delay of \"\" (Paramount Pictures/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer). Internationally, the film was released in Australia on July 5, 2012, and on August 1, 2012 in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The film's soundtrack was released by Universal Republic Records on June 26, 2012. It features the score by Walter Murphy and songs by various artists such as", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "16893900", "text": "Ted 2 Ted 2 is a 2015 American comedy film directed by Seth MacFarlane and written by MacFarlane, Alec Sulkin and Wellesley Wild, and is a sequel to the 2012 film \"Ted\". The film stars Mark Wahlberg and MacFarlane, and follows the talking teddy bear Ted as he fights for civil rights in order to be recognized as a person. The film also stars Amanda Seyfried (who replaces Mila Kunis as Wahlberg's love interest), with Giovanni Ribisi and Jessica Barth reprising their roles and John Slattery and Morgan Freeman joining the cast. Principal photography began in Massachusetts in July 2014.", "title": "Ted 2" }, { "id": "13634143", "text": "concluding: \"Make no mistake, \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" […] is not a satire of mindlessness; it's unabashed glorification of dumbness for dumbness' sake. Bill and Ted are heroic in their ability to reduce some of history's great minds to their level. However, writing for \"Radio Times\", Alan Jones decided: \"A nonstop giggle from start to finish, this beguiling grab-bag of time-travel clichés, hard-rock music and Valley-speaking cool dudes is a flawless, purpose-built junk movie\". The film has a 78% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 46 reviews with an average rating of 6.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads:", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "6537931", "text": "Terry Camilleri Terrance Camilleri (born 1949) is a Maltese-born Australian actor who has performed actively in both the United Kingdom and United States. He is best recognized for portraying Emperor Napoleon I in the blockbuster comedy film \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" (1989). Camilleri was born in Malta, and made his feature film debut in Peter Weir's 1974 film \"The Cars That Ate Paris\". He appeared in the 1983 sequel film \"Superman III\". He also made a cameo appearance in Weir's \"The Truman Show\". Other appearances include as Special Branch police officer Hemmings in the science fiction film \"Incident at", "title": "Terry Camilleri" }, { "id": "13634133", "text": "because \"...once you cast Alex and Keanu, who look like pretty cool guys, that was hard to believe\". Originally, the time machine was to be a 1969 Chevrolet van, but the idea was abandoned as being too close in concept to the DeLorean used in the \"Back to the Future\" trilogy. Instead, despite the similarities to \"Doctor Who\"s time machine, the TARDIS, the film's time machine was styled after a 1960s American telephone booth, though a newer model Ford van would be used as the rock concert \"band wagon\" for the sequel. In April 2013, Winter commented on Carlin's casting:", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "6695267", "text": "roles are the duplicitous Dr. Edgemar in \"Total Recall\", a police sergeant possessed by Bill in \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\", principal Michael Oslo in \"Picket Fences\" and jovial mortician Irv Kendall in \"Arachnophobia\". He died in 2001, aged 56, from complications of diabetes. Roy Brocksmith Roy Brocksmith (September 15, 1945 – December 16, 2001) was an American actor. Brocksmith was born in Quincy, Illinois, the son of Vera Marguerite (née Hartwig) and Otis E. Brocksmith, who was a mechanic. He graduated from Quincy University in 1970. He then moved to New York City where he began a career on", "title": "Roy Brocksmith" }, { "id": "15454249", "text": "grossed $218.8 million in North America and $330.6 million overseas for a total gross of $549.4 million, against a budget of $50 million. It was Universal's highest-grossing film in 2012, ahead of \"Snow White and the Huntsman\" and \"Battleship\" (the only one to pass $400 million), and the 12th-highest-grossing film of 2012. \"Ted\" debuted in first place in Taiwan and got the best comedy opening ever there. It also debuted in Hong Kong, with $1.4 million, and grossed $571,000 in its first week in South Korea, eventually grossing $8 million, $3.8 million and $1.8 million respectively. It also grossed $2.1", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "13634121", "text": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure is a 1989 American science fiction comedy film directed by Stephen Herek and written by Chris Matheson and Ed Solomon. It stars Alex Winter, Keanu Reeves, and George Carlin. The plot follows slackers Bill (Winter) and Ted (Reeves), who travel through time to assemble historical figures for their high school history presentation. \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" received generally positive reviews. In 1988 San Dimas, California, slackers Bill (Winter) and Ted (Reeves) would rather pursue their band the Wyld Stallyns than schoolwork. Ted's father, the local police chief, threatens to", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "15454247", "text": "Norah Jones and Queen. Seth MacFarlane co-wrote the opening theme \"Everybody Needs a Best Friend\" with Murphy. The song was later nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 85th Academy Awards. All tracks by Walter Murphy except where indicated. Other songs which do not appear on the soundtrack but are featured in the film include songs from Queen's \"Flash Gordon\" soundtrack: \"Football Fight\", \"Battle Theme\", and \"The Hero\", as well as the \"Knight Rider Theme\" by Stu Phillips, \"Stayin' Alive\" by \"Bee Gees\", \"Kiss Kiss\" by \"Chris Brown\" and \"The Imperial March\" by John Williams. The", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "13634137", "text": "although MGM, which holds the rights to the \"Bill & Ted\" franchise, has yet to give the movie an official greenlight. In an April 2014 article on the original film's 25th anniversary, Alex Winter reported that work on going ahead with the second sequel was still in progress. \"Bill and Ted Face the Music\" was officially announced to be in pre-production on May 8, 2018. Two spin-off television series were produced; both were titled \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventures\". DC Comics produced a tie-in comic following the plot of the first movie timed to coincide with that film's release on", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "8856754", "text": "Stephen Herek Stephen Robert Herek (born November 10, 1958) is an American film director. Herek was born in San Antonio, Texas. He attended the University of Texas at Austin. His career as a film director took off in 1986 with the cult horror classic \"Critters\" followed by the hit comedy \"Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure\" in 1989. He then directed \"Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead\" in 1991 and became a regular director for The Walt Disney Company throughout the decade, helming \"The Mighty Ducks\" in 1992, \"The Three Musketeers\" in 1993, the highly successful live-action 1996 remake of \"101", "title": "Stephen Herek" }, { "id": "6238903", "text": "Stephen Lang Stephen Lang (born July 11, 1952) is an American screen and stage actor, and playwright. He is known for roles in films including \"Manhunter\" (1986), \"Gettysburg\" (1993), \"Gods and Generals\" (2003), \"Public Enemies\" (2009) and \"Don't Breathe\" (2016). He received a Tony Award nomination for his role in the 1992 Broadway production of \"The Speed of Darkness\" and won the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in James Cameron's \"Avatar\" (2009). From 2004 to 2006, he was co-artistic director of the Actors Studio. Lang was born in New York City, the youngest child of Theresa", "title": "Stephen Lang" }, { "id": "7503910", "text": "Jason Clarke Jason Clarke (born 17 July 1969) is an Australian film and television actor. Clarke has appeared in many TV series, and is known for playing Tommy Caffee on the television series \"Brotherhood\". He has also appeared in many films, often as an antagonist. His film roles include \"Zero Dark Thirty\" (2012), \"White House Down\" (2013), \"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\" (2014), \"Terminator Genisys\" (2015), \"Everest\" (2015), \"Mudbound\" (2017), \"Chappaquiddick\" (2017), in which he portrayed Ted Kennedy, and \"First Man\" (2018), in which he portrayed astronaut Ed White. Jason Clarke was born and brought up in Winton,", "title": "Jason Clarke" }, { "id": "15175291", "text": "Ted Face the Music\". Solomon, speaking to \"Digital Spy\" in January 2018, said of the film's long pre-production period: Solomon further stated that they have had issues getting financing for the film as those they have approached want to see a reboot of \"Bill & Ted\", rather than a sequel, and had also expressed concerns that since the first film was not distributed internationally, there would not be a large audience for this film. Solomon said that elements of the script would see the middle-aged Bill & Ted revisiting events of the first film, such as watching their interactions outside", "title": "Bill & Ted" }, { "id": "18241258", "text": "Inferno (2016 film) Inferno is a 2016 American action mystery thriller film directed by Ron Howard and written by David Koepp, based on the 2013 novel of the same name by Dan Brown. The film is the sequel to \"The Da Vinci Code\" (2006) and \"Angels & Demons\" (2009), and is the third installment in the \"Robert Langdon\" film series. It stars Tom Hanks, reprising his role as Robert Langdon, alongside Felicity Jones, Omar Sy, Sidse Babett Knudsen, Ben Foster, and Irrfan Khan. Together with the previous film, it remains Hanks' only live-action sequel. Filming began on April 27, 2015,", "title": "Inferno (2016 film)" }, { "id": "13722345", "text": "Joel Soisson Joel Soisson is an American screenwriter, producer and director. He works primarily in the field of independent film. His numerous credits include \"Dracula 2000\", \",\" \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure, The Prophecy, Little Pink House and Buffalo Rider\"\".\" Soisson studied fine arts and character animation at Pratt Institute and film studies at the University of Southern California and the American Film Institute. Soisson has written, produced, and directed numerous feature films since producing the breakout hit Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure. He worked extensively with production companies such as New Line Cinema, DeLaurentiis Entertainment Group and The Weinstein", "title": "Joel Soisson" }, { "id": "8856756", "text": "TV Specials. Stephen Herek Stephen Robert Herek (born November 10, 1958) is an American film director. Herek was born in San Antonio, Texas. He attended the University of Texas at Austin. His career as a film director took off in 1986 with the cult horror classic \"Critters\" followed by the hit comedy \"Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure\" in 1989. He then directed \"Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead\" in 1991 and became a regular director for The Walt Disney Company throughout the decade, helming \"The Mighty Ducks\" in 1992, \"The Three Musketeers\" in 1993, the highly successful live-action 1996 remake", "title": "Stephen Herek" }, { "id": "1875172", "text": "plus a two week honeymoon\" have passed for them. They begin to perform a stunning rock ballad, joined by Death, Station, and the good robots. The worldwide broadcast set by De Nomolos continues, and Wyld Stallyns' music is played across the globe, creating harmony. Over the credits, it's shown through newspaper articles that the band, along with Death, go through many perks of fame before eventually taking their act to Mars. Progressive Rock/Metal band Primus appear as themselves during Battle of the Bands, performing Tommy the Cat As was particularly common at the time, the soundtrack album focuses on the", "title": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey" }, { "id": "13634140", "text": "from a popular film of that year, with appearances by a host of villains, heroes, and celebrities. The show usually includes elaborate dance numbers, stunts, and multiple double-entendres for the late night event crowd. In 2013, the Hollywood version of the show was cancelled in the middle of its run following complaints of homophobic humor. On August 15, 2017, Universal announced that 2017 will be the final year of Bill and Ted's Excellent Halloween Adventure in Orlando. And on November 4, 2017, Bill and Ted's Excellent Halloween Adventure came to a final close, but not before a surprise appearance of", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "5511496", "text": "Lonigan\"), Shor produced (and reprised his role in) his own version of Jellicoe's play, changing the setting from London to New York. Three months later, the set from the production was used in Billy Idol's classic music video for the song \"Dancing With Myself\". Shor's acting credits include \"Air Force One\", \"Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure\", \"Tron\", \"Red Rock West\", and John Huston's \"Wise Blood\". Television films and mini-series include \"Friendly Fire\", \"Elvis and the Colonel\" and \"The Blue and the Gray\" (for which Shor won a People's Choice Award). He was a series regular on \"Cagney and Lacey\" and", "title": "Dan Shor" }, { "id": "3639375", "text": "Diedrich Bader Karl Diedrich Bader (born December 24, 1966) is an American actor, voice actor and comedian best known for appearing in comedies, including the films \"The Beverly Hillbillies\", \"Office Space\", \"EuroTrip\" and \"Napoleon Dynamite\" and the sitcoms \"The Drew Carey Show\", \"Veep\", \"Outsourced\" and \"American Housewife\". He is also a voice actor for multiple animated series; some of his roles include Batman on \"\" and \"\", android Zeta in \"The Zeta Project\", Warp Darkmatter in \"Buzz Lightyear of Star Command\", the Fiskerton Phantom in \"The Secret Saturdays\" and his recurring role as Hoss Delgado in \"The Grim Adventures of", "title": "Diedrich Bader" }, { "id": "16893910", "text": "2014. The film's soundtrack was released by Universal Republic on June 26, 2015. It features the score by Walter Murphy and songs co-written by Seth MacFarlane and Murphy, including \"Mean Ol’ Moon\", which is performed by Amanda Seyfried and Norah Jones separately. The soundtrack also includes \"Mess Around\" by Ray Charles, \"One Foot in Front of the Other\" by Bone Symphony and \"New York\" by Alfred Newman. All tracks by Walter Murphy except where indicated. On January 27, 2015, the film's teaser poster was released. This was followed two days later by its trailer. The film premiered on June 24,", "title": "Ted 2" }, { "id": "3484368", "text": "film \"Rudy\". Snow also appeared in 2006's \"They're Just My Friends\" and co-stars alongside Tiger Chung Lee in 2009's \"Mountain Mafia\". In 2006 he played himself in the independent feature film The Still Life. Snow can also be seen as the brutal serial killer Grim, also known as \"The Reaper's\", in \"Feathered Italian Films\" latest slasher films \"The Legacy\" and \"Hell House\". Head also cameos in \"The Legacy\". He was one of the leads in the 2011 comedy/action/sci-fi movie \"Overtime\" by director Matt Niehoff. Snow had a quick line in the wrestling documentary \"Beyond the Mat\". He also participated in", "title": "Al Snow" }, { "id": "4392494", "text": "Lazarian wrote an episode of \"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\" with the episode's storyboard artist C. H. Greenblatt, entitled \"Keeper of the Reaper\". Horvitz first appeared in the 1976 Freshen Up Gum commercial, which led to other commercial appearances and several hand modeling jobs. After a brief stint in an off-Broadway production of \"Oliver!\", he went on to make appearances on television seeies such as \"Kids Incorporated\" and \"Safe at Home\" and films, such as \"Summer School\", \"How I Got Into College\" and \"Deadly Weapon\". He also starred as Howie for two seasons on the 1988 syndicated television", "title": "Richard Steven Horvitz" }, { "id": "15212078", "text": "on Fox Kids, and produced by DIC Entertainment. As Fox was also planning on airing a new live-action version series with the same name, the cast was replaced, and the leads were now voiced by Evan Richards and Christopher Kennedy, the actors who respectively portrayed Bill and Ted on the short-lived 1992 live-action television series. The new episodes introduced a \"Squint\" phone booth that could take Bill and Ted into literature, television shows, and (after shrinking them) inside the human body. The new show had trouble catching on, and after one more season, the animated \"Bill & Ted\" series was", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventures (1990 TV series)" }, { "id": "6753558", "text": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Comic Book Bill & Ted's Excellent Comic Book was a twelve-issue comic book series published in 1991–1992 and based on the Bill & Ted franchise. The series was nominated for a 1992 Eisner Award in the category of Best Humor Comic. The first two issues revolve around the efforts of Bill (Bill S. Preston, Esq.) and Ted (Theodore Logan) as they plan a party to celebrate their recent nuptials. Unfortunately the personification of mortality, Death, a more recent ally, becomes vastly out of sorts and steals the phone-booth time machine. Rufus, their old guide, helps by", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Comic Book" }, { "id": "6437347", "text": "Paul Blackthorne Paul Blackthorne (born 5 March 1969) is an English actor. Although born in Shropshire, England, he spent his early childhood on British Military bases in both England and Germany. Blackthorne broke into acting via television commercials in England. His breakthrough commercial in the UK came in the Grim Reaper commercial for Virgin Atlantic, which was hugely successful. Numerous radio commercials followed. Blackthorne's first film role was in the highly successful 2001 Bollywood film \"Lagaan\". Since then, he has mostly appeared in American films and television shows. He had recurring roles in the American series \"ER\" and \"24\", both", "title": "Paul Blackthorne" }, { "id": "7731976", "text": "Jeffrey Dean Morgan Jeffrey Dean Morgan (born April 22, 1966) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as John Winchester on the fantasy horror series \"Supernatural\" (2005–07), Denny Duquette on the medical drama series \"Grey's Anatomy\" (2006–09), The Comedian in the superhero film \"Watchmen\" (2009), Jason Crouse on the political drama series \"The Good Wife\" (2015–16), Negan on the horror drama series \"The Walking Dead\" (2016–present), and Harvey Russell in \"Rampage\" (2018). Morgan was born in Seattle, Washington, to Sandy Thomas and Richard Dean Morgan. He attended Ben Franklin Elementary School, Rose Hill Junior High, and Lake", "title": "Jeffrey Dean Morgan" }, { "id": "18673374", "text": "Ned, Isabella Amara as Sally, Tiffany Espensen as Cindy, and Ethan Dizon as Tiny; and Chadwick Boseman as T'Challa / Black Panther from \"Black Panther\", with Danai Gurira as Okoye, Letitia Wright as Shuri, Winston Duke as M'Baku, and Florence Kasumba as Ayo. Sebastian Stan also appears as Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier from the \"Captain America\" films, along with Tom Hiddleston as Loki and Idris Elba as Heimdall from the \"Thor\" and \"Avengers\" films; \"Iron Man\" supporting actress Gwyneth Paltrow as Pepper Potts; Benicio del Toro as Taneleer Tivan / The Collector from \"Guardians of the Galaxy\"; William Hurt", "title": "Production of Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers: Endgame" }, { "id": "26456", "text": "Ardal O'Hanlon Ardal O'Hanlon (; born 8 October 1965) is an Irish comedian and actor. He played Father Dougal McGuire in \"Father Ted\", George Sunday/Thermoman in \"My Hero\", and DI Jack Mooney in \"Death in Paradise\". Ardal O'Hanlon was born on 8 October 1965 in Carrickmacross, County Monaghan, the son of politician and doctor Rory O'Hanlon and Teresa Ward. He has five siblings. The episode of \"Who Do You Think You Are?\" which aired on 6 October 2008 revealed that O'Hanlon's paternal grandfather, Michael O'Hanlon, was a UCD medicine student who had joined the IRA during the Irish War of", "title": "Ardal O'Hanlon" }, { "id": "10905647", "text": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey: Music from the Motion Picture Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey: Music from the Motion Picture is the licensed soundtrack to the 1991 Orion Pictures film \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\". It was released by Interscope Records on July 9, 1991 on CD and cassette formats. In Japan it was released on August 25, 1991. Unlike the soundtrack to the film's predecessor, \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\", this soundtrack features music from artists well-known at the time of the film's release. Many of these songs, such as Faith No More's \"The Perfect Crime\" and Megadeth's \"Go", "title": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey: Music from the Motion Picture" }, { "id": "13634139", "text": "1991 by Off the Wall Productions and IntraCorp, Inc. under contract by Capstone Software and followed the original film very closely. The annual Halloween Horror Nights events at Universal Studios Orlando and Hollywood have featured since 1992 (Orlando) and 1997-1999/2007 (Hollywood) Bill & Ted's Excellent Halloween Adventure, a show satirizing pop culture of the year with Bill & Ted as the protagonists fighting villains who steal their phone booth for their own schemes. The show differs from year to year, with spoofs of various pop culture icons. The main plot involves Bill and Ted being threatened by an evil villain", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "16659559", "text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron Avengers: Age of Ultron is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2012's \"The Avengers\" and the eleventh film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film was written and directed by Joss Whedon and features an ensemble cast that includes Robert Downey Jr., Chris Hemsworth, Mark Ruffalo, Chris Evans, Scarlett Johansson, Jeremy Renner, Don Cheadle, Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Elizabeth Olsen, Paul Bettany, Cobie Smulders, Anthony Mackie, Hayley Atwell, Idris Elba, Stellan Skarsgård,", "title": "Avengers: Age of Ultron" }, { "id": "19741935", "text": "Don McManus Don McManus (sometimes credited as Don R. McManus) is an American film actor, with feature credits including \"Vice, \"Grand Piano\", \"Under the Silver Lake\", \"The Maze Runner\", \"Lucky Bastard\", \"Lovelace\", \"Dark Around the Stars\", \"For A Good Time, Call\", \"Magnolia\", \"The Shawshank Redemption\", \"Under the Tuscan Sun\", \"National Treasure\", \"Hannibal\", \"Air Force One\",\" and \"The Congress\". And TV credits including: \"Sorry For Your Loss\", \"Mom\", \"Supernatural\", \"Castle\", \"Justified\", \"The Newsroom\", \"24\", \"Northern Exposure\", \"Franklin & Bash\", \"NCIS\", \"Private Practice\", \"Parks and Recreation\", \"Boston Legal\", \"Grey's Anatomy\", \"Dexter\", \"Seinfeld\", \"Frasier\", \"Nip/Tuck\", \"The Closer\", \"CSI\", \"Party of Five\", \"Mad About", "title": "Don McManus" }, { "id": "12029536", "text": "tell you these long stories.\" Christopher Timothy added: \"I found myself getting quite moved when I watched an episode recently – not because of what we were doing, but because all those lovely people are no longer with us. John Sharp was a lovely, lovely man.\" Bill Hartley (Peter Martin, who also plays Arthur Handshaw in series 1 and 2), meanwhile, is a relatively good-natured client, compared to the perpetually disgruntled Ted Grimsdale (Bryan Pringle). \"Peter Martin was fantastic,\" remembered Peter Davison. \"He was mainly known then for the Jewson commercials. He was just very funny. He played two parts", "title": "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series)" }, { "id": "8163957", "text": "a big hit for the band in many parts of the world, including making the Top Ten in the United Kingdom and Germany. It reached number 21 on \"Billboard'\"s Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in the US, as well as its video receiving heavy rotation on music television channels. The version released as a single and on the soundtrack to \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\" differs slightly from that played in the film. In the film, a 40-second guitar solo is played by Steve Vai. It was later included on Steve Vai's album \"The Elusive Light and Sound, Vol. 1\"", "title": "God Gave Rock and Roll to You" }, { "id": "4502682", "text": "George Eastman (actor) George Eastman (born Luigi Montefiori; August 16, 1942) is an Italian B-movie actor and screenwriter well known for his frequent collaborations with notorious director Joe D'Amato. He is most famous for his role as the insane, cannibalistic serial killer Klaus Wortmann in the gory 1980 horror film \"Antropophagus\" (aka \"The Grim Reaper\"). He also played a similar role in its 1981 follow-up, \"Absurd\". Both films were directed by D'Amato and written by Eastman. Eastman was born in 1942 in Genoa, Italy and studied at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome and at the Drama School held", "title": "George Eastman (actor)" }, { "id": "1715993", "text": "Sant repeatedly explores in his films). The film won him an Independent Spirit Award for his screenplay (he had won the same award for his \"Drugstore Cowboy\" screenplay), as well as greater prestige. The film also gained River Phoenix best actor honors at the Venice Film Festival among others. In addition, it helped Reeves—previously best known for his work in the \"Bill and Ted\" movies—to get the critical respect that had previously eluded him. Van Sant's next film, a 1993 adaptation of Tom Robbins' \"Even Cowgirls Get the Blues\", was an excessive flop, both commercially and critically. Featuring an unusually", "title": "Gus Van Sant" }, { "id": "2056495", "text": "Award for Best Supporting Actor. He and Cameron collaborated again on \"True Lies\" (1994) and \"Titanic\" (1997), the latter of which was the highest-grossing film of all time at its release. In his other roles, Paxton played Morgan Earp in \"Tombstone\" (1993), Fred Haise in \"Apollo 13\" (1995), the male lead in \"Twister\" (1996), and lead roles in dark dramas such as \"One False Move\" (1992) and \"A Simple Plan\" (1998). In 1990, he co-starred with Charlie Sheen and Michael Biehn in \"Navy Seals\". Paxton directed the feature films \"Frailty\" (2001), in which he also starred, and \"The Greatest Game", "title": "Bill Paxton" }, { "id": "7200738", "text": "Jeremy Renner Jeremy Lee Renner (born January 7, 1971) is an American actor. He appeared largely in independent films, such as \"Dahmer\" (2002) and \"Neo Ned\" (2005). Renner appeared in supporting roles in bigger films, such as \"S.W.A.T.\" (2003) and \"28 Weeks Later\" (2007). Renner was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in \"The Hurt Locker\" (2008) and for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his much-praised performance in \"The Town\" (2010). Renner played Hawkeye in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films \"Thor\" (2011), \"The\" \"Avengers\" (2012), \"\" (2015) and \"\" (2016). He also", "title": "Jeremy Renner" }, { "id": "5645674", "text": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Video Game Adventure Bill & Ted's Excellent Video Game Adventure is an action-adventure video game that is part of the Bill & Ted franchise and is based on the film \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" which was released in North America by Acclaim Entertainment under their LJN label for the Nintendo Entertainment System in . The game's plot is not an adaptation of the movie, but rather serves as an original continuation to the film's events. The story begins when Rufus summons Bill S. Preston Esq. and \"Ted\" Theodore Logan for a mission. The boys arrive", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Video Game Adventure" }, { "id": "15454257", "text": "of four, citing the film as \"the best comedy screenplay so far [this year],\" also praising the film on the fact that it \"doesn't run out of steam.\" Nathan Rabin of \"The A.V. Club\" gave the film a \"B\" grade. Brent McNight of \"Beyond Hollywood\" commented on the jokes: \"Some of these jokes hit, some jokes miss.\" On the other hand, A. O. Scott of \"The New York Times\" called \"Ted\" \"boring, lazy and wildly unoriginal.\" The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray in the United States on December 11, 2012 by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment. Both formats featured", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "5773696", "text": "Chelcie Ross Chelcie Claude Ross (born June 20, 1942) is an American character actor, most known for \"Major League\", \"Basic Instinct\", \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\", \"Hoosiers\" and \"The Ballad of Buster Scruggs\". He served in Vietnam as an officer in the United States Air Force where he had been awarded a Bronze Star, and earned an MFA from the Dallas Theater Center. He left the air force in 1970. His son, Ian Ross, plays bass in the band John 5 and The Creatures, the instrumental group fronted by guitarist John 5 (Marilyn Manson, Rob Zombie.) In 2007, Ross appeared,", "title": "Chelcie Ross" }, { "id": "9329903", "text": "2012 comedy film starring, and written and directed by Heidecker and Wareheim. Supporting actors include Zach Galifianakis, Will Ferrell, Jeff Goldblum, John C. Reilly, Erica Durance, and Will Forte, Bob Ross, many of whom guest-starred on Awesome Show. It was released in theaters on March 2, 2012, and was released to iTunes and on-demand January 27, 2013. Adult Swim picked up \"Tim and Eric's Bedtime Stories\" after the pilot episode aired as a Halloween special on October 31, 2013, with a seven-episode season debuting on September 18, 2014. The series, which aired an additional two episodes in 2015, is an", "title": "Tim & Eric" }, { "id": "4202419", "text": "with US born, Italian multi instrumentalist and songwriter Pietro Straccia to form a new psychedelic, pop, electronic duo Elettrodomestico. Their debut album, \"If You're A Boy Or A Girl\", was independently released on October 20, 2017. Wiedlin's early acting credits include a brief appearance as an officer seen on a Starfleet Command video screen in \"\" (1986, she is credited as Alien Communication Officer, but the script listed her as Officer Trillya), an ill-fated singing telegram girl in \"Clue\" (1985), the White Fairy in Golan-Globus's \"Sleeping Beauty\" (1987), and as Joan of Arc in \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" (1989).", "title": "Jane Wiedlin" }, { "id": "3175641", "text": "The Great White Hype The Great White Hype is a 1996 American sports comedy film directed by Reginald Hudlin. It stars Samuel L. Jackson, Peter Berg, Damon Wayans, Jeff Goldblum, Jon Lovitz, Cheech Marin, John Rhys-Davies, Salli Richardson and Jamie Foxx. The film is a satire of racial preferences in boxing, and was inspired by Larry Holmes's 1982 fight with Gerry Cooney (who was known as \"The Great White Hope\") and Mike Tyson's 1995 return fight vs. Peter McNeeley. The film was distributed by 20th Century Fox and released on May 3, 1996. James \"The Grim Reaper\" Roper (Damon Wayans),", "title": "The Great White Hype" }, { "id": "1875174", "text": "of 48 surveyed critics gave \"Bogus Journey\" a positive review; the average rating was 6/10. The film's consensus states: \"\"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\" has the same stars – and cheerfully wacky sense of humor – as its predecessor, but they prove a far less effective combination the second time around.\" Desson Howe of \"The Washington Post\" called it \"an entertaining, surreal journey\" that is \"funnier and livelier than the original.\" Janet Maslin of \"The New York Times\" called it \"amusing but sloppy and overcomplicated\". Roger Ebert gave the film 3 out of a possible 4 stars, writing, \"It's the", "title": "Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey" }, { "id": "5251736", "text": "Jason Sudeikis Daniel Jason Sudeikis ( ; born September 18, 1975) is an American comedian, actor, screenwriter and producer. In the 1990s, he began his career in improv comedy. He has also performed with ComedySportz and The Second City. In 2003, Sudeikis was hired as a sketch writer for \"Saturday Night Live\" and was a cast member from 2005 to 2013. He is best known for his roles in the films \"Horrible Bosses\" (2011), \"Hall Pass\" (2011), \"We're the Millers\" (2013), \"Horrible Bosses 2\" (2014), \"Colossal\" (2016), \"Mother's Day\" (2016) and \"The Angry Birds Movie\" (2016). Daniel Jason Sudeikis was", "title": "Jason Sudeikis" }, { "id": "15785930", "text": "to working in the entertainment industry, Cort earned BA and MA degrees in history from the University of Pennsylvania and an MBA from the Wharton School, and was a management consultant for McKinsey & Company. He lives in Beverly Hills, California, with his wife, Rosalie Swedlin, a manager of writers and directors. Robert W. Cort Robert W. Cort is an American film producer. Since 1985 he has produced forty-eight feature films which have grossed over 2.5 billion dollars in worldwide box office. These include \"Three Men and a Baby\", \"Cocktail\", \"Jumanji\", \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\", \"\", \"The Cutting Edge\",", "title": "Robert W. Cort" }, { "id": "13634132", "text": "became confused about who was who. In earlier drafts of the script, Rufus was 28 years old and historical figures Bill and Ted plucked from history included Charlemagne (whom they referred to as \"Charlie Mangay\"), Babe Ruth, and a non-famous medieval person called \"John the Serf\". John is listed in the credits. In a 1991 interview, co-writer Ed Solomon said the characters of Bill and Ted were originally envisaged as \"14-year-old skinny guys, with low-rider bell-bottoms and heavy metal T-shirts\" who were despised by the popular kids at school. Casting Reeves and Winter changed the filmmakers' images of the characters", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "17362435", "text": "Matheson and the brother of Ali Marie Matheson. He is a graduate of University of California, Los Angeles. Chris Matheson (screenwriter) Chris Matheson is an American film director and screenwriter. Matheson is best known for his collaborations with fellow screenwriter Ed Solomon, together creating the \"Bill & Ted\" franchise, writing the two films \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" and \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\". Together they also wrote the films \"Mom and Dad Save the World\" and \"Imagine That\". His 2015 book \"\" is an alternative interpretation of the Christian Bible as seen through the eyes of an atheist. He", "title": "Chris Matheson (screenwriter)" }, { "id": "13634150", "text": "1980s California, can only communicate with his abductors by gesturing and gurning – since Bill and Ted, it goes without saying, speak not a word of ancient Greek. Even the miracle of time travel, it appears, cannot serve to alter what is, for any historian, a most awkward fact: that it is impossible to be certain of what Socrates actually said. Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure is a 1989 American science fiction comedy film directed by Stephen Herek and written by Chris Matheson and Ed Solomon. It stars Alex Winter, Keanu Reeves, and George Carlin.", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "3231095", "text": "execution order was given at 6:07 a.m. PDT, and Harris died at 6:21 a.m. PDT. His body was removed from the chamber at 7:00 a.m. and was taken to a funeral home at 8:15 a.m. Harris' execution is specifically remembered for his choice of final words (recorded by Warden Daniel Vasquez): \"You can be a king or a street sweeper, but everybody dances with the grim reaper.\" It was the subject of a 1995 Dutch documentary film, \"Procedure 769, witness to an execution\". This line was also used in the 1991 film 'Bill and Teds Bogus Journey' before being said", "title": "Robert Alton Harris" }, { "id": "4406938", "text": "man at age 13 while he was acting on Broadway. Alex Winter Alexander Ross Winter (born July 17, 1965) is a British-American actor, film director and screenwriter, best known for his role as Bill S. Preston, Esq. in the 1989 film \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" and its 1991 sequel \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\". He is also well known for his role as Marko in the 1987 vampire film \"The Lost Boys\", and for co-writing, co-directing and starring in the 1993 film \"Freaked\". Winter was born in London, England, to mother Gregg Mayer, a New York-born American who was", "title": "Alex Winter" }, { "id": "15454256", "text": "1.7 million in Colombia. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 68% based on 211 reviews with an average rating of 6.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"\"Ted\"s \"romance versus bromance\" plot is familiar, but the film's held aloft by the high-concept central premise and a very funny (albeit inconsistent) script.\" On Metacritic, the film has a score of 62 out of 100 based on 37 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"A-\" on an A+ to F scale. Roger Ebert gave the film three-and-a-half stars out", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "13634141", "text": "Rufus. \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" grossed $40.4 million domestically on a budget of about $10 million. \"The Washington Post\" gave the film a negative review, finding the script written by Chris Matheson and Ed Solomon as \"made only the sketchiest attempts to draw their historical characters. They exist as foils and nothing else, and the gags that are hung on them are far from first-rate\", and that if director \"Stephen Herek, has any talent for comedy, it's not visible here. More than anything, the picture looks paltry and undernourished.\" \"Variety\" wrote about each historical figure that Bill & Ted", "title": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure" }, { "id": "16398277", "text": "Christopher Cousins Christopher Cousins (born September 27, 1960) is an American actor who has been acting mainly in television since 1986. He is best known for playing conman Cain Rogan in forty-one episodes on the soap opera \"One Life to Live\" in the early and mid-1990s. Between 2009 and 2013, he played Ted Beneke in thirteen episodes of the AMC series \"Breaking Bad\". In 2013 and 2014, he played Victor Doyle in seven episodes of the NBC series \"Revolution\". Notable film roles include David Williams in \"Untraceable\" (2008), the villain Daniel in \"Wicker Park\" (2004), Bill in \"The Grudge 2\"", "title": "Christopher Cousins" }, { "id": "15454259", "text": "to make a sequel to \"Ted\" \"as soon as possible\". On \"Anderson Live\", Wahlberg confirmed that a sequel was in the works and that it would be the first sequel in his career, while also revealing that he and Ted (as voiced by MacFarlane) would appear at the 85th Academy Awards. In February 2014, \"Deadline\" reported that Amanda Seyfried had been cast as the female lead, and that Kunis would not return. On July 8, MacFarlane announced that work had officially begun on the sequel. \"Ted 2\" was released in the US on June 26, 2015. Ted (film) Ted is", "title": "Ted (film)" }, { "id": "18241276", "text": "taste.\" Inferno (2016 film) Inferno is a 2016 American action mystery thriller film directed by Ron Howard and written by David Koepp, based on the 2013 novel of the same name by Dan Brown. The film is the sequel to \"The Da Vinci Code\" (2006) and \"Angels & Demons\" (2009), and is the third installment in the \"Robert Langdon\" film series. It stars Tom Hanks, reprising his role as Robert Langdon, alongside Felicity Jones, Omar Sy, Sidse Babett Knudsen, Ben Foster, and Irrfan Khan. Together with the previous film, it remains Hanks' only live-action sequel. Filming began on April 27,", "title": "Inferno (2016 film)" }, { "id": "1390001", "text": "Edward Norton Edward Harrison Norton (born August 18, 1969) is an American actor and filmmaker. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards for his work in the films \"Primal Fear\" (1996), \"American History X\" (1998) and \"Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)\" (2014). He also starred in other roles, such as \"The People vs. Larry Flynt\" (1996), \"Fight Club\" (1999), \"Red Dragon\" (2002), \"25th Hour\" (2002), \"Kingdom of Heaven\" (2005), \"The Illusionist\" (2006), \"Moonrise Kingdom\" (2012) and \"The Grand Budapest Hotel\" (2014). He has also directed and co-written films, including his directorial debut, \"Keeping the Faith\" (2000). He", "title": "Edward Norton" }, { "id": "5000108", "text": "in Screenwriting. He appeared alongside Julia Roberts and George Clooney in the 2016 film \"Money Monster\", directed by Jodie Foster. He also plays the male lead opposite Lindsey Shaw in the romantic comedy \"Temps\", which premiered at the Cinequest Film Festival in March 2016. Rosenmeyer was born in Manhasset, New York, the son of Debra and Colin Rosenmeyer. He grew up in Ridgefield, Connecticut and earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from New York University's Tisch School of the Arts in 2012. He currently resides in Los Angeles, California. Grant Rosenmeyer Grant Mandel Rosenmeyer (born July 3, 1991) is", "title": "Grant Rosenmeyer" }, { "id": "5986215", "text": "W. Earl Brown William Earl Brown (born September 7, 1963) is an American actor, writer, producer, and musician. He is perhaps best known for his role as Dan Dority on the HBO series \"Deadwood\". He also played Kenny in the 1996 film \"Scream\" and Warren in the 1998 film \"There's Something About Mary\". More recently, he voiced and filmed performance capture for the character Bill in Naughty Dog's 2013 survival horror action video game \"The Last of Us\". He also appeared in the series \"American Crime\" and \"Preacher\", and in the Johnny Depp true-crime film \"Black Mass\" (2015). Brown received", "title": "W. Earl Brown" }, { "id": "11638402", "text": "David Snyder David L. Snyder (born September 22, 1944) is a film and television production designer. He has worked as an art director, producer, and assistant director on films including \"Blade Runner\", \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\", \"The Whole Nine Yards\", and the television programs \"Buck Rogers in the 25th Century\" and \"Battlestar Galactica\". He was nominated for Academy Award for Best Art Direction for his work on \"Blade Runner\" at the 55th Academy Awards. The film won the BAFTA for Production Design in 1983. Snyder was born in Buffalo, New York and attended the Technical High School there where", "title": "David Snyder" } ]	who plays the grim reaper in bill and ted
[ "Colonel John Ewerekumoh Yeri" ]	[ { "id": "5535827", "text": "the state. The Mid-Western Region was a division of Nigeria from 1963 to 1991, formally known as Bendel state from 1976. It was formed in June 1963 from Benin and Delta provinces of the Western Region, and its capital was Benin City. It was renamed a province in 1966, and in 1967 when the other provinces were split up into several states, it remained territorially intact, becoming a state. During the Nigerian Civil War, the Biafran forces invaded the new Mid-Western state, en route to Lagos, in an attempt to force a quick end to the war. While under Biafran", "title": "Edo State" }, { "id": "6368924", "text": "Lucky Igbinedion Lucky Nosakhare Igbinedion (born 13 May 1957) was the governor of Edo State in Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 29 May 2007. He is a member of the People's Democratic Party (PDP). Lucky is a son of Gabriel Igbinedion, Esama of the Kingdom of Benin. He holds a BSc in marketing (1982) from the University of Wyoming, Laramie, and an MBA (1983) from Jackson State University, Mississippi, in the United States. Chief Igbinedion was appointed Mayor of Oredo Municipality (a local government area in Nigeria) in 1987 and held the position until 1989. In 1989, he was", "title": "Lucky Igbinedion" }, { "id": "19582036", "text": "2016 Edo State gubernatorial election The Edo State gubernatorial election was held on 28 September 2016 to determine the Governorof Edo State. The election was originally scheduled for 10 September, however two days before, on 8 September it was postponed due to security concerns. The incumbent governor, Adams Oshiomhole, was ineligible to run for a third consecutive term due to term limits established in the Fifth Amendment to the Nigeria Constitution. He was succeeded by Godwin Obaseki, who defeated PDP candidate Osagie Ize-Iyamu in the election. The Governor of Edo State is elected using the plurality voting system. In the", "title": "2016 Edo State gubernatorial election" }, { "id": "19850402", "text": "degree from Rutgers University Graduate School, New Jersey, USA. He worked at the United Nations between 1981 and 1982. He also served as Nigeria's Ambassador to Angola and Sweden, with accreditation to Norway, Denmark and the Republic of Finland. He was also Nigeria's Ambassador to Italy. Ewuare II chose his name as tribute to the 15th-century Ewuare I. Since his ascension to the throne, Ewuare II has worked closely with Godwin Obaseki, the governor of Edo State. Like many of his predecessors, he has unsuccessfully demanded that the spiritually and historically important Benin Bronzes that were stolen in 1897 by", "title": "Ewuare II" }, { "id": "13022427", "text": "BC; it has thus been unclear when, how and why Edom ceased to exist as a state, although many scholars point to scriptural references in the Bible, specifically the historical \"Book of Obadiah\", to explain this fact. Edom is mentioned in Assyrian cuneiform inscriptions in the form \"\"Udumi\"\" (𒌑𒁺𒈪) or \"\"Udumu\"\" (𒌑𒁺𒈬); three of its kings are known from the same source: Ḳaus-malaka at the time of Tiglath-pileser III (c. 745 BC), Malik-rammu at the time of Sennacherib (c. 705 BC), and Ḳaus-gabri at the time of Esarhaddon (c. 680 BC). According to the Egyptian inscriptions, the \"Aduma\" at times", "title": "Edom" }, { "id": "10992581", "text": "Edo people The Edo or Bini (from the word \"Benin\") people are an ethnic group primarily found in Edo State, and spread across the Delta, Ondo, and Rivers states of Nigeria. They speak the Edo language and are the descendants of the founders of the Benin Empire. They are closely related to other ethnic groups that speak Edoid languages, such as the Esan, the Afemai and the Owan. The name \"Benin\" (and \"Bini\") is a Portuguese corruption, ultimately from the word \"Ubinu\", which came into use during the reign of Oba Ewuare the Great, c. 1440. \"Ubinu\" was used to", "title": "Edo people" }, { "id": "18870044", "text": "under the platform of the United Nigeria Congress Party. Subsequent to the truncation of that transition programme, he was elected Deputy Governor of Edo State alongside Lucky Igbinedion on the platform of the People's Democratic Party, PDP and successfully served two terms from 1999 to 2007. In the course of service, he received several awards for his unalloyed loyalty and outstanding performance. In appreciation of his immense contributions to Edo State, the entire traditional rulers of the State unanimously conferred upon him the title of OLUETSENIGIE of Edo land. He remains the first and only Edo man to hold a", "title": "Mike Oghiadomhe" }, { "id": "14136885", "text": "Ambrose Folorunsho Alli Ambrose Folorunsho Alli (22 September 1929 – 22 September 1989) was a Nigerian medical professor who served as Executive Governor of the defunct Nigerian state of Bendel State (now the Nigerian states of Edo and Delta ) between 1979 and 1983. He was the first civilian governor. Ambrose Folorunsho Alli was born in Idoani, Ondo state on 22 September 1929. In his childhood he moved between Oka-Odo, Ekpoma, Owo, Efon-Alaye, Benin City and Asaba, where he completed his secondary education in 1948. He attended the School of Agriculture Ibadan (1948) and the School of Medical Technology, Adeoyo", "title": "Ambrose Folorunsho Alli" }, { "id": "5535829", "text": "because of its cosmopolitan tendencies. Benin City the capital has a history of being one of the foremost destinations of Europeans during their exploration of Africa continent many centuries ago. Some of the flash points have remained enviable tourists’ attraction for the state. The main ethnic groups in Edo State are: Edos, Afemais, Esans, Owans and Akoko Edos. Virtually all the groups traced their origin to Benin City hence the dialects of the groups vary with their distance from Benin City. The Bini speaking people who occupy seven out of the 18 Local Government Areas of the state constitute 57.54%", "title": "Edo State" }, { "id": "18870042", "text": "Mike Oghiadomhe Chief Mike Aiyegbeni Oghiadomhe (born 4 September 1955) was the Deputy Governor of Edo State, Nigeria from 1999 to 2007 and Chief of Staff to former Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan from 2011 to 2014. He was born in Fugar, in Etsako Central Local Government Area of present-day Edo State of Nigeria. He is a 1978 graduate of soil science from the University of Ibadan; a holder of an MBA degree from University of Benin (1982), currently a Doctoral student at the University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. In March 2011, he was awarded an honorary doctorate degree from the", "title": "Mike Oghiadomhe" }, { "id": "14131145", "text": "John Odigie Oyegun John Odigie Oyegun (born 12 August 1939) is a Nigerian politician who is serving as the first national chairman of All Progressives Congress (APC) in Nigeria. He was also the Executive Governor of Edo State between 1992 and 1993, during the aborted Nigerian Third Republic. John Odigie Oyegun was born on August 12, 1939, in Warri, Delta State to an Edo father and Urhobo mother from Agbarha Ughelli. He attended St. Patrick’s College, Asaba, and then went to the University of Ibadan where he obtained a bachelor's degree in Economics. He then served in various capacities as", "title": "John Odigie Oyegun" }, { "id": "14131146", "text": "a federal civil servant working as a development planner. Chief John Oyegun was elected as civilian governor of Edo State on the SDP platform, during the transition to democracy launched by General Ibrahim Babangida and served from January 1992 to November 1993. He was removed from office after General Sani Abacha seized power. Later, he became a leader of the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP). In 2009 he was chairman of the Technical Working Committee of CODER. On 13 June 2014 Odigie-Oyegun was elected as national chairman of the APC. Bola Tinubu of Lagos State, the APC national leader, is", "title": "John Odigie Oyegun" }, { "id": "6737522", "text": "the State's creation on 27 August 1991, Prof. Ambrose Folorunso Alli had governed Bendel State (1979–1983), making it the second Esan to govern Edo State. Unlike the Prof. Ambrose Alli mandate/victory, Prof. Osunbor's is widely believed to be mired in controversy of widespread irregularities by the ruling party in the State. Litigation is however on and the new governor has since 29 May 2007 been sworn in for a four-year term. On 20 March 2008, the Edo State Election Tribunal declared the former labour leader, Adams Oshiomhole, governor of Edo State. Following Prof. Osunbor's appeal, the Appeal Court's verdict of", "title": "Esan people" }, { "id": "5535828", "text": "occupation, the state was declared as the “Republic of Benin” as Nigerian forces were to retake the region. The republic collapsed a day after the declaration as Nigerian troops overtook Benin City. Edo State was formed on August 27, 1991 when Bendel State was split into Edo and Delta States. With Benin City as capital, the population of the entire state is approximately 8 million. It is made up of three major ethnic groups; namely Edo (Binis), Esan and Afemai (Owan/Etsako) with Akoko Edo. However the State has a high presence of residents from across the country and the world", "title": "Edo State" }, { "id": "14034894", "text": "Samuel Ogbemudia Samuel Osaigbovo Ogbemudia (17 September 1932 – 9 March 2017) was a Nigerian army officer and politician. He was military Governor (1967–1975) of the Mid-West State, later renamed Bendel State, part of which in turn became Edo State. After the return to democracy in 1999, he became a power in the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). In September 2009, Governor Adams Oshiomhole of Edo state and others attended his 77th birthday celebration in Benin. Osaigbovo Ogbemudia was born in Benin City on September 17, 1932, he was named after his grandfather. In Edo language, the name Ogbemudia can be", "title": "Samuel Ogbemudia" }, { "id": "5535826", "text": "Edo State Edo is a state in Nigeria. With Benin City as capital, the population of the entire state is approximately 8 million people. It is made up of 3 major ethnic groups; namely the Edo's In Benin, Esan, Owan, and Etsako. However the State has a high presence of residents from across the country and the world because of its cosmopolitan tendencies. Benin City the capital has a history of being one of the foremost destinations of Europeans during their exploration of the African continent many centuries ago. Some of the flash points have remained enviable tourists’ attractions for", "title": "Edo State" }, { "id": "1424285", "text": "of \"shōgun\" helped consolidate the alliance system. After further strengthening his power base, Ieyasu installed his son Hidetada (1579–1632) as \"shōgun\" and himself as retired \"shōgun\" in 1605. The Toyotomi were still a significant threat, and Ieyasu devoted the next decade to their eradication. In 1615, the Tokugawa army destroyed the Toyotomi stronghold at Osaka. The Tokugawa (or Edo) period brought 250 years of stability to Japan. The political system evolved into what historians call \"bakuhan\", a combination of the terms \"bakufu\" and \"han\" (domains) to describe the government and society of the period. In the \"bakuhan\", the \"shōgun\" had", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "6368926", "text": "counts of financial fraud. This concerns allegations that he embezzled 24 million (£12m) using front companies. He handed himself over later that month. The Benin Youth Council asked for an apology for statements implying he ran away from justice. Official website Lucky Igbinedion Lucky Nosakhare Igbinedion (born 13 May 1957) was the governor of Edo State in Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 29 May 2007. He is a member of the People's Democratic Party (PDP). Lucky is a son of Gabriel Igbinedion, Esama of the Kingdom of Benin. He holds a BSc in marketing (1982) from the University of", "title": "Lucky Igbinedion" }, { "id": "19582038", "text": "of 19 candidates registered with the Independent National Electoral Commission. APC candidate Obaseki won the election with 52% of the vote to PDP candidate Ize-Iyamu's 41%. The total number of registered voters in the state was 1,900,233 while 622,039 voters were accredited. Voter turnout was 613,244 and the difference in total votes won between the two major candidates was 66,310. 2016 Edo State gubernatorial election The Edo State gubernatorial election was held on 28 September 2016 to determine the Governorof Edo State. The election was originally scheduled for 10 September, however two days before, on 8 September it was postponed", "title": "2016 Edo State gubernatorial election" }, { "id": "13022431", "text": "and the name of his city was Avith. And Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah ruled in his place. And Samlah died, and Saul of Rehoboth on the river ruled in his place. And Saul died, and Baal-hanan ben Achbor ruled in his place. And Baal-hanan ben Achbor died, and Hadar ruled in his place, and the name of his city was Pau, and his wife's name was Mehetabel bat Matred bat Mezahab. And these are the names of the clans of Esau by their families, by their places, by their names: clan Timnah, clan Alvah, clan Jetheth, clan Aholibamah,", "title": "Edom" }, { "id": "3031197", "text": "family, built Edo Castle in 1457. The castle later came under the control of the Later Hōjō clan in 1524 after the Siege of Edo. The castle was vacated in 1590 due to the Siege of Odawara. Tokugawa Ieyasu made Edo Castle his base after he was offered eight eastern provinces by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He later defeated Toyotomi Hideyori, son of Hideyoshi, at the Siege of Osaka in 1615, and emerged as the political leader of Japan. Tokugawa Ieyasu received the title of \"Sei-i Taishōgun\" in 1603, and Edo became the center of Tokugawa's administration. Initially, parts of the area", "title": "Edo Castle" }, { "id": "14128780", "text": "Anthony Onyearugbulem Anthony Ibe Onyearugbulem (1955–2002) was a Nigerian navy captain who served as Military Administrator of Ondo State (August 1996 - August 1998) during the military regime of General Sani Abacha. He then became Military Administrator of Edo State in August 1998, handing over power to the civilian governor Lucky Igbinedion in May 1999. Anthony Ibe Onyearugbulem was born on 9 July 1955 in Owalla Avuvu in Ikeduru, Imo State. He was educated at St. Columbia's Secondary School, Amaimo (1970–1972) and Enyiogugu High School, Mbaise (1972–1974). He joined the navy and was commissioned on July 1, 1978. Anthony Onyearugbulem", "title": "Anthony Onyearugbulem" }, { "id": "6368925", "text": "voted the Best Mayor in Nigeria and received an Award for his developmental efforts. Lucky Nosakhare Igbinedion was elected governor of Edo State in April 1999 and was reelected in 2003. He and his deputy, Mike Oghiadomhe, held office from 29 May 1999 to 29 May 2007. During the period of his governorship, he was elected by his colleagues as Chairman of the Nigerian Governors' Forum. His wife, Eki Igbinedion, was active against the widespread sex trafficking of women from Edo State to Europe. In January 2008 he was declared wanted by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission on 142", "title": "Lucky Igbinedion" }, { "id": "14034907", "text": "month later, Ogbemudia praised Oshiomhole's accomplishments in his first year of office, leading to speculations of a possible political alliance between the two men. Samuel Ogbemudia Samuel Osaigbovo Ogbemudia (17 September 1932 – 9 March 2017) was a Nigerian army officer and politician. He was military Governor (1967–1975) of the Mid-West State, later renamed Bendel State, part of which in turn became Edo State. After the return to democracy in 1999, he became a power in the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). In September 2009, Governor Adams Oshiomhole of Edo state and others attended his 77th birthday celebration in Benin. Osaigbovo", "title": "Samuel Ogbemudia" }, { "id": "2408397", "text": "The young boy went on to become the first legitimate ruler of the second Edo dynasty that has ruled what is now Benin from that day to this. Oranmiyan later went on to found the Oyo Empire that stretched at its height from the western banks of the river Niger to the Eastern banks of the river Volta. It would serve as one of the most powerful of Africa's medieval states, prior to its collapse in the 19th century. The Oòni (or king) of Ife is a descendant of the godking Oduduwa, and is counted first among the Yoruba kings.", "title": "Ife" }, { "id": "9495540", "text": "Esigie Oba Esigie was an Oba (king) of Benin who ruled the ancient Benin Kingdom, now Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria (c.1504 – c.1550). Works of art commissioned by Esigie are held in prominent museums including the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the British Museum. At the time of his father Oba Ozolua's death, Esigie controlled Benin City and his brother Arhuaran controlled Udo, a town about northwest of Benin City that was nearly its equal in size and influence. Following a bitter power struggle with Aruaran, and with major assistance and support from his mother Queen Idia, Esigie became", "title": "Esigie" }, { "id": "14900426", "text": "Erediauwa Erediauwa (22 June 1923 – 2016) was the 39th Oba of Benin, traditional ruler of the Edo people in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Formerly known as Prince Solomon Akenzua, Oba Erediauwa's full title was \"His Royal Majesty Omo n'Oba n'Edo Uku Akpolokpolo Erediauwa I\". He was succeeded by Ewuare II. Oba Erediauwa took on the title and duties as traditional head of state and rightful heir of the extinct Benin Empire when he was crowned, succeeding his father, Oba Akenzua II, in a ceremony held in Benin City, Nigeria, on 23 March 1979. Erediauwa was born on 22", "title": "Erediauwa" }, { "id": "6737523", "text": "11 November 2008 finally laid to rest the gubernatorial dispute, as the five-man panel declared Comrade Adams Aliu Oshiomhole winner and governor of Edo State. The diminutive but vocal and resilient Etsako indigene was thereafter sworn in as governor on 12 November 2008 in a well attended ceremony at the Ogbemudia Stadium, Benin City. Esan Day is celebrated at the Tafawa Balewa square, Lagos every December. During the occasions names of prominent Esan figures are read to loud ovation. Esan folktales and folklore, like the \"igbabonẹlimhin\" and \"akhuẹ\", serve as forms of learning and entertainment. The Esan have prominent traditional", "title": "Esan people" }, { "id": "13022438", "text": "reference to Idumaea in that passage is an error altogether. Judas Maccabeus conquered their territory for a time around 163 BC. They were again subdued by John Hyrcanus (c. 125 BC), who forcibly converted them, among others, to Judaism, and incorporated them into the Jewish nation. Antipater the Idumaean, the progenitor of the Herodian Dynasty along with Judean progenitors, that ruled Judea after the Roman conquest, was of mixed Edomite/Judean origin. Under Herod the Great, the Idumaea province was ruled for him by a series of governors, among whom were his brother Joseph ben Antipater, and his brother-in-law Costobarus. Josephus,", "title": "Edom" }, { "id": "14041054", "text": "Adamu Atta Alhaji Adamu Atta (October 18, 1927 – May 1, 2014) was the first civilian governor of the Nigerian Kwara State during the Second Republic, representing the National Party of Nigeria (NPN). Adamu Atta was an indigene of Ebira land, in present Kogi State. Born in Okene in 1927, he was son of warrant chief Ibrahima Atta, whom the British granted wide powers under the Native Authority system, which undermined the traditional process for selection of a leader in the community. He became the first civilian governor of the state, representing the National Party of Nigeria (NPN), although he", "title": "Adamu Atta" }, { "id": "19423325", "text": "Godwin Obaseki Godwin Nogheghase Obaseki (born 1st July, 1959 in Benin City, Nigeria) is a Nigerian politician. He was sworn in as the governor of Edo State, Nigeria on 12 November, 2016. He was the Chairman of the Edo State Economic and Strategy Team inaugurated by former Governor Adams Oshiomole in March 2009. Obaseki holds post graduate degrees in both Finance and International Business, and is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Stock Brokers, Nigeria. Obaseki served as executive board member of several private companies including Afrinvest. Born in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Obaseki is the third child", "title": "Godwin Obaseki" }, { "id": "14900430", "text": "with the Benin Kingdom and Nigeria in general. Previously approached with apprehension by the public and media practitioners, the gates of the palace were opened, which normalised communication with the Oba's subjects through a quarterly press conference. Erediauwa Erediauwa (22 June 1923 – 2016) was the 39th Oba of Benin, traditional ruler of the Edo people in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Formerly known as Prince Solomon Akenzua, Oba Erediauwa's full title was \"His Royal Majesty Omo n'Oba n'Edo Uku Akpolokpolo Erediauwa I\". He was succeeded by Ewuare II. Oba Erediauwa took on the title and duties as traditional head", "title": "Erediauwa" }, { "id": "2115667", "text": "and raffia work. The original people and founders of the Ẹdo Empire and the Ẹdo people, initially were ruled by the Ogiso (Kings of the Sky) dynasty who called their land Igodomigodo. Igodo, the first Ogiso, wielded much influence and gained popularity as a good ruler. He died after a long reign and was succeeded by Ere, his eldest son. In the 12th century, a great palace intrigue and battle for power erupted between the warrior crown prince Ekaladerhan, son of the last Ogiso and his young paternal uncle. In anger over an oracle, Prince Ekaladerhan left the royal court", "title": "Benin City" }, { "id": "9985526", "text": "the 17th century. Sultan Quli Qutb Shah, founder of the dynasty, served the Bahmanis faithfully and in 1496 was appointed governor of Hyderabad State. In 1518, after the death of Mahmud Shah, his patron Quli Qutb Shah declared independence. In 1687, Aurangazeb invaded and annexed Golconda and appointed a Nizam (governor). The Mughal Nizams controlled Andhra for about 35 years. In 1707 Aurangazeb died, and the Mughal regime weakened and lost control of the provinces. This enabled the British East India Company and the French Compagnie des Indes Orientales to consolidate power in India. In a 1753 decree, Deccan subedar", "title": "History of Andhra Pradesh" }, { "id": "7991401", "text": "escape. Ogun then took the name Ewuare meaning \"the trouble has ceased\". Eventually, the honorific \"Ogidigan\" (the Great) was appended and he is often known as Ewuare Ogidigan or Ewuare the Great. The date for his rise to the throne is not precisely clear but is usually dated to 1440. To honor the slave that had sacrificed his life to save his, Ewuare also renamed the city to Edo (now Benin City). Ewuare is often considered a key state-reformer and crucial in many aspects of state formation in the Benin empire. He consolidated the power of the Oba, changed lineage", "title": "Ewuare" }, { "id": "14570004", "text": "Musa Usman Brigadier (air force) Musa Usman was the first governor of North-Eastern State, Nigeria from May 1967 to July 1975 after the state had been formed from part of Northern Region during the military regime of General Yakubu Gowon. Usman attended the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, England gaining his commission in 1962. Major Usman was a participant in the July 1966 coup when Major General Aguiyi Ironsi was overthrown, replaced by General Yakubu Gowon. Appointed governor of North-East State in May 1967, Usman initiated construction of the Ashaka cement factory, eventually opened on 19 July 1979 by Major-General Shehu", "title": "Musa Usman" }, { "id": "1424283", "text": "the Kamakura shogunate, which existed with the Tennō's court, to the Tokugawa, when the \"samurai\" became the unchallenged rulers in what historian Edwin O. Reischauer called a \"centralized feudal\" form of shogunate. Instrumental in the rise of the new-existing bakufu was Tokugawa Ieyasu, the main beneficiary of the achievements of Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Already powerful, Ieyasu profited by his transfer to the rich Kantō area. He maintained two million \"koku\" of land, a new headquarters at Edo, a strategically situated castle town (the future Tokyo), and also had an additional two million \"koku\" of land and thirty-eight vassals", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "6070004", "text": "Ughoton Ughoton (or Gwato) is a town in Nigeria's Edo State. According to Benin oral tradition, the town was reportedly founded as 'Iguekaladerhan' (the land of Ekaladerhan) by Ekaladerhan, the son of Owodo, the last Benin ogiso (monarch). At the time of Owodo's exile for misadministration, Ekaladerhan had fled Owodo, who wanted to sacrifice him to the gods. Reports of Ekaladerhan's location reached Owodo after he was spotted by hunters, and he send soldiers to capture him. When the arrived, Ekaladerhan was gone, and the soldiers and hunters remained where they were, forming the town of rather than returning to", "title": "Ughoton" }, { "id": "4021392", "text": "William Livingston (1723–1790), a signer of the United States Constitution and the 1st Governor of New Jersey. Livingston graduated from Yale College in 1731, and settled in New York City. Livingston's mother was the only child of his namesake, Pieter Van Brugh (1666–1740), the Mayor of Albany, New York from 1699 to 1700 and from 1721 to 1723. His grandfather's sister, Catharina Van Brugh, married Hendrick van Rensselaer, the son of Jeremias van Rensselaer, patroon of Rensselaerswyck. Livingston's maternal great-grandfather, Johannes Pieterse van Brugh (1624–1697), was one of the early settlers of New Netherland and was prominently connected with the", "title": "Peter Van Brugh Livingston" }, { "id": "1424336", "text": "was established at Edo; by the next year, the government was translating Western books. Opposition to Abe increased within \"fudai\" circles, which opposed opening \"bakufu\" councils to \"tozama daimyō\", and he was replaced in 1855 as chairman of the senior councilors by Hotta Masayoshi (1810–1864). At the head of the dissident faction was Tokugawa Nariaki, who had long embraced a militant loyalty to the emperor along with anti-foreign sentiments, and who had been put in charge of national defense in 1854. The Mito school—based on neo-Confucian and Shinto principles—had as its goal the restoration of the imperial institution, the turning", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "5535830", "text": "while others Esan (17.14%) Afemai compirising of Etsako (12.19%), Owan (7.43%), and Akoko Edo (5.70%). However, the Igbira speaking communities exist in Akoko Edo as well as Ijaw Izons, Urhobos, Itsekiris communities in Ovia North East and South West Local Government Areas especially in the borderlands. Also, Ika speaking communities exist in Igbanke in Orhionmwon LGA. A lot of communities and indeed the ruling dynasties in all the clans trace their roots to the ancient kingdom of Benin. Cultural similarities are in the areas of religious worships, folk-lore, dances, festivals, traditional modes of dressing, arts and craft. The political pattern", "title": "Edo State" }, { "id": "14563374", "text": "Action Congress (AC) party the winner. On November 11, 2008, a federal Appeal Court sitting in Benin City upheld the ruling of the state's elections petitions tribunal, declaring Oshiomole to be the Governor of Edo State. The decision was based on several voting irregularities. Oserheimen Osunbor is happily married with six children. He is a Christian of the Anglican denomination and a Knight of Saint Christopher Oserheimen Osunbor Oserheimen Osunbor, (born 5 October 1951), is a Nigerian lawyer and politician who was a Senator of the Federal Republic of Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 29 May 2007 and the", "title": "Oserheimen Osunbor" }, { "id": "14152627", "text": "Kingdom of Benin The Kingdom of Benin, also known as the Benin Kingdom, was a pre-colonial kingdom in what is now southern Nigeria. Its capital was Edo, now known as Benin City in Edo state. It should not be confused with the modern-day Republic of Benin, formerly the Republic of Dahomey. The Benin Kingdom was \"one of the oldest and most highly developed states in the coastal hinterland of West Africa, dating perhaps to the eleventh century CE\", until it was annexed by the British Empire in 1897. The original people and founders of the Benin Kingdom, the Edo people,", "title": "Kingdom of Benin" }, { "id": "14461059", "text": "with its capital at Umoghumwun has been traced to Prince Idu, the eldest son of Oba Eweka I.\" Eseohe Arhebamen is the oldest of five siblings and frequently played a parental role in their upbringing. At the age of seven Eseohe's family immigrated to the United States and settled in Detroit, Michigan. At age 17 she enrolled in the University of Michigan at the Residential College. Although strongly encouraged to pursue medicine as a career path, Eseohe instead followed her passion for poetry, language and the arts. As an undergraduate student Eseohe focused on literary means and performance as a", "title": "Edoheart" }, { "id": "5535832", "text": "per square kilometers. Edo State consists of eighteen (18) Local Government Areas. They are: English is the official language of the state. The major tribal languages spoken in the state are Igarra, Edo, Etsako/Afemai, Esan and Okpamheri. Edo State is home to several ethnicities, among them the Edo, Okpe, Esan, Afemai/Etsako, Ora, Akoko-Edo, Igbanke, Emai, and Ijaw. Tourist attractions in Edo State include the Emotan Statue in Benin City, Ise Lake and River Niger Beach in Agenebode, Etsako-East; Mike Akhigbe Square at fugar, Ambrose Alli Square, Ekpoma, River Niger Beaches at Ilushi, BFFM Building at Ewu, College of Agriculture and", "title": "Edo State" }, { "id": "14131016", "text": "John Ewerekumoh Yeri John Ewerekumoh Yeri was a Nigerian soldier who served as Governor of Bendel State between 1990 and 1991, and then continued as governor of Edo State until January 1992 after Bendel State was split into Edo State and Delta State. He was military governor during the administration of General Ibrahim Babangida, and handed over to an elected civilian governor in January 1992. In a speech in December 1991, he said that the Military Administration held traditional rulers in high esteem, and expected them to enlighten their subjects about Government policies and programs at the grass root level.", "title": "John Ewerekumoh Yeri" }, { "id": "5535833", "text": "Aqua Culture Technology, Agenebode, Okpekpe with its hills and scenes and the Usomege Hills at Apana-Uzairue, Somorika hills in Akoko Edo, where a government-run tourist center at Ososo is set among spectacular scenery. The state produces crude oil. and other mineral resources like limestone and quarry. The Edojobs initiative was launched in 2016 as part of Governor Godwin Obasekis promise to create 200,000 new jobs in the region. Edo State Edo is a state in Nigeria. With Benin City as capital, the population of the entire state is approximately 8 million people. It is made up of 3 major ethnic", "title": "Edo State" }, { "id": "13930482", "text": "the 1st of Agbede, who was not educated, but was assumed or endowed with the knowledge of various Languages who was also the first Muslim King in the area now known as Edo State, could speak many languages even though he had no schooling in these tongues. It is said that he began to pray and act like a Muslim, years before he came across Nupe and Hausa mallams in his community. Oba Momodu the 1st who ruled from 1890-1912 was unique in many ways, so say the accounts. He was the Oba of Agbede in Edo State, and could", "title": "Etsako West" }, { "id": "10080332", "text": "Ogbidi Okojie Ogbidi Okojie, Onojie (king) of Uromi (1857 – February 3, 1944), was a ruler of the Esan people in what is now Edo State in Nigeria, still remembered for his opposition to British rule. According to Uromi lore, he was born in the seventh month of gestation, coming 14th in the line of succession to the Uromi throne. As an African monarch, he believed in his divine right to wield absolute power. Those beliefs motivated his opposition to British Rule, which led to his first exile to Calabar in 1900. In Nigeria, at the end of the nineteenth", "title": "Ogbidi Okojie" }, { "id": "4091591", "text": "for two terms on the Governing Body of the International Labour Organization (ILO), serving on the committee on Freedom of Association. He was also a member of the Executive Board of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions. In April 2007, Adams Oshiomhole ran for Governor of Edo State under the Action Congress Party, with which his Labour Party had entered a strategic alliance. Oserheimen Osunbor of the People's Democratic Party (PDP) was declared the winner. However, the AC contested the election on the basis of various irregularities. On 20 March 2008, an Edo State election tribunal nullified the election", "title": "Adams Oshiomhole" }, { "id": "13501689", "text": "the Esama's sons, Lucky, was a two-term Local Government Chairman and two-term Governor of Edo State, another, Charles, was a Local Government Chairman and one time Edo State Commissioner of Education, while yet another, Peter, was the Managing Director of Nigerian Aviation Authority.Esama's daughter, Omosede is in the House of Representatives for Edo State. Gabriel Igbinedion Gabriel Osawaru Igbinedion is the Esama of the Benin Kingdom in Nigeria. The title \"Esama\" traditionally means the \"Son of the people\", with responsibilities including assisting the poor in medial, monetary and private venture forms. He was suspended from participating in palace activities in", "title": "Gabriel Igbinedion" }, { "id": "11641126", "text": "Edo people of the west Niger area were run by a group of local chieftains, but by the 15th century a single ruler known as the 'oba' had asserted control, creating the Kingdom of Dahomey. Under the dynasty established by Ewuare the Great, the most famous of the obas, Dahoney's territory expanded to cover a region between the Niger River delta and what is now the Nigerian city of Lagos. The obas brought great prosperity and a highly organized state to Benin. They also established good relations and an extensive slave trade with the Portuguese and Dutch who arrived from", "title": "French Dahomey" }, { "id": "1424308", "text": "again between 1787 and 1793 by the shogun's chief councilor Matsudaira Sadanobu (1759-1829). Others shoguns debased the coinage to pay debts, which caused inflation. By 1800, the commercialization of the economy grew rapidly, bringing more and more remote villages into the national economy. Rich farmers appeared who switched from rice to high-profit commercial crops and engaged in local money-lending, trade, and small-scale manufacturing. Some wealthy merchants sought higher social status by using money to marry into the samurai class. A few domains, notably Chōsū and Satsuma, used innovative methods to restore their finances, but most sunk further into debt. The", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "14929155", "text": "Hadım Suleiman Pasha Hadım Suleiman Pasha (; ; 1467 – September 1547) was an Ottoman statesman and military commander. He was the (viceroy) of Ottoman Egypt in 1525–1535 and 1537–1538, and Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire between 1541 and 1544. He was a Hungarian eunuch, his epithet \"hadım\" meaning \"eunuch\" in Turkish. As governor of Egypt, he was ordered by the sultan on an expedition to the Indian Ocean, where he led the capture of Aden and the Siege of Diu in 1538. Suleiman Pasha was a benefactor of his long-serving successor for Egyptian governorship, Davud Pasha (served 1538–1549),", "title": "Hadım Suleiman Pasha" }, { "id": "6597433", "text": "that the commander of his garrison, Ōta Suketaka, had betrayed him and opened the gates to the Hōjō. This battle would mark the beginning of a seventeen-year struggle between the Hōjō and Uesugi clans for dominance of the Kantō. Siege of Edo In the 1524 Siege of Edo, also known as the , the Hōjō, led by Hōjō Ujitsuna, besieged Edo castle, which was held by Uesugi Tomooki. Though Edo has since become the Japanese metropolis of Tokyo, it was then a more or less insignificant fishing village in the Kantō region. Eager to repel the attackers, Uesugi Tomooki led", "title": "Siege of Edo" }, { "id": "1424297", "text": "inner conflict, the first goal of the newly established Tokugawa government was to pacify the country. It created a balance of power that remained (fairly) stable for the next 250 years, influenced by Confucian principles of social order. Most samurai lost their direct possession of the land: the \"daimyō\" took over their land. The samurai had a choice: give up their sword and become peasants, or move to the city of their feudal lord and become a paid retainer. Only a few land samurai remained in the border provinces of the north, or as direct vassals of the \"shōgun\", the", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "1424338", "text": "sought imperial sanction. The court officials, perceiving the weakness of the \"bakufu\", rejected Hotta's request and thus suddenly embroiled Kyoto and the emperor in Japan's internal politics for the first time in many centuries. When the \"shōgun\" died without an heir, Nariaki appealed to the court for support of his own son, Tokugawa Yoshinobu (or Keiki), for \"shōgun\", a candidate favored by the \"shinpan\" and \"tozama daimyō\". The \"fudai\" won the power struggle, however, installing Tokugawa Yoshitomi, arresting Nariaki and Keiki, executing Yoshida Shōin (1830–1859), a leading \"sonnō-jōi\" intellectual who had opposed the American treaty and plotted a revolution against", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "20884678", "text": "Izevbokun Oshodin Izevbokun Oshodin (also Izevbokun Osodin) (circa 1850-1929) was a chief in the ancient Kingdom of Benin in present day Edo State of Nigeria. He was one of the loyal lieutenants of Oba (king) Ovonramwen, the exiled ruler of Benin who worked with the British colonial authorities to administer what was left of the ancient kingdom of Benin after the Benin Massacre and the subsequent military operation against Benin that destroyed most of the city in 1897. He was first appointed a Warrant Chief and member of the Native Council constituted by the new British Resident.. He was later", "title": "Izevbokun Oshodin" }, { "id": "13989811", "text": "should be cleaned. Also, a sign board containing the details about the size of canon mentioning it as ‘the longest canon in the world is required. The Bahmanis ruled over most of the Deccan until the late 15th and early 16th century, when the kingdom was divided into five independent states. The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb (1658–1707) captured the fort in the 17th century (1687) and appointed Asaf Jah I (\"Nizam-ul-Mulk\") as the Governor of the Deccan. In the early part of the 18th century, when Mughal Empire was declining, the Nizam became independent in 1724, and formed the Hyderabad State,", "title": "Gulbarga Fort" }, { "id": "20884680", "text": "and is located at the beginning of Sakponba Road near the busy King's Square in Benin City Izevbokun Oshodin Izevbokun Oshodin (also Izevbokun Osodin) (circa 1850-1929) was a chief in the ancient Kingdom of Benin in present day Edo State of Nigeria. He was one of the loyal lieutenants of Oba (king) Ovonramwen, the exiled ruler of Benin who worked with the British colonial authorities to administer what was left of the ancient kingdom of Benin after the Benin Massacre and the subsequent military operation against Benin that destroyed most of the city in 1897. He was first appointed a", "title": "Izevbokun Oshodin" }, { "id": "15242287", "text": "Benin City, Nigeria. In 1923 his first son was born Prince Solomon Aiseokhuoba Igbinoghodua Akenzua, whose chosen title was founded on the name Ere, relating to Oba Eresonye who is traditionally considered to be an incredibly wealthy Oba. Akenzua II Omo n'Oba n'Edo Uku Akpolokpolo, Akenzua II (January 7, 1899–June 11, 1978) was the Oba of Benin (traditional leader of the Edo people, in Nigeria) from 1933 until his death in 1978. Akenzua II was enthroned as Oba of Benin in April 1933 following the death of his father, Eweka II (r.1914 – 1933) in February that year. Oba Akenzua", "title": "Akenzua II" }, { "id": "1424339", "text": "the bakufu), and signing treaties with the United States and five other nations, thus ending more than 200 years of exclusion. Recently some scholars have suggested that there were more events that spurred this opening of Japan. From 1716 to 1745 Yoshimune (eighth Tokugawa \"shōgun\" from 1716–1745) started the first Kyōhō reforms in an attempt to gain more revenue for the government. In 1767, to 1786 Tanuma Okitsugu also initiated some unorthodox economic reforms to expand government income. This led his conservative opponents to attack him and take his position as he was forced from government in disgrace. Similarly, Matsudaira", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "10485084", "text": "to Nigerian Independence on the 1st day of October, 1960. Enahoro was survived by his wife Helen [née Ediae] (1933-2012), their five children, several grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Anthony Enahoro Chief Anthony Eromosele Enahoro (22 July 1923 – 15 December 2010) was one of Nigeria's foremost anti-colonial and pro-democracy activists. He was born the eldest of twelve children in Uromi in the present Edo State of Nigeria. His Esan parents were Anastasius Okotako Enahoro (1900-1968) and Fidelia Victoria Inibokun née Ogbidi Okojie (1906-1969). Enahoro has had a long and distinguished career in the press, politics, the civil service and the pro-democracy", "title": "Anthony Enahoro" }, { "id": "2020091", "text": "of that marriage, a girl, eventually succeeded to the throne of Japan to become Empress Meishō. The city of Edo was also heavily developed under his reign. In \"Genna\" 9 (1623) Hidetada resigned the government to his eldest son and heir, Tokugawa Iemitsu. Like his father before him, Hidetada became \"Ōgosho\" or retired \"shōgun\", and retained effective power. He enacted draconian anti-Christian measures, which Ieyasu had only considered: he banned Christian books, forced Christian \"daimyōs\" to commit suicide, ordered all other Christians to apostatize, and executed the fifty-five Christians (both Japanese and foreign) who refused to renounce Christianity or to", "title": "Tokugawa Hidetada" }, { "id": "6737521", "text": "strong, of the ‘’Igene’’ age group and a feared medicine man and man of valour. Typical Esan weapons would include the bow and arrow, crossbow, barbed cudgel and machete, in addition to Dane guns used after the fifteenth century. War would be declared if the kingdom was attacked, if a wife was seized, or if a man was killed (if the latter two occurred, the kingdom could choose to make reprisals.) The 14 April 2007 gubernatorial election in Edo State saw the emergence of Prof. Oserheimen Aigberadion Osunbor from Ekpoma as the next governor of Nigeria's 22nd largest state. Before", "title": "Esan people" }, { "id": "2115671", "text": "Portuguese as \"Benin\" in their own language. Around 1470, Ẹwuare changed the name of the state to Ẹdo. This was about the time the people of Ọkpẹkpẹ migrated from Benin City. Alternatively, Yorubas believe Oduduwa was from the Middle East and migrated from that area to the present Ile Ife. Because of his power and military might he was able to conqurer the enimies invading Ife city. That was why the people of Ile Ife made him the King or Oni of Ife city. In any case, it is agreed upon by both the Yoruba and Edos that Oduduwa sent", "title": "Benin City" }, { "id": "19342552", "text": "and proceeded to the Nigerian Law School, Lagos where he bagged the Bachelor of Law (BL). Osagie Ize-Iyamu is happily married to Pastor (Dr) Idia Ize-Iyamu, a Consultant Orthodontist with the University of Benin Teaching Hospital and a Senior Lecturer in the University of Benin. They are blessed with four children. Osagie Ize-Iyamu Osagie Ize-Iyamu is a Nigerian pastor, political figure, former chief of staff and secretary to the Edo state government. He is the gubernatorial nominee of the Edo state People's Democratic Party for the 2016 Edo state gubernatorial election. He was previously a member of the All Progressives", "title": "Osagie Ize-Iyamu" }, { "id": "14131147", "text": "thought to have played an important role in the decision. The choice of Oyegun, from the mostly Christian south of the country, is calculated to win both Christian and Moslem voters in the challenge to President Goodluck Jonathan's People's Democratic Party (PDP). John Odigie Oyegun John Odigie Oyegun (born 12 August 1939) is a Nigerian politician who is serving as the first national chairman of All Progressives Congress (APC) in Nigeria. He was also the Executive Governor of Edo State between 1992 and 1993, during the aborted Nigerian Third Republic. John Odigie Oyegun was born on August 12, 1939, in", "title": "John Odigie Oyegun" }, { "id": "16474488", "text": "Otegbeye began moving toward conservative positions and became a leading figure of the Yoruba Council of Elders. During the Sani Abacha regime, Otegbeye was active in the National Democratic Coalition (NADECO). Tunji Otegbeye died in Ilaro in 2009. After his death, many prominent personalities paid tribute to him, including former president Olusegun Obasanjo and the governors of the Ogun, Edo and Ekiti states. Tunji Otegbeye Jeremiah Olatunji Otegbeye (14 July 1925 – 9 October 2009) was a Nigerian politician, trade unionist and medical doctor. Otegbeye hailed from the Yewa community. Otegbeye was born in Ilaro, where he attended the Christ", "title": "Tunji Otegbeye" }, { "id": "14128783", "text": "Party (ANPP) platform. Later that year, Onyearugbulem died suddenly in a hotel room in Kaduna in somewhat mysterious circumstances. Anthony Onyearugbulem Anthony Ibe Onyearugbulem (1955–2002) was a Nigerian navy captain who served as Military Administrator of Ondo State (August 1996 - August 1998) during the military regime of General Sani Abacha. He then became Military Administrator of Edo State in August 1998, handing over power to the civilian governor Lucky Igbinedion in May 1999. Anthony Ibe Onyearugbulem was born on 9 July 1955 in Owalla Avuvu in Ikeduru, Imo State. He was educated at St. Columbia's Secondary School, Amaimo (1970–1972)", "title": "Anthony Onyearugbulem" }, { "id": "19342547", "text": "Osagie Ize-Iyamu Osagie Ize-Iyamu is a Nigerian pastor, political figure, former chief of staff and secretary to the Edo state government. He is the gubernatorial nominee of the Edo state People's Democratic Party for the 2016 Edo state gubernatorial election. He was previously a member of the All Progressives Congress (APC). He was the National vice-chairman, South-South Zone of the defunct Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN). He served as Director General of Adams Oshiomhole's 2nd term Campaign Organisation. He was also the Coordinator of Goodluck/Sambo Campaign Organisation. Recently, he was honoured by the Benson Idahosa University with an honorary doctorate", "title": "Osagie Ize-Iyamu" }, { "id": "1424282", "text": "Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when Japanese society was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional \"daimyō\". The period was characterized by economic growth, strict social order, isolationist foreign policies, a stable population, \"no more wars\", and popular enjoyment of arts and culture. The shogunate was officially established in Edo on March 24, 1603, by Tokugawa Ieyasu. The period came to an end with the Meiji Restoration on May 3, 1868, after the fall of Edo. A revolution took place from the time of", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "1424286", "text": "national authority and the \"daimyō\" had regional authority. This represented a new unity in the feudal structure, which featured an increasingly large bureaucracy to administer the mixture of centralized and decentralized authorities. The Tokugawa became more powerful during their first century of rule: land redistribution gave them nearly seven million \"koku\", control of the most important cities, and a land assessment system reaping great revenues. The feudal hierarchy was completed by the various classes of \"daimyō\". Closest to the Tokugawa house were the \"shinpan\", or \"related houses\". They were twenty-three \"daimyō\" on the borders of Tokugawa lands, all directly related", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "1667924", "text": "P. B. S. Pinchback Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback (born Pinckney Benton Stewart May 10, 1837 – December 21, 1921) was an American publisher and politician, a Union Army officer, and the first African American to become governor of a U.S. state. A Republican, Pinchback served as the 24th Governor of Louisiana from December 9, 1872, to January 13, 1873. He was one of the most prominent African-American officeholders during the Reconstruction Era. Pinchback was born free in Macon, Georgia to a mulatto woman and a white planter. His father, William Pinchback, raised the younger Pinchback as his own son on", "title": "P. B. S. Pinchback" }, { "id": "14093659", "text": "Christian Onoh Christian Onoh, popularly known as CC Onoh, (27 April 1927 – 5 May 2009) was a Nigerian businessman and lawyer who became governor of Anambra State in 1983 at the end of the Nigerian Second Republic. He was also the father-in-law of Emeka Ojukwu. Onoh was born on 27 April 1927 in Enugu Ngwo, in coal country in what is now Enugu State. His father died when he was 8 years old and he was brought up by his cousin Donald Oji. Starting in the late 1940s, he worked as a contractor, then produce inspector and then livestock", "title": "Christian Onoh" }, { "id": "14134451", "text": "Ita David Ikpeme Ita David Ikpeme is a retired Nigerian airforce group captain who served as the first Governor of Ondo State (February 1976 – July 1978) after it was carved out of the old Western State during the military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo. Ita David Ikpeme obtained a Bachelor of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of London. During his tenure as Governor of Ondo State, he initiated road construction in Akure, the Ondo State capital. In December 1985 he was named as a suspect in a coup plot against the military regime of General Ibrahim", "title": "Ita David Ikpeme" }, { "id": "13136860", "text": "dictator General Sani Abacha, Alhaji Adeyemo continued to be politically active and assumed the status of a 'Godfather' owing to his sphere of influence across the political terrain and oligarchy. This was demonstrated by his unquestionable role in the political aspiration of Otunba Adeniyi Adebayo as first Governor elect, Ekiti State, under the platform of the Alliance for Democracy (Nigeria), in 1999. A shortlist of his political alliances includes Samuel Adekunle Ajasin JP, Alhaji Shehu Musa Yar'Adua, Alhaji Baba Gana Kingibe, Chief Olu Falae, General Adeyinka Adebayo, Evangelist Bamidele Olumilua, Olusegun Kokumo Agagu, Alhaji Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa, Pa Abraham Adesanya,", "title": "Alhaji Abdul Azeez Kolawole Adeyemo" }, { "id": "3227026", "text": "Edward Tiffin Edward Tiffin (June 19, 1766August 9, 1829) was a Democratic-Republican politician from Ohio, and first Governor of the state. Sources indicate that he was born in Carlisle; however he may have been born in or near Workington — also in the then county of Cumberland, England. Tiffin attended the Latin school in Carlisle, and became an apprentice to a student of medicine in 1778. Six years later he completed his apprenticeship. His family emigrated to Virginia in 1783, and he began practicing medicine at the age of seventeen. In 1789, he married Mary Worthington of Berkeley County, sister", "title": "Edward Tiffin" }, { "id": "19423331", "text": "Securities and Exchange Commission Committee on the Re-activation of the Nigerian Bond Market and the review of the Investment and Securities Act. Between 2006 and 2009, he served as a member of the Nigerian Stock Exchange Council. He is a Trustee of the Dr Jackson Owen Obaseki Foundation, a family-owned Non-Governmental Organization NGO. Since assuming duty as Executive Governor of Edo State on November 12, 2016, Mr. Godwin Nogheghase Obaseki has enacted projects with the aim of making the state an investment hub. Such projects, includes: Asides his infrastructural projects, he has also enacted a number of social development initiatives.", "title": "Godwin Obaseki" }, { "id": "132314", "text": "Edo , also romanized as Jedo, Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of Tokyo. It was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868. During this period, it grew to become one of the largest cities in the world and home to an urban culture centered on the notion of a \"floating world\". From the establishment of the Tokugawa \"bakufu\" headquarters at Edo, the town became the \"de facto\" capital and center of political power, although Kyoto remained the formal capital of the country. Edo grew from what had been a small,", "title": "Edo" }, { "id": "132307", "text": "Edo , also romanized as Jedo, Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of Tokyo. It was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868. During this period, it grew to become one of the largest cities in the world and home to an urban culture centered on the notion of a \"floating world\". From the establishment of the Tokugawa \"bakufu\" headquarters at Edo, the town became the \"de facto\" capital and center of political power, although Kyoto remained the formal capital of the country. Edo grew from what had been a small,", "title": "Edo" }, { "id": "2115948", "text": "Oba of Benin The Oba of Benin is the traditional ruler of the Edo people and all Edoid people and head of the historic Eweka dynasty of the Benin Empire - a West African empire centred on Benin City, in modern-day Nigeria. The ancient Benin homeland (not to be confused with the modern-day and unrelated Republic of Benin, which was then known as Dahomey) has been and continues to be mostly populated by the Edo (also known as the Bini or Benin ethnic group). The title of Oba was used after the Ogiso title and was created by Oranmiyan, Benin", "title": "Oba of Benin" }, { "id": "19686311", "text": "Yakubu Itua Justice Yakubu Itua (October 9, 1941 – August 8, 2006) was a Nigerian jurist and formal member of the federal House of Representatives in 1983. He was appointed a judge in the Edo state judiciary in 1999, by the then military governor of Edo state, Navy Captain Anthony Onyearugbulem with recommendation by the National Judiciary commission. Itua was born in Ewu a small town in Esan Central local government area of present-day Edo state. He attended St Patric's college Asaba Delta state. for his secondary school education.He briefly worked with the Nigerian Institute Of Oil Palm Research Benin.", "title": "Yakubu Itua" }, { "id": "10744176", "text": "Limited, Chairman / Managing Director Tamsaks Nigeria Limited and Chairman Bridgestone Finance Limited. He was honored with the Order of the Federal Republic (OFR). The University of Ilorin awarded him an Honorary Doctor of Law in 1998. He died in 2002. George Agbazika Innih George Agbazika Innih (25 September 1938 – 15 August 2002) was a Nigerian Army General and Statesman. He was the Military Governor of Bendel and Kwara States. George Agbazika Innih was born on September 25, 1938 at Agenebode, Etsako East Local Government Area (LGA) of Edo State. He was educated at catholic school, Akure, the Government", "title": "George Agbazika Innih" }, { "id": "1424344", "text": "1866. Finally, in 1867, Emperor Kōmei died and was succeeded by his underaged son Emperor Meiji. Tokugawa Yoshinobu reluctantly became head of the Tokugawa house and \"shōgun\". He tried to reorganize the government under the emperor while preserving the \"shōgun\"s leadership role. Fearing the growing power of the Satsuma and Chōshū \"daimyō\", other \"daimyō\" called for returning the \"shōgun\"s political power to the emperor and a council of \"daimyō\" chaired by the former Tokugawa \"shōgun\". Yoshinobu accepted the plan in late 1867 and resigned, announcing an \"imperial restoration\". The Satsuma, Chōshū, and other \"han\" leaders and radical courtiers, however, rebelled,", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "10080338", "text": "his people as Although he died many years ago, his legacy continues in many different parts of the world, from North America to Europe to Australia, where some of his grandchildren and great grandchildren currently reside. Ogbidi Okojie Ogbidi Okojie, Onojie (king) of Uromi (1857 – February 3, 1944), was a ruler of the Esan people in what is now Edo State in Nigeria, still remembered for his opposition to British rule. According to Uromi lore, he was born in the seventh month of gestation, coming 14th in the line of succession to the Uromi throne. As an African monarch,", "title": "Ogbidi Okojie" }, { "id": "11519789", "text": "was nominated for Governor on the first ballot (vote: Morton 532½, J. Sloat Fassett 69, Cornelius N. Bliss 40½, Stewart L. Woodford 40, Daniel Butterfield 29, Leslie W. Russell 20, James Arkell 1). Charles T. Saxton was nominated after receiving 340 votes on the first ballot (393 votes were cast for James W. Wadsworth, George W. Aldridge, George E. Green, Arthur C. Wade, Francis Hendricks, Henry J. Coggeshall, Albert D. Shaw and Azariah C. Brundage) and a few subsequent changes. Albert Haight was nominated for the Court of Appeals on the second ballot. The Democratic state convention met on September", "title": "1894 New York state election" }, { "id": "13051342", "text": "amass relatively large amounts of wealth but remained in the same class because of their association with the land. Wealthier families and those that held their own land and paid taxes were held in much higher regard and had more political influence in village matters. However, the survival of the village depended on every household cooperating to meet the tax burden and overcome natural disasters such as famines. During the reign of the third Tokugawa \"shōgun\", Iemitsu, farmers were not allowed to eat any of the rice they grew. They had to hand it all over to their daimyo and", "title": "Edo society" }, { "id": "7012384", "text": "Richard W. Leche Richard Webster Leche (May 17, 1898 – February 22, 1965) was an American attorney, judge, and politician, elected as the 44th Governor of the U.S. state of Louisiana. He served from 1936 until 1939, when he resigned. Convicted on federal charges of misuse of federal funds, Leche was the first Louisiana chief executive to be imprisoned. Richard Webster Leche was born in New Orleans, the son of Eustace Leche, a salesman, and the former Stella Eloise (Richard), a teacher. After attending local schools and graduating from Warren Easton High School, Leche entered Tulane University in 1916. His", "title": "Richard W. Leche" }, { "id": "1424296", "text": "which everyone knew their place and level of prestige. At the top were the Emperor and the court nobility, invincible in prestige but weak in power. Next came the shōgun, \"daimyō\" and layers of feudal lords whose rank was indicated by their closeness to the Tokugawa. They had power. The \"daimyō\" comprised about 250 local lords of local \"han\" with annual outputs of 50,000 or more bushels of rice. The upper strata was much given to elaborate and expensive rituals, including elegant architecture, landscaped gardens, Noh drama, patronage of the arts, and the tea ceremony. After a long period of", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "14658818", "text": "for the Ashikaga. Dokan built Edo Castle on the site. The Edo clan then moved to Kitami. In 1593, in a pledge of obedience to Tokugawa Ieyasu, Edo Katsutada changed the clan name to Kitami. Katsutada was employed by the first and second Tokugawa \"shōguns\", reaching the position of Magistrate of Sakai, south of Osaka. Katsutada's grandson-in-law, Shigemasa, found favor with the fifth \"shōgun\" Tokugawa Tsunayoshi. He rose from the position of hatamoto, with a stipend of one thousand koku, to sobayonin, or \"Grand Chamberlain\", with a stipend of twenty thousand. It was an influential post, responsible for relaying messages", "title": "Edo clan" }, { "id": "14464544", "text": "Igodomigodo Igodomigodo is the historical first name of the now fallen Benin Empire, as called by its own inhabitants (nowadays known as the Edo people of Nigeria). According to oral history of the Edo, Igodomigodo was the name of the kingdom as given by Igodo, the first \"ogiso\" (King). The \"ogiso\" era, started by Igodo, would be the first dynasty of what would later be known as the Benin Empire (which itself existed from around 1180 until 1897 in the area of the present-day Federal Republic of Nigeria (and remarkably not in the area of the unrelated, current Republic of", "title": "Igodomigodo" }, { "id": "14563371", "text": "Oserheimen Osunbor Oserheimen Osunbor, (born 5 October 1951), is a Nigerian lawyer and politician who was a Senator of the Federal Republic of Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 29 May 2007 and the Governor of Edo State of Nigeria from 29 May 2007 to 11 November 2008. Oserheimen Osunbor was born on 5 October 1951 in Iruekpen, Esan West Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. He attended P.T.T.C Demonstration Primary School Igueben from 1957 to 1962, then Anglican Grammar School Ujoelen Ekpoma from 1963 to 1968 and then obtained his sixth from at Holy Trinity Grammar School Sabongidaa-Ora Edo", "title": "Oserheimen Osunbor" }, { "id": "1424337", "text": "back of the West, and the founding of a world empire under the divine Yamato dynasty. In the final years of the Tokugawas, foreign contacts increased as more concessions were granted. The new treaty with the United States in 1859 allowed more ports to be opened to diplomatic representatives, unsupervised trade at four additional ports, and foreign residences in Osaka and Edo. It also embodied the concept of extraterritoriality (foreigners were subject to the laws of their own countries but not to Japanese law). Hotta lost the support of key \"daimyō\", and when Tokugawa Nariaki opposed the new treaty, Hotta", "title": "Edo period" }, { "id": "4091592", "text": "of Oserheimen Osunbor and declared Oshiomhole the winner. On 11 November 2008, a federal Appeal Court sitting in Benin City upheld the ruling of the state's elections petitions tribunal, declaring Oshiomole to be the Governor of Edo State. The decision was based on several voting irregularities. In 2012, he was elected to a second term, winning the elections in a massive landslide. He ended his tenure on November 12 2016. On 23 June 2018, Adams Oshiomhole emerged as the national chairman of the All Progressives Congress (APC) in Nigeria following a voice vote by delegates at the party National convention.", "title": "Adams Oshiomhole" }, { "id": "7991400", "text": "when he was young and who recognized him immediately in the chaos. Supporters of Uwaifaikon entered Edo's house and killed him trying to find Ohun who had hidden. Ogun then exited the house and gathered his supporters and was able to assert his right to the throne. In Egharevba's version, during a visit to the city during his exile, Ogun was taken in by a prominent chief who hid him in a dried well but then went to tell the authorities. The head slave of the chief, named Edo, let down a ladder into the well and advised Ewuare to", "title": "Ewuare" }, { "id": "18567611", "text": "Maleke Maleke Moye Idowu (born 14 February 1979) is a Nigerian comedian, Executive Director to Edo State Governor on Entertainment and the PMAN (Performing Musician Employers Association Of Nigeria) chairman Edo State Chapter musician, director, actor, and writer from Edo State, Nigeria. Maleke Moye Idowu was born in Benin City, where he attended Oguola primary school in Benin city. He attended secondary school at EdoKpolor Grammar school, and proceeded to Auchi Polytechnic, where he studied Business Administration. Maleke first performed comedy at the Nite of 1000 Laughs show, organized by Opa Williams. During that show, he worked alongside other comedians,", "title": "Maleke" }, { "id": "18870047", "text": "A Fellow of the Institute of Management (FNIM), he was elected Member of Council of NIM in 2006; where he served two terms. He is currently a member of the Board of Fellows of the Institute, a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Public Administrators of Nigeria and a Justice of Peace. Chief Oghiadomhe is a three-star Paul Harris Fellow and a Melvin Jones Fellow. He has over 30 traditional titles, spread over the entire spectrum of the federation of Nigeria. Mike Oghiadomhe Chief Mike Aiyegbeni Oghiadomhe (born 4 September 1955) was the Deputy Governor of Edo State, Nigeria from", "title": "Mike Oghiadomhe" }, { "id": "1445520", "text": "Warren Hastings Warren Hastings (6 December 1732 – 22 August 1818), an English statesman, was the first Governor of the Presidency of Fort William (Bengal), the head of the Supreme Council of Bengal, and thereby the first \"de facto\" Governor-General of India from 1773 to 1785. In 1787, he was accused of corruption and impeached, but after a long trial, he was acquitted in 1795. He was made a Privy Counsellor in 1814. Hastings was born in Churchill, Oxfordshire in 1732 to a poor father, Penystone Hastings, and a mother, Hester Hastings, who died soon after he was born. Despite", "title": "Warren Hastings" }, { "id": "14034905", "text": "In November 2007, at an enlarged meeting of the PDP at the Samuel Ogbemudia Stadium in Benin, Ogbemudia spoke strongly against proposals by Anthony Anenih to change existing zoning arrangement of offices, then walked out of the meeting. In December 2006, Ogbemudia expressed support for the presidential bid of Dr Mohammed Buba Marwa. On 20 March 2008, a tribunal nullified the election of Oserheimen Osunbor (PDP) as Edo State governor due to voting irregularities, and declared comrade Adams Oshiomhole of the Action Congress as the winner. In an interview in November that year, as a prominent member of the PDP", "title": "Samuel Ogbemudia" } ]	who is the first governor of edo state
[ "1754" ]	[ { "id": "11027227", "text": "Albany Plan The Albany Plan of Union was a plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin, then a senior leader (age 48) and a delegate from Pennsylvania, at the Albany Congress on July 10, 1754 in Albany, New York. More than twenty representatives of several Northern Atlantic colonies had gathered to plan their defense related to the French and Indian War, the front in North America of the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France, spurred on by Washington's recent defeat in the Ohio valley. The Plan represented one of multiple early", "title": "Albany Plan" }, { "id": "11027233", "text": "favor of more radical proposals. In the aftermath of the Revolutionary War, the Albany Plan of Union served as a precursor to the draft Articles of Confederation. Albany Plan The Albany Plan of Union was a plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin, then a senior leader (age 48) and a delegate from Pennsylvania, at the Albany Congress on July 10, 1754 in Albany, New York. More than twenty representatives of several Northern Atlantic colonies had gathered to plan their defense related to the French and Indian War, the front in North America", "title": "Albany Plan" }, { "id": "15254621", "text": "year all except Virginia and New Jersey attend, but Rhode Island and Connecticut attend in their stead. Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania presented what is now known as the Albany Plan of Union. The meeting, which took place at the corner of Broadway and Hudson Avenue, became known as the Albany Congress. Although it was never adopted by Parliament, it was an important precursor to the United States Constitution. One month later, fears of a war with France came true and new stockades are erected at Albany. Johannes Hansen is appointed mayor. During the French and Indian War, Albany was the", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "626421", "text": "Congress; Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania presented the Albany Plan of Union there, which was the first formal proposal to unite the colonies. Although it was never adopted by Parliament, it was an important precursor to the United States Constitution. The same year, the French and Indian War, the fourth in a series of wars dating back to 1689, began; it ended in 1763 with French defeat, resolving a situation that had been a constant threat to Albany and held back its growth. In 1775, with the colonies in the midst of the Revolutionary War, the \"Stadt Huys\" became home to", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "11027228", "text": "attempts to form a union of the colonies \"under one government as far as might be necessary for defense and other general important purposes.\" The Albany Congress discussed the plan. After a committee reviewed different plans offered by delegates, its members chose Franklin's plan with some small modifications. Benjamin Chew, then a young lawyer from Dover, Pennsylvania, served as secretary, and Richard Peters and Isaac Norris, both from Philadelphia, were among the members of this committee and the Pennsylvania delegation. It went beyond the original scope of the Congress, which was to develop a plan of defense related to near-term", "title": "Albany Plan" }, { "id": "15254604", "text": "presented the Albany Plan of Union there, which was the first formal proposal to unite the colonies. Although it was never adopted by Parliament, it was an important precursor to the United States Constitution. The same year, the French and Indian War, the fourth in a series of wars dating back to 1689, began; it ended in 1763 with French defeat, resolving a situation that had been a constant threat to Albany and held back its growth. In 1775, with the colonies in the midst of the Revolutionary War, the \"Stadt Huys\" became home to the Albany Committee of Correspondence", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "9695762", "text": "least 160 years (meaning a replacement structure would not have been needed until 1795 at the earliest), which is in disagreement with the idea that a new \"Stadt Huys\" was built in the 1740s. In 1754, the \"Stadt Huys\" was the site of the Albany Congress; Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania presented the Albany Plan of Union there. This was the first formal proposal to unite the British American colonies. The Plan of Union's original intention was to unite the colonies in defense against aggressions of the French to the north; it was not an attempt to become independent from the", "title": "Albany City Hall" }, { "id": "1821796", "text": "1754, the Albany Conference was held in Albany, New York. Twenty-one representatives of New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire attended the Congress. Secretaries of each colony represented also attended, including Benjamin Chew of the Pennsylvania delegation. These secretaries helped formulate the plan to unite the colonies as a unified force at the time of threat from France during the Seven Years' War, known in North America as the French and Indian War, which began that year. The Albany Plan of Union was one of the first attempts to unite the British colonies. Benjamin Franklin proposed", "title": "Benjamin Chew" }, { "id": "13004916", "text": "identical in content to the charter awarded to the city of New York three months earlier. \"Dongan\" created Albany as a strip of land wide and long. Over the years Albany would lose much of the land to the west and annex land to the north and south. At this point, Albany had a population of about 500 people. In 1754, representatives of seven British North American colonies met in the \"Stadt Huys\", Albany's city hall, for the Albany Congress; Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania presented the Albany Plan of Union there, which was the first formal proposal to unite the", "title": "History of Albany, New York" }, { "id": "1743976", "text": "Because of differences in threat, he attracted only the colonies as far south as Maryland. The Albany delegates spent most of their time debating Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of union to create a unified level of colonial government. The delegates voted approval of a plan that called for a union of 11 colonies, with a president appointed by the British Crown. Each colonial assembly would send 2 to 7 delegates to a \"grand council\" which would have legislative powers. The Union would have jurisdiction over Indian affairs. The plan was rejected by the colonies' legislatures, which were protective of their", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "9695756", "text": "hall was the \"Stadt Huys\", built by the Dutch at the intersection of Broadway and Hudson Avenue probably in the 1660s, though possibly earlier. It was probably replaced around 1740 with a larger building, which continued to be known as the \"Stadt Huys\". In 1754, the \"Stadt Huys\" was the location of the Albany Congress, where Benjamin Franklin presented the Albany Plan of Union, the first proposal to unite the British American colonies. In 1797 Albany was declared the state capital of New York and the New York Legislature made its home in Albany's city hall. In 1809 the Legislature", "title": "Albany City Hall" }, { "id": "1743978", "text": "unite the colonies exceeded the scope of the congress, which had been called to plan a defense against the French and Indian threat. The original plan was heavily debated by all who attended the conference, including the young Philadelphia lawyer Benjamin Chew. Numerous modifications were also proposed by Thomas Hutchinson, who later became Governor of Massachusetts. The delegates passed the plan unanimously. They submitted it with their recommendations, but the legislatures of the seven colonies rejected it, as it would have removed some of their existing powers. The plan was never sent to the Crown for approval, although it was", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "11027229", "text": "threats by France. The northern colonies were most concerned, as they shared a border with the French colony in Canada, but the mid-Atlantic colonies were also affected by differing loyalties of various Native American nations, usually related to their trading with France or Great Britain. The New England and northern tier colonies had long been subject to raiding from Canada during times of conflict. The Albany Plan was the first proposed unification of the colonies for the purposes of defense. The Plan called for a general government to be administered by a President General, to be appointed and supported by", "title": "Albany Plan" }, { "id": "1743975", "text": "that American colonial representatives met to discuss some manner of formal union. In the 17th century, some New England colonies had formed a loose association called the New England Confederation, principally for purposes of defense, as raiding was frequent by French and allied Indian tribes. In the 1680s, the British Government created the Dominion of New England as a unifying government on the colonies between the Delaware River and Penobscot Bay; it was dissolved in 1689. Jacob Leisler summoned an intercolonial congress which met in New York on 1 May 1690 to plan concerted action against the French and Indians.", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "1743979", "text": "submitted to the British Board of Trade, which also rejected it. The Plan of Union proposed to include all the British North American colonies, although none of the colonies south of Maryland sent representatives to the Albany Congress. (Note that the \"Lower Counties on the Delaware\" were then administered by Pennsylvania, and Georgia Colony was slow to start.) The plan called for a single executive (President-General) to be appointed by the King, who would be responsible for relations with the Indians, military preparedness, and execution of laws regulating various trade and financial activities. It called for a Grand Council to", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "20073451", "text": "included officials from both the colonies and from the Iroquois. The subject of the meeting referred to tensions between the British and the French and the prelude to the French and Indian Wars. At the meeting, residents of the city of Albany were able to come into contact with people from the rest of the colonies, which was an interesting experience for many citizens of the city. The result of the Congress was the Albany Plan of Union, which was the first attempt to create a unified government. The plan included 7 of the English colonies in North America. The", "title": "History of the Hudson River" }, { "id": "1743977", "text": "independent charters, and by the Colonial Office, which wanted a military command. Many elements of the plan were later the basis for the American government established by the Articles of Confederation of 1777 and the Constitution of 1787. Franklin speculated that the colonies might not have separated from England so soon had the 1754 plan been adopted. Benjamin Franklin said in 1789: The Congress and its Albany Plan have achieved iconic status as presaging the formation of the United States of America in 1776. It is often illustrated with Franklin's famous snake cartoon \"Join, or Die\". Benjamin Franklin's plan to", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "2582482", "text": "that greatly exceeded the scope of the congress. The delegates spent most of their time debating this Albany Plan of union, one of the first attempts to form a union of the colonies \"under one government as far as might be necessary for defense and other general important purposes\". The delegates approved an amended version, but the colonies rejected it. To counter the French militarily, the British established forts along Lake Ontario and at portages between the Mohawk Valley and the adjacent Lake Champlain and Lake Ontario watersheds. The region became the area for many conflicts of the French and", "title": "Upstate New York" }, { "id": "6818502", "text": "correspondent) Benjamin Franklin at the Albany Congress in July 1754 to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies. The Albany Plan went beyond the original scope of the Albany Congress, which was to develop a plan of defense for the French and Indian War. Although as a delegate to the Continental Congress Galloway was a moderate, when his Plan of Union (despite its removal of British Parliamentary sovereignty) was rejected, Galloway moved increasingly towards Loyalism. After 1778 he lived in Britain, where he acted as a leader of the Loyalist movement and an advisor to the government. Once Britain's", "title": "Galloway's Plan of Union" }, { "id": "46903", "text": "the \"Declaration of Independence\" between September 4, 1774, and July 4, 1776, were affiliated with the College. In 1753, both Harvard and Yale awarded him honorary degrees. In 1754, he headed the Pennsylvania delegation to the Albany Congress. This meeting of several colonies had been requested by the Board of Trade in England to improve relations with the Indians and defense against the French. Franklin proposed a broad Plan of Union for the colonies. While the plan was not adopted, elements of it found their way into the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. In 1756, Franklin received an honorary", "title": "Benjamin Franklin" }, { "id": "9695763", "text": "auspices of the British crown. Although it was never adopted by the British Parliament, it was an important precursor to the United States Constitution. A month prior to the meeting, Franklin published his \"Join, or Die\" political cartoon, an infamous graphical representation of the Plan of Union. During the Revolutionary War, city hall was home to the Albany Committee of Correspondence (the political arm of the local revolutionary movement), which took over operation of Albany's government in 1775 and eventually expanded its power to control all of Albany County (which at that time was the largest county in the colony,", "title": "Albany City Hall" }, { "id": "8065087", "text": "fight for the land west of the Appalachian Mountains. At that time, the colonists were divided on whether to fight the French and their Native-American allies for control of the land west of the Appalachian Mountains. It became a symbol for the need of organized action against an outside threat posed by the French and Native-Americans in the mid 18th century. Writer Philip Davidson states that Franklin was a propagandist influential in seeing the potential in political cartoons. Franklin had proposed the Albany Plan and his cartoon suggested that such a union was necessary to avoid destruction. As Franklin wrote:", "title": "Join, or Die" }, { "id": "1743980", "text": "be selected by the colonial legislatures, with the number of delegates to be apportioned according to the taxes paid by each colony. The colonial assemblies rejected the plan, although delegates forming the government after the Revolution incorporated some features in the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. Twenty-one representatives attended the Congress from New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire. New York Governor James DeLancey was host governor and Chairman. Peter Wraxall served as Secretary to the Congress. Delegates included: ‡ Indicates Members of the committee of the Plan of Union Albany Congress The Albany Congress", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "11027230", "text": "the Crown, and a Grand Council to consist of delegates nominated by (the lower houses of) the colonial assemblies. Under the plan, delegates from the colonies would be chosen roughly proportionate to colony size – from a minimum of two to a maximum of seven for Virginia - but each colony would have only one vote and decision making was by unanimous consensus. Proposed powers included treaty making, and raising army and naval forces; and, most significantly, included the right of taxation. After the larger group of delegates discussed their issues and objections, they resolved most of them and adopted", "title": "Albany Plan" }, { "id": "6818501", "text": "for three year terms.. Galloway's plan would have kept the British Empire together, while allowing the colonies to have some say over their own affairs, including the inflammatory issue of taxation. Galloway's plan was not accepted by the Congress. The appearance of the Suffolk Resolves at the Congress led to a polarization of discussion, with the radicals swiftly gaining the upper hand. Galloway's Plan of Union was narrowly defeated by a vote of six to five on October 27, 1774. The proposed Galloway Plan bore striking resemblance to the Albany Plan, a proposal by Galloway's fellow Pennsylvania delegate (and active", "title": "Galloway's Plan of Union" }, { "id": "19225438", "text": "Midwest, Congregationalists coming from New England had found themselves living next to Presbyterians originating primarily in the Middle Atlantic states such as New York and Pennsylvania. To form churches, the two groups had often combined their numbers, and at the beginning the century both denominations had agreed on a Plan of Union to facilitate this. However, doctrinal differences between the two, particularly in light of a widening schism among the Presbyterians themselves, had resulted in charges of heresy and revocations of support for some newer synods in Western New York and Ohio. The implementation of the Plan of Union had", "title": "First Congregational Church of Albany" }, { "id": "470002", "text": "Washington, which benefited the American cause during the Revolution. Also, colonial legislatures and officials had to cooperate intensively in pursuit of the continent-wide military effort. The relations were not always positive between the British military establishment and the colonists, setting the stage for later distrust and dislike of British troops. At the 1754 Albany Congress, Pennsylvania colonist Benjamin Franklin proposed the Albany Plan which would have created a unified government of the Thirteen Colonies for coordination of defense and other matters, but the plan was rejected by the leaders of most colonies. In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally", "title": "Thirteen Colonies" }, { "id": "589414", "text": "1647, Director-General Peter Stuyvesant took over management of the colony, and surrendered it in 1664 to the British, who had invaded the largely-defenseless New Amsterdam. New Amsterdam and the colony of New Netherland were renamed New York, after the Duke of York. Under British colonial rule, the Hudson Valley became an agricultural hub. Manors were developed on the east side of the river, and the west side contained many smaller and independent farms. In 1754, the Albany Plan of Union was created at Albany City Hall on the Hudson. The plan allowed the colonies to treaty with the Iroquois and", "title": "Hudson River" }, { "id": "1728171", "text": "government to the English. Franklin's Albany Plan is also believed to have been influenced by his understanding of Iroqouis government. John Rutledge of South Carolina, delegate to the Constitutional Convention, is said to have read lengthy tracts of Six Nations law to the other framers, beginning with the words \"We, the people, to form a union, to establish peace, equity, and order...\" In October 1988, the U.S. Congress passed Concurrent Resolution 331 to recognize the influence of the Iroquois Constitution upon the American Constitution and Bill of Rights. The extent of the influence of Six Nations law on the U.S.", "title": "Great Law of Peace" }, { "id": "11655983", "text": "Union was initially agreed upon between the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church and the Connecticut General Association of Congregational Churches. The Plan was later approved by the Congregational associations in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. It enabled churches of either denomination to hire ministers from the other. Congregations were given the choice whether to be governed by congregational polity or by the Presbyterian model of a session of ruling elders. The Plan also made it possible for the Middle Association of Congregationalists in New York to become a subordinate jurisdiction of the Presbyterian Synod of Albany. As part of", "title": "Plan of Union of 1801" }, { "id": "2582481", "text": "region. William Johnson, a Scottish trader, established an estate in the Mohawk Valley, living among the Mohawk, learning their language, and forging an alliance with them. He was appointed as the British Indian agent to the Iroquois. The British also encouraged settlement in the Mohawk Valley by other Europeans, including German Palatines beginning in the 1720s. In what became known as the Albany Congress in 1754, delegates from seven of the thirteen British North American colonies met at Albany to pursue a treaty with the powerful Mohawk. Benjamin Franklin, a Pennsylvania delegate, proposed a plan for uniting the seven colonies", "title": "Upstate New York" }, { "id": "11027232", "text": "in the forthcoming military campaign. The Board of Trade never sought official approval for the Plan from the Crown. They proposed that colonial governors, along with some members of their respective councils, order the raising of troops and building of forts, to be funded by the Treasury of Great Britain. This amount would later have to be repaid, and Parliament imposed a tax on the colonies to pay for the defenses in North America. The Galloway Plan proposed at the First Continental Congress bore striking resemblance to the Albany Plan. It was submitted by conservative Loyalists and quickly rejected in", "title": "Albany Plan" }, { "id": "10756080", "text": "halls sat, along with the New York State Legislature in the 18th century. The Albany Plan of Union in 1754, presided over by Ben Franklin, was held here. This land was once along the Hudson River's banks, over time being infilled, including in 1911 as part of the construction of the Plaza. The city of Albany purchased and consolidated the land ownership that allowed the D&H to build the building and the city to have a park in front surrounded by a street that acted as a loop for the trolleys running on State Street. Public access was allowed to", "title": "SUNY System Administration Building" }, { "id": "5208250", "text": "a committee at the Albany congress with Benjamin Franklin which was charged with the task of drawing up a plan for a central government of all the colonies. Ath the adjournment of the congress, the plan adopted was submitted to the various legislatures for approval. While it was rejected, its goals were pursued later at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. In 1752 he helped to organize a lottery to pay for a town clock in Annapolis. He was dispatched to settle Cresap's War between Maryland and Pennsylvania. Tasker partnered with his brother-in-law, Christopher Lowndes on the slaving voyage of the", "title": "Benjamin Tasker Jr." }, { "id": "2699117", "text": "the Dutch in the early 17th century and came under British control in 1664. Albany has been the permanent capital of the state of New York since 1797. The Capital District is notable for many historical events that predate the independence of the United States, including the Albany Plan of Union and The Battles of Saratoga. The term Capital District is commonly used to refer to the area due to its location surrounding the state capital. This is similar to other capital districts throughout the world, all of which are associated with a respective capital city. The earliest reference to", "title": "Capital District, New York" }, { "id": "15254625", "text": "a fourth dock was built along the river and the sloop Olive Branch became the first Albany ship to set sail for the West Indies. Additionally, the city sold its remaining land in Schaghticoke. The Gazette became the first newspaper in Albany, first published in 1771 by Alexander and James Robertson. By 1774 events in other colonies regarding disputes with the British Parliament over taxation brought Albany into the wider issue of a colonial union for the first time since the Albany Congress. John Barclay became chairman of the newly formed Committee of Superintendence and Correspondence. The committee selected Colonel", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "626414", "text": "became the capital of New York in 1797 following formation of the United States. Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements of the original British thirteen colonies, and is the longest continuously chartered city in the United States. During the late 18th century and throughout most of the 19th, Albany was a center of trade and transportation. The city lies toward the north end of the navigable Hudson River, was the original eastern terminus of the Erie Canal connecting to the Great Lakes, and was home to some of the earliest railroad systems in the world. In the 1920s,", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "626422", "text": "the Albany Committee of Correspondence (the political arm of the local revolutionary movement), which took over operation of Albany's government and eventually expanded its power to control all of Albany County. Tories and prisoners of war were often jailed in the \"Stadt Huys\" alongside common criminals. In 1776, Albany native Philip Livingston signed the Declaration of Independence at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. During and after the Revolutionary War, Albany County saw a great increase in real estate transactions. After Horatio Gates' win over John Burgoyne at Saratoga in 1777, the upper Hudson Valley was generally at peace as the war", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "13004918", "text": "became home to the Albany Committee of Correspondence (the political arm of the local revolutionary movement), which took over operation of Albany's government and eventually expanded its power to control all of Albany County. Tories and prisoners of war were often jailed in the \"Stadt Huys\" alongside common criminals. In 1776, Albany native Philip Livingston signed the Declaration of Independence at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. During and after the Revolutionary War, there was a great increase in real estate transactions in Albany County. After Horatio Gates' win over John Burgoyne at Saratoga in 1777, the upper Hudson Valley was generally", "title": "History of Albany, New York" }, { "id": "62705", "text": "the thesis does not support this idea as it is advocating for a union against these \"ignorant savages\" and called the idea \"absurd\". Bruce Johansen contends Jennings, Tooker etc. have \"humorlessly missed the ironic nature of Franklin's statement\" and persist in \"ignoring the relevant sources\". Anthropologist Dean Snow stated that though Franklin's Albany Plan may have drawn some inspiration from the Iroquois League, there is little evidence that either the Plan or the Constitution drew substantially from this source and argues that \"...such claims muddle and denigrate the subtle and remarkable features of Iroquois government. The two forms of government", "title": "Constitution" }, { "id": "626420", "text": "Albany was formally chartered as a municipality by provincial Governor Thomas Dongan on July 22, 1686. The \"Dongan Charter\" was virtually identical in content to the charter awarded to the city of New York three months earlier. \"Dongan\" created Albany as a strip of land wide and long. Over the years Albany would lose much of the land to the west and annex land to the north and south. At this point, Albany had a population of about 500 people. In 1754, representatives of seven British North American colonies met in the \"Stadt Huys\", Albany's city hall, for the Albany", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "13004907", "text": "the issuance of the \"Dongan Charter\", the oldest effective city charter in the nation and possibly the longest-running instrument of municipal government in the Western Hemisphere. During the late 18th century and throughout of the 19th century, Albany was a center of transportation. It is located on the north end of the navigable Hudson River, was the original eastern terminus of the Erie Canal, and was home to some of the earliest railroad systems in the world. Albany's main exports at the time were beer, lumber, published works, and ironworks. Beginning in 1810, Albany was one of the ten most", "title": "History of Albany, New York" }, { "id": "1038743", "text": "near the Flint River. They used it for making arrowheads and other tools. In 1830 Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, and the United States made treaties to extinguish Creek and other Native American land claims in the Southeast. The US Army forcibly removed most of the native peoples to Indian Territory, lands west of the Mississippi River. European-American settlement began with Nelson Tiftof Groton, Connecticut, who took land along the Flint River in October 1836 after Indian removal. Tift and his colleagues named the new town Albany after the capital of New York; noting that New York's Albany was", "title": "Albany, Georgia" }, { "id": "626441", "text": "and he served as Mayor from 1994 until his retirement at the end of 2013. His tenure essentially ended the political machine that had been in place since the 1920s. During the 1990s, the State Legislature approved the $234 million \"Albany Plan\", \"a building and renovation project [that] was the most ambitious building project to affect the area since the Rockefeller era.\" Under the Albany Plan, renovation and new building projects were initiated around the downtown area. Many state workers were relocated from the Harriman State Office Campus to downtown, helping its retail businesses and vitality. Fortune 500 companies with", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "11027231", "text": "the Plan. They sent copies of letters to each of the Colonial Assemblies and to the British Board of Trade in London, which had originally suggested the Congress. The colonial assemblies and the British representatives rejected the Albany Plan. Benjamin Franklin wrote of the rejections: \"The colonial assemblies and most of the people were narrowly provincial in outlook, mutually jealous, and suspicious of any central taxing authority.\" Many in the British government, already wary of some of the strong-willed colonial assemblies, disliked the idea of consolidating additional power into their hands. They preferred that the colonies concentrate on their part", "title": "Albany Plan" }, { "id": "15254895", "text": "led to a lack of interest in city politics. The 1990s brought about the surprise election of Gerald Jennings, who has been mayor since 1994. His tenure has essentially ended the political machine that had been in place since the 1920s. During the 1990s, the State Legislature approved the $234 million \"Albany Plan\", \"a building and renovation project [that] was the most ambitious building project to effect the area since the Rockefeller era.\" The Albany Plan saw the initiation of renovation and new building projects around the downtown area, and the move of many state workers from the Harriman State", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1983–present)" }, { "id": "626413", "text": "a 2013 Census-estimated population of 1.1 million the Capital District is the third-most populous metropolitan region in the state. As of the 2010 census, the population of Albany was 97,856. The area that later became Albany was settled by Dutch colonists who in 1614, built Fort Nassau for fur trading and, in 1624, built Fort Orange. In 1664, the English took over the Dutch settlements, renaming the city as Albany, in honor of the then Duke of Albany, the future James II of England and James VII of Scotland. The city was officially chartered in 1686 under English rule. It", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "5325342", "text": "Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan, an early proposal to create a unified colonial government. It was rejected by colonial assemblies and the British Board of Trade alike. In 1762 Peters retired from the proprietary offices to his \"Belmont\" estate, as he made a sufficient fortune. He was called as rector of Christ Church, and served until his health forced him to resign in September 1775. Throughout these years, he was active in many religious, civic, and educational affairs. He worked with Benjamin Franklin to establish a public academy, which developed as the Philadelphia College and then the University of Pennsylvania, and", "title": "Richard Peters (priest)" }, { "id": "9761", "text": "Philadelphia on May 25, 1787. This became the Constitutional Convention. It was quickly realized that changes would not work, and instead the entire Articles needed to be replaced. On March 4, 1789, the government under the Articles was replaced with the federal government under the Constitution. The new Constitution provided for a much stronger federal government by establishing a chief executive (the President), courts, and taxing powers. The political push to increase cooperation among the then-loyal colonies began with the Albany Congress in 1754 and Benjamin Franklin's proposed Albany Plan, an inter-colonial collaboration to help solve mutual local problems. The", "title": "Articles of Confederation" }, { "id": "11655982", "text": "Plan of Union of 1801 The Plan of Union of 1801 was an agreement between the Congregational churches of New England and the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America for mutual support and joint effort in evangelizing the American frontier. It lasted until 1852. Prior to 1801, Congregationalists and Presbyterians had enjoyed friendly relationships. Both denominations shared a common Calvinistic theology, while differing in church polity (with Congregationalists and Presbyterians having adopted the Savoy Declaration and Westminster Standards respectively). There were also many instances stretching back to colonial times where Puritan congregations embraced presbyterian polity. The Plan of", "title": "Plan of Union of 1801" }, { "id": "4933969", "text": "army that would be able to put down such insurrections. These and other issues greatly worried many of the Founders that the Union as it existed up to that point was in danger of breaking apart, and being subject to the persuasion of foreign powers. In September 1786, at the Annapolis Convention, delegates from five states called for a Constitutional Convention in order to discuss possible improvements to the Articles of Confederation. The subsequent Constitutional Convention took place in Philadelphia, convening in the Old Pennsylvania State House (then becoming known as Independence Hall) on May 14, 1787. Rhode Island, fearing", "title": "Constitutional Convention (United States)" }, { "id": "1743973", "text": "Albany Congress The Albany Congress (also known as \"The Conference of Albany\") was a meeting of representatives sent by the legislatures of seven of the thirteen British colonies in British America: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island. Northernmost Newfoundland and Nova Scotia were not in attendance. Representatives met daily at the \"Stadt Huys\" in Albany, New York, from June 18 to July 11, 1754, to discuss better relations with the American Indian tribes and common defensive measures against the French threat from Canada in the opening stage of the French and Indian War, the North", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "15254603", "text": "a municipality by provincial Governor Thomas Dongan on July 22, 1686. The \"Dongan Charter\" was virtually identical in content to the charter awarded to the city of New York three months earlier. \"Dongan\" created Albany as a strip of land wide and long. Over the years Albany would lose much of the land to the west and annex land to the north and south. At this point, Albany had a population of about 500 people. In 1754, representatives of seven British North American colonies met in the \"Stadt Huys\", Albany's city hall, for the Albany Congress; Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "2171489", "text": "that forced a retreat from the New York City area, leaving the strategic port and harbor to the British army and navy as their North American base of operations for the rest of the war. The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the war in favor of the Americans, convincing France to formally ally with them. New York's constitution was adopted in 1777, and strongly influenced the United States Constitution. New York City was the national capital at various times between 1785 and 1790, where the Bill of Rights was drafted. Albany became the permanent state capital in", "title": "History of New York (state)" }, { "id": "1743974", "text": "American front of the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France. Delegates did not have the goal of creating an American nation; rather, they were colonists with the more limited mission of pursuing a treaty with the Mohawks and other major Iroquois tribes. This was the first time that American colonists had met together, and it provided a model that came into use in setting up the Stamp Act Congress in 1765, as well as the First Continental Congress in 1774, which were preludes to the American Revolution. The Albany Congress was the first time in the 18th century", "title": "Albany Congress" }, { "id": "626419", "text": "a younger son of the King of Scots. The name is ultimately derived from \"Alba\", the Gaelic name for Scotland. The Dutch briefly regained Albany in August 1673 and renamed the city \"Willemstadt\"; the English took permanent possession with the Treaty of Westminster (1674). On November 1, 1683, the Province of New York was split into counties, with Albany County being the largest. At that time the county included all of present New York State north of Dutchess and Ulster Counties in addition to present-day Bennington County, Vermont, theoretically stretching west to the Pacific Ocean; Albany became the county seat.", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "13092242", "text": "Associated with this extension Northern Boulevard was also widened and both Lancaster and State streets were turned into one-ways. Entrances to Washington Park from Thurlow Terrace and Englewood Place were closed in 1972 turning those into dead end streets from Western Avenue. In 1988 Washington Park Road was renamed \"Albany Plan of Union Avenue\" in honor of the colonial congress held in Albany by Benjamin Franklin that proposed closer ties and support among the Thirteen Colonies. In 1991 Northern Boulevard from its intersection with Madison Avenue and Willett Street north through the park and continuing to Livingston Avenue in Arbor", "title": "Washington Park Historic District (Albany, New York)" }, { "id": "6816117", "text": "8, 1861, before the secession convention. With military companies forming all over Louisiana, the convention itself was anti-climactic, voting Louisiana out of the Union 113 to 17. The outbreak of hostilities in the area of Fort Sumter, South Carolina, led to the story of New Orleans in the Civil War. The Union's strategy was devised by Winfield Scott, whose \"Anaconda Plan\" called for the division of the Confederacy by seizing control of the Mississippi River. One of the first steps in such operations was the imposition of the Union blockade. After the blockade was established, a Confederate naval counterattack attempted", "title": "Capture of New Orleans" }, { "id": "427815", "text": "doubt. On February 21, 1787, the Confederation Congress called a convention of state delegates at Philadelphia to propose a plan of government. Unlike earlier attempts, the convention was not meant for new laws or piecemeal alterations, but for the \"sole and express purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation\". The convention was not limited to commerce; rather, it was intended to \"render the federal constitution adequate to the exigencies of government and the preservation of the Union.\" The proposal might take effect when approved by Congress and the states. On the appointed day, May 14, 1787, only the Virginia and", "title": "United States Constitution" }, { "id": "4089889", "text": "liberal and individualist principles, although forms of ethnic nationalism were sometimes promoted until the civil rights movement. The United States traces its origins to the Thirteen Colonies founded by Britain in the 17th and early 18th century. Residents identified with Britain until the mid-18th century when the first sense of being \"American\" emerged. The Albany Plan proposed a union between the colonies in 1754. Although unsuccessful, it served as a reference for future discussions of independence. Soon afterward, the colonies faced several common grievances over acts passed by the British Parliament, including taxation without representation. Americans were in general agreement", "title": "American nationalism" }, { "id": "1722360", "text": "boost to Patriots at a time when morale was flagging, and have become iconic images of the war. In early 1777, a grand British strategic plan, the Saratoga Campaign, was drafted in London. The plan called for two British armies to converge on Albany, New York from the north and south, dividing the colonies in two and separating New England from the rest. Failed communications and poor planning resulted in the army descending from Canada, commanded by General John Burgoyne, bogging down in dense forest north of Albany. Meanwhile, the British Army that was supposed to advance up the Hudson", "title": "History of the United States (1776–1789)" }, { "id": "19788304", "text": "his expedition left Sydney on 9 November 1826 aboard HM brig \"Amity\", with a detachment of twenty troops from the 39th Regiment, twenty-three convicts to assist in establishing the settlement, and six months provisions. Arriving at King George's Sound on 25 December 1826, Lockyer landed ashore early the next day and commenced a survey of the area. On 30 December the troops and prisoners were disembarked, setting up camp and landing stores. On 21 January 1827, as instructed by the Colonial Secretary, the Union Jack was raised and a feu de joie fired by the troops, formally annexing the territory,", "title": "History of Albany, Western Australia" }, { "id": "11502905", "text": "History of the African Union The African Union is a geo-political entity covering the entirety of the African continent. Its origin dates back to the First Congress of Independence African States, held in Accra, Ghana, from 15 to 22 April 1958. The conference aimed at forming the Africa Day to mark the liberation movement, each year, regarding the willingness of the African people to free themselves from foreign dictatorship, as well as subsequent attempts to unite Africa, including the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), which was established on 25 May 1963, and the African Economic Community in 1981. Critics argued", "title": "History of the African Union" }, { "id": "12527160", "text": "New South Wales. The original building was completed in 1869, after requests from the Government Resident to the administration in Perth, Western Australia. Large scale site works included excavations, by convict labour, and a large granite retaining wall up to 5 feet thick. The design by James Manning, the Clerk of Works, now forms the eastern section of the building. The functions of the region's first government building included postal, judicial, customs, and a meeting place for the Road Board and local government. The second phase of construction, completed in 1895, was to a design of the Government architect George", "title": "Albany Post Office" }, { "id": "626417", "text": "extent and duration of those visits has not been determined. Permanent European claims began when Englishman Henry Hudson, exploring for the Dutch East India Company on the \"Half Moon\" (), reached the area in 1609, claiming it for the United Netherlands. In 1614, Hendrick Christiaensen built Fort Nassau, a fur-trading post and the first documented European structure in present-day Albany. Commencement of the fur trade provoked hostility from the French colony in Canada and among the natives, all of whom vied to control the trade. In 1618, a flood ruined the fort on Castle Island, but it was rebuilt in", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "13004917", "text": "colonies. Although it was never adopted by Parliament, it was an important precursor to the United States Constitution. The same year, the French and Indian War began; it was the North American front of the Seven Years' War in Europe and the fourth in a series of North American wars between the colonial powers dating back to 1689, began. It ended in 1763 with French defeat by the British, resolving a situation that had been a constant threat to Albany and held back its growth. In 1775, with the colonies in the midst of the Revolutionary War, the \"Stadt Huys\"", "title": "History of Albany, New York" }, { "id": "1182869", "text": "policies were influenced by the liberal ideals of Oberlin College, which he had attended as a student. In 1850, a joint-stock company took over administration of Lewis Academy, and the name was changed to the Albany Manual Labor Academy. The school continued to admit students of all genders and races. Slaveholders were not permitted to become shareholders. Students with financial need could borrow money from the institution and repay their tuition by working two hours a day in the manual labor department: farming land owned by the school, operating the school's saw-mill, or making bricks. The academy's constitution stated that", "title": "Albany, Ohio" }, { "id": "9430815", "text": "those promised, with the exception of part of one of the recommendations of the 9/11 commission. The origin for the name of the plan is a play-on-words from former Democratic President Franklin Roosevelt who promised quick action on the part of government (to combat the Great Depression) during his \"first hundred days\" in office. One hundred hours was also the amount of legislative time available to Congress prior to the President's 2007 State of the Union address on Tuesday, January 23. The plan was promised by Democrats in the days leading up to the 2006 midterm elections in the United", "title": "100-Hour Plan" }, { "id": "13004938", "text": "loss of Corning (and eventually the political machine) led to a lack of interest in city politics. Gerald Jennings surprised many by his victory in the mayoral election in 1994, and his tenure since then. His tenure has essentially ended the Democratic Party political machine that had been in place since the 1920s. During the 1990s, the State Legislature approved the $234 million \"Albany Plan\", \"a building and renovation project [that] was the most ambitious building project to effect the area since the Rockefeller era.\" Under the Albany Plan a number of renovation and new building projects were undertaken in", "title": "History of Albany, New York" }, { "id": "15254607", "text": "state capital in the United States. In the period leading up to the Second Anglo-Dutch War, King Charles II of England granted the land from Maine to Delaware, which included all of New Netherland, to his brother James, Duke of York. In April 1664 four ships with a combined 450-men fighting force set sail for New Amsterdam. Fort Orange was surrendered to the English 16 days after New Amsterdam (the city of New York). Surrender terms at New Amsterdam were quite generous. Fort Orange was renamed Fort Albany, and the village of Beverswyck was renamed Albany, in honor of the", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "13004915", "text": "Albany in August 1673 and renamed the city Willemstadt; the English took permanent possession with the Treaty of Westminster (1674). On November 1, 1683, the Province of New York was split into counties, with Albany County being the largest. At that time the county included all of present New York State north of Dutchess and Ulster Counties in addition to present-day Bennington County, Vermont, theoretically stretching west to the Pacific Ocean; the city of Albany became the county seat. Albany was formally chartered as a municipality by provincial Governor Thomas Dongan on July 22, 1686. The \"Dongan Charter\" was virtually", "title": "History of Albany, New York" }, { "id": "9317436", "text": "made president on the recommendation of Slater King, and Slater King was made vice president. The incorporation documents were largely the work of C. B. King. It quickly became a broad-front nonviolent attack on every aspect of segregation within the city. Bus stations, libraries, and lunch counters reserved for White Americans were occupied by African Americans, boycotts were launched, and hundreds of protesters marched on City Hall. The Albany police chief, Laurie Pritchett, carefully studied the movement's strategy and developed a strategy he hoped could subvert it. He used mass arrests but avoided the kind of violent incidents that might", "title": "Albany Movement" }, { "id": "626412", "text": "Albany, New York Albany ( ) is the capital of the U.S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County. Albany is located on the west bank of the Hudson River approximately south of its confluence with the Mohawk River and approximately north of New York City. Albany is known for its rich history, commerce, culture, architecture, and institutions of higher education. Albany constitutes the economic and cultural core of the Capital District of New York State, which comprises the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, including the nearby cities and suburbs of Troy, Schenectady, and Saratoga Springs. With", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "9758", "text": "Articles of Confederation The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. It was approved, after much debate (between July 1776 and November 1777), by the Second Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, and sent to the states for ratification. The Articles of Confederation came into force on March 1, 1781, after being ratified by all 13 states. A guiding principle of the Articles was to preserve the independence and sovereignty of the states. The central government", "title": "Articles of Confederation" }, { "id": "15254602", "text": "The name is ultimately derived from \"Alba\", the Gaelic name for Scotland. The Dutch briefly regained Albany in August 1673 and renamed the city Willemstadt; the English took permanent possession with the Treaty of Westminster (1674). On November 1, 1683, the Province of New York was split into counties, with Albany County being the largest. At that time the county included all of present New York State north of Dutchess and Ulster Counties in addition to present-day Bennington County, Vermont, theoretically stretching west to the Pacific Ocean; the city of Albany became the county seat. Albany was formally chartered as", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "15019479", "text": "railroad bridge. A row of trees border the rail line. At the time of its founding in 1686, and throughout most of the 18th century, Albany was a small area coterminous with its present-day downtown, encircled by a stockade. Its charter extended its corporate limits a mile (1.6 km) north along the Hudson River from the stockade, to the vicinity of what is today Clinton Avenue. The land to the north was owned by the van Rensselaer family, the area's colonial \"patroons\" since it was settled by the Dutch. In 1764, Stephen van Rensselaer II, then the \"patroon\", had the", "title": "Broadway–Livingston Avenue Historic District" }, { "id": "15254610", "text": "three months earlier. Pieter Schuyler was appointed first mayor of Albany the day the charter was signed. As part of the Dongan Charter the city's boundaries were fixed with Patroon Street (today Clinton Avenue) as the northern limit and the \"northern tip of Martin Gerritsen's Island\" as the southern limit, both lines extending to the northwest. Albany was given the right to purchase in \"Schaahtecogue\" (today Schaghticoke), and at \"Tionnondoroge\" (today Fort Hunter). In 1689 Albany became a center of resistance to Jacob Leisler who, during confusion over the Glorious Revolution, led Leisler's Rebellion and took \"de facto\" control over", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "4749800", "text": "admitted it to the Union in 1791, the Constitution was in effect and the legislature of New York had consented. All later secession proposals would require similar consent. Tensions between what eventually became upstate and downstate New York had existed since Leisler's Rebellion in 1689. That rebellion was more heavily supported in the lower Hudson Valley, near modern New York City, than it was in the Albany area, which remained loyal to the English crown (at the time, the Glorious Revolution was underway in England). Although the rebellion was settled in 1691 when Leisler was executed, tensions between the upper", "title": "Partition and secession in New York" }, { "id": "10041799", "text": "met in Federal Hall, 25 had served in the legislature and every sitting member of that body was considered an honorary member of the Society. Robert R. Livingston, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, was chosen as the Society's first president. Other early members of note included John Jay, first Chief Justice of the United States and a future governor of the state, and George Clinton, another later governor who would eventually become Vice President. When Albany was permanently designated as the state capital in 1796, the Society moved with it. It met in the former City Hall at", "title": "Albany Institute of History & Art" }, { "id": "626509", "text": "50,000 tulip bulbs in 1948; this act led to the establishment of the annual Tulip Festival. Most of the other connections were made in the 1980s during Mayor Whalen's term in office as part of his cultural expansion program. The official sister cities are: The additional twin-city relationships are with: Albany, New York Albany ( ) is the capital of the U.S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County. Albany is located on the west bank of the Hudson River approximately south of its confluence with the Mohawk River and approximately north of New York City. Albany", "title": "Albany, New York" }, { "id": "15254622", "text": "target of several French plans to cut the British colonies in half. Albany was also the point in which British and colonial troops were assembled, and where several invasions of French Canada, and specifically Montreal, were planned. By 1756, 10,000 soldiers were drilling in Albany in preparation of attacks on Canada or for defense of the route to Albany. Sybrant Van Schaick was appointed mayor in 1756 and a smallpox epidemic occurred. Refugees and soldiers continued to pour into the city as fighting along the routes to and from Canada escalated. Due to the large population of British soldiers, British", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "15254601", "text": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784) The history of Albany, New York from 1664 to 1784 begins with the English takeover of New Netherland and ends with the ratification of the \"Treaty of Paris\" by the Congress of the Confederation in 1784, ending the Revolutionary War. When New Netherland was captured by the English in 1664, the name Beverwijck was changed to Albany, in honor of the Duke of Albany (later James II of England and James VII of Scotland). Duke of Albany was a Scottish title given since 1398, generally to a younger son of the King of Scots.", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "2963815", "text": "Confederate government was already strained financially as early as 1862. As its economy steadily degenerated, it suffered from a general loss of confidence on the part of its citizens. Abbreviations used in these notes: Anaconda Plan The Anaconda Plan is the name applied to a U.S. Union Army outline strategy for suppressing the Confederacy at the beginning of the American Civil War. Proposed by Union general-in-chief Winfield Scott, the plan emphasized a Union blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two. Because the blockade would be rather passive,", "title": "Anaconda Plan" }, { "id": "13274410", "text": "city was within a stockade. Most commercial buildings at the time, primarily warehouses, were located on what is now Broadway. The 1815 Coulson Building at 420 Broadway, the oldest building in the district, is typical of that kind of construction. The inland blocks were residential. Albany was a point of contention during both the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, and the New York State Legislature met there in 1780 after British occupation ended. In 1797 it was designated the state capital. More residences were built, primarily to be rented to lawyers and legislators working in the capitol and the", "title": "Downtown Albany Historic District" }, { "id": "4473791", "text": "by 1833. Due to this slow progress, the settlers of Albany petitioned England to supply convicts to work on the road. At the time the government in Perth derided the proposal, and Western Australia would not become a penal colony until 1849. In October and November 1835, Governor Stirling and Surveyor-General John Septimus Roe travelled overland from Perth to Albany, with the focus of the journey being the route south of the Hotham River. A more comprehensive survey was undertaken in July–September 1836 by Assistant Surveyors Alfred Hillman and D. Smith. Hillman started from the Albany end, while Smith concurrently", "title": "Albany Highway" }, { "id": "2733960", "text": "slavery, financing government, consumption of alcohol and Congressional pay. Criticism over the life of the Constitution has centered on expanding democracy and states rights. On June 4, 1776, a resolution was introduced in the Second Continental Congress declaring the union with Great Britain to be dissolved, proposing the formation of foreign alliances, and suggesting the drafting of a plan of confederation to be submitted to the respective states. Independence was declared on July 4, 1776; the preparation of a plan of confederation was postponed. Although the Declaration was a statement of principles, it did not create a government or even", "title": "History of the United States Constitution" }, { "id": "2121446", "text": "The Virginia Plan and the debate surrounding it are prominently featured in the 1989 film \"A More Perfect Union\", which depicts the events of the 1787 Constitutional Convention. Presented largely from the viewpoint and words of James Madison, the movie was mainly filmed in Independence Hall. Virginia Plan The Virginia Plan (also known as the Randolph Plan, after its sponsor, or the Large-State Plan) was a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch. The plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. The Virginia Plan was", "title": "Virginia Plan" }, { "id": "2963778", "text": "Anaconda Plan The Anaconda Plan is the name applied to a U.S. Union Army outline strategy for suppressing the Confederacy at the beginning of the American Civil War. Proposed by Union general-in-chief Winfield Scott, the plan emphasized a Union blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two. Because the blockade would be rather passive, it was widely derided by a vociferous faction of Union generals who wanted a more vigorous prosecution of the war, and who likened it to the coils of an anaconda suffocating its victim. The", "title": "Anaconda Plan" }, { "id": "1739460", "text": "River to bolster the area's defenses. This expedition erected Fort Halifax in what is now Winslow, Maine. News of hostilities in the Ohio Country brought further urgency to that matter, as well as attendance at a planned conference of colonies at Albany, New York. Because of the urgency, and the support of politically powerful Maine landowners, Shirley's relationship with the provincial assembly was relatively good. Shirley instructed the provincial representatives to the Albany Conference to seek a colonial union, but the provincial assembly (along with those of other provinces) rejected the conference's proposals. Shirley was approached by Nova Scotia Governor", "title": "William Shirley" }, { "id": "9783", "text": "of Texas and California that had already been surveyed and divided up by the Spanish Empire). Then, when the Homestead Act was enacted in 1867, the quarter section became the basic unit of land that was granted to new settler-farmers. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 noted the agreement of the original states to give up northwestern land claims, organized the Northwest Territory and laid the groundwork for the eventual creation of new states. While it didn't happen under the articles, the land north of the Ohio River and west of the (present) western border of Pennsylvania ceded by Massachusetts, Connecticut,", "title": "Articles of Confederation" }, { "id": "4473789", "text": "into the centre of Albany. Prior to European settlement, the indigenous Noongar people had a considerable network of tracks around their territory in the south-west of Western Australia. One such track, used as a trade route, linked the Swan River (in modern-day Perth) with the area now known as Albany. The track followed a similar alignment to modern-day Albany Highway. On 25 December 1826, the New South Wales colonial government brig \"Amity\", under the command of Major Edmund Lockyer, arrived at King George Sound to establish a military garrison. On 21 January 1827, as instructed by the Colonial Secretary, the", "title": "Albany Highway" }, { "id": "2963811", "text": "order did not exist at the time that they took place. For the historians who contend that a rational plan did exist, the debate, like the plan itself, has two parts. The importance of the campaign to capture the Mississippi River, and thereby lop off the Trans-Mississippi, is acknowledged. Virtually all present-day historians agree that the Union's Western campaign was at least as significant as that in the East. To the extent that fighting in the West before mid-1863 can be regarded as preparing for or culminating in the capture of Vicksburg, the Anaconda has been validated. The worth of", "title": "Anaconda Plan" }, { "id": "18760340", "text": "Union of Arms The Union of Arms (in Spanish \"Unión de Armas\") was a political proposal, put forward by Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares for greater military co-operation between the constituent parts of the composite monarchy ruled by Philip IV of Spain. The plan was for each of the kingdoms ruled by Philip to contribute equitably to a fund from which 140,000 troops would be maintained for the defense of the monarchy. The plan was \"a thinly disguised attempt to integrate the fiscal institutions of the empire [that] prompted much opposition in the Indies.\" The division of contributions envisaged", "title": "Union of Arms" }, { "id": "15254605", "text": "(the political arm of the local revolutionary movement), which took over operation of Albany's government and eventually expanded its power to control all of Albany County. Tories and prisoners of war were often jailed in the \"Stadt Huys\" alongside common criminals. In 1776, Albany native Philip Livingston signed the Declaration of Independence at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. During and after the Revolutionary War, Albany County saw a great increase in real estate transactions. After Horatio Gates' win over John Burgoyne at Saratoga in 1777, the upper Hudson Valley was generally at peace as the war raged on elsewhere. Prosperity was", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "4212597", "text": "a proposal was accepted by the premiers of the Australian colonies to establish a new Convention by popular vote, with the resulting draft of the constitution being submitted to the electors of each colony in a referendum. The Convention held meetings over the course of a year, beginning first in Adelaide in 1897, later meeting in Sydney, and culminating in Melbourne in March 1898. After the Adelaide meeting, the colonial Parliaments took the opportunity to debate the emerging Bill and to suggest changes. The basic principles discussed in 1891 were adopted, with the addition of the principle of responsible government.", "title": "Federation of Australia" }, { "id": "4473790", "text": "Union Jack was raised and a feu de joie fired by the troops, formally annexing the territory, in assertion of the first official claim by the Imperial Government to British possession over the whole continent of Australia. On 7 March 1831 the King George Sound and colony was made part of the Swan River Colony and a free settlement. Albany was officially named by Governor Stirling at the beginning of 1832, at the time that political authority passed to the Swan River colony. The construction of a road from Albany to Perth began soon thereafter, but only had been completed", "title": "Albany Highway" }, { "id": "15781886", "text": "on general tickets to a one-year term, the whole assembly being renewed annually. In 1797, Albany was declared the State capital, and all subsequent Legislatures have been meeting there ever since. In 1799, the Legislature enacted that future Legislatures meet on the last Tuesday of January of each year unless called earlier by the governor. At this time the politicians were divided into two opposing political parties: the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. The State election was held from April 27 to 29, 1802. Senators John Schenck (Southern D.) and Solomon Sutherland (Middle D.) were re-elected. Joseph Annin, Matthias B. Tallmadge,", "title": "26th New York State Legislature" }, { "id": "15254619", "text": "came between France and Britain (and therefore between Canada and New York) through the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle and Jacob Ten Eyck was appointed mayor. In 1750 Robert Sanders took the oath of office as mayor of Albany. In 1751 an auction was held to sell the rights to operate two ferries, one from Greenbush (today Rensselaer) to Albany, and another from Albany to Greenbush. Also in 1751, a conference was held in Albany consisting of representatives from the Iroquois Nation, New York Governor George Clinton, the Indian commissioners from South Carolina, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and the Catawba tribe.", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" }, { "id": "6113600", "text": "Times Union (Albany) The Times Union is an American daily newspaper, serving the Capital Region of New York. Although the newspaper focuses on Albany and its suburbs, it covers all parts of the four-county area, including the cities of Troy, Schenectady and Saratoga Springs. It is owned by Hearst Communications. The paper was founded in 1857 as the \"Morning Times\", becoming \"Times-Union\" by 1891, and was purchased by William Randolph Hearst in 1924. The newspaper has been online since 1996. The editor of the \"Times Union\" is Rex Smith, who has held the post since July 2002. He had been", "title": "Times Union (Albany)" }, { "id": "15254609", "text": "political appointees from that period were retained. In 1676, Governor Edmund Andros of the Dominion of New England (of which the Province of New York was a part) had Fort Frederick built at the top of Yonkers Street, today the corner of State and Lodge streets, to replace Fort Albany, which was located by the Hudson River. Albany was formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan on July 22, 1686. At this time Albany had a population of only 500. The \"Dongan Charter\" was virtually identical in content to the charter awarded to the city of New York", "title": "History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)" } ]	when did the albany plan of union take place
[ "1973" ]	[ { "id": "7505339", "text": "Robert R. Garwood Robert Russell Garwood (born April 1, 1946) is a controversial former Vietnam War prisoner of war (POW). Garwood was a United States Marine Corps Private First Class when he was captured on September 28, 1965 near Da Nang, Quang Nam Province. Often cited as the last verified American POW from the Vietnam War, Garwood was taken to North Vietnam in 1969, and reportedly was released in 1973 along with the other American POWs. The North Vietnam government may have kept him as a POW until June 4, 1975 for propaganda reasons until the war ended. After June", "title": "Robert R. Garwood" }, { "id": "19238079", "text": "name and capture date of imprisoned U.S. service members. American POWs in North Vietnam were released in early 1973 as part of Operation Homecoming, the result of diplomatic negotiations concluding U.S. military involvement in Vietnam. On February 12, 1973, the first of 591 U.S. prisoners began to be repatriated, and return flights continued until late March. After Operation Homecoming, the U.S. still listed roughly 1,350 Americans as prisoners of war or missing in action and sought the return of roughly 1,200 Americans reported killed in action but whose bodies were not recovered.<ref name=\"Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office\"> \"Vietnam War", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "12721401", "text": "issue to come. Following the Paris Peace Accords of January 1973, U.S. prisoners of war were returned during Operation Homecoming during February through April 1973. During this, 591 POWs were released to U.S. authorities; this included a few captured in Laos and released in North Vietnam. U.S. President Richard Nixon announced that all U.S. servicemen taken prisoner had been accounted for. At that time, the U.S. listed 2,646 Americans as unaccounted for, including about 1,350 prisoners of war or missing in action and roughly 1,200 reported killed in action and body not recovered. The low numbers of returnees from Laos", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "7505353", "text": "interviews with Garwood's court-martial attorney, Vaughan Taylor, and fellow former POW David Harker. The interviews with Garwood were the first in more than a decade and they represented his most complete account to date of the events surrounding his capture and eventual return to the United States. Robert R. Garwood Robert Russell Garwood (born April 1, 1946) is a controversial former Vietnam War prisoner of war (POW). Garwood was a United States Marine Corps Private First Class when he was captured on September 28, 1965 near Da Nang, Quang Nam Province. Often cited as the last verified American POW from", "title": "Robert R. Garwood" }, { "id": "12721403", "text": "and pursuant to the Paris Accords, the North Vietnamese returned some remains too. These efforts halted following the collapse of the Accords and the fall of South Vietnam in 1975, and over the next ten years, little progress was made in recovering remains. During the late 1970s and 1980s, the friends and relatives of unaccounted-for American personnel became politically active, requesting the United States government reveal what steps were taken to follow up on intelligence regarding last-known-alive MIAs and POWs. When initial inquiries revealed important information had not been pursued, many families and their supporters asked for the public release", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "16741578", "text": "Alcatraz Gang The Alcatraz Gang was a group of eleven American prisoners of war (POW) held separately in Hanoi, North Vietnam during the Vietnam War because of their particular resistance to their North-Vietnamese military captors. These eleven POWs were: George Thomas Coker, USN; Jeremiah Denton, USN; Harry Jenkins, USN; Sam Johnson, USAF; George McKnight, USAF; James Mulligan, USN; Howard Rutledge, USN; Robert Shumaker, USN; James Stockdale, USN; Ronald Storz, USAF; and Nels Tanner, USN. These prisoners were held in solitary confinement from 25 October 1967 to 9 December 1969 at a special facility (dubbed \"Alcatraz\" by Commander Stockdale) in a", "title": "Alcatraz Gang" }, { "id": "12721447", "text": "U.S. believed might have survived their initial loss incident. Outcomes of these investigations helps resolve the live prisoners question. The U.S. has identified 296 individuals as Last Known Alive cases in all of Southeast Asia, and following full investigations, the Defense Department confirmed the wartime death of 245 of these individuals by March 2012. As of June 20, 2018 according to the U.S. Department of Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office, US Military and Civilian personnel still unaccounted for number 1,597 Vietnam War POW/MIA issue The Vietnam War POW/MIA issue concerns the fate of United States servicemen who were reported", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "19238080", "text": "Accounting History\". Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office.</ref> These missing personnel would become the subject of the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue. On March 26, 1964, the first U.S. service member imprisoned during the Vietnam War was captured near Quang Tri, South Vietnam when an L-19/O-1 Bird Dog observation plane flown by Captain Richard L. Whitesides and Captain Floyd James Thompson was brought down by small arms fire. Whitesides was killed, and Thompson was taken prisoner; he would ultimately spend just short of nine years in captivity, making him the longest held POW in American history. The first aviator captured in", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "12721404", "text": "of POW/MIA records and called for an investigation. In 1979, the re-emergence of U.S. Private First Class Bobby Garwood constituted the only POW to surface following the end of the war and release of prisoners. Garwood is considered by the Department of Defense to have acted as a collaborator with the enemy after he was taken prisoner, while it is claimed by proponents of the \"live prisoners\" belief, and by Garwood himself, that he was an American POW abandoned by the military. The National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia was created by Sybil Stockdale,", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "18029991", "text": "Last Days in Vietnam Last Days in Vietnam is a 2014 American documentary film written, produced and directed by Rory Kennedy. The film had its world premiere at 2014 Sundance Film Festival on January 17, 2014. After its premiere at Sundance Film Festival, \"American Experience Films\" acquired the distribution rights of the film, in association with PBS Distribution for DVD releases. The film had a theatrical release in New York City on September 5, 2014 before expanding nationwide in the United States during September and early October. The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature at", "title": "Last Days in Vietnam" }, { "id": "12721446", "text": "of impersonating American POWs. The case of Baron 52, the call sign of a U.S. Air Force EC-47 carrying eight crew members that was shot down over Laos in 1973, was reopened for examination by the Air Force and the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency in 2016, after decades of pressure from family members who believe that four of the crewmen might have escaped the crash. Efforts continued to recover Americans who remained unaccounted for, who numbered 1,621 as of March 23, 2016. Working jointly, American and Vietnamese experts focus on \"Last Known Alive\" cases, which involve missing Americans whom the", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "12721395", "text": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue The Vietnam War POW/MIA issue concerns the fate of United States servicemen who were reported as missing in action (MIA) during the Vietnam War and associated theaters of operation in Southeast Asia. The term also refers to issues related to the treatment of affected family members by the governments involved in these conflicts. Following the Paris Peace Accords of 1973, 591 American prisoners of war (POWs) were returned during Operation Homecoming. The U.S. listed about 2,500 Americans as prisoners of war or missing in action but only 1,200 Americans were reported to have been killed in", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "12721438", "text": "up all evidence of this betrayal, and that the governments of Communist Vietnam and Laos continued to hold an unspecified number of living American POWs, despite their adamant denials of this charge.\" Believers continued to strongly reject such notions; as one wrote in 1994, \"It is not conspiracy theory, not paranoid myth, not Rambo fantasy. It is only hard evidence of a national disgrace: American prisoners were left behind at the end of the Vietnam War. They were abandoned because six presidents and official Washington could not admit their guilty secret. They were forgotten because the press and most Americans", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "16741581", "text": "session, something changed and the session stopped, which the POWs thought was because of a political decision from higher authorities to stop the sessions. All of the prisoners except Storz were moved to other prisons in December 1969. Storz, debilitated from sickness and untreated injuries, was left behind and died in captivity on 23 April 1970. When all the POWS were released from North Vietnam in February and March 1973 (Operation Homecoming), so much had changed back in the United States that Coker (and Commander Denton) said it was as if \"...we weren't here (in America) at all. We were", "title": "Alcatraz Gang" }, { "id": "9810147", "text": "Operation Homecoming Operation Homecoming was the return of 591 American prisoners of war (POWs) held by North Vietnam following the Paris Peace Accords that ended U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. On January 27, 1973, Henry Kissinger (then assistant to the President for national security affairs) agreed to a ceasefire with representatives of North Vietnam that provided for the withdrawal of American military forces from South Vietnam. The agreement also postulated for the release of nearly 600 American prisoners of war (POWs) held by North Vietnam and its allies within 60 days of the withdrawal of U.S. troops. The deal", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "9810151", "text": "26 United States Marines, and 25 civilian employees of American government agencies. A majority of the prisoners were held at camps in North Vietnam, however some POWs were held in at various locations throughout Southeast Asia. A total of 69 POWs were held in South Vietnam by the Viet Cong and would eventually leave the country aboard flights from Loc Ninh, while nine POWs were released from Laos, as well as an additional three from China. The prisoners returned included future politicians Senator John McCain of Arizona and Representative Sam Johnson of Texas. According to John L. Borling, a former", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "9810150", "text": "the basis of longest length of time in prison. The first group had spent six to eight years as prisoners of war. The last POWs were turned over to allied hands on March 29, 1973 raising the total number of Americans returned to 591. Of the POWs repatriated to the United States a total of 325 of them served in the United States Air Force, a majority of which were bomber pilots shot down over North Vietnam or Viet Cong controlled land. The remaining 266 consisted of 138 United States Naval personnel, 77 soldiers serving in the United States Army,", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "9810165", "text": "May 6, 2006, just a year after it was used to evacuate the areas devastated by Hurricane Katrina. Operation Homecoming has been largely forgotten by the American public, yet ceremonies commemorating the 40th anniversary were held at United States military bases and other locations throughout Asia and the United States. Operation Homecoming Operation Homecoming was the return of 591 American prisoners of war (POWs) held by North Vietnam following the Paris Peace Accords that ended U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. On January 27, 1973, Henry Kissinger (then assistant to the President for national security affairs) agreed to a ceasefire", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "19238100", "text": "Bound: American Prisoners of War in Southeast Asia, 1961–1973\" (published 1999). U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War Members of the United States armed forces were held as prisoners of war (POWs) in significant numbers during the Vietnam War from 1964 to 1973. Unlike U.S. service members captured in World War II and the Korean War, who were mostly enlisted troops, the overwhelming majority of Vietnam-era POWs were officers, most of them Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps airmen; a relatively small number of Army enlisted personnel were also captured, as well as one enlisted Navy seaman who fell", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "12721398", "text": "has been made to cover up their existence. Popular culture has reflected the \"live prisoners\" theory, most notably in the 1985 film \"\". Several congressional investigations have looked into the issue, culminating with the largest and most thorough, the United States Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs of 1991–1993 led by Senators John Kerry, Bob Smith, and John McCain. It found \"no compelling evidence that proves that any American remains alive in captivity in Southeast Asia.\" The issue has been a highly emotional one to those involved, and is often considered the last depressing, divisive aftereffect of the Vietnam War", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "19238077", "text": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War Members of the United States armed forces were held as prisoners of war (POWs) in significant numbers during the Vietnam War from 1964 to 1973. Unlike U.S. service members captured in World War II and the Korean War, who were mostly enlisted troops, the overwhelming majority of Vietnam-era POWs were officers, most of them Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps airmen; a relatively small number of Army enlisted personnel were also captured, as well as one enlisted Navy seaman who fell overboard from a naval vessel. Most U.S. prisoners were captured and", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "12721430", "text": "Vietnamese to give them full access to their records, and that they had spent thousands of hours trying to find real, not fabricated, evidence of surviving Americans. Some of the most publicized testimony before the committee came in September 1992, when former Nixon Defense Secretaries Melvin Laird and James Schlesinger said that the U.S. government had believed in 1973 that some American servicemen had not been returned from Laos, despite Nixon's public statements to the contrary. Schlesinger said, \"As of now, I can come to no other conclusion. [But] that does not mean there are any alive today.\" Laird said", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "3295374", "text": "POWs because their strong resistance led other POWs in resisting their captors. \"Alcatraz\" was a special facility in a courtyard behind the North Vietnamese Ministry of National Defense, located about one mile away from Hoa Lo Prison. Each of the American POWs spent day and night in windowless cells mostly in legcuffs. On February 12, 1973, both Denton and Tschudy were released in Hanoi by the North Vietnamese along with numerous other American POWs during Operation Homecoming. Stepping off the jet back home in uniform, Denton said: \"We are honored to have had the opportunity to serve our country under", "title": "Jeremiah Denton" }, { "id": "9810156", "text": "Unaware of the code agreed upon by the POWs, Kissinger ignored their shot down dates and circled twenty names at random. Overall, Operation Homecoming did little to satisfy the American public's need for closure on the war in Vietnam. After Operation Homecoming, the U.S. still listed about 1,350 Americans as prisoners of war or missing in action and sought the return of roughly 1,200 Americans reported killed in action and body not recovered. These missing personnel would become the subject of the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue for years to come. , the Department of Defense still claimed there were 516", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "9810148", "text": "would come to be known as Operation Homecoming and was divided into three phases. The first phase required the initial reception of prisoners at three release sites: POWs held by the Viet Cong (VC) were to be flown by helicopter to Saigon, POWs held by the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) were released in Hanoi, and the three POWs held in China were to be freed in Hong Kong. The former prisoners were to then be flown to Clark Air Base in the Philippines where they were to be processed at a reception center, debriefed, and receive a physical examination. The", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "1331990", "text": "and World War II marine, were found in the Pacific area on Makin Island and returned to his hometown for a military funeral. The George E. Day Parkway is named for Medal of Honor winner Colonel George E. \"Bud\" Day, a F-100 Super Sabre pilot who is the only known American POW to escape into South Vietnam. He was later recaptured and sent to the Hanoi Hilton. Sikeston is home to the Missouri National Guard unit Company C 1140th Engineer Battalion, which took part in Operation Iraqi Freedom from February 2004 until February 2005. Company C has been restructured from", "title": "Sikeston, Missouri" }, { "id": "9810149", "text": "final phase was the relocation of the POWs to military hospitals. On Feb. 12, 1973, three C-141 transports flew to Hanoi, North Vietnam, and one C-9A aircraft was sent to Saigon, South Vietnam to pick up released prisoners of war. The first flight of 40 U.S. prisoners of war left Hanoi in a C-141A, later known as the \"Hanoi Taxi\" and is now in a museum. From February 12 to April 4, there were 54 C-141 missions flying out of Hanoi, bringing the former POWs home. During the early part of Operation Homecoming, groups of POWs released were selected on", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "11273609", "text": "United States Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs The Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs was a special committee convened by the United States Senate during the George H. W. Bush administration (1989 to 1993) to investigate the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue, that is, the fate of United States service personnel listed as missing in action during the Vietnam War. The committee was in existence from August 2, 1991 to January 2, 1993. Following the Paris Peace Accords of January 1973, U.S. prisoners of war were returned during Operation Homecoming during February through April 1973. During the late 1970s and", "title": "United States Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs" }, { "id": "12721397", "text": "relations with Vietnam in the mid-1990s was a culmination of this process. Considerable speculation and investigation has contributed to a hypothesis that a significant number of missing U.S. soldiers from the Vietnam Conflict were captured as prisoners of war by Communist forces and kept as live prisoners after U.S. involvement in the war concluded in 1973. A vocal group of POW/MIA activists maintains that there has been a concerted conspiracy by the Vietnamese and American governments since then to hide the existence of these prisoners. The U.S. government has steadfastly denied that prisoners were left behind or that any effort", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "12721402", "text": "caused some immediate concern, as previous Pentagon estimates were as high as 41 for prisoners held there, although only a few had been known to be captured for certain. Investigation of the fate of all the missing service personnel would end up residing with the Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office. The Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command also played a major role in subsequent investigations. In 1973, the Defense Department established the Central Identification Laboratory–Thailand to coordinate POW/MIA recovery efforts in Southeast Asia. The U.S. conducted some limited operations in South Vietnam in 1974 to find the remains of those missing,", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "12721425", "text": "POWs were indeed still being held captive; a July 1991 \"Wall Street Journal\" poll showed 70 percent of Americans believing this, and that three-fourths of them believed the U.S. government was not doing what needed to be done to gain their release. Interest in the matter intensified in June 1992 when President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin told NBC News in an interview that some Americans captured during the Vietnam War may have been transferred from Hanoi to the Soviet Union: \"Our archives have shown that it is true, some of them were transferred to the territory of the", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "6867454", "text": "until December 9, 1969 and spent the next three years in captivity shuffled between a number of different prisons. On March 4, 1973, both Coker and Fellowes were released as part of Operation Homecoming. Vietnam-era POWs were released by order of capture, and Fellowes and Coker were in the second large release group, about No. 123 and #124. Of their 2,382 days in captivity (6.5 years), 2.5 years were in solitary confinement and 2.5 years in the \"Hanoi Hilton\". They also spent time in several other POW camps around Hanoi. Fellowes retired from the Navy in July 1986 and Coker", "title": "George Thomas Coker" }, { "id": "12500355", "text": "civilian prisoners of war – most of them American men, women and children, as well as other Allied nationalities – from an Imperial Japanese Army internment camp located 40 miles south of Manila. \"Rescue at Los Baños\" has received positive reviews from the trade and the media. Kirkus Reviews called it \"riveting\" and The Costco Connection called the book \"history as exciting as any work of fiction.\" Henderson's national bestseller \"Hero Found: The Greatest POW Escape of the Vietnam War\" is the story of U.S. Navy pilot Dieter Dengler, who was shot down over Laos in January 1966 and escaped", "title": "Bruce Henderson (author)" }, { "id": "19238091", "text": "responsible for their mistreatment. Also, a badly beaten and weakened POW who had been released that summer disclosed to the world press the conditions to which they were being subjected, and the National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia heightened awareness of the POWs' plight. Despite several escape attempts, no U.S. prisoner of war successfully escaped from a North Vietnamese prison. On November 21, 1970, U.S. Special Forces launched Operation Ivory Coast in an attempt to rescue 61 POWs believed to be held at the Sơn Tây prison camp west of Hanoi. Fifty-six commandos landed", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "894944", "text": "the Disarm Education Fund. Zinn's diplomatic visit to Hanoi with Rev. Daniel Berrigan, during the Tet Offensive in January 1968, resulted in the return of three American airmen, the first American POWs released by the North Vietnamese since the U.S. bombing of that nation had begun. The event was widely reported in the news media and discussed in a variety of books including \"Who Spoke Up? American Protest Against the War in Vietnam 1963–1975\" by Nancy Zaroulis and Gerald Sullivan. Zinn and the Berrigan brothers, Dan and Philip, remained friends and allies over the years. Also in January 1968, he", "title": "Howard Zinn" }, { "id": "11985621", "text": "(POW) in American history. The grandson of immigrants from Mexico, Alvarez joined the United States Navy in 1960 and was selected for pilot training. On August 5, 1964, during Operation Pierce Arrow, Ensign Alvarez's A-4 Skyhawk was shot down over North Vietnam and became the first American POW of the Vietnam War. Alvarez endured eight years and seven months of brutal captivity in which he was repeatedly beaten and tortured. He was released from the prisoner of war camp in 1973 and retired as Commander in 1980. Captain Charles Kenneth Ruiz commanded the aircraft carrier in the Vietnam War. \"Bon", "title": "Hispanics in the United States Navy" }, { "id": "6658947", "text": "the terms of the 1973 Paris Peace Accords, the cease-fire was to become effective in Vietnam the morning of 28 January 1973, Saigon time. American prisoners in North Vietnam were to be released and the last 23,700 American troops withdrawn from Vietnam within sixty days. Planning for Operation Homecoming, the mission for the return of Americans held by North Vietnam, was given to the Military Airlift Command. C-141s of the 63d Military Airlift Wing, stationed at Norton AFB, California were given responsibility for bringing out the men. On 11 February, two C-130s of TAC's 374th Tactical Airlift Wing flew from", "title": "Military Airlift Command" }, { "id": "12721406", "text": "the release of all prisoners, the fullest possible accounting for the missing and repatriation of all recoverable remains of those who died serving our nation during the Vietnam War in Southeast Asia.\" The League's most prominent symbol is its POW/MIA flag. Newt Heisley designed this flag to represent America's missing men. This group was more established, less radical, and more connected to the government. The National Alliance of Families For the Return of America's Missing Servicemen was founded in 1990. Its goal was and is to resolve the fates of any unreturned U.S. prisoners of war or missing in action", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "11637239", "text": "when Hanoi was subjected for the first time to repeated B-52 Stratofortress raids. Although its explosions lit the night sky and shook the walls of the camp, scaring some of the newer POWs, most saw it as a forceful measure to compel North Vietnam to finally come to terms. The Paris Peace Accords were signed on January 27, 1973, ending direct U.S. involvement in the war, but the Operation Homecoming arrangements for the 591 American POWs took longer. McCain was finally released from captivity on March 14, 1973, being taken by bus to Gia Lam Airport, transferred to U.S. custody,", "title": "Early life and military career of John McCain" }, { "id": "8047433", "text": "shipping traveling to Korea, the Republic of the Philippines, and Japan as well as many exercises in Okinawa. A detachment from the squadron participated in the evacuation of Americans from Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on April 12, 1975, as part of Operation Eagle Pull. On April 30, 1975, an HMM-164 CH-46D crew lifted the last Americans out of Vietnam when they picked up the Marine combined security force during Operation Frequent Wind. With the advent of the Unit Deployment Program, on September 1, 1978, HMM-164 returned home to MCAS Santa Ana, California. In September 1978, the squadron rejoined Marine Aircraft Group", "title": "VMM-164" }, { "id": "9810153", "text": "those held at the Hanoi Hilton stipulated that the POWs, unless seriously injured, would not accept an early release. The rule entailed that the prisoners would return home in the order that they were shot down and captured. The POWs held at the Hanoi Hilton were to deny early release because the communist government of North Vietnam could possibly use this tactic as propaganda or as a reward for military intelligence. The first round of POWs to be released in February 1973 mostly included injured soldiers in need of medical attention. Following the first release, twenty prisoners were then moved", "title": "Operation Homecoming" }, { "id": "11617232", "text": "the human rights issue of Vietnam to the table during his visit to Vietnam in 2017 and before was the visit of Vietnamese Premier Nguyễn Xuân Phúc to the United States. As of December 14, 2007, the U.S. government listed 1,763 Americans unaccounted for in Southeast Asia, including 1,353 in Vietnam. Since 1973, as part of investigating the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue, 883 Americans have been accounted for, including 627 in Vietnam. Additionally, the U.S. Department of Defense has confirmed that of the 196 individuals who were \"last known alive\" (LKA), the U.S. government has determined the fate of all", "title": "United States–Vietnam relations" }, { "id": "12721431", "text": "in retrospect of Nixon's assurances that all POWs were coming home, \"I think it was unfortunate to be that positive. You can't be that positive when we had the kind of intelligence we had.\" In reaction to the testimony, Kerry said, \"I think it's quite extraordinary when two former secretaries of defense both give evidence documenting that they had information, or they believed personally, that people were alive and not accounted for in Operation Homecoming.\" The committee issued its unanimous findings on January 13, 1993. In response to the central question of whether any American POWs were still in captivity,", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "14554223", "text": "moral virtues that the military training had provided. Fellowes was held in five different camps while a POW including Cu Loc, Hỏa Lò (\"Hanoi Hilton\"), and Alcatraz Grove, during which he was beaten, tortured, and starved. At one point he was tortured for 12 continuous hours, which resulted in permanent damage to both of his arms. On March 4, 1973, both Coker and Fellowes were released as part of Operation Homecoming. Vietnam-era POWs were released in order of capture, and Fellowes and Coker were in the second large release group, about #123 and #124. Of their 2,382 days in captivity", "title": "John Heaphy Fellowes" }, { "id": "19238089", "text": "best we could. [We realize], over time, that we all fall short of what we aspire to be. And that is where forgiveness comes in.\" The North Vietnamese occasionally released prisoners for propaganda or other purposes. The POWs had a \"first in, first out\" interpretation of the Code of the U.S. Fighting Force, meaning they could only accept release in the order they had been captured but making an exception for those seriously sick or badly injured. When a few captured servicemen began to be released from North Vietnamese prisons during the Johnson administration, their testimonies revealed widespread and systematic", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "15581899", "text": "Vietnam: The Last Battle Vietnam: The Last Battle is a 1995 Carlton Television documentary, written and presented by John Pilger, and directed by David Munro, which returns to Vietnam nearly twenty years after the Vietnam War had ended to review those two decades. Pilger introduces the film, on the 20th anniversary of the end of the conflict, from the roof of the U.S. Embassy, Saigon, where the last American troops had departed by helicopter. Veteran Bobby Muller, interviewed on China Beach, calls the war a lie and talks about his own belief of this soon after his landing there in", "title": "Vietnam: The Last Battle" }, { "id": "16741580", "text": "probably the strongest, most exemplary leader of the whole North Vietnamese POW environment\". Coker and McKnight were the last POWs assigned to the Alcatraz Gang, being so assigned for previous fierce resistance to their treatment and an unsuccessful escape from the Power Plant or \"Dirty Bird\" prison camp. The group received special torture and were taken into torture sessions in order of rank, highest to lowest. Coker was the youngest and lowest ranking of the eleven POWs and was taken in last. He said he is still grateful for every minute the others held out. During the end of his", "title": "Alcatraz Gang" }, { "id": "3295365", "text": "Jeremiah Denton Jeremiah Andrew Denton Jr. (July 15, 1924 – March 28, 2014) was a U.S. Senator representing Alabama from 1981 to 1987, a United States Navy Rear Admiral and Naval Aviator taken captive during the Vietnam War. Denton was widely known for enduring almost eight years of grueling conditions as an American prisoner of war (POW) in North Vietnam after the A-6 Intruder he was piloting was shot down in 1965. He was the first of all American POWs held captive and released by Hanoi to step off an American plane during Operation Homecoming in February 1973. As one", "title": "Jeremiah Denton" }, { "id": "7522980", "text": "C-123s attempted to supply the besieged garrison at An Lộc, but were unsuccessful in the face of the heaviest ground fire yet encountered in the Vietnam War. Helicopter resupply was impossible due to the proliferation of automatic weapons in the area. In desperation, Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, ordered the 374th to begin a resupply effort of the camp. The wing provided support in March 1973 for Operation Homecoming, the repatriation of American prisoners from Hanoi, North Vietnam. In February 1973, the POWs, some of whom had been held since 1965, were finally released. Military Airlift Command (MAC) was given the", "title": "374th Airlift Wing" }, { "id": "18566475", "text": "Hero Found: The Greatest POW Escape of the Vietnam War Hero Found: The Greatest POW Escape of the Vietnam War is a 2010 non-fiction book by author Bruce Henderson. \"Hero Found\" is a biography of Vietnam War hero Dieter Dengler, a German-born United States Navy naval aviator who endured six months of imprisonment and torture before being rescued. Dengler survived 23 days in the jungle after escaping from a Pathet Lao prison camp. Dieter Dengler's survival skills are established at an early age growing up in the chaos of World War II Germany. After his father is killed in the", "title": "Hero Found: The Greatest POW Escape of the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "13531960", "text": "the war. Coinciding with these developments, in 1991 and 1992 the Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA affairs—chaired by John Kerry and vice-chaired by Bob Smith—conducted what many consider the most extensive independent investigation of the POW/MIA issue undertaken. In early 1993, the committee issued its report, which concluded that there was \"no compelling evidence\" that POWs were alive after the U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam, and that although there was no \"conspiracy\" in Washington to cover up live POWs, the U.S. government had seriously neglected and mismanaged the issue, particularly in the 1970s. The committee's televised hearings played a major role", "title": "United States assistance to Vietnam" }, { "id": "20364367", "text": "ejection he evaded capture for 10 days, until March 12, 1965. He spent his time in captivity at several POW locations: New Guy Village 1965; Heartbreak Hotel 1965; The Briarpatch in August 1965; Zoo 1966; Zoo Annex 1967; Unity (Hanoi Hilton); Dogpatch (9 miles south of the Chinese border) May 1972; and Unity again in Jan 1973. Hayden was the third American captured in North Vietnam, and the first Air Force pilot captured in the North during the Vietnam War. He was released during \"Operation Homecoming\" on February 12, 1973. After his ordeal, he was briefly hospitalized to recover from", "title": "Hayden Lockhart" }, { "id": "3735357", "text": "all military operations in Indochina except those of a purely defensive character related to the withdrawal, conditioned only upon agreement with the Government of the People's Republic of Vietnam for the release and repatriation of U.S. POWs. S.J. Res. 89 — Resolving that upon agreement between the U.S. and North Vietnamese Governments as to the release of American POWs, the U.S. shall declare a ceasefire in-place and withdrawal all its military forces and equipment from South Vietnam not later than nine months from the date of the agreement. Chairman Fulbright opened the hearings with a brief statement summarizing their purpose:", "title": "Fulbright Hearings" }, { "id": "447352", "text": "It began on 29 April, in an atmosphere of desperation, as hysterical crowds of Vietnamese vied for limited space. Martin pleaded with Washington to dispatch $700 million in emergency aid to bolster the regime and help it mobilize fresh military reserves, but American public opinion had soured on the conflict. President Gerald Ford had given a televised speech on 23 April, declaring an end to the Vietnam War and all U.S. aid. Frequent Wind continued around the clock, as North Vietnamese tanks breached defenses on the outskirts of Saigon. In the early morning hours of 30 April, the last U.S.", "title": "Vietnam War" }, { "id": "11537728", "text": "Laos. Before Doug Hegdahl's early release from the captivity, Brace contacted Hegdahl to ensure the outside world knew about the prisoners captured in Laos. Brace was released on March 28, 1973, spending 7 years, 10 months and 7 days in captivity, making him the longest-held civilian POW in Vietnam. Brace had not been listed as a prisoner during the past 7 years. His wife Patricia assumed her husband was dead and she remarried; a fact Brace found out at the processing station after his release. While receiving out-patient care in Naval Medical Center San Diego, Brace met a nurse named", "title": "Ernest C. Brace" }, { "id": "15581900", "text": "1965. Pilger states that Ho Chi Minh had quoted from the U.S. Declaration of Independence and sought support from Washington for his nation’s independence. An elderly woman, who lost of her husband and five children fighting the French and the Americans, is shown as an exemplar of the struggle for independence. Coal miner Pham Ngo Duc describes the massive American bombing, which, according to Pilger, journalists James Cameron and Harrison Salisbury, were vilified for reporting. Pilger recounts the final evacuation of the U.S. Embassy and what he deems as the \"peaceful\" arrival of the North Vietnamese, which ended the war.", "title": "Vietnam: The Last Battle" }, { "id": "10226056", "text": "loved one still missing in Vietnam. National League of POW/MIA Families The National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia is an American 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that is concerned with the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue. According to the group's web site, its sole purpose is \"to obtain the release of all prisoners, the fullest possible accounting for the missing and repatriation of all recoverable remains of those who died serving our nation during the Vietnam War in Southeast Asia.\" The League's most prominent symbol is its famous POW/MIA flag. The League's origins date to groups created", "title": "National League of POW/MIA Families" }, { "id": "14425463", "text": "Vietnamese parties wanted the kind of peace promised by the agreement\" was the conclusion of one scholar. The last American combat troops left Vietnam as per the Paris Peace Accords. The U.S. military command in South Vietnam, MACV ceased to exist. Fewer than 250 U.S. military personnel remained in Vietnam assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Saigon for advisory duties plus a few marines for protection of the Embassy. About 8,500 civilians working for the U.S. government remained in South South Vietnam. An official publication of North Vietnam summed up the pluses and minuses of the peace agreement. On the", "title": "1973 in the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "14425464", "text": "positive side for North Vietnam, the U.S. had ended its military operations in both South and North Vietnam and had begun to remove mines from coastal waters of North Vietnam. On the negative side, the cease fire had not been effective, although combat was not as intensive as before, and the U.S. continued to support South Vietnam by turning over its military bases and providing weapons and other military material to South Vietnam. The last known American POW, Captain Robert White, was released by North Vietnam. President Thieu of South Vietnam concluded a two-day visit to the United States. President", "title": "1973 in the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "20101112", "text": "The Vietnam War Veterans Recognition Act of 2017 was introduced into the United States Senate on February 3, 2017. It was passed by unanimous consent the same day without any amendments. The bill was received in the United States House of Representatives and referred to the United States House Committee on the Judiciary and United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution and Civil Justice on February 6, 2017. The bill was passed by the House on March 21, 2017 in a voice vote without any amendments. The bill was signed into law by President Donald Trump on March 28,", "title": "Vietnam War Veterans Recognition Act of 2017" }, { "id": "18566478", "text": "weeks after his crash-landing, Dieter arrives at a Prisoner of War (POW) camp having marched 85 miles. Here he meets other prisoners including Dwayne Martin, Prasit Thanee, Phisit Intharathat, To Yick Chiu, and Eugene DeBruin, some of whom have been imprisoned for two and a half years. The group endures illness, starvation, and brutal treatment waiting for the monsoon season when there will be enough water to sustain them during an escape. The rains do not come on time and conditions deteriorate at the camp to a point where the guards plan to kill the prisoners and return home. On", "title": "Hero Found: The Greatest POW Escape of the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "12262107", "text": "Office documentary film \"\". A research library is on site with donated photos of military personnel killed or missing in action. The POW/MIA flag waves outside the center. The center seeks to educate Americans about Vietnam and to maintain a haven for healing and reconciliation. The memorial maintains a UH-1D model Huey helicopter known originally as \"Viking Surprise,\" one of the first smokeships used in Vietnam. On March 26, 1967, the helicopter, while rescuing service personnel, was so badly damaged – 135 bullet holes – that it was returned to the United States for repairs. The copter returned to Vietnam", "title": "Vietnam Veterans Memorial State Park" }, { "id": "9944665", "text": "Doug Hegdahl Douglas Brent Hegdahl III (born September 3, 1946) is a former United States Navy officer who was held as a prisoner of war (POW) by North Vietnam during the Vietnam War. After an early release, he was able to provide the names and personal information of about 256 fellow POWs, as well as reveal the conditions of the prisoner-of-war camp. Hegdahl was born on September 3, 1946, and graduated from high school in Clark, South Dakota. On April 6, 1967, 20-year-old Hegdahl was knocked overboard by the blast from a 5-inch gun mount from the in the Gulf", "title": "Doug Hegdahl" }, { "id": "9843817", "text": "Vietnam. On March 29, 1973, the last U.S. soldier left Vietnam. On 30 April 1975, Saigon fell to North Vietnamese troops. While Nixon's campaign used the phrase, as a rhetorical trope it has a very long pedigree of use by politicians as can be seen by the list below. Peace with Honor \"Peace with Honor\" was a phrase U.S. President Richard M. Nixon used in a speech on January 23, 1973 to describe the Paris Peace Accord to end the Vietnam War. The phrase is a variation on a campaign promise Nixon made in 1968: \"I pledge to you that", "title": "Peace with Honor" }, { "id": "9152299", "text": "Burst of Joy Burst of Joy is a Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph by Associated Press photographer Slava \"Sal\" Veder, taken on March 17, 1973 at Travis Air Force Base in California. The photograph came to symbolize the end of United States involvement in the Vietnam War, and the prevailing sentiment that military personnel and their families could begin a process of healing after enduring the horrors of war. The first group of POWs leaving the prison camps in North Vietnam left Hanoi on a U.S. Air Force Lockheed C-141 Starlifter strategic airlift aircraft nicknamed the Hanoi Taxi, which flew them to", "title": "Burst of Joy" }, { "id": "449081", "text": "fighting the War on Terror. The $115-million museum will be jointly operated by the Park Service and the Fund. Groundbreaking for the project occurred in November 2012, with the center expected to open in 2020. Items left at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial are collected by National Park Service employees and transferred to the NPS Museum Resource Center, which catalogs and stores all items except perishable organic matter (such as fresh flowers) and unaltered U.S. flags. The flags are redistributed through various channels. From 1992 to 2003, selected items from the collection were placed on exhibit at the Smithsonian Institution's National", "title": "Vietnam Veterans Memorial" }, { "id": "12721428", "text": "more improvement. For critics and skeptics, the allegations fail to convincingly answer the question as to what reason the Vietnamese (and other neighboring countries) would have to hang on to living prisoners. They could have been returned post-war, or being inconvenient witnesses to abuse more easily simply murdered. Proponents of the theory often claimed that the prisoners were initially held back as part of a scheme to gain war reparations from the U.S., as cheap labor, or both, and then were continued to be held so that the Vietnamese would not have to admit to what they had done. Senator", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "12721433", "text": "the possibility that American POWs survived in Southeast Asia after Operation Homecoming, the committee said this: \"We acknowledge that there is no proof that U.S. POWs survived, but neither is there proof that all of those who did not return had died. There is evidence, moreover, that indicates the possibility of survival, at least for a small number, after Operation Homecoming.\" Committee vice-chairman Smith seemed to back away from the committee's findings within months of their being issued, appearing in April 1993 on \"Larry King Live\" with POW/MIA activist Bill Hendon, stressing his partial dissent from the majority report and", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "446891", "text": "a peak strength of about 1,000,000 soldiers in 1972. The official number of anticommunist Vietnamese personnel killed in action was 220,357. Following the communist victory on April 30, 1975, South Vietnamese veterans were rounded up and sent to reeducation camps, essentially forced labor camps in desolate areas. They were detained without trial for up to decades at a time. After being released, they and their children faced significant discrimination from the communist government. A significant proportion of the surviving South Vietnamese veterans left Vietnam for Western countries, either as boat people or through the Humanitarian Operation (HO). According to the", "title": "Vietnam veteran" }, { "id": "2416133", "text": "American prisoners by 1 April 1973, and the last U.S. combat troops departed Vietnam on 11 August 1973. However, the war was not over for the Vietnamese. By spring 1975, the North was advancing on the South. \"Coral Sea\", , \"Hancock\", , and responded on 19 April 1975 to the waters off South Vietnam when North Vietnam overran two-thirds of South Vietnam. On 29–30 April 1975, Operation Frequent Wind was carried out by Seventh Fleet forces. Hundreds of U.S. personnel and Vietnamese were evacuated from Saigon to the ships of the Seventh Fleet lying off Vũng Tàu. South Vietnam surrendered", "title": "USS Coral Sea (CV-43)" }, { "id": "15568818", "text": "Guy Gruters Captain Guy Dennis Gruters (born 1942) was a United States Air Force officer and fighter pilot best known for his survival for over five years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. He was one of the five hundred and ninety-one surviving POWs of all military services released in 1973 for return to the United States during Operation Homecoming. Guy Gruters was born in 1942 in Sarasota, Florida, but raised in New Jersey, where he spent his childhood trapping muskrat, camping, hunting and Scouting (Eagle Scout rank awarded). He won acceptance to the United States Air Force Academy", "title": "Guy Gruters" }, { "id": "10226048", "text": "National League of POW/MIA Families The National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia is an American 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that is concerned with the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue. According to the group's web site, its sole purpose is \"to obtain the release of all prisoners, the fullest possible accounting for the missing and repatriation of all recoverable remains of those who died serving our nation during the Vietnam War in Southeast Asia.\" The League's most prominent symbol is its famous POW/MIA flag. The League's origins date to groups created by Sybil Stockdale and a group", "title": "National League of POW/MIA Families" }, { "id": "12721426", "text": "former U.S.S.R. and were kept in labor camps. We don't have complete data and can only surmise that some of them may still be alive.\" Ross Perot stated that he believed that hundreds of American servicemen were left behind in Southeast Asia at the end of the U.S. involvement in the war, and that government officials were covering up POW/MIA investigations in order to not reveal a drug smuggling operation used to finance a secret war in Laos. Retired United States Army General, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and current head of the American POW/MIA delegation in", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "18566480", "text": "Air Force Skyraider flying towards him. Dieter signals the aircraft and is spotted by the pilot, Eugene Deatrick, who persists in calling a rescue despite the possibility that this could be a trap. On July 20, 1966, Dieter is finally rescued from his ordeal after 23 days in the jungle and six months after he was shot down. Dieter is reunited with his comrades on \"Ranger\" and begins the long recovery to health. His story of survival and endurance is widely reported in the press and celebrated by the U.S. government. Dieter is awarded the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism.", "title": "Hero Found: The Greatest POW Escape of the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "15568823", "text": "Honor posthumously in 1976. Guy Gruters' story was described in the book, \"Bury Us Upside Down,\" \"Into the Mouth of the Cat\", and \"Misty: Fast FACS.\" Guy Gruters Captain Guy Dennis Gruters (born 1942) was a United States Air Force officer and fighter pilot best known for his survival for over five years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. He was one of the five hundred and ninety-one surviving POWs of all military services released in 1973 for return to the United States during Operation Homecoming. Guy Gruters was born in 1942 in Sarasota, Florida, but raised in New", "title": "Guy Gruters" }, { "id": "8882742", "text": "1973, Gia Lam was the site of Operation Homecoming, the return of American POWs held by the North Vietnamese. The first repatriation, effected by the United States Air Force's Military Airlift Command, happened on February 12, 1973, when C-141s of the 63d Military Airlift Wing, flying from Clark Air Base in the Philippines, flew to Gia Lam and returned with a total of 116 former POWs. The first C-141 to return came to be known as the \"Hanoi Taxi\", named after the writing on the flight engineer's panel by the POWs aboard the plane for the freedom flight. Arizona Senator", "title": "Gia Lam Airport" }, { "id": "19238095", "text": "resumed bombing of North Vietnam starting in April 1972, whose targets included the Hanoi area. The old-time POWs cheered even more during the intense \"Christmas Bombing\" campaign of December 1972, when Hanoi was subjected for the first time to repeated B-52 Stratofortress raids. Although its explosions lit the night sky and shook the walls of the camp, scaring some of the newer POWs, most saw it as a forceful measure to compel North Vietnam to finally come to terms. Of the 13 prisons used to incarcerate POWs, five were located in Hanoi, and the remainder were situated outside the city.", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "7747529", "text": "to be replaced by the C-5 Galaxy aircraft being seconded from the regular Air Force. The \"Hanoi Taxi\" is currently housed at the National Museum of the United States Air Force, near Dayton, Ohio. For much of the late 1960s and early 1970s, 66-0177 flew out of Norton Air Force Base, San Bernardino, California with the 63rd Military Airlift Wing (MAW). The \"Hanoi Taxi\" flew Bob Hope to USO shows in South Vietnam. The \"Hanoi Taxi\" was used in 1973, in the final days of the Vietnam War, to repatriate American POWs from North Vietnam. The \"Hanoi Taxi\"'s name comes", "title": "Hanoi Taxi" }, { "id": "9332474", "text": "Tet, but it was very evident that it was totally dependent on U.S. airpower for its survival. Meanwhile, the withdrawal of American troops, who numbered less than 100,000 at the beginning of the year, was continued as scheduled. By June only six infantry battalions remained. On August 12, the last American ground combat division left the country. However, the U.S. continued to operate the base At Long Binh. Combat patrols continued there until November 11 when the U.S. handed over the base to the South Vietnamese. After this, only 24,000 American troops remained in Vietnam and President Nixon announced that", "title": "Role of the United States in the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "14425351", "text": "Nixon proposed that all US prisoners of war (POWs) be released and an internationally supervised cease fire take place. The U.S. would cease bombing and withdraw from South Vietnam within six months after those conditions were met. Nixon also announced the mining of Haiphong and other North Vietnamese harbors, calculating correcting that he could take such a step without endangering the U.S.'s improving relationships with China and the Soviet Union. Nixon's action inspired an outbreak of anti-Vietnam War protests around the U.S. with 1,800 arrests of protesters reported. In one of the largest and most intense battles of the Easter", "title": "1972 in the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "13531961", "text": "in defusing much of the passion that had surrounded the POW issue. The U.S. aid program in Vietnam expanded gradually through the 1990s, in step with the acceleration of the normalization process. In 1993, President Bill Clinton announced that the United States would no longer oppose international financial institution aid to Vietnam. The following year, President Clinton ordered an end to the U.S. trade embargo on Vietnam, a move that followed shortly after a vote in the Senate urging the embargo to be lifted. Ambassadors were exchanged in 1997. In Title II of the FY1991 Foreign Operations bill (P.L. 101-513)", "title": "United States assistance to Vietnam" }, { "id": "13117095", "text": "the Vietnamese would not allow these to be designated by the POWs themselves. The senior officers made the decision that military bearing, structure, and rules would be followed. If any of the prisoners could not walk, they were to be carried by Americans, not the Vietnamese. The release sequence would be by order of capture, starting with the first person. It was mandated that every POW must know the name and capture date of the person ahead of them. If the Vietnamese did not follow sequence, everything would come to a standstill; thus, making sure no one would be left", "title": "Norman C. Gaddis" }, { "id": "15435057", "text": "more troops. John Gorton took the Prime Minister position in January 1968. In June 1968, the government doubled the penalty for the burning of registration cards. In 1971, the government committed to a gradual but total withdrawal from Vietnam—following both Australian opinion and America's new policy. In 1972, all troops including the advisory team were ordered home from Vietnam. Draft resisters in jail were freed. The final birthday lottery was held September 22, 1972. On October 15, 1965, David J. Miller burned his draft card at a rally held near the Armed Forces Induction Center on Whitehall Street in Manhattan.", "title": "Draft-card burning" }, { "id": "4100641", "text": "inside North Vietnam. The last USAF aircraft left South Vietnam at the end of January 1973, and the final group of American Prisoners of War were released from North Vietnam on 29 March 1973. The accords effectively ended United States military operations in North and South Vietnam. Laos and Cambodia, however, were not signatories to the Paris agreement and remained in states of war with their internal rebel forces. The United States was helping the Royal Laotian government achieve whatever advantage possible before working out a settlement with the Laotian communists and their allies. The USAF flew combat sorties over", "title": "Tactical Air Command" }, { "id": "446893", "text": "Republic of Vietnam, from February 28, 1961 to May 7, 1975, as being eligible for such programs as the department's Readjustment Counseling Services program, also known as the Vet Centers. The Vietnam War was the last American war with conscription. Nationals of other nations fought in the American-led anti-communist coalition, usually as armed forces of allied nations, such as Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, and South Korea, but sometimes as members of the US armed forces. Republic Of China (Taiwan), Spain and Philippines contributed assistance in non-combat roles. Australia deployed approximately three battalions of infantry, one regiment of Centurion tanks, three", "title": "Vietnam veteran" }, { "id": "14430865", "text": "on the second helicopter. Additional helicopters were then sent to evacuate the Marine guards, under the command of Major James Kean, with the last eleven leaving the Embassy at 0753 hours. Master Sergeant Juan Valdez was the last Marine to board the last helicopter out of Saigon. The 420 people awaiting evacuation were abandoned. Twenty-five years of U.S. military involvement in South Vietnam had ended. South Vietnamese air force Major Buang landed a small Cessna airplane on the landing deck of the . His wife and five children were aboard. American crew members applauded and took up a collection to", "title": "1975 in the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "12721396", "text": "action with no body recovered. Many of these were Airmen who were shot down over North Vietnam or Laos. Investigations of these incidents have involved determining whether the men involved survived being shot down. If they did not survive, then the U.S. government considered efforts to recover its soldiers' remains. POW/MIA activists played a role in pushing the U.S. government to improve its efforts in resolving the fates of these missing soldiers. Progress in doing so was slow until the mid-1980s, when relations between the U.S. and Vietnam began to improve and more cooperative efforts were undertaken. Normalization of U.S.", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "2554382", "text": "February 1973. The last A-4 loss in the Vietnam War occurred on 26 September 1972, when USMC pilot Captain James P. Walsh, USMC of VMA-211, flying close air support from Bien Hoa Air Base, South Vietnam, was hit by ground fire during the Battle of An Lộc. Captain Walsh ejected safely and was the last U.S. Marine to be taken prisoner during the war. He was released as a POW on 12 February 1973. Although the first A-4Es were flown in Vietnam in early 1965, the A-4Cs continued to be used until late 1970. On 1 June 1965, the Chu", "title": "Douglas A-4 Skyhawk" }, { "id": "11273626", "text": "McCain disputed Perot's notion that the U.S. had \"ransomed our prisoners out of Hanoi\" at the close of the war. Some of the most publicized testimony before the committee came in September 1992, when former Nixon Defense Secretaries Melvin Laird and James Schlesinger said that the U.S. government had believed in 1973 that some American servicemen had not been returned from Laos, despite Nixon's public statements to the contrary. Schlesinger said, \"As of now, I can come to no other conclusion. [But] that does not mean there are any alive today.\" Laird said in retrospect of Nixon's assurances that all", "title": "United States Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs" }, { "id": "11537722", "text": "Ernest C. Brace Ernest Cary Brace (August 15, 1931 – December 5, 2014) was the longest-held civilian prisoner of war (POW) during the Vietnam War. A decorated Marine Corps fighter pilot and mustang, Brace was court-martialed in 1961 for attempting to fake his own death. He flew as a civilian contract pilot before being captured in Laos in 1965 while flying supplies for USAID. He spent almost eight years as a POW and upon his release received a Presidential Pardon in light of his good conduct. Brace was born in Detroit, Michigan in 1931. He enlisted in the Marine Corps", "title": "Ernest C. Brace" }, { "id": "3735366", "text": "effects of planned civil disobedience; South and North Vietnamese treatment of POWs and likelihood of mutual exchange without conditions. April 28, 1971. Testimony by Melville L. Stephens (former Navy Lt.) on the weaknesses of arguments for setting definite withdrawal date; U.S. responsibility to South Vietnamese people. Discussion followed regarding commitment to Vietnamese versus domestic commitment. May 3, 1971. Testimony by Secretary of State John N. Irwin and Deputy Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pacific affairs William H. Sullivan on the review of Administration policy on ending U.S. participation in Vietnam war and repatriation of American POWs; opposition of announcement", "title": "Fulbright Hearings" }, { "id": "18586813", "text": "goes back to the Australian historian, Lynette Silver. The land where the site located is a private property owned by Dr. Othman Minudin who have stated that the land should be \"forever\" remain as a memorial. The order also includes that the actual camp site will remain untouched by nature. The memorial stone was erected on 27 August 2009, handed over by the Minister of Tourism Datuk Masidi Manjun, by the land owner Dr. Othman and Lynette Silver as a representative of the members of the public. The memorial is located about 8 kilometres south of Ranau on the road", "title": "Last POW Camp Memorial" }, { "id": "12721399", "text": "for the United States. The origins of the POW/MIA issue date back to during the war itself. Suffering from a lack of accurate intelligence sources inside North Vietnam, the U.S. never had solid knowledge for how many American prisoners of war were held. Indeed, the U.S. often relied upon possibly inaccurate North Vietnamese newspapers and radio broadcasts to find out who had been captured, as well as memorized lists of names brought out by the few American POWs given early release. As the Department of Defense built up lists of those in the categories of killed in action, killed in", "title": "Vietnam War POW/MIA issue" }, { "id": "10944683", "text": "Willis E. Forby, over North Vietnam. The HH-43 was hit by ground fire and crashed in the jungle. Curtis, Robinson, and Black were all captured by the North Vietnamese Army and taken to a POW camp in North Vietnam. They were later released during Operation Homecoming. Martin, on the other hand was captured by the Pathet Lao and taken to a POW camp in Laos. There, he joined fellow prisoners Eugene DeBruin (American), Phisit Intharathat, Prasit Promsuwan, Prasit Dhanee (all Thai), and Y.C. To (Chinese). They were joined in February 1966 by Dieter Dengler. On June 29, 1966, while the", "title": "Duane W. Martin" }, { "id": "18772659", "text": "winter. After about a week, Shumaker had not relented, and he was forced to kneel for another week. Finally, he was kneeling on broom handles with boards on his shoulders. After a month the Vietnamese finally broke him and went on to the next POW. Shumaker was released in Operation Homecoming on February 12, 1973. He had been promoted to the rank of Commander during his captivity. His fellow POWs consider him as a resister, leader, and patriot. He was briefly hospitalised to recover from his injuries at Balboa Naval Hospital, from February to June 1973, and then attended the", "title": "Robert H. Shumaker" }, { "id": "11637221", "text": "crown prince\". Two days after McCain's plane went down, that event and his status as a POW made the front pages of \"The New York Times\" and \"The Washington Post\". Interrogation and beatings resumed in the hospital; McCain gave the North Vietnamese his ship's name, squadron's name, and the attack's intended target. This information, along with personal details of McCain's life and purported statements by McCain about the war's progress, would appear over the next two weeks in the North Vietnamese official newspaper \"Nhân Dân\" as well as in dispatches from outlets such as the Cuban news agency Prensa Latina.", "title": "Early life and military career of John McCain" }, { "id": "2990534", "text": "“Vietnam had advocates. This was an older generation, and they didn’t know who to turn to.” In 2008, investigators began to conduct searches on Tarawa atoll in the Pacific Ocean, trying to locate the remains of 139 American Marines, missing since the Battle of Tarawa in 1943. Between 2013 and 2016 the remains of 37 USMC were recovered from Tarawa. As of December 14, 2018, according to the U.S. Department of Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Accounting Office, there were still 72,776 U.S. servicemen and Civilians still unaccounted for from World War II. According to official US Department of Army and", "title": "Missing in action" }, { "id": "18029992", "text": "the 87th Academy Awards. It premiered on PBS television on April 28, 2015. During the chaotic final weeks of the Vietnam War, the North Vietnamese Army closes in on Saigon as the panicked South Vietnamese people desperately attempt to escape. On the ground, American soldiers and diplomats confront the same moral quandary: whether to obey White House orders to evacuate U.S. citizens only—or to risk punishment and save the lives of as many South Vietnamese citizens as they can. The events recounted in the film mainly center on the US evacuation of Saigon codenamed Operation Frequent Wind. Interviewees included Henry", "title": "Last Days in Vietnam" }, { "id": "19238092", "text": "by helicopter and assaulted the prison, but the American prisoners had been moved some months earlier and none were rescued. While the raid failed to free any POWs and was considered a significant intelligence failure, it had several positive implications for American prisoners. The most immediate effect was to affirm to the POWs that their government was actively attempting to repatriate them, which significantly boosted their morale. Additionally, soon after the raid all acknowledged American prisoners in North Vietnam were moved to Hỏa Lò so that the North Vietnamese had fewer camps to protect and to prevent their rescue by", "title": "U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War" }, { "id": "705546", "text": "it had recaptured the territory that it had lost earlier. After two clashes that left 55 South Vietnamese soldiers dead, President Thieu announced on 4 January that the war had restarted and that the Paris Peace Accord was no longer in effect. There were over 25,000 South Vietnamese casualties during the ceasefire period. In August 1974, Nixon was forced to resign as a result of the Watergate scandal, and the US Congress voted to reduce assistance to South Vietnam from $1 billion a year to $700 million. By this time, the Ho Chi Minh trail, once an arduous mountain trek,", "title": "South Vietnam" } ]	when was the last pow released from vietnam
[ "Toni Braxton", "Teddy Bishop", "Johntá Austin", "Bryan-Michael Cox" ]	[ { "id": "8571183", "text": "Just Be a Man About It \"Just Be a Man About It\" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton from her third studio album, \"The Heat\" (2000). It was released on June 20, 2000, as the album's second single. \"Just Be a Man About It\" is a telephone breakup song, where Braxton questions the status of a partner's manhood and Dr. Dre plays the wayward lover breaking the news to her. According to producer Teddy Bishop, Martin Lawrence and Will Smith were originally considered to perform the speaking parts of the song. However, due to scheduling conflicts, it never", "title": "Just Be a Man About It" }, { "id": "8571187", "text": "Dre questions Braxton about the man, she remains indifferent, causing him to give her the finger and leave. Just Be a Man About It \"Just Be a Man About It\" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton from her third studio album, \"The Heat\" (2000). It was released on June 20, 2000, as the album's second single. \"Just Be a Man About It\" is a telephone breakup song, where Braxton questions the status of a partner's manhood and Dr. Dre plays the wayward lover breaking the news to her. According to producer Teddy Bishop, Martin Lawrence and Will Smith", "title": "Just Be a Man About It" }, { "id": "2723714", "text": "of 194,448 copies sold, it remained in the top 20 for fifteen consecutive weeks. Braxton again worked with producers Babyface and Foster; also included in the staple were Rodney Jerkins, and new beau musician Keri Lewis. Braxton took a more hands-on approach, co-writing and co-producing a handful of the tracks. One selection on \"The Heat\", titled \"Gimme Some\", featured a rap verse from TLC star Lisa \"Left Eye\" Lopes. The album's second single, \"Just Be a Man About It\", peaked at number 32 on the Hot 100 and number six on the R&B Charts. The third single, \"Spanish Guitar\", peaked", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "13791362", "text": "twelve, making it her highest chart performance since her 2000 single \"Just Be a Man About It\", which peaked at number six. In the UK, \"Yesterday\" became Braxton's first hit single since the release of \"Hit the Freeway\", peaking at number 50 on the UK Singles Chart and at number seventeen on the UK R&B Singles Chart. Yesterday (Toni Braxton song) \"Yesterday\" is a song by American R&B singer–songwriter Toni Braxton. The track is the lead single from her album, \"Pulse\", released on May 4, 2010. Trey Songz appears on the American version released to radio, \"Troy Taylor Radio Edit\".", "title": "Yesterday (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "5415707", "text": "Mona Lisa. Austin was signed in the mid-late 1990s to RCA Records before being dropped in favor of R&B singer Tyrese Gibson. However, he ended up writing a few songs for him (including the hit \"Sweet Lady\") as well as writing for other artists. In 1998, Austin co-wrote \"Miss You\" for Aaliyah's self-titled third studio album (2001), the track remained unreleased. Instead, it was later included on the posthumously released compilation album, \"I Care 4 U\" (2002). Austin co-wrote \"Just Be a Man About it\" for The Heat, third studio album for Toni Braxton. Austin co-wrote Mariah Carey's hit 2005", "title": "Johntá Austin" }, { "id": "2723729", "text": "11, 2009 and features Trey Songz. It was released as the lead single from her sixth studio album \"Pulse\". \"Yesterday\" peaked at No. 12 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart making it her highest chart performance since her 2000 single \"Just Be a Man About It\", which peaked at No. 6. The single has been released worldwide on May 3, 2010. In the UK, \"Yesterday\" became Braxton's first hit single since the release of \"Hit the Freeway\", peaking at No. 50 on the UK Singles Chart and at No. 17 on the UK R&B Singles Chart. The song", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "2723742", "text": "This marked Braxton's seventh No. 1 hit on the Adult R&B Songs chart and first since her 2000 release \"Just Be a Man About It.\" The song also hit number 16 on \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/ Hip Hop Airplay chart. The second single from the album was called \"Where Did We Go Wrong?\" It peaked at No. 11 on the Adult R&B Songs chart. The album was nominated for World's Best Album at the 2014 World Music Awards. The album won for Best R&B Album at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in 2015. In September 2013, it was announced that Braxton", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "5416608", "text": "songs \"He Can't Love U\" and \"Let's Get Married\". He contributed to Tamar Braxton's debut album, \"Tamar\" co-writing and producing \"Get None\" with musical partner Jermaine Dupri. He wrote and co-produced the second single \"Just Be a Man About It\" from Toni Braxton's third studio album, \"The Heat\". Michael-Cox worked with Usher contributing to \"Confessions\" co-writing and co-producing Billboard Hot 100 number one songs \"Burn\" and \"Confessions Part II\". Confessions won Best Contemporary R&B Album at the 2005 Grammy's. Confessions has been certified diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and, as of 2012, has sold 10,3 million", "title": "Bryan-Michael Cox" }, { "id": "15723529", "text": "\"A Better Man\" from her fourth studio album, \"More Than a Woman\" (2002), \"Maybe\", a single from \"The Heat\" and an Hex Hector remix for \"Spanish Guitar\". In 2013, a new version of the compilation was released, with a different cover art and track list. The new edition contains the singles \"Another Sad Love Song\", \"I Don't Want To\" and \"Just Be a Man About It\", who were scrapped from the first edition, as well as Braxton's latest singles, \"Yesterday\" and \"Hands Tied\". Playlist: The Very Best of Toni Braxton Playlist: The Very Best of Toni Braxton is the fourth", "title": "Playlist: The Very Best of Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "7671048", "text": "the United States for Braxton and the second single, \"Just Be a Man About It\", became a top-ten R&B hit. \"The Heat\" was certified double platinum by the RIAA and has sold four million copies worldwide. Braxton released her first Christmas album, \"Snowflakes\", the next year. Her fifth studio album \"More Than a Woman\" was released in 2002. In the United States the album charted within the top-twenty and also received a gold certification. In April 2003, Braxton left LaFace/Arista and signed a record deal with Blackground Records. \"Libra\", the first album release through them, debuted at number four on", "title": "Toni Braxton discography" }, { "id": "3922729", "text": "and enjoying coed skinny-dipping. Third track, \"Spanish Guitar\" ,was written by Diane Warren (who wrote \"Un-Break My Heart\") and was considered a \"latin ballad\", inspired by \"Un-Break My Heart\". Lyrically, the song has the singer inviting an alluring stranger to play her \"through the night\" like a \"Spanish Guitar.\" The fourth track \"Just Be a Man About It\" is a telephone breakup song, with Toni once again questioning the status of a partner's manhood and Dr. Dre playing the wayward lover breaking the news to her, while fifth track, \"Gimme Some\", features Lisa \"Left Eye\" Lopes and was named \"an", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "3922733", "text": "was the song \"Just Be a Man About It\". It reached number 36 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number six on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks. Outside of the US, \"Spanish Guitar\" was released as the album's second single on September 25, 2000 (initially LaFace Records did not release it as a single, due to the promotion of \"Just Be a Man About It\"). It achieved moderate success on the charts around the world, reaching the top 40 in Austria, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland. In the US, when it was released as the album's third single, \"Spanish Guitar\"", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "8571184", "text": "happened. Dr. Dre was asked to appear on the song due to being in the studio next door while the song was being recorded. The song received mostly positive reviews from music critics. Stephen Thomas Erlewine from AllMusic called it \"an instant classic\" and picked it one of the best songs of the album, alongside \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" and \"Spanish Guitar\". CD Universe wrote that \"[e]ven Dr. Dre's guest appearance on 'Just Be a Man About It' nods to the sensual recitatives and bedside manners of '70s love men like Barry White.\" Bog Roget wrote for Amazon that Braxton", "title": "Just Be a Man About It" }, { "id": "3922734", "text": "only managed to reach number 98 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, number 20 on the Adult Contemporary and topped the Dance Music/Club Play Singles. The album's final single, \"Maybe\", achieved minor success on the R&B and dance charts, due to the cancelled racy video. \"The Heat\" received a positive reception from most music critics. Stephen Thomas Erlewine from AllMusic wrote that the album \"is a confident, assured, sexy effort that reaffirms Braxton's status as one of the finest contemporary mainstream soul singers.\" While praising the singles \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", \"Spanish Guitar\" and \"Just Be a Man About It\", he", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "2723697", "text": "Toni Braxton Toni Michelle Braxton (born October 7, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, television personality, and philanthropist. She began performing with her sisters in a family group known as The Braxtons in the late 1980s, who were signed to Arista Records. Braxton attracted the attention of producers Antonio \"L.A.\" Reid and Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, later recording a series of songs for them before being signed to their Arista-distributed imprint, LaFace Records. Her self-titled debut studio album (1993) reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the United States, selling 10 million copies worldwide and", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "8571185", "text": "\"delivers a tough take on reality with 'Just Be a Man About It,' which pits her against Dr. Dre in a breakup scenario that carries much more force than weightless trifles\". The music video for \"Just Be a Man About It\", directed by Bille Woodruff, opens with Braxton's boyfriend (played by rapper Dr. Dre, who also provides additional vocals to the track) leaving a Hawthorne, California, strip club named Bare Elegance, accompanied by a woman. He stops at a payphone to call up Braxton, who is in their apartment. She looks happy at first, but as he tells her not", "title": "Just Be a Man About It" }, { "id": "8571204", "text": "with the guitar morphing into Braxton in his arms. Towards the end, he and Braxton have a dance scene together. The video was directed by Billie Woodruff, who also directed the videos for \"Un-Break My Heart\", \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", and \"Just Be a Man About It\". Spanish Guitar (song) \"Spanish Guitar\" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton from her third studio album, \"The Heat\" (2000). It was released on September 25, 2000, as the album's third single. The song was written by Diane Warren and produced by David Foster. It was never released as a commercial single", "title": "Spanish Guitar (song)" }, { "id": "10686140", "text": "of Me\", as well as a few singles. Her single \"Let Me Return the Favor\" reached No. 82 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in November 1998, and her single \"Share the Love\" was remixed for clubs and peaked at No. 4 on the \"Billboard\" Dance Charts in June 1999. She has appeared as a back-up vocalist on many albums. Andrea Martin (musician) Andrea Monica Martin (born April 14, 1972 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American R&B singer-songwriter and producer. She is primarily known for writing hit songs (often with longtime partner Ivan Matias) for artists like Toni Braxton (\"I", "title": "Andrea Martin (musician)" }, { "id": "20129388", "text": "My Man (Tamar Braxton song) \"My Man\" is a song recorded by American singer Tamar Braxton from her fifth studio album \"Bluebird of Happiness\" (2017). It was released as the lead single from the record on April 27, 2017, through eOne Entertainment and Braxton's independent record label Tamartian Land Records. \"My Man\" was produced by Bob Robinson Jr. and written by Braxton and Cory Rooney. A R&B and soul ballad and torch song, its lyrics are about infidelity and its negative impact on a relationship. Braxton wrote the song about her parents' marriage and their relationship following their divorce, and", "title": "My Man (Tamar Braxton song)" }, { "id": "2723760", "text": "2012 because of \"minor health issues\" related to lupus. Toni Braxton Toni Michelle Braxton (born October 7, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, television personality, and philanthropist. She began performing with her sisters in a family group known as The Braxtons in the late 1980s, who were signed to Arista Records. Braxton attracted the attention of producers Antonio \"L.A.\" Reid and Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, later recording a series of songs for them before being signed to their Arista-distributed imprint, LaFace Records. Her self-titled debut studio album (1993) reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "20576335", "text": "Long as I Live (Toni Braxton song) \"Long as I Live\" is a song by American recording artist Toni Braxton released on February 9, 2018. The song serves as the second single from Braxton's eighth studio album \"Sex & Cigarettes\" (2018). Written by Toni Braxton, Paul Boutin, and Antonio Dixon and produced by Dixon. The song received two Grammy nominations for Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards. On February 27, 2018, Braxton appeared on the daytime show \"Loose Women\" to promote the single \"Long as I Live\" and her upcoming album \"Sex &", "title": "Long as I Live (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "3922724", "text": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album) The Heat is the third studio album by American singer Toni Braxton. It was released on April 25, 2000, by LaFace Records. The album marked Braxton's departure from her ballads in favor of a more urban sound. Most of the songs (including the nearly instrumental \"The Art of Love\") were written and produced by Braxton and her husband Keri Lewis (a former member of Mint Condition); two ballads were penned by Diane Warren, and collaborations featured rappers Dr. Dre and Lisa \"Left Eye\" Lopes. \"The Heat\" opened at number two on the \"Billboard\" 200 with", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "2723703", "text": "and introduced himself, saying he wanted to produce her. Although skeptical, Braxton decided to, in her words, \"take a chance\" and accepted. Braxton and her four sisters (Traci, Towanda, Trina, and Tamar) began performing as The Braxtons in the late 1980s and were signed to Arista Records in 1989. Their first single, \"Good Life\", was released in 1990. Though the song was not successful, it attracted the attention of Antonio \"L.A.\" Reid and Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds. Reid and Babyface recruited her to record a demo of \"Love Shoulda Brought You Home\", a song that they had written for Anita Baker", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "2723699", "text": "on the \"Billboard\" 200 and saw the success of its lead single, \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", which reached number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and brought Braxton her sixth Grammy Award, for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance. Braxton's subsequent studio albums, \"More Than a Woman\" (2002), \"Libra\" (2005) and \"Pulse\" (2010), were released amid contractual disputes and health issues, including a lawsuit against her former manager for mismanaging her relationship with Arista Records. In 2014, Braxton and longtime collaborator Babyface released a duet album entitled \"Love, Marriage & Divorce\", which earned the duo an additional Grammy Award for Best", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "3922739", "text": "Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"The Heat\". Musicians Technical Artwork The Heat (Toni Braxton album) The Heat is the third studio album by American singer Toni Braxton. It was released on April 25, 2000, by LaFace Records. The album marked Braxton's departure from her ballads in favor of a more urban sound. Most of the songs (including the nearly instrumental \"The Art of Love\") were written and produced by Braxton and her husband Keri Lewis (a former member of Mint Condition); two ballads were penned by Diane Warren, and collaborations featured rappers Dr. Dre and Lisa \"Left Eye\"", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "17703674", "text": "Artist Collection: Toni Braxton Artist Collection: Toni Braxton is the third greatest hits compilation by American R&B singer Toni Braxton, released in 2004 by BMG Heritage Records, exclusively released for South America. The compilation was released at the same time that \"Platinum & Gold Collection\" was released. In addition to her most famous hits, such as \"Un-Break My Heart\", \"Breathe Again\", \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" and others, the album collects some of Braxton's random tracks from her latest albums, \"The Heat\" (2000), \"Snowflakes of Love\" (2001) and \"More Than a Woman\" (2002). \"Artist Collection: Toni Braxton\" is Braxton's third compilation", "title": "Artist Collection: Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "7671045", "text": "Association of America (RIAA). It spawned four singles, including \"Breathe Again\", which peaked within the top-ten in the United States, Australia, Canada, Ireland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The album sold over ten million copies worldwide. Braxton's second studio album, \"Secrets\", was released in 1996. Featuring songwriting and production by Reid, Babyface, Diane Warren, R. Kelly and David Foster, the album peaked at number two on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart and was certified eight-times platinum by the RIAA. It also made the top-ten in many other countries including Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The album", "title": "Toni Braxton discography" }, { "id": "2723708", "text": "also topped the R&B singles chart for two weeks and saw similar success in Europe and Asia. The album's second single, \"Un-Break My Heart\", written and composed by Diane Warren, became the biggest hit of Braxton's career, spending 11 consecutive weeks at number one on the Hot 100 and also topping the Hot Dance Singles Sales chart for eleven weeks and the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart for four weeks. as well as reaching no 2 in the UK Other singles from the album included the double A-side \"I Don't Want To\"/\"I Love Me Some Him\" (which peaked at number", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "4937775", "text": "Toni Braxton (album) Toni Braxton is the debut studio album by American singer Toni Braxton. It was released on July 13, 1993, by LaFace Records and Arista Records. \"Toni Braxton\" debuted at number 36 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and later spent two non-consecutive weeks atop the chart as well as three non-consecutive weeks atop the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. It has sold 5,135,000 copies in the United States and 10 million copies worldwide. The album was primarily produced by L.A. Reid, Babyface, and Daryl Simmons. The first single, \"Another Sad Love Song\", peaked at numbers seven and two on the", "title": "Toni Braxton (album)" }, { "id": "17703675", "text": "of greatest hits, released at the same time \"Platinum & Gold Collection\" was released, on October 12, 2004, being released specifically for South America. The compilation collects some of Braxton's biggest hits, such as \"Love Shoulda Brought You Home\", \"Breathe Again\", \"Un-Break My Heart\" and \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", while many other songs are not singles, being found on her last three albums, \"The Heat\" (such as \"The Art of Love\"), \"Snowflakes\" (such as (Snowflakes of Love) and \"More Than a Woman\" (such as \"Lies, Lies, Lies\", \"Me and My Boyfriend\" and others). Andy Kellman of \"Allmusic\" states that the", "title": "Artist Collection: Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "13791356", "text": "Yesterday (Toni Braxton song) \"Yesterday\" is a song by American R&B singer–songwriter Toni Braxton. The track is the lead single from her album, \"Pulse\", released on May 4, 2010. Trey Songz appears on the American version released to radio, \"Troy Taylor Radio Edit\". Outside North America, the original version of the song was released, which features only Braxton's vocals. The song was a moderate success on \"Billboard\"'s Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and peaked at number twelve. In the United Kingdom, the song debuted at number 50 on the Official UK Singles top 100 Chart and at number 17 on R&B Singles", "title": "Yesterday (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "6586555", "text": "Please (Toni Braxton song) \"Please\" is a song by American recording artist Toni Braxton. It was written by Scott Storch, Makeba Riddick, Vincent Herbert, and Kameron Houff for her fifth studio album, \"Libra\" (2005), while production was chiefly helmed by Storch. One out of several songs on the album to feature a more hard-edged production, \"Please\" is a spare, mid-tempo R&B and hip-hop song with a heavy bottom and zippy strings. Lyrically, it that talks about how to handle a temptation in a relationship. The track was released as the album's lead single to US rhythmic and urban AC radio", "title": "Please (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "9809749", "text": "version was composed with the songs from the compilation, with the exception of \"Spanish Guitar\", that is featured on the regular version, instead of the \"Royal Garden\" remix present on \"The Essential\". The singles \"I Love Me Some Him\" and \"Hit the Freeway weren't on the Brazilian edition. Andy Kellman of \"Allmusic\" gave to the compilation a rating of 4.5 out of 5 stars, writing that the album \"amounts to an expanded update of 2003's Ultimate Toni Braxton, nearly doubling the content and digging deeper into the discography of one of the biggest R&B artists of the '90s. With the", "title": "The Essential Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "20129391", "text": "she was happy about not having to \"sell people on things that I want to do\". \"My Man\" was produced by Bob Robinson Jr. and written by Braxton and Cory Rooney. Robinson had previously worked with Braxton on her 2000 eponymous debut album, co-writing and producing five songs. \"My Man\" was released on April 27, 2017, which was accompanied by an announcement on Braxton's official Instagram account. On her post, she encouraged her fans to use the hashtag \"#MyMan\" to share similar experiences regarding infidelity. A radio edit of the song was released on the same day. It was featured", "title": "My Man (Tamar Braxton song)" }, { "id": "16407857", "text": "I Heart You (Toni Braxton song) \"I Heart You\" is a song by American recording artist Toni Braxton. It was written and produced by Toni Braxton & Keri Lewis. The song was released as a non-album single. Musically, the song is a dance-pop song and the lyrics speak about being in love with someone and desiring that the person feels the same. The song received positive reviews, most critics commended the track for having a \"dance vibe\" and an \"anthemic chorus\". In 2011, Toni Braxton became an independent artist by parting ways with, her then manager, Vincent Herbert and signing", "title": "I Heart You (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "4762123", "text": "of her siblings including her sisters Toni, Traci, Towanda, and Trina, as well as her only brother Michael, Jr. In 2001, Braxton was married to her first husband, music producer Darrell \"Delite\" Allamby. Allamby was a songwriter and producer who worked with his frequent songwriting partner Lincoln \"Link\" Browder, as well as Silk, Busta Rhymes and Gerald Levert. The two met while Allamby worked on her 2000 debut album's tracks \"Money Can't Buy Me Love\" and \"Once Again\". The couple divorced in 2003 after two years of marriage. In 2003, Tamar began dating Vincent Herbert, a record executive whom she", "title": "Tamar Braxton" }, { "id": "6586762", "text": "Hit the Freeway \"Hit the Freeway\" is a song by the American recording artist Toni Braxton, released as the lead-single from her fourth studio album, \"More Than a Woman\" (2002). The song, which features American rapper Loon, was written by Pharrell Williams and Loon himself, while production was handled by Pharrell's production duo The Neptunes. It is an R&B and hip-hop song, with lyrics about an ex trying to rekindle with Braxton, but Braxton claims she's not interested in him anymore. The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised its catchiness and contagiousness, and picked it as", "title": "Hit the Freeway" }, { "id": "10686139", "text": "Andrea Martin (musician) Andrea Monica Martin (born April 14, 1972 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American R&B singer-songwriter and producer. She is primarily known for writing hit songs (often with longtime partner Ivan Matias) for artists like Toni Braxton (\"I Love Me Some Him\"), Monica (\"Before You Walk Out of My Life\"), Angie Stone (\"Wish I Didn't Miss You\"), En Vogue (\"Don't Let Go (Love)\"), SWV (\"You're the One\"), and Leona Lewis (\"Better in Time\"). Martin worked with \"The X Factor\" 2008 winner Alexandra Burke on a song for her debut album \"Overcome\". In 1998, Martin released \"The Best", "title": "Andrea Martin (musician)" }, { "id": "11827064", "text": "Braxton released a song “Lifeline” as the official lead single from her second album, “On Earth”, which was released on August 24, 2018. She was born in Severn, Maryland. Her father, Michael Conrad Braxton, Sr., was a Methodist clergyman and power company worker, and her mother, Evelyn Jackson, a native of South Carolina, was a former opera singer and cosmetologist, as well as a pastor. Braxton's maternal grandfather was also a pastor. Braxton has an older brother Michael, Jr. (born in 1968) and four sisters, Toni (born in 1967), Towanda (born in 1973), Trina (born in 1974), and Tamar (born", "title": "Traci Braxton" }, { "id": "2723753", "text": "Carey and Whitney Houston. Over the span of her career Braxton has sold over 66 million records, including 40 million albums, worldwide. Braxton's musical catalog contains many classics that have won her many accolades. Her greatest is \"Un-Break My Heart\", the Diane Warren-penned ballad that spent 11-weeks at number 1. Bob McCann, author of \"Encyclopedia of African American Actresses in Film and Television\" (2010), considered it \"simply one of the most haunting R&B records ever made.\" Reviewer Mark Edward Nero named it one of the best R&B break-up songs and considered it Braxton's \"finest moment\". He further commented, \"damn, this", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "8566042", "text": "Love Shoulda Brought You Home \"Love Shoulda Brought You Home\" is the debut solo single by American singer Toni Braxton. It was written by Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, Daryl Simmons, and Bo Watson and produced by Edmonds and Simmons along with L.A. Reid. Originally featured on the soundtrack to the romantic comedy film \"Boomerang\" (1992), the song was later included on Braxton's self titled debut album \"Toni Braxton\" (1993). The single became a top 40 hit the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charting at number thirty-three and her second consecutive top five hit on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charting at number four. \"Love", "title": "Love Shoulda Brought You Home" }, { "id": "9809748", "text": "Makin' Me High\", \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" and others, the first disc contains \"Tell Me\", from her 2002 album \"More Than a Woman\" and \"Give U My Heart\", a duet with Babyface to the soundtrack of the 1992 film \"Boomerang\". The second disc contains some singles who performed very moderate on charts, such as \"Hit the Freeway\", many songs from her 1996 album \"Secrets\", the duet with Il Divo, \"The Time of Our Lives\", remixes from her remix compilation, \"\", as well as her first single with her sisters, The Braxtons, called \"Good Life\". The track list for the Brazilian", "title": "The Essential Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "8571094", "text": "Suddenly (Toni Braxton song) \"Suddenly\" is a song by American R&B singer–songwriter Toni Braxton, released internationally in February 2006 as the lead single from the European edition of her fifth studio album, \"Libra\" (2005). Written and produced by Richard Marx, it failed to make the charts anywhere. The track features Chris Botti on the trumpet, and was originally planned to appear on his 2005 album \"\". Marx recorded this song as a duet with Braxton for his 2008 studio release \"Sundown\" and would later release it as a solo track on and yet as a different version on Beautiful Goodbye.", "title": "Suddenly (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "8571093", "text": "Suddenly (Toni Braxton song) \"Suddenly\" is a song by American R&B singer–songwriter Toni Braxton, released internationally in February 2006 as the lead single from the European edition of her fifth studio album, \"Libra\" (2005). Written and produced by Richard Marx, it failed to make the charts anywhere. The track features Chris Botti on the trumpet, and was originally planned to appear on his 2005 album \"\". Marx recorded this song as a duet with Braxton for his 2008 studio release \"Sundown\" and would later release it as a solo track on and yet as a different version on Beautiful Goodbye.", "title": "Suddenly (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "19535661", "text": "Hurt You \"Hurt You\" is a song by American recording artists Toni Braxton and Babyface released on August 17, 2013. The song serves as the lead single from the collaborative studio album \"Love, Marriage & Divorce\" (2014). Written by Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, Daryl Simmons, Toni Braxton, Antonio Dixon and produced by Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds. During early February 2013, Braxton appeared on Good Morning America and The Wendy Williams Show to promote her new movie role in the Lifetime Movie \"Twist of Faith\", also confirming the rumors of her retirement, revealing that she was retiring from music and stating that she", "title": "Hurt You" }, { "id": "2723711", "text": "bankruptcy. Public reaction to these events was very harsh, having been expressed most clearly in an interview on \"The Oprah Winfrey Show.\" Upon successfully filing for bankruptcy, Braxton relinquished the rights to many of her valued possessions, including the Grammys and American Music Awards she had previously been granted. Braxton has appeared in two Disney Broadway shows: She made her Broadway debut as Belle in \"Beauty and the Beast\" beginning September 9, 1998 when she replaced Kim Huber. During her run in the show Alan Menken wrote and composed a new song for the musical, titled \"A Change in Me\",", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "19284515", "text": "Toni Braxton: Unbreak My Heart Toni Braxton: Unbreak My Heart (also known as Unbreak My Heart) is a 2016 American television biographical film about R&B singer Toni Braxton. It premiered at Lifetime on January 23, 2016. It derives its title from Braxton's book \"Toni Braxton Unbreak My Heart a Memoir\" and her most notable hit \"Un-Break My Heart\". The film stars Lex Scott Davis as Toni Braxton, Debbi Morgan as Evelyn Braxton, Skye P. Marshall as Towanda Braxton, Tiffany Hines as Tamar Braxton and Gavin Houston as Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds. The film was directed by Vondie Curtis Hall and written", "title": "Toni Braxton: Unbreak My Heart" }, { "id": "10485220", "text": "Good Life (The Braxtons song) \"Good Life\" is a 1990 single by The Braxtons, featuring Toni Braxton and her four sisters: Towanda, Trina, Traci Braxton, and Tamar Braxton. \"Good Life\", written by the German songwriting/production team Klarmann/Weber, was Toni Braxton's first professional recording. Toni Braxton and her sisters signed with Arista Records as The Braxtons in 1989. In 1990, they released \"Good Life\", their first and only single as a fivesome. The single, backed with \"Family\" as a B-side, reached #79 on the Billboard Hot Black Single charts. The song wasn't a major hit but it caught the attention of", "title": "Good Life (The Braxtons song)" }, { "id": "7671043", "text": "Toni Braxton discography The discography of American recording artist Toni Braxton consists of eight studio albums, five extended plays, six compilation albums, two remix albums, thirty singles (including three featured singles) and twenty-two music videos. Braxton was born in Severn, Maryland on October 7, 1967. Her mother, an opera vocalist, encouraged Braxton and her four sisters to sing in church at a young age. In 1990, songwriter Bill Pettaway discovered the sisters and helped them obtain a record deal with Arista Records, as the group titled The Braxtons; the group's debut single, \"Good Life\", was released the same year. Although", "title": "Toni Braxton discography" }, { "id": "2723701", "text": "sister, Tamar, \"Tamar & Vince\". In 2011, Braxton was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. Toni Michelle Braxton was born in Severn, Maryland. Her father, Michael Conrad Braxton Sr., was a Methodist clergyman and power company worker, and her mother, Evelyn Jackson, a native of South Carolina, was a former opera singer and cosmetologist, as well as a pastor. Braxton's maternal grandfather was also a pastor. Braxton is the eldest of six siblings. She has a younger brother Michael Jr. (born 1968) and four younger sisters Traci (born 1971), Towanda (born 1973), Trina (born 1974), and Tamar (born", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "7671047", "text": "release from her record contract. However, LaFace countersued, a move which prompted Braxton to file for bankruptcy. She spent the next year in a state of oblivion, but reached an agreement with LaFace the year after. Her third studio album, \"The Heat\", was released in April 2000. The album debuted at number two on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart and topped the R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. It also reached number one in Canada and charted within the top-ten in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The lead single, \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", became another top-five Hot 100 hit in", "title": "Toni Braxton discography" }, { "id": "8566887", "text": "music video filmed, it has become one of Braxton's most requested singles. As such, it was included on her 2003 singles collection \"Ultimate Toni Braxton\". I Love Me Some Him \"I Love Me Some Him\" is a song by American R&B singer Toni Braxton from her second studio album, \"Secrets\" (1996). Written by Andrea Martin and Gloria Stewart and produced by the Danish duo Soulshock & Karlin, the song was released as the flipside to the album's third single, \"I Don't Want To\", solely in the United States, while international versions of \"I Don't Want To\" did not include \"I", "title": "I Love Me Some Him" }, { "id": "4938219", "text": "Braxton released her first compilation album, \"Ultimate Toni Braxton\", in 2003. Later, in 2004, BMG Heritage Records released her second greatest hits compilation, titled \"Platinum & Gold\" compilation. The collection includes 12 tracks, such as her hits \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", \"Another Sad Love Song,\" \"Breathe Again,\" \"You Mean the World to Me,\" \"Un-Break My Heart,\" but not \"You're Makin' Me High\". The album also features the non-single \"A Better Man\", taken from \"More Than a Woman\". Jason Birchmeier of \"Allmusic\" gave the compilation 3.5 out of 5 stars, writing that, \"\"Platinum & Gold Collection\" rounds up and remasters most", "title": "Platinum & Gold Collection (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "2723072", "text": "Pop Songwriter of the Year trophy seven times and a total of 51 BMI Awards, which includes Song of the Year for his Toni Braxton hit, \"Breathe Again\", in 1994. Babyface was honored with the 2,508th star of the Hollywood Walk of Fame on October 10, 2013. The star is located at 6270 Hollywood Boulevard. On October 18, 2018, he was conferred with an honorary doctorate degree from Indiana University Bloomington in recognition of his illustrious career in music. Babyface (musician) Kenneth Brian Edmonds (born April 10, 1959), known professionally as Babyface, is an American singer, songwriter and record producer.", "title": "Babyface (musician)" }, { "id": "5022253", "text": "songwriter for Screen Gems Publishing, where she collaborated with several other artists before teaming up with Carole Bayer Sager. They wrote the song \"A Groovy Kind of Love,\" which was recorded by The Mindbenders in 1966 (after the group split with Wayne Fontana) and reached the top of the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. She also recorded as a solo artist in this period. Wine became a member of The Archies in 1969, along with Jeff Barry, Bobby Bloom, and Ron Dante. In 1970 she co-wrote \"Candida\", which she recorded with Linda November and Tony Orlando. This was followed by", "title": "Toni Wine" }, { "id": "19535665", "text": "Braxton and Babyface appeared on Arsenio Hall Show on November 22, 2013 performing \"Hurt You\". They also appeared on The Steve Harvey Morning Show on February 3, 2014 and The Ellen Degeneres Show on May 9, 2014 performing \"Hurt You\". Hurt You \"Hurt You\" is a song by American recording artists Toni Braxton and Babyface released on August 17, 2013. The song serves as the lead single from the collaborative studio album \"Love, Marriage & Divorce\" (2014). Written by Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, Daryl Simmons, Toni Braxton, Antonio Dixon and produced by Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds. During early February 2013, Braxton appeared", "title": "Hurt You" }, { "id": "9019156", "text": "A Change in Me \"A Change in Me\" is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical \"Beauty and the Beast\", a stage adaptation of Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name. The song was written specifically for American singer Toni Braxton when she joined the production to play the role of Belle in 1998, four years into the musical's run. Menken and Rice wrote \"A Change in Me\" to appease Braxton after Rice promised the singer, who was hesitant to sign her contract, that he would write an entirely new song for", "title": "A Change in Me" }, { "id": "14317431", "text": "Make My Heart \"Make My Heart\" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton. It contains an interpolation from \"We're Going to a Party\" (1977) by Evelyn \"Champagne\" King. Written by Lucas Secon, Makeba Riddick, Joseph Freeman, Aubreya Gravatt, Theodore Life, Jr. and produced by Lucas Secon for Braxton's sixth studio album \"Pulse\" (2010), it was released on February 23, 2010 as the album's third and final single. In a review of the album Pulse BBC.co.uk stated \"The brass-infused Make My Heart sees Braxton singing higher than her comfortable range, and Lookin’ At Me draws too obviously on Beyoncé's Halo,", "title": "Make My Heart" }, { "id": "6284807", "text": "a mixed review for Slant Magazine, writing that \"while Braxton meshed impeccably with her hip-hop counterparts on \"More Than A Woman\", her collaboration with Rich Harrison sounds forced, even desperate. And with the Babyface and Daryl Simmons-penned \"I Wanna Be (Your Baby)\", the team that once delivered multiple R&B classics all on one Braxton record struggles to produce just one for their old friend here.\" \"Libra\" debuted at number four on the US \"Billboard\" 200 for the issue dated ending October 5, with 114,000 copies sold. Braxton's fourth top five entry, it marked a significant lift for the singer, whose", "title": "Libra (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "7309845", "text": "Braxton's signature songs, peaking at number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, where the single stood for several weeks, and number one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs for four weeks. As of 2017, this song is her last Top 10 appearance on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. An accompanying music video was released for the single. The song earned Braxton her sixth Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance in 2001. \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" was released as the lead single from Braxton's studio album \"The Heat\" (2000). The song was written by Rodney Jerkins, Fred Jerkins III, LaShawn Daniels,", "title": "He Wasn't Man Enough" }, { "id": "2723704", "text": "for the soundtrack of Eddie Murphy's film, \"Boomerang\". Baker, who was pregnant at the time, did not record the song but suggested, that Braxton record it. Her recording was later included on the soundtrack along with \"Give U My Heart\", a duet by Braxton and Babyface. Braxton, meanwhile, was signed to Reid and Edmonds' Arista-distributed imprint, LaFace Records, and immediately began recording her solo debut album. On July 13, 1993, LaFace Records released Braxton's self-titled debut album, \"Toni Braxton\". The album, which was primarily produced by Reid, Babyface, and Daryl Simmons, peaked at number one on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "2723751", "text": "for R&B audiences, but smooth enough for adult contemporary; sophisticated enough for adults, but sultry enough for younger listeners; strong enough in the face of heartbreak to appeal to women, but ravishing enough to nab the fellas.\" Braxton began her career singing traditional R&B and soft rock ballads and love songs on her debut and second albums. However, hip-hop soul and dance music elements begun to get spun into her sound on \"The Heat\", \"More Than a Woman\", and \"Pulse\". She also showcased her classical training while performing in Broadway plays \"Beauty and the Beast\" and \"Aida\" as well as", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "5022251", "text": "Toni Wine Toni Wine (born June 4, 1947 in Washington Heights, New York City, United States) is an American pop music songwriter, who wrote songs for such artists as The Mindbenders (\"A Groovy Kind of Love\"), Tony Orlando and Dawn (\"Candida\"), Elvis Presley, and Checkmates, Ltd. (\"Black Pearl\") in the late 1960s and 1970s. Wine also sang the female vocals for the cartoon music group The Archies, most notably on their #1 hit song \"Sugar, Sugar\" (singing the line, \"I'm gonna make your life so sweet\"). However, she did not sing the lead vocal in the song \"Jingle Jangle\", but", "title": "Toni Wine" }, { "id": "7309844", "text": "He Wasn't Man Enough \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" is a song by American R&B recording artist and songwriter Toni Braxton and released by LaFace Records on March 7, 2000 as the lead single from her third studio album, \"The Heat\" (2000). The song was produced by Rodney \"Darkchild\" Jerkins. \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" is an uptempo dance-pop and R&B inspired song that differs in genre from Braxton's previous ballads. The song received generally positive reviews from music critics, many of whom praised it as one of Braxton's best works. \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" had international success and became one of", "title": "He Wasn't Man Enough" }, { "id": "2723715", "text": "at number 98 on the Hot 100 and number one on the Hot Dance & Club charts. The fourth single, \"Maybe\", peaked at 74 on the R&B charts. \"The Heat\" was certified double platinum in the U.S. and, by 2002, had sold over 4 million copies worldwide. \"The Heat\" was nominated for many awards. At the 43rd Annual Grammy Awards, the album's lead-single, \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", was nominated for Best R&B Song and eventually won a Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance, while the album itself was nominated for Best R&B Album. She was also nominated for", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "4994315", "text": "\"Somebody get me some toilet paper!\" Each sister and brother Michael soon after went in the bathroom and began singing the \"Toilet Paper Song.\" The Braxtons credit this incident as their first song-writing experience and the first time that they harmonized as a group. Growing up, they sang in the choir at several churches and toured the East Coast with their religious parents singing at various events. Toni, Traci, Towanda, Trina, and Tamar Braxton signed their first record deal with Arista Records in 1989. In 1990, they released their first single, \"Good Life\". It would be their only single as", "title": "The Braxtons" }, { "id": "14317433", "text": "\"The Ellen DeGeneres Show\" on April 27, 2010. The music video for \"Make My Heart\" was directed by Bille Woodruff and shot back-to-back with the video for \"Hands Tied,\" also directed by Woodruff. It was premiered on April 13, 2010. Braxton's sisters Towanda Braxton, Tamar Braxton, Traci Braxton, and Trina Braxton make cameo appearances in the video. Credits adapted from \"Pulse\" liner notes. Make My Heart \"Make My Heart\" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton. It contains an interpolation from \"We're Going to a Party\" (1977) by Evelyn \"Champagne\" King. Written by Lucas Secon, Makeba Riddick, Joseph Freeman,", "title": "Make My Heart" }, { "id": "7076701", "text": "to his fourth album \"Take a Back Road\", was released in April 2011. It became his sixth number 1 late in the year, and accounted for his highest placement on the Hot 100, at number 23. The song was co-written by Luke Laird and Rhett Akins, the latter of whom co-wrote \"Farmer's Daughter\". \"He's Mine\" was the album's second single. The song was originally recorded by Billy Ray Cyrus, and Atkins chose to release it because it received positive reactions from fans in concert. It peaked at number 23 on the country chart in April 2012. \"Just Wanna Rock N'", "title": "Rodney Atkins" }, { "id": "7311761", "text": "Gant, Melvin Gentry, Bo Watson, and Bobby Lovelace, with Bill Simmons sometimes joining as well. Outside of Midnight Star, a few band members have contributed to other projects. Bo Watson co-wrote a few songs for singer Toni Braxton. He co-wrote the Babyface duet \"Give U My Heart\" and \"Love Shoulda Brought You Home\" from the \"Boomerang\" soundtrack as well as the song \"Spending My Time With You\" on Braxton's self-titled debut. Watson also helped write other songs such as \"Turn Down the Lights\" for Shanice, \"Rock Steady\" for The Whispers and \"Meeting in the Ladies' Room\" for Klymaxx. Reggie and", "title": "Midnight Star" }, { "id": "3922727", "text": "in January 2000, during an interview with CNN.com, Toni revealed that the album was going to be released in March 2000, while stating, \"Some of the producers on the album are, of course Babyface, R. Kelly, David Foster, Keith Crouch and Keri Lewis of Mint Condition, just to name a few,\" while also revealing collaborations with Lisa \"Left Eye\" Lopes from TLC and Dr. Dre. \"The Heat\" is built on solid ballads and smoldering, mid-tempo dance numbers, as noted by AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine. Colin Ross of \"PopMatters\" noted that, \"By taking a more active role in the writing and", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "17729456", "text": "The music video was released on Braxton and Babyface's joint VEVO account October 11, 2013. On December 14, 2013 \"Hurt You\" rose to the number 1 spot on Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart for four weeks. The song spent 41 weeks on the Adult R&B Songs chart before exiting the Top 20 Chart. This marked Braxton's seventh No. 1 hit on the Adult R&B Songs chart and first since her 2000 release \"Just Be a Man About It\". The song also hit number 16 on \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip Hop Airplay chart.<ref name=\"Hot R&B/Hip Hop Airplay chart\"></ref> \"Where Did We Go", "title": "Love, Marriage & Divorce" }, { "id": "3922725", "text": "199,000 copies sold in its first week. It was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on October 13, 2000, with sales of over 2.2 million copies in the United States. Additionally, the album was nominated for Best R&B Album at the 2001 Grammy Awards, while lead single \"He Wasn't Man Enough\" won for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and was nominated for Best R&B Song. After the success of her second studio album, \"Secrets\" (1996), which spawned Braxton's signature song and biggest commercial success of her career, \"Un-Break My Heart\", and sold over 15 million", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "4695839", "text": "Records. Jon B's early influences as a musician include: Duran Duran, Inxs, Marvin Gaye, Michael Jackson, Babyface, Prince and Sade. He spent the summer after high school writing, producing and recording 40 songs and began making his rounds to all major record labels. Jon B., prior to his rise to fame, used to be a songwriter and wrote songs for After 7, Toni Braxton, Michael Jackson, Color Me Badd, the Spice Girls and others. Jon B.'s popularity began in the mid-1990s, he released his debut studio album in 1995 entitled \"Bonafide\"; the album spawned the popular hit and Grammy-nominated single", "title": "Jon B." }, { "id": "4937942", "text": "More Than a Woman (album) More Than a Woman is the fifth studio album by American singer Toni Braxton. It was released on November 18, 2002, by Arista Records. The album contained both hip hop and urban adult contemporary sounds, as well as some softer and more contemporary melodies. Throughout the project, Braxton worked with her sister Tamar and husband Keri Lewis on most of the songs, who had written and produced material for her previous album. She also worked with hip hop producers and rappers such as Irv Gotti, The Neptunes, Mannie Fresh and Loon, as well as Rodney", "title": "More Than a Woman (album)" }, { "id": "8571186", "text": "to wait up for him that night alleging he needs space, her facial expression suddenly changes. The following scenes show Braxton wandering about the apartment, talking on the phone, standing next to the balcony, lying on a couch, and throwing objects such as vases and a picture frame containing a photo of Dre. At one point, Dre hangs up on Braxton, which infuriates her. Toward the end of the video, a man (Q-Tip) shows up to visit Braxton; they hug each other and proceed to cuddle on the couch, much to Dre's annoyance by the time he arrives home. When", "title": "Just Be a Man About It" }, { "id": "4762122", "text": "music video of \"Love It\" from her 2015 album \"Calling All Lovers\". On the 26, she released the music video of \"Wanna Love You Boy\", from her last album \"Bluebird of Happiness\". On the 29, she released the music video of \"Pieces\", from her 2013 album \"Love and War\". In the same time, she made her movie acting debut in the upcoming film \"Gangland\" from Jean-Claude La Marre. Braxton possesses a four-octave soprano vocal range. She lists Mariah Carey, Whitney Houston, Diana Ross, Kim Burrell, and her eldest sister, Toni Braxton, as some of her influences. Braxton is the youngest", "title": "Tamar Braxton" }, { "id": "3922732", "text": "when?, where?, how?, who?, what?\", made you go off and do this crazy thing. The album's lead single, \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", was released on March 17, 2000, to critical acclaim, and won a Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance. It was also a success on the charts, where it peaked at number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and topped the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks. Elsewhere, it topped the Canadian Singles Chart, while reaching the top 10 in Australia, New Zealand, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The album's second single in the US", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "18929753", "text": "on the song's genre. The track was described as a \"ratchet club banger\" and one of the album's \"silly dance numbers\" by a writer for \"Rap-Up\" and Kevin C. Johnson of the \"St. Louis Post-Dispatch\", respectively. Idolator's Mike Wass referenced it as a \"upbeat, funk-heavy track\". When performing the single, she described it as dealing with how to maintain a relationship with one's partner; she explained: \"Ladies and gents, that's how you get 'em, keeping 'em is a different story.\" Some of the lyrics include: “Give your man what he dreamin’ about.” In the hook, Braxton sings: \"He want that", "title": "Hot Sugar (Tamar Braxton song)" }, { "id": "19535663", "text": "studio album after a number of singers and friends including Anita Baker, Prince, Missy Elliott, Madonna and Barbra Streisand had reached out to her not to retire the music business. The song debuted at number 17 on Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart on September 7, 2013, later rising to the number 1 spot on December 14, 2013 for four weeks. The song spent 41 weeks on the Adult R&B Songs chart before exiting the Top 20 Chart. This marked Braxton's seventh No. 1 hit on the Adult R&B Songs chart and first since her 2000 release \"Just Be a Man", "title": "Hurt You" }, { "id": "8566232", "text": "Breathe Again \"Breathe Again\" is a song by American R&B singer Toni Braxton from her \"self-titled debut album\" (1993). Written by Babyface and produced by L. A. Reid, Babyface, and Daryl Simmons, the ballad was released as the album's second single, garnering heavy airplay during the summer and autumn of 1993, which resulted in it being the most successful single released from the album. The single peaked at number three on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number four on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and Adult Contemporary charts. The song reached number two on the UK charts in January 1994.", "title": "Breathe Again" }, { "id": "8571213", "text": "Maybe (Toni Braxton song) \"Maybe\" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton from her third studio album, \"The Heat\" (2000). It was released to urban adult contemporary radio in the United States on February 6, 2001, as the album's fourth and final single. The music video for \"Maybe\", directed by Chris Robinson, remained unreleased as Braxton felt it was too risqué. The treatment saw Braxton arriving home from the 2001 Grammy Awards ceremony after winning the award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for \"He Wasn't Man Enough\". She enters in the infamous dress and begins to undress while", "title": "Maybe (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "7671050", "text": "spanning over two decades, Braxton has accumulated sales of 68 million records worldwide. Toni Braxton discography The discography of American recording artist Toni Braxton consists of eight studio albums, five extended plays, six compilation albums, two remix albums, thirty singles (including three featured singles) and twenty-two music videos. Braxton was born in Severn, Maryland on October 7, 1967. Her mother, an opera vocalist, encouraged Braxton and her four sisters to sing in church at a young age. In 1990, songwriter Bill Pettaway discovered the sisters and helped them obtain a record deal with Arista Records, as the group titled The", "title": "Toni Braxton discography" }, { "id": "20333006", "text": "Bluebird of Happiness (album) Bluebird of Happiness is the fifth and final studio album by American R&B singer Tamar Braxton, released on September 29, 2017, through LoganLand Records and Entertainment One. The album has been preceded by the release of four singles—\"My Man\" followed by \"Blind\" and then \"The Makings of You\" and \"Wanna Love You Boy\". The album is a success reached the top 1 at the \"Billboard\" Independent and reached 5 on the Us Top Albums Sales. On January 17, 2017, Braxton announced during an interview with Hollywood Today regarding her upcoming fifth studio album \"this album for", "title": "Bluebird of Happiness (album)" }, { "id": "3922728", "text": "production of the set, Toni's material begins to be constructed around her voice rather than the latest producer's sound.\" The album's first single and opening track, \"He Wasn't Man Enough\", was written and produced by Rodney Jerkins. The R&B song, with synth-funk bassline and Jerkins' taut beats and harp, has Toni warning a female friend not to marry a man the singer knows all too well and that came back begging for forgiveness. On the title track, \"The Heat\", co-written by Keri Lewis, was described as \"an infectious mid-tempo groove.\" Lyrically, the song talks about wanting to \"get it on\"", "title": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "20346411", "text": "Deadwood (Toni Braxton song) \"Deadwood\" is a song by American recording artist Toni Braxton released on September 14, 2017. The song serves as the lead single from Braxton's eighth studio album \"Sex & Cigarettes\" (2018). Written by Toni Braxton, Royce Doherty, Kwame Ogoo and Fred Ball and produced by Ball. On August 25, 2017, it was announced that director Bille Woodruff was directing a new music video for Braxton confirming the name of a new single titled \"Deadwood\". On September 5, 2017, in an interview with \"The Insider\", Braxton confirmed the title of her upcoming eighth studio album \"Sex &", "title": "Deadwood (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "2723733", "text": "was recorded on February 1, 2010. Music legends Quincy Jones and Lionel Richie act as Executive Producers as well as Wyclef Jean. Artists involved included Celine Dion, Barbra Streisand, Janet Jackson, Tony Bennett, Wyclef Jean, Josh Groban, Pink, Usher, Mary J. Blige, Jennifer Hudson, Adam Levine, Justin Bieber, LL Cool J, among others. According to Braxton, via a lawsuit, TMZ, and VH1's Behind the Music, after her \"Toni Braxton: Revealed\" show was abruptly cancelled back in 2008, the insurance agency, Lloyd's of London refused to honor her policy that she purchased for upwards of $70,000 that included financial compensations for", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "6586559", "text": "Riddick, Kameron Houff, and Vincent Herbert, with production being handled by Storch. A frequent collaborator, Herbert had co-written and produced her 1994 hit \"How Many Ways. Vocal production was overseen by Keri Lewis, while Braxton's younger sister Tamar, Riddick, Kim Johnson and Keri Hilson all provided background vocals on \"Please\". Musically, \"Please\" is an upbeat R&B and hip-hop song that talks about how to handle a temptation in a relationship. Braxton starts the song singing, \"I know you watching all over here, trying to find a way to come into my situation, because you should know that it is so", "title": "Please (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "3724876", "text": "Bob Marley song \"Stir It Up\" (#53 R&B) for the \"Cool Runnings\" soundtrack that same year. King's next single, \"Shy Guy\", co-written and produced by Andy Marvel was released in 1995. The song, which only took them 10 minutes to write, became a hit, reaching #13 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and being certified gold by the RIAA in the U.S.; the single also hit #2 on the UK Singles Chart, as well as reaching #1 on the Eurochart Hot 100 Singles chart, going on to sell nearly five million singles worldwide. \"Shy Guy\" was also ranked by the Japanese", "title": "Diana King" }, { "id": "2723749", "text": "Lifetime Movie Network January 22, 2018. The second single \"Long as I Live\" was released on February 9, 2018. On April 20, 2018, Trina, Towanda and Toni appears as featuring on their sister Traci's single \"Broken Things\" On October 23, 2018, Braxton announced a joint tour with SWV, As Long As I Live Tour for 2019. Toni and her sister Towanda are the stars on the christmas tv movie \"Every Day is Christmas\" which premiered on the Lifetime Movie Network November 24, 2018. The album \"Sex & Cigarettes\" is nominated for three Grammy Awards: Best R&B Performance and Best R&B", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "2723707", "text": "the first album without being musically redundant.\" Along with Babyface, Braxton also worked with R. Kelly, Tony Rich, and David Foster on the album. Braxton co-produced the album and co-wrote two of its songs, including the 1997 single \"How Could an Angel Break My Heart\", which was also later included on \"Diana Princess of Wales Tribute,\" a Princess Diana memorial album. With help from the album's first single, \"You're Makin' Me High\", which became Braxton's first number-one hit on the Hot 100 singles chart, the album peaked at number two on the \"Billboard\" 200 albums chart. \"You're Makin' Me High\"", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "13791360", "text": "solo version and one for the remix featuring Trey Songz. Filming the video for the single started on October 8, 2009 in Los Angeles with director Bille Woodruff (known for such classic Braxton videos as \"Un-Break My Heart\" and \"He Wasn't Man Enough\"). Photos from the video were revealed on her official website on October 28 and show Braxton playing a piano, and Songz playing her boyfriend. The video premiered on \"The Wendy Williams Show\" on November 20, 2009. The video features singer Brooke Hogan as well as basketball players Shannon Brown and Ron Artest from the Los Angeles Lakers.", "title": "Yesterday (Toni Braxton song)" }, { "id": "7003359", "text": "David Porter (musician) David Porter (born November 21, 1941) is an American record producer, songwriter, singer, entrepreneur and philanthropist. Porter was a 2005 inductee into the Songwriters Hall of Fame, with catalog sales exceeding 300 million units. In 2015, \"Rolling Stone\" listed him among the 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time. He is best known for songwriting, having written Sam & Dave's \"Soul Man\" (1968 Grammy winner), Mariah Carey's \"Dreamlover\" (1993 Grammy winner), Will Smith's \"Gettin' Jiggy wit It\" (1999 Grammy winner), and Sam & Dave's \"Hold On, I'm Comin'\". He is also the founder of the Memphis-based Consortium MMT,", "title": "David Porter (musician)" }, { "id": "8566400", "text": "out of the Australian Singles Chart. Credits taken from Discogs website. You Mean the World to Me \"You Mean the World to Me\" is the fourth single from Toni Braxton's self-titled debut album, \"Toni Braxton\" (1993). Written by Babyface, L.A. Reid, and Daryl Simmons, the track was released in April 1994. It was a radio hit, peaking at number 3 on both the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 Airplay (Radio Songs) and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts, and at number 7 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. The music video for You Mean the World to Me was directed by Lionel", "title": "You Mean the World to Me" }, { "id": "2723718", "text": "the Freeway\", failed at radio and peaked at number 86 on the Hot 100. The two singles, that followed (\"A Better Man\", \"Lies, Lies, Lies\") were scrapped, failed to make a dent and missed the Hot 100 completely. \"More Than a Woman\" was certified gold by RIAA and sold more than 800,000 copies worldwide. Prior to the release of the album, a dispute erupted between Braxton and Irv Gotti, when he played a rough cut of \"No More Love\", a song that he produced for the album, that was to be the first single. Disapproving of Gotti broadcasting the unfinished", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "6284795", "text": "four million copies worldwide and produced the Grammy Award-winning uptempo hit single \"He Wasn't Man Enough.\" The following year, Braxton released the commercially unrecognized Christmas album \"Snowflakes\" (2001) and began work on her next album \"More Than a Woman\". A continuation of \"The Heat\", it saw her reteaming with a variety of famed hip hop producers and rappers such as Irv Gotti, The Neptunes, Mannie Fresh, and Loon in favor of a \"harder sound.\" In September 2002, while gearing up for the release of the album, Braxton discovered she was pregnant with her second child and she was subsequently forced", "title": "Libra (Toni Braxton album)" }, { "id": "2723705", "text": "albums chart. The first single, \"Another Sad Love Song\", peaked at number seven and number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and R&B Singles charts respectively. The album's second single, \"Breathe Again\", peaked in the top five of both the Hot 100 and R&B singles charts and no 2 in the UK. More singles from \"Toni Braxton\" were released in 1994, including \"You Mean the World to Me\", \"Seven Whole Days\", and \"I Belong to You/How Many Ways\". Braxton's debut album won her several awards, including three Grammy Awards (for Best New Artist and two consecutive awards for Best Female", "title": "Toni Braxton" }, { "id": "3465691", "text": "group after the commercial and critical success of \"Sons of Soul\". According to vocalist and bassist Raphael Wiggins, each member had pursued individual music projects, and \"the group was trying to figure out where everybody's time, space and head was at.\" He, D'wayne Wiggins, and Timothy Christian Riley worked on songwriting and production for other recording artists during the band's hiatus, including D'Angelo, En Vogue, Karyn White, Tevin Campbell, and A Tribe Called Quest. Raphael Wiggins adopted the surname \"Saadiq\" for his professional name in 1994—\"man of his word\" in Arabic—and released his solo single \"Ask of You\" in 1995.", "title": "Tony! Toni! Toné!" }, { "id": "20863230", "text": "On Earth On Earth is the second studio album by American singer Traci Braxton. The album was released on August 24, 2018 through Soul World Entertainment. The album was preceded by the release of one single — \"Lifeline\" and one promotional single \"Broken Things\" featuring Toni Braxton, Towanda Braxton and Trina Braxton. The album features production for Dave \"DaveyBoy\" Lindsey (Monica, Missy Elliott) and production duo Chris N Teeb (Jennifer Lopez, Danity Kane). Following the release of her debut studio album Crash & Burn (2014), work began on her second studio album in late 2015. On May 17, 2016, during", "title": "On Earth" }, { "id": "14878282", "text": "album. The album's first single, \"Gone Already\", was released in August 2010 and peaked at number 26 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The song was nominated for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for the 2011 Grammy Awards. \"Gone Already\" was released as the album's lead single on August 10, 2010. Written by Faith Evans, Carvin Haggins, Ivan Barias, Ryan Toby, Corey Williams and Johnathan Smith, and produced by Haggins and Ivan (better known as Carvin & Ivan), the song received warm reception from critics - one of whom listed the \"Toni Braxton-worthy breakup ballad\" as one of", "title": "Something About Faith" }, { "id": "4938183", "text": "new songs, \"Whatchu Need\" (produced by Rodney Jerkins) and \"The Little Things\" (produced by R. Kelly). Toni's first single \"Give U My Heart\" (a duet with Babyface) that was included on the \"Boomerang\" soundtrack, and a remix of \"Un-Break My Heart\". There is also a Box Set edition of the album which contains six additional remixes. According to \"Billboard\", the album has sold 400,000 copies as of May 2013. It was certified Gold in the UK, in July 2013. After releasing four studio albums, the last, \"More Than a Woman\" (2002), was a chart disappointment, being her first studio album", "title": "Ultimate Toni Braxton" } ]	who wrote just be a man about it by toni braxton
[ "Brendon McCullum" ]	[ { "id": "8060391", "text": "New Zealand's target and win the match. Martin Guptill has accrued the most runs in the format, and is the only batsman to have scored more than 2,200 runs. Aaron Finch has made the two highest individual scores in T20Is, with his innings of 172 against Zimbabwe in 2018 eclipsing his previous record of 156, against England in 2013. Pakistani bowler Shahid Afridi holds the records for the most wickets, having taken 98 wickets in 99 matches. Sri Lanka's Ajantha Mendis has recorded the best two set of bowling figures in T20Is, and is the first bowler to have taken", "title": "Twenty20 International" }, { "id": "5609767", "text": "Brendon McCullum Brendon Barrie \"Baz\" McCullum, (born 27 September 1981) is a New Zealand former international cricketer, who played all formats, and also a former captain in all forms. McCullum took quick scoring to Test matches as well, notably recording the fastest test century of all time. He is considered as one of the most successful batsmen and captains of New Zealand cricket. McCullum is the former leading run scorer in Twenty20 International cricket and is the first and so far only one of the two players to have scored two Twenty20 International centuries and 2000 runs in T20 Internationals(apart", "title": "Brendon McCullum" }, { "id": "8060390", "text": "in for the 2024 Summer Games, but there must be collective support shown by the ICC's membership base, in particular from BCCI, in order for there to be a chance of inclusion. The highest team total in a T20I was made by Australia in September 2016, against Sri Lanka. Australia scored 263 runs for the loss of three wickets (263/3). The lowest total also came in a match involving Sri Lanka: in 2014, the Netherlands were bowled out for just 39 runs against them. The highest successful chase was made in February 2018, when Australia scored 245 runs to overhaul", "title": "Twenty20 International" }, { "id": "4825488", "text": "most ODI centuries, having scored 49 ODI Centuries. The first Twenty20 International (T20I) century was scored by Chris Gayle who amassed 117 runs against South Africa at Johannesburg in the very first match of ICC World Twenty20 tournament in 2007. Rohit Sharma currently holds the record for most T20I centuries, having scored 4 T20I Centuries. The fastest recorded century in Test cricket terms of balls faced is held by Brendon McCullum who scored 100 runs from 54 balls against Australia at Christchurch, New Zealand in 2016, beating the previous record of 56 held jointly by Viv Richards and Misbah-ul-Haq. The", "title": "Century (cricket)" }, { "id": "2466837", "text": "Graham Gooch Graham Alan Gooch, (born 23 July 1953) is a former English first-class cricketer who captained Essex and England. He was one of the most successful international batsmen of his generation, and through a career spanning from 1973 until 2000, he became the most prolific run scorer of all time, with 67,057 runs across first-class and limited-overs games.<ref name=\"Records / Combined First-class, List A and Twenty20 / Batting records / Most runs in career\"></ref> His List A cricket tally of 22,211 runs is also a record. He is one of only twenty-five players to have scored over 100 first-class", "title": "Graham Gooch" }, { "id": "8564083", "text": "On 29 August 2013, Finch set a new record for Twenty20 international cricket for the highest ever T20I individual score, when he scored 156 runs off 63 balls for Australia against England at the Rose Bowl, Southampton. Finch's innings included 14 sixes (also a record) and 11 fours. The previous record was 123 runs, scored by Brendon McCullum of New Zealand. Aaron Finch was the first and only player to score 150 in a T20I innings and holds the record for the highest maiden ton in T20 internationals (156) On 3 December 2014 Finch, along with Tom Cooper and Michael", "title": "Aaron Finch" }, { "id": "11635192", "text": "most fifties in the format. He also holds the records of most runs in a single tournament of both the World Twenty20 and the IPL. He is the only batsman in history to average over 50 in Tests, ODIs and T20Is simultaneously. On 27 October 2018, he became the first batsman for India, and tenth overall, to score three successive centuries in ODIs. In December 2018, Kohli became the first Asian captain to win test match in England, Australia and South Africa. Kohli has been the recipient of many awards such as the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy (ICC Cricketer of", "title": "Virat Kohli" }, { "id": "8029144", "text": "being a skilful player of the reverse sweep shot. After Alastair Cook was removed from the ODI captaincy on 19 December 2014, Morgan was named as the England captain for the 2015 Cricket World Cup having already captained England in ODIs and T20Is as a stand-in. He is the only England captain to have scored more than 4 ODI centuries. On 19 June 2018 during the third match of the home ODI series against Australia, Eoin Morgan surpassed the national record of Ian Bell for becoming the all-time leading run scorer for England in One Day International matches where coincidentally", "title": "Eoin Morgan" }, { "id": "3583379", "text": "in his T20 career, by Junaid Khan. On 18 April 2017, Gayle reached the 10,000 runs milestone in T20 cricket after scoring 77 runs off 38 balls in a match against Gujarat Lions where Royal Challengers Bangalore won by 21 runs. He was also awarded the man of the match which was his first in IPL 2017. On 16 September 2017, Gayle became the first ever player to hit 100 T20I sixes. On 28 January 2018, he was bought by Kings XI Punjab in the 2018 IPL Auction for his base price of ₹2 crores. On 19 April, Gayle scored", "title": "Chris Gayle" }, { "id": "14010884", "text": "Twenty20 (75 runs from 54 balls) and the 2011 Cricket World Cup (97 from 122). Gambhir is the only Indian and one of four international cricketers to have scored hundreds in five consecutive Test matches. He is the only Indian batsman to have scored more than 300 runs in four consecutive Test series. As of April 2018, he is the sixth highest run-scorer for India in Twenty20 Internationals. Under Gambhir's captaincy, the Kolkata Knight Riders won their IPL title in 2012 and again in 2014. He was conferred the Arjuna Award, India's second highest sporting award, in the year 2008", "title": "Gautam Gambhir" }, { "id": "15639975", "text": "top-scoring with 54 runs from 36 balls. For the West Indies, Carlos Brathwaite took 3/23 and Samuel Badree took 2/16, including a maiden. The West Indies subsequently reached their target with just two balls to spare. They required 19 runs from the final over, bowled by Ben Stokes, which Brathwaite reached by hitting four consecutive sixes. Marlon Samuels scored 85 not out from 66 balls – the highest score in World T20 final history – and was named the final's Man of the Match for the second time. The match was played to a near-capacity crowd, with 66,000 people in", "title": "2016 ICC World Twenty20" }, { "id": "3586574", "text": "action has come under scrutiny (particularly his doosra) but he has had elbow surgery to correct this. Malik was ranked second, behind teammate Shahid Afridi, in the ICC ODI all-rounder rankings in June 2008. In March 2010, Malik received a one-year ban from international cricket from the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB); the ban was overturned two months later. On 13 September 2017, Malik became the highest run–scorer in T20I for Pakistan. On 1 July 2018, Malik also became the first Asian batsman to score 2,000 runs in T20Is, and third overall and first player to play 100 T20Is in the", "title": "Shoaib Malik" }, { "id": "679360", "text": "leading run scorer in Tests, with 15,921 runs, as well as in One-Day Internationals, with 18,426 runs. He is the only player to score more than 30,000 runs in all forms of international cricket (Tests, ODIs and Twenty20 Internationals). He is the 16th player and the first Indian to score 50,000 runs in all forms of domestic and international recognised cricket (First-class, List A and Twenty20). He achieved this feat on 5 October 2013, during a Champions League Twenty20 match for his IPL team Mumbai Indians against Trinidad and Tobago. He also holds the record of the highest number of", "title": "Sachin Tendulkar" }, { "id": "19137980", "text": "Colin Ackermann Colin Niel Ackermann (born 4 April 1991) is a South African first-class cricketer who plays for the Warriors cricket team. He scored the most runs in the 2016–17 Sunfoil Series, with a total of 883 from ten matches and seventeen innings. Ahead of the 2017 season, Ackermann signed for English county side Leicestershire County Cricket Club on a two-year contract. In May 2017, he was named Domestic Players' Player of the Season at Cricket South Africa's annual awards. In August 2017, he was named in Nelson Mandela Bay Stars' squad for the first season of the T20 Global", "title": "Colin Ackermann" }, { "id": "13502819", "text": "Punam Raut Punam Ganesh Raut (born 14 October 1989) is a cricketer who has played in one Test cricket, 28 women's one-day internationals and 27 t20 internationals for India. On 15 May 2017, in a ODI verses Ireland, Raut set a world record opening partnership of 320 runs with Deepti Sharma, contributing 109. This beat both the standing women's record of 229 (by Sarah Taylor and Caroline Atkins of England) and the standing men's record in ODIs of 286 (by Upul Tharanga and Sanath Jayasuriya of Sri Lanka). Raut was part of the Indian team to reach the final of", "title": "Punam Raut" }, { "id": "3583378", "text": "record set by Indian batsman Yuvraj Singh against England in the 2007 ICC World Twenty20. He reached 51 in just 12 deliveries which included seven sixes and smashed the previous record of 18 deliveries set by Strikers batsman Tim Ludeman. He was dismissed shortly after for 56 off 17 balls by Travis Head. Chris Gayle was signed by Lahore Qalandars in 2016 for 200,000 dollars to play in the Pakistan Super League. Gayle had his worst T20 league, citing back problems. He only scored 103 runs from five matches and was also out twice for a golden duck, the most", "title": "Chris Gayle" }, { "id": "3578832", "text": "to \"run\" was gradual and both terms were in use in 1800. The result of a match played in Sussex on 3 August 1800 was a win \"by 25 notches\" while another match in Sussex on 9 August 1800 was won \"by an innings and 38 runs\". For team and individual run-scoring records, see List of Test cricket records, List of One Day International cricket records, List of Twenty20 International records, and List of first-class cricket records. Run (cricket) In cricket, a run is the unit of scoring. The team with the most runs wins in many versions of the", "title": "Run (cricket)" }, { "id": "2570777", "text": "India ahead of the World T20. In Super10 match against he missed a full delivery and was bowled by the second ball. In both matches, he put down what could have been costly misses Chris Gayle and Mohammad Hafeez but India created and converted more chances soon after. His solitary over in the tournament so far went for 13. Yuvraj scored 60 off 43 balls, his third fifty against Australia at Mirpur and his eighth in T20Is. Yuvraj has gone past Gautam Gambhir to become the top run-scorer for India in T20 internationals. He had an 84-run partnership with Mahendra", "title": "Yuvraj Singh" }, { "id": "7309389", "text": "van Wyk scored a Twenty20 International century in the third T20I of the series, and by doing so became the third South African to score a T20I century. He also represented the Kolkata Knight Riders in the Indian Premier League scoring 167 runs from the 5 matches he played with a highest score of 74. In August 2017, he was named in Bloem City Blazers' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon after. In October 2018, he was", "title": "Morné van Wyk" }, { "id": "6404635", "text": "West Indies and this resulted in him establishing himself as a regular in the Test, ODI and T20 teams. In 2011 he won an amazing 10 Man-of-the-Match awards in all forms of international cricket and became only the third player (after Sanath Jayasuriya and Jacques Kallis) to score 1000 runs and take 30 wickets in ODI matches within a calendar year. Against India on 18 March 2012 in Bangladesh at Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur at the 2012 Asia Cup, he scored 105 off 113 balls and was involved in a 224 run partnership with Nasir Jamshed, which is the", "title": "Mohammad Hafeez" }, { "id": "9330689", "text": "became the most prolific run-getter for India at the end of 100th ODI. He Scored total 323 runs in 6 ODI Matches & India lead series won the series of 5–1. In T20I Series Dhawan Score most runs in the Series with 143 runs with the average off 47.67 Strike rate off 156.76 and also smash 72 off 39 balls and series won by 2–1. On 25 February 2018, Shikhar Dhawan was named vice-captain of India for the T20 Tri-series in Sri Lanka. On 14 June 2018, Dhawan became the only Indian and sixth overall player to score a century", "title": "Shikhar Dhawan" }, { "id": "6407304", "text": "run-scorer for Water and Power Development Authority in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, with 610 runs in ten matches. An accumulator, Butt works hard for his runs, not indulging in too many big hits; his statistics show the low number of 19 international sixes to date (1 September 2010) of which he's scored 10 in Twenty20 cricket, 7 in One-Day Internationals and only six in Test cricket. He scores a lot of his runs between backward point and extra cover. He uses his superb wrist work to angle the bat, placing the ball into gaps using the pace of the ball", "title": "Salman Butt" }, { "id": "3586590", "text": "Malik Pakistan has become only country to have three batsman in T20I who have scored more than 1,500 runs. These are Umar Akmal, Mohammad Hafeez and Shoaib Malik.He is currently the leading Run scorer for Pakistan in T20 internationals with more than 1,700 Runs (as of 13 sep 2017). Shoaib Malik is captain of the Sialkot Stallions. He has led them to a record 8 domestic T20 titles with the most recent coming on 18 May 2015. In April 2018, he was named as the captain of Punjab's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. Shoaib Malik was appointed the captain", "title": "Shoaib Malik" }, { "id": "679372", "text": "1,50,289 copies confirmed. Sachin Tendulkar has been the subject of various books. The following is the listing of books focused on Tendulkar's career: Sachin Tendulkar Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar (; born 24 April 1973) is a former Indian international cricketer and a former captain of the Indian national team, regarded as the greatest batsman of all time. He is the highest run scorer of all time in International cricket. Tendulkar took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his Test debut on 15 November 1989 against Pakistan in Karachi at the age of sixteen, and went on to represent Mumbai", "title": "Sachin Tendulkar" }, { "id": "679276", "text": "Sachin Tendulkar Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar (; born 24 April 1973) is a former Indian international cricketer and a former captain of the Indian national team, regarded as the greatest batsman of all time. He is the highest run scorer of all time in International cricket. Tendulkar took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his Test debut on 15 November 1989 against Pakistan in Karachi at the age of sixteen, and went on to represent Mumbai domestically and India internationally for close to twenty-four years. He is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries, the first", "title": "Sachin Tendulkar" }, { "id": "18312009", "text": "Reeza Hendricks Reeza Raphael Hendricks (born 14 August 1989) is a South African cricketer who plays for the Highveld Lions. He is a right-hand middle-order batsman who has played for the South Africa cricket team in 2017/18. In November 2017, he scored his first century in a Twenty20 match, when he made 102 not out for Lions against Dolphins in the 2017–18 Ram Slam T20 Challenge. He was the leading run-scorer during the tournament, finishing with 361 runs in eight matches. In January 2018, he became the first player to score a century in all three franchise competitions in South", "title": "Reeza Hendricks" }, { "id": "17929898", "text": "2009–10 ICC Intercontinental Shield, which the team lost to Namibia. Shaiman has since been a regular for the UAE, and across the 2011–13 WCL Championship, scored 625 runs from 14 matches, the most of any player. On 3 June 2018, he was selected to play for the Edmonton Royals in the players' draft for the inaugural edition of the Global T20 Canada tournament. He made his One Day International (ODI) debut in February 2014, against Scotland in the final of the World Cup Qualifier, and his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut in March 2014, against the Netherlands in the World Twenty20.", "title": "Shaiman Anwar" }, { "id": "2432741", "text": "was praised by many including Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Jhulan Goswami is the world's leading ODI wicket-taker while Mithali Raj, the captain, is the leading run-scorer in ODI cricket. India national cricket team The India national cricket team, also known as Team India and Men in Blue, is governed by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), and is a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) with Test, One Day International (ODI) and Twenty20 International (T20I) status. Although cricket was introduced to India by European merchant sailors in the 18th century, and the first cricket club", "title": "India national cricket team" }, { "id": "18386658", "text": "four matches, also making centuries against Ireland (120) and Namibia (144 not out). In February 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) named Vala as one of the ten players to watch ahead of the 2018 Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament. In June 2018, at the Papua New Guinea Cricket Awards, he won the Tony Elly Medal for the best male player. In August 2018, he was the leading run-scorer in Group A of the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 East Asia-Pacific Qualifier tournament, with 294 runs in six matches. Assad Vala Assad Vala (born 5 August 1987) is a Papua New", "title": "Assad Vala" }, { "id": "19003385", "text": "2018, he was named in Border's squad for the 2018 Africa T20 Cup. In Border's opening match of the tournament, against Namibia, Marais scored 103 not out, although Border lost the match by five wickets. On the following day, Marais scored his second century of the tournament, making 106 not out. He scored 295 runs in four matches, with Cricket South Africa calling him the standout player of the tournament. He finished the tournament as the leading run-scorer, with 359 runs in six matches. In October 2018, he was named in Nelson Mandela Bay Giants' squad for the first edition", "title": "Marco Marais" }, { "id": "9667238", "text": "Richard Levi Richard Ernst Levi (born 14 January 1988) is a South African cricketer. He played in the 2006 U-19 Cricket World Cup in Sri Lanka. He currently plays for Western Province, Cape Cobras and Northamptonshire. He attended Wynberg Boys' High school in Cape Town and received honours for cricket in 2005. During 2012, Levi played 13 international Twenty20 matches for South Africa. He had a highest score of 117, in his second match, against New Zealand at Seddon Park in Hamilton. He held the record for the most runs scored in a Twenty20 international innings tied with Chris Gayle.", "title": "Richard Levi" }, { "id": "2569165", "text": "his dominating performance throughout the World Cup. Hayden played only one more season of ODI cricket, his last match for Australia being the second final of the 2007–08 Commonwealth Bank Series. Hayden played nine Twenty20 Internationals for Australia, including the 2007 ICC World Twenty20. He was the tournament's top scorer, with 265 runs. He scored 308 runs in T20Is with the average of 51.33 when retiring. In the 2003 New Year's Test in Sydney against England, Hayden smashed a pavilion window in anger, after disagreeing with an umpire's decision to give him out. He was fined for this incident. He", "title": "Matthew Hayden" }, { "id": "18739262", "text": "Mukhtar Ahmed (cricketer, born 1992) Mukhtar Ahmed (born 20 December 1992) is a Pakistani cricketer, who plays for Twenty20 Internationals for Pakistan and domestic cricket for Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Fighters and Sialkot Stallions. He was the leading run-scorer for Rawalpindi in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam One Day Cup, with 434 runs in seven matches. He made his Twenty20 International debut for Pakistan against Bangladesh on 24 April 2015. His first T20 international fifty came in his second match against Zimbabwe in Lahore on 22 May 2015. For this innings he was named man of the match. Two days later in the second match", "title": "Mukhtar Ahmed (cricketer, born 1992)" }, { "id": "6887345", "text": "most number of centuries in all forms of T20s(7). He's also holding the record for scoring most number of t20 centuries before making an international debut.Also he has the record for scoring the most number of runs in T20 cricket before making international T20 debut(4225).He also has scored the most number of runs in professional cricket before making an international debut for Australia(22163) He was the first cricketer to score 3 centuries in a single T20 tournament(in the 2015 Nat West Blast) In December 2012, Klinger was signed by English county Gloucestershire, not only as their overseas player for the", "title": "Michael Klinger" }, { "id": "16307473", "text": "scored 432 runs from 16 matches, including two half-centuries, and ended the tournament as Kings XI Punjab's leading run-scorer. He was also adjudged the winner of \"Rising Star of the tournament Award\". On 18 July 2012 he was included in 30 probables for the World T20 tournament to be played in Sri Lanka in September 2012. However, he was not selected in the final 15-member squad. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut against Zimbabwe at Harare Sports Club on 18 June 2016. Mandeep play for Punjab in Ranji Trophy & Vijay Hazare Trophy and for North Zone in Zonal", "title": "Mandeep Singh" }, { "id": "20313785", "text": "the fifth batsman to score a century in his first and last Test matches. In the process, he moved up to fifth on the list of all-time leading run-scorers in Test cricket, moving ahead of Kumar Sangakkara. In the same match, James Anderson took his 564th wicket, the most wickets in Tests by a fast bowler, going past Glenn McGrath. England went on to win the Test series 4–1. Ahead of the tour, Suresh Raina replaced Ambati Rayudu in India's ODI squad, after Rayudu failed a fitness test. India's Jasprit Bumrah was ruled out for the T20I series due to", "title": "Indian cricket team in England in 2018" }, { "id": "2432731", "text": "Jadeja are considered to be the best bowlers in Test cricket and occupy the top two spots in the rankings for Test bowlers . Virat Kohli became the first captain in history to score double tons in three consecutive series, against New Zealand, England and Bangladesh in 2017. Test record versus other nations Most Test runs for India Most Test wickets for India ODI record versus other nations Most ODI runs for India Most ODI wickets for India T20I record versus other nations Most T20I runs for India Most T20I wickets for India \"Players in bold text are still active", "title": "India national cricket team" }, { "id": "5526377", "text": "nations Most T20I runs for Ireland Most T20I wickets for Ireland Highest T20I score for Ireland T20I record versus other nations Most first-class runs Most first-class wickets Highest individual innings Note: Ivan Anderson's 198 v Canada was in a non-first-class match Ireland cricket team The Ireland cricket team represents all of Ireland. They participate in Test, One Day International and Twenty20 International matches. They are the 11th Full Member of the International Cricket Council (ICC), having been awarded Test status, along with Afghanistan, on 22 June 2017. Ireland are ranked 12th in One Day International (ODI) cricket. Ireland played their", "title": "Ireland cricket team" }, { "id": "18312012", "text": "a batsman on ODI debut and he was named the man of the match. Reeza Hendricks Reeza Raphael Hendricks (born 14 August 1989) is a South African cricketer who plays for the Highveld Lions. He is a right-hand middle-order batsman who has played for the South Africa cricket team in 2017/18. In November 2017, he scored his first century in a Twenty20 match, when he made 102 not out for Lions against Dolphins in the 2017–18 Ram Slam T20 Challenge. He was the leading run-scorer during the tournament, finishing with 361 runs in eight matches. In January 2018, he became", "title": "Reeza Hendricks" }, { "id": "15320664", "text": "this century, Maxwell joined elite club of players to score more than one century in Twenty20 International history with Brendon McCullum, Chris Gayle, Evin Lewis and record holders Colin Munro and Rohit Sharma. In addition, Maxwell took 3-10 with the ball, including two wickets in consecutive balls. He was Man of the Match for his all-round efforts. Maxwell was bought by the Delhi Daredevils for $1.75 million. On 28 March 2018, Maxwell was urgently recalled to the Australian Test squad following the suspensions of Steve Smith, David Warner and Cameron Bancroft for ball tampering during the Third Test of the", "title": "Glenn Maxwell" }, { "id": "20920835", "text": "Monank Patel Monank Patel (born May 1, 1993) is an American cricketer. In August 2018, he was named in the United States' squad for the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 Americas Qualifier tournament in Morrisville, North Carolina. He was the leading run-scorer in the tournament, with 208 runs in six matches. In October 2018, he was named in the United States' squad for the 2018–19 Regional Super50 tournament in the West Indies. He made his List A debut for the United States against Combined Campuses and Colleges on October 6, 2018. On October 22, in the match against Jamaica, Patel scored", "title": "Monank Patel" }, { "id": "6407303", "text": "the 2017-18 National T20 Cup he jointly with Kamran Akmal set the world record opening partnership in T20 history of unbeaten 209 runstand, surpassing the previous highest opening partnership of 207 in any form of T20 cricket held by Joe Denly and Daniel Bell-Drummond. The record runstand was also the third highest partnership in terms of runs for any wicket in T20 history. In April 2018, he was named in Sindh's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. He was the leading run-scorer in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam One Day Cup, with 559 runs in ten matches. He was also the leading", "title": "Salman Butt" }, { "id": "5997103", "text": "She scored 100s: 1 and 50s: 4 in Test cricket, 100s: 5 and 50s: 50 with best bowling of 3/4 in ODI's and 50s: 10 in T20's. In February 2017, she became the second player to score 5,500 runs in WODIs. Raj is the first player to captain most matches for India in ODI and T20I. In July 2017, she became the first player to score 6,000 runs in WODIs. She led the Indian team to the final of the 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup where the team lost to England by nine runs. In December 2017, she was named", "title": "Mithali Raj" }, { "id": "2873865", "text": "in cricket. This is reflected by the fact that he is the only player to score more than 7,000 ODI runs at an average under 25. Afridi is the only player in the world who has scored 1,000 runs and 50 wickets in the T20 format of the game. Afridi has moved about the batting order, and this lack of consistency has made it difficult for him to settle. In the Indian subcontinent, where the ball quickly loses its shine, he prefers to open the batting; however, elsewhere he prefers to bat at number six. On 22 August 2017, in", "title": "Shahid Afridi" }, { "id": "3539467", "text": "wicket in Test matches, without conceding any runs, thus averaging zero. In One Day Internationals, the varying criteria set by ESPNcricinfo and CricketArchive result in different players being listed as holding the record. ESPNcricinfo has the stricter restriction, requiring 1,000 deliveries: by this measure, Joel Garner is the record-holder, having claimed his wickets at an average of 18.84. By CricketArchive's more relaxed requirement of 400 deliveries, John Snow leads the way, with an average of 16.57. The record is again split for the two websites for Twenty20 International cricket; in this situation ESPNcricinfo has the lower boundary, requiring just 30", "title": "Bowling average" }, { "id": "19005267", "text": "Gihahn Cloete Gihahn Cloete (born 4 October 1992) is a South African cricketer. He was included in the Eastern Province cricket team squad for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. In August 2018, he was named in Border's squad for the 2018 Africa T20 Cup. In October 2018, he was named in Tshwane Spartans' squad for the first edition of the Mzansi Super League T20 tournament. He was the leading run-scorer for the team in the tournament, with 330 runs in ten matches. In September 2018, he was named in South Africa's Twenty20 International (T20I) series against Zimbabwe. He made his", "title": "Gihahn Cloete" }, { "id": "8564089", "text": "any wicket in any form of T20, just behind 229 runs set by Virat Kohli and AB de Villiers. Australia finally won the match by 100 runs, which is their biggest winning margin in T20Is. During the match he also shattered the record of Herschelle Gibbs for scoring most number of fours by a player in a completed T20I innings with 16. In September 2018, he was named in Australia's Test squad for their series against Pakistan. He made his Test debut for Australia against Pakistan on 7 October 2018. He had his baggy green cap presented to him by", "title": "Aaron Finch" }, { "id": "17330485", "text": "In May 2018, he was named in a fourteen-man squad for Ireland's first ever Test match, to be played against Pakistan later the same month, but he was not selected to play. In June 2018, Shannon scored his first T20I half-century against India. James Shannon (cricketer) James Norman Knight Shannon (born 12 February 1990) is an Irish cricketer. Shannon is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off spin. On 26 May 2013, Shannon made his One Day International debut for Ireland against Pakistan. He scored the most runs in the 2017 Inter-Provincial Trophy, Ireland's domestic Twenty20 competition, with 251 runs", "title": "James Shannon (cricketer)" }, { "id": "5387538", "text": "stadiums in the state of Punjab will get an opportunity to host international cricket matches. The highest score in Test cricket was made by India who scored 374 against Pakistan. The most runs scored were by Anshuman Gaekwad (201 runs), Wasim Raja (125 runs) and Javed Miandad (66 runs). The most wickets taken were by Wasim Raja and Kapil Dev (4 wickets), along with Ravi Shastri (3 wickets). The highest score in ODI cricket was made by West Indies who scored 226 against Pakistan. The most runs scored were Dilip Vengsarkar (88 runs), Richie Richardson (77 runs) and Aamer Malik", "title": "Gandhi Stadium" }, { "id": "3605056", "text": "between South Africa vs West Indies, the whole South African team was awarded man of the match In Test matches, Jacques Kallis holds the record for the highest number of awards won, with 23 in 166 matches played. In ODIs, Sachin Tendulkar holds the record for the highest number of man of the match titles, with 62 awards in 463 matches played. Tendulkar is followed by Sanath Jayasuriya, who, along with Ricky Ponting, also holds the record for the most Man of the Match titles as captain. In the shortest form of the game, T20 Internationals, this record is held", "title": "Player of the match" }, { "id": "2432725", "text": "12 months and the forms in which they have played. Correct . Key Other players with a central contract who have not played for India in the past 12 months: Karun Nair and Jayant Yadav (both Grade C) The BCCI awards central contracts to its players, its pay graded according to the importance of the player. Players' salaries are as follows: Players also receive a match fee of per Test match, per ODI, and per T20I. † Sachin Tendulkar, who began playing for India as a 16-year-old in 1989 and has since become the most prolific run-scorer in the history", "title": "India national cricket team" }, { "id": "15918549", "text": "Chamu Chibhabha. In the 2017 CPL Draft, he was selected by the St Kitts & Nevis Patriots. In March 2017, he was named in the West Indies squad for the Twenty20 International (T20I) series against Pakistan, but did not play. He was the leading run-scorer in the 2018–19 Regional Super50 tournament, with 351 runs in eight matches. Jonathan Carter (cricketer) Jonathan Lyndon Carter (born 16 November 1987 in Belleplaine, Barbados) is a cricketer who plays for Barbados. He is a big-hitting left-handed batsman who also bowls right-arm medium pace. He first played for Barbados in 2007 in a List A", "title": "Jonathan Carter (cricketer)" }, { "id": "11420231", "text": "the equal second-fastest player and also the youngest Australian, ever to do so. Smith garnered praise from opponent captain Joe Root for leading the team from the front, and in Root's opinion Smith was the difference between the two teams during 2017–18 Ashes series. Smith was the highest run scorer in the series, scoring 687 runs at an average of 137.40, including three centuries and two fifties. Smith was rested for the T20 series against New Zealand and England so he could prepare for the South African Tests. The series was marred by controversial incidents on and off field. Australia", "title": "Steve Smith (cricketer)" }, { "id": "17968611", "text": "slow bowlers. Ironically West Indies qualified for the Super-8 stage without winning even a single match in the initial round. Pakistan and Australia were the losing semi-finalists, with Pakistan making into last four on all the occasions and Australia missing only in 2009. India won both the matches of the first round becoming the only team not to lose even a single first round match in the first four editions of the ICC World Twenty20. Shane Watson topped the run charts with 249 runs. Chris Gayle struck 16 sixes, maximum by any player. Ajantha Mendis topped wickets chart with 16", "title": "History of the ICC World Twenty20" }, { "id": "9802749", "text": "Zealand's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 tournament in the West Indies. Ahead of the tournament, she was named as one of the players to watch. During the tournament, she became the first cricketer, male or female, to score 3,000 runs in Twenty20 International matches. She was the leading run-scorer for New Zealand in the tournament, with 161 runs in four matches. Following the conclusion of the tournament, she was named as the standout player in the team by the International Cricket Council (ICC). In November 2018, she was named in the Adelaide Strikers' squad for the 2018–19", "title": "Suzie Bates" }, { "id": "18828687", "text": "Corey Bisson Corey Bisson (born 19 June 1993) is a cricketer who plays for Jersey. In 2014 he played in the 2014 ICC World Cricket League Division Four. He was selected in the Jersey squad for the 2015 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament and the 2016 ICC World Cricket League Division Four matches held in Los Angeles. At the Division Four tournament, he was the leading run-scorer, with a total of 242. In April 2018, he was named in Jersey's squad for the 2018 ICC World Cricket League Division Four tournament in Malaysia. In August 2018, he was named in", "title": "Corey Bisson" }, { "id": "17330484", "text": "James Shannon (cricketer) James Norman Knight Shannon (born 12 February 1990) is an Irish cricketer. Shannon is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off spin. On 26 May 2013, Shannon made his One Day International debut for Ireland against Pakistan. He scored the most runs in the 2017 Inter-Provincial Trophy, Ireland's domestic Twenty20 competition, with 251 runs in six matches. He also scored the most runs in the 2017 Inter-Provincial Championship tournament, with 446 runs in four matches. In December 2018, he was one of nineteen players to be awarded a central contract by Cricket Ireland for the 2019 season.", "title": "James Shannon (cricketer)" }, { "id": "17191775", "text": "record in ODIs. The team have played 13 countries in T20Is, and have played 16 matches with Sri Lanka. They also have recorded the most victories against Sri Lanka, defeating them in five matches. India national cricket team record by opponent The India national cricket team represents India in international cricket and is a full member of the International Cricket Council with Test and One Day International (ODI) status. They first competed in international cricket in 1932, when they played against England in a three-day Test match; England won the match by 158 runs. India's first Test series as an", "title": "India national cricket team record by opponent" }, { "id": "13502820", "text": "the 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup where the team lost to England by nine runs. Punam Raut Punam Ganesh Raut (born 14 October 1989) is a cricketer who has played in one Test cricket, 28 women's one-day internationals and 27 t20 internationals for India. On 15 May 2017, in a ODI verses Ireland, Raut set a world record opening partnership of 320 runs with Deepti Sharma, contributing 109. This beat both the standing women's record of 229 (by Sarah Taylor and Caroline Atkins of England) and the standing men's record in ODIs of 286 (by Upul Tharanga and Sanath Jayasuriya", "title": "Punam Raut" }, { "id": "3741620", "text": "2017. Watson is the only player to lead most runs, most wickets, highest score, highest batting average, most sixes, for a team in T20, which he held for 4 years (2014–17). Also the first player to win man of the tournament IPL twice. Watson played in the Indian Premier League for the Rajasthan Royals in the inaugural IPL season in 2008. Signed for US $125,000, he performed well with both the bat and the ball scoring four half-centuries to anchor his team to victory in three matches of the tournament and in the semi-finals. He picked up 17 wickets, won", "title": "Shane Watson" }, { "id": "7304633", "text": "team against the Zimbabwean national cricket team when they scored 373/8 on 9 Feb 2012. The most runs scored in this ground have been by Nathan Astle and Stephen Fleming-(743 runs), followed by Ross Taylor-710 runs. The most wickets have been taken by Daniel Vettori-30 wickets-ahead of three players with 17. The first T20I at the venue was held on 3 January 2017, between New Zealand and Bangladesh. With that, McLean park became the sixth venue in New Zealand to host a T20 international. McLean Park McLean Park is a sports ground in Napier, New Zealand. The two main sports", "title": "McLean Park" }, { "id": "6376173", "text": "innings and broke the record for scoring the most number of runs in a 6 match bilateral ODI series In December 2006, Boje announced his retirement from international cricket, effective immediately. He finished his career with exactly 100 Test wickets, the wicket of Mahela Jayawardene in his final Test brought up his milestone. Nicky Boje Nico Boje ( ; born 20 March 1973) is a former South African cricketer who played in 43 Tests, 115 One Day Internationals and single Twenty20 International for South Africa. Boje was a member of Africa XI team for 2005 Afro-Asia Cup. He is the", "title": "Nicky Boje" }, { "id": "19309988", "text": "champions – England won the 2010 World T20 for their first ICC world championship while the West Indies won the 2012 World T20. Both teams were drawn into Super 10s Group 1 alongside Afghanistan, Sri Lanka and South Africa. They played each other in their opening game on 16 March at the Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, with the West Indies winning by six wickets with 11 balls to spare. West Indian opener Chris Gayle scored an unbeaten 100 runs off 47 balls, including 11 sixes, becoming the first player to hit two T20 International centuries. In addition, immediately before the", "title": "2016 ICC World Twenty20 Final" }, { "id": "17967688", "text": "matches, and was named the player of the tournament. In October 2018, she was named in Ireland's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20. She announced that she will retire from international cricket following the end of the tournament. Ahead of the tournament, she was also named as one of the players to watch. During Ireland's match against India, she scored her 1,000th run in WT20Is. She was the leading run-scorer for Ireland in the tournament, with 81 runs in four matches. Clare Shillington Clare Mary Alice Shillington (born 8 January 1981) is an Irish former cricketer. She is", "title": "Clare Shillington" }, { "id": "17968609", "text": "three matches of the Super-8 stage. To the frustration of the commercial gurus in the game, India's elimination before the semi-finals again meant lost revenue. The two Associates – Ireland and Afghanistan – far from disgraced themselves. Mahela Jayawardene scored 302 runs, maximum in this edition of World T20. Dirk Nannes, the Dutch bowler who later qualified for Australian selection was the highest wicket taker with 14 wickets. Cameron White with 12 sixes topped the number of sixes chart. The 2012 edition was to be expanded into a 16 team format however this was reverted to 12. It was the", "title": "History of the ICC World Twenty20" }, { "id": "2627247", "text": "in the period before early-1999, due to lack of form and discipline, before becoming One Day International captain in early-2002 and Test captain in early 2004. After being involved in over 160 Tests and 370 ODIs, Ponting is Australia's leading run-scorer in Test and ODI cricket. He is one of only four players (along with Sachin Tendulkar, Rahul Dravid and Jacques Kallis) in history to have scored 13,000 Test runs. Statistically, he is one of the most successful captains of all time, with 48 victories in 77 Tests between 2004 and 31 December 2010. As a player, Ponting is the", "title": "Ricky Ponting" }, { "id": "19309990", "text": "and had won Ashes series such as batsman Joe Root, wicketkeeper Jos Buttler and fast bowler Liam Plunkett. After their loss to the West Indies, England beat South Africa with the highest successful run chase (229) in World T20 history before beating Afghanistan and then Sri Lanka to reach the semifinal. In the semifinal they came up against unbeaten New Zealand in Delhi. New Zealand made a strong start to be 89 for 1 after 10 overs, before tight bowling by Chris Jordan and Ben Stokes kept them to 153. English opener Jason Roy scored 78 off 44, a Man", "title": "2016 ICC World Twenty20 Final" }, { "id": "20498321", "text": "the fifth match, Australia's Meg Lanning became the first player for Australia, male or female, to score 2,000 runs in Twenty20 Internationals. Australia Women and England Women qualified for the final, after India Women lost their first three matches of the series. In the final, Australia Women beat England Women by 57 runs to win the series. In the match, Australia Women scored 209 runs, the highest team total in a WT20I fixture. Australia Women also set a new record for the most fours scored in a Twenty20 International by any side, male or female, with 32 boundaries. With nine", "title": "2017–18 India women's Tri-Nation Series" }, { "id": "17928586", "text": "played. On 21 March 2014 against Ireland, Myburgh equalled the record of the second fastest fifty in Twenty20 International with Paul Stirling of Ireland. He scored the fifty with 17 balls, where Dutch required to win the game in 14 overs to qualify for the Super 10 stage. With blistering innings by Myburgh, Netherlands won the match in 13.5 overs with 6 wickets remaining. Myburgh adjudged man of the match as well. He was the third highest run scorer in the tournament after Virat Kohli and fellow dutch Tom Cooper with 224 runs in 7 T20I matches. He scored 3", "title": "Stephan Myburgh" }, { "id": "3583373", "text": "awarded as an extra due to the no ball. He can therefore be said to have hit 36 off an over that went for 37. Gayle won the Orange Cap Award for scoring the most runs in the tournament amassing 608 runs in 12 matches. He was instrumental in many victories for the Royal Challengers Bangalore and received five Man of the Match awards and also the Player of the Tournament award for his performances. In the 2011 Champions League Twenty20, Chris Gayle was the second highest run-scorer in the competition, behind David Warner, with 257 runs from 6 matches", "title": "Chris Gayle" }, { "id": "15630104", "text": "matches in the competition, the last coming against Hong Kong. In his 6 matches in the competition, he scored 92 runs at a batting average of 15.33, with a half century high score of 52. This score came against Bermuda. Ura made his One Day International debut for Papua New Guinea on 8 November 2014 against Hong Kong in Australia. He made his Twenty20 International debut for Papua New Guinea against Ireland in the 2015 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament on 15 July 2015. In the 2018 Cricket World Cup Qualifier, Ura scored a national record 151 runs from 142", "title": "Tony Ura" }, { "id": "19260696", "text": "World Cricket League Division Two tournament. In August 2018, he was named in Namibia's squad for the 2018 Africa T20 Cup. In October 2018, he was named in Namibia's squad in the Southern sub region group for the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 Africa Qualifier tournament in Botswana. On 29 October 2018, in the match against Mozambique, he became the first batsman to score a century in the group, scoring 100 from 48 balls. He was the leading run-scorer in the tournament, with 243 runs in six matches. Lohan Louwrens Lohan Louwrens (born 24 April 1999) is a Namibian cricketer. He", "title": "Lohan Louwrens" }, { "id": "9401429", "text": "awarded a central contract by New Zealand Cricket, following the tours of Ireland and England in the previous months. In October 2018, she was named in New Zealand's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 tournament in the West Indies. Ahead of the tournament, she was named as the star of the team. On 11 July 2015, Devine broke the international record (men or women) for the fastest Twenty20 half century (from 18 balls), and fastest 70 runs (from 22 balls), and included scoring 32 off one over in the first match against India. She notably holds the record", "title": "Sophie Devine" }, { "id": "8060378", "text": "game, and was not intended to be played internationally, but the first Twenty20 International took place on 17 February 2005 when Australia defeated New Zealand, and the first tournament was played two years later, with the introduction of the ICC World Twenty20. In 2016, for the first time in a calendar year, more Twenty20 International matches (100) were played than ODI matches (99). There remain limits on how many Twenty20 Internationals a team can play each year, in order to protect Test cricket and One Day Internationals. As of 2017, 18 nations featured in ICC T20I team rankings. Twenty20 International", "title": "Twenty20 International" }, { "id": "5997098", "text": "from India (either male or female) to score 2000 runs in T20Is and also set the milestone for becoming the first woman cricketer to reach 2000 T20I runs. Raj is the only player (male or female) to have captained India in more than one ICC ODI World Cup final, doing so twice in 2005 and 2017. Mithali Raj was born in Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 3 December 1982 . Her father is Dorai Raj, who was an Airman (Warrant Officer) in the Indian Air Force, and mother is Leela Raj. She is from tamil family. Mithali started to play the game", "title": "Mithali Raj" }, { "id": "20326241", "text": "hedge funds worldwide. In 2016, he founded German Cricket TV, an online video channel for supporting and growing cricket in Germany. In September 2018, he was the leading run-scorer for Germany in Group A of the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 Europe Qualifier tournament. He was also named the player of the series, after scoring 180 runs, including three fifties, in five matches. Daniel Weston Daniel Weston (born 11 March 1983) is a German cricketer. He was named in Germany's squad for the 2017 ICC World Cricket League Division Five tournament in South Africa. He played in Germany's opening fixture, against", "title": "Daniel Weston" }, { "id": "18208279", "text": "Richmond Mutumbami Richmond Mutumbami (born 11 June 1989) is a Zimbabwean cricketer. A wicket-keeper batsman, Mutumbami made his first-class debut as a 17-year-old against Southerns in April 2007. Six years later, in April 2013, he made his international debut in a Test match against Bangladesh. He made his Twenty20 International debut against Pakistan in May 2015. He was the leading run-scorer in the 2017–18 Logan Cup for Matabeleland Tuskers, with 442 runs in seven matches. Mutumbami was named in the 21-Member squad for the Bangladeshi tour in April 2013. He made his test debut against Bangladesh in April 2013. He", "title": "Richmond Mutumbami" }, { "id": "5387209", "text": "an innings against Pakistan, Sachin Tendulkar's 35th test ton to overcome Sunil Gavaskar to become the batsman with the most international Test centuries. As of 1 Nov, 2017 it has hosted 32 Tests, 20 ODIs and 2 T20I. The first Test match at this venue was played on 10 November 1948 when India took on the West Indies. It is owned and operated by the DDCA (Delhi District Cricket Association). In 1952, playing against Pakistan, Hemu Adhikari and Ghulam Ahmed were involved in a record tenth wicket stand of 109 runs – a record that still stands. In 1965, S", "title": "Feroz Shah Kotla Ground" }, { "id": "3580549", "text": "end of the Australian innings, by ending 17 years of cricketing career. He ended his international career with a wicket off his last ball. At the retirement, Dilshan is the second highest T20I run scorer of all time as well. Commentators summarized his career with the quote Legends Never Retires. On 1 August 2015, Dilshan and fellow Sri Lankan cricketer Muttiah Muralitharan was appointed as the brand ambassadors for the Presidential Task Force to combat kidney disease by the President Maithripala Sirisena. Dilshan publicly displayed his support to Mahinda Rajapaksa at the 2015 Presidential Election. He did so by welcoming", "title": "Tillakaratne Dilshan" }, { "id": "9424480", "text": "equalling Brian Lara's record for the most runs off an over in Test cricket. On 7 September 2014, George Bailey resigned as the captain of the Australian T20I team in order to focus solely on the 2015 ODI World Cup. In August 2017, he was named in a World XI side to play three Twenty20 International matches against Pakistan in the 2017 Independence Cup in Lahore. In the third match of the series, Bailey undertook wicketkeeping duties. During the 2012–13 summer, George Bailey led a one-day Australian team lacking draw-cards Dave Warner and Shane Watson. This led to criticism from", "title": "George Bailey (cricketer)" }, { "id": "3583515", "text": "consistent form, scoring over 11,000 runs in Test cricket and is currently the 8th highest run scorer of all time in the format. Due to poor performances, Chanderpaul was dropped from the West Indies squad in 2015. After that, he announced his retirement from international cricket in 2016, without a farewell, at the age of 41. Shivnarine Chanderpaul was born to Indo-Guyanese parents Kamraj and Uma Chanderpaul in Unity Village, Guyana on 16 August 1974. His father, Kamraj Chanderpaul, helped to nurture his cricketing ability as a youngster. His ancestors moved from India to the West Indies as slaves under", "title": "Shivnarine Chanderpaul" }, { "id": "6304730", "text": "As of 2016, he has passed 8,000 runs in both Test and ODI cricket and has a batting average of over fifty in both forms of the game. He is also the only batsman in ODI cricket to have completed a trio of 5000+ runs, 50+ average and 100+ strike rate in his career. As of May 2018, he had scored 20,014 runs in international cricket since debut, just lying second behind Kumar Sangakkara. AB De Villiers captained South Africa in all formats, but since his injuries, he stepped down from Test captaincy and continued in ODI(One Day Ininng) and", "title": "AB de Villiers" }, { "id": "9342254", "text": "Khan for Pakistan Women against West Indies Women in Karachi in 2003/04. Three English batsmen, Janet Brittin with 1935 runs at 49.61, Charlotte Edwards, 1621 at 49.09 and Rachel Heyhoe-Flint with 1594 at 45.54, head the all-time run scoring lists while six other women have scored more than 1,000 Test runs. Mary Duggan of England took 77 Test wickets at 13.49 while Australia's Betty Wilson took 68 at 11.8. Seven other women have 50 or more victims to their name . Betty Wilson was the first player, male or female, to record a century and ten wickets in a Test", "title": "History of women's cricket" }, { "id": "15911271", "text": "Meg Lanning Meghann Moira Lanning (born 25 March 1992) is an Australian international cricketer who currently captains the Australian women's national team and the Victorian Spirit. She holds the record for the most career centuries in women's One Day Internationals, with twelve. In March 2018, during Australia's match against England in the 2017–18 India women's Tri-Nation Series, Lanning became the first Australian, male or female, to score 2,000 runs in Twenty20 Internationals. She made her debut for the Victorian Spirit on 6 December 2008 against the South Australian Scorpions, scoring 3 runs as Victoria won by 45 runs. She played", "title": "Meg Lanning" }, { "id": "16407185", "text": "the 2012 season. He was included in the Western Province cricket team squad for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. He was the leading run-scorer in the 2016–17 Sunfoil 3-Day Cup, with a total of 1,069 runs in nine matches. In August 2017, he was named in Cape Town Knight Riders' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon after. In October 2017, he scored his 25th century in first-class cricket, batting for Cape Cobras against Warriors in the 2017–18", "title": "Pieter Malan" }, { "id": "4071601", "text": "subsequently decided to accelerate the innings, but this only triggered a collapse. The rain never came and Sri Lanka fell a long way short of the target. He resigned as Sri Lanka's T20 captain after the match and in 2014 also announced his retirement from T20 cricket. He holds the record for most number of catches in ODIs, taking 218 catches in 448 matches. matches. He also holds the record for the most runs in a Twenty20 World Cup Career having scored 858 runs in 25 innings, at an average of 40.8 runs per inning, in the four ICC World", "title": "Mahela Jayawardene" }, { "id": "5609784", "text": "On 4 May 2010 McCullum became the first player to score 1,000 T20 international runs. He achieved this feat playing against Zimbabwe in the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 at Guyana. On 28 June 2010, McCullum announced that he will not keep wicket for New Zealand in Test matches. He, however informed that he will still keep in 50-overs & T20 over games. He did a fine job in his first innings since handing over the Wicket-keeping duties he scored 65 runs and was engaged in a 104 run partnership with Ross Taylor he was promoted to the position of opener", "title": "Brendon McCullum" }, { "id": "8060377", "text": "Twenty20 International A Twenty20 International (T20I) is a form of cricket, played between two of the international members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), in which each team faces twenty overs. The matches have top-class status and are the highest T20 standard. The game is played under the rules of Twenty20 cricket. Since 2005, T20I status only applied to Full Members and some Associate Member teams. However, in April 2018, the ICC announced that it will grant T20I status to all its 105 members from 1 January 2019. The shortened format was initially introduced to bolster crowds for the domestic", "title": "Twenty20 International" }, { "id": "6196254", "text": "is the first and joint world record holder for conceding the least number of runs (6 runs) in a T20 International after bowling the complete quota of overs (4 overs is the maximum quota in a T20 match). Utseya tendered his resignation as national captain after the side's disappointing performance at the T20 World Cup in May 2010 saying that he was stepping down in the interest of the team's future development. He led Zimbabwe in 67 one-day internationals, with 20 victories, and all 10 of the Twenty20 internationals the team has played. Utseya took hat trick against South Africa", "title": "Prosper Utseya" }, { "id": "8060384", "text": "in the final. Writing for \"The Guardian\", Dilip Premachandran suggested that the competition's success meant that \"the format is here to stay\". The next tournament was scheduled for 2009, and it was decided that they would take place biannually (more frequently than the 50 over Cricket World Cup, which occurs once every four years). In the opening match of the 2007 World Twenty20, Chris Gayle scored the first century in a T20I, the achievement being reached in the twentieth match of the format. The 500th T20I match was contested between Ireland and the United Arab Emirates at the Sheikh Zayed", "title": "Twenty20 International" }, { "id": "3580606", "text": "and 25 T20Is, and had equalled Glenn McGrath's run of 380 wickets in ODI matches – the highest for Australia. In July 2014, he played for the MCC side in the Bicentenary Celebration match at Lord's. In 2018, during his commentary for BT Sport in the 2017-18 Ashes series at the Sydney Cricket Ground, Lee revealed that he is an honorary member at Lord's, but not a lifetime member on his home ground at the SCG. Lee made his Twenty20 and T20 International debut on 15 February 2005 against New Zealand in the first ever T20 international match. He was", "title": "Brett Lee" }, { "id": "9937559", "text": "in the WNCL, including two centuries, as New South Wales won for the fifth consecutive time, and making 191 runs at 47.75 in the T20 tournament. Blackwell led Australia in the Rose Bowl series in early-2010 after regular captain Jodie Fields was sidelined due to injury. They won all eight ODIs but lost all five T20 internationals. Blackwell made 235 runs at 33.57 including two fifties. In February 2018, she announced her retirement from international cricket, but would continue to play in the Women's Big Bash League. In November 2018, she was named in Sydney Thunder's squad for the 2018–19", "title": "Alex Blackwell" }, { "id": "19003973", "text": "South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon after. In October 2018, he was named in Durban Heat's squad for the first edition of the Mzansi Super League T20 tournament. He was the leading run-scorer for the team in the tournament, with 216 runs in ten matches. In January 2018, he was named in South Africa's One Day International (ODI) squad for their series against India. He made his ODI debut for South Africa against India on 4 February 2018. Khaya Zondo Khaya Zondo (born 7 March 1990) is a South African cricketer. He", "title": "Khaya Zondo" }, { "id": "18916355", "text": "On 29 August 2013, the Australian opener Aaron Finch set a new record for Twenty20 international cricket when he scored 156 runs off 63 balls for Australia against England at the Ageas Bowl. Finch's innings included 14 sixes (also a record) and 11 fours. The previous record was 123 runs, scored by Brendon McCullum of New Zealand. Rose Bowl (cricket ground) The Rose Bowl, currently known as The Ageas Bowl for sponsorship reasons, is a cricket ground and residential hotel complex in West End, Hampshire, England, located between the M27 motorway and Telegraph Woods. It is the home of Hampshire", "title": "Rose Bowl (cricket ground)" }, { "id": "7144508", "text": "2018 where he scored 286 runs in 14 innings (avg 23.83, SR 133). Poor form compounded with lackluster captaincy over the season saw the Mumbai Indians crashing out against Delhi in a must win match. Unable to qualify for the playoffs, they were not able to defend their fourth title. Rohit Sharma is an aggressive batsman mixed with style and elegance. He is usually an opening Batsman in limited-overs formats, but played most of his Test cricket as a middle-order batsman. Rohit has a flourishing one-day and T20 career, but yet to prove in the Test career.He is known for", "title": "Rohit Sharma" }, { "id": "6304754", "text": "ended in a draw. After the end of the match, Hashim Amla resigned from the captaincy and de Villiers was chosen to captain South Africa for the last two matches. On 21 February 2016, de Villiers scored the fastest T20 fifty by a South African in just 21 balls. He completed the innings with 79 runs in 29 balls and led South Africa to a clean sweep in T20 series. On 18 January 2017, de Villiers ruled himself out from most of the Test matches and ultimately played in December 2017. However, a day before the Test match, Faf du", "title": "AB de Villiers" }, { "id": "13327648", "text": "Mohammad Shahzad Mohammad Shahzad Mohammadi (; born 31 January 1988) is an Afghan cricketer who is a right-handed batsman who plays primarily as a wicketkeeper. Shahzad represents Afghanistan in international cricket. Known as a hard big hitter for the ball, Shahzad has the most number of Twenty20 International Player of the match awards by an associate member with 10 T20I Player of the match awards, and holds the record for the most scores of 50 or more in T20I by an associate player as well. He is the highest run scorer for all associate nations. With 118 not out against", "title": "Mohammad Shahzad" }, { "id": "11464901", "text": "Hafeez, which is the second best opening partnership for Pakistan against any team and first best partnership against India in one day internationals. They eclipsed Aamer Sohail and Saeed Anwar's record of 144 runs which was made in 1996.He had a poor ICC World Cup 2015 in which he was dismissed in the single figures thrice and frequently struggled with the pull shot. In 2009 he along with veteran Abdul Razzaq set the highest 3rd wicket partnership ever in any forms of T20s(162) In February 2017 he was provisionally suspended under the PCB's Anti-Corruption Code as part of an ongoing", "title": "Nasir Jamshed" }, { "id": "13509126", "text": "Twenty20 tournament in the West Indies. Ahead of the tournament, she was named as one of the players to watch. In the opening match of the tournament, against New Zealand, she became the first woman for India to score a century in WT20Is, when she made 103 runs from 51 balls. She was the leading run-scorer for India in the tournament, with 183 runs in five matches. In November 2018, she was named in Sydney Thunder's squad for the 2018–19 Women's Big Bash League season. Harmanpreet Kaur Harmanpreet Kaur (born 8 March 1989) is an Indian cricketer. She plays as", "title": "Harmanpreet Kaur" }, { "id": "8060379", "text": "format also sees one mandatory powerplay taken in the first six overs. This shorter format of the game makes reaching the traditional milestones of scoring a century or taking five wickets in an innings more difficult, and few players have achieved these. The highest individual score in a Twenty20 International is 172, made by Australia's Aaron Finch against Zimbabwe in 2018, while Sri Lanka's Ajantha Mendis and India's Yuzvendra Chahal are the only bowlers to have taken two six wickets in an innings, and fewer than twenty players have taken five wickets in an innings. Cricket itself was probably first", "title": "Twenty20 International" } ]	who has scored most runs in t20 international matches
[ "Joseph Kahn" ]	[ { "id": "18335085", "text": "Out of the Woods (song) \"Out of the Woods\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written and produced by Swift and Jack Antonoff of fun.. It was the second song to be officially released from her fifth studio album \"1989\", serving as the first promotional single on October 14, 2014. It is the fourth track on the album, after \"Style\". \"Out of the Woods\" serves as the sixth official single with an accompanying music video that premiered on December 31, 2015, during \"Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve\" on ABC. It was released to radio", "title": "Out of the Woods (song)" }, { "id": "18335101", "text": "song during her Reputation Stadium Tour show at Rogers Centre in Toronto, Canada on August 3, 2018. Ryan Adams recorded a soft rock cover of \"Out of the Woods\" for his album \"1989\". Yahoo! writer Oscar Gracey said that Adams' cover \"makes us want to hike through a forest, find a clearing, and mourn the relationships that didn't quite work out.\" Credits are adapted from liner notes of \"1989\". Out of the Woods (song) \"Out of the Woods\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written and produced by Swift and Jack Antonoff of fun.. It", "title": "Out of the Woods (song)" }, { "id": "18227424", "text": "music video premiered on \"Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest\" on ABC on December 31, 2015. It was released to radio on February 5, 2016. \"Out of the Woods\" peaked at number 18 on the Hot 100 after being released as a promotional single in 2014. \"New Romantics\" was released to contemporary hit radio on February 23, 2016 as the seventh and final single from the album. The music video was uploaded to Vevo and YouTube on April 13, 2016, and features various clips from The 1989 World Tour. \"New Romantics\" is the lowest peaking single from", "title": "1989 (Taylor Swift album)" }, { "id": "17318870", "text": "Out of the Woods (film) Out of the Woods: Life and Death in Dirty Dave's Homeless Camp is a 2012 feature documentary film by Michael E. Arth. It follows the life and death struggles of homeless people living in a camp in the woods for four years. Arth single-handely directed, shot and edited \"Out of the Woods\" after meeting one of the subjects, Dean \"Dino the Dinosaur\" Bieber, in a former drug slum Arth had rebuilt and turned into \"The Garden District\" in DeLand some years before. The backstory of \"Out of the Woods\" is told in Arth's previous documentary,", "title": "Out of the Woods (film)" }, { "id": "10262031", "text": "Fiction\", by Taylor Swift. In 2017, Zackham wrote and produced \"Second Act\" for STX Entertainment. In October 2017, Leah Remini, Annaleigh Ashford, Vanessa Hudgens, Dan Bucatinsky and Freddie Stroma joined the cast of the film.Starring Jennifer Lopez, Vanessa Hudgens, Milo Ventimiglia, Leah Remini, Treat Williams, Annaleigh Ashford, and Charlyne Yi. The film was directed by Peter Segal and will be released over Thanksgiving, 2018. Zackham is the creator and executive producer of the FX drama series \"Lights Out\", about a former heavyweight champion facing bankruptcy and Alzheimer's disease. He wrote \"Riverside\", a 2007 television pilot, a coming of age semi-autobiographical", "title": "Justin Zackham" }, { "id": "9611795", "text": "thriller and action films; including \"Along Came a Spider\", \"2 Fast 2 Furious\", \"Rush Hour 2\", and \"The Butterfly Effect.\" He shot the 2004 remake of \"Dawn of the Dead\", which served as the feature film debut of director Zack Snyder. Since 2006, he has mostly worked on comedy films, many of which are directed by the Farrelly Brothers. In 2015, he was the recipient of a Special Honor Prize, the President's Award, from the American Society of Cinematographers. Leonetti has a younger brother, John, who is himself a prolific cinematographer and occasional film director. He is a graduate of", "title": "Matthew F. Leonetti" }, { "id": "18335099", "text": "described the video as \"fantastically cinematic\". \"The Huffington Post\" Dominique Mosbergen called the music video \"haunting\".As of March 2018 the video has over 131 million views on YouTube. Swift first performed the song as part of her \"1989 Secret Sessions\" for \"IHeart Radio\" in New York City, the day \"1989\" was released in October 2014. She then performed it in New York City for \"Good Morning America\", on October 30, 2014, when she also performed \"Welcome to New York\" and \"Shake It Off.\" On December 3, 2015, Swift performed the song on a piano at Australia's Hamilton Island, where radio", "title": "Out of the Woods (song)" }, { "id": "18335086", "text": "on February 5, 2016. The song went number one in Israel and has reached the top 10 in Belgium, Canada, and New Zealand as well as the top 20 in Australia and the United States. Swift premiered a 15-second clip of \"Out of the Woods\" on \"Good Morning America\" on October 13, 2014. Swift called \"Out of the Woods\" one of her \"favorite songs on this album because it best represents 1989.\" She explained that the song is about \"the fragility and breakable nature of some relationships. This was a relationship where I was kind of living day-to-day wondering where", "title": "Out of the Woods (song)" }, { "id": "4445739", "text": "list that included Angelina Jolie, Steven Soderbergh, Ryan Murphy, Joe Wright, and Gus Van Sant. Taylor-Johnson was in pole position to direct \"Fifty Shades Darker\" (the sequel to \"Fifty Shades of Grey\"), but decided to walk away from the much-discussed franchise after she was involved in a number of disagreements with author E.L. James. In June 2017, Taylor-Johnson said that she regretted directing the first film. Taylor-Johnson has had cancer twice. In December 1997, at age 30, she was treated for colon cancer. In 2000, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. She practices yoga and Transcendental Meditation, of which she", "title": "Sam Taylor-Johnson" }, { "id": "19463440", "text": "and \"The Last Time\", and one in a collaboration with Tim McGraw; \"Highway Don't Care\". Swift's fifth album \"1989\" produced the music videos for \"Shake It Off\" and \"Blank Space\", in 2014, with the latter becoming the fastest video to reach one billion views on Vevo, \"Style\", \"Bad Blood\" and \"Wildest Dreams\", in 2015, \"Out of the Woods\" and \"New Romantics\", in 2016. The videos for \"Blank Space\" and \"Bad Blood\", featuring rapper Kendrick Lamar, won four accolades at the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards, with the latter winning for Video of the Year and Best Collaboration. It also received", "title": "Taylor Swift videography" }, { "id": "2780689", "text": "it was reported that novelist Richard Russo, during a speech at Union College, confirmed that he was working on the screenplay. By November 2013, Nick Nolte had been cast to costar as Katz. Larry Charles (of \"Borat\" and \"Brüno\") was briefly attached as director, but eventually the job went to Ken Kwapis, whose most recent film was \"Big Miracle\" and who was a key figure on the U.S. television series \"The Office\". The screenplay was by Michael Arndt, credited as Rick Kerb, and Bill Holderman, who is a producer at Redford's Wildwood Enterprises. Shooting began in spring 2014. The movie", "title": "A Walk in the Woods (book)" }, { "id": "17476407", "text": "Into the Woods (film) Into the Woods is a 2014 American musical fantasy film directed by Rob Marshall, and adapted to the screen by James Lapine from his and Stephen Sondheim's 1986 Broadway musical of the same name. A Walt Disney Pictures production, it features an ensemble cast that includes Meryl Streep, Emily Blunt, James Corden, Anna Kendrick, Chris Pine, Tracey Ullman, Christine Baranski, Lilla Crawford, Daniel Huttlestone, MacKenzie Mauzy, Billy Magnussen, and Johnny Depp. Inspired by the Grimm Brothers' fairy tales of \"Little Red Riding Hood\", \"Cinderella\", \"Jack and the Beanstalk\", and \"Rapunzel\", the film is a fantasy genre", "title": "Into the Woods (film)" }, { "id": "2811494", "text": "Henry Selick Charles Henry Selick (; born November 30, 1952) is an American stop motion director, producer and writer who is best known for directing the stop-motion animation films \"The Nightmare Before Christmas\" (1993), \"James and the Giant Peach\" (1996), and \"Coraline\" (2009). He studied at the Program in Experimental Animation at California Institute of the Arts, under the guidance of Jules Engel. Selick was born in Glen Ridge, New Jersey, the son of Melanie (née Molan) and Charles H. Selick. He was raised in Rumson. Selick did little but draw from ages 3 to 12. Selick's fascination with animation", "title": "Henry Selick" }, { "id": "2780688", "text": "doubt as to whether the health-conscious Newman would consider putting on enough weight to accurately portray the rotund Katz (Newman retired from acting in May 2007 and died in 2008). In February 2007, Chris Columbus, director of \"Home Alone\" and the first two \"Harry Potter\" films, was reported to have agreed to direct the adaptation. However, in January 2008, \"the Hollywood Reporter\", while noting that the script was delayed due to the Hollywood writers' strike, reported that Barry Levinson, the Academy Award–winning director of \"Rain Man\", was in talks to direct. Redford has said of the project In February 2012,", "title": "A Walk in the Woods (book)" }, { "id": "10180748", "text": "Tim Johnson (film director) Tim Johnson (born August 27, 1961) is an American film director. Johnson has directed in many films such as \"Antz\", \"\" and \"Over the Hedge\". Recently, he directed the DreamWorks 3D film \"Home.\" Johnson was born in Chicago. He studied at Northwestern University where he earned a BA in English Literature. He also produced two animated films; both of which earned Richter Grant Organization Awards. Upon graduating, he worked for two years as a freelance animator and director. His introduction to computer animation came in 1985 while he worked on the staff at Post Effects in", "title": "Tim Johnson (film director)" }, { "id": "17476450", "text": "delight\". Into the Woods (film) Into the Woods is a 2014 American musical fantasy film directed by Rob Marshall, and adapted to the screen by James Lapine from his and Stephen Sondheim's 1986 Broadway musical of the same name. A Walt Disney Pictures production, it features an ensemble cast that includes Meryl Streep, Emily Blunt, James Corden, Anna Kendrick, Chris Pine, Tracey Ullman, Christine Baranski, Lilla Crawford, Daniel Huttlestone, MacKenzie Mauzy, Billy Magnussen, and Johnny Depp. Inspired by the Grimm Brothers' fairy tales of \"Little Red Riding Hood\", \"Cinderella\", \"Jack and the Beanstalk\", and \"Rapunzel\", the film is a fantasy", "title": "Into the Woods (film)" }, { "id": "18045505", "text": "of Nick Nolte that he was eventually cast in the role. Redford said of the project: Larry Charles (of \"Borat\" and \"Brüno\") was briefly attached as director, but eventually the job went to Ken Kwapis, whose most recent film was \"Big Miracle\" and who was a key figure on the U.S. television series \"The Office\". Principal photography of the film began on May 5, 2014, in Los Angeles. Exterior locations were largely filmed at Amicalola Falls State Park, in Dawsonville, Georgia, including scenes at The Lodge at Amicalola Falls. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 23,", "title": "A Walk in the Woods (film)" }, { "id": "16072318", "text": "Tate Taylor Tate Taylor (born June 3, 1969) is an American actor, screenwriter, film producer and director. He is best known for directing \"The Help\" (2011), \"Get on Up\" (2014) and \"The Girl on the Train\" (2016). Taylor was born on June 3, 1969 in Jackson, Mississippi, where he grew up. He attended preschool in Jackson with writer Kathryn Stockett. Taylor worked for 15 years in New York City and Los Angeles. Though he debuted as a feature film director in \"Pretty Ugly People\" (2008), he was primarily an actor for most of his career, in films such as \"Winter's", "title": "Tate Taylor" }, { "id": "8454513", "text": "Don Taylor (American actor and director) Donald Richie Taylor (December 13, 1920 – December 29, 1998) was an American actor and film director. He co-starred in 1940s and 1950s classics, including the 1948 film noir \"The Naked City\", \"Battleground\", \"Father of the Bride\", \"Father's Little Dividend\" and \"Stalag 17\". He later turned to directing films such as \"Escape from the Planet of the Apes\" (1971), \"Tom Sawyer\" (1973), and \"\" (1978). The son of Mr. and Mrs. D.E. Taylor, he was born Donald Ritchie Taylor in Freeport, Pennsylvania, on December 13, 1920. (Another source says that he was born \"in", "title": "Don Taylor (American actor and director)" }, { "id": "18335096", "text": "\"Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest\" on ABC on December 31, 2015. It marked Swift's and Kahn's fourth collaboration in \"1989\" following \"Blank Space\", \"Bad Blood\" and \"Wildest Dreams\". The video was filmed on location in New Zealand in the mountains of Queenstown and on Bethells Beach. During the filming, a severe storm struck, causing trees to fall around them. After evacuating, filming resumed a week later. The video starts with the caption \"She lost him.\" Next, Swift is first seen on the beach barefoot and only wearing a blue dress. She runs through what appears to", "title": "Out of the Woods (song)" }, { "id": "19227024", "text": "version of \"Amazing Grace\" was featured during the intro to the season 10 finale of the popular The Discovery Channel show, \"Deadliest Catch\". On October 19, 2014, Taylor Swift praised Holfelder's cover of her song, \"Out of the Woods,\" in a tweet. On May 2, 2015, Richard Marx tweeted his approval of Holfelder's cover of his hit song, \"Right Here Waiting\". During the 2015 NFL season, several of Holfelder's minor key covers were featured on ESPN's \"Sunday NFL Countdown\". In December 2015, popular YouTuber Kurt Hugo Schneider directed a music video for Holfelder's minor-key version of Mariah Carey's \"All I", "title": "Chase Holfelder" }, { "id": "16214824", "text": "period for another project to go ahead; he said \"My friends and I were in the middle of another project, waiting for the rights for that, and it was taking too long.\" Filming started two months after the initial idea, took twelve days to shoot, and was completed for a budget of $100,000. The film is D'Onofrio's feature length directorial debut. During an interview with Patrick McDonald of hollywoodchicago.com, he was asked how directors he had worked with influenced him; D'Onofrio said that great directors stuck with their original idea and were not sidetracked. McDonald asked him \"How did you", "title": "Don't Go in the Woods (2010 film)" }, { "id": "18784963", "text": "Anthony O'Brien Anthony O'Brien, is a director as well as a writer, producer, and editor. He grew up in Seattle, Washington and currently resides in Los Angeles, California. He is best known as the director of the feature film \"The Timber\", starring \"Josh Peck\" and \"James Ransone\". His directorial debut \"Perfect Sport\" won multiple awards. O'Brien co-starred in his directorial debut Perfect Sport, which was an official selection at \"Seattle International Film Festival\" and went on to win the SIFF People's Choice award. It also won the National Film Festival for Talented Youth Audience Award, and the Gold Remi award", "title": "Anthony O'Brien" }, { "id": "14196915", "text": "Scott Cooper (director) Scott Cooper (born April 20, 1970) is an American director, screenwriter, producer and actor. He is known for writing and directing \"Crazy Heart\" (2009), \"Out of the Furnace\" (2013), \"Black Mass\" (2015) and \"Hostiles\" (2017). Cooper was born in Abingdon, Virginia. He is a 1988 graduate of Abingdon High School. Cooper trained as an actor at Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute in New York City. He received both his undergraduate degree in 1992 and his Doctor of Humane Letters in 2014 from Hampden–Sydney College in Hampden Sydney, Virginia. Cooper is married and lives in Los Angeles", "title": "Scott Cooper (director)" }, { "id": "17318874", "text": "of the car. He then goes on to say that the only thing he was good at skipping was school and that he would smile but meth had spoiled his teeth. Out of the Woods (film) Out of the Woods: Life and Death in Dirty Dave's Homeless Camp is a 2012 feature documentary film by Michael E. Arth. It follows the life and death struggles of homeless people living in a camp in the woods for four years. Arth single-handely directed, shot and edited \"Out of the Woods\" after meeting one of the subjects, Dean \"Dino the Dinosaur\" Bieber, in", "title": "Out of the Woods (film)" }, { "id": "18293998", "text": "Wes Ball Wes Ball (born October 28, 1980) is an American film director, visual effects artist and graphic artist. He attended Crescent City Jr./Sr. High School and graduated in 1999. He graduated from the Florida State University College of Motion Picture Arts with a BFA in 2002. He is best known for directing the 2014 film \"The Maze Runner\", based on James Dashner's novel. Ball also directed the sequel, \"\", which opened in theaters on September 18, 2015, and the third film, \"\". Ball is attached to direct a film adaptation of \"Fall of Gods\", a crowdfunded illustrated novel from", "title": "Wes Ball" }, { "id": "4726426", "text": "series finale of \"The Office\". He also produced the half-hour Showtime pilot \"Happyish\", written by Shalom Auslander and starring Philip Seymour Hoffman. The project stalled after Hoffman's death, but was eventually recast with Steve Coogan. It made its debut on Showtime in April 2015 and, in addition to producing, Kwapis directed four of its episodes. In 2014, Kwapis directed the feature film \"A Walk in the Woods\", based on the bestselling travel memoir by Bill Bryson. The film stars Robert Redford and Nick Nolte as two old friends who decide to walk the 2,100-mile Appalachian Trail. The film, which was", "title": "Ken Kwapis" }, { "id": "10993264", "text": "Kyle Newman Kyle Newman (born March 16, 1976) is an American filmmaker and author. His directorial work encompasses a number of feature films, including the action-comedy \"Barely Lethal\", starring Hailee Steinfeld and Samuel L. Jackson, Jessica Alba and Sophie Turner, for producer Brett Ratner, released by A24 Films; \"Fanboys\", a Star Wars-themed comedy starring Kristen Bell, produced by Kevin Spacey and distributed by The Weinstein Company; as well as The Hollow, a modern retelling of Washington Irving's The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. He has directed music videos for Taylor Swift (“Style”) and Lana Del Rey (“Summertime Sadness”), and created the", "title": "Kyle Newman" }, { "id": "8408946", "text": "James Foley (director) James Foley (born December 28, 1953) is an American film director. His 1986 film \"At Close Range\" was entered into the 36th Berlin International Film Festival. Other films he has directed include \"Glengarry Glen Ross\", based on the play of the same name by David Mamet, and \"The Chamber\", based on the novel of the same name by author John Grisham. He also directed the two sequels to \"Fifty Shades of Grey\", \"Fifty Shades Darker\" (2017) and \"Fifty Shades Freed\" (2018). Foley was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, New York, the son of a lawyer. He graduated", "title": "James Foley (director)" }, { "id": "10195516", "text": "Rick Carter Rick Carter (born 1950) is an American production designer and art director. He is known for his work in the film \"Forrest Gump\", which earned him an Oscar nomination, as well as numerous nominations of other awards for his work in \"Amistad\" and \"A.I. Artificial Intelligence\". Other films include \"Cast Away\", \"War of the Worlds\", \"What Lies Beneath\", \"Jurassic Park\", \"Avatar\", and \"Back to the Future Part II\" and \"Part III\". Many of the films that he has worked on are directed by Steven Spielberg or Robert Zemeckis. For his part in the Art Direction of \"Avatar\", he", "title": "Rick Carter" }, { "id": "13175870", "text": "Liliana Greenfield-Sanders Liliana Greenfield-Sanders (born October 10, 1981) is an American filmmaker. Greenfield-Sanders is a writer and director, born and raised in the East Village of New York City. She received honors in Art-Semiotics from Brown University and attended New York University Graduate Film School for her Masters in Film. Greenfield-Sanders participated in the 2011 Sundance Screenwriters and Directors Labs, won the 2012 Sloan Foundation Feature Film Award, won the 2012 Tribeca All Access Grant and Grand Jury mention for the Creative Promise Award and was chosen for the 2013/2014 Warner Bros. Television Workshop. She is founder and Head Programmer/Director", "title": "Liliana Greenfield-Sanders" }, { "id": "6139808", "text": "Scott Derrickson Scott Derrickson (born July 16, 1966) is an American director, screenwriter and producer. He lives in Los Angeles, California. Derrickson is best known for directing numerous horror films, such as \"The Exorcism of Emily Rose\" (2005), \"Sinister\" (2012), and \"Deliver Us From Evil\" (2014), as well as the Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero film \"Doctor Strange\" (2016). Derrickson grew up in Denver, Colorado. He graduated from Biola University with a B.A. in Humanities, with an emphasis on literature and philosophy, and a B.A. in communications, with an emphasis on film, and a minor in theological studies. He earned his", "title": "Scott Derrickson" }, { "id": "7963584", "text": "singles \"Out of the Woods\" and \"New Romantics\". \"Shake It Off\", \"Blank Space\", and \"Bad Blood\" also topped the charts in Australia and Canada. After \"Blank Space\" reached number-one in the US following \"Shake It Off\", Swift became the first woman in the Hot 100's history to succeed herself at the top spot. The music video for the former briefly became the fastest video to reach one billion views on Vevo. The videos for \"Blank Space\" and \"Bad Blood\" won four accolades at the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards, with the latter winning for Video of the Year and Best", "title": "Taylor Swift" }, { "id": "2811506", "text": "how do we buttress it? If we have a mechanical shark, how does it kill? Will it shoot things from its snout?\" Ranft said Selick has an uncanny gift: \"He can articulate things through animation that people couldn't say otherwise.\" Henry Selick Charles Henry Selick (; born November 30, 1952) is an American stop motion director, producer and writer who is best known for directing the stop-motion animation films \"The Nightmare Before Christmas\" (1993), \"James and the Giant Peach\" (1996), and \"Coraline\" (2009). He studied at the Program in Experimental Animation at California Institute of the Arts, under the guidance", "title": "Henry Selick" }, { "id": "6268294", "text": "trade, civil rights, war, and terrorism. Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for \"Schindler's List\" and \"Saving Private Ryan\", as well as receiving five other nominations. Three of Spielberg's films—\"Jaws\", \"E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial\", and \"Jurassic Park\"—achieved box office records, originated and came to epitomize the blockbuster film. The unadjusted gross of all Spielberg-directed films exceeds $10 billion worldwide, making him the highest-grossing director in history and the first to ever pass this milestone (on approximately April 16th 2018). Spielberg has worked as a producer, executive producer, director, or in an otherwise creative capacity on several films where he", "title": "Steven Spielberg filmography" }, { "id": "7083902", "text": "Finn Taylor Finn Taylor (born July 4, 1958) is an American film writer and director. Taylor was born in Oakland, California, and lived in Norway for a few years in his childhood. He attended the University of Montana and later San Francisco State University. He studied poetry and playwriting at San Francisco State before moving into screenwriting in 1993. Taylor frequently works and produces films in the San Francisco bay area rather than for major studios in Hollywood and Los Angeles. Taylor told the \"San Francisco Chronicle\", \"I feel really strongly that I stay based up here. My roots in", "title": "Finn Taylor" }, { "id": "6149296", "text": "and commercial reception to films Zack Snyder has directed as of November 26, 2017: Snyder's body of work has earned him a number of awards, including two Clio Awards and a Gold Lion Award for his Jeep \"Frisbee\" commercial. He also won the Society of British Advertisers Award for Humor for his controversial EB Beer commercial \"General's Party.\" Zack Snyder Zachary Edward Snyder (born March 1, 1966) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. He made his feature film debut in 2004 with a remake of the 1978 horror film \"Dawn of the Dead\". Since then, he has done", "title": "Zack Snyder" }, { "id": "16072321", "text": "being produced by Jason Blum through his Blumhouse Productions banner and is planned on being released in 2019. Taylor resides on the Wyolah Plantation, an Antebellum plantation in Church Hill, Mississippi. Director Actor Tate Taylor Tate Taylor (born June 3, 1969) is an American actor, screenwriter, film producer and director. He is best known for directing \"The Help\" (2011), \"Get on Up\" (2014) and \"The Girl on the Train\" (2016). Taylor was born on June 3, 1969 in Jackson, Mississippi, where he grew up. He attended preschool in Jackson with writer Kathryn Stockett. Taylor worked for 15 years in New", "title": "Tate Taylor" }, { "id": "19630268", "text": "Ericson Core Ericson Core is an American film director and cinematographer, best known for directing the 2006 sports film \"Invincible\" and the 2015 film \"Point Break\". He has been director of photography on several films including \"Payback\", \"The Fast and the Furious\", and \"Daredevil\". Core attended the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California, at age 16, and he then attended USC School of Cinematic Arts in Los Angeles to get a B.A. degree in film production and directing studies. He received a Master of Fine Arts degree in directing and cinematography, also from the Art Center College of", "title": "Ericson Core" }, { "id": "6139813", "text": "and has two children. Critical, public and commercial reception to films Derrickson has directed as of November 13, 2016. Scott Derrickson Scott Derrickson (born July 16, 1966) is an American director, screenwriter and producer. He lives in Los Angeles, California. Derrickson is best known for directing numerous horror films, such as \"The Exorcism of Emily Rose\" (2005), \"Sinister\" (2012), and \"Deliver Us From Evil\" (2014), as well as the Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero film \"Doctor Strange\" (2016). Derrickson grew up in Denver, Colorado. He graduated from Biola University with a B.A. in Humanities, with an emphasis on literature and philosophy,", "title": "Scott Derrickson" }, { "id": "4854328", "text": "they have 2 sons. In 2014, the couple announced that they were divorcing. James Mangold James Mangold (born December 16, 1963) is an American film and television director, screenwriter and producer. He is best known for directing the films \"Cop Land\" (1997), \"Girl, Interrupted\" (1999), \"Kate & Leopold\" (2001), \"Walk the Line\" (2005), \"\" (2007), and \"Knight and Day\" (2010). Mangold also directed the superhero films based on the Marvel Comics character Wolverine, \"The Wolverine\" (2013) and \"Logan\" (2017), the latter of which earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He also produced and directed", "title": "James Mangold" }, { "id": "18335098", "text": "with the caption \"She lost him, but she found herself, and somehow that was everything.\", which was part of the secret messages in her song, \"Clean\" in the lyric-booklet of her \"1989\" record. Sharan Shetty of \"Slate\" wrote the subject of the song, anxiety, \"is literalized to an extreme degree in the song’s video\". Peter Sblendorio of the \"New York Daily News\" deemed it \"perhaps her most stunning music video yet\" and hailed the visuals as \"eye-popping\". \"People\" also called it \"an eye-popper of a video\", while \"Billboard\" agreed on the stunningness of the clip. Writing for \"Spin\", Harley Brown", "title": "Out of the Woods (song)" }, { "id": "17625568", "text": "Steve Martino Stephen Michael \"Steve\" Martino (born July 21, 1959) is an American director and designer, best known for directing the films \"Horton Hears a Who!\" (2008), \"\" (2012) and \"The Peanuts Movie\" (2015). Martino went to Ohio State University where he studied design. After graduation, he heard computer animation pioneer Chuck Csuri speak. \"I was absolutely blown away. No one was doing what he was showing us. I hadn't seen images like that anywhere before,\" Martino said. He returned to the university and earned in 1989 a master's degree, studying at the Computer Graphics Research Group (later renamed to", "title": "Steve Martino" }, { "id": "18293999", "text": "Denmark-based Mood Studios. Wes Ball Wes Ball (born October 28, 1980) is an American film director, visual effects artist and graphic artist. He attended Crescent City Jr./Sr. High School and graduated in 1999. He graduated from the Florida State University College of Motion Picture Arts with a BFA in 2002. He is best known for directing the 2014 film \"The Maze Runner\", based on James Dashner's novel. Ball also directed the sequel, \"\", which opened in theaters on September 18, 2015, and the third film, \"\". Ball is attached to direct a film adaptation of \"Fall of Gods\", a crowdfunded", "title": "Wes Ball" }, { "id": "4854320", "text": "James Mangold James Mangold (born December 16, 1963) is an American film and television director, screenwriter and producer. He is best known for directing the films \"Cop Land\" (1997), \"Girl, Interrupted\" (1999), \"Kate & Leopold\" (2001), \"Walk the Line\" (2005), \"\" (2007), and \"Knight and Day\" (2010). Mangold also directed the superhero films based on the Marvel Comics character Wolverine, \"The Wolverine\" (2013) and \"Logan\" (2017), the latter of which earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He also produced and directed pilots for the television series \"Men in Trees\" (2006–2008), \"NYC 22\" (2011–2012), and", "title": "James Mangold" }, { "id": "7676834", "text": "Shania Twain single \"Forever and for Always\"(2003), \"Out of the Woods\" for Taylor Swift, TV series \"The New Adventures of Black Beauty\", Brit/New Zealand TV movie \"The Man Who Lost His Head\", and episodes of \"\", \"Young Hercules\", and \"\". Battle scenes for New Disney Channel Original movie \"Avalon High\" were also filmed there. In addition, K-pop singer Taeyeon's first solo music video I, and the end scenes of were also filmed here. Te Henga (Bethells Beach) Te Henga (Bethells Beach) is a coastal community in the Auckland Region in the north of the North Island, New Zealand. The Māori", "title": "Te Henga (Bethells Beach)" }, { "id": "8894808", "text": "Craig Zisk Craig Zisk is an American director and producer. Zisk was born to a Jewish family. After graduating from the University of Southern California, Zisk directed his first television series, \"Brooklyn Bridge\", at the age of 26. His first feature film was \"The English Teacher\", starring Julianne Moore, Greg Kinnear, Nathan Lane, Michael Angarano and Lily Collins. Zisk has executive produced several series including \"Weeds\", \"United States of Tara\" and \"The Larry Sanders Show\". Zisk has also directed over 50 series including \"The Big C\", \"Nurse Jackie\", \"Entourage\", \"The Office\", \"Alias\", \"Smash\", \"Parks and Recreation\", \"Shameless\" and \"Nip/Tuck\". Zisk", "title": "Craig Zisk" }, { "id": "18784964", "text": "for Best Dramatic Feature Film at \"Worldfest Houston\". His second feature film \"The Timber\" was picked up for distribution nationally and internationally and was released in the United States in 2015. Anthony O'Brien Anthony O'Brien, is a director as well as a writer, producer, and editor. He grew up in Seattle, Washington and currently resides in Los Angeles, California. He is best known as the director of the feature film \"The Timber\", starring \"Josh Peck\" and \"James Ransone\". His directorial debut \"Perfect Sport\" won multiple awards. O'Brien co-starred in his directorial debut Perfect Sport, which was an official selection at", "title": "Anthony O'Brien" }, { "id": "5220096", "text": "Kyle Chandler Kyle Martin Chandler is an American actor. He has held roles such as Gary Hobson on \"Early Edition\" and as Coach Eric Taylor in the drama series \"Friday Night Lights\", for which he won a Primetime Emmy Award in 2011. He has starred in the films \"King Kong\" (2005), \"The Day the Earth Stood Still\" (2008), \"Super 8\" (2011), \"Argo\" (2012), \"Zero Dark Thirty\" (2012), \"The Wolf of Wall Street\" (2013), \"Carol\" (2015), \"Manchester by the Sea\" (2016), and \"Game Night\" (2018). From 2015 to 2017, he starred in Netflix's drama series \"Bloodline\", for which he received his", "title": "Kyle Chandler" }, { "id": "858201", "text": "John G. Avildsen John Guilbert Avildsen (December 21, 1935 – June 16, 2017) was an American film director. He won the Academy Award for Best Director in 1977 for \"Rocky\". Other films he directed include \"Joe\" (1970), \"Save the Tiger\" (1973), \"Fore Play\" (1975), \"The Formula\" (1980), \"Neighbors\" (1981), \"For Keeps\" (1988), \"Lean on Me\" (1989), \"Rocky V\" (1990), \"The Power of One\" (1992), \"8 Seconds\" (1994), \"Inferno\" (1999) and the first three \"The Karate Kid\" films. Avildsen was born in Oak Park, Illinois, the son of Ivy (née Guilbert) and Clarence John Avildsen. He was educated at The Hotchkiss", "title": "John G. Avildsen" }, { "id": "11126543", "text": "Seith Mann Seith Mann (born 1973) is an American film and television director. He directed the award-winning \"Five Deep Breaths\" and has gone on to direct for \"The Wire\", \"Grey's Anatomy\" and \"Fringe\". Mann was inspired to become a director when he saw the Spike Lee film \"Do the Right Thing\". Mann graduated from Morehouse College and later earned an MFA in film at the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University. Mann's thesis at New York University was the short film \"Five Deep Breaths\". It was awarded the Spike Lee fellowship while in development in 2002. The", "title": "Seith Mann" }, { "id": "427578", "text": "Board of Review Awards Chicago Film Critics Association Awards Producers Guild of America Awards 64th Venice International Film Festival Lacanian Psychoanalysis Prize The Order of the Arts and Letters Moscow International Film Festival Critical, public and commercial reception to films Burton has directed as of February 2017. Tim Burton Timothy Walter Burton (born August 25, 1958) is an American film director, producer, artist, writer, and animator. He is known for his dark, gothic, and eccentric horror and fantasy films such as \"Beetlejuice\" (1988), \"Edward Scissorhands\" (1990), \"The Nightmare Before Christmas\" (1993), \"Ed Wood\" (1994), \"Sleepy Hollow\" (1999), \"Corpse Bride\" (2005),", "title": "Tim Burton" }, { "id": "6114335", "text": "Computer Wore Tennis Shoes\" and \"The Barefoot Executive\". Butler has won two Emmy Awards for outstanding directing, the first in 1973 for \"The Blue Knight\" pilot, and the second in 1981 for his \"Hill Street Blues\" premiere. In 2014 Butler's work was the subject of a career retrospective at the UCLA Film and Television Archive. Butler was honored by the Directors Guild of America (DGA) with a Lifetime Achievement Award in February 2015. Robert Butler (director) Robert Butler (born November 16, 1927) is an American film and Emmy Award-winning television director. He is best known for his work in television,", "title": "Robert Butler (director)" }, { "id": "3205054", "text": "Michael J. Fox for Disney. In 1993 he directed \"Passion,\" starring the original Broadway cast, for television. He directed the film version of Anne Tyler's novel \"Earthly Possessions\", starring Susan Sarandon and Stephen Dorff, for HBO in 1999. He wrote the screenplay for Disney's film version of \"Into the Woods\" (2014), directed by Rob Marshall. He wrote and directed the film \"Custody\" in 2016 with Viola Davis, Hayden Panettiere and Catalina Sandino Moreno. Lapine received the 2015 Mr. Abbott Award at a special gala on October 19, 2015. The award is presented by the Stage Directors and Choreographers Foundation \"in", "title": "James Lapine" }, { "id": "13348125", "text": "Craig Zobel Roger Craig Zobel (born October 6, 1976) is an American film director of the films \"Compliance\" and \"Great World of Sound\" and who also co-founded \"Homestar Runner\" and \"Ron Planet\". Zobel was born on September 16, 1976 in New York and grew up in Atlanta, Georgia, later studying film at the North Carolina School of the Arts alongside David Gordon Green and other future collaborators. After graduation, Zobel worked on Green's first three films — \"George Washington\" (2000), \"All the Real Girls\", (2003) and \"Undertow\" (2003), as either co-producer, production manager or second unit director. He currently lives", "title": "Craig Zobel" }, { "id": "12271102", "text": "Jonathan Levine Jonathan A. Levine (born June 18, 1976) is an American film director and screenwriter. He is well known for directing \"50/50\" in 2011. Jonathan A. Levine was born and raised in New York City, He attended St. Bernard's School, in Manhattan, and Phillips Academy, in Andover, Massachusetts. He received his bachelor's degree from Brown University, where he majored in Art Semiotics. He earned his Masters of Fine Arts (MFA) in Film Directing from the American Film Institute, in Los Angeles, at its AFI Conservatory. In 2006, he was nominated for a Best Independent Mini-Feature Award at the Black", "title": "Jonathan Levine" }, { "id": "7813479", "text": "Lucky McKee Edward Lucky McKee (born November 1, 1975) is an American director, writer, and actor, largely known for the 2002 cult film \"May\". McKee was born in Jenny Lind, California. He has directed \"Sick Girl\", the 10th episode of the first season of the popular Showtime TV series \"Masters of Horror\". He directed the film \"The Woods\", which was released on DVD October 3, 2006. Lucky McKee also co-directed the hard-to-find horror film \"All Cheerleaders Die\", which is not currently in print. McKee optioned Jack Ketchum's novel \"The Lost\" and produced the film adaptation directed by Chris Sivertson. McKee", "title": "Lucky McKee" }, { "id": "7640858", "text": "Roger Pratt (cinematographer) Roger Pratt BSC (born 27 February 1947) is a British cinematographer. Pratt has been the director of photography for more than 35 films. Among his body of films, he has worked on \"Batman\" (1989), \"Frankenstein\" (1994), \"102 Dalmatians\" (2000), \"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets\" (2002), \"Troy\" (2004), and more recently \"Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire\" (2005), \"Inkheart\" (2008) and \"The Karate Kid\" (2010). Pratt is also a frequent collaborator of directors Terry Gilliam, Roger Christian and Richard Attenborough. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography for his work in \"The", "title": "Roger Pratt (cinematographer)" }, { "id": "20952994", "text": "history which primarily consists of editing comedy and music, including multiple official music videos for artist Taylor Swift. In December 2018, NBC announced Everitt was announced as one of the members of the NBC Alternative Directors Program in its inaugural year. She will work on World of Dance and The Wall. Everitt has directed spots for brands including Disney Parks and the LA County Fair. Sharon Everitt Sharon Everitt is an American film and television director, producer, and editor. Everitt's resume primarily consists of directing comedy, music, and performance. She is known for directing the Comedy Central series The High", "title": "Sharon Everitt" }, { "id": "15547939", "text": "2017, the second episode of 13 Reasons Why aired, featuring \"Run Boy Run\". The Grammy Awards are held annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Yoann has 2 nominations. Lemoine is openly gay. Yoann Lemoine Yoann Lemoine (born 16 March 1983) is a French music video director, graphic designer and singer-songwriter. His most notable works include his music video direction for Katy Perry's \"Teenage Dream\", Taylor Swift's \"Back to December\", Lana Del Rey's \"Born to Die\" and Harry Styles' \"Sign of the Times\". Lemoine is also a neofolk musician, going by the stage name Woodkid. On March", "title": "Yoann Lemoine" }, { "id": "6324613", "text": "Winick directed the films \"Out of the Rain\" (1991), \"Tadpole\" (2002), \"13 Going on 30\" (2004), and the live-action remake of \"Charlotte's Web\" (2006). His final films were \"Bride Wars\" and \"Letters to Juliet\". He produced such films as \"Pieces of April\" (2003) and \"November\" (2004) through his New York City-based independent film production company InDigEnt, founded in 1999. Winick died of pneumonia in Manhattan on February 27, 2011, at age 49, resulting from brain cancer that had spread throughout him since 2009. Gary Winick Gary Scott Winick (March 31, 1961February 27, 2011) was an American filmmaker whose movies as", "title": "Gary Winick" }, { "id": "17318872", "text": "Marchman/ACT/Pinegrove. Tiger Bay Village would be run as a non-profit and it would serve as a more efficient and compassionate alternative for those who would otherwise be incarcerated for substance abuse or mental health related issues. Arth's prodding led to a grudging but growing acceptance by local officials and agencies the necessity of building a holistic, campus of services at the location he suggested. The film premiered at Cinematique in Daytona Beach, FL on February 8, 2013 and was featured at the Ft. Myers Beach Film Festival in April 2013. It was subsequently made available on YouTube where it garnered", "title": "Out of the Woods (film)" }, { "id": "11638402", "text": "David Snyder David L. Snyder (born September 22, 1944) is a film and television production designer. He has worked as an art director, producer, and assistant director on films including \"Blade Runner\", \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\", \"The Whole Nine Yards\", and the television programs \"Buck Rogers in the 25th Century\" and \"Battlestar Galactica\". He was nominated for Academy Award for Best Art Direction for his work on \"Blade Runner\" at the 55th Academy Awards. The film won the BAFTA for Production Design in 1983. Snyder was born in Buffalo, New York and attended the Technical High School there where", "title": "David Snyder" }, { "id": "6284079", "text": "Matthew Libatique Matthew Libatique, is an American cinematographer who is best known for his work with director Darren Aronofsky on the films \"Pi\" (1998), \"Requiem for a Dream\" (2000), \"The Fountain\" (2006), \"Black Swan\" (2010), \"Noah\" (2014) and \"Mother!\" (2017)\".\" He also shot Bradley Cooper's directorial debut film, \"A Star Is Born\" (2018), which received critical acclaim. Matthew Libatique was born in Elmhurst, Queens, New York City, to Filipino American parents Justiniano Libatique (deceased) and Georgina Porter, who remarried an American. Libatique became interested in photography after his father, an amateur photographer who worked at a film laboratory in New", "title": "Matthew Libatique" }, { "id": "4843834", "text": "He was honored by the African American Film Critics Association with their 2004 Special Achievement Award and was recognized by the Artist Empowerment Coalition with the Artist Empowerment Award that same year. He also received the Pioneer Director award from the Pan-African Film and Arts Festival in 2010. Gray also directed the 2015 drama \"Straight Outta Compton\", a biographical film about the rap group N.W.A. In 2017, Gray directed \"The Fate of the Furious\", the eighth film in \"The Fast and the Furious\" franchise, which was released on April 14, 2017. Upon release, both films set the record for best", "title": "F. Gary Gray" }, { "id": "213251", "text": "Jonathan Demme Robert Jonathan Demme ( ; February 22, 1944 – April 26, 2017) was an American director, producer, and screenwriter. He is best known for directing the psychological horror \"The Silence of the Lambs\" (1991), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Director. He also directed \"Melvin and Howard\" (1980), \"Swing Shift\" (1984), \"Something Wild\" (1986), \"Married to the Mob\" (1988), the concert film \"Stop Making Sense\" (1984), \"Philadelphia\" (1993) and \"Rachel Getting Married\" (2008). Demme was born on February 22, 1944 in Baldwin, New York, the son of Dorothy Louise (\"née\" Rogers) and Robert Eugene Demme,", "title": "Jonathan Demme" }, { "id": "19630270", "text": "United States on December 25, 2015 by Warner Bros. Pictures. Ericson Core Ericson Core is an American film director and cinematographer, best known for directing the 2006 sports film \"Invincible\" and the 2015 film \"Point Break\". He has been director of photography on several films including \"Payback\", \"The Fast and the Furious\", and \"Daredevil\". Core attended the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California, at age 16, and he then attended USC School of Cinematic Arts in Los Angeles to get a B.A. degree in film production and directing studies. He received a Master of Fine Arts degree in", "title": "Ericson Core" }, { "id": "12517319", "text": "Leslie Iwerks Leslie Iwerks () (born 1970) is an American producer, director, and writer. She is daughter of Disney Legend Don Iwerks and granddaughter of Ub Iwerks, the animator and co-creator of Mickey Mouse and Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. She has directed films including \"Recycled Life\" which was nominated for an Academy Award and \"The Pixar Story\" which was nominated for an Emmy for best nonfiction special. She is a member of the Documentary Branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, and the International Documentary Association. She has worked with", "title": "Leslie Iwerks" }, { "id": "4843830", "text": "F. Gary Gray Felix Gary Gray (born July 17, 1969) is an American film director, film producer, music video director and actor. Gray directed \"Friday\", \"Set It Off\", \"The Negotiator\", \"The Italian Job\" and \"Straight Outta Compton\". He also directed the eighth installment of the \"Fast and the Furious\" franchise, \"The Fate of the Furious\", which is the 11th highest-grossing film of all-time. He also directed such critically acclaimed and award-winning music videos as \"It Was a Good Day\" by Ice Cube, \"Natural Born Killaz\" by Dr. Dre and Ice Cube, \"Keep Their Heads Ringin'\" by Dr. Dre, \"Waterfalls\" by", "title": "F. Gary Gray" }, { "id": "3700884", "text": "Lee Tamahori Lee Tamahori (; born 17 June 1950) is a New Zealand filmmaker best known for directing the 1994 film \"Once Were Warriors\", 2001 film \"Along Came a Spider\" and 2002 James Bond film \"Die Another Day\". Born Warren Lee Tamahori, in Wellington, New Zealand, he is of Māori ancestry on his father's side and British on his mother's. Tamahori grew up in Tawa, a northern suburb of Wellington, North Island, New Zealand. Educated at Tawa School and Tawa College, he began his career as a commercial artist and photographer. He moved into the film industry in the late", "title": "Lee Tamahori" }, { "id": "3728161", "text": "Amy Heckerling Amy Heckerling (born May 7, 1954) is an American film director. An alumna of both New York University and the American Film Institute, she directed the commercially successful films \"Fast Times at Ridgemont High\", \"National Lampoon's European Vacation\", \"Look Who's Talking\", and \"Clueless\". Heckerling is a recipient of AFI's Franklin J. Schaffner Alumni Medal celebrating her creative talents and artistic achievements. Heckerling was born in The Bronx, New York City, to a bookkeeper mother and an accountant father. She had a Jewish upbringing and remembers that the apartment building where she spent her early childhood was full of", "title": "Amy Heckerling" }, { "id": "17625570", "text": "released on March 5, 2021. Steve Martino Stephen Michael \"Steve\" Martino (born July 21, 1959) is an American director and designer, best known for directing the films \"Horton Hears a Who!\" (2008), \"\" (2012) and \"The Peanuts Movie\" (2015). Martino went to Ohio State University where he studied design. After graduation, he heard computer animation pioneer Chuck Csuri speak. \"I was absolutely blown away. No one was doing what he was showing us. I hadn't seen images like that anywhere before,\" Martino said. He returned to the university and earned in 1989 a master's degree, studying at the Computer Graphics", "title": "Steve Martino" }, { "id": "14987103", "text": "Russo brothers Anthony Russo (born February 1970) and Joseph Russo (born July 1971), collectively known as the Russo brothers (), are American film and television directors. The brothers direct most of their work jointly, and also occasionally work as producers, screenwriters, actors, and editors. The brothers directed the superhero films \"\" (2014), \"\" (2016), \"\" (2018), as well as \"\" (2019), all four part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. They are also known for their work on the comedy series \"Arrested Development\", for which they won an Emmy Award, and \"Community\". Their film \"\" became the fourth film and the", "title": "Russo brothers" }, { "id": "17749980", "text": "Víctor Pérez (director) Víctor Raúl Pérez Raya (; born 11 February 1981) is a Spanish film director, producer, screenwriter and visual effects artist who has worked on a number of Hollywood films, including \"The Dark Knight Rises\" (Dir. Christopher Nolan, 2012), \"Rogue One: A Star Wars Story\" (Dir. Gareth Edwards, 2016), \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\" (Dir. David Yates, 2010)\",\" \"\" (Dir. Rob Marshall, 2011) \"and 127 Hours\" (Dir. Danny Boyle, 2010)\",\" plus many more. In 2015 Perez delved into the world of film directing. Since then, he has released two short films and received more than 27 awards", "title": "Víctor Pérez (director)" }, { "id": "5515118", "text": "Andy Ackerman Robert Andrew \"Andy\" Ackerman (September 19, 1956) is an American director and producer and script editor who is best known for his work on \"Seinfeld\", \"The New Adventures of Old Christine\" and the HBO series \"Curb Your Enthusiasm\". He is a 1978 graduate of Santa Clara University. Born in Los Angeles, Ackerman began his career as a videotape editor on \"WKRP in Cincinnati\" (1979–82) and \"Newhart\", winning an Emmy for the former. He also was an assistant editor on \"Welcome Back, Kotter\". Ackerman directed \"Seinfeld\" starting in its sixth season. He directed 89 episodes. He has directed every", "title": "Andy Ackerman" }, { "id": "2013231", "text": "Chris Columbus (filmmaker) Chris Joseph Columbus (born September 10, 1958) is an American filmmaker. Columbus is known for directing films such as \"Home Alone\" (1990); its sequel, \"\" (1992); \"Mrs. Doubtfire\" (1993); \"Nine Months\" (1995); \"Stepmom\" (1998); \"Bicentennial Man\" (1999); \"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\" (2001); its sequel, \"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets\" (2002); \"\" (2010); and \"Pixels\" (2015). He is also known for writing films such as \"Gremlins\" (1984) and \"The Goonies\" (1985). \"Home Alone\" won a British Comedy Award for Best Comedy Film. Columbus received an Academy Award nomination for producing \"The Help\" (2011). Columbus", "title": "Chris Columbus (filmmaker)" }, { "id": "7477196", "text": "design artists. He made his directorial debut with the Pixar short \"Lifted\", for which he received his fourteenth Academy Award nomination. It was included in the Animation Show of Shows in 2006. His debut feature film for the studio, \"Newt\", has been put on indefinite hold. He has also directed the Pixar short \"Hawaiian Vacation\" and the Lucasfilm animated feature \"Strange Magic\". Rydstrom has also served as English language director on \"Tales From Earthsea\", \"Arrietty\", \"From Up on Poppy Hill\", and \"The Wind Rises\", all four films were produced by Japanese animation company Studio Ghibli. Gary Rydstrom has been nominated", "title": "Gary Rydstrom" }, { "id": "6734291", "text": "John Hough (director) John Hough (born 21 November 1941) is a British film and television director. He is primarily known for his suspense films of the 1970s and 1980s, including \"The Legend of Hell House\" (1973), \"The Watcher in the Woods\" (1980), and \"The Incubus\" (1982), and \"American Gothic\" (1988). After many credits as a second unit director on \"The Baron\", \"The Avengers\" and \"The Champions\", he took his first job as a director on the 1968 season of \"The Avengers\", directing episodes such as \"Super Secret Cypher Snatch\" and \"Homicide and Old Lace\". \"ITC was a very special place", "title": "John Hough (director)" }, { "id": "6278595", "text": "Gary Trousdale Gary A. Trousdale (born June 8, 1960) is an American film director known for directing films such as \"Beauty and the Beast\", \"The Hunchback of Notre Dame\" and \"\". He frequently works with Kirk Wise and Don Hahn. Trousdale planned to become an architect, but decided instead to study animation at CalArts, where he studied for three years. He was hired in 1982 to design storyboards and do other animation. He then went to work designing restaurant menus and t-shirts. Trousdale was hired by Walt Disney Feature Animation in 1985 as an effects animator on \"The Black Cauldron\".", "title": "Gary Trousdale" }, { "id": "17023725", "text": "assault and harassment in Hollywood.\" The film currently has no title or release date. Ziering has three daughters and resides in Brentwood. Amy Ziering Amy Ziering (born 1962) is an American film producer and director. In 2013, she received an Academy Award nomination for Best Documentary Feature for producing \"The Invisible War\". Amy Ziering was born in 1962. She is the daughter of Sigi Ziering, a Holocaust survivor and Marilyn Ziering. She grew up in Beverly Hills, California. She graduated from Amherst College before pursuing graduate work at Yale University, where she studied with Jacques Derrida. Her first film, \"Taylor's", "title": "Amy Ziering" }, { "id": "6372276", "text": "Rawson Marshall Thurber Rawson Marshall Thurber (born February 9, 1975) is an American director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He is best known for directing the films \"\" (2004), \"We're the Millers\" (2013), \"Central Intelligence\" (2016), and \"Skyscraper\" (2018). Thurber was born in San Francisco, California on February 9, 1975. He is the son of multimillionaire attorney, real estate professional, and inspirational speaker Marshall Thurber. He was a 1997 graduate of Union College (Schenectady, New York), where he was a member of the Delta Upsilon fraternity and played wide receiver on the football team for two years. He is also a", "title": "Rawson Marshall Thurber" }, { "id": "12271111", "text": "Network, \"Rush\". Jonathan Levine Jonathan A. Levine (born June 18, 1976) is an American film director and screenwriter. He is well known for directing \"50/50\" in 2011. Jonathan A. Levine was born and raised in New York City, He attended St. Bernard's School, in Manhattan, and Phillips Academy, in Andover, Massachusetts. He received his bachelor's degree from Brown University, where he majored in Art Semiotics. He earned his Masters of Fine Arts (MFA) in Film Directing from the American Film Institute, in Los Angeles, at its AFI Conservatory. In 2006, he was nominated for a Best Independent Mini-Feature Award at", "title": "Jonathan Levine" }, { "id": "7156208", "text": "David Ayer David Ayer (born January 18, 1968) is an American film director, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for being the writer of \"Training Day\" (2001) and co-writer of \"The Fast and the Furious\" (2001), and the director of \"Harsh Times\" (2005), \"Street Kings\" (2008), \"End of Watch\" (2012), \"Sabotage\" (2014), \"Fury\" (2014), \"Suicide Squad\" (2016) and \"Bright\" (2017). Ayer was born in Champaign, Illinois, on January 18, 1968, and grew up in Bloomington, Minnesota, and Bethesda, Maryland, where he was kicked out of his house by his parents as a teenager. Ayer lived with his cousin in", "title": "David Ayer" }, { "id": "18234132", "text": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows is a 2016 American superhero film based on the fictional superhero team the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. It is the sixth film in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" film series, the second in the reboot series and a sequel to the 2014 film \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\". The film was directed by Dave Green, written by Josh Appelbaum and André Nemec and stars Megan Fox, Stephen Amell, Will Arnett, Laura Linney, Brian Tee, Brittany Ishibashi and Tyler Perry and featuring the voices of Pete", "title": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows" }, { "id": "15547929", "text": "Yoann Lemoine Yoann Lemoine (born 16 March 1983) is a French music video director, graphic designer and singer-songwriter. His most notable works include his music video direction for Katy Perry's \"Teenage Dream\", Taylor Swift's \"Back to December\", Lana Del Rey's \"Born to Die\" and Harry Styles' \"Sign of the Times\". Lemoine is also a neofolk musician, going by the stage name Woodkid. On March 28, 2011, Woodkid released his first EP \"Iron EP\", and on March 18, 2013, he released his first album titled \"The Golden Age\", which is an autobiographical record. Yoann Lemoine was born in Lyon to a", "title": "Yoann Lemoine" }, { "id": "7378738", "text": "Correll made his film directorial debut with \"Ski Patrol\". Correll has directed episodes of \"The Suite Life on Deck\", \"The Suite Life of Zack & Cody\", \"Family Matters\", \"What I Like About You\", \"That's So Raven\", \"So Little Time\", \"The Amanda Show\", \"The Hogan Family\", \"Yes, Dear\", \"Two of a Kind\", \"Fuller House\" and many other series. He is also the co-creator of the Disney Channel original series, \"Hannah Montana\". In 2010, Correll sued Disney for unfair termination and alleged non-payment of creative royalties for \"Hannah Montana\". Rich Correll Richard Thomas \"Rich\" Correll (born May 14, 1948) is an American", "title": "Rich Correll" }, { "id": "15460481", "text": "James Ponsoldt James Adam Ponsoldt (born 1978) is an American film director, actor and screenwriter, now based in Los Angeles. He directed the drama films \"Off the Black\" (2006) and \"Smashed\" (2012), the romantic comedy-drama \"The Spectacular Now\" (2013), and the dramas \"The End of the Tour\" (2015) and \"The Circle\" (2017). Ponsoldt was born in Athens, Georgia. He is the son of James F. and Susan E. Ponsoldt, and the grandson of graphic artist William Teason. His father is a retired law professor, formerly at the University of Georgia. He grew up in Athens and attended Cedar Shoals High", "title": "James Ponsoldt" }, { "id": "8856754", "text": "Stephen Herek Stephen Robert Herek (born November 10, 1958) is an American film director. Herek was born in San Antonio, Texas. He attended the University of Texas at Austin. His career as a film director took off in 1986 with the cult horror classic \"Critters\" followed by the hit comedy \"Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure\" in 1989. He then directed \"Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead\" in 1991 and became a regular director for The Walt Disney Company throughout the decade, helming \"The Mighty Ducks\" in 1992, \"The Three Musketeers\" in 1993, the highly successful live-action 1996 remake of \"101", "title": "Stephen Herek" }, { "id": "16155089", "text": "Alfonso Gomez-Rejon Alfonso Gomez-Rejon (sometimes Alfonso Gómez-Rejón) is an American film and television director. His television program credits include several episodes of \"Glee\" and several episodes of \"American Horror Story\". He was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For a Miniseries for \"\". He is most known for his second feature film \"Me and Earl and the Dying Girl\", for Indian Paintbrush. In high school, Rejon would \"borrow a friend's camera\" and \"make shorts in lieu of presenting a report in front of the class.\" He began his professional career as personal assistant to Martin Scorsese, Nora", "title": "Alfonso Gomez-Rejon" }, { "id": "18335092", "text": "voices. The song received universal acclaim. \"Billboard\" gave the song four and half stars out of five. Chris Willman Writing for \"Yahoo\" called the song \"Pretty weird, and pretty wonderful\". Katie Hasty of \"HitFlix\" gave the song an A+ writing that the song \"is damned near perfect.\" Writing for \"Vulture\", Lindsay Zoladz stated that \"Swift revealed something even more promising: the cavernous, Antonoff-produced “Out of the Woods,” which seemed to herald an exciting, unexpected, and mature new direction in Swift’s sound.\" Sam Lansky of \"Time\" praised the track stating, \"It's the furious chant of that anthemic chorus, all breathless urgency,", "title": "Out of the Woods (song)" }, { "id": "4130820", "text": "Peter Hyams Peter Hyams (born July 26, 1943) is an American film director, screenwriter and cinematographer, known for directing \"Capricorn One\", the 1981 science fiction-thriller \"Outland\", the 1984 science fiction film, \"\", a sequel to Stanley Kubrick's \"\", the 1986 action/comedy \"Running Scared\", the comic book adaptation \"Timecop\", the action film \"Sudden Death\" (both starring Jean-Claude Van Damme), and the horror films \"The Relic\" and \"End of Days\". Hyams was born in New York City, New York, the son of Ruth Hurok and Barry Hyams, who was a theatrical producer and publicist on Broadway. His maternal grandfather was Sol Hurok,", "title": "Peter Hyams" }, { "id": "15264988", "text": "Alex Hardcastle Alex Hardcastle is a British television director and producer who has worked on television shows and movies in both the UK and the United States. He is best known for his directorial work on the American comedies \"New Girl\", The Mindy Project, \"The Office\" and \"Parks and Recreation\" as well as his series \"A Young Doctor's Notebook\" starring Jon Hamm and Daniel Radcliffe. Hardcastle directed multiple episodes of the musical comedy Crazy Ex-Girlfriend for the CW, Grace & Frankie for Netflix and the comedy drama You're the Worst for FX. He directed the Warner Brothers / Paramount Network", "title": "Alex Hardcastle" }, { "id": "6276324", "text": "David Anspaugh David Anspaugh (born September 24, 1946) is an American television and film director. Anspaugh studied at Indiana University and the USC School of Cinematic Arts, after which he taught high school in Colorado. His work as an associate producer on television films led to his producing and directing \"Hill Street Blues\", for which he won two Emmy Awards. He followed this with \"St. Elsewhere\" and \"Miami Vice\" and \"Deadly Care\" before making his feature film debut with \"Hoosiers\". His additional screen credits include directing \"Fresh Horses\", \"Rudy\", \"Moonlight and Valentino\", and \"The Game of Their Lives\". In spring", "title": "David Anspaugh" }, { "id": "8668902", "text": "for Best Director. McCarthy appeared in the 2009 dramas \"The Lovely Bones\" and \"2012\". In 2010, McCarthy was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the animated film \"Up\". He also co-wrote and directed 2011's \"Win Win\" based on his experiences as a wrestler at New Providence High School. McCarthy's most recent film, the independent drama film \"Spotlight\", received widespread acclaim following its release in 2015. The film received 6 Academy Awards nominations, 3 Golden Globe Awards nominations, 2 Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations, and 8 Critics' Choice Movie Awards nominations. McCarthy directed the first two episodes", "title": "Tom McCarthy (director)" }, { "id": "7263967", "text": "a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Goddard co-wrote and made his directorial feature film debut with the horror-comedy film \"The Cabin in the Woods\" (2012). He also directed, wrote and produced the mystery thriller film \"Bad Times at the El Royale\" (2018). Goddard was born in Houston, Texas and was raised in Los Alamos, New Mexico, the son of Colleen Mary (Hogan), a teacher, and Dr. Laurence Woodbury Goddard. Goddard started his career as a staff writer for \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" and \"Angel\", receiving a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation for the former. In", "title": "Drew Goddard" }, { "id": "7263969", "text": "Film\". Goddard's directorial debut, \"The Cabin in the Woods\", was co-written with Joss Whedon. \"The Cabin in the Woods\" was featured on Metacritic's best films of 2012 list, in addition to earning a 92% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The film would go on to win the year's Saturn Award for \"Best Horror or Thriller Film\", as well as garnering Goddard Saturn's \"Filmmaker Showcase Award\". In 2013, Goddard—in addition to J. Michael Straczynski, Matthew Michael Carnahan and \"Lost\" showrunner Damon Lindelof—wrote the screenplay for the film \"World War Z\" starring Brad Pitt and directed by Marc Forster. The film grossed", "title": "Drew Goddard" }, { "id": "6674180", "text": "Justin Lin Justin Lin (, born October 11, 1971) is an American film director whose films have grossed US$2.3 billion worldwide as of March 2017. He is best known for his directorial work on \"Better Luck Tomorrow\", \"The Fast and the Furious\" movies (3-6), as well as on \"Star Trek Beyond\". He is also known for his work on television programs like \"Community\", and the second season of \"True Detective\". Justin Lin was born on October 11, 1971 in Taipei, Taiwan. He grew up in a working-class neighborhood in Cypress, California, in Orange County. He attended Cypress High School, and", "title": "Justin Lin" }, { "id": "10032556", "text": "Paul Feig Paul Samuel Feig (; born September 17, 1962) is an American actor, film director, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for directing films starring frequent collaborator Melissa McCarthy, including \"Bridesmaids\" (2011), \"The Heat\" (2013), \"Spy\" (2015), and \"Ghostbusters\" (2016). He also directed \"A Simple Favor\" (2018). Feig created the comedy series \"Freaks and Geeks\" (1999–2000) and \"Other Space\" (2015). He has also directed several episodes of the U.S version of \"The Office\", \"Arrested Development\", \"Weeds\" and \"Nurse Jackie\", as well as episodes of \"Mad Men\", \"30 Rock\", and \"Parks and Recreation\". He received nominations for two Primetime", "title": "Paul Feig" }, { "id": "12663595", "text": "McCashin, with whom he has two children: Marguerite Weisman, an editorial assistant at Harper Collins and Daniel Weisman, a music manager, who manages Capital Cities and Wale and formerly managed Mike Posner. Sam Weisman Sam Weisman (born 1947 in Binghamton, New York) is an American film director. He has directed the films \"\", \"Bye Bye Love\", \"George of the Jungle\", \"The Out-of-Towners\", \"What's the Worst That Could Happen?\", and \"\". Weisman is a 1973 graduate of Brandeis University's MFA program in Acting and Directing. He earned a BA in Music History from Yale University, where he was a member of", "title": "Sam Weisman" }, { "id": "13400626", "text": "Jon M. Chu Jonathan Murray Chu (; born November 2, 1979) is an American filmmaker who directed the films \"\", \"Step Up 3D\", \"\", Hasbro franchises \"Jem and the Holograms\" and \"\" and \"Crazy Rich Asians\". Chu is an alumnus of the University of Southern California School of Cinema-Television. There, he won the Princess Grace Award, the Dore Schary Award presented by the Anti-Defamation League, the Jack Nicholson directing award, and was recognized as an honoree for the IFP/West program Project: Involve. Chu was born in Palo Alto, California and grew up in nearby Los Altos. His mother, Ruth Chu", "title": "Jon M. Chu" } ]	who directed taylor swift out of the woods
[ "Collingwood Football Club" ]	[ { "id": "11320911", "text": "1964 VFL Grand Final The 1964 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and Melbourne Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 19 September 1964. It was the 68th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1964 VFL season. The match, attended by 102,471 spectators, was won by Melbourne by a margin of 4 points, marking that club's 12th (and to date, most recent) premiership victory. Melbourne were competing in the finals for the 11th consecutive season. They were also", "title": "1964 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11320915", "text": "and he had only been forward because he'd followed his opponent upfield. In the final minutes, Collingwood had the ball in their forward line. Collingwood's Ian Graham had a chance to goal with a difficult snap from the boundary but missed. Melbourne held on against intense pressure from Collingwood until the siren sounded leaving Melbourne winners by 4 points. Umpire - Ron Brophy Melbourne: Collingwood: 1964 VFL Grand Final The 1964 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and Melbourne Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 19", "title": "1964 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "14506518", "text": "Storm won the Grand Final against the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs by 14–4; the Storm then defeated Leeds to win the 2013 World Club Challenge. They then won another minor premiership in 2016 and lost to the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in that year's Grand Final. In 2017 they again finished on top of the ladder, but this time went onto to win its third legitimate premiership, defeating the North Queensland Cowboys by 34–6 in the Grand Final. Also in 2017, Melbourne held a gala dinner for the 10 year reunion of the 2007 premiership side who were stripped of the title. Coach Craig", "title": "Melbourne Storm salary cap breach" }, { "id": "957502", "text": "first game. These two were to take Melbourne to new heights in the coming years. The Demons made the Grand Final in 1954, losing to Footscray, won the flag in 1955, 1956 and 1957, lost to Collingwood in 1958, and then won again in 1959 and 1960 with Smith as coach and Barassi as captain. 1964 Melbourne won its 12th flag, defeating Collingwood, at the end of the season, Barassi left the club to become captain-coach of Carlton. The following season Norm Smith was sacked after a dispute with the club. Although he was soon reinstated, things were never the", "title": "Melbourne Football Club" }, { "id": "15862115", "text": "Melbourne and Adelaide respectively), was won by the South Australian team on penalty kicks. The 1963 season saw four Tasmania teams taking part, with the big Sydney and Melbourne clubs entering the tournament in the second round. The final was contested by two Melbourne clubs, with Port Melbourne Slavia beating Polonia Melbourne 3–2 in a replay, after a scoreless draw. In the final, Des Palmer scored a hat-trick for the winners. Melbourne’s George Cross went on to win in 1964 after downing APIA Leichhardt from Sydney by three goals to two in front of a 15,000 crowd at Olympic Park", "title": "Australia Cup" }, { "id": "3173047", "text": "16–14, scoring in the last minute of their semi-final. Cameron Smith was suspended for two matches for a grapple tackle on Brisbane's Sam Thaiday in the match, seeing him miss the rest of the finals, and Craig Bellamy was fined $50,000 for making scathing remarks against the judiciary's decision. Melbourne convincingly beat the Cronulla Sharks 28–0 to qualify for the Grand Final, but suffered the heaviest Grand Final defeat in league history, beaten 40–0 by Manly. Greg Inglis, Billy Slater, Cameron Smith and Israel Folau all won awards at the Dally M Awards, and Slater and Smith finished equal second", "title": "Melbourne Storm" }, { "id": "13485833", "text": "1959 VFL Grand Final The 1959 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 20 September 1959. It was the 63rd annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1959 VFL season. The match, attended by 103,506 spectators, was won by Melbourne by 37 points, marking that club's tenth premiership victory. This was Melbourne's sixth successive Grand Final appearance. It was the second time in three years in which the two teams met in a", "title": "1959 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11320914", "text": "the restart Melbourne's Barry Bourke kicked the ball into their 50 and it was marked by rover Hassa Mann. He was directly in front and only 20 metres out but his shot for goal came off the side of his boot and he could only manage a behind. Melbourne had another chance to win the game however when they kicked the ball towards the goalsquare. A big pack of players went for the ball but it spilled to the ground where Melbourne defender Neil Crompton gathered the ball and kicked a goal. It was his only goal of the season", "title": "1964 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11320912", "text": "playing in their eighth Grand Final in 11 seasons and fighting for their sixth Premiership in that time. With Melbourne leading by 11 points at the final break the match is remembered for its thrilling last quarter. In the early stages Melbourne had plenty of opportunities to kick goals but could only manage behinds and it was Collingwood's Des Tuddenham who kicked the first goal of the term. 17 minutes into the quarter Collingwood trailed by 9 points but were within a kick when Ray Gabelich kicked goal from a boundary throw in. Gabelich kicked another to put them in", "title": "1964 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "13485835", "text": "1960 VFL Grand Final The 1960 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 24 September 1960 in extremely wet conditions due to persistent rain during the previous week. It was the 64th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1960 VFL season. The match, attended despite the conditions by 97,457 spectators, was won by Melbourne by a margin of 48 points, marking that club's 11th premiership victory. Collingwood’s score stands as", "title": "1960 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "8862503", "text": "the amended \"\"Argus\" system\". All of the 1918 finals were played at the MCG so the home team in the Semi Finals and Preliminary Final is purely the higher ranked team from the ladder but in the Grand Final the home team was the team that won the Preliminary Final. South Melbourne defeated Collingwood 9.8 (62) to 7.15 (57), in front of a crowd of 39,168 people. (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football). 1918 VFL season The 1918 Victorian Football League season was the 22nd season of the elite Australian rules football competition. In 1918, the VFL", "title": "1918 VFL season" }, { "id": "13485837", "text": "1954 VFL Grand Final and 1958 VFL Grand Final. 1960 VFL Grand Final The 1960 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 24 September 1960 in extremely wet conditions due to persistent rain during the previous week. It was the 64th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1960 VFL season. The match, attended despite the conditions by 97,457 spectators, was won by Melbourne by a margin of 48 points, marking", "title": "1960 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "13485834", "text": "Grand Final, with Melbourne also having won the 1957 VFL Grand Final. 1959 VFL Grand Final The 1959 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 20 September 1959. It was the 63rd annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1959 VFL season. The match, attended by 103,506 spectators, was won by Melbourne by 37 points, marking that club's tenth premiership victory. This was Melbourne's sixth successive Grand Final appearance. It was the second", "title": "1959 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11084466", "text": "Neil Crompton (footballer) Colin Neil Crompton (16 August 1937 – 11 December 2003) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Crompton usually played in the back pocket and thus did not kick many goals however it is for a goal he kicked in Melbourne's 1964 Grand Final win over Collingwood that he is most remembered for. With Melbourne trailing and just minutes remaining in the game, Crompton had followed his Collingwood opponent up the ground and managed to pick up a loose ball in front of goal. He kicked the ball low", "title": "Neil Crompton (footballer)" }, { "id": "3374643", "text": "late in the second half when winger Ron Roberts crossed in the corner to seal the win. At the end of the game the crowd of over 47,000 jumped the fence and invaded the field and congregated in front of the Members Stand cheering and calling for Aussie captain Clive Churchill. The 1963 NSWRFL Grand Final was won by the St. George Dragons 8–3 in front of 69,860 fans in atrocious conditions. It was the Dragons eighth consecutive premiership and their third consecutive grand final win against the Western Suburbs Magpies. The match's only try, scored by Dragons winger Johnny", "title": "Sydney Cricket Ground" }, { "id": "3173054", "text": "in second place on the table. Storm began their finals campaign with a 24–6 win over South Sydney Rabbitohs. Storm played its fifth Preliminary Final in six years, this time defeating Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles 40–12 at AAMI Park. Following this they went on to claim their second official Premiership defeating the Canterbury Bulldogs 14 – 4 in the Grand Final. The Storm began its 2013 season when they defeated Leeds Rhinos 18–14 in the World Club Challenge, to be crowned World Champions for 2013. In round 5, they won their 5th consecutive game for the season and their 13th consecutive", "title": "Melbourne Storm" }, { "id": "13485853", "text": "1955 VFL Grand Final The 1955 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 17 September 1955. It was the 59th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1955 VFL season. The match, attended by 88,053 spectators, was won by Melbourne by 28 points, marking that club's seventh premiership victory. A scene from the game is captured in Jamie Cooper's painting \"The Game That Made Australia\", commissioned by the AFL in 2008 to celebrate", "title": "1955 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "13863274", "text": "1918 VFL Grand Final The 1918 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the South Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 7 September 1918. It was the 22nd annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1918 VFL season. The match, attended by 39,262 spectators, was won by South Melbourne by a margin of 5 points, marking that club's second premiership victory. This season was played under the amended \"Argus\" system. South Melbourne was the minor premier, and Collingwood", "title": "1918 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "15280434", "text": "sacked during the 1965 season. Melbourne would not return to the finals for twenty-five years, and (as of 2017) has not yet won another premiership. St Kilda, which had never won a VFL or VFA premiership in more 93 years of competition, won its first and, to date, only premiership, in a famous grand final victory against Collingwood by one point in 1966. With the number of players recruited from country leagues increasing, the wealthier clubs were gaining an advantage that metropolitan zoning and the Coulter law (salary cap) restricting player payments had prevented in the past. Country zoning was", "title": "History of the Australian Football League" }, { "id": "13098993", "text": "1967 as part of the Australian Football World Tour, where he represented the VFL. Herb Matthews Jr. Herb Matthews Jr. (born 10 May 1943) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s. Matthews, the son of Brownlow Medal winner Herbie, started his career at Melbourne, a club he had been with from under-age level. He left Melbourne midway into the 1964 season, a decision which may have cost him a premiership as the Demons went on to win that year's Grand Final. Instead he spent the", "title": "Herb Matthews Jr." }, { "id": "17875488", "text": "the major semi-final first leg against bitter rival Adelaide United at Hindmarsh Stadium, a game which was won courtesy of goals from Carlos Hernández and Danny Allsopp. In the second leg Melbourne defeated Adelaide United 4–0 with goals from Archie Thompson, Hernandez, Allsopp and Tom Pondeljak, granting Melbourne passage to the Grand Final on a 6–0 aggregate. Adelaide then defeated Queensland Roar to set up a rematch with Melbourne in the Grand Final, which the Victory won 1–0 with Tom Pondeljak scoring in the 59th minute to regain the A-League Championship and becoming the first A-League team to win their", "title": "History of Melbourne Victory FC" }, { "id": "13098992", "text": "Herb Matthews Jr. Herb Matthews Jr. (born 10 May 1943) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s. Matthews, the son of Brownlow Medal winner Herbie, started his career at Melbourne, a club he had been with from under-age level. He left Melbourne midway into the 1964 season, a decision which may have cost him a premiership as the Demons went on to win that year's Grand Final. Instead he spent the next six years at South Melbourne, as a defender. He travelled to Ireland in", "title": "Herb Matthews Jr." }, { "id": "10101690", "text": "season had finished, the 1948 VFL \"Premiers\" were determined by the specific format and conventions of the Page-McIntyre System. The 1948 Grand Final between Melbourne and Essendon, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 2 October 1948, was a drawn match: Melbourne 10.9 (69) to Essendon 7.27 (69). The crowd was 85,815. The two teams played again a week later. (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football). Melbourne defeated Essendon 13.11 (89) to Essendon 7.8 (50), in the Grand Final Replay that was held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 9 October 1948, in front of 52,226 people.", "title": "1948 VFL season" }, { "id": "16086971", "text": "when the 1963–64 Wolverines hosted the 1963–64 Blue Devils at the Yost Fieldhouse, while winning 83–67. Duke starting center Jay Buckley had been described in the press as the weak link in the loss, earning the nickname \"Link\" from his teammates. That Duke team avenged the game later in the season in the 1964 NCAA Final Four with a 91–80 victory. Buckley contributed 25 points and 14 rebounds against 19 points and 9 rebounds from Bill Buntin. After the tournament defeat, the 1964–65 Wolverines came back with double-doubles from Russell, Buntin and Oliver Darden to defeat the 1964–65 Blue Devils", "title": "Duke–Michigan men's basketball rivalry" }, { "id": "19935702", "text": "a grand final without losing a finals match. Melbourne and North Queensland have previously played each other in a finals series on three occasions. Their first meeting was in 2005 at, the then named, Aussie Stadium where the Cowboys defeated the Storm 24-16 in the Semi Final. Their second was in 2015, when the Cowboys defeated the Storm 32–12 at Melbourne's AAMI Park to qualify for the Grand Final. Their third meeting was in the 2016 Qualifying Final, when the Storm defeated the Cowboys 16-10 at AAMI Park; the Storm would earn a week off and finish runners-up that season.", "title": "2017 NRL Grand Final" }, { "id": "13788471", "text": "more winning the Division 1 title in 1964, they lost only one match that season. SC Croatia clinched the 1964 title on the final day against Preston Makedonia. In the lead-up to the pivotal game the team manager Frank Burin travelled to Sydney and arranged for six players from Sydney Croatia to play in the one-off match. Unfortunately the clearance for the players failed to come through on time, though in the end it would not matter in the final outcome. SC Croatia and Makedonia went into the match on equal points, in the thrilling match SC Croatia came out", "title": "History of Melbourne Knights FC" }, { "id": "13485849", "text": "1956 VFL Grand Final The 1956 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 15 September 1956. It was the 60th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1956 VFL season. The match was won by Melbourne by 73 points, marking that club's eighth premiership victory. It was the second successive year in which the two teams met in a premiership decider, with Melbourne having won the 1955 VFL Grand Final. The Grand Final", "title": "1956 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "13485854", "text": "the 150th anniversary of the sport. 1955 VFL Grand Final The 1955 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 17 September 1955. It was the 59th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1955 VFL season. The match, attended by 88,053 spectators, was won by Melbourne by 28 points, marking that club's seventh premiership victory. A scene from the game is captured in Jamie Cooper's painting \"The Game That Made Australia\", commissioned by", "title": "1955 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "12236947", "text": "the end courtesy of a dominant third quarter in which they kicked six goals to just one by Footscray. The Bulldogs did not appear in another Grand Final until 2016, which they won. The 1961 Grand Final is the oldest currently available on DVD. Videos of the 1962, 1963 and 1964 Grand Finals have not yet surfaced. It is also the first Grand Final in VFL/AFL history that did not include any of the original eight clubs that formed the VFL in 1897 (Carlton, Collingwood, Essendon, Fitzroy, Geelong, Melbourne, St. Kilda, South Melbourne). Umpire: Frank Schwab 1961 VFL Grand Final", "title": "1961 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "12657458", "text": "1957 VFL Grand Final The 1957 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 21 September 1957. It was the 61st annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1957 VFL season. The match, attended by 100,324 spectators, was won by Melbourne by 61 points, marking that club's ninth premiership victory. This was Melbourne's fourth successive Grand Final appearance and third successive premiership. Ron Barassi starred for the Demons with five goals, four of them", "title": "1957 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11320913", "text": "front soon afterwards, a goal that is now regarded as one of the most famous in grand final history. He had received the ball near centre half forward and due to Melbourne having spent the previous minutes in their own forwardline and Collingwood moving the ball upfield quickly, there were no defenders ahead of Gabelich. A 109 kg ruckman, Gabelich ran towards the goal, bounced the ball four times, nearly losing it on each occasion, and with Melbourne players gaining on him put it through the big sticks. Collingwood were now 3 points up and time on was nearing. After", "title": "1964 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "10084397", "text": "the 18 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1926 VFL \"Premiers\" were determined by the specific format and conventions of the amended \"\"Argus\" system\". All of the 1926 finals were played at the MCG so the home team in the Semi Finals and Preliminary Final is purely the higher ranked team from the ladder but in the Grand Final the home team was the team that won the Preliminary Final. Melbourne defeated Collingwood 17.17 (119) to 9.8 (62), in front of a crowd of 59,362 people. (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football). 1926 VFL season The 1926", "title": "1926 VFL season" }, { "id": "11457966", "text": "12, 1919 match against St. Kilda where South scored 17.4 (106) in the last quarter. Bob Pratt kicked three goals for South Melbourne which saw him overtake Gordon Coventry as the 1933 season’s leading goalkicker. South Melbourne’s premiership side was often referred to as the “foreign legion” due to the high number of players in the team who had been recruited from interstate. The majority of their recruits around that time came from Western Australia which earned South Melbourne the nickname “Swans”. This was the first of two successive years in which these teams met in the premiership decider. In", "title": "1933 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "132779", "text": "to Carlton by a single point despite managing 30 scoring shots to 21. As if to prove that lightning does occasionally strike twice, the second of the 'ones that got away' came just a year later, the Dons finishing with a lamentable 7.27, to tie with Melbourne (who managed 10.9) in the 1948 grand final. A week later Essendon waved the premiership good-bye, as Melbourne raced to a 13.11 (89) to 7.8 (50) triumph. The club's Annual Report made an assessment that was at once restrained and, as was soon to emerge, tacitly and uncannily prophetic: It is very apparent", "title": "Essendon Football Club" }, { "id": "3484492", "text": "later those of Graeme Langlands, Billy Smith and Johnny King. 1963 was a particularly notable year for the club. A new Leagues Club was opened on the Princes Highway at Carlton, and would become the hub of social life in the district and dubbed \"the Taj Mahal\". On the afternoon of 24 August 1963 Saints won the Grand Final in all three grades (First Grade 8–3 v Wests; Reserves 3-2 v Souths; 3rd Grade 12–2 v Canterbury) – this feat has not been achieved since. That same day saw the creation of an iconic image when Sydney Morning Herald photographer", "title": "St. George Dragons" }, { "id": "11075670", "text": "Steven O'Dwyer Steven O'Dwyer (born 19 January 1966) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne in the VFL/AFL. A redheaded lanky ruckman, O'Dwyer won the 1988 Keith 'Bluey' Truscott Medal for Melbourne's best and fairest player, helping the club reach their first Grand Final since 1964. However, he missed the decider after being suspended for striking Carlton's Steven Da Rui in the Preliminary Final. O'Dwyer was traded to Richmond for a draft pick (Darren Kowal) at the end of the 1991 season. Injuries forced O'Dwyer into retirement a year later only managing five games with the Tigers.", "title": "Steven O'Dwyer" }, { "id": "4234242", "text": "to win the title. The club powered past local rivals Heidelberg United in the Southern Division play-offs, and edged out Sydney Olympic in the Grand Final to win the 1984 national championship. After the departure of George Campbell to rivals Preston Makedonia in 1983/84, Branko Buljevic to Footscray Just in 1985 and others, South Melbourne could not repeat the success of the previous year. Despite finishing in first place, it was knocked out of the finals series by local rivals Brunswick Juventus and Preston. A major overhaul by coach Brian Garvey saw a number of new signings being made, including", "title": "South Melbourne FC" }, { "id": "957503", "text": "same again for the Demons. The club appeared in Grand Finals from 1954–1960 and every Finals' Series from 1954–1964. After the 1954 Grand Final loss to Footscray, no team was able to score 100 points against the club until Collingwood in round 5 1963. The next team was Geelong with 110 in round 1 1964. The 1965 season started with eight wins but only two wins from the next 10 games saw the end of the era. They would have to wait until 1987 for Melbourne to make the finals again. Poor recruiting zones and management meant that Melbourne, under", "title": "Melbourne Football Club" }, { "id": "11323707", "text": "in 1973. Growing up, he attended Northcote High School, in Melbourne. He was also a maths teacher at Melbourne Grammar School. Ken Emselle Ken Emselle (born 17 June 1944) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s. His father Richie Emselle also played for Melbourne. A rover, Emselle was a premiership player with Melbourne in 1964, starting on the bench in the grand final. In 1969, he played mostly with the Melbourne reserves, subsequently winning the Gardiner Medal. In 1970 he joined Prahran in the Victorian Football Association (VFA)", "title": "Ken Emselle" }, { "id": "6650889", "text": "thrilling finish enabled Melbourne to win their last premiership to date by four points. Two years later, in arguably one of the most famous grand finals of them all, St Kilda won their only premiership by one point, and their players went for an impromptu lap of honour with the cup, a tradition that endures. In the 1967 grand final, Geelong and Richmond played a match of the highest standard, with the Tigers winning in the last minutes to end a long premiership drought. The next season, Carlton also ended a long run without success and set a record as", "title": "AFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11992823", "text": "1965 VFL Grand Final The 1965 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Essendon Football Club and St Kilda Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 25 September 1965. It was the 69th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1965 VFL season. The match, attended by 104,846 spectators, was won by Essendon by a margin of 35 points, marking that club's 12th premiership victory. St Kilda were minor premiers for the first time in their history and after beating Collingwood by a", "title": "1965 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "6184507", "text": "at home. Meanwhile, #2 USC lost 17–7 at Michigan State and #3 Illinois won 17–6 over Northwestern. #3 Alabama beat Tulane in a neutral site game at Mobile, 36–6. #5 Ohio State beat Indiana at home, 17–9. Previously unranked Kentucky earned a spot in the next poll after beating Auburn 20–0 in Birmingham. Two games, Duke at Tulane and Florida at LSU, were postponed until the end of the season due to the threat of Hurricane Hilda, which made landfall in Louisiana that day.<br>The top 5: 1.Texas 2.Illinois 3.Alabama 4.Ohio State 5.Kentucky. Top-ranked Texas beat Oklahoma 28–7 at Dallas on", "title": "1964 college football season" }, { "id": "18138653", "text": "A-League Championships. Melbourne Victory also became the first and only A-League club to achieve the Premiership-Championship double three times. The Grand Final was Melbourne Victory's fourth, the first being in 2007 against Adelaide United which Melbourne won 6–0, the second won again against Adelaide 1–0 in 2009, and the most recent in 2010 against Sydney FC which ended in favor of Sydney 4–2 on penalties after finishing 1–1 after extra-time. The 2015 match was Sydney FC's third following their inaugural 2006 1–0 win against Central Coast Mariners, and the 2010 match. As Grand Final winners, the champions earned a spot", "title": "2015 A-League Grand Final" }, { "id": "957506", "text": "by 190 points in round 17. Although they beat Essendon the following week In 1980, the MFC finally legally separated from the MCC, becoming a public company, in an effort to attract more members and improve the club's finances. The season produced one less win than 1979 (five) but the club finished higher – ninth. It became evident that drastic action was needed for a club that had missed 16 finals series in a row the return of former star Ron Barassi was seen as the cure. When Barassi left in 1965 it was felt that he would eventually return", "title": "Melbourne Football Club" }, { "id": "17443735", "text": "– only Sandringham and Brighton did not compete. Clubs were, however, limited in the number of former senior players they could field. The seconds premiership was won by Port Melbourne. Port Melbourne 20.16 (136) defeated Oakleigh 12.16 (88) in the Grand Final at Coburg on 23 September before a crowd of 7,000. 1944 VFA season The 1944 Victorian Football Association season was not played owing to World War II, which was at its peak at the time. It was the last of three seasons which were cancelled during World War II. World War II commenced in Europe in September 1939,", "title": "1944 VFA season" }, { "id": "3173073", "text": "time 40–10 at Etihad Stadium, catapulting the Storm to their 4th consecutive Grand Final Appearance. Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles The Storm defeated Manly 34–8 in the 2007 Grand Final but lost to in the 2008 re-match in a 0–40 loss. To add to the rivalry, Melbourne beat Manly 40–12 in the opening final of the 2009 finals series, ending their bid to be back-to-back premiers. In September 21, 2012, Storm and Manly played each other in the preliminary final for the first time. Storm again thrashed Manly 40–12, again ending their chances of winning back-to-back titles. In 2011 another major chapter", "title": "Melbourne Storm" }, { "id": "16729208", "text": "Storm's premiership victory qualified them to compete against the Super League XVII champions, Leeds Rhinos in the 2013 World Club Challenge. 2012 NRL Grand Final The 2012 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership-deciding game of the 2012 NRL season. Played on Sunday, 30 September at Sydney's ANZ Stadium between the minor premiers Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and the second-placed Melbourne Storm. Melbourne won the match 14–4 in a tight contest to claim their second premiership title after their 2007 and 2009 titles were stripped due to major salary cap breaches. This was the fourth time the Canterbury Bankstown Bulldogs and", "title": "2012 NRL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11378440", "text": "1993 AFL Grand Final The 1993 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Carlton Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 25 September 1993. It was the 97th annual grand final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1993 AFL season. The match, attended by 96,862 spectators, was won by Essendon by a margin of 44 points, marking that club's 15th premiership victory. Neither side was considered a strong premiership prospect at the beginning of the season,", "title": "1993 AFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "957501", "text": "club entered a golden age. He was the driving force behind changing the club's nickname from the Fuchsias to the Demons. In 1939, 1940 and 1941 Melbourne won its third, fourth and fifth flags. In 1946 Don Cordner became the second Demon to win the Brownlow. In 1947 Fred Fanning kicked a record 18 goals in the last game of the season. The following season Melbourne played the first ever drawn Grand Final, against Essendon, and went on to win the premiership the following week. Norm Smith became Melbourne's coach in 1952, and the following season Ron Barassi played his", "title": "Melbourne Football Club" }, { "id": "6526075", "text": "remade themselves into a more professional outfit, after many years as an amateur club. Smith was one of many talented players who adhered to Hughes' doctrine. Now renamed the Red Demons (later to become simply the Demons), Melbourne went into the 1939 finals with a team based on all-out attack, with Smith the linchpin. In the Grand Final against Collingwood, Melbourne booted a record Grand Final score and set a new record winning margin, taking only their second premiership in 39 years. Another flag was won in 1940 when Smith was the star, scoring seven goals in the Grand Final.", "title": "Norm Smith" }, { "id": "6917349", "text": "congratulated by club officials and the media. However, in the semi final rematch (from the previous year) with Collingwood, Stewart was blanketed by Colin Tully and the Saints went down by ten points. Stewart bounced back with a best afield performance the following week, guiding his team to a revenge win over Essendon and keeping alive the dream of a first flag. The 1966 Grand Final stands as one of the celebrated games of Australian football. Two evenly-matched teams went at it for 100 minutes and the forever-mythologised result – a one-point win by the least successful club over the", "title": "Ian Stewart (Australian rules footballer)" }, { "id": "13888266", "text": "33-point victory over Brighton. The previous season, and again in 1939, McKay steered Brunswick to Grand Finals but finished on the losing side on both occasions. McKay went on to coach Melbourne's Thirds in 1952 and coached the Seconds (Reserves) coach from 1956 to 1958 and again in 1962 and 1964. McKay coached the Melbourne reserves team that won the 1956 flag in front of a record crowd of 115,802 fans. The scores were: Melbourne 16.14.110 defeated South Melbourne 10.12.72. McKay has the Melbourne Football Club's Past Players’ Golf Day named in his honour - Roy McKay Trophy Golf Day.", "title": "Roy McKay (footballer)" }, { "id": "2802583", "text": "sides met again in the preliminary final where the Storm, despite missing captain Cameron Smith to suspension, smashed the Sharks 28-0 to advance to the grand final against Manly-Warringah. Melbourne Storm begun the 2012 season with 9 straight victories, before a Paul Gallen-less Sharks pipped them 12-10 thanks to a Jeremy Smith try and clutch conversion from Todd Carney. It looked like Cronulla would land two wins over the Storm that year, leading 18-10 with 90 seconds to go in the second game between the sides. The Storm somehow scored twice to win 20-18. The rivalry was reignited in late", "title": "Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks" }, { "id": "10604049", "text": "to the Melbourne Football Club in 1964 and played in that year's four-point Grand Final win over Collingwood. In 2000 he was named on the half-back flank in Melbourne's official Team of the Century. Don Williams (footballer) Don Williams (3 November 1935 – 19 October 1995) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne during the 1950s and 1960s. Williams was a half-back flanker and five time premiership player with Melbourne, including their successive triumphs in 1955, 1956 and 1957. After being dropped to the bench in the 1959 grand final he decided to leave the club and spent", "title": "Don Williams (footballer)" }, { "id": "3173048", "text": "for the Dally M Medal. Billy Slater was awarded the international player of the year Golden Boot award for 2008, following on from Cameron Smith in 2007. In the 2009 season, Melbourne finished 4th on the ladder; they defeated Manly 40–12 in the first week of the finals and Brisbane 40–10 in the preliminary finals to qualify for a fourth straight grand final (the first since Parramatta from 1981–1984). Against Parramatta, who had finished eighth in the home-and-away season but had won ten of its last eleven matches, the Storm led at one stage by 16 points, before finishing 23–16", "title": "Melbourne Storm" }, { "id": "20800573", "text": "the first qualifying final, before beating their 2016 grand final opponents the Sharks 22–6 to join the Roosters in the premiership decider. Sydney and Melbourne last played each other in the finals in 2015, where the fourth-placed Storm defeated the minor-premiership winning Roosters 20–18 in the first week of the finals. The grand final would be Billy Slater's final game before his retirement after playing 319 first grade games in the NRL, becoming the 16th player to finish their career playing over 300 games at one club. Melbourne captain Cameron Smith surpassed Darren Lockyer in becoming the most capped finals", "title": "2018 NRL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11083731", "text": "Frank Davis (Australian rules footballer) Frank Davis (born 25 August 1944) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Davis was educated at Salesian College, Chadstone. He made his debut in Melbourne's premiership winning season of 1964 and despite managing just six games he was a member of the grand final winning team in his rookie season. Davis started his career with a bang by kicking a goal with his first kick but then didn't manage another for eight years. Instead of a goal sneak he turned into a reliable defender off", "title": "Frank Davis (Australian rules footballer)" }, { "id": "17365789", "text": "1919 VFA season The 1919 Victorian Football Association season was the 41st season of the Australian rules football competition. The season was the first to be played after hostilities ended in World War I, and saw a return to a full-length season featuring all ten clubs for the first time since 1914. The premiership was won by the Footscray Football Club, after it defeated by 22 points in the Grand Final on 27 September. It was the club's sixth VFA premiership. Footscray's premiership came after minor premier North Melbourne was undefeated through the home-and-home matches – and, in fact, undefeated", "title": "1919 VFA season" }, { "id": "12012875", "text": "Australia, Victoria was the only remaining undefeated team. Therefore, it was crowned the champions without the need for a Grand Final. Victoria: Shea, Pearce, Busbridge, Luff, McGregor, Bailes, McNamara Western Australia: Gravenall, Dunne, Matson, Metherell, Orr, Truscott South Australia: Tredrea, Tierney, Le Mesurier, Gwynne, Chamberlain, Townsend Tasmania: Carter, Lee, Mahoney, Bridges, Webb, Littler, Arnold New Zealand: Darby, Elvidge, Wilkins, Wright, George New South Wales: Colley, Robertson, Rahilly, Gluyas, Maxfield Queensland: Coates, Watts, Kelly, Paget, Hicks 1908 Melbourne Carnival The 1908 Melbourne Carnival was the inaugural Australian National Football Carnival, an Australian rules football interstate competition, held in Melbourne in August", "title": "1908 Melbourne Carnival" }, { "id": "7550537", "text": "matches, culminating in a 56-point win against Williamstown in the Grand Final. It was the first perfect season in the VFA/VFL first division since 1918. The Port Melbourne Football Club team of the century was chosen in 2003, combining all the clubs greats from across its long history. The Centenary Cup was a once-off knock-out competition held during 1977, and is not counted amongst Port Melbourne's total premiership statistics. Runners-ups (21): 1902, 1923, 1925, 1928, 1929, 1945, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1965, 1967, 1987, 1993, 2002, 2004, 2008, 2012 Minor Premierships (20): 1941, 1947, 1951, 1952, 1953,", "title": "Port Melbourne Football Club" }, { "id": "6650873", "text": "VFL season, where Melbourne won the premiership after having finished sixth out of the eight teams after the home-and-away season (ahead of Carlton and St Kilda) with a record of 6-8. The new finals system caused problems in 1901 when Geelong finished on top of the ladder but was immediately eliminated when defeated in the semi final. A \"right of challenge\" was introduced, giving the team that finished on top at the end of the regular season (the \"minor premier\") the right to challenge if they lost the semi final or the final. This challenge match came to be called", "title": "AFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "12532237", "text": "1941 VFL Grand Final The 1941 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 27 September 1941. It was the 45th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1940 VFL season. The match, attended by 79,687 spectators, was won by Melbourne by a margin of 29 points, marking that club's fifth premiership victory. By claiming their third successive premiership, Melbourne joined Carlton and Collingwood as the only clubs to achieve the feat.", "title": "1941 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "13788537", "text": "Mirko Bazic was replaced by former Knights player Ian Dobson. These player losses were made up for with emerging talent in Josip Šimunić, Tom Pondeljak, Ante Kovačević and Ice Kutlesovski. The 1995/96 season was an extremely tight one, with only 6 points separating first and sixth at the conclusion of the regular season. Melbourne Knights stormed home with 6 wins from its final 7 matches to finish second, only a point behind Minor Premiers Marconi Fairfield. In the finals the Melbourne Knights defeated Marconi over 2 legs, booking a spot in their 5th Grand Final. In the Grand Final the", "title": "History of Melbourne Knights FC" }, { "id": "10088742", "text": "raced cross-field towards the Balmain line and sent a cut-out pass to Billy Smith 25 yards out from the tryline. The centre made further inroads before channeling a pass to Johnny King who sped down the left wing for 20 yards to score a diving try. Test winger Johnny King thus kept intact his grand final record with this being his fifth successive try in a decider. Eighteen-year-old Dennis Tutty stood out for the Tigers, providing reliable cover defence that stopped the Dragons on numerous occasions. For St. George, Smith and Langlands had strong games with Langlands tallying 72 points", "title": "1964 NSWRFL season" }, { "id": "10604048", "text": "Don Williams (footballer) Don Williams (3 November 1935 – 19 October 1995) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne during the 1950s and 1960s. Williams was a half-back flanker and five time premiership player with Melbourne, including their successive triumphs in 1955, 1956 and 1957. After being dropped to the bench in the 1959 grand final he decided to leave the club and spent the 1960 season with West Perth, who won the WAFL Grand Final in that year. He represented Western Australia in the Brisbane Carnival where Western Australia defeated Victoria for the first time. He returned", "title": "Don Williams (footballer)" }, { "id": "8689091", "text": "of Australia's 100 greatest players between 1908 and 2007, which was commissioned by the NRL and ARL to celebrate the code's centenary year in Australia. In 2008, the Western Suburbs Magpies celebrated their centenary by inducting six inaugural members into the club's Hall of Fame. These six included Summons. Summons is the subject of one of the most memorable sporting photographic images ever captured in Australia. The 1963 NSW Rugby League Premiership grand final between long term rivals Western Suburbs and St George was played in a torrential downpour on Saturday, 24 August. This, combined with the fact that the", "title": "Arthur Summons" }, { "id": "11705867", "text": "Peter McLean (Australian rules footballer) Peter McLean (6 May 1941 – 4 April 2009) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s. A utility player, McLean was a reserve in Melbourne's 1964 VFL Grand Final win over Collingwood which gave him the perfect end to his debut year. In 1966 he reunited with his former coach Ron Barassi at Carlton and was a member of their 1968 premiership side. It would be his final league season and he thus earned the distinction of being a premiership player in", "title": "Peter McLean (Australian rules footballer)" }, { "id": "19346773", "text": "The match was preceded by the 2016 National Youth Competition Grand Final and the 2016 NRL State Championship. Pre-match entertainment was headlined by Keith Urban and former Bon Jovi guitarist Richie Sambora with Orianthi. The match was broadcast live throughout in Australia by the Nine Network. The Melbourne Storm qualified for their sixth grand final in ten years after appearing in the 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2012 deciders, although their only recognised premiership was in 2012 after their 2007 and 2009 titles were withheld due to systemic salary cap breaches. Only coach Craig Bellamy and halfback Cooper Cronk have", "title": "2016 NRL Grand Final" }, { "id": "6184515", "text": "#6 Nebraska 10–7. Notable members of the 1964 Arkansas team include Jerry Jones, who would later become a billionaire as owner of the Dallas Cowboys of the NFL, and Jimmy Johnson, whom Jones would hire as coach of the Cowboys. #5 Michigan routed #8 Oregon State 34–7 in the Rose Bowl, while in the Sugar Bowl, #7 LSU beat unranked Syracuse 10–7 on a late field goal. A five-member committee of the Football Writers Association of America awarded Arkansas the \"Grantland Rice Trophy\" as the #1 team in a poll taken after the bowl games. The Helms Athletic Foundation, which", "title": "1964 college football season" }, { "id": "10088741", "text": "time in nine grand finals the Dragons trailed at half-time (4-2) with Balmain in the lead after penalty goals from Keith \"Golden Boots\" Barnes. The turning point of the match came five minutes into the second half. The Tigers were defending their own line with some desperate tackling when they received a relieving penalty from referee Pearce. Balmain's Bob Boland put in a big punt which at first looked like a good touch finder. To Balmain's horror, Graeme Langlands stretched and then caught the ball with his boots only an inch or two from the touchline. The champion fullback then", "title": "1964 NSWRFL season" }, { "id": "8460239", "text": "Gladiators - Provan is the subject of one of the most memorable sporting photographic images ever captured in Australia. The 1963 NSW Rugby League Premiership grand final between long term rivals Western Suburbs and St George was played in a torrential downpour on Saturday, 24 August. This, combined with the fact that the centre cricket pitch area of Sydney Cricket Ground was notoriously muddy in such conditions, ensured that the players were not only saturated but also caked in mud from head to toe. At the conclusion of the hard fought match, which was won by St George, the captains", "title": "Norm Provan" }, { "id": "17733431", "text": "1964 VFA season The 1964 Victorian Football Association season was the 83rd season of the top division of the Australian rules football competition, and the fourth season of its second division. The Division 1 premiership was won by the Port Melbourne Football Club, after it defeated Williamstown in the Grand Final on 26 September by 36 points; it was Port Melbourne's 8th VFA premiership. The Division 2 premiership was won by Geelong West, in only its second season in the VFA. Less than a month before the 1964 season, the defending Division 1 premier club, Moorabbin, was suspended from the", "title": "1964 VFA season" }, { "id": "6184518", "text": "Press (writers) final poll<br> Published on November 25 Denotes team played a game after AP poll, hence record differs in UPI poll United Press International (coaches) final poll<br> Published on December 3 The postseason consisted of four bowls as regional finals, played on December 12. In the NAIA championship game, the Cobbers of Minnesota's Concordia College and the Bearkats of Sam Houston State University played to a 7–7 tie. 1964 college football season The NCAA was without a playoff for the major college football teams in the University Division, later known as Division I-A, during the 20th century. The NCAA", "title": "1964 college football season" }, { "id": "10426359", "text": "Melbourne Storm faced off in a minor premiership showdown in which the Melbourne Storm won 26-6 in AAMI Park. They went on to defeat the Raiders in the Week 1 qualifying final 16-14 and earning the week off. Advancing to the Preliminary final, they defeated defending premiers North Queensland Cowboys 32-20 at the Sydney Football Stadium. They would face and defeat the Melbourne Storm in the 2016 NRL Grand Final. The Sharks, after leading 8-0 at half-time, prevailed in a gripping affair 14-12 to claim their first premiership in the club's 50-year history. Sharks second rower Luke Lewis was awarded", "title": "History of the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks" }, { "id": "11992824", "text": "point in the Semi Final found themselves competing in just their second ever Grand Final and first since 1913, which they lost to Fitzroy. Essendon on the other hand last won a Premiership three years previously. The Bombers set up their win in the third quarter, scoring five goals to just one by the Saints. Ted Fordham kicked seven goals for Essendon. 1965 VFL Grand Final The 1965 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Essendon Football Club and St Kilda Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 25 September 1965.", "title": "1965 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "5896069", "text": "a better win-loss record than Melbourne: the match was organized by the VFA to resolve a dispute between the two clubs. In 1897, when eight teams broke away from the VFA to form the VFL, the concept of finals football was high on the agenda, with teams buoyed by the success and attendances of the 1896 Grand Final. Over the following ten years, all top-level Australian football leagues adopted a finals structure. In 1931 the VFL adopted a system, the Page–McIntyre system, which ensured a grand final, and the concept became entrenched. The New South Wales Rugby Football League (NSWRFL)", "title": "Grand final" }, { "id": "13892811", "text": "Melbourne made the 1967 Grand Final, but could not overcome Dandenong, coached by ex-St Kilda footballer Alan Morrow. The match, regarded as one of the controversial and violent grand finals in history, almost ended in the second quarter when Buckley threatened to lead his team-mates off the field in protest against the umpiring. He was also the captain-coach of Port Melbourne in the 1968 season; Port Melbourne finished fifth. In all he played 49 games for Port Melbourne, kicked 8 goals, and finished third in the club's best an fairest in 1967. In 1978 and 1979 he assisted Bryan Quirk", "title": "Brian Buckley (footballer, born 1935)" }, { "id": "15906609", "text": "system previously used by the ARL in the 1990s. The 2012 Premiership was won by the Melbourne Storm, officially the club's second following the removal of their 2007 and 2009 premierships, among other titles, due to salary cap breaches exposed in April 2010. They defeated minor premiers the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs 14-4 in the Grand Final, which was held on Sunday 30 September at ANZ Stadium in Sydney. Halfway through the 2012 season, the NRL's Chief Executive Officer David Gallop stood down from his role after just over a decade in the role. Records Set on 2012 For details on the", "title": "2012 NRL season" }, { "id": "10088740", "text": "1964 NSWRFL season The 1964 NSWRFL season was the fifty-seventh season of Sydney's professional rugby league football competition, the New South Wales Rugby Football League Premiership, Australia's first. Ten clubs from across the city competed for the J J Giltinan Shield and the WD & HO Wills Cup during the season, which culminated in a grand final between St. George and Balmain. St George captain-coach Norm Provan was matching up against his younger brother (& former Dragon) Peter, who had moved to the Tigers in 1961. The Tigers defence was strong throughout a dour first half and for the first", "title": "1964 NSWRFL season" }, { "id": "12556175", "text": "1964 Australian Grand Prix The 1964 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Sandown Park circuit in suburban Melbourne, Victoria, Australia on 9 February 1964. It was the twenty ninth Australian Grand Prix and was also Round 5 of the 1964 Tasman Series and Round 1 of the 1964 Australian Drivers' Championship. The race was open to Racing Cars complying with the Australian National Formula or the Australian 1½ Litre Formula. Defending winner Jack Brabham won the race driving a Repco Brabham. It was his third and final Australian Grand Prix victory. Results as follows: A \"science-fiction\"", "title": "1964 Australian Grand Prix" }, { "id": "13476238", "text": "percentage, as both clubs had finished the home and away season with 13 wins and a draw. Geelong's premiership win was their last until 2007. Umpire - Jeff Crouch 1963 VFL Grand Final The 1963 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Geelong Football Club and Hawthorn Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 5 October 1963. It was the 67th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1963 VFL season. The match, attended by 101,209 spectators, was won by Geelong by a", "title": "1963 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "10167757", "text": "1966 NSWRFL season 1966's New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership was the 59th season of the rugby league competition based in Sydney. Ten clubs from across the city competed for the J J Giltinan Shield and the WD & HO Wills Cup during the season, which culminated in a replay of the 1964 grand final between St. George and Balmain. 1966 was the last season played under the unlimited tackle rule. Balmain, with their talented raw rookie recruit Arthur Beetson, appeared to be about to topple the Dragons from their long-held perch when the Tigers won eleven consecutive regular", "title": "1966 NSWRFL season" }, { "id": "15727854", "text": "appeared as one of South Melbourne's followers in the 1907 Grand Final, which ended in a Carlton victory. He appeared in all possible 21 games for South Melbourne in 1909, including their grand final win, when they reversed the result from two years earlier and defeated Carlton. From 1912, until the war, Kerr played for Prahran. Alex Kerr (footballer) Alexander Kerr (13 November 1880 – 1 February 1965) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Kerr, known by his nickname of \"Bubs\", was a rover, recruited from Metropolitan Junior Football Association", "title": "Alex Kerr (footballer)" }, { "id": "14959059", "text": "David Norman (Australian footballer) David Norman (born 1 April 1942) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s. Norman starred for North Ballarat in the 1960 BFL season and won the league's \"Best and Fairest\" award, known as the Henderson Medal. The following season he joined Collingwood where he would spend six seasons as a rover and small forward. Known for his strength and courage, Norman appeared as a half forward flanker in the 1964 VFL Grand Final but ended up on the losing team. He kicked a career", "title": "David Norman (Australian footballer)" }, { "id": "4004149", "text": "years of Reynolds' approach, that is not astonishing), Coleman surprised many by leading the Bombers to the premiership in 1962. The team performed brilliantly, losing only two games for the year and crushing Carlton in the Grand Final. During his playing days Coleman had developed a special loathing for umpires and they were often the target of his venomous tongue as a coach. Essendon suffered a premiership hangover and finished fifth in the 1963. They were subsequently eliminated in the first semi-final of the 1964. Another flag followed in the 1965, when Essendon achieved the rare feat of winning from", "title": "John Coleman (Australian footballer)" }, { "id": "13338560", "text": "(16) in the Reserve Grade preliminary final. He also played in the St Kilda Reserves team (with two of his Caulfield Grammar classmates, Graeme Vorrath and John Dowling) that lost the Grand Final against Geelong, 13.12 (90) to 7.11 (53), on Saturday, 5 October 1963, in front of a crowd of 101,452 spectators at the MCG. He made his senior league debut for St Kilda, playing at full back (in place of the injured Verdun Howell), on Saturday, 18 July 1964 (round 13), in a five-point loss to Footscray at the Western Oval, 10.10 (70) to 11.9 (75), in which", "title": "Geoff Grover" }, { "id": "10095302", "text": "season had finished, the 1964 VFL \"Premiers\" were determined by the specific format and conventions of the Page-McIntyre System. The night series were held under the floodlights at Lake Oval, South Melbourne, for the teams (5th to 12th on ladder) out of the finals at the end of the season. Final: Footscray 11.12 (78) defeated St Kilda 11.7 (73). 1964 VFL season The 1964 Victorian Football League season was the 68th season of the elite Australian rules football competition. In 1964, the VFL competition consisted of twelve teams of 18 on-the-field players each, plus two substitute players, known as the", "title": "1964 VFL season" }, { "id": "11321725", "text": "silver in honour of the centenary grand final. Sydney were playing in a Grand Final for the first time since relocating from South Melbourne. It was the Swans' first appearance in a premiership decider since losing the 1945 VFL Grand Final, while it was North Melbourne's first since losing the 1978 VFL Grand Final. At the conclusion of the home and away season, Sydney had finished first on the AFL ladder with 16 wins and 5 losses and one draw, winning the McClelland Trophy. North Melbourne had finished second with 16 wins and 6 losses. The lead-up to the game", "title": "1996 AFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11457967", "text": "the 1934 VFL Grand Final it was Richmond which emerged victorious. South Melbourne did not win another premiership for 72 years, eventually winning the 2005 AFL Grand Final — as the \"Sydney Swans\" — having relocating to Sydney in 1982. South Melbourne: Richmond: 1933 VFL Grand Final The 1933 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Richmond Football Club and South Melbourne Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 30 September 1933. It was the 37th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the", "title": "1933 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "12556176", "text": "version of the 1964 Australian Grand Prix was depicted five years before it took place in the American film \"On the Beach\" (1959), based on the Nevil Shute novel of the same name. 1964 Australian Grand Prix The 1964 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Sandown Park circuit in suburban Melbourne, Victoria, Australia on 9 February 1964. It was the twenty ninth Australian Grand Prix and was also Round 5 of the 1964 Tasman Series and Round 1 of the 1964 Australian Drivers' Championship. The race was open to Racing Cars complying with the Australian National", "title": "1964 Australian Grand Prix" }, { "id": "13825253", "text": "that club's sixth premiership victory. The two teams would not meet again in a Grand Final until 1957, with Melbourne winning by 61 points. Melbourne sprung a series of surprise selections during the 1948 finals series. After spending most of the season as playing coach of the reserves team, veteran forward Jack Mueller was recalled for the preliminary final against and kicked eight goals. However, centre half-back Alan McGowan was reported during the match and subsequently suspended. Ruckman Denis Cordner would take his place for the Grand Final. Umpire - Jack McMurray Melbourne Essendon 1948 VFL Grand Final The 1948", "title": "1948 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11705868", "text": "his first and last season, in both cases as a reserve. Peter McLean (Australian rules footballer) Peter McLean (6 May 1941 – 4 April 2009) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s. A utility player, McLean was a reserve in Melbourne's 1964 VFL Grand Final win over Collingwood which gave him the perfect end to his debut year. In 1966 he reunited with his former coach Ron Barassi at Carlton and was a member of their 1968 premiership side. It would be his final league season and", "title": "Peter McLean (Australian rules footballer)" }, { "id": "10305484", "text": "Ian Cooper (Australian footballer, born 1946) Ian Charles Cooper (born 2 April 1946) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for St Kilda in the Victorian Football League during the 1960s. In a retrospective poll by a team of experts, Cooper was voted best afield in the 1966 VFL Grand Final, which St Kilda won. It was St Kilda's first and (as of 2014) only VFL/AFL premiership by a margin of one point over Collingwood. Cooper's VFL career was cut short by rheumatic fever. In 1970 and 1971, Cooper played for Swan Districts in the West Australian National Football", "title": "Ian Cooper (Australian footballer, born 1946)" }, { "id": "18783209", "text": "fan favourite, Catley created history when she was voted as the first female to appear on the cover of the video game FIFA 16. The club created history in its inaugural 2015–16 season, winning all 12 of its regular season games to become Premiers (regular-season winners) and becoming Champions by winning the 2016 W-League Grand Final, completing a perfect season. In the following season, City suffered a six-match winless run during the middle part of the season before storming back into the finals series and claiming a second successive championship in the 2017 Grand Final. This achievement meant the club", "title": "Melbourne City FC (W-League)" }, { "id": "6184508", "text": "October 10. Visiting #4 Ohio State shut out #2 Illinois 26–0 in the Big Ten, and #3 Alabama beat North Carolina State 21-0. #5 Kentucky, previously 3–0, was beaten 48–6 by Florida State, the start of a four-game losing streak en route to a 5–5 season. Two road wins moved teams into the top five: #6 Notre Dame won 34–7 at Air Force and #8 Michigan won 17–10 at Michigan State.<br>The top 5 were 1.Texas 2.Ohio State 3.Alabama 4.Notre Dame 5.Michigan. On October 17, #8 Arkansas beat #1 Texas at Austin, 14–13, stopping a late two-point conversion attempt. #2 Ohio", "title": "1964 college football season" }, { "id": "3374650", "text": "Britain was selected that night and, but for his injury, Sattler would have been picked as captain. The Cricket Ground hosted what many consider to be the toughest grand final of all in 1973 when defending premiers Manly-Warringah faced the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, who were playing in their first ever grand final after joining the competition in 1967. The Sharks were Captain-coached by Great Britain halfback Tommy Bishop and had a forward pack led by his tough St. Helens and GB teammate Cliff Watson and 1973 Rothmans Medallist Ken Maddison, along with goal kicking 18-year-old whiz-kid centre Steve Rogers. Manly were", "title": "Sydney Cricket Ground" }, { "id": "19935700", "text": "8th position, and the first club to qualify from 8th under the current final eight system that was implemented in 2012. Claiming their third minor premiership, the Melbourne Storm finished the regular season on 44 competition points, six points clear of the second placed Sydney Roosters in losing only 4 games from 24 matches. Their points differential of +297 was their highest amount since 2008. With a two-game home ground advantage, they defeated the fourth-placed Parramatta Eels 18–16 to earn a week off and a place in the grand final qualifier, where they would beat the Brisbane Broncos 30–0 to", "title": "2017 NRL Grand Final" }, { "id": "19935711", "text": "his sheer pace and vision. By winning the Grand Final, the Melbourne Storm qualified for the 2018 World Club Challenge against the Super League XXII champions Leeds Rhinos. The match would be staged in Australia for only the fourth time, where the Storm defeated the Rhinos 38–4. American rapper Macklemore was booked to perform four songs, accompanied by singers Eric Nally and Mary Lambert, including \"Same Love\". The song topped the Australian charts in 2013, and was regarded as an anthem for same-sex marriage advocates during the campaign in Macklemore's home state of Washington. In the days leading up to", "title": "2017 NRL Grand Final" }, { "id": "11313410", "text": "1966 VFL Grand Final The 1966 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and St Kilda Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 24 September 1966. It was the 70th annual grand final of the Victorian Football League (VFL), staged to determine the premiers for the 1966 VFL season. The match, attended by 102,055 spectators, was won by St Kilda by a margin of one point, marking that club's first and only premiership victory to date. Twenty-five minutes into the final quarter and with scores level, Collingwood's Wayne", "title": "1966 VFL Grand Final" }, { "id": "6184509", "text": "State beat the USC Trojans in Columbus, 17–0. #3 Alabama and #4 Notre Dame remained unbeaten, defeating Tennessee (19–8) and UCLA (24–0) respectively. #5 Michigan lost to Purdue 21–20. Ohio State was the new #1. #6 Nebraska, which had beaten Kansas State 47–0 (and outscored its opponents 171–34 in five wins), took over fifth place.<br>The rankings were 1.Ohio State 2.Notre Dame 3.Alabama 4.Arkansas 5.Nebraska. October 24 had #1 Ohio State over Wisconsin at home, 28–3. #2 Notre Dame beat Stanford 26–7, #3 Alabama beat Florida 17–14. #4 Arkansas beat Wichita State 17–0, and #5 Nebraska beat Colorado 21–3. The top", "title": "1964 college football season" } ]	who did melbourne beat in the 1964 grand final
[ "Gillian Jacobs" ]	[ { "id": "19661703", "text": "Life of the Party (2018 film) Life of the Party is a 2018 American comedy film directed by Ben Falcone and written by Falcone and Melissa McCarthy. It is the third film directed by Falcone and co-written by the pair, following \"Tammy\" (2014) and \"The Boss\" (2016). The film, starring McCarthy, Molly Gordon, Gillian Jacobs, Jessie Ennis, Adria Arjona, Maya Rudolph, Julie Bowen, Matt Walsh, Debby Ryan, with Stephen Root and Jacki Weaver, follows a newly divorced mother who returns to college to complete her degree, and ends up bonding with her daughter's friends. Produced by On the Day Productions", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "19661715", "text": "of self-indulgence and tedium, even if it's well-meaning in its intentions.\" Life of the Party (2018 film) Life of the Party is a 2018 American comedy film directed by Ben Falcone and written by Falcone and Melissa McCarthy. It is the third film directed by Falcone and co-written by the pair, following \"Tammy\" (2014) and \"The Boss\" (2016). The film, starring McCarthy, Molly Gordon, Gillian Jacobs, Jessie Ennis, Adria Arjona, Maya Rudolph, Julie Bowen, Matt Walsh, Debby Ryan, with Stephen Root and Jacki Weaver, follows a newly divorced mother who returns to college to complete her degree, and ends up", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "19302831", "text": "Chad Michael Murray would star as Peggy Carter, Edwin Jarvis, Daniel Sousa, Whitney Frost, Jason Wilkes, and Jack Thompson, respectively. It was also revealed that the guest cast for the episode would include Currie Graham as Calvin Chadwick, Lotte Verbeek as Ana Jarvis, Bridget Regan as Dottie Underwood, Kurtwood Smith as Vernon Masters, Josh Latzer as guard, Hayley McCarthy as Melody, John Kerry as Mortimer Hayes, Ray Wise as Hugh Jones and Casey Sander as Thomas Gloucester. Latzer, McCarthy, and Kerry did not receive guest star credit in the episode, while Everett and Austin received guest star credit instead of", "title": "Life of the Party (Agent Carter)" }, { "id": "20362280", "text": "career as a hairstylist. Starting in 2009, Gardner began taking classes at The Groundlings theatre in Los Angeles. In 2014, she joined the Sunday Company, and a year later she was promoted to the Main Company. During that time, she became a voice actress, regularly appearing on animated series such as \"Bratz\", \"SuperMansion\", and \"Mike Tyson Mysteries\". On September 26, 2017, it was announced that Gardner would be a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" for its forty-third season. In 2018, she played the supporting role of Leonor in the Ben Falcone-directed film \"Life of the Party\", alongside Melissa McCarthy.", "title": "Heidi Gardner" }, { "id": "19661714", "text": "than it hits.\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 46 out of 100, based on reviews from 32 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews.\" Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"B\" on an A+ to F scale, higher than the \"C+\" earned by McCarthy and Falcone's previous two film collaborations. Matt Zoller-Seitz of RogerEbert.com gave the film two out of four stars, calling it \"the latest Melissa McCarthy star vehicle that fails to do justice to the sheer awesomeness of its leading lady.\" Leigh Monson from Birth.MoviesDeath wrote, \"One hundred minutes", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "19661705", "text": "Sandy to tell them what happened, but Mike is frustrated because Dan made Deanna drop out of her college because she was pregnant, as well as his overbearing ways during their marriage. Deanna goes to see Maddie in her dorm to tell the news about her divorce and her plans to study again at the university to earn a degree in Archaeology. Maddie initially has doubts about her plan but she ultimately accepts it. Maddie introduces Deanna to her friends—Amanda, neurotic Debbie, and Helen. Deanna later meets her agoraphobic and chronically depressed roommate Leonor. On the first day of school,", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "8190697", "text": "Gillian Jacobs Gillian MacLaren Jacobs (; born October 19, 1982) is an American actress. She is known for portraying Britta Perry on the NBC/Yahoo! Screen comedy series \"Community\" and Mickey Dobbs on the Netflix series \"Love\". Jacobs had a recurring role as Mimi-Rose Howard on the fourth season of the HBO series \"Girls\" and has appeared in films such as \"Gardens of the Night\" (2008), \"The Lookalike\" (2014), \"Life Partners\" (2014), \"Hot Tub Time Machine 2\" (2015), \"Don't Think Twice\" (2016), \"Brother Nature\" (2016), \"Life of the Party\" (2018) and \"Ibiza\" (2018). Jacobs was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Her parents,", "title": "Gillian Jacobs" }, { "id": "19661713", "text": "its third week); 80% of its audience was over the age of 25, while 70% was female. It fell 57% in its second weekend, to $7.6 million, finishing fourth at the box office, and another 33% to $5.1 million in its third, finishing fifth. On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 38% based on 129 reviews, and an average rating of 5/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"\"Life of the Party\"s good-natured humor and abundance of onscreen talent aren't enough to make up for jumbled direction and a script that misses far more often", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "19661704", "text": "and New Line Cinema, the film was released on May 11, 2018, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received mixed reviews from critics, who called it \"a frustratingly middling comedy that never really figures out what to do with all that talent and fails to produce consistent laughs.\" After dropping off their daughter Maddie to her senior year at Decatur University in Atlanta, Dan tells Deanna that he wants a divorce because he has fallen in love with another woman, a realtor Marcie, and he also wants to sell their house under his name. Heartbroken, Deanna visits her parents Mike and", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "19661709", "text": "check to pay her tuition, but Deanna refuses to take it. The party is not a success and a suspicious Jennifer smells a rat and confronts Helen, telling her that if Aguilera doesn't show up in 3 seconds, Jennifer will put Helen in another coma. The two girls engage in a fist fight until Deanna steps in and intervenes, telling the two girls that they shouldn't be fighting and they should behave like friends. Finally, Aguilera (who turns out to be Leonor’s cousin) arrives and she puts on a show with Deanna and the girls to an excited crowd while", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "2654711", "text": "with Estelle Winwood on ABC's \"The Donna Reed Show\" in the episode \"Miss Lovelace Comes to Tea\" (1959). Dumont, usually playing her dignified dowager character, appeared with other film comedians and actors, including Wheeler and Woolsey and George \"Spanky\" McFarland (\"Kentucky Kernels\", 1934); Joe Penner (\"Here, Prince\" 1932, and \"The Life of the Party\" 1937); Lupe Vélez (\"High Flyers\", 1937); W.C. Fields (\"Never Give a Sucker an Even Break\", 1941, and \"Tales of Manhattan\" 1942); Laurel and Hardy (\"The Dancing Masters\", 1943); Red Skelton (\"Bathing Beauty\", 1944); Jack Benny (\"The Horn Blows at Midnight\", 1945); George \"Gabby\" Hayes (\"Sunset in", "title": "Margaret Dumont" }, { "id": "19302832", "text": "regular starring. Graham, Verbeek, Regan, Smith, Wise, and Sander reprise their roles from earlier in the series. \"Life of the Party\" was first aired in the United States on ABC on February 16, 2016. In the United States the episode received a 0.7/2 percent share among adults between the ages of 18 and 49, meaning that it was seen by 0.7 percent of all households, and 2 percent of all of those watching television at the time of the broadcast. It was watched by 2.39 million viewers. Life of the Party (Agent Carter) \"Life of the Party\" is the sixth", "title": "Life of the Party (Agent Carter)" }, { "id": "19661711", "text": "in the process, angering Marcie. Filming began in August 2016 in the metro Atlanta area. The sorority house used in the film is The Twelve Oaks Bed & Breakfast (www.thetwelveoaks.com) located in Covington, GA. The interior of the mansion was replicated in a warehouse in Decatur, GA for the interior scenes and the exterior scenes were filmed on location at the inn. \"Life of the Party\" was released on May 11, 2018. The first official trailer for the film was released on February 5, 2018. \"Life of the Party\" grossed 52.9 million in the United States and Canada, and $12.8", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "19302828", "text": "by regular cast members James D'Arcy, Chad Michael Murray, and Enver Gjokaj. \"Life of the Party\" originally aired on ABC on February 16, 2016, and according to Nielsen Media Research, was watched by 2.39 million viewers. Jason Wilkes returns to the real world but worries that at any moment he could be drawn away completely. He designs a containment chamber for himself, but requires more Zero Matter. Peggy Carter realizes that Whitney Frost is now the only source of Zero Matter, but is still too injured to get it herself. Instead, she breaks Dottie Underwood out of custody and sends", "title": "Life of the Party (Agent Carter)" }, { "id": "19661706", "text": "she meets demeaning girls, Jennifer and her friend Trina (Yani Simone), who mocks Deanna's age. Deanna later signed the divorce papers, with her best friend Christine on her side, as well as Dan and Marcie. At night, Maddie and her friends take Deanna to the party, where she meets a boy named Jack, who later falls in love with her and, the next day, they have sex inside the library. In another night, they attend an 80's-themed party where Deanna has a dance-off with Jennifer, resulting in earning the respect of her schoolmates. Deanna later has stage fright during her", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "16507334", "text": "Mt. Hood Independent Film Festival in the state of Oregon U.S.A.. The film went on to win Best Horror/Thriller at the festival. The film was released 29 April 2014 Video on Demand release with Gravitas Ventures. His second feature, Life of the Party, starring Holly Brisley completed filiming December 2016 . Life of the Party premiered on the 14th of September 2018 at the Arena Cinelounge Sunset Los Angeles in the U.S. state of California. Life of the Party the screenplay that was co written by Budd has been picked up by the Oscars Foundation to display in the Library", "title": "Michael Budd" }, { "id": "3825724", "text": "Boss\" and \"Ghostbusters\". In 2018, she stars in the comedy films \"Life of the Party\", \"The Happytime Murders\", and the critically acclaimed biographical comedy-drama \"Can You Ever Forgive Me?\" for which she received nominations for the Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award, Satellite Award, and others accolades. McCarthy and her husband Ben Falcone founded On the Day, a production company. In 2015, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, launched her clothing line, \"Melissa McCarthy Seven7\", and was named the third highest-paid actress in the world by \"Forbes\". In 2016, \"Forbes\" named her the world's second", "title": "Melissa McCarthy" }, { "id": "18072704", "text": "Life of the Party (Emcee N.I.C.E. song) \"Life of the Party\" is a 2012 song performed by American recording artist Emcee N.I.C.E. and features the singing debut of actress Stacey Dash and newcomer Blake Smith. It was produced by Ralph “Phantom” Stacy. It serves as the remix to the original version produced by Kelly Keys in which features just Blake Smith. It was the lead single from Emcee N.I.C.E.’s 2015 debut studio album, \"However U Want It\". The song was written by Aulsondro “Novelist” Hamilton with Stacey Dash joining in on the remix. It came out on October 12, 2012", "title": "Life of the Party (Emcee N.I.C.E. song)" }, { "id": "19665378", "text": "one of their favorite characters. This role brought Purser to international fame, and earned her a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series nomination. Purser portrays Ethel Muggs in The CW's teen drama series \"Riverdale\", and had a minor role in the 2018 comedy film \"Life of the Party\" which ended up being cut. In January 2017, it was reported that she had landed the titular role in the 2018 film \"Sierra Burgess Is a Loser\". Purser portrayed Annabelle Bowman, a member of the drama troupe at Stanton High, in the NBC Drama \"Rise,\" in a", "title": "Shannon Purser" }, { "id": "5649824", "text": "Susan Penhaligon Susan Penhaligon (born 3 July 1949) is a British actress and writer. She is known for her role in the drama series \"Bouquet of Barbed Wire\" (1976), and for playing Helen Barker in the sitcom \"A Fine Romance\" (1981–84). She also appeared in the soap opera \"Emmerdale\" (2006). Her film appearances include \"No Sex Please, We're British\" (1973) and Paul Verhoeven's \"Soldier of Orange\" (1977). Penhaligon was born in Manila but returned with her family to Cornwall, aged 6. She spent her formative years living in St. Ives and Falmouth. Aged 11 she was sent to boarding school", "title": "Susan Penhaligon" }, { "id": "19302830", "text": "kills Chadwick and several of the Council, proclaiming herself in control of the remainder. Masters and Thompson capture Underwood, but the Zero Matter sample is left behind. Masters insists that Thompson \"destroy\" Carter; he tries to convince her to return to New York, but fails. Underwood ends up in Frost's control. In February 2016, Marvel announced that the sixth episode of the season would be titled \"Life of the Party\", to be written by Eric Pearson, with Craig Zisk directing. In February 2016, Marvel revealed that main cast members Hayley Atwell, James D'Arcy, Enver Gjokaj, Wynn Everett, Reggie Austin, and", "title": "Life of the Party (Agent Carter)" }, { "id": "19661712", "text": "million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $65.7 million. In the United States and Canada, \"Life of the Party\" was released alongside \"Breaking In\", and was projected to gross $18–21 million from 3,656 theaters in its opening weekend. It made $4.9 million on its first day, including $700,000 from Thursday night previews, down from the $985,000 McCarthy's \"The Boss\" grossed in March 2016, and similar to the $650,000 grossed by \"Snatched\" on the Thursday before the same weekend the previous year. The film went on to debut to $17.9 million, and finished second behind \"\" ($62 million in", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "7251467", "text": "Ingrid Lacey Ingrid Marcella Lacey (born 6 November 1958) is a British actress. She is known for her role as Helen Cooper in the Channel 4 sitcom \"Drop the Dead Donkey\" (1993–98). Her film appearances include \"Funny Man\" (1994), \"In Love and War\" (1996) and \"The Cat's Meow\" (2001). Lacey is best known for her role as Helen Cooper in \"Drop the Dead Donkey\". She was born in Surrey, UK and educated at Godalming College and trained at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School, graduating in 1981. She has acted in films, radio, TV series and theatre productions, such as", "title": "Ingrid Lacey" }, { "id": "19302827", "text": "Life of the Party (Agent Carter) \"Life of the Party\" is the sixth episode of the second season of the American television series \"Agent Carter\", inspired by the films \"\" and \"\", and the Marvel One-Shot short film also titled \"Agent Carter\". It features the Marvel Comics character Peggy Carter teaming up with former adversary Dottie Underwood, and is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise. The episode was written by Eric Pearson and directed by Craig Zisk. Hayley Atwell reprises her role as Carter from the film series, and is joined", "title": "Life of the Party (Agent Carter)" }, { "id": "2625702", "text": "Crow\". Tarbuck played Helen Golightly in the BBC radio programme \"Clare in the Community\" from series 5 to series 9, taking over from Gemma Craven for BBC Radio 4. She has also appeared in other shows for BBC Radio 4, such as \"Just a Minute\" and a story about Jayne Mansfield. In December 2016 she presented \"Remembering Ronnie Corbett\", a tribute to the late comedy star. In October 2017 she appeared on \"Front Row\" with Harry Hill. In December 2017 she was a guest on \"Saturday Live\". In January 2018 she was a guest on \"Great Lives \", talking about", "title": "Liza Tarbuck" }, { "id": "19997848", "text": "Donald James Parker. He landed his first movie role at the age of 17 in the movie Dog Years starring Burt Reynolds, Chevy Chase, and Ariel Winter, and was directed by Adam Rifkin. Walter landed a role in the movie \"Life of the Party\", directed by Ben Falcone, starring Melissa McCarthy, Stephen Root, Maya Rudolph, Matt Walsh, and Christina Aguilera. He began his television debut at the age of 18 when he started working with Jupiter Entertainment starring in TV series made for Investigation Discovery such as Homicide Hunter: Lt. Joe Kenda, Murder Calls, and #Murder. Walter James Billingham II", "title": "Walter James Billingham II" }, { "id": "18072706", "text": "Smith & Stacey Dash. The track was digitally edited and arranged by Ralph “Phantom” Stacy. The original version, slower with an R&B, Hip Hop vibe was produced by Kelly Keys. However both versions were recorded and mixed by Dan “Deezy” Naim at “The Cave” Woodland Hills, California. The song was later mastered by Big Bass Brain Gardner at the infamous Bernie Grunmand Mastering lab in Hollywood, California. \"Life of the Party\" plays for 3 minutes and 57 seconds in common time and at a tempo of 123 beats per minute. It is a dance, dubstep, R&B, and hip hop song", "title": "Life of the Party (Emcee N.I.C.E. song)" }, { "id": "19661708", "text": "from Dan, making Deanna filled with shame. Deanna tries to make amends with Maddie, but she tells her that she is leaving college since she has no means of completing the rest of the year on her own. The girls then come up with a plan to throw a party to raise money to pay for Deanna's tuition. Since everyone is at Christina Aguilera concert, Helen posts the message on her Twitter, claiming Aguilera will be at the party after her show. Christine shows up with her husband, as do Mike and Sandy. Mike offers to give Deanna a 401K", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "16214314", "text": "Ben Falcone Benjamin Scott Falcone (born August 25, 1973) is an American actor, comedian and filmmaker. He is married to actress Melissa McCarthy, with whom he has two children. He had co-starring roles in \"What to Expect When You're Expecting\" and \"Enough Said\", and also had small roles in \"Bridesmaids\", \"Identity Thief\", \"The Heat\", and \"Life of the Party\" all of which starred his wife. Falcone made his directorial debut in 2014 with \"Tammy\", which he co-wrote with McCarthy, and also directed, co-wrote and produced \"The Boss\" and \"Life of the Party\", all of which starred McCarthy. Falcone was born", "title": "Ben Falcone" }, { "id": "6145262", "text": "Aneta Corsaut Aneta Louise Corsaut (November 3, 1933November 6, 1995) was an American actress and writer. She is best known for playing Helen Crump on \"The Andy Griffith Show\" (1963–1968). Born in Hutchinson, Kansas, Corsaut was the daughter of Jesse Harrison and Opal J. (née Swarens) Corsaut. She majored in drama at Northwestern University and studied acting with Lee Strasberg. During her junior year, Corsaut dropped out to pursue a career in acting, although during the run of \"The Andy Griffith Show\", Corsaut took courses at UCLA with plans to earn her degree. She began her acting career in New", "title": "Aneta Corsaut" }, { "id": "20326966", "text": "third, behind \"\" ($62.1 million in its third week) and \"Life of the Party\" ($17.9 million); 68% of its audience was female while 73% was over the age of 25. It fell 61% in its second weekend to $6.8 million, finishing fifth at the box office, and another 41% to $4.1 million in its third, finishing sixth. On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 25% based on 76 reviews, with an average rating of 4.2/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"Breaking In\" is proof that Gabrielle Union deserves more leading roles — particularly in", "title": "Breaking In (2018 film)" }, { "id": "1743767", "text": "owner Cameron Diaz. She filmed a cameo appearance for \"The Limey\", but her performance was cut from the movie. Ann-Margret also starred in several television films, including \"\" (1993) and \"Life of the Party\" (1999), the latter of which she received nominations for an Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award, and a Screen Actors Guild Award. She made guest appearances on the television shows \"Touched by an Angel\" in 2000 and three episodes of \"Third Watch\" in 2003. In 2001, she made her first appearance in a stage musical, playing the character of brothel owner Mona Stangley in a new", "title": "Ann-Margret" }, { "id": "19661710", "text": "a satisfied Jennifer is briefly seen recording the whole thing on her phone. Later on, Deanna is due to repeat her presentation in class. She is still nervous until Maddie, Helen, Amanda, Debbie, and all the sorority sisters show up to support her, and Deanna manages to give the presentation with ease. At the end of the year, Deanna and Maddie graduate together, with all their friends and family there to support them. Maddie encourages Deanna to throw her cap in the air. She does so, and it hits Dan in the face, losing an expensive earring he was wearing", "title": "Life of the Party (2018 film)" }, { "id": "2933766", "text": "Patty Duke Anna Marie \"Patty\" Duke (December 14, 1946 – March 29, 2016) was an American actress, appearing on stage, film, and television. Her first big break came from her Academy Award winning performance at age 16 for portraying Helen Keller in \"The Miracle Worker\" (1962), a role that she had originated on Broadway. The following year she was given her own show, \"The Patty Duke Show,\" in which she played \"identical cousins\" Cathy and Patty Lane. She later progressed to more mature roles such as that of Neely O'Hara in the film \"Valley of the Dolls\" (1967). Over the", "title": "Patty Duke" }, { "id": "4074511", "text": "\"Cybill\". (She had previously played Shepherd's mother in the 1972 film \"The Heartbreak Kid\".) She was married to Hardy Ulm, with whom she had five children, from 1943 until his death in 1970. She was then married to James Whitmore from 1972 to 1979. Lindley died of leukemia on October 16, 1997, at Cedars Sinai Medical Center. Audra Lindley Audra Marie Lindley (September 24, 1918 – October 16, 1997) was an American actress, most famous for her role as landlady Helen Roper on the sitcom \"Three's Company\" and its spin-off, \"The Ropers\". Born in Los Angeles, California, Lindley got her", "title": "Audra Lindley" }, { "id": "4853914", "text": "include the comedy \"Old School\" (2003), the superhero film \"Daredevil\" (2003), the caper film \"Art Heist\" (2004), and the comedy drama \"Life of the Party\" (2005). In addition to her acting career, she has directed two episodes for \"Grey's Anatomy\" and also founded a production company Calamity Jane. Pompeo married producer Chris Ivery in 2007 and the couple have three children together. Ellen Kathleen Pompeo was born in Everett, Massachusetts, on November 10, 1969, the daughter of Joseph Pompeo and Kathleen Pompeo. Her father was of Italian, English, and Irish descent, while her mother was of Irish ancestry. She was", "title": "Ellen Pompeo" }, { "id": "19956988", "text": "Tonight (Emcee N.I.C.E.) \"Tonight\" is a single by American/Puerto Rican rapper Emcee N.I.C.E.. It was released on October 4, 2014. It was produced by Kelly Keys, and features guest vocals from Suhana Machete. The single made its debut on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 Single Sales Chart at #13 and remained on the charts for 13 weeks. \"Tonight\" is the follow up single to Life of the Party (Emcee N.I.C.E. song) that featured famed Actress and Fox News Correspondent Stacey Dash. \"Tonight\" debuted at number #13 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for the week of November 1, 2014. Its debut", "title": "Tonight (Emcee N.I.C.E.)" }, { "id": "2046984", "text": "sold. By 2016, the book had sold more than 31 million copies. In 1967, the book was adapted into the film of the same name, starring Barbara Parkins as Anne, Patty Duke as Neely, Sharon Tate as Jennifer, and Susan Hayward as Helen Lawson, the aging Broadway legend. Susann made a cameo appearance as a reporter at the scene of Jennifer North's suicide. \"Valley of the Dolls\" received scathing reviews, but was a widespread commercial success, becoming the sixth highest-grossing film of its year with $44.4 million at the domestic box office, a huge amount for its time. Susann herself", "title": "Jacqueline Susann" }, { "id": "4042896", "text": "Gloria Hendry Gloria Hendry (born March 3, 1949), also known inaccurately as Gloria Henry, is an American actress and former Playboy model. She is best known for her roles in films from the 1970s, most notably: portraying Rosie Carver in 1973's James Bond film \"Live and Let Die\", which was Roger Moore's first Bond film; and Helen Bradley in the blaxploitation film \"Black Caesar\", and the sequel, \"Hell Up in Harlem\". Hendry began her acting career in the 1968 Sidney Poitier film \"For Love of Ivy\", followed by a small role in the 1970 film \"The Landlord\". In 1973 she", "title": "Gloria Hendry" }, { "id": "7319172", "text": "of Lost Shoes\" scheduled to release in the fall of 2014. He just shot a new pilot for ABC Signature Studios and Amazon in Virginia called \"Point of Honor\". He wrapped 2 films at the end of 2015 that will be released in 2016. In \"Measure of a Man\" he stars opposite Luke Wilson and Donald Sutherland and also be looking for Luke's latest film to be released in 2018 starring opposite Melissa McCarthy called \"Life of the Party\". Aaron's wife is an actress as well. She was the first on-air personality for CMT when she hosted a show called", "title": "Aaron Benward" }, { "id": "6978847", "text": "Gail Strickland Gail Strickland (born May 18, 1947) is an American actress. Strickland was born in Birmingham, Alabama, the daughter of Theodosia and Lynn Strickland, who owned a tire shop. She had featured roles in 1970s films such as \"Bound for Glory\", \"The Drowning Pool\" and \"Norma Rae\". In 1973, she appeared as Sister Ann, in the season four episode, \"Almost a Nun's Story\", on \"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\". Strickland had a memorable appearance on the television series \"MAS*H\" as Captain Helen Whitfield, a nurse in an ongoing battle with alcoholism. She appeared as Courtney, Jerry's love interest, in", "title": "Gail Strickland" }, { "id": "8847067", "text": "turned to acting. She reportedly was offered the role eventually taken by Diahann Carroll in the 1968-71 TV series \"Julia\", and appeared in a variety of movies, including \"Uptight\" (1968), \"Blacula\" (1972), \"Uptown Saturday Night\" (1974) and \"The Prisoner of Second Avenue\" (1975). She established herself as a television actress in the 1970s and 1980s, playing the roles of Helen Grant on \"Days of Our Lives\" (1975–77) and as Hester-Sue Terhune on \"Little House on the Prairie\" (1977–83), as well as making appearances on other television shows and movies, including \"The Night the City Screamed\" (1980). She recorded an album", "title": "Ketty Lester" }, { "id": "1850429", "text": "Rms Riv Vu\". After her show ended, she assumed a number of roles that departed from comedy. She appeared in several dramatic roles, most notably in the television movie \"Friendly Fire\". She appeared as Beatrice O'Reilly in the film \"Life of The Party: The Story of Beatrice\", a story about a woman fighting her alcoholism. Her other film work includes \"The Four Seasons\" (1981), \"Annie\" (1982), and \"Noises Off\" (1992). She also returned in 2005 to star in a different role as Queen Aggravain in the movie version of \"Once Upon a Mattress\". She guest-starred in season two of \"Desperate", "title": "Carol Burnett" }, { "id": "19896823", "text": "The Party (2017 film) The Party is a 2017 British black comedy film written and directed by Sally Potter. The film was shot in black and white and features a seven-actor ensemble of Patricia Clarkson, Bruno Ganz, Emily Mortimer, Cherry Jones, Cillian Murphy, Kristin Scott Thomas and Timothy Spall. It was selected to compete for the Golden Bear in the main competition section of the 67th Berlin International Film Festival and was awarded the Guild Film Prize. The film received positive reviews from critics. Janet, a politician for the opposition party, has just been announced as shadow minister for health", "title": "The Party (2017 film)" }, { "id": "16961465", "text": "of films, including Christopher Guest's \"Mascots\" where she played Mindy Murray, aka Tammy the Turtle. Other movies released in 2016 include \"The Meddler\", starring Susan Sarandon and directed by Lorene Scafaria, where Baker played Elaine. Baker also appeared opposite Shirley MacLaine in \"The Last Word\" and in the film adaptation of the acclaimed \"Speech & Debate\", playing Ms. Riggi. In 2018, she appeared as Gildred in Melissa McCarthy's \"Life of the Party,\" and co-starred in Paul Feig's \"A Simple Favor\". On television, Baker was seen as series regular Sonia on the NBC comedy \"Go On\", starring Matthew Perry, as a", "title": "Sarah Baker" }, { "id": "18072705", "text": "alongside a long-form music video. The music video broke into the mainstream by TMZ’s subsidiary TooFab. The song received high praise from Russell Simmons Global Grind, saying that “Even though Emcee N.I.C.E. who is really Nice on the mic isn’t a household name as of yet, he soon will be.”. \"Life of the Party\" features Stacey Dash and Blake Smith was written by Aulsondro “Novelist” Hamilton aka Emcee N.I.C.E. and Stacey Dash and was produced by Ralph “Phantom” Stacy who’s notable hits includes (Dru Hill, Luther Vandross, SWV, Mario (American singer) and more…), with backing vocals by Emcee N.I.C.E., Blake", "title": "Life of the Party (Emcee N.I.C.E. song)" }, { "id": "18072710", "text": "video has two versions. One version is a 7-minute and 10 second full-length mini-movie while the second one is a 4-minute 12 second TV version both available on YouTube. Life of the Party (Emcee N.I.C.E. song) \"Life of the Party\" is a 2012 song performed by American recording artist Emcee N.I.C.E. and features the singing debut of actress Stacey Dash and newcomer Blake Smith. It was produced by Ralph “Phantom” Stacy. It serves as the remix to the original version produced by Kelly Keys in which features just Blake Smith. It was the lead single from Emcee N.I.C.E.’s 2015 debut", "title": "Life of the Party (Emcee N.I.C.E. song)" }, { "id": "8401425", "text": "upcoming horse-race. She takes a chance and bets all her money, only to lose everything. Eventually they grow fond of each other and Colonel Joy proposed to Flo by the end of the film. The music heard of the credits at the beginning of the film was added in the 1950s. These credits are also not original but have been redrawn, removing all indication that the film was photographed in Technicolor. The original music survives on Vitaphone disks. The rest of the film, beginning with the first title card (\"New York was originally purchased from the Indians...\"), has the original", "title": "The Life of the Party (1930 film)" }, { "id": "13960754", "text": "story, but admits to her best friend Helen (O'Hara) that she loves him. However, the next morning he acts as if nothing has happened, even giving her a hard time for committing plagiarism. Upset, she returns to her old lifestyle of wild parties, which includes dancing with and kissing strangers. However, when information reaches her that Gil has been shot, she realizes that she is still in love with him. A month later, Gil returns to college. Stella visits him, and he explains to her that he hates her for what she is and loves her for what she could", "title": "The Wild Party (1929 film)" }, { "id": "16751832", "text": "The Life of the Party (1937 film) The Life of the Party is a 1937 musical comedy film. It recorded a loss of $111,000. On her way to Santa Barbara, California, aspiring singer Mitzi Mantos loses a shoe. A young man named Barry finds it and tries to meet her, while Mitzi and her agent Pauline try to get her an audition with Dr. Molnac for his traveling musical revue. Misunderstandings abound as Mitzi and Barry pretend to be married. Mitzi is actually the daughter of a countess, while Barry will lose a $3 million inheritance if he marries before", "title": "The Life of the Party (1937 film)" }, { "id": "6005187", "text": "Helen McCrory Helen Elizabeth McCrory (born 17 August 1968) is a British actress. McCrory portrayed Cherie Blair in both \"The Queen\" (2006) and \"The Special Relationship\" (2010). She also portrayed Francoise in the film \"Charlotte Gray\" (2001), Narcissa Malfoy in the final three \"Harry Potter\" films, Mama Jeanne in Martin Scorsese's family film \"Hugo\" (2011), Clair Dowar in the James Bond film \"Skyfall\" (2012), Polly Gray in \"Peaky Blinders\" (2013–present), and Emma Banville in \"Fearless\" (2017). She now lives in Suffolk. McCrory was born in Paddington, west London. Her mother, Anne (née Morgans), is Welsh, and her father, Iain McCrory,", "title": "Helen McCrory" }, { "id": "4074507", "text": "Audra Lindley Audra Marie Lindley (September 24, 1918 – October 16, 1997) was an American actress, most famous for her role as landlady Helen Roper on the sitcom \"Three's Company\" and its spin-off, \"The Ropers\". Born in Los Angeles, California, Lindley got her early start in Hollywood by being a stand-in, which eventually progressed to stunt work, and eventually became a contract player with Warner Bros. In 1943, she went to New York in her mid-20s to work in theater. Among her many Broadway plays during her long career were: \"On Golden Pond\", \"Long Day's Journey into Night\", and \"Horse", "title": "Audra Lindley" }, { "id": "7299662", "text": "Helen Crump Helen Crump is a fictional dramatic character on the American television program \"The Andy Griffith Show\" (1960-1968). Helen made her debut in the third-season episode \"Andy Discovers America\" (1963). Helen was a schoolteacher and became main character Sheriff Andy Taylor's girlfriend. Helen also appeared in \"TAGS\" spinoff, \"Mayberry R.F.D.\" (1968 – 1971), and in the \"TAGS\" reunion telemovie, \"Return to Mayberry\" (1986). Helen was portrayed by Aneta Corsaut. Helen Crump hails from Kansas and attended college in Kansas City. She majored in journalism. Helen takes up residence in Mayberry and is employed as an elementary schoolteacher. Her uncle,", "title": "Helen Crump" }, { "id": "8401423", "text": "can carry with them. They head off to the train station with their luggage of expensive clothes and decide to go to Havana to make some real money. Once Flo and Dot arrive in Havana they find that a millionaire, \"A.J. Smith\", who invented a famous soft drink, is staying at the hotel. They assume that a mean spirited and snobby acting man is the millionaire but the true millionaire is a young, pleasant and down to earth man. Dot falls in love with Smith, much to Flo's chagrin. Smith, unbeknownst to Flo and Dot, is actually a gigolo looking", "title": "The Life of the Party (1930 film)" }, { "id": "19972857", "text": "Jean Allison Jean Allison (October 24, 1929) is an American actress. She appeared in numerous films and TV series throughout the 1950s to the 1980s. Allison was born in New York City on October 24, 1929. Prolific actress of the small screen, she made her debut on television in the mid-1950s and was credited, over the years, several times to several interpretations. Allison played the character of Helen Yeager in a double episode of \"Starsky & Hutch\" in 1977 and a host of minor roles and appearances as guest star in dozens of episodes of television series. She also appeared", "title": "Jean Allison" }, { "id": "18196238", "text": "hanging lights. It ends with the waitress reading a note left from Shawn, smiling as the scene fades. The title of the song, \"Life of the Party\", may give the impression that it's an upbeat dance song, but in an interview, Mendes described the song as not \"super happy, but it's also not depressing\". The lyrics represent being happy with yourself and figuring out who you are and who you want to be. It was written by two writers from New York, Ido Zmishlany and Scott Harris, though Mendes felt a strong connection to it. The song debuted on the", "title": "Life of the Party (Shawn Mendes song)" }, { "id": "6770227", "text": "in flashbacks. Brewster subsequently guest starred on \"Empire\" and in \"The Rifleman\" episode, \"Jealous Man\" in 1962; on \"The Dakotas\" in 1963; on the 1963 \"Perry Mason\" episode, \"The Case of the Potted Planter\", and in the premiere episode of \"Kentucky Jones\" (1964). Brewster appeared several times in flashbacks, uncredited, as the murdered wife Helen Kimble in \"The Fugitive\". She appeared in a two episodes of \"Death Valley Days\", in a 1966 episode of \"Family Affair\", and in an installment of \"Ironside\" (1968) before retiring. She reappeared in four episodes of \"The New Leave It to Beaver\". Diane Brewster died", "title": "Diane Brewster" }, { "id": "6770220", "text": "Diane Brewster Diane Brewster (March 11, 1931 – November 12, 1991) was an American television actress most noted for playing three distinctively different roles in television series of the 1950s and 1960s: confidence trickster Samantha Crawford in the western \"Maverick\"; pretty young second-grade teacher Miss Canfield in \"Leave It to Beaver\"; and doomed wife Helen Kimble in \"The Fugitive\". Brewster's father was R.R. Brewster, a trial lawyer in Missouri. She was born in Kansas City, Missouri, went to Shawnee Mission High School and studied liberal arts at the University of Kansas at Lawrence. Following her sophomore year at the university,", "title": "Diane Brewster" }, { "id": "12687667", "text": "English actor Cedric Hardwicke played Professor Crayton, and popular character actress Mary Wickes portrayed landlady Winona Maxfield. Skip Ward was cast as fellow student Joe Caldwell, and Marion Ross appeared in five episodes as Berg's daughter, Susan Green. Aneta Corsaut (the future Helen Crump on The Andy Griffith Show) appeared in 13 episodes as Irma Howell, a professor's wife. Karyn Kupcinet played a young fellow student of Sarah Green. Her role is very small, and she is heard saying very little dialogue. The plot centers around Sarah Green, a widow in her early sixties, who decides to acquire higher education,", "title": "Mrs. G. Goes to College" }, { "id": "9203293", "text": "Lesley Vickerage Lesley Francesca Vickerage (born 1 July 1961) is an English actress best known for her roles as WPC Jenny Dean in the British television series \"Between the Lines\", as Lieutenant (later Captain) Kate Butler in \"Soldier Soldier\", and as Helen Lynley in the British television series \"The Inspector Lynley Mysteries\". Vickerage was born in Woolwich, London and attended Blackheath High School. She trained at the Drama Studio London. She is an enthusiast of English folk music and is often seen at the annual Chippenham Folk Festival. She played Ellie in \"My Good Friend\", Helen Lynley in \"The Inspector", "title": "Lesley Vickerage" }, { "id": "16136695", "text": "in \"Hudson Street\" (1996), and as Mable Maloney in a two-part \"Matlock\", TV series, The Witness Killings (1991). Kathryn has worked in film, recently for director Daryl Wein in \"Lola Versus\" starring Greta Gerwig, Debra Winger, and Bill Pullman; and for Paul Moshe Mones in \"Dovid Moyer\" as Odel, the Orthodox cook. She has also worked with such notable directors as Don Siegel (in Jinxed opposite Bette Midler, 1982 ) and Lamont Johnson in the television movie, Life of The Party and The Story of Beatrice (1982) with Carol Burnett. She has received acting awards, Drama Logue Award best actress", "title": "Kathryn Kates" }, { "id": "17499185", "text": "Jill Melford Jill Melford (born 23 November 1931) is an English actress. The daughter of actor Jack Melford, she attended the Ballet Arts School in New York and made her theatre debut in 1949 as a dancer in a production of \"Oklahoma!\" in New York, before appearing in other Broadway performances. In 1953 she performed in 'The Seven Year Itch' on the London stage, and later appeared in other stage plays. These include \"Auntie Mame\", \"Ulysses in Night-time\", \"The Life of the Party\", \"The Right Honourable Gentleman\", \"There's a Girl in My Soup\", \"Not Now, Darling\", \"Best of Friends\" and", "title": "Jill Melford" }, { "id": "8401420", "text": "The Life of the Party (1930 film) The Life of the Party is a 1930 American Pre-Code musical comedy filmed entirely in Technicolor. The musical numbers of this film were cut out before general release in the United States because the public had grown tired of musicals by late 1930. Only one song was left in the picture. The complete film was released intact in countries outside the United States where a backlash against musicals never occurred. Flo and Dot work in a Broadway music shop. Flo sings while Dot plays the piano. Their boss complains to them that they", "title": "The Life of the Party (1930 film)" }, { "id": "10492076", "text": "she has left to play a \"character role\" in a television series. For the 1967 film adaptation, author Susann hoped that the Bette Davis would play the role, but Judy Garland was hired instead. Garland was replaced by Susan Hayward. Lawson made another appearance in the 2008 novel \"Candy Everybody Wants\" by Josh Kilmer-Purcell, where she acts as a mentor to the protagonist, 15-year-old Jayson Blocher, as he is beginning his career in Hollywood. Helen Lawson Helen Lawson is a fictional character from Jacqueline Susann's best-selling 1966 novel \"Valley of the Dolls\", said to be based largely on legendary stage", "title": "Helen Lawson" }, { "id": "4764775", "text": "of songwriters Bert Kalmar and Harry Ruby, \"Three Little Words.\" She did not appear in the film's credits. She appeared on several TV shows in the 1950s and 1960s, principally \"Toast of the Town,\" later known as \"The Ed Sullivan Show.\" Kane's final public appearance was on the Sullivan Show on St. Patrick's Day 1965. In addition, she was given overdue tribute in 1958, on \"This is Your Life\" with Ralph Edwards. It brought a tearful reunion with Helen's old friend, actress Fifi D'Orsay, and a lifelong fan who once sent her money when she was down on her luck.", "title": "Helen Kane" }, { "id": "8401427", "text": "of this full version still exists. The Life of the Party (1930 film) The Life of the Party is a 1930 American Pre-Code musical comedy filmed entirely in Technicolor. The musical numbers of this film were cut out before general release in the United States because the public had grown tired of musicals by late 1930. Only one song was left in the picture. The complete film was released intact in countries outside the United States where a backlash against musicals never occurred. Flo and Dot work in a Broadway music shop. Flo sings while Dot plays the piano. Their", "title": "The Life of the Party (1930 film)" }, { "id": "9659709", "text": "Life of the Party (2005 film) Life of the Party is a 2005 film with Eion Bailey and Ellen Pompeo. It was written and directed by Barra Grant. Michael Elgin, former high school track star, now in his thirties, is floundering. He keeps life's realities at bay by having too many cocktails a few nights too often. One night, he crashes into a tree, emerges unscathed but catalyzes those who care into organizing an intervention. Michael comes home to find the group waiting: his friends, co-workers, parents, his wife, his new girlfriend. The group is nervous. The psychiatrist who was", "title": "Life of the Party (2005 film)" }, { "id": "9877744", "text": "Couldn't Say No\" (1930), in which Lightner was cast in a maudlin dramatic role which did not suit her talents. The picture, consequently, was not very successful. This was followed by another successful picture,\"The Life of the Party\", which was also shot entirely in Technicolor and was an even bigger hit than \"Hold Everything\". By the end of 1930 audiences had grown tired of musicals, while Lightner was in the process of shooting three musicals: \"Sit Tight\" (1931), \"Gold Dust Gertie\" (1931), and \"Manhattan Parade\" (1932). They were all released with most of the music cut. This was especially noticeable", "title": "Winnie Lightner" }, { "id": "8401424", "text": "for a rich woman to pay his meal ticket. Just as Dot is to marry Davidson, LeMaire arrives and exposes the two gold-diggers. Smith, who has fallen in love with Dot, writes a check to LeMaire to cover the amount he lost, and he ends up winning Dot as his future wife. A subplot involves Flo and Colonel Joy (Charles Butterworth), who raises horses. Colonel Joy is attracted to Flo and can't stop talking to her, although she does her best to avoid him. After some time, Flo is convinced by the colonel that his horse can't lose in the", "title": "The Life of the Party (1930 film)" }, { "id": "6049684", "text": "Rebecca Gethings Rebecca Gethings is an English actress best known for her roles in film and television comedies such as \"The Thick of It\", \"Extras\", \"The Mimic\" and \"\". Gethings has collaborated several times with Armando Iannucci, improvising with the US cast of Veep at the character development stage of Season 1 and Season 3, in which she also appears. Iannucci later cast her as Helen Hatley, the ambitious special adviser to Nicola Murray in the fourth and final series of The Thick of It. She played Lizzie Bunton, the daughter of camp pantomime director Bunny, in the fourth episode", "title": "Rebecca Gethings" }, { "id": "4987684", "text": "Matt Walsh (comedian) Matt Walsh (born October 13, 1964) is an American actor, comedian, director, and writer best known for his role as Neighbor #2 in \"Christmas With The Kranks\". He also previously starred in short-lived comedy programs such as \"Dog Bites Man\" on Comedy Central and \"Players\" on Spike TV, and was a correspondent on \"The Daily Show with Jon Stewart\". He has also co-starred in films such as \"Ghostbusters\", \"Life of the Party\", \"Ted\", \"Into the Storm\", \"Brigsby Bear\", and \"Old School\". Walsh was born in Chicago, the fourth of seven children of Dick and Audrey Walsh. He", "title": "Matt Walsh (comedian)" }, { "id": "8401426", "text": "sound. According to Warner Bros records the film earned $685,000 domestically and $212,000 foreign. It is unknown whether a copy of this full version still exists. The film only survives in a black and white copy (of the United States release print) made in the 1958 from Associated Artists Productions. Only a black and white copy of the cut print released in the United States (without most of the musical numbers) seems to have survived. The complete film was released intact in countries outside the United States where a backlash against musicals never occurred. It is unknown whether a copy", "title": "The Life of the Party (1930 film)" }, { "id": "6005193", "text": "live in north London. She is an honorary patron of the London children's charity Scene & Heard. McCrory was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to drama. Helen McCrory Helen Elizabeth McCrory (born 17 August 1968) is a British actress. McCrory portrayed Cherie Blair in both \"The Queen\" (2006) and \"The Special Relationship\" (2010). She also portrayed Francoise in the film \"Charlotte Gray\" (2001), Narcissa Malfoy in the final three \"Harry Potter\" films, Mama Jeanne in Martin Scorsese's family film \"Hugo\" (2011), Clair Dowar in the James", "title": "Helen McCrory" }, { "id": "2077034", "text": "the ABC Family series \"The Lying Game\". In the 2000s, Slater recorded five albums, singing her own compositions and playing the piano. Slater was born in Bethpage, New York, to a Jewish family. Her parents, Alice Joan (née Citrin), a lawyer and nuclear disarmament peace activist based in New York City, and Gerald Slater, a television executive, divorced in 1974. She has a brother, David, who is a lawyer in New York City. Slater attended Great Neck South High School and then transferred to the High School of Performing Arts from which she graduated in 1982. Despite common misconception, she", "title": "Helen Slater" }, { "id": "7033291", "text": "Miriam Flynn Miriam Flynn (born June 18, 1952) is an American voice actress and character actress. She is best known as Cousin Catherine in the \"National Lampoon's Vacation\" and Grandma Longneck in \"The Land Before Time\" franchises. She has acted in other films and in several television series, the latter including a recurring role as Sister Helen on the Fox/WB sitcom \"Grounded for Life\". Before breaking into television, Flynn was a member of The Second City improv troupe in 1975. She appeared on stage alongside Shelley Long, George Wendt, Andrea Martin, Catherine O'Hara, and James Belushi. Flynn was a regular", "title": "Miriam Flynn" }, { "id": "19497842", "text": "For this performance she won Most Promising Newcomer at the British Independent Film Awards 2013 and was nominated for Best British Newcomer at the 2012 BFI London Film Festival Awards. In 2013, she played a politician in \"The Waldo Moment\", an episode of the anthology series \"Black Mirror\". In the same year she was named as one of BAFTA's \"Breakthrough Brits\" and \"Screen International\"s \"UK Stars of Tomorrow\". In 2014, Pirrie starred in the BBC miniseries \"The Game\", a Cold War spy thriller in which she played an MI5 secretary. The following year she appeared as Sheila Birling in Helen", "title": "Chloe Pirrie" }, { "id": "4673452", "text": "Pancho Villa as Himself\" opposite Antonio Banderas. On stage, Bailey appeared in \"Equus\" at the Pasadena Playhouse, as well as \"Spoon River Anthology\", \"Look Homeward, Angel\", and \"Dinner at Eight\" at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, \"Desire and I\" at the Access Theatre Santa Barbara, and \"Icarus' Mother\" at the SBCC Studio Theatre. In 2007, Bailey was awarded a Daytime Emmy for his performance in \"Life of the Party\". Bailey has had recurring guest-starring roles on the TV series \"Dawson's Creek\" and \"ER\". In 2010, Bailey had a recurring role in USA Network’s \"Covert Affairs\" as Ben Mercer, Annie's", "title": "Eion Bailey" }, { "id": "6149897", "text": "niece in 1991 was discovered and released to the public on Sphere Records. Unlike the majority of recordings made with her family, most tracks from the collection prominently featured Helen on lead vocal. In 2009 Rosanne Cash released her acclaimed album \"The List\". In publicity for the album Cash repeatedly discussed the impact that Helen Carter (her aunt through marriage) had on her as a musician, performer and as a songwriter. Cash also noted that Helen Carter spent hours teaching her to play guitar. In the 2013 Lifetime Television Movie \"Ring of Fire\" Helen Carter was portrayed by young singers", "title": "Helen Carter" }, { "id": "3724633", "text": "Amy Bruckner Amelia Ellen \"Amy\" Bruckner (born March 28, 1991) is an American actress and singer noted for her roles in the Disney Channel shows \"Phil of the Future\" and \"\". Bruckner has also been featured in Hollywood films such as \"Nancy Drew\", in which she plays Bess Marvin and in \"Rebound\" in the role of \"Annie\". Bruckner was raised in Conifer, Colorado. She has an older sister, Annye Landaverde (nee Bruckner). Amy graduated from Athens Academy in Athens, Georgia, and attended Tisch School of the Arts at New York University. Bruckner began her career in the fourth grade, guest", "title": "Amy Bruckner" }, { "id": "1548885", "text": "office herself in \"Ada\". The same year, she played Rae Smith in Ross Hunter's lavish remake of \"Back Street\", which also starred John Gavin and Vera Miles. Neither of these films were particularly successful; neither were \"I Thank a Fool\" (1963) at MGM, \"Stolen Hours\" (1963), and \"Where Love Has Gone\" (1964). Hayward was reunited with Joseph Mankiewicz in \"The Honey Pot\" (1967). Then she replaced Judy Garland as Helen Lawson in the film adaptation of Jacqueline Susann's \"Valley of the Dolls\" (1967). She received good reviews for her performance in a Las Vegas production of \"Mame\", but left the", "title": "Susan Hayward" }, { "id": "6005189", "text": "nominated for a 2006 Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for her role as Rosalind in \"As You Like It\" in London's West End. In April 2008, she made a \"compelling\" Rebecca West in a production of Ibsen's \"Rosmersholm\" at the Almeida Theatre, London. She appeared in \"\" (2003), as Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine, and in supporting roles in such films as \"Interview with the Vampire\" (1994), \"Charlotte Gray\" (2001), \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" (2002), and \"Casanova\" (2005). In \"The Queen\" (2006) she played Cherie Blair, a role she reprised in Peter Morgan's follow-up \"The Special Relationship\". She appeared in", "title": "Helen McCrory" }, { "id": "6587564", "text": "Neva Patterson Neva Louise Patterson (February 10, 1920 – December 14, 2010) was an American actress. Born on a farm near Nevada, Iowa, the daughter of a mailman and a seamstress, Patterson and her parents moved to New York City in 1938. She made her Broadway debut in 1947's \"The Druid Circle\". In 1952, she played Helen Sherman in \"The Seven Year Itch\". Her first feature movie was \"Taxi\" (1953). Other film credits include \"The Buddy Holly Story\", \"All of Me\" (1984), and \"An Affair to Remember\" (1957). Patterson's television credits included \"Nichols\", in which she played a cantankerous elderly", "title": "Neva Patterson" }, { "id": "6145264", "text": "role as Head Nurse Bradley in the 1980s sitcom \"House Calls\", and also appeared in several episodes of \"Matlock\" with star Andy Griffith. In addition, Corsaut played the role of nurse Jesse Brewer in 1977 on the long-running ABC soap opera \"General Hospital\" when long-time portrayer Emily McLaughlin was too ill to work. She returned to the role of Helen Crump in the reunion shows \"Return to Mayberry\" in 1986 and \"The Andy Griffith Show Reunion\" in 1993. Corsaut was cast as Kathy McLennan, the young widow of a rancher, in the 1965 episode, \"Paid in Full\", on the syndicated", "title": "Aneta Corsaut" }, { "id": "12744319", "text": "Minneapolis Symphonies, and sang in long-running engagements at supper clubs at such venues as New York's Pierre and St. Regis Hotels. She guest starred as Helen Barone in \"The Sopranos\" (2000). Marand married lawyer Irving Salem in 1984 and died in 2008 at the age of 74, in New York City, from brain cancer. She is buried at Greenwood Union Cemetery in Harrison, New York. Patricia Marand Patricia Marand (January 25, 1934 – November 27, 2008) was an American actress and singer, best known for roles in musical theatre. She was nominated for a 1966 Tony Award for her part", "title": "Patricia Marand" }, { "id": "6005192", "text": "playing Polly Gray in \"Peaky Blinders\". In 2014, McCrory played the title role in the National Theatre's production of \"Medea\", directed by Carrie Cracknell. Also in 2014, McCrory made a guest appearance on the TV series \"Penny Dreadful\". She returned as a regular for the show's second season, playing the main antagonist. In August 2016, McCrory was confirmed to play Emma Banville in ITV drama series \"Fearless\", which began airing in June 2017. On 4 July 2007, McCrory married actor Damian Lewis. They have a daughter, Manon (b. 8 September 2006), and a son, Gulliver (b. 2 November 2007). They", "title": "Helen McCrory" }, { "id": "7299668", "text": "Show\" and \"Mayberry R.F.D.\" featuring Helen. Helen, the Authoress (1967 TAGS episode) Helen Crump Helen Crump is a fictional dramatic character on the American television program \"The Andy Griffith Show\" (1960-1968). Helen made her debut in the third-season episode \"Andy Discovers America\" (1963). Helen was a schoolteacher and became main character Sheriff Andy Taylor's girlfriend. Helen also appeared in \"TAGS\" spinoff, \"Mayberry R.F.D.\" (1968 – 1971), and in the \"TAGS\" reunion telemovie, \"Return to Mayberry\" (1986). Helen was portrayed by Aneta Corsaut. Helen Crump hails from Kansas and attended college in Kansas City. She majored in journalism. Helen takes up", "title": "Helen Crump" }, { "id": "8705212", "text": "was totally vindicated.\" In her feature film work, Whitney has directed actors such as Lindsay Crouse, Austin Pendleton, Blair Brown, Brenda Fricker, and David Strathairn. Her films have received an Oscar nomination, the Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Award, an Emmy Award and the George Foster Peabody Award. Whitney grew up in New York City, where she attended the Chapin School. She received a BA in English literature from Sarah Lawrence College in 1965 and a master's degree in Victorian literature from the University of Chicago in 1967. Beginning in 1982, following her acceptance by the Sundance Institute, Whitney wrote and", "title": "Helen Whitney" }, { "id": "553982", "text": "played by Mark Harmon and a cast featuring Jodie Foster and Harold Ramis, and \"Next of Kin\" (1989) with Patrick Swayze and Liam Neeson. In the 1990s, after playing the lead female role in the short-lived \"My Life and Times\", Hunt starred in the series \"Mad About You\", winning Emmy Awards for her performances in 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999. For the last year of the show she and Paul Reiser became the first actors ever to be paid $1,000,000 per episode. Hunt directed several episodes of \"Mad About You\", including the series finale. Her big-screen directorial debut came with", "title": "Helen Hunt" }, { "id": "6997808", "text": "Kate Mara Kate Rooney Mara ( ; born February 27, 1983) is an American actress and fashion model. She is known for her roles as reporter Zoe Barnes in the Netflix political drama \"House of Cards\" (2013–2014; 2016), computer analyst Shari Rothenberg in the Fox thriller series \"24\" (2006) and Ben Harmon's vengeful mistress Hayden McClaine in the FX horror miniseries \"\" (2011). She made her film debut in 1999 with \"Random Hearts\". She has since appeared in \"Brokeback Mountain\" (2005), \"We Are Marshall\" (2006), \"Shooter\" (2007), \"Transsiberian\" (2008), \"Stone of Destiny\" (2008), \"The Open Road\" (2009), \"Transcendence\" (2014), \"The", "title": "Kate Mara" }, { "id": "13075887", "text": "Janina Faye Janina Faye ( Smigielski, born 1948) is an English actress and director. She is a daughter of Florence Louisa Jonathan and Jan Smigielski. Her father was a Polish Air Force ace from Squadron 303 during the Battle of Britain. She began her career as an actress in 1956 and includes theatre and television work in addition to many film appearances. In 1961 she appeared as Helen Keller in the William Gibson play, The Miracle Worker. In 1962 she appeared as Anne in the thriller \"Don't Talk to Strange Men\". In 1971, she appeared in an episode of \"Doctor", "title": "Janina Faye" }, { "id": "8791929", "text": "Los Angeles, California. She resided in Los Angeles the final fourteen years of her life. Her funeral was conducted from Pierce Brothers' Mortuary with interment at Hollywood Forever Cemetery. Helen Dunbar Helen Dunbar (born Katheryn Burke Lackey, October 10, 1863 – August 28, 1933) was an American theatrical performer and silent film actress. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Dunbar first appeared with the Weber & Fields Stock Company, when it began its career on the New York stage. In 1899 she appeared in \"Whirl-i-gig\" and \"The Other Way\" at the Weber and Fields Broadway Music Hall. She also worked with the", "title": "Helen Dunbar" }, { "id": "3482284", "text": "actress Zoë Kravitz and the cousin of NBC's Today Show's Al Roker. Roker died in Los Angeles, California, on December 2, 1995, of breast cancer at the age of 66. Roxie Roker Roxie Albertha Roker (August 28, 1929 – December 2, 1995) was a Bahamian American actress who portrayed Helen Willis on the CBS sitcom \"The Jeffersons\" (1975–1985), half of the first interracial couple to be shown on regular prime time television. She was the mother of rock artist Lenny Kravitz. Roker was born in Miami, Florida. Her mother, Bessie (née Mitchell), was from Georgia and worked as a domestic,", "title": "Roxie Roker" }, { "id": "3794389", "text": "Helen Shipman Helen Shipman (February 5, 1899–April 13, 1984) was an American singer, dancer and actress who starred in various Broadway musicals and musical comedies and who also acted in movies. Helen Shipman was the daughter of William H. and Annie L. (Mitchell) Shipman of Pennsylvania. Her full name was Helen Phyllis Shipman. Helen's mother was a stage actress of some note in her youth, and her father was a printer who died in 1925. Her exact date of birth is unknown; however, it is believed that she was born in 1899. Helen began performing at the age of three", "title": "Helen Shipman" }, { "id": "6149896", "text": "life in 1998 at age 70. Her interment was next to her son, Kenneth, in Hendersonville Memory Gardens in Hendersonville, Tennessee. Buried nearby in the same cemetery are her parents, Ezra and Maybelle Carter, and her sisters, June and Anita. Helen's song \"Heart Full of Shame\" was used in the 2003 movie \"Northfork\". \"Juke Box Blues\", co-written with Maybelle, was used in the 2005 movie \"Walk the Line\". Helen Carter was portrayed by actress Janet McMahan in the musical \"Wildwood Flower: The June Carter Story\". In 2006, a forgotten set of recordings that Helen made with her sisters and a", "title": "Helen Carter" }, { "id": "2077037", "text": "(1988) with longtime friend Melanie Mayron, \"City Slickers\" (1991) with Billy Crystal, the steamy \"A House in the Hills\" (1993) with Michael Madsen, and the action-crime drama \"No Way Back\" opposite Russell Crowe (1996). Other noteworthy performances were seen in films including \"\" (1993), \"Betrayal of the Dove\", and opposite Andy Richter in \"Seeing Other People\" (2004). Slater has appeared on episodes of various television series, including \"The New Adventures of Old Christine\", \"Supernatural\", four episodes as the voice of Talia in \"\", and others. She was a series regular on the half-season run of the 1990 ABC newsroom drama", "title": "Helen Slater" }, { "id": "6770228", "text": "from heart failure in 1991, aged 60. Diane Brewster Diane Brewster (March 11, 1931 – November 12, 1991) was an American television actress most noted for playing three distinctively different roles in television series of the 1950s and 1960s: confidence trickster Samantha Crawford in the western \"Maverick\"; pretty young second-grade teacher Miss Canfield in \"Leave It to Beaver\"; and doomed wife Helen Kimble in \"The Fugitive\". Brewster's father was R.R. Brewster, a trial lawyer in Missouri. She was born in Kansas City, Missouri, went to Shawnee Mission High School and studied liberal arts at the University of Kansas at Lawrence.", "title": "Diane Brewster" }, { "id": "7033295", "text": "(2011). Miriam Flynn Miriam Flynn (born June 18, 1952) is an American voice actress and character actress. She is best known as Cousin Catherine in the \"National Lampoon's Vacation\" and Grandma Longneck in \"The Land Before Time\" franchises. She has acted in other films and in several television series, the latter including a recurring role as Sister Helen on the Fox/WB sitcom \"Grounded for Life\". Before breaking into television, Flynn was a member of The Second City improv troupe in 1975. She appeared on stage alongside Shelley Long, George Wendt, Andrea Martin, Catherine O'Hara, and James Belushi. Flynn was a", "title": "Miriam Flynn" }, { "id": "3428475", "text": "Amy Smart Amy Lysle Smart (born March 26, 1976) is an American actress and former fashion model. Smart began her career modeling in Italy and subsequently enrolled in acting school. Her first role in film was in director Martin Kunert's film \"Campfire Tales.\" She has since appeared in numerous films, including \"Varsity Blues\" (1999), \"Road Trip\" (2000), \"Rat Race\" (2001), \"The Butterfly Effect\" (2004), \"Just Friends\" (2005), \"Mirrors\" (2008), and Tyler Perry's \"The Single Moms Club\" (2014). Her television work includes a recurring role on \"Felicity\" (1999–2001). Smart was born in Topanga, California. Her mother, Judy Lysle (née Carrington), worked", "title": "Amy Smart" }, { "id": "19896831", "text": "Prize at the 2017 Berlin International Film Festival. The Party (2017 film) The Party is a 2017 British black comedy film written and directed by Sally Potter. The film was shot in black and white and features a seven-actor ensemble of Patricia Clarkson, Bruno Ganz, Emily Mortimer, Cherry Jones, Cillian Murphy, Kristin Scott Thomas and Timothy Spall. It was selected to compete for the Golden Bear in the main competition section of the 67th Berlin International Film Festival and was awarded the Guild Film Prize. The film received positive reviews from critics. Janet, a politician for the opposition party, has", "title": "The Party (2017 film)" }, { "id": "10275654", "text": "Reiko Sato Reiko Sato (December 19, 1931 – May 28, 1981) was an American dancer and actress. Sato was born in Los Angeles, California to issei farm operator, Tonezo Sato and his wife Chieko. She and her family were interned at the Gila River War Relocation Center during World War II. Her mother became a real estate investor after the war; Reiko also had many siblings. She graduated from Belmont High School in 1949, later attending Los Angeles City College. She continued her studies in ballet. Sato is best known for playing seamstress Helen Chao in the 1961 feature film", "title": "Reiko Sato" } ]	who played helen on life of the party
[ "John Roberts" ]	[ { "id": "14949834", "text": "John Roberts (actor) John Roberts (born November 10, 1971) is an American actor, voice actor, comedian and writer who voices Linda Belcher on the animated sitcom \"Bob's Burgers\". Roberts currently voices Linda, the doting matriarch of the Belcher family, in the Fox animated primetime comedy \"Bob's Burgers\". He has said in interviews that he based the voice of Linda on that of his own mother, Marge. He has appeared several times on NBC's \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" and \"Watch What Happens: Live\", has co-written a pilot for MTV with Bob Odenkirk and performed in two national tours for Margaret", "title": "John Roberts (actor)" }, { "id": "15534405", "text": "Bob's Burgers (season 2) The second season of the animated sitcom \"Bob's Burgers\" began airing on Fox in the United States on , and concluded on . The season was produced by Wilo Productions and Buck & Millie Productions in association with 20th Century Fox Television, and is distributed by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment, along with its other seasons. Actors H. Jon Benjamin, John Roberts, Dan Mintz, Eugene Mirman and Kristen Schaal reprised their roles as Bob Belcher, Linda Belcher, Tina Belcher, Gene Belcher and Louise Belcher. These characters are all a part of the Belcher family, a nuclear", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 2)" }, { "id": "14573515", "text": "Bob's Burgers Bob's Burgers is an American animated sitcom created by Loren Bouchard that premiered on Fox on January 9, 2011. The series centers on the Belcher family – parents Bob and Linda and their children Tina, Gene and Louise – who run a hamburger restaurant. The show was conceived by Bouchard after he developed \"Home Movies\". It is produced and distributed in association with 20th Century Fox Television. While reviews for the first season were mixed, feedback for subsequent seasons has been much more positive. The series premiere, \"Human Flesh\", drew in 9.39 million viewers, making it the highest-rated", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "15534403", "text": "Bob's Burgers (season 1) The first season of the American animated sitcom \"Bob's Burgers\" began airing on Fox in the United States on January 9, 2011, and concluded on May 22, 2011. Thirteen episodes long, the season was produced by Bento Box Entertainment in association with 20th Century Fox Television. The series follows the family—father Bob, mother Linda, daughters Louise and Tina Belcher, and son Gene. The show features the voices of H. Jon Benjamin, Dan Mintz, Eugene Mirman, John Roberts and Kristen Schaal in their roles of the Belcher family. The series premiere, \"Human Flesh\", was broadcast directly after", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 1)" }, { "id": "14573527", "text": "Benjamin, Rachel Hastings, Justin Hook, Dan Mintz, and Mike Olsen have also written or co-written episodes. After the writing has been completed, the voice actors read the script as written, but later are allowed to improvise lines. The editors and writer decide what improvised lines make the final cut. \"Bob's Burgers\" has five main cast members: H. Jon Benjamin as Bob Belcher, John Roberts as Linda Belcher, Dan Mintz as Tina Belcher, Eugene Mirman as Gene Belcher, and Kristen Schaal as Louise Belcher. The components of a hamburger fall into place on a white screen, and Bob's hands appear underneath", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "14573517", "text": "for Outstanding Animated Program seven consecutive times, winning in 2014 and 2017. On October 7, 2015, Fox renewed the series for the seventh and eighth production cycles. On March 27, 2018, Fox renewed the series for a ninth season, which premiered on September 30, 2018. A feature film of the animated television series is in the works and is scheduled for a July 17, 2020 release. The show centers on the Belcher family—Bob, Linda, and their children Tina, Gene, and Louise; who run a burger restaurant on Ocean Avenue in an unnamed seaside community (informally known as \"Seymour's Bay\" among", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "14573523", "text": "(Jenny Slate), Jocelyn (John Roberts), and Regular-Sized Rudy (Brian Huskey). Mr. Frond (David Herman) is the guidance counselor at their school. Other recurring characters include customers Teddy (Larry Murphy) and Mort (Andy Kindler), as well as Linda's eccentric sister Gayle (Megan Mullally), and the Belchers' sometimes-meddling landlord, Calvin Fischoeder (Kevin Kline) and his brother Felix (Zach Galifianakis). Bob is frequently antagonized by health inspector Hugo (Sam Seder), Linda's ex-fiancé who holds a grudge against Bob and constantly schemes to get the restaurant shut down, though his plans are often revealed to the Belchers by his easy-going assistant, Ron (Ron Lynch).", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "20553611", "text": "Herman as both Marshmallow and Trev, Jack McBrayer as Marbles, John Early as Dalton Crespin, Todrick Hall as Miss Triple X-Mas, Andy Kindler as Mort, and Matt Berninger as a singer. If first aired on FOX on December 10, 2017. In this episode the Belcher family tries to find the thief of the top of their Christmas tree. Linda Belcher (John Roberts) has a dream about a Christmas party and decides to throw one in the family restaurant together with her husband Bob (H. Jon Benjamin). When she hears that the town's gay nightclub is closed for legal reasons, she", "title": "The Bleakening (Bob's Burgers)" }, { "id": "14573546", "text": "fans of the show have ever had,\" while being appealing to new audiences. On July 18, 2018, Loren Bouchard said that the script has been submitted and accepted to the studios. The movie will be a musical comedy and will involve Louise and Kuchi Kopi inside her fantasy world as a minor subplot. Bob's Burgers Bob's Burgers is an American animated sitcom created by Loren Bouchard that premiered on Fox on January 9, 2011. The series centers on the Belcher family – parents Bob and Linda and their children Tina, Gene and Louise – who run a hamburger restaurant. The", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "16917595", "text": "in August 2012: \"There's a good Thanksgiving one with Kevin Kline as the weird landlord with the eyepatch. It's funny, the family gets co-opted into pretending to be his family so that he can get laid.\" The episode features a song entitled \"The Thanksgiving Song\", which is sung by the character Linda Belcher over the episode's ending credits. John Roberts, who voices Linda, improvised the entire song during the episode's recording. The \"Bob's Burgers\" writing staff later named it their fourth favorite song from the series. On November 16, 2012, American indie rock band The National released a slower, more", "title": "An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal" }, { "id": "8574955", "text": "Dan Mintz Daniel Alexander Mintz (born September 25, 1981) is an American comedian, voice actor and writer best known for his role as Bob's oldest daughter Tina Belcher on the animated show \"Bob's Burgers\". As a comedian, he is known for his extremely deadpan delivery, keeping his eyes fixed straight ahead and never looking toward the camera or audience. Born to a Jewish family, Mintz grew up in Anchorage, Alaska. He is a graduate of Harvard University, where he wrote for \"The Harvard Lampoon\". He landed his first writing job at Comedy Central's \"Crank Yankers\", then worked on \"Last Call", "title": "Dan Mintz" }, { "id": "8883442", "text": "Kristen Schaal Kristen Joy Schaal (; born January 24, 1978) is an American actress, voice actress, comedian, and writer. She is best known for her voice roles as Louise Belcher on \"Bob's Burgers\" and Mabel Pines on \"Gravity Falls\", as well as for playing Mel on \"Flight of the Conchords\", Hurshe Heartshe on \"The Heart, She Holler\" and Carol on \"The Last Man on Earth\". She also provides several voices for \"BoJack Horseman\", most notably for the character of Sarah Lynn, for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance. Other roles include Amanda", "title": "Kristen Schaal" }, { "id": "8883456", "text": "Kristen Schaal Kristen Joy Schaal (; born January 24, 1978) is an American actress, voice actress, comedian, and writer. She is best known for her voice roles as Louise Belcher on \"Bob's Burgers\" and Mabel Pines on \"Gravity Falls\", as well as for playing Mel on \"Flight of the Conchords\", Hurshe Heartshe on \"The Heart, She Holler\" and Carol on \"The Last Man on Earth\". She also provides several voices for \"BoJack Horseman\", most notably for the character of Sarah Lynn, for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance. Other roles include Amanda", "title": "Kristen Schaal" }, { "id": "17328602", "text": "school (Bob and Deliver), Linda goes to her high school reunion and ends up singing there (Purple Rain-Union), the family tries to create a local Super Bowl advertisement (Easy Com-mercial, Easy Go-mercial), and the kids set up a trap for Santa Claus (Christmas in the Car). Guest stars returning include Will Forte, John Michael Higgins, Rob Huebel, Ken Jeong, Kevin Kline, Megan Mullally, Laura and Sarah Silverman, and Paul F. Tompkins, as well as new guest stars that include Bobcat Goldthwait, Jordan Peele, and Molly Shannon. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Bob's Burgers (season 4) The fourth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 4)" }, { "id": "14949835", "text": "Cho as well as her Showtime special. Roberts first gained attention as one of the standout performer/writers on the YouTube follow up \"Jackie & Debra\" which won The Comedy Smalls award in London. He has over 20 million hits on YouTube and has made videos with the likes of Debbie Harry and David Cross. He performs several times a year at NYC's Joe's Pub and has signed a publishing deal with French Kiss Records. Roberts is openly gay. John Roberts (actor) John Roberts (born November 10, 1971) is an American actor, voice actor, comedian and writer who voices Linda Belcher", "title": "John Roberts (actor)" }, { "id": "19029418", "text": "The Hauntening \"The Hauntening\" is the third episode of the sixth season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the 91st episode overall. It was written by Steven Davis and Kevin Yu who won an Annie Award, and was directed by Jennifer Coyle. Guest star is Max Greenfield who voices boyband member Boo Boo. It first aired in the United States on October 18, 2015 at Fox Network. In this episode, the Belcher family goes to a haunted house on Halloween, where the parents want to scare their children, especially Louise. In the family restaurant Bob and Linda", "title": "The Hauntening" }, { "id": "8574957", "text": "\"The Stranger\", at Comedy Works in Denver in July 2013. The album was released in 2014 through Comedy Central Records. Mintz resides in Los Angeles, California. Mintz married fellow comedian Margie Kment on May 29, 2011. Dan Mintz Daniel Alexander Mintz (born September 25, 1981) is an American comedian, voice actor and writer best known for his role as Bob's oldest daughter Tina Belcher on the animated show \"Bob's Burgers\". As a comedian, he is known for his extremely deadpan delivery, keeping his eyes fixed straight ahead and never looking toward the camera or audience. Born to a Jewish family,", "title": "Dan Mintz" }, { "id": "15484269", "text": "Art Crawl \"Art Crawl\" is the eighth episode of the first season of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\". The episode originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 20, 2011. The episode was written by Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux, and was directed by Kyounghee Lim. According to the Nielsen ratings, it was viewed by 4.43 million viewers during its original airing. The episode featured guest performances by Andy Kindler, Jerry Minor, Megan Mullally, Larry Murphy, Sam Seder, Laura Silverman and Sarah Silverman. To avoid Linda's fragile sister Gayle (Megan Mullally), who is hanging her paintings", "title": "Art Crawl" }, { "id": "15687789", "text": "Bed & Breakfast (Bob's Burgers) \"Bed & Breakfast\" is the seventh episode of the first season of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\". The episode originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 13, 2011. The episode was written by Holly Schlesinger and directed by Boohwan Lim. According to Nielsen ratings, it was viewed by 4.10 million viewers in its original airing. The episode featured guest performances by Melissa Bardin Galsky and Larry Murphy. Linda arrives back at the restaurant after shopping for materials for a bed and breakfast she is going to operate out of", "title": "Bed & Breakfast (Bob's Burgers)" }, { "id": "13264933", "text": "the Simpson family, only for their friendship to turn sour when Pawtucket Patriot Ale is revealed to be a rip-off of Duff. Dan Castellaneta, Julie Kavner, Nancy Cartwright, Yeardley Smith, and Hank Azaria guest star as their \"Simpsons\" characters. The episode also includes cameo appearances by Bob Belcher from \"Bob's Burgers\" Fred Flintstone from \"The Flintstones\" and Roger from \"American Dad!\". 20th Century Fox, Gracie Films, and Film Roman produced an animated \"The Simpsons\" film, entitled \"The Simpsons Movie\", that was released on July 27, 2007. The film was directed by long-time \"Simpsons\" producer David Silverman and written by a", "title": "The Simpsons (franchise)" }, { "id": "15516758", "text": "Hamburger Dinner Theater \"Hamburger Dinner Theater\" is the fifth episode of the first season of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\". \"Hamburger Dinner Theater\" originally aired on the Fox Network in the United States on February 20, 2011. The episode was written by Dan Fybel & Rich Rinaldi and directed by Wes Archer. According to Nielsen ratings, it was viewed by 4.87 million viewers in its original airing. The episode featured guest performances by Toby Huss, Larry Murphy, Andy Kindler, Jerry Minor, Sam Seder, Holly Schlesinger and Wendy Molyneux. As the episode begins, Linda is getting ready to go out", "title": "Hamburger Dinner Theater" }, { "id": "16917598", "text": "Thanksgiving Proposal\" was \"not one of the [series'] funnier episodes\" but was nonetheless \"funny in a twisted sort of way\", praising how the Thanksgiving theme was carried out. An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal \"An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal\" is the fifth episode of the third season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". Written by Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux, the episode sees Bob Belcher (H. Jon Benjamin) reluctantly agree to rent out his wife Linda (John Roberts) and their children Tina (Dan Mintz), Gene (Eugene Mirman), and Louise (Kristen Schaal) to the family's landlord Calvin Fischoeder (guest voiced by Kevin Kline),", "title": "An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal" }, { "id": "17746331", "text": "Christmas in the Car \"Christmas in the Car\" is the eighth episode of the fourth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 53rd episode, and is written by Steven Davis and Kelvin Yu and directed by Bernard Derriman and Jennifer Coyle. It aired on Fox in the United States on December 15, 2013. On November 1, Linda sets up the Christmas tree. When it dies on Thanksgiving, the Belchers get a new one the next day. When it dies on Christmas Eve, the family is forced to seek out a Christmas tree at a far off", "title": "Christmas in the Car" }, { "id": "20016717", "text": "There's No Business Like Mr. Business Business \"There's No Business Like Mr. Business Business\" is the 10th episode of the seventh season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the 117th episode overall. It was written by Lizzie Molyneux & Wendy Molyneux and directed by Tyree Dillihay. Its guest stars are Megan Mullaly as Linda's sister Gayle and John Oliver as Ian Amberson. It originally aired in the US on FOX Network at February 19, 2017. In this episode Bob finds out that Linda has secured a pet agent to fund the showbiz career of Gayle's cat, Mr.", "title": "There's No Business Like Mr. Business Business" }, { "id": "4910908", "text": "H. Jon Benjamin Harry Jon Benjamin (born May 23, 1966) is an American actor, voice actor and comedian best known for voicing characters, such as Sterling Archer in the animated sitcom \"Archer\"; Bob Belcher in the animated sitcom \"Bob's Burgers\"; Ben, the son of Dr. Katz, in \"Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist\", Satan in \"Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil\"; Coach McGuirk and Jason on \"Home Movies\" and a can of mixed vegetables in the film \"Wet Hot American Summer\". Benjamin was born on May 23, 1966 to a Jewish family in Worcester, Massachusetts and graduated from Worcester Academy in 1984", "title": "H. Jon Benjamin" }, { "id": "16917588", "text": "An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal \"An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal\" is the fifth episode of the third season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". Written by Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux, the episode sees Bob Belcher (H. Jon Benjamin) reluctantly agree to rent out his wife Linda (John Roberts) and their children Tina (Dan Mintz), Gene (Eugene Mirman), and Louise (Kristen Schaal) to the family's landlord Calvin Fischoeder (guest voiced by Kevin Kline), who wants them to pose as his own family to impress a former flame named Shelby (Lindsey Stoddart) at Thanksgiving dinner. As Thanksgiving goes by, Bob, who has", "title": "An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal" }, { "id": "17924862", "text": "The Frond Files \"The Frond Files\" is the 12th episode of the fourth season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". Written by Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux, the episode sees Bob (H. Jon Benjamin) and Linda Belcher (John Roberts) visiting a Wagstaff School exhibition entitled \"Why I Love Wagstaff.\" Noticing that their children's reports are missing from the exhibition, they confront school guidance counselor Phillip Frond (David Herman), who gives them the discarded reports to read for themselves. The episode is divided into three segments corresponding to each Belcher child's report: Louise's (Kristen Schaal), a \"Terminator\"-inspired science fiction story;", "title": "The Frond Files" }, { "id": "18813704", "text": "hero to her kids (the survivalist streak rings Louise’s bells, and her encounter with horses is exciting enough it might qualify as a birthday present to Tina all by itself). It’s one of those episodes that shows the warm, gooey family center of \"Bob’s Burgers\", focusing on relationships and even letting the Belchers score a win or two—or six, depending on how happy we are for Gene getting a go at all that pumpernickel.\" The episode received a 1.0 rating and was watched by a total of 2.24 million people. This made it the fifth most watched show on Fox", "title": "Eat, Spray, Linda" }, { "id": "14573525", "text": "featured in a test animation based on Bob forgetting about his and Linda's wedding anniversary. This proof of concept eventually turned into the pilot episode. It had the same synopsis as the official pilot (aired in 2011) but had both cosmetic and substantial differences. These included: The original pilot can be seen on the DVD release of the first season, released on April 17, 2012. \"Bob's Burgers\" first appeared on the development slate at Fox on August 6, 2009. On December 1, 2009, Fox ordered 13 episodes for the first season. On May 17, 2010, Fox placed the series on", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "14573545", "text": "Cities to Love\". The resultant music video featured the band, animated in the cartoon's style, performing for the Belcher children in Tina's bedroom. In 2016, \"The Bob's Burgers Burger Book\", edited by series creator Bouchard, was released. There are 75 burger recipes pulled from the fan-based blog \"The Bob's Burger Experiment\" based on the Specials of the Day that appear on the chalkboard menu in the show. On October 4, 2017, Fox announced that a \"Bob's Burgers\" movie was in the works to be released on July 17, 2020. Creator Bouchard has said the movie will \"scratch every itch the", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "17924878", "text": "as \"easily the funniest act...loose on plot but high on substance.\" The Frond Files \"The Frond Files\" is the 12th episode of the fourth season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". Written by Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux, the episode sees Bob (H. Jon Benjamin) and Linda Belcher (John Roberts) visiting a Wagstaff School exhibition entitled \"Why I Love Wagstaff.\" Noticing that their children's reports are missing from the exhibition, they confront school guidance counselor Phillip Frond (David Herman), who gives them the discarded reports to read for themselves. The episode is divided into three segments corresponding to each", "title": "The Frond Files" }, { "id": "19806670", "text": "Large Brother, Where Fart Thou? \"Large Brother, Where Fart Thou?\" is the fifth episode of the seventh season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the 112th episode overall. It was directed by Chris Song and written by Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux, its guest stars are Kurt Braunohler as Logan Bush, Erik Griffin as Gerald the accountant and David Herman who voices Mr. Frond, a director and Logan's friend. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on November 20, 2016. In this episode Tina Belcher has detention and Bob and Linda Belcher are in Gerald's office,", "title": "Large Brother, Where Fart Thou?" }, { "id": "5212501", "text": "April 4, 2013, Mirman provided the voice for Cecil Tunt, multi-millionaire brother of Cheryl/Carol Tunt on FX's \"Archer\". On March 13, 2016, Mirman appeared on \"Last Week Tonight\" as a hacker. Mirman currently voices the character Gene Belcher on the Fox animated series \"Bob's Burgers\". Mirman lent his guest voice to a character named Emperor Keith Merman in the Netflix original \"The Adventures of Puss in Boots\". In January 2009, Mirman released a satirical self-help book entitled \"The Will to Whatevs\". He often appears on \"StarTalk Radio\", hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson. He has also appeared several times on the", "title": "Eugene Mirman" }, { "id": "15567682", "text": "Sheesh! Cab, Bob? \"Sheesh! Cab, Bob?\" is the sixth episode of the first season of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\". \"Sheesh! Cab, Bob?\" originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 6, 2011. The episode was written by Jon Schroeder and directed by Jennifer Coyle. According to Nielsen ratings, it was viewed in 4.91 million viewers in its original airing. The episode featured guest performances by Kevin Kline, Steve Agee, Andy Kindler, David Herman, Jay Johnston, Jack McBrayer and Oscar Nunez. Tina's 13th birthday is coming up, and Linda suggests to Bob that they should", "title": "Sheesh! Cab, Bob?" }, { "id": "14573516", "text": "series premiere of the season and finishing ninth in the ratings for the week it aired. Reruns began airing on Cartoon Network's late night programming block Adult Swim on June 23, 2013 and began airing in syndication on local stations in September 2015. A comic book series based on the show, published by Dynamite Entertainment, began in September 2014 and a soundtrack album was released on May 12, 2017. In 2013, \"TV Guide\" ranked \"Bob's Burgers\" as one of the top 60 Greatest TV Cartoons of All Time. The series has been nominated for several awards, including the Emmy Award", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "5750357", "text": "I Met Your Mother\". She also had a guest-starring role on the Disney show, \"Shake It Up\", portraying a cranky elderly woman, Mrs. Lacasio, in a retirement home. She also had a guest-starring role on the Nickelodeon show, \"Victorious\" as Robbie's cranky grandmother who needed Robbie's help with the internet. In addition to her numerous guest-starring appearances, Taylor has worked as a voice-actor as the character Mrs. Start in the animated feature film \"\", and in a recurring role as Linda's mother Gloria in the animated Fox series \"Bob's Burgers\". Taylor also played Martha Benson in the film \"Opposite Day\",", "title": "Renée Taylor" }, { "id": "17517517", "text": "and infinitely watchable.\" The episode received a 1.8 rating and was watched by a total of 3.75 million people. This made it the fourth most watched show on Animation Domination that night, losing to \"American Dad!\", \"Family Guy\" and \"The Simpsons\" with 5.43 million. Seaplane! \"Seaplane!\" is the third episode of the fourth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 48th episode, and is written by Dan Fybel and Rich Rinaldi and directed by Jennifer Coyle. It aired on Fox in the United States on November 3, 2013. Linda is dissatisfied by her and Bob's lackluster", "title": "Seaplane!" }, { "id": "4910918", "text": "promoting their variety of meats. Notes H. Jon Benjamin Harry Jon Benjamin (born May 23, 1966) is an American actor, voice actor and comedian best known for voicing characters, such as Sterling Archer in the animated sitcom \"Archer\"; Bob Belcher in the animated sitcom \"Bob's Burgers\"; Ben, the son of Dr. Katz, in \"Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist\", Satan in \"Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil\"; Coach McGuirk and Jason on \"Home Movies\" and a can of mixed vegetables in the film \"Wet Hot American Summer\". Benjamin was born on May 23, 1966 to a Jewish family in Worcester, Massachusetts and", "title": "H. Jon Benjamin" }, { "id": "19806588", "text": "Gayle Makin' Bob Sled \"Gayle Makin' Bob Sled\" is the fourth episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 92nd episode. It was written by Lizzie Molyneux and Wendy Molyneux, and directed by Tyree Dillihay. It aired on Fox in the United States on November 8, 2015. In the episode, The Belchers' Thanksgiving festivities are put in jeopardy when Bob finds himself staying with an injured Aunt Gayle during a snowstorm. Bob and Thanksgiving cooking are like K-I-S-S-I-N-G. Linda cannot drive in the snow and Gayle is on crutches after she injured her", "title": "Gayle Makin' Bob Sled" }, { "id": "15228701", "text": "and direction of the show changed. Human Flesh \"Human Flesh\" is the pilot episode of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\". \"Human Flesh\" originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 9, 2011. The episode was written by Loren Bouchard and Jim Dauterive, and directed by Anthony Chun. According to Nielsen ratings, it was viewed in 9.41 million homes in its original airing, making it the most viewed episode of the series. The episode featured guest performances by Andy Kindler, Ron Lynch, and Sam Seder. After a number of unsuccessful openings, Bob Belcher and his family", "title": "Human Flesh" }, { "id": "6151361", "text": "Andy Kindler Andy Kindler (born October 16, 1956) is an American comedian from Queens, New York. He played the character \"Andy\", a fellow sportswriter and friend of sportswriter \"Ray Barone\" (Ray Romano) on the TV show \"Everybody Loves Raymond\", was a regular guest on \"Late Show with David Letterman\", contributor to \"The Daily Show\" and has performed on HBO. As a voice actor, Kindler has made numerous appearances on \"Dr. Katz\" and \"Home Movies\" from producer Loren Bouchard. He regularly voices the character of Mort, a mortician and the Belchers' neighbor, on Bouchard's show \"Bob's Burgers\". His material often covers", "title": "Andy Kindler" }, { "id": "15228692", "text": "Human Flesh \"Human Flesh\" is the pilot episode of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\". \"Human Flesh\" originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 9, 2011. The episode was written by Loren Bouchard and Jim Dauterive, and directed by Anthony Chun. According to Nielsen ratings, it was viewed in 9.41 million homes in its original airing, making it the most viewed episode of the series. The episode featured guest performances by Andy Kindler, Ron Lynch, and Sam Seder. After a number of unsuccessful openings, Bob Belcher and his family re-re-open their fast food burger restaurant,", "title": "Human Flesh" }, { "id": "14573538", "text": "best show of 2015. After airing, the show became the highest-rated series premiere of the season and also finished 9th in the ratings for the week it aired. Despite this, the ratings went on a slide with ratings expert Bill Gorman of \"TV by the Numbers\" calling it a \"toss up\" for renewal before the series was renewed for a second season which premiered on March 11, 2012. Adult Swim acquired the rights to air \"Bob's Burgers\" in 2013. Episodes air six nights a week, with a 1:30 am airing on Sunday and 8:30 pm airings Monday through Friday. An", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "19901554", "text": "Wag the Hog \"Wag the Hog\" is the 13th episode of the sixth season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the 101st episode overall. It was directed by Brian Loschiavo and written by Holly Schlesinger. Its guest stars are Robert Ben Garant as Critter, Wendi McLendon-Covey as Mudflap, Sarah Baker as Bethany, Joe Lo Truglio as Carl, Thomas Lennon as Kenny and Melissa Bardin Galsky as Candace. It aired in the United States on Fox Network on April 10, 2016. In this episode, Bob Belcher and his children try to get Critter out of prison by selling", "title": "Wag the Hog" }, { "id": "14573526", "text": "the primetime slate for the 2010–11 television season. A special preview aired on Thanksgiving on November 25, 2010. Creator Loren Bouchard serves as the executive producer, alongside developer Jim Dauterive. They have served as executive producers since the first season. Dan Fybel and Rich Rinaldi were promoted to executive producers during season 6. The team of writers includes Loren Bouchard, Jim Dauterive, Scott Jacobson, Lizzie Molyneux, Wendy Molyneux, Holly Schlesinger, Nora Smith, Steven Davis, Kelvin Yu, Dan Fybel, Rich Rinaldi, Jon Schroeder, and Greg Thompson. Past writers on the show include Kit Boss, Aron Abrams, and Mike Benner. H. Jon", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "6490569", "text": "games for the PlayStation 2. He also made a guest appearance in \"Kim Possible\". Flynn voiced the character Max Flush on the FOX TV show \"Bob's Burgers\" in the episode \"\". As of 2015, he is providing the voice of Chuck, the foster father of the title character in the DC Comics animated web series \"Vixen\". Neil Flynn Neil Richard Flynn (born November 13, 1960) is an American actor, comedian and voice actor. He is best known for his roles as The Janitor on \"Scrubs\" and Mike Heck in the ABC comedy series \"The Middle\" (2009–18). Flynn has had notable", "title": "Neil Flynn" }, { "id": "14573532", "text": "the characters in full color, with the credits off to the right hand side. The sequence consists of Bob cooking a burger and Louise and Tina doing prep. Bob places the burger on the plate for Louise to give to Linda, who takes it from the window, and a few seconds later Gene walks through the kitchen wearing his burger costume. Although the kitchen scene is still the main closing sequence the show uses, beginning in season two the producers began to use different elements from the show in the credits. Some examples: Other times, the scene will play out", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "18788310", "text": "Late Afternoon in the Garden of Bob and Louise \"Late Afternoon in the Garden of Bob and Louise\" is the tenth episode of the fifth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 77th episode, and is written by Jon Schroeder and directed by Boohwan Lim and Kyounghee Lim. It aired on Fox in the United States on January 25, 2015. Bob receives a rejection letter after applying for a plot at the local community garden. He goes to see the garden master, Cynthia Bush, who does not get along with Linda, and who is the mother", "title": "Late Afternoon in the Garden of Bob and Louise" }, { "id": "14573534", "text": "obscure. The first season through the current season of the show are available on the iTunes Store for download & Hulu. The first 8 seasons are available from Amazon Video. \"Bob's Burgers\" initially received mixed reviews for season 1, with a Metacritic score of 54 out of 100. However, by season 2, the ratings had reached a score of 78 out of 100, proving a rise in popularity with praises about its \"daffy comedic momentum\" and how it is \"new and fresh.\" Rotten Tomatoes gave the first season a 63% score based on 27 reviews with an average rating of", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "19806614", "text": "The Hormone-iums \"The Hormone-iums\" is the 14th episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 102nd episode, and is written by Lizzie Molyneux and Wendy Molyneux and directed by Chris Song. It aired on Fox in the United States on April 17, 2016. In the episode, Tina gets her chance to be soloist of the Hormone-iums in a play, but realizes the role could end up ruining her social status. Meanwhile, Linda comes up with a business plan that she thinks will make the Belchers rich. Tina gets her wish for Wagstaff fame,", "title": "The Hormone-iums" }, { "id": "19029430", "text": "Sacred Couch \"Sacred Couch\" is the ninth episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 97th episode, and is written by Greg Thompson and directed by Brian Loschiavo. It aired on Fox in the United States on March 6, 2016. In the episode, Linda tries to convince the Belchers to not replace their old couch with a new one, and Louise decides to take matters into her own hands. A hit is ordered on the family sofa when Bob and Louise lose the vote to replace the eyesore. At first, Bob and the", "title": "Sacred Couch" }, { "id": "14573542", "text": "has taken the place of Bob Belcher, with Bob inexplicably missing. The menu board touts the \"Thomas Elphinstone Hambledurger, with Manning Coleslaw\", a play on amnesiac secret agent Tommy Hambledon, a character in a series of novels by Manning Coles. \"Homerland\", the season 25 premiere episode of \"The Simpsons\", features a couch gag in which the Belcher family (skinned yellow according to the standard character coloring of the series) attend a 25th anniversary party in the Simpson family living room with the main characters of their fellow Animation Domination series. Bob made another cameo in the episode \"The Girl Code\",", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "17746338", "text": "by a total of 5.57 million people. This made it the third most watched show on Animation Domination that night, beating \"American Dad!\" but losing to \"Family Guy\" and \"The Simpsons\" with 8.48 million. Christmas in the Car \"Christmas in the Car\" is the eighth episode of the fourth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 53rd episode, and is written by Steven Davis and Kelvin Yu and directed by Bernard Derriman and Jennifer Coyle. It aired on Fox in the United States on December 15, 2013. On November 1, Linda sets up the Christmas tree.", "title": "Christmas in the Car" }, { "id": "19806678", "text": "produce their own version of the annual Thanksgiving play and Linda finds a potato that resembles her late grandfather. Alasdair Wilkins from \"The A.V. Club\" gave the episode a \"B+\" and wrote that \"that speaks to how all the Belchers function: sometimes as a bridge to us in the audience, but mostly just there to support their equally silly loved ones. It’s a winning combination.\" The episode received a 1.2 rating and was watched by a total of 2.46 million people. The Quirkducers \"The Quirkducers\" is the sixth episode of the seventh season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\"", "title": "The Quirkducers" }, { "id": "19806633", "text": "Glued, Where's My Bob? \"Glued, Where's My Bob?\" is the 19th episode of sixth season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". Written by Steven Davis and Kelvin Yu, the episode features guest appearances from actors Rob Huebel, Kumail Nanjiani, and Keegan-Michael Key, as well as appearances by recurring guest stars Pamela Adlon, Ken Jeong, Tim Meadows, and Jenny Slate. Its main plot sees Gene Belcher (Eugene Mirman), Louise Belcher (Kristen Schaal), and Tina (Dan Mintz) getting into a normal fight which causes Bob to end up in a sticky situation, where he learns that a journalist is coming", "title": "Glued, Where's My Bob?" }, { "id": "14573522", "text": "have a small but loyal group of regular customers, including the aforementioned Mort, and Teddy, a local handyman. The Belcher family runs a hamburger restaurant. There are various recurring characters in the series including Jimmy Pesto, Sr. (Jay Johnston), Bob's primary business rival who owns an Italian-themed restaurant across the street, and his sons Jimmy Jr. (Benjamin), Tina's love interest, and hyperactive and childish twins Andy (Laura Silverman) and Ollie (Sarah Silverman), who are friends of Louise. They get along well, despite the enmity between their fathers. Other friends, and frenemies, of the Belcher kids include Zeke (Bobby Tisdale), Tammy", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "14573539", "text": "additional episode airs every Monday through Thursday at 9:00 pm. Adult Swim currently has rights to all five seasons of \"Bob's Burgers\" and recently began airing the season five episodes on Mondays. 20th Television began distributing \"Bob's Burgers\" to local stations in 2015. The syndication package began airing on its affiliates on the weekend of September 19–20, 2015, and two episodes air each weekend. The series also premiered on September 26, 2016 on TBS and airs Mondays afternoons (along with \"Family Guy\", \"American Dad!\", and \"The Cleveland Show\") and on Friday nights. On January 6, 2011, some Fatburger locations were", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "13632076", "text": "an identity identical to the main protagonist of \"Bob's Burgers\". John Roberts reprises his role as Linda for the appearance. Reed devised the idea of a \"Bob's Burgers\" crossover because he was a fan of the series. According to H. Jon Benjamin, \"He asked me to ask Loren Bouchard, [...] so I was the middle man. It went really smoothly. It was around a 15-20 second phone call—then they turned it over to hundreds of thousands of lawyers.\" The characters of \"Archer\" have appeared in other media as part of broad marketing campaigns for the show. \"Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue\"", "title": "Archer (2009 TV series)" }, { "id": "3301288", "text": "second, third, fourth, and fifth seasons of the show. In 2014, he was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for his work in the third season. Cole currently provides the voice of Sergeant Boscoe on \"Bob's Burgers\" and Principal Shepherd on \"Family Guy\". Cole married actress Teddi Siddall on March 8, 1992. Their daughter Mary is pursuing an acting career. On June 19, 2017, the couple announced they were divorcing. Gary Cole Gary Michael Cole (born September 20, 1956) is an American actor and voice actor. Cole began his professional acting career", "title": "Gary Cole" }, { "id": "15534412", "text": "this episode does feature the best non sequitur gag you're ever likely to hear about the Parliament song \"Aqua Boogie\"\". The season was first broadcast on the Global Television Network in Canada on March 11, 2012, between 8:30 p.m. and 9:00 p.m., as part of the \"Animation Rules\" comedy television block. It has the same schedule as the Fox network for the season. In the United Kingdom, the season premiered on May 1, 2012, at 10:30 p.m., on E4, (it is shown after the other FOX animated series, \"The Cleveland Show\"). <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Bob's Burgers (season 2) The second season of", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 2)" }, { "id": "19806677", "text": "The Quirkducers \"The Quirkducers\" is the sixth episode of the seventh season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 113th episode, and is written by Steven Davis and Kelvin Yu and directed by Mauricio Pardo. It aired on Fox in the United States on November 20, 2016. In the episode, Gene and Louise decide to sabotage the annual Thanksgiving play to save their long weekend, but Tina provides her fan fiction as the subject matter, leading the kids to work on their own version. Meanwhile, Linda finds a potato that resembles her deceased grandfather. The Belcher kids", "title": "The Quirkducers" }, { "id": "7968580", "text": "Jennifer Irwin Jennifer Irwin (born June 17, 1968) is a Canadian actress best known for her roles as Linda on \"Still Standing\" and as Maria Ganitisis in the comedy \"Superstar\". Irwin is a 1990 graduate of McGill University in Montreal, Quebec. She worked with The Second City in the mid-1990s, and starred in the HBO series \"Eastbound & Down\". She played Carol in Kerri Kenney-Silver's \"Dame Delilah\" web series. At the 6th Annual Canadian Comedy Awards (2005) she was nominated for Pretty Funny Female. She was nominated for a Gemini Award for her performance \"Slings and Arrows\". In 2010, the", "title": "Jennifer Irwin" }, { "id": "17328601", "text": "Bob's Burgers (season 4) The fourth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" began airing on Fox in the United States on September 29, 2013, and concluded on May 18, 2014. The show was once again part of Fox's Sunday night lineup, initially airing in its usual timeslot of 8:30 PM Eastern. Beginning on March 9 and continuing for the rest of the season, \"Bob's Burgers\" moved to 7:00 PM Eastern; the move came as a result of the addition of \"\" to the network's lineup. In this season, Bob subs as the home economics teacher at the kids'", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 4)" }, { "id": "17517496", "text": "was watched by a total of 3.17 million people. This made it the fourth most watched show on Animation Domination that night, losing to \"American Dad!\", \"Family Guy\" and \"The Simpsons\" with 4.20 million. My Big Fat Greek Bob \"My Big Fat Greek Bob\" is the fourth episode of the fourth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 49th episode, and is written by Scott Jacobson and directed by Don MacKinnon. It aired on Fox in the United States on November 10, 2013. Gretchen asks Linda to help her host \"marital aid\" parties for women. For", "title": "My Big Fat Greek Bob" }, { "id": "17023302", "text": "an episodic storyline that gets the two Belchers into a situation where this is plausible. It needs to have a strong enough character base for Linda that Louise can imitate her well, and also that Linda would get so caught up that she couldn’t help but play along. The “songs” themselves need to be funny. The animation needs to be good enough to convey the mockery. Finally, the voice actors need to be excellent. Bob’s Burgers had all those things tonight. It’s not the first time that it’s happened. And it looks like \"Bob’s Burgers\" is getting to the point", "title": "Mother Daughter Laser Razor" }, { "id": "14573528", "text": "to hold it. The other family members appear around him one at a time, beginning with Linda and ending with Louise. Linda puts her arm around Bob, Tina stands expressionless, Gene plays a sound effect on his keyboard, and Louise poses for the camera. The restaurant then materializes behind them and the neighboring businesses slide into place, with a funeral parlor at screen left, and the street slides into view in front. A \"Grand Opening\" banner is placed over the door, followed by a series of mishaps: a fire, an infestation of vermin, and a car knocking down a utility", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "19806620", "text": "Bye Bye Boo Boo \"Bye Bye Boo Boo\" is the 16th episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 104th episode, and is written by Scott Jacobson and directed by Tyree Dillihay. It aired on Fox in the United States on May 8, 2016. In the episode, after hearing that Boo Boo is leaving Boyz 4 Now, Louise enters a contest that could finally give Tina a chance to meet him. Meanwhile, Bob and Linda learn about a mobster who got shot in the restaurant in 1931, which causes tension between Bob and", "title": "Bye Bye Boo Boo" }, { "id": "17108932", "text": "by having her put her foot down and try to prove she’s not just an overly nice pushover. Rather, Linda stayed true to her roots while also showing Bob why these traits are important to have and why it makes them work together so well, both as a couple and as co-workers in the restaurant.\" Dyanamaria Leifsson of TV Equals said this and last week's episode \"featured a great sampling of strange Belcher songs. \"Bob’s Burgers\" can write a heck of a story, packed with brilliant one-liners, but they can also write a borderline annoying tune that makes you laugh", "title": "Lindapendent Woman" }, { "id": "16852995", "text": "Bob Fires the Kids \"Bob Fires the Kids\" is the third episode of the third season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". Written by Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux, the episode sees Bob Belcher (H. Jon Benjamin) firing his children Tina (Dan Mintz), Gene (Eugene Mirman), and Louise (Kristen Schaal) from the family restaurant for the summer, not wanting to deprive them of normal childhood experiences as his own father did. However, when the children grow bored of summer activities, they seek employment at a local farm, which unbeknownst to them grows marijuana. The episode also sees the return", "title": "Bob Fires the Kids" }, { "id": "19029433", "text": "and was watched by a total of 2.64 million people. Sacred Couch \"Sacred Couch\" is the ninth episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 97th episode, and is written by Greg Thompson and directed by Brian Loschiavo. It aired on Fox in the United States on March 6, 2016. In the episode, Linda tries to convince the Belchers to not replace their old couch with a new one, and Louise decides to take matters into her own hands. A hit is ordered on the family sofa when Bob and Louise lose the", "title": "Sacred Couch" }, { "id": "17183865", "text": "It Snakes a Village \"It Snakes a Village\" is the 18th episode of the third season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 40th episode. The episode was written by Kit Boss and directed by Jennifer Coyle. It aired on Fox in the United States on March 24, 2013. While the restaurant and the house are being fumigated, the Belchers decide to visit Linda's parents retirement community in Florida. Much to the kids' dismay, the retirement community pool is closed for cleaning and they have to find new ways to entertain themselves. Linda discovers that the community", "title": "It Snakes a Village" }, { "id": "8236723", "text": "Amy Carlson Amy Lynn Carlson (born July 7, 1968) is an American television actress, known for her roles as Linda Reagan in the CBS police procedural \"Blue Bloods\", as Alex Taylor on the NBC drama \"Third Watch\", and Josie Watts in the NBC daytime soap opera \"Another World\". Carlson was born in Glen Ellyn, Illinois. When Carlson was 13, her family (consisting of her parents, three siblings and her) moved for a year to Amman, Jordan, where her parents had been hired to teach at the American Community School. After returning to the United States, Carlson attended Knox College in", "title": "Amy Carlson" }, { "id": "17517518", "text": "Purple Rain-Union \"Purple Rain-Union\" is the sixth episode of the fourth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 51st episode, and is written by Loren Bouchard and Nora Smith and directed by Tyree Dillihay. It aired on Fox in the United States on December 1, 2013. The title of the episode is a reference to the song, film, and album \"Purple Rain\" by Prince. Linda's high school reunion is coming up, and the planner has asked her and her high school band, The Tatas, to play. Linda refuses because the group's debut performance at the talent", "title": "Purple Rain-Union" }, { "id": "7968581", "text": "Canadian Comedy Awards nominated her for Best Performance by a Female in TV for \"Less Than Kind\". Jennifer Irwin Jennifer Irwin (born June 17, 1968) is a Canadian actress best known for her roles as Linda on \"Still Standing\" and as Maria Ganitisis in the comedy \"Superstar\". Irwin is a 1990 graduate of McGill University in Montreal, Quebec. She worked with The Second City in the mid-1990s, and starred in the HBO series \"Eastbound & Down\". She played Carol in Kerri Kenney-Silver's \"Dame Delilah\" web series. At the 6th Annual Canadian Comedy Awards (2005) she was nominated for Pretty Funny", "title": "Jennifer Irwin" }, { "id": "19806663", "text": "Even when there was an episode actually called “Bad Tina,” the eldest Belcher child had her heart in the right place whenever Tammy wasn’t forcing her otherwise, give or take an occasional snide side comment to Linda.\" Teen-a Witch \"Teen-a Witch\" is the third episode of the seventh season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the 110th episode overall. It was directed by Chris Song and written by Holly Schlesinger. Its guest stars are Betsy Sodaro as Jackie the crossing guard, Billy Eichner as Mr. Ambrose, Kevin Kline as Calvin Fischoeder, Jay Johnston as Jimmy Pesto, David", "title": "Teen-a Witch" }, { "id": "983499", "text": "of Allison \"Allie\" Lowell. Curtin later starred in the hit series \"3rd Rock from the Sun\" (1996–2001), playing the role of Dr. Mary Albright. Curtin has also appeared in many movie roles, including Charlene in \"The Librarian\" series of movies (2004–2008). She also reprised one of her \"Saturday Night Live\" characters, Prymaat (Clorhone) Conehead, in the 1993 film \"Coneheads\". Curtin was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the daughter of Mary Constance (née Farrell) and John Joseph Curtin, who owned an insurance agency. She grew up in Wellesley, Massachusetts, and graduated from Convent of the Sacred Heart, Newton Country Day, in Newton", "title": "Jane Curtin" }, { "id": "14573519", "text": "the Belcher family lives. The restaurant is sandwiched between two other commercial buildings, one of which houses \"It's Your Funeral Home and Crematorium\", whose owner Mort is a regular at the restaurant. One of the show's running gags involves the other building, which is generally vacant during episodes but has been home to such businesses as \"Uncle Marty's Breast Pumps\", \"Extra Moist Yoga\", \"That's a-Door-a-Bell Doorbells\", and \"Tire-Rhea\". Success is not easy, as Bob must compete with several other eateries for business. His biggest rival is Jimmy Pesto, who owns an Italian restaurant called “Jimmy Pesto’s Pizzeria”, which is located", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "8236726", "text": "on October 4,2006; her son, born on August 27, 2009; and her long-time partner Syd Butler, bass guitar player of the 8G Band on \"Late Night with Seth Meyers\", and of indie rock band Les Savy Fav and owner of the independent label Frenchkiss Records. Amy Carlson Amy Lynn Carlson (born July 7, 1968) is an American television actress, known for her roles as Linda Reagan in the CBS police procedural \"Blue Bloods\", as Alex Taylor on the NBC drama \"Third Watch\", and Josie Watts in the NBC daytime soap opera \"Another World\". Carlson was born in Glen Ellyn, Illinois.", "title": "Amy Carlson" }, { "id": "15534404", "text": "\"The Simpsons\" at 8:00 p.m., and was watched by 9.41 million viewers, making it the highest-rated new series premiere of the season. The season received mixed reviews from television commentators, particularly \"Torpedo\", \"Spaghetti Western and Meatballs\" and \"Art Crawl\", however some critics disliked the themes of the episodes. The Volume One DVD box set, including all 13 episodes and the initial pilot developed for 2010 airing, was released in Region 1 on April 17, 2012. It has not been released in other regions. Loren Bouchard conceived the idea for \"Bob's Burgers\" after developing \"Home Movies\" for UPN. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Bob's Burgers", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 1)" }, { "id": "14573540", "text": "re-branded as \"Bob's Burgers\" for the day as a promotion. It also offered limited-time offers, such as a free burger giveaway, and a special, \"The Thanks a Brunch Burger\", on the menu until February 2011. There were also \"Bob's Burgers\" coupons offered for a free medium Fatburger special. Across the US, four locations were re-branded as \"Bob's Burgers\": in California, New Jersey, Nevada, and Illinois. At least one restaurant location in California continues to use the \"Bob's Burgers\" appellation into 2016. In the \"Family Guy\" episode \"Space Cadet\", the principal shows Peter and Lois a picture of Bob Belcher as", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "5212495", "text": "Eugene Mirman Eugene Boris Mirman (born July 24, 1974) is a Russian-born American comedian and writer known for playing Yvgeny Mirminsky on \"Delocated\" and voicing Gene Belcher on the animated comedy \"Bob's Burgers\". Mirman was born in Moscow, to Jewish parents. His family emigrated to the United States when he was four and a half years old. Mirman attended William Diamond Middle School and Lexington High School in Lexington, Massachusetts, and Hampshire College in Western Massachusetts. As part of the college's \"choose your own major\" program, Mirman graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in comedy, with a one-hour routine as", "title": "Eugene Mirman" }, { "id": "17023304", "text": "This made it the third most watched show on Animation Domination that night, beating \"American Dad!\", but losing to \"Family Guy\" and \"The Simpsons\" with 8.97 million. Mother Daughter Laser Razor \"Mother Daughter Laser Razor\" is the tenth episode of the third season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 32nd episode, and is written by Nora Smith and directed by Jennifer Coyle. It aired on Fox in the United States on January 6, 2013. After washing the dishes, Linda then sets up and prepares for a Family Game Night. The Family Game Night at the Belcher's", "title": "Mother Daughter Laser Razor" }, { "id": "17517497", "text": "Fort Night \"Fort Night\" is the second episode of the fourth season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". The episode, written by Mike Olsen, is the series' second Halloween special, and features guest appearances from comedians Aziz Ansari and Molly Shannon. Its plot centers around the Belcher siblings – Tina (Dan Mintz), Gene (Eugene Mirman), and Louise (Kristen Schaal) – getting trapped in their makeshift fort on Halloween with their friends Darryl (Ansari), Andy (Laura Silverman), and Ollie (Sarah Silverman), all the while being tormented by Millie (Shannon), a psychotic classmate of Louise's who refuses to send any", "title": "Fort Night" }, { "id": "4706311", "text": "David Herman David Herman (born February 20, 1967) is an American actor, comedian and voice actor. He was an original cast member of \"MADtv\" and played Michael Bolton in \"Office Space\". His voice roles on television series include \"Futurama\", \"Bob's Burgers\" and \"King of the Hill\". Herman was born into a Jewish family in New York City and raised in Washington Heights, Manhattan. He graduated from the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts in 1987, then attended the acting program at SUNY Purchase. Herman appeared in the films \"Born on the Fourth of July\",", "title": "David Herman" }, { "id": "17292104", "text": "The episode received a 1.6 rating and was watched by a total of 3.38 million people. This made it the fourth most watched show on Animation Domination that night, beating \"The Cleveland Show\" but losing to \"Family Guy\" with 4.82 million. The Unnatural (Bob's Burgers) \"The Unnatural\" is the 23rd episode and season finale of the third season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 45th episode, and is written by Greg Thompson and directed by Wes Archer. It aired on Fox in the United States on May 12, 2013. Linda and Gene are excitedly showing off", "title": "The Unnatural (Bob's Burgers)" }, { "id": "19806656", "text": "Teen-a Witch \"Teen-a Witch\" is the third episode of the seventh season of the American animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the 110th episode overall. It was directed by Chris Song and written by Holly Schlesinger. Its guest stars are Betsy Sodaro as Jackie the crossing guard, Billy Eichner as Mr. Ambrose, Kevin Kline as Calvin Fischoeder, Jay Johnston as Jimmy Pesto, David Herman as Mr. Frond, Jenny Slate as Tammy Larsen and Bobby Tisdale as Zeke. It originally aired in the United States on Fox Network on October 23, 2016. In this Halloween episode, Tina Belcher thinks that she", "title": "Teen-a Witch" }, { "id": "3216284", "text": "to low ratings after airing just five out of seven episodes produced. Mullally co-starred in 2010 as Lydia on the Starz ensemble series \"Party Down\". Mullally co-starred as \"Chief\" on the Adult Swim series \"Childrens Hospital\". In 2011, Mullally began a recurring role as Dana Hartz, the mother of Penny (Casey Wilson), on the ABC sitcom \"Happy Endings\". In the following months, Fox announced Mullally would join the series \"Breaking In\" when the show returned for a second season on March 6, 2012. Also in 2012, Mullally joined the first season of \"Bob's Burgers\" as Aunt Gayle. She would reprise", "title": "Megan Mullally" }, { "id": "17231580", "text": "the failures become so predictable. The Belchers may deserve fame, and fame could even be good for them in their world, but it's best for us viewers in our world that they stay unrecognized in theirs.\" The episode received a 1.6 rating and was watched by a total of 3.45 million people. This made it the fourth most watched show on Animation Domination that night, beating \"The Cleveland Show\" but losing to \"Family Guy\". Family Fracas \"Family Fracas\" is the 19th episode of the third season–and the 41st episode overall–of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\". It was written by", "title": "Family Fracas" }, { "id": "19029438", "text": "Nice-Capades \"Nice-Capades\" is the fifth episode of the sixth season of the American comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the 93rd episode overall. It was written by Dan Fybel and directed by Chris Song. Guest starring are Kevin Kline as Calvin Fischoeder, Zach Galifianakis as his brother Felix Fischoeder, Henry Winkler as a mall Santa and Jessica Lowe who voices an elf. It first aired in the United States on Fox Network on November 15, 2015. In this Christmas episode, the siblings Tina, Gene and Louise Belcher try to prove that they are good kids by performing an ice capades show", "title": "Nice-Capades" }, { "id": "19029434", "text": "Stand by Gene \"Stand by Gene\" is the 12th episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 100th episode, and is written by Jon Schroeder and directed by Tyree Dillihay. It aired on Fox in the United States on April 3, 2016. In the episode. Gene, Louise, Tina, and their friends go on a journey to look for a mythical creature that supposedly lives nearby. Meanwhile, during downtime at the restaurant, Linda's competitive nature sends her into overdrive. To thine own self be Bleu... Linda's skill at hoops turns Bob, Teddy, Mailman Mike", "title": "Stand by Gene" }, { "id": "15534409", "text": "by \"Family Guy\" at 9:00 p.m. Most of the episodes that are part of this season are rated TV-14 on television in the United States. The season finale, \"Beefsquatch\", obtained 3.57 million viewers in the United States. Despite its middling ratings, \"Bob's Burgers\" was renewed for a third season, on May 14, 2012, alongside the cancellation of \"Napoleon Dynamite\". The second season of \"Bob's Burgers\" was well received by television critics, particularly \"Moody Foodie\", \"Burgerboss\", and \"Bob Day Afternoon\". It received a \"78 out of 100\" on aggregate site Metacritic. Rowan Kaiser of \"The A.V. Club\" claimed that \"after an", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 2)" }, { "id": "14573531", "text": "seasons, it is explained by show creator and theme composer Loren Bouchard that the ukulele track heard in the theme is an edited version of the first recording he did as well as the first take in 2008. Bouchard explains that if the EQ is taken off the original track, there is noise audible from the nightclub below the apartment he was living in when he recorded the theme. The credits sequence of \"Bob's Burgers\" often features the Belcher family at work. The scene is the kitchen of Bob's Burgers drawn with a black outline over a white background and", "title": "Bob's Burgers" }, { "id": "15534406", "text": "family that run a hamburger restaurant, entitled Bob's Burgers. FOX renewed the show for a second production cycle consisting of thirteen episodes on April 7, 2011, and picked up the back nine on October 31, 2011, bringing the cycle to a total of 22 episodes. Only nine of the episodes aired during the second season, with the remaining 13 episodes being held for the third season of the show. Like the previous season, the second season aired in the competitive timeslot at 8:30 p.m. on Sundays. The season premiere, \"The Belchies\", obtained 4.04 million viewers in the United States. The", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 2)" }, { "id": "19806623", "text": "and was watched by a total of 2.31 million people. Bye Bye Boo Boo \"Bye Bye Boo Boo\" is the 16th episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 104th episode, and is written by Scott Jacobson and directed by Tyree Dillihay. It aired on Fox in the United States on May 8, 2016. In the episode, after hearing that Boo Boo is leaving Boyz 4 Now, Louise enters a contest that could finally give Tina a chance to meet him. Meanwhile, Bob and Linda learn about a mobster who got shot in", "title": "Bye Bye Boo Boo" }, { "id": "16477688", "text": "Dr. Yap \"Dr. Yap\" is the sixth episode of the second season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 19th episode, and is written by Steven Davis and Kelvin Yu and directed by Anthony Chun. It aired on Fox in the United States on April 29, 2012. Linda's sister Gayle unexpectedly shows up at the restaurant, on new medication and in high spirits. She intends to stay for a few days on the first stop of her \"Eat Pray Love\" tour of the world. Her gift of a jawbreaker to Gene inspires jealousy in Louise, who challenges", "title": "Dr. Yap" }, { "id": "19806593", "text": "The Gene and Courtney Show \"The Gene and Courtney Show\" is the seventh episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 95th episode, and is written by Rich Rinaldi and directed by Chris Song and Bernard Derriman. It aired on Fox in the United States on February 14, 2016. In the episode, Gene and Courtney are asked to host the morning announcements, but their romantic history threatens to get in the way of their big break. Meanwhile, Tina's attempt to play Cupid at the Valentine's Day carnation fundraiser goes tragically awry. The Belchers", "title": "The Gene and Courtney Show" }, { "id": "16517842", "text": "Bob's Burgers (season 3) The third season of the animated sitcom \"Bob's Burgers\" began airing on Fox in the United States on September 30, 2012, and concluded on May 12, 2013. On May 14, 2012, Fox renewed \"Bob's Burgers\" for a third production cycle consisting of 13 episodes. On August 23, 2012, six additional scripts were ordered. The third season consisted of the 13 episodes from the second production cycle that did not air during the second season, and also included episodes from the third cycle. This season featured guest stars such as Thomas Lennon, Jon Hamm, Zach Galifianakis, Jeffrey", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 3)" }, { "id": "9648223", "text": "called \"Musicana\". Betsy eventually found herself in Detroit, where she honed her craft in television, radio voice-overs and industrial films. Baker landed the role of Linda in the film \"The Evil Dead\" after she came to Sam Raimi's attention in Detroit. After a lengthy hiatus, in which she focused on being a mother, Baker resumed her acting career in 2006. Her most recent movie is \"Lake Eerie\" released in 2016. Betsy Baker Betsy Baker (born May 8, 1955) is an American actress, best known as playing Linda in the film \"The Evil Dead\" (1981). Baker was born in Cedar Rapids,", "title": "Betsy Baker" }, { "id": "15534408", "text": "becoming one of television’s best comedies!\" On May 7, 2013, Amazon.com released the season for purchase on \"Burn-On-Demand DVD-R. The sole bonus feature is a table read of the season 3 episode An Indecent Thanksgiving Proposal. The second season of \"Bob's Burgers\" originally premiered on March 11, 2012 in the United States on the Fox network between 8:30 p.m. and 9:00 p.m., with \"The Belchies\", and obtained 4.04 million viewers in the United States. They are all of episodes which are part of Fox's \"Animation Domination\" television block. It was preceded by \"The Simpsons\" at 8:00 p.m., and was followed", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 2)" }, { "id": "17275962", "text": "end with a Louise-bonding-with-another-Belcher moment that showcases her reluctant sweetness (and to be honest, the episode as a whole had many fewer laughs than \"Boyz 4 Now\") but I’ll take it.\" The episode received a 1.7 rating and was watched by a total of 3.96 million people. This made it the fourth most watched show on Animation Domination that night, losing to \"American Dad!\" with 5.00 million. Carpe Museum \"Carpe Museum\" is the 22nd episode of the third season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 44th episode, and is written by Jon Schroeder and directed by", "title": "Carpe Museum" } ]	who plays linda belcher on bob's burgers
[ "Intermediate courts", "Inferior courts", "Apex court", "Superior courts", "Quasi-judicial tribunals" ]	[ { "id": "5025259", "text": "Judiciary of Australia The judiciary of Australia comprises judges who sit in federal courts and courts of the States and Territories of Australia. The High Court of Australia sits at the apex of the Australian court hierarchy as the ultimate court of appeal on matters of both federal and State law. The large number of courts in Australia have different procedural powers and characteristics, different jurisdictional limits, different remedial powers and different cost structures. Under the Australian Constitution, federal judicial power is vested in the High Court of Australia and such other federal courts as may be created by the", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5025278", "text": "act pursuant to some form of devolved legislation; such as Environmental Regulations or Rental Tenancy Regulations. A table of the Court hierarchy and Civil and Administrative Tribunals of the Australian States and Territories follows here: Judiciary of Australia The judiciary of Australia comprises judges who sit in federal courts and courts of the States and Territories of Australia. The High Court of Australia sits at the apex of the Australian court hierarchy as the ultimate court of appeal on matters of both federal and State law. The large number of courts in Australia have different procedural powers and characteristics, different", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5197205", "text": "Law of Australia The law of Australia comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law. These include the Australian Constitution, legislation enacted by the Federal Parliament and the parliaments of the States and territories of Australia, regulations promulgated by the Executive, and the common law of Australia arising from the decisions of judges. The Australian Constitution is the legal foundation of the Commonwealth of Australia and sets out a federal system of government, dividing power between the federal Government and the States and territories, each of which are separate jurisdictions and have their own system of courts and", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "2096920", "text": "first members were appointed under, the Judiciary Act 1903. It now operates under sections 71 to 75 of the Constitution, the \"Judiciary Act\", and the \"High Court of Australia Act\" 1979. It is composed of seven Justices: the Chief Justice of Australia, currently Susan Kiefel, and six other Justices. They are appointed by the Governor-General of Australia on the advice of the federal government, and under the constitution must retire at age 70. The High Court has had a permanent home in Canberra since 1979. The majority of its sittings are held in the High Court building, which is situated", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "5025269", "text": "was created by the Federal Court of Australia Act in 1976. Decisions of the High Court are binding on the Federal Court. There is an appeal level of the Federal Court (the \"Full Court\" of the Federal Court), which consists of several judges, usually three but occasionally five in very significant cases. The Family Court has jurisdiction over family law matters. It is a superior court of limited jurisdiction and was established in 1975 by the Family Law Act 1975 by the federal parliament. The Commonwealth has power over marriage and divorce under the Constitution. In the 1990s the states", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5025266", "text": "71 of the Constitution. It has appellate jurisdiction over all other courts. It also has some original jurisdiction, and has the power of constitutional review. The High Court of Australia is the superior court to all federal courts, and is also the final route of appeal from all state superior courts. Appeals to the High Court are by special leave only, which is rarely granted. Therefore, for most cases, the appellate divisions of the Supreme Courts of each state and territory and the Federal Court are the ultimate appellate courts. The Full Court of the High Court is the ultimate", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5025265", "text": "court' (or 'superior court of record'). In many respects Australian superior courts are similar to the Senior Courts of England and Wales. In Australia, superior courts generally: Inferior courts are those beneath superior courts in the appellate hierarchy, and are generally seen to include the Magistrates and District (or County) Court of each State as well as the Federal Circuit Court. Inferior courts are typically characterised by: These courts among them have jurisdiction over Commonwealth law, that is, law made by the Federal parliament of Australia. The High Court is the highest court in Australia. It was created by section", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5025277", "text": "As these territories have very small populations, the courts only sit from time to time as needed. The three external territories are Norfolk Island, Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands. The remaining external territories (including Antarctica) do not have permanent courts. In the event of a case arising from these territories, the courts of the ACT have jurisdiction. All the States and Territories, with the exception of Tasmania, have a Civil and Administrative Tribunal. These hear cases relating to lesser State or Territory administrative disputes (involving some individual, business or government body). These commonly involve actions by persons bound to", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "7570241", "text": "Justice of Australia, presently The Hon. Susan Kiefel AC, and six other Justices. The state supreme courts are also considered to be superior courts, those with unlimited jurisdiction to hear disputes and which are the pinnacle of the court hierarchy within their jurisdictions. They were created by means of the constitutions of their respective states or the Self Government Acts for the ACT and the Northern Territory. Appeals may be made from state supreme courts to the High Court of Australia. Inferior Courts are secondary to Superior Courts. Their existence stems from legislation and they only have the power to", "title": "Politics of Australia" }, { "id": "5025275", "text": "jurisdiction,\" which enables them to hear all legal issues arising from a single set of facts. This enables all courts to deal with virtually all issues arising from the facts of a case, provided that the particular court has jurisdiction to hear the principal cause of action. Most of the states have two further levels of courts, which are comparable across the country. The district court (or county court in Victoria) handles most criminal trials for less serious indictable offences, and most civil matters below a threshold (usually around $1 million). The magistrates court (or local court) handles summary matters", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5025273", "text": "court, thereby freeing up workload so the Federal Court of Australia and the Family Court of Australia can hear more complicated cases. This court also hears appeals from various federal tribunals. Each state and territory has a court hierarchy of its own, with the jurisdictions of each court varying from state to state and territory to territory. However, all states and territories have a Supreme Court, which is a superior court of record and is the highest court within that state or territory. These courts also have appeal divisions, known as the Full Court or Court of Appeal of the", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5025260", "text": "federal Parliament. These courts include the Federal Court of Australia, the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, and the Family Court of Australia. Federal jurisdiction can also be vested in State courts. The Supreme Courts of the states and territories are superior courts of record with general and unlimited jurisdiction within their own state or territory. They can try any justiciable dispute, whether it be for money or not, and whether it be for $1 or $1 billion. Like the Supreme Courts, the Family Court and Federal Court are superior courts of record, which means that they have certain inherent procedural", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5197210", "text": "had been established through Acts of the British Parliament. The \"New South Wales Act\" 1823 provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court with the power to deal with all criminal and civil matters \"as fully and amply as Her Majesty's Court of King's Bench, Common Pleas and Exchequer at Westminster\". Inferior courts were also established, including courts of General or Quarter Sessions, and Courts of Requests. Representative government emerged in the 1840s and 1850s, and a considerable measure of autonomy was given to local legislatures in the second half of the nineteenth century. Colonial Parliaments introduced certain reforms such", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "5197227", "text": "ensure a treaty is honoured. The main substantive areas of law in Australia include: The Australian Law Reform Commission investigates suggestions for reform raised by attorneys-general and in some jurisdictions, by members of the public. Law of Australia The law of Australia comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law. These include the Australian Constitution, legislation enacted by the Federal Parliament and the parliaments of the States and territories of Australia, regulations promulgated by the Executive, and the common law of Australia arising from the decisions of judges. The Australian Constitution is the legal foundation of the Commonwealth", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "2096919", "text": "High Court of Australia The High Court of Australia is the supreme court in the Australian court hierarchy and the final court of appeal in Australia. It has both original and appellate jurisdiction, the power of judicial review over laws passed by the Parliament of Australia and the parliaments of the states, and the ability to interpret the Constitution of Australia and thereby shape the development of federalism in Australia. The High Court is mandated by section 71 of the Constitution, which vests in it the judicial power of the Commonwealth of Australia. The Court was constituted by, and its", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "7570240", "text": "politics. The High Court of Australia is the supreme court in the Australian court hierarchy and the final court of appeal in Australia. It has both original and appellate jurisdiction, has the power of judicial review over laws passed by the Parliament of Australia and the parliaments of the States, and interprets the Constitution of Australia. The High Court is mandated by section 71 of the Constitution, which vests in it the judicial power of the Commonwealth of Australia. The High Court was constituted by the Judiciary Act 1903 (Cth). The High Court is composed of seven Justices: the Chief", "title": "Politics of Australia" }, { "id": "7554523", "text": "Federal Court of Australia The Federal Court of Australia is an Australian superior court of record which has jurisdiction to deal with most civil disputes governed by federal law (with the exception of family law matters), along with some summary (less serious) criminal matters. Cases are heard at first instance by single Judges. The Court includes an appeal division referred to as the Full Court comprising three Judges, the only avenue of appeal from which lies to the High Court of Australia. In the Australian court hierarchy, the Federal Court occupies a position equivalent to the Supreme Courts of each", "title": "Federal Court of Australia" }, { "id": "5197207", "text": "Australia is the highest court in Australia, and hears appeals from federal and State courts on matters of both federal and State law. Unlike the United States, there is only one common law of Australia rather than common laws for each of the several jurisdictions of the states and territories. The legal institutions and traditions of Australian law are monocultural in character, reflecting its English origins. When the British arrived in Australia, they considered the continent to be \"terra nullius\", or land belonging to no-one, on the basis that the Aboriginal peoples already inhabiting the continent were too primitive to", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "5025276", "text": "and smaller civil matters. In jurisdictions without district or county courts, most of those matters are dealt with by the supreme courts. In Tasmania and the two mainland territories, however, there is only a Magistrates Court below the Supreme Court. In the three external territories (that is, territories not directly forming part of the Commonwealth of Australia but administered by the Commonwealth) there is a supreme court and a magistrates court or court of petty sessions. The supreme courts are staffed by judges of other courts, usually the Federal Court. Appeals from those courts lie to the full Federal Court.", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "7554524", "text": "of the states and territories. In relation to the other Courts in the federal stream, it is equal to the Family Court of Australia, and superior to the Federal Circuit Court. It was established in 1976 by the Federal Court of Australia Act. The Chief Justice of the Federal Court is James Allsop. The Federal Court has no inherent jurisdiction. Its jurisdiction flows from statute. The Court's original jurisdiction include matters arising from Commonwealth legislation such as, for example, matters relating to taxation, trade practices, native title, intellectual property, industrial relations, corporations, immigration and bankruptcy. The Federal Court of Australia", "title": "Federal Court of Australia" }, { "id": "5025263", "text": "judges have previously practised as a barrister. Federal judges may only serve until age 70. There is no constitutional limit on the length of service of State court judges, but State laws usually fix a retirement age. For example, in New South Wales, judges must retire at age 72, though they can remain as \"acting judges\" until age 76. The hierarchy consists of a variety of courts and tribunals at both the federal and state and territory levels, with the High Court being the highest court in the Australian judicial system. A single body of Australian common law is applied", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "4177612", "text": "courts created by the Federal Parliament, including the Federal Court of Australia, the Family Court of Australia, and the Federal Circuit Court of Australia. Additionally, unlike in the United States, the federal legislature has the power to enact laws which vest federal jurisdiction in State courts. Since the Australian Constitution requires a separation of powers at the federal level, only courts may exercise federal judicial power; and conversely, non-judicial functions cannot be vested in courts. State judicial power is exercised by each State's Supreme Court, and such other courts and tribunals created by the State Parliaments. The High Court is", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "id": "6916498", "text": "certificate \"has long since been spent\" and is \"obsolete\". In 1986, with the passing of the Australia Act by both the UK Parliament and the Parliament of Australia (with the request and consent of the Australian States), appeals to the Privy Council from State Supreme Courts were closed off, leaving the High Court as the only avenue of appeal. Chapter III Court In Australian constitutional law, Chapter III Courts are courts of law which are a part of the Australian federal judiciary and thus are able to discharge Commonwealth judicial power. They are so named because the prescribed features of", "title": "Chapter III Court" }, { "id": "5197218", "text": "determine disputes about whether a law is within power and consistent with the Constitution. Chapter III of the Constitution required the creation of the High Court of Australia, and confers power to establish other federal courts and to vest federal jurisdiction in State courts. Australian courts could permit an appeal to the Privy Council on constitutional matters. The right of appeal from the High Court to the Privy Council was only abolished in 1975, and from State courts in 1986. Australia does not have a constitutional bill of rights and there are few express rights guaranteed by the Constitution. However,", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "5025268", "text": "the Constitution; however, the High Court has indicated it will not grant such leave in the future. The Federal Court primarily hears matters relating to corporations, trade practices, industrial relations, bankruptcy, customs, immigration and other areas of federal law. The court has original jurisdiction in these areas, and also has the power to hear appeals from a number of tribunals and other bodies (and, in cases not involving family law, from the Federal Circuit Court of Australia.) The court is a superior court of limited jurisdiction, but below the High Court of Australia in the hierarchy of federal courts, and", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5025264", "text": "in the various Australian courts, and ultimately determined by the High Court now that appeals to the (British) Judicial Committee of the Privy Council have been abolished. The High Court has described the concept of a superior court (and associated 'notions derived from the position of pre-Judicature common law courts') as having 'no ready application in Australia to federal courts.' Despite this, Australian courts are frequently characterised as either 'superior' or 'inferior.' The Federal Court and the Supreme Courts of each State and Territory are generally considered to be superior courts. There is no single definition of the term 'superior", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "8631104", "text": "Federal Circuit Court of Australia The Federal Circuit Court of Australia, formerly known as the Federal Magistrates Court of Australia, is an Australian court with jurisdiction over matters broadly relating to family law and child support, administrative law, admiralty law, bankruptcy, copyright, human rights, industrial law, migration, privacy and trade practices. The Court was created to deal with the increasing workload of the Federal Court of Australia and the Family Court of Australia, by hearing less complex cases for them and freeing those Courts to deal only with more complex cases. The Federal Circuit Court deals with approximately 95% of", "title": "Federal Circuit Court of Australia" }, { "id": "12248661", "text": "armed forces rests with the government. Chapter III sets up the judicial branch of government; its provisions create the federal judicature and define the way it operates. Section 71 vests judicial power in a \"Federal Supreme Court\" to be called the High Court of Australia, and such other federal courts as Parliament creates, and in such other courts as Parliament invests with federal jurisdiction. Such courts are called \"Chapter III Courts\" and are the only courts that can exercise federal judicial power. Sections 73 and 75–78 outline the original and appellate jurisdiction of the High Court. Section 74 provides for", "title": "Constitution of Australia" }, { "id": "5025271", "text": "as for the Federal Court. Appeals from the Family Court are heard by the \"Full Court\" of the Family Court (three to five judges). Appeals from the Full Court lie to the High Court of Australia, though special leave is required. A single judge of the Family Court may hear appeals in family law matters from the Federal Circuit Court of Australia. Appeals from the Federal Circuit Court must go to either of these courts (Federal Court or Family Court), dependent on the area of law. Decisions of the Full Court of the Federal and Family Courts are binding on", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5197206", "text": "parliaments. The constitutional framework of Australia is a combination of elements of the Westminster and United States systems of government. The federal legislature has the power to pass laws with respect to a number of express areas, which apply to the whole of Australia and override any State laws to the extent of any inconsistency. However, beyond those express areas the States legislatures generally have plenary power to enact laws on any subject. At both the federal and State levels, the substantive law of Australia is largely derived from the common law system of English law. The High Court of", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "4177613", "text": "the final court of appeal in Australia and has the jurisdiction to hear appeals on matters of both federal and state law. It has both original and appellate jurisdiction, the power of judicial review over laws passed by federal and State parliaments, and has jurisdiction to interpret the Constitution of Australia. Unlike in the United States, there is only one common law of Australia, rather than separate common laws for each State. The following corporations are prescribed by Acts of Parliament: The following corporate Commonwealth entities are prescribed as Government Business Enterprises (GBEs) by section 5(1) of the Public Governance,", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "id": "6787890", "text": "the New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal was established in 2014. It replaced the Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, previously established in 1998, alongside 21 other tribunals. The State Administrative Tribunal of Western Australia was established in 2004. The Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal was established in 2009. The South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal was established in 2015. In South Australia and Tasmania, some of the functions of the tribunals are performed by the courts. Both at Commonwealth level and in every State, there is an office of Ombudsman, with wide power to investigate action that", "title": "Australian administrative law" }, { "id": "2097011", "text": "Law Reports\" for their first 100 volumes (1903 to 1959); there are also facsimiles of some unreported judgments (1906-2002). Since October 2013, audio-visual recordings of full-court hearings held in Canberra have been available on its website. High Court of Australia The High Court of Australia is the supreme court in the Australian court hierarchy and the final court of appeal in Australia. It has both original and appellate jurisdiction, the power of judicial review over laws passed by the Parliament of Australia and the parliaments of the states, and the ability to interpret the Constitution of Australia and thereby shape", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "4177611", "text": "election and he chose the ministry, as he said he would. The cabinet meets not only in Canberra but also in state capitals, most frequently Sydney and Melbourne. Kevin Rudd was in favour of the Cabinet meeting in other places, such as major regional cities. There are Commonwealth Parliament Offices in each State Capital, with those in Sydney located in Phillip Street. There are 18 departments of the Australian Government. As a federation, in Australia judicial power is exercised by both federal and state courts. Federal judicial power is vested in the High Court of Australia and such other federal", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "id": "218112", "text": "side where the offence was murder, and eight for all other cases. In 1987 this was lowered to three peremptory challenges per side, the same amount allowed in South Australia. Eight peremptory challenges are allowed for both counsels for all offences in Queensland. Victoria, Tasmania and the Northern Territory allow for six. Western Australia allows five peremptory challenges per side. In Australia majority verdicts are allowed in South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, Tasmania, the Northern Territory, New South Wales and Queensland, while the ACT require unanimous verdicts. Since 1927 South Australia has permitted majority verdicts of 11:1, and 10:1 or", "title": "Jury trial" }, { "id": "15400395", "text": "Punishment in Australia Punishment in Australia usually occurs when an individual breaks the law, and enters into the Australian criminal justice system. Australia uses prisons, as well as community corrections (various non-custodial punishments such as parole, probation, community service etc). The death penalty has been abolished, and corporal punishment is no longer used. Before the colonisation of Australia by Europeans, Indigenous Australians had their own traditional punishments, some of which are still practiced in the 21st century. Prisons in Australia are operated for the detention of minimum, medium, maximum and supermax security prisoners convicted in state and federal courts, as", "title": "Punishment in Australia" }, { "id": "13033154", "text": "Commonwealth Law Courts The Harry Gibbs Commonwealth Law Courts Building (often known simply as the Commonwealth Law Courts) contains the Queensland registries of the High Court of Australia and the Federal Court of Australia; and the Brisbane registries of the Family Court of Australia, Federal Magistrates Court of Australia and the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. It is located at 119 North Quay in the Brisbane CBD. The 13-storey building, designed by John Grealy, contains 33 courtrooms and 29 judge's chambers, as well as administration and prisoner holding facilities. The Commonwealth Law Courts' formal entrance is on North Quay, with a 25m-wide", "title": "Commonwealth Law Courts" }, { "id": "2096921", "text": "in the Parliamentary Triangle overlooking Lake Burley Griffin. With an increasing utilisation of video links, sittings are also often held in the state capitals. The High Court exercises both original jurisdiction (cases that originate in the High Court) and appellate jurisdiction (appeals made to the High Court from other courts). The High Court is the court of final appeal with the ability to interpret the common law for the whole of Australia, not just the state or territory in which the matter arose. The High Court's broad jurisdiction is similar to that of the Supreme Court of Canada and unlike", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "3758356", "text": "District court District courts are a category of courts which exists in several nations. These include: District Court is the name given to the intermediate court in most Australian States. They hear indictable (serious) criminal offences excluding treason, murder and, in some States, manslaughter. Their civil jurisdiction is also intermediate, typically being for civil disputes where the amount claimed is greater than a $75 000 but less than $750 000. The limits vary between Australian States. In Victoria, the equivalent Court is called the County Court. Below them is the Magistrates' Courts, known as the Local Court in New South", "title": "District court" }, { "id": "706062", "text": "the passing of Family Law Act 1975, under Chapter 3 of the Australian Constitution, it commenced operations on 5 January 1976. It currently comprises a Chief Justice, Deputy Chief Justice, Appeal Division judges and other judges. In July 2008, there were 44 judges (5 of whom were also Judges of the Family Court of Western Australia), 2 judicial registrars and 1 senior registrar. In December 2017 the number of judges was down to 36, including 8 Judges of the Appeals Division. The Court maintains registries in all Australian states and territories except Western Australia. The Court has had four Chief", "title": "Family Court of Australia" }, { "id": "706061", "text": "Family Court of Australia The Family Court of Australia is a superior Australian federal court of record which deals with family law matters, such as divorce applications, parenting disputes, and the division of wealth when a couple separate. Together with the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, it covers family law matters in all states and territories of Australia except for Western Australia. Its core function is to determine cases with the most complex law, facts and parties, to cover specialised areas in family law, and to provide national coverage as the national appellate court for family law matters. Established by", "title": "Family Court of Australia" }, { "id": "6787905", "text": "federal level under the \"Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act 1977\" (Cth), or under similar judicial review legislation at the State level in Victoria, Queensland, Tasmania, and the Australian Capital Territory. ' s 75(v) of the Constitution entrenches the jurisdiction of the High Court in relation to matters where mandamus, prohibition and injunction are claimed against an officer of the Commonwealth. Australian administrative law Australian administrative law defines the extent of the powers and responsibilities held by administrative agencies of Australian governments. It is basically a common law system, with an increasing statutory overlay that has shifted its focus toward codified", "title": "Australian administrative law" }, { "id": "3758369", "text": "District Courts of Appeal are intermediate appellate courts. In Texas, the Texas District Courts are trial courts of general jurisdiction, hearing all felony and divorce cases, election controversies, and many civil matters. The Hawaii State District Courts, and those in Alaska, New York, and Kentucky, to name a few, are courts of limited jurisdiction. District court District courts are a category of courts which exists in several nations. These include: District Court is the name given to the intermediate court in most Australian States. They hear indictable (serious) criminal offences excluding treason, murder and, in some States, manslaughter. Their civil", "title": "District court" }, { "id": "5025274", "text": "Supreme Court (in civil matters), or the Court of Criminal Appeal (in criminal matters.) Decisions of the High Court are binding on all Australian courts, including state and territory Supreme Courts. The state and territory courts can sometimes exercise federal jurisdiction (i.e. rule on matters subject to federal legislation.) However, an attempt by the states and the Commonwealth to pass legislation that would cross-vest state judicial powers in the Federal courts was struck down by the High Court in Re Wakim; Ex parte McNally, as being unconstitutional. Notwithstanding this failure, however, both state and federal courts can exercise an \"accrued", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "9936418", "text": "Court of Summary Jurisdiction The Court of Summary Jurisdiction is a court in the Northern Territory of Australia. It has jurisdiction to deal with criminal offences which occur in the territory. It is one of the courts that is usually referred to as a magistrates court. The court was established under the Justices Act (NT) in 1974 and replaced the courts of petty sessions commonly established in Australia since British settlement in 1788 to deal with less serious crime. Those courts followed the English tradition of justices of the peace sitting in and out of sessions in England. The court", "title": "Court of Summary Jurisdiction" }, { "id": "4177594", "text": "by the State or Territory in which they are located. Government at the Commonwealth level and the State/Territory level is undertaken by three inter-connected arms of government: The \"Separation of powers\" is the principle whereby the three arms of government undertake their activities largely separately from each other: Until the passage of the Australia Act 1986, and associated legislation in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, some Australian cases could be referred to the British Judicial Committee of the Privy Council for final appeal. With this act, Australian law was made unequivocally sovereign, and", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "id": "12248645", "text": "she acts in a distinct capacity as monarch of each. Under Australia's common law system, the High Court of Australia and the Federal Court of Australia have the authority to interpret constitutional provisions. Their decisions determine the interpretation and application of the constitution. The history of the Constitution of Australia began with moves towards federation in the 19th century, which culminated in the federation of the Australian colonies to form the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. However, the Constitution has continued to develop since then, with two laws having particularly significant impact on the constitutional status of the nation. In", "title": "Constitution of Australia" }, { "id": "8142323", "text": "standard s.79 property adjustment, has 4 steps: The Family Law Act created the Family Court of Australia, with equal status to the Federal Court of Australia, as a court of record and with both original and appellate jurisdiction. Appeals from the Full Court of the Family Court of Australia (the appellate jurisdiction) are to the High Court of Australia. In 2000, in a somewhat controversial move, the Australian government created the Federal Circuit Court of Australia as a second court to handle matters under the Family Law Act. Appeals from the Federal Circuit Court are to the Family Court of", "title": "Family Law Act 1975" }, { "id": "16749132", "text": "Kong Director of Public Prosecutions, Kevin Zervos, was made a High Court judge in 2013. Sir Anthony Mason, Murray Gleeson, James Spigelman, William Gummow are appointed to the Court of Final Appeal as non-permanent justices from other common law jurisdictions. The Australian Consulate-General represents the Australian Government in Hong Kong. Some Australian states havetrade or business offices in Hong Kong, including Queensland and Victoria. In Australia, the Hong Kong SAR is represented through the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office based in Sydney. Australia's commercial interests in Hong Kong are extensive and range from banking, accounting, legal, engineering, information technology", "title": "Australia–Hong Kong relations" }, { "id": "2097001", "text": "seats returned to seven, and since then the court has had a full complement of seven Justices. there have been 52 Justices, twelve of whom have been Chief Justice. Current Justices Susan Kiefel, Virginia Bell and Michelle Gordon are the third, fourth and fifth women to sit on the bench, after Justices Mary Gaudron and Susan Crennan. There are three women sitting concurrently on the bench, alongside four men. In 2017, Justice Kiefel became the first woman to be appointed Chief Justice. More than half of the Justices, twenty-six, have been residents of New South Wales (with twenty-four of these", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "5231344", "text": "court hierarchy it is one of eight state and territory Supreme Courts having unlimited jurisdiction in their respective parts of Australia. Whilst the Supreme Court is the highest ACT court in the Australian court hierarchy, an appeal by special leave can be made to the High Court of Australia. The Court has the jurisdictional power to hear matters that relate to the Jervis Bay Territory, the Australian Antarctic Territory and the Heard and McDonald Islands Territory, although it has never exercised that power. The court was established on 1 January 1934 by the \"Seat of Government Supreme Court Act 1933", "title": "Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory" }, { "id": "2097003", "text": "campaigner for gay and lesbian rights and was one of the participants in the first Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras in 1978. Almost all judges on the High Court have taken silk as a Queen's Counsel (QC), King's Counsel (KC) or Senior Counsel (SC) before appointment. The exceptions are: Justice Sir Hayden Starke, Justices Sir Edward McTiernan, Sir William Webb, Sir Cyril Walsh, Michael Kirby, Robert French and James Edelman. From the retirement of Ian Callinan in 2007 until the appointment of Stephen Gageler in 2012, every justice of the High Court had prior judicial experience (serving on state", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "5025272", "text": "Federal Circuit Court judges, as are decisions of these courts on appeal from a Federal Circuit Court judge. In other circumstances, decisions of a single Federal or Family Court judge are not strictly binding; however, these will usually be followed by sentencing. The Federal Circuit Court of Australia (formerly known as the Federal Magistrates Court of Australia) is an Australian court with jurisdiction over matters broadly relating to family law and child support, administrative law, admiralty law, bankruptcy, copyright, human rights, industrial law, migration, privacy and trade practices.There has been a shift recently towards having most cases held in this", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "5231343", "text": "Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory The Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory is the superior court for the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). It has unlimited jurisdiction within the territory in civil matters (although it usually only hears matters involving more than 250,000), and hears the most serious criminal matters. Criminal trials may be heard before a judge and jury, or by judge alone at the election of the accused. All matters are heard before a single judge, including appellate matters from the Magistrates Court, the Children's Court, and the ACT Civil and Administrative Tribunal. In the Australian", "title": "Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory" }, { "id": "7554525", "text": "also has appellate jurisdiction from the Federal Circuit Court of Australia on all matters, with the exception of family law, where the Family Court of Australia has appellate jurisdiction. The Court also exercises general appellate jurisdiction in criminal and civil matters on appeal from the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island; and exercises appellate jurisdiction in appeals from State Supreme Courts in some federal matters. Other federal courts and tribunals where the Court exercises appellate jurisdiction include the Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority and the Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. The jurisdiction of the Federal Court of Australia includes the", "title": "Federal Court of Australia" }, { "id": "6787889", "text": "other things, includes some decisions made by Centrelink, decisions made with regards to military or veteran compensation, and some Freedom of Information decisions. For most other decisions, a standard application fee applies of A$884, however a reduced fee of $100 is available to those eligible for concession or who are experiencing financial hardship. Some of the states and territories of Australia also have tribunals similar to the AAT. They vary in terms of the degree of formality, focus on mediation, procedure and jurisdiction. Victoria established the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal in 1998. The Administrative and Equal Opportunity Division of", "title": "Australian administrative law" }, { "id": "5231345", "text": "(Cth)\", since amended and now known as the \"Supreme Court Act 1933 (ACT)\". The first judge of the court was Lionel Lukin. The first Chief Judge was Russell Walter Fox, appointed when the office was created in 1977. It was substituted with the office of Chief Justice in 1982 and the first Chief Justice was Richard Blackburn. Pursuant to section 37E of the \"Supreme Court Act 1933 (ACT)\", the court is known as the Court of Appeal when it exercises its appellate jurisdiction under Part 2A of the Act. The courthouse includes two jury courts and in December 2013 \"The", "title": "Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory" }, { "id": "2097000", "text": "1912, an amendment to the \"Judiciary Act 1903\" expanded the bench to seven. For most of 1930 two seats were left vacant due to monetary constraints placed on the court by the Depression. The economic downturn had also led to a reduction in litigation and consequently less work for the court. After Sir Isaac Isaacs retired in 1931, his seat was left empty, and in 1933 an amendment to the \"Judiciary Act\" officially reduced the number of seats to six. However, this led to some decisions being split three-all. With the appointment of William Webb in 1946, the number of", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "2096938", "text": "of confidence in Nauru’s ability to determine its own destiny.\" Nauruan Justice Minister David Adeang cited the cost of appeals to the High Court as another reason for Nauru to establish its own Court of Appeal as the country's highest court. Under the agreement, the government of either country could end the arrangement with 90 days notice. Nauru unilaterally exercised that option on 12 December 2017 and the High Court's jurisdiction ended on 12 March 2018. However, the termination of the arrangement did not become known until after the Supreme Court had reheard the case of the protesters and again", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "6916486", "text": "Chapter III Court In Australian constitutional law, Chapter III Courts are courts of law which are a part of the Australian federal judiciary and thus are able to discharge Commonwealth judicial power. They are so named because the prescribed features of these courts are contained in Chapter III of the Australian Constitution. The doctrine of separation of powers refers to a system of government whereby three aspects of government powerlegislative power, executive power, and judicial powerare vested in separate institutions. This doctrine holds that abuse of power can be avoided by each arm of government acting as a check on", "title": "Chapter III Court" }, { "id": "5025262", "text": "courts, in a manner similar to that of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 (United Kingdom). Legal and equitable remedies may be pursued in the one action in the one court. Judges are appointed by the executive government, without intervention by the existing judiciary. Once appointed, judges have tenure and there are restrictions on their removal from office. For example, a federal judge may not be removed from office except by the Governor-General upon an address of both Houses of Parliament for proved misbehavior. Judges in Australia are appointed by the Executive government of the relevant jurisdiction, and most", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "706063", "text": "Justices to date, Elizabeth Evatt AC (1976-1988), Alastair Nicholson (1988-2004), Diana Bryant (2004-2017) and John Pascoe (Formerly Chief Judge Federal Circuit Court of Australia, appointed to current role in 2017). The position of Deputy Chief Justice has been vacant since the retirement of John Faulks on 30 October 2016. The 2008–09 federal budget provided for Family Court expenditure of $137m (including services provided free to the Federal Magistrates' Court). Commonwealth family law is dealt with by the Family Law Act 1975, the Family Law Regulations 1984 and the Marriage Act 1961. In 1986–87, the States agreed that children should be", "title": "Family Court of Australia" }, { "id": "1732836", "text": "ISO 3166-2:AU ISO 3166-2:AU is the entry for Australia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. Currently for Australia, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 6 states and 2 territories. Lesser territories that are under the administration of the commonwealth government, such as the Jervis Bay Territory, the Ashmore and Cartier Islands, and the Coral Sea Islands, are not listed. Each code consists of two parts, separated by a", "title": "ISO 3166-2:AU" }, { "id": "9936422", "text": "offender. Court of Summary Jurisdiction The Court of Summary Jurisdiction is a court in the Northern Territory of Australia. It has jurisdiction to deal with criminal offences which occur in the territory. It is one of the courts that is usually referred to as a magistrates court. The court was established under the Justices Act (NT) in 1974 and replaced the courts of petty sessions commonly established in Australia since British settlement in 1788 to deal with less serious crime. Those courts followed the English tradition of justices of the peace sitting in and out of sessions in England. The", "title": "Court of Summary Jurisdiction" }, { "id": "12346125", "text": "Supreme Court of Christmas Island The Supreme Court of Christmas Island was the highest court for Christmas Island, an external territory of Australia. The court was originally established in 1958 after sovereignty over the island was transferred from the United Kingdom to Australia. The court had jurisdiction to deal with all serious crimes and major civil claims for damages occurring on the island. The court was abolished on 10 May 2002. Judges from Australian courts were appointed to be judges of the court. Those judges would travel to the island to hear, consider and determine cases. In 1992, courts in", "title": "Supreme Court of Christmas Island" }, { "id": "8631105", "text": "migration and bankruptcy applications filed in the federal courts. Approximately 90% of the Court's workload is in the area of family law. The Court also deals with nearly 80% of all family law matters filed in the federal courts. It is also intended to replace (in part) the federal jurisdiction with which state courts have been invested under the \"Judiciary Act 1903\". The court was established on 23 December 1999 by the Australian Government as the Federal Magistrates Court of Australia, as a result of royal assent of the \"Federal Magistrates Act 1999 (Cth)\". The court is now known as", "title": "Federal Circuit Court of Australia" }, { "id": "4177595", "text": "the High Court of Australia was confirmed as the highest court of appeal. The theoretical possibility of the British Parliament enacting laws to override the Australian Constitution was also removed. The Legislature makes the laws, and supervises the activities of the other two arms with a view to changing the laws when appropriate. The Australian Parliament is bicameral, consisting of the Queen of Australia, a 76-member Senate and a 150-member House of Representatives. Twelve Senators from each state are elected for six-year terms, using proportional representation and the single transferable vote (known in Australia as \"quota-preferential voting\": see Australian electoral", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "id": "5197224", "text": "England to the present day, as case law or precedent, by judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. Unlike the United States Supreme Court, the High Court of Australia, which was established in 1903, has a general appellate jurisdiction over the State Supreme Courts. This ensures there is a single uniform Australian common law. Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords binding, and there was substantial uniformity between Australian and English common law. In 1978, the High Court declared that", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "10499488", "text": "is being considered for exclusion: Judges may face the need to weigh the probative value versus the prejudicial impact in nearly any case. A part of this is symbolized by a weighing scale and represents justice. Australian rule of evidence is a mixture of statute and common law. It has a uniform \"Evidence Act\" (UEA or the 'Act') that consists of Acts of the Commonwealth, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory, Northern Territory and Norfolk Island. The rules of evidence work to ensure that criminal trials are conducted in a manner that is fair to both parties in", "title": "Relevance (law)" }, { "id": "8631114", "text": "Federal Magistrate. They are: , the judges of the Court were: Federal Circuit Court judges are assisted by Associates and Deputy Associates, many of whom are qualified lawyers. The Court sits permanently in each state capital, although in Perth it only hears general federal law matters as the Family Court of Western Australia has sole jurisdiction over family law in that state. The Court also sits permanently in the major regional centres of Launceston, Cairns, Townsville, Parramatta and Newcastle and regularly circuits to a large number of regional cities to hear family law cases. The Court hears some applications and", "title": "Federal Circuit Court of Australia" }, { "id": "2096922", "text": "the Supreme Court of the United States which has a more limited jurisdiction. As such, the court is able to develop the common law consistently across all the states and territories. This role, alongside its role in constitutional interpretation, is one of the court's most significant. As Sir Owen Dixon said on his swearing in as Chief Justice of Australia: \"The High Court's jurisdiction is divided in its exercise between constitutional and federal cases which loom so largely in the public eye, and the great body of litigation between man and man, or even man and government, which has nothing", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "6787903", "text": "beyond the statute. An example of procedural fairness is that a defendant has a right to respond to a case being made against them. At common law, the traditional remedies are the prerogative writs, referred to as \"constitutional writs\" in the exercise of federal judicial power, — principally \"certiorari\", \"prohibition\", and \"mandamus\", and the former equitable remedies, declarations and injunctions. Certiorari is granted either on two grounds: error of law on face of the record or jurisdictional error. Certiorari can only be granted if it is \"possible to identify a decision which has a discernible or apparent legal effect upon", "title": "Australian administrative law" }, { "id": "5213801", "text": "the one court with each judge able to sit on cases in any of the courts. In 2004 the Full Court and the Court of Criminal Appeal were subsumed by the Court of Appeal, which, while still a division of the Supreme Court, has judges which sit solely on appeal cases. The Supreme Court is currently constituted by the following judicial officers (in order of seniority): The Supreme Court building has considerable heritage significance in Western Australia. In 1899, a joint parliamentary committee was formed to decide on the location of the new court building with three sites being considered.", "title": "Supreme Court of Western Australia" }, { "id": "2096927", "text": "exceptions and subject to such regulations as the Parliament prescribes\". Parliament has prescribed a large limitation in section 35A of the \"Judiciary Act 1903\". This requires \"special leave\" to appeal. Special leave is granted only where a question of law is raised that is of public importance; or involves a conflict between courts; or \"is in the interests of the administration of justice\". Therefore, while the High Court is the final court of appeal, it cannot be considered a general court of appeal. The decision as to whether to grant special leave to appeal is determined by one or more", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "706070", "text": "orders providing for the residence of a child. In December 2000, its jurisdiction was extended to encompass ‘residence’. The majority of proceedings under the \"Family Law Act\" are now filed in the FMC. In general practice, only the more complex and intractable family law cases are transferred from the Federal Magistrates' Court to the Family Court. In 2008, the federal Attorney-General announced a review of the delivery of family law services by the Family Court of Australia and the Federal Magistrates Court. A November 2008 report set out a possible framework of governance options to achieve a more integrated system", "title": "Family Court of Australia" }, { "id": "2096995", "text": "first used in relation to the appointment of Justice Wilson, and has been generally successful, despite the occasional criticism that the states merely have a consultative, rather than a determinative, role in the selection process. There are no qualifications for Justices in the Constitution (other than that they must be under the compulsory retirement age of 70). The High Court of Australia Act 1979 requires that appointees have been a judge of a federal, state or territory court, or that they have been enrolled as a legal practitioner for at least five years with either the High Court itself or", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "5213799", "text": "other bodies such as the State Administrative Tribunal. The General Division sits in the David Malcolm Justice Centre for civil proceedings and the District Court of WA Building and the original Supreme Court Building for criminal proceedings. The Court of Appeal hears both civil and criminal appeals from cases in the General Division, the District Court and the State Administrative Tribunal. It sits in the original Supreme Court Building. When required, Supreme Court judges may also constitute the Industrial Appeal Court and sit as a Court of Disputed Returns. The current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is Peter Quinlan", "title": "Supreme Court of Western Australia" }, { "id": "6916487", "text": "another. In Australia, this separation is implied in the structure of the Constitution. Chapter I outlines legislative powerthe making, altering or repealing of laws; Chapter II outlines executive powerthe general and detailed carrying on of governmental functions; Chapter III outlines judicial powerthe interpretation of law, and adjudication according to law. Federal courts must have those features contained in Chapter III of the Constitution of Australia. These features serve two purposes: firstly, they prescribe the features of any court created by the federal government; and secondly, they serve as criteria when deciding whether a body qualifies as a Chapter III Court.", "title": "Chapter III Court" }, { "id": "1732839", "text": "with alpha-2 code . ISO 3166-2:AU ISO 3166-2:AU is the entry for Australia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. Currently for Australia, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 6 states and 2 territories. Lesser territories that are under the administration of the commonwealth government, such as the Jervis Bay Territory, the Ashmore and Cartier Islands, and the Coral Sea Islands, are not listed. Each code consists of two", "title": "ISO 3166-2:AU" }, { "id": "6677602", "text": "to deal with most civil disputes governed by federal law (with the exception of family law matters), along with some summary (less serious) criminal matters. Cases are heard at first instance by single Judges. The Court includes an appeal division referred to as the Full Court comprising three Judges, the only avenue of appeal from which lies to the High Court of Australia. In the Australian court hierarchy, the Federal Court occupies a position equivalent to the Supreme Courts of each of the states and territories. In relation to the other Courts in the federal stream, it is equal to", "title": "Australian Intelligence Community" }, { "id": "12360679", "text": "number of judges mediating disputes to determine outcome. Most countries have systems of appeal courts, answering up to a supreme legal authority. In the United States, this authority is the Supreme Court; in Australia, the High Court; in the UK, the Supreme Court; in Germany, the \"Bundesverfassungsgericht\"; and in France, the \"Cour de Cassation\". For most European countries the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg can overrule national law, when EU law is relevant. The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg allows citizens of the Council of Europe member states to bring cases relating to human rights issues before", "title": "Law" }, { "id": "5025261", "text": "and contempt powers. But unlike their Supreme Court counterparts, their subject matter jurisdiction must be granted by statute. Under the doctrine of \"accrued jurisdiction\", the Federal Court can, however, rule on issues outside its explicit jurisdiction, provided that they are part of a larger matter that the court does have jurisdiction over. The High Court has limited trial powers, but very rarely exercises them. It has ample power to transfer cases started there to another, more appropriate court, so that the High Court can conserve its energies for its appellate functions. Common law and equity are administered by the same", "title": "Judiciary of Australia" }, { "id": "2096936", "text": "the first 40 years of its operation. In 2017, however, this jumped to 13 appeals, most relating to asylum seekers. Some legal commentators (including the Australian Law Reform Commission) have argued that this appellate jurisdiction sits awkwardly with the High Court's other responsibilities and should be renegotiated or repealed. Problems identified including the need to apply Nauruan law and customary practice and that the High Court need not grant leave for an appeal to be heard. Matthew Batsiua, a former Justice Minister of Nauru, has suggested that the Nauruan government was unhappy with the arrangement following an October 2017 decision", "title": "High Court of Australia" }, { "id": "3957607", "text": "traditional notions of what constitutes judicial process. The result may be a limited constitutional guarantee of due process. The judicial power of the Commonwealth is vested, in Chapter III of the Constitution, in the High Court and such other courts as the Parliament creates or invests with Federal jurisdiction. In Australian constitutional jargon, such courts are called \"Chapter III courts\". The members of Chapter III courts may not be removed except by the Governor-General on an address from both Houses of Parliament on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity; they otherwise hold office until the age of 70. In", "title": "Australian constitutional law" }, { "id": "12515940", "text": "Supreme Court of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands The Supreme Court of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands is the \"de jure\" superior court for the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, an Australian external territory. The court was originally established in 1958 after the British Government transferred sovereignty for the islands from Singapore to Australia. The court had jurisdiction to deal with all serious crimes and major civil claims for damages occurring on the Island. Judges from Australian courts were appointed to be judges of the court. Those judges would travel to the island to hear, consider and determine cases. In 1992 courts in Western", "title": "Supreme Court of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands" }, { "id": "7671890", "text": "in some jurisdictions is not named the \"Supreme Court\", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. On the other hand, in some places the court named the \"Supreme Court\" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales and Supreme Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland, which are all subordinate to higher courts of appeal. The idea of a supreme court", "title": "Supreme court" }, { "id": "8631110", "text": "the \"Bankruptcy Act 1966\", except those requiring jury trials. The vast majority of bankruptcy court cases in Australia are heard by The Federal Circuit Court (92% in 2004-5). The Court has civil jurisdiction with respect to claims under the following provisions of the \"Competition and Consumer Act 2010\" (formerly known as the \"Trade Practices Act 1974\"): The Court can provide injunctive relief and award damages of up to $750 000. The Court also has civil jurisdiction with respect to claims under the \"National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009\". There is provision in certain proceedings for a litigant to elect that", "title": "Federal Circuit Court of Australia" }, { "id": "3998907", "text": "Law enforcement in Australia Law enforcement in Australia is one of the three major components of the country's justice system, along with courts and corrections. There are law enforcement officers employed by all three levels of government – federal, state / territory, and local. Federally, the main law enforcement agency is the Australian Federal Police (AFP), which has a wide mandate to enforce Australian criminal law and protect its national interests. There are also a number of other agencies that have powers confined to specific areas, such as national security (ASIO), customs and immigration (ABF), and white-collar crime (ATO, ACCC,", "title": "Law enforcement in Australia" }, { "id": "8179629", "text": "of the Industrial Relations Court, the Environment, Resources and Development Court, the Licensing Court and the Youth Court, as well as Masters of the Supreme Court, also formally hold office as District Court Judges. They are not listed on this page (except where they have also served as a District Court Judge). The work of the Court is divided into four areas: civil, criminal, administrative and disciplinary, and criminal injuries. The District Court can hear most civil and criminal matters except for offences related to murder and treason. It also has jurisdiction over criminal injuries compensation claims. In the administrative", "title": "District Court of South Australia" }, { "id": "4009758", "text": "the Supreme Court does for the federal government. These appellate courts do not normally conduct trials or hear witnesses. These courts are Canada's equivalent of the Court of Appeal in England and the various State Supreme Courts and U.S. Courts of Appeals in the United States. Each of the above-listed appellate courts is the highest court from its respective province or territory. Each province's chief justice sits in the appellate court of that province. These courts (as listed below by province and territory in alphabetical order) exist at the provincial and territorial levels. The superior courts are the courts of", "title": "Court system of Canada" }, { "id": "5411889", "text": "the States are equally represented notwithstanding great disparities in population (s. 7); the division of senators into different cohorts on alternating electoral cycles (s. 13); the establishment of a supreme court empowered to declare actions of either level of government unconstitutional, the High Court of Australia (s. 71); and a complex two-step amending procedure (s. 128). Since federation, the balance of power between levels of government has shifted substantially from the founders' vision. The shift has transferred power from State governments to the Commonwealth government. While voters have generally rejected proposals to enhance the Commonwealth's authority through constitutional amendment, the", "title": "Federalism in Australia" }, { "id": "12346132", "text": "This all led to the unsatisfactory situation of prosecuting Australians under Singaporean law. Since 1992, courts in Western Australia have undertaken the work of the court under a service delivery arrangement with the Commonwealth Government. This was introduced at the same time as the introduction of Western Australian law to the island. The Western Australian Magistrates Court, District Court, Supreme Court, Family Court, Children's Court and Coroner's Court all provide services to the island as required. As a result, a separate superior court in the territory was no longer necessary. A proclamation issued by the Governor-General formally abolished the Court", "title": "Supreme Court of Christmas Island" }, { "id": "901177", "text": "for years in the register, the debt must be settled within thirty days after the date the County Court judgment was served (unless the judgment was later set aside). If the debt was not fully paid within the statutory period, the entry will remain for six full years. County court is the name given to the intermediate court in one Australian state, namely the County Court of Victoria (in other states and territories it is called the 'District Court'). They hear indictable (serious) criminal offences except for treason, murder, and manslaughter. Their civil jurisdiction is also intermediate, typically over civil", "title": "County court" }, { "id": "4177587", "text": "the Queen of Australia who is represented by the Governor-General of Australia, with executive powers delegated by constitutional convention to the Australian head of government, the Prime Minister of Australia. The Government of the Commonwealth of Australia is divided into the executive branch, composed of the Federal Executive Council presided by the Governor-General, which delegates powers to the Cabinet of Australia led by the Prime Minister, the legislative branch composed of the Parliament of Australia's House of Representatives and Senate, and the judicial branch composed of the High Court of Australia and federal courts. Separation of powers is implied by", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "id": "9699515", "text": "Australian Soil Classification The Australian Soil Classification is the classification system currently used to describe and classify soils in Australia. It is a general-purpose, hierarchical classification system, and consists of five categorical levels from the most general to the most specific: \"order\", \"suborder\", \"great group\", \"subgroup\", and \"family\". An interactive, online key is available. The Australian Soil Classification supersedes other classification systems previously developed for Australian soils, including the Factual Key (1960) and the Handbook of Australian Soils (1968). At the top, most general, level of the Australian Soil Classification, there are fourteen soil orders. They are: \"Anthroposols\", \"Organosols\", \"Podosols\",", "title": "Australian Soil Classification" }, { "id": "8631113", "text": "and Indigenous Affairs, the Refugee Review Tribunal and the Migration Review Tribunal. The Court does not have jurisdiction to undertake a merits review of these types of decisions. Enforcing determinations of the Privacy Commissioner and private sector adjudicators under the \"Privacy Act 1988\". In 2006 the Court was embroiled in controversy when it was revealed that Magistrate Jennifer Rimmer had plagiarised the work of her colleagues when writing decisions. The Court has a Chief Judge (known as the Chief Federal Magistrate when the Court was called the Federal Magistrates Court). Only three people have served as Chief Judge or Chief", "title": "Federal Circuit Court of Australia" }, { "id": "12248662", "text": "the circumstances in which an appeal can be made to the Queen in Council. Section 79 allows Parliament to prescribe the number of judges able to exercise federal jurisdiction and section 80 guarantees trial by jury for indictable offences against the Commonwealth. Chapter IV deals with finance and trade in the federal system. Section 81 prescribes that all Commonwealth revenue shall form the Consolidated Revenue Fund. Parliament can make laws as to the appropriations of money (Section 53). Unlike most other powers of the parliament, laws made under the appropriations power are not ordinarily susceptible to effective legal challenge. Section", "title": "Constitution of Australia" }, { "id": "16742714", "text": "South Wales commenced operation of a Youth Drug and Alcohol Court, which functions under the control of the Children's Court. It aims to provide an integrated case management approach to prevent re-offending and includes treatment and assistance with health and education needs. Established pursuant to the as a pilot project, five drug courts have been established in Queensland. The Act and regulations limit the number of people who can enter the system from each court each year. In August 2005, it was announced that the drug courts would be made permanent. To be eligible, defendants must be adults, dependent on", "title": "Drug courts in Australia" }, { "id": "5197219", "text": "certain indirect protections have been recognised by implication or as a consequence of other constitutional principles. For example, there is an implied guarantee of freedom of political communication. Additionally, rights are protected indirectly through the separation of powers, which requires courts to be sufficiently independent and impartial from the other branches of government. Human rights in Australia are generally protected through statutes and the common law. If the government agrees that the changes are worthwhile, a Bill is drafted, usually by Parliamentary Counsel. The Bill is read and debated in both houses of parliament before it is either rejected, changed,", "title": "Law of Australia" }, { "id": "5538495", "text": "tribunals can be appealed against in the District Court. The court is low in the Australian court hierarchy. The current Chief Judge of the District Court is Kevin Frederick Sleight, who has held the position since April 2015. District Court of Western Australia The District Court of Western Australia is the intermediate court in Western Australia. The Perth Registry is located at 500 Hay Street, Perth. Other registries are located at Albany, Broome, Bunbury, Busselton, Carnarvon, Derby, Esperance, Geraldton, Kalgoorlie, Karratha, Kununurra, and South Hedland. In the Criminal jurisdiction it hears serious, indictable criminal offences for which the maximum penalty", "title": "District Court of Western Australia" } ]	what are the different levels of court in australia
[ "Serratus anterior", "rhomboid major", "levator scapulae", "rhomboid minor" ]	[ { "id": "1678676", "text": "the scapula and are responsible for the internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint, along with humeral abduction. The extrinsic muscles include the biceps, triceps, and deltoid muscles and attach to the coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, and spine of the scapula. These muscles are responsible for several actions of the glenohumeral joint. The third group, which is mainly responsible for stabilization and rotation of the scapula, consists of the trapezius, serratus anterior, levator scapulae, and rhomboid muscles. These attach to the medial, superior, and inferior borders of the scapula. The", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "1678675", "text": "derived from ὦμος (ōmos), the Ancient Greek word for shoulder, and is cognate with the Latin \"(h)umerus\". The scapula forms the back of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape, placed on a posterolateral aspect of the thoracic cage. The scapula is a wide, flat bone lying on the thoracic wall that provides an attachment for three groups of muscles: intrinsic, extrinsic, and stabilising and rotating muscles. The intrinsic muscles of the scapula include the muscles of the rotator cuff—the subscapularis, teres minor, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus. These muscles attach to the surface of", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "1678683", "text": "somewhat lateralward, and gives attachment to a few fibers of the levator scapulae muscle. The inferior angle of the scapula is the lowest part of the scapula and is covered by the latissimus dorsi muscle. It moves forwards round the chest when the arm is abducted. The inferior angle is formed by the union of the medial and lateral borders of the scapula. It is thick and rough and its posterior or back surface affords attachment to the teres major and often to a few fibers of the latissimus dorsi. The anatomical plane that passes vertically through the inferior angle", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "8722636", "text": "Spine of scapula The spine of the scapula or scapular spine is a prominent plate of bone, which crosses obliquely the medial four-fifths of the scapula at its upper part, and separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa. It begins at the vertical [vertebral or medial border] border by a smooth, triangular area over which the tendon of insertion of the lower part of the Trapezius glides, and, gradually becoming more elevated, ends in the acromion, which overhangs the shoulder-joint. The spine is triangular, and flattened from above downward, its apex being directed toward the vertebral border. The \"root of", "title": "Spine of scapula" }, { "id": "1678706", "text": "the scapula (shoulder blade) and the coracoid, both of which directly articulated with the clavicle. The clavicle was present in saurischian dinosaurs but largely absent in ornithischian dinosaurs. The place on the scapula where it articulated with the humerus (upper bone of the forelimb) is the called the glenoid. The scapula serves as the attachment site for a dinosaur's back and forelimb muscles. Scapula In anatomy, the scapula (plural scapulae or scapulas), also known as shoulder bone, shoulder blade, wing bone or blade bone, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). Like", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "12539845", "text": "role in shoulder impingement syndrome. It is a wide, flat bone lying on the posterior thoracic wall that provides an attachment for three different groups of muscles. The intrinsic muscles of the scapula include the muscles of the rotator cuff- the subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor and supraspinatus. These muscles attach to the surface of the scapula and are responsible for the internal and external rotation of the glenohumeral joint, along with humeral abduction. The extrinsic muscles include the biceps, triceps, and deltoid muscles and attach to the coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula,", "title": "Impingement syndrome" }, { "id": "2070381", "text": "the acromion, and the spine of the scapula, and travelling to insert on the deltoid tubercle of the humerus. Contraction of each part of the deltoid assists in different movements of the shoulder - flexion (clavicular part), abduction (middle part) and extension (scapular part). The teres major attaches to the outer part of the back of the scapula, beneath the teres minor, and attaches to the upper part of the humerus. It helps with medial rotation of the humerus. Muscles from the front Muscles from the chest wall that contribute to the shoulder are: Muscles from the back The armpit", "title": "Shoulder" }, { "id": "8722638", "text": "of the acromion, below with the neck of the scapula. It forms the medial boundary of the great scapular notch, which serves to connect the supra- and infraspinatous fossae. Spine of scapula The spine of the scapula or scapular spine is a prominent plate of bone, which crosses obliquely the medial four-fifths of the scapula at its upper part, and separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa. It begins at the vertical [vertebral or medial border] border by a smooth, triangular area over which the tendon of insertion of the lower part of the Trapezius glides, and, gradually becoming more", "title": "Spine of scapula" }, { "id": "5540230", "text": "Serratus anterior muscle The serratus anterior is a muscle that originates on the surface of the 1st to 8th ribs at the side of the chest and inserts along the entire anterior length of the medial border of the scapula. The serratus anterior acts to pull the scapula forward around the thorax. The muscle is named from Latin: \"serrare\" = to saw, referring to the shape, \"anterior\" = on the front side of the body. Serratus anterior normally originates by nine or ten slips (muscle branches) from either the first to ninth ribs or the first to eighth ribs. Because", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "8722637", "text": "the spine\" of the scapula is the most medial part of the scapular spine. The root of the spine is on a level with the tip of the spinous process of the third thoracic vertebra. It presents two surfaces and three borders. Of the three borders, the anterior is attached to the dorsal surface of the bone; the posterior, or crest of the spine, is broad, and presents two lips and an intervening rough interval. The \"lateral border\", or base, the shortest of the three, is slightly concave; its edge, thick and round, is continuous above with the under surface", "title": "Spine of scapula" }, { "id": "5540231", "text": "two slips usually arise from the second rib, the number of slips is greater than the number of ribs from which they originate. The muscle is inserted along the medial border of the scapula between the superior and inferior angles along with being inserted along the thoracic vertebrae. The muscle is divided into three named parts depending on their points of insertions: The serratus anterior lies deep to the subscapularis, from which it is separated by the subscapularis (supraserratus) bursa. It is separated from the rib by the scapulothoracic (infraserratus) bursa. The serratus anterior is innervated by the long thoracic", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "1678682", "text": "part. The acromion forms the summit of the shoulder, and is a large, somewhat triangular or oblong process, flattened from behind forward, projecting at first laterally, and then curving forward and upward, so as to overhang the glenoid cavity. There are 3 angles: The superior angle of the scapula or medial angle, is covered by the trapezius muscle. This angle is formed by the junction of the superior and medial borders of the scapula. The superior angle is located at the approximate level of the second thoracic vertebra. The superior angle of the scapula is thin, smooth, rounded, and inclined", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "1678680", "text": "that below it the infraspinous fossa. The two fossae are connected by the spinoglenoid notch, situated lateral to the root of the spine. There is a ridge on the outer part of the back of the scapula. This runs from the lower part of the glenoid cavity, downward and backward to the vertebral border, about 2.5 cm above the inferior angle. Attached to the ridge is a fibrous septum, which separates the infraspinatus muscle from the Teres major and Teres minor muscles. The upper two-thirds of the surface between the ridge and the axillary border is narrow, and is crossed", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "1678678", "text": "the subscapular fossa, to which the subscapularis muscle attaches. The medial two-thirds of the fossa have 3 longitudinal oblique ridges, and another thick ridge adjoins the lateral border; they run outward and upward. The ridges give attachment to the tendinous insertions, and the surfaces between them to the fleshy fibers, of the subscapularis muscle. The lateral third of the fossa is smooth and covered by the fibers of this muscle. At the upper part of the fossa is a transverse depression, where the bone appears to be bent on itself along a line at right angles to and passing through", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "5699140", "text": "Infraspinatus muscle In human anatomy, the infraspinatus muscle is a thick triangular muscle, which occupies the chief part of the infraspinatous fossa. As one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff, the main function of the infraspinatus is to externally rotate the humerus and stabilize the shoulder joint. It attaches medially to the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and laterally to the middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. The muscle arises by fleshy fibers from the medial two-thirds of the infraspinatous fossa, and by tendinous fibers from the ridges on its surface; it also arises from", "title": "Infraspinatus muscle" }, { "id": "12539846", "text": "and spine of the scapula. These muscles are responsible for several actions of the glenohumeral joint. The third group, which is mainly responsible for stabilization and rotation of the scapula, consists of the trapezius, serratus anterior, levator scapulae, and rhomboid muscles and attach to the medial, superior, and inferior borders of the scapula. Each of these muscles has their own role in shoulder function and must be in balance with each other in order to avoid shoulder pathology. Abnormal scapular function is called scapular dyskinesis. One action the scapula performs during a throwing or serving motion is elevation of the", "title": "Impingement syndrome" }, { "id": "5540237", "text": "against the reaction forces of the free limb and exerts high bending forces on the ribs. To sustain these forces, the ribs have a pronounced curvature and are supported by the clavicle. In cursorial animals, the thorax is hanging between the scapulae at the serratus anterior and pectoralis muscles. Serratus anterior muscle The serratus anterior is a muscle that originates on the surface of the 1st to 8th ribs at the side of the chest and inserts along the entire anterior length of the medial border of the scapula. The serratus anterior acts to pull the scapula forward around the", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "3339065", "text": "Rhomboid major muscle The rhomboid major is a skeletal muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. In human anatomy, it acts together with the rhomboid minor to keep the scapula pressed against thoracic wall and to retract the scapula toward the vertebral column. The rhomboid major arises from the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae T2 to T5 as well as the supraspinous ligament. It inserts on the medial border of the scapula, from about the level of the scapular spine to the scapula's inferior angle. The rhomboid major is considered a", "title": "Rhomboid major muscle" }, { "id": "1678692", "text": "this first part of an overhead motion are the serratus anterior and the lower trapezius. These two muscles act as a force couple within the glenohumeral joint to properly elevate the acromion process, and if a muscle imbalance exists, shoulder impingement may develop. The name \"scapula\" as synonym of \"shoulder blade\" is of Latin origin. It is commonly used in medical English and is part of the current official Latin nomenclature, \"Terminologia Anatomica\". In classical Latin \"scapula\" is only used in its plural \"scapulae\". Although some sources mention that \"scapulae\" is used to refer during Roman antiquity to the \"shoulders\"", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "3339067", "text": "onto the ribcage. Other muscles that perform this function include the serratus anterior and pectoralis minor. Both rhomboids (major and minor) also act to retract the scapula, pulling it towards the vertebral column. The rhomboids work collectively with the levator scapulae muscles to elevate the medial border of the scapula, downwardly rotating the scapula with respect to the glenohumeral joint. Antagonists to this function (upward rotators of the scapulae) are the serratus anterior and lower fibers of the trapezius. If the lower fibers are inactive, the serratus anterior and upper trapezius work in tandem with rhomboids and levators to elevate", "title": "Rhomboid major muscle" }, { "id": "1570358", "text": "conoid tubercle (above the coracoid process). These surface features are attachment sites for muscles and ligaments of the shoulder. It can be divided into three parts: medial end, lateral end and shaft. The medial end is quadrangular and articulates with the clavicular notch of the manubrium of the sternum to form the sternoclavicular joint. The articular surface extends to the inferior aspect for attachment with the first costal cartilage. It gives attachments to: The lateral end is flat from above downward. It bears a facet for attachment to the acromion process of the scapula, forming the acromioclavicular joint. The area", "title": "Clavicle" }, { "id": "1678677", "text": "head, processes, and the thickened parts of the bone contain cancellous tissue; the rest consists of a thin layer of compact tissue. The central part of the supraspinatus fossa and the upper part of the infraspinatous fossa, but especially the former, are usually so thin in humans as to be semitransparent; occasionally the bone is found wanting in this situation, and the adjacent muscles are separated only by fibrous tissue. The scapula has two surfaces, three borders, three angles, and three processes. The front of the scapula (also known as the costal or ventral surface) has a broad concavity called", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "1678679", "text": "the center of the glenoid cavity, forming a considerable angle, called the subscapular angle; this gives greater strength to the body of the bone by its arched form, while the summit of the arch serves to support the spine and acromion. The costal surface superior of the scapula is the origin of 1st digitation for the serratus anterior origin. The back of the scapula (also called the dorsal or posterior surface) is arched from above downward, and is subdivided into two unequal parts by the spine of the scapula. The portion above the spine is called the supraspinous fossa, and", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "3327108", "text": "Levator scapulae muscle The levator scapulae is a skeletal muscle situated at the back and side of the neck. As the Latin name suggests, its main function is to lift the scapula. The levator scapulae originates from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of cervical vertebrae one to four. The muscle is inserted into medial border of the scapula extending from superior angle to junction of spine and medial border of scapula. The levator scapulae may lie deep to the S at its origin, deep or adjacent to the splenius capitis at its origin and mid-portion, and deep to", "title": "Levator scapulae muscle" }, { "id": "4616290", "text": "thin layer of tissue over the pectoralis major, extending toward the latissimus dorsi muscle on the back. Along with the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor, the subclavius muscle forms the axilla or armpit. The subclavius moves the shoulder downward and forward. Serratus anterior is another muscle on the front of the chest. It moves the scapula forward around the torso, as when throwing a punch. Between the ribs are various groups of intercostal muscles, which help with breathing. Pectoral muscles Pectoral muscles (colloquially referred to as \"pecs\") are the muscles that connect the front of the human chest with the", "title": "Pectoral muscles" }, { "id": "1678685", "text": "At its apex is a slight elevation, the supraglenoid tuberosity, to which the long head of the biceps brachii is attached. The neck of the scapula is the slightly constricted portion which surrounds the head and is more distinct below and behind than above and in front. There are three borders of the scapula: The scapula is ossified from 7 or more centers: one for the body, two for the coracoid process, two for the acromion, one for the vertebral border, and one for the inferior angle. Ossification of the body begins about the second month of fetal life, by", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "6588832", "text": "tibia. It acts to rotate the leg medially. It is innervated by the tibial nerve. \"Bones and their significant points for muscle attachment:\" Scapula: Spine of the Scapula, Supraglenoid Tubercle, Glenoid Cavity, Acromion Process, Supraspinous Fossa, Infraspinous Fossa, Neck, Coracoid, Process, Subscapular Fossa Humerus: Head of Humerus, Greater Tubercle, Lesser Tubercle, Intertubercular Groove, Deltopectoral Crest, Deltoid Tuberosity, Body of the Humerus, Epicondyles (Medial and Lateral), Humeral condyle (Trochlea and Capitulum, Radial and Olecranon Fossae) Ulna and Radius: Olecranon Process, Trochlear Notch, Anconeal Process, Coronoid Processes (Medial and Lateral), Body of Ulna, Head of Radius, Body of Radius, Distal Trochlea, Styiloid", "title": "Dog anatomy" }, { "id": "1678674", "text": "Scapula In anatomy, the scapula (plural scapulae or scapulas), also known as shoulder bone, shoulder blade, wing bone or blade bone, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). Like their connected bones the scapulae are paired, with the scapula on either side of the body being roughly a mirror image of the other. The name derives from early Roman times when it was thought that the bone resembled a trowel or small shovel. In compound terms, the prefix omo- is used for the shoulder blade in Latin medical terminology. The prefix is", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "5540234", "text": "the scapula forward and around the rib cage that occurs when someone throws a punch. The serratus anterior also plays an important role in the upward rotation of the scapula, such as when lifting a weight overhead. It performs this in sync with the upper and lower fibers of the trapezius. The muscles of the shoulder can be categorized into three topographic units: the scapulohumeral, axiohumeral, and axioscapular groups. Serratus anterior forms part of the latter group together with rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae, and trapezius. The trapezius evolved separately, but the other three muscles in this group evolved", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "6356089", "text": "major muscle originates on the dorsal surface of the inferior angle and the lower part of the lateral border of the scapula. The fibers of teres major insert into the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. It is supplied primarily by the lower subscapular nerve and additionally by the thoracodorsal nerve (middle subscapular nerve). These are distal to the upper subscapular nerve. These three nerves branch off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. The nerves that innervate teres major consist of fibers from spinal nerves C5-C8. The tendon, at its insertion, lies behind that of the", "title": "Teres major muscle" }, { "id": "3339071", "text": "Rhomboid minor muscle In human anatomy, the rhomboid minor is a small skeletal muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. Located inferior to levator scapulae and superior to rhomboid major, it acts together with the latter to keep the scapula pressed against the thoracic wall. It lies deep to trapezius but superficial to the long spinal muscles. The rhomboid minor arises from the inferior border of the nuchal ligament, from the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and first thoracic vertebrae, and from the intervening supraspinous ligaments. It is inserted into a", "title": "Rhomboid minor muscle" }, { "id": "6889322", "text": "is the anatomical mechanism that allows for all upper arm and shoulder movement in humans. The shoulder girdle consists of five muscles that attach to the clavicle and scapula and allow for the motion of the sternoclavicular joint (connection between sternum and clavicle) and acromioclavicular joint (connection between clavicle and scapula). The five muscles that comprise the function of the shoulder girdle are the trapezius muscle (upper, middle, and lower), levator scapulae muscle, rhomboid muscles (major and minor), serratus anterior muscle, and pectoralis minor muscle. The shoulder girdle is a complex of five joints that can be divided into two", "title": "Shoulder girdle" }, { "id": "3339161", "text": "Pectoralis minor The pectoralis minor () is a thin, triangular muscle, situated at the upper part of the chest, beneath the pectoralis major in the human body. It arises from the upper margins and outer surfaces of the third, fourth, and fifth ribs, near their cartilages and from the aponeuroses covering the intercostalis. The fibers pass superior and lateral and converge to form a flat tendon, which is inserted into the medial border and upper surface of the coracoid process of the scapula. The pectoralis minor muscle is covered anteriorly (superficially) by the clavipectoral fascia. The Medial pectoral nerve pierces", "title": "Pectoralis minor" }, { "id": "4616289", "text": "Pectoral muscles Pectoral muscles (colloquially referred to as \"pecs\") are the muscles that connect the front of the human chest with the bones of the upper arm and shoulder. Pectoralis major is a thick, fan-shaped muscle, which makes up the bulk of the chest muscle. It lies under the breast. It serves to flex, extend, and rotate the humerus, the long bone of the upper arm. Pectoralis minor is a thin, triangular muscle located beneath the pectoralis major. It attaches to the ribs, and serves to stabilize the scapula, the large bone of the shoulder. The pectoral fascia is a", "title": "Pectoral muscles" }, { "id": "3339070", "text": "the cervical vertebrae (homologous to the ribs). Functional demands have resulted in the evolution of individual muscles from the basal unit formed by the serratus anterior. In primitive life forms, the main function of the axioscapular group is to control the movements of the vertebral border of the scapula: fibers concerned with the dorsal movement of scapula evolved into the rhomboids, those with ventral motion into serratus anterior, and those with cranial movements into levator scapulae. Rhomboid major muscle The rhomboid major is a skeletal muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column.", "title": "Rhomboid major muscle" }, { "id": "1678681", "text": "near its center by a groove for the scapular circumflex vessels; the Teres minor attaches here. The broad and narrow portions above alluded to are separated by an oblique line, which runs from the axillary border, downward and backward, to meet the elevated ridge: to it is attached a fibrous septum which separates the Teres muscles from each other. Its lower third presents a broader, somewhat triangular surface, the inferior angle of the scapula, which gives origin to the Teres major, and over which the Latissimus dorsi glides; frequently the latter muscle takes origin by a few fibers from this", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "5699142", "text": "is sometimes separated from the capsule of the shoulder-joint by a bursa, which may communicate with the joint cavity. The suprascapular nerve innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. These muscles function to abduct and laterally rotate the arm, respectively. The infraspinatus is frequently fused with the teres minor. The infraspinatus is the main external rotator of the shoulder. When the arm is fixed, it abducts the inferior angle of the scapula. Its synergists are teres minor and the deltoid. The infraspinatus and teres minor rotate the head of the humerus outward (external, or lateral, rotation); they also assist in carrying", "title": "Infraspinatus muscle" }, { "id": "3339072", "text": "small area of the medial border of the scapula at the level of the scapular spine. Together with the rhomboid major, the rhomboid minor retracts the scapula when trapezius is contracted. Acting as an antagonist to the trapezius, the rhomboid major and minor elevate the medial border of the scapula medially and upward, working in tandem with the levator scapulae muscle to rotate the scapulae downward. While other shoulder muscles are active, the rhomboid major and minor stabilize the scapula. The nerve supply comes from the dorsal scapular nerve, with most of its fibers derived from the C5 nerve root", "title": "Rhomboid minor muscle" }, { "id": "6356076", "text": "Subscapularis muscle The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the shoulder-joint. It arises from its medial two-thirds and from the lower two-thirds of the groove on the axillary border (subscapular fossa) of the scapula. Some fibers arise from tendinous laminae, which intersect the muscle and are attached to ridges on the bone; others from an aponeurosis, which separates the muscle from the teres major and the long head of the triceps brachii. The fibers pass laterally and coalesce into", "title": "Subscapularis muscle" }, { "id": "1678684", "text": "is named the scapular line. The lateral angle of the scapula or glenoid angle also known as the head of the scapula is the thickest part of the scapula. It is broad and bears the glenoid cavity on its articular surface which is directed forward, laterally and slightly upwards, and articulates with the head of the humerus. The inferior angle is broader below than above and its vertical diameter is the longest. The surface is covered with cartilage in the fresh state; and its margins, slightly raised, give attachment to a fibrocartilaginous structure, the glenoidal labrum, which deepens the cavity.", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "9414207", "text": "(FSH), none of the individuals complained of pain. Fatigue, however, was a common characteristic and all had noted that there were limitations in their activities of daily life. In most cases of winged scapula, damage to the serratus anterior muscle causes the deformation of the back. The serratus anterior muscle attaches to the medial anterior aspect of the scapula (i.e. it attaches on the side closest to the spine and runs along the side of the scapula that faces the ribcage) and normally anchors the scapula against the rib cage. When the serratus anterior contracts, upward rotation, abduction, and weak", "title": "Winged scapula" }, { "id": "6588817", "text": "glenoid tubercle on the scapula and inserts on the teres minor tuberosity of the humerus. It acts to flex the shoulder and rotate the arm laterally. It is innervated by the axillary nerve. Supraspinatus: originates on the supraspinous fossa and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. It acts to extend and stabilize the shoulder joint. It is innervated by the suprascapular nerve. \"Medial muscles of the scapula and shoulder:\" Subscapularis: originates on the subscapular fossa and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. It acts to rotate the arm medially and stabilize the joint. It is innervated", "title": "Dog anatomy" }, { "id": "3327114", "text": "levator scapulae — by concentration of the proximal and distal fibers and progressive reduction of the intermediate fibers. The fibers concerned with the cranial displacement of the scapula became the levator scapulae. Levator scapulae muscle The levator scapulae is a skeletal muscle situated at the back and side of the neck. As the Latin name suggests, its main function is to lift the scapula. The levator scapulae originates from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of cervical vertebrae one to four. The muscle is inserted into medial border of the scapula extending from superior angle to junction of spine", "title": "Levator scapulae muscle" }, { "id": "3339073", "text": "and only minor contribution from C4 or C6. The rhomboid minor gets its arterial blood supply from the dorsal scapular artery. It is usually separated from the rhomboid major by a slight interval, but the adjacent margins of the two muscles are occasionally united. Rhomboid minor muscle In human anatomy, the rhomboid minor is a small skeletal muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. Located inferior to levator scapulae and superior to rhomboid major, it acts together with the latter to keep the scapula pressed against the thoracic wall. It lies deep", "title": "Rhomboid minor muscle" }, { "id": "6889325", "text": "joint. The acromion of the scapula rotates on the acromial end of the clavicle. The sternoclavicular joint is the articulation of the manubrium of the sternum and the first costal cartilage with the medial end of the clavicle. It is a saddle type of synovial joint but functions as a plane joint. The sternoclavicular joint accommodates a wide range of scapula movements and can be raised to a 60° angle. The scapulocostal joint (also known as the scapulothoracic joint) is a physiological joint formed by an articulation of the anterior scapula and the posterior thoracic rib cage. It is musculotendinous", "title": "Shoulder girdle" }, { "id": "5540235", "text": "from the first eight or ten ribs and the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae (homologous to the ribs). Functional demands have resulted in the evolution of individual muscles from the basal unit formed by the serratus anterior. In primitive life forms, the main function of the axioscapular group is to control the movements of the vertebral border of the scapula: fibers concerned with the dorsal movement of scapula evolved into the rhomboids, those with ventral motion into serratus anterior, and those with cranial movements into levator scapulae. The evolution of the serratus anterior itself has resulted in (1) grouping", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "8232254", "text": "Conoid ligament The conoid ligament is the posterior and medial fasciculus of the coracoclavicular ligament. It is formed by a dense band of fibers, conical in form, with its base directed upward. It is attached by its apex to a rough impression at the base of the coracoid process on the scapula, medial to the trapezoid ligament; above, by its expanded base, to the conoid tubercle on the under surface of the clavicle, and to a line proceeding medialward from it for 1.25 cm. These ligaments are in relation, in front, with the subclavius and deltoid muscles; behind, with the", "title": "Conoid ligament" }, { "id": "4314535", "text": "Triceps The triceps, also triceps brachii (Latin for \"three-headed muscle of the arm\"), is a large muscle on the back of the upper limb of many vertebrates. It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint (straightening of the arm). The long head arises from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula. It extends distally anterior to the teres minor and posterior to the teres major. The medial head arises proximally from the groove of the radial nerve; from the dorsal (back) surface of the humerus; from the medial intermuscular septum; and its distal part also arises from", "title": "Triceps" }, { "id": "5637396", "text": "Supraspinatus muscle The supraspinatus (plural \"supraspinati\") is a relatively small muscle of the upper back that runs from the supraspinatous fossa superior portion of the scapula (shoulder blade) to the greater tubercle of the humerus. It is one of the four rotator cuff muscles and also abducts the arm at the shoulder. The spine of the scapula separates the supraspinatus muscle from the infraspinatus muscle, which originates below the spine. The supraspinatus muscle arises from the supraspinous fossa, a shallow depression in the body of the scapula above its spine. The supraspinatus muscle tendon passes laterally beneath the cover of", "title": "Supraspinatus muscle" }, { "id": "6588816", "text": "vertebrae and inserts on the scapula. Its function is to support the trunk and depress the scapula. It is innervated by the ventral branches of the cervical spinal nerves. \"Intrinsic muscles of the thoracic limb:\" Deltoideus: originates on the acromial process of the scapula and inserts on the deltoid tuberosity. It acts to flex the shoulder. It is innervated by the axillary nerve. Infraspinatus: originates on the infraspinatus fossa and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. It acts to extend and flex the shoulder joint. It is innervated by the suprascapular nerve. Teres minor: originates on the infra", "title": "Dog anatomy" }, { "id": "2070377", "text": "arm to have tremendous mobility, at the expense of being much easier to dislocate than most other joints in the body. There is an approximately 4-to-1 disproportion in size between the large head of the humerus and the shallow glenoid cavity.The glenoid cavity is made deeper by the addition of the fibrocartilaginous ring of the glenoid labrum. The capsule is a soft tissue envelope that encircles the glenohumeral joint and attaches to the scapula, humerus, and head of the biceps. It is lined by a thin, smooth synovial membrane. This capsule is strengthened by the coracohumeral ligament which attaches the", "title": "Shoulder" }, { "id": "5540233", "text": "act together, they keep the scapula pressed against the thorax \"together\" with the rhomboids and therefore these parts also act as synergists to the rhomboids. The inferior part can pull the lower end of the scapula laterally and forward and thus rotates the scapula to make elevation of the arm possible. Additionally, all three parts can lift the ribs when the shoulder girdle is fixed, and thus assist in respiration. The serratus anterior is occasionally called the \"big swing muscle\" or \"boxer's muscle\" because it is largely responsible for the protraction of the scapula — that is, the pulling of", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "6889320", "text": "Shoulder girdle The shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm on each side. In humans it consists of the clavicle and scapula; in those species with three bones in the shoulder, it consists of the clavicle, scapula, and coracoid. Some mammalian species (such as the dog and the horse) have only the scapula. The pectoral girdles are to the upper limbs as the pelvic girdle is to the lower limbs; the girdles are the parts of the appendicular skeleton that anchor the appendages to the axial skeleton. In", "title": "Shoulder girdle" }, { "id": "3327111", "text": "passes laterally to the supraspinatus fossa of the scapula, and in a third of cases, this branch supplies the muscle. If the dorsal scapular artery comes off the transverse cervical artery, the parent transverse cervical artery splits, the dorsal scapular artery passes medially, while the transverse cervical artery passes laterally. When the spine is fixed, levator scapulae elevates the scapula and rotates its inferior angle medially. It often works in combination with other muscles like the rhomboids and pectoralis minor to rotate down. Elevating or rotating one shoulder at a time would require muscles to stabilize the cervical spine and", "title": "Levator scapulae muscle" }, { "id": "1749283", "text": "then it pulls the cork out (flexion). The biceps is one of three muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm, along with the brachialis muscle and the coracobrachialis muscle, with which the biceps shares a nerve supply. The biceps muscle has two heads, the short head and the long head, distinguished according to their origin at the coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, respectively. From its origin on the glenoid, the long head remains tendinous as it passes through the shoulder joint and through the intertubercular groove of the humerus. Extending from its origin on the", "title": "Biceps" }, { "id": "6889327", "text": "the scapula. This space is filled mostly by the subacromial bursa and the tendon of supraspinatus. This joint plays a role during complex movements while the arm is fully flexed at the glenohumeral joint, such as changing a lightbulb, or painting a ceiling. From its neutral position, the shoulder girdle can be rotated about an imaginary vertical axis at the medial end of the clavicle (the sternoclavicular joint). Throughout this movement the scapula is rotated around the chest wall so that it moves laterally and the glenoid cavity is rotated 40–45° in the horizontal plane. When the scapula is moved", "title": "Shoulder girdle" }, { "id": "4609111", "text": "humans. Its origin is the xiphoid process of the sternum. The insertion is the humerus. In the cat there are three thin flat muscles that cover the back, and to a lesser extent, the neck. They pull the scapula toward the mid-dorsal line, anteriorly, and posteriorly. The most anterior of the trapezius muscles, it is also the largest. Its fibers run obliquely to the ventral surface. Its origin is the superior nuchal line and median dorsal line and its insertion is the clavicle. Its action is to draw the clavicle dorsally and towards the head. Acromiotrapezius is the middle trapezius", "title": "Cat anatomy" }, { "id": "5540236", "text": "of its distal and proximal fibers, (2) size reduction of its intermediate fibers, and (3) the insertion of its dominant superior and inferior parts onto the superior and inferior angles of the scapula. In primates, the thoracic cage is wide and the scapula is rotated onto its posterior side to have the glenoid cavity face laterally. Additionally, the clavicle takes care of medial forces. In cursorial mammals (for example the horse and other quadrupeds), the scapula is hanging vertically on the side of the thorax and the clavicle is absent. Therefore, in climbing animals, the serratus anterior supports the scapula", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "9434588", "text": "humerus (upper arm bone) is located. The acrocoracoid process is an expansion adjacent to this contact surface, to which the shoulderward end of the biceps brachii muscle attaches in these animals. In birds (and generally theropods and related animals), the entire unit is rigid and called scapulocoracoid. This plays a major role in bird flight. In dinosaurs the main bones of the pectoral girdle were the scapula (shoulder blade) and the coracoid, both of which directly articulated with the clavicle. In fish it provides the base for the pectoral fin. Monotremes, as well as the extinct therapsids, possess both the", "title": "Coracoid" }, { "id": "4285625", "text": "arises from the dorsal surface of the axillary border of the scapula for the upper two-thirds of its extent, and from two aponeurotic laminae, one of which separates it from the infraspinatus muscle, the other from the teres major muscle. Its fibers run obliquely upwards and laterally; the upper ones end in a tendon which is inserted into the lowest of the three impressions on the greater tubercle of the humerus; the lowest fibers are inserted directly into the humerus immediately below this impression. The teres minor originates at the lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of the scapula. It", "title": "Teres minor muscle" }, { "id": "6356088", "text": "Teres major muscle The teres major muscle is a muscle of the upper limb. It attaches to the scapula and the humerus and is one of the seven scapulohumeral muscles. It is a thick but somewhat flattened muscle. The teres major muscle (from Latin \"teres\", meaning \"rounded\") is positioned above the latissimus dorsi muscle and assists in the extension and medial rotation of the humerus. This muscle is commonly confused as a rotator cuff muscle, but it is not because it does not attach to the capsule of the shoulder joint, unlike the teres minor muscle for example. The teres", "title": "Teres major muscle" }, { "id": "1754252", "text": "deltoid tuberosity of the humerus and has several actions including abduction, extension, and circumduction of the shoulder. The supraspinatus also originates on the spine of the scapula. It inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus, and assists in abduction of the shoulder. The pectoralis major, teres major, and latissimus dorsi insert at the \"intertubercular groove\" of the humerus. They work to adduct and medially, or internally, rotate the humerus. The infraspinatus and teres minor insert on the greater tubercle, and work to laterally, or externally, rotate the humerus. In contrast, the subscapularis muscle inserts onto the lesser tubercle and", "title": "Humerus" }, { "id": "6889326", "text": "in nature and is formed predominantly by the trapezius, rhomboids and serratus anterior muscles. The pectoralis minor also plays a role in its movements. The gliding movements at the scapulocostal joint are elevation, depression, retraction, protraction and superior and inferior rotation of the scapula. Disorders of the scapulocostal joint are not very common and usually restricted to snapping scapula. The suprahumeral joint (also known as the subacromial joint) is a physiological joint formed by an articulation of the coracoacromial ligament and the head of the humerus. It is formed by the gap between the humerus and the acromion process of", "title": "Shoulder girdle" }, { "id": "6356099", "text": "Coracobrachialis muscle The coracobrachialis is the smallest of the three muscles that attach to the coracoid process of the scapula. (The other two muscles are pectoralis minor and the short head of the biceps brachii.) It is situated at the upper and medial part of the arm. It arises from the apex of the coracoid process, in common with the short head of the biceps brachii, and from the intermuscular septum between the two muscles. It is inserted by means of a flat tendon into an impression at the middle of the medial surface and border of the body of", "title": "Coracobrachialis muscle" }, { "id": "6356047", "text": "Subclavius muscle The subclavius is a small triangular muscle, placed between the clavicle and the first rib. Along with the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles, the subclavius muscle makes up the anterior wall of the axilla. It arises by a short, thick tendon from the first rib and its cartilage at their junction, in front of the costoclavicular ligament. The fleshy fibers proceed obliquely superolaterally, to be inserted into the groove on the under surface of the clavicle. The nerve to subclavius (or subclavian nerve) innervates the muscle. This arises from the junction of the fifth and sixth cervical", "title": "Subclavius muscle" }, { "id": "1678475", "text": "Acromion In human anatomy, the acromion (from Greek: \"akros\", \"highest\", \"ōmos\", \"shoulder\", plural: acromia) is a bony process on the scapula (shoulder blade). Together with the coracoid process it extends laterally over the shoulder joint. The acromion is a continuation of the scapular spine, and hooks over anteriorly. It articulates with the clavicle (collar bone) to form the acromioclavicular joint. The acromion forms the summit of the shoulder, and is a large, somewhat triangular or oblong process, flattened from behind forward, projecting at first lateralward, and then curving forward and upward, so as to overhang the glenoid cavity. Its superior", "title": "Acromion" }, { "id": "4285624", "text": "Teres minor muscle The teres minor (Latin \"teres\" meaning 'rounded') is a narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff. The muscle originates from the lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of the corresponding right or left scapula and inserts at both the greater tubercle of the humerus and the posterior surface of the joint capsule. The primary function of the teres minor is to modulate the action of the deltoid, preventing the humeral head from sliding upward as the arm is abducted. It also functions to rotate the humerus laterally. The teres minor is innervated by the axillary nerve. It", "title": "Teres minor muscle" }, { "id": "8232255", "text": "trapezius. Conoid ligament The conoid ligament is the posterior and medial fasciculus of the coracoclavicular ligament. It is formed by a dense band of fibers, conical in form, with its base directed upward. It is attached by its apex to a rough impression at the base of the coracoid process on the scapula, medial to the trapezoid ligament; above, by its expanded base, to the conoid tubercle on the under surface of the clavicle, and to a line proceeding medialward from it for 1.25 cm. These ligaments are in relation, in front, with the subclavius and deltoid muscles; behind, with", "title": "Conoid ligament" }, { "id": "1678467", "text": "Trapezius The trapezius (or trapezoid) is a large paired surface muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae of the spine and laterally to the spine of the scapula. It moves the scapula and supports the arm. The trapezius has three functional parts: an upper (descending) part which supports the weight of the arm; a middle region (transverse), which retracts the scapula; and a lower (ascending) part which medially rotates and depresses the scapula. The trapezius muscle resembles a trapezium (trapezoid in American English), or diamond-shaped quadrilateral. The word \"spinotrapezius\" refers to the human trapezius,", "title": "Trapezius" }, { "id": "6889334", "text": "laterally. In more derived tetrapods the dermal part of the girdle was gradually reduced and the scapulocoracoid split into a dorsal scapula and a ventral coracoid. In dinosaurs the main bones of the pectoral girdle were the scapula (shoulder blade) and the coracoid, both of which directly articulated with the clavicle. The clavicle was present in saurischian dinosaurs but largely absent in ornithischian dinosaurs. The place on the scapula where it articulated with the humerus (upper bone of the forelimb) is the called the glenoid. The scapula served as the attachment site for a dinosaur's back and forelimb muscles. Chimpanzees", "title": "Shoulder girdle" }, { "id": "1678481", "text": "retains its original function, to support the shoulder girdle and increase stride length. Acromion In human anatomy, the acromion (from Greek: \"akros\", \"highest\", \"ōmos\", \"shoulder\", plural: acromia) is a bony process on the scapula (shoulder blade). Together with the coracoid process it extends laterally over the shoulder joint. The acromion is a continuation of the scapular spine, and hooks over anteriorly. It articulates with the clavicle (collar bone) to form the acromioclavicular joint. The acromion forms the summit of the shoulder, and is a large, somewhat triangular or oblong process, flattened from behind forward, projecting at first lateralward, and then", "title": "Acromion" }, { "id": "5540232", "text": "nerve (Nerve of Bell), a branch of the brachial plexus. The long thoracic nerve travels inferiorly on the surface of the serratus. The nerve is especially vulnerable during certain types of surgery (for example, during lymph node clearance from the axilla (e.g., in case of axillary dissection in a surgery for breast cancer)). Damage to this nerve can lead to a winged scapula. All three parts described above pull the scapula forward around the thorax, which is essential for anteversion of the arm. As such, the muscle is an antagonist to the rhomboids. However, when the inferior and superior parts", "title": "Serratus anterior muscle" }, { "id": "5699141", "text": "the infraspinatous fascia which covers it, and separates it from the teres major and teres minor. The fibers converge to a tendon, which glides over the lateral border of the spine of the scapula and passing across the posterior part of the capsule of the shoulder-joint, is inserted into the middle impression on the greater tubercle of the humerus. The trapezoidal insertion of the infraspinatus onto the humerus is much larger than the equivalent insertion of the supraspinatus, the reason why the infraspinatus is involved in rotator cuff tears about as frequently as the supraspinatus. The tendon of this muscle", "title": "Infraspinatus muscle" }, { "id": "2009843", "text": "Dorsal scapular nerve The dorsal scapular nerve arises from the brachial plexus, usually from the plexus root (anterior/ventral ramus) of the cervical nerve C5. Once the nerve leaves C5 it commonly pierces the middle scalene muscle, and continues deep to levator scapulae and the rhomboids (minor superior to major). It provides motor innervation to the rhomboid muscles, which pull the scapula towards the spine and levator scapulae muscle, which elevates the scapula. Injury to this nerve is usually apparent on inspection when the scapula on the injured side is located farther from the midline than the uninjured scapula. The patient", "title": "Dorsal scapular nerve" }, { "id": "2070378", "text": "coracoid process of the scapula to the greater tubercle of the humerus. There are also three other ligaments attaching the lesser tubercle of the humerus to lateral scapula and are collectively called the glenohumeral ligaments. The transverse humeral ligament, which passes from the lesser tubercle to the greater tubercle of humerus, covers the intertubercular groove, in which the long head of biceps brachii travels. The rotator cuff is an anatomical term given to the group of four muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. These muscles are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis and that hold", "title": "Shoulder" }, { "id": "4314543", "text": "head of the triceps brachii\". Triceps The triceps, also triceps brachii (Latin for \"three-headed muscle of the arm\"), is a large muscle on the back of the upper limb of many vertebrates. It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint (straightening of the arm). The long head arises from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula. It extends distally anterior to the teres minor and posterior to the teres major. The medial head arises proximally from the groove of the radial nerve; from the dorsal (back) surface of the humerus; from the medial intermuscular septum; and its", "title": "Triceps" }, { "id": "2070371", "text": "Shoulder The human shoulder is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. The shoulder joint, also known as the glenohumeral joint, is the major joint of the shoulder, but can more broadly include the acromioclavicular joint. In human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the part of the body where the humerus attaches to the scapula, and the head sits in the glenoid cavity. The shoulder is the group", "title": "Shoulder" }, { "id": "6356048", "text": "nerves, from the upper trunk of the brachial plexus. Insertion into coracoid process instead of clavicle or into both clavicle and coracoid process. Sternoscapular fasciculus to the upper border of scapula. Sternoclavicularis from manubrium to clavicle between pectoralis major and coracoclavicular fascia. The subclavius depresses the shoulder, carrying it downward and forward. It draws the clavicle inferiorly as well as anteriorly. The subclavius protects the underlying brachial plexus and subclavian vessels from a broken clavicle - the most frequently broken long bone. Subclavius muscle The subclavius is a small triangular muscle, placed between the clavicle and the first rib. Along", "title": "Subclavius muscle" }, { "id": "6356077", "text": "a tendon that is inserted into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the anterior part of the shoulder-joint capsule. Tendinous fibers extend to the greater tubercle with insertions into the bicipital groove. The tendon of the muscle is separated from the neck of the scapula by a large bursa, which communicates with the cavity of the shoulder-joint through an aperture in the capsule. The subscapularis is separated from the serratus anterior by the subscapularis (supraserratus) bursa. The subscapularis is supplied by the upper and lower subscapular nerves, branches of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. (C5-C6) The subscapularis", "title": "Subscapularis muscle" }, { "id": "4140571", "text": "Rectus abdominis muscle The rectus abdominis muscle, also known as the \"abdominal muscle\" or \"abs\", is a paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior wall of the human abdomen, as well as that of some other mammals. There are two parallel muscles, separated by a midline band of connective tissue called the linea alba. It extends from the pubic symphysis, pubic crest and pubic tubercle inferiorly, to the xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs V to VII superiorly. The proximal attachments are the pubic crest and the pubic symphysis. It attaches distally at the costal cartilages", "title": "Rectus abdominis muscle" }, { "id": "7463243", "text": "Bicipital groove The bicipital groove (intertubercular groove, sulcus intertubercularis) is a deep groove on the humerus that separates the greater tubercle from the lesser tubercle. The bicipital groove lodges the long tendon of the biceps brachii between the tendon of the pectoralis major on the lateral lip and the tendon of the teres major on the medial lip. It also transmits a branch of the anterior humeral circumflex artery to the shoulder joint. The insertion of the latissimus dorsi is found along the floor of the bicipital groove. The teres major inserts on the medial lip of the groove. It", "title": "Bicipital groove" }, { "id": "3339066", "text": "superficial back muscle. It is deep to the trapezius, and is located directly inferior to the rhomboid minor. As the word \"rhomboid\" suggests, the rhomboid major is diamond-shaped. The \"major\" in its name indicates that it is the larger of the two rhomboids. The two rhomboids are sometimes fused into a single muscle. The rhomboid major, like the rhomboid minor, is innervated by the ventral primary ramus via the dorsal scapular nerve (C5). Both rhomboid muscles also derive their arterial blood supply from the dorsal scapular artery. The rhomboid major helps to hold the scapula (and thus the upper limb)", "title": "Rhomboid major muscle" }, { "id": "3248171", "text": "it does not execute this function when performing push-ups. The anterior portion of the deltoid muscle is one of the major shoulder-joint horizontal adductors, moving the upper arms toward the chest during the upward phase of a push-up. It also helps control the speed of movement during the downward phase. The deltoid attaches to parts of the clavicle and scapula, just above the shoulder joint on one end, and to the outside of the humerus bone on the other. Along with horizontal adduction, the anterior deltoid assists with flexion and internal rotation of the humerus within the shoulder socket. The", "title": "Push-up" }, { "id": "6296510", "text": "the biceps brachii on the anterior side of the arm, and tendons of the rotator cuff; which are fused to all sides of the capsule except the inferior margin. The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii passes through the bicipital groove on the humerus and inserts on the superior margin of the glenoid cavity to press the head of the humerus against the glenoid cavity. The tendons of the rotator cuff and their respective muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis) stabilize and fix the joint. The supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles aid in abduction and", "title": "Shoulder joint" }, { "id": "4609110", "text": "median ventral raphe, and its insertion is at the humerus. Its action is to draw the arm towards the chest. The pectoralis minor muscle is larger than the pectoralis major. However, most of its anterior border is covered by the pectoralis major. Its origins are ribs three–five, and its insertion is the coracoid process of the scapula. Its actions are the tipping of the scapula and the elevation of ribs three–five. The most posterior, flat, thin, and long strip of pectoral muscle is the xiphihumeralis. It is a band of parallel fibers that is found in felines but not in", "title": "Cat anatomy" }, { "id": "7684482", "text": "Supraspinatous fossa The supraspinatous fossa (supraspinatus fossa, supraspinous fossa) of the posterior aspect of the scapula is smaller than the infraspinatous fossa, concave, smooth, and broader at its vertebral than at its humeral end. Its medial two-thirds give origin to the Supraspinatus. The fossa can be exposed by the removal of skin and the superficial fascia of the back and the trapezius muscle. The supraspinatous fossa is bounded by the spine of scapula on the inferior side, acromion process on the lateral side and the superior angle of scapula on the superior side. Supraspinatus muscle originates from the supraspinatous fossa.", "title": "Supraspinatous fossa" }, { "id": "1678704", "text": "groups. For example, in frogs, the procoracoid bones may be braced together at the animal's underside to absorb the shock of landing, while in turtles, the combined structure forms a Y-shape in order to allow the scapula to retain a connection to the clavicle (which is part of the shell). In birds, the procoracoids help to brace the wing against the top of the sternum. In the fossil therapsids, a third bone, the true coracoid, formed just behind the procoracoid. The resulting three-boned structure is still seen in modern monotremes, but in all other living mammals, the procoracoid has disappeared,", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "1678705", "text": "and the coracoid bone has fused with the scapula, to become the coracoid process. These changes are associated with the upright gait of mammals, compared with the more sprawling limb arrangement of reptiles and amphibians; the muscles formerly attached to the procoracoid are no longer required. The altered musculature is also responsible for the alteration in the shape of the rest of the scapula; the forward margin of the original bone became the spine and acromion, from which the main shelf of the shoulder blade arises as a new structure. In dinosaurs the main bones of the pectoral girdle were", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "4609107", "text": "neck and fascia. The insertion is the superior nuchal line and atlas. It raises or turns the head. The serratus ventralis is exposed by cutting the wing-like latissimus dorsi. The said muscle is covered entirely by adipose tissue. The origin is from the first nine or ten ribs and from part of the cervical vertebrae. The serratus dorsalis is medial to both the scapula and the serratus ventralis. Its origin is via apoeurosis following the length of the mid-dorsal line, and its insertion is the dorsal portion of the last ribs. Its action is to depress and retracts the ribs", "title": "Cat anatomy" }, { "id": "17559582", "text": "Glenoid tubercles The glenoid tubercles are two small bony eminences (or tubercles) located above and below the glenoid cavity on the scapula. The glenoid tubercles consist of the supra- and the infraglenoid tubercle. The Latin terms \"supra\" and \"infra\" meaning above and below respectively refers to the tubercles location in relation to the glenoid cavity. The Latin term \"glenoid\" meaning socket or cavity refers to the glenoid cavity. The glenoid tubercles serves as attachment points for the long heads of the biceps brachii and the triceps brachii muscles. The supraglenoid tubercle is where for the long head of the biceps", "title": "Glenoid tubercles" }, { "id": "3327113", "text": "flexion or extension of the cervical spine. The muscles of the shoulder can be categorized into three topographic units: the scapulohumeral, axiohumeral, and axioscapular groups. Levator scapulae forms part of the latter group together with rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, serratus anterior, and trapezius. The trapezius evolved separately, but the other three muscles in this group evolved from the first eight or ten ribs and the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae (homologous to the ribs). The serratus anterior formed the basal unit for these three muscles. In higher primates it has evolved into two separate muscles — serratus anterior and", "title": "Levator scapulae muscle" }, { "id": "4580996", "text": "Suprascapular nerve The suprascapular nerve is a nerve that arises from the brachial plexus. It is responsible for the innervation of some of the muscles that attach on the scapula, namely the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. The suprascapular nerve arises from the upper trunk of the brachial plexus which is formed by the union of the ventral rami of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves. After branching from the upper trunk, the nerve passes across the posterior triangle of the neck parallel to the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle and deep to the trapezius muscle. It then runs along", "title": "Suprascapular nerve" }, { "id": "7925995", "text": "Medial epicondyle of the humerus The medial epicondyle of the humerus is an epicondyle of the humerus bone of the upper arm in humans. It is larger and more prominent than the lateral epicondyle and is directed slightly more posteriorly in the anatomical position. In birds, where the arm is somewhat rotated compared to other tetrapods, it is called the ventral epicondyle of the humerus. In comparative anatomy, the more neutral term entepicondyle is used. The medial epicondyle gives attachment to the ulnar collateral ligament of elbow joint, to the pronator teres, and to a common tendon of origin (the", "title": "Medial epicondyle of the humerus" }, { "id": "9414213", "text": "abnormalities such as malunited or greenstick fractures. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are rarely indicated, but may be useful to rule out certain diagnoses if suspected, such as neurofibromatosis-related injury, intervertebral disc disorder, radiculopathy, and tumors. There are a variety of classifications for winged scapula, and likewise several treatment options. Strength training, particularly of the serratus anterior, may be recommended as this muscle is responsible for holding the medial scapula close to the rib cage. In more severe cases, physical therapy can help by strengthening related muscles. Physical therapy constitutes treatment options if there is weakness of", "title": "Winged scapula" }, { "id": "6588818", "text": "by the subscapular nerve. Teres major: originates on the scapula and inserts on the teres major tuberosity of the humerus. It acts to flex the shoulder and rotate the arm medially. It is innervated by the axillary nerve. Coracobrachialis: originates on the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts on the crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus. It acts to adduct, extend and stabilize the shoulder joint. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. \"Caudal muscles of brachium:\" Tensor fasciae antebrachium: originates on the fascia covering the latissimus dorsi and inserts on the olecranon. It acts to extend", "title": "Dog anatomy" }, { "id": "7684612", "text": "the humerus (upper bone of the forelimb) is called the glenoid. The glenoid is important because it defines the range of motion of the humerus. Glenoid cavity The glenoid cavity or glenoid fossa of scapula is a part of the shoulder. It is a shallow, pyriform articular surface, which is located on the lateral angle of the scapula. It is directed laterally and forward and articulates with the head of the humerus; it is broader below than above and its vertical diameter is the longest. This cavity forms the glenohumeral joint along with the humerus. This type of joint is", "title": "Glenoid cavity" }, { "id": "16412819", "text": "this pose: The downward rotation and adduction of the scapulae toward the rib cage. The glenohumeral joint extends and rotates medially. The elbows are flexed, and forearms pronated, with the wrists dorsiflexed and hands extended. The muscles at work are the subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, rhomboids, lower, mid-, and upper trapezius muscles; while the infraspinatus, teres minor, serratus anterior, anterior deltoids, and (if the scapulea are adducted) the pectoralis major and minor are being stretched. Should the practitioner have particularly tight pectoral muscles, deltoids, or shoulder joint capsules, this posture may be difficult. Pashchima Namaskarasana Pashchima Namaskarasana (;IAST:Paścima Namaskārāsanā;)", "title": "Pashchima Namaskarasana" }, { "id": "5637402", "text": "A significant decrease in pain was observed over time following removal of the calcification. The study showed the overall effectiveness of arthroscopic procedures on shoulder repair, and the lack of risk experienced. Before surgery, supraspinatus tendonitis should be ruled out as the cause of pain. Supraspinatus muscle The supraspinatus (plural \"supraspinati\") is a relatively small muscle of the upper back that runs from the supraspinatous fossa superior portion of the scapula (shoulder blade) to the greater tubercle of the humerus. It is one of the four rotator cuff muscles and also abducts the arm at the shoulder. The spine of", "title": "Supraspinatus muscle" }, { "id": "1678689", "text": "the bone by the 25th year. Failure of bony union between the acromion and spine sometimes occurs (see os acromiale), the junction being effected by fibrous tissue, or by an imperfect articulation; in some cases of supposed fracture of the acromion with ligamentous union, it is probable that the detached segment was never united to the rest of the bone. The following muscles attach to the scapula: Movements of the scapula are brought about by the scapular muscles. The scapula can perform six actions: Because of its sturdy structure and protected location, fractures of the scapula are uncommon. When they", "title": "Scapula" }, { "id": "2070372", "text": "of structures in the region of the joint. The shoulder joint is the main joint of the shoulder. It is a ball and socket joint that allows the arm to rotate in a circular fashion or to hinge out and up away from the body. The joint capsule is a soft tissue envelope that encircles the glenohumeral joint and attaches to the scapula, humerus, and head of the biceps. It is lined by a thin, smooth synovial membrane. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles that surround the shoulder joint and contribute to the shoulder's stability. The muscles", "title": "Shoulder" } ]	what muscles attach to medial border of scapula
[ "Roman Peace" ]	[ { "id": "549242", "text": "Pax Romana The Pax Romana (Latin for \"Roman Peace\") was a long period of relative peace and stability experienced by the Roman Empire between the accession of Caesar Augustus, founder of the Roman principate, and the death of Marcus Aurelius, last of the \"good emperors\". Since it was inaugurated by Augustus with the end of the Final War of the Roman Republic, it is sometimes called the Pax Augusta. During this period of approximately 206 years (27 BC to AD 180), the Roman empire achieved its greatest territorial extent and its population reached a maximum of up to 70 million", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "549246", "text": "\"Pax Romana\" was broken by the First Jewish–Roman War, the Kitos War (also in Judea, 115–117), the Bar Kokhba Revolt (also known as the Third Jewish–Roman War), the Roman–Parthian War of 58–63, Trajan's Roman–Parthian War of 113, the Dacian Wars, various battles with Germanic tribes, including the Teutoburg Forest, and Boudica's war in Britain in AD 60 or 61. The Pax Romana began when Octavian (Augustus) defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in the Battle of Actium on 2 September 31 BC and became Roman emperor. He became princeps, or \"first citizen\". Lacking a good precedent of successful one-man rule, Augustus", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "549249", "text": "had been beaten down and lost the ability to resist. Augustus' challenge was to persuade Romans that the prosperity they could achieve in the absence of warfare was better for the Empire than the potential wealth and honor acquired when fighting a risky war. Augustus succeeded by means of skillful propaganda. Subsequent emperors followed his lead, sometimes producing lavish ceremonies to close the Gates of Janus, issuing coins with Pax on the reverse, and patronizing literature extolling the benefits of the Pax Romana. After Augustus' death in 14 AD, most of his successors as Roman emperors continued his politics. The", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "549248", "text": "BC with the commissioning of the Ara Pacis. At the time of the Ludi Saeculares in 17 BC the Concept of Peace was publicised, and in 13 BC was proclaimed when Augustus and Agrippa jointly returned from pacifying the provinces. The order to construct the Ara Pacis was no doubt part of this announcement. Augustus faced a problem making peace an acceptable mode of life for the Romans, who had been at war with one power or another continuously for 200 years. Romans regarded peace not as an absence of war, but the rare situation which existed when all opponents", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "4583193", "text": "Pax Syriana Pax Syriana (Lat., \"Syrian Peace\") is a historiographical term, modeled after the original phrase \"Pax Romana\", used in the study of international relations in Western Asia, usually pertaining to efforts by Syria to influence its neighbors, particularly Lebanon. The idea behind Pax Syriana is that Syria, through diplomacy and military strength, could secure peace in Lebanon. An earlier reference was published in \"Time\" magazine in 1976, referring to Syrian efforts to impose a truce during the early years of the Lebanese Civil War. It has recently been used to refer to the period between 1990 and 2005 when", "title": "Pax Syriana" }, { "id": "12469874", "text": "and \"Movimiento Internacional de Estudiantes Católicos\" in Spanish). \"Pax Romana\" (Latin) refers to over 200 years of peace during the days of the Roman Empire, including the life of Christ. The motto of Pax Romana is \"\"Pax Christi in regno Christi\"\" (Latin), which translates to \"peace of Christ in the kingdom of Christ\". In 1921, student leaders from 23 countries met in Fribourg, Switzerland to create what is today the International Movement of Catholic Students (IMCS/MIEC). They felt compelled to form an international union to organize for peace after the world had been shaken by World War I. Between the", "title": "Pax Romana (organization)" }, { "id": "2846349", "text": "Concordia (mythology) In ancient Roman religion, Concordia is the goddess who embodies agreement in marriage and society. Her Greek equivalent is usually regarded as Harmonia, with musical harmony a metaphor for an ideal of social concord or \"entente\" in the political discourse of the Republican era. She was thus often associated with Pax (\"Peace\") in representing a stable society. As such, she is more closely related to the Greek concept of \"homonoia\" (likemindedness), which was also represented by a goddess. Concordia Augusta was cultivated in the context of Imperial cult. Dedicatory inscriptions to her, on behalf of emperors and members", "title": "Concordia (mythology)" }, { "id": "549247", "text": "created a junta of the greatest military magnates and stood as the front man. By binding together these leading magnates in a coalition, he eliminated the prospect of civil war. The Pax Romana was not immediate, despite the end of the civil wars, because fighting continued in Hispania and in the Alps. Nevertheless, Augustus closed the Gates of Janus (a ceremony indicating that Rome was at peace) three times, first in 29 BC and again in 25 BC. The third closure is undocumented, but Inez Scott Ryberg (1949) and Gaius Stern (2006) have persuasively dated the third closure to 13", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "549253", "text": "The concept of Pax Romana was highly influential, and attempts to imitate it occurred in the Byzantine Empire, and in the Christian West, where it morphed into the Peace and Truce of God (\"pax Dei\" and \"treuga Dei\"). A theoretician of the imperial peace during the Middle Ages was Dante Aligheri. Dante's works on the topic were analyzed at the beginning of the 20th century by William Mitchell Ramsay in the book \"The Imperial Peace; An Ideal in European History\" (1913). Pax Romana The Pax Romana (Latin for \"Roman Peace\") was a long period of relative peace and stability experienced", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "1559283", "text": "Ara Pacis The Ara Pacis Augustae (Latin, \"Altar of Augustan Peace\"; commonly shortened to Ara Pacis) is an altar in Rome dedicated to Pax, the Roman goddess of Peace. The monument was commissioned by the Roman Senate on July 4, 13 BC to honor the return of Augustus to Rome after three years in Hispania and Gaul, and consecrated on January 30, 9 BC. Originally located on the northern outskirts of Rome, a Roman mile from the boundary of the \"pomerium\" on the west side of the Via Flaminia, it stood in the northeastern corner of the Campus Martius, the", "title": "Ara Pacis" }, { "id": "7532381", "text": "progress in therapy instead of love. Carmela expresses a jealousy towards Melfi that she's never felt about Tony's mistresses. Later, she tells Tony that she wants to be the woman in his life to help him, and Tony agrees. Later, at a banquet to Junior, FBI agents disguised as servers take photos of the event with button cameras. The FBI assumes that Tony remains a \"capo\" under Junior. The title is a reference to Pax Romana (Roman peace) and related terms (Pax Britannica, Pax Americana etc.), which refer to a lack of conflict over a long period of time due", "title": "Pax Soprana" }, { "id": "1559318", "text": "a good one.\" The mayor’s office said Alemanno hopes to complete the project before the end of his term in 2013. Ara Pacis The Ara Pacis Augustae (Latin, \"Altar of Augustan Peace\"; commonly shortened to Ara Pacis) is an altar in Rome dedicated to Pax, the Roman goddess of Peace. The monument was commissioned by the Roman Senate on July 4, 13 BC to honor the return of Augustus to Rome after three years in Hispania and Gaul, and consecrated on January 30, 9 BC. Originally located on the northern outskirts of Rome, a Roman mile from the boundary of", "title": "Ara Pacis" }, { "id": "564718", "text": "modern \"Pax Americana\" may be seen as similar to the period of peace in Rome, \"Pax Romana\". In both situations, the period of peace was 'relative peace'. During both \"Pax Romana\" and \"Pax Americana\" wars continued to occur, but it was still a prosperous time for both Western and Roman civilizations. It is important to note that during these periods, and most other times of relative tranquility, the peace that is referred to does not mean complete peace. Rather, it simply means that the civilization prospered in their military, agriculture, trade, and manufacturing. From the end of the Napoleonic Wars", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "8371883", "text": "infused with all the religious imagery and richness of the word \"shalom\" in the Hebrew Bible that had evolved over the history of the Jewish people. Subsequently, the use of the Greek Bible as the basis for St. Jerome’s Vulgate translation into Latin then brought all the new meanings of \"eirene\" to the Latin word \"pax\" and transformed it from a term for an imposed order of the sword, the \"Pax Romana\", into the chief image of peace for Western Christianity. The Gospels present the birth of Jesus as ushering in a new age of peace. In Luke, Zechariah celebrates", "title": "Catholic peace traditions" }, { "id": "564696", "text": "Pax Americana Pax Americana (Latin for \"American Peace\", modeled after \"Pax Romana\", \"Pax Britannica\", and \"Pax Mongolica\") is a term applied to the concept of relative peace in the Western Hemisphere and later the world beginning around the middle of the 20th century, thought to be caused by the preponderance of power enjoyed by the United States. Although the term finds its primary utility in the latter half of the 20th century, it has been used with different meanings and eras, such as the post-Civil War era in North America, and regionally in the Americas at the start of the", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "549250", "text": "last five emperors of the Pax Romana were considered the \"Five Good Emperors\". Roman trade in the Mediterranean increased during the Pax Romana. Romans sailed East to acquire silks, gems, onyx and spices. Romans benefited from large profits and incomes in the Roman empire were raised due to trade in the Mediterranean. As the Pax Romana of the western world by Rome was largely contemporaneous to the Pax Sinica of the eastern world by Han China, long-distance travel and trade in Eurasian history was significantly stimulated during these eras. The prominence of the concept of the \"Pax Romana\" led to", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "549251", "text": "historians coining variants of the term to describe other systems of relative peace that have been established, attempted, or argued to have existed. Some variants include: More generically, the concept has been referred to as \"pax imperia\", (sometimes spelled as \"pax imperium\") meaning \"imperial peace\", or—less literally—\"hegemonic peace\". Raymond Aron notes that imperial peace—peace achieved through hegemony—sometimes, but not always—can become civil peace. As an example, the German Empire's imperial peace of 1871 (over its internal components like Saxony) slowly evolved into the later German state. As a counter-example, the imperial peace of Alexander the Great's empire dissolved because the", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "1559293", "text": "more controversial in its subject, but far better preserved. A goddess sits amid a scene of fertility and prosperity with twins on her lap. Scholars have variously suggested that the goddess is Italia, Tellus (Earth), Venus, and Peace, although other views also circulate. Due to the widespread depiction around the sculpture of scenes of peace, and because the Altar is named for \"peace\", the favoured conclusion is that the goddess is Pax. The West Wall also contains two panels. The fragmentary \"Lupercal Panel\" apparently preserves the moment when Romulus and Remus were discovered by Faustulus the shepherd, while Mars looks", "title": "Ara Pacis" }, { "id": "19677395", "text": "members and families. There are allegations that notional capture and escapes of organized crime bosses might be ploys to maintain the peace. It has been felt that an increase in violence after a period of peace is due to a change in the status quo, for example, an increase in competition between groups or political interference. The name is usually used in reference to the Sicilian Mafia and other Italian organized crime groups. The name is modeled on the Latin Pax Romana (English: \"Roman Peace\"), which was a long period of relative peace in the Roman Empire due to its", "title": "Pax Mafiosa" }, { "id": "564745", "text": "institutions as evidence of imperialism, explanations for imperialism vary widely. In spite of such literature, the historians Archibald Paton Thorton and Stuart Creighton Miller argue against the very coherence of the concept. Miller argues that the overuse and abuse of the term \"imperialism\" makes it nearly meaningless as an analytical concept. Pax Americana Pax Americana (Latin for \"American Peace\", modeled after \"Pax Romana\", \"Pax Britannica\", and \"Pax Mongolica\") is a term applied to the concept of relative peace in the Western Hemisphere and later the world beginning around the middle of the 20th century, thought to be caused by the", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "18282933", "text": "garrison into the hands of the Romans. The armies of the consuls then went on to conquer Apollonia and relieve Epidamnos (soon renamed Dyrrhachium), thus establishing the first Roman foothold on the Greek mainland. Battle of Paxos The Battle of Paxos was a naval battle between a coalition of Illyrian tribes with their Acarnanian allies, against the allies of Corcyra (modern Corfu), the Achaean League and Aetolian League. The battle took place in the spring of 229 BC and was a direct consequence to the siege of Corcyra by the forces of queen Teuta. Polybius describes a cunning maritime stratagem", "title": "Battle of Paxos" }, { "id": "549243", "text": "people – a third of the world’s population. According to Cassius Dio, the dictatorial reign of Commodus, later followed by the Year of the Five Emperors and the crisis of the third century, marked the descent \"from a kingdom of gold to one of iron and rust\". The Pax Romana is said to have been a \"miracle\" because prior to it there had never been peace for so many centuries in a given period of history. However, Walter Goffart wrote: \"The volume of the \"Cambridge Ancient History\" for the years A.D. 70–192 is called 'The Imperial Peace', but peace is", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "366846", "text": "Roman law Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (c. 449 BC), to the \"Corpus Juris Civilis\" (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I. Roman law forms the basic framework for civil law, the most widely used legal system today, and the terms are sometimes used synonymously. The historical importance of Roman law is reflected by the continued use of Latin legal terminology in many legal systems influenced by it, including common law. After the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire,", "title": "Roman law" }, { "id": "344112", "text": "Rome. Since his rule ended a century of civil wars and began an unprecedented period of peace and prosperity, he was so loved that he came to hold the power of a monarch \"de facto\" if not \"de jure\". During the years of his rule, a new constitutional order emerged (in part organically and in part by design), so that, upon his death, this new constitutional order operated as before when Tiberius was accepted as the new emperor. The 200 years that began with Augustus's rule is traditionally regarded as the \"Pax Romana\" (\"Roman Peace\"). During this period, the cohesion", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "1974003", "text": "peace flag also became international peace symbols. The use of the olive branch as a symbol of peace in Western civilization dates at least to 5th century BC Greece. The olive branch, which the Greeks believed represented plenty and drove away evil spirits, was one of the attributes of Eirene, the Greek goddess of peace. Eirene (whom the Romans called Pax), appeared on Roman Imperial coins with an olive branch. The Roman poet Virgil (70–10 BC) associated \"the plump olive\" with Pax and he used the olive branch as a symbol of peace in his \"Aeneid\": <poem>High on the stern", "title": "Peace symbols" }, { "id": "564734", "text": "\"Leadership\", translated into Greek, renders \"hegemony\"; an alternative translation is \"archia\" – Greek common word for \"empire\". Having defined the US hegemony as \"not true\", Nye looks for an analogy to the true empire: Decline, he writes, is not necessarily imminent. \"Rome remained dominant for more than three centuries after the peak of its power ... In fact, there are striking parallels with the early \"Pax Romana\" (especially between 189 BC when the supremacy over the Mediterranean was won and the first annexation in 168 BC). Under that \"Pax Romana\" other states remained formally independent and very seldom were called", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "14275900", "text": "part of the commander's ritual investiture with \"imperium\". It followed upon the sacrifices and vows the commander offered up on the Capitol, and was concomitant with his possession of the auspices for war. Festus notes elsewhere that the \"Salian virgins\", whose relation to the Salian priests is unclear, performed their rituals \"paludatae\", dressed in military garb. \"Pax\", though usually translated into English as \"peace,\" was a compact, bargain or agreement. In religious usage, the harmony or accord between the divine and human was the \"pax deorum\" or \"pax divom\" (\"the peace of the gods\" or \"divine peace\"). \"Pax deorum\" was", "title": "Glossary of ancient Roman religion" }, { "id": "16313156", "text": "240-250 AD. Stamps were also found in Alphen aan den Rijn (\"Albaniana\"), Utrecht, Vechten (\"Fectio\") and Cologne (\"Colonia Agrippina\"). These were probably build by the material the soldiers of the 15th cohort fabricated. The civilians are formed by Batavians and Romans. The \"Batavi\" were an ancient Germanic tribe, originally part of the Chatti, that lived around the Rhine delta, in the area that is currently the Netherlands, from the second half of the first century BC to the third century AD. The Roman civilians distinguish themselves by the use of more 'Romanised' clothing, jewelry and haircuts. Pax Romana has multiple", "title": "Pax Romana (reenactment)" }, { "id": "366853", "text": "all applicable rules or give legal solutions for all possible cases. Rather, the tables contained specific provisions designed to change the then-existing customary law. Although the provisions pertain to all areas of law, the largest part is dedicated to private law and civil procedure. Many laws include \"Lex Canuleia\" (445 BC; which allowed the marriage—\"ius connubii\"—between patricians and plebeians), \"Leges Licinae Sextiae\" (367 BC; which made restrictions on possession of public lands—\"ager publicus\"—and also made sure that one of the consuls was plebeian), \"Lex Ogulnia\" (300 BC; plebeians received access to priest posts), and \"Lex Hortensia\" (287 BC; verdicts of", "title": "Roman law" }, { "id": "4873671", "text": "because she had given it the better gift. Olive wreaths were worn by brides and awarded to olympic victors. The olive branch was one of the attributes of Eirene on Roman Imperial coins. For example, the reverse of a tetradrachm of Vespasian from Alexandria, 70-71 CE, shows Eirene standing holding a branch upward in her right hand. The Roman poet Virgil (70-19 BC) associated \"the plump olive\" with the goddess Pax (the Roman Eirene) and he used the olive branch as a symbol of peace in his \"Aeneid\": For the Romans, there was an intimate relationship between war and peace,", "title": "Olive branch" }, { "id": "564731", "text": "stable, and durable. It has, over the past decade, provided the geopolitical framework for widespread economic growth and the spread of American principles of liberty and democracy. Yet no moment in international politics can be frozen in time; even a global \"Pax Americana\" will not preserve itself. [... What is required is] a military that is strong and ready to meet both present and future challenges; a foreign policy that boldly and purposefully promotes American principles abroad; and national leadership that accepts the United States' global responsibilities. This is reflected in the research of American exceptionalism, which shows that \"there", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "549245", "text": "date: Sicily after 210 [BC], the Italian Peninsula after 200 [BC]; the Po Valley after 190 [BC]; most of the Iberian Peninsula after 133 [BC]; North Africa after 100 [BC]; and for ever longer stretches of time in the Greek East.\" The first known record of the term \"Pax Romana\" appears in a writing by Seneca the Younger in 55 AD. The concept was highly influential, and the subject of theories and attempts to copy it in subsequent ages. Arnaldo Momigliano noted that \"\"Pax Romana\" is a simple formula for propaganda, but a difficult subject for research.\" In fact, the", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "1778769", "text": "Romans could read and know them. Some of the provisions are procedural to ensure fairness amongst all Romans in the courts, while other established legal terms dictating the legality of capital crimes, intentional homicide, treason, perjury, judicial corruption, and writing slanderous poems. The Romans valued keeping peace in the city and the Twelve Tables were a mechanism of establishing and continuing peace and equality. The laws the Twelve Tables covered were a way to publicly display rights that each citizen had in the public and private sphere. These Twelve Tables displayed what was previously understood in Roman society as the", "title": "Twelve Tables" }, { "id": "564714", "text": "to enter on it. [...] There is in America little of that spirit of selfish aggression which lies at the heart of militarism. Here alone exists a broad basis for \"a new passionate sense of brotherhood, and a new scale of human values.\" We have a deep abhorrence of war for war's sake; we are not enamored of glamour or glory. We have a strong faith in the principle of self-government. We do not care to dominate alien peoples, white or colored; we do not aspire to be the Romans of tomorrow or the \"masters of the world.\" The idealism", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "564698", "text": "with \"Pax Britannica\" (1815–1914) under the British Empire, which served as the global hegemon and constabulary from the late 18th century until the early 20th century. The first articulation of a \"Pax Americana\" occurred after the end of the American Civil War with reference to the peaceful nature of the North American geographical region, and was abeyant at the commencement of the First World War. Its emergence was concurrent with the development of the idea of American exceptionalism. This view holds that the U.S. occupies a special niche among developed nations in terms of its national credo, historical evolution, political", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "16313154", "text": "school visits and film and TV projects in the form of advice, equipment and cast. As their members come from all over the Netherlands, the society has no primary base. There are currently (2015) around twenty members, of which about fifteen in Roman military life. The military members are encouraged to create a fictional character to portray at events. In order to provide the greatest degree of authenticity the group uses accurate reproductions of equipment, and strives to copy authentic haircuts, mannerisms and so on through research and under advice from archaeologists and historians. While the men mainly portray the", "title": "Pax Romana (reenactment)" }, { "id": "564700", "text": "had no anxieties: no standing armies to require taxes and hinder labor; no wars or rumors of wars that would interrupt trade; there is not only peace, but security, for the Pax Americana of the Union covered all the states within the federal constitutional republic. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first time the phrase appeared in print was in the August 1894 issue of \"Forum\": \"The true cause for exultation is the universal outburst of patriotism in support of the prompt and courageous action of President Cleveland in maintaining the supremacy of law throughout the length and breadth", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "344174", "text": "war machine by \"organizing the communities that they conquered in Italy into a system that generated huge reservoirs of manpower for their army... Their main demand of all defeated enemies was they provide men for the Roman army every year.\" The primary mission of the Roman military of the early empire was to preserve the Pax Romana. The three major divisions of the military were: The pervasiveness of military garrisons throughout the Empire was a major influence in the process of cultural exchange and assimilation known as \"Romanization,\" particularly in regard to politics, the economy, and religion. Knowledge of the", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "16313158", "text": "the Revolt of Saturninus. The \"classis Germanica\" rendered outstanding services in multitudinous landing operations. In 46, a naval expedition made a push deep into the Black Sea region and even travelled on the Tanais. In 47 a revolt by the Chauci, who took to piratical activities along the Gallic coast, was subdued by Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. By 57 an expeditionary corps reached Chersonesos (see Charax, Crimea). Gladiatorial combats are well known as public entertainment in ancient Roman times. Pax Romana currently has a retiarius, secutor, Thraex, hoplomachus and murmillo. The \"Cohortes Urbanae\" served as a police force in Rome and", "title": "Pax Romana (reenactment)" }, { "id": "18817066", "text": "symbolic distractions from faith, although the pax is not singled out for much special disparagement in Protestant polemics. The only exception were the Anabaptists, who instead kissed on meeting both in normal life and at services; this only stiffened the disdain felt by other Protestants. By about 1600 the use of the Kiss of Peace had declined and changed in Catholic practice as well. No longer regarded as a general ceremony of reconciliation, but as one of greeting those deserving honour, it was now restricted to the clergy and the choir, as well as magistrates and male nobility. It was", "title": "Pax (liturgical object)" }, { "id": "5067479", "text": "Pax (liturgy) In Christian liturgy, \"the Pax\" is an abbreviation of the Latin salutations \"\"pax vobis\"\" (\"peace to you\") or \"\"pax vobiscum\"\" (\"peace with you\"), which are used in the Catholic Mass and Lutheran Divine Service. Like the other liturgical salutations, \"e. g.\", \"\"Dominus vobiscum\"\", the \"Pax\" is of biblical origin. The Vulgate version of the Gospels contains such forms as \"\"veniet pax vestra\"\", \"\"pax vestra revertetur ad vos\"\" (literally, \"may your peace return to you\"; figuratively, \"let your peace rest on you\" or \"may you be treated with the peace with which you treat others\" ()), \"\"pax huic domui\"\"", "title": "Pax (liturgy)" }, { "id": "837424", "text": "for Proserpina. Ceres bears a torch, sometimes two, and rides in a chariot drawn by snakes; or she sits on the sacred \"kiste\" (chest) that conceals the objects of her mystery rites. Sometimes she holds a caduceus, a symbol of Pax (Roman goddess of Peace). Augustan reliefs show her emergence, plant-like from the earth, her arms entwined by snakes, her outstretched hands bearing poppies and wheat, or her head crowned with fruits and vines. In free-standing statuary, she commonly wears a wheat-crown, or holds a wheat spray. Moneyers of the Republican era use Ceres' image, wheat ears and garlands to", "title": "Ceres (mythology)" }, { "id": "564699", "text": "and religious institutions, and unique origins. The concept originates from Alexis de Tocqueville, who asserted that the then-50-year-old United States held a special place among nations because it was a country of immigrants and the first modern democracy. From the establishment of the United States after the American Revolution until the Spanish–American War, the foreign policy of the United States had a regional, instead of global, focus. The Pax Americana, which the Union enforced upon the states of central North America, was a factor in the United States' national prosperity. The larger states were surrounded by smaller states, but these", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "344183", "text": "Roman and local law was thought to reflect an underlying \"ius gentium\", the \"law of nations\" or international law regarded as common and customary among all human communities. If the particulars of provincial law conflicted with Roman law or custom, Roman courts heard appeals, and the emperor held final authority to render a decision. In the West, law had been administered on a highly localized or tribal basis, and private property rights may have been a novelty of the Roman era, particularly among Celtic peoples. Roman law facilitated the acquisition of wealth by a pro-Roman elite who found their new", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "20611086", "text": "delivered in a range of Spanish-speaking countries. The third generation of the PAA assesses students on three components: Verbal Reasoning, Mathematical Reasoning, and Indirect Writing. Scores on each section range from 200 to 800. The fourth generation of the PAA, launched in Puerto Rico in December 2017, assesses three components: Reading and Writing, Mathematics, and English as a Second Language. A 200- to 800-point scale is used for each component. This use of scaled scoring for a test score is typical of many assessments, as it facilitates score reporting after test equating. Research has supported the reliability and validity of", "title": "PAA (test)" }, { "id": "6944882", "text": "Pagus In the later Western Roman Empire, following the reorganization of Diocletian, a pagus (compare French \"pays\", Spanish \"pago\", \"a region, terroir\") became the smallest administrative district of a province. By that time the word had long been in use with various meanings. Smith's \"Dictionary\" says of it, \"The meaning of this word cannot be given in precise and absolute terms, partly because we can have no doubt that its significance varied greatly between the earliest and the later times of Roman history, partly because of its application by Latin writers to similar, but not identical, communities outside Italy ...\"", "title": "Pagus" }, { "id": "3766367", "text": "Pax Sinica Pax Sinica (Latin for \"Chinese peace\") is a historiographical term, modeled after the original phrase \"Pax Romana\", applied to the period of peace in East Asia, maintained by Chinese hegemony. During this period, long-distance trade flourished, cities ballooned, standards of living rose, and the population surged. It is usually the period of rule by the Western Zhou, Han, Tang, Ming, and Qing dynasties. During these periods, China maintained the dominant civilization in the region, due to its political, economic, military and cultural power. The Pax Sinica of the eastern world by Han China coincided with the Pax Romana", "title": "Pax Sinica" }, { "id": "1447097", "text": "Pax Britannica Pax Britannica (Latin for \"British Peace\", modelled after \"Pax Romana\") was the period of relative peace between the Great Powers during which the British Empire became the global hegemonic power and adopted the role of a global police force. Between 1815 and 1914, a period referred to as Britain's \"imperial century\", around of territory and roughly 400 million people were added to the British Empire. Victory over Napoleonic France left the British without any serious international rival, other than perhaps Russia in central Asia. When Russia tried expanding its influence in the Balkans, the British and French defeated", "title": "Pax Britannica" }, { "id": "7562107", "text": "Ager publicus The ager publicus (, \"public land\") is the Latin name for the public land of Ancient Rome. It was usually acquired via the means of expropriation from enemies of Rome. In the earliest periods of Roman expansion in central Italy, the \"ager publicus\" was used for Roman and (after 338 BC) Latin colonies. Later tradition held that as far back as the 5th century BC, the Patrician and Plebeian classes disputed the rights of the rich to exploit the land, and in 367 BC two Plebeian Tribunes, Gaius Licinius Stolo and Lucius Sextius Sextinus Lateranus promulgated a law", "title": "Ager publicus" }, { "id": "349288", "text": "were held on the ninth day. Each month was presided over by a particular, usually major deity. The oldest calendars were lunar, structured around the most significant periods in the agricultural cycle, and the religious duties required to yield a good harvest. Before any campaign or battle, Roman commanders took auspices, or haruspices, to seek the gods' opinion regarding the likely outcome. Military success was achieved through a combination of personal and collective \"virtus\" (roughly, \"manly virtue\") and divine will. Triumphal generals dressed as Jupiter Capitolinus, and laid their victor's laurels at his feet. Religious negligence, or lack of \"virtus\",", "title": "Roman Republic" }, { "id": "7532382", "text": "to the unchallenged rule of a single dominant power, which Tony hopes to achieve within the Soprano family. Pax Romana was an era initiated by the Roman emperor Augustus, mentioned by Tony in his conversation with Uncle Junior. In 2015, Alan Sepinwall argued that \"Pax Soprana\" is \"so fraught with discomfort and complications with both family and Family (and whatever separate sphere Melfi occupies) that it's nearly as compelling in its own right as last week's Very Special Episode.\" Todd VanDerWerff of \"The A.V. Club\" wrote that the episode \"isn't a tremendous hour of television like 'College' was, but it", "title": "Pax Soprana" }, { "id": "579700", "text": "Appian Way The Appian Way (Latin and Italian: \"Via Appia\") is one of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in southeast Italy. Its importance is indicated by its common name, recorded by Statius: The road is named after Appius Claudius Caecus, the Roman censor who began and completed the first section as a military road to the south in 312 BC during the Samnite Wars. The Appian Way was used as a main route for military supplies since its construction for that purpose in 312 B.C. The Appian Way", "title": "Appian Way" }, { "id": "350621", "text": "Roman roads Roman roads (Latin: \"viae Romanae\" IPA: ; singular: \"via Romana\" IPA: ; meaning \"Roman way\") were physical infrastructure vital to the maintenance and development of the Roman state, and were built from about 300 BC through the expansion and consolidation of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. They provided efficient means for the overland movement of armies, officials, and civilians, and the inland carriage of official communications and trade goods. Roman roads were of several kinds, ranging from small local roads to broad, long-distance highways built to connect cities, major towns and military bases. These major roads", "title": "Roman roads" }, { "id": "349129", "text": "Roman Republic The Roman Republic (, ; ) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. Roman society under the Republic was a cultural mix of Latin, Etruscan, and Greek elements, which is especially visible in the Roman Pantheon. Its political organisation was strongly influenced by the Greek city states of Magna Graecia, with collective", "title": "Roman Republic" }, { "id": "16313157", "text": "projects portraying different types of Roman military units. The \"Classis Germanica\" was established in 12 BC by Drusus at Castra Vetera. It controlled the Rhine river, and was mainly a fluvial fleet, although it also operated in the North Sea. It is noteworthy that the Romans' initial lack of experience with the tides of the ocean left Drusus' fleet stranded on the Zuyder Zee. After ca. 30 AD, the fleet moved its main base to the \"castrum\" of Alteburg, some 4 km south of \"Colonia Agrippinensis\" (modern Cologne). Later granted the honorifics \"Augusta Pia Fidelis Domitiana\" following the suppression of", "title": "Pax Romana (reenactment)" }, { "id": "2528249", "text": "much higher status as a form of respect, camaraderie, or propaganda. After the fall of the Republic, Roman emperors initially referred to themselves only as \"princeps\" despite having power of life and death over their \"fellow citizens\". Various modern figures such as the Chair of the Federal Reserve, the prime minister of parliamentary regimes, the Federal President of Switzerland, the Chief Justice of the United States, the Chief Justice of the Philippines, the Archbishop of Canterbury of the Anglican Communion and the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church fall under both senses: bearing higher status and various additional powers", "title": "Primus inter pares" }, { "id": "6944890", "text": "\"Gau\". In Latin texts, a canton of the Helvetic Confederacy is rendered \"pagus\". Pagus In the later Western Roman Empire, following the reorganization of Diocletian, a pagus (compare French \"pays\", Spanish \"pago\", \"a region, terroir\") became the smallest administrative district of a province. By that time the word had long been in use with various meanings. Smith's \"Dictionary\" says of it, \"The meaning of this word cannot be given in precise and absolute terms, partly because we can have no doubt that its significance varied greatly between the earliest and the later times of Roman history, partly because of its", "title": "Pagus" }, { "id": "19677394", "text": "Pax Mafiosa The Pax Mafiosa is a term describing a state of relative non-violence in the territories of organized crime groups caused by agreements not to interfere in criminal activities. The \"peace\" has been described as a state of relative non-violence. This is generated from an agreement between different competing organized crime groups to not compete in criminal activity and territory, leading to a stable peace. Governmental authorities may also agree to this peace for their citizens, by non-interference in drug trafficking and other criminal activities. Conversely, organized crime groups benefit from reduced competition and risk, and non-harassment of their", "title": "Pax Mafiosa" }, { "id": "6914535", "text": "Pax Imperia: Eminent Domain Pax Imperia: Eminent Domain is a real-time strategy video game. The game emphasizes empire building and customization. \"Pax Imperia\" is a Latin term, meaning peace from empire. See also: Pax Romana. Other examples of \"Pax\" include, but are not limited to: Pax Britannica, Pax Americana, and Pax Sinica. Instead of using a single large map as do most of the current real-time strategy games, Pax Imperia\" revolves around star systems connected by wormholes or jump points, which connect a system of star systems in a large web. The game allowed for the player to customise the", "title": "Pax Imperia: Eminent Domain" }, { "id": "564715", "text": "of Americans centers in the future of America, wherein we hope to work out those principles of liberty and democracy to which we are committed This political idealism, this strain of pacifism, this abstinence from aggression and desire to be left alone to work out our own destiny, has been manifest from the birth of the republic. We have not always followed our light, but we have never been utterly faithless to it. It was observed during this time that the initial defeat of Germany opened a moral recasting of the world. The battles between Germans and Allies were seen", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "8830111", "text": "with the period after World War I, when only Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace remained under Turkish rule. The term is derived by analogy from the more common \"Pax Romana\", \"the Roman Peace\". Pax Ottomana In historiography, the Pax Ottomana (literally \"the Ottoman Peace\") or Pax Ottomanica is the economic and social stability attained in the conquered provinces of the Ottoman Empire, which, at the height of the Empire's power during the 16th and 17th centuries, applied to lands in the Balkans, Anatolia, the Middle East, North Africa and the Caucasus. The term is preferred in particular by historians and", "title": "Pax Ottomana" }, { "id": "5155660", "text": "Pari passu Pari passu is a Latin phrase that literally means \"with an equal step\" or \"on equal footing\". It is sometimes translated as \"ranking equally\", \"hand-in-hand\", \"with equal force\", or \"moving together\", and by extension, \"fairly\", \"without partiality\". This term is commonly used in law. \"Black's Law Dictionary\" (8th ed., 2004) defines \"pari passu\" as \"proportionally; at an equal pace; without preference\". In inheritance, an \"in pari passu\" (\"per capita\") distribution can be distinguished from a \"per stirpes\" (by family branch) distribution. For example, suppose a testator had two children A and B. A has two children, and B", "title": "Pari passu" }, { "id": "344106", "text": "Romans evolved into the Romance languages of the medieval and modern world. Its adoption of Christianity led to the formation of Christendom during the Middle Ages. Classical and Roman art had a profound impact on the late medieval Italian Renaissance, while Rome's republican institutions influenced the political development of later republics such as the United States. Rome's architectural tradition served as the basis for Neoclassical architecture. The Roman Empire was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time. It was one of the largest empires in world history. At its height under", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "344302", "text": "man who \"survived the end of his world\". Religion in the Roman Empire encompassed the practices and beliefs the Romans regarded as their own, as well as the many cults imported to Rome or practised by peoples throughout the provinces. The Romans thought of themselves as highly religious, and attributed their success as a world power to their collective piety \"(pietas)\" in maintaining good relations with the gods \"(pax deorum)\". The archaic religion believed to have been handed down from the earliest kings of Rome was the foundation of the \"mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\" or \"tradition\", viewed", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "14859770", "text": "the Emperor Augustus Caesar sent an army to conquer the last Ligurian tribes, around modern Sisteron, Digne, Castellane and in other mountainous valleys, who still resisted Roman domination. In 8 BC the Emperor Augustus built a triumphal monument at La Turbie to commemorate the final pacification of the region. The \"Pax Romana\", or Roman Peace, in Provence lasted for nearly three centuries. During this period, all of Provence, from the Alps to the Pyrenées for the first time had the same language, administration, currency and culture. Residents of Provence felt secure enough to give up their fortified hilltop towns and", "title": "History of Provence" }, { "id": "366864", "text": "the west. Classical law was replaced by so-called vulgar law. The Roman Republic's constitution or \"mos maiorum\" (\"custom of the ancestors\") was an unwritten set of guidelines and principles passed down mainly through precedent. Concepts that originated in the Roman constitution live on in constitutions to this day. Examples include checks and balances, the separation of powers, vetoes, filibusters, quorum requirements, term limits, impeachments, the powers of the purse, and regularly scheduled elections. Even some lesser used modern constitutional concepts, such as the block voting found in the electoral college of the United States, originate from ideas found in the", "title": "Roman law" }, { "id": "8953472", "text": "of the emperors - idealizations summarizing all the virtues that should be possessed by the exceptional man worthy of governing the Empire. In earlier portraits, Augustus allowed himself to be portrayed in monarchical fashion, but amended these with later more diplomatic images that represented him as \"primus inter pares\". The head and neck were produced separately in Parian marble and inserted to the torso. The statue's iconography is frequently compared to that of the \"carmen saeculare\" by Horace, and commemorates Augustus's establishment of the Pax Romana. The breastplate is carved in relief with numerous small figures depicting the return, thanks", "title": "Augustus of Prima Porta" }, { "id": "366884", "text": "in civil law jurisdictions. As steps towards a unification of the private law in the member states of the European Union are being taken, the old \"jus commune\", which was the common basis of legal practice everywhere in Europe, but allowed for many local variants, is seen by many as a model. Roman law Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (c. 449 BC), to the \"Corpus Juris Civilis\" (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I. Roman law forms the basic", "title": "Roman law" }, { "id": "344128", "text": "throughout the Empire, but was not imposed officially on peoples brought under Roman rule. This policy contrasts with that of Alexander the Great, who aimed to impose Greek throughout his empire as the official language. As a consequence of Alexander's conquests, koine Greek had become the shared language around the eastern Mediterranean and into Asia Minor. The \"linguistic frontier\" dividing the Latin West and the Greek East passed through the Balkan peninsula. Romans who received an elite education studied Greek as a literary language, and most men of the governing classes could speak Greek. The Julio-Claudian emperors encouraged high standards", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "18282925", "text": "Battle of Paxos The Battle of Paxos was a naval battle between a coalition of Illyrian tribes with their Acarnanian allies, against the allies of Corcyra (modern Corfu), the Achaean League and Aetolian League. The battle took place in the spring of 229 BC and was a direct consequence to the siege of Corcyra by the forces of queen Teuta. Polybius describes a cunning maritime stratagem mastered by the Illyrian fleet. The Illyrians took four triremes and sank a quinquereme, while the rest of the Greeks managed to escape. This resulted in the Illyrian forces establishing a garrison in Corcyra,", "title": "Battle of Paxos" }, { "id": "11917331", "text": "Roman de Gare Crossed Tracks () is a 2007 French film directed by Claude Lelouch (who appears in credits as Hervé Picard). The film follows a novelist, her ghost writer, and a wayward young woman as a chance encounter at a rest stop interrupts the delicate balance of their lives. French actor Dominique Pinon received wide praise for his rare turn as the film's leading man. The title is French slang for \"trashy novel one reads in a train or train station\" similar to the English phrase \"airport novel\". As the movie opens, a woman writer with a recently bestselling", "title": "Roman de Gare" }, { "id": "11179889", "text": "Eirene (goddess) Eirene (; , \"Eirēnē\", , \"Peace\"), more commonly known in English as Peace, was one of the Horae, the personification of peace. She was depicted in art as a beautiful young woman carrying a cornucopia, sceptre, and a torch or rhyton. She is said sometimes to be the daughter of Zeus and Themis and sister of Dike and Eunomia. Her Roman equivalent was Pax. Eirene was particularly well regarded by the citizens of Athens. After a naval victory over Sparta in 375 BC, the Athenians established a cult for Peace, erecting altars to her. They held an annual", "title": "Eirene (goddess)" }, { "id": "549252", "text": "Greek city states maintained their political identity and more importantly, embryos of their own armed forces. Aron notes that during the Pax Romana, the Jewish war was a reminder that the overlapping of the imperial institutions over the local ones did not erase them and the overlap was a source of tension and flare-ups. Aron summarizes that, \"In other words, \"imperial peace\" becomes civil peace insofar as the memory of the previously independent political units are effaced, insofar as individuals within a pacified zone feel themselves less united to the traditional or local community and more to the conquering state.\"", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "349240", "text": "powers (consuls and praetors). It also elected censors. Only the Comitia Centuriata could declare war, and ratify the results of a census. It also served as the highest court of appeal in certain judicial cases. The assembly of the tribes (i.e., the citizens of Rome), the Comitia Tributa, was presided over by a consul, and was composed of 35 tribes. The tribes were not ethnic or kinship groups, but rather geographical subdivisions. The order that the thirty-five tribes would vote in was selected randomly by lot. Once a measure received support from a majority of the tribes, the voting would", "title": "Roman Republic" }, { "id": "2528248", "text": "Primus inter pares Primus inter pares (, ) is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals. It is typically used as an honorary title for someone who is formally equal to other members of their group but are accorded unofficial respect, traditionally owing to their seniority in office. Historically, the \"princeps senatus\" of the Roman Senate was such a figure and initially bore only the distinction that he was allowed to speak first during debate. Also, Constantine the Great was given the role of \"primus inter pares\". However, the term is also often used ironically or self-deprecatingly by leaders with", "title": "Primus inter pares" }, { "id": "20680145", "text": "Dioceses, religious orders, church congregations and their social services, but does accept private customers. , the bank has 190 members of staff at the Cologne headquarter and six branches in German and representative office in Rome in close proximity to the Vatican. It has approximately 30,000 customers (private/institutions). The bank focuses on socially responsible investing (e.g. microfinance investments) and investment management. It also provides LIGA Pay Union Funds, real estate consultation, EU-development funds, fundraising and foundation consultation services. The bank itself says that ethics and sustainability are important to its business and determines the economic actions it takes in the", "title": "Pax-Bank" }, { "id": "18817065", "text": "was circulating from 1286, do not mention the pax. But the first vernacular translation, in French from 1382, has an inserted mention of \"la paix porter\". A synod in Prague in 1355 is the first mention from the Holy Roman Empire; the synod recommended that the pax should be introduced if congregations were reluctant to exchange actual kisses. Other evidence, including surviving paxes, shows it spread at least to Italy, Germany and Spain, and was probably standard in Western European churches by the Reformation. In Protestantism the pax, and all thought of actual kisses was abandoned as useless and undesirable", "title": "Pax (liturgical object)" }, { "id": "378336", "text": "BC and 25 May 567 BC (the date of the third triumph is not legible on the \"Fasti\"). Most of the reforms credited to Servius extended voting rights to certain groups — in particular to Rome's citizen-commoners (known in the Republican era as plebs), minor landholders hitherto disqualified from voting by ancestry, status or ethnicity. The same reforms simultaneously defined the fiscal and military obligations of all Roman citizens. As a whole, the so-called Servian reforms probably represent a long-drawn, complex and piecemeal process of populist policy and reform, extending from Servius' predecessors, Ancus Marcius and Tarquinius Priscus, to his", "title": "Servius Tullius" }, { "id": "15897440", "text": "Lusitania), since it was located on a strategic roadway junction with connection Myrtilis Iulia (a harbor city along the Guadiana river). Sometime between 31 and 27 B.C., during the reign of the emperor Augustus, the city was granted the status of \"municipium\" following the Battle of Actium, and the colonists ascribed to the \"gens Galeria\". It was at this time that a new designation began to appear: \"Pax Augusta\" (referring to the \"peace of Augustus\") as mentioned by Strabo. Archeology excavations during the 20th century uncovered the remains of a large Roman temple, , dating to the first century A.D.", "title": "Pax Julia" }, { "id": "16313153", "text": "Pax Romana (reenactment) Pax Romana is a Classical reenactment society based in the Netherlands, with the main goal to show Romans in the Netherlands as they would have lived in the last quarter of the first century AD. The group was set up in 2007 by a group of Ancient Rome enthusiasts, including archaeologists and a Latinist. The group is member of the Landelijk Platform voor Levende Geschiedenis. Pax Romana works as a living history and re-enactment group. The goal is primarily education and is put into practice through the medium of displays (military encampments and civilian cooking and crafts),", "title": "Pax Romana (reenactment)" }, { "id": "5099885", "text": "swore allegiance to Octavian Augustus and was then organized in eleven regions from the Alps to the Ionian Sea. More than two centuries of stability followed, during which Italy was referred to as the \"rectrix mundi\" (queen of the world) and \"omnium terrarum parens\" (motherland of all lands). Several emperors made notable accomplishments in this period: Claudius incorporated Britain into the Roman Empire, Vespasian subjugated the Great Revolt of Judea and reformed the financial system, Trajan conquered Dacia and defeated Parthia, and Marcus Aurelius epitomized the ideal of the philosopher king. The crisis of the third century hit Italy particularly", "title": "Roman Italy" }, { "id": "19866370", "text": "city, such as Roma, the patron deity of the city, or the Roman eagle. That was useful as the Roman world expanded and symbols of Rome became more important in maintaining unity. By the 1st century AD, the she-wolf was common in both Rome and the provinces. She and the twins were featured on the elaborate Ara Pacis, built in honor of Augustus and dedicated to Pax, the goddess of peace. Coins with their depiction were minted and widely circulated. They were also produced in Roman Colonies as a way to express their own \"Roman-ness\". They have been found on", "title": "She-wolf (Roman mythology)" }, { "id": "15897439", "text": "Pax Julia Pax Iulia (also known as \"Colonia Civitas Pacensis\") was a city in the Roman province of Lusitania (today situated in the Portuguese municipality of Beja). The region was inhabited during 400 B.C. by Celtic tribes, but there are indications that Carthaginian settlers occupied the territory, from the writings of 2nd century scholars Polybius and Claudius Ptolemy. In 48 B.C., it was renamed \"Pax Iulia\" (referring to the \"peace of the \"gens\" Julia\") by Julius Caesar following the peace between Rome and the Lusitani. The settlement became the centre of the \"conventus iuridicus\" Pacensis, (in the Roman province of", "title": "Pax Julia" }, { "id": "349304", "text": "from their mothers in the art of spinning, weaving, and sewing. Schooling in a more formal sense was begun around 200. Education began at the age of around six, and in the next six to seven years, boys and girls were expected to learn the basics of reading, writing and counting. By the age of twelve, they would be learning Latin, Greek, grammar and literature, followed by training for public speaking. Effective oratory and good Latin were highly valued among the elite, and were essential to a career in law or politics. In the 3rd century, Greek art taken as", "title": "Roman Republic" }, { "id": "148759", "text": "the Bulgarian national motto \"Union gives strength\" (Съединението прави силата). However, bundled birch twigs could also symbolise corporal punishment (see birching). The \"fasces lictoriae\" (\"bundles of the lictors\") symbolised power and authority (\"imperium\") in ancient Rome, beginning with the early Roman Kingdom and continuing through the republican and imperial periods. By republican times, use of the fasces was surrounded with tradition and protocol. A corps of \"apparitores\" (subordinate officials) called lictors each carried fasces before a magistrate, in a number corresponding to his rank. Lictors preceded consuls (and proconsuls), praetors (and propraetors), dictators, curule aediles, quaestors, and the Flamen Dialis", "title": "Fasces" }, { "id": "344136", "text": "create a sense of shared identity while encompassing diverse peoples within its political system over a long span of time. The Roman attention to creating public monuments and communal spaces open to all—such as forums, amphitheatres, racetracks and baths—helped foster a sense of \"Romanness\". Roman society had multiple, overlapping social hierarchies that modern concepts of \"class\" in English may not represent accurately. The two decades of civil war from which Augustus rose to sole power left traditional society in Rome in a state of confusion and upheaval, but did not effect an immediate redistribution of wealth and social power. From", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "5067483", "text": "of the use of \"\"pax\"\". In Christian epigraphy, there are a variety of formulae: \"\"pax\"\"; \"\"in pace\"\"; \"\"pax tecum\"\"; \"\"vivas in pace\"\"; \"\"requiescat in pace\"\"; \"\"pax Christi tecum sit\"\"; \"\"anima dulcissima requiescas in pace\"\"; \"\"dormit in pace\"\"; and \"\"in locum refrigerii, lucis et pacis\"\" (from the formula of the Mass at the Momento of the Dead). For the formula Pax and other formulas in funeral epigraphy: Pax (liturgy) In Christian liturgy, \"the Pax\" is an abbreviation of the Latin salutations \"\"pax vobis\"\" (\"peace to you\") or \"\"pax vobiscum\"\" (\"peace with you\"), which are used in the Catholic Mass and Lutheran", "title": "Pax (liturgy)" }, { "id": "366854", "text": "plebeian assemblies—\"plebiscita\"—now bind all people). Another important statute from the Republican era is the \"Lex Aquilia\" of 286 BC, which may be regarded as the root of modern tort law. However, Rome's most important contribution to European legal culture was not the enactment of well-drafted statutes, but the emergence of a class of professional jurists (\"prudentes\", sing. \"prudens\", or \"jurisprudentes\") and of a legal science. This was achieved in a gradual process of applying the scientific methods of Greek philosophy to the subject of law, a subject which the Greeks themselves never treated as a science. Traditionally, the origins of", "title": "Roman law" }, { "id": "6961345", "text": "Theodosianus established between the \"Labarum\" and the Cantabrarii, the school of Roman soldiers in charge of carrying the \"Cantabrum\". Additionally, and according to the definition of the Royal Academy of the Spanish language, labarum is the Roman standard (as in military ceremonial flag) on which, under Emperor Constantin's rule, the cross and the Monogram of Christ (XP: Chi-Rho) was drawn. By association of ideas, labarum can refer just to the monogram itself, or even just the cross. Etymologically, the word comes from \"(p)lab-\" which means \"to speak\" in a number of Celtic languages, many of which have derivatives. For example,", "title": "Cantabrian labarum" }, { "id": "549244", "text": "not what one finds in its pages\". Arthur M. Eckstein writes that the period must be seen in contrast to the much more frequent warfare in the Roman Republic in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Eckstein also notes that the incipient Pax Romana appeared during the Republic, and that its temporal span varied with geographical region as well: \"Although the standard textbook dates for the Pax Romana, the famous “Roman Peace” in the Mediterranean, are 31 BC to AD 250, the fact is that the Roman Peace was emerging in large regions of the Mediterranean at a much earlier", "title": "Pax Romana" }, { "id": "344218", "text": "conform to imperial ideals, while also expressing their individual identity and regional preeminence. In the areas of the western Empire inhabited by Celtic-speaking peoples, Rome encouraged the development of urban centres with stone temples, forums, monumental fountains, and amphitheatres, often on or near the sites of the preexisting walled settlements known as \"oppida\". Urbanization in Roman Africa expanded on Greek and Punic cities along the coast. The network of cities throughout the Empire (\"coloniae\", \"municipia\", \"civitates\" or in Greek terms \"poleis\") was a primary cohesive force during the Pax Romana. Romans of the 1st and 2nd centuries AD were encouraged", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "2846350", "text": "of the imperial family, were common. In art, Concordia was depicted sitting, wearing a long cloak and holding onto a patera (sacrificial bowl), a cornucopia (symbol of prosperity), or a caduceus (symbol of peace). She was often shown in between two other figures, such as standing between two members of the Imperial family shaking hands. She was associated with a pair of female deities, such as Pax and Salus, or Securitas and Fortuna. She was also paired with Hercules and Mercury, representing \"Security and Luck\" respectively. The oldest Temple of Concord, built in 367 BC by Marcus Furius Camillus, stood", "title": "Concordia (mythology)" }, { "id": "18817062", "text": "Italian and German. The modern term \"pax tablet\" may be used, especially by church historians, where art historians mostly favour \"pax\". \"Osculatory\" is used in some 19th-century sources, and some claim that this refers to a pendant form, worn round the neck by the priest. This does not appear in most modern scholarship, though given a one-line entry by \"Oxford Art Online\". Translators unfamiliar with the concept may introduce still further names into English. \"Kusstafel\" (\"kiss-board\") is one of the German names. The Kiss of Peace was included in the Mass of the Western Church from the 2nd century at", "title": "Pax (liturgical object)" }, { "id": "1778777", "text": "is a woman's legal status and standing in society. Women were considered to be a form of guardianship similar to that of minors, and sections on ownership and possession give off the impression that women were considered to be akin to a piece of real estate or property due to the use of terms such as \"ownership\" and \"possession\". The Twelve Tables are often cited as the foundation for ancient Roman law. Although faced with many issues, the Twelve Tables provided a premature understanding of some key concepts such as justice, equality, and punishment. While these ideas were not fully", "title": "Twelve Tables" }, { "id": "344182", "text": "to have some official capacity, such as a procurator or a military officer, including centurions down to the lowly \"stationarii\" or military police. Roman courts held original jurisdiction over cases involving Roman citizens throughout the empire, but there were too few judicial functionaries to impose Roman law uniformly in the provinces. Most parts of the Eastern empire already had well-established law codes and juridical procedures. In general, it was Roman policy to respect the \"mos regionis\" (\"regional tradition\" or \"law of the land\") and to regard local laws as a source of legal precedent and social stability. The compatibility of", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "3274581", "text": "introduced by Ögedei Khan in 1234 and supplied fresh horses and fodder. His brothers Chagatai Khan and Tolui and his nephew Batu Khan further extended this network. The Mongol army administered the Yam. The Yam stretched across Mongol territory from Eastern Europe to the Pacific Ocean. The routes were well organised, funded, maintained, and administrated by the Mongols. This highly sophisticated system of communication and travel made it relatively easy to send important messages and travel long distances in relatively short amounts of time. As a result of the relatively lucid communication and ease of movement, the Mongols were able", "title": "Pax Mongolica" }, { "id": "344140", "text": "throughout the Republic and Empire, but did not vote, hold political office, or serve in the military. A mother's citizen status determined that of her children, as indicated by the phrase \"ex duobus civibus Romanis natos\" (\"children born of two Roman citizens\"). A Roman woman kept her own family name \"(nomen)\" for life. Children most often took the father's name, but in the Imperial period sometimes made their mother's name part of theirs, or even used it instead. The archaic form of \"manus\" marriage in which the woman had been subject to her husband's authority was largely abandoned by the", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "564725", "text": "mean and what kind of a peace do we seek? Not a \"Pax Americana\" enforced on the world by American weapons of war. Not the peace of the grave or the security of the slave. I am talking about genuine peace, the kind of peace that makes life on earth worth living, and the kind that enables men and nations to grow, and to hope, and build a better life for their children—not merely peace for Americans but peace for all men and women, not merely peace in our time but peace in all time. Beginning around the Vietnam War,", "title": "Pax Americana" }, { "id": "344303", "text": "as central to Roman identity. There was no principle analogous to \"separation of church and state\". The priesthoods of the state religion were filled from the same social pool of men who held public office, and in the Imperial era, the Pontifex Maximus was the emperor. Roman religion was practical and contractual, based on the principle of \"do ut des\", \"I give that you might give.\" Religion depended on knowledge and the correct practice of prayer, ritual, and sacrifice, not on faith or dogma, although Latin literature preserves learned speculation on the nature of the divine and its relation to", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "id": "16284457", "text": "Martha wanted him to go there. So they put him in this thing with monks and nuns; they were trying to rehabilitate him.\" Minaj debuted the character live during a controversial performance at the 54th Annual Grammy Awards. \"Roman Holiday\" is a fast-paced Hindi hip-hop and pop rap and song influenced by opera music that runs for four minutes and five seconds. It features a complex production, utilizing elements such as rattling sound effects, sonic drops, synths, and laser's The song also references the traditional hymn \"Oh Come All Ye Faithful\". The song received comparisons to \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" by Queen,", "title": "Roman Holiday (song)" } ]	what does pax romana mean and why is it important

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